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Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul cliche, il est film6 d partir de I'angle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nicessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m6thode. 1 2 3 32X 1 2 3 4 8 6 #-'■ •^'' ;^S 7"^Sl.vtx^^^A«/ 'I©/* n * /^ CUi^C^ TO THE ELECTORS OF THE OF HALIFAX. m M iw- t.-^ Fellow Electors, — . The time is now rapidly approaching when, you will be required to elect member* for the Dominion Legislature. ■.•.-. In order that you may be the better prepared to perform this duty, allow me to place a few focts before you. * ;^ , , „ Though it is porfoctly true, that a Government can do .very jtra^ towards making its subjects prosperous, yet it ia equally true* tm^^'^ their rulers aan do much towards preventing the progress of the people'^'''' in material wealth. When a Government performst ^fficipntly the '^ purpose for which it is constituted, in securing the lives, liberty and ' property of its subjects, leavipg each individual free to purslie ^ the business or occupation best suited to his cirgiimstancias, the , ' prosperity of its people will depend upon their own intelligence, ,! industry audi'fi-ug' j^artioulars, the arm of industry becqmes paralyzed. .^ When the rulers ore extravagant in their expenditure of tne public ';' funds, supporting a host of useless officials, or wasting them in public works of but little. utility ; or when by. ill-advised legislation it tempts or forces the people to embark their capital, or employ their labi)]^ in, enterprises uMluited- to the circumstances of the country or the char- ' acter of thoijbqj^nlaition, jt retards tlue ^accumulation of \yealth. Be 1^0 the Qpafederation of the Provinces we electors had only to , consider the pqntical questions prea^uiod to our yjew in one aspect, as to the influence -(^ the measures advoQated upon the destinies of this Province i, «aw^ 'jfei^Wever, we must also trace their effect lipon the Domiuioil^ - , *^',j In think, ho:\^yflf, you will «gree with me, that we ought in the first place to look to puf pwu interests. We must not follow leaders but jueasurers. We must ijotcstipport McKcnzie, because he is,, rop|l|ientative of the Grit Biife '^^br McDonald, because he i» the ' *' fitivo Party ; but support thai. \^ti promote the interests of' ""* ifvt justice whicli has so long_ rei)if9^jitative of the Lil party, ^iiatever its name, ,^ the Dominion, and which will been deuiod. The question which most ^^HHpRft' the tarifl. Shall there be a revision of the tariff or no ( 'i'hafw the question to be'detcrmined at the polls. It is not a question of protection or not. 7*^eithcr of the opposing parties are free traders. McDonald preaches a ])rotection policy, but McKenzie puts it in practice. The present tariff is not d revenue one, but one highly protective in its operation. While the oil pressed by the forces of nature out of coal payq 50 per cent, duty, c in order that the oil veils of Ontario may paj' a large profit to their owners, and the American Coal from which it is produced is allowed to enter duty free, it is waste time to endeavour to make people believe that the policy imposing the duty was not protective. While nearly one third of the goods imported into the Dominion are free, and others pay duties ranging Irom 5 to 350 per cent , and the tariff by its operation creates manufactures and gives large profits to manufacturers, it cannot be pretended that the tariff has been pre- pared solely for revenue purposes. Banishing, therefore, the question of protection for the present, let us calmly consider which of the two parties it will be most for our interest as K'ova Hcotians to support. The present Government is mainly upheld by the influence of Ontario, the most powerful, most selfish, and as respects her own interests, the most br sighted Province in the Dominion, Lot us trace the results of her influence on the financial legislation of the Country. In 1866 we imported into this Province ^14,381,000, on which we paid duties amounting in all to $1,226,000. The year subsequent to Confederation we only imported |8, 200,000, and paid duties amounting to $1,132,000. So that previous to that measure we were paying at the rate of $8.05 per cent., while the year after we had to pay $13.78 per cent. The year previous to Confederation Ontario and Quebec paid $13.62 per cent., the year after they only paid at the rate of $11.83 per cent. From 1869 to 1873 inclusive, Ontario and Quebec paid at the rate of $11.91 per cent., while Xova Scotia paid at the rate of $12.96 per cent. There was then a change of Governir.ent. The influence of Ontario is at once felt. The duties in Ontario and Quebec from 1874 to 1877 inclusive, sinks from $11.91 per cent, to $11.83 per cent, while those of JS'^ova Scotia rises from $12.96 per cent, to $13.69 per cent. Let us now make a few calculations based upon these figures. Nova Scotia, from 1868 to 1873 inclusive, imported $55,64i5,432 worth of goods, and paid duties thereon amounting to $7,280,426, or at the aveiTJge rate of $13.08 per cent, Ontario and Quebec during the same period imported goods valued at $423,494,284, paying' for duty thereon the sum of $50,462,099, or at the average rate of $11.91 per cent. Now had Nova Scotia paid at the same rate as those Provinces, she would only have paid as duty the sum of $6,627,705. If those Provinces had paid at the same rate as Nova Scotia, they would have paid the sum of $55,407,296. Let us now take the years for which the present Government arc responsible, from 1874 to 1877 inclusive, and we will find that Nova Scotia imported goods worth $39,671,476, and paid for duties $5,434,541, while Ontario and (^Hiebec, importing $345,889,565, paid for duties only $40,931,228. If Nova Scotia had been paying at the same rate as those Provinces, she would only have paid tlie sum of $4,694,524. If those Provinc68 had paid at the same rate as Nova Scotia, they would have paid the sumof$47, 383,024. 1'he Blue Books therefore show that under the McDonald Government in six years we paid out of a tctal amount of $7,280,426 the sum of $652,721 more than the proportion paid by these IVovinces ; and that under the present Government in four years out of total amount f I of 85,434,541 we have paid the snip of $740,007 more tliaii the proportion paid by tliose Provinces. Now had Ontario and ooks, do not fairly represent the injustice perpetrated by the present tariff upon this Province. In 18G1 the total imports of thi.s Province amounting to $7,613,227, and in 1866 they had increased to $14,381,008, having nearly doubled in 5 years. The Blue Books show our imports of 1867-8 to have been only $8,213,682. No person at all conversant with the trade of this Province, will believe that the imports which had been so rapidly increasing would have fallen ofi in one year by more than $6,000,000, or could have dwindled down to $7,74J^333 the next year. Bad as has been the effect of Confederation, it could not have decreased our imports to one-half in two years. We must therefore assume that the imports were implemented by iuiportations from the other Provinces, no record of which is kapt in the Statistics of the Dominion. Now, assuming that the imports have not increased, but have remained what they were in 1866, instead of importing $96,000,000 wo have really imported $145,000,000. If the careful calculations made by Mr. Dwyer, and which were confirmed by Mr. Brydges in a conversation I had with him on the subject of the goods passing over the Intercolonial, be correct, the present imports of this Province cannot be less than $18,000,000 per annum, instead of less than $10,000,000, the figures shown by the Blue Books. Surely it is not assuming too much to calculate upon an increase of $4,000,000 in 11 years, when the imports of Ontario and Quebec in the same period have increased from $53,802,319 to $78,217,828, and when the total imports of those Provinces during the last ten years have averaged more than $70,900,000 per annum. Lest, however, there should be any objection raised to this species of argument, let iis assume that the trade of the Province has not increased duiing the last ten years, but that with an increase of about 10 per cent, in the number of its inhabitants it still imports only $14,500,000. Let me further assume that the goods imported from the other Provinces have either paid duty there, or that their price has been enhanced by the tariff, so that the average inhancement is e(iuiva- lent to that of the goods imported from Foreign Countries. Those con- f • 4 versaut with thu intev-provinciul ti-adc will tell you that both these calouluticms are under the mark, Theu wo will iind tiiab during the last teu years 'Sovfx Scotia has paid not 812,700,000, hut really more than $18,000,000 without excise or stamp duties, adding those she has paid $20,000,000. Taking, therefore, the present j)opulation of XoVa Scotia at 400,000, and Ihe present imi)orts at only $14,000,000, it is equivalent to a payminit of $5.00 by every man, woman and chikl in the Province, or $30 by every head of a family. In other words every laboring man is compelled to give one days labor out of every ten to sui)i>ort the government. The articles used by the poor man, by the present tariii', pays as ■■ much ainl in many ca-ses far more than thoyo used by tlie wealthy. Silks and satins pay no more than woollens and cottons. The tea used by the wealthy manufacturer of Ontario pays about 10 per cent., while that used by our poor lisliermcn pays between 30 and 35 per cent, out of every ten pounds of tea the former uses, the Govern- ment takes one, while out of every four pounds tlie latter purchases, the same, (jovernnient extracts one pound. The cigars smoked by the millionaire at the bank board pay only 30 per cent., while the tobacco smoked by the poor iisherinan on the Dauks of Xewfuundland. pays 200 per cent. The wine consumed by the rich ]nerc]iant J)ay3 lessj than 20 per cent., while the rum drank by the poor laborer of this Province i)ays more tlian 350 per cent. For every dollar's worth of wine imported for the wealthy. Government gets 20 cents ; while it makes the poor man pay $3.50 for every dollar's worth of rum im- ported for him. Is it surprising that the more Jightly taxed, mannuicturers of . Ontario can send down their goods and undersell the ]iighly taxed, people of this Province. f . , Is it astonishing that with a tariff constructed to enable the grocers ; of Toronto to import li-om New York, that our We.st India trade should languish, that our coopers should lack employment, our fisher- ^ men customers, and our ships return empty to this port after having i deposited their cargoes at that great emporium of the Uniied States. Is it a matter of wonder that with a tariff pressing ^o onerously and so unjustly on this Province, the assessed values of the diifereut counties show a largo decrease in value during the last ten years. That Cape Dreton has decreased from $2,821,000 in 18G9, to , $2,G25,000 in 1878; that Digby from $1,284,000 has sunk to - $1,084,000; that East Hants from $1,055,000 has gone down to $1,472,000, and West Hants which in.i 870 stood at $2,423,000 is . now assessed at $2,004,000, and that Queen's county- has dwindled down from $1 ,8 1 2,000 to $1 ,245,000. With these figures before you, taken from the public records, I call upon you to exercise your franchise in favour of the party which will so re adjust the tariii" as to make it fair and equitable in its operations. The present Government has not listened to our reasonable demands, but has refused to make any amendment. Let us try another, and let us be careful in the selection of our representatives to choose men who will not hesitate to abandon any Government that will not do us justice. JAMES THOMSON. milfcijc, July rM,lS7S.