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32 X

1 2 3

4 5 6

ENCOVRAGEMENTS,

For fuch as shall have intention

to bee Vnder-takers in the now plantation

of CAPE BJRITON.now New Oalloivay

in AMERICA,

BT MEE

LOCHINVAR.

Non nobis natijumus; aliquid parentes, aliquid
Patria, aliquid cognati pojlulant.

EDINBVRGH,

Printed hf lohn Wreittoun. Anno Dom. 1 625.

TO THE RIGHT
VVORSHIPFVLL

SIR WILLIAM

ALEXANDER

of Menstrie Knight,

Maftcr of Requeftes for iSco^/ant/,

and Lievetenant Generall to his

Majeftie in tho Kingdome

of NEW SCO TLAND.

AND

TO THE REMNANT THE NOBLE-

MEN, AND KNIGHTS BARO-

nets in Scotland, Vnder-takers

in the plantations of New Scot'

land in AMERICA.

8906Q

TO THE ADVEN

TVRERS, FAVOV-

rers, and well-willers of

the enterprife for the inhabiting,

and planting in Gape Briton, now

New Galloway in America.

* * *

if
.a'
I

GEntle Reader,
It hath heene the policie vniverfall, from the
creation of the World vnto this time, of all civile
States, the replenijiiing of the World with Co-
lonies of their owne fuhjeShs. Adam c J Eva
did firjl beginne this pleq/ant worke to plait the
Earth tofucceeding pojleritie. Noah, and his familie began
againe thefecond plantation. And the confujion of tongues at
Babel, made divijion of States, fcattering as manie Colonies of
ver the face of the Earth after the Flood, as there was diverjitie
of Languages : and their feede as it Jlill increafed, hath Jlill
planted new Countries, one after another; and fo the Worlde
to that ejlate whereinto it is.

That the planting of Countries, and civilizing barbarous and
inhumane Nations, hath ever beene the worke of the greatejl
Princes of the Earth, their ever-living aSHons hath tejlijied;
wherewith are filled both the records of divine Trueth, and the
monuments of humane flate; and whose heroicke anions (wee

B mujl

ThoEpiaio.

mujl not thinke) hath beene vndertaken vpon triniall motives,
when as by that, they did ajluell inlarge the limites of their Do-
minions, andenriche the revenues of their ejlates ; as bridle fedi-
tion at home, and fettle fecuritie againjl their enemies abroad.
Thefeprecredingpraife-worthie Fathers, and their memorable
offpring were diligent to plant, that yet vnplanted to their af
ter-hvers ; wherein f lined thofe worthie Founders of the great
Monarchies and their virtues: the Hobrues, the Laeedomoni-
ans, Gothes, Gr.-ccians, Komanes, and the rejl from time to
time in their feverall ages.

But to leaue thefe remote times, let vs take a view within thefe
GO.yeeres of the difcoveries, and plantations in America, by the
EngHfli, the French, the Spainard, the Portugalo; by whofe
tnduJlriouspai?ies are made knownevnto vs alreadie their Jo hudge
traas, kingdomes, and territories, peopled and vnpeopled, as vpon
the hither fide for thefpace of 5000. leagues at the leaf, and for
3000. more on the backejide in the South Sea.

Manie difcourfes of the difcoueries which hath beene there ef

fe^ed within thefe few yeeres are made of worthie Perfonages:

fuch as Columbus, Cortez, Pitzora, Soto, Magellanes, and

manie others, who to the wonder of all ages hathfuccejiveliefe-

conded one another in thofe partes.

Whole Decads are filed with difcoveries there, and volumes
with their anions of plantation : There wee fee the renowned
Drake, and memorable Candilch twife about the round circum-
ference of the whole Earth. Virginia to perpetrat the memorie
of her honourable Knight S' Walter Ralegh, Araidas, Arthur,
"Whyto, Grenuile, and Lane her firjl difcoverers, and worthie
Qovernours in her plantations. S' lohn Haukins in his Guinea,
lohn de Verrazano a Florentine, lohn Rinault, Rene Lan-
doniere, Dominique Gorgues in their Florida. The noble
Cortez, and the other Spainards, and Portugalls in their golden
Mynes of the 15. Provinces of new Mexico, Nueua Gallicia,
Nueua Hifpanna, Nueua Bifcaia, Cibola, Quivivra, and to
the Qulfe of California on the back fide o/ America. The fa-
mous

The Epiftlc.

mous Cabot, Frobiflicr, Davis, whnfe memories piall never die in
the North-wejl parts : and mantj innumvralde nioe Worthies, whom
all after-ufjes Jhall eternize for their vertues, who/'e anions I leave to
bee/earched as thctj are regijlred in the monuments of their praife-
worthic proceedings.

The piinintj hriyhtneffl' of thrfe (Gentle Reader) and fuch

others, hathfo beamed a path tcay to all poflcritie for imitation; as

that the bnj'j} mindc that is, may bee induced to follow their foot-

Jleppes. And for my felfe, hauing from the Jource of tliut ever

and over-flowing fountaine, that was Jlill a running to all, from

our late Soveraigne of never-dying memorie King I AMES ob-

tained a Patent of Cape Briton, which now, by bin lioyall di-

re^ion is intituled New Galloway i// America: / haue re (hived to

follow the troden way of thef^ [others, whofe happie fuccejje are Jo

plainliefeene in fuch honorable dffignes.

And finco I doe propone to my felfe the fume ends, which arc
firjl for the glorie of my great and mightic GOD; next the fervice
of his M. my dread Soveraigne, and my native Countrie; and
Infl the particidar weale, and vtilitie of my felfe, and fuch as fliall
be generouflie difpofed adventurers with mee : Why fJiall it bee
lau full for others, and not for mee : and not as pnfible and as com-
modious for mee, as vnto others of my qualitie?

The chiefe (then) and the farthejl poynt that my intention
fhall Jceke to arrive at; ^//t all '> t to remove that vnbeliefe, which
is Jo grounded in the mindes of men, to dijcredite mofl noble and
profitable endevoures with diflrvjc: and, firjt, to fhake off their
colourable prctenrcs of ignorance, and then, if they will not be
perjwaded to make their Jdfe-willes inexcujable; I fhall make
manifejt the worthinejje of the cauje to the mindes ofjuch as are
dejirous to bee Jdtled in a certaintie. As for my Jelfe, I doe
gine tnjc to the relations ofjuch, whoje wjdomes (/ know) are
not Jo fhallow, as eajilie bee deceived of others; nor conjciences
Jo wretched, as by pretences to deceive others; and having the
perjonall try all of Jo honourable and Jufficient reporters, our owne
Countrie-men, this naked contemplation, and idle knowledge can

^2 not

Tli« Epiftlo.

not content mee: but kmwiny that the rhiefe commendation of
vertue confifleth in aHion, I haue rcfolved a pmaife, and to trace
thc^ footjleppen of thone heroicke fore-runnen, whn/i: honourable
albums Jhall ever live vpon Karth; whilen their Soulcs live in ,jlo-
riem the Hcacrnx, and /hall incrcnfe hcere, and multiplie ; aa their
bodies m the ijrave Jhall putrife.

The inducements which hath incouraged mce to this cnterprifc,
and to fpend mij time, and bejl abilities in thr/e adventures, I
Jhall heere/htte bricjlie downe without amj inlnrr/ment of made
wordes, but in Jingle f peach, as bejl bcj'eeming a Jimple meaning;
Intreatmg thee (Courteous Reader) that thou would with an
afedioned mind conftder theje mxj Jahfequent motives, where-
with I haue bccnc induced my J elf e : ponder aright mg endes: and
then but weigh mg willing and free Offers, which I doe make
for the weale and furtherance of Jo worthie a Worke. Wee are
not borne to ourfekcs: but to help each others, and our abilities
and meanes are not much vnlike at the Jirft houre of our birth,
and the laft minute of our death : and it is our deedes good or bad
that allofvs haue to carrie vs to Heaven or Hell after this life.

While wee are therefore heere, let vs imitate the vertues, and glo-
ries of our PredeceJfours, that heereaftcr worthilie wee may bee
remembred as their Succeffours,

[ I
(i

Fare-wbll.

dation of
d to trace
onourablc
ve in f/lo-
; aa their

•nterprife,
'nture8, I

of made
meaning ;

ivith an
f, u'here-
des: and
loe make

Wee are
f abilities
mr birth,
■)d or had

life.

and glo-

may bee

THE MOTIVES,

which hath induced mee,

and may luippilio ciicourago liich as

haue intention to bee Vnder-ta-

kers with Mee in the plantation

of New GALLOIVA 1 ' in

AMERICA.

MOTIVE I.

S the chiefe and primarie end of mans ere- The frj't
ation is tho Worihippo of GOD; fo fhall *"**'"'*•
tho firft, and fpeciall motive of my procee-
ding be the advancement of inn Glorie, and
that by the propagation of the Gofpell of
lESVS CHMISTamongd an Heathen
people, whore Chriftianitie hath not beene knowne, nor
tho worlhippe of tho true GOD. Where can bee fe-
le<aed a more excellent fubjedl, than to call downo tho Al-
tars of Devills, and to raise vp the Altar of CHRIST: to
forbidde the Sacrifice of men, that they may offer vp
the Sacrifices of contrite Spirites.

Is it not a determined Trueth, that the Gofpell of le-
fm Chrifl fliould bee preached to all the Worlde (^Heaven
andEarthJhallpaJfe away, butGODSWordefhaUnotpaffe
away.) And is it not as certaine a Conclufion amongft'all
the Divines, that thefe are the latter Dayes, wherein we
live, well knowne by the fignes that were to come before,
fette downe by God himfelfe in his facred Worde, and
for the moft part alreadie manifefted ? And hath not Gods

B 3 all-

'44

^^COrn^GEMSm-S FOR

oommonlie. than properiie Sr?/" l"^ » ''««. »o«
know^e but within thfe 60 t^ i""" ^"^ ^"""J vn-
to make appeare the pCffeZ'?' "-^ " ««»>Pfe,
how hee wiU haue the feeS^f u- *"»« Providence
™o„gft thena; Then dl^ulLZr'"' *° ^^ <•--:!'
fecute hisworke; a,.das bymTlr","^" ™"' "' '» P™-
buy at them the pearle, onhTS*™« '"'' *^-^^
mumcate vnto them the pearles ^ »; """ °"«'" *" ™-

The tm,e hath never beene r ° ""
"urmoftgrati„„,a„dg„^™/PP»fent as now, vnder

"We generous and mSf ^"l'^'"«^«^^W
'» the fan,, hath maS K fi' T"~
the Crowne, to bee the feieaed ;„fl ** ""'^ '■°™=»'ed

Then ftould not that B • " '"°^'>* *<> atehieue it
fon in Him, whom tee tt'' ^"^ '"-«"o- 4 -
aion, both ineite, andrvite .1 /'? '° ""'^ «'" '"» a-
a«. would Ihunne the i^rM„n" "f^^ """S"^' "^ ''""h
Hi8 foot-fleppes. ""?"*»''»" "f -dleneffe to imitate

Is It vnlawfull for va *«

duetieofChriftia:rL;rber,!?T' ^"^ ■'' « *he
fteppe^ of GODS glorie Tnl^^f ^^^ ™P™W foot.

^i to them, againft the law o7m, ^"" ™''''" heaven ;
ah e Strangor,'or to deny ^I CC^ *° ™'^'» "'P-"-
& It vnlawfuU for vs to t™j -ft .

Ophir; Abraham for n^t " f '"'^"8 *»• ^oW^ to

all Chriftendome forS ci?"' ""''•^*'""'^''' -"d
mifereants. "« commerce with Turh,, a„d

Nor neither is it vnkwfnll .1...
their Lands, and dwel^L^an^lr'!:* ^ "'

'».tion,wherfweemarrrrSr,lt£C

guages

••'J I

'11

NEW GJLLOWAT.

guages each of others : and hecaufe there is rowme fuf-
ficieut in the Land, (as Sichem faid) for them, and vs ; the
extent of an 100. myles beeing fcarce peopled with 500
inhabitants : and chieflie hecaufe (as Pharaoh gaue GoJIien,
to Ifrael, ere Ephron fold his caue to Abraham) they have
folde to our people their Lands for copper (which they
more efteme of, than money) to inherite and inhabite : as
Pafpehay and Powhatan, two [of] there greateft Kinges to
thefe our Colonies in Virginia; and chieflie (as it is writ-
ten by Captaine lohn Smith, a worthie aiftour in the bufi-
nelfe) when Captaine Newport was defired by Powhatan
at Worowacomaco, to come fror,, .antes towne in Virginia,
where hee was, as a place vnwholefome, and to take
pofleffion of another whole Kingdome, which hee gave
vnto him.

If any fcrupulous confcience will impute, that yet wee
can poflefle no further hmites, than was alloted by com-
pofition, and that fortitude without juftice, is but the
firebrand of inlquitie. Let him know that Plato defineth
it to bee no injuftice, to take a fword out of the hand of
a madde man. And Saint Augujiine hath allowed, for a
lawfull offenfiue warre that revengeth injuries, and where-
in the whole Divines in Europe, although contraverting
farre in other things, yet in this they all agree, that it is
lawfull. That the Church of Home allowe it. The Spa-
niard, and Portugalles large and ample territories and king-
domes in the 15. Provinces of Mexico, Numa Hifpanna,
Nueua Gallida, &c. beare witnefle. And for the Church
of England, their Bermudos, Virginian and New England
conquefle and colonies affirme it. And the Church of Gene-
va in the yeere 1555. determined in a Synode (where
Calvin was prefident) to send Peter Rochier, and William
Quadriganm, vnder a French Captaine toBraJtlia, althogh
they were fupplanted by the Cardinall of Loraine, and
the treacherie of their falfe Captaine.

When

ENCOVRAGEMENTS FOR

When therefore it is fo fweete a fmelling Sacrifice to
propagate the name of lefas Chrijl : if wee haue any graine
of faith or zeale in Religion, let vs feeke to convert thefe
poore Savages to knowe Cfhrijl, and humanitie. Let Re-
ligion bee the firfl aime of our hopes, and other thinges
fhall bee cafl vnto vs. Our Names fliall bee regiftred to
pofteritie with a glorious Title ; Thefe are the men whom
GOD hath raifed to augment the ftate of their Coun-
trie, and to propagate the Gofpell of lefus Chrijl.

The fame GOD that hath ordained three Kingdomes
vnder the Scepter of our gratious King CHARLES,
will not bee wanting to adde a fourth, if wee would dif-
folve that froftie ycieneffe which chilleth our zeale, and
maketh vs cold in the a6lion.

MOTIVE II.

Thefecond A ND next to the Worlhippe of my GOD,
motive. J^\ fervice of my Prince, and native Countrie :

is the
which
is the fecond end that I haue propounded vnto my felfe,
by inlarging thefe Dominions whereof I am a Subje6l :
a duetie mofte proper to all the true and loyall Lieges,
whenfoever by fo lawfuU and eafie meanes it may bee at-
chieved.

What is fo truelie futable with honour and honeftie,
as to gaine to our native Mother-Countrie a Kingdome
to attend her ? Wherein can the tafte of true vertue, and
magnanimitie bee more fweete and pleafant than in plan-
ting, and building a foundation for thy pofteritie ; gotte
from the rude earth by Gods bleffing, and thine owne in-
duftrie, without prejudice to any ? What more condu-
cing

NEW GALLOWAT.

cing to that myfticall bodie politicke, whereof thou art a
member, than for to finde imployment for thofe that are
idle, becaufe they knowe not what to doe? Pofteritie
fliall remember thee for it, and remembring, ever ho-
nour that remembrance with praife.

Confider what was the beginninges, and endinges of the
Monarchies of the Chaldeans, the Perjians, the Grecians
and the Romans, but this one rule : what was it they would
not doe for the Common- wealth or there mother Citie ? for
example : Rome, what made her fuch a Monarcheffe, bul, on-
ly the adventures of her youthe, not in ryots at home,
but in dangers abroad ? and their juftice, and judgment,
out of their own experience when they grewe aged. "What
was their mine and hurt, but this : their exceffe of idleneffe,
want of experience, hypocriticall feeming goodneffe, &
growing onlie formall Temporifts ; fo that what their Pre-
deceffours gotte in many yeeres, they loft in few dayes :
thefe by their paines and laboures became Lordes of the
Worlde, they by their eafe and vyces became flaves to
their fervants.

Then, who would live at home idle (or think in him
felfe any worth to live) onlie to eate, drinke, and fleepe,
and fo to die? or by confuming that careleflie, which
their predeceffours hath got worth ilie? or by vfing that
miferabhe, that maintained vertue honeftlie ? or, for bee-
ing defcended nobhe, pyne with the vaine vaunt of Kin-
red in penurie ? or (to maintaine a fiUie ihow of braverie)
toyle out the heart, foule, and time bafelie, by Ihiftes,
trickes, cardes, or dyce ? or by relating newes of others
afiiions, fliarke heere or there for a Dinner or Supper ?
deceiving his friends by faire promifes and diffimulation,
in borrowing where hee never intendeth to pay? offen-
ding the Lawes, furfeting with exceffe, burthening his
Countrie, abufing himfelfe, defpairing in want, and then
coufening his kinred ? although it is feene what honoures

the

ENCOVRAGEMENTS FOR

the World hath yet, and what affluence of all things ; for
fuch as will feeke, and worthilie deferue them. Heere
were courfes for Gentle-men, (and fuch as would bee fo
reputed) more futing their qualities, than begging from
their Princes generous difpofition the labours of his other
fubjedls.

It woulde bee a Hiftorie of a large volume to recite the
adventures of the Spaniards anu Portugalles, their conftant
refolutions, with fuch incomparable honour, fo farre be-
yond beliefe in their difcoveries, and plantations, as may
well condemne vs of too much imbecillitie, floth, and ne-
gligence. And yet the authours of thefe new inventions
were helde as ridiculous at that time : as now are others
that doe but feeke to imitate their vnparalelled vertues.

And though wee fee daylie their mountaines of wealth
(fprung from the plants of their generous indevoures)
yet is our incredulitie, and vntowardneffe fuch, and fo
great, that either ignorantlie wee beleeve nothing; or
fo curiouflie conteft, to prevent wee know not what fu-
ture events; that fo wee either negle(a, or oppreffe, or
difcourage both our felves, and others, that might both
as eafilie and would as willinglie attempt and embrace the
like.

Who feeth not, what is the greateft good of the Spani-
ard, but thefe newe conclufions, in fearching thefe vn-
knowne partes of this vnknowne Worlde: by which
raeanes heo diveth even into the verie fecreetes of all his
Neighboures, and the moft part of the Worlde.

And when the Portugalles and Spaniards had found the
Eaft and Wefl Indies, how manie did condemne them-
felves that did not accept of that honeft offer of noble
Columbus, who vpon the negleft of England, to whom it
was firft offered; brought them to it.- perfwading them-
felves the Worlde had no fuch places, as they had found ;
and yet ever fince wee finde, they ftill haue found newe

Lands

NEW GjILLOWAY.

Lands, newe Nations, new trades, and ftill daylie doe
finde, both in Ajia, Africa, Terra incognita, and America :
fo that their is neither Souldiour, nor Mechanicke from
the Lord, to the begger, but thefe parts affoord them all
employment, and difcharge their native Soyle of fo ma-
nie thoufands of all forts, that elfe by their floath, pryde
and imperfe<ftions, woulde longe ere this haue troubled
their neighboures, or haue eaten the pryde of Spaine it
felfe.

And feeing further, for all they have, they ceafe not
ftill to fearch for that, which yet they neither haue, nor
knowe not : it is ftrange that wee fhoulde bee fo dull, as
not maintaine that which wee haue, and purfue that
which wee knowe.

I am fure that manie would take it in an evill part to be
abridged of the titles and honours of their predeceffours :
when if but trueUe they would judge themfelves : looke
howe inferiour they are to their noble vertues, fo much
they are vnworthie of their honours, and livings : which
never were ordained for fliowes and fliadowes, to main-
taine idleneffe and floath, but to make them more able
to abound in honour by heroicall deedes of a6lion, judge-
ment, pietie and vertue.

What was it they would not doe both in purfe and per-
fon for the good of the Common-weale ? and may not this
bee a motive for vs to fet out fuch as may bee fpared of
our kindred in fuch generous defignes. Religion aboue
all things fliould move (efpeciallie the Cleargie) if wee
were religious, to fliowe our faith by our workes, in con-
verting thefe poore favages to the knowledge of GOD.
Honour might move the Gentrie, valiant and induftrious ;
the hope and afliirance of wealth, all : if wee were fuch,
as wee would feeme, and defire to bee accompted.

Or bee wee fo farre inferiour to other Nations, or our
Spirites fo farre deje<S»d from our ancient Predeceffoures

2 or

ENCOVRAGEMENTS FOR

or our minds fo vpon fpoylfi, pyracie, or other villanle, as
to ferve the Portugah, Spaniard, Dutch, French, or Turk,
(as to the great hurte of Europe too manie doe) rather
than our GOD, our King, our Countrie, and our felves ?
excufing our idleneffe, and our bafe complaints by want
of imployment ? when heere is fucli choyce of all fortes,
and for all degrees in this plantation.

So let thefe anfwere fuch queftionleffe queftions, that
keepe vs backe from imitating the worthineffe of their
brave fpirits, that advanced themfclves from poore Soul-
diers, to great Captaines, their pofteritie to great Lords,
their King to bee one of the greateft Potentates on Earth,
and the fruits of their labouvs, his greateft glorie, power,
riches and renowne.

■ i

The third
motive.

MOTIVE III.

AND as I haue fpoken of two principall caufes that
hath induced me ; The third of ray ends may hap-
pilie bee no leffe forcible to encourage all fuch, whofe e-
ducation, fpirits and judgments, wants but onlie the purfe
to profecute the fame with mee, and that is the private
and particulare gaine, that may bee got by fo lawfull and
eafie meanes : whereof it is more than admirable, that fuch
fhould either bee ib wilfuUie ignorant, or fo negligently
careleffe as not to be moved to irabrace, and fpeciallie,
fuch imployment as may fearch out commodities, to live
happilie, plentifullie, and at eafe.

Ought not everie man to regard, afwell to inlarge his
patrimonie, as that hee bee not chargoable to others, fo

farre

NEfV GALLOWAT.

fn.rro as hee may by his vertue and indullrie, in a lawful!
and honeft manner attaine vnto. Is not a lawfuU fearch
for fuch commodities, to bee preferred to an idle floath-
fulneffo ? and an honorable policie in a lawful! plantation
abroad, before vnlawful! monopolies, and wrangling fuites
of Law, by neighbour againft neighbour at home, impove-
rifliing thy felfe, and thy native Countrie, whereof thou
oughteft to bee a more profitable member ?

May not the fortunate fuccefle of the plantation of
Ireland, fo frelh and recent to all, whence fo great com-
modities are brought both to England and Scotland, and
whereby the Countrie it felfe is enriched, and rvee fo be-
nefited, bee inticements to induce vs to the like. The
venturous, and generous Spirites of refolute Gentlemen,
vnder-takers of this plantation, haue raifed their fortunes
worthie of honour; and by his Majefties favour, their
vertues rewarded with the titles of Earles, Vice-Countes
Lords, Barronets, and Knights, according to their qua-
lities, and his Majefties pleafure. The meaner fort, fuch as
artifanes, labourers of the ground, the greater part where-
of, were knowne to haue fcarce a competent meanes to
defraye the charges of their paffage thither, now pro-
moted to bee Gentlemen, and of great meaneu. And
why may not time produce as great efiedls to vertue, in
others who fliall follow her pathes with refolution : whers
as good occafions are offered, in a climate more tem-
perate, a Soyle more fertile, and farre exceeding in grea-
ter commof'''i'P8?

And laft, to fliake off the difficulties, and impedi-
raentes that may bee obje6led : as the dangeroufneffe of
Sea, the barrenneffe of the Soyle, and the vnwholefome-
neffe of the climate ; all which difcouragements might a-
ftoniihe forae with feare, and to thinke our expenffes,
and paines vnprofitable ; when as our endes Ihall bee vn-

C 3 poffible.

ENCOVRAGEMENTS FOR

poffible. I haue therefore heero taken a view that you may
generallie knowe and learne, what the Oountrie is, and her
commodities : the temperature of the climate : nature of the
natives : and the eafineffe of the paflage ; all which I fhall
briefly nmno over ; only to remove from before your feete
the Humbling blocks of impoffibilitie that may affright vs.

The Countrie it is called by the name of Cape Briton,
now Neio Galloway : new, not in refpe6l of the difcoverie
thereof, which to the judgment of men of knowledge and
vnderflanding is not new, but old ; for the much hath been
written thereof, yet new, not olde, becaufe of our new vn-
dertaking of that plantation. It is fituated bet\v!xt the de-
grees of 45. and 67. an Yland within the Sea, but vpon the
maine, fevered by the diftance of foure leagues in fome
parts, of two or three at other parts : and at others, lefle.

The Yland is in length fome 120. myles, and in breadth
80. myles or thereby: {landing South-eaft, and JSTorth-weft
to New Scotland; where the great river Canada ingorgeth
her felfe in the maine Ocean. Harbours there bee excee-
ding good on all fides, in moft part whereof are ancorage
for fhippes of all burthen. Yles there be about over-grown
with good timber of diverfe forts of wood ; all as yet not
difcovered except the Yle Sablon, which is full of woodes
and wilde beaftes, but without any people. The Land
is watered by foure maine rivers, full ot Salmond, and di-
verfe other fortes of fifhes. It hath plentie of fpringes of
fvveete waters. Towards the North-eall, Mountanous:
and toward the South- weft Caimpainge : promifing as rich
cntralles as anie other Kingdome to whom the Sunne is no
nearer neighbour. The ground in it felf fo fertile and good
as may equalize any of the Kingdomes that lyeth in the
hight of 45. 46. 47. Onlie this advantage I find in nature,
that they haue above this : they are bewtified by the long la-
bour &: diligence of induftrious people & airt : & this is only
as God made it, when he created the world, vncultured, plan-
ted & manured by men of induftry, judgment & experience.

;

■i

9-*

«
■ •

NEW GALLOWAY.

•• *'.

• #

•7 ••

The commodities which we Ihal reape from thence (hall
be great, for the Sealhall fweeten our labours with her bene-
fites, as the Land, and the Land afwoU as the Sea. The Sea
ihall reach vs vp her Whale, her turbot, her flurgion, cod,
haddocke, fmall ling, raakkerell, herring, mullet, pearch,
Eele, crab, lobfter, muskle, wilk, oyfter, and infinite others.
Fifh is the maine Staple, from whence is to be extradlcd, a
prefent commoditio to produce the reft : which howfoever
it may feeme meane and bafo, yet it is the Myne,and the Sea
is the fource of thefe fdvercd ftreames of all thefo vertues,
which hath made the Hollanders, the miracle of induftrie, &
patterne of perfection for thefe affaires : and the benefite of
filhing, is that Primum mobile that turneth all their Spheare
to this hight of plentie, ftrength, honour, and admiration.
The ground it will yeeld vs an admired varietie; fome wee
fhall haue that are merchantable, which, by the ferving for
ordinarie neceffars of the planters & inhabitantes, may yeeld
a fuperplus "ifficient, by way of traffick and exchange with
other nations, to enriche our felves the provyders ; fuch as
flaxe, hempe, which the Soyle doth yeeld of it felf not plan-
ted. For pitch, tai.e, rozen and turpentine, there bee thefe
kind of trees there, which yeeld them aboundantlie. Safla-
fras, called by the natives, winauk, a kind of wood of fweet
fmell, and of rare vertues in Phyfick. The Vine, it groweth
there wild. Oylo there may be there of two fortes : one of
walnuts ; and another of berries, like the ackornes which the
natives vfe. Furres of manie and diverfe kinds ; fuch as the
marterne, the otter, the black foxe, the luzernes, Deere skins,
bevers, wildcat, and manie others. Sweet gummes of di-
verfe kinds, and many other Apothecarie drugges. Dyes
of diverfe fortes : fuch as Ihoemake, for blacke : the feede of
an hearbe called vafebur, and a litle fmall roote called chap-
pacor, for red : & for blew, the herbe woad, a thing of great
vent and vfe at home for Dy ers, and many other commodi-
ties merchantable, which by anting may be raifed.

Other

-4 /JO

ENCOVRAGEMENTS FOR

li I

Other coraraodities there are, which the ground doth
yeeld va for vi6luall and fuftenance of mana life, and v-
fuallio feddo vpon by the natnrall inhabitanta: for it la
knowne to bee fo fertile, aa without queftion capable of
producing of any graine, fruite, or roote, or feede you
will fowe, or plant, growing in any other region of the
fame hight. The grainea are maze, which we call Guinio
wheat, according to the countrio from whence the like
hath beene brought, and thia graine ia much about the
bigneffe of our ordinario peafe. There ia alfo beanea,
called of the nativea Oknigier : and peafe called by them,
Wickonzour. They haue porapions, millona, and gourda,
and an herbe called melden, growing foure, or five footc
high, of the feede they make a thicke broth, and potago
of a good tafte, and of the flalke, by burning it in allies
they make a kinde of fait earth, wherewith they feafon
their brothea, other fait they know not. They haue the
hearbe Tobacco, called by the nativea Vppowoc, in great
plentie. Fruitea they haue of fundrie forta : aa chef-nuts,
walnutea, grapea, medlara, mulberriea, goofe-berries, ref-
picea, ftraw-berriea, plummea, currans, or a fruite like cur-
rans. Rootes they haue of diverfe kindes ; Openauk, a
kinde of roote, of a round forme and bigneffe of walnuta,
which beeing boyled or fodden, are verie goode meate :
Okeepauke, another roote found in drye ground, which
they eate with fiflie or flefli : Tfinaw, a roote like the chi-
na-roote, growing together in cluftera, of thia roote they
make bread. Of beafts ; they haue Deere red, and fallow,
conies, blacke foxes, and others, bevera, beares, wilde-
cats, otters, marternea, luzernea, allanea, wolvea, fquirella,
anu v beaft called Mooa, bigger than a Stagge. For fowie
they haue the turkie, the goofe, the ducke, the flcoldrake,
the cran, the teale. Eagles, Falcona, marlin-hawkes.

And finallie are thofe other commodities, as are behove-
full for thofe, which fliall plant and inhabite to know of:

fuch

^ - •• •• •
• •• •" ,

^. 1 r.

NEH^ GJLLOWAT.

s •

# •

fiich .18 oakoB, aftie, elme, firre, the pine, and afcopo :
which is a kinde of tree Hke the Lauroll, the barkc
whereof, is hotte in tafto, and fpycie: hazell, phinie-
treo, wahuit-tree, ehefnut-troe, and manic others, which
I omitt to reliearfe. For to make mention of the fevo-
.all bcaftes, birdes, filhes, fruites, flowrcs, gummca,
rootes, fweete woodes, trees, hoarbs, and others com-
modities, wherewith the ground is fo naturalhe, and fo
plentifulHe enriched, and ftored withall ; I ihould fill vp
Decads : but referring thefe to the relations of fuch a§ hath
fuUie collected the varieties of them, I come to the tem-
perature of the climat.

The nature of the Climate wee mayc eafilie conclude
from the hight whereinto it is fituated ; beeing in the 45.
46. and 47. which is as temperate, and as fruitful! as a-
nio other paralell in the World ; and anfwerable to thefo
fruitful! partes in France, which are accompted the gar-
den of Europe; PoiShu, and Anjou : and where is that fa-
mous river of Loyre, adorned with fo manie faire, fo an-
cient, and populous Cities: and manie other notable,
and famous Kingdomes : as you maye looke in the vni-
verfall Mappe, becaufe I meane not to bee tedious : and
fo having there fuch excellent temperature of the aire at
all feafons, much warmer than heere, and never fo vo-
hementlie hotte as it is vnder, and betwixt the Tropicks,
or neere them, wee neede not thinke of vnwholelbme-
neffe.

And now for the Paffage : Is not the navigation knowne
to bee fliort, as fufficientlie experimented to have beene
performed with an ordinarie winde in eighteene dayes.
and in as much backe againe ? how manie Dutch, Englijh
and French goe yeerelie there for filhing on the coafte,
and backe againe to their great commodities and profitc :
and by the waye wee neither fliall haue lee flioare, ene-
mies, coaft, rocke, nor fands, all which in other voyages

D and

ENCOVRAOEMENTS FOR

and in our coaflings at ||«|||i tf«» are fnbjeft vnto.

And now latt, it roftotli I IpMlke a wordo of the na-
ture of tho People, in fo farro as you mayc; knowy, liow
litlo they are to boo feared, in refped of troubling our
inhabiting and planting.

They are a people fo fowe, fo pooro, fo bafo, fo in-
civile, and fo favage, as wanting both multitude, po-
wer, or airte to harme vh. They are cloathed with loofo
mantles, made of Deere skinnes, caften roundo about
their middles, the rea of their bodie all naked, of fuch
ilature onelio as woe are heere, having no edge toolos,
nor weapons of yron, nor fteele to offende vs, neither
knowe t' y ho»^ to make anie, nor howe to vfe them.

Thefe weapo. which they have, are onelie Bowes
made of Hazel) md arrowes of reedes : flat edged trun-
cheons alfo of wood, about a yarde long : neither haue
they anio thing to defer .^ 3 themfelves, but targes made
of barkes, and fome armour made of flickes wickered
together with threed. In number they are verie fewe,
in twentie myles, fcarce threefcore people. Townes in
the countrie are verie rare, and fmall : containing fewe
inhabitants : and hee is a Viroan, or great Lord, that hath
the government of one to^ne. There houfes are li-
tle, made of fmall poles, and faft at the toppes in round
forme, in mofte parte covered with barkes. If there
flioulde fall out anie Warres betwixt vs and them, what
fight coulde there bee, wee having advantages againft
them, fo manie manner of wayes : it maye bee eafilie i-
magined, by our difcipline, our ftrange weapons, efpe-
ciallie, our Ordinance great, a ^ fmall. And by the
experience that others hath hr.d ^ u m rljsre, in pla-
ces more populous than this of /ii ;> v !, ..re the tfking

of them-felves to their heeles, w;,.h
againil them.

\(h beft duiience

NEfV FALLOW AT.

So fooing you mayo perceive, what the Countno '\%,
and how fituatod: the aire how temperate, and whole-
foino ? the Soylo how fertile, and what affliionco it dootb
yetildo of cominoditie ? the natives how both fo fewo,
and fo harmclelfe? and the paflago, howo fo eafio, and
fo fre(iucnthe exporiiuented ? I hope there reniaineth no
caufo whereby tlie a6lion ihould bee mifliked.

Thus referring ray relation to your favourable con-

itrudtions : the fucceUb of tlio a6lion to Him, who is to

bee acknowledged the Author and Governour, not onlie

of this, but of all thingcs clfe : and thefe my fubf('((u iit

Offers, which I have freelie, and willinglie

granted, as helpcs, <and furtherances for

your encouragement to fo good a

Worke; yee maye pervfe, and

onelie imbraco as you ihall

thinke your felves

difpofed.

t)2

THE

THE OFFERS

to bee granted to the

Adventurers in the new plantation of

CAPE BRITON, now called

hy ihe name oi New Galloway

in AMERICA,

LOCHINVAR.

ARTICLE I.

For Minifters.

THAT the bleffing of GOD may accom-
panie vs in our indevoures ; without whofe
gratious, and mercifull affiftance, wee can
not have happie, nor profperous lucceffe
in our affaires. For the Minifters of the
Worde of God ; fuch as Ihall bee the fa-
vours of CHRIST for the gaine of Soules : and to pro-
pagate his Trueth : and enlighten thofe that are captivate
in Ethnicke darkneffe : and for the vfe, and exercife of
true Rehgion amongeft our felves ; I doe wilUngUe, and
freeUe graunt and offer as foUoweth,

1. Their pafTage from Scotland vnto the faid Land
of New Galloway lliali be free vnto them, with-
out payment of any frauglit, either for themfelves,
D 3 their

ENCOVRAGEMENTS FOR

their wiues, and children, if they anie haue, and
their neceffare houfhold ftuffe: which all (hall
bee tranfported thither vnto them, into mine
owne Shippes, and vpon mine owne charges. •

2. They fliall haue their entertainment of mee, their

wiues, and children as faide is, in their whole
paffage on the waye thither.

3. For their maintenance, and their fo^efaids beeing

there : I ftiall giue them entertainment for the
fpace of the firft three yeeres, induring the in-
fancie of our Church there : and howe foone it
Ihall pleafe GOD that our number bee increa-
fed, that our Companies maye bee divided in
Paroches, that then a competent meanes fliall be
alloted vnto each Minifter in his feverall charge,
as fliall bee found expedient for their places.

4. For their aflifl;ance in fuch things as belongeth

vnto them in their callings : I fliall haue a fpeciall
care to fee, that fuch reverence, and refpe6l be
had vnto them, as appertaineth vnto their place
and calling : and fliall fee fuch goode order, as
by them fliall bee fette downe for reformation
of life, and manners, duelie obeyed and perfor-
med, by caufmg the tranfgreflburs, and contem-
ners of the fame bee feverelie puniflied.

ARTICLE II.

THAT everie one of fuch as fliall be vnderta-
kers, fliall giue his oath of alledgeance : and fliaU
all conforrae themfelves in Religion, according to his Ma-

jefties

NEfV GALLOWAT.

jellies Lawes, and manner profeffed within the King-
dome of Scotland.

''A

ARTICLE III.

For Gentlemen, and others vndertakers : what I
JJicdl bee obliged to performe vnto them.

ITEM, for the helpes, and furtherances of fo gene-
rous, and well-difpofed vndertakers as Ihall wiUing-
lie vnder-goe the hazard, and irabrace the enterpryfe : I
ihall performe the particulars in everie point vnto them,
as followeth,

1. For then: pafTages: everie vnder-taker fhall bee

tranfported, himfelfe, his wife, children, & fer-
vants, his whole houfliold ftuffe, and their pro-
vifion of vi6lualles for their intertainment, fuch
as meale, malt, beefe, &c. and fuch as they ihall
pleafe to provide to fuilaine them for a whole
yeere : Together with as much cornes, as they
Ihall bee able to fowe vpon their Lands, the iiril
yeere : and that all, and together paffage free,
into mine Shippes, from Scotland vnto the faid
countrie of New Galloway.

2. Beeing thither by GODS mercifuU aifiilance,

and providence tranfported, to bee eftablifhed
and placed in the Land : each man according to
his qualitie, as followeth : The landed Gentle-
man vndertaker, Ihall haue his Landes granted
vnto him in fee, and heritage to himfelfe, and
his fucceiTours for ever, to bee holden of mee,
my heires, and fucceifoures in New Galloway, in

manner

ENCOURAGEMENTS FOR

manner as they holde their Lands in Scotland of
our Soveraigne Lord, the King his Majeftie, ei-
ther by feaw, wairde, or blanfli, and ihall grant
the fame vnto them in quantitie, according to e-
verie one of their qualities and raeanes. And for
tennants, and farmorers, their landes fliall bee
granted vnto them in Lace, everie one of them
to have three Life-rents, and a nyneteene yeere
Tacke thereafter, conforme to their power, and
raeanes, and performance of the conditions of
the rent after mentioned.

3. And further more that their helpes, and fur-

therances maye haue a competent time to e-
ftabhflie them-felves in their eftates, and that
their meanes may the better increafe : each vn-
dertaker of the plantation ofJVew Galloway fhall
bee free from the payment of any duetie for his
Landes, for all and whole the fpace of the firft
three yeeres.

4. For their affurance of a fecuritie, and peaceable

quietnefl'e in the poffeffion of their Landes in
New Galloway, whereof they bee vndertakers :
I fliall finde fufficient caution, and furetie vnto
each one of them within the Shyre where hee
dwelleth in Scotland, that whatfoever his goods
or geare thither tranfported, and placed vpon
the ground of the faids Landes, fhall bee taken
from him by violence, of the natives, or for-
raine Nations, that the double thereof fliall bee
payed and refounded againe vnto him in Scotland,
or to his heires, executours, or affignayes.

5. And

NEfV GJLLOWjiT.

And for artifanes and craftef-men, fuch as Tay-
lors, Shoe-makers, Smyths, Wrights, Webllers,
Wakers, Millers, &c. their paffages ftiall bee
made free vnto them without tiie payment of a-
nie fraught ; and likewife the rents of their lands
fliall bee free vnto them, induring their owne life-
times : and for their fucceffours, they ihall bee
kept in the cafe, and eftate of tenants and farmo
rers, and Ihall haue their Laces of their Lands
granted vnto them, as is fet downe in the Arti-
cle for Tennants,

ARTICLE IIIL •

What the Vnder-takers fhall performe vnto mee.

FOR the whole duetie of my Landes, charges, and
expenffes to [be] beftowed by mee in my ihipping
and other provifion : I fliall bee contented to receive from
everic one of the faid vndertakers, the thirteenth parte
of that increafe, and commoditie, which their Lands fhall
bee made worthie vnto them in the faid plantation : And
that I fliall not require to bee payed vnto mee in moneyes,
but only in fuch commodities, as the Soyle fliall affoord :
fuch as cornes, fiflies, furres, &c.

AN D laft, I defire that all fuch, as fliall imbrace the
forefaids offers, may come vnto mee before the firft
day of December next, and giue vp their names, and a
note of fuch things as they defire to bee carried with them,
whereby I may provide for them, conforme to my pre-
ceeding offers, and they received everie one, and placed
according to the order as they firft, come : fo that all thinges
may bee duelie provyded, and had in readineffe againft
the due time and feafon of fetting out.

E And

CONCLVSION.

AND thus (Right Noble, andworthie Countrie-mert)
have I vnfolded the reafons of my refolution to
vndertake this enterpryfe, which if I hadde not
thought to be both Chriftian, honorable, honeft, eafie,
and profitable ; I fliould never Lave attempted. And I
have further for the encouragement of all fuch as are
well-willers vnto the Worke, made offer of fuch helps,
and furtherances as may teftifie my willingneffe to pro-
fecute the fame. Defiring yet againe all noble and gene-
rouflie well-difpofed Gentlemen, to confider with mee,
onelie our eftates in thefe dayes, and how wee Hand in
our families, from the greateft, to the fmalleft : and com-
pare them with our Predeceffours, who did keepe great
honou^, credite, and eftimation ; which in fo great a mea-
fure is decayed, and diminifhed in vs. Now let vs com-
pare our felves with Citizens nof, whofe credite wee
fee doeth furpaffe ours, although wee bee above them,
both in qualitie and richeffe. Whence is this woorth
of theirs, but from their induftrie, and trueth; which
beareth them out both to this credite, and refpedt, af-
well at home, as abroad ?

Were it not (then) better in thefe our dayes for vs
to imitate the foot-fteppes of vertue in the Italians, that
thinketh it neither diflionourable, nor difparagement vn-
to their greateft Princes, their Dukes, Marqueffes, and
Countes, to make themfelves great, and get their patri-
monies inlarged by their hazards at Sea ? It is their glo-
rie to bee vertuous ; and may condemne our diffolutions

and

NEfV GALLOWAY.

and idleneffe, that may aa eafilie bee great, by fiich ho-
neft and honourable endevoures.

But yet let vs come a litle nearer vnto our felves ; and
fee the diftreffes afwell amongft the great, as the fmall,
throughout the whole Kingdome: and what inereafe
there is of debts amongil vs in thefe dayes, never heard
of before amongft our Predeceffoures, wee fliall finde,
that if wee foUowe not fome other induftrious manner
of waye, to relieve them, then by menaging, in what-
fome-ever, and beft forme wee can, our revenues, that
they fliall never bee relieved.

There are three thinges that troubleth our eftates
that wee cannot live as our Predeceflbures did before vs :
Firft, the prodigalitie, both in our felves, our fervants,
and our houfes. Secondlie, wee have not fuch occafi-
ons, and vfes at home for the Brethren, and fecond fonnes
of our houfes to get them preferment as of old. Third-
lie, that vniverfall plague of Cautionarie, throughout
the whole Kingdome, whereby their is fuch a generall
intercourfe of diftreffe, each one for another, as all are lin-
ked into it : which all in following out fuch honorable,
and honeft indevoures abroad might bee remedied. I
fpeake not of the favoured Courteour, nor of the fortu-
nate Statef-man, for they have their owne bleffinges from
GOD, and favour of their Mnfter in their feverall pla-
ces : but vnto fuch, my noble friends, and Countrie-gen-
tlemen, fuch as my felfe is, and fo diftreffed as I am ;
and fpeaking out of mine owne experience ; protefting
that cautionarie hath beene vnto me ; vpon mine honour,
and credite, the value of an Hundreth thoufand pounds ;
which any imployment abroad, either in the fervice of
my King, or my Countrie, might haue fpared vnto me,
and bettered the eftate of mine Houfe. Neither doe I
fpeake fo farre of my felfe, for want of abilitie to doe
mine owne bufmeffe, which I praife GOD is knowne

E2 to

El^COVRJGEMENTS FOR

-ee the oftattfl,:' Ki JaZ: "^^ ''^''^™"''^' '>°™ ^
in ^'"? ^,f '"'*''' <^'>""'™"<en) let V8 lay thefe two thi„«,

Lawes, to all reafon inH T f • ' ^'"S' ""'

as ilivM ■.!^ A • , . "^""""'""e = to bee captivate

Itrfir > '" '"'"''^""^ P""""-. *" Mffle with
our perfons when our goods hath failed vs : and efpeciallie

:h"„f r-T'i^r "^'^ ""-^ tin^ct:

diftreff^H j^ T '"'* ""g^g'd 'hemfelves, to be

And T r» "'■ '^" "'"'■ "^^ ™prifonment8.
ternrift t f >? ''^\f<''''"« Flotation: which to o„-
terpnfe ,s fo honourable; to profecuto fo pofflble- to
purchafe fo lawfull, and when'attainod, foCfitable
No whofoever fluU reafon againft the fame^fpedali;

thf abfe/jf ?v ■ " *'"' """'"8 »f «">?««««. or
the abjea of frugahtie : and Ihall either become for ever

the proftrtute of infamie, or confecrated t„ I 7 u
oblivion = and when hee il dealt XChiTant

ctrTr„''to'b"'*" "" T* ''™f''«" »<» -f h-Tan
TeL hT '''^'^"™'''^'^, that remembrance fhall

the Curf! of".;^"""? "' *''^ ^^"'^ »f Ws Countrie,
the Curfo of h,s Kmred : and an vnthrift for himfelfe.

But I fpeake not to f, h a crew, whofe bafenefle I
knowe cannot climbe to furmount the meaneft imagLed
drfficult.e, that may arife. I fpeake to fuch noble Spt
rites and generous rnindes, in whom doeth ftine the light
of knowledge to difcorne the differences between a blfe

fecuritie

NEW GALLOWAY.

I'ecuritie and honourable adlions, vice and vertue, ftupi-
ditie, and true worth : and who in end fliall not miffe to re-
joyce in the enjoying the fruita of their labours in them-
felves, and their names to bee honoured with a perpetu-
all remembrance.

And if wee would ftudie to bee remembred in our po-
fterities, heere is offered the occafion to infert vs in the
bookes of memorie : for if wee would portion our fecond
children in a plantation, and fuch as in nature wee are
bound to helpe, and adv.ince: both (hall wee bee re-
membred in their ever-living fucceflions, throughout all
enfueing ages: and they provyded in a competent bee-
ing and raeanes for thcm-felves, and theirs, and to bee
thereafter proffitable for their King and Oountrie : which
is better, than either to be kept at home bafelie, & fliort
of that which is befeeming their birth, and qualitie : or
to bee fent to the fervice of the Warres of forraine Prin-
ces, and to be cutted away by the fword, and then ne-
ver more againe remembred: an^ for fo fmall meanes,
as thereby yee can furnifli themfelves both in rayment,
and foode.

Imbrace then the honours of Plantation. Doe wee
dreame of difficulties ? then knowe ; that it is out of the
greateft difficulties, that fpring the greateft honours : &
it is that Knight -hood, which is gotten vnder the ban-
ner of a King, and in the Fieldes which is moll honoura-
ble ; and not that, which wee acquire by our moneyes ;
as the moft part is now a-dayes. And that our adtions
may both renowne vs, and beget vs moneyes, wee may
fee in the examples that I haue fette before your eyes,
both of forraine nations, and of our own Countriemen, in
their late plantations of Ireland, their eftates now, their
dignities, their honours, their credite, and their riches:
and what they were knowne to haue beene before.

But thefe I leave to your judgments : onelie now, to

make

It:!

ENCOVRAGEMENTS FOR. S,'r.

make an end, I muft cntreate thee (Nohle and courteous
Read r) to excufo my froeneffo in this my homelio dii"-
courfe, which I perfwado my felfe the generous minde
will allowe of: and for the bafe, the fimple and the vi-
tious ; I doe not care for their cenfure, onelie I wiftie it
were a fpurre to drawe them to more vertue. As for the
rudenefle of my fpeach, I hope none will except, where-
in I profeffe no airt, if fimplie I publifli my good mea-
ning and earneft affeftion to fo goode a Worke. And
wherein their is defeft in mee, I hope the purpofe Ihall
bee better inlarged by him, whofe Pen is more than
knowne to bee famous, the principall A^or in the bufi-
neffe, and to whom I principallie dedicate this my trea-
vife : and to bee feconded by the vertues of thefe the No-
blemen, and thefe worthilie honoured Gentle-men, the
Knights Baronets,' Vnder-takers of fo faire defignes: fo
that nowe I ceafe with my penne, but never
with my Sword to doe them fervice for
the advancement of fo good a Worke.

* * *
FINIS.