V] <^ /2 0% ^l. ?> /A IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I i;4 1^ 1^ IM ^ IIM III 2.2 1^ H^ 111= 1^ IM U •- u Wut» M 1.25 U 111.6 Photographic Sdences Corporation €S \ ;v \\ ^9> V O^ #^ . v:^ 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14S80 (716) 872-4503 ^^ CIHM/ICMK Microfiche Series. CIHIVI/ICIVIH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut canadien de microreproductions historiques \ % Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes tachniquas at bibliographiquaa The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibliographically unique, which may alter any of the images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming, are checked below. a D D □ Coloured covers/ Couverture da couieur I I Covers damaged/ Couverture endommagia Covers restored and/or laminated/ Couverture res^'aur^e et/ou peiliculie I I Cover title missing/ Le titre de couvi ture manque □ Coloured maps/ Cartes g^ographiques en couieur □ Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black)/ Encre de couieur (i.e. autre que blaue ou noire) I I Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ Planches et/ou illustrations en couieur Bound with other material/ RaliA avec d'autres documents Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin/ La re liure serree peut causer da I'ombre cu de la distorsion le long da la marge intdrieure Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajouties lors d'une restauratioh apparaissent dans le texte, mais, lorsque cela dtait possible, ces pages n'ont pas iti filmies. Additional comments:/ Commentaires suppt^mentaires; L'fnstitut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire qu'il lui a iti possible de se procurer. Les details de cet exemplaire qui sont peut-dtre uniques du point de vue bibliographique, qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une modification dans la m^thode normale de filmage sont indiquis ci-dessous. r~n Coloured pages/ Pages de couieur Pages damaged/ I I Pages endommag^es Pages restored and/oi Pages restaur^es et/ou pelliculies p~| Pages restored and/or laminated/ Q n Pages discoloured, stained or foxsd/ Pages d6color6es, tachet^es ou piquecs □ Pages detached/ Pages d^tachees HShowthrough/ Transparence I j Quality of print varies/ Quality indgule de I'impression Includes supplementary material/ Comprend du materiel supplementaire □ Only edition available/ Seule Edition disponible Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc., have been ref limed to ensure the best possible image/ Les pages totalement ou partiellement obscurcies par -jn feuillet d'errata, une palure, etc., cnt iti film^es A nouveau de facon d obtenir la meilleure image possible. This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est film^ au taux de reduction indiqu^ ci-dejsous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 26X 30X D p.— 1,„ 12X ItfX 20X 24X 28X 32X Tie copy filmad har* has baan raproducad thanks to tha ganarosity of: Department of Rare Books and Special Collections, McGill University, Montreal. Tha Imagas appaaring hara ara tha baat quality possibia considaring tha condition and lagibiiity of tha original copy and in kaaping with tha filming contract spacificationa. L'axamplaira fiimi fut raproduit grica A la ginirositi da: Department of R&re Books and Special Collections, IMcGilP University, Montreal. Laa imagas suivantaa ont it* raproduitas avac ie piua grand soin, compta tanu da la condition at da la nattati da I'axampiaira filmA, ct mn conformiti avac las conditions du contrat da filmaga. Original copias in printad papar covars ara filmed beginning with tha front covar and ending on tha last page with a printad or iliuatratad impraa- sion, or tha back covar whan appropriate. Ail other original copiaa are filmed beginning on the first page with a printad or iliuatratad Impraa- sion. and ending on the laat page with a printad or iiSustrsted impression. Les exempiairee originaux dont la couverture an papier eat imprimte sont fiimte an commanpant par la premier plat at 9n terminent soit par la derniire page qui comporte une ampreinte dimpreaaion ou d'iiluatration, soit par la second plat, aelon le eaa. Toua laa autraa axempiairas originaux sont filmto an commenpant par la premiire page qui comporte une ampreinte dimpreaaion ou d'iilustration at an terminent par la darniire page qui comporte une telle empreinte. The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain tha ^mboi —^(meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol T (meaning "END"), whichever appliea. Un dee symboles suivants apparaitra aur la demiAre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cae: le symbols -^ signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbols ▼ signifie "FIN". Meps, plataa. charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratioa. Thoae too lerge to be entirely included in one expoaure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand comer, left to right and top to bottom, aa many frames aa required. The following diagrama illustrate the method: Laa cartea, planches, tablesux. etc., pauvent dtre filmte i dee taux de rMuetion diffirents. Lorsque le document eet trop grand pour itra reproduit en un seui cilchA, il eat filmA i partir de I'angle sup^eur gauche, de gauche d droite. et de haut en baa, an prenent !e nombre d'Imagea nteaaaaira. Lea diagrammes suivants illustrent la m^thoda. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 %;, TWO ADDRESSES DELIVERED AT THE ANNIVERSARY MEETING OF THE MONTREAL AUXILIARY BIBLE SOCIETY ON JANUARY 29th, 1896, BY THE JiKV. F. M. DEWEY, M.A., and the liEV. DoNALD (HIANT, B.A. The General Committee considered these addresses of such importance as to warrant their publication in pamphlet form. With the kind permission of their authors, Uie Committee now sends them forth, with the prayer that their influence may contribute to the wider circulation of the AVord of God. M'>vtrmt BIBLE SOCIETY WOEK AMONG THE INDIANS. By the Rev. F M. Dewey, MA, of the Stanley Street Presbyterian Church. Mr. Pre»ideat and ChTls*lan Friends,— I have been asked, in seconding this re- scilution, to malte a very brief stateiment of the worlc of tlhe Bnitiab and Foreign Bible Society In other parts of Canada besides that accuipied by the Mtantreal Auxiliai-y, and especially among the In- d.ian tribes. In the Marilime Provinces there are auxilianies in the differenit citleB and, with their many branches, they overtake the needs of that portion of ouir Doanln- ion. In the Anoieint Capital there is an auxiliary which looks after the needs of the eaatern portion ot our province. In 1894 it had el^teen branches, emipiloy- ed six colporteurs and two bible women, and dlstnibuted 2,428 copies of God's word in whole or 'n part. The Ottawa auxiliary has 89 branches, employs ten calporteurs, wJxo visited In 1894 eight thousland four hundred and fifty families, one hundred and nieity-flve lumber shan- ties and depots, where there were seven thousamd ooe huindred and ninety-five men and disiposed of six thXMisand thiee hundred and eleven copies o^ ithe scrip- tures. They report that the work amiong the lumbermen is ev^.*r growing in Inter- esit, Roman Catholics are more accessible and the influence of the bdbJe upon the men is more apparent. xhe Upper Canada Bible Society has its centre of operations in Toronto. The territory which it occupies is very great, reaching away into the north-western provinces. Lost year there were five hundr'-.d and ninety branches and deposl- tories, twelve colporteurs were employed, six of w9iom labored in Manitoba and the North- West; thirty-two thousand nine hundred and seventy-seven copies of the scriptures were distrilbuled in twenty- etgih*. different languages. The work showed an encouraslng increase over that of the previous year. There are auxili- aries also in Perth, London, Winnipe'r and other westeoTL towus whose oper. ttons are very sdmilar to those already desorilwd. The Bible Society work among the na- Uve tribes of Canada is an intensely In- tere-sting study and fills one with ad- miration and gratitude. Our policy has been to treat the Indians as human boingp, capable of oivilizatlon, education ani evangelization. Results have amply Juistlfled this mode of treatment and not only 'have we never had an Indian war but It is wnfldently affirmed that such a thing Is an absolute iimpossdbility. There are over a hundred thousand In- dians in Canada, all of whom are loyal to tlie BritisTi Ci'own, very many of whom have settl9d down to civilised life and are earnestly silriving to be consistent Chrlstiians. These results are due very largely bo the efforts of the British and Foreign Bible Society to give ttiese sev- erail tribes the word of God in their own language. It is an Interesti-.g facit that the first issue of the soctoty in a foreign language was one of the gospels printed for the Moihawk Indians in 1804. If we mentally follow a map of Canada it will aid us in our review of this work. Let us comimcrce with the inhosipitable shores of Labrador. We find there the Eskimo, who are, in many Avays, the low- c3-t in the scule of life. Their name means 'raw flesh eaters'; they never go any distance inland, live in huts of snow and ice in winter and in summer oon- struct rude dwellings of turf, partly un- derground. There are about twenty-six thousand Eskimo found at different points on the Arctic coast from Labrador to Alaska. The first efforts made Tor their evangelization was "by Moravian mission- aries in 1771. These devoted men en- dured great hardships but were rewarded by establishing a Christian mission ar^ong these rude tribes. Their work continues until the present time and in 1887 tliey had on the Labrador coast six stations, fourteen ordained missionaries, twenty- four lay workers, men and women, and over sixty native holpers, and six schools. Their language has been reduced to writ- ing and the whole bible has been trans- lated into it. The British and Foreign Bible Society hias printed seventeen thous- and and thirty copies of the scrip'tures for this mission. In 1887 work was com- menced in Alaska, wlhere tihere arr two missJon stations and two ordained work- ers. In the Maritime Provinces there are small remnants of Indian tribes. The Mlc- raacs are in Nova Sccitia and Cape Breton, for whom the scriptures have been trans- lated, both in Roman letters and phon- etic eharaaters, and nine thousand three hundred and eleven copies printed by tJhe society. The Maliseot, or 'bad speaking Indians,' are found in New Brunswick. The G-ospel of St. John has been trans- lated into theiir language and one fthous- and fl've tiundred and twenty copies issued. The Iroquois are in Quebec and Ontario. Thc^iie remain only alboul eighit thousand of this tribe, w'h.ich was once such a power and terror In this country. The Roman Catholic Church has the religious oversight of this por- tion of our population almost entirely, but some of them have been reached by the word of God. The four gospels are transila;ted into their language and a thousand copies issued ftor their benefit. In the vicinity of Niagara there ramain a few of the Mdiajwk tribe. Tbelr lan- guage s'as reduced to writing in the be- ginning of this century, portions of the Old and New Testaments have been trans- lated and two thousand copies published. On the northern shores of Lake Supe- rior the Ojibwa or Salteaux i'iians are met with, the remnant of a on( numerous and very sturdy race. Christian mis- sions were establtehed among them many years ago; their language was wrlttan, and Genesis, the Psalms, the Minor Pro- phets and John's Gospeil translated and printed for their benefit. Going further north we reach the shores of that Inland sea. Hudson's Bay. Thiis is the scene of a most interesting mission work, car- ried on principally by the Churdh Mis- sionary Society of England. Many thou- sands of Indians are found scattered over that vas't territory. The language spok- en by them Is prinolpally the Cree. The first mlaaionary went out In 1822 and the work has grown to suoh dimensions that there were In 1887 Lhirly-one stations, twenty-two foreign, and seventeen native ordained workers, forty-seven lay work- ers, thirteen female helpers, forty-three schools and over one thousand two hun- dred scholars. OtJher societies, such as the Methodttst and PresbyteTian, have aid- ed largely In the work of giving the blessings of Christlani'ty to those north- ern tribes. Special mentiion must be made of tho great work done by fb.e Rev. Jas. Evans, of 'the Methodist Church. He was sent out about sixty years ago and is describ- ed as 'wlthou^o doubt the grandest and most successful of all missionaries to the Indians of the vast domain.'^ of British North America.' Soon .iTter he cn^ra- menoed his work he found it was all but impossible to teach the Indians to read, as they so frequently moved from one bunting ground to another. For years he pondered the question : ' Is there not an easier method of teaching them to read? He solved the probtem by invent- ing the syllabic cbaracters. By the coonbination' of circles, triangles and hooks he formed thirty-six different char- acters, each of wTiich represents a syl- labOe. With the-, and a few secondary signs, he was enabled to read their lan- guage. Having made thiis discovery he then proceeded to translate and print the Word of God. With difBculty be secur- ed the thin sheets of lead fPoim the tea boxes of the fur traders which he melted into small bars. Wiith his pocket knife he cut out the type; from the soot of the chimney Ihe made ink; the thin layers of blirch bark served for paper and a rude press of hlis own making completed the printer's outfit. You can imagine the delight with wMdh he looked upon the first printed sheet. And if his delight was great the ariazement of the Indians was greater — to th'ink tihat the birch bark could speak to them! The report of this invention reached EngQond and the so- ciety whlcli Mr. Evans represented sent out a supply of type, paper and a print- ing presis for his use. Later on tlie B. and F. B. S. took up the matter and printed the scriptures in the syllabic characters. It is now used by all the societtes working there, Pro- teatant and Roman I'athoHc. and much of their literature is printed in that form. It is so easy to learn these syllabic char- acters that Mr. Young, a Methodist mis- sionary, says that he has often come up- on an Indian tribe and after winning their confidence, has taught them to read in a few hours. TIaking the end of a burnt stick from the fire he wrote the characters upon the face of the rocks near by; he then gave both old and young their flrsit reading lesaon. After a few such drills he would put bibles in- to their hands, furnished by the B. and F. B. S., and opening at the flrsit chap- ter of Genesis they would slowly read the wonderful wtords of God. When Lord Dufferin became acquainted with this In- vention In 1878 he said that many a dis- tinguiiBhed man was given a place In Westminster Abbey for doing less than the inventor of the syllabic characters had done. I had a pleasant experience In connec- tion with this matter a few months ago. While visiting tho Royal Victoria Hospi- tal one day I met a pure-bloodeJ Indian from Hudson's Bay. He could not speak a single word of English nor could I speak a word of his language. He took me over to his bedside and showed me two books. One was the bible and the other was the Church of England prayer book, both printed in syllabic characters. They served as an introduction; I felt we were brothers in Christ Jesus. The poor stranger's countenance fairly beam- ed with joy as he handled those precious treasures. What a blessing those books were to him ! No human voice could speak to him, but God spoke to him words of comfort and hope from the sac- red page. He spoke to God aided by those beautiful forms of prayer, and thus he was not alone although so far from his own people. He died a few days af- terwards and I doubt not his spirit went home to God, a trophy of this good work of which we have been speaking. The whole bible has been translated into the Cree language and 33,590 copies In whole or in part, issued by this society. Paissing westward from Fort Church- hill on Hudson's Bay to Lake Artha- Dasca the Chipewayan Indians are met with- They have been reached by the Gospel, and 1,506 copies of the/ New Tes- tament issued in their language. The Biackfeet Indians on the South Saskatch- ewan have been provided with 504 copies of St. Matthew's Gospel in their language. The Beaver Indians on Peace River have received the same number of Mark's Gospel in their language. The Tinne Indians on the Mackenzie River have the whole New, Testament translat- ed into their language and printed in both Roman and syllabic characters, of which they have received 3,792 copies. Crossing the Rocky Mountains we find that the native tribes halve been reached by the message of salvation. The Haida Indians, on Queen Charlotte Islands, sup- posed to be the finest of the native tribes, arel ministered to by the C. M. S. Matthew's Gcispel is translated into their language and 506 copies printed by the ■ B. and F. B. S. The Kwagutl Indians on Vancouver Island have three Gospels printed in their language, and 1,522 copies have been issued. The Turkudh Indians on the Youcon River, Alaska, have the Pentateuch, Joshua, Ruth and the whole of the New Testament trans- lated Into their language, and 6,399 copies have been published. The Nish- kah Indians on the Nasis River, British Columbia, are the last to receive aid from the Bible Society. The New Testa- ment has been translated into their language by their devoted missionaries. They are living so far north that the manuscript was a whole year on the way before it reached London. The proof sheets were two years going ana return- ing. Four years passed before the print- ed copy of God's Word could reach the mission after the translation was sent away. How delighted they must be find- ing themselves In possession of the print- ed word ! We thus find that the British and For- eign Bible Society has given the bible, in w^hole or in part, to the naitive tribes of Canada in sixteen languages or dia- lects, and that no less than 81,967 copies of God's Word have been published by that society for our Indian population. Well may we ask, how much does Canada owe that society for the glorious work it has done in her behalf ? lUr.LE TllANSLATIOX. HVTIIK KkV. DONAI.I) <;ii.VNT, B.A., OK TIIK FlKST BaI'TIST CiIUROH. I. WHAT IS BIBLE TKANSLATION ? The word translation means literally a carrying over. Thuis a book is trans- lated when the sense of it is brought over or expressed in another language than thit in whiich it was originally written. The aim of the translafcor is to make the thought of the book intelligible by cloth- ing it in words that the people can un- derstand. Translators of the bible find that the old-3st manuscripts of this reve- lation of God are written in languages with which only the feiw are acquainted. They find, too, that tihose for whom the wiord of God has been written speak many different languages. Their work, there- fore, is an earnest endeavor to meet the needs of all men and give them the bible in their own tongue. The translation of the bilble as thus the process by wWcli the word of God Is given 'free socpe' by transferring Its thought fi"om tlhe dead langimgea of aDtlquity to the living lan- guages of to-day. It is the ui'^f.klng of the treasure-house of God and the putting Into olroulatlon of thoit, whe society has done. Dotted aJll over the maip are red numbers. These Indicate the lands for which the society's translaitors have been at work and where the languages and dialects they have. used are spoken. North in Alaska and south In Tierra del Fuego, in Nor- way and In Cape Colony, in Liberia, and Ctylon, in Australia and in numerous lesser Islands of the sea these red figures meet the eye. Many interesting facts connected with the society's work como to mdnd as the eye rests now upon one part and then another of this map and allusion to some ot them may bo of interest ait this point. Here, for example, la Afglhanl»tan. w