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It is issued to the membership in confidence, and with the distinct understand- ing that it is not to be given to the press or tc the public until after it has been presented at the meeting. As there will be no supply of extra copies there, and papers are liable to be read by abstract only, preserve this copy for your use, and £RINa TBIS COP7 WIT'S 70U TO THB MEJBTINah (/Subject io Beviaion.) DXC.» EFFECT OF VARYING THE WEIGHT OF REGENE- RATOR IN A HOT-AIR ENGINE. BY G. W. BISSELI^ AXE8, IOWA. (Junior Member of the Society.) "When the writer was connected with Cornell University, as instructor in experimental engineering, he noticed that experi- ments with a Eider Compression Pumping Engine gave data showing a lowering of temperature of i;he jacket-water in its course through the engine, instead of an elevation of tempera- ture, as he expected. Many experiments, conducted carefully and with special pains in the calibration of thermometers, and in their use by interchange of position, confirmed the phenome- non. The experiments which are herein described, and of which the data are given, were made to find out what effect, if any, varying the amount of metal in the regenerator Avould have upon the phenomenon referred to. The Eider Compression Hot Air Pumping Engine is too well known to require description. The fuel used consisted of wood used for starting the fires and hard coal. The amount used in each run was determined as in the standard method of steam- boiler trials. All of the wa,ter pumped passed through the jacket of the displacing cylinder, except a small stream which was carried through the jacket of the working cylinder. Both streams of water were united beyond the pump and delivered to * Presented at the Montreal meeting, June, 1804, of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, and forming part of Volume XV. of the Transactions. 2 EFFECT OF VAKYINd THE WEKIHT OF IVEGENERATOB. the weir, which measured the water pumped. The head against which the pump worked was made by throttling the discharge, ami was measured by a pressure-j^augo in the usual way. The indicator was attached to the regenerator chamber, and its drum received motion from the working cylinder. The speed was ob- tained by hand counting. The thermometers used for determin- ing the temperatures of the jacket-water were eighteen inches long, graduated to 1/5 " Fahr., and carefully compared, besides being frequently interchanged durijig each test. The data and results are appended. Graphical logs and a graphical record of the final results are also given. The obser- vations were taken by Messrs. Clarke and Heilman, then senior students in the laboratory, the latter being now instructor in the laboratory. The writer gave close supervision to the ex- periments here reported, and frequently verified the readings of the temperatures of the jacket water. TEST NO. 1. All of regenerator in ; weiglitof Bame, iiO.TS lbs. Date, April 14, 1891. Duration. 2 hours 30 minutes. Zero of weir, 0.78.5S feet. Wei-l.t of wood, (1.3 Ite. Weight of coal, 4.03 lbs. No. 1 2 3 4 5 () 7 8 9 10 n n 13 14 15 10 Mean Time. 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 4.00 4.10 4. -.20 4.30 4.40 4. DO 5.00 5.10 5.20 5.30 5.40 5.!j0 Weir Keudiug. 0.9rT3 O.lHiti;^ 0.9:03 0.9091 0.90*.-) 9704 0.9()8:J 0.9748 0.9;33 0.9053 o.9e9.- 0.9(ib'. 0.9700 0.972^ 0.9712 0.9; 08 0.9703 Uend. Ibrt. 11.00 10.2.5 10.75 10.75 10.00 10.50 lO..^ 10.75 10. "5 10.75 10.75 10.75 9.85 10.75 10.75 10.75 10.«6 M.E.I'. 9.. 53 9.47 9.08 9.73 9.08 9.89 9.47 9.02 9.92 9.89 9.02 9.55 9.85 10.00 9.08 9.53 9.69 TEMPBBATUKE9. Room . 77 Water at Weir. 86.8 87.5 8S.0 88.4 89.3 89.9 90.1 89.0 89.8 89.9 90.4 90.5 90.8 91.0 91.0 91.0 83.62 Jacket. Entering. 58.2 60.9 00. n 60.7 00.9 61.1 61.1 61.3 01.2 01.4 01.5 61.7 61.9 01.9 ()1.9 01.9 "oT.Te Leaving. 61.2 .59.0 58.9 58.9 .59.5 59.2 59.5 .59.3 .59.2 59.8 ,59.8 69.9 159.9 00.0 59.9 59.9 59.62 Itevs. per Minute. 106 104 110 106 100 100 102 112 110 106 104 104 104 100 106 108 105.9 EFFECT OF VARYING THE WEKillT OF REGENKIJATOH. 3 JO w ;io 40 no CO 70 fO 1)0 TlwJi? minutes- ICO 110 i:o 130 110 ir£ 10 20 30 i»0 so 00 70 80 !X) Time— niiuutcs. 100 110 120 I.TO 110 iJO EI-TECT OP VAKVIN'C. THE WETCUIT OF UEOENKTMTOHS. to 20 30 40 50 CO 70 SO 00 Time— mluutcB . 100 110 IIM TEST NO. 3. Two-thir.ls of generator in; weight of sn \ 13.5 lbs. Date, April 15, 1891. Duration, 2 hours, 30 minutes. Zero of weir, 0.7853 feel. Weight of wood, 8.75 lbs. Weiglit of coal, 6.5 lbs. Tempeuatuuks. Revs. No. Time. Weir Reading. Head, lbs. M.E.P. Room . Water at Weir. Jacket. per Minnte. Entering. 62.9 Leaving. 1 3.00 0.9mi!) 10.. 50 8.39 83 78.1 62.0 92 3 3.10 0.9^90 9.50 8.34 79.9 62.2 61.5 104 3 3.30 0.9612 10.25 8.40 81.6 61.8 61.3 108 4 3.30 0.9(i90 10.25 8.39 S2.5 61.8 60.9 95 r> 3 40 0.969r 11.25 8.32 79 83.9 61.7 60.7 106 6 3.50 0.9.573 10.75 8.33 85.0 61.8 61.4 98 r 4.00 0.9648 10.75 8.39 86 1 62.2 63.2 98 s 4.10 0.9673 10.00 8.62 78 87.3 62.3 63.9 98 9 4.20 0.9U59 10.35 8.63 84.6 62.2 62.2 19 10 4.30 0.9(;3S 10.00 8.:ii 84.5 62.2 62.3 Dt) 11 4.40 0.9645 10.15 8.70 78 85.7 62.5 62.3 9ti 12 4..")0 0.9610 10.00 8.57 «6.8 62.6 62.4 94 13 5.00 0.9660 10.35 8.62 IS8.0 62.9 62.0 94 14 5.10 0.9690 10.50 8.47 88.6 62.9 61.6 96 15 5.20 0.9689 10. ,50 8.63 78 89.3 62.9 61. r 99 16 5.80 0.9678 10.55 10.35 8.62 8.49 79 89.4 85.0 (32.9 62.3 61.7 96 Mean . . 0.9656 61.9 97.7 KKFKCT OF VAKYING THK WKKUIT OF UKOEN F.KATOn. 5 TEST NO. H. On( -fliird of rcgcin'rator In ; wpl^flit t;5 10.25 0.!).5.55 10.25 0.n.'>.55 10. .50 0.')093 10.25 o.cfise 10.49 M. E. P. I Hoonj. TEMPKBATrnKR. Jacket. 7.. 5(1 7.48 7.78 7.H5 7.72 7.H7 7.87 7.80 I .n, 7. HO 7.H7 7.87 7.72 7.87 7.65 7. OH 7.75 77 Water at Weir. 03.0 iKl.O 114.5 95.0 ro.4 92.1 92.4 93.5 91,0 93.7 94.4 95.5 90.9 90.3 90.4 89.0 «a 1 HCV8. I per [Minute. Enlerlng. 05.5 04.8 04.5 (i3.3 03.0 03 03.7 03.9 (;4.5 04.0 04.5 05.3 05.8 or. 7 05.2 04.7 64.5 Leavhij}. 65. a 00.2 05.7 ♦18.5 01.0 03.3 03 8 04.9 04.3 04.9 04.5 08,5 05.4 65.3 00.5 05.0 64.0 92 90 90 101 no 9.1 m 100 104 00 94 IH) 88 88 88 98 95.5 RESULTS. Diameter of work'.nj: piston. 0.75incliftH ; diami-tfrof pump pliinifer, 1.5 Indies ; length of strolie of worliing piston, 0.7i)2 f jet ; lengt!i of stroke of pump plunger, 0.713 feet. Test No. )(ite. Duratii'ii Wf iRhf of I egcnerator, ll>8 , FleiHl pumped against, feet Weir rending. ... Weir zero Head over weir, feet Waler delivered, cubic feet per necond Temperature of water at weir, Falir Effective horse-power M.E.P. Kcvolutionx jier minute Indicated horse-power Mechiinical efUcieney, per cent Coal consumed per hour, lb» Coal per I. II. P., per liour Initial temperature of jacket-water. Final tempenture of jacket-water, . UifC in temperature of jacket-water. 1 4-14-1891 2j hours 20.75 24.51 0.9703 0.7853 0/18.50 0.0215 89.02 0.0,590 9.09 105.0 0.880 0.79 2.84 3.23 61.10 59.02 -1.54 8 4-15-1891 2i hours 13.50 2^ HO 0.9055 0.78;. 3 0.1 8G2 0.0202 85.00 0.0542 8.49 (;7.7 0.711 7.02 4.00 5.02 62.30 61.9 -0.4 4-10-1891 8J hours 6.75 24. '2 0.9626 0.7853 0.1773 0.0193 93.1 0.052S 7.75 95.45 0.632 8.20 3.68 5. 82 04.5 04.9 + 0.4 Remarks. — The rirse in temperatiirt- of tlie water from the pump to the weir was occisioned portly by the jacket- water from the working cylinder which was admitted to the discharge pipe after the final temperature of the main stream had been measured, and partly by the arrangement of the disoliarge pipe, which was carried through the upper part of the room in the vicinity of !!•' VAiniN