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LUDLOW, WITH THE EULOGY ' i J TROMOVMCBD AT SALEM, ON THE OCCASION, BT HON. JOSEPH STOBY. ' To which b prefixed* AN ACCOUNT OF THE ENGAGEMENT BETWEEN THE CHRSAPBAKE AND SHANNOH, WITH DOCUMENTS BBLATIVE TO THE SAMB, AND BIOGRAPHICAL AND POETICAL NOTICES. •• A nation's tears bedew the hero's grave." BOSTOJ^: 'PRINTBD BT JOSHUA B2SX.CHER. 1813. ■* It 'im Jim amnm Au i.*MMkj» \ • ^ ADVERTISEMENT. The plaudits of a grateful country* bestowed on those heroes who have nobly devoted their lives to its cause, are never awarded in vain. Young ambition bv.ms in a thousand bosoms, and produces eager strife for that glory which lights on the brow of him who survives the deeds of ** gallant dar- ing," or which shines on the bier of the victim of patriotism. On the proudest page of American history, among the acnievements of valour by \^ sons, the name of our lamented Lawrence will be conspicirously recorded. Although the last act of his life brought misfortune to his coiintry, it has entailed no dishonour ; it has rather shed a new ray of glory on our already brilliant naval character. To collect, from the local publications which are commonly disregarded after a single perusal, what relates to the life and death of such a man, seems to be peculiarly proper :X a time when his sacred remains, and those of the gallant youth his sec« ond in command, have been restored to their native country. Such facts, relative to the capture of the Chesapeake as will exhibit a full history of the action, with an account of the honours paid to the illustrious dead in the enemy's country and our own, will be presented in this pamphlet, which will also contain biographical sketches, and some poetical effu- sions which merit preservation. BE IT REMEMBBUKD, (hut on (he twenly-eigbtli day of Augait, in (he Ihirtjr-tighth year of (lie Imlependeiice of (he United -Statei of Araeriea, Joshua Belcher, of (he mhI district. hKsdepotited in this office the title of a hook, the right wliei-eof he ulairat a« itropi'ietoi', in the words followingi to wit i '* An Aeeount of ilie funeral honours lieMowed on the Kmains of Captain Lawrence and Lt Ludluw, with the EULOGY pronounoed at Sal'.m, on the occasion, by the Hon Joseph Story ; to which is prefixed, an account of the engageinent between (he Cheiapeakc ond Shannon, with doeumenU relative to the same ; and BioQraphical and Poetical notices." "A J\ittion'a lean bedew the kero's grive," In conformity to the act of the Cojigrcta of tl:e United States, inSitled, '< An Aet for the encouragement of leaiiiiiig, hy aecuring the copies of maps, ehnrts, and books to the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the *imes therein mentioned ;" and also to an aet intilleil, " An Act supplementary to an act, mtitled. An Act for the encouragement cf lexmin^, by securing the copies of maps, charts, ami bonks, to the authors and proprietors of such copies during iho tiroes therein mentioned : and extending the benefits thereof to the arts of (!esisning, engraving, and etching histnri'ntl and other prints." WILLIA.M S. SM AW, Clerk of the District of Mauachuteus. NKT' ■mmmimm- . iwfiiji.1 .iiii«pmi< [T. itiy* bestowed on those p lives tp its cause, are tion br.ms in a thousand • that glory which lights ; deeds of « gallant dar- :he victim of patriotism, can history, among the he name of our lamented corded. Although the le to his codntry, it has shed a new ray of glory er. ons which are commonly hat relates to the life and culiarly proper r.t a time the gallant youth his scc- i to their native country, re of the Chesapeake as in, with an account of the in the enemy's country his pamphlet, which will and some poetical efTu- nty-eigbtliday of Auf(ait, in the the United-StaUt of Araeriea, epotited in thi* oflSoe tlie title of etor, in the word* following, to towed on the i-emnins of Captain tr prooonnoed at Sal'.m, on the 1 is prefixed, an aecount of the man, with doeuments relative to :c9. hero'* Strive." ilie United States, iutitled, '< An Lii-ini; the copies of maps, charts, I copies, during the *inae« therein Lit Act Mippleinentary to an net, irning, by securing the copies of iroiM'ielo'rs of such copies during lie benefits thereof to the arU of il other prints." 3. SHAW, Clerk of the District of MaU8chuse:ts. ENOA6EMENT BETWEEN THE CHESAPEAKE AND SHANNON. The American Frigate Chesapeake, commanded by Cap- tain James Lawrence, after having received the repurs which a winter's cruise of five months had rendered necessary, dropped into the outer harbour of Boston, on Sunday the tlurtieth of May, 1813. Two British frigates had long before been cruising in the Bay, and it was during their temporary absence, that the Chesapeake came into port without interruption, after having made a complete circuit of the Atlantic, under the coipmand of Capuin Evans, without falling in with any of the public ves- sels of the enemy. On the S5th of May the Tenedos, one of the British frigates, separated from her consort, and the Shannon, rated a thirty-eight gun ship, commanded by Captain P. B. V. Broke, continued alone on the station. Repeated verbal challenges from the commander of this Frigate to the commander of the Chesapeake, had been reported by vessels spoken by the British ship, but the fornwlity of writing was not adopted by Captain Broke in time for his communication to be received by Caption Lawrence. On the 1st day of June, while the finhl preparations for a cruise were making on board the Chesapeake, two new lieutenants having just been ordered to her, the Sliannon appeared off the harbour at an early hour in the morning, and continued standing off and on in full view of the town. The sight of the flag of an enemy, waving in proud defiance on board a single, ship, was a Mgnal for the hurried completion of the preparations of the Amcr* kan Frigate. At half past twelve o'clock, as early as the tide would permit, the anchor of the Chesapeake -wan weighed, and she stood out to sea through the'Light House channel, steering about an easterly course. The Shannon, then on the north side of the bay, t4bked and stood to the southward and eastward, and cont^ued on that course until she disappeared from sight in town, about fiAir o'clock. The Chesapeake also disat>peared about half past five o'clock, stilt standing to the eastward. The lugh lands and house tops, in Boston and its vicinity, were crowd- ed with specutors of the progress of the hostile ships, anxiously waiting for tiie commencement of the expected combat. Boats f-4 in great numbers had gone into the bay, filled with passengers, to witness the engagement, and they returned in the evening with intelligence of the capture of the Chesapeake ; but so ron> tradictory were the statements of different witnesses, that the public nund was kept in a state of painful suHpensc until the 18th, when Halifax papers of the 9th were received, announcing the arrival of both ships at that port. The following paiticulars of the action, said to have been ob- tained from officers of the Shannon, were given in those papers. f ENGLISH ACCOUNT. Early in the morning of the 1st inst. the Shannon stood in close to Boston Light House, and observed the Chesapeake lying at anchor, with royal yards across, and apparently ready for sea— the British colors were then hoisted on board the Shannon, and she hove to, near the land ; at 9 A. M. the enemy frigate was observed to loosen her sails, and fire a gun ; at half past twelve she weighed anchor, and stood out of the harbor, when the Shannon filled, and, under easy sail, edged off* the land, followed by the' Chesapeake ; at 4, shortened sail, at 5 hove to, with the topsails aback, for fear the enemy would not bring her to action before dark. In twenty minutes after, the Chesapeake sheered within musket shot of the Shannon, still standing towards her, in such way as left our tars in uncertainty which side of their ship she intended to engage ; at half past 5, however, she luffed up on the Shannon's weather quarter, and on her foremast coming in a line with the Shannon's mizen, the latter fired the after gun, and her others, successively, until the enemy came directly abreast, when the Chesapeake fired her whoie broadside, which the Shannon immediptcly returned ; in five minutes the Chesapeake fell along-side the Shannon, and was boarded in her tops, as well as on her decks, and, in eleven minutes from the commencement of the action, her ensign was hauled down, and soon afterwards replaced with the English fli^ over them. — Her decks cleared of the dead, the wounded taken below, a great proportion of the prisoners removed out of her; and ac- companied by the Shannon, she was steered fur this port. On board the Shannon, Mr. Watt, the first Lieutenant ; Mr. Aldham, the Purser ; Mr. Duhn, Captain's Clerk, and twenty- three seamen, were killed — Captain Broke, a midshipman, and fifty-six seamen, wounded. [The loss on board the Chesapeake is then stated.J Capt. Broke, we understand, nobly led the boarders from the quarter-deck, and was, we ra-e sorry to state, severely wounded, in the moment of victoiy, by a < abre, on the head, while exerting himself to save two Americans from the fury of his men ; he is, hpwever, wc rejoice to learn, in a fair way of recovery, and we i i * m tWf kmM ktdi0 ii i i iiLJ i i K H i ftriH i i *,!^ , mifrrrf^ ir ■»;■■> ^asaengers, 10 evening )Ut ao ron- 18, that the 111 the 18th, luncing the |re been ob- a&e papers. 3od in close ke lying at y for sea^— lannon, and frigate tvas past twelve when the id, followed to, with the ler to action ike sheered owards her, de of their r, she luffed er foremast ter fired the ;nemy came \c broadside, minutes the irded in her tes from the d down, and ver them. — en below, a ler ; and ac- port. :enant; Mr. uid twcnty- liipman, and ited.] :rs from the ly wounded, lile exerting men ; he is, ery, and we AMEUICAN OFFICIAL ACCOUNT OP THE CAPTURE OF THE CHESAPEAKE. Cofitf qfa letter from Lieut. Bodd to the Secretary of the Attvy, dated Nalffaxi June 15, 1813. SiB, • The unfortunate death of Captain Jamea Lawrence^ and Lieut. Juguatua C. Ludlow, has rendered it my duty to inform you of the capture of the United Stales Frigate Chesapeake. On Tuesday, June 1st, at 8 A. M. we unmoored the ship, and at meridian got under way from President's Roads, with a light wind from the southward and westward, and proceeded on a cruise. A ship was then in sight in the offing, which had the appearance of a ship of war, an i which, from information teceiv- ed from pilot boats and craft, we believed to be the British frigate Shannon. We made sail in chase and cleared ship for action. At half past four, P. M. she hove too, with her head to the southward and eastward. At five, P. M. took in the royals ai|d top-gallant-sail^ and at half past five, hauled the courses up. About fifteen minutes before six, P. M. the action commenced within pistol shot. The first broadside did great execution on both sides, damaged our rigging, killed) among others, Mr. White, the sailing master, and wounded Captain Lawrence. In about twelve minutes after the commencement of the tcUoB, we fell on board of the enemy, and immediately after one of our arm chests on the quarter deck was blown up by a hand grenade thrown from the enemy's ship. In a few minutes one of the Captain's aids came on the gun deck to in- form me, that the boarders were called. I immediately called the boarders away, and proceeded to the spar deck, where I found that the enemy had succeeded in boarding us, and had gained pr*■ ''I 10 ' twenty-three seamen, killed ; and Capt. Broke, a midshipman, and fifty-six seamen wounded. The Shannon had, in addition to ^her full complement, an olTicerand sixteen men belonging to the Belle Poulc, and a part of the crew of the Tenedos. I have the honbur to be, with very great respect, Sec. GEORGE BUDD. The Hon. William Jones, Secretary ({f the Airy, Wa$hington. KILLED. Q^c«r«.— Edward J. Ballard, acting Lieutenant ; James Broome, (int Lieutenant of Marines; William A. White, Sailing Matter; PolUrl Hopewell, John Bva.i*, Courlland Livingston, Midshipmen i Daniel Durham, Quartermntler ; James Woodbury, do. ; Michael Kelly, Quar- ter Gunner t John Carter, Boatswain's Mate. Seamen— Mtnry H. Munroe, Abraham Cox, Sterling Clark, Alexander Marino, Th«mas Uvans, John Miller, Daniel Martin, Robert Bates, Wil- liam Russell, Harris Ball, Andrew Williams, Joseph Simmonds. John W.Duggan, David Bias, Josiah Shatfield, John Phillips, Benjamin Esday, John Reed, 3d. Samuel Mullin, Michael Sawyer, James Betton, John Crabb, Samuel M. Perkins, Joseph Judith, John Jones, Christopher lloustan. Marine* — Tliomas Wheaton, Benjamin Morrison, John MolHgan, Jobs ' German, John Huntress, James Trainor, Jacob Preston, Phillip Bryant, Redmond Barry, Robert Standley, Dclony Ward. WOUNDED. O^0p«._Jambs LAWaiMoa, Esq. Captain* i Augustus C. Ludlow, Lieutenant* ; George Budd, Lieutcnuit t William Cox, acting lieuten- ant ; Samuel Livermore, acting Chaplain; Francis Nichols, Walter Abbot, William A. Weaver, Fximund M. Russell, William Berry, Mid- shipmen ; I'eter Adams, Boatswain* ; JefTersun Griffith, James A. Lewis, Quarter-masters; Porbes Dels, Qusrter.i[funner* ; Samuel Hutson, Sail.maker's Mate; Thomas Finnagan, Gunner's Yeoman; Thomu Smith, Sd. John Veazey, John Giles, Thomas Rouse, Quarter-gunners ; Thomas Jackson, 3d. Quarter-master. incis Nichols, Walter i, William Berry. Mid- iffith, James A. Lewis, !r* ; Samuel Hutson, r's Yeeman; Thomu use, Quarter-gunners i i>hn Appleton, Peter rson, Tiioma% Sterling, incis Symonds,* John I Hodgman,* Fhuicu lackett, Andrew Mer- , Giles Gone,* Andrew s^Robert May, Joseph Uns, Charles Sarnnt, iehardson, James Dur> nin Sumner, Wtlliani I Petasiwing, William uidelKBrown, Mathias I Jonea, 3d. John Cald- 'is ; Corporal, Williani Joseph Twiss, George shnston, John Wright, rg, Thomas Johnson, John Livre, and John THE CHESAPEAKE. WHILE the capture of this ill-fated ship and the unexampled carnage of our l>rave officers, seamen and marines have created a pang of universal sorrow ; to alleviate our grief, it ought to be remembered, tnat a seriea of ditadvantaget and accident* occurred, against which no skill or prudence could have guard- ed ; which are not likely to recur ; and the combined force of which, in all probability, occasioned the melancholy catastrophe, which has ao deeply depressed the fcelin^fs of the nation. Captain Evans, who commanded the Frigate during her last cruise, who perfectly understood her trim, and who bad acquir- ed a thorough knowledge of the merits of his officers and men, it is reasonable to presume, could have brought the ship into action under greater advantages, than his brave and skilful suc- cessor, wlio could have had no previous opportunity of acquiring the knowledge so fully possessed by him. But a wound which he received in the Mediterranean, and which severely sfTected one eye, and by sympathy the o||ier, rendered him unfit for a cruise, and induced him to solicit shore-service until his recovery. The command of the ship then devolved upon Cap- tain Lawrence, and the Secretary of the Navy assigned her to him, with orders to proceed to sea as soon, as she was ready. He accordingly joined the ship about ten days previously to her sailing, at which time she was nearly ready for sea. This un- acquaintance with the ability of his officers, and the character of his nien, was an evident disadvantage ; but it was inevitable. The situation of the ship, and the discipline and appearance of the crew, much surpassed his expectations. As if by some fatility, the disadvantage already suggested was but the com- mencement of a train of evils, any one of which might have proved fatal to the best fought battle. Prior to Captain Law- rence's arrival, Mr. Thompson, the second Lieutenant of the ship in her last cruise, had obtained leave of absence on account of ill health ; and after his arrival, Mr. Nicholson, for the same cause, and Mr. Pearce, acting lieutenants, obtained leave of absence ; and on Thu .liiday previously to her sailing, Mr. Page, the first Lieutenant, and an invaluable officer, was dangerously seized with a In.r* fever, of which he ahortljr after died. Lieutenant Ludlow, the third officer in the last cruise, of course succeeded to Mr. Page's situation, a station in which he had never before acted. The assignment of new duties to new officers, however brave or skilful, a short time before putting to sea, must also appear to every reflecting mind an evident disadvan- tage. This disadvantagre is heightened by the consideratbn, that the gentlemen, who reluctant^ left the ship, had inlisted the crew ; had been with them in their former five months cruise, and V n were oflkeri, in whom the seamen had the greatest confidence. NotwitliHtaiiding the absence of these olTicers, Captain Luwrcnce ticrnted it «injustifial)lc to potitpnnc his cruise. It might he an act of injustice to officers, who had succeeded to advanced hta- tions, in the regular course of service, to Ik; superceded in their commands by oflicers from any other ships. Dut waving the point of honour, the soul of service, and dearer to oflicers, than •' tlie apple of their eye," if Captain Lawrence had postponed his cruise, no senior Lieutenants were to l)c obtaimd, as they were all assigned to other service. Apart from his peremptory orders to proceed to sea, for the non-observance of which, he would have been censurable, there was no justifiable reason for delay- ing departure ; and our brave commander's conduct in going out, is fully sanctioned by the gallant Uainbridge, the com- manding officer of the station. This is a perfect justification, if any were required, fcv the conduct of a junior officer. It was known that the Tcnedos, the consort of the Shannon, had left our bay to water ; and the latter ship had not been seen for some days prior to the first of June, when, as if the genius of the ocean had conuured with the fates to vanquish our gal- lantry, she hove in sight and spread her colours in defiance. Captain Lawrence was then on board the Chesapeake preparing to weigh anchor, and gallantly proceeded, without a consultation on shore, as if no menace had been offered ; and his officers, and many of his men were elated at the proximity of the enemy. It is unnecessary to comment upon the great inconvenience of being brought immediately to action upon a departure from port. Even if the battle be fought before the men become aeo'tick ; and in waters so still, that the acquisition of their aea-legt it unimportant ;— yet bidding adieu to wives, children, friends and country, with the awful certainty, that many ** hearts of oak" must soon visit the world of spirits, inevitably depresses the feelings to a degree, very unfavourable to the exercise of mus- cular action. Indeed, Captain Lawrence was so well aware of this disadvantage, that he declared he had rather fight the Shan- non and Tenedos in succession, after being at sea twenty days, than to meet one of them immediately upon weighing anchor. This disadvantage, however, was unavoidablei as the enemy in our bay, alwavs has it in his power to bring one of our frigates to action withm six hours after her departure ; and the ships, by lying in port six months, would not acquire a superior degree of preparation to meet an enemy ; for the same disiadvantagcous causes would always continue to operate. The battle was begun by an apparent advantage on our side, both in position and the celerity of fire ; but the destruction of officers by the enemy's fire, and prior to his boarding, in pro- portion to the destruction of men, was more than ten to one ; and Capt. Lawrence was wounded in the leg in the first broadside. No man can reasonably dottbt, that there was accident in this. •«i«anv ««W"ap>** >a Kvcalcftt conrulencc. •, Captain Lawrence te. It might l)» an led to advanced Ma- ■upcrccded in thcii- Dm waving the arcr to ofltcers, than had postponed hit itaincdi as they were peremptory orders ot which, he would ible reason for delay- r's conduct in going ainbridgc, the com- erfect justification, if dor officer. isort of the Shannon, lip had not been seen hen, as if the genius to vanquish our gal- ' colours in defiance. Chesapeake preparing nrithout a consultation red ; and his officers, oximity of the enemy. ;reat inconvenience of a departure from port. len become tea-tick; m of their tea-legt U I, children, friends and lany *' hearts of oak" ritably depresses the the exercise of mus* was so well aware of rather fight the Shan- ng at sea twenty days, pon weighing anchor. able, as the enemy in ng one of our filgates ure ; and the ships, by lire a superior degree same disadvantageous idvantagc on our side, but the destruction of I his boarding, in pro- ore than ten to one ; g in the first broadside, s was accident in this. IS The action was commenced at pistol shot, the Chcsupcakv liuv< ing the wcuthcrgagc ; and, while tlie bmo'iiiding continued, the shipM were nearing. In this position ou: iii|;ato must have noon taken the wind from the enemy's sails, which would have enabled the Chesapeake, while he was fiUuig, to shoot ahead, lay herself across the enemy's bows, and rake, which would havo rendered victory decisive At this moment the foresails wcro ■0 disabled, that the Chesapeake would not obey her helm. Our ship with her head to wind fell so far to the leeward, that when the Shannon filled, she ran her bowsprit between our main rigging and mainmast, and laid it diagonally across the spar deck, and was prepared to repel boirdcrs. Com. Broke perceiving, that our upper deck was almost entirely swept, changed the disposition of the battle, and boarded at the head of twenty men, instead of waiting to repel. When Captain Lawrence perceived that Com. Broke was prepared to board, the order was passed to call the boarders to repel, when the bugle- man failed in his duty. But Lieutenant Cox, wlio comitianded the middle division on the gun-deck, heard the order and ran up. At this moment, and while Captain Lawrence was (giving some orders in relation to the damaged foresails, that the ship might again be rendered manageable, and the instant before Com.Broke boarded, he received his mortal wound. Lieut. Cox, aided by the men, carried Captain Lawrence l>elow, who gave orders before he left the deck, chairman, and adopted by the Senate, declaring that the attention already paid to our gallant navid commanders, had given offence to •• many good people," and that .a vote of thanks to a naval commander, who had perpetrated a deed which reflected Honour upon the American name, in this " unjusti unneces- sary, and iniquitous war," was inconsistent with " the feelings ca a moral and religious people". The battie of the Hornet and Peacock has been pronoun- cevl "bolder in design and more brilliant in execution" than either of our former victories. The inconsistency of withholding a paltry " vote of thanks ," which had been granted to others is what no ren ;tmg man would incur ; tl)c presumption of violating the usage of almost everv legislature in the un< ion a prudent man wnuld avoid i and the indelicacy of the censure cast upon the last legislature of Massachusetts, one branch of which was federal, fok having passed similar resolutions ; and the coarse reproach contained in this resolve upon those who gave a naval ball and feasted Biunbridge and Hull ; 'are equally irreconcilable wiUi liheral feelings, sound policy, and popular sentiment. -^IW nanta mm iri ffi.i i t f 0ttfi"i.««r" ' « 15 in's mate. When fellow opened the dw, exclaiming, as their prize-money." an arm-chest uiion loded a.nd created The delay in call- noment ; the loss of ship being rendered the loss of officers t, were certainly se- e of these disadvan- :hat some of these the calculations of concurred, and the rongly affecting the olation. There was lur officers, seamen :ommand. The shat- ts upon and below much damaged, the lid to the remains of rous tear of a brave n a vote of thanks :e was disabled, there the enemy or defend ) that under all the tibn, and all the dis* ;nemy by bis own ac- ifficial misstatements lieupeake, a motion was hanks to the officers and in the destruction of hit imanity exhibited by our is motion was negatived ) Hon. Josiah Qiuncy wai the attention already paid to ** many good people," o had perpetrated a deed in this " unjmt, unneces- le feelings of a moral and acock has been pronoun- ition" than either of our » paltry " vote of thanks," ting man woidd incur; ery legislature in the un< of the censure cast upon which was federal, fok preach contained in this ed Bainbridge and Hull ; lund policy, and popular not to believe him too implicitly, lost more in killed during the action, than wc lost in the capture of the Guerriere, the Mace- donian,' the Java and the Peacock ! \ ! The principal injury was done -to the Shannon's crew by our> cannonadingjwhich was discontinued when Captain Lawrence met with his last disaster ; but the Americans were principally killed and wounded by the musketry and sabres of the enemy, who alleges, that the battle continued but eleven minutes. One half of this Ume must have been consumed in boarding and carrying the ship. The Shannon has been dismantled to repair damage nearly three months ; and the enemy acknowledges that his loss in killed and wounded is eighty-eight — how many more we shall never know. This terrific effect was produced in five or six minutes ! The world never witnessed so destructive a fire, from so limited a broadside. Had Captain Lawrence received Commodore Broke's* chal- lenge before he put to sea, it would have enabled him to sail in company with a friendly flag, as proposed in the challenge, to the appointed place of meeting. This would greatly have in- creased the chance of our ship, and undoubtedly some of our oldest and most experienced Lieutenants would have volunteer- ed for a fight. Our ship therefore would have been better offi- cered, and as far as we can judge, one or two able officers, un- hurt, would have turned the fortune of the day. Comraoidore Broke's challenge states his braadside to present 24 guns ; 14 long 18 pounders upon his gun deck, and 10 thirty-two pound carronades upon his upper deck. We have been credibly in- formed by gentlemen from Halifax, that his ship' mounts fifty-two- carriage guns, and has swivels in her tops. The chal- lenge further states, that his complement is thi'ee hundred men and boys, 'and that he had on board thirty six, taken from recaptured ships. He has left it equivocal whether he in- * Much baa been said of this challenge, but there are some circumstances, which detract from the chivalry of this brave and ezperiencsd Comman- der, It contains some indirect reflections upon the valiant and persever- ing Roger< for having eluded him, which were notoriously untrue ; and a sneer upon our Government which was evidendy indecorous. The Halifitx Account states, that " eariy in tlie morning of the first of June the Shannon observed the Chesi^Kakelying at anchor with royal yards across, and ap- parently ready for ^ea— 1%e British colours were then hoisted pn board the Shannoiu and she hoVe to near tlie huid ; at 9, A.M. the enemy frigate was observed to loosen her sails and fire a gun t at half past ti|elve she weighed anchor, and stood out of the harbour." Now it is well ascertained that Broke's challenge was not sent from his own ship, and that too, by the way of Salem, until half past twelve. There was no chance* tlierefore.pf its reaching the Chesapeake, had she remuned in port, untU the morning of the second. It must be presumed therefore that Captjun Broke intended to cUim th» honour of a gallant challenge, without Mrmitting his antago- nist to avail himself of a knowledge of the facts, whiAi it contained, before the conflict Was decided. i i "-• ' .■ -;,. 16 eludes marines in this number. Now we have it ascertained, sI,cethT?ur,cr of the Chesapeake's arrival, that he had one officer and sixteen men from the Belle Poule, and part of the crew of the Tenedos. The probability therefore is, that he had above four hundred men in the Shannon, all told, with the ad- vantaee of a perfect knowledge of his ship, his officers and men havini sailed in her, with a great part of the same crew, ever since she was launched. Our ship presents a broadside of 24 euns, of the same rate with the Shannon ; her complement is 373 men and boys, and she mounted forty-eight carriage guns, and had no swivels in the tops. It is said the British cast their shot m iron, we certainly cast ours in sand. But from whatever cause,there is man 18 pound shot, a difference, in density, favourable to the Brittsh, of 1 lb. U .^z. in each shot, and of nearly 3 lb. in each 32 lb. shot. Hav- insf the computation made, and with undoubted accuracy, m the action between the Constitution and Java, let us apply the same Spks of computation to the relative weight of metal between the Chesapeake and Shannon. Shannon's gun deck. ^^^"^"^l^lF^or^' U guns, 18 lbs. 6 oz. 14 guns ^^ j^«- * °^- 257 lbs. 4 oz. 231 lbs. 00 oz. do. upper deck. do. upper deck. 10 guns, 33 lbs. 10 guns 30 lbs. 3?0lbs. _!!!.' S87\hs.*oz. at a droadaide. SSI \b^. at a broadtide. The difference in weight of metal tiirown by eabh broadside in lavor of the Shannon is about afty-six pounds. In addition to Z'2 the Chesapeake is the worst ship we ever had m tiie navy, and has very bad quarters. The Shannon has fine quarters, and is an excellent ship, which, all other circumstances being equaU Rave her a decided superiority m the action. If .the EnglwU beUeve they have decided the question of our ^fe™"^: J. S action, man for man, and gun for g"?' ^^ey «|" »«»** «,S of this belief by the future manner of appointing and manning their ships upon this station. But they will Uke no heart from this enKaKement Should the war continue, tiipy^ will place dpon this station stronger and better manned phips than they have ever done before. This tviU be tiie best evidence of their be- lief Their papers may vapour ; but the conduct of the Admi- laltv win be the only sure criterion of their conviction. The enUiusiasm of our tars* when the blue flag was displayed ; the u«meii4ou8 execution of our fire ; the heroic promptitude • Wlien the Clliapeake got within gunshot distance of the Shannon, ouf seamen voluntarily and heartily cheered. — . m il i .i ii j > | |B)BW|few#i H il llri pW i HI III HH «\m* 19 /^ }eii)g able to reward [ipty applause. Wc of eulogium, which, ne, may be regarded iter years. I undertaking to give tea and gallant deeds e untimely end has pathies of his coun- is youthful hero has prevent sober inves- iD his victory, before le passed before the r a moment, and fall- 1st of October, 1781, He was the youngest nsellor at law of that his mother died, and whom he ever showed liey took of bis infant jf heart by which he dutiful and affection- ; most gentle and en- ears of age when he g life ; but his father are for the profession ;ed him to acquiesce, education, at a gram- it to himself, and sat- fortuncs of bis father ton, and between the the study of the law , Esq. who then resid- ears in this situauon, } pursuits, wholly re- e dry studies of stat- and dull routine of a lease an ima^nation s. and variety of the 1 his strong predilec- •creased by every at- his solicitations, and mb, at Burlington, to laval tactics. He rc- is intention for apply- illy known, several of itate interested them* selves in his behalf, and wrote to the navy department. The succeeding mail brought him a midshipman's warrant ; and be- tween the age of sixteen and seventeen he entered the service ol his country. ..... <-■ His first cruise was to the West Indies in the ship uangcs, commanded by captain Thomas Tingey. In this and several subsequent cruises, no oiiportunity occurred to call forth partic- ular services; but the attention " and intelligence which he uni- formly displayed in the discharge of his duties, the correctness of his deportment, and the suavity of his manners, gained him the approbation of his commanders, and rendered him a favour- ite with his associates and inferiors. When the war was declared against Tripoli, he was promo- ted to a lieutenancy, and appointed to the command of the schoo- ner Enterprise. While in this command he volunteered his services in the hazardous exploit of destroying the frigate FM- adelphia, and accompanied Decatur as his first lieutenant. The brilliant success of that enterprise is well known ; and for the gallantry and skill displayed on the occasion, Decatur was made Post captain, while Lawrence, in common with the other officers and crew, were voted by Congress two month's extra pay— a sordid and paltry reward, which he immediately declined. The harbour of Tripoli appears to have been the school of our naval heroes. In tracing thfe histories of those who have lately distinguished thdmselves, we arc always led to the coast of Bar- bary as the field of their first experience and young achievment. The concentration of our little navy at this point, soon after Its formation, has had a happy effect upon its character and fortunes. The officers were most of them young in yeara, and young in arms, full of life, and spirits, and enthusiasm. Such is the ttme to form generous impressions and strong attachments. It was there they grew together in habits of mutual confidence and friendship ; and to the noble emulation of so many youtig minds newly entering upon the adventurous profession, may be attrib- uted that enterprising spirit and defiance of danger, that has ever since distinguished our navy. After continuing in the Mediterranean about three years and a half, Lawrence returned to the United States with Commodore Preble, and was again sent out on that station, as commander of Gunboat No. 6, in which he remained for sixteen months. Since that time he has acted as first lieutenant of the Constitution, and as commander of the Vixen, Wasp, Argas, and Hornet. In 1808, he was married to a daughter of Mr. Montaudevert, a res- pectable merchant of New York, to whom he made one of the kindest and most affectionate of husbands. At the commeceqier.t of die present war he sailed in the Hor- net sloop of war, as part of the squadron that cruised under Com- modore Rogers. While absent on this cruise, lieutenant Mor- 1 -i * iii ^ « W' ii ^ wm III yuk was -prwnoted to the rank of Poat captain, for bis bravery and skill as first lieutenant of the Constitution in her action with the Guerriere.* This appointment, as it raised him two grades, and placed him over the heads of older officers, gave great offence to many' of the navy, who could not brook that the regular rules of the service shotUd be infringed. It was thought particularly unjust, as giving him rank above Lawrence, who had equally distinguished himself as first lieutenant of Decatur in the de- struction of the JPhiladeiphia, and who, at present, was but mas- ter and commander. On returning from his cruise, captain Lawrence, after consult- ing with Commodores Rogers and Bainbridge, and with other experienced gentlemen of the navy, addressed a memorial to the Senate, and a letter to the Secretary of the Navy, wherein, after the fullest acknowledgments of the great merits and services of captain Morris, he remonstrated in the most temperate and re- spectful, but firm and manly l^guage on the impropriety of his promotion, as being contraiy lo the rules of naval precedence, and particularly hanl as it rdspccted himself. At the same time, he frankly mentioned that he should be compelled, however re- luctant, to k^ve the service if thus improperly outranked. The reply of the Secretary was singularly brief: barely oberv- ing, that if he thought proper to leave the service without a cause, there would still remain heroes and patriots to support the honour of the flag.—- There was a laconic severity in this reply, calculated to cut a man of feeling to the heart, and which ought not to have been provoked by the fair and candid, remonstrance of Lawrence. When men are fighting for honour rather than profit, the ut- jnost delicacy should be observed towards their high toned feel- ings. Those complaints which spring from wounded pride, and the jealousy of station, should never be regarded lightly. The best soldiers are ever mosj tenacious of their rank, for it cannot be expected, that he who hazards every thing for distinction, will be careless of it after it ia.attained. Fortunately, Lawrence *The Coniitttution urived in Boston on Sunday, the 30th of August, snd Comniodote Rogers' iquwbTNt came into port tiie next day. The promo- tion of Mr Morris was not tberefinc nutoe in the absence of Captain Law- renfce but was known to him while tlie 8<}uadron lay in lioston Harbour- Consulting Commodores Rogers and Bainbndge, who disapproved of the nomination as ruinous to the Sernce-snd as deeply infringing the ri^ts of the officers superceded, Captun Lawrence wrote to the Secretary of the Navy remoostrstmg sgiunst the appointment, to which remonstrance he received a laconic and scurrilous answer. Indignation, on tlie receipt <4f Hamilton's letter, prompted Ci^nain Lawrence to quit the service instandy, but strong- ly urged by his friends to await themeetin|[of tlie Senate he prepared a me- morial to that body and siuled on his cruise before the Senate conyened. This nMmorial, tiogether with his letter to the Secretary of the Navy, and Hamilton's answer, were published by a friend, to whose discretion copies were confided, in the Boston papers, about a month after the Hornet saUed. «.-_ . - . ->Ht,^JMWfl **fM«MMliMta««p|Mt|4^^ ijtWh |i;fin»iH*w**' fV tl br his bravery and ler action with the ioi two grades, and gave great offence It the regular rules hougbt particularly who had equally Decatur in the de- Bsent, was but mas- rence, after consult- Ifce, and with other d a memorial to the Ifavy, wherein, after erits and services of t temperate and re* : impropriety of his if naval precedence^ At the same time, ipelled, however re- ly outranked, brief: barely oberv- Tice without a cause, support the honour this reply, calculated cb ought not to have strance of Lawrence. :r than profit, the uti- beir high toned feel- 1 wounded pride, and ;arded lightly. The ir rank, for it cannot hing {or distinction, trtunately, Lawrence the 30th of August, and next day. The promo. iMcnce of C^>tain L«w- 1 lay in Uoaton Harbour* i^ho disapproved of the t'nnging the ririits of the le SecreUry of the Navy nonstrance he received a i receipt of Hamilton's ice instandyi but itrong- ienatehe prepared a me- « the Senate convened, petary of the Navy, and whose discretion copies after the Hornet sailed. lud again departed on a cruise before this letter arrived, which otherwise might have driven from the service one of our most meritorious officers. This second cruise was in company with Commodore Bain- bridge, who command;«d the Constitution. While cruising off the Brazils, they fell in with the Bonne Citoycnne, a British ship of war, having on board a larg^ amount in specie, and chased her into St. balvadore. Notwithstanding that she was a larger vessel, and of a greater force in guns and men thtot the Hornet) yet Captain Lawrence sent a challenge to her commander, Ci,p- tain Gi-een, pledging-his honour that neither the Constitution nor any other American vessel should interfere. Commodore Bain« bridge made a similar pledge on his own part ; but the Britisfai cotitmander declined tiie combat, alledging, that though perfectly satisfied that the event of such a rencounter would be favourablv' to his ship ; " yet he was equally convinced that Commodore Bain- bridge could not swerve so much from the paramount duty he owed his country, as to become an inactive spectator, and see a ship belonging to the very squadron under his orders, fall into the hands of the enemy." To make him ea^ on this point. Commodore Bainbridge left the Hornet four days together off the harbour in which the Bonne Citoyenne laid, from which she could discover thmbat the Hornet. At length the Constitution went off altogether, leaving Lawrence to blockade the Bonne Citoyenne, which he did for nearly a month, Captain Green not thinking proper to risk an encounter. It is posuble, that having an important public trvt in charge, and sailing under particular oi-ders, he did not think himself authorized to depart from thr purpose of Jiis voyage, and risk hia vessel in a contest for mere individual reputation. But if sucl^were his reasons, he should have stated them when he refused to accept the challenge. On the 34th of January, Captain Lawrence was obliged to shift his cruising ground, by the arrival of the Momague 74, which had sailed from Rio Janeiro for the express purpose of relieving the Bonne Citoyenne and a British Packet of twelve guns, which likewise lay at St. Salvadore. At length, on the morning ef the- 24th of February, when ciiiising of Demarara, the Hornet fell in with thf) British brig Peacock, Captain Peakc, a vessel of about equal force. The contest commenced within half pistol shot, and so tremendous was the fire of the Americans, tluit in less than fifteen minutes the enemy surrendered, and made signal of distress, being iu a sinking condition. Her mainmast shortly went by the board, and she was left such an absolute wreck, that, notwithstanding every exertion was msdq to keep her afloat I ■riiiipiii'«fWl!tiiWini|l*iiNV«"'ii""i'V ' * ■^ " H*wW>W«M«tP iMb.^^....^:..'-^ '•'1i 82 until the prisoners cculd be removed, she sunk with thirteen nC her crew, and three brave American tars, who tliiiv nobly perish- ed in relieving a conquered foe. The slaughter on boanl of the Peacock was very severe ; among the slain was found the body of her commander, CHptain Peake. He wui. twice wounded in the course of the actioii ; the last wound proved fatal. His body was wrapt in the flag of his vessel, and laid in the cabin to sink with her, a shroud and sepulchre worthy so bravtf a sailor. During the battle, the British brig L'Espeigle, mounting fif- teen two-and-thirty pound carronades and two long nines, lay at anchor about six miles in shore. Being apprehensive that she would beat out to the assistance of her consort, the utmost exer- tions were made to put the Hornet in a situation for action, and in about three hours she was in complete preparation, but the enemy did not think proper to make an attack. The conduct of Lawrence towards his prisoners was such, as, we are proud to say, has uniformly characterised the officers of our navy. They have ever displayed the liberality and scrupu- lous delicacy of generous minds towards those whom the fortune of war has thrown in their power ; and thus have won, by their magnanimity, those whom they have conquered by their valour. The officers of the Peacock were so affected by the treatment they received from Captain Lawrence, that on their a^Vrival at New-York, they made a grateful acknowledgment in the public papers. To use their own expressive phrase, « they ceased to consider themselves prisoners." Nor must we omit to mention a circumstance highly to the honour of the brave tars of the Hornet. Finding that crew of the Peacock had lost all their clothing by the sudden sinking of the vessel, they made a sub- scription» and from their own wardrobes supplied each man with two shirts, and a blue jacket and trowsers. Such may rough sailors be made, when they have before them the ekemple of high-minded men. They are heinous of but little reflection, open to the impdlse and excitement of the moment ; and it depends, in a great measure upon their oflicers, whether, under a Lawrence, they shall ennoble themselves by |,enerous actions, or, under a Cockburn, be hurried away into scenes of unpremeditated atro- city. On returning to this country Captam Lawrence was received with great distinction and applause, and various public bodies conferred on him peculiar tokens of approbation. While absent, the rank of Post Captain had been conferred on him, and shortly afte^ bis return; he received a letter from the Secretary of the Navy, offering him the conimand of the frigate Constitution, pro- vided neither Captains Porter or Evans applied for it, they beuig older ofiicers. Captain Lawrence respectfully decl'.ncd this con- ditional appointment, for satiiifuctory reasons which he stated to the Secretary. Jt(c then received an unconditional appointment ii j HI >*ii w^ftr^^ym/mf^rmmirm* 29 nk with thirteen or 9 tliut nobljr perish- hter on boanl of the Rs found the body of ice wounded in the 'etal. His body was cabin to sink Tiith a sailor. * eigle, mounting fif- fo long nines, lay at prehensive that she rt, the utmost exer- ation for action, and preparation, but the :k. soners was such, as, srised the oflicers of berality and scrupu- ie whom the fortune I have won, by their ered by their valour, ted by the treatment t on their iiVrival at Igmcnt in the public &se, « they ceased to we omit to mention ie brave tars of the :k had lost all their lel, they made a sub- •plied each man with s. Such may rough hem the ek«mpleof little reflection, open ent ; and it depends, er, under a Lawrence, i actions, or, under a inpremeditated atrb* vrence was received irious public bodies tion. While absent, 1 on him, and shortly the Secretary of the ate Constitution, pro- lied for it, they being liy declined this con> i which he stated to iditional appointnient to that frignte, and directions to superintend the navy yard at New-York in the absence of Captain Ludk)w, The next day, to his great surprise and chagrin, ho received counter orders, with instructions to take command of the frigate Chesapeake, then lying at Boston, nearly ready for scu. This appointment was particularly disagreeable to him. He wot prejudiced against the Chesapeake, both from her being considered the worst ship in our navy, and from having been in a manner disgraced in the ttfikiir with the Leopard. This last circumstance hud acquired her the character of an unlucky ship— the worst of stigmas among sailors, who are devout believers in good and bad luck ; and so detrimental was it to this vessel, that it has been found diificult to recruit crews for her. The extreme repugnance that Captain Lawrence felt to thi» appointment induced him to write to the Secretary of the Navy, requesting to be continued in the command of the Hornet. Be« sides, it was his wish to remain some short time in port, and enjoy a little repose in the bosom of his family ; particularly a» his wife was in tliat delicate situation that most calls forth the tenderness and solicitude of an afiectionate husband. But tiiough he wrote four letters successively to the Secretary, he never received an answer, and was obliged reluctantly to acquiesce. While lying in Boston Roads, nearly ready for sea, the British frigate Shannon oppcared off the harbour, and made signals ex pressive of a challenge. The brave Lawrence immediateljr determined on accepting it, though conscious at the time of the Hjreat disparity between the two ships. The Shannon was a prime vessel, equipped in an extraonlinury manner, for the ex« press purpose of combatting advantageously one of our largest frigates. She had an unusually numerous crew of picked men, thoroughly disciplined and well officered. She was commanded by Captain Broke, one of the bravest and ablest officers in the service, who fought merely for reputation. On the other hand, the Chesapeake was an indifferent ship ; witli a crew, a great part of whom were newly recruited, and not brought into proper discipline.* They were strangers to their commander, who had not had time to produce that perfect sub- ordination, yet strong personal attachment, which he had the talent of creating wherever he commanded. His first Lieutenant was sick oU' shore ; the other officers, though meritorious were young men ; two of them mere acting Lieutenants ;' most of them re- * The m^ were recruited in the precedinf^p autumn, and were enlisted for two years. They bad generally been in the last five AJonths' cruise witli Captain Evans. A few onlv had been newly recruiied and the mon were as w«ll trained and disciplineu as it was possible for men to be on l>oaid a ship lyinp in port. Two acting lieutenants, 'Cdx and Ballard had been appointed to the ship after C»>)t«n Lawrence took couimand of her. Messrs. Ludlow and Budd were in tier during the previous cruise. liii! c^ntly appointed to the ship, and unacquainted with the ill^n. Those who are in the least informed in nautical affairs, must perceive the greatness of theite disadvantages. The most earnest endeavours were used bjr Commodore Bain- bridge and other gentlemen of nice honour and sound experience, to dissuade (Captain Lawrence from what was considered a rash and unnecessary exposure.* He felt and acknowledged the force of their reasons, but persisted in his deterntination. He was peculiarly situated i he had formerly challenged the Bonne Cit> oyenne, and should he decline a similar challenge, it might sub- ject him to sneers and misrepresentations. Ainong the other unfortuttate circumstances that attended this ill-starred battle, was the delay of a written challenge from Captain Broke, which did not arrive until after Captain Lawrence had sailed. It is stated to have been couched in the most frank and courteous language ; n^inutely detailing the force of his ship ; and offering, if the Chesapeake should not be completely prepared, to cruise off' and on until such time as she made a specified signal of being ready for the conflict. t— It is to be deeply regretted that Captain Lawrence did not receive this gallant challenge, as it would have ^ven him tim»^to put his ship in proper order, and spared hint the necessity of hurrying out in his unprepared condition, to so formal and momentous an encounter. After getting the ship under vny, he called the crew together, and having ordered the white flag to be hoisted, bearing the motto, ** Free trade and sailors' rights," he, according to custom, made them a short harangue. While he was speaking, several murmurs were heard, and stronp: symptoms of dissatisbction ap- peared in the manners and countenandes of the crew. After he had finished, a scoundrel Portuguese, who was boatswain's mete, and acted as spokesman to the murmurers, replied to Captain Lawrence in an insolent manner, complaining among other things, that they bad not been paid their prize money, which had been due fnr some time past.| The critical nature of the moment, and his ignorance of the dispositions and characters of his crew, would not allow Captain * Nothing can be wider from the truth than tbi< declaration. Nekber Captain Lawrence nor any of hia officers had any communication with the shore after the colours of the Shannon were displayed ; and Commodore Bainhn()ge has onall occasions, decidedly approvca the conduct of our fpil' liuit commander, and would have advised to his going out had he been con- sulted. But l^iwqsnce's gallantry anticipated any interference. f The character on this challense, may be more correctly leamt fsom the comments on the action, which talu>w lieutenant Oudd's letter, and are writ- ten by a gentleman having access to the most authentic infermation. #'The men did net murmur while Capt&in I^Awrence was addressing them. When he had finished, they did not cheer, but no direct reply was made. Discontent res|)ecting tl«e prize-money of the former cruise w»8, however, sufficiently obvious. ■ H I»> WJ i« —mm ited with the men. lulioal affair*, must f Commodore Bain- d touitd experience, It contiderisd a rash lowledged the force ntinatlon. He was g^d the bonno Cit- lenge, it might sub- A^nong the other is ill'Starred battle, iptain Broke, which had sailet!. It is ank and courteous ship; and offering, prepared, to cruise ciHed signal of being sgretted that Captain ige, as it would have der, and spared him ared condition, to so id the crew together, hoisted, bearing the according to custom, nras speaking, seTeral I of diBsatisbcdon ap< the crew. After he r«8 boatswain** mate, ■s, replied to Captain V among other thmgt, •ney, which had been hi» i((norance of the iild not allow Captain li* declaration. Neither ' oommunicstion with the played i and Commodore A the conduct of our gal- ling out had he been con- interfercncc. correctly kamt from tlie udd's letter, and are writ- lentic information, nee vn» addressing them. > direct reply was made, icr crube V9», however, Lawrence to notice such dastardly and mutinous conduct in the manner it deserved. — He dared not thwurt the humours of men, over whose affections he hud not hud time to acquire any influence, and therefore ordered the purser to take them below and Kive them ciiccks for their prize money, which was uccor- dinRljrdone. We dwell on these particulars to show t!»e disastrous and tils- hcurtening circumstunccs tmder which Captaih Lawrence wont forth to this battle— circuinstances which shook even his calm and manly breast, and filled him with a despondency unusual to his nature.* Justice to the memory of this invaluable oftker, re- quires that the disadvantajjos under whicli ho fought should bo made public.f It was on the morning of the first of Juno that the Chesapeake put to sea. The Shannon on seeing her come out, bore awuy, and the other followed. At 4 P.M. the Chesapeake haled upand fired a|;un ; the Shannon then hove to. The vessels manoeuvred in awful silence, until within pistol shot, when the Shannon opened her file, and Inith vessels almost at the same moment poured forth tremendous broadsides. The execution in both ships WvJi terrible, but the fire of thfr Shannon was pcculiariy fatal, not only making great slaughter among the men, but cutting down some of the most valuable officeis. The very first shot killed Mr. White, Sailing master of the Chesapeake, an excellent officer, whose loss at such a moment was disastrous in the extreme. The fourth Lieutenant, Mr. Ballard, received also a mortal wound in this broadside, and at the same moment Captain Lawrence was shot through the leg with a musket ball ; he however supported himself on the companion way, and continued to give his orders with his usual coolness. About three broadsides were exchanged, which, from the closeness of the ships, were dreadfully destruct- ive._The Chesapeake had three men shot from her helm sue cessively,each taking it as the other fell ; this of course produced irregularity in the steering, and the consequence was, that her anchor caught in one of the Shannon's after ports, t She was thus in a position where her guns could not be bniught to bear upon the enemy, while the latter was enabled to fire raking shots from her foremost guns, which swept the upper decks of the Chesa- peake, killing or wounding the greater portion of the men. A • He vas cheerful and tranquil, unmoved and undisturbed, during tl.* whole of the day » and went into battle with perfect coobicas, and with great •onfidence of success. t Th^paftieularsof this action are chiefly given from a conversation with one of the officers of the Chesapeake j ami we believe may be relied on u authentic Ma. Ibvihb. ♦ The difficulty in steering the ship was much more occasioned by the fore-sails being dSsablcd, on which account she would not feel her helm, than by the loss ot the hehnsmcn. ■ 4 , •■ 99 hand grciimle wus ihrown on the quarter docki wK>'-h act fire to »ome mutkct cartridges, bul did no othei damr^e. In tliU state of Ciunage and exposuro i-'jout twenty of the Shannon's men seeing a favourable . pportunity for Ixwrding, without waiting for orders, jumped on the «;ccW of liicClicsupcukc* Captain Lawrence had scarce time to call ! 's l)oiirder8, when hn received a second and mortal wound from a musket ball, which lodged in his Intestines Lieutenant Cox, who con\manded the second division, rushed up at the call for the boarders, but came just in time to receive his fulling commander, lie was in the act of carrying him below, when Captain Broke, accompanied l>y his first Lieutenant, and followed by his regular boardeis, ni on board the Chesapeake. The brave Lawrence saw 'le . i- whelming danger ; his last words, as he was borne blcf-air.g fium the deck, were, " don't surrender the ship !" Samuel Livermorc, Esq. of Boston, who fron i->prsonal atu ii- ment to Captain Lawrence had acctmpan.ed ^ this cruise as chaplain, attempted to revenge his fall, n a.,o( at Captai i Broke, but missed him i the latter nut' • a cut at tils head whic'i Livcrmore warded oft", but In so doing received a sev! ro wound in the arm. The only officer thai mow remained on the upper deck was Lieutenant Ludlow, who was so entirely weakencil and disabled by repeatr J wounds, received early in the action, as to be incapable ol personal resistance.f The comparatively small number of nion, therefore, that survived on the upper decks, having no officer to head them, the British succeeded in securing complete possesrion, before those from below could get up. Lieutenant Budd, who had commanded the first dl .ision below, >)( 'ng informed of the danger, hastened up with some men, but ivas overpowercU by superior numbers and cut down immediately. Great embarrassment took place, in consequence of the officers bc.iig unacquainted with the crew. In one instance in particular, Lieutenant Cox, on mounting the deck, joined a party of the en- emy through mistake, and was made sensible of his error by their cutt'mg at him with their sabres. While this scene of havoc and contusion was going on above, Captidn Lawrence, who was laying in the wardroom, in excruciat- ing pain, hearing the firing cease, forgot the anguish of his wounds : having no officer near him, he ordered the Surgeon to hasten on deck and tell the officers to fight on to the last, and never to strike the colours ; adding, « they shall wave while I live." The fate of the battle however was decided. — Finding all • Commodore Broke leu Ui-^ i. iii '-wenty men who boardct ?' jm the Shannon. . f Lieutenant Ludlow, nen Captain uiwreace received o« fatiJ wound, wm incapaj.> ,.i command, having been previously wounded. When Captain Lawrence was taken below, Ludlow ruMied into the battle, uid was cut down sometime before Uie fight waa done. , I ■f>fc*«>-iim>'ii PMk I wK"-l. set fire to n'-ft-e. juut twenty o{ the unity for bourtling, oftlieClicsupcukc* Imtirders, when hn musket bull, which ho coniniunded the xmi'dcrfi, but came Ho WU8 in the ike, Bccontpanied l-v lur boardeis, (.p:nr<,'' rence saw 'le > .. i> borne bicr ' i g f, j|,^ •on iMTsonal ntu n- y this cruisr n siiOt at Capisi I It at liis head; vh\c\ ived a bev^rn wuuiid tained on the upper uirely weakencil and f in the action, us to comyiaratively small an the upper decks, ucceeded in securing telow could get up. I first di .-ision belovt, with some men, but ut down immediately, uence of the officers instance in particular, led a party of the en- sible of his error by was going on above, rdroom,in cxcruciat- the anguish of his dered the Surgeon to It on to the lastt and V shall wave while I lecided. — Finding all who boarde<( V. jjn the II > tAwrence received bit «n pKviouily wounded, r ruMicd into the baUle, [one. ■ m further resistance vain, aiu! > m«r»i|iMll*r'i'^, Lieutenant Lud- low gave up the ship ;• after whirh hts r«cel ' a subro wound in the head from one < f the S ,i crew, xrhich IrHclutcd his ikull and ultimately piuved moriul. He w << one of the most promising officers of his age in the service, In^'ily esteemed for liiit profcssiotiul talents, and beloved for the geno " r|uaUtic* '.hut adorned bin private character. Thus terminated one of the most remai ' ')le combnts on naval record. From the peculiar accidents that ended i(, lie battle was short, desperate and bloody. So lon({ s the can onading continued, the Chesapeake is said to have clc bud tht ndvant* a^^c ; and had the ships not run foul, it is pi .ilde she would have captured the Shannon.— .Though considirably dauMi^cd in her upper works, and pierced with some shot-holes in her hull, yet she hud sustained no injury to affect her safety ; ^^^-herca^ lie Shannon hud received several shots between wind uik >vatei . imd, ri iscfiucntly, could not have sustained the action iig. Tho havoc on both sides was dreadful ; but to the singular circum* stance of having every officer on the upper deck cithc r I lied or wounded, early in tho action, may chiefly be attributes« sible to prevent. They are the inevitable incidents of war, id should never bo held up to provoke national abhorrence or rcta, a* tion. Indeed, they are so liable to be misrepresented by partial & d distorted accounts, that very little faith is ever to be placed in thet' >. Such, for instance, is the report, that the enemy discharged sc • eral muskets into the cockpit after the ship had been given U| . This, in fact, was provoked by the wanton act of a boy below, wh ) shot down the sentinel stationed at the gangway, and thus produ- ced a momentary exasperation, and an alarm that our men were ris- ing. It should be recollected, likewise, that our flag was not struck, but was haled down by the enemy ; consequently, the surrender of the ship was not immediately known throughout, Md the struggle continued in various places, before the proper orders could be communicated. It js wearisome and disgusting to observe the war of slander kept up by the little minds of both countries, wherein every paltry misdeed of a paltry individual is insidiously trumpeted forth as a stigma on the respective nations. • The stiip was never surrendered. There was no act of submission on uur part, other Uiaii being oveq)owered by aupeiior force. immm0m^mm>'''m9wm 28 By these means are engendered lasting roots of bitterness, that give an implacable spirit to the actual hostility of the times, and will remain after the present strife shall have passed away. As the nations must inevitably, and at no very distant period, come once more together in the relations of amity and commerce, it is to be wished that as little private animosity may be encouraged as possible ; so that though we may contend for rights and inter- ests, we may never cease to esteem and respect each other. The two ships presented dismal spectacles after the battle. Crowded with the wounded and the dying, they resembled float- ing hospitals sending forth groans at every roll. The brave Broke lay delirious from a wound in the head which he is said to have received, while endeavouring to prevent the slaughter of some of our men who had surrendered. In his rational inter- vals he always spoke in the highest terms of the courage and skill of Lawrence, and of " the gallant and masterly style" in which he brought the Chesapeake into action.* The wounds of captain Lawrence rendered it impossible to re- move him after the battle, and his cabin being very much sli »t- tcred, he remained in the ward room. Here he lay, attended by his own surgeon, and sufrounded by his brave and sufTei ing offi- cers. He made no comment on the battle, nor indeed was heard to utter a word, except to make such simple requests as his ne- cessities required. In this way he lingered through four days in extreme bodily pain, and the silent melancholy of a proud and noble heart, and then expired. His body was wrapped in the colours of his ship and laid on the quarter deck of the Chesa- peake, to be conveyed to Halifax for interment. At the time of his death he was but thirty-two years of age, nearly sixteen of which he had honourably expended in the ser- vice of his country. He was a disciplinarian of the highest order, producing perfect obedience and subordination without severity. His men became zealously devoted to him, and ready to do, through affection, what severity would never have compelled. He was scrupulously correct in his principles, deliomte in his sense of honour ; and to his extreme jealousy of repuUtion he fell a victim, in daring an ill-matched encounter, which prudence would have justified him in declining. In battle, where his lofty ^ and Commanding person made him conspicuous, the calm coUect- • Broke was wounded soon «fter boardin)^ by one of our men, and ioroc minutes before the sliip was carried ; but it is due to this gallant Irishman to state, that when he perceived the victory was won, while stretched upon the deck and weUering in his blood, he issued his orders to abstain from further carnage, which were but ill obeyed. He was soon delirious, and no officer from Halifax lias mentioned any observation of his relative to the bat- tie. It was liowever genemlly agreed at Halifax, that the Chesapeake was led most gallantly into action, and skilfully and desperately fought, as long RS Lawrence commanded. '■II ■ >\; I [» p»rwti>»-- ■ y nm i' li| ii t ii . » w- '|' 29 s of bitterness, that ty of the times, and e passed away. As slant period, come and commerce, it is may be encouraged for rights and inter- pect each other. les after the battle. they resembled float- ry roll. The brave d which he is said to MU the slaughter of In his rational inter- of the courage and d masterly style" in )n.* ed it impossible to re- >eing very much slrU- re he lay, attended hy ave and suffering offi- nor indeed was lieard )Ie requests as his ne- [id through four days uicholy of a proud and 1/ was wrapped in the :r deck of the Chesa- mcnt. »irty-two years of age, y expended in the ser- in of the highest order, lation without severity. Iihn, and ready to do, lever have compelled, iciples, delicate in his lousy of reputation be unter, which prudence I battle, where his lofty cuous, the calm collect- one of our men, and (one ue to this gallant IrishniMi won, while stretched upon his orders to abstain from was soon delirious, and no in of his relative to the bat- , that the Chesapeake was iespcratcly fought, as long ed courage, and elevated tranquility which he maintained in the midst of peril, imparted a confidence to every bosom. In the hour of victory he was moderate and unassumii^g ; towards the vanquished he was gentle, generous, and humane But it is on the amiable qualities that adorned his private chuructcr, that his friends will hang with the fondest rcmenibt-ance-^that bland philanlhropy that emanated from every look, that breathed forth in every accent, that gave a grace to every action. His was a general benevolence, that, like a lannbcnt flame, shed its cheering rays throughout the sphere of his influence, warming and glad- dening every heart, and lighting up every countenance into smiles. But there is one little circle on whose sacred sorrows even the eye of sympathy dares not intrude. His brother being dead, he was the last male branch of a family wha looked up to him as its ornament and pride. His fraternal tenderness was the prop and consolation of two widowed sisters, and in him their helpless offspring found a father. He left, also, a wife and two young children to whom he was fervently attached. I he critical situation of the former was one of those cares which preyed upon his mind at the time he went forth tu battle. The utmost pre- cautions have been ttken by her relatives to keep from her the knowledge of her husband's fute ; their anxiety has been reliev- ed by the birih of a son, who, we trust, will inherit the virtues, and emulate the actions of his father. The unfortunate mother is now slowly recovering from a long and dangerous confinement ; but has yet tu learn the heart-rending intelligence, that the in&nt in her arms is fatherless. There is a touching pathos about the d^ath of this estimable officer, that endears him more to us than if he had been success- ful. The prosperous conqueror is an object of admiration, but in some measure of envy ; whatev'jr gratitude we feel for his services, we are apt to think them repaid by the plaudits he enjoys. But he who falls a martyr to his country's cause, excites the fulness of public sympathy. Envy cannot repine at laurels so dearly purchased, and gratitude feels that he is beyond the reach of its rewards. The last sad scene of his life hallows his memory ; it remains sacred by misfortune, and honoured not by acclamations, but by the tears of his countrymen. The idea of Lawrence, cut down in the prime of his days, stretched upon his deck, wrapped in the flag of his country — that flag which ho .had contributed to ennoble, and had died to defend — is a picture that will remain treasured up in the dearest recollections of every American. His will form one of those talismanic names, which every nation preserves as watchwords for patriotism nnd valour. Deeply , therefore, as every bosom must lament the fall of so gal- lant and amiable an officer, there are some reflections consoling tn the pride of friendship, and which may sooth, though they cannot prevent the bitter tear of aflection. H9 fell before his flag was so struck. liis fall was the cause, not the consequence of defeat. He fell covered with glory, in the flower of his days, in the per- fection of mentul and personal endowment, and the freshness of reputation, thus leaving in every mind the full and perfect image of a hero. However we may deplore the stroke of death, his visits are occasionally well-timed for his victim : he sets a seal upon the fame of the illustrious, fixing it beyond the reacli of accident or change. And where is the son of honour, panting for distinction, who would not rather, like Lawrence, be snatched away in the brightness of youth and glory, than dwindle down to what is termed a good old age, wear his reputation to shreds, and leave behind him nothing but the remembrauce of decrepi- tude and imbecility. With the feelings that s\Tell our hearts, do we notice the hon- ours paid to the brave Lawrence at Halifax. When the ships arrived in port, a generous concern was expressed for his fate. The recollection of his humanity towards the crew of the Pea- cock, was still fresh in every mind. His funeral obsequies were celebrated with appropriate ceremonials, and an affecUng solem- nity. His pall was supported by the oldest captains in the Brit- ish service thi>.t were in Halifax ; and the naval officers crowded to yield the last sad honours to a man who was late their foe, but now their foe no longer. There is a sympathy between gallant souls that knows no distinction of clime or nation. They honour in each other what they feel proud of in themselves. The group that gathered round the grave of Lawrence, presented a scene worthy of the heroic days of chivalry. It was a crmplete triumph of the nobler feelings over the savage passions of war. We know not where most to bestow our admiration— on the living who showed such generous sensibility to departed virtue, or on the dead, in being worthy of such obsequies from such spirits. It is by deeds like these, that we really feel ourselves subdued. The conflict of arms is ferocious, and triumph does but engender more deadly hostility ; but the contest of magnanimity calls forth the feelings, and the conquest is over the affections. We hope that in such a contest we may never be outdone ; but that the present unhappy war, may be continually softened and adorned by similar acts of courtesy and kindness on either pait, thus sowing among present hostilities the quickening seeds of future friendship. As to the event of this battle, deeply as we mourn the loss of so many valuable lives, wc feci no further cause of lamentation. Brilliant as the victory undoubtedly was to the conquerors, our nation lost nothing of honour in the conflict. The ship was gallantly and bloodily defended to the last, and was lost, not through want of good conduct or determined bravery, but from the unavoidable chances of battle." It was a v ictory, >> over which * In tlus we speak of the loyal, and re.illy Americin part of the crew. Wc have, it is Uue, been told of tieachcious conduct among the murmurei*, ■ «i w i »mi m ,n »n n i i aii i ni l , !■» I4IIII i|iiiOT*nnfa t^femrtmym' equencc of defeat, is (lays, in tlie per- nd the freshness of and perfect ima(;e ktroke of death, his :im : he sets a seal eyond the reacli of of honour, panting vrence, be snatched than dwindle down eputation to shreds, nbrauce of decrcpi* wc notice the lion> . When the ships tressed for his fate. le crew of the Pea- eral obsequies were an affecting solem- captains in the Brit- val officers crowded as late their foe, but ithy between gallant ition. They honour iselves. The group B, presented a scene t acrmplete triumph ssions of war. We fttion — on the living eparted virtue, or on !s from such spirits. 1 ourselves sulxiued. )h does but engender gnanimity calls forth Sections. We hope tdone ; but that the oftened and adorned her jpatt, thus sowing s of future friendship, ve mourn the loss of luse of lamentation, the conquerors, our ict. The ship was , and was lost, not sd bravery, but from ictory, '< over which ricin part of the crew, among the murmui'erst 31 the conqueror mourned — so many suffered." We will not enter into any mechanical measurment of feet and inches, or any nice calculation of force ; whether she had a dozen men more or less, or were able to throw a few pounds more or less of bull, than her adversary, by way of accounting for her defeat ; we leave to nicer calculators to balance skill and courage against timber and old iron, and mele our victories by the square and the steelyard. The question of naval superiority, about which so much useless anxiety has been manifested of late, and which we fear will cause a vast deal of strife and ill blood before it is put to rest, was in our opinion settled long since, in the course of the five preceding battles. From a general examination of these battles, it appears clearly to us, that under equal circumstances of force and preparation, the nations are equal on the ocean ; and the result of any contest, between well-matched ships, would depend entirely on accident. This, without any charge of vanity, we may certainly claim : the British, in justice and candour, must admit as much, and it would be arrogant in us to insist on any thing more. Our officers have hitherto been fighting under superior excite* ment to the British. They have been eager to establish a name, and from their limited number, each has felt as if individually re- sponsible for the reputation of the navy. Besides, the haughty superiority with which they have at various times been treated by the enemy, had stung the feelings of the officers, and even touched the rough pride of the common sailors. They have spared no pains, therefore, to prepare for contest with so formida- ble a Cm, and have fought with the united advantages of discipline and enthusiasm. An equal excitement is now felt by the British. Galled by our successes, they begin to find that we are an enemy that calls for all their skill and circumspection. They have therefore re- sorted to a strictnebs of discipline and to excessive precautions and preparations that had been neijlected in their navy, and which no other modern foe has been able to compel. Thus circum- stanced, every future contest must be bloody and precarious. The question of superiority, if such an idle question is still kept up, will in all probability be shifting with the result of different battles, as eitb'.ir side has superior advanugcs or superior good fortune. For our part, we conceive that the great purpose of our navy is accomplished. It was not to be expected that with so incon- » number of whom, he«ded by the dastardly Portiigueie boatawain'i mate are said to have descried tlieir commander at the moment of most need. As this matter will come under the scrutiny of the proper tribunal, we pass it over without further notice. If estabtislied, it will form another of thebale- ful disadvanta^s under which this battle was fought, and may serve to show the policy of admitting the leaven of foreign vagabonds among our own sonud- hearted sailors.— Ms. laviNi. fW' 32 ■Iderable a force, we should make any impression on British power, or materially affect Britisli commerce. We fought, not to take their ships and plunder their wealth, but to pluck some of their laurels, wherewith to grace our own brows, n this wo have succeeded ; and thus the great mischief that our little navy was capable of doing to Great Britain, in showing that her mar- itime power was" vulnerable, has been effected, and is irretneva- The British may now swarm on our coasts— they may infest our rivers and our bays~they may destroy our ships— they may bum our docks and our ports— they may anmhilate every gallant tar that fights beneath our flag— they may wreak every vengeance on our marine, that their overwhelming force enab es them to accomplish— and after all, what have they effected ? redeenaed the preeminence of their flag ? destroyed the naval power of this country ?— flO such thing. ., r They must first obliterate from the tablets of our memories, that deep traced recollection, that we have repeatedly met them with equal force and conquered. In that inspiring idea, which is beyond the reach of mortal hand, exists the germ of/ut«rc navies, future power, and future conquest. WhatisournavyJ A handful of frieates; let them be destroyed ; our forests can produce hun- dreds such. Should our docks be laid in ruins, we can rebuild them— should our gallant band of tars be annihilated, thanks to the viporous population of our country, we can funus.* thousands and thousands of such ; but so long as exists the moral certainty that we have within us the spirit, the abiliues and the means ot attaining naval glory, so long the enemy, in wreakmg tBeir re- sentment on our present force, do but bite the stone which has been hurled at them— the hand that hurled it remains unmjured. FLAG OF TRUCE. FROM the high grounds of Salem, the inhabitants of that place had a distant view of the engagement between the English and American frigates. The interest created by the spectacle did not subside with its termination, but was protracted and aucmented after the fate of the gallant Lawrence was known, by the project conceivet' by one of the distinguished ciUzens ot that town, of rcstorbg the remains of the lamented hero to his native land. ' ... • ^ The citizen who originated this patriotic enterprise was Cap- tain George Crowninshield, jun. of Salem, whose energy ot character and liberality of sentiment have been frequently and cwiapicuously displayed. '*,V uri ii ain l ' • '* » i i l i m i m i - ■^.■W» r .. 33 Ipression on British le. We fought, not J, but to pluck some brows. In this wc if that our little nuvy lowing that her tnar- |ted, and is irretricva- sts — ^they may infest our ships — they may nihilate every gallant reak every vengeance }rce enables them to eflected ? redeemed le naval power of this ets of our memories, repeatedly met them inspiring idea, which germ of future navies, mrnavy,' A handful of 9ts can produce hun- ruins, we can rebuild annihilated, thaDks to can furnish thousiuids ts the moral certainty ties and the means of in wreaking tHeir re- the stone which has it remains uninjured. From such a man it might have been expected that while ethers thought only of lamenting the untimely fate of Lawrence and his brave companions, he should have manifested his res- pect and attachment to the illustrious dead, by a spontaneous offer to bring them at his own charge from a distant and hostile shore to the land of their fathers. Such a citizen was worthf to be the bearer of those remains which were once inspired by souls of congenial disinterestedness and heroism. In pursuance of this honourable intention, Captain Crownm- shield addressed an application to the Government of the United States, for permission to execute his design, under the sanction of a flag of truce, and the following correspondence was the consequence. Sir, Mivy Yard, Charleatown, (Matt. J 26M June, 1813. Mr. George Crowninshield, Jr. of Salem, has expressed the desire to go himself to Halifax, and remove from thence, at his own expense, if permitted, the body of the gallant Captain Law- rence, to some part of the United States. Mr. Crowninshield has accordingly applied for a passport for that purpose, and has requested me to strengthen his application, by writing to you on the subject. I feel confident. Sir, tbaf it is only necessary to make you acqutdnted with his intention, so honorable to himself, and so grateml to his country, to command your influence in favour of the application. I have the holior to be, &c. Sec. (Signed) WILLIAM BAINBRIDGE. HoH. William Jonbs, Secretary qf ? the JVavy, City Wathington. 5 E. t inhabitants of thai between the English ited by the spect)|u:le was protracted and .awrence was known, linguished citizens of lamented hero to his enterprise was Cap- n, whose energy of been frequently and Sib, J^avy Department, July 10, 1813. In answer to your letter of the 2Cth of last month, I have to state, that I have heai-d nothing more of Mr. Crowninshield's ap|riic«tion, but have spoken to the Secretary of State, who will, with pleasure, instantly grant tlie cartel ; and, for myself, every thing that can contribute to honor the memory and the manes of our gallant countryman, the lamented Lawrence, wiU be to me a source of real gratification. I am, very respectfully, your' obedient servant, (Signed) Y/ILLIAM JONES. Commodore William JBainbridob, United Statet Mivy, Charlettown, (Matt.) Salem^July 19, 1813. I HAVtt Heen copies of letter* which have passed be- tween yourself and Commodore William Bainbndge, relative to my application for permission to proceed to Halifax for the body of thj late gallant Captain Lawrence, and any other officer if it is wished, and have now to request of the fiovemment, a cartel, to proceed there for that purpose, and to return to Salem or Boston, at my own expense. , ^ „ r The brig in which I shall proceed is named the Henry, of Salem, about one hundred and twrnty tons burthen, myself mas- ter, and to be navigated by the following gentlemen, all masters of vessels, who have volunteered for that pui-pose, viz. George Crowninshield, Jr. master, Holton J. Breed, first officer, Samuel Briggs, second officer, John Sinclair, Jcduthan Upton, Stephen Burchmore, Joseph L. Lee, Thomas Bowditch, Benjamin Upton, Thomdike Procter, Mark Messurvey, cook, and Nathaniel Cum- mings, steward. I have given their names, so that if it be ne- cessary to insert them in the papers, it may be done. The passport, if granted, is requested so soon as the Govern- ment can make it convenient, on account of the season of the year. . , , ^ Would it be improper. Sir, to have a special letter to our agent in Hali&x, that he may render any assistonce which may be necessary, or any other which you may think more advan- tageous ? I have the honor to be your obedient servant, (Signed) GEORGE CROWNINSHIELD, Jr. Hon. William Jones, Secretary qf ? the Mivyt City Waahington. 5 Jifavy Defiartment, July 38, 1813. SlE, In compliance with your request of the 19th instant, I have the pleasure to enclose the passport and letter from the Secre- tary of State which you desired, and to express my high sense of the patriotic and honourable motives by which yourself ami companions are actuated. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, (Signed) WILLIAM JONES. Geobob Crowninshield, Ja. Esq.? . Salem, Massachusetts. 5 ^ .M^ \,July 19, 1813. h have passed be> bndg^, relative (u alifax for the body 17 ether officer if it ovemment, a cartel, return to Salem or uned the Henry, of iithen, myself mat- tlemen, all masters ii-pose, viz. George first officer, Samuel lan Upton, Stephen h, Benjamin Upton, ind Nathaniel Cum* so that if it be ne> be done. soon as the Govern* >f the season of the ipecial letter to our Bsistance which may f think more adran- rvant, SflNSHIELD, Jr. wt^i w^ ^w— iww^p»^'^*"F'T«w>seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirteen, and in the thirty-eighth year of American independence. (Signed) JAMES MONROE. n/, Jultf 38, 18 IS. i 19th instant, I hare tter from the Secre- ;>resH my high sense which yourself and Qt servant, LLIAM JONES. THE brig Henry with Captain Crowninshie'.d and bis as- sociates on board, on the 7th day of August, 1813, sailed from Salem to Halifax with a flag of truce. She arrived at Halifax on the 1 0th day of the same month, where she was treated politely, although no person on board, except Captain Crowninshield, was suffered to land and pro- ceed to the town. After a detention of a few days, she accom- plished the object of her voyage, and sailed from Halifax on the 13th for Salem, with the remains of Captain Lawrence and Lieutenant Ludio^? on board. Cerlj/teate ^Ihe Agents at Halifax. 1 BO hereby certify that the Henry, Flag of Truce, is suflfcrcd to depart from the port of Halifax, by the express order of Rear Admiral Griffiths, commander in chief at Halifax, and also with the consent of the Lieutenant General co.-.manding the forces, to tokc on board the bodies of the late Capiam Lawrence and Lieutenant Ludlow. ....,,,.« (Signed) WILLIAM MILLER, ^ ^ ^ Jgent for Priaonen <\f War. 4ugiuit 13ih, 1 A.M. On board the Henry off York redoubt. Cofiy ttfa letter from Ca/i.Crowmtu/iield to theSeeretary qfthtNavy. Salem,, Augiut 19,1813. Sir, I have to inform you, I received the necessary docu- ments and papers to enable me to proceed b the brig fliwry, with my comrades to Halifax^ after the bodies of the late gallant Capt. Lawrrncb and his lieutenant, Ludlow. I have per- formed the service, and obtaicted through the assistance of Mr. MiTCHKL, our agent tliere, the remains of both the officers above named ; and ! must add, received proper attention from the commanding officers of the British Government. The relatives of Captain Lawrbmce have requested that his remuns, ultimately might rwr in Aiw- Tor*, but that funeral honours might be paid here, and accordingly the ceremonies vill take place on Monday next, at Salem. Com. Bainbridoe has been consulted on the occasion, I remain with high respect and esteem, your obedient servant, (Signed) GEORGE GROWNINSHIELD, Jr. Hon. William Jones, ? Secretary ^f the JVbvy.S PREVIOUSLY to the swling of the brig Henry from Salem, Captain Crowninshield had signified to a number of the citi- zens of that town, the object of his proposed voyage to Halifax, requesting that preparations might be made to receive, with due honors and respect, the remains of the Naval Heroes at his re- turn. Immediately after the sailing of the Henry, a meeting of a number of the citizens of Salem was held, at which meeting, the Hon. B. W. Crowninshield, Heniy Piince, Joseph White, iun. Thomas Whittredgc, Joseph Ropes, John W. Treadwell, Stephen While, and Jeremiali Brigga, Esquires, were chosen a 'alifax. of Truce, is sufffcrcd ixprcBS order of Rear lalifax, and alao with ..iTianding the forces, :aptain Lawrence and XER, Priaonera qf War. redoubt. t Secretary qfthe^favy. myAuguat 19, 1813. i the necessary docu- ud in the brig flwiry, dies of the late gallant uoLow. I have per- the assistance of Mr. ■ of both the officers proper attention from avemment. ave requested that his 'orky but that funeral dingly the ceremonies . Com. Baimbridoe main with high respect ^NINSHIELD, Jr. irig Henry from Salem, a number of the citi- )sed voyage to Halifax, ide to receive, with due >Javal Heroes at his re- lie Henry, a meeting of leld, at which meeting, Pi'ince, Joseph White, s, John W. TreadwelJ, squircsi were chosen a Marshal of the District va^ his Deputies. Vice-Prebident of the United States. Members of Congress. Judges and other Civil Oflicers of tlie United Sutcs. Officers of the Army of the United States/ Ministers and Consuls of Foreign Powers. * Committee of Arrangements. Hon. Joseph Story and the officiating Clergymen (in a car^-iage.) Members of the State. Legislature. Civil Officers of the State. Military Officers of the State, in Uniform. Principal Municipal Qfficers of the to\vn. Salem Marine Society. East-India Marine Society. President, Directors and officers of the respective Banks. President, Directors and Officers of the respective Insurance Offices. Citizens in general. The procession then moved to slow' and solemn music, escorted by the ipmpany of Light Infantry, under Captaijii. C. Ring, through the principal streets, to the Rev. Mr. SpaulOng s meeting-house. The procession was such, in point of respect- ability and numbers, as was never before witnessed in Salem. It was distinguished by the presence of his Excellency the Vice. Preudent of the United States, escorted by the Marshal of the Diatrict and his deputies, with their insignia of office ; Major General Dearborn, Brigadier General T. H. Cushing.and other distinguished officers of high rank in the arniy of the United States ; Commodore Bainbridge, and other officers of the navy of distinction ; Judges of the United States, and other civil offi- cers of distinction ; the Hon. William Gray, late Lieatcuant Governor of this Commonweahh ; the Hon. Samuel Dexter ; ii great number of Military Offi^cets of the State in uniform ; Ma- rine Societies wearing their bad^^cs of distinction ; Masonic Societies; and an immense concourse of respectable private citizens from the adjacent towns av.d couiiliy. Independent of the procesuon, the side walks and houses lo their very lops, were covered with spectators, which, together with the melan- choly knell of the bells, the mouniful sound of the music, the distant peal of cannon^ and the slow and solemn pace of the ■sesssssssssxm ^.«». r 40 procesBion, gave to the whole an intereat of which it would be Yain to attempt a description. On arriving at the meeting' houte, the corpses were taken Trom the funeral cars, and placed in the centre or the church, by the seamen who rowed them to the shore, and who stood during the whole of the performance, leaning upon them in an attitude of mourning. The church was most tastefully hung with sable, cypress and evergreen. The names of « Lawbenc*" and " Ludlow" appeared m let- ters of gold, encircled by festoons of evergreen, immediately on the front of the desk. The rites of sepulture were performed with great solemnity, and the music was good and a|>propriBte. After the performances were concluded in the meeting-house, the faithful seamen conveyed the remains into the quiet tomb, and the Masonic Societies and Military corps paid the last ritual homrge to the immorul Lawabmok and Ludlow.* i * The loan of the North Meeting-house liaving been solicited and refused, the tbUowing request and uwwer are pvluihed. ' tVlsdneiidagiWh^uguH, 1813. OKTLCMaN, Thb necessary preparations for the Funeral of the late eallant and lamented Capt James Lawrence wl]< be completed, after a suiuble Meeting- house, for the perfoiinr^e of the funeral aolemnitiea, shall have been oL- tained. Aa Doct . Bernard's Meeting-huusc has manv advantages over ever^ otbs^B town, particularly on itccount of its size snd the fine orgsn which it condBh «e beg leavt *•>' request of you the loan of tW same for the above ^""^Tsigned) D. W. CBOWNINSHIELD, Chairman of Committee ^ Arrangtmtnti. MsssRS. Samubi. IIolman, Elijah SAVMsaaioir, GiDBON TUOKBR. Samuel Putnam, C«»'WM««« <^the Preprietwi ef Jtr.Samarir* Meetinj^muie. MitsKi. Edwarb Browni JoHH D. Trbadwbll, JOSBPH AnDRBWa, Salem, Attguit 19, 1813. Sir Thb Committee of the Proprietors of the North Meeting House, in Salem, have received your note requesting the loan of the House for the performance of tlie funeral solemnities of the late Captain Lawrence, and reply, that they have no authority " to open the House for any other pur- pose than pubhc worship." (Signed) SAMUEL HOLMAN, Chairman of the Proprietor*' Committte. Hon. B. W. Crowninshibld, Chairman of the "% Commiltte of Arrangementtfor the funeral af^^ ' (Ae late Captain Laivrence. > * 6t **'. •"HI Liit^wi M»». fV' of which it would be iring at the meeting, ineral cars, and placed irho rowed them to the of the performance, uming. The church preu and everereen. low" appeared m let- {reen, immediately on Iture were performed good and appropriate. in the meeting-house, I into the quiet tomb, rps paid the last ritual Ludlow.* *♦ -"••» .*■*» AN EULOGY, PRONOUNCED .--.'■_-• AT SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS, — t ,',V.i ©N MONDAY THE TWENTY-THIRD DAV OF AUGUST, 1813. been toUdted and refused, r, 18M ^ugu»u 1813. !nJ of the late eallant and d, after a suitable Meeting- nities. shall have been oL- lanv advantages over ever^ ma the fine organ which it of tMI same for the above INSHIBU), tmmiUet ^ Arrangtnunts. Edward Browni JOHH D. TaSADWELt., JOIBFH AmdEEWS, feeting-houu, Salem, Augmt 19, 1813. North Meeting House, in loan of the House for the tte Captain Lawrence, and House for any other pur- r. Propritfrt* Commute. ON THE REINTERMENT OP THE BODIES Of CAPTAIN JAMES LAWBENCB> AND LIEUTENANT AUGUSTUS C. LUDLOW, LATE or THE AMERICAN FRIGATE CHESAPEAKE. Bt JOSEPH STORY. SUlwh, August '^Mi, 181X SiBt I RAVE the honour to communictte to you the thanki of the Committee of Amuigementi, fbr tile Culefrium pranounced by you over the remaiiu of tlMMC lun^nted heroes, Capt. Jambs LAwmeiioB and Lieut. Au' ovsTvi C. Luptow. on Monday last, and respectfulUt request a copy of tbe same for the press. I am. Sir, VTitl) much esteem, Tour obedi^ serrant, B. W. CBOWMINSnlELDb Chairman, Am* ytiepk Sttrj, E»q. Avousf S(Hh,1313. Bill I HAVE the honour to acknowledge your favour of this same date. It Is well known to tbe Committee of Arrangements, diat the Eukigy, pronounced on Monday last, was written under the pressure of extreme ill health. ai^4<#«l«fpi»tf«Yn^ Ml ifven^pabv Wi|b this a|»k>gy for iu imperfectians, 1 submit it cheerfully to your disposal. Itt errors will be readi'y pardoned 6y those, who know how diflScult it is to praise the dead, when the pnbCe (tedhgs have already pronounced the most emphatic Eu- thsiwtiys heneur to b«. With great respect, ¥ottr very obeditet servsnt, jossni STOUT. Tkt Ksti. Bayamin tV. Croaniiukitld, 7 j0000^ ■W"!" '*» EULOGY. August WMi, 1813. mi the thanki cf th* unced by you over the imcB and Lieut. Au- 11% requeat a copy of inlELJ^ Chairman, kvouif 36(h,l313. , ir favour of tbit aame mnta, fhatthe Eulogyi jveasure of extreme iU Vi|h tWa a^logy for aal. la errora will be I is to praiae the dead, lie moat emphatic Eu- rant, JOSEPH STQHT. Welcome to their native 8hote« be the remains of our departed heroes^Thanlu to individual munifi- cence and patriotism— they sleep not in a foreign soil, where the sighs of strangers alope would moan over their grave. They shall repose In the bosom of the country, whic^i they loved, and In whose ser- vice they fought, and gloriously bled. Their feflow countrymen shall turn with a fond and holy rever- ence to the place of thcif sepulture— and when time shall abate the anguish of unutterable sorrow, they shall delight to point to the young and the old, to ^he warrior and to the statesman, the example of those who never caused a sigh from their country, but at their death. The pride of a nation is never more honourably employed than in eeiebratin,^ the funeral obseqme. of its benefactors. The applause that waits on th. great and the successful, while Uving, may delude tmmomm »M»i m, i the young and the ambitious ; but the public feelings which consecrate the dead afe the spontaneous burst of public gratitude j and inspire the most pure and elevated virtue. What your own feeUngs are on this occasion, I pretend not to describe. The funeral pomp that swells the melancholy grandeur of this procession-- the religious awe that pervades this crowded assem- bly— the emblems of death, that shroud these dark- ened walls, aud "let fall a suppynumerary horror*'-; all, all, declare your hallowed sympathy in language which no eloquence can equal, and no tongue can repeat. In times like these, the tido of human feel-- ings overwhelms the soul ; and leaves nothing for the workings of sorrow, which the imagination has not already seized and jembodied. In breaking the silence of your meditations, I feej how illy it would become me, under any circumstan- ces, to pronounce a studied panegyric— Feeble as I now am, 1 shall with all simplicity attempt but a rapid sketch of these lamented heroes, and leave your own hearts to give the finbhing touches to the pic- ture. . The honour of the birth of papt. Lawrence be- longs to the state of New-Jersey. He was born at l^urlington, on the first of October, 1781 ; and was the youngest son of a highly respectable counsellor "mmm ■MMlM ■mnnvi^^pn mblic feeliogf Intaneotts burst loat pure and is occasion^ I ral pomp that 8 procession-— rowded assem- ud these dark- rary horror" — ; thy in language no tongue can of human feel-* es nothing for imagination has »ditations, I fee| liny circumstan- B. — Feeble as I attempt but a if and leave your bes to the pic- Lawr^nce be- le was born at 781 ; and was lible counsellor 45 of his native state. By the death of his mother, the care and nurture of his infant years devolved on his excellent sisters, to whom on every occasion he tes- tified the warmest fraternal affection. After receiv- ing the rudiments of a good education, he entered the office of his brother, as a student at law ; and his friends indulged the fond expectation, that he would soon attain the highest honours of the profes- sion. But the ardour and enthusiasm of young Law- rence could illy brook the intricate mazes of tech- nical learning. He panted for other scenes — for the toils, and the perils, and the adventures of the sens — for the enterprises and the fame of those, WhoM march is on the mountain wave, Whose home is on the deep. After many an ineffectual effort to reconcile himself to tiie cold and cheerless formalities of jurispru- dence, I learned from his own lips, that he drew a reluctant consent from his family to his abandon- ment of the study ; and with a glowing heart, he sought and obtained a midshipman's station in our then infant navy. In this situation, by his diligence and activity, he soon acquired the esteem and respeet of all atound him ; and gave the most happy presa- ges of future excellence. On the breaking out of the Tripolitan war^ he was advanced to a lieutenancy, and during the whole of wii^iiimiimtmSm m ^itt ardqpuB conflict he served in ihfb Mediterrwic»n, In tlie hardy enterprise of burning, under the very batteries of the enemy, the frigate Philadelphia, he vQluuteered his services ; wid acted as the firft lieu- tfinant to Commodore Decatur— Every A^nericau knows the succesr^ful residt of thatbriUiant achieve- «ent. An achievement, respecting which it is diffi- cult to say, which deserves most praise, the desper- ate valour with which it was planned, or the match- less skill and enthusiasm with which tt w»s execu- ted. On that day liAWBBNCB appeared with dis- tinguished lustre ; and if his services were not requited by the public rewsKds of hu own countey, they attracted the admiration of the world. They gtamped a character on the American Navy, which the glory of later tlays, po far fr»m eclipsing, has displayed in more bold relief. The long intervM of suocee^ng peaise left jiothing for naval ambition, but the punctiUous performance of duty. The e d, or the match- li it w»s exeeu- sared with dis- rviees wwe not kis own country^ eWorld. They w Navy, which ti eclipsingy has ^eii|ieleft|iothing lOiis performance •esept wax foutt4 1 o^ the Hornet^ uadroia under tilie leer, Commodore m unsiwe^ssfullyjr ice — or sought the ond emise he was iidar CooMBodor* Bainbridge. After his tictorioas eommander had returaed to reap the weleome rewards of hie memo- rable battle, Capt Lawrknce had the good fortune to meet and engage his Britannie majesty's ship Peaco^k» I need not siy how nobly he won the victory. — The story has reached and enlivened every fire-side of the country— it has been the theme, the delightful themei alike of the hoary grandsare and the lisping inHokt With a celerity of execution Bcnrcely paral- leled in tbe annals of naval warfare, he accomplished this fer.famed exploit, and placed the superiority of oar ^Miery, in precision and qukSknes^ beyond the reactt ef doubt. ^ A dtt^y nut les» worthy «f Mis liberal spfarit remmn- ed,t6 save his felten enemy from impending death. The twly brave are always humane— cruelty is the mean attendant of jealousy aud fear, or the more ferocious associate of rapine and villdny. With a magnanimity and promptitude, which always haJ disti%»ished, and 1 trust always will distinguish, the eharacter of the American Navy, Lawrence and his crew fleW to the suecour of the sinking Pea- cock- and at tbe imminent hazard of their own lives, sav«d the British from the overwhelming^ waves. The brave Capt. Peake was wrapped in his own flag, and eonsigned to an honourable se- pukhie in ^e »lap which he had so valiantly d« fmded. IMiMiiil mi i Mu iiiwi mtB ln i The elevated manner in which Capt. LawkbSC« behaved towards those whom tUc fortune of , war had thus thrown into his power, has not been left to American panegyric. It drew from his eneniies a voluntary tribute of gratitude, and they expressively declared that, from the hour of conquest, they forgot that they were prisoners. There are, who value the laurels of conquest however stained with the blood and butchery of innocence. There are, who pause not at the suffer- lags of the wounded and the dying— the helpless and the unnrotected. The moment of triumph is, to them, t^e hour of boundless exultation, and un^ manly revel. But to those, whose souls have felt tiie delicacy of virtuous honour, the humanity, which bends over a fallen foe, and binds his wounds, and sooths his departing spirit, is more ennobling than all the splendours of victory. I were wrong to appropriate to Capt* Lawrence this exclusive praise.-.-It belongs, and I speak it with the exulting pride of an American, it belongs to the whole Navy of my country. The stars ^nd the stripes, which distinguish our flag, are not more our own, than that profuse and generous gallantly, which sees an enemy no longer than a hostile banner waves for his protection. The victories over the ©uerriere, the Macedonian, the Java and the Frolic, though achieved by a valour and skill, which ns ^ngffWWHPirOVWP'VP wumm i I w i I , in ip i 1 ) nmmv- ^ ..n ii ii i - » janii i w pww»pi»»wf apt..LAWREtTC£ tune of .war had not been left to a his enemies a hey expressively ^uest, they forgot • rels of conquest and butchery of not at the suffer- ing — the helpless >nt of triumph is, Lultation, and ttD> le souls have felt B humanity, vtrhicb ) his wounds, and tre ennobling than Capt< La'wrence s, and I speak it leriean, it belongs ry. The stars jand r flag, are not more generous gallantry, an a hostile banner victories over tht Pava and the Frolic, id skill, which bb 40 praise can sufficiently extol, covered not the natiou with more glory, than the lofty and magnanimous courtesy of the conquerors. It gave to the harsh- ness of war a mild and touching grace, which phi- losophy in its proudest dreams, had scarcely ven- tured to pourtray. On the memorable first of June, Capt. Lawrence commanded the Chesapeake.... On this mournful oc casion all our sorrows flow afresh. There breather, not, there cannot breathe, within these walls, the man, whose soul has not drunk all the bitterness of wo, on the recollection of that fatal day. We saw the heroes, who now lie before us in the deep sleep of death — ^we saw them unfurl the sails tc the swell- mg breeze. Thousands crowded ouy shores, with throbbing hearts, to witness the expected battle. The signal for action struck our ear8....1'he declin- ing sun shot his lajst beams athwart the ocean to mark the scene of clouded battle, and left us to a night of agonising suspense. The morrow came, and heavily came, with the tidings of overwhelming sorrow. What eyie was then dry? What heart vas then cold? What lips were then dumb? Alas! all that our ready fears foreboded, these shrouded biers declare, was but too dreadfully true. Yet was ihe death of Lawrence not less glorious than his life. Over vulgar minde, the sunshine of vici« . J throws a g^udy lustre, that hides every de- 7 _,iitff mmim SO feet; and adversity too often exaggerates triling en-ors and exposes to unmerited censure. But the brave and the considerate, know well how to dis- criminate between accidents, against which no hu- man foresight could guard, f.nd rash exploits which no discretion could authorise. *< Let others hail the rising »vh, " I bow to that, whose race is run." Without doubt the combat was fought on unequal terms. — All the advantages of perfect preparation, and veteran discipline, were on the side of the British. But Lawrence could not hesitate — he could make no compromise with his own heroic feelings. He felt the honour of his country com- mitted to his charge, and he w»s incapable of be- traying it. He was willing to yield up his life, but he could not endure to hold it in dishonour. A spirit of exalted chivalry urged him on to battle. He nobly maintained it, and with his dying declaratiDn, "never give up the ship— the flag shall wave, while «I live"— he sealed the immortality of bis own fame. The victory was not ours— but *re lost noth- ing, save the victory and the heroes who fell. The honour of our flag remains untarnished— it was res- cued, and redeemed by the blood of Broome and Ballard and White and Ludlow and Lawrence and their brave companions. The first Captwn, who ever fell in the service, fell in defence of the flag on m ) nnwj iif wn «»— iw^WMpi •?*«ri!f«wwW"W mwq^i ;erate8 trifling sure. But th« ii how to difl- i which no hu. exploits which un. »» ight on unequal set preparation^ be side of the )t hesitate-— he bis own heroic s country com- ncapable of be- Jd up his life, 1 dishonour. A on to battle. He ring declaration) ball wave, while lity of his own but Ifire lost noth- i who fell. The bed — it was res- of Broome and r and Lawrence brst Captwn, who ace of the 11145 on 51 this bloody day. His example shall fire every fu- ture naval hero, and teach the world that Americans yield to none in consummate valour and dauntless devotion to their country. "What pity ti«, that we can die but once To serve our country. I forbear to dwell further on this interesting and DM'laucholy scene— the last burst of glory, that illu- miiiated the path of Lawrence. Scarcely have I been able to bring my own mind to touch the afBict- ive subjects The tears, that have mingled with our prayers, and our praises, at the altar, and at the eapitol, have not yet assuaged the agonies of our g.ief. Yet shall the hour come, when thew tears shall no longer flow; when a glowing emulation and gathered zef \ shall chase away the gjoom, and the fall of the Chesapeake shall be recollected o^ly with emotions of admiration and gratitude— admi- raUon for the deeds, and gratitude for the self de. votion of c'\r countrymen. Bomething would I say on the character of Law- rence, a character as blameless as his life waa honourable. Nature had given him commanding powers of mind— a spirit, which was never daunt, edby danger nor subdued by difficulties — afirm««ss, which rose with the perils of the emergency— and a coolness, which in the hour of battle diffused a sacred tranquility around him. Frank and gener- MM H MbW i W* L4 i (i i ia »ii w*w^ mmtumm 08 0118 in hii temper, uffable and condescending in his manners, he was scarcely more respected than be- loved. He won his way to the heart by that steely and gentle propriety— that masculine yet temperate deportment^that modest but irresistible urbanity— which all know how to admire, but few can hope to imitate. Perhaps no man ever more fully pos- sessed the esteem and confidence of all under his command. Though he exacted the rigour of dis- cipline, yet the manner conciUated, while it enfor- ced obe^ence. In the more retired walks of private life— in the scenes of domestic quiet, his warm and liberal heart expanded with every social feeling, and delighted to pay the voluntary 4iom*6o of friendship. I will not approach the sanctuary of his home. Sorrow has there but just told its fatal tale. The aflccttonate mother and orphan children, no longer dwell in the security of imagined happiness. The visions, the blissful visions of hope, have passed away, and deep unutterable agony has harrowed the soul of her, whose love was the first pride and con- solation of the Hero. May the country, which the father died to defend, receive and cherish in its own bosom his lovely and interesting offspring ! I will not say that Capt. Lawrence was the mpst intelligent and consummate of officers. It would be ■^•■FliiwnVMIMKKNPI "" 1 11 ending in hit Bted than be- )y that sten fly yet temperate le urbanity — few can hope ore fully po8- all under his rigour of dis- irhile it enfor- te life — in the nd liberal heart and delighted idship. f of his home, ital tale. The Iren, no longer ippiness. The e^ have passed as harrowed the t pride and eon- ntry, which the erish in its own ipringi CE was the most 8. It would be 08 doing injuitiee to mary brave and accomplished gen- tlemen who adorn v u« navy. Where all, who have had an opportunity, have distinguished themselves by equal p.'owess and skill, it were invidious to claim superior excellence for the dead. No, the fame of Oapt. Lawrence, as an ofllcer, rests on the same immoveable foundation, which supports that of his compatriots, who have fought with success — and, thanks be to God, yet live to repose on the laurels of victory. Kor can we forget the gay, the gallant and noble hearted Ludlow. Though the history of his life be short, yet it can never be uninteresting to those, whose hearts beat high with the love of their coun- try. He was the son of Robert Ludlow, Esq. and born at Newburgh, in the state of New- York. In the year ISM, he entered the navy of the U. S. as a midshipman, and in the summer of the same year he sailed for the Mediterranean, on board the Pres- ident, then bearing the pendant of Tommodore Samuel Barron. He continued there until the year 1807, when our naval force being ordered home, he returned in the Constitution, then commanded by Capt. Campbell. He remained in the same Mgate under Commodore Rogers, until he was promoted to a Lieutenancy, and then served on board of the Hornet. His exemplary conduct aud strict sense of honour while ;7et a midshipman, gave him a deserved preference among th? officers, and he was 111.1 I liwiiBWaiifc* — •4«l» generally dUt«s«bhed by «>«« mark of favour, *^ ! r.ntain'. aid. He had aerved a King Ume Oheaapeake. Uk. ft. Miming Kury.lu. h. «comp«. «1 U" ^^ toed commander .0 b.Ul.. >«ver could .t b.« been more truly »«i«.»a^ Hi. ..ulwM formed for d«^ of .etive ™l«up .na n.arti.1 .nlcrpri«. to the m\A eogagemenU of pe.«=, it «.ftened int. ft. mo. -■ Se .«»vity of manner., and wore the »o.t b^ X^i form of honour, to the tumnU, of «u, . „S eleeteri^ed every movement «.d .wJ..n«l ft. whole energiee of hi. genioe. H«l he lived, hi. name would have atWned to ^ bUtoric elevaUon a. tl».» of our tot e.m-». ^b. Van Tromp'. M.d th. N->l«.n'. «f to Z. cut off in the hlo«om of >^/»J«' ''!»'!*^' ;^U pace, of y«.th yet elu-tered round h» form, , inp ii i |iii ■ii n ii ii mnwif I I ii 'i i f' mmm mmmmfrnmrntl^* lark of favour, ired a King time aciMsrfectknow- aced him to con- aeutenantin the in of age, when ompanied liit be- er could it have uebant.* Idence and friend- B formed for deed» irisc. In the mild L into the most at- wore the moat be- tumults of war, it naval excellence, lent and awakened 1 have attained the of our first comman- he Nelson's of the his days, while the lered found his form, "1 he has left ns to pour our unavailing sorrows to his memory — Hit aaltem aeeunulem donit et fungar inani Munere. . Peace be to the spirits of the mighty dead— they fell covered with honourable wounds in the cause of their country. What death could be more truly en- viable? What death could be more truly exalted? The grriitude of millions has already consecrated their memories....The poetry and the eloquence of future ages shall celebrate their deeds, and hymn their requiems. While, therefore, we pay our last lingering fare- well to these hallowed remains, we mourn not as those without hope. The bodies of these heroes may moulder away, and become indistinguishable from the common mass of mortality; but their spir- its, we trast, shall repose in the bosom of heaven; and their fame, their spotless fame, shall perish but with the country of their birth, in that dread day when The eloud eapt towen, the gorgeous palaces, The solemn temple, the great globe itself | Yea, all which it inhabit, shall dissolve: And, like the baseless fkbrie of a rision, Leave not a wreek behind them. [»»d to war. mmm MP" I l- BW IJU i "11 ^ J7 OBITUARY AND POETICAL NOTICES t Am, k^fno'ieta of tkt QlHetf of the Ckfttticakty tlain in the , U* «|S! Though they eo^«y but little ifs/^atUm, ^h r^t^Tthe Hv,:^JheM,n heroe., tHeyjre fir»ervedto oSTthe e,timatU,n in which their charcter, ^ereheld, by thoee , who btot knew them. Dmo «t ttrilfitxtoo thel3thof June, Ueutenwit Avo«rro« C. l^Viiw -wSTto command on bowd the CheMOetke Fngate, At iTrfXwo^N receW^ in the .cUon wllTuie Shannon. £Ji;2rwrrelmUa.withe,erym«kofmiHtt^^^^ iao^M^tL generou. enemy could bestow on a gallant youth, who ftU in dofending Ma countiy'a Bog. ^ Bleitt youth, regardful of thy doom, Aerial haqda ahaU build thy tomb, With shadowy trophiea crown'd > Whilat Honour, bathed in tears, shall rave, To sigh thy name through every gra^»» And call his heroes round. The warttke dead of every age, Who ill the ftdr recordfaiff page, MHdl leave their aalnted rest t Jbi4, Imlf reclfadng on hb spear, m^ wondling chief by turns appear, To haU the btoomlng gttf :t. Ir by age or Infirmky, a period b pot to the existence of owr reladvea or friends, we reomclle ourselves to their lose, in re- flecdng on the pidn they might have sufibred ; tb« few years they could have Bved; and by fondly cherifhing the hope of thdr having exchanged a world of care and anxiety, for a bless* ed state of UnmortaUty ! But when our most promising yoi ng men, whose characters ere unblemished, and whose expanding knowledge becomes useful to their country, are cut down in the bloom of life, at a time when the attention of all is placed oa their future services — it becomes a public loss, and tlie tears of thousands are shed for their untimely fate. In the death of Lieut. Edward J.Ballahd, who fell with many of his brave companions on board the frigate Chesapeake, soci- ety has lost a bright ornament, his friends, an affectionate and beloved companion, and his country, a brave and valuable officer. Anxious to render himself useful, and to share in the glory ac- quired by our Naval heroes, he left (though scarcely recovered from an indisposition of several months) the peaceful asylum of friendship,' for his home upon the ocean, and termintted, with honour, a well spent life of virtue. • Lieutenant James M. Bhoomb, commanding the marines on board the frigate Chesapeake, who was slain in the late desper- ate naval combat, was a native of the State of New-Jersey. He had been several years in the service of his country ; and among the gallant heroes who have fallen in the present contest, his name will stand recorded among the bravest of the brave. Na- ture implanted in his bosom all those social and liberal feelings "which endear man to his fellow-men ; and in the circles of {Viendship which included Bsoomv, his cheerfulness of disposi- tion and nobleness of soul, commanded sentiments of affection, which will long be fondly cherished. The record of destruction which the late ill-fated engagement has produced, affords suffi- cient evidence of the influence of his heroism during its contin- uance. Of forty-four marines under his command, twelve were killed, and twenty wounded — about three quarters of the de- tachment ; a carnage perhaps unparallelled in naval history.— When such a man perishes, the pang of sorrow must long be felt even by those whose acquaintance with him was ^nly tran- sient ; and sympathy must be excited for those towards whom his fratertial solicitude was mingled with his adieus to tht friends who shared some of the last hours he s[.«snt in this place. For ever green, the laurel o'er thy tomb Shall flourish ; ever white its flowery bloom ; . And beauty oft shall weep before thy shrine, And friendship heave the sigh, and thy fair wreath entwine. DiKD on board the Frigate Chesapeake, William Augustus White, EA. 26, Suiliiig-Master, a native of Rutland, Massachu- setts. Noble and generous, his heart was open and uncere— — ■ « i M"'iW"P ' W" ''Pi'''>Wiy**l' WW" ' «" ' . ' " i ' ■ ' iii>ni i|] »«i D,ni ii I i i i» pp n » ii i iM, iiii<<>yw»wip!ywww;y*''<»i'»iwi of all is placed f sorrow must long be vith him was ^nly tran- for those towards whom vitli his adieus to th« rs he si«ay. Thus have we pass'd life's vaned day : Cheerless and hopeful, sad and gay. Vriend of my soul ! these scenes are o er. And we shall meet on earth no more. But when that hour, decreed by »te, Shall call me to a future state, jOJAIjU^,-.!"' *^ ny'*ifi^V!>\W- iK'^*»iW )LOW. er; Si - ^nd uiere d; erel IfiMrt; % o'er, 'p— ' flow'f, lOUP— od, hose heart ■t— I • flow— dday: are o'er, nore. fete, United we again shall be, And own more pure felicity. Until that hour, lov'd friend, adieu I Thy virtues great U-thy faults were few. LINES Oceatimed by the arrival t\fthe remama ;'.iiig sympathy made known ; No more the trembling numbers roscr- Low on the lyre her head sunk down opprest. In sorrow lost, awhile she paus'd and wept. Then faint .md low again the harp-strings swept: Slowly her trembling fingers mov d, To Heav'n her eye was turn d. The theme was LAWRENCE, chief belov d, Erst in the victor's land inum'd. Hard, hard and heavy was the blow That laid Columbia's fav'rite low ; - No kindred soul, no tender wife was by, To smooth his couch, and watch his flagging eye. The hero's pillow the foeman stood nsar. And honor'd valor with valor's pure tear ; The foeman's heart that in battle beat high. To softness moulded, now breath'd the warm sigh ; And when the eye that flash'd vengeanue in fight, Had aunk forever in death's murky night ; our, Ijow'r ; droop'd, p'di re, high. ve, ive, sound, nd. . she sang, sprang, uigor loud rang) if the foe : )r'8 poor Be88: stress, nd's caress, murs her woe. lalf-felt woes, sast, wn; roscr— >ppreBt. wept, ngs swept : r'd, chief belov'd, i. ow w; shy, _ 8 flagging eye. ear, tear ; high, e warm sigh ; nee in fight, ight; 48 When f^Tand pallid was 8tretch*d»th brave form, That iiafovr in war like the oak mid the storm, " The foeman's sod was 1p'.* u'tr his cold breast. The foeman's verse was the requiem of rest : The vict'ry won, the tough conflict was o'er. And foes in battle were foemcn no more. Then Fame arose with soul of fire. And throwing by the modest lyre. His fav'rite clarion seiz'd in pride : — The stirring sound Re-echo'd round ; He sang the Brave, Who stain'd the wave, And in the sacred cause of country died. And these, my fav'rite sons, he cried. Shall ever live, Columbia's pride ; The names of Lawrence, Ludlow, Ballard, Whitk, And those around who sunk in Death's dark night, Compeers in arms, co-victims of the fight, Shall blazen Glory's deathless scroll. The future champion of his country's cause, Shall turn th' historic page. Where live the ti*iumphs of this elder age. There on the record of achievements pause, And feed the native ardour of his soul. Fav'rites of Glory ! ye whose stripling force. Hath maim'd the giant in his mighty course. Ye, at whose thunders Mbion'a vet'rans bow, And ocean's •' Queen," with cypress binds her brow, For you the laurel wreath shall ever bloom. And scatter fragrance on the noiseless tomb. What though in strength Britannia's barks shall ride. And strew your pigmy force o'er ev'ry tide ? What though this realm in one vast ruin lie i Columbia's naval deeds shall never die. The elder world shall own the record true, That shews her glories scatter'd by the new. Gallia can vouch, for Gallia felt the blow, ^ That bade her triple-tinted flag lie low ; The turban'd infidel can tell a tale, That turns his visage, as his crescent pale ; And Albioriy haughty Mbton must confess, " The greater glory now hath dim'd the less." ' Mid scenes of shame, of sorrow and defeat. Here may the Patriot's heart still proudly beat ; •WT- Like meteor.fladM» |n the clood-JiUM idglit» a . Surrounding gloom but sheweach deed inore bngnt. In after-timet their nunei 111111 be renown d, Long to their praise the goblet thall go roundi Who aim'd at ocean-pride the vengeful blow, And l«dd the honora of old JlUmt low ; Loud wake the echoes round her rockjr ahore, ««Th« CUkWM IKVmOWILITT— IS o'»».' Now like the phantom of the Mck man a dream, Or early mist that fliea the morning beam, Her boasted glow swiftly fades away, And %esteralanda receive the bnlhant ray. ^fT'^ '-'"-f'iiir: 1 mora bnght irn'd, roundi blowt shore, •> • dream) im, raf.