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T..K <0,,„,TTKE U„,;,.„ ,.«„,. „„,.„„^.„ „^ ^ HOUK To |)K l-ATKk / Ho.n.-Secrktakv tt, THE HUniT llOSiniiAHLK LORD STHATUrONA AND MOVST HOYAL {High Commitmiot'er njf Cnumla) the nohlf fnihinNnient "/ THE WESTERS MAS and of (ANADIAy IMPERIALISM -i. W MEMORY OF THE QUEEN We are apt to think of the Queen as having had a long career of uniform happiness and nnintermpted success. Alas I her life has been no exception to the common lot. Her reign has in- deed been glorions and beneficent with- out parallel. But though in every field the nation under her guidance has shown unexampled energy, raising and enlarging human knowledge and lib- erty, dignity and happiness; in war, at the end always victorious; from the day she ascended the throne un- til the great releasor came, bearing in his cold hand the well earned rest, she had ever and again the gravest causes for anxiety ; she knew trouble and sor- row and anguish as Queen and wife and mother; death did not pass the palace any more than the mansion or the cot- tage ; her husband, her favourite daugh- ter, her grandson, her son preceding her to the halls of the dead. She has been shot at five times. The early disasters of the Crimean war, the inglorious re- treat and massacre in the Ehyber pass. the abandonment of Gordon, Majuba, how must they have stung the British woman and Queen ! Among her latest utterances, the King tells us, were inquiries about Kitchener and his army. She met affliction and worry and re- verses, triumphs and victories, great ex- pansion and vast accretions of empire with an equal mind. She was the most popular and powerful monarch, not only in the line of our own Empire, but in Europe and in the world. Her influence was unbounded; her prestige beyond comparison ; her authority equal to her unequalled fortune, for everything and everyone in Christendom compared with her was junior and recent and troubled. When she ascended the throne Louis Phillipe waa reigning in France. She was a renowned queen at the time of the revolution of '48. She had to consider how she would treat the author of the Coup d'etat in 1861, and twenty years afterwards how best she could alleviate the misfortunes of his wife, the Empress Eugenie, and for twenty years she has IX MKMftHY OF THE QUEEN looked out from an unshaken throne in the midst of an ordered stat^ on the changes which have followed each other in Prance. In 1837 Prussia was but a small kingdom. She had been reign- ing for thirty years before Bismarck made it a great factor in Europe, and for more than forty befow It took its place at the head of the German Empire, whose present Em- peror, her grandson, is only twelve years on the throne. When the girl.queeu. in her first speech, referred to chartist dis- turbances, Italy was under the domin- ation of Austria and Mazziui was at work with his young Italian party. Thirty-three years passed before strug- gle, insurrection and war ended in an Italian kingdom. During all the time the Austro Hungarian Empire can scarcely be said to have had one quiet d^ and she had ruled eleven years when JbYancis Joseph succeeded Ferdinand. The present Ozar of aU the Ru8«ias was bom in 1868 and ascended the throne in 1894, and his Czarina is the daughter of the Princess Alice. Neither in extreme youth, nor in extreme age, nor at any point within the interval, was there the least sign that all this vast pr ~ or rank or efficiency—her intense humaaity . If I may use the language, she was an unassuming Queen, a mighty Empress, who, fully aware of the importance of ceremony and that dignity of bearing is a virtue in one in her position, amply expressed it and secured its ends and yet put on no style. Crown, jewels, golden tissue, purple robe, the pomp of royal ceremonies, the august splendor ef Im- perial conditions could not overshadow the girl, nor subsequently the mother, and the woman overtopped the ruler the home the palace, and the kind, pure warm heated head of the first house- hold in the world loomed so large in her loving hnmanness as to throw the em- press into the shade. On one occasion, on the eve of a fete at Balmoral, in one of her rambles around the estate she went into a cot- tage where a peasant woman was iron- ing a shirt and said to her : • 'Please get me a drink of milk." The answer was : "I canna do it. The dairy is outside and I am ironing the buMom of my man's shirt. He is going to see the Queen to- morrow and if I leave it I canna put the glaze on it." -lean putthefeloss on said the Queen, taking the iron out ° nl^M ^^u^* "''^"" y°^ ««* '"^ *»»« mujc. The guid man never wore the wurt, for his wife learned soon after- wards who her visitor was and the shirt « kept sacred to this dny. When she came to the throne the Court for two reigns had not been what a Court should be. In the country dis- content and misery were wide-spread There were Chartist risings and insurrec- lons. Loyalty to the monarchy had be- come impaired. The poor in the mining and manufacturing districts were in a wors0condition then slavery. The agri- cultural laborer and his wife and children were ill paid, ill fed, oppressed and rob- IN MEMORY OF THE Ql'EEX bed. The dwellings of the working classefl in the towns and of the farm laborers in the country outraged health, decency, morals, the commonest human- ity. The people were uneducated. •Onmewas rampant. The amount of juvenile dilinquency was frightful. In Ireland the tenantry were ground down and O'Connel's repeal agitation was at its height. The great vehicle of transport- ation was the stage coach. There were only 3.000 post offices in England and Wales, while the number of parishes was 11,000. The number of letters in 1887 was four letters per head per an- num in England and Wales, three in Scotland and one in Ireland. There were practicaUy no railways and of course no telegraphs. The quickest way of send- ing the news of the coronation to Paris was by carrier pigeon. The two Oan- adas were in rebellion. In opening par- liament in November, 1837, the Queen said: "I recommend to your serious consideration the state of the Province of Lower Canada." On the 32nd of December the goveAment announced in both Houses that there was an open re- bellion in Lower Canada. The mem- bers of democratic opinions declared in favor of England's retirement from the continent of America. Sir William Molesworth said : "Great would be the advantages of an amicable separation of the two countries." Oppressive religious dissabilities still existed- The late king, like his predecessors, clung to personal rule. This Kiri of eighteen at once inaugur- ated a new era. She made herself the Ideal of what a constitutional sovereign should be. She put an end forever to personal power. The principle of re- ligous liberty and equality has been fully asserted. She at once made a court where St. Paul or St. Theresa would find nothing to be shocked at. Loyalty to the monarchy and to the per- son of the sovereign became strong and universal. The condition of miners, of factory hands, of agricultural laborers and of children was meliorated. Edu- cation was pr -^ded for the people by the state. ie was lessened. The rebellion repressed, Canada received re- sponsible government, and, instead of five scattered provinces with rival tar- iffs and half of them in rebellion, to- day we have a mighty confederation I with the resources of a vast state, as 8 IN MKMOHY OF THE QUEEN populous as England when she set forth on her career m a world power, abound- ing in prosperity and development of •very kind and which, instead of re- belling, Bends across the equator heroic contingents to fight the battles of the empire. The agrarian legislation of the reign has not left a land grievance in Ire- land. I well remenberiu 1849. then a little boy of six years, being driven in- to town to see the Queen. Sl^e drove through the streets of Cork amid vast crowds and I was held up that I might see her. She was then slight and I vividly recall the sweet womanlv face which looked out from the straw bon- net which was then the fashion. Last year she visited her Irish kingdom and was received with the hospitality and loyalty of a warm hearted people. In that island is King Edward's opportun- ity. Celtic peoples are monarchical; they attach themselves to persons rather than to principles; and if our gracious King, following in the lines of duty his august mother set, will show himself to his Irish subjects and win their hearts he will do the greatest piece of work open to any man, however high his gen- ius, within the empire. There it the territory for him to conquer; win with his own sword and spear a claim to the title of emperor; lay the foundation for all his subjects* gratitude for all time and by removing the one danger, leave behind him the glorious heritage of a united people. As I have said, the Queen had been well brought up; trained to do right in scorn of consequence. She had a great regard for her first prime minister, Lord Melbourne. Neverthe- less, when, on one occasion, he urged expediency as a reason for signing a do- cument, she stopped him and said : ♦*! have been taught, my lord, to judge what is right and wrong, but expediency w a word which I neither wish to hea^ nor understand." Not without significance was the title of empress. Th»ee-fourths of India have been acquired during her reign; Fiji, Guinea, Hong Kong, the vast tracts of Africa; much of Borneo. From bemg penal settlements Australasia has become a great Federation. When she ascended the throne the British army at home and abroad numbered only 130 - 000. officers and men; the population of IN MEMORY OF THE Ul'EES the empire wm 127,000,000. To-day it li 890.000,000. It! area is three times that of Europe and one-flfth of that of the globe, and within its world- wide bounds liberty is complete. Regina was called after the Qaeen. The North. West has been opened up within her reign. Prom the North- West has gone the largest number of those who in South Africa showed their Sovereign the value of colonies and that Canada is the empire's right hand. I am quite sure those of us in the North- West who were not fortunate enough to go to South Africa will not confine our expression of love and gratitude to words. The Daughters of the Empire, of which Madame Forget is honorary presi- dent, have ah^ady sent through my wife their contribution for a wreath to belaid by Lord Strathcona on the Queen's coffin, and I rejoice to be able to say they will at once inaugurate a movement for the erecting of a statue somewhere in the Territories, most appropriately in the capital, to her whose personality em- bodied the greatness, the expansion, the development, the social progress, the broad religious sentiment of the British empire of to-day. )» The telegraph has enabled us all to stand by that august death bed, to kneel by it with her children and graudchil- dren and retainers, and there is hardly a man or woman or child in the empire who has not within these last days experienced a sense of personal loss and paid to the imperial dust the tribute of a tear, nay, felt for the dead mother of her people a wntimeut of true filial regret. No pomp of ceremonies, no pall-bearing kings, no cavalcade of princes can dwarf the funeral to-day to a mere state funeral. A family whose units are millions fol- lesl'h^d*^^ »rave its beloved and blame- On such occasions thei-e are always many poetical effusions, all of them doing credit at least to the hearts of the composers. Of these at this time the best I have seen comes from Ottawa. It makes no pretentions to art, but is touching in its sincerity and simplicity and is worth calling attention to because It expresses a sentiment which I suspect is almost universal. It is written by John Diivis: I've tried to ning God Save the Kinc But cannot, cannot yet, \f^HSif?"'Jl*' '*?•* ^^ mother whom My heart vnll ne'er forget. 10 rx MEMORY OF THE QUEEN The loyaltj of men whose lament is not effervescent will be deep and endur- ing and King Edward himself. I am »nre, would honor inch aenuine grief and honor ns here, who, thongh we look forward with confidence to a glorious future under his rule, yet have to say that our hearts too are in that coffin where aU that remains of so much good- ness and greatness is closed up forever. She was one with humanity living, she iM one with it dead. Ashes to ashes dust to dust, concludes us all. * • ^