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f $ati ©Iriisit^iitiflm reiiihittg. ' 
 
 A LECTURE, 
 
 DELIVERED IN 
 
 (11)0 €l)ttrcl} of lljc i^oli} ®tinit2, doronto, 
 
 ri 
 
 ox THE DAY OF PUBLIC THANKSGIVING FOR THE 
 RESTORATION OF PEACE. 
 
 (WEDNESDAY, JUNE 4tii, 185G.) 
 
 BY 
 
 HENRY SCADDING, D.D., 
 
 {Of the CoUege of SI. John the Evangelist, Cambridge,) 
 
 IXCl'MBENT OF THE CHURCH, AND CHAF' «N TO THE BISHOP OF TORONTO, AC. *f. 
 
 TORONTO: 
 MACLEAR & CO., KING STREET EAST. 
 
 1856. 
 
 ^» 
 
 <3 
 
 ^'1 
 
 *^* Published in aid of the fund for the erection of a School-House to be attached 
 to the Free Church of the Holy IHniiy, Toronto, 
 
ON TI 
 
i §u)i ^h'ixtenbflm I'fJiilitiig. 
 
 A LECTURE, 
 
 HKr.lVKRni) IN 
 
 dljc €\)mc[) of ll)c i^oln ®viniln, (Toronto, 
 
 ON THE DAY OF PTIBLTC THANKSGIVING FOK THE 
 RESTOIIATION OF PEACE. 
 
 (WEDNESDAY, JUNE 4'rn, 185G.) 
 
 BY 
 
 HENRY SCAPDING, D.D., 
 
 (0/ the Oilege of St. John the. Ecangelist, Cambridge,) 
 
 INCUMUENT OF THK CHURCH, AND CHAPLAIN TO THE BISHOP OP TORONTO, *C, kc. 
 
 '.a 
 
 TORONTO: 
 MACLEAR & CO., KING STREET EAST. 
 
 185G. 
 
A LECTUUE. 
 
 "Coino from tlio I'mir winds, (> IJieatli, ami Itn'atlic ujx n tlioso .slain, 
 that they may live." — Hzckicl, xxxvii : ',i. 
 
 The prophet Ezekiel is led by divine impnlp} into an open valley 
 wiiere lie innumerable luunt'.n bones, dry ai.d blancheil. lie is 
 l)Idden to prophesy — to utter a message from God — over these bones : 
 " IJehold I will cause breath to cntei into y.u and ye shall live, "'id 
 1 will lay sinews upon you, and will brini>; up tbsli upon you, and 
 cover you with skin, anvl put breath in you, and ye shall live." At 
 the word, there is heard a rushing sound. The bones stir and 
 begin to come together, bone to liis neighbour-bone. The muscles 
 and the flesh mysteriously come up upon these, and the skin covers 
 them above. At the utterance of a further maiulato — " (hme from 
 the four winds, O IJreath, and breathe upon these slain that they 
 may live," the hitherto inanimate forms start up into life and stand 
 upon their feet, "an exceeding great army. ' 
 
 This " exceeding grea; army," the prophet was instructed, repre- 
 sented the whole house of Israel ; and ho v/as commanded to say to 
 his fellow-exiles on the banks of the (Jhebar, "Thus saith the liord 
 (jod. Behold, my people, I will open your graves, and cause you 
 to come up out of your graves, and bring you into the land of 
 fsrael." 
 
 Appearances at the time rendered such a consununation very im- 
 probable. Jerusalem with its temple had been destroyed, its 
 inhabitants . arried away, and their places supplied by immigrant 
 strangers. Still, again and -gain, by precept and symbol ami vision, 
 Kzekicl is made to encourage his compatriots in the belief that in 
 due season they should bo reinstated in their ancient rights and 
 privileges. 
 
 Now at the edict of Cyrus, issued some forty years later, when 
 the promise of restoration certainly received a fulfilment, the whole 
 house of Israel did not return. A lai-ge proportion of them have never 
 returned, but remain dispersed to this day. Hence a further fultil- 
 mcnt of the prophetic visim of Ezekiel is expected. In like manner 
 it may be observed of other predictions of restoration, that there 
 arc frequently mixed up with them assurances of another and a 
 greater deliverance, to take place at a future indefinite time. 
 
 • >> 
 
il 
 
 i^ 
 
 Tt is <?enorally allowed tliat tlio tliin<;s which hajiponod to tho 
 Israelitirth peopio arc typical, to a ^icat extent, ol' the thinu's whii'h 
 happen to Christians. It is allowed that their rescue from K^'ypt is 
 typical of our rescue from a state of nature; that their baptism in 
 the; I{od Sea typified our baptism; that their subsequent wanderin^^s 
 typify our post-baptismal life; that their enterinjj^ into Canaan typifies 
 our attaininjj; to the hoped-for rest of heaven. 
 
 Tt is known, also, that most of our rites and observances and j)e- 
 culiarities in point of polity, are antitypes of similar thinjis in the 
 divinely-revealed .Jewish sy.stem. St. J'aul, in fact, when he taujj;lit 
 that the Christian body is now the true Israel, furni,'*hed us with a 
 principle which throws intense mcaninj: into the Old Testament. In 
 this principle he gave us a key by which to unlock the sense of pro- 
 phecy. Substitute the Christian churcli for Jerusalem, and under- 
 stand Christians by Israelites, and you get the tnie signification of 
 many an otherwise dark saying. According to this canon of inter- 
 pretation, you shall not, to satisfy the predictions of the prophets, 
 rcfjuirc — what some expect to sec — a literal restoration of the Jewisli 
 people to Palestine. When in all lands the children of Israel shall 
 repent, and be united to the Christian church, their restoration to 
 the Jerusalem wlicre they would be, will take place without any 
 local migrating whatever. Any other restoration than this nniy 
 prove to have been only a carnal expectation, similar to that which 
 so fatally misled the Jewish race when they rejected their Messiah. 
 
 I know not whether it would be thought too great an extension 
 of the principle of typical parallelism were we to consider the sepa- 
 ration which took place in the nation of Israel after the death of 
 Solomon as foreshadowing the severance which was destined to take 
 place between eastern and western Christendom. We know for cer- 
 tain that some of the developments in the history of the holy people 
 did prefigure the evil as well as the good which was to be developed 
 in the Christian Israel. Their rebellions in .spite of their privileges, 
 and the fewness of those Avho persevered to the end and entered 
 iiito the rest of Canaan, arc not without their counterparts in the 
 history of Christians. 
 
 IJut whether an analogy between the two great separations referred 
 to, could be sustained or not, we have consolatory assurances pro- 
 phetically given us, that all the divisions in Israel shall one day be 
 healed. Wc have Ezekiel, in a passage closely connected with the 
 text, speaking thus of the Christian Israel, as it should be in the 
 then far-distant Messianic times : — " They shall be no more two na- 
 tions, neither shall they be divided into two kingdoms any more at 
 all. . . . David, my servant, shall be king over them, and they 
 shall hi ve but one shepherd" — "David, my servant," and the " one 
 shepherd " being expressions that point to the times of the Christ, 
 the one Lord whom Jews and Christians are one day alike to 
 
 recognize. 
 
 NoTT, to draw nearer to the subject which I am about more par- 
 ticularly to touch upon, — if it be generally allowed that there is a 
 typical relation between the ancient Israel and Christendom, inasmuch 
 
 as III t 
 rei-ndt 
 with 
 Israel 
 
 SI'COIK 
 
 witliei 
 an \ui\ 
 elVu'ie 
 vouch: 
 forosli 
 an^ ab 
 cendai 
 Thi 
 upon, 
 the ai 
 
 1 I 
 
liajiponed to llio 
 tlu! tliiriL'M which 
 •uo froin K<:y])t is 
 their bjiptisin in 
 fjueiit waiitlcriii<:.s 
 itoC'iinjuin typilii's 
 
 crvanccs and po- 
 ilar thin<>,s in tho 
 , wlicn lie taii^'lit 
 linhcd us with a 
 1 'IV'stamcnt. In 
 tho sense of pro- 
 dcni, iind luuhir- 
 10 signilicjition of 
 s canon of intor- 
 of the proplicts, 
 ion of tlic Jewisli 
 n of Israel shall 
 ■ir restoration to 
 ace without any 
 
 than this may 
 r to that which 
 
 their Messiah, 
 ttt an extension 
 risider the scpa- 
 icr the death of 
 destined to take 
 '^e know for cer- 
 
 tho holy people 
 to be developed 
 their privilejjjes, 
 lid and entered 
 torparts in tho 
 
 irations referred 
 assurances pro- 
 lall one day be 
 ected with the 
 uld be in tho 
 more two na- 
 ns any more at 
 lioiii, and they 
 and the " one 
 of the Christ, 
 2 day alike to 
 
 out more par- 
 liat there is a 
 doni, inasmuch 
 
 us in tho vision of Kzekiel, the rushing toj^ethcr of dry Itoncs, their 
 rci-ndowmont with niusclo nd flesh and skin, and their reiiniination 
 with bre.itli finni (iod, prelipired tho restoration of tlu; literal 
 Jsi'uel to privile^'cs i^n'ut in tlu; first instance, and ^Tcater still in the 
 sticond, may we not hopefully conclude, when we observe jinion^^ tho 
 withori'd members of (Miristendoin, tho prophetic Israel, a rustling, 
 an unwonted lifi;, that some remarkable restoration of privih^ge — of 
 elliciency and of unity — is, in the providence of (5o<l, about to be 
 vouchsafed to them '! M;\y we not believe that the Scrriptures, which 
 foreshadow the happy state of the Christian Israel in tlu; lattiT days, 
 are about to leceive a secondary, if not their final and most trans- 
 c(!iidant fullilnicnty 
 
 That influences of a leiiiarkable nature have lioon brought to bear 
 upon, and have been felt by the decayed portions of Christendom, 
 th(^ annals of th(^ present generation, the events that have just oc- 
 curred, all tend to shew. 
 
 To begin with .lerusaleiu itself — the centre and mother-city of 
 (Miristondom. 
 
 The war, whose termination we have now assembled together 
 gratefully to commemorate, had for its immediate, ostensible cause 
 a <[U.'irrel in regard to the protectorate of what are called the '* Holy 
 Places." These are certain localities in the existing city of Jerusa- 
 lem, pointed out as tlu? actual scenes of ti.c pa.ssion and death and 
 rising-again of our Lord. Though, like the spots similarly exliibited 
 in Rome, as the scenes of the suffering and martyrdom of apostles 
 and evangelists, they cannot be gazed upon by an intelligent mind 
 without an amount of skepticism as to their exact identity ; yet, 
 inasmuch as the great events which signalized the foundation of the 
 (christian church did really occur in Jerusalem, and their sites must 
 be somewhere there, within an area of no very great extent, there is 
 no person possessed of sensibility and a competent historical know- 
 ledge, who would not hasten to behold that city, were it in his power 
 to do so, and who would not experience, as he came in sight of its 
 venerable walls, emotions of peculiar solemnity. 
 
 It has not, therefore, boon superstition altogether that, from (iarly 
 ('hristian times to the present, has every year caused enthusiastic 
 crowds of pilgrims and ordinary travellers from distant nations to 
 congregate in the land 
 
 "Over wlioso acres walked those blessetl feet 
 Which, eighteen hundred years ago, were iinilcd 
 For our advantage to the bitter cross." 
 
 Heing within the limits of tho Eastern or Greek Church, the 
 "Holy Places" arc rightfully under the solo guardianship of the 
 local authorities of that church, especially of the Patriarch of the 
 ecclesiastical province in which they are situated. The officials of 
 no other ecclesiastical province could rightfully assume jurisdiction 
 there. The officials of no other ecclesiastical province, indeed, ought 
 to be found there, except a.s temporary visitors ; and as such they 
 
6 
 
 cmild ii.sk only thost; trjiiiMii-iit rlijlits which Chiistimi cKurti.sy ivjulily 
 accords to sojouriicr.s. 
 
 Hut IVoiu tho clVcmliiacy of the iireck ruhrs iit Coiistaiifitioplc 
 for a loii^ tiiiu! previous to thi; fall of the J{y/autine empire, ami 
 th(!ii fr(MU the predoiniii.mce of ^lahoimiiedauism at .Ieru^'aIonl, after 
 that fall, the rij^lits (»f the local eeclcsiastical authorities were not 
 j)rotccted when encroacluneiits ujioii thein first hetian to bo iiiaile. 
 rilj^riiiis from the west asserted, and liaviiij:; the support of the 
 vij^orous civil ^overnnuMits of tlie west, mai)a;i,(!d at leii;:;th to main- 
 tain riirhts in the mother-city lA' Christendom, to which they were 
 not in justice entitled. 
 
 Next, by dej^rees, crept in an understandiu}; that ]''ranc(i, the 
 princiital continental mi narchy of the we.'-t, was the especial jiro- 
 tector of the western strangers in the rights which they had usurped 
 in .Jerusalem. 
 
 On the rise of llu.ssia to power and influence, its Czars, as.suniin;; 
 to be the successors of tlu! vanished Knipcrors of the Kast, (juickly 
 .saw it to be a politic thinj:; to declare themselves protectors of the 
 uiijiinal, and, indeed, riuditful, j)oss(!H,sors of the Sacred JMaccs. 
 
 From circumstances sudi as these, having their ori<.'in in venutte 
 a^es, ii sanguinary war arises in l^rut. There cannot be a doubt 
 tlnit under the plea of protectini:; the Eastern Christian.s in their 
 rights in the Holy City, to which was afterwards conjoined the niori; 
 imposin<^ claim to protect all person.s bearing the Christian nann; 
 within the territories of the Sultan, the C/ars of llu.ssia concealed 
 tho ulterior design of annihilating the Ottoman power, and seating 
 themstilves in Constantinople as heads of a revived IJyzantine 
 h^mpire. 
 
 So long as the contest, turned simply on tho protectorate of the 
 Holy places, France alone was the power which seemed likely to be 
 brought into collision with the and)itiou.s potentates of the north. 
 England, as a nation tlieoretically not interested in tlie matter, and 
 committed to a policy very paciHc, devoted to commerce, and disin- 
 clined to aid an hereditary rival, was expected to remain neutral 
 should a strife of arms arise. 
 
 But the realizing of speculations such as these would liave been a 
 backward movement. When the IJyzantinc empire was destroyed, a 
 condition of tilings in Church and State was brought to a close, com- 
 pared with wliich Mahammedanism itself is rational and manly. It 
 is not to be supposed that any approach to a like condition of things 
 w ill ever again be permitted in Europe. In reviewing history it is a 
 cheering observation to make, that in tho general career of God's 
 providential government of human affairs, there arc no retrograde 
 ootprints. 
 
 In the swift termination, then, put to tho war whicli will render 
 for ever memorable the last three years, let us hope that wo have a 
 pledge — a divine pledge — that aspirations after universal or undue 
 dominion shall ever be frustrated; and that an enlightened civilisa- 
 tion, including a pure Christianity, shall bo allowed to develop itself 
 over Europe and over the world henceforward without hindrance. I 
 
1 
 
 iiii ('(lurti'sy rt'iidily 
 
 ilt CollStjIlllilMlpIt' 
 
 iitiiK! empire, ami 
 it .leni.valem, after 
 loritie.s were imt 
 Iran to bo made, 
 he suj>j)oit ui' tlic 
 at lenjitli to maiii- 
 » wliicli tliey wen- 
 
 tliat ]''nine(!, (lu' 
 
 llie I'special jire- 
 
 i tliey liad usurped 
 
 s ('zars, a.ssuuMiij; 
 
 tlio Kast, (juiekly 
 
 protectors of tlie 
 acred J 'laces. 
 
 ori<.'in in remote 
 iniiet 1)0 a doubt 
 
 'hri.stiaiiH in their 
 unjoined tlio more 
 
 Christian name 
 Kussia concealed 
 
 ower, and seating' 
 cvivcd ]}yzantino 
 
 otoctorato of tlie 
 cmed likely to be 
 atcs of tlio north. 
 
 1 tlio matter, and 
 merce, and disin- 
 o renuiin neutral 
 
 rould liavG been a 
 3 was destroyed, u 
 lit to a close, com- 
 d and manly. It 
 audition of thinp;s 
 ing history it is a 
 career of God's 
 re no retrograde 
 
 hich will render 
 c tliat we have a 
 iversal or undue 
 ightencd civilisa- 
 . to develop itself 
 lut hindrance. 1 
 
 have said "u divine pledge," for what but a divine act waN il, ^ht»rl 
 otdy of miraculmiH interposition, which at the moment of thtr great- 
 est complication, cut through the baflling knot, by removing out of 
 the way tlie prime eauso of the lato strife, the embodiment of tlm 
 obsolete |)olicy which had obliged Kurope to unsheath her sNsordy 
 True it is, the contest still for a tinu,', )»y the i'orce of its own mo 
 nuiutum, went on. Hut its issue was determined when the decree 
 came forth that the eiriiig autocrat should exist no more. \o other 
 iiicidtiiit could so soon have brought the contest to a close, and ex- 
 tinguished, probably for ever, those dangerous ideas of predestined 
 supremacy which were becoming hereditary in tlie Sclavonic mind. 
 
 Let us tiiist that for the last time the West has been threatened 
 by the North. \iv,i us hope that the diadem of the ('/urs is about 
 to descend up(jii the brows (»f a man of the pres<'nt age — upon one 
 who sees in tlij just freedom of a well-instructed people at once the 
 highest glory and the best safeguard of a prince. IVomist; has 
 already been given, on his part, of adevotedness to the arts of peace, 
 and of a determination to direct his energies to the development ol' 
 the internal resources of his empire. The vast organisation over 
 which he presides cannot bo acted upon in a day. llis children 
 and children's children, born under happier auspices, and become 
 habituated to large views, may reap more fully than himself the fruits 
 of a pacitic policy. 
 
 It is a singular phenomenon, that a dispute arising out of the pro- 
 tectorate of the supposed sepulchre of our Jjord, should, in tin; 
 jiresent age, have given rise to a war likely to be prolilic of good to 
 a large portion of the human race. ]n this fact, however, wi; have 
 a symbol of that mysterious vitality which lingers yet about the 
 relics of a dead or dying Christendom, suggesting at times, by sud- 
 den manifestations of life, the possibility of that resuscitation and 
 reiinion of its scattered parts, at which prophecy .seems to jtoint. 
 
 Many years have not elapsed since it was rendered possible, in the 
 providence of God, to erect within the ancient inoth(!r-city of Chris- 
 tendom a church of our communion, and to establish a mission then; 
 from Englaiul with a bishop at its head. This was effected by the 
 joint action of England and Prussia, which no purpose of prose- 
 lytizing from the Christian church on the spot, but with a view, in 
 the Hrst place, to the spiritual well-being of our own countrymen 
 and those of Prussia sojourning in Jerusalem j secondly, to the con- 
 version of Jews to Christianity; and thirdly, to friendly conference 
 with such of the local Christians as might allow themselves to be 
 approached. Although the results of this mi.ssion have not, thus 
 far, been very striking, yet its existence is a centre of healthful life 
 in Jerusalem, and is tending to the regeneration ot tlio.se sections ol 
 the Eastern Church that maintain official representatives in the 
 neighborhood of the ^'Iloly Places."* 
 
 * The conversions from Jiulaism to Christianity arising from this mis.sion 
 have, as yet, been lew. Thesuccessof Christian missions to the Israelites clsi-- 
 AYhere has oflatc years been very considerable : "More Jews have been convert- 
 
8 
 
 The Christian population cf the European portion of the Turkish 
 empire is said to amount to more than 11,000,000 ; while the Mussul- 
 man population is only about 4,000,000. This large body of Chris- 
 tians the present Sultan has placed on a perfect equality with his Mo- 
 hammedan subjects. The famous edict of Gul-haneh, issued in 1830, 
 abolished the punishment of death for the abandonment of Islamism. 
 The more recent edict of Fcbruary,1856,not only reaffirms the enlight- 
 ened declarations of the previous firman, but revises them, with a 
 view to bring them into perfect harmony with " the spirit of the 
 present age and the actual state of society." It guarantees ener- 
 getic measures " to ensure the freest possible exercise of every 
 religion." It prohibits for ever the use in government documents 
 of " all epithets and distinctions which could tend to shew a differ- 
 ence between one class of the Sultan's subjects as the lower, and 
 another as the higher one." 
 
 There is now, so far as the authorities of the government are con- 
 cerned, no obstruction to the circulation of the Holy Scriptures 
 throughout the Ottoman empire. The agent of the American Bible 
 Society writes in April last, frotn Constantinople : " We have placed 
 the open Bible in various tongues in the windows, announcing to the 
 multitude of every nation who throng this crowded street, that each 
 in his own language can buy the Bible. And it is most interesting 
 to see them stopping to read a moment in passing, and then coming 
 in to buy the Word of God." The same agent reports that he has 
 applications for the sacred Scriptures from Trebezond, Erzeroum, 
 Marsouan and Tocat. These copies of the sacred volume, even :m 
 the absence of the living voice of the teacher, cannot fail to prepare 
 the way for the reception of Christianity. 
 
 The Oriental mind is becoming rapidly disabused of the iujuriou.s 
 idea, widely circulated in the East by emissaries from Italy, that 
 Great ^^ritain is an atheistic nation. A church of our communion, 
 with a mission attached, is just about to be established in the city of 
 Constantinople, as "an enduring monument to the officers and men 
 of the naval and military services, as well as of the chaplains and 
 civilians who died there in the discharge of their duty." This will 
 be a permanent remembrancer of the religion of England before the 
 eyes of the Moslem. Already has a favourable impression been pro- 
 duced by the fact that in our late campaigns our armies were accom- 
 panied by Christian ministers, and our hospitals provided with the 
 means of spiritual consolation. The door is at this moment open for 
 the propagation of Christianity within the Turkish dominions to an 
 extent never before known. Were the Convocation of the English 
 Church in a condition to avail itself of the crisis by sending to the 
 Sublime Porte a spiritual embassy of well-qualified men, capable of 
 expounding the Christian faith without corruption or exaggeration, 
 in the Turkish language, a not unreasonable hope might be enter- 
 tained of the conversion of Sultan and people. So many prejudices 
 against the Frank have been overcome, that his religion, if judici- 
 
 ed to Christianity," says a competent authority (Professor Tholuck,) speaking 
 of Germany, " during the last twenty-five years, than during the seventeen 
 centuries preceding." 
 
 ttusly pi 
 fected a 
 
)rtion of the Turkish 
 '0 ; while the 3Iussul- 
 hirgo body of Chris- 
 squality with his Mo- 
 inch, issued in 1830, 
 onnicntof Islamisiu. 
 reJlffirms the enlight- 
 revises them, with a 
 h " the spirit of the 
 It guarantees ener- 
 ) exercise of every 
 ^crnment doeuinents 
 nd to shew a differ- 
 s as the lower, and 
 
 government are con- 
 he Holy Scriptures 
 the American Uiblc 
 : " We have placed 
 3, announcing to the 
 led street, that each 
 t is most interesting 
 g, and then coming 
 reports that he has 
 bczond, Erzerouni, 
 red volume, even f-i 
 innot fail to prepare 
 
 sed of the injurious 
 es from Italy, that 
 of our communion, 
 lished in the city of 
 ;he officers and men 
 the chaplains and 
 r duty." This will 
 England before the 
 npression been pro- 
 armies were aecom- 
 providcd with the 
 is moment open for 
 sh dominions to an 
 ;ion of the English 
 ■ by sending to the 
 cd men, capable of 
 Q or exaggeration, 
 3 might be enter- • 
 lo many prejudices 
 religion, if judici- 
 
 ir Tholuck,) speaking 
 luring the seventeen 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 busly presented, might no longer be rejected. Thus might be ef- 
 fected a happier incorporation of Turkey into the sisterhood of Eu- 
 ropean States than that which has been accorded by the treaty of 
 Paris. 
 
 In the Egyptian portion of the Sultan's dominions, another witness 
 to the religion of England has been establ' ^led. On the 25th of 
 April (St. Mark's-day,) in last year — 1S55— ao Church of St. Mark 
 the Evangelist was consecrated in the City of Alexandria, as a mis- 
 iion-church in connexion with our communion. 
 
 Among the Copts and Abyssinians missions have for many years 
 been maintained from Britain and British India. Of the Copts, the 
 
 fuesent representatives of the primitive Alexandrian Christians, an 
 ntelligent English traveller says : — " A pleasing and encouraging 
 feature in their religious character is their reverence ibr and 
 attachment to the Sacred Scripture. . . . A proof of their sin- 
 cerity, amid all their professions of poverty, is to be found in their 
 willingness to become purchasers." Of Abyssinia, a scene also of 
 very early Christian exertion, a missionary not long since stated : — 
 *' In regard to the Scriptures, we must thank (irod that they are read 
 freely in the Church, and are taught even in the schools. . . . 
 The priests often ask us for more copies of the Old and New Testa- 
 ment. . . . The reading of the Word of God may be the great 
 means of enlightening the mind and heart of Ethiopia." 
 
 Over the north shore of Africa — once the site of illustrious Chris- 
 tian Churches — the dawn of a second illumination seems to be rising. 
 Fallen once more, in great measure, into Chri^:tian hands, it is feel- 
 ing the influence of European civilisation, and will not long rest 
 content with a defective Christianity. 
 
 Mingling together throughout the Ottoman Empire there arc, be- 
 sides the original Greek Church, several ancient Christian communi- 
 ons, representing for the most part nationalities wliich have otherwise 
 been absorbed. On all these, the intelligence of Western Christen- 
 dom is exercising an ameliorating and quickening influence. 
 
 Among the Armenians, who trace their origin as Christians to 
 Thaddeus the Apostle, a remarkable awakening to a pure Christianity 
 has of late years taken place. As communities of this very intelligent 
 people exist in every important town, communicating with each 
 other, it is expected that they, under God, will at a future time be 
 instrumental in the Christianisation of Turkey. A translation of 
 our Prayer-Book in Armenian has been published at Constantinople 
 with the sanction of the Armenian patriarch. This same ecclesiasti- 
 cal officer exclaimed as ho grasped the hand of a missionary of our 
 communion who had been exerting himself in establishing schools 
 among the Armenians : " God bless you ! it is such friends as you 
 that we want !" 
 
 The Syrian Churches, which claim St. Peter as their founder, and 
 t^c city of Antioch as their capital, together with the Nestorian and 
 other Christians who are to be found in large numbers along the 
 banks of the Tigris and in Persia, have all been visited by missions 
 from ^^"itain and America, and made acquainted with a Christianity 
 
10 
 
 more liviup; than their own. Atteutiou was very recently drawn t 
 the faet, that our Embassy at the Court of I'ersia is unaecompanii 
 
 by a minister of relif^ioii. The publie statement of this defect wi 
 doubtless lead to its beinp; remedied, and possibly to the establishmon 
 of a mission in Teheran. 
 
 In the Kinf^dom of Greece — a portion of the Sultan's dominion 
 not many years since — there is a yearnin<j; after a more vigorou 
 spiritual life. This improved state of things is due, in the providenci 
 of (iod, to the missions and schools which for some years have bcoi 
 maintained there by our sister-Church and other Chiistian comniii 
 nities in the United States. Happily the authorized formularies n 
 tlie Greek National Church embody with much purity the sevoni 
 doctrines of the Christian faith, and require only to be practit .11 
 developed among the clergy and laity. *' When St. Paul addressci 
 the Greeks," says one well acquainted Avith modern Greece, " Ir 
 referred to their ' own poets' — to ^ prophets of their own.' Whoevt: 
 at the present day wishes to recommend pure Scriptural religion l 
 their attention, can appeal to their own standards of belief; for ii 
 them every point of sound evangelical doctrine is fully and clearh 
 exhibited." " Let foreigners bring us light," a Greek bishop sail! 
 not long since ; '* but we beg of them not to bring tire to burn oui 
 house about our ears." That is to say, he wished the Natioiiti. 
 Church to be revived and reformed, but not disruptured.* 
 
 The Kussian Church, a branch of the ancient Greek, was subject 
 ed by Peter the Great, in 1728, to the supreme control of the civil 
 power. This step, in many points of view, was to be deprecated ; 
 but it may liave been essential to the commencement of a revival ii 
 tiiat Church, which probably would never have voluntarily reformed 
 itself. About that period great facilities were introduced for tin 
 elevation of the intellectunl and spiritual character of the clergy and 
 l)eople, and the general circulation of the Holy Scriptures in tlu 
 dialects of Russia began to be encouraged. Authoritative documents 
 published of late years in St. Petersburg tend to shew that the light 
 of Christianity has since been in some measure trimmed on the 
 candlestick of the llussian Church 
 
 In a treatise which is adopted by the whole Russian Church, and 
 even beyond its limits wherever the Sclavonian Church dialect is 
 understood, and which is rc(|uired to be mastered by all candidates 
 for holy orders in the diocesan seminaries, and in the superior Spir- 
 itual Academies, there occurs this declaration : — " We hold tlu 
 Word of God, that is, the ]Jooks of the Old and New Testaments, 
 a^ the source, foundation and perfect rule both of our holy faith and 
 of the good works of the law. AVherefore it is our duty to search 
 the Word of God, and draw from its divine truth to teach the peo- 
 ple J and to confirm our own words from the Word of God; and tu 
 this test to bring all doctrine which either we ourselves may hear 
 from others, or others from us, receiving 
 
 what is agreeable thereto, 
 
 and reject 
 ^R write 
 fbith and 
 fcare, slun 
 Scripture 
 Scripture 
 ing to tlu 
 iticlf; ov 
 Mssary t( 
 has evinc 
 Russian 1 
 0hristian 
 CHiurch 
 liecn ext 
 which CO 
 ity with i 
 gian Am 
 been tran 
 present 
 ^clesiast 
 here tout 
 Ocses. 'J 
 Christiai 
 In Ind 
 Apostle 
 itive fori 
 and Frer 
 new lifo 
 cd to ev( 
 •ary. CI 
 that he I 
 ■boon tra 
 and Coy 
 tof the S 
 The ( 
 ^Mongol: 
 sort ke| 
 from I'l 
 . 800,001 
 
 * ItKclf suffering from nimutliorizcd intrusions from -witliout, our com- 
 munion in its cbaritablo ciforts to aid loss favoured Cliristian imtions, hai 
 sought, ami wi' ever, I trust, seek to respect local ecclesiastical authorities. 
 
 o;eneral 
 amongt' 
 nationa 
 have lo 
 pious, 
 liave g 
 
 * Lai 
 
 worshii 
 
 ■ rous ( '1 
 
 ; on this 
 
 I Yrith til 
 
11 
 
 ny recently druwu i 
 *i!i IS uimccoinpanic 
 It of this defect wil 
 ' to the establishiueii 
 
 e Sultan's dominion 
 ter a more vi^oroii 
 ue, in the providonci 
 onie years liave booi 
 or Chiistian conmui 
 irized formularies i, 
 ■i purity the sevom 
 n\y to be practii ,11, 
 II 8t. Paul addressci 
 modern Greece, 'Mn 
 heir own.' Whoevi: 
 'criptural religion l 
 •d.s of belief; for ii 
 is fully and clearh 
 a Greek bishop saii, 
 ring fire to burn oui 
 vished the Nationti: 
 uptured.* 
 Greek, was subject 
 control of the civil 
 IS to be deprecated : 
 )ment of a revival ii 
 voluntarily reformed 
 introduced for tlu 
 er of the clergy and 
 y Scriptures "in tlu 
 oritativc document 
 shew that the light 
 •e trimmed on the 
 
 ussian Church, and 
 n Church dialect h 
 :d by all candidate,^ 
 1 the superior Spir- 
 :— "Wo hold the 
 il New Testaments, 
 our holy faith and 
 our duty to searcli 
 1 to teach the peo- 
 ■d of Godj and to 
 ourselves may hcnr 
 i agreeable thereto, 
 
 n witliout, our coni- 
 liristian nations, ]ia,< 
 siastical authorities. 
 
 ai|d rejecting the contrary." And again, a living Russian divine 
 dUis writes : — " Traditions which are adduced fonceruing dogmas of 
 fidth and ]>ractice, involved neither formally nor virtually in Scrip- 
 tifire, should have no weight and ought to be rejected. l«t. Because 
 Scripture alone is the base of theology ; 2nd, Because tiie said 
 Scripture is so necessary that the faithful can draw all things belong- 
 ing to the attainment of salvatldii from no other source except from 
 itiBclf ; 3rd, Bccauro it is so perfect that it contains all dogmas ne- 
 Oissary to salvation." These statements betoken a vitality which 
 has evinced itself also in acts. In tlic north-eastern parts of the 
 Bussian Empire many thousands of heathens have of late years been 
 0hristianizcd. Missions have been established by the National 
 CJliurch throughout the Aleutian Arcliipclago, and from thence have 
 IjBcn extended to llussian America. Along the island-bridge 
 ithich conducted to this continent the first human beings, Christian- 
 ity with its institutions has found a highway through the sea. Rus- 
 sian America is erected into a diocese ; and the Scriptures have 
 been translated into the six prevailing dialects of the country by its 
 present bishop Innoccntius. The extreme outpost of the great 
 Ecclesiastical organisation which has Constantinople for its centre, 
 here touches upor the frontier-land of our own Anglo-American dio- 
 ceses. Thus strangely in the Pillar regions of a new world does the 
 Christian East find itself confronted by the Christian "West. 
 
 In India, on whose coasts Christianity was first planted by the 
 Apostle St. Thomas, and where, to a remarkable extent, in its prim- 
 itive form, unaffected by the l^atin ( •hristianity of the I'ortuguese 
 and French, it survives, striking indications of the re-kindling of a 
 new life have of late years been manifest. Access has been obtain- 
 ed to every nook of this populous peninsula by the British missiou- 
 ♦ary. Churches, and schools, and printing-presses are the footprints 
 that he leaves. Into all the principal dialects the Scriptures have 
 >?been translated ; and whole communities in a body, in llindostan 
 and Ceylon, have thrown away their idols, and embraced the religion 
 f of the Saviour of men. 
 
 The Christianity which penetrated from Chaldca and l^rsia into 
 IMongolia and China soon after the Apostnlic days, has oeen in some 
 sort kept from utterly expiring by missions from time to time sent 
 from France and Italy. It was said in I8IG that there were possibly 
 -800,000 Christians in the Chinese Empire. But of the Chinese in 
 • general it was reported at the same date by one who had lived 
 ■amongst them, that ''The religious sentiment has vanished from the 
 national mind; the rival doctrines of Confucius, Buddha and l^aotze 
 have lost all authority, and their partisans, grown skeptical and im- 
 pious, have fiillen into the abyss of indifferentism, in which they 
 have given each other the kiss of peace."* 
 
 * Lately, however, an idol and other paraidiernalia appertaining to the 
 worship of Buddha were imported at .St. Franci.«co, for the use of the nume- 
 rous Chinese resident there. Tlint, in KS-")<;, IJuddliisin sjiouldbe introduced 
 on thi.s continent is, by tiie way, a fact, for the )nomcnt, not in harmony 
 with the general tone of the present Lecture. 
 
12 
 
 Nevertheless, in the year 1S5I> we hear of the offeriuf;; up ot'sn'aith is rcqi 
 ii pn'jcr as tlie foUowinjjj, every clay, by every individual in to be expc 
 erowded camp of a powerful revolutionist, who is shaking; China 'xtrenics inl 
 Its centre : " I thine unworthy sun, kneelini; down on the grouileolared byl 
 pray to thee the great God our Heavenly Father, that thou woulddhat the dol 
 grant nie thy merciful protection, and constantly bestow upon i action in n| 
 thy Holy Spirit, to change my wicked heart, and never more alliniUions of 
 me to be deceived by demoniacal influences; but perpetually regai leolatcd 
 iiig me with favour, that thou wouldest forever deliver me from tbhus far inll 
 evil one, through the merits of our Saviour and Heavenly Brotliipon Euro! 
 the Lord Jesus, who redeemed us from sin." igainst an i 
 
 Whatever may be the significance of this phenomenon — whetli prelate. 11 
 it is to issue in the establishment of a Christian dynasty on tbcolesiastic^ 
 imperial throne or not, — it is manifest that Christianity is an acti'3origvcgatir 
 clement in the fermentation that is going on among the people. -been chcckl 
 M issionarics with the Holy Scriptures in their hands, — many of the The dooi 
 with the Prayer-JBook besides — arc entering the vast field of Chiiadfliission ( 
 by the live I'orts recently opened to the commerce of the WestcipOBsible, cl 
 AVorld. — In like manner Japan also, which has already once hoiircontinuc w 
 from the lips of Italian missionaries, some echoes of revealed trutlreoeivcd w 
 is about to receive the offer of an enlightened Cliristianity. In Februai 
 
 We have taken ;i rapid survey of the Eastern Provinces locoasion o 
 Christendom where Christianity was first planted, — where it begareoently pi 
 first to decline. We have seen that, in the present day, providenti;approved 
 breathings are every where brought to bear, tending to revive the slaii sincere me 
 Jjct us now turn our eyes for a moment towards the Christoi ** I^ P^'^ 
 (l(»(n of the AVest, where, though a torpidity unworthy ( numerous 
 Christianity, has in many (piarters prevailed, yet, on the whole, scandalous 
 considerable amount of vitality has been maintained. to the laws 
 
 Here, during the presentcentury, have been also felt the pulsation tiftnity, thi 
 of a new life. The Holy Scriptures have been circulated in tli C^rt in t 
 dialects of the different populations. The human mind has asserto teitantism 
 for itself freedom of action. The necessity of universal Educatioi dwnce to 
 has come to be generally recognized. International missionary effor to-day wit 
 has almost ceased to be interdicted. tics, id 
 
 Germany no longer continues passive under the Transalpine yoke toox sentin 
 The movement of Ronge in 1839 revealed the wide-spread yearniti;. of the cro 
 after spiritual liberty which exists among its people. oUt the n: 
 
 In Italy, the heavings of the popular heart, under the inspiration -^^ ^^^ 
 of the age, are unavailingly kept down by physical force — by tlu l"**' ^'^^ ^Ji 
 presence of foreign armies, Home itself has become conscious o! o* y^^ ^* 
 the moral malaria which broods within its walls. The rattle of Frencl . .^ . 
 drums in i's gloomy streets cannot drown the cry for a purificil reviviiyn 
 atmosphere. Traditionally bound to resist change, the guardians ct M* ^J^^"- ^ 
 a sensuous Christianity have been stimulated into energy by th( o* instru 
 activity and ubiquity of its assailants. Spiritual pretensions loiv: csonncctc 
 kept in abeyance are now asserted without reserve. Areas of Europe *f** -'^^^ 
 for centuries treated with delicacy and politic forbearance are at last nbcrty ' 
 openly parcelled out as subject territory. Concordats are ostcnta wnich, c 
 tiously negotiated with despotic courts. An additional articiu of 
 
The unprotita})l«! 
 aiul convents lias 
 
 18 
 
 oncriuf^ up of snaitih is required to bo accepted. — Such manifestations however were 
 very individual in to be expected. They need cause no apprehension. Goini; to 
 IS slijiking (Jhiiia (xtfemes invariably produces salutary reactions. Already has it been 
 uown on the groimleolared by a competent authority, a member of the Italian (Hiurch, 
 er, that thou wouldi.hat the dogma of the Immacuhitc Conception has '' caused dis.sati.s- 
 antly bestow upon liEUjftion in millions of cultivated and cnli<,fhtened men, and disgusted 
 and never more alloniHions of timid and uncertain ccmscicnccs." 
 
 ut perpetually regai Belated by their physical conformation, 8pain and Portugal have 
 ueliver nie from fblnia far inhaled but little of the reviving breath which is descending 
 na Heavenly Jirotlnpon Europe. The spirit of those nations has, however, rebelloil 
 igainst an inordinate usurpation of authority over them by a foreign 
 nenomenon — whetliprelate. The undue accumulation of property in the hands ol' 
 nstian dynasty on tbcclesiastical persons has been put an end to, 
 instianity is an acti'30l(gregating of men and women in monasteries 
 among the people,4)een cheeked, 
 lands, — many of tlio The door which a few years since was opened in Hpain for the 
 lie vast field of Chiiadfiaissiou of the Sacred Scriptures has of late been, as far as 
 uerce of the Westoipossible, closed. But this is a state of things which is not likely to 
 IS already once Iiwircontinuo when such sentiments as the following can be uttered and 
 ocs of revealed trutlreoeivcd with satisfaction in the Halls of the Spanish Legislature, 
 -^nristianity. In February of the present year in the Chamber of Madrid, on the 
 
 ^^astern Provinces (Occasion of the prohibition of the circulation of a Spanish Bible 
 ^^^h where it begareoently published in the country, the text of which conformed to the 
 sent day,providenti;aoproved text, a duputy (M. Batlcs), after declaring himself a 
 ing to revive the slaiisincere member of the Spanish Church, proceeded thus : — 
 wards the Christoi f' If protestantism consists in protesting energetically against the 
 'pidity unworthy (numerous vices, the unparalleled excess, the culpable egotism, the 
 >^et, on the whole, scandalous frauds, the notorious bad faith, the audacious resistance 
 '"^^"- to the laws, the deadly influence of the Court of Home upon ('hris- 
 
 iJso felt the pulsation tianity, the abuse of power, the unjust and illegal intrusion of that 
 en circulated in tli Court in the rights and privileges of nations and monarchs — if pro- 
 an inind has assertc toitantism consists in denouncing the shameless and criminal disobe- 
 universal Educatioi dicnce to the constituted authorities preached without ceasing, and 
 onal missionary efibr to-day with more scandal than ever, by a great number of ecclesias- 
 tics, — I declare boldly that I am a Protestant, and I am certain that 
 he Transalpine yoke my sentiment is shared by all good Catholics who desire the triumph 
 nde-sprcad yearnin. of the cross, and the propagation of the doctrines of Christ through- 
 'P^G. out the nations of the earth." 
 
 nder the inspiration An active spirit of inquiry in the French Empire can alone account 
 ^sical force — by flu for the absorption among its population of more than 151,000 copies 
 >ecomc conscious o! of the Holy Scriptures during the year 1855. 
 
 The rattle of Frcncl; The Scandinavian nations have not been insensible to the general 
 ) cry for a purified revivifying impulse. National education is being zealously promoted 
 ?e, the guardians ot in each of them. "At all the Superior and Inferior establishments 
 nto energy by tin of instruction where theological studies are pursued, the matters 
 al pretensions loiii: connected therewith," says a high local authority, (juoted by the 
 '• Areas of Europi late Archbishop of Upsala, " are treated in a spirit which, under the 
 bcarance are at la.st liberty of research, prefers to adhere to the revealed Word ; and 
 iordats arc ostcnta which, convinced of having found there the best and richest treasure 
 dditional articiu of 
 
14 
 
 
 of spiritual wisdom, only strives to confirm the Divine truth of tliu^flcr a plir 
 Word with a deeper conviction, and to devclopc them move ai-d nid; trine and de 
 widely in the mind and in the heart." — In Sweden alone in tl.o y^i twhjom. 
 1854 there were putin circulation more that 50,000 co]»i«)H of the Ho: ' Our own 
 Scriptures in the Swedish and Finnish languages. — In Lapl.^i pfljtes in the 
 schools and missions are maintained. a <^iew to S( 
 
 I need not speak at any length of the spiritual revival which h; defecndancc 
 taken place in the British Islands. The ancient historical Chun fb^ what 
 there, and the numerous Christian communities which have issm likely to be 
 from its side, arc instinct with life, h'rom all these ]Jodios, missiwi spiritual M 
 aries, earnest and highly-gifted men, every year go forth to heaihc flatoctu^ent5 
 lands, hearing with them the Word oi Ciod. Vigorous efforts ar slfery indiv 
 making on all hands to supply the crying spiritual necessities of tclf^the furt' 
 multitudinous home-population. More churches have been bni, (The dih'( 
 during the last thirty years than in the preceding three hundred ^take of 
 and a laudable desire manifested that they shall be as far as possilil |»i8ctivc hot 
 free to all worshippers. The practice of preaching in the streets an dording to 
 lanes of the populous cities has been restored. Schools for tli tain anion 
 instruction of vagrant and otherwise uncared-for children are in siu pfftctice of 
 cessful operation. The nei 
 
 The widely-extended dominions of the ] British Empire are beiii; Whic'ii, in 
 rapidly organized into Dioceses ; and these again into I'rovinccs. 1 ^at we hii 
 Calcutta was recently seen the remarkable spectacle of the conscciii lind. Th 
 tion of a bishop for the new diocc«e of Labuan in the island i ihcm, and 
 IJorneo, by Indian and Australian bishops. A mother of natioii> <yf llevela 
 England is destined also to be the parens, of great national Churchc> From ther 
 
 Life is returning into the ancient but long-disused apparatus ( ing the inl 
 Convocation. This essential institution, modilicd and brought iiit Wc hav 
 working order, will consolidate and increase the efficiency of tli Wc have s 
 English Church; and the day may come when it will seem as uniin aflttd that t 
 tural to govern any extensive Ecclesiastical organisation without ; fitotions sVj 
 Gcieral Assembly as it would be deemed unconstitutional to manac' l|amc thci 
 the affairs of a great nation Avithout a Parliament. In the meantime ttt work tc 
 until the Church shall be enabled to resume fully the exercise of it may not ji 
 corporate powers, its various Societies — especially the Society for tli #herc tin 
 Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, the Sustaincr in time tered to 
 past of most of the missions existing in the British American Pru 
 vinces, — and the Church IMissionary Society, whose field is especial!; 
 India, tlie Islands of the Southern Seas, and llupert^s Land on tlii 
 Continent, — act, so far as they may, in its behalf, and exhibit tli 
 utmost energy. In Canterbury, the mother-city of our Communion 
 a celebrated Abbey, bearing the name of Au<2;ustine, the first Chri;^ drdinary 
 tianizer of our Saxon forefathers, but long since desecrated am »*^^^ ^^ ^ 
 ruinous, has been, by the munificence v)f a layman, restored to reli Hual Mo< 
 gious uses, and converted into an cflcctivc College for the training ui todies w. 
 Missionaries. Beekthei 
 
 The Anglo-Roman separatists, who a few years ago were as letli Vitality a; 
 argic as most of the other separate communities and the Church it ^who is tl 
 self, have partaken of the life which is permeating all classes oi ys'ly^^S'l 
 Christians. Their system displays itself in England at this momcii S 
 
 Itirnish u! 
 te that 
 When thi 
 gencies o 
 ifton is mi 
 
16 
 
 Divine truth of tli 
 them iiio'o ai,(liun; 
 len alone in tl.o ^v- 
 )Oco]»i'.vsoftl!eyjo 
 uages.— In Lap].<ii 
 
 n 
 
 1 revival which k 
 t lii.storical Chun 
 which have issm 
 icsc ]}odio,s, niissioi 
 .uo fortli to lica-Ju 
 Vigorous efforts ar 
 tual neccs.sitie.s cf 
 tvs liavc been ])iil, 
 ing tlireo Imndrcd 
 be as far as i)ossil)l 
 ng in tlie streets an 
 1. Scliools for til 
 cliildrcn arc in sik 
 
 li Empire are bciii 
 into Provinces. ] 
 cle of tlic consecii, 
 an in the island i 
 mother of iiatio)i- 
 fc national Churches 
 isuscd apparatus (. 
 cd and brought iiit 
 he efficiency of tli 
 t will seem as unna 
 anisation without ; 
 titutional to manai- 
 In the meantime 
 Y the exercise of it 
 r the Society for tli 
 Sustainer in timo 
 ^ish Amerioan I'rn 
 •so field is especially 
 port's Land on tlii 
 If, and exhibit tli 
 )f our Communioi! 
 ine, the first Chri^ 
 ice desecrated am 
 an, restored to reli 
 for the trainine; oi 
 
 s ago were as Ictli 
 and the Church it 
 -ting all classes oi 
 md at this momcii 
 
 uaacr a phase more respectable in point of uniopulsivcness of doc- 
 trine and decency of worshii) than perhaps in any other part of (!hris- 
 tMldoin. 
 
 Our own Church in these liritish Provinces of America partici- 
 pictes in the general activity. It is striving afli^r organisation with 
 a now to self-sustenance and united action. Its deliverance from 
 depcndancc on the State, whose constitution essentially differs now 
 fsim what it was when the connexion commenced, is, under God, 
 likely to bo an advantage. The allegiance of the people to thoir 
 Sflritual Mother being seen to be a thing independent of legislative 
 eiiactmcnt&, will become inielligent; and the duty incumbent on 
 etfery individual to contribute systematically, according to his means, 
 to the furtherance of Christianity, will be duly taught and recogni/od. 
 
 -The dihcrent Christian comnmnions by which wo are surrounded 
 jtetake of the energy which, as we have seen, is actuating the res- 
 pictive bodies with which they correspond in the parent-state. Ac- 
 cording to the light and conviction of each, they are aiming to main- 
 tain among our rapidly-growing population the knowledge and 
 jttttctice of the religion of our Lord. 
 
 The neighbouring llcpublic of the United States presents a scene 
 Ijijiic'ii, in a Christian point of view, is a vigorous counterpart of all 
 iJiat we have noticed as going on. in their and our common father- 
 laaid. Their missions and dioceses now reach the Pacific. From 
 them, and from our own West Indian diocese of Barbados, the light 
 of Ilcvelation is being conveyed to the western shores of Africa. 
 Rrom them, as well as from ourselves, South America also is receiv- 
 ing the influence of a true Christianity. 
 
 We have taken a rapid glance at the provinces of Christendom. 
 Wc have seen that throbbings of a fresh life arc observable in each ; 
 Knd that the predicted day seems to be dawning upon us when all 
 nfetions sliall " subscribe with their hands unto the Lord, and sur- 
 name themselves by the name of Israel." Everywhere agencies are 
 at work tending to produce this result. Our conscientious convictions 
 tnay not allow us, in every instance, to cooperate with these. ]Jut 
 #here this is the case, our Lord's words — "Forbid them not" — ut- 
 tered to his disciples under somewhat analagous circumstances, 
 fhrnish us with a practical and consolatory rule of action. AVho are 
 ire that we should dictate to the All-Wise how He shall work y 
 When the ancient Churches, for the most part, fail to meet the exi- 
 gencies of the times, and refuse to rouse themselves when their ac- 
 tion is most needed, shall not God in His providence raise up extra- 
 ordinary instruments to do that which it appertained to them to do ? 
 Still we cannot forget our duty to her whom He has made our spir- 
 itual Mother. We cannot forget our duty to the respective b.istorical 
 bodies which, throughout the world, are "her fellows." We cannot 
 seek their dissolution, but must do our best to foster the returning 
 vitality which is manifesting itself in them — in the belief, that H(! 
 who is the same yesterday, to-day and forever, will yet use them as 
 rallying-points of unity ia the day when Christendom shall cease to 
 
IG 
 
 1)0 divided into "two kinjijdoiii.s any more at all," and the spirit ua 
 " David" .shall be kin<>; over tlicni. 
 
 We I ^ust not doubt nor despair nor be in haste, but reiucnibi 
 that wo are living in a transition-age, out of which will haply ari> 
 an improved state of human society. The present condition of nin>;k| 
 of the continental nations of Europe may be compared with that n 
 England in the iimc of Wiclif. The entrance of the Divine Won;; 
 intelligently unvrng them, is beginning to give them light. Tli:i* 
 process with comnniniticii, as with individuals, involves a great dca 
 of dividing psundcr of soul and spirit, of joints and marrow. In tlii 
 existing state of general information, however, and with the existin;. 
 facilities for intercommunication of people with people, wo raay bt 
 lievc that in the present age reformation will make much more rapiJ] 
 ])rogress than it did among our forefathers in the fourteenth century 
 
 Most of the great wars recorded in history have resulted in humai' 
 amelioration. It seems not improbable that the late brief b" it seven' 
 conllict will be overruled to a like end. Nations long severed havt* 
 been brought into close communion, and mutual prejudices discovi 
 ered to be without rational foundation. We have Ircady seen civil- J 
 isation penetrating Asia by (!hina and Japan; — now, up the rivcr> 
 and through the ports of the neutralized Black Sea, beneficent ini 
 iiuences will enter, and radiate inland far aiid wide. The ships and 
 caravans that distribute the merchandize of Western Europe over j 
 the great Continent of the Eastern Hemisphere will take with them, 
 to a greater extent than ever, the missionary and the Scriptures, tlu 
 man of science, his ideas and his appliances. 
 
 The ocular demonstration which the world has for tlie first tiiuei 
 had of the peculiarly terrific nature of war, now that all nations 
 alike can avail themselves of the expedients supplied by modern dis-| 
 covery and art, will tend to dctei men from war altogether. Thus wi 
 have an omen of the coming day when wars shall cease in all the^ 
 earth. In the assent which in the Congress at Paris was solemul); 
 accorded to the principle that recourse should always be had to tlicl 
 arbitrement of calm reason for the adjustment )f national disputes;! 
 and in the relinquishment of the custom of poarciiupon the high sea,s,| 
 we have signs of good pointing the same way. 
 
 Though we may not flatter ourselves that 'vc have seen the last' 
 convulsion which must attend the passing of a whole race from an| 
 all but dead state to one of genial life, let us hope that the' 
 remaining paroxysms arc destined to be few and brief; and that indeed | 
 the time is not far distant when, Ephraim no longer envying Judah, 
 and Judah no longer vexing Ephraim, all the populations of the eartli 
 shall be in the unfettered enjoyment of an enlight' led civilisation, and 
 definitively imbued with the spirit of a pure Christianity. 
 
 Maclear, Thomas & Co., Printers, IC, King Street East, Toronto. 
 
 % 
 
1," and the spiritual 
 
 i.stc, ^ut rciucinbd 
 ich will haply arisj 
 nt eoudition of iikwI 
 ipared with that n 
 »r the Divine Won;^ 
 
 them light. Tliir 
 nvolves a <i;reat dca , 
 ,nd marrow. In tlii 
 id with the cxistiri;. 
 
 people, wo may be ; 
 ko much more rapidi 
 
 fourteenth century f 
 c resulted in huniaiij 
 late brief b" it seven' 
 IS loD<i; severed havt? 
 il prejudices discov- 
 e Ircady seen civil- ;| 
 -now, up the rivcr> 
 : Sea, beneficent ini 
 de. The ships and 
 cstern Europe overj 
 vill take with them, 
 I the Scriptures, the 
 
 is for tlie fir.st timej 
 ow that all nations! 
 plied by modern dis-; 
 together. Thuswc- 
 lall cease in all thc^ 
 Paris was solemn!)! 
 ways be had to tlic| 
 f national disputes ;| 
 I upon the high seas, 
 
 I have seen the last I 
 whole race from an| 
 ; us hope that the; 
 ief; and that indeed! 
 ger envying Judah,! 
 ulations of the earth | 
 led civilisation, andi 
 istiauity. 
 
 ast, Toronto.