IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) A % 1.0 I.I ■^y^S 125 no ■^" 2.2 us lU u 14.0 IL25 III 1.4 |2jO IffliflB 1.6 / ^ ^ Hiotographic Sciences CorpQPation 23 WEST MAIN STRUT WEBSTIR,N.Y. 14SM (716) •72-4503 CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical IViicroreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques Ttchnical and Bibliographio Notaa/Notaa tachniquaa at bibliographiquat Tha Initituta has anamptad to obtain tha baat original copy availabia for filming. Faaturas of thia copy which may ba bibliographically uniqua, wh<ch may altar any of tha imagaa in tha raproduction, or which may significantly changa tha usual mathod of filming, ara choclcad balow. □ Colourad covars/ Couvartura da coulaur □ Covars damagad/ Couvartura andommagia □ Covars rastorad and/or laminatad/ Couvartura raataurte at/ou pailiculAa DS Covar titia miasing/ titra da couvartura manqua I — I Colourad mapa/ D Cartaa giographiquaa an coulaur Colourad inic (i.a. othar than blua or blacic)/ Encra da coulaur (i.a. autra qua biaua ou noira) r~n Colourad plataa and/or illuatrationa/ D n D Planchaa at/ou illuatrationa 1% coulaur Bound with othar matarial/ Rail* avac d'autraa documants Tight binding may cauaa shadowa or distortion along intarior margin/ La rt liura sarr^a paut cauaar da i'ombra ou da la diatorslon la long da la marga intiriaura Blank laavaa addad during raatoration may appaar within tha taxt. Whanavar possibia, thaaa hava baan omittad from filming/ II sa paut qua cartainaa pagaa blanchaa ajoutiaa lors d'una raatauration apparaiaaant dana la taxta, mala, lorsqua cala 4tait poaaibia, caa pagaa n'ont paa M filmiaa. Additional commanta:/ Commantairas suppl^mantairaa; L'Inatitut a microfilm* la maillaur axamplaira qu'il lui a iti possibia da sa procurar. Las details da cat axamplaira qui sont paut-4tra uniquas du point da vua bibliographiqua. qui pauvant modif iar una imaga raproduita. ou qui pauvant axigar una modification dana la mAthoda normaia da filmaga sont indiquAa ei-dassous. □ Colourad pagaa/ Pagaa Pagaa da coulaur Pagaa damagad/ Pagaa andommagiaa □ Pagaa raatorad and/or laminatad/ Pagaa raataurAas at/ou palliculias rn/^agaa discolourad, stainad or foxad/ L^ Pagaa dAcolorias. tachatias ou piquies □ Pagaa datachad/ Pagas ditachias rrVshowthrough/ LJ Transparanca □ Quality of print varias/ Qualiti in^gala da I'imprassion □ Includaa supplamantary matarial/ Comprand du matiriai supplAmantaira □ Only adition availabia/ Saula Mition disponibia T tc D Pagaa wholly or partially obscurad by arrata slips, tissuas, ate. hava baan rafilmad to anaura tha bast possibia imaga/ Laa pagaa totalamant ou partiallamant obacurciaa par un fauillat d'arrata, una palura. ate. ont Ati filmias * nouvaau da faqon A obtanir la maiilaura imaga possibia. This itam is filmad at tita raduction ratio ehacicad balow/ Ca documant ast film4 au taux da reduction indiquA ci*daaaoua. 10X 14X 18X 22X 28X 30X Z T P o fl C b tl s o fl s o T SI T w b( ri! rs m 12X 1«X aox 24X 28X 32X tails I du odifisr une maga rrata o lalura. 3 32X Th« copy filmad h«r« has ba«n raproducad thanks to tha ganaroaity of: Arehivn of Ontario Toronto Th« imagaa appaaring hara ara th« boat qualtty poaaibia conaidaring tho condition and tagibility of tha original copy and in Icaaping with tho filming contract spacifieationa. Original copiaa in printad papor covars ara fllmad baginning with tho front eovar and anding on tha last paga with a printad or illustratad improa- sion, or tho bacic covar whon appropriata. All othar original copiaa ara fllmad beginning on tho first paga with a printad or illustratad impraa- sion. and anding on tho laat paga with a-printad or illustratad impraaalon. Tho laat racordad frama on oach mieroficho shall contain tha symbol — -^ (moaning "CON- TINUED"), or tho symbol ▼ (moaning "END"), whichavar appiiaa. Mapa. piataa. charts, ate., may bo fllmad at diffarant reduction ratloa. Thoao too largo to bo antiraly ineiudad in ono axpoaura aro fllmad baginning in tha uppar iaft hand comof . loft to right and top to bonom. aa many framoa aa raquirad. Tha following diagrama illuatrata tha motfiod: 1 2 3 L'axampiaira filmA fat raproduit grftca k la ginirositi da: ArchivM of Ontario Toronto Laa imagaa suivantaa ont 4tA raproduitaa avac la plua grand soin. compta tanu da la condition at da la nattat* da l'axampiaira flim4, at an conformitA avac las conditiona du contrat da filmaga. Laa axamplairaa originaux dont la couvartura ^n papiar aat imprimAa sont filmte wn eommonpant par la pramiar plat at an tarminant soit par la damiAra paga qui eomporto uno amprointa dimpraaaion ou dlilustration. soit par l« sacond plat, salon la cas. Tous laa autres oxampialroa originaux sont filmte an commandant par la pramlAra paga qui eomporto uno omprainta dimpraaaion ou dlilustration at an tarminant par la damiAra paga qui eomporto uno taila amprainta. Un daa symbolaa suivants apparattra sur la damlAra imaga da chaqua microficha. salon lo eaa: la symbolo — »• signifio "A SUIVRE". la symbolo ▼ signifio "FIN". Laa cartaa. planchas. tabiaaux. etc., pauvant Atra filmte A daa taux da rMuetion diffirants. Lorsqua la document ast trop grand pour 4tra raproduit it un soul ciichA. il ast film* A partir da I'angla sup^riaur gaucha. da gaucha i droita. at da haut an baa. an pranant la nombro dlmagaa n^caasaira. Las diagrammas suivants illuatrant la m^thoda. 1 2 3 4 5 6 '^^L a. K )3 -N ., BY MR MULOCK AT MASSEY HALL, TORONTO, On 22nd of February, 1896. ON ,^i >r-.*iI.X'l , ■ "REMEDIAL LEGISLATION." The Chairman called upon Mr. Mulock to move the following resolution : — * *,» Resolved, that the jurisdiction of the Dominion Parliament in educa< tional matters is exceptional and, while we may not be united as to whether such jurisdiction ought to exist, we are unanimous that it ought not to be resorted to except in cases of a gross and clearly-proven abuse of the power of the majority in any Province, and after all other efforts to remedy the grievance have been exhausted. " • Mr. Mulock, in support of the resolution, said : — " As a party man, it may be thought I am in strange company to- night, in appearing on a platform with gentlemen whose political alli- ances are not mine, and whose views on many public questions I do not share ; but. Sir, the occasion is one which warrants, aye, demands, the co-operation of citizens of all cladses and of all political and religious creeds, in order to the solution of a vexed problem justly and wisely — (applause) — and which, if so solved, will preserve friendly and cordial relations between all classes of our people, and thus assure success to our national undertaking, the establishment of an enduring basis in this western hemisphere of a British colony, whose possibilities and potentialities justify our aspirations to see Canada the most powerful, progressive and patriotic of all the great possessions with which Great Britain has girdled the earth. (Cheers.) MR. LAURIER APPROVED. •* Sir, in the spirit of peace and union the invitation \^a8 worded which brings me here to-night. In the same spirit mj political leader, Wilfrid Laurier, a true man — (cheers) — a good man, a great man, ap- proved of my presence here, that I might give expression, however feebly, to his belief in the efficacy of conciliation rather than force as a means of adjusting this delicate question, and I feel sure that in the same spirit will be conducted the deliberations and deliverance of this great assembly. ' (Applause.) " Sir, what is the problem before us 1 In February, 1895, the Irrivy Council of England decided that the Dominion Parliament had power, within certain limits, to legislate in respect of grievances com- plained of on behalf of the Roman Catholics in Manitoba. In that same month the Dominion Parliament purported to create themselves into a court, and summoned the Province of Manitoba before them, as you would an ordinary offender before a Police Magistrate, and, with an alacrity that has not characterized all their administrative acts, did, within less than two weeks after the adjournment of their pretended court, and without having first adopted any conciliatory course towards the people of Manitoba, and without even having allowed them time to consider what was best to be done, and without inquiring into the facts and circumstances, and without seriously considering whether Dominion interference could accomplish more good than harm, and without having first adopted a diplomatic course with a view to friendly settlement, bluntly and unfortunately issued a peremptory remedial order against Manitoba, ordering that Province to legislate in a certain way, and in default, threatening it with Dominion interference. Well, sir, whether the framers of that order were desirous of hav- ing it complied with, or of provoking hostility or refusal, I do not pre- tend to say, but that order was submitted to a special meeting of the Legislature of Manitoba, which dealt with it by resolution on the 19th of June last. I will not read at length from that resolution, but suf- fice it to say that the Legislature of Manitoba did not, even under this provocation, assume the attitude of dogged determination not to consider any representations that might bo made to them in respect of the griev- ances of our Roman Catholic fellow-citi/ens of Manitoba, and, to make clear this point, permit me to read a few passages from the resolutions of the Manitoba Legislature in answer to the remedial order : — Manitoba's answer. "We believe, when the remedial order was made, there was not avail- able then to your Excellency in Council full and accurate information as to the working of our former system of schools. We a'so believe that there was lacking the means of forming a correct judgment as to the effect upon the Province of changes in the direction indicated in the order, and, being impressed with this view, we respectfully submit that it is not too late to make a full and deliberate investigation of the whole subject. Should such a course be adopted we shall cheerfully assist in' affording the most complete information available. An investigation ofsuch a kind would furnish sub- s'antial basis of fact upon which conclusions could be formed with a reason- able degree of certainty. It is urged most strongly that upon so important a matter, involving as it does the religious feeling and convictions of different classes of the people of Canada and the educational interests of the P/ovince, which is expected to become one of the most important in the Dominion, no hasty action should be taken, but that, on the contrary, the greatest care and deliberation should be exercised and a full and thorough inrestigation made." And then, after some further reference to the order, the Legisla- ture of Manitoba proceeds to say : — " Nothing could be more unfortunate from the standpoint (<f the Roman Catholic people themselves than any hr\sty or peremptory action on the par^ of the Parliament of Canada, because such action would probably produce strained relations, ard tend to prevent the possibility of restoring harmony. We respectfully suggest to your Excellency in Council that all the above con- siderations call most strongly for full and careful deliberation and for such a course of action as will avoid irritating complications. " We deem it also proper to call attention to the fact that it is only a few months since the latest decision upon the subject was given by the Judi- cial Committee of the Privy Council. Previous to that time the majority of the members of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba had expressly or im- pliedly given pledges to their constitutents, which they feel in honor bound loyally to fulfil. We understand that it has been lately suggested that pri- vate funds of the Roman Catholic Church and people have been invested in school buildings and land that are now appropriated for Public school pur- poses. No evidence of such fact has ever been laid before us, so far as we can ftscertHin, but we profess ourselves willing, if any injustice can be estab- lished, ti) make full and fair coinpensatipn therefor." Well, sir, when that reply reached Ottawa — the Dominion (Jovern- tnent, impressed with the force of the invitation of Manitoba to friendly negotiations without accepting it, stayed its hand for a while, but un- fortunately did so with a further threat contained in their Order-in- Council of July last, that if Manitoba did not deal with the matter satisfactorily the Dominion Government would act on the remedial order at the present session of the Dominion Parliament. This Order- in-Council of July last was laid before the Legislature of Manitoba fresh from the people, at its session in the month of January last, which thereupon proceeded to consider the same and passed a resolution, from which I will quote but a few words : — "The remedy sought to, be applied is fraught with great danger to the principle of Provincial autonomy. An independent consideration of the subject, as well as the recognized constitutional practice in analogous cases, clearly indicate that it could only be made use of as a last resort, and after the clearest possible case had been made out. l: is obvious that so drastic a proceeding as the coercion of a Province in order to iinpose upon it a policy repugnant to the declared wishes of its people can only be justified by clear and unmistakable proof of flagrant wrongdoing on the part of the Provincial authorities." And further on, Manitoba proceeds to say : — " It is a matter of regret that the invitation extended by the Legislative Assembly to make a proper inquiry into the facts of the case has not oeen accepted, but that, as before stated, the advisers of His Excellency have de- clared the'r policy without investigation. It is with all deference submitted that such a course seems to be quite incapable of reasonable justification, and must create the conviction that the educational interests of the people of Manitoba are to be dealt with in a hostile and peremptory way by a tribunal whose members have not approached the subject in a judicial spirit, or taken the proceedings necessary to enable them to fonn a proper opinion upon the merits of the question. The inquiry asked for the reply of the Legislature to the remedial order should, in the opinion of the undersigned, be again earnestly invited, and in the event of the invitation being accepted, the scope of the inquiry should be sufficiently wide to embrace all available facts relating to the past or present school system." , And further on the Legislature of Manitoba proceeds to say : — " In amending the law from time to time, and in administering the sys- tem, it is the earnest desire to remedy every well-formed grievance, and to 5 remove every appearance of inequality or injuatice that mny be brought to notice. With the view of so doing, the Government and the Legislature will always be ready to consider any complaint that may he made in a spirit of fairness and conciliation. '* It seems therefore most reasonable to conclude that by leaving the question to be so dealt with, the truest interests of the minority would be better served than by attempting to establish a system of Separate Schools by coercive legislation." From what I have read, every fair-minded man must conclude that nothing but good, both to the minority arid majority, could have come from friendly negotiations on the lines of these invitations, twice ex- tended by the people of Manitoba to the Dominion Government. Un- fortunately the invitation was not accepted, and to-day the threatened legislation has been introduced into the Dominion Parliament, and it is now for the people of Canada to consider whether they can by any ac- tion of theirs impress upon their representatives at Ottawa a wiser course than the coercion of a great Province. THE OLIVE BRANCH. TwiceManitrv, has held out the olive branch. (Applause.) Friendly investigation, frien :.) negotiations, and conciliatory methods all refus- ed in favor of a policy of force. Now we are brought face to face with a serious problem, which I think may yet be satisfactorily solved. A just sense of right by the people of Great Britain and the United States is forcing upon the Governments of these two great nations the prin- ciple of friendly conference instead of the arbitrament of the sword for the settlement of the Venezuela affair, and so may the people of Canada now avert threatened national disaster by requiring our rulers at Ot- tawa to adopt like methods. Nor is there any reason to fear that such methods would not be successful. Twenty years ago the Legislature of Prince Edward Island abolished Separate Schools, whereupon»the minority appealed to Ottawa, just as the minority of Manitoba is doing, but the good sense of the Government prevailed and it said : Go back with this question to the Province from which it came, thresh it out in your own land, appeal to that spirit of JUSTICE AND FAIR PLAY , which is to be found in every part of Her Majesty's dominions, and you will not appea) in vain. This advice was followed and was justified 6 by results, and today Prince Edward Island administers its Public School system in a tolerant, Christian and just manner, and to the satisfaction of all creeds and classes. (Cheers.) Again history repeated itself in the case of New Brunswick, and when the minority of that Province also sought to invoke interference from Ottawa, the Government of that day, led by Sir John Macdonald, gave the same advice as to the minority of Prince Edward Island. The advice was followed by the minority and the result has justified the soundness of the advice. (Cheers.) Nova Scotia, with its Public School system, has also administered it to the satisfaction of all classes. (Cheers.) If, then, sir, in all our Maritime Provinces this question has been capable of adjustment by the people concerned, are we not warranted in believing that equally happy results will follow if we allow the peo- ple of Manitoba themselves to come together, as the resolutions from which I have quoted indicate they are willing to do in a friendly con- ference, with the view of removing every grievance ? A TORONTO PRECEDENT. Sir, I might cite a case nearer home which warrants me in believ- ing that friendly overtures conducted in an honest, straightforward and concilatory spirit between our Roman Catholic and Protestant friends bears good fruit. Many years ago, during my early official connection with the University of Toronto, it was my good fortune to be Chairman of the committee of the University Senate to negotiate with represen- tatives of St. Michael's College of Toronto, in order to find a basis for affiliation with that University. We met the committee of St Michael's College in a friendly, frank and fair manner. We invited them to accept of the advantages of the University. We considered their difficulties, and without sacrificing any principle we were able to remove all obstacles and to bring about a happy union between that College and the University, which has continued up to the present moment unmarred by a single disturbing circumstance, and which, founded upon mutual good-will, mutual confidence and mutual respect for the rights of all, gives every promise of permanence. (Applause.) Sir, there are other precedents, and there is a precedent showing what results have attended the opposite course. Every student of Canadian history is familiar with the troublous times in the old Pro- vince of Canada, when Upper and Lower Canada were united in one Legislature and endeavored to arrange the school system of eacli other. For twenty-live years the attempt was made, and for twenty-live years the attempt was a failure, a failure that practically destroyed the legislative powers of the Province. So divided did the people become over educational and other cognate matters that govern- ment became an impossibility, and at last the great men of that day regardless of their political views, united to devise a scheme that would relegate educational and other matters of a kindred character tu the Local Legislatures rather than to the arbitrament on each occasion of the representatives of the whole people of Canada, and no one sub- ject was with greater unanimity regarded as peculiarly proper to be be dealt with by the Provinces a£fected rather than by the Dominion Parliament than was the subject of Education. (Applause.) True it is that a reserve power is left to the Dominion Parliament even in the case of education, just as there is reserved power to the Dominion Parliament to disallow every bill that any Local Legislature may pass. As to how far the Dominion Parliament is warranted in interfering with a Province by substituting the will of the Federal for that of the Local Legislature, as on all questions, extreme views are entertained. There are those who contend that the Dominion Parliament is bound in every case at Once to interfere, whilst others contend that in every case the appeal is to be denied. Between these extreme views is the moderate one set forth in the Resolution of the Legislature of Manitoba that interference with Provincial autonomy is only justifiable as a last resort, and they beg the Dominion Parliament to act on this view and stay its hand at least until other and more promising methods have been tried. Shall we, therefore, now press upon the Dominion Parlia- ment the necessity of adopting this safe middle course, or shall we allow them to light the fires of sectarian strife by establishing a pre- cedent which will be a standing invitation to the minority, whether it be a Protestant or Catholic, in each Province of this Dominion continuously to bring their appeals to Ottawa, until the whole Do- minion becomes enveloped in one general sectarian conflagration? There can be but one end to such a condition of affairs — the destruc- tion of our Confederation. (Prolonged cheers). ( -