.^vJ-, 
 
 E^^,^„^ 
 
 Works, 8, Victoria Street, Liverpoou 
 
|LBn*t«*/.VU ^fiir.9^t\^kr%'^ n'/tfrt"^«^rT»» -.^ r«^*vnfA% 
 
 JJif* I !*»>►>* »•*■ «»• ft »!• »#».*► |..*.ir^ #•* ...J 4'.^ Ill— ..l.^.., ,.i* J ,f^-, ..4 _: .»_».>f 
 
 »f;vwl#- 7 0**>tl*»IX 1»'rffC«k*f* «tt*V *«o«l^ *fC«t'l -fc-,>»0 «wlf* «-.l al^.S*! IP 
 
 Hin" »* ♦• Jw.^ *f. J •-.1 ,*.»». M <X-.*»-- ,j »:..,.... . ^r... ^^ . f . .. »; i r ., • * .1 , . ,i,. ,. . -J - -.. _ . 
 ^"•J*"- »••» ••» ^j...j!.,..;7» 4. ■.rj..,^,, ♦■...t - ,.» , »,';,. „„44 If;..' U„.u ,jr .i >> 
 
 .. ,,.JJJ£ ..CANADJAIi .NJ3iitilrI,ESL;„ ■" 
 
 «(»««« •;4 -»-*->-. ^* 4^;*x^. ^i' ' I I ifi i si^ iB f i n i ] 11 i ^^i ^^* ,}"J,-,. Ir:,.. _:ir 
 
 *»«»-«^ ««.«! •.«**} ^^»#«« -»J^ ,»-*..'- , ■;. vj -U.^, I — ;; * . ^4, ._ * — .^^ l.^^l ,. JT 
 
 r 7* " "" THP PRAIRIE ^ECTIGR 2' T 1" 
 
 .* — -Ther PtairiJ? Sflctiott of the Canafiem Nortii<-west, extending' westwnfd rfPom'-^e 
 ■TwlghlJonTbooti of Wmiripeg^ to the base of the Kocky Mountains; a Jistancedf Df«r 
 "e^t hundred miles, contains lai^ tracts of the finest agi-icultural had in tbeirorld. 
 «Tbe "prairie is generally rolling or uiidulatiiig;' with clumps ■ of • wood and lines of 
 'l^JreSt trm? mid- -mere. ' itahonndt with lakes; iakeletsand- ruiming: >>tre^nirf,- in :Hio 
 
 neighbourhood of which the scenery in many parts has'beeii deicribedas fiicaiiinjg'tlie 
 
 finest park scener;^ in England. 
 
 Tfie'nchness of the soil and the sialubrity of the"clihiat8, which is peculiarly 
 adapted to" ttte'cuJHvation of grain'ahd raising of stock, will' assuredly cause this vast 
 tract of country 'fo become, in the, near future, the home of millions of liappy and 
 prosperous people. _^ _^ _;; -, _^ -^ 
 
 How 0O Tun Reaclit Thieris ? You can purchase ■ 'JtHfo'iigh; tickets " 
 to points in liyTanitoba by any of the ocean steamers running to America, and on 
 landing in Canada or the United States you can go by all rail, or by part rail and 
 '^rfrt fefeytfT-Hanrfobftf "Tbert'iire *everfe} ]»oute*alMW> w^lahfiiH- infoTBlE^on can 
 be obtained on application to any yteamship agent. • Next spring (l:8S4)-the Oaimdtan 
 Pacific £uilway <viU be in a position td take Jfassengers from Montreal right through 
 to the Oanadian 'Notth-west as far as the Rotiky Mountains. Close connection will 
 be made at Montreal with all lines runnicgJtoJiueJt)^, Halifax^JSew Xwk, JBogtan, 
 Philadelphia,.aniij3ther .seaports iu thja^ United States. This will be the shortest, 
 most direct, and cheamst route to the North-west. 
 
 How Many Hays will Ihe Journey Take? Under ordinary 
 
 circumstances you wtll- go from England,- Scetismdj- Ireland- or the Cftntiitent to 
 Winnipeg in fifteen or twenty <iay»i • - • - • - • 
 
 > *• ■» HAW ]||u<A 'Will Hit- COS^? - 4b «r4e» to obtain 1ti»tmo6t reliable i^forma- 
 ^tibit-©B- this point, yoa had bettle^ apply to the^Steamship Agents, who will be «bl« 
 "tDgire yoa-the -^fullest partioi^ars*- "c-" : -:,- .» — 
 
 .v> i- -- - -J.^-... . r----' ^ — ' • . ■ • --•■' ■ 
 
 '"• -When.*SllOlll<l I Co?: Fi«m April to J- na i^ the best time for a nmn 
 wfHi-HnTitedTneaiwteriitart fw-Mfioitobft, %eoa«se hfe will h«Te a ehanee t05ge> some 
 work done on his fai-m in time, probal^Iy, to secure a partial crop the- -mUt-ytu. 
 
I ANSy^ERS TO QUSSTiONS CONOERNINO MAKITOBA 
 
 March is too early, because the roads will not \m in good condition for traT«lluu{ 
 when Manitoba is reiched. Probably the finest time of the year for a man witK 
 means to ^o and locate land is August, September and even October, but he mnit 
 not expect t:o b« able to d* mnch in the way of improvements till the followiB^ 
 spring. 
 
 Which is the Best Plan when Parchasing Tickets? Alwajt 
 
 insist upon gecting a "Tlirough Ticket to Manitoba,' because it will tave yon a 
 great deal of trouble and annuyance m route by doing so. Yon can purchaM ticket! 
 from the steamship ageuts to any station on the Canadian Pacific Rulway. 
 
 How Much Baggaze Shoald we Take? As little as po8aibl^ 
 
 nothing more thau is actually necessary, because you can pnrchaae articles more 
 suitable to the country when you reach Manitoba, and at very reasonable prices. 
 
 How Shall I Transfer my Money to Manitoba? After bayins 
 
 your through ticket to Winnipeg, and reserri'ig such a sum for your pocket as will 
 meet extra demands, you should place all tL balance in a Bank for remittance tc 
 Canada. The Bank will then give you a draft payable at Winnipeg, or an> c'hu 
 place in which you may settle. 
 
 What Should a Person Do on Reaching Manitoba? On 
 
 arriving there the first step should be to visit the Land Offices of the Canadian 
 Pacific Railway, and there inspect the field notes and maps descriptive of the lands. 
 This will enable the intending settler to choose a locality in which to seek his farm. 
 The land grant of the Canadian Pacific Railway along the main line has been 
 divided into agencies as far as the third meridian. These are : — Carberry, Brandon, 
 Virden, Moosomin, Broadview, Wolseley, Regina, and Moose-jaw. Each district hfs 
 its land office, with an agent empowered to sell. Field notes will be on file at each 
 office for the use of intending purchasers, and guides appointed to direct settlers to 
 the land thty wish to examine. Under this arrangement immigrants and others 
 will have no difficulty and experience no inconvenience in choosing a suitable location 
 for themselves. In the case of taking free homeeteads, pre-emption or purchasing 
 from the government, the business will have to be transacted at the nearest of the 
 following Dominion Land Offices : — 
 
 WiNNiPEQ Offick G. Newcome, Acting Agent. 
 
 Nklsonvillk Office Heney Lahderkin, Ading Agent. 
 
 Gladstone Office Joseph Graham, Acting Agent. 
 
 Odanah Office A. E. Fisher, Acting Agent. 
 
 BiRTLE Office A.J. Belch, Acting Agent. 
 
 Brandon Office Geo. Newcombe, Acting Agent. 
 
 Turtle Mountain Office G. F. Newcombe, Acting Agent. 
 
 Prince Albert Office George Duck, Acting Agent. 
 
 Where are the Offices of the Company to be Found ? Th* 
 
 General Offices are in Winnipeg : 
 
 W. C. Van Hornb, OeneraZ Moma^tr, 
 Wm. Harder, Aitistemt Traffic Manager; 
 
 also the Office of the Land Department, 
 
 J. H. McTavibh, Land Commissunur. 
 
 The Hbad Office of the Company is at Montre«\ 
 
 C. Drinkw^ .jsr. Seen. ^y. 
 
 The London Oifxgb of the Company is at 101, Cannon Street, 
 
 Alexander Beoo, Agent. 
 
 How Can a Person Choose a Location to Settle ont 
 
 The Canadian North-west is laid ofi* in townships six miles square, containing 
 thirty-six sections of 640 acres each, which are again sub-divided into quarter 
 sections of 180 acres. A road allowance having a width of one chain is pro\ided for 
 on each section lino running north and south, and on every alternate section line 
 running east and west The following diagram shows a township with the sections 
 Bwnbered:— 
 
 ^^o^^'^^^r\ <6%^~ 
 
W2) TEE CANADIAN NORTH- WEST. 
 
 N 
 
 W 
 
 SI 
 
 tt 
 
 88 
 
 84 
 
 86 
 
 80 
 
 80 
 
 » 
 
 £8 
 
 37 
 
 SO 
 
 tt 
 
 10 
 
 30 
 
 31 
 
 38 
 
 88 
 
 S4 
 
 18 
 
 17 
 
 10 
 
 16 
 
 14 
 
 18 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 IS 
 
 « 
 
 ft 
 
 i 
 
 8 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 E 
 
 S 
 The sections are apportioned as follows : 
 
 Open fo» Homestbad aio) PBE-KMPnoNa,— Nos. 2, 4, 6, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 
 20, 22, 24, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36. 
 
 Belonoinq to the Canadian Pacefio Railway.— Nob. 8, 6, 7, 16, 17, 19, 
 23, 27, 31, 36. 
 
 Sole to the Canada Northwest Land Company by the Canadian Paoifio 
 Railway,— Nos. 1, 9, 13, 21, 25, 33. 
 
 HiTDBON Bay Company's Lands.- Nos. 8, 26, 
 
 School Sections. — No*. 11, 29 {reserved by Government solely for school 
 purposes). 
 
 What are the Canadian Pacific Railwajf Cd.'s Regulations 
 
 for tlie Sale of Land ? The completion of the Canadian Pacific Railway to the 
 neighborhood of the South Saskatchewan River, about 600 miles westward from 
 Winnipeg, and the rapid progress made in the Government Surveys, during the past 
 season, enable the Company to oflfer for sale some of the finest Agricultural lands in 
 Manitoba and the North-west. The lands within the Railway belt, extending 24 
 miles from each side of the main line, will be disposed of at prices ranging from 
 
 $2.60 (lOi. STEBLIKO) PER ACRE. 
 
 upwards, with conditions requiring cultivation. Prices of lands without conditions of 
 cultivation can be obtained from the Land Commissioner. When cultivation or 
 settlement forms part of the consideration a rebate will be allowed, as hereinafter 
 described. ITieac regulations are substituted for and cancel those hitherto in forte. 
 
 TEKMS of payment. 
 
 If paid for in full at time of purchase a Deed of Conveyance of the land will be 
 given ; but the purchaser may pay one-sixth in cash, and the balance in five annual 
 instalments, with interest at six per cent, per annum, payable in advance. Payments 
 may be made in Laud Grant Bonds, which will be accepted at ten per cent, premium 
 on their par value and accrued interest. These Bonds can be obtained on application 
 at the Bank of Montreal, Montreal ; or at any of its agencies. 
 
 REBATE. 
 
 A rebate of from $1.25 to $8.50 (63. to 14s. sterling) per acre, according to th« 
 price paid for the land, will be allowed on the following conditions : 
 
 1. The purchaser will not be entitled to rebate unless at time of purchase he enters 
 
 into an undertaking to cultivate the land. 
 
 2. One-half of the land contracted for to be brought under cultivation within four 
 
 years from dete of contract. 
 8. In cases where purchasers do not reside on the land, at least one-eighth of the 
 whole quantity purchased shall be cultivated during each of the four years ; 
 but this condition will not be insisted upon in the case of an actual settler 
 residing continuously on the land, who will have the prinlege of doing his 
 coMvatioB »t any time wiliiin tke period xuuaed. 
 
^ ANS WB^f^ H-p ^,^UJl?;rip^^ ^ gOilfG^Mf^^Qx MANITOBA 
 
 4. Where a purchaser fails to carry oat fully the conditioDS as to cultivation within 
 the time named, he will be required to pay the full purchase price on all the 
 land contracted jfo^i But if fr/Pm Oftuses .(jeyoijd his control, proved to the 
 eatisf action of the Company, a settler so faili, he may be allowed the rebate 
 on the land actually cultivated during the foui years on payment of the 
 balance due, inclu^fug ^te ful^ pui;chase .jprice^.^f the remainder of the land 
 contracted for. | 
 
 QKNBR1.L CONDITIONS. ' 
 
 All sales are subjeci t«the following general eonditions : 
 
 1. All improvementsr^placed upon land purchased to be nydntained thereon until 
 
 final payment ha« been made. ' j I 
 
 2. All taxes and asseasments lawfully imposed upbn the land or improvements to 
 
 be paid by the purchaser. ] 
 
 3. The Company resei^vesf fcom/salev .under these regulations, all mineral and coal 
 
 lands, and landd containing timber in quantities,: stone, slate and marble 
 quarries, lands with water-power thereon, ^d tracts for town sites and 
 mlway purposesJ . • . ^ i ^ 1 c i o ; 
 
 4. Mineral, coal and timber lands and quarries, and lands controlling water-power, 
 
 will be disposed of on very modta^te terms to persons giving satisfactory 
 evidence of their intention and abUJlyto utiJize tl^e-jsanja,,^ .-,..! r,.- „, t' 
 
 %f T^e^Pompaj^f l^s^rvfs ^ right to t«ke .\ifithoi]4;i reqiuneraticw (fe^ept |qr the 
 value of buildings and improvements on the required portion of l&^d^) 9.strj|> 
 or stijps of.land 200 feet wide, to be n^ed for rigjit of way, or other railway 
 
 >*' ' ' ptirposesV wiereVer tHef Hrie'of the'CkMdikn'PiiMc Rdlwky, orttny "t^ncn 
 thereof, is or shall be located. 
 
 V.^''Bi'6eM'¥it§il for setilen^-i^d'theu eff^ viU .^ t^ted by t&« Comtialiy ova 
 its Railway. '•^••■'^' T'i Ai M ,\ «'7. /»*,.i;r 
 
 , .^ll^y .Cap j^jpyernment i.I^apds be Obtained 7 The Dominion 
 
 tjWvffnment give free graiits of loO acres of land, and also afford settlers the right to 
 pre-empt an additional 160 acres. Full information «n this point can be bb^lned 
 
 *'^' ;)mj^:>^iamm»h Xand Be^lations'9tb^^Xll^^^al'4llM 
 
 ipS!^j"6T tj&e.'lJ'nitcd States? Yes. The fee for taking ijp a homestead fjc 
 ife^ihjttoi as ©^^^{I'O, whereas it is $26, and in spme casies |K54, in the ITnited 
 it^B'-ai|d[tHe taking of a homestead does not pr^ve^^'yo^^o^jPi^^-einptinct flp 
 ^*^aa{iig'(fthef government landis. ' "'"''' "'"''. '"" '.'" ■•"■■''"""■ 
 
 There is no cast-iron oath of allegiance to be taken, Mtthe following required by 
 
 M>Vi>Kf ««'.«( .«>.<.*«*% t>*.»'JticuiseI DiKsnot, VStase of •.'•*««-•••*•«'«• •w««.k*i:«ay«*«i»**'^ tAt^^i-'w' > fo« 
 
 I. T'r. '..■....'. ^I ..'.'. .^ .'.■..■.."".;■.. ... ."do swear that I will stippoft (tie C<m«fetntioh of tee tfnffW 
 
 States of America, and that I do ahsoiutei/'ahd entirely Rraounce and Abjure forever all Allegiance 
 WJdiSidelit^.to.ie^apy FoKJgnr I'ower, triuce, Potentate, 8tat« or Sovertigntf whatever, and 
 
 " furU>«r, 
 
 jrMM'bM 
 
 past, and in itiis- state for one year iaat past. •' " ■•• • «• ■ ' ■ ' ' • ./ . • .' mn 
 
 /I^,tJ*'.lS»hl<lW*^.Wd:«WO>a"tOinOP«l>.C<WrtrV .*...<.>.,.• ;.:.«........ ...v^ ^.v.t. c.- .•,r..i, ,,,, 
 
 siM ^PJ^^^^^-^^^^^^^^^'^^^''^^^^^^^ uiiless.heis.jccfgpwed to 
 
 fobscriBfe" to the aliQyewtib;..--^ ,,,„../;,, J ^,,, „,. }.,^,.;-.\,j u;^ ),„.r ^.^ ,.« f,^,.j ^,,„^ 
 
 Where can I Obtain the Corapany's Land Reinilatlons 
 
 6r the roTlowmg gentlemen : ' , ^ .. . .,.. ,„ ^ ^^ ; ,„, „. . .^ , 
 
 •rfi >« r'+n'a.w «.f"' i<.«^.'G: DwkkwAtSu, Seetetdry of ihe'Oompainy, Jtffntrtak "' 
 : m**rf^ »i>'3 <*(?> v< rf .,<j,jH. McTAVtsfi, iarui <kmmim&nef, Winnipeg, Atofi&oba. 
 WA»** J<""-.« »P V, -••AiflritAaiD-BlBKCtj; '0^0/ Canddiaii, Paetfit Jittlttvwyt, 
 
 C 
 
Jflen with some c&pital can mrest it to adyantage, either m a commercial ofrJfflW/S 
 
 ffWff 'nut'/nitM-i''' ,TaoT*i.'f)iii,.I JnOiT/itrA 
 
 Wl^O.^honld not'CJdT'r^tflaWil'Irfd'vlife'^ifjyAft^not to go ; an deMnds on 
 the enef^j'fnd activity of tJwindlVM.i^^:;h^lP^,|f^^ti\ft?,^ Wf(#1K^would, 
 however, cantion those who have Deen^accust.o^ngd to desk and counter work that in 
 a new conDtr^4t^re are generall]^ moi'e appU'cants for sucji situatipn»,^ib^.,4J>ere are 
 situatior- illj ^ rnari WRQ is not prepared ta tarn, hia hanidit*. any- teofiiourable 
 work ** nv ap had better stay at home — • • ' u',n-^i.!ii ; > ^utjo-hBO 
 
 S" f .. .. Biifn 'iiiilnillA 
 
 ^TF<^i>^ii^« »oin«6ti<6 ¥«r¥ants Tb Demanllf''\e8, at 
 
 ^ .. ent they au^ «nd wages aracoxLsef^Aiitly. high.; ■gurLi.e«niaseiiiiiclp«iiniK to ^63 
 per month, withixxtfd^ tauauU. 
 
 IftT^Eliere a Demand for Hechanics ? Good mechanics are 
 
 wanteA^! dome idea tt«y.bfe iotoM *#''tM«%l!efit'Wifl9oa)j,'**(ar|WBtl*rffa«i4'!)rt;lMB^s 
 received m high as 1^3. ^tim ^er'(^ftTl#^alf.''* 'ftlei'fe^li^dbntfe'Af ^f^fWTO^ 
 njjfliber.oTijew buildings ifi Winnipeg, Portage la Prairie, Emerson, Brandon, Regina, 
 fpr 1883, not wyjog WJ<;his^g,i9( ,tW.bwldi»gr.'Opw«»^ WbitWjOther.^iftrfnei'pJwns 
 Wi^llWM tJvqftgbPUl; the fi;o(rpitr3v,,HiW««P*lw«f^ 6i«!PbA«*».ito,i$fci»*^hdhy*i«»4 
 ^BSfili.flWW.W^W* fiWfP-'io /iJrj.f) ft if>l •(«!•) fuonnifji « no pJk-ji doh oa Laaiiuonoiq 
 ^ _ , , „ . .iMl Y!ji:in R* qjylj at ui vkI'j odJ nooala smoa m 
 
 18 Living Expensive ? Old coontry people say cheaper than in Great 
 
 B4W|S^IVH ™fl[*rf^i»«»»Mi^4»iH»#*J*ed}gJ|iJfSai»irtt^^ the 
 
 hnr. lL>i!i(!iil 'ioi)i(io4^^'-' i>ai4.<'i""Ji:l f>ni!if'l f.iil t(, 'jn'>o« oiU -Kf oi ai ilotdw vjilaool 
 
 P A|i|)(fl)l>S|<i?. u fXe% ey^xy thing ; ^n,bfl ,pr»rchaspd thm *t iM*W§afew>*JW«f «.inf* 
 qqlyrin Wmmfiegr oat at all^eiothei eaatyef ofl^ijiij alftfigjl^ iwojft^flnl^iWSioMi^ 
 tjjyqugho^lj th^^cvuRt^r.; ,.4;gricultural, impl««fiRtsfc,f|:5)^tb«i>B,,4j|iyia9p^ ap^fflfffpep^g 
 can be bought as cheap m Manitoha^iWFffbfifejriW ^«/4#«P9«u«a Massib li ,eJiml 
 
 •M'KWt''' ' '"■'"•'' '■"'■' '""^ ,'()ii'i!;lrK ii'jii.'.vfiuu H)'j:i:iuilo It i8»w-iino»l asiDfiueO odl 
 iHn To aJ«i(iilo 9iiJ Jfidi 0oiJia««* sitJ oiolsiedT .olqo^ guoisqsoiq ,idilA9d 
 
 out-buildings, and a certm^iiikmifiX »tfa"tfflaiJ'''cT«ftimMn',' Ife^SRtf-iW^Apf 
 \;Hlthp,-mKkftf;?MiiiftgU b^i^f^ldwiedi^t i^ita^ed; pwotelfngBifMimfiyiditgig to 
 Ktiy^irpatr^itiiftrPidti' tocfcakauap^^iunrolai^vaifd se^ittvij^. poititfnijthftifldiiiatiini 
 The most satisfactory plan, howeTer,.fv(A ket^ifli^<t«id9 a{>B9itidiuIti^di^qMn)9 
 
 biiB faOg- i '^i l/p -Tilt*-." ifcjJlIltl ^ ' 'MPifi'ft^ftT^lf ifflST — ^ome^fe^A^"^^^ ^ 
 ment as soldien; ^ver^nwitr i^^ am'lequma otuyW r^pecT tie law"! 
 intanfkfci><th0«H^R!«i6n^of;i^ ted ia'^ifi^%l>u4nM^'liA^4f«i%il^^«f ^«t«t^iBtij are 
 
 (tfa»<^!ifot(|;^d^'panilait>ieiuarsctNi'>''^''''' ' ''^^'^ ^'^^ •''-''X ^^i' ^<^ uoi^>s« s!d«7o^(i9 Jeom 
 8«d 3Tjd()i!O0i)*; -Jiu bufl ,9aaiq -i-Ar-i ".Hrfl f)hrmq srii laoY oiii lo boii-jq gidJ JA 
 
 How about the Soil?t<i't^«i» i»><'^ge»^tty<««ois]^«8ll{41i«bi«fiathatdtk8 
 great fe^i^/!ot^e^4j)#4< i^ ,tb« J?ol:thw6ati»<lu«9gB]Kii«Hy'tto:>tb9Be-c*U«a9^first, 
 
 ,^-ii!!ili^atev«Eiiina^ohii^!!b^ii;iliii47bsBU i^afiitinoxxtibnr.'nolin^ftf IthbaianQ, 
 iamaviti'ih»i!6 i^sm9,iafivie kiiichBis~of-;greafc[im^3Vtai8a8;i'a)i^iJiat Ud^e^ptfccnf 
 good soil in the prairie country. It has beenjfleqii«dtl]rafcat£&i(flmt>t^ tiapiihcat 
 black loam in the North-west will range from one to four feet, and in some instances 
 ;4rt«BiAwpv til^VbiOlto >t««e«liHttJI«lotf|euft^yitt^^ The 
 
 Md ado^iiuM .^djlasd xi4»iuuan qui oaibliio ; aiteaiaa eu wBa8«il> oimebat 
 
• ANSJFESS TO QUXSTIOITs CONOSBNINQ MANITOBA 
 
 testimony of f»nneT8 liTing in OTer one hundred and fifty d!uerant localities in 
 Manitoba demonstrated that the average depth of the loam in that province was over 
 three feet. 
 
 AVALTTIOAL L^BOKATOBT, BUBOBOM' HaU) 
 
 SsurevBaB. 
 tmxuna or iamplb or lunTOBA soiu 
 
 Molatnie ^^ .r.... 81.S64 
 
 Orgaalo matter eoatalning nitrogen •qoal to ammonia, S3* ...... ILSSt 
 
 ULim mattkb. 
 
 PhoepbatM • <....„ MTS 
 
 CorboBato of lime „....„..„ 1.7<S 
 
 Carbonate of magnesia. .>...«.......«.........,.....» „ 0. 987 
 
 AUuline lalyi .^_ ..,„.........„ ,. >. 1.S7S 
 
 OHdeoliron ..„.,. .«.....«_.....^.,._..., 8.115 
 
 7.M0 
 
 Sand and silica -..._....«...«...._....«.„«..... 61.731 
 jUotQlna .............._„.».....«.....>.. 8.133 
 
 50.868 
 
 100.000 
 The above soil Is veir rich In organic matter, and contains the ftall amonnt of the salins 
 ferttUsing matters found in all soils of a good bearing quality. 
 
 (Signed) STEPHENSON MACADAM, M.D.. 
 
 Lecturer on Cheraistiy. 
 
 The large proportion of silica in the above analysis indicates that the soil is 
 
 particnlarly well adapted to the growth of v^heat. The black loam or mould thus 
 
 pronounced so rich rests on a tenacious clay for a depth of from one to four feet, and 
 
 m some places the clay is as deep as ninety feet. 
 
 Are the Climate and Seasons favourable to Settle- 
 ment t Of paramount importance to the emigrant is the healthfulness of the 
 locality which is to be the scene of his future labours and the home of himself and 
 family. What to him are the fair fields, flowering meadows, and luxuriant growth 
 of fertile soils under tropical suns, if they generate fe^er-producing miasma and 
 vapour ? What are soft and perfumed breezes, if they waft the seeds of pestilence 
 and death I What are bountiful harvests of golden grain and rich and mellow 
 fruits, if disease must annually visit his dwelling f 
 
 The dryness of the air, the character of the soil, which retains no stagnant pools 
 to send forth poisonous exhalations, and the almost total absence of fog or mist ; the 
 brilliancy of its sunlight, the pleasing succession of its seasons, all conspire to make 
 the Canadian North-west a climate of unrivalled salubrity, and the home of a joyous, 
 healthy, prosperous people. Therefore the assertion that the climate of our 
 North'West is one of the healthiest in the world may be broadly and confidently 
 made, sustained as it is by the experience of its inhabitants. 
 
 The seasons are as follows : — Spring — April and May. Snow disappears rapidly, 
 and the ground dries up quickly. Sowing commences from the middle to the end 
 of April, and finishes in the beginning of May. 
 
 jSuwun^r.— June, July, August and part of September. Weather bright and 
 clear, with frequent showers — very warm at times during the day — night cool and 
 refreshing. Harvesting commences in August and ends in September. 
 
 AxUxvmn. — Part of September and October and part of November, perhapfi the 
 most enjoyable season of the year, the air being btumy and exceedingly pleasant. 
 At tUs period of tbo year the prairie fires take plaice, and the atmosphere has 
 rather a smoky appearance, bat is not disagreeable. 
 
 Winter. — Part of November, December, January, February and March. 
 
 In tho early part of November the Indian summer generally commences, and then 
 follows the lovfiest portion of the season which usually lasts about a fortnight. The 
 weather is warm, the atmosphere hazy and calm, and every object appears to wear a 
 tranquil and drowsy aspect. Then comes winter, generally ushered in by a soft, 
 fleecy fall of snow, succeeded by days of extreme clearness, with a clear, blue sky 
 and invigorating atmosphere In December the winter regularly sets in, and, until 
 the end of Mardi, the weather continues steady, with perhaps one thaw in January, 
 and occasional snow-storms. The days are clear and bright, and the cold much 
 Boftened by the brilliancy of the son. 
 
 Is the Climate Healthy ? WonderfollT so. There is no malaria ; 
 •Bdonio dissases *rs aaknowit ; children kesp rsmarkably healthy. Msjiitoba has 
 
Aim TEE 9AWADIAN NOSTE-WMST. r 
 
 bem deelar«d to be among the abwlately hoaltUeft coontriM on the globe, and moft 
 pleasant to lire in. 
 
 How is the supply of liVood f Wood for bnilding and fencing 
 purposes is a matter of great importance in a prairie country, and in thia respect the 
 Canadian North-west is peculiarly favoured. 
 
 Although there are sections where wood is scarce, as a general rule there is a 
 well-regulated supply throughout the country. As we hare already stated, the 
 plains abound with wood in clumps ; and in other parts there are tracts of forest 
 so erenly interspersed that farmers can generally obtain a good wood lot in close 
 
 Ktximity to their prairie farms, besides which the numerous rirers are inrariably 
 ed with wood on each bank. 
 
 Elder, oak, elm, maple (hard and soft), and basswood may be planted, and will 
 grow successfully ; but cottonwood, poplar and willow will grow very rapidly, and 
 for ordinary purposes on a farm they are most useful. The following descriptions 
 of woods are found in the Canadian North-west : oak, white and red cedar, birch, 
 poplar, spruce, white ash, cottonwood, tamarack, cherry, white willow, balsam ash, 
 maple, pme, elm, and box-elder, the latter being very valuable, as it is comiag into 
 use extensively for the purpose of wood-engraving. 
 
 In connection with tree planting, the following recommendation from a resident 
 fittmer in Manitoba is worthy of attention : 
 
 " I would suggest that intending settlers in the North-west who come to settle 
 down on prairie land should break up an acre or two around where they build, on 
 tiie west, north and east, and plant with maple seeds. Plant in rows four feet 
 •part, the seeds to be planted one foot apart ; they can afterwards be thinned out 
 «ad transplanted. I have them twelve feet high, from the seed planted four years 
 ago, and Uiey will form a good shelter. " JAMES ST£WABT, 
 
 "HighBlufiC 
 " [00 miles from Wlnnipag.]" 
 
 Is "Water Plentiful and Good t A supply of good water is an 
 
 indispensable necessity to the farmer, not only for household purposes, but also for 
 stock. The Canadian North-west has not only numerous rivei s aud creeks, but also 
 a veiy large number of lakes and lakelets throughout the whole country, and it has 
 now been ascertained definitely that good water can be obtained almost anjrwhere 
 throughout the territory by means of wells ; in addition to which there are 
 numerous clear, running, never-failing springs to be found throughout the country. 
 
 Wbat are the Prospects for Coal f The coal mines of the 
 
 ooontrr, although as yet in an undeveloped state, are now attracting the attentien 
 of capitalists. Very extensive deposits are known to exist in many parts of the 
 tenitoiy. The opening of these mines will solve any doubts that may exist as to 
 the fuel supply for the future cities and towns of the Canadian North-west. The 
 Canadian Pacific Railway being now open to Thunder Ray, on Lake Superior, will 
 alao enable coal to be imported and sold at prices as reasonable as those which 
 obtain in the adjoining States. 
 
 Is there an abundance of Hay t There are between forty and 
 fifty Tarieties of wild grasses. 
 
 The first point a farmer would note about them is the abundance of the foliage 
 of nearly all tne species. While the grasses of £astern Canada are nearly all culm 
 or stem, most of them having only one, two or three leaves, most of the North- 
 western grasses have ten or twenty leaves. Of course this is an extremely valuable 
 feature in grass, as the leaves are more easily digested than the culms. 
 
 The culms arf exceedingly fine in the prairie grass, and this again would strike 
 a farmer as indie iting a good quality of grass ; add to this that there are in some 
 species such an abundance of seeds as to make the fodder partake of the nature of a 
 feed of grain, and it will be seen that the tales about the readiness with which stock 
 wUl fatten on prairie hay are not overdrawn. 
 
 The following are a few of the varieties found : the brown-top or cedar grass, 
 one of the most valuable kind, has fine stem with abundant foliage, and there are 
 MTeial speeies of red-top very nutritious ; the pea grass, a kind of vetch, affords eood 
 ' fn> stock in winter; the beaver hay, much superior to the grass of the 
 
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS CONCERNINO MANITOBA 
 
 l««'.ii h.ia .A.l.'la ^A\ ...I iMlilu.itt.. iBjjailsa.l xl»J»l»<»J« ••!> giioju* o.l »l r>0i«l..o& OMtf 
 
 aame name found in Eastern Canada ; the Scotch grass, a favorite b(i;4» .th4.]S^^ 
 west ; and the upland hay found on the prairie, of very fine quality. 
 »"^"Tl\eii"rtieiW=kli?'t?ho-ft)l!tmrilg ^rlfeW!»»:"JI«)ndi<bM«ki*bio,H*«-j«*itr«Midii liay, 
 8tJfoiiyh«y,'-.T"ih« 'pi-ass,. Ws'ttiKi'^i^a't sia«'*> B*-<(>ella* InMQprtJus -rttkar jrarietwsi^ 
 greater portion of them being nutritio*9,"fMi4i a<inig'"0^ititelB-' ■yetyi. teaiitifalnd* 
 
 anad ioi bacoaiei.ane «f.:tljehfiBMi,8jt;Qckrfiai^u«,,v;)wafafte»,4»,.t^^ 
 
 cut into hay, being from three to four tons per acre— a84,..^l\» PP^'^JWityt^Jfi^ iri&iSP 
 
 il[anitoba is fan^ous, are most beneficial features in.rngard to stock ; and t 
 tm drype^V "^il 1iedrtWfuIiiesa°pf tKe%nW ttniU'wMttlirmete' W^tie 
 
 e remark- 
 t'^tid"A'Hfi-con- 
 
 carefully L , ^ = 
 
 "" •'tt'bW'Ut) -yoHi^Comhwene^WiFtaPti^iiMc tJbfe^iCafiiuUwp 
 
 tVoWh>'>(^''«^At t''''A''Qe\f^^ettIer''aimvi<i)^nnitfa4-|c<iu«try^ A^ml .(ir.l£a7JHa] Ivftfi 
 
 Tfls {Hii'^"rtill5''o6{rtrtif€itl-'At first iii'«»hoohiB^a^d«tei!4*ib».f<»r^hi»ifa»m^aad iu.p^- 
 
 •(ifi4iin'rf:t)ife iQtJc^ite4fy''srfjMli«s tJ> c6»to*HdcankyFte. ■■•M* .geifctal <lBkBdcl^iof.A«ttLNI8 
 
 in the JN'mli-9«Vbf4s'%ilt'lfhe end of May and tb4tmbn(b»^k>Jaiid dtid' J^:^i|.^e^Jl^t 
 
 um£, fo*' ^Breaking. The land, then broken, ought to be backset in September. 
 
 LanoWonIa b'eCT^'^tf Stiallow and t«med back deep. If the settler wishes he can 
 
 '^Ifk tAM!t)V«rop bhalfirsty^r litt»iaiia»t«i$n^eip#»it%|(w[^be^gllbf^s|||eed to 
 
 'fttV."'''Iii' JHily wiffi«iEiiti hhy.iotight W.be Dut for,.wint«a(foddqTB£ar,,4ibftKflWte»i«ilJ,|8 
 
 "flbt ii6tie*»fy' to' fence the brok*ii"laindjuntiLar:eit)p.is.pat,ia} uutith{iifi»t,}ji«f wm,]^ 
 
 "fV'td' htS' <ld\«a(ii Wge to f*nce his lidkig a& aoeib am posaibl*, e ithw WJ<ii .WWjWi r*UfV « 
 
 """'"The fitnilV^^akr'^^-in tehtsoiseity i«oinfai;tsbl|r.t>}l Oobo^MC, ibjJAi^ ^il^fHMtt^ 
 
 *^ cM^il lio'emnmfcno«>en4'ly>in>the AllI»^not latficthpjn i^idf^ji^iif iingt«lk;9f J^W^ 
 
 Sfe^tffb«t*J-<#'«'«et'a'i*alk'm-hoa*eand.=Bt|*l^ .fat thsi,^fl\Q^tat,n^^T^^f^,£i^Mf^^S^ 
 
 i»iinlinsed ready-made in Winnipeg for about £60, or it can be constructed oTlogs 
 
 "ifAi'hi^'dft'tv^ryVann ^ t8ell>Me#caailfe aMebtiAls^ici 80^ I T^^^^l^^pll^ over, 
 
 ^t"ft!A'iS'f)flaltt'iiaMii]^. '^••'< ■•i« .nujn l«.jol<.»il„iu uc ui uy m iUrjt>aj|« viJomKi 
 
 "! ,:^ tf hfltr A^ '« «<»t«<«-%..PIl^t..K«lMimMAlV.,paJ^viiw,JST Jfee 
 ^rinadWlf6tth-w«!rt'»w4tler«hotaidpb»rdKd.hiinM^ 
 
 ire ekii '^'^fc'ha^''e'rc¥ythiB^ heire«(ilit-esatmfuaBa]»l|3.|iEice&iAvU((iat;(>]^ ABtl>i?^!iStl^ 
 *'ki#le6='mt#f ff»irt*d'*oth»-coon<»y tt«*il.toytliinB.ha.-9QuldB>j3li»gjir*tUl}li«» c^« 
 
 following is an approximate pstimate of his first ontlay .in. s vp^wJAratQi WilT iu oWdo 
 Provisions for one year, say.. ,'. £60 
 
 One cow *4w*tt«jf.hUw U.|»ijt»h«» ^IW 
 
 »*«iut »aj 1.. ^jig<»..u. .,w ^, .,«„ai- •/o.M« -.^ucv t<f ftu w • ivaj u.r vi thhJt , d *dT 
 
 •.IWJ 
 
 iitit.n od.f 1^. Sundry., impleijiflal^ ,,, 
 
 .Ui^u. ti--'OQoking^tov.,r5nr^ tff.W7«;:"^" V^^^ ^r*" •'•«^» ^-^ 
 
 < *9b WiSwO'!^ .W^i^J^^e. JMded^ firtt pa;^iW 
 pre-emption ; "buliaji eiiei-g^tic'te'Mf iWfil'fiiiy flnii) WiSaM MSWethfam? wimr^oflfeiWb a 
 portion of his first expenses, either on"fttt»'r(*il«'i<y'{)rt»y\"iK*rk'h»;r for'nai^lxltning 
 
 •"TOWim,'"ttnft"iTJ'J!WdH;ioii t4 thil8.>ti»*rei8ili«.. cbiUiOS; gf ^plit^jgiiujji^pMr^a^jjtarop the 
 
 ^"firsiryfear: A '*'tt1er,' tfbereforo,; who. can bcaat iof.hi(i«a,.£6p fl)Ou*,,wi^,"* 
 '^Tffkfnrock is all' irMcpendent-mnn, und cannot fail. t« succt^tjd' v^^it^ p^4M^9f^ fiiKd'>&P^ 
 
 ***en»fjy^ '*fkli^ SfettiefrtMf Mvivt^ .^utnvt. bioMt ^ » tocU^ JW* ^f iiit*l>if 'Wfli iWMwf ** 
 th«y nieeeed. '•""^"^ 
 
f%^hat afHE»"t%<>>'Pvcflt8'«f Farming in the Ofinadinii 
 .\ortll-lveiitt Ir. I. ''JjUowi^g ^calculations every care has been taken not to 
 overestimate what call .b« a.oa With care, perseverance and energy 5— ' 
 
 ' riRST TEAR. irt •* 
 
 Expenditore of seUteT''WlihthimIj'of<8ay'0v«,'MBpio'«idioU8i.eU;.4«i|SF]rcM ..<.£M 1/ 
 
 OneyokeMfaenJ ^ ^,„h-. ,,«... 37 ' 
 
 One cow «»..'.' ,, .,.„..,... 7 
 
 Breaking plough and harrow 7 
 
 Wairnn ».«?«'* 
 
 Wagon ..^...".K.VA 16 
 
 Iroplsmenta, etc otilaoj.l' 
 Cook-stov«{ etc.{somj[>lote 
 
 Implementa, etc. '.til«»l.lll.w..o.H4.|.rt«,«.o^^»,.^^,„^,„,f<■.„^^,rt^^. )^.„, J „ . 
 
 Cook-stovwj atc.jsomiilote , % '^ 
 
 Fnrniturou . XI. A '. ...'i/l .'I,... 12 
 
 Sundries, »ay '."V:':\'.'... 10 
 
 iSft^ fen^«fMtM'y»*rHh» iriU.ihaw* l»,comforUhl» !<« h«ti»fl„ bsifB,„{s|p.jl!<?it^}g',''. 
 implements, and say twenty acres of land broken,;,^ady for sf)«4t ,-,niuu>v, .,„ t .,iJj ui 
 
 SECOND YEAR. 
 
 iftKi 6ilBrBwditl»re„.«y, u.U.., .-.;,..,.,,,..,>., .,,.,,..t.,^.„,.,j^...j,,.,....,r.,..,,^«,, _^^^^_. 
 
 *• <*• »» ..I .,i. --^ 
 
 <* « To the wmHi, besides IMag ««» ,,„...... .,..'.\'&92 
 
 m¥V^ «4M,"«iwA hfitf iaoDMiMdiisUc^ Md.ntbeii^ft5iMtlW,..fee,j^l8,t.9,.l^pal(,a^.^ea8^ 
 thirty acres. — a/,M...,.a U .,ii„ „ „A.. ,r„t.,i .•« ,.„„„|.v .' ',1,,,. .;! i=,r 
 
 rOBRTH TEAR. " " iii. i 4 ,1,. 
 
 Sovjgjyjj^*^ will give him 2100 bn8hcfs*(1f(^ain at 80 cents , i6SS5 
 
 Less expendl^re forflirthtr stock, implements tfUd'othci<lHMBSS«iiu«..^iM<<i<>iieo 
 
 " To ^ good • . .V.V.-.--.V.-.V.-.;-. .-.-^.T.-r. !■ , ^iffijU^^MHb 
 
 And aifbthm.p acres troken. - ixiaiiixi .caimM 
 
 x» "•Ji.ftn«M%*rR4tiaBfiL*?MaiAJaf.2?.^^^^ of grain at 80 centa. .. .. wU^ijifltfO 
 
 To the good £Se0 ^lioml 
 
 At the enciiAfJibe^rth year he will stand^^fOllows : 
 
 Cash or its *|uiTalent on haiTd; . . . . .• . . . . . . . . . . . ?.".'?.'.*•. .''.';': ?.":« ',".'.• .f.'vr.'VliWjDS 
 
 One h^dre^and sixtjr ac'ri s of laiid ibdrfeased In valne to atieast M pei*iit!l^.'.'''760 
 
 HoQse'and Itfrn, low apjuaiisal ..'..'.W,'.'.','.;.':. .. ..". v i% •.".""'SO 
 
 8t«ck,')ncli]^ne calile and horses"; ."T.t ."." ."."^ ."7. .. ..". t n i.".'''teO 
 
 Machinery af)d ntrin^ implements, SO'p^'dent (X coslv m.j <: v. .... . i^','!i'"'H0 
 
 ForBitnre, etc. .'.'.".' .'.'.\.'.".' ,1. ■..,...'..'..■....■...■. ...;■. v «k •f!'.'V*"%0 
 
 .u.aM.d r« _, -v^v^-it.!,.,, •,»„,, ,iu.M«,.>&»03 
 
 Lesi— •ntlayfor hmd^tf-hepBre b as— ftom Hallway .pomp^py ..^. ~.._^^.,^ilO 4 
 
 ■ ' " • .. .. a .tJiUO 
 
 To credit of farm £1008 9 8 
 
 bu« S«>«fa«;, a«bardfei^t^th«ii()l)flNtef«^'»l|Dul|^|t^ ^'j^^^^l^ ^t^l^^^'*^ 
 
 himself with a good farm well stocked, aU paid for, and,,:|4,,a4pi||Qf^f^,P9^,si^e|-|ole 
 sum4f<moal!^^lHaii>fd)«iB;4luitbaQl6,.„i>,..., ..ad .i.,i«N«o i., ,„..«„i-j.,,n 'V k 
 
 M|lu>tiJ Liu. .l.uu».|* «..(.ai J> «-.j,«lUi.c. L«,l «.a ,:.iu«.': «1 ouaWl 1<. if-.M jiiili A 
 
 Are the Markets easy of Access? Sfiiai{, gppiji^u of tr^^ ^ra 
 llfcNhttaliy«pringin^«nttMa)ateac6wWe)^aiettW|«(vn^s^^ 
 
 Snerally one or more stores where farmersi<;anifin4iftSt'^Hiy'mfi'^f'V9-r.'lp*^ rriOidjlc^i 
 » sAtitawflorig IjiMiiwavef .tJwGanitiJw r*;i4i(i!Rffljf^^^^ 
 ten miles apart, and it is the intentioSMpfi t|l>«,tt9iwwny,it;9,,ftt«iijjji).|p ti^^^^ 
 df <4w«l«*s'for-itbe-8*orBgeiaf.wheK», otoii Qiiablilngifww^»?,to 4 ispi^;f9,j(f^tii,<?f digram 
 «^»^i**''^I4eeM'ttUnMbi»t:•*l»«inldoo]*..l•.^.A.gi«Pfie..ftt^^l)*,,|l)l^p,,5e^^^Qf^^^ 
 Manitoba via the Canadian Pacific Railway will have closer conriectii|9p,|^-j^^ Me 
 seaboard^iiii'MJmMsato,) Ditkitt««'ar\an{r-.04 thBrnarpfnef^^W AUte8,n9w, h^ye^ with 
 Waw-Vork ;'>s»>th«t'ithh'*:tfpoibiof, graiii'i^Koni itHt Cjin(\di8ij )tj(o'r^}if^e,st ai pmu- 
 nerative prices is assund. Tlie very large iiitiux of people, and the prosecution ^ 
 
 Angwt 81, 188S : i»Uuw o»U UjjuoiiU 
 
10 ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS CONOSHNINO MANITOBA 
 
 Wheat 8b. 8<L to 8». 4d. perboabeL 
 
 Oau — ,1 3 .1 
 
 Potatoes 4 „ 5 ,. 
 
 Batter — „1 8 perlb. 
 
 Eggg — »» 1 .* P«r<io«W. 
 
 An acre of land in Manitoba at above prices will realize— 
 
 In wheat « S 
 
 lu oati ...j...,..^.%.^.. ..^......^.^.^^uM.. 8 11 
 
 £18 18 
 An acre of land in Minnesota at the same prices wiU realize — 
 
 In wheat « « 17 10 
 
 InoaU 8 11 
 
 £0 8 10 
 or, in other words, the fanner in Manitoba can afford to sell his grain fifty pw 
 cent, cheaper than the Minnesota farmer and still be as well off, the prices of utboor 
 in the two countries being about equal. 
 
 How about tbe yield of crops? The following tables, taken 
 from official sources, will show at a glance the average yield of crops during the last 
 
 five years in Manitoba — 
 
 1877 1878 18T9 1880 1881 
 
 Wheat 86* 26| 2«f »| 86 
 
 Oats 69* S9| 58 6^ «• 
 
 Barley 40} 63 87f 41 40 
 
 Pea... 82 84 8^ 88^ 88 
 
 Rye 80 SO 40 40 85 
 
 Potatoea 304 308 808 818 8J0 
 
 Then compare the above figures with the yield in some of the American Statei 
 
 and British Colonies, as taken also from official sources— 
 
 WHEAX 
 
 Minnesota, aT«iaga yield per acre .>..>..~_».. IT baahels. 
 
 Wisconsin, „ „ „ „».„.....„......».»•.-.•.«.«..-. 14 „ 
 
 Pennsylvania, „ „ „ ^^ ^^^^^.^^^.^,.^.,^^ \^ w 
 Massachusetts,, „ „ ..^^^^...^..^...^^m,^..., 10 « 
 New Zealand, „ ,, „ m.^....uw.^>.....«..>u.....^ ITi ^ 
 
 Australia ,, „ „ • U m 
 
 NoTB.— The cost of breaking, ploughing, sowing and harvesting la estimated on good anthority 
 at from £2 4s. to £2 168. per acre, which, of course, includes the settlers' own labour and that of hia 
 
 family, 
 
 aaauiT. 
 Minnesota, average yield per acre.. »>..^».^...<.^«...>...w^.^ 86 bushels. 
 
 Wisconsin, <• n » ^^^^^^....^^^.^..^.. .. Vt „ 
 
 Iowa, „ „ „ ^^^^^^^.^^^^^^..^.. 88 „ 
 
 Ohio, M fs ,1 ••.*. ..•»**-*..-«..^. .•••*■-•«*• 1» „ 
 
 Indiana, „ „ ^ --.-..-~-- ..^..».. 19 „ 
 
 Illinois, „ „ „ ..^........^~..-^....^.... 17 „ 
 
 Minnesota, avaraca yield per acn...^ ^^^^^^^^^.. ST bayahela. 
 
 Ohio, H » ,. . 88 » 
 
 How do Roots and Yegetables Thrive? Boots and 
 Vegetables succeed admirably in Manitoba, as can be seen by the following instaneei 
 taken from farmers' reports : 
 
 S. C. Higginson, of Oakland, has produced cabbages weighing 17^ lbs. each. 
 
 Allan Bell, of Portage-la-Prairie, has had cabbages 45 inches around, and tnmip* 
 weighing 25 lbs. each. 
 
 Robert E. Mitchell, of Cooks Creek, raised a squash of six weeks' growth 
 measuring 5 feet C inches in circumference. 
 
 Wm. Moss, of High Bluff, has produced carrots weighing 11 lbs. each, and 
 turnips measuring 36 inches in circumference. 
 
 James Airth, of Stonewall, states that the common weight of turnips ia 
 twelve lbs. each, and some of them have been known to weigh as much as thirty-two 
 and a half lbs. 
 
 Isaac Casson, of Green Bidge, has raised 270 bushels of onions to the acre. 
 
 John Geddis, of Kildonan, states that he has raised SOO bushels of carrots per 
 acre. 
 
 Joshua Appleyard, of Stonewall, states hi^ crop of turnips to have been 1,000 
 bushels per acre, the common weight being 12 I'cm. each. 
 
 Francis Ogletree, of Portage-la-Frairie, produced onions moMUring 4j| inoliof 
 through the oentio. 
 
AND THE OANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 11 
 
 W. H. J. Swain, of Morris, had citrons weighin^^ 18 lbs. each. 
 
 A. V. Beckstead, of Emerson, gives his experience as follows : Mangel-wurzel 
 weighing 271bs. each ; beets weighing 23 lbs. each ; cabbages weighing 49 lbs. each ; 
 onions weighing 1^ lbs. each. 
 
 W. B. Hall, of Headingly, has raised beets weighing 20 lbs. each, and gives 
 the weight of his turnips generally at 12 lbs. each. 
 
 Philip McKay, of Portage-la-Prairie, has had cabbages meamring 26 inches in 
 diameter solid head, and four feet with the leaves on. His onions have measured 
 16 inches in circumference, and cauliflower heads 19 inches in diameter, 
 
 Jaa. Lawrie & Bro., of Morris, have produced turnips 30 inches in circum- 
 ference, onions 14 inches, and melons 30 inches. They had one squash which 
 measured about the same size as an ordinary flour barreL 
 
 James Owens, of Point Du Ghene, had turnips 30 lbs. each, onions 14 inches 
 around, and cucumbers 18 inches long. 
 
 Neil Henderson, of Cooks Creek, has raised 1000 bushels of turnips to the 
 acre, carrots live inches in diameter and 18 inches long, while his onions have 
 frequently measured 6 inches through. 
 
 Jas. Bedford, of Emerson, has raised 1000 bushels of turnips to the acre. 
 
 It must be remembered that none of the farmers mentioned above used any 
 special means to produce the results we have described, and out of nearly 200 
 reports received from settlers concerning the growth of roots and vegetables in the 
 Canadian North-west not one has been unfavourable. 
 
 Are tbe Crops generally Sure? There are no insects, worms, 
 or blight to destroy crops ; no storms, no wet seasons. Spring is clear and dry, 
 June is wet when the crops are growing ; a wet harvest is almost unknown. Yes, 
 crops are sure in Manitoba. 
 
 Are Fertilizers Required? Fertilisers are not used in the 
 
 Canadian North-west, and common manure only sparingly. Indeed, the land is too 
 rich to bear it, at least for the first year or two ; some farmers contend that the 
 use of manure is apt to make the crops grow too rank. Bat the best plan is to use 
 manure in limited quantities after the second year, in order to prevent any 
 exhaustion of the land. 
 
 l¥hat is tbe Quality of the Grain raised In 
 
 Manitoba? I cannot answer this question better than by giving the following 
 certificate I received from a prominent gentleman who examined some ordinary 
 samples which I brought from there : 
 
 VoirrKKAL, January 17, 1881 
 
 I have examined aamplM of grain grown in Manitoba, sabmitted by Alexander Begg, of the 
 Canadian Pacific Railway. 
 
 Tbe sample of Fife wheat is ipecially good, and Na 1 hard, which is the quality of wheat now 
 BO much sought after by millers. 
 
 The barley, white and black oats, peas and beans shown are all of very superior quality, and 
 would oommand very high prices in tliia market A. MITCHELL, 
 
 iVuideiU Corn Exchange A*$ociati«», MonirtdL 
 
 How abont Price of Farm Labor? it is difficult to give definite 
 
 information on this point There is no doubt it has been high, especially during 
 harvest time, when there is a great demand for men to take in the crops. But the 
 very large number of people ^oing into the country will undoubtedly tend to reduce 
 the scale of wages. One point, however, may be remembered, namely — the farmer 
 in Manitoba, with his 'mmeuse yield and fair prices, can afford to pay a compara- 
 tively high rate of wage&, and still find his farming very profitable. 
 
 Do Farmers Prosper tbere ? They appear to do so, if one is to 
 
 judge from the comfortable houses they build for themselves, and the fine farm 
 macninery they buy. In every farmhouse you find a sewing machine, in many the 
 vtgasi, and not a few can boast of pianos and other luxuries of a happy home. 
 
 How about Dairy Farming ? The best plan in my opinion is for 
 a settler to carry on a combined grain and dairy farm. He then has always a sore 
 thing, and the splendid meadow lands of the North\vest, with the sweet |>rairie 
 grasses, are specially suited to the fattening of stock and produeticrn of the richest 
 milk and finest batter ia the world. 
 
^\2 ANSws^^p^^q:^Ti^i^ ^g€^i{G^im^m^ ^nitoba 
 
 Are you^|*o|irble4i l^WJi Severe Storms^ „^u?h,» %ng is 
 ftjl^95^t j.pjg;k^w^^, ij'jrhejfe .are . occMw^ thunder storms, but, no Jburificaines to 
 (^^v^i|,tf ^^iJie^orolirj'wi.^A^^^ in Kansas, NelH-aaka, an4 oth|r,,ptaiue 
 
 'countnes in the iTnitea S^tes. This is bn^ of the spacial f$>.ati^es in i(i^y(r^!,^f^^^e 
 
 ui r..ilYiP*/*'t.|f,ft,||l|5ri|;|fcfd|,?; A. name given in the yorth-we^t, ,to> eevere 
 j59(jj^^i,^rfff, y These ,on^*c9LU^ a^pijit pnce^and, not piore.thai^ twice durip^.ti^e 
 season. As a,,iru|^, th^ supy? does not fall in large quai;tities,. , The prairies ^le 
 -??SW?9% ^f?l ^i/»W ¥iP.W.4.41e pt Maych,j^4;gen^^3r. hyi^^^ 
 
 Are 'Flax anv ;Pj^i|ip. .OroTvp? jrixe .cnll^rt^ii^ ;p,(, t^h^ 
 
 ^Pfjrt^t grpM wajj^^riedjoj^ to a. consijlerahle s«ltent pj pld[ 8emei;s,«a;^y; years 
 ago, the product L^ing of f icellent quality ;' hilt the nhiversal compUih'f ' at ,^^ 
 
 ^m^ Tf^tjtip;^^nt ^f, ^ marl^tjj or of machinery to wprk up the r*w matena,!, an^ 
 J]u^ l^■^em t^ di^p'ptioue tlus limportant, branch of husbandry. Its cujfivatip^ 
 nis been renewed eilJensively by the Russian Meimonite settlers, of whom, tl^^re aije 
 now betejei)L,f^99*^ ^R^ 1^'P^^ S^ the country, who, within only three pri^nr yiani, 
 
 oi5 ) J(CJlBlljP,V"mVr<?. J^ucceoinil ? Apiculture m successfully cvned ,^]tt 
 m the rrortn-west, as bees require a clear, dry atmosphere tmd a ricn , haryest ' o^ 
 flowers; if the air is damp, or the weather cloudy, they wilt hot work' so w^ll. 
 
 •femaiM fluid, for sealing.* longer time, and, if gatnerea faster than It tmcKensL it 
 
 AiJJ fiflV^lWA'' 4o yi^ onUivat^. I hajo pUnted wild hopi oat of tb* bath into my gudm, ^m 
 uie ranee and -tr&uied, on hp\e», .DearbMl ai fdii and jSne aiid aa large as any I ever saw at Talding and 
 
 •Rki*A*fst','iiilK^rit;Bli6r«^' ^*''' •'^Wr^rp'.j"'' ■'•■ "'IjotJis'DBjwsrHo (Bfme^«on»:" 
 T[au Jui»v:>ii| oj laijio .u; ,:!.•/ ini .rj,: •)!!; 'ri.'!;. j,-ji,);,'',i,. ,. ;.'.;,[!; K; i:,';iii;fir 
 
 Are Frnlto Plentiful? The fraiti •£ the CMEfMiiaal>Krorti»i#Mfl««B 
 rich in flavor and abundant in yield. Here are some statements from farmen on 
 lie ST^IIt)^ fill niA-i<^ '>iS) i** v.ltifiii|:: •>i!t ^i }i:ii f# 
 
 • ri >;it iiri/ii .'li'juoid I ifoiilw feoliiruAB 
 .^tantvA ^nt9i>PBte;tn«»Awo yean ago, which are growing Tery wiSL 
 
 I have over 1000 anple tnea doing rery walL and alio excellent blaclc (ntiMsta. '^' ' '' ''*i">'v> 
 
 on ■'«jf5g^'"5|J|;j(i,^jj^,i'g^^ "'tilere w'^exceUeiiiraliflP^ ;eyesrF^i,ift,;li«'w9«4« 
 
 .l«Bdn<MI tMifnMiei>-^w>iBAptb««imiknb^the following list of biros and animals to be 
 
 found : — 
 
 s^ 
 
 '^^'""■^^m e'Ai^.;^^ratky ch'iciiMir"luil^'feM>H*3iK'i^^«^dl9s: 
 >^^i&,me"'p^of6I^•'taUbW^ "■'■;" -^^'-f^^ "??....r^.A^:: ^^f^^^m 
 
 »>,,I.^^A«RPj^;G-AVft.-hrll^()0eiideeir,i iMitelopt^ l]«f4«^ ^k>Ii^{aitUwgAtlinii^lftpt-^ 
 i-b(IMBPgrfpin][fJfcj<(i .hn-^mmwn mi -/flui .laviwod ,Jiii(j(i ouO .ea^fiw lo slaoa adJ 
 -jnj«iuuK) il ^it<i fkJ Ino'di'. ati-i j*'f\r.<\ wA tun: fil'jjy "i-if'ttniifi !!fr{ dlrw nffoJhifiM ni 
 
 Any FUlliJBK>9| ^Tho^iwew.'^ndHlftkflarmbounA wUJk *lie, (<)to)inng f iWh- 
 Stnrgeon of large size, white fish, pickerel, pike, bass, perch, suckers, sun-nsh, gold> 
 
 iinii'l 'mil oil.! bii/i ,n-)vl'>iJi!i'Hfj lul iiliuf yiflj r:sei)"if '(ftfi.j iohiioii ririi nioil sabur 
 
 »d.i i^An^ .WwnUi#«i»«uii< Be|it|lMn'»ffi) |Bseets7cu(ii^ir ^lotjmsxrf' 
 
 nnknovHiUi ^^jWUPWytwhaxul ladJo hxia eoiiAiq lo Itsjsod nao wal « Jon baa ,iujio 
 
 , Haw about t|ie Settlers OQn in t^lf^ iC^%llftdk<^9. ISS* 
 
 ^'^fe6f?';';Tiie)r,We pj' the better claS^'bf flMerS fyem^PefiftlTO 
 
K«^vrr/.^A,t?t^.,^t4J!^-<^/^^rt^?^,^-?r^^^^ ,^ 
 
 o.-.Uiri fio) '.J nnvif *#i'.i I 
 
 f*.,JB<4W ia the SchoC* ."^vrtem? ItisJiberaLandTeryeffectiTe. It is on 
 *tfe*3?Jh!atfe^Moni^tlnf;M ,M?ird9A'UffWveifio^mem%'t^^ the 
 
 local government, but there are also two sections in each townffii^'if(« S^^'B^ the 
 Dominion Goyetpment,, the proceeds of which when sold are applied to the support 
 
 -<ff'*8cB6S!l:V-thIt6Wa siTpefiMteiiaeiit' to «j^ sec^wiS^JS^^ to 
 
 pass k rigid examination before they are appointedi' ''A Hi^ dmi VP ^SmM^* is 
 
 therefore administered, 
 «i»..ir,,„;,,i ,,.■ , -n . , n<i«>HHnlf III »nflf inol'l l»<»o;ft -ii-tflk tit 
 
 ^"\AiF^4 tliere'C))lttr4i|ies? Nearly all dehoiiiiii^iJOilk e)ti«f iii6rtt(dlii'k 
 fiodnsli&g 'condition, ahd where » settleineail; Is' no{; lafg^ ^i^biigh >t6 "lit/^tibrtf ^a 
 regular church there are always visiting clefgykto to'ddth'e d\ityr '''"' ""' rt'«" ••' 
 
 jl^^o municipalities as fast as Sjettlement progresses, suillici«nuT^ warrant.it. .^ These 
 ({nonicipi^l organizations take charge of roada and roau repairs, ^here^fie^ig'natol 
 ^gharges ; aod ^1 matters of a local natnr^ are ^n)ini8ter^ oy ihe,n^ye an^ c^^ 
 who are each year elected hy the people of the district. I , i / , "J j ' 
 
 "Are there RepresentfitlT« ''tj^isi^tlu^Ions !|^'/^^ 
 
 established in 9I«nitOb»? Te«, there is a L^^i^latiye As^em|ly of. ^ 
 members elected by the people every fi>« years, A Ideutenant-Gpyeinor and 
 Executive Council, consisting of Pjovincial Treasurer, Attorjiey-Generalj, jSfinist^ 
 of^Public Works, Provincial Secretary, Minister of Agriculture, and^, President d'f 
 jCpuncilt Manitoba has also five members in the Commpi^s, and th^ee p t|ie Senaii 
 of Canada, the former elected every five yej^rs bjr the.^e9p|g,^% ]^jt^r.<}fjOge^bjl^^e 
 Governor in^CouncU and appointed for liffi-;,;^,,,,„,..; j^^ ;.^, „;',„;, 7,^^ „,.j,.,. 
 
 ]...i'..Awe there ajiy Benevolent Qjtoill^^ 
 
 Manitoba? Yes, there ^re the fpllowing: ,, .,,,., ^,., ^^.,;„„rw {.„. v«i 
 
 St. Oborok's Sociktt Muonic JU)dgv..,<> i,^.;ii ^.Ai >- arn'.c c>>c,.- 
 
 St. Andrbw's Socirrr Orange Lodges. 
 
 fMo.-(-,,.f • _ '. g.j_ PATBiCk's SooiSTT '. . . . TemperaHoe SocWtf. ar.* ^o'»'^ nit it 
 
 Kc,t..o,a .,4.<, ; ,;,„,St. Jiuj« Baftiit^ Socibtv Independent Oodeiof F<W«t«»*<-^ 4o..«ft c/.'? 
 
 Jo.-,.o K., >; !,,;.!■ 0.0. F.LODOES.. T.M. C. Association. ^ ^^ ^ ,,, 
 
 .How is the Labour Market Gehei'JEili]''? Owing to'ilie Ii^ 
 Htti6unt of building operations at present going on in the towns and- oiiSes' tof the 
 Canadian North-wBst, mechanics are in good demand and wages hafe been corre- 
 spondingly high. " " . .;-. - ., i.^t,r,etf.» 
 
 . f BricUATeis have icceived.. »»...,. ,...lCs. to 28s. nerda/. .^ . 
 
 ,J..:.l :.,.> ■^t Oarpenter* '•'•„•"•' '• ',V..,-.i.i..i. -...'. 14b. to Itfs. s^ ..--..•-..•/ ff...^*. 
 
 lA'fjL )•> cK:;'.'{'.fPltateTetB ,, 14a. to 16a '>a44 >!>/.. .et,i«t,.r..}/ 
 
 cfj 7li„..-»ri ;.„., r . , And ot)icr tnMies In proportioB. .„,;,.. ...^,.; ;;„„ ,.-,f.:. 
 
 The Canadian Pacific Railway have been paying at the rate of 8s. per 4a^ to 
 labourers, and there have been betFcen 80Q0 aad 4000 men em^iloy^d aU somjper at 
 construction on the Central or Prairie iection of the ioadi ^' -'■f - ^ '"•'• '-•^ 
 
 Farm labourers have been in demand, and are likely to Temaht -so jfbr some timSi 
 
 "-The raptil development cf the country, and the woadnful progress of citifls, 
 fowns, and villages, will insure for some years the ^employment of a'l&rge'nomberef 
 Meohanics and labourers at good wages. . . t ..-..-* :,/.>■" •.. ,.,,.: 
 
 Ho^ far does the Canadian Pacific .Railway >run 
 tiirou^h the Prairie Country'? This year»lS83, the QaiuMiiaii 
 Paoifie liailway Company will have the line completed to the Jiocky MountainAl . ...t 
 
 .-.■■..-:.. ., . , _, > '■■ ■ ..■J v;.>-. ■'.' >-^ .. ... .■,■'■. -, 
 
 How many fliles of Road will the Canadiaii PiiCifie 
 ttAliway have in running order this Year ? Altof^ther^lbeift 
 
 a(WO, perhaps UJo»fc'"" " '-- " •'^'— ■'-"* 
 
 •'T****'*'*^ 
 
 *>-,.»*& •■•*-i> *..v» -,-^/I •k««*«»*^iAi %fS r,v^iS*^f* «* ,i^'l''-'> "t*?'* 
 
14 AKSJfeki! TO QUESTIONS CONOBBNISO MANlTOlSA 
 
 Wbat is the GenernI Distance of Stations from each 
 other on the L.ine of the Canadian Pacific Railway? 
 
 From nine to ten miles. 
 
 How near to the Railway ean you Purchase l<and? 
 
 Close to the Kailway. 
 
 How far back does the Company's Liacd Grant ex- 
 tend from the Railway ? Twenty-four miles on each side of the line. 
 
 Are there Good Flour MUIs in Manitoba? There arenumeroM 
 
 country grist mills throughout the country, and in Winnipeg there are three very 
 large flouring mills, the largest of which is eight stories high, and capable of 
 turning out several hundred barrels of flour per day. 
 
 How is the Canadian Pacific Railway Progressing? The 
 
 Canadian Pacific Railway wiU be, when completed, the shortest trans-continental 
 line in America. It will also be the shortest route between Great Britain and 
 India, China and Japan, and will therefore assuredly secure a large proportion of 
 that trade. Montreal is at present the eastern terminus of the line, where immense 
 workshops and splendid stations and offices are being erected. 
 
 Although the Company hare been in existence not quite two years, they have 
 already in actual operation about 1,500 miles of railway, and before the close of 1883 
 it is confidently expected they will have at least 2,000 miles in running order. The 
 general or head offices of the Company are in Montreal, and from that point the road 
 passes through a good agrieultural country to Ottawa, the Dominion seat of govern- 
 ment ; and from there, traversing a country extremely rich in timber and minerals, 
 it skirts the north shore of Lake Superior to Thunder Bay, where the line branches 
 off in the direction of Manitoba. The link between Thunder Bay and the eastern 
 section of the line is not yet completed, but the work of construction is in active 
 progress. The scenery in many localities along the Eastern Division of the line is 
 unrivalled on the American continent for grandeur and beauty. Between Thunder 
 Bay and Winnipeg the railway runs through a thickly-wooded country containing in 
 parts some of the finest agricultural land. 
 
 At Rat Portage, about 135 miles eastward from Winnipeg, there is probably 
 the finest water power in America, and some large mills have already been erectea 
 there. As a manufacturing point, Rat Portage is expected to rival, if not excel, 
 Minneapolis, the great mill ceatre of the North-western States. 
 
 At WiNHiPEO the Canadian Pacific Railway enters the prairie region, and for 
 upwards of 800 miles traverses a country which, for agricultural purposes, is 
 admitted to be unequalled in the world. 
 
 At the eastern base of the Rocky Mountains are the immense cattle ranches 
 already referred to, and from there the road will enter and cross the iiocky 
 Mountains, with their snlendid forests of valuable timber and rich deposits of gold, 
 silver and other minerals. Thence to Port Moody, on the Pacific coast, through the 
 fine province of British Columbia. 
 
 The valuable fisheries, forests and mines on the extreme western end of the road, 
 the agricultural produce of the great prairie region, and the mines, timber, lumber and 
 minerils of the eastern section, will be more than sufficient to ensure an immense 
 local and through traffic over the Canadian Pacific Railway. In addition to this the 
 trade flowing from ocean to ocean, from east to west, and from west to east, 
 will undoubtedly make the great Canadian highway one of the most important trunk 
 lines in North America. Already branch and independent railways are being 
 projected and built through the prairie region, to act as feeders to the main line. 
 
 It is surprising to note the wonderful progress of the various cities and towns 
 along the route. Commencing with Winnipeg, we find that in 1870, or a little over 
 twelve years ago, it was a mere hamlet, containing but few houses and a population 
 of Uttle over 200 souls. In 1874 it was incorporated as a city, with an assessment 
 roU of $2,076,018 ; in 1882 it could boast of 25,000 inhabitants and an assessment 
 of $80,432,270. To-day it can show broad, well laid-out streets lined with 
 handsome stores and warehouses, beautiful residence and imposing public buildings. 
 Ttie city is lighted \m eUdBie light and gas. Street tallmyi ue m operation, an 
 
Aim tSS CANADIAN NORTS-WSST. it 
 
 Adaqtiate ftra brigade haa been organized, and, in fact, all the advantages and 
 eoDTeniences of an old eatabliahed metropolitan city are already enjoyed by iti 
 inhaoitanti. 
 
 No less than seren lines of railway now centre in Winnipeg, and a grand anion 
 depot ia in coarse of erection. Winnipeg is the doorway and chief distribating 
 point between the East and the vast prairie region of the Canadian North* west. 
 
 PoKTAOi LA Prairib is aboat as old as Winnipeg, although not as lai^e ; but 
 of late years it has progressed wonderfully, and can boast of numerous fine buildings, 
 mills, churches, hotels, stores and prvate residences. As it is surrounded by a 
 magnificent stretch of the finest agricultural country in the North-west, it is certain 
 to become a popalons and important city. 
 
 Brandon, the next point on the maia line, although only surveyed and laid 
 «at into a town site in the spring of 1881, can now boast of a population of over 
 4000, and has already numerous fine buildings, several mills, churches and other 
 public buildings. Its position on the river Assiniboine, and the fine country 
 ■orroonding it, are destined to make Brandon a large and prosperous place. 
 
 Broadvibw, although only laid out a few months ago as a town, is already 
 making rapid strides in building operations. It has a fine station, and quite a 
 nomber of stores and dwellings have been erected there this summer. Broadview is 
 also happily situated in the centre of a good agricultural tract of country. 
 
 GArsLL is destined to become one of the most flourishing centres in the Canadian 
 North-west, owing to its close proximity to a splendid tract of fine agricultural land 
 lying in the now nimous " Qu'Appelle Valley." As a distributing point Capell wiU 
 be a most important station on the Canadian Pacific Railway, as the country 
 surrounding it is being rapidly settled by the very best class of farmers. 
 
 Regina, the new city of the plains and future capital and metropolis of the 
 North-west Territory, is situated in the centre of, probably, the richest wheat lands 
 in the North-west. A broad and deep creek containing the very best quality of 
 water runs through the site, and the gentle slope of the land will give it the very 
 best drainage facilities. Here the government buildings of the territory, the 
 governor's residence, and barracks for the mounted police are to be erected 
 immedietely. From its position in the very centre of the great prairie region it ia 
 destined to become the chief distributing point for all that vast territory. 
 
 Betoming once more to the international boundary, we have Emerson and West 
 Lynne, two important points nearly opposite each other on the Red River, and 
 destined to nnite ere long and become one large city. Emerson and West Lynne can 
 both boast of fine builmngs, public and private, well laid-out streets, and a large 
 and ever-increasing trade with the south-western portion of Manitoba. We have not 
 space here to describe all the many interesting points along the railway, but the 
 following table will show how numerous are the rising towns along the route, and how 
 eonveniently situated they are as markets for the settlers. 
 
 What are the Distances betiveen the Cities, Towns, 
 and Villages on the .TIain L<ine (Prairie Section) of the 
 Canadian Paciflc Railway t 
 
 MUes. Miles. 
 
 St. Vincent — Red Jacket 7 
 
 Smerson 2 Wapella 9 
 
 Dominion City 10 Burrows 8 
 
 Amand 8 Whitewood 6^ 
 
 Dufrost 8 Percival 7 
 
 Otterbume 9 Broadview 7J — 181 
 
 Niverville 7i Oakshela 7 
 
 St Norbert IH Grenfell 8 
 
 St Boniface.... 9 Summerberry 7i 
 
 WiNNiPEO 8—68 Wolseley 8 
 
 Rosser 16 Sintaluta 8 
 
 Marquette 14 Indian Head 10 
 
 Beabom « Capell Hi 
 
 PopUr Point - 5 McLean 8 
 
* no ANS WBXS TO^ fiUmTrOifSt XTdK0ES.mN9^^Am TOBA. 
 
 Portage la Prairie 7 Pilot Butte •4»;iUM»<i»> 
 
 Burnside .._, . 74 RiCQUiA.- ^...i^ .j». |8ipr92i 
 
 qaggt....,..v«.^. .,••••• i »a • GraM Coulee ...._ .10. . , 
 
 •McureMr—..—, ,....'..,...,., 8 . " . j^ense.. ,,.,. ...«~..j,.... 7 .^ • 
 
 Austin 5^ •" Bene Flame 8 ' 
 
 .»MefbMiiiw.'.'^.f.".v;'A'.','.".;'.."'.;. .*?."• ' 6*- '•"" ^Mdoti J»w*-.'^^":a/:^a.^?.'!.1t.*— «# ••••^ ** 
 
 Douglaa 7i Mortl«ch";.r.i.?-.'?,-..":'.'.":'.'."J.'Vi." "9 — ^ '^ 
 
 ,JBj^ANOO»,.,-..T-~p.«.*...^~.,.i „. 5-rrJ.32ici-<8ecretaja,.,...,j«..-^.*»i-.„-... «10i..; *». 
 
 Oak Lakfi.^.,..,..«...^.>.«...u.. ...Sir •> ../.Kn2IbraA(.,„.,^^..„;4..j;,.«...4;.e»U)„„,..»ni; 
 yirden ,^,.„...,.t' .... 14J Herbert " SJ 
 
 T'ait^atef.r.?.*..? ■=• "^" ?:'>."""8 "'^ * ''Ruih'Lafar- .^jsr;.'*.*'.!...?:?.'./^'"*!*' 
 • B!M»rA"°...-.'.".'.v.';ir..ir.':?. .'..:•'' ti '"•■'^Wftldeck''v.v.';'.. .•::..'.;.*. Trt:..'.:'''^!-''''''*'^ 
 ''Mcfflfog '*(.. ...'.v.":'.'.'.?.;;'.';.*..-.' -lit •**•'"' "SwiffGniwittif' ?.v.';.{-.v.';.rr:r.'".t' llJ-i**'^' 
 
 »f f.c 
 
 TT~..4 ;...-•;»=, 
 
 ;.WmmEeg to Brandoa .....,„..^..,....'...v_j.vV-M»w}.ft-v,«^"-«u-„,J3?;^^ J^, v. ,,-;,] 
 TiWWJ&op^-tP P^oa<^,n,e\?.,)•••«^^.,,.v.M;,WM.^M.•«f♦..M••M..•>w.^♦t••v-««»13J_•, *.-.., „ ...T 
 Broadview tp.RpgiPft j.5«v;«'Mj,«fv«v .jfv wf-'-rMuvntsw-yy*- •' ^>^ ^-ii ~»-v»-m- 
 Regina to Swift Current .........:.. 154.2—578.2 uiiles. 
 
 ej.vo: Further-ediHoHflof-tliik tittle irorfcj cbnfcaiAiflffbeaA qneiftioDfe ^ad 4tw^r3 
 >' ccnlcermng^tlie 'ccrantry, wf"' be published 'frorn'tim^-tO' tifiie, lir tlit i&eftfvtklie, 
 "Hrfor!hat?k>Q on all porn ». r© ting to - Manitoba abd^tfae.OBnadiaziNortli-w^ wiUr^bo 
 "•gladly faraiBhed-bjwritiu^ >o or calling oil '" -^ ^' = . . •» .^w-.-;w^ i,..,*- 
 
 • f*/"^ Wiv'*-? *r'*'> '■•'#•'/* -vta,"! {•««<» ^#«.%f •^^ V****** '^^ f».'«#«iMHk^t« 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 1^^^^ 
 
 
 
 
 '•K^W^*!**".*"^ 
 
 
 t 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 'i'--:"''-^" 
 
 J 
 
 • o 
 
 •s«N'r.rr«~r«n»*rCr 
 
 — „ ,V,'vr 
 
 
 i : 
 
 
COMPARATIVE TABLE OF DISTANCES. 
 
 CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY. 
 
 MTLES. 
 
 From Montreal to Port Moody (Pacific Terminus) 2,906 
 
 From New York to Port Moody, via Canadian Pacific Itailway and Montreal... 3,289 
 
 From New York to Port Mocdy, ria Canadian Pacific Railway and Brockville 3,164 
 
 From New York to San Francisco, via Central and Union Pacific Railways and 
 
 shortest connecting lines in the United States 3,331 
 
 From Liverpool to Montreal.. 2,790 
 
 From Liverpool to New York 3,040 
 
 From Liverpool to Port Moody, via Canadian Pacific iiailway and Montreal... 5,696 
 
 From Livery. ool to San Francisco, via all United States routes . 6, 830 
 
 From Liverpool to Yokohama (Japan), via Montreal and Canadian Pacific 
 
 Railway 11,019 
 
 From Liverpool to Yokohama (Japan), via New York and San Francisco 12,038 
 
 The above distances, via Canadian Pacific Railway, are by the Kicking Horse 
 Pass, a route lately discovered by the Company's engineers, which shortens the line 
 over niuftty miles, and gives it the easiest gradieats through the Rockies of any of 
 the Pacific railroads. 
 
READ THIS. 
 
 If you have one or more 
 friends who would like to 
 receive Maps, Pamphlets, and 
 other information concerning 
 Manitoba and The Canadian 
 North- West, please write their 
 address on the slip sent here- 
 with, and enclose it in the 
 addressed envelope, then mail 
 it to me. 
 
 ALEXANDER BEGQ, 
 
 Canadian Pacific Railway, 
 
 101, CANNON STREET, 
 
 LONDON. 
 
t^ 
 
 
188S. 
 
 LEXANDER BEGG, 
 
 CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY, 
 
 101, Cannon Street, 
 
 LONDON, ENGLAND. 
 
 Dear Sir, 
 
 Please send, free of any char0, Maps and Pamphlets 
 
 tJibainin^J information about Afanitoba, and the Canadian J^orth- West, to 
 
 And oblige, 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
- '^^ 
 
 f 
 
 .^; 
 
 ALEXANDER BBGG, 
 
 Canadian Pacific Railway Co., 
 101, Cannon Street, 
 
 LONDON, 
 
 England. 
 
 t