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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mithode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 MICROCOPY RESOlUTION TEST CHART ANSI jnd ISO TEST CHART No 2i 1.0 1^ ||2.8 2.5 ,"' III 32 n o i" llta 2.2 I.I 1: i^ - ^ I4S .2:0 III 1.8 1.25 1.4 llll^^^ 1.6 A APPLIED IM/ 1 GE Inc ~.^ - cfe-let. Ut* lofk U60& uSA '-^ "6 482 - 0300 - Phone S^ "ol 288 - 5989 - Fo, > \ PROTESTAUT COMMITTEE. Protestant Universities and Superior Scliools IV RKI.ATIDS TO TIIK PROFESSIONS AND PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATIONS. Extract of Minutes of Meeting of Protestant >, jmmittee, Council of Public Instruction, held on Wednesday, 30th March, 1887. " ile.so//'e^/,— That the Report of the Sub-Committee named to consider Lhe relation of Protestant Universities and Protes- tant Superior Schools to the Professions and Professional Examinations be adopted with the exception of that por- tion which may be supposed to raise the question of the constitutionality of Section 4!t of the Act 49-50 Vict., Cap. 34, being an Act respecting the Bar of the Province of Quebec, "which in the opinion of this Committee requires further consideration. " And with the aforesaid reserve that the said report be placed in the hands of the Premier of this Province. " And, in addition thereto, that the Secretary of the Com- mittee be requested to draw up a statement setting forth the extent to which the Course of Study now followed in the Protestant Schools in this Province is affected by the provisions of said section." Er.soN I. Rexford, Secretary. Pr( He righ iiriit Trot Con Uisli beci: us w the ' set £ refei lnwi will ia tl impi Que the Que liyl vine deci test lion Protastant Committee of the Conicll of PiiMc Instruction. / J Ueport of Sub-Committee on the relation of the Prcl.'stant Universities and Protestant Superior Schools to the Pro- fessions and Professional Examinations : — Complaint is made that tlic liar Act of tlie last session has iafringed on the rights and privileges of the Protestant Minority in this Province, as regards Ed- iiiution. liy tli"^ Aet both the general sygtem of education, regulated liy the Protestant Coramittee of the Council of Public Instruction, and the general Course of Study followed in the Proteitant Univereiticg, (McGill ('ollcge and Bishop's College,) as well as the Special Law Courne of these Institutions, have been interfered with, and are now endangered. In order to attain to a clear understanding of the question raised, it will be as well to consider :— 1. What are the righU and privileges secured to the Protestant Minority by the Confederation Act (.The British North American Act, 1867) ? 2. In what respects have these rights and privileges been infringed upon or set aside '.' The following extract from the CoufederaUon Act gives in full the clauses referring to Education :— "Sec. 93. In and for each Province the Legislatui 1 may exclu.sively make laws in relation to education, subject and according to ti e following provision! : 1. Nothing in any such law shall prejudically affect any right or privilege with respect to denominational schools, which any class of persons have, bylaw, in the Province at the Union. 2. All the powers, privileges and duties of the Union, by law conferred and imposed in Upper Canada on the separate schools and schoool trustees of the Queen's Roman Catholic subjects, shall ho and the same are hereby extended to the dissentient schools of the Queen's Protestant and Roman Catholic subjects in Quebec. 3. Where in any Province a system of separate or dissentient -hools exists by law at the Union, or is thereatter established by the Legislate . '" the Pro- vince, an appeal shall lie to the Governor-General in Council from ;ny act or decision ot any Provincial Authority affecting any right or privilege of the Pro- testant or Uomfin Catholic Minority sf the Queen's subjecU in relation to educa» tion. H 4 In r«8.. any ,>u:h Provincial law, as from lime to time leems to the Gov- .•r..or.(.,..H.ral ,n <'„muil irquigit. for the due ...xo.ution oft),,, provision* of thi^ si-ot.on, IS not „m,|., or in ewe any .leci.i.,,. oCthe (i..v..rno>-(J.n..ral in (.'ounril un any app.al un.l.T this 8...,.,ion is not duly eKe.nte,! by the proper Provincial .\n.l,„r,.y „ ,Ut l.-hair, then and in every surU ca,e, and us far onlv uj the cir- jMnnstan,M.soleach ruse re,,nire, the Parliament of Canada may n.ak,. renu-dial uw. ,or . he due ..x.Mutu.n of the provision, ..f this se-tion, and of any decision o the Govern jr-(ieneral in Council uiidir this section. ' It l8 clear from these provisious that the ditlcrenees known toevin iu the sev..,al I'rov.nees on the .abject of education were recognised, and that wh.lo j;mu.,n, pov„.r to ea< h Proviuee to make its o. u laws in relation to education, tlie riKhls ol Minorities were to bo respected and maintained. Clause 1 guards denominational aehooU estubliihcd in the Pro- vince at the I'nion. Clause 2 provi.lea that the power.s. privileges and duties con- erred and imposed at the |T„ion in Upper Canada on Roman Caiho- K-s, shall be and ate extended to dissentient schools, Roman C'atho- lie or I'rotestant, in yuebeo. Clauses 3 and 4 give the right of appeal to the (iovernor-tJen. eial, and power to make remedial laws to the Parliament of Canada 111 ease of need. •Vow un.ler Clause I, the Universities must be classed • K-ighiiid trr*''^ ' "" '""'"""" """"^" ""^ «"^"-' 'y '"^ ^•'-cb of 2. McGill College is essentially Protestant 3. Laval is essentially a Roman Catholic Institution. Therefore no law should be or ought to have been pissed, likely to alfect prejuihcally the rights or privileges of any of these Institutions Selecting in the first instance, th. Dar as a profession which ha. obtained ,s,. cal honors trom the Legislatuiv, let u.s examine itH position at the Pnio' u relation to Jducalian. ' 'i'';f "'^■- Act ofl,'^.i,;,2«-;(0Vict„ cap. 27, was in tone at the time of Con Sec. 2« ,„„cril., 11„„ ev,rv (■„„„■( .,■ „ &«,„„ „„„ aak, ||,,|.,,, ,„ „ s::;:';:„!r;;:r '"""""^""" ""- ■--■■^ •''■"""" ''''';■"■' nf)e vearJI;:'!;;!;.:;::!?;'' '"^"^'^'■^:'- ^•-"'>-« l>-^tised more than live V ar. as Ad>ou»tes ^^ere to be appointed as a Committee toexaraino Candidates- The re(|uirements for practice (Vide Sec. 2, P. i.) "That he has studied regularly and without interuption under a Notarial ' 1. i iL I ...reoment a. a Clerk an-l Student with a practmlnR Aavocato dur-K four con- ..^utive ye..r«; or thrre con,ccu.ivc years if helm, follo^e.l » rr«u.ar an.1 ,:,. etc Course of Law in a University or In.urporaled CoUegc. ... v.h.ch each Course of Law is established, which Ooun,.- of Law shall h.- sul.ject to the pro- visions hon-inafter contained ; and that he has taken a /><--/r.. "' '"^l'^ InivcMsity or Inrorpora.od ColleKe ; and such Course of Law may he followed at the 8a.ne time that the Students is serving his time of Study under Articles. •. .. Tie (iorrrnor from time to time r.iay rciuire of all Universities of Incor- porated Colleges claiming to have estahUshod therei.. such a Course ot Law, a Rn>orlJull,, ,hemn.j th: MaiUd n.,,uremaa> of,uch Cmr.., and by t.rder ... (.oun- cil he may declare his approval thereof if the same are docued «""<;!;''^' ';''; „,„„ ,,r^Ll.'such olhrandturlhrr r.r,u,rement, as may be deemed ht and no . \ diploma or degree in Law r hail avail under this Section unless granted .n Con- ) (ormity with the rffiuiremeuts of Huch Order in Council.' Such were the Ra. regulations at the t.mo of Confederation. After Con- tV.leration the Mar Act was amended ia ?8«». 32 Vict., Cap. 27, Sec. 18 of this Act, is interesting as dehning the meaning of ■' Liberal Education." It reads as follows ;— The Liberal Education required for admission to the study of the Law shall include a Complete Course of Classical study, viz :- " Latin rudimcnu, Syntax, Method. Versification, Bellus-lettroi, Uhetonc and IM.ilosophy inclusive, or any other ComplHe Cour.e of Cta,.ical mdy taught m In- cor,oraUdCoUe.je>, Seminaries or UmcerMe,:' No change or attempt to change the Sutus of I'rotesunts in the rights a.id privileges of the Unive.siue8 was made under this Act. In 1881 the Bar Acts were Consolidated and changes of importance were then made Under section 33 of this Act the (/'Hfral Council of the Bar is substituted for h the Council of a Section in the control of the Examination and qualifications of I I Candidates for Admission to the Study of Law, and by section .(3 it is provided ' ; I that in addition to the Liberal Education hitherto deemed sufficient the Candidate ■ / '• must pass a written and oral examination" on the subjects indicated in a pro- gramme printed and published under their (the Examiners,) supervision or that of the Council » These changes seem to your Sub-committee a direct mfrimjement ot the nghU and privileges of the Protestant minority, as will bo explained below. Lastly we come to the Bar Act of 1886-the Act of last Session-49.50 Vict., Cap. 34. By this Act further aggressive action is taken in favor of the General Council. Vide Sec. 41 and following. We find that under Sec. 40 the 6'«ni"raZ Com/ic.7 is substituted for the Zi>«r i/i" Wh,! ■ Di^iiiiimm on which the Universities could b-j represenied. so that the I'niveisity deKieea in Medicine and Surjfery as well as ihe l/uense to praiti.ee would follow the results of this E.xamination. In this way the lone and stains of the lu-otessiou would be raised, and the C!. -M. M. I), of Canada, would rank with any like dej,'iec in the world. Hut failing; this I'loader view of tlie (|iiesti(in, yiiiv Sub-Committee See no advantn^io in tlie ehanjrc fnini the [iresent system. As to tiie examination for Ad- mi.ssiou to Study, it is puicly a general Kdiiealional ipieslion, not ii teehuicul one, and your Sub-Corarnittee deprecate any interfereuoe on the part of professional bodies in the matter of (leiieial Kluiation as followed in I'rotejtant Schools nnder tlio eoutrol.of the Trotestant t'omniittee. All that any professional body is entitled to claim is that t'andicbiti •Study should bo proved to have had a Liberal I'.dueatioii. It must bo clear to every thinking mind that priTilcgys con- ferred upon members ot a profossion in their Coriionite capacity are so conferred in the interests of the public. They are not fir the private benelit of the mem- bers of such profession. The Legal, the Medical and other professions are no doubt very important bodies to whom are committed the fortunes and lives of the citizens generally, mid special obligations as well as great privileges are imposed and confenvil on them lor the public benclil It is therefore a matter in which the general public arc concerned that due care should be exerciseil as to the aduiis- >;t >;f lion of Ciuiiliilut.'rt Ixitli I.. Ill' -ttii'lt iiihl |.i.i. ii. . yl t\w*v proff^fHioii. lint lli.t Uwnv jirtifcHxliiiiiil lM)clii -I hImmiIiI I» .tiio rioio- r,>t,)nrnim.' of i'u>li prolc-'Mori. I» u ino-i.mron.' vil wliicli nci'iN onl* to Iio UUMilioiii"! to lir conilrraiii'il .So limgiiii thr l.ieiitcniinl-dovi'rnKr in I'lmiu'll— ill'- ll'ii'l ol tlii' Stuti — y%- iTcirtod a powor on bi'hulloC tlie <'iti/..n'< at hirm', nil wu-. well, in.irr rript-ciiilly M it WHS iiiidcwtooil tlmt tlii-rc would 1.- m< interfrrcnc* exct-pt in cine of *onw iicly il.4 v.iv nalniv :iiiil constitnti'Mi, musl be cotuiilfriMl oni'sidnl ami i.iirtlal. n ini the I'licv of it opi II to very gi'rious'objection. Thr iiiiiKir li(!« in tin; fart tlmt the proiiorlioii of I'rotcBtaiits to Uoiiian »'«• tliolics in tliij l'ro\inrc i^ only ih one to *\\, ami by the Conntitution of tbo (Scn- iTul Council of the IJar. tlmt body will bav.- a large number of Its nienibers, p«'r- hapg all, Ilotiian Ciilliolicg. There wft:i a certain nmount ot .lan^'L-r «lien the control lay with t'.i) Coiin- ciUof Sr. tiona. lint us in Protestant ilistrid-i there waa a tolerable certainty ol I'l-oleslaiit reprcDPiitation in the Council, there was nothiuK HirionH in thii dan^'er. Hut the proK'ranitne ol the General Council ignores I'roi, tant Education iil- tov'etherby tlie introdnelion of subjects extramoiH to the syatein. They put iisiile the well known fuM that so diverse are the syatems of Roman (Catholics and l'rofe..«/,— There is a difference in the subjc^^a included in the two courses, For example, — The subject of '^ritiloxopliy," which forms a prominent fea- ture in Roman Catholic Superior Schools, is entirely unknown as a school sub- ject among Protestants. Sfcuud, — The order in which the several subjects of the course are presented to the student is quite different in the two courses. Klcmentary mathematics, which oomcs in at a very early stage in Protestant Schools is postponed to a much later point in Roman Catholic Institutions. ThtrtI, — There is a marked difference in the two courses as to the relative importance attached to the different subject", as indicated by the marks given for the several subjects and by the percentage required to pass according to the Bar Examination. For ]'hilosopfiy two liundred and fifty marks arc given and half marks are required to pass, whereas for the five subjects — Arithmetic, Alge- bra, Geometry, Chemistry and Physics- -only two hundred and fifty marks are ?H07^ir pa 10 g'VOD, and oni' (|iiartcr of total marks and oue-Sfventh marks in each subject are re(|uired for passing Hucli a system of niarkinj: bears very heavily upon candi- dates from Protestant Superior Schools which i,Mve prominence to the last five subjects and omit '' I'hilosophy." It is eviiient from these references, which could be multiiilicd, that the aiMion of the Council of ibe Bar and all similar action, is a serious interference with our Protestant Superior Schools. I'mler the circumstances it seems only right and reasonable to demand, on the ]iart of these institutions, that these didieultics be removed, either first by pioviding two separate examinations Imsed upon the Courses "f Study followed in the Roman Catholic and Protestant Institutions re- spectively, or, second, by having one examination so far as the Courses of Study are in common, and allowing options when the two courses diverge.