IMAGE EVALUATfON TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I 1.26 IIM IIIIIM 132 m 12,0 11= U III 1.6 6" V. signifie "A SUIVRE ", le symbole V signifie "FIN". Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent gtre filmds d des taux de reduction diff^rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour etre reproduit en un seul clichd, il est film6 d partir de Tangle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 Hi { 4; Memories of Dundum and Burlington Heights JNO. GEO. BOURINOT ^, *-'"•..- - :« • . ii t ••U^T- V N ^ \\ "immmmm '■"•:•■: '"'.^'9 mmmmm^- Memories of Dundurn and Burlington Heights An Address delivered at Hamilton, Ontario, ON THE Queen's Birthday, 1900, By Sir John G. Bourinot, K.C.M.G., D.C.L., Lit.D. WITH HISTORICAL NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS TORONTO : THE COl'P-CLAHK COMPANY, Limited liKM) m f c ■? * ** ^' 1 La Saixb L tfMHti tmtm* mmmm M 9 I I . Ml! All XN M VI N Ml- I'll''- f, (/,. i,..ilr.,,l ,., II,. ..i..-.,l..-,-Hil, ,„.l,.rH. III!' '(# ''.'■iB^mtui'"'-" MKMOKir':S OF DUNDURN AND BURLINGTON HEIGHTS. r I HIE following is a full report of the historical address -*- delivered by Sir John Bourinot on the Queen's Birth- day, 1900, when Duiidurn Park, the beautiful new pleasure- ground of the City of Hamilton, was formally opened in the presence of a vast concourse of people, drawn together by the many opportunities for amusement afforded them by the civic authorities. Mr. II. G. Wright, Chairman of the Board of Park Commissioners, presided ; and the Mayor, J. V. Toetzel, Esq., Q.C., introduced the several speakers, viz. : Sir John Bourinot, Mr. Joseph E. Ewell, of the City of Buffalo, Honourable Dr. Montague, P.C , M.P., Honourable Thomas Bain, M.P., Speaker of the House of Commons of Canada, and Adam Brown, Esq., Postmaster of Hamilton, who for half a century has been closely identified with the City of Hamilton in various positions of public trust. Sir John Bourinot was first called upon to speak on " Memories of Dundurn and Burlington Heights." As I stand on this historic ground, so deeply interest- ing to the student for its many memories, and so pleasing to the eye for its varied scene of mountain, grove and bay, I recall a phrase long famous in the annals of this district, and address you once more as " Men and Women of Gore."(') It is a phrase associated for many decades with evidences of unswerving devotion to the Crown, and never more so than at this memorable time when the sons of Gore are contend- (') For Notes see end ut' iliis aJdrcKs. a mmmmmsm ing on the hattlofields of South Africa for the security and unity of thiit mighty Empire to which the people of Canada have ever l)een true. It wah a happy thought on the part of the energetic uuiyor and civic authoriticH of Hamiltcm to defer the opening of this park until the Queen's birthday, the true Empire day, the great holiday of all Canadians, irrespective of race and creed. This is the day, above all others, when we can best recall the memories of the loyal men who have made the old district of Gore famous in the annals of the Dominion. This, too, is the place where, above all others, I can most fittingly call upon you, men and women of Gore, to forget for a few moments the Present, with its absorbing interests and pleasures, and look with me down the " corridors of time " " Ap I siimmnn from the shadowy Pant The iHrniH tliat (mcc liavf liei'ii." The various huuuui forces that have exercised such potent inlUience on the development of Canada have at one time and another met on this historic height, or by the side of the beauteous bay below. The explorer, the missionary, the trader, the coureur-de-hois, the settler, the surveyor, the soldier, the statesman, has each in his turn made his impress on the beautiful district which is inclosed between Niagara, Lake Ontario and Grand River. In 16t)9 that famous gentleman-adventurer of the French regime, R6n6 Robert Cavelier de La Salle, first saw the shimmer of the waters of the bay, then surrounded by virgin forest, just touched by the linger of autumn (') Among his companions were Dollier de Casson, a soldier-priest, who wrote the first history of Montreal, and Galinee, another Sulpitian priest, who was something of a surveyor, and gave to the world 4 mmmm mmmrmfmmmmmm^ ^' i v' ' » vt ," .. ^- l/l rt_ u rj ft ^ ri kJ, ^1 O mm mmmm a journal of his western trip as well as a rude delineation of the Upper Lakes. Galin^'C no doubt owed much to the map (') which was sliown him by the famous Canadian trader, Louis Joliet, whom La Salle and his C( .npanions met at the Indian town of Tinatona, which local antiquarians jilaco about a mile east of Westover, near the eastern boundary of Beverley, a township still rich in relics of the days of Indian occupation. (*) In this interesting map we see clearly out- lined for the first time the l)eautiful bay, so intimately asso- ciated with the prosperity, pleasure and pride of Hamilton. The history of Joliet and La Salle has no further connection with the history of the Heights and Bay ; they separated soon after this memorable meeting at Tinatona to prosecute the dreams which they had of adventures and discoveries in the West. On a Juno day, 1G73, Joliet and Marquette, trader and missionary, glided down the tranquil waters of the Wisconsin into the eddies of the Missi.'s.sippi, which they followed as far as the villages of the Arkansas. Nine years later. La Salle also steered his canoe " I'll."! till' Oliii) !i-iW*^ ««t-^^, m Inlion rather than be faithloHH to that Crown to whicli he had sworn allegiance. While theae events were happening in this district a young lad, long associated in later life with the history of Hamilton, was just entering on a nieinora))le career which lasted for half a century. Allan Napier MacNab, the son of tt Loyalist {''), who served under Colonel, afterward Lieutenant-Governor Simcoe, during the American revolu- tion, was only a schoolboy of thirteen years when he fought by the side of his father on the taking of York by Chauncey and Dearborn. We hear of him next as a midshipman in the fleet commanded by Commodore Yeo, when General Prevost showed his incapacity by ordering a retreat from Sackett's Harbor. Then MacNab left the navy and took service in the British army, which he accompanied in its attack on Fort Niagara and other places on the Niagara frontier. Later, he was engaged in the ignoble retreat of a splendid force of Peninsular veterans from Plattsburg, when the incapable Prevost had victory at any moment within his reach. On the return of peace MacNab studied law and eventually became identified with the fortunes of the town of Hamilton, which came into being soon after the close of the war. During the rebellion of 1837 he led " the men of Gore" to the support of Sir Francis Bond Head, that indiscreet lieutenant-governor of Upper Canada. " The men of Gore " then became an historic phrase, illustrative from that day to this of the loyalty of the people of Wentworth and adjacent counties. The young loyalist fighter of 1812-15 became in the course of time a speaker of the legislature of Upper Canada before 1840, and of the legislature of United Canada, prime minister of the first Liberal-Conservative ministry which came into existence on the fall of the Hincks-Morin 10 ■Mi ^w- ~ I: -I'iilN W l,\ I V(ii|;i li 1. 1. -I ■■■\ i:i:sni: ( ... mmm mmmmm «MWB ~^.-^.^„ mtHttmmttmmmmm* utm n- inm V rioverniueiit in ISoj^ u kni^^lit hiuiliolor, a banmet, iin aido- (lo-oainp (if tli(( QiitHMi, and Hpeakor oT tht; lugislative council. It \B an intoruHtinj; fact, on which I may for one instant dwell, that it wan actually during his adniiniHtration that tliu 'I'oryiHMi of old times— of the diiVH of the rebellion, of the fiimily compact, of the Metcalfe regime — entirely (liHap|)eared nud gave place to that more jfrogresHive spirit which called itself Liheral-ConHcrvative. and settled the vexatious ques- tions of the (Jlergy Reserves, and the Seigniorial Tenure, which had so long perplexed and even weakened the Uef'orm fiovernments, which preceded the new ])olitical movement tiie necessity of which was at once rec(jgnized by the pre- Hoient mind of Sir John Ma«'donald. Memory nnist always cling to the inansiim which is so interesting a feature of the beautiful park, which, from this day, becomes a pleasure ground of the city ,)f Hamilton. Most of you know better than I that the name of Dundurn is a memorial of the old lumie of Sir Allan's family at the head of Loch Earne in the pi ■.'•j^«M- ^■';*t'''*''^/'" ' W to whicli ho had loiiir liocn suhjoct ami all swathed in llaiinel, carried into the cliamluM-orthe assemhh' whore ho was plaoed in a chair. He was ])oriiiitted to speak from his seat when ho ])ractieally made his larewell to the House where he had 1)0011 for so maiiv years a politieal t'oree. The i)art_v with whioli he was allied had I'elt that the time had come for plac- inji at its head a much stroiii;or man, one more oijual to the now conditions of political life, Mr. John A. Macdonald, destined from that time to become the most conspicuous iignre in the public lite oi IJritish North America. Hut Sir Allan was not iireparod to retire from the leadership without a remonstrance on his (K'posit ion ; and I can still recollect the svmpathy witii which his tremulous accents wore received by the lloiiso, when he deprecated a eoudemiiation which would force him into private life, and declare him fit tor nothiii-- else. Tliis .scono recalled a still more momorablo occasion iu I'liglish history— the last apjiearance of the great Kail of Chatham in the House of Lords, wiiou in the height of the American revolution he protested with something of his old tiro '• against the disinomberment of this ancient and most nolile monarchy." To-day as we take possession of Sir Allan's old historic castle— hoiiccforth ii storehouse of scionco. arts and historv — we should not forget its first goiiorous owner. Ho loved this country and its people right well, and they repaid that afVoc- tion by their constant, staunch support through all the vicis- situdes of his political and personal fortunes!. Hamilton in his life-timo, grow from a humble village — sometimes addressed by mail as " Hurlington, near Ancaster"-to a fine city— not so largo or prosperous or beautiful as it is in these days, but still suUiciently im[)ortaiit and handsome to be called forty years ago," the ambitious, stirring little citv." IL' T £-■ oa> ■•'•••.• -•^*T-grm«i^ ' ! rt aai*i*^'^ .n-t^'x fiimrmft''>yn !*•' ^^*«^I:'''W:J5ii;«^'/'' '"*S' V-*>' ■' r .N-'^, ■•■:■•' V^'^ ■.V''^V%. ■^■1»*T IF i !»». I JBES?5f!! - — T i '••'i»--^i(K-»e•'r*"•■•**^■^■'■ Ancasteron the iMoimtain ( ') Inid its ambitions once, but now it is only a place of ruins, redolent of memories. Dundas ("), would you l)elieve it, had also tlie audacity to be the rival of infant Hamilton; but though its commercial supremacy has long ago been a dream, yet the beauty of its situation and surroundings still entitles it to be called a paradise — not simply for sportsmen as in old tunes, but for the gratification of the eye and the pleasures of life. Sir Allan saw all these changes in the city he laved so well, and had his share in bringing to it the railway which had uuich to do with its rapid growth for years. Though his most ardent admirers and friends could never claim that he was a great statesman, yet he possessed qualities which endeared him to his fellow- countrymen, and made him for many years a gretit personal force in public affairs. He had a numly, sympathetic man- ner which invariably made him friends wherever he went. He had none ol the business or economic traits of the canny Scotch race from which he sprang. The expenditure rather than the ac(iuisition, or the saving of monev, was his domin- ant characteristic. He may be called a Canadian Epicurean — Carpe diem, — enjoy life day by da}-, was his motto. To him we could well apply the words of a poet : " Li3t to-morrow lako care of to-mornnv, Li'avi' till' tilings of the fiittnv to Kato, What 's tlio uw to anticipate sorrow ? Lifu'a troubles coiiii' novf r too late. If to hope over nmeli be an error, 'Tis one tliut tlie wise have [ireferri'd ; And how often have hearts been in terror, of evils that never occnrred." Yet even such careless habits do not appear to have weakened his intluence among the iinisses, wlu) are apt to be very indulgent when they see men far above them in station 13 E sometimes show tlie weaknesses of ordinary humanity. One secret of the popularity of the jrreaterman. whose monument stands holow on the prineiiial s(iiiare of Hamilton, was the fact that there was ever ahout him that touch of nature which makes the whole world kin. Though he was great he was also sometimes weak, and men, conscious of their own inllrmities. rememhered that " to err is human," i)ut '' to forgive, divine." Prohahly there was much human teeliug in the complaint of the Athenian, who was tired of hearing Aristides always called just and voted to hanish him for a while from the commonwealth he loved so wtdl. Of course, Sir John Macd(mald and Sir Allan MacNah can never he mentioned in the same category as statesmen, and yet they had ([ualities in common, and ahove all was their devotion to the Crown and Empire. One cau.«e of Sir Allan's success Avith the sturdy men of Gore, down to the close of his political career, was the fact that he was always a faithtul subject (' ) of the Queen, whose Ideal was that of the loyal class from which he had siirung — '-the Ideal" — to (juote the eloipient words of Lecky, the English historian — " of one free industrial and pacific E!mpire, holding the richest plains of Asia in subjection, blending all that was most venerable in ancient civilization with the redundant energies of a yontliful society, and destined to outstrip every competitor and aciinire an indisputable ascendancy in the globe." I should like to refer to other men of Gore, and esi)ecially to my kindly and venerable friend, the friend of all of you, Senator Donald Maclnnes, the latest owner of Unndurn, who was so long identified with the industrial development and public life of this district, — wlioso son has so highly dis- tinguished himself at the ever memorable sieire of Mafekini'- — but the time allotted to me is already exhausted, and I 14 . ^ ••It P- • ??;«ir**>-«'*^ ."% J u^ * V. ', ¥ 0- 4:,i MMMlkl itmmmmmmttmmmmmmi •«■■ 'tt'iTtaf^StiliJ must give place to other speakers, better able than I to delight you by their wit and eloquence. In conclusion lot nie once more take you to the Past. As we stand in this historic place on this Queen's Birth- day, in this memorable year — so memorable for its dominat- ing Imperial spirit— do we not hear the voicesof the Defend- ers and Makers of Canada— Pioneers, Soldiers, Statesmen— ever whispering in our ears ? Do not the voices of Champlain, Frontenac, Montcalm and "Wolfe, call to us from the old capital of New France, where still stands a stately monument, erected in honour of a great Frenchman and a great Englishman, united in death, and united in fame, and emblematic, let us ever hope, of the perpetual union of the two races who own this Dominion ? Do we not hear the voices of the Loyalists of 1783 calling to us from the sequestered and beauteous inlets of the Bay of Quints, where lofty elms alone tell in many places of the pioneer's grave — from the banks of the swift Niagara, where so many weary wanderers found a refuge — from many a lonely grave- yard in the counties of Lincoln, Welland, and Wentworth — from the storm-swept beaches of the Atlantic coast, where the surf ever beats a requiem in memory of the hapless exiles who wept on those lonely shores ? Do we not hear the voices of Brock and the York Volunteers as they dashed up the heights of Queenston ? Do we not hear — do not all true French Canadians in these days of Imperial necessity hear the voices of De Salaberry and his French Voltigeurs amid the bugle-calls and the Indian yells which reechoed, far and wide, through the woods of Chateauguay ? Do we not hear the voices of Vincent, Harvey, and Fitzgibbon on Burlington Heights? Do we not hear, amid the din of musketry, mingled with the roar of the great cataract, the 15 "niWMW mmmmm^-^" ri i nM H y iii m > ywi |i«yi,ry>-'< .«"ji*'-*«'' voices of the Eiisilisli fiiul Ciinadiiiii soldiers led hy Dninnnond on that famous inidsimimer niirht in Lundy's Lane ? Do we not hear the voices of MacNal) and the men of Gore, as tliey set forth to put down treason to the Crown, and save Upper Canada from iMaekenzie's mad effort to win political ri.irhts hv rehellion ? Does not In-lis call to us from the heleaguered walls of Lucknow '.' Williams from the ancient capital of Kars? Parker and Welsford from the trenches of the Kedau ? Do we not hear the shouts of undaunted Cana- dians as they dashed into the trenches at Paardeberu- on the Moilder River? And, alas! do we not hear the sad voice of many a Canadian woi ,an, as she weeps for " her soldier slain " and thiidvs of that grave in South Africa which she will never see ? Do not the voices of Baldwin, Lafontaine, Howe, MacNah, Wilniot, Cartier, and above all of Sir John Macdonald, tell us to continue true to those principles of government which they laid deep and firm in the provinces of this wide Dominion ? But, though we may now hear oidy in imagination the voices of these Makers and Defenders of Canada -of these Pioneers, Soldiers, and Statesmen— their spirit still survives in the deep loyalty of tlie people of the Donunion to the Crown and Empire— in the conlidence with which they are lalwuring to develop the great national heritage which they possess on the American continent. And as I listen to these voices of the past, I recall the verses of an eloquent son of a loyalist, of the Nova Scotian, Joseph Howe, poet, orator and statesniaa : " Not luM-f? Oil, v^■^^, 0111- lu'urls their iinscnci' in-], Virwlfss, nut vouH'k'SS, ir«u\ tluMl.TiifSt sliclls On iiiLMiKirv's shore lianHiini.Mis cchni's sli'id, \i\(l iiiiiiH'.-, whicli in the il;iyH trunc l)y were .-ipi'lls, Are blelil with ihiit s.ifl uiil>ic-. ll ih.Tcihvrll.s Th.' si)irit h.Tc (Hir country's uuiiv to sprciid, Wliil-t cvriv Ill-cast wall joy ami iniiiiiiih swell?, \n.i earlh reverberates to our iii;'a:ureil ireail, , , ,, iianiier aiul wrealli will own our reverence lortlie dead. 10 mmmm wm .-«».«»Mm»«v< "iKwy *« X. ♦(♦ • -^w**^/* ^•- . -^ i-¥ ^■r,*ff,.sm.fimtri^»^^^^tj.,sr^^„ APPENDIX. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL, DESCRIPTIVE AND HISTORICAL NOTES. The District of Goiie. Hiite 1, page S. Tho district of Gore was formed In 1816 out of the Niagara and Home districU by a Lieutenant-Governor of I'pper Canada, who gave it his own name. It consisted of two new counties, named (1) Wentworth, in honour of Mrs. Gore's family name, and (2) Halton, in honour of Governor Gore's private secretary. Mrs. Gore's uncle was the well-known loyalist, Sir John Wentworth, the last royal Governor of New Hampshire, and subsequently Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia. Wentworth originally comprised the townships of Saltdeet (including Hurllngton Beach), Barton (including Bur- lington Heights), Binbrook, Glanford, Ancaster, and so much of the county of Huldimand as lies between Dundas Street and the village of Onondaga, com- monly called Bearsfoot. Halton was composed of the townships of Trafalgar, Nelson, East and West Flamboro', Dumfries, Waterloo, Woolwich, and Nichol, together with the reserved lands in the rear of Blenheim and Blanford. See " Historical Sketch of the County of Wentworth and Head of the Lake," by J. H. Smith (Hamilton, 1897), pp. 76-78. Also an article by H. F. Gardiner in " Pioneers of Oue Hundred Years Ago," edited by Minnie Jean Nisbet (Hamilton, 1900). Of Governor Wentworth, Sal)ine says in " Loyalists of the Araericaja Revolution " (vol. 2, p. HI) : " In my judgment, not one of the public men of the time who clung to tho royal cause will go down to posterity with a more enviable fame." For sketches of his life see : Gardiner's " Nothing but Names," (infra, p. 22) pp. 261-204, and Sabine, as above. His administra- tion of the affairs of Nova Scotia was conspicuous for the general prosperity of the province, and he died respected by all classes and parties, though In his public career he was somewhat unfair to Mr. Tonge, the Liberal leader, of whose opinions as an old Loyalist he was always too suspicious. For intei^ esting accounts of his old home in New Hampshire, read Marion Harland's " More Colonial Homesteads " (New York, 1899), pp. 380 et scq. ■ Drake's "Nooks and Corners of the New England Coast" (New York, 1875), pp. 196 et seq, f 17 '•^f;- wi^^^^v*'*^^^ .■..^Ss^**-*)*..-'.-*^ ♦^^*« . 4 I M La Sam.k's Joium-y to tiik Westkhn Peninsi'la. Nute 2, page 4. il ! I' 1 i glvo below Dr. Wlnsar'B account (" Cartier to Frontcnac," pp. 214-219) of Ui Salle's journnoy of ICOU to Lake Ontario and the Indian villages in the Goro l)islrl<'t : " in following tlio events of the expedition, we must depend upon the Journal vvhiih UalinOe has left, now proHcrved in the great liliraiy at I'arls. The contents of this journal were Hrst made known to American scholars by Mr. O. H. Marshall in 1S74, but the full text appeared later in Margry'a docu- mentary publication. " The object of La Salle waa first to go to Seneca villages, where he hoped to obUiin guides for further progress. The canoes passed Into Lake Ontario, and, following the southern shore, they reached Iroadeijuolt Hay on August 26, l(ifi9. On this same day, Fremin and Garnier, who were hold- ing the Jesuit mission among the Seuecas. left their post for Onondaga to attend a general council of the Jesuits then working in the Iroquois country. It has been suspected that they got word of the landing at Irondequoit and nbsonled themselves conveniently. In order to hanass the Sulpltians by depriv- ing them of the means of communication with the Indians. From the landing. La Salle, Galinfic, and a few others made their way to the mission, only to ilnd that the Jesuits, to whom the letter of I^val accredited them for kind oflices, were gone. What Fremin and his companion had anticipated — If the theory of wilful de*iertion is allowed — was soon apparent, for it does not api)ear that La Salle's acquaintance with the Iroquois tongue was of much service, and the strangers were sadly at a loss in trying to commujii- rate their desire to secure guides. The savages could do nothing but feast the newcomers. They after their own fashion added to the entertainment by putting to the torture a prisoner whom it was supposed they had captured on the bank of the very river of which La Salle was dreaming. What intelli- gent intercounse the French had seems to have been brought about by the aid of a servant of Fremin, whom tliat missionary had left behind, and through him La Salle tried to ransom the poor prisonor, as likely to be such a guide as he wanted, but he could offer no inducement equal to the Joys of torturing. Through the same interpreter the French got new descriptions of a broad prairie land to the south, which stretched a long distance without trees ; and they heard, as Galince's journal tolla us, of a, people who lived in a warm and fertile country, hard by a river which flowed so that it must run ultimately, as was thought, into the Mexican Gulf or the Vermilion Sea. Such were the reports of the yet undiscovered Ohio. " The feasts, in which the visitors shared, resulted in drunken orgies, and the Frenchmen began to be alarmed at the possible dangers of inflamed pas- sions. They had heard, moreover, that there was fartlier to the west a better way of finding this river. All this easily moved them to return to the lake, which they did without mishap. ],S mm ' «ir^»* :f.:-^%,m,7-- " Onco moiG ntloat, the Uttlo llotlUa movoil on towards the setting sun. They passed the Niagara Ulvcr without, entering It, and noted the sound of the distant cataract, and OallnOe's account of It Is perhaps the earliest we have, except from Indian sources. They reached at last the extreme western end of Ontario, anil found welcome at an Indian village." I'l'hlH Is the village called Otlnaoutawa by uallnCe, ajid, according to Mr. U. K. Charlton, of Hamilton, who devoted much study to such subjects, " appears to have been situated on the borders of a small lake In the town- ship of Nelson, iibout ten miles from Hamilton, known as Lake Medad, not far ueyonu Walenlowu," where an Indian ossuary or bone |)lt, and other evidences of the site of a iarge Indian village, have been found. See Smith's • Hisloriial Sketcn of the County of Wentworth,' pp. 34-30. Also ' Went- worth Landmarks.' iiublished by the Spectator Printing Co., Hamilton, 18a7 ; art.. ' Hy Medad's Marshy Shores,' in which Illustrations of Indian relics are ^;niii. 1 now loiuniue Hr. Winsor s lucounl of l«i Salle's adventures.) ■■ Here [at Otlnaouiawal l.a Salle came In contact with a prisoner from the Shawnee tribe held by these villagers, and this man told the French that It was a six weeks' Journey from where they were to the groat river, and that he could lend them there. It was contrived to make this fellow's captors oiler him as a gift, and La Salle gladly accepted him. " Just at this juncture, word came from a neighbouring village [Tlna- tonii. toe iiiirn. note 4| that two l'"reuclimen had arrived there from Lite west. We must go back a little to accijunt for their appearance. " In February, liitii). Talon, who was then In France, Informed Colbert that he had brouglit with him from Canada a young voyageur who felt confi- dent of finding a way tiom Lake Huron eitlior to the South Sea or to Hudson's Bay, and that the man had already gone to a greater distance west than any one else, and was ready to go still farther. This was Per*5, a frequent figure In these western explorations, and when Talon shortly after returnecl to Canada, Per6 was with him. With Colbert's countenance, the intendant was prepared to make new efforts to probe the secrets of the west. Plans were soon made, and .lollet, then at the settlements, together with Pere, was sent with the chief object of discovering the deposits of copper near Lake Superior, of which there liad been many stories alloat. He was also expected to dis- cover if there wiis not a way of liringiiig the ore to Quebec bettor tlian that by the DILawa route, with its laborious portages. Colbert had not failed to make Talon understand that to discover and make merchantable at a protlt such copper deposits was of more importance than to tiiul any passage to the South Sea, and for some time after this Talon fed the ministerial cupidity with such stories as he could gather of huge lumps of copper lying exposed on the shores and islands of Lake Superior. " It now turned out that the Frenchmen whom La Salle found to be in his vicinity were .Toliet and his companion, on their return from this coppei^ seeking expedition. La Salle and .loliet were not long in establishing friend- ship, and the young explorer, who was not far from the age of La. Salle, had much to say that Interested the other. Joliei told these new friends about 11) H^ir m^m «■-■ •w *«*ap=«^^ «*^»,. "- ■ ~^Sn»Wf '?T»W'. 1 hlH journt'y, iiiul lliough, as It Boomed, lie won not to carry buck to the Inten- (Innl any t'xi.niviiKiiiit liopeB iiliout copper, lio could tell lilm of a now way which he had opened for the growing conininnlcullonn Willi the went. Ho hud descended the Htralt which led from Huron to lOrle, and had fo ■ the first time foUowwl euHlward Iho northern hIioio of that lake. KcarliiK If he mn- llnucd to Its outlet by the NlaBura Ulver that he would encounter the Iroquois, Jollet had liirned up the valley of the tlrund Hlvar,— an ullluont on Itg nortlieni shore,— ami by this route had struck the shores of Ontario near Its western extremity. Ho exhibited to l.a Salle a maj) which ho had made of his route, extendluR In Its most western limit (o the land of the I'ottawatla- mlos and other more remote tribes, which the mlHSlouarles had not yet reached. This map appealed more lo Ihe SulpilluiiK iluiu It did to l.a Salle, who was little Inclined to abandon his purpose of llndliig a more direct BDUth-wcstern route. " So It was resolved that the party going west should be divided, anil the two divisions parted company, not without some sarcusni on (lallnee's side, who would have us believe that l.a Salle's determination to stay bcdiliid waa quite as much due lo an Illness brought on by the sight of some rattlesnnkos as by any choice of route, lleforo separating, however, they all Joined In the celebration of mass, and then the Sulpltlans ti>ok the trail to the Grand River and Lake Erie, as they had learned It from .loUet." Oaunee'8 Map. Note 3, page 5. WInsor, in " Narrative and Critical History of America," vol. IV., p. 205, says with respect to this subject : " The map of Gaiin6e, says Parkman (' La Salle,' p. 4r)0), was the earliest attempt after Champlaln to portray the great lakes. AbbO Faliion, who gives a reproduction of this map (' Uistolre de ia Colonio Fran(;alse,' vol. HI., p. 305), says It is preserved In the Archives of the Marine at Paris, but Harrisse (Notes, etc., No. 200) could not And it there. There is a copy of it, made in 1850 from the original at Paris, in the Library of Parliament at Ottawa (Catalogue, 1858, p. 1015). Faillon (vol. HI., p. 284) gives much detail of the Journey, for the Sulpltlans were his heroes ; and Talon made a report (N.Y. Col. Docs., iX., (Hi) ; b'lt the main source of our Information is Galinee's Journal, which is printed, with other papers appei^ talning, by Margry (vol. I., p. 112), and by the Abb6 Verreau for the His- torical Society of Montreal In 1875. An English translation of part of it la given In Mr. O. H. Marshall's ' First Visit of La Salle to the Senecas In 16G9, which was privately printed in 1874." Kaillon's reproduction of the map also appears in " The Country of the Neutrals." by J. H. Coyne (St. Thomas, Ont., 1895), and " The History of the Early Missions in Western Canada," by Dean Harris. Dr. WInsor in his book, " Cartler to Frontenac," pp. 220, 221, also says with reference to this earliest map of the upper lakes ; " One of the marked ilM . r ' ■♦*" •■ fc ^" ^ "%**" fuatuiea u( tho Uulluto niiip Ih a skotuli of tbo iinrtheni shore of Lake lilrie, nnver before roiiiprchondnl, mid honcoforwurtl tlid narrow rlvt-r of (Jlinru- plain waH lo kIvo place lo RoniplliInK llkii un adoquaie conception of tlilu luHi of tlio Uruat l.akcH lo l>e mapped. It Ib somewhat Burprlaing tu And au entire absence of tho Strait* of Mackinaw, and apparently MIchlKan and lliiroQ are made one expunHo. It Is also clear that Uulln^e bad not yet sur- mlsul what tho Jesuit map of Lake Superior was so soon to make clear, that the great water beyond the Sault Ste. Marie was larger than the Mer Douce, on the bltber Bide of that strait." TlNATOHA. Note 4, page 6. Mr. J. H. Smith In his " Historical Sketch of the County of Wentworth," p. 31, gives a valuable review of sites of old Indian villages discovered In Wentworth. " About a mile ciust of Westover," ho says, " In the 6th Con- cession of Uevorley, Is the site of one of the most Important of these Indian towns. No traces, however, of tho remains of any palisade have been found ; from which fact ve would Infer that It had not been fortified. On an adjoin- ing bill a number of burial pits have been discovered. These have been very thoroughly searched, and many valuable relics obtained. General John S. Clarke, of Auburn, Now York, a distinguished student of Indian history, identlflea this place as the Indian town of Tlnatona, celebrated as the meet- ing-place of La Salle and Jollet In 1669." RoDERT Land and RiniAnn Deabley. Note 6, page 6. An Interesting sketch of the lite of " Robert Land, the U.E. Loyalist " Is given In a pamphlet entitled " Souvenir Book and Programme for Military Encampment, given by the Ladles' Committee of tho Wentworth Historical Society, November, 1895." This sketch la written by J. H. Land, ai descen- dant of the Loyalist pioneer at " tho head of the lake." " About the year 1785," says Mr. J. H. Smith (" Historical Sketch of the County of Wentworth," p. 48), "Mr. Richard Beasley, who carried on quite an extensive trade with the Indians, laid claim to the land where Dundurn Park Is now situated. Ho also pre-empted the adjoining property, known as Beasley's Hollow, aud afterwards erected a mill on the stream flowing Into Coote's Paradise. On his monument in the churchyard of Christ Church Cathedral, Hamilton, the following Inscription Is found : ' In memory of Richard Beofllcy, ISsquire, who departed this life on the 16th day of February, 1842, aged 80 years and 7 months— the first settler at the Head of the Lake.' " Mr. Smith adds that Mr. Robert Land " waa certainly among the very earliest 21 ■ m Bi n ^1 ■MMkViiMI^ l»A^,4>^^««fa»A>9MM mil rrrmn "^-^ -^~^. '~^-i-..~n-:^ settlers at the 'head of the lake '—it not actually the first." Mr. Smith la his Interesting essays mentions the names of other pioneers in Wentworth. Origin of the Names of Uartom a?id Hamilton. Note 6, page 7. Mr. Herbert Kairbairn Gardinor, M.A., in his interesting book, " Nothing but Names : An Inquiry into the Origin of tiie Namee of the Counties and Townships of Ontario" (Toronto, 1S99), tells us that "George Hamilton, In 1813, divided a portion of hia farm, lot 15 in the third Concession of Uarton, into building lots, and his surname w;is given to the village thus brought Into being." The name of Harton — the township in which Hamilton is situ- ated — " is copied from a town in Lincolnshire, England, because the Canadian county of Lincoln, at the time the township was named [by Governor Simcoe In 1791], extended from the Niagara River to the Dundas Creek (Desjarding Canal), taking in Barton and all the west of the present south riding of Wentworth." See pp. 2G6, 274 of the same work. Mr. E. B. Biggar, in an article on tlie battle field of Stoney Creek and its environments iltiimiUun Spictiitnr, .June, 1873), gives the following descrip- tion of the site of the present city of Hamilton as far back as 1813 : — " As near as I have been able to ascertain, the ground on which the city of Hamilton now stands was then owned as follows : George Hamilton, after whom the city was named, owned 200 acres south of the road — whicli ia iiov.' King Streot, and oast of James Street. Bounding this on the north, and extending from James to Wellington Streets, was Hughson's farm, whoso name is still preserved in Huglison Street. These two farms wore bounded on the west by the property of William Wedge ; and on the east by the farms of Ephraim and Colonel Robert Land. Though these were called farms, nothina grew on them but a low undergrowth, indicative of mai-shy ground, palled ' scrubby oak.' A man named Barns kept tavern in a small frame house on the present corner of King and James Streets, and was said to own 100 acres of land somewhere in that part. This old signk'ss frame tavern may be said to havo been the germ and lieginning of the city of Hamilton. These buildings enumerated, planted in the midst of an unknown forest, like 80 many islands in an ocean, were all that then was of Stoney Crook and Hamilton^a name then unknown as a locality. That part of Hamilton now known as ' Dundurn Castle ' was termed the Heights as well as the high land on the other side of the canal. On the grounds around the site of the Castle, and in other places entrenchments were cut and trooL felled for some distance around, with their branches pointing outward, as a sort of vhrniux rf( frisr, traces nf which may yet be seen In the present cemetery. Ard behind these entrenchments was Vincent's camp." See also " History of the Barton Lodge " (Hamilton, 1895), which contalna some interesting historical Incidents of the district under consideration. ^>*l .. .:? ■ J' '.f ■ ,"► -.fr-** ij,' - * ^»r-^- .-.-,- BUBLINOTON HEIOUTB. Note 7, page 7. Mr. Gardiner has written the following interesting letter in answer to some queries put to him by tho author of the address : " The name of Geneva Lake was changed to Burlington Bay by proclama- tion of Lieutenant-Governor Simcoe in 1792, while he was In the mood that caused him to call Niagara Newark and Toronto York. His Idea probably was to complete the resemblance to the surroundings of Flamborough in York- shire, as described in the Edinburgh aazrtUrr of 1822, page 688: 'Burlington, or Bridlington, situated on a bay called Burlington Bay, formed by Flam- borough Head, which Is about five miles distant, nearly N.E.' The location of Flamborough Head In our township of East Flamborough, which In Governor Slmcoe's time belonged to the County of York, precisely corresponds with this description. I see also, In an old atlaa of England, that outside of Burlington Bay was a beach, called Smlthnick's band, thus completing the resemblance. The heights here were named after the bay, and the village of Burlington at the north end of the Beach was called Wellington Square, until about the year 1874 or 1875. " The Gore in Hamilton was named on account of Its shape ; at least, the oldest Inhabitants think so. The Gore District was named after Francis Gore in 1816 ; Wentworth County after his wife (Annabella Wentworth, daughter of Thomas Wentworth, who was a brother of Sir John Wentworth, Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia) ; Halton County after William Halton, Governor Gore's Secretary. Gore Bank and Gore Street, in Hamilton, were called after the district. The park was not at first Intended to be gore- shaped, but rectangular. King Street was a road following the old Indian trail from Niagara to Ancaster. George Hamilton gave, but did not deed, a portion of land south of King Street toward a public square ; Nathaniel Hughson agreed to give an equal portion from his farm north of King Street, the two grants to extend four blocks from James to Mary Street. Hughson did not keep his promise (hence the shape), and Hamilton's son tried to get back the land his father had given. " Long before anything was done to make a park of it, the ' wilderness ' was called the Gore. Mr. Beasley and Major O'Reilly say It was so described sixty years ago. In the Statutes of Canada, 16 Vict., chap. 33 (10 November 1852) you will find : ' Whereas in the original survey of the City of Hamilton, a vacant space of triangular form, and known as ' the Gore ' of King Street, was left for the purpose of a public square,' etc. It seems to have been simply ' the Gore,' like the Gore of Townsend, Gore of Camden, Gore of Ancaster, etc. " Sir Allan McNab was buried lu that walled enclosure In Dundurn grounds. Mr. Beasley, city clerk, aud others were at the funeral, and remem- ber it, and some younger men have looked at the grave. There was danger of a row at the funeral, the late Dean Geddes (Church of England) and the late Bishop Farrell (Roman Catholic) both claiming the right to officiate ; but the Hon. John HlUyard Cameron Induced the Orangemen and other Protestants to go away peaceably." 23 mmmtii>mm»mmmmmmmmmmmmmea>Hi0mmmmmi-mml*mmmmmmimttimtUmlmmmimttmmt>ll I refer elsewhere (infra, p. 30) to the melancholy circumstances of Sir Allan's last hours on earth, which caused much excitement In Canada, as iulimated by Ar. Gardiner. I cite the following description of the Heights from Kingsford's " History of Canada," vol. Vlll., p. 268 : " Vincent's force, increased by the detachments from Fort Erie and Chippewa, by two companies of the 8th and by a small body of seamen of the Royal Navy, under Capt. Barclay, on the ioUowing morning marched to Bur- lington Heights. The ground that he occupied embraced much of the western part of the present Cemetery and included Harvey Park, also a portion of Dundurn Park, the residence of Senator Mclnnes. The main road, generally speaking, followed what is now King Street, easterly, and westerly to Lock Street. At that time it branched off to the north-west and was the road followed to York (Toronto). It passed through the ground on which IJundurn House is built, till it reached the height overlooking the bay, whence it continued on the high ground for some distance along the side of the lake. This road, which formed the eastern boundary of the camp, was within a short distance south of the present entrance to Dundurn. The western line was traced on the summit of the height in the cemetery, and was continued to the crown of the descent to the bay. Some earthworks interlaced with fallen trees are still traceable. The position was admirably chosen. It was in connection with the bay which it commanded, where there was good anchorage. Its situation on the height, not easily ascended, rendered it per- fectly defensible with a sufficient force. To the east it commanded the line to some extent cleared where the main streets of Hamilton are now to be found. Vincent here established himself to await orders from Quebec." Sto.ney Creek. Note 8, page 8. For account of battle of Stoncy Creek, see Kingsford's " History of Canada," vol. VIII., pp. 27()-2SC. Kingsford agrees with Miss Fitzgibbon that the name of " Stoney Creek " was given to the locality from one Edmund Stoney, referred to in the records as one of the early settlers. Through the energetic efforts of Mrs. John Calder, President of Women's Wentworth Historical Society, the old Gage Homestead — in which Brigadiers Chandler and Winder were captured by Harvey — and four and one-half acres of land, have been purchased for the use of the public. The old house has been repaired and fitted up with quaint furniture of the beginning of the century. See note to Kingsford, vol. VIII., p. 277, for a brief sketch of this historic house and battle field. James Gage, the owner of the house In 1813, was grandfather of Mrs. Calder. 24 — »yiW Mt«' »^»- i^y ■MMaHMI MMMMMHtti Lauiia Secori). Note 9, page 8. The vorse cited in the address Is from a spirited poem by Miss Ellen IVIurray, of St. John, N.B., the grand laughter of a Loyalist. See •' Makers of Canada," by the present writer, Ciiitinliaii Mmja-iiir for June, 189!), wliere the pooiu Is given iu full. I.aura Set'.ord v.as the daughter of Charles lugersoll, a Loyalist, and married to a man f>f the same class. See Kingstord, vol. VIIL, pp. 2.su-:;!)5. A movemeui is in progress to raise a suitable monument to this Canadian haroine. Cul.O.NLI, FlTZGinUON. Note 10, page 9. The reader is referred to "A Veteran of 1812 " (Toronto, 1894), by Miss Mary Agnes Fitzgibbon for a most readable and accurate account of the battle of Beaver Dams, and of the services of Colonel Fitzgibbon, the grandfather ol tln' autlioix-.!d that which attacked It, by which it was driven back to seek refuge In Fort George, awoke conlldence. determination, and self-reliance which were never lost. The character of the war changed from that day. It will be seen that the nritish even became the attacking party, and on the Xiag^.ra frontier successfully assailed the whole line of the Fnlted States territory to liuffalo in retaliation for the wanton injuries which had been inflicted upon Canada. •■ Vincent behaved most generously to Harvey, to whom bo left the entire direction of the movement. He. however, led the main body from the heights to join his detachment. In his despatch ho acknowledged great obligations to his lieutenant, adding that from ' the first moment the enemy's approach was known, be watched his movements and afforded me the earliest informntion. To him, indeed. I lira Indebted for the suggestion and ptp.n of (>perations ; nothing could be more clear than his arrangements or more compkte'y successful than the rrstilt.' " Sin Ai.i AX N.\rTF;i! M.\cX.\i!, Baiit. Note 12, page 10. My readers will find biographical sketches of Sir -Mian MacNab In Appleton's " Cyclopjsdla of American Biography" (New York); Rattray's "Scot In British Nortb America," vol. II., pp. 347, 632; Dent's "Canadian Portrait Gallery " (Toronto, 1881), vol. IV., p. 73; Vaimdlnii llimc Joiininl for December, ISilS (art. by Miss Nisbet) ; but the most interesting and readable sketch is that written in " Portraits of British Americans" (Montreal, 18C7), by William Notmau, with biographical sketches by Fennings Taylor, Deputy Clerk of the Legislative Council of Canada for many years, who kn 3W this distinKuislicrt Canadian intimately, and could appreciate better than most men his personal qualities. I give the following extracts from this valuable series of portraits, not now generally accessible except in public libraries : " To a soldierly frankness of demeanour, suited to the martial tastes which he Uioro especially affected, there were added numerous physical advantages whose inlluence can scarcely be exaggerated ; like the milk maid in the ballad, ' his face was his fortune.' His figure was on excellent terms with his face. He possessed a handsome person, a dignified manner, a grace- ful address and a voice pleasantly attuned to the pitch of heartiness in which truLh commonly finds expression. In his youth he indulged the privilege of youth, for he not only rejoiced in his strength but he had great strength to rejoice in. He was courageous and active, bold and outspoken, with a hand to vindicate what his tongue uttered. No dilliculty deterred him. and no labour distressed him, for he possessed audacity enough to grapple with the one and determination enough to overcome the other. He was generous alike in his thoug'its and in his actions ; he put confidence in others and never lacked confidence in himself. " His deficiencies of knowledge were supplied by tact ; and when the latter was unequal to the duty, there remained some convenient covering qualities to fall back upon in the forms of temerity, and a stock fund of racy assurance which, though of little actual worth to ordinary men, were turned to noteworthy account through the adroit'^ess of one who certainly was not an ordinary man. Thus his unequalled self-possession, or what the his- torical woman who was privileged to sell oranges within the walls of the parliament building c.tlled his ' pretty impudence,' became powers, when the same auxiliaries in abler men would have proved impediments. He trusted more to address that experience had improved, than to knowledge which taste had not cultivated. He did not darken counsel with any originality of argument, or embarrass his judgment with any superfluity of reasoning. He sought to carry his point as a statesman, in the same way in which he had carried positions as a soldier. The military bearing, the free speech, and the strong hand which had befriended him in his youth, were not aban- doned In his prime. Arguments which might be best exemplified in action were precisely those which he was most skilful in using. He knew wherein he excelled and wherein he did not excel, and this self-knowledge instructed him that there was a time to be silent as well as a time to speak, a time when Ignorance could be pleasantly concealed by an eloquent gesture or an expressive wink, but when it might be uncomfortably exposed by more intel- ligible language. Silence was valuable aa the casket is valuable, because tt was regarded as the covering of something sufficiently precious to Justify for Itfi concealment a costly enclosure. With such powers were prominently -»v- ^ •:./.: (rrf>*«fc ^ • allied one uuiiuebtiuiiiible peculiarity, (lie offspring alilie at tbuiperamout and of goiiiuB. Ho raioly saw (illHoiiItlps and lie novcr iloeniod them to bo insur- niuuniaOlo. liis inslintt Ktoined to liil'Drm him how llioy ciiiild ho ovcToome ovon when ho was not ahlc to explain hy what procoBS. ThU bright I'aoiiUy of alwiiyg seeini; an utitrDiiliird hurl/on, of botn;; able to tnisit In liifl luck when he loiild not rely on liiii caitiilalloiiB, enabled liliu to Kain the eoufl- dence, and In a wonderful decree to liilUicnoc the course of men who were certainly his siiieriois in all else than in what we may deHcribe as force of character. lUit with those natural talents, popular laaunors aud a deter- mined will there wore associated einbarrasslnR taatea— tnstea which, though too exhaustive for his nieaUH, seemed lo be essential to his lia|)ijino!.d. iliu nature was wrought of sunshine and geniality. It was hia custom to aay ' that he had lived every day of his lite,' and no one would have challenKod his statement had he added that he frccjuontly foresiuiled to-morrow that he might enjoy to-day. The inconvonloncc of such a practice was, tliere is reason to believe, very seiisibly felt by him through life ; but at the outnot of his career his generous and jovial llspDhiliuu aided a determination wh!cU incidently made him what ho was. " His nature abounded in noble qualities and his opinions were an gen- erous as ills nature. His temper, though occasionally warm, was iiivurlably good. His In^'piratlon, therefore, was not derlveil from resentmnit, for he nirely spoke with tin angry brow. He was t(derant towards the conscleu- tlwus scruples of otlur mcu. and was not painfully excited by the w.iyward- uess or diversity of l:uman opinion. Ho was only exacting when such opinions were subversive of order and government, and especially when they meiiaced the supron^.acy ot the Britl.'di Crown in Canada, or threatened to disturb the political connection of these provinces with the parent state. In such in- stances he neither gave nor expected quarter. With all the energy of which he was capable, ho would stamp out every treasonable sentiment and put down every treasonable per.'- The loyalists, with whom he sympathise*! and whose opinions ho sharcn, had foup'.t for a foothold iu America ; and he thoroughly agreed with them in neir deteiTninatlon to keep what they had acquired. Neither should It be overlooked that It lay within the means of the malcontents If they liked not the rule of monarchical hjngland to cross the border and enjoy that of republican America. He was too ardent a lover of rational liborty to destroy the only asylum wliorein such liberty had taken refuge in the western world. " But the principles of those chivalrous men [the Loyalists] had been fought for by hiE father, and were inherited by him ; moreover, such prin- ciples had boon tested anew In his experience and baptized afresh in his endeavours. His personal participation in the war of 1S12 supplied the bond which united hlra with ,and enabled hlra to become an authority among the veterans of that period. To have been a militiaman in those perilous days, was hlB glory and his pride. To vindicate the ch.nrncter of that heroic force, to eulogize its resources, to i)romote its o:i4.inizalioii and incicase its o3i- dency, were with him labours that he jealously loved. Objects as dear to his heart as they wore necessary for the state. Every kind of militia gather- ■ 4* - ^ *%<■*■.— n '' ^ »iJfc-w>i- > '^'^* ■' ■* M < fa - » i m ■' !• '•. Mn »'"C '■J H,( I ''^' in i'l ■MMaa^i^aiitfMaa Mi*lAaaiMM ■■ isg was attractive to hlui. Ho wouia attniid the Irroguliir iuiihiim' of the rank HUil IIU- ot thu loiinly wlili us much iippart^iit roUttli as lie would piejiao ul buiuf cuiumt'iiiorimvi' IjiUKniol. Ho would tdiutr llu' young, who hud novtsr aeon n uliot lirid in uhkit, with nw niucli zchi iih Iw would chat Willi tlio old whoHe iiiccioUH rwolleilloUB wore covoroU with blood. Ho led tho mllltla- uiun'B ' Throe times throo for the liuieu, (!od hloHH her,' with uh truo a heart niid as ringiiiK a voice uh ho dranit in Bileiicc to thu memory of those who hud fallou in light when GeorBo Third was king. Ho synipalhizod as heartily with youth in Its determination to defend what it poswoHHed, as he did with age in its UeBiro to revere wiiat It remombored. The chords of Joy luul sorrow Were oasily reached, for his aoiil was vei-y gennlt)ly attuned to both. He had Joy for hope and grief for memory. The young men liked him booauBo >.iih tlii^m he was always young, and the old men liked him because In rccAll- iDg their rccoUoctlonB lie seemed to rovivo their youth and make them oblivious to the havoc of time. He knew how to tell, as well as how to lltten to old stories ; and this interchange of ane<'dote and Incident would either ' w;,l;e the welkin' wIMi liuishter and thus make mirth lunKlcal, op oi>eu afresh tho sluices of grief while tears like the dew of yesl.'rnl);lit \vould fall afresh on tho unlorgotton battlo-llelds of Caniulii. Thus It was tli.it .Miic.\ab's Inlluenco, laUliig Its rise In rympnthy and service, In common sufferings and common triumphs, was rooted and grounded In the very soil. U grow aroiuid the early settlements, and with vine-like beauty united the early Bettlers of the country with hira. To them he was the heroic soldier of 1SIL' ; the eour- nireoiis standard-bearer of the old flag and the fast friend of tlie mllltla. "They enquired not whether his attainments were equal to his fame, whether his parts corresponded with his beauties, or whether the political needs of the Province liad not outgrown his ability to deal with them. Being plain men, neither fancy thinkers nor economists, neither philosophers or statesmen, they were content to be rei)resented by one of themselves, a fearless militia man, a thorough loyallpt, and a ' wholesnul'd ' nrltlsli subject. Tlius borne into parliament on the broad shoulders of the yeomanry, MacNab wt; alwayi; upheld by the broad shoulders on which he had been borne. Through all the fluctuations of his country's history, the new combinations of parties and the various transitions of politics from one orbit to another, he found his iiosltion ,as a member, and his place in the House, equally well recognized and estiiblislied. The good understanding between himself am'. his constltutonts continued to the last ; for though the electors of Hamilton belonged to a class somewhat different to the freeholders of Wentwortb, they took a similar view of their candidate and clung to him, as they had much reason to do, with similar steadfastness." Sir Allan MacNab's eldest daughter was married In IS,').') to the Right Honourable Viscount Dury, who was civil secretary to a Governor-General of Canada, and subsequently became the Flarl of Albemarle. He was the author of tho "Exodus of the "Western Nations" (London, 1855). lie died In 1S04, and was succeeded by hi.'; eldest son. Arnold Allan Cecil, who la the iih Earl, and grandson of Sir Allan MaeNab. Sir Allan's second dfiughtcr was rrnrrled to a son of Sir Domlnick Daly, for years identified with Cana- $<< .\liiu inililU- HlTiilm, iiiul ii Inollior of llio vv.v.nil l.loiKiMmiit iJoviMiun- ot Ni'vii Siollii, Slv Miiliu'liy U. Hilly. Sir Allan s only sou. liy his lh»t umirlilgo, iiii'UloiiliiUy »lu>t lilmtiolf \vlilU> :i hul Sir Allan .Uol on ihi' sih Aimnsi. isr.;. al llu' am- of iM yoare ami six moiillis. Ui llu' oM iuan.-.lou of lMiu,linu Soiiu' mvsl.-ry appiviirs lo Hiiri'ouml hU iloadilH'il. Alllunii'.li li" ha.l Im'.'U always a uu-iulwr of the Aiu-,lUan iMiiiifli, \w vc.-i'lvi'il llir lasl oIlUi's of i-.'llc.ioi\ fioiii llu' liaii.la of ii Uoiiuiii I'HtliolU" 11Ib1uu> JiiBt as lil» soiil \va» alum! lo l.'avr lis caitlily ulioll. ami was sMlisoiUK'iilly ImhI.'.I anonlln^ lo llio vK.-s of lliat riuiivh. Muvh oxvlti'- iiicMit waa I'aiisi'il liv llu' rliiiimsiaiici'a of i1\1h t of lln> I'anaillaii slat.-snian. l>iil II la UUr lo n-opi'ii llio slory now. aiiil 1 shall only i<'l<'i' "«' '"Houa roailm- lo Ihi' nan-allv<> of Uont aUil KonnliiKs Taylor. In Iho wovils of Iho lalU'i- : " I'h.' inyslcMy of lhosi> la.il days will no( bo mnilo oloar lo ns : wo mnat \h' lOiilcnl lo sian k<'iiI1v.' aiul not prosnmo lo pass Jmlnnionl on wlial wo van now soo only In navl, and whal lii'vadviMililio In Ihla llfo w.- ran iicvor nud.Msl.uiil innfoi'tly." ■ Who nia.li' Iho tioarl 'lis Ho alono I'o.i.lo.Uy oau liy ns llo Knows oaoh ohoiil Us \ailon» lono. i:aoh sinlnn Us vaiions Mas ; 'I'hon al Iho halaiiio lol's ho mnlo, Wo novor oan ailjnsi II ; Whal's (lono wo imrlly may ooniimlo, lint know not what's losUil. .1." N> A:ni'\si'fh. 1:1. iia^o i;i. Anoaslor Is Iho naino of N>lh a vUlano and township In Iho historic oounty of Wontwoilh. Mi-. Oardtnoi- ("Noihlnn hnl Nanios." p. ::i'.;.) Ii'lla lis thai llio naino wiui kIvoii In honour of " Iho parish of Anoaslov In l.ln oolnshlio. whloh Is slluatod on Iho jiVivil lionian iM»d. oallod lOiniln Sl.vool. and hoais sIimiik ovldoiu-o of having hooii a Uoman station ; many anihoi-s uulto lo tlx tUoro Iho aiioloiil I'ansorino of Aiilonlnns. " Hi MlMN.IMl S OK ANiASVKU .\M> HlM'.KS. Nolo II. pane Kl. Wo tliid In '■ I'lolnioscino Canada. " vol. L'. pp ■ir.O-ir>'.\ tho followiiiB ploasliiK aii'oniil of Ihoso old plaii's In Wonlwovlh, ny ,1. Howaid llunlor. MA. " IHiiidas was tho most daiiKorons ilval of llainlltoii In tho vaoo for ciini niorilal proomlnoiuo. Uiil Aiuiislor was sllll oarllor In tho Hohl. and at ono .SO time was the centre ot commerce, manutacturea, and postal communicatioa for the whole district. In his pedestrian tours through the Western Penin- sula, Governor Sinitoe would extend his already prolonged march in order to enjoy the cheer and bright inglo-eide o£ his Ancaster inn. As the fruit of Simcoe'B tours, we have the great military highway which he drew and intended to open from Pointe au Baudet on the St. Lawrence, through Kingston, York (Toronto), the Head of the Lake (Uundaa), Oxford (Wood- stock), London, and so to the Klver Detroit. This great i-oad he named ' Dundiii Stnot,' after Henry Dundas, Viscount Melville, wiio during Simcoe's governorehip was secrelary-at-war in the Duke of Portland's cabinet. From this street, which still at Dundas is called ' The Governor's Road,' the town took its present name. The vast marsh, which occupies the lower part of the picturesque Dundas valley, was a noted resort for water-fowl, and the military officers stationed at York (Toronto) revelled in the sport that it afforded. Early In the centui-y. Captain Coole, of the Kighth or King's Hegi- ment. devcied himself to this sport with so much enthusiasm that, by a well-aimed double-barrelled pun, which brought down at once both the water fowl and the sportsman, the marsh was nicknamed ' Coote's Paradise.' Dy extension, the name was applied to a village that clustered around the upper end of the marsh, and thus in our earliest parliamentary records we cncoun- tar petitions from ' Coote's Paradise,' and legislation based thereon. " Recent geologists tell us that some (eons ago the water of the upper lakes discharged, not over the precipice at Niagara, but swept in a majestic tide down the strath of Dundas ; and that the great marsh and Hurlington Bay are but the survivals of this ancient epoch. Among the early burgesses of Dundas was one Pierre Desjardins, who, like the mighty canal-digger, Losseps, did a good deal of original tliiuking fur himself and for others. He saw the trade of the Western Peninsula falling in a thin cascade over the mountain at Am'astcr, Grinu.-liy and the rtsl ; rli liifii, iitcs uinix, why not turn the whole current of that trade down this ancient water-way of the Dundas Valley ? ' So Peter went to work, dug his canal the whole length of the marsh, and wound it around Burlington Heights, which was easier than carrying it through. The Great Wotiteru Railway presently began its embankments, and, by arrangement with that great mound-builder, the Desjardins' canal pierced the Heights. The remains of a mammoth were disinterred, startling the Irish navvies with the coni-idoration, ' What game- bags the sportsmen in the ouid times must have had ! ' " With the opening ot the Desjardins and Burlington Canals the keenest rivalry began between Dimdas and Hamilton, old Ancaster looking down amusedly at this race from her seat on the mountain. The odds seemed in favour of Dundas until the opening of tlie Groat Western Railway, with headfiuarter.s at Hiviniitou. The race was then over ! Soon the water-weeda t>egan to encroach on the Desjardins Canal, and the very name was begin- ning to get unfamiliar, when the frightful accideut ot the 12th of March, IS.'iV [which the present writer can well recall, as he was then al Trinity College, Toronto], gave the place a renewed and a most tragic interest. The afternoon passenger train from Toronto, after entering on the drawbridge 1^«>, l,.'^' tlaat .panned the canal at Burlington Heights, was heard to gve a piercing Bnriok!and a moment a£ter.vardB was seen to crush through the bri ge and plunge into the canal forty feet below. The evening was bitterly co d All through the night and through the next day. and next night, the d .let, 1 t^sVproceeded of breaking up the sunken car. aa.i n..moving tUe -- hee<. less passengers. What spectral vision o£ death the engineer. DurnfleUl, aw before him on the bridge when he sounded that piercing cry -- no ve, ,« known ; for, with a heroism worthy of Curtius and old Rome, he plunged with his iron steed into the abyss. , v, , „u„,.t.,i ' the • When it became apparent that railroad enterprise had altc.ed the manifest destiny ' of Dundas, the town wisely devoted itself to manufactures rather than to navigation, selecting those manufactures wh,ch form the g oat staples of commerce and the prime movers of industry-cotton manuacture. paper manufacture, the building of engines and boilers, the making of wood- working machinery, of carding machines, and of steel and iron l^ools f.om the axe to the giant lathe. A fraternal relation has been established with ts old commercial antagonist, Hamilton, by the laying o^ a steam tramway now an electric railway In 19U0J. No vicissitude of fortune can deprive nmdas of the greatest of her ancient glories, and that is hor glorious .c"er> whch involuntarily brings every tourist to his feet as the train ^wTi along the mountain terrace. Since the day. more than two centuries ago when La Salle, first of Kuropeans. gazed upon this scenery-the ravine, the 'neighbouring cascades, the whole valley-there ha^ been but one verdict, and against that ver.lict Dundas need fear no appeal." Some interesting sketches of Ancaster and Dundas can be read in W ent- worth Landmarks," " Pioneers of One Hundred Years Ago." and " P-'og'-an.me for Military Encampment," already mentioned in these notes. The first pamphlet contains a number of illustrations of old landmarks and buildings in both places. 1 k.':i&ju;>iiiiMiillaki fir -^-11-1 -tki iSt IMITATION OF YORKSHIRE. • Did .voii ever wonier how aud why. .the nanie Burllnyton cama to be ap- |>liB:l tu pl.i'j;!i in this vicinity? It ^ on record that the liiame of Geneva, Lalie \v.\ci ch.xfugsd to Euriin^ton Bay, b.v proiJluiaatioii uf fxovernor Siiacoe, date;1 July JO, 179-'. Thn iieishts, th^ ,*)€!aRli^ tile caiKil an.l Ihr; village tools; their ri.inia i/f Uurliiii?fcon from thej, bay. But what put it into Governor; Simcof's he.TJ to ui'opt thij word Rur- lington instead of Geneva, and to call^ tlie little Lake at the M-rsteni end. of Lib.^ Ontario a bay? It will be rcnienU/nrei thai Governor .Slmcoe ,wiaM Fond of Engiisli names. He called; Ninpc'^riv Nevvarlc and Toronto York^ He fj;avn tJio rrnao of York County; to all the district e.vtending froni the township of Darlington in Diir- !iani to the Indian lands on the Graadl River, anl then gave Yorkshire, .names, hucIi as Whitby, Pickering, Scarl>orou'j>h, York, Flaniborongh ancj Beverley to tlie towfnshiiw of tli6 Can-- adian York Coun'ty. No\q imagine the Governor fj^ttin^' out from New,ark, the capital, to York (Toronto),, ^ihlcli liip had chosiBn for hia, HAW capital. He travelled by, the eld road clos*e to tlie lake, .portionH of which can yet be identi- fied, and I't.^ h.3 cama along past Grimsby, h.\ ^ orid eee in front ot hini, an a landnuirk, the bluff or. promontory near Waterdown In the tcwubliln of East *Flainbordu!gH, wJiich still bears the uam.3 of Flam- boron ih [-lend. When tlie Governor reaclunl the Kiir^'N Head tavern, near Jlie present j'lltprin,.? basin, he took T8fcit and i-i.ir.'fciiui'.nit. Pursuing "ilia journey acrow.s the aandy beach, ha saw riaini)oruiij.;li Hoad still in front of lilm, and the water, then called" Geneva Lako, at hi^ left hand. He recalled tlio location of Flaw* btiroush Head on the cast coast of Ensland, and thu surroundings, whicli arc" thuB described In the Edinburgh Gazetteer (1822): "Burline;ton, or Bridlington, a sea- port town of England, in the East ridin'? of Yorkshire, situated on a , bay called B-arlington Bay, formed Iby' Flam1)orou.gh Head, which Is about '5 miles distant, nearly N. E. It IH siiimtod about a mile from the Bhcre ; Tout ilun-e \s another portion of it, nnmsd Purlingt.n Quay, situat- ed directly on tlie coast, formed bv a pier, wlVisli fiXiendM a consVderH iiif:, fc^io null WTC nriTr^^BWi" wtnuoii. Tlio Quay v*-) much rtaortedl to for WMi-b;itliini;. Thv rcumlns of Bur- lington ('hiLr:'li, foaiidfil, in tiia reign of ili^nry I , provo that it niiwt liave bdeu a very fin.; Ktrii:Jtur!.'. Cuc^val witli the eauin prfiio.s a priory o^ DonilnioaiU!) was estfibllshctV Willluin of NewbiUT, tiio monkish lilvtoriuu, i:^ foiuuiouly r*- porlwl to liuvt bBaui a native of thiH town. Cuijlupton and Bui lingto^i pictiiro, it uiiwt h& ndil^jd that in KitL-hin's S''ocket Atltwi of SouLh IJrilain (1709 »,, nrldllogtoft Key iin ! livKliiuglon/ Bay are shov^, prol€3(c!ii from LiiE; ocean: by Smith- nij'Ic-: P-a'.ui, tvith FlamborougJii ari,(i J''liinilK>ro...p:i. Ilcaii to tliD northward. \Vluv'i; \vc nii-w, call Hauiiltba Beach <•vorre•p<^'nlJ.:^i to ffmitl-jaioks Sand, Flaniboroiit'ii Moad way alreadj^ xiianioM, and with Oen.r'va Lake re- n,am«tl Bar lint;: ton Bay!, th« imitation of a part of tht> Knglis'li Yorkshire Would iw> cotn[>l;>ta llf n:?e the UKnie 6( Clove: nor Sim o.'rt pjio-'lania,tion. It 14 in ton* ting to note that thvuu>\B-w« wm ))ie(9:t