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I
^r
I L E
- k:-
FIFTH
T
T E
R
TO
T H R '
i
People of England,
f Price Two Shillings.^
h
1 1
E R RATA.
^age 17. Hne 1. for f recede ^ t.Jifccted^
P, 3oi 4. 5. dele or.
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11 i
I
i
^ «.' '•• ^ 7/ .;', -^'i- '- s j
I
It ^s
A FIFTH
.1
A
\
I
U'
LETTER
TO THE
People of England^
O N
The Subverfion of the Confiituiion :
AND,
The Neceffity of it's being rcftored.
E N N O I A TO"oO' m^JUM tyiyilo^ cam Any.oxpoirioii x«-
fA.»XKw ri iv Aw/AOxpar/a;. X E N O P H .
Itaque ite mecum, qui & vos metipfos, & Rempublicam fal-
vam vultis. Tit. Liv.
LONDON:
printed for J. Morgan in Pater-Nofler-Row,
« t
f[
■■/ s^.
-I
IS., t
t>
> . 1^ <L .
LETTER
T O T H E
.1
People of England,
L E T T E R V.
NOTWITHSTANDING the
Change of the Adminiftration which
has lately taken Place may have ex-
ceeded the Hopes of many, who fincerely
wifli well to th^ir Country, and the Fears of
others, who, carelefs of it's Fate, were, ne-
veithelefs, fomething intimidated by the Ap-
prehenlions of private Lofs j there yet remains
many and obftinate Difficulties to be removed,
before the Affairs of this Nation, under the
wifefl: and happieft Direction of the ablefl
Underftandings, can be brought to glide
fmoothly on in their natural Channel, and
B the
1
the Miferies brought upon you by pafl M-
be effectually effaced.
■rs
Mankind in general is apt too promptly
to infer a happy Event from a dawning Pro-
mife of Succcfs, and conceive an Undertaking
accomplifbed which is but juft begun ; and,
perhaps, Englijhmen are as much (ubje<ft to
the Influence of this Manner of thinking,
as the Natives of any other Nation of the
World.
! :
Ht
We have frequently concluded, though
taught otherwifc by previous Experience, that
one remarkable Vidory woulu eiTedlually
humble our prefent Enemies ; and when fuch
Conqueft has happened, and they have a-
gain rifen from the Defeat, and once more
appeared in Arms, we have beheld with Sur-
prize the Powers which have effectuated that
which was greatly owing to our Negledt, in
not drawing the Advantages which would
naturally have followed fuch Succefs. And
what Maherbnl faid to Annibal after the De-
feat of Canna, is juffly applicable to this Na-
tion. You know how to obtain Vidory, but
you are ignorant in what Manner to apply
the proper Advantages arifing from it.
The
I
01
V
The
[3 ]
The fame Remark which has been made
in defeating a foreign Enemy, holds equally
true in fubduing a domeftick ; and the fame
Vigilance fliould be exerted again ft fallen
Statefmen, that is neceflary again ft a conque-
red General j without puffuing the Advanta-
ges obtained, M rs may eafily recover
their loft Ground, and the People, becoming
remifs and thoughtlefs in proteding the new
Statefmen, may probably fee their Endeavours
foiled, the veceran Deftroyers reinftated, or,
at leaft, preferving Power fufticient to thwart
and fruftrate every good Intention of their
SuccefTors, and prevent every Benefit which
might otherwife accrue from the Change.
Probably at no Time h. 3 there been more
Reafon to fear, that fomething fimilar to this
may prove the Event of the prefent Altera-
tion of the M ry; unlefs you, the People
of England, whofe juft Remonftrances have
removed the old Clan, and placed the prefent
Gentlemen in their Places, are ftrenuoufly
refolved to exert with Energy every Effort
which can preferve them in the Adminiftra-
tion of publick Affairs.
AlnaOST infinite are the Reafons which
ought to determine you to this Refolution,
B 2 It
i!i
[4 ]
]t is not to decide a Fadlinn of two rival
M— 7 — rs, a N le or a F — at, who, like
Athleticks fighiing for the Box, oppofe each
other with no other Motive, but that of de-
termining who fliall obtain an abfolute Power
over you and your Money, and fecure him-
felf your Mafter. It is not whether a C r
or Lord of the Ad ty rtiall or (liall not
amafs Sums of Money, unknown to have
been made in fuch Places *till this Age, be-
ftow Favours only on the undcfcrving and
infufficient, and fell your Pofleilions to your
Enemies. It is not a Difpute concerning what
Family Hiall reign over you ; but others,
however interefting the two lad may appear
to be, of greater Importance to every EfigiiJ/.)-
man. It is whether your Conftitution fliall or
fliall not be any longer maintained. Whether
yoUi Treafure fliall be referved for the Ufe
and Advantage of Rngland^ or totally exhaufl-
ed in purfuing the Interefls of H — — r. Whe-
ther negleding your Trade, all Power of fup-
plying and fupporting this Realm (liLill be at an
End, or Commerce, the Source of all your
Powers, vigoroufly fuftaincd. Whether ye
/liall be longer a refpedtable People, or, fuf-
fcring the French to dry up this plenteous
Souripe of all your Wealth, ye become a Scorn
^mongft the Nations of the Earth.
That
4
..?
HAT
That your national Aflairs arc almoft ar-
rived to this fatal Ifllic, by the Condudl of
the late Adminiftiation, fcarce needs an Ar-
gument to convince you : But as the Force of
all their Mifchief may not be fully compre-
hended by many amongft you, and as I know
no Motives more endearing, or more likely
to continue your Per fever;) ncc in lo lauda-
ble a Dcfign, as that of prcferving your
Rights, Liberties, and Conftitution ; permit
me to lay before your Eyes, the Injuries
which the late M rs have done you, and
this Kingdom ; let me endeavour to incite
you by all Arguments, which become a free
Man fpeaking to a free People, to efpoufe
that Caufe, which is of all the mod intereft-
ing to fave your Conftitution, ^rown giddy
with long looking over that Precipice on
which it ftands, from which it has only
not already fallen, and which without the
almoft momentary Relief of nil England is
irrecoverably loft.
I MEAN of thofe whofe Hearts are not yet
converted into Stone, with Refpe(ft to all
feeling for their Country's Welfare, by the
Gorgon'^ Head of Place, Penfion, and Cor-
ruption, held out by the Hands of the late
M- rs.
' Indeed
[ 6]
Indeed was a M r once difplaccd, like
a Tortoife turned on it's Back, rendered in-
capable of moving from the Place or affifting
himfelf, you might have Tome pretext for be-
coming fupine and carelefs : But if yoa are
induced to think in this Manner you err egre-
gioufly. Are they not rather retired than dif-
carded ? May they not have taken PofTelTion
of powerful Hearts, like their own, un?nima«-
ted with Zeal for England' % Welfare, and
which from (imilar Senfations cannot well
bear a Separation ? Are they not fuftained by
thoufands of mercenary Aflbciates and Adhe-
rents, who, confcious that their own Intereft
depends on that of the late M rs, regard
their Removal as figning the Death- Warrant
of their Luxury, and an Overture to the want
of Bread ? And though their Suftenance has
been long pilfered from the publick Money,
and the Produce of your honeft Induftry;
fuch is the Nature of Man, and of fuch Mea
in particular they prefer a general Ruin,
which embraces the whole Nation, to the par-
ticular one of themfelves, though the King-
dom emerged from that deep, to the bottooi
of which they had almoft dragged it by their
unnatural Weight. The Pain arifing from the
Eye of Scorn on their faileo State, infinitely
put-weighing
, like
!(i in-
ifting
►r be-
)u are
egre-
ndif-
eflion
nima*-
^ and
: well
led by
Adhe-
niereft
regard
arrant
; want
ce has
loney,
aftry }
iMen
Ruin,
He par-
King-
)otto[n
y their
omthe
finitely
sighing
i
[7]
out- weighing the Joy, which fuch Men can
feel from the Salvation of a whole People.
It cannot reafonably be denied, when
M rs willingly adopt the Plan and Pur-
fuits of their PredecefTors, that they render
themfelves anfwerable for all the fatal EfFed:s,
and praife-worthy for all the Benefits, which
accrue to the Nation in Confequence of fuch
Condudt. We mufl: imagine, they have
judly weighed and clearly forefeen the proba-
ble Events, and accordingly purfued or re-
jedled that Syftem, which had been formed
by thofe whom they fucceed.
Those then who have condudled publick
Affairs in the fame Way, and left unremedied
the Mifchiefs v/hich their PredecefTors brought
upon you, are equally criminal with them :
For to commit a Crime, or permit it to con-
tinue, when it is their Duty to remove it,
and they pofTefs t^e Power, are in nothing
materially different : The late M rs then
might have relieved you the Subjects or quitted
their Service. They might have blefled the
Nation by A6ls of publick Benefit, or proved
they were refolved not to ruin it, by refufing
to commit publick Injuries.
These
iii^^
[8]
These Men then having rigoroufly purfued
the pernicious Doctrines of their iniquitous
Predeceflbrs, are left without juft Caufe of
Complaint, and equitably deemed refponfible
to you the People ol Englandy for the Mife-
rics which have followed.
UK
To alledge in Favour of fuch Men, that
the defpotic Inclination of a S n, the ex-
treme Love of Power, or Incapacity in the
M rs, are Extenuations of their Guilt, is
to the laft Degree audacious and ridiculous
in a free State, which this is ftill prefumed to
have a Right to be.
The firft, however arbitrarily and fire-
nuoufly it may formerly have been exerted to
raife Money for the Ufe of Germans, to en-
gage in Wars in their behalf ruinous to Eng-
landy to bribe P ts, introduce foreign
Forces, and opprefs an induftrious and free
People with intolerable Taxes on thefe Ac-
counts, might eafily have been warded againfl:
by honeft Statefmen ; they can oppofe to thofe
unwarrantable Inclinations in a Prince, the
Laws of the Land, the Compadt he has made
with you the People, his Coronation-Oath,
the Conftitution of the Realm, and that Share
only
«ii.i,a.Mp.i^ ^Pi
lurfued
pitous
lufe of
onfible
; Mife-
\,-\:'. , , . .
ti, that
the ex-
m the
ruilt, is
liculous
imed to
id ftre-
erted to
to en-
to Eng-
foreign
and free
lefe Ac-
1 againft
to thofe
ice, the
las made
(n-Oath,
lat Share
only
[93
Only which he poflefles in it, Arguments fuf-
ficient to efface every fuch Defire in a virtuous
Prince j but if no Reafons can prevail to avert
his Defigns, the Place of M— -—r ought to
and may be deferted on fuch Oecafions, both
fafely and honourably, attended with the Ap-
I probation and Efteem of a whole Nation ;
and what exceeds all, a Confcioufncfs of
having difcharged his Duty to his Country
and his God,
The exorbitant Love of Power in a
M — — r, can offer no Excufe for the Evils
which are confequent cff Mai- Adminiftration ;
becaufe it being by nature a Propenfity which
no Man has a Right to fatisfy, it becomes
greatly criminal and juflly punifhable. And
in judging in this Way, we follow but the
ellablifhed Order of Nature, which has an-
nexed fevere Penalties to the Indulgence of
every Paflion in Excefs, unlefs it be the Love
of Virtue; the Debauchee of every Kind
feels the EfFeds of this Truth, and falls the
Vidim of his own irrational Paflions, and the
Senfe of Right and Wrong implanted in ouf
Souls, dooms Puniil^ment on Offenders of
another Kind, .i-
J i =..
,j '..' As
) '
I
[ lb ]
• , - f •••» r . ■ - - - ■ . ^ -■.
As to the want of Capacity, that Plea is
equally inadequate to defend a M r ; he
mud in the Progrefs of publick Adininiftra*-
tion, have fo repeatedly felt his own Infufii-
ciency, that perfilUng to proceed in oppofnion
to fuch reiterated Warnings and Admonition,
he becomes, with the greateft Equity, deemed
delinquent, and a kind of Felo de fc, in
thus knowingly to continue that, for which
he deferves to fuiFer by publick Juftice.
Ha VI NO thus clearly fhewn, that the
Crimes of part M rs are juftly to be im^
puted to thofe who fucceed them, and have
not removed the Miferies which were confe-
quent, permit me to go back to the date of
the Revolution, to explain your Rights and
Privileges. ^ . . . , » . , .
It has been generally believed, that at this
Period the Nature of your Conftitution, be-
came more explicitly afcertained, and fixt on
more permanent Principles, than it had
known before that JEra, : At leaft the obtaining
thefe Ends, as well as redrefling Grievances,
are acknowledged to be the Motives to th&
Tranfadions of thofe Times. For had the
Power of the Crown been left unlimited and
unfettled^
I
4
1
■ifi.
t " ]
unfettled, as before that Event, and the h\*
berties and Privileges of you the Subjects in
the fame undecided State 3 it would have been
only to change the Names of Mafters, and
not the Nature of their Sovereignty, And if
inftead of removing the Caufes of your Suf-
ferings, and fixing your Rights and Liberties,
you then gave the P- 1 an unlimited
Authority to difpofe of the latter according
to their IncHnation j you only changed the
Poffeflbrs of arbitrary Power, by granting to
them what you denied the King ; and thus
this illuftrious Adion of the Revolution muft
appear to be the Refult of Fadion, Caprice,
Averfion to one Intereft, or unwarrantable
Zeal for another. For how is a Nation become
more fettled in it's Freedom, by transferring
arbitrary Power from oqe Part of the Confti-^
tution to another ; any more than a Man be-
comes more rich who makes the Conveyance,
by which a hundred thoiifand Pounds pafs
from one Hand to another, without a Shilling
refting in his pofleffion ?
CfiitTAiNLythe Laws that were the^
ena<^d to eflabU(h the Conilitution, ought
to be confidered of a mcMX permanent Nature
than Laws in common, of a lefs interefling
Intention J the very Bafis and Boundary of
C 2 the
7
/
[ la ]
the King's Prerogative and Peoples Rights j
fomething in the Government like the Center
in the Earth, the iixed Point, round which
all Things move, and to which they tend j
or, according to the Opinion of fome Philo-
fophers, like the plaftick Nature, or creative
Power, which, immixed and animating all,
is immutable in itfelf. ^
.\ L
The Ads which were then made relative
to this Conftitution, fuch as the Bill of Rights,
and fince, in Confequence of it, the Aft of
Settlement, which may be juftly deemed the
Compadl between the prefent Royal Family,
and you the People of England j are certainly
of a Nature more unchangeable and facred
than thofe which eftablifh a Turnpike, and
not to be altered or defeated with the fame
Eafe as an Aft: which removes the Fair- Day
of a Market Town from June to September,
Ought not thpfe Afts, founded on your
former Rights in Magna ChartUy to be confix
dered rather as the efl'ential Authority by which
P-'-^ — nts exift, than Laws which a P— nt
may abrogate, through pure Inclination to
indulge a M ' ■ r or deprcfs a free People ?
m
For
ights ^
Dentcr
which
tend ',
Philo-
reative
ng all,
elativc
lights,
^a of
led the
^amily,
srtainly
facrcd
^e, and
le fame
iir-Day
ember,
on your
e confix
y which
ition to
;ople ?
" For
[ 13 ]
For does it not feem ftrangely abfurd 3n a
Conftitution, that the Reprefentativcs of the
People which form a third Part of it, (hould
be authorized by them to annihilate their Li-
berties, and thereby exclude them from the
Rights which they poirefs in the government
of the Realm ? Is it not repugnant to the very
Idea of a free State, that a People can have
given an Authority of facrificing their Privile-
ges, to Men chofen the Guardians of them ?
efpecially when nothing of that Kind is either
adtually or virtually deputed to them at the
Time of Eledion, or in the Nature of the
Conftitution j there can be no Reafon affigned
for giving up this Right to a reprefentativc
Body, and relinquifliing that of defending your
Liberties by the Power of your own Handfi
and Speech ; bat, becaufe you conceive them
obliged to be your Defenders, and depend on
their fecuring your Properties : otherwile you
deprive yourfelves of the Advantages which
arife from a 8t%te of Nature, and make your-
felves a Prey to fuch Men, by entering into
Society ; the moft abfurd and contradictory of
all Conceptions, For, as a Man can never
give another the Right of killing him, and
be deemed in his Senfes, nor the Perfon to
whom this Liberty is given put it into Execu-
tion,
fl:
:i !
[ U]
tion, without being punifhed : In like Man-
ner the People, had they g,iven the Power
of ruining this Conflitution to their Reprefen*
tatives, ought to have been confidered as Lu*
naticks, and their Adione illegal^ and the
Reprefentative punished, who had given up
their Privileges in Confequenco of it.
(* h
Unless fomcthing exifts in a free State,
which no Part of it can be authorifed to dc-
i\roy, it is impoifible the Idea of a Conditu-
tion can fubiifl ; for not to allow fomething
fuperior to a Houfe of Commons, is to grant
them an abfolute Power, a Power contradic-
tory to the original Notion of a free People,
and deflrudtive to the Genius of a mixed Go-
vernment, as it becomes thereby fuperior to
the other Parts in the King and Peers, who
are acknowledged to be bound by the Conftir
tution. ■ v^ J < : .. .^iJ '
For the fame Reafon the Conditution,
which is avowed to be paramount to the two
latter, muft, in it's Nature, be fuppofed fu-
perior to the united Powers of P ■ ■ n t, the
Rule and Bounds of their Proceedings ; and
though it is generally faid, that every Kind
of Government muft have an abfolute Power
to red fomewhere in it, furely ir cannot be
mesint
I
ke Man-
e Power
.€prcfen*
d ae Lu-
and the
given up
-'' ■■■■'. t,\
J. - ..J io
ee State,
:d to de-
uonftitu-
>iiiething
i to gran(
ontradic-
B People,
ixed Go-
perior to
ers, who
e Conili?
flitution,
• the two
)ofcd fu-
— nt, the
igs ( and
ery Kind
te Power
moot be
me^nt
[ 15 ]
meaiKt an abfoUue Power to do Injuflicc, or
dellroy itfclf, more than an individual Man
has to commit Suicide. Such a Power con-
tradicts the very Exiftence of Society, and
the Laws by which the Omnipotent is bound,
of not doin^; wrong. Wherefore the deftroy-
ing the Rights and Liberties of Nations, be-
ing a moft heinous Wrong, neither you can
give, nor your Reprefcntatives afi'ume, with
Equity, a Power which God has not.
Should it be acknowledged, that, though
the Commons have exerciied a Power of an-
nihilating many Privileges and Rights belong-
ing to the People, that they can poffefs no
reafonable Tide to it ; then all Laws fubver-
five of Magna Cbarta^ the Bill of Rights,
Adl of Settlement, and Spirit of the Confti-
tution, are an Excefs of their Authority and
a Violation of their Trud.
If it be aflerted that your Reprefentatives,
after the Hour of their Election, are no
longer anfwerable for their Behaviour, and
arc legally inverted with Authority to treat
your Liberties as they pleafe, then what did
King James ufurp more than this by his Pre-
rogative ? And of what Advantage has the
Revolution proved to you, if the fubverting
your
t i6]
your Con(litution be legally placed in the
Hands of your Reprefentativcs ? In whr.t
Scnfe docs the Idea of a free State or Liberty
of the People exift, when it depends on no-
thing more permanent or eftablifhed, than
the vague, capricious, or interefted Inclina-
tion of a Majority of five hundred Men,
who mav be open to the infidious Attacks of
a M r ? Is it not more precarioufly in-
truAed than to the Care of a S n ? Surely
it will be granted, that a M r, who, by
illicit Influence, fhould prevail in pailing
Laws lubvcrfive of the above Statutes, muft
be deemed an Offender againft the moft fa-
cred of all human Enjoyments, Liberty and
the Conflitution of his Country^ and at leafl
equally criminal with James the Second.
It is allowed, that every Part of this Con-
Aitution has an equal Right to it's particular
Privileges ; the King, Lords, and Commons,
have fome in general, and fome peculiar to
each feverally. . _. . -
The King, intrufted with the Sovereignty,
cannot, by any A^ of his own, divert the
Heir apparent of his Right of SuccefTion
to the Crown. The Lords cannot alienate
the Honours and Privileges of thofe who are
i... entitled
s:
^
i *
[17]
entitled to precede them j they are the Riprc-
fentativcs of Peerage as well as of themfelves.
In like Manner the Commons, who are in-
truded with your Share in the Conftitutioh,
can they give it up to a M r ? Reafon^
and the Spirit of the Government, evidently
evince they cannot. And to thefe^ in Mat-
ters relative to the fundamental Parts of a
Conflitution, Ihould not every Ad conform ?
What can be more contradidory to the
Reafon and Spirit of the Conftitution, and of
Liberty itfelf, than that where every Subjecft
has an equal Claim to Freedom and the Pri-
vileges of the Realm ; and not more than a
third the Right of voting for their Reprefen-
tatives : That this Minority (hould be authori-
zed to give away the whole Riglits and Im-
munities of a Majority of their Fellow-Sub-
jedls to Men, the latter are no wife concerned
in eleding. And though the Letter of nO
Law may precifely pronounce they can not ':
In like Manner there is none which declares
they can. Wherefore the whole prefumptive
Tide a P nt can pretend to have of dif-
pofing of your Rights and Privileges can be
but Prerogative, which, in thefe very Inftan-
ces, having been illegally carried beyond the
Limits of Liberty and the Con(litution by
ft King
t i8]
Rinp 'jameiy muft, for the like Reafbn, be
equally illegal and criminal in every Branch of
the Lcgiflature : And therefore the Spirit of
the Conftitution is neccflary to be followed
with the ftridcft Rigor and Perfevcrancc.
Snot/LD it be objc<fled to thi?, that unin-
terrupted PofTefiion for a certain Time, ac-
cording to the Letter of the Laws, creates a
Property in many Things ; it fhould be re-
plied, that, in this Inftance of a general Na-
ture, a Manner and Pradlice of thinking
ought to prevail contrary to that which is ob-
ferved in thofc of a private : The Spirit and
not the Letter is ftcadily to be adhered to in
all conftitutional Points, bccaufe thereby Li-
berty can only be pieferved. To inflance, the
Claufe in the Ad of Settlement, which pro-
hibits the Prince on the Throne from leaving
the Dominions of this Realm without confent
of Parliament 5 though the Letter fays no-
thing more, the Spirit fpeaks a free Parlia-
ment, becaufe it confid.ers nothmg a Parlia-
ment which is not free. But, in Cafes where
the Individual is only concerned, as in Life,
the Letter fliould be held inviolably facred j
becaufe Judges may poflibly become corrupt,
wreft or difguife the Laws by their Explana-
tioii, even to influence Juries, and undo the
Perfon
f »9 ]
Perfon adjudged ihougli innioce!*? . In Pro*
perty, for the fame Rcufon, a«^J bccaufcj
wliere the Laws arc opprefTive in particular
Inftances, ihtrc remain bcfides two Courts of
Equity, to which you my have Rcgourfe^
and from whence to obtiiin Redrcfs,
Pk OB ABLY the Reafon why your Progeni-
tors, in the antient fundamental Statutes of
the Realm, have delivered nothing verbally
explicit on this Head i of limiting the Power
of their Reprelentatives, derives it's Origin
from the fnm/j Caufe that the Romans had no
Laws againit Parricide ; They never conceived
that the Thought of betraying or felling a
People's Liberties, any more than murdering
a Father, could enter the human Hean ;
They neither imagined that the Reprefentative
could ever pu^lcfs an Intereft diilindt from
that of his Conllituent, or that pecuniary
Advantage could outweigh the publick Good
in his Bread: : They did not forefee, that
M' rs might one Day have Occafion ta
opprefs you for the Support of German Prin-
ces, or that Englijhmeny no longer animated
by the Soul of publick Profperity, might de-
generate into granting oppreHive Taxes, 'till
the Nation would be brought within one Step
of Ruin : Qr that Laws, effential to the Efta-
' . ' U z ' blid^mei^^
[t
II
!
'/
i
I
[ 20 ]
tlidiment of Freedom and Security of the
3tatc, could, like Bubbles blown by Boys, be
made to refledt different Colours as the Light
was directed upon them, or burft at the
Mandate of a M- r, by the Breath of ^
Majority of five hundred Men.
1 AM apt to believe thofe Advocates, who
fuftain that your Reprefentatives once eleded
are free to adl as they lift, and not anfwerable
for their Condud to you their Conllituents ;
are led into that Error from not rightly com-
prehending the Difference between Power
and Authority : Two Words frequently ufed
indifcriminately to cxprefs the fame Idea,
which, notv^iihftanding, diffe, extremely in
their Signification.
A General appointed by the King and
paid by the Nation, receives an Order from
his Prince to command} and Money from his
Fellow- Subjedls to fupport, an Army. In
his Confimiffion, it is not mentioned that he
(hall not wage War againft the Kingdom,
becaufe his being appointed for the Preferva-
tion of the Realm excludes all Idea of his de-
f^rtjng the Duty of oppofing the Enemies, to
invade the Rights of his Fellow- Subjeds :
X^t, though this Reftridlion be never inlerted,
no
I
r 21 ]
f>o Man caii reafonably conceive, that becaufe
by Rewards and Punifliments, by finifler Ap-
plication to thj Paflions, artful Inlinuations,
ibphiftical Arguments, and various Methods
of prevailing on Mankind, he may have a
Power of feducing this Army to delcrt their
Duty and enflave their Country ; that there-
fore, he has an Authority to behave in that
Manner : Or that his Crime would be lefs
atrocious and flagrant fliould he fucceed in
that Attempt. On the contrary, all Mankind
will denominate him and his Troops, bafe
and perfidious Betrayers of the Nation's Caufe,
detelled Enflavers of a free Country, even
though he perpetrated this horrid Adiion in
Obedience to a King's Mandate : The very Spi-
rit of their Appointment, and nefarious Breach
of Truft, denounce Horror and Deteftation
on all fuch Men.
In this Inftance, and in ten thoufand others.
Power and Authority are utterly dillindl : The
being enabled to do an Injury, implies no Au-
thority for it's being carried into Execution,
or Extenuation of the Iniquity.
In like Manner, when the ReprefentativeS
J)f a People prefume to adt contrary to the
very Elements of their Conftitution, betray
■ and
I [
\l
h
[ 22 ]
and give up their Rights, Privileges, and Li*
berties, though noihing in the fundamental
Statutes Hterally may prohibit (o ignominious
a Behaviour ; the very Nature of tiieir Station,
the innate Senfe of Right, and original Spirit
of Government, manitcftly confadid all Pof-^
fibiliry of their having Title for iuch Proceed-
ings ; And whenever it is done, is it not an
A& of Power and not of Authority ? To this
(hould it be added, that fuch Things have
been accomplifhed in Confequence of a
M "' ^'^ Mandate and pecuniary Influence ;
What Cr;me can be more heinous, improved
by the indignant and humiliating Confidera-
tion, that your Equals, whom yoii chofe to
fave, have fold you like Cattle, you and your
PofTeffions, the Produce of your Arts, Manii-»
fadures, and Commerce, to M- rs who
paid your Betrayers with one Part of that
Money which was levied on you, and fquan-
dered the Remainder, to fecure themfelves in
Place, on German Slaves and German Inte-
refts, negledful of every Advantage, which
their Station, their Country, and Heaven it-
felf called upon them to aiFord their ex-
Jiaufted Fellow- Subjedts.
Power is that, by which one Man, o^
Body of Men, C(fn by any M^ans a^com-
n
' I
y and Li*
idamental
lominious
r Station,
nal Spirit
a all Pof.
ProceecJ-
it not an
> To this
ngs have
ce of a
ifluence ;
improved
onfidera-
chofe to
and your
Manila
— rs who
of that
fquan-
elves in
2n Inte-
which
aven it-
eir ex-
an, o^
ipcom-
[ 23 ]
plifh their Defigns ; Authority that, by which
they are limited and commiiTioned to do any
Thing by the Natute of the Conftitution.
Indeed, though no Statute, as far as I cani
recoiled:, has mentioned the Limitation of
p — ^.^-y Power before the Revolution j yet
it is manifeft from the Bill of Rights, that
the Enadtors of »hat Law, having conceived
what pecuniary Perfuafion and M- — -^rs
might hereafter obtain on the Parliament,
have inferted a Claufe declarative, that the
Rights then afcertained were no Innovation
on the Conftitution, auvl that their Succeflbra
were obliged to follow them, as may be itcn
in the fucceeding Words tranfcribed from that
Charter of Liberty.
" Now in Purfuance of the Premlfes, the
faid Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and
Commons, in Parliament aifembled, for
the Ratifying, Confirming, and Eftablifh-
ing, the faid Declaration and the Articles,
Claufes, Matters, and Things therein con-
tained, by the Force of a Law made in
due Form by Authority of Parliament, do
pray that it may be declared and enacted,
that all and fingular the Rights and Liber-
ties aiferted and claimed in the faid Decla-
ration,
«
cc
cc
(C
(C
<c
cc
cc
((
«
<(
I
I
I- V.
<C
<c
C(
cc
<(
<<
<c
cc
(C
«c
[ 24 ]
*' ration, arc the true, ancient ^ and indubi^
table Rights and Liberties of the People of
this Kingdonv [England)^ and fo fhall be
erteemed, allowed, adjudged, deemed, and
taken to be : And that all and every the
Particulars afore (aid, fliall be firmly and
flrictly holden and obferved, as they are
exprelled in the faid Declaration ; and all
Officers and Minijiers whatfoever, (hall
ferve their MajeAies and their Succejjors^
according to the L\mQ in all Times to
" come.'*
♦ ■
From this it evidently appears, that the
Men who formed this Ad:, imagined, that as
the Redrefs of Grievances was by the Nature
of the Conftitution obligatory on them, that
the fame ought and muft be fo on their Suc-
ceflbrs, and the Adl immutable ; otherwife,
their afluming an Authority to bind them to
it by this Paflage, would of all Things ap-
pear the mofl impotei-f. and ridiculous.
In order to clear up the Difficulties which
have been imagined to attend the afcertaining
the Authority of your Reprefentatives in
P 1, I hope I (hall be excufed, having
taken up fo much of your Time, It appeared
to me abfolutely neceflary to lay a folid Foun-
dation
y^^gk.
in
^ing
ired
lun-
ion
dation for the Accufation, which I am aboiit
to bring on the late M rs, That they have,
in open Violation of your Rights, extended
their Power infinitely beyond the Limits of
their Authority and the Conftitution, by
Means of prevailing dn your former Repre-
fentatives, and by that Means divefted you of
the moft efTcntial Privileges of Liberty and a
free State, and reduced you to a wOrfe Con-
dition than that to which you were brought
before the Revolution.
■ir-
.r-'> n
If I miftake not, we are prohibited by art
Exprefs arid pfenal Lavv, to write any Thing
derogatory to the Revolution, confidering it;
I imagine, not as a Tranfaiflion, that will
not bear the ftrongeft Light of Truth, and
Ted of ftridleft Enquiry ; but as fdniiething
facred, which it is a Kind of political BlaP
phemy to attempt to criminate.
In Confequence of the Excellences parlia-
mentarily acknowledged to exifl: iri the Revo-
lution, the Ads made to eftablifli that, the pre-
fent Conftitution, and the prefent Royal Fa-
mily, muft alike participate of thisSacrednefs:
Or on what juft Foundatbn can this Reve-i
rcnce have been demanded.
E
Fa%
;
! *
I
[ 26]
For this Reafon the Bill of Rights, pafled
in 1689, at the Prince of Orange's coming
to the Throne, and the A6t of Settlement,
the twelfth and thirteenth Year of his
in
Reign, mud include the great Title to this
Diftindion; if writing, then, againft the
Revolution, of which thefe make the moft
efTential Confiderations, is little lefs than
Treafon j rendering them inefFedual in the
moft important Articles can be but Uttle lefs
than State Sacrilege,
The Particulars mentioned in the firft,
were then confidered as fo many Violations
committed by King jfames on the Privileges
of the People, and necefiary to be remedied,
for the Sake of fecuring your Religion, and
re-eftablifliing Liberty and the Conftitution.
And of the fecond, as fo many Barriers to
fortify your Liberties, Privileges, and Con-
Ititution, againft any Probability of loling
them, which might arife from a new King
being feated on the Throne j a Stranger to our
Language, Cuftoms, and Laws ; born to rule
arbitrarily over his original Subjeds ; unac-
quainted with the Nature of a commercial
and free State 5 uninftrudted in the Know-
ledge
[27]
ledge of Arts and Sciences ; fond of a milita-
ry Government ; and of a different Se(ft in
Religion from the eftabliflied Cliurch oiEng'^
land.
Can h then be conceived, that, if a
M r ftiall, by Dint of Corruption, have
effaced the Effeds of all Religior, and, by
Dint of the fame Purfuit on former P ts,
have abrogated every Article which w^as pro-
tedtive of your Rights and Privileges, that
fuch Ads are le(s illegal or lefs criminal in
him than in a S n ; for what Difference
does it make, whether you lofe your Liber"
ties by the exorbitant Power of a King, or
the Tyranny of a M r > or what Confo-
lation can be drawn, from being afTaflinated
by a royal Hand, or by a Captain of the
Mob ; it is the Lofs of Liberty which makes
the Curfe, and the taking it away the Ini^ui*
ty. r
'■f .,-'1
The Grievances at that Time complained
of againfi the Sovereign had their Founda-^
tioi> in Juflice and the Rights of the Sabjed,
and the redreffing them in the Nature of the
Conftitution ; Otherwife, by what Arguments
will you aflign a Caufe of Complaint again ft
the Prince on the Throne, or prefexve thofe
E 2 Men
i\
'5!
ill
1 ;
[ 28 ]
Men who accompli (lied the Revolution front
the Imputation of Want of Allegiance to their
They confidered the Conftitution as the
primary Objedt of an Englijhman ; and the
King but as the fecondary ; who, by his At-
tempts towards Defpotilm, became a Kind
of Rebel againll this fuperior Power. They
juflly reafoned, that as the People, which
makes a third of the Conllitution, are deemed
Traitors, for plotting or attempting the
Life of, or taking up Arms againft, the King,
which forms another third of the Conftitu-
tion, and doomed to Death in conlequence of
fuch Behaviour ; in hke Manner that King
yamcs rebelled againft two thirds of this Go-
vernment, by attempting to fubvert their Re-
ligion and Liberties : For our Conllitution
fuppofes, that each Part of it has a Right to
be prelerved ; that tv^o aie more than one :
And the Happinefs of a whole People to be
preferyed, in Preference to the Ambition or
pther pernicious PafTions of a S v . o.. g< ~i^
.j-
: I. ,
Shall then a M- r be exempted from
Puni/hmentjbecaufe he has effeded in one Me-
thod the very D.efpotifm which v^as oppofed
iti
I: to
le :
be
or
la
[ 29 ]
In a King, and defervcdly drove hinti into
Exile for attempting it in another ? " *••
■i]n Mi wj
'.J .'>i
But before I prefume to animate you to-
wards the recovering your loft Privileges, and
calling them who have (ubverted the Confti-
tution to a legal Inquiry, let me lay before
you what are the Particulars which afford a
Reafon for fuch a Proceeding ; and in this
Place I hope it may be excufed in me, if I
tranfpofe the Order of the Articles which arc
in the Bill of Rights, and begin with the fol-
lowing;
* T H E Eledion of Members of P nt
J ought to be free/
If a Minifter, then, by Rewards and Pu-
nifhments, by Means of his Aflbciates, by
Promifes or Threats, or any other undue and
corrupt Influence, has at any Time procured
a p. nt to be returned, is it not totally re-
pugnant to that Part of the Ad: of Settlement
juft mentioned ? But if to this it may be con-
fcientioufly added, that a Majority of thefe
Members have been under the lame pernicious
Power of pecuniary Purchafe, Placemen and
Penfioners, mercenary Dependants on a
M r*s Nod ', certainly fuch a Body of
i^'i^ Men
ii!
!'(
[ 30]
Men were not what they ought to be, and
therefore, like James, when he became what
he ought not, righteoufly to be oppofed.
V And here, perhaps, before I proceed,
or reafon or conclude any Thing on the fatal
EfFeds of fuch a M r and fuch a P— nt
in this Conflitution, 1 ought to prove, that a
M r has by fuch Means influenced, or
the Conftitucnts by fuch Means returned,
Reprefentatives of fo dangerous a Complexion.
«■• »
;i!
In Anfwer to this, I appeal to the Bofoin
of every Man, if he is hot convinced of this
Truth; if any Man is not, let him ftand
forth and declare his Name, and it (hall be
proved ; 'till when, I (hail confider it as a
ielf- evident Truth, like that in Geometry,
that a flrait Line is the (horteft which can be
drawn between two Points. ., .^ '{
If, then, this eiTential Article of your
fecond Charter of Liberties, the Refurredion
of your Conftitution, has been long violated^
how can a P =nt of fuch a Temperament
be faid to be your Reprefentatives, or by
what Senfe are the Laws they paffed legally
enaded, when this, your only Security, is
cfFedually alienated, . ,
The
to be, and
:came what
'pofed.
I
I proceed,
on the fatal
I a p. nt
ove, that a
luenced, or
s returned,
■omplcxion,
the Bofom
ced of this
him fland
it (hall be
Jer it as a
Geometry,
ich can be
of your
sfurredion
violated,
jperament
[s, or by
'd legally
:urity, is
The
I
I
I
[ 31 ]
The firft Claufc in this facrcd Adl, the
Bill of Rights, which was ordained for your
Security, is, " That the pretended Power of
•* Jujpending Laws, or the Execution of Laws
by regal Authority, without Confcnt of
Parliament, is illegaL" /,.»..•. 1.. »>
<c
<c
. To declaim on the Benefit of this Blefling,
or tl 3 Miferies and Oppreflions, which have
been and may be confequent of it, would be
to treat you like Children, infenfible or re-
gardlefs of your Condition, or as Beings,
whofe Souls are rendered paralytick, by the
numbing M^ignity of the late Ad -a^ •
How then n>all I mention to you the Af-
fair of Maidftone, where a common Thief,
a capital Offender of the Laws, a foreign
Hireling, bccaufe a H «, was, by
m rial Mandate, difmifled from the Cog-
nizance, and refcued from the Hands, of Ju-
flice ? Were not the Laws fufpended in this
Inftance without Confent of P nt, Mag'
na Charta and your Charter of Rights unpar-
donably violated ? And here permit me to afk
you, if billetting the foreign Mercenaries, at
their firft coming, on the Inn and Publick-
Houfe Keepers, equally intitled to Liberty
•.u.'j f : • and
H
si«fw::„l^\^''°'^" -'■all other
Your Laws then have he«, 77" ^' /°*^" '
vour of one H-^ , '"^"'n'^'d i" Fa-
Power a/Tunied. even morV I •"" , *'*>««'/
S-rpen/ion of Lawr'^T^t^'oHhlS. '"«
-S^gar^jjirr^^^^^^^
fenders, and create defpotick o T"" ^^-
Pjeft you, whenever Occfionr^M^''' "P"
them ? For can it h/ ^'^r'O" *a'l demand
fon who at once prefiH°!l""'^u' "'^ ">« P^^-
g^o% ignorant of " ur Co„ft^.'°"''^ ^ '°
to know that fuch Comm i^ ""°"' ^^ "ot
cenaries. werj ^1,7 i"'*''- '° '''"« ^er-
O'herw'ife. on wha ' f,'^ "nyconftitutional/
Jn the Law • that l.„"n ^ if, "^ ''*' acquired
has been afoibed tJl'^u '^"°-'<=dge which
«bat Superio" ,yt4h1s r5\^r'''' ""^
'/''«/^ to have Placed h- "1 ^y ^'^ ^'P^n-
AgSr', ilS* £?r;? ''ys' "'= '■»
Ardor
Aid
the
T
tiall>
and 1
by th
Time
-ing
(C
liai
Th
compjj
Times
by Conj
tide, b
fedled ;
ought t
comes
Nature
Conftiti
^ert, thi
you of
' p
1
[33]
Ardor which will expel the Malignancy of
the Caufc.
. • • . • .|' -. •
The next Article to be ohferved, fo elTcn-
tially necefTary to the Prefcrvation of Liberty
and the Conftitution, and fo happily provided
by the Reprefcutatives of the People at that
Time, is,
cc
<(
IC
** That the raifing and keepihg a Stand-
ing Army within the Kingdom in Time of
Peace, unlefs it be with Confent of Par-
liament, is againfl Law."
This Claufe has been long abrogated, long
complained of, and long unremedied, in
Times of profound Tranquillity. And though
by Confent of P nt is inferted in this Ar-
ticle, by which the Sufpenfion of it was ef-
fected ; ycc the Condition of that P nt
ought to have been free, or it nevertheiefs be-
comes repugnant to the Bill of Rights, the
Nature of P— ^^^ nts, and the Spirit of the
Conftituiion. Is there a Man who will af-
fert, that the P nt which firft deprived
you of this Blefling was independent of the
M r?
To
I ■
fii
w ■ !
ft!
U 'W
[ 34]
M..
;../ . ■
To this immediately fucceeds another Claufe,
which, the Moment it was fufpended, ren-
dered you impotent, and ranked you amongft
the mOil abjedl of all Slaves j with that Cir-
cumftance, lo aggravating to a liberal Mind,
the being deemed Rebels ; for Cowards
may poi'lefs Arms without Danger to any
Miin. It is,
c i
** That the Subjeds, which are Prote-
** ilanls, may have Arms for their Defence
" (iiitable to theii Conditions, and as allowed
*' by Lavi^." .
! »-:
' The Law :ii a free P- — ^nt. How are
your Conditions lefs fuitable to the pofleffing
Arms now, than when this Law was made ?
Have you renounced all Title to Freedom ?
Have you deferted the eftabliflied Religion of
the Kingdom ? Have you turned thofe Arms
in Rebellion againft your S n, that you
are now no longer intruded with the Poflef-
ijon of them ? Or is the PrefervaMon of Hares
and Partridges become a more important and
P- ntary Concern, than thofe of Liberty
and the State ? That an Englifiman, and free,
unlefs he pollefs one hundred Pounds a Year
in Land, or one hundred and fifty in Leafe,
thtugh
iii'
you
)fref-
[ares
and
ierty
|free,
'ear
jafe,
L 35 ]
though he be worth a hundred Thoufanii
Pounds in Money, cannot kill one of thele
Animals, without being fubjecfl to a Fine of
five Pounds, or Imprifonment, in a Country
where it is not worth a Shilling. '
, • 7 • - -.^ . .
\ ' • > •* . . .
Thus, to be qualified to kill a Hare, a
Man mufl be polTefTvid of fifty Times the Re-
venue which authorizes him to vote for crea-
ting the Legillators of his Country. Strange
Abfurdity in a free State, unnatural Vafialagc,
that a free Man fliould be prohibited by La'.\'
from killing ihe Produce of his own Lands,
whatever be the Income of them.
f
Yet under this Difguife of preferving
Hares, did a M — ^-^r cunningly devife to de-
prive you of Arms to defend Yourfelves, thus
making you Slaves, by robbing you of the
Power of Refiftanct ; When will the Day of
Redemption come !
.>-i'
■J o^
X: -s':
>T,.
Th e next Article was made to coincide
with that Law, which, though frequently
fufpended to indulge a M ^-r in exercifing
A(4s of Oppreffion and Tyranny j is ftill the
bell Blefling of an Eng/ifi Subjed : The Ha-
beai Corpus A^, It is as follows.
F 2
^ ' *< That
C 36 ]
** That exceflive Bail ought not to be
" required, nor exceflive Fines impofed, nor
*' cruel and unufual Punifhments inflided.*'
..V;
What exceffive is meant to exprefs in this
Place is not eafy precifely to determine. In
a common Cafe, I know, two tnoufand
Pounds Bail was demanded and givep as Se-
curity for Appearance at the King's Bench j
and not long fince, a Printer received fuch
Punishment, as can fcarce be conceived to
come within the Letter of this Claufc ; bdng
punifhed in Body, Purfe, and Soul b, ;
Man who dared to oblige a M—r — r in any
Adion that came before him, however illegal
and inhuman, for the Sake of acquiring No-
bility, and amaffing infinite Wealth. A
Man who committed to Prifon, in diredl
Oppofition to the Habeas Corpus Adt, and
offered to try the pretended Offence in his
own Houfe without a Jury ; who only wanted
the bloody Opportunity of being lefs merciful
than Peftilence or Jefferies : For never fincc
the Hour that Satan revolted from his God,
has Jieaven permitted fo large a Portion of
that Principle, which in Scripture is called
^xii^lnov Tt, to be immixed with the human
§oijl. But he is gone^ and his Defires unac-
complirtiedj
I
C 37 ]
compli(bed. Thus peri(h all, difappointed
and dctcfted, who pervert the Laws of Li-
berty to the Mandates of a M- r, their
ow« Ambition, or the Ruin of the Conftitu-
tion.
1- '
Such have been the important Articles
cna<fled for the Prefervation of your Rights,
Liberties, and Conftitution ; and though the
latter may now no longer remain a Caufe of
Complaint, becaufe fuch M ^rs arc no
more J and becaufe it is difficult to conceive,
that Genius, a Senfe of Honour, and the
Rank he bears, can permit the Succeflbr to
ilain his high Office, by obeying the Didtates
©f a M r, or other Perfon in Power.
; )
Yet to what a forlorn Condition is this
Bulwark of your Liberties reduced. Let
any Man, who can feparate the Intiueuce of
m- rial Interefl from that Love and Duty
which he owes bis Country, refledt but one
Moment, and then afk himfelf, whether the
moft effential Benefits of the Revolution are
not rendered ineffisdual, and the Bleffings of
the Conflitution done away, by the Power
of M fs. ■ -•
Such
r
[ 38
1
J
Such having been the Fate of the Bill of
Rights, let me now proceed to lay before you
what has been the Event of the Ad of Set-
tlement, founded on the former, made for
the eftablifliing the Houfe of H r on the
Throne, the Compadt between that and you.
The fecond Article of this Ad is,
1 J ^ V .
. )
<c
<c
<(
cc
cc
" That, in Cafe the Crown and imperial
Dignity of this Realm fhall hereafter come
to any Perfon, not being a native of this
Kingdom of England^ this Nation be not
obliged to engage in any War for the De-
fence of any Dominions or Territories
which do not belong to the Crown of
England y without the Confent of Pi^rJia-
ment." , i- ^-
Whether this Article hath or bath not
been righteoufly obferved, let the Blood you
have fpilt, the Millions you have wafted, the
Millions you are in Debt, the Mercenaries
you have hired, the German Princes you have
purchafed, the Alliances you have made and
broken, the Days you have toiled, the Com-
merce you have extended to procure Wealth,
^ «, - ftand
h'
[ 39 ]
Hand forth and declare j and then do you
pronounce according to their Evidence.
The next Claufe was happily devifed fox
flrengthcning the former, by weaning the
new S n from the Love that he bore his
native Land and native Subjedls ; and which,
however well deferving it they might be, and
however laudable in their Prince, was no
hard Exaction on the Part of the People of
Englandy confidering the Value of what he
left and what they gave ; the Territories he
quitted for the Dominions he gained, and that
from one of the leaft Princes of the Empire
he inftantly became one of the moft powerful
Kings of Europe, ,
cc
(C
<(
iC
" That no Perfon who (hall hereafter
come to the Poffcffion of this Crown, fhall
go out of the Dominions of England^ Scot-
land, or Irejand, without Conient of
P
-nt.'
What has the abrogating this Claufe al-
ready coft ? When will the Expence be at an
End ? How effedually has it verified the
Wifdom and Prefcience of thofc, who made
it Part of this Charter of Compad ? "' '
[4o]
\
The following Article in like Manner, of
the utmofl liiipo. tance, was pi udently devi-
led for the Piellrvaiion of your Liberties, to
intimidate M rs from giving pernicious
Counfel to their S ns, and from attempt-
ing to fubvert the Conditutiori of the Realm ;
for wicked Men will dare to advife, when
concealed from Difcovery, what the Fear of
Death makes them fhrink from witncfling
with their own Hands. It is,
«(
C(
((
<c
«c
(C
cc
(C
" That from and after the Time that
the further Limitation by this Adt (hall
take Effed, all Matters and Things relating
to the well-governing of this Kingdom,
which are properly cognizable in the Privy-
Council, by the Laws and Cuftoms of this
Realm, (hall be tranfadted there, and all Re*
folutions taken thereupon, (hall be ligned
by fuch of the Privy- Council as (hall advife
and confent to the fame."
This Reftralnt, fo falutary to King and
People, framed for the Prefervation of mu-
tual Rights and reciprocal Profperity, unhap-
pily fubfifts no longer ; M rs advife and
fubfcribe not : Thus Kings have been milled
and you undone. BeQdes the infuperable
^ , r Difficulty
lU-
ip.
nd
led
>le
[ 41 ]
DlfHculty which from thence arifes, of tracing
to the Source the Iniquity of thofe Men,
who have involved this Nation in all the large
Lift of prefent Misfortunes, and of obtaining
ample Satisfadion, fo neceflary to the Support
of your Rights and the Conftitution*
J li K
A F T E R the above Claufe, immediately
fucceeds the following, imagined with the
fame righteous View by your Fathers, and
doomed to the fame fatal End by your Co-
temporaries ; it was for the Security of your
Properties from Foreigners, who the
P nt, taught by the bounteous Inclination
in King fFi/liam, of ftripping you, and bc-
flowing on fuch Men, wifely forefaw, with-
out fuch Provifion, would, like the Swarms
of Locufts fallen upon Egypt, be uo lefs the
Plague of this Country, and eat up every
green Thing.
And here I confider all Pofts and Places,
civil and military, as the Birthrights of Eng"
iijhmen -, on you the Taxes are levied, on you
thefe Emoluments naturally devolve. The
Words are.
i(
'* That after the faid Limitation fhall
take EfFed, as aforefaid, no Perfon born
G
<(
out
T
•ill
[+2]
out of the Kingdoms of England^ Scotland,
or Ireland^ or the Dominions thereunto
belonging (although he be naturalized or
made a Denizen, except fuch as are born
of Englijh Parents), (hall be capable to en-
joy any Office or Place of Truft, either
civil or military, or to have any Grant of
Lands, Tenements, or Hereditaments,
from the Crown to himfelf, or any other
or others in Truft for him.** '
This Claufe, with Pain I tell it you, has
been openly violated by a late M r, iu
appointing to the Command of a Ship of
War an Alien to the Land, a H », a
Man by no fuperior Merit entitled to fuch
Diftindion ; for Merit may afford fome Ex-
cufe for fuch Prediledlion. Indeed, though
this Part of the above Claufe has alfo been
fufpended in Favour of Mr Prov — t, it af-
fords you Matter of Joy, rather than Caufe
of Complaint •, becaule his long Service^ great
Skill in military Affairs, his known Honour
to the Prince he formerly ferved, his Merit
in fo fpeedily, fo fully, and fo cheaply, rai-
iing his Regiment of Germans^ fo timely fent
to the Colonies, fo agreeable to the Difpofi-
tions of the Inhabitants, and fo promijing of
national
rai-
[ 43 ]
national Service, render him an Objed de^
ferving fuch high Diilin6tion.
Great as this Advantage from German
Troops may prove to America^ there is yet
one Objedl which muft pierce the Heart of
every Englijhman with unfpeakable Anguifli j
it is the numerous Germans which are inlifted
in the Guards. This (lamps the moft flagrant
Difgrace on Englijh Loyalty, and raifes the
moft honourable Refentment againft a M — r
in all who behold his M y's facred Pfer-
fon furrounded by foreign Soldiers. Nor will
I, though an Angel came from Heaven to
tell it me, believe an Englijh King can con-
ceive himfelf fafe, protected by German
Guards, be acquainted with, and permit this
Affront to reft on Subjedls who have never
ftained their Allegiance, Surely the Guards
of facred Perfons are in Places of military
Trufl^ or what Idea can bs annexed to the
Exprellion. Who can be affared of the Fi-
delity of fuch Men, accuftomed to be fold
and ready to be bought to any Purpofe ?
Who can clofe his Eye in Peace, alarmed by
Apprehenfions for the precious Life of his
moft facred M y ; particularly when we
confider what has been fo lately attempted on
the Life of the Moft Chriftian King.
G 2 Away
:w
J
[ ++ ]
t
( 1
Away then with every venal and fu-
fpedted German ; free the Nation from it's
pears and the K^ — g from Dangei j fuffer not
the ftanding Reproach of Difloyahy with
which the M r has fligmatized you j let
your Prince know, what your Fathers thought
and accomplished concerning the Dw/cZ? Guards
of King William^ how difpleafing to them,
how reludantly he difmifled them, and the
Intereft he loft in his Subjedls Hearts by that
ill-judged Partiality ; you will then have no
longer Caufe to complain. With what royal
Condefcenlion has your S fcnt back the
JI «j, becaufe they were no longer plea-
fing to the Nation. Will he not do the like
with Refpecft to thofe Germans which are in-
lifted in the Guards ?
Nor, in this Part alone of this Article,
does this Adl feem to be virtually, if not lite-
rally, infraded ; for though Lands and Te-
nements may not have been granted to Fo-
reigners, Are not Penfions for one and thirty
Years abfolute, within the Letter of this
Law ? Do they not defcend from Father to
Son ? Are they not juftly ftiled Heredita-
ments ? At leaft, Are they not contrary to
the Intent and Spirit of the Ad ? Deprivations
of
\s\
:le,
te-
'e-
o-
ty
lis
I to
a-
to
)f
[ 45 ]
of that Money, which, raifed by the Subje(5>s
of the Realm, ought to be difpofcd of only
for their Service. Why then do the Names
of Sporkey Herman Hobourge^ Steinbergs Gra-
venbope^ Schuts^ Schroder^ T- , Schaub,
fland oppofite to nine thoufand three hundred
Pounds in the Lift of Penlions, paid annually
by the Revenues of Ireland? What are their
Pleas of Merit for thefe Rewards ? Are they
all according to the righteous Commandments
of the King of Kings.
Besides thefe, Numbers ftand as Penfio-
ners on England. Is it not Time to wipe
them from the Lift, when this Nation is now
agonizing at the laft Gafp, drained to the laft
Drop, by Transfufion of the vital Power of
England into Germany^ to fuftain the unna-
tural Interefts of H r ? Certainly your
S— — n knows it not ; your and his Enemies
have alike concealed from him and you the
approaching Ruin.
There yet remains another Article, which
requires the moft facred Obfervation, eflential
to the very Being of a P— — nt, and fecuring
the Members you return the genuine Repre-
fentatives of your Rights and Privileges. It
is,
«' That
T
i\
[ 46 ]
" That no Pcrfon who has an Office or
Place of Profit under the King, or receives
a Penfion from the Crown, Oiall be capa-
ble of ferving as a Member of the Houfc
" of Commons."
cc
<c
cc
The manifefl: Defign of framing this
Claufe, was to fecure your Part of the Confti-
tution from the Influence which the Crown
might otherwife obtain by the Power of Poft
and Penfion, and, of Confequence, from that
of the M' r alfo. Now, though no Offence
may ever have been committed again ft this
Part by the immediate Interpofiiion of the
Crown ; yet few Men, T nagine, will deny,
that an Influence, equall ^ odudtivc of Evils,
which this Article was intended to prevent,
has been long exerted by the late M rs ;
and that, in former P nts, Places have
been fplit, and the Salary weighed out, like
Provifions to Sailors on a (hort Allowance,
becaufe the Crew was too large, and the
Stores too fmall, to give every Man the full
Quantity j not to preferve the Ship, but from
a very different Motive, to fecure them as
Evidence in Favour of the Captain, who may
one Day be tried for having embezzled the
Cargo.
Now
[47]
ICC or
ceives
capa-
Houfc
; this
:onfti-
l^rown
f Pod
m that
)flFence
I ft this
of the
I deny,
■ Evils,
revent,
rs;
:s have
It, like
wance,
lid the
the full
jt from
letn as
ho may
led the
Now turn your Eyes on the two Ads
abovementioned, framed as the Bulwarks
which were imprcgnably to inviron all your
Liberties, and eftablifh on a Rock, eternally
immovable, the Bafis of the Conftitution.
Tell me, then, what remains of all the boaft-
cd Bleflings, the Royal Family excepted,
which were obtained by the Revolution.
Where is that Glory fled, which, emanating
from thofe Laws, was for ever to furround
the Head of Liberty ? Is there a Ray re-
maining fufficient to difcover where (lie
dwells ?
To fuch a forlorn Condition, within the
Age of Man, you have been reduced by
m rial Iniquity; and though I am not a
Cafuift of fufficient Abilities to explain, how
a Sovereign, confentaneous to his Coronation-
Oath, could aflent to thofe Ads which alienate
Rights, that by Compad he had fworn to
prelerve. Yet there are, I doubt not, a-
mongft my Lords the Bifliops, many who
can folve this Diflicuky, and quiet every
Doubt arifing in the Mind, with the fame
Facility they do their own on fimilar Occa-
fions.
Now
Nor
[48 }
Nor is it only by the Annihilation of thofe
Claufes, that M rs have reduced you to a
worfe State of m rial Defpotifrn than be-
fore the Revolution. Other Laws have been
framed, incompatible with the Exiftence of
a free State. A Magiftrate, in the Power of
a M r, and Nomination of the Crown,
is by Law impowered to commit the Freemen
of England to a Jail, if more than twelve
meet together, and do not difperfe at his
Word of Command ; which Difobedience is
Deatii by the fame Law. What Chriftian
Nation in Europe has any Thing fo dcfpotick
in it's Nature .? The innumerable Hardflbips
in the Adl of Smuggling, which the Subjed:
is liable to fuffer from the Malice of latent
Enemies, is a mod grievous Oppreffion, as
well as all Statutes where the Subjed: has no
Appeal from Officers of the Crown to the
Courts of Law. What are all thofe Infor-
mations which have been encouraged by the
late M — rs in the Court of King s-Bench,
for pretended Libels ; where you are arbitra-
rily put to Expence, and though innocent,
and never brought to Tryal, yet without all
Power of Redrefs. What are they but the
Reftoration of the Star-Chamber ? Why are
you
i
. [ 49 ]
you deprived of the conflitutional Method by
Indidlment?
The Marriage Ad, by which the leaft
criminal is rendered guilty, and the moft cri-
minal unpuni(hable : That inflids Penalties
on the Clergy, from which all other Subjeds
are exempt. - .
: The Power which a C ■ ■ r aflumes, of
committing thofe who are legally married
and their Relations to Prifon : What is it in
EfFe(fl but another Court of Wards.
/(
>^> :>
• As to Popery, thank Heaven, we are in no
Danger of feeing a Prince of that Religion on
this Throne 5 no Man can deny the Royal
Family the Juftice of acknowledging that
they are thorough Proteflants.
But whether that Deluge of Irrellgion and
Irreverence for the Supreme Being, which
has been let in upon the Nation, fo that Bl-
fliops have bjen encouraged to depreciate the
Objcft of your Woitliip, and Corruption let
loofe to the effacing all moral and religious
Obligation, annihilating the very Idea of a
God from the Minds of the highefl: and low-
eft Clafs of People, be lefs pernicious to the
H State
M"
State in a M-
[ 50]
■— r, than an Attempt to in-
troduce Popery in a King j you will decide
for yourfelves. One Thing, however, I may
venture to affirm ; the Motives in each pro-
bably fprung from a very different Origin :
In the King, it might be Zeal for the Caufe
of God, and the Salvation of thofe, whofc
Souls he conceived in Danger of eternal Per-
dition, by continuing in the fame Perfwafion :
In the M r, Defign to eradicate every
Senfe of Duty as a Citizen and Chriftian, to
lay open the Minds of the People to the Pre-
valence of Money, to break down every Prin-
ciple of Virtue by Corruption, to remove all
Obje(!ilion to his Intent of fubverting the State,
that he might reign fupreme through fuch
deteftablc Atchievements. ^ ; ; ....o-u'I i
The firft, however miftaken and contra-
didiory to the Genius and Welfare of this
Confutation, might take it's Birth from
Good-Will towards Mankind.
The latter could fpring but from the moft
nefarious of all Defigns, that of vitiating eve-
ry Heart, and enllaving a whole People. ,
Through the Courfe of what I have faid
to you, I have fuppofed for the laft forty
Years,
[51 ]
Years, before the Commencement of the prc-
fcnt P'^ nt, that your Reprefentatives have
been under undue m -rial Influence, ille-
gally eleded, and contradidory to the Genius
of a free State ; which abiolutely requires
they (hould be independent. But, even in
fuppofing them free in every Senfe, could
they have conftitutionally given away or alie-
nated your Rights and Privileges ? You mud
afTuredly pofTefs the fame Title to thefe Im-
munities, which your Forefathers pofTelTed
in the Reign o^ Richard the Second ; when,
by the Machinations and Perfwafions of that
King and his Minifters, that execrable Par-
liament of 1397, ^" ^^^ facrilegious Vote,
impudently repealed every falutary Law of
their Anceflors, attempted to fubvert the
Conftitution, declared the King fuperior to
the Laws, and transformed the Authority of
the Sovereign into the lawlels Power of a Ty-
rant.
loft
'e-
lid
■ty
irs,
The Senfe of your Progenitors was by no
Means altered by this audacious Adlion j they
deemed the Conftitution paramount to the
united Powers of P nt, their Li' erties
incapable of being given up by their Repre-
fentatives : ihey took Arms, oppofed the Kinr,
their Reprefentatives, and his Abettors, .d
. . . H 2 rcftored
r^F
™
[ 53 ]
rcftorcd their ancient Rights and Privileges,
Such was the exalted Love of Liberty, the ho-
nourable and virtuous Behaviour of your An-
ceflors, on that important Occafion 5 they
obliged Richard the Second to abdicate his
Throne, for having ufurped their Rights by
Confent of Parliament, In like Manner
ycimes the Second, in attempting a fimilar
Defign by extended Prerogative, fuffered thp
Jike Fate, and abdicated alfo.
Shall then M' rs in England^ the Ser-
vants of the Pubiick, in the Reign of George
the Second, perpetrate, without being called
to a national Enquiry, what Sovereigns havp
never dared to attempt with Impunity ?
Awake then, inftrud your Members, re-
nionftrate inceflandy to your Prince, fet forth
the Juftice ^f your Requeft, petition the Re-
peal of thofe Laws which have fecluded you
from Rights and Privileges renewed by the
Revolution, and urge the NecefTity of being
reftored ; let not Pieafure, Pain, or Sleep, ef-
face that Image from ypur Minds, nor change
that Refolutioii of your Souls, 'till you obtain
the Liberties, of which by M rs you have
been fpoiled, and you deliver the Conftitution
|Q yoiir Sons as you received it from your
fathers.
[S3]
Ffl^thers. So (IwU fucceeding Generations
blefs the prefcnt, and your Names be fairly
written in the Records of immortal Glory.
For either your Forefathers, whofe Adions
have fo often warmed your Hearts in reading
their Story j from whom you glory to have
defcended, had no juft Title to recover
thofe Rights, which their Reprefentatives
gave op in the Reign of Richard: Or that Ti-
tle fubfifts in full Force in that of George the
Second, and may be as righteoufly exerted by
you againfl m rial, as by them again^
royal, Power. For you neither have nor can
forfeit the Claim of fueing for Redrefs of
Grievances; nor M ■ rs obtain a legal Con-
fent and conftitutional Authority from your
Reprefentatives, of rendering inefFcdlual thofe
Statutes, which were made to protect your
JLiberties, and preferve your Share in the
Conflitution.
» *
, This muft inevitably be the Opinion,
whatever be the prefent Profeffion, of all who
have juftified and fupported the Eftablifhment
of the Prince of Orange and the prefent Fa-
mily on the Throne of thefe Realms ; other-
wife, they renounced without Reafon, and
adopted without Principle i they have relin-
. quifhed
\ I'
I '(. 5
«: !;' \
quidied the mofl: prevalent Arguments in Fa- ^
vour of the Revolution, and ftand felf- con-
demned Criminals. For would it not be a
ftrange Manner of arguing to urge, that thofc
Laws were elTentially neccfTary at that Time,
to preferve us againfl: arbitrary Power in a
King, and necdlefs at prefent againfl the Dc-
fpotifm of a M— -r. . ; .,..,.
1 1 •* ^. ' w
'1
Nor can I conceive any Way of thinking
fo promifing of Prejudice to the royal Line ;
fhould you, the People, conceiving that all
Security arifing from thofe Adls is rendered
ineffectual by m rial Influence, infer, that
every mutual Compadl is virtually difTolved :
When the mofl important Articles on one
Part are rendered effete and without Efficacy,
thofe on the other flill remaining in all
their original Vigour; and thence think your^
felves abfolved from all Allegiance.
The very thought, like the Hand of
Death, mufl flrike every Man with Dread,
when he refledls how numerous are the Blef-
fings with which the prefent royal Houfe has
enriched this Land ; how convincing the Rea-
fons which oblige him to cherifh every ardent
wifh for their long Life and Profperity j and
how perilous the Situation into which they
.,,,,. ' may
of
;ief-
has
.ea-
lent
land
ley
lay
{55 ]
may be brought by the Mifdeeds and Iniqui-
ties of the late M rs.
Thus, then, the Breaches of the Conftitu-
tion may be alike fatal to the Crown as to
the Subject, and the Neceflity of it*s being
reftored becomes the equal Concern of King
and People. . , < •? • ' ^'>"
Certainly, nothing can be more avcrfe
to the Inclination of a good Prince, than-
fcreening M rs who have oppreiTed his
Subjeds. By fuch Meafures, did not Richard,
yames, and many others, incur the Difplea-
iiire which their M rs would otherwife
have felt, and, by becoming their Protestors,
rowfe the Wrath of an injured Nation, and
fuffer accordingly ?
But, fincc the Seafon is now pall:, in
which the late Ad n entirely poffeffed
the r- — al Ear, the Rays of Truth, darting
from other Underftandings, may probably
reveal new Profpeds, and difpel that Obfcu-
rit^ from Fads difguifed and FaKhoods con-
cealed, which, hanging like Mifls before
your S n's Eyes, prevented him from
difcovering the pernicious Tendency of his
late Advifers.
Bv
i
1
■ ■
III,
i
[56]
> * '
By Means of this Illumination, thofe who
have undefervingly rifen by fpurious Means,
like Hubert de Burgh, alike difpofed to fix
or to deftroy your Conftitution on felfifh
Views alone; who have obtained the high
Honours of Earl and Baron, degraded from
their Ranks, may unpitied, with the jufleft
Ignominy, ftand on the Rock of wild Ambi-
tion, dcferted and cxpofed, amidft the Waves
of popular Contempt ; like the Edyftone a-
m id ft the Sea, a warning Light to all, who,
through falfe Glory, Avarice, Pride, betray-
ing, ill advifing, or felling their King and
Country, may hereafter rife from the loweft
Extradtion to the higheft Honours.
Such has been the Fate of the Bill of Rights
and h€t of Settlement, obtained with Honour
and loft with Ignominy, preferved from Kings
and facrificed by M— — rs. Yet ftrangc as it
may appear, fuch is the diffolute Nature of
thofe Men, who are attached to the Meafures
of the late Ad n, the Author of a
Pamphlet, called the Confiitution, has omit^
ted every Confideration of this Kind, and,
with affcded Tendernefs for his dear Country,
ilrives to alarm you with the Danger which
attends
.1
who
cans,
D fix
elfifli
high
from
ufteft
imbi-
Vaves
ine a-
who,
ctray-
g and
lowed:
ights
,onour
[Kings
as it
ire of
;afures
of a
omit-
and,
luntry,
rhich
Ittends
.i
C 57 ]
attends your Liberties from the future At-
tempts of the prcfent Miftifter. _..
In fetting'out he declares, " His Defign is
" to animate and unite the FViends of the
.** Conftitution in it's Defence and Preferva-
tion." Yet, as if it were flill undamaged
and entire, mentions nothing of that Diftrefs
in which it is involved at prefent, by thofe
whom he abets and fears only for the future.
Strange Blindnefs, in not perceiving the Mi-
feries to which it is reduced j ftrange Perfpi-
cuity, in feeing that, of which no Symptom'
can fpeak the Approach, becaufe it is already
part ; ftrange Inattention to your Interefts,
which has now firft alarmed you of your
Danger ; ftrange Defign of animating and
uniting the Friends of the Conftitution, to
the Prefervation of what is already loft, and
thus, by calling your Eyes from thofe Pilots
which hav fliipwreckcd your Liberties, fix
them on thofe who have not long enough
poflefted the Helm to have fteered amifs. ;i
,M*J
! !•».
This Danger on the Part of Mr P — , and
this friendly Alarm on the Part of the Au-
thor, he tells you, " Aiifes from the M — ~rs
'* having excluded fome Men moft em^nent-
1* ,ly capable of ferving. their Country, and
^i^ J ** introduced
1 3
** introduced others new to Bufinefs, and not
*' diftinguiflied by fu'pcrior Abilities."
\.. kA« 1
■ WnEREare they to be found, the fc Men
(o eminently capable ot ferving their Coun-
try ? Why did this Writer omit the Inftances
they have given of their great Capacity ? Is
the prefent fodorn Condition of the whole
Reahn the Proof he means to bring ? What
of prudent or happy has, for a Length of
Years, entered into the Ad tion ? Howe-
ver, he declares he does not mean the veteran
M — '— "f, whofe confufed Speech and unfta-
ble Motion are the exadt Emblem of his Con-
duct in the M— — ^-ly; who- Swivel-headed,
like that Machine fixed in Cherry-Gardens,
to preferve the Fruit from Birds, obeys the
Breath of every Wind, ft ill noify according
to it's varying Impulfe ; fo long placed in one
Situation, that even foreign Pilferers grew
acquainted with his Impotence, gathered your
Fruits beneath his Eyes, and fung in pure Se-
curity and Contempt of you and your Guar-
dian.
Is it that Man, tremendous in Mifchief,
whofe Laws are thofe of Oppreffion and Ty-
ranny, whofe Soul, like the niceft Ballance,
inftantly inclines to that Side into which the
greateft
|ief,
fy-
icc,
(the
teft
[ 59 f
grcatcft Weight of Gold is thrown, and de-
clares accordingly ; feeing only through one
contradlcd Aperture, illiberal, illiterate, un-
forgiving, and detefted. -^i.i :']'*
«'l ;,'>iiUt;7-H.3
.' U J
» I'lrf t
;
AnjW'^V^ 8i,M
Is it he, whdfe Condu(5l, like that of the
Viper warmed, has been one continued Irt-
flance of P'^rdition to his Country which en-
riched, and Ingratitude to his God who prc-
ferved, him ? Whofe every Plan has been the
Creature of Ignorance or Treachery in him,
the Source of Difgrace and Ruin to you. '
Duller than the Waters of Oblivion, Stupidi-
ty governed by Impertinence,
Or he, whofe rank Ambition, backed
with what afpires to the , would bind
you all in military Chains, the Condition of
whofe former acquiring the M ry, was
the introducing Germans to your Difgrace,
and fuftaining H r to your Undoing ?
Whofe darinfi is equal to every Attempt but
that of doing right j whofe Luft of Eypence
and Pleafure would pillage yoiir iaft Shilling
to fate itfelf ; infenfible to the Motives of true
Honour, Love of his Country, and the Mi-
fcrics you feel; acknowledging no Limit to
his delpotick Will but Impoflibility ; like Sa-;;
jfan, more mifchievous after his Fali.
\
w
•:.I. hill 'ftj *!) f v.** ' -^
Are thefe the excluded Mcn>, (o cminent-i.
ly capatie of forving their Country? If it b|^
ill Underftanding, their Pronenefs to Mifchicf
has prevented them from exerting it. If
from Good- Will towards Mankind, their In-
capacity has effaced the whole Defign. Thu*
the Alliance of Wcaknefs or Iniquity, like
Gravitation, which operates ftrongeft in the
heaviefl Matter, has hurried all your Privile-
ges and Expedlations down towards the Cen^
ter of Darknefs and Deflrudion. . - ' >.
■ *^'f'>
,\// kA
■■ .•«..»'.»•
I nl
How then does the new S— — — y ftand un-
juftified in lemoving fuch Men from publick
Ad tion ? Whom (hould he introduce
but thofe he is intimately acquainted with ?
Aduated by the fame honourable Motives,
purfuing the fame falutairy Eoci^, and in
whom he may falely confide. In adting c-
therwife, he would have adopted the very
Errors of thofe this Writer applauds, . likp,
them been furrounded by Knaves and^Foplsi
and ypur Rui^i fliil continued by a Cbqng|9
ofM—
•rs
1 . » * *.' *• >
..I
r"^ ■ . t f '
But at length, fuch is the Difficulty of
long concealing the real Nature of Men's De-
figns, the true Sentiments of this Author burll ,
into open Difcovery in the following Words,
relative
■\,
c-
I :
of
lift.
[ds,
ive
C 6i ]
relative to the late Sir Rolf — / IV'-^ple, ** his
'* highed Abilities will be faid moft unjujily
" to have confifted in corrupting." Is he
not then the Abetter of his Condud ? Has he
not joined in this Deftrudion of your Confti-
tution ? Does he not long to complete that
Purpofc ? Is dot his Heart rent in being dif-
placcd or difappointed by him he calumniates ?
Docs he not dread the Lois of Place or Pen-
iion, envy Merit, or deteft Virtue ? Thence
fprings his long Silence and prefent babbling
of Danger : Thence this Zeal tor the preferv-
ing a Conftiiution alreadv ruined : Will not
thefe Things for ever renuc all he has written,
or {hall hereafter wne, void of Attention or
Belief? For what Man can merit the leail de-
gree of Credit, wtu) Favours the Conduct of
that M r, wh«>, to the Mind of Man like
the Earthquake to Lijbon^ left not one hu-
man Virtue unfhakcn to the Ground? w..
Another Crime which by this Writer is
imputed to thei Charge of the new M r
is, that ** Mr P — in Port might by his Ad-
** vice have animated, or by his Diapprv-ba-
" tions awed, Mr P m^ to Mea.urcs more
** honourable and Advantageous to the Na-
" tion.** la this thfe Wiiter declares what
}s next to impofTible ^ by what fuperior Power
of
[62 ]
of Genius can bnc Man animate another,
whofe Capacity is incapable of comprehending
any Thing extenfive or fublime, or awe the
Heart of that timid Deer into Aftions of For-
titude, if he could have comprehended it.
If Mr P — long held his Place in Compla-
cency, it was itill in Expedation, that, at
length underftood by the M fs, he might
gain the Opportunity of being heard by His
Sr- n, and fave the Land : From this Jealou-
fy excluded him. If he held it in Silence, he
both held and renounced it with Honour, to
open his Lips for the Prefervation of his
Country. To have declined joining with the
veteran M r, even the Writer of the
Conftitution agrees is univerfally approved :
And not joining with him he favours, is yet
more applauded by all honeft Lips j becaufe
recommended by him and Men of fuch per-
nicious Principles* Folly, though deftru<^ive
to a State, may poffibly be led by Integrity
and Wifdom ; but dired and avowed Iniquity
tends invariably to Deftrudtion.
Yet notwithftanding this Author's Appro-
bation of not joining the M r, which he
has delineated, he fays, ** it muft be acknow-
ledged, that he has left Mr P— a Fleet
fuperior to ihat of our Enemies, and an Ar-
my
C(
<c
((
f 63 ]
>ro-
he
leet
<c
(f
it
my fufficient to repel and avenge an igno-
minious Invafion at Home, yet fend our
Colonies a vigorous and cfFedual Support."
' • In this Allertion I wiHi he may not be
miftaken, and that the Calamities arifing
from the late Ad n, by two Years fa-
tal Mifmanagement, may not have involved
the prefent M rs in Difficulties far fupe-
rior to thofe which exifted at this Time
two Years 5 notwithftanding the State of the
prefent Fleet and prefent Army.
This I (hall endeavour to prove in a Sixth
Letter to you, that no Man may be caufelefsly
led to inveigh agiinH: the prefent M y,
for not remedying in Weeks, the Evils which
have been fuperinduced by forty Years Mif-
conduft and Iniquity ; and that your Miferies
do not inftantly vanifli at the coming of a
new M r, like Apparitions at the Word
of a Magician.
Who the GentL-man is, which this Wri-
ter recommends to the new M r as an
Example of Temper and Moderation, is not
eafy to divine from any likenefs between the
Charader and any M— r lately difmiffcd ;
he cannot mean that Man whofe Moderation
has
[6+]
has cngrofled and given to his Cojiln the At-
torney's Clerk, employments as lucrative as
all thofe which the M r's Family pofTcfs,
againft which he (o grievoufly inveighs.
Whole Spirit of Modefty prompted him to
give under his own Hand, to Men of fuperior
Birth, fuperior Fortune, and fuperior Under-
ilanding, that he had undertaken the Ma-
nagement of them. Indeed he has recom-
mended a Militia as unconftitutional as a
ftanding Army, and may have advifed the
fending back the H «j, fearing left
more pofitive Commands to exempt thefe Fa-
vourites from condign Punishment, in diredl
Breach of the Conftiiution, may effedtually
prevent the Army of England from perpetrat-
ing on fome future Occafion, what he and
his AfTociate may have no fmail Inclination to
attempt. ..... . . ., ... . ,
Had the new S y even violently taken
PoflefTion of the Seals from this Man, the
Heir apparent, the King, and the People,
have ample Reafon to rejoyce. For Pofts of
great Import in PofTeflion of daring and
defpotick M rs, may on certain Events
fill the Land with Civil War, Rapine, and
Murder. For what has not a Nation to
dread, which will not tamely relinquifh it's
Rights
akeri
the
ople,
s of
and
ents
and
to
it's
fhts
[65]
Rights and Privileges : To prfeferve which
may Heaven ever infpire you, if fuch Men,
who, daring all Things, may hereafter pof-
fefs the Power of fpreading the hidden Mil-
lions of H r amongft the military of this
Land.
But let this Writer declare, by what
Means ** the new S 'ry has violently ta-
*^ ken Poflefiion of his Poft, by Methods
** wholly unknown to the Conftitution."
Or will he be condemned for afferting what he
cannot prove ? Has he taken the Seals, as
1'eague took the Covenant, by Force? Has
he raifed a Rebellion in the Kingdom, and
poflefTed them by Dint of Arms ? But proba-
bly this Author thinks, that fruftrating the
vicious Purpofes of bad M rs, and expel-
ling them the Ad -tion, is the moft cri-
minal of all Rebellions. Or is the obtaining
popular Good- Will by fuperior Abilities, and
the Ncceffity of changing Meafurcs, from
m ^rial Infufficiency and Mifconduct, and
thence being called to the Seals, violently un-
conftitQtional in his Opinion ? But in this
^lactt, does not this Zeal for his Favourite,
perhaps for himfclf, outiliooc his Prudence,
and, throw a browniOi Shade over his
M (ly, who, on fuch Terms, delivered
K the
[ 66 ]
tlic Seals to the new S y ? Where then
was that Magnanimity which was fo remark-
ably exerted at Dettingen '? Where was the
Dignity of our Nobles, and the Freedom of
our Reprefentatives, that they bore this In-
tuit fo filently ? To fpeak in his Words,
Were they all jj;aming at A r's, or faft
afleep in their Beds, when he took them ?
And in what Manner do four Men, allyed
to the M r only by AtBnity, extend his
Family through all the great Offices of State ?
Or who behold this with Indignation but the
Writer, and Men like him, dreading to fee
thofe rifing into Power, who muft fink them
to fave the Nation ?
He then proceeds to fay, ** If the fe are
undeniable Fads, it is in Vain to evade
their Force by any fuppofed Malignity in
the Writer, by any Affurance that he loves
you not, or by Conjcdures of his Attach-
ments to another Gentleman, whom it is
apparent you do not love. Come Truth
from Heaven or Hell, it's Force is cqual^
and not to believe is ecjual Obftinacy and
Biindnefs,"
But is the W^ord Fauf to give Reality to
Allertions,, unfupported by Proof, and as to
the
;':. .«
:h.
to
to
[ 67 ]
the Malignity of the Writer, who loves not
the M r, and his Attachments to his Fa*
vourite, whom the M r loves not. Cer-
tainly the latter wiQies not to evade the Force
of what he fays by fuch mean Artifice. It is
the infeparable Delight of all honeil Minds,
to be bated by fuch Men, and not to love
fuch as he approves : For Virtue cannot bear
to be efteemed by, or to efleem, Vice, in any
Shape whatever. And this is 1 ruth and Na-
ture, " come it from Heaven or Kdl."
The Writer then proceeds to afk, '* What
*' Virtues, what Excellencies, do ihefe nevy
" Men bring with them ?" — That of Inte-
grity, of more Worth than the Wildom of
Solomon and the feven Sages diverted of that
Virtue. And let me afk, What Virtues have
been difmifled in his Friend, unlels Rapaci-
oufnefs, publick Profufion, premeditated Mif-
chief, and Third of ruling by miliiary Power,
enter into his Lift of Excellencies ? What
Proof has he given of great Abilitie?, unlefs
it be that of doing wrong in all Things r
The new M r pretends not to prote<fl
by fpeaking in the Houfe of Commons, but
to convert by Reafon and fave by Adion ;
and though F<7;z/^^rz/^/*s covering his Army
■, . . K 2 with
in
[ 68 ]
with his Tongue may, in the Writer's Opi-
nion, be an arch Piece of Pleafantry, as ap-
plicable to an Orator j yet, believe me, the
new M r faw the Storm coming, and
you have felt it j which the Writer and his
P'riend coniidcr only as the balmy Dew and
gentle Breath of Zephyr, fertilizing and fat-
tening their PaflLires ; like the Inhabitants of
inhofpitable Shores, thriving by the Ship-
wreck and Ruin of the Innocent and Indu-
llrious. From this, indeed, the S tary
would have proteded you, had his Speech
found Favour, and his Admonitions been o-
beyed ; fo far in covering you with his Tongue
the Caracatura may have fome Refembiance.
After this the Writer infers, from the
newnefs of thofe in Office, that the fame Ig-
norance muft: attend them which lately ac-
companied a noble Lord in liis Plea for Ex-
cufe before a certain Tribunal. But he is
miftaken ; the Deficiency of that Nobleman
fprang from another Caufe ; neither from
Newnefs nor Want of Pradice, but from the
Want of that which Heaven has bellowed on
thofe whom he calumniates, and which,
when imparted, renders Men fit for every
Duty of the State, and, when denied, im-
proper for any.
AfTEI^
ac-
X-
is
an
m
he
on
h.
^
[ 69]
^,rr
fi
(C
<<
After that, this Friend of the ConQitu-
tion tells you very fublimely, '* Gold, from
the Slave who digs it to the Wretch who
hides, requires no very extraordinary Ta-
lents." And yet this Sublimity is little
better than Nonfenfe ; for what is the mean-
ing of Gold requiring no extraordinary Ti?-
ie?2ts? If he means by this a fmall Invedive
againft Mr L , he fhould have remem-
bered, that he that careth for his own, may
not unlikely care for the Nation's Money al-
fo J and not, alike lavifli of both, pillage to
wafte, and Iquander to deftroy.
This farcaftic Stroke of all others is the
moft unjuft, and proves the leafl: efFedual
againft him at whom it was levelled. He
has given a moft noble Inftance of his At-
tachment to the Good of his Country, by re-
fufmg to affix his Name to what he deemed
illegal in Favour of Germans ; and of his Su-
periority to the Love of Money, by renoun-
cing that Poft, to which the Neceflity of the
Times and his own Merits have agam called
him.
((
To this he adds, " Yet happily for the
Nation, his Majefty, as his almoji laji AB
of
((
I
((
t(
C(
cc
[70]
of royal Authority^ has placed a noble
Duke, upon whole Vigilance and Integrity
the Nation may rely, at .the Head of that
Board." What can be the Meaning of
thcfe Words ? Has his Majefty refigned and
given all Power into the Hands of this noble
Duke, by this alinoft: lad Adt ? But, as the
Writer really means, into the Hands of the
S y, mull he not be confounded, at hav-
ing fpoken a Thing fo difrefpedtful of his
S n in Favour of his Favourite ? Can the
royal Authority oe reduced to a more humi-
liating State, than when, with War Abroad
and Rebellion at Home, without common
Decency and Refpedt, the late M rs
threatened to delert their P — e in his utmoft
Need, unlefs their Commands were abfolutely
complyed with ? What Infult, what Violence,
has ever equalled that Adion, when they
compelled him, as it were, to continue them
in Place, to his Diflionour and the Nation's
Ruin ? Yet this Outrage even on his M y,
this candid Friend of the Conftitution has ne-
ver remarked, and dreamed only on that
which never exifted. , - . . -'
cc
cc
He then adds, " But if our Navy mufl
be governed by the fame Inflind (as the
* Treafury) J if, when Experience and
Knowledge
i
noble
egri;y
)i that
ng of
d and
noble
as the
3f the
,t hav-
of his
an the
humi-
^broad
mmon
utmoft
blutely
lence,
they
them
ation's
— y>
las ne-
that
mufl
IS the
and
«c
cc
cc
(C
<c
(<
[71 ]
Knowledge in Profeflion have failed in the
Deftination of our Fleets, and the Choice
of their Commanders ? If a total Inexpe-
rience, and an Ignorance that can hardly
be fuppofed to know the Points of the
Compafs; if they can fucceed, let the
Winds and Waves be our Pilots."
These are his fatirical Strokes on a No-
bleman, who, however deferving the former
may be whom he applauds, merits no lefs
Approbation from you his Countrymen, if
Steadinefs for Liberty, Oppofition to German
Troops and German Interefts, and Zeal for
this Conftitution, deferve a Nation's Efteem,
But let this Writer declare, on what he
founds the Experience and Knowledge of the
late m e M r. It cannot be on his
Siiccefs ; he has had none. Is it from Length
of Service ? The eldefi: Boatfwain in the Na-
vy has a much better Title to it. But, alas !
Experience and Knowledge in fuch Cafes a-
rife from Strength of Capacity and much Re-
flection, and not failing round the World be-
tween the two Ends of a Ship, the two for-
mer of which were never within the Reach
of the late m e M r. And, if know-
ing the Points of the Compafs be neceflary
to
w
[72]
to the Head of the Ad ty, it is not the
Work of half an Hour to accomphfli j pro-
bably Lord W -fea knows them not to
iJiis Hour, any more than might Blake^
Monke, and the Duke of Tork^ whofe Pru-
dence, Courage, and real Knowledge, have
nevci been called in Qneftion ; whofe Con-
duft and whofe Victories do Honour to the
Nation. The little Duties of a Seaman are
by no Means requifite to be known by a
Commander in Chief or Head of the A y }
and, had the Waves and Winds been our
Pilots for thefe two lad Years, Chance might
have given us that Succefs, of which Igno-
rance or Treachery has deprived us j for mere
Cafuali^ is preferable to Weaknefs or Iniqui-
ty, the hrft: may condud you right, the laft
mull lead you wrong.
As to that Heroifm and Enthufiafm with
which the Multitude is charmed, men-
tioned and contemned by the Writer of the
Conftitution, it is certainly an Objed: worthy
their Admiration. Reafon is cool and inad:-
iye, loft in Confideration, an i doubtful from
Refearch : Unaccompanied wiih this celeftial
Ardor, nothing great has ever been accom-
pliflied : Men, animated by that Charm,
are awed by no Fears, intimidated by no
Alenaces,
ot the
i pro-
lot to
Blake,
e Pru-
, have
I Con-
to the
an are
by a
— yj
jn our
might
r mere
Iniqui-
he laft
with
men-
lof the
orihv
inadt-
|l from
leleftial
iccom-
harm,
^ no
:naces.
(i(
C(
<c
ir
cc
ft
[ 73 ]
Menaces, nor reftraincd by any Danger, in
the Caufc of Liberty and their Country. And
when this Writer fays, ** That the truly great
Man, who can moderate his own Ambi-
tion, who founds his Plans in Wifdom,
and rather chufes to prevent an Evil by his
Prudence, than to conquer it by his Cou-
rage, is not of your Taftc, and is an Ob-
ject above your Underftanding :" Why
does not he draw a Likcnefs, or write the
Name under his Figure, that the Portrait
may be known ? Is it that open foreheaded,
ruddy-cheeked fair-faced Gentleman of the
World Exirao, 'nary which he means ? If
h€ does, he is miftaken ; you know the Mo-
deration of his Ambition, and that his De-
figns are not above the Underftanding of the
Vulgar i every Man is convinced, from his
military Connedlions and engrofling Spirit,
what is to be expecfted from him.
As to the Appellation of Demagogue and
Tribune of the People, with whk:h the Au-
thor prefents the S— , Names can never
hurt him, who thinks nothing more npblc
and Praife- worthy, than reftoring a People to
thofe Rights of which others have deprived
them. If the Nobles never interpofcd be-
tween his S n and him, it muit be, be*
L caufe
[ H ]
Cauft they knew no Safely hut in his heii)g
near the Throne. And certainly that " one
Marl, who, in the Confciournefs of his
Ahililies, the Dignity of his Birth, and the
Inriucnce of his Fortune, dared to call this
Mitiiller hy his proper Title, and artiire
his royal Mafter, that he would not calm-
ly ftand by to fee his Clofet ftormed, and
his facred Perfon violated by one facftious
Family," millook his Abilities, repented
of the Undertaking, ran away without de-
fending the Clofer, (landing the Storm, or
fighting for his royal Mafter ; for the Family,
ivhich the Writer denominates a Fadion, has
fucceeded, and we have never heard of this
great F^erfon's being conquered when they
got the Vidtoryi
?c*
{(
C(
c<
l(
ct
c<
Cf
y
< ■ Besides, what a Pack of Ingrates Were
the late M rs, not to have aififted his
M y's lacred Perfon, and held out the
Stege againfl: this tremendous Family of Fac-
tion, if they had not been convinced of the
contrary to that which this conftitutionai
'Writer has all along been driving to infi-
; vs^ 1 ■ K^^%^ w
nuate.
r _
"^'The next Thing this Authbr declares is,
"•' That he cannot be fuppofed to blame or
** reproach
• <iJi^a^
i S
18,
|e or
)ach
J
C 75 ]
** repraoach the Adminiftration of the pre-
*' fcnt M— — r, becaufe nothing has been
** done i but that he cxpcdted a gicat many
** Things might have been Ictiled, fuch as a
" Plan of Operations," which, fgr ought he
knows, is determined. " A Day of Enqui-
" ry named, which is fo loudly demanded \*
very likely it is, though it may be neceilary
to conceal it fiom him. '* A Scheme for a
** Militia j" it is brought into the IJoiift.
In lliort, this Writer expeds that the ne^
M r, like Harlequin with one Slap of
his wooden Sword, fliould indantly change
the gloomy Scenes which have long been
(landing, tor nevy ones of more Pleafure and
Ddightf . • . ,
V*.
.» * ■ I ..
4s to what he fays about the HeJJians^ he
knows the M r cannot be accufed for
tbpir tarrying fo long in this Nation ; his Fa-
vourite t^as confpjred tg prevent their Pepar-
W^i -rt' irt i,... ,j.;. .. ut:a' •, . 1a1
■>•■■"'•■' ■ '
Next to tl>is fijcceeds a Complirr)ent pf
Condolance for the new M r's Indifpofi-
tion, and an Indignation that the Councils of
this great Nation Ihould wait upon his Health.
It feems the Nation is not fenlible of this
§hame, and have not yet thought it vyorth
L 2 while
'IS,
[ 76 ]
while *o feek his Favourite's AfTirtance. The
Write: then add?;, ** That he thinks the new
«« M r greatl}/ capable of ferving, though
•* not of governing, this Country." What !
the Man who violated the facred Perfon of
the K — g and the Conrtitution capable of
ferving his Country ! Surely he forgets him-
fdf. The only Fault, then, it is apparent,
that he poiTefTes is, that he wil! not admit his
Friend into Partnerfliip ; and thus, like the
two Kings of Brentford, fmelling the fame
Odour of Power, be Joint- Governors of the
Realm. From thence arifes all his Indigna-
iion, becaufe the M r refufes the Affift-
ance of him, whofe whole Deligns are of ano-
ther Stamp, and whofe F.ndeavours would be
exerted fecretly, to oppofe and traverfe all the
Good which the S y intends for his
Country. But, let him know, Gold allayed
is of lefs Value. Thcfe are the Reafons which
determined the S— — y to oppole the Alliance
of the Writei's Fritiid, and not the Di£"c-
rence between the parhainentary Debates of
him and the Author's Favourite. For Men
may think well who exprefs it awkwardly ;
but he only who conceives with Judgment,
Force, and Intuition, who fpcaks wnh Power,
Eloquence, and Truth, v/hatever Burieig}\
GcdQlpbirty Richlicu^ and Mazarine^ might
do.
'j
irdly ;
jcnt,
)wer,
\ieigh,
do.
i
^
[ 77 ]
do, bids faircft to influence Mankind to bet-
ter Ways of thinking with refped to the
Welfare of this Country, and lave it from
the manifold Misfortunes with which it is
well nigh overwhelmed. .... . *
■■-■■■-,■._' ^' .^''
I COME now to the Title of this Produc-
tion, the Conftitution 'y *' Than which he
*' confefTes to know no other Name more
*' powerful or mc!^ (olemn 3 it includes our
•* dearefl moft valuable Poliefiions, Liberty
** and Religion." And yet thefe beft of Blcf-
fings he has fiiently feen deflroyed, and only
now Fears for them from the future Attempts
of the prefent M -r.
■■■ With what Countenance could he give it
this Name? Had his Zea! for this Liberty
and this Religion been fincere, would he,
through prelftnded Sollicitude for your Wel-
fare, have warned you again ft Dangers which
may arrive, and negleded to fuppreis thofe
which are already come ? Would he have in-
finuated the Dread of Ufurpation in the new,
arrd not oppofed the Defpoti^m (b^ the old,
M"- rs? Would he have calumniated the
Charader of Mr P — , to glofs that of him,
who, from being his Favourite and of fimilar
Sentiments, mud. be a dangerous Man?
But
1 78 ]
I
Wk
But his Principles arc feen and his Defigns
difcovered ; he has Ipread the Name Conjiitu^
tion upon his Performance, like Grwen-fword
on the Pit- fall, to enfnare the Englifi Lyon.
Stratagems difcovered gi''e Joy to thofe who
efcape, and Pain to thofe who are difappoint-
ed. And, to the fincere Sorrow of him and
his AfTociates, he will find the Man he means
to lefTen in your Efteem, will fupport his
Majefty's Crowr, and Dignity, promote the
Welfare of the People, improve the Condi-
tution, or relinquifh, with Honour, that Port
which he cannot pielcrve with Integrity.
Having thiis far animadverted on the
Spirit, Intent, and Difguife, of this Addrefs
to Mr F — , I fliall wave (hewing the Con-
tradidions which are to be found m it, to
take Notice of the firft Paper called the Con-
Jiitution. And here, as the Beginning of it
requires no particular Attention, Neceflity of
being examined, or denied j and the enqiji-
ring into the various Kinds of Governments
may be an ufeful Refearch, I (liall not delay
you a Minute,, 'till I come to that Part, in
which he fays, *' Too much of the Demo-
" cratual enters into our Conflituiion."
Hejre
,1
gns
itu-
rotd
yon.
who
)int-'
and
leans
t his
I the
Foft
n the
ddrefs
Con-
it, to
I Con-
of it
ity of
nq^i-
nnents
delay
\\iy in
)emo-
Iere
[ 79 ]
i > ■ • t
•Hi' RE at length the Truth of his Defigii
elcapcs i fo difficult is it to be an uniform Hy-
pocrite } this Declaration unfolds the Secrets
of his Heart. Hence, it evidently appears,
he is the Enemy of yon the People, and that
his Idea of improving the Conftiiution is yet
fk\riher to enflave you.
With this Intent, has he not long in Si-
lence and Delight beheld the Encroachments
of the late M —rs on your Rights and Li-
.berties? Hence fprings his Averfion to the
new S y, left he may reftore them j from
that Motive he has opened his Lips, to excite
your Jealoufy again ft him ; from this Source,
thofe hypocritical Tremblings for the Danger
of your Conftitution take their Rife.
'Again he declares, " That (hould the
" Paftions and Interefts of the Conftituents be
mixed with thofe of the Reprefentatives,
one fatal Confequence attending all Demo-
cracies would attend fuch an Aftembly."
What, in the Name of Goodnefs, is this
Fatality ? " Some few powerful Speakers
** would determine the Debates." And
thereby would they not preferve you a free
and happy People } Can the Care of your
Rights
C(
cc
(C
[ 80 1
Rights be a fatal Confcqu^-nce to this Confti-
tution ? What an Idea does this Writer form
of them ?
To this he fubjoins, " That if ancient
Definitions fuppofed an Orator perfedtly
good,
tt
(<
(A fauhlefs Monfter which the World ne'er
'a y
*' modern Oratory will not bear fo fevere a
** Limitation." How happy are you, then,
iince Perfedion is not to be fouad, that at
prefent you polTefs one, whofe whole Ambi-
tion is to fave his Country ; whofe Contempt
for Money preferves him incorruptible j whofe
Love for Virtue and the Conftitution renders
him incapable of corrupting others j of For-
titude fuperior to every Oppofition but that
of Truth and Reafon ; defpifing all Honours,
but thofe which fpring from JMerit j of Ge-
nius to conceive, of Powers to exprefs, of Re-
fplution to ejcert, whatever tends to fave a
finking Land ; and of Faculties to convince
all but thofe, whom the Biafs of Corruption
has withdrawn from the ftrait Path of Verity
and Virtue.
By
Pf^
Dnfti-
form
icient
fedly
ncer
faw)
irere a
then,
bat at
\mbi-
itempt
whofe
enders
f For-
it that
mours,
>f Ge-
fRe-
fave a
invince
aption
Verity
By
Br fuch a Man no Lib6''ty can be loftj
from the Calamities and DiilrefTes of the Na-
tion, whether they proceed from Peftiiencc
or Famine, Adverlicies in War, or former
Mal-Adminifcration, all muft receive Alle-
viation, if not Cure. Every Apprehenfion,
excited by p'cceding M rs, mufl: fubfide ;
every Danger diifipate •, from liis Oration^
you have nought to diead 5 the exorbitant
Power of the Crown, the Abufes of Pre-
rogative, the HoiTors of Shvery, will difap-
pear, and weak and wiv.ked M— rs be
driven irom the State ; whilfl: the Name and
Exiftence of Liberty and the Conftitution are
held inviolably facred, arid Perfwafion, from
clear and explicit Truth, fhali fatisfy your
Souls, and create an Acquiefcence in his Con-
dud, which will prevent the Jealoufies of
approaching Slavery. Of all human Beings,
in his Orations, the lead refembling the dark,
confufed, and hypocritic, Cromwell y who, by
concealing his Defigns, and inflaming by Fa-
naticifni, infatuated the People to believe and
be enflaved. ' * * '
Such being the Man who now prefides in
ihc Adminiilration, be not feduced by this Garb
of Tendernefs for the approaching Danger
M of
m
•I ■
■ i.
hi
,■>■:■.
of the Conftitutlon ; it conceals a Heart
rankly rotten, which prompts the Tongue to
glofs, falfify, and exalt, the Man, who longs
to undo and depreciates him who willies to
preferve you. Liften not to this Syren's Song
of Liberty, which he utters with no other
View than to leduce and to deftroy. ^ ,;, .
Having in this Manner demonftrated by
his Writings, that he is not a Friend to your
Part in the Conftitution, that Writer proceeds
to fliew he is as little attached to the prefent
Family. He fays, " Never was any Civil
War, never was any Sedition raifed, any
Revolution formed, but under the horrid
Aufpices of thefe Patrons of the People,
thefe Defenders of publick Freedom/'
C(
Cf
it
cc
If all Revolutions have been formed under
fuch horrid Aufpices 1 What muft we think
of that which expelled James, and feated the
prefent Family on the Throne, and of him
who has delivered this Opinion? Here, a-
gain. Truth breaks through Difguife j the
Man who thinks your Liberties too great, is
alike the Enemy of your Sovereign. What
is now become of all that Reverence for the
fac: ""d Perfon of the King, exprefTed in the
Addrcfs to Mr P — j that pretended Regard
for
link
the
Ihim
a-
the
is
hat
the
the
^ard
for
[ 83 ]
for his Maftcr*s Honour ? Who will hereafter
credit what he writes? ' ' '
t ... . ,
Nor in this has he even the Merit of a
yacobite-y that would be to be attached to
lome Caufe, into which, however wrong,
felfifh Views might not enter. He is one of
thofe Ariftocratical Anarchs, who have long
played the King and People one againft the
other, as Dancers do Caftanets, to govern
both, enrich themfelves, and amufe you with
the Performance.
»
Such being the Principles of this Writer,
of what Import is it whether his Name be
known or concealed j whether he be defcend-
ed from a Line of Kings, or dropped in a
Bafket ; whether his Education has been at
Cambridge or St Giles's 5 his Perfon tall or
fhort, ftrait or crooked, of winning or forbid-
ing Countenance ; his Abilities great or infuf-*
ficient ? It was the Heart, and none of thefe
Qualities, which made Cafar Borgia and Ca-
tthne detefted j and fuch Sentiments as he
avows, will bring a like Abhorrence on him^
and all whom he abets and favours.
Bid him, then, not ftain the private Re-
putation of Mr P — by his Jacred Efteem,
M 2 uur
\
lin
[8+3
fior forget, that Petulance and Levity have
already entered into his Manner of treating
him. Bid him defift, and tell him it is in
Vain, with the Author of the lieji, to im-
plore that poor H y may not be totally
excluded from the M ry. If the prefent
M r, as he acknowledges by intreating
the Admiflion of his Favourite, be equal to
the firft Place in the Ad tion, he wants
the Afliftance of no Man, wji^^fe Addition
would retard or fruftrate the Execution of
every good Intent ; the difcordant Particles i|>
their Natures can never affimilate, nor the
Friend of Liberty ad: in Conjiindion with
the Abettor of military Government, the
avowed Subverter of the Conftitution. - r
After this the Writer proceeds, *' M^-
** rius had his SattirninuSy the moft execra-
f* ble of Mankind, and Sulpitiusy the moft
" abandoned." Afk what he felt in apply-
inii; thefe Charaders to the prefent M— rs ;
Had he no Check, no Remorfe, on fo fingu-
Li an Occafion ? Where are thefe Likenefles
to be found ? Who will feek them amongft
the S y's Companions, that knows where
the Temple of private and publick Perdition
ilands branded in the Front with the Name
*' of
Ma-
ecra-
moft
pply-
rs;
pngu-
effes
ngft
here
ition
lame
of
I \ \
oiA-
[ 85 ]
— 's ? There Cethegus and Saturninus
hold their impious Orgies, plundering the Pa-
trimony of thoughtlels Heirs, who firft /til
their Eftates, and then themlelves and Coun-
try for Place or Pen lion. There Catiline is
nightly found, who has his C^Jar in Relerve,
of whom, like Syila to the Romufi People, I
bid you BEWARE.
The furious Clodius and profligate Milo are
amongll their Numbers -, Men Nvho, having
diflblutely fquandered in their Youth their
whole Poflellions, have fince rapucioufly rob-
bed Individuals, and the Publick in Reprifal.
Who have prophaned the Rites of the Bona
Dea, ftallions to the Modier's Luft, to fteal
the Daughter from the Father's Heart and for
a Brother's Bed ; who fport the Lives of Inno-
cence in Wagers, and, not unlikely, arc this
Moment exertiiig every Art to deftioy an
Admiral under Sentence of Death, becaufe it
is their Intereft he fliould die -, for itiole vvho
wage will widi to win, and thofe wno Wiih
to win will dare fuch Adion<^ to gain vhe
Wager, though the Death of innocence were
the Means vvhich can only give them their
Succefs.
The
[86]
m
The fiime Spirit of this Author of the Con^
JiitNtioriy wnich tells of Dangers to come,
and Ices not thofe arrived, has found Cha-
radters where they exift not, to conceal them
where they do. The very Likenefs in his
Favourites to the above-named Roman Profli-
gates, determined him to place it amongft
the prefent M ry, to prevent your difco-
vering it amongll his Friends. Such is the
whole Condudl of this fallacious Writer,
For thefe Reafons you are juftified to op-
pofe and fleel your Hearts, againft the Man
he chufes (hould dired: the State ; and whilfl
he writes in this Strain, and the prefent
M rs deferve the publick Approbation,
which I truft will exift as long as their
M ry continues, no Endeavour (hall be
wanting to expofc his malevolent Defign, and
prevent you from being feduced by Fallacy
and Impofture. , _ ..,
' \
((
if
<f
cc
<c
At length he concludes in faying, •* I
(hall end this Paper with the Sentiments of
an ancient Author, not yet tranilated into
Englijb. Cities and FortrefTes have their
proper Defence, Walls, Tienches, Forti-
lipations -, but Nature hath given to a wife
" and
<c
it
[ 87 ]
and generous People a Bulwark more im-
pregnable. What Bulwark? Diffidence.*'
Ask him wherefore he concealed the
Name of Demojlhenes when he quoted thefe
Words. Was it not Confcioufnefs of the ftri-
king Similitude between that Greek and the
pre&nt M r, which prevailed upon him
at that Moment to conceal that Name ? Did
he not know that every Eye would difcern,
every Heart feel, and every Tongue |,ro-
nounce, the Likenefs ? Is it not as ftrong be-
tween them, as it exifts between the Author
and the Sophifts of thofe Times ? Are not
their Purfuits the fame ?
. »-*•■■ - - ■ -• '
' \ The Orators, difinterefled and animated
with Zeal for their Country's Welfare, by
found Senfe and genuine Eloquence to per-
fwade ani fave a whole People j the Sophifts,
moved by felfifh Confiderations, by appealing
to I ^e Love of private Jntereft in every Breaft,
by fedudtive and fallacious Arguments to win
the Multit ide from the general to the good of
Individuals; to fmile on the Ruin of their
native Land, which inriches them alone.
What Athene then was, England is at
prefent, loll in Pleafure, rotten with Cor-
ruption,
.^^ ^.^a>
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IMAGE EVALUATION
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I'U
[ 88 ]
ruptioH) adoring Ignorance infhrined in
Wealth, and delpiling G .niub unaccompa-
nied with that dcf jdtive Pod' flion. Yet
had the Conftitutions of Rome or of that City
refembled this of England in every particular 5
had ihey enjoyed he Power of changing the
great Council of thofe Nations, the nefarious,
in a new Choice, might have been excluded,
and DemOjJoenes and 'Tully might have pre-
fervcd iheir Liberties and their Country from
Perdition; for there were not wanting in
Greece and Italy at that Time Men of Inte-
grity, who, liftening to the Voice of Reafon,
and entering under the Dirediion of thofe
Statefmen, would have efFedted what, unfu-
ftained by fuch AlTociates in the Senate-Houfe,
they were unable to accomplifh. The Senators
were unchangeable and corrupt ; Integrity
was excluded from the Council ; and thus fell
the Greek and Roman States.
This Excellence of changing the great
Council of the State, your Conflitution hap-
pily enjoys. Whenever, then, Danger to
your Liberties may hereafter arife from the
Negledt of publick Profperity, by attend-
ing to private Advantage ; when Wars,
which exhauft you, fhall become the great
Emoluments of your Reprefentatives ; when
a new
>\
\
'f
[ 89 j
ft n€W M r refolved to fave your Confti-
tution on virtuous Motives, fhall be impeded
by the corrupt Influence remaining amongffc
the Adherents of the old, then it will become
your great Concern and chief Diry incelTant-
ly to petition, though the ufual Time be not
arrived, in Juftice to your King and Confti-
tution, that a Change of Senators be made^
left ye perifli by the lame Means which fub-
dued the Liberties of Athens and of Rome,
and ye are no more a free People.
After having faid {o much in Favour of
the prefent M r, it becomes an indiipen-
lible Obligation on me to offer you thofe
Reafons, which have determined me to warm
your Hearts with Hopes of Redrefs and Re-
paration of your Conftitution from his Con-
duct ; to urge you to fuftain him ; and to
preferve myfelf from the injurious Imputation
of having attempted to exalt him, and deceive
you, without offering any Arguments for fuch
Proceeding.
Though all Men participate of the fame
Faculties, yet the ruling Paffion is that which
charaderizes every Individual, and, in all
Matters of Momeqt influences his Condudt.
N
Had
I" It
M
.ii •
t 90 ]
Had Mr P— , then, defigned Aught ma-
licioufly again ft your Liberties, would he
have renounced the Seals, when they were
Ibme Time paft offered to his Hands ? Would
hdt hfe have gladly flood on the Ruins which
the late M^— — rs pulled down, the eafier to
have reached and accomplifhed the total De-
tiiolitidn of that little which remains ftand-
ing ? Would he have oppofed the Introduction
of mercenary Germans, had he intended to
inQave the Land ? would he have refifted
H" n Interefts, had he determined to im-
poverifh you and finally exhauft your whole
Treafure ? would he have efpoufed the efta-
blifhing of a Militia, had he not apprehended
the Danger of a military Government ? Would
he have renounced the Affociation of the old
Deftroyers, had he not refolved to fave you
from their Iniquity ? ' '1
It is the Remark of an admired Writer
amongft the Greeks^ that nothing can make a
Man great, the Contempt of which makes
him greater. With Inftances of this Truth
the Greek and Roman Hiftories are replete j
and the Safety of thefe States was preferved
by the voluntary Poverty of their Statefmen.
In like Manner, the acknowledged Contempt
for
^
I /
[
[9. 1
for Gold in Mr P — , muft have framed his
Heart to the Influence of true Glory, the
Love of which alone forms his ruling Pafljon.
In what Manner, then, can that Defire be
exerted with fuch genuine Honour, (o amply
fatisfied, and (b exalted in the Opinion of
Mankind, as, by reinftating the Liberties and
Privileges you have loft, rcftoring the ruined
aqd unftable State of this Conftitution to it's
aacient Excellence, and rendering Millions
happy.
Men only of fuch a Stamp are immovable
to the Voice of Titles, Riches, Power, on
unrighteous Terms 5 and rarer amongft Man*
kind than a Comet amidft: the Skies.
ter
e a
^es
ith
ved
en.
Nor are thefe the fole Reafons which
ought to weigh on every Mind, and Influence
every Englijhman to fuftain his M^ y.
The very oppofition of thofe who fpeak and
write againft him, offers the moft convincing
Proof of his candid Intentions j they know
he defigns to fave, or that their Hands would
be neceflary to aflift him to deftroy ; they
would not oppofe, but that they are convin-
ced he means to exclude them from the Pur-
fuit of your undoing j for what have they ever
oppofed but honeft and upright Meafures.
N 2 Not
[90
IM
111 *i il
m I
^1-
Nor this Oppofition only of pernicious •
Men brings a Pioof of his Integrity ; thofe
of your Reprefentatives, whofe Behaviour has i
never yet been ilained with deviating from
yours and their Country's Caufe, uncorrupt
by Place or Penfion, by Hope or Fear ; who, '
amidfl the eternal Slander of the Diflblute, >
and Profulion of injurious Terms, were then>
as now, the true Friends of Englandy free
and independent ; are unanimous in believing
the Intentions of the M r, to be honou-
rable, and in lupporting his Adminiftration.
Will he, then, riling into Authority from his
own Virtues, your publick Remonftrances,
and the Neceflity of the Times, fupported by
the undeviating Friends of the Conftitution,
relinqui{h the Blifs of faving, to undo his
Country, and renounce immortal Fame, for
temporary Povver and eternal Deteflation ? ^
■ji
if
/llo
Be not deluded into a Diftruft which mufl:
ratal to the Nation ; nor liften to thofe
infinucite, that his Orations refemble
avers, running in melodious Murmurs thro'
>reading Forelts and flowery Lawns, diver-
hed with hanging Rocks, alpiring Hills,
:'v1 Variety of beauteous Profpe<fl; Charms
. tne Eye and Rapture to the Ear : Which
yet.
r
r-
[ 93 3
yet, in jverflowing, wafh away the Farmer's
Toil and Manure, fterilzlng the Land. Be-
lieve them, like the rifing Waters of the Nile^
bringing Joy, and leaving the Power of Plen-
ty.
Yet fhould you give Credit to Part of
what his Enemies afTert, and rhink the Stream
of his Condu(ft has lome times appeared (lained
with Impurities, has it not in general been
tranfparent, whilft that of thofe who cppofe
him, has continued unremitting, black as G?-
cytus running through Hell ? If he has erred
like Man in the Moment of Frailty, and for-
feited your good Opinion, he has repented ia
the Day of Perfedion, and claims the juUeft
Title to your AfTiltance and Efteem ; whilil
his and your Enemies have, undeviatingly,
purfued the Paths of Iniquity, without one
Moment's Remorfe for overwhelming you
with national Calamity.
Thus, in the moft unfavourable Light,
Reafon bids you to aflirt him and yourfelves.
Where is Perfe<flion to be found ? To whom
will you apply ? Where place your Hopes ?
Unlefs he be fuftained by you, how can he
refift the Torrent of Thoufands, detei mined
alike to his and your Undoing ? Now is the
Moment
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Ill
[ 94 ]
Momen of returning Happinefs or accom-
pliihed Ruin. Men adapted by Nature to
retrieve a finking State arife not in Ages.
The Faculties of conceiving right, expreffing
perfedly, and exerting arduoufly, form the
rareft Union amongft Mankind. With the
Power of conceiving only what might fave,
without fuperior Elocution, you could not be
convinced of his Abilities ; by fpeaking with
Eloquence, void of exalted Underftanding,
though you might be delighted, you could
not acquiefce in him ; and, without Refolu*
tion of exerting every Conception for the
publick Good, and Fortitude above all Temp-
tation, how could thefe Refolves be carried
into Execution, or you rely upon him ? Then
defert not him and your own Interefts, left
Convidion coming, when no Remedy for
your Evils fliall remain, you repent too late
of not faving what will be irrecoverably loft.
When dying Slaves, your Children ftiall curfe
you in your Graves, indignantly pronouncing,
Here lye thofe Fathers, who, ignominioufly
deferting him that would have prefer ved
them free, delivered us their Children down
to Bondage.
Thus you are neceflitated to fupport him,
whom your Remonftrances have placed at the
Helm ',
r 95 ]
Helm J or to pronounce Sentence of Con-
demnation on yourfelves. It will be faid,
that Timidity, or Confcioufnefs of meriting
fuch Treatment from the late M rs, has
determined you to defift, and to endure the
Calamities they brought upon you ; for either
the late M ry hath tranfgrcfTed, and
ought to be called to Juftice, or they are
caullefly removed j either they are criminal,
or you adluated by unwarrantable Motives in
the Clamours which have been raifed againll
them. Wherefore be not like Cannon on a
publick Day, noiiy without Effed, but in-
ceflant in Execution, *till the Citadel of
m rial Iniquity be humbled in the Duft.
Without adting in this Mannf, the
Praifes which you fo liberally and fo juflly
beflow upon your Anceflors, are converted
into the moft bitter Satires again ft yourfelves ;
you admire them for fubduing Tyrants, and
confefs your own Cowardice in fearing to
purfue M rs ; at leaft it will be urged,
that you have purfued through Hate, or pi-
tied without Jufti ,'^. The fir ft it is neceflary
you remove, by perfifting to fliew the Rea-
fons for their being called to an impartial
Examination ; and Mercy belongeth to none
who
III
"1
V 8
r 96 ]
who deferve to fuffer according to the ftridt
Rules of Equity.
Too long, alas! have the Symptoms of a
corrupt and expiring Conftitution, like thofc
amid It the Plague at JlthenSy when all was
filled with Dt;folation and with Death, pre-
vailed amongft you ! of Souls fupine, inatten-
tive to Futurity, thinking the Hour of DifTo-
lution near at Hand, treating every Impedi-
ment as infurmountable, and every Difficulty
impoffible to be removed j ye have fought no
Remedy to your Iwils, but, enjoying prefent
Pleafure, lived only by the Refpite of Mo-
jments. Such is the Degeneracy of the pre-
fent Race, Rnglijhmen even prefer Sloth
and Eafe to Liberty and the preferving their
Conftitution.
RowzE, then, and be perfwaded, that
though Men are by Nature mortal, your
Conftitution may, by your Means, be made
immortal ; for it is the firft Duty of every
Man to think it can not die.
And though the Grivances you complain
of fhould not meet immediate Redrefs from
Circumftanccs at prefent irremediable by the
New M- r, perfift in your Remonftrances,
kt
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■»i/
[97 ]
let not your Purfuits, like Fire in Straw, be
quick to b!aze and fudden to expire j the Re-
quefts you make want no Cargoes of Paper
to devellop Myftery and explain Truth, nor
deep Refearch into m rial Condudt j they
cannot be hid by Art nor difguifed by So-
phiftry j the very Rolls which contain the
Laws of Liberty, will prove the Truth oF
what I have laid before you ; the Bill of
Rights and Ad: of Settlement made whole,
as at their firft Formation ; and the Abroga-.
tion of thofe penal Lav/s before mentioned
fufficc to make you free. ..
i )'•
Believe me, the Demand of a whole
Nation is irrefiftible ; that which placed Mr
F — at the Head of the Adm tion con-
tinued, will fecure him and preferve you.
Shall Byng be fentenced to Death for Breach
of Part of one Article of War ^ and your
late M rs efcape unexamined, who have
infradted the moft eflential in your Char-
ters of Liberty ? Nay, the very Article oa
which he has been condemned, offers yet a
ftronger Argument for calling that Man to
Juftice, who feledl:ed and appointed him for
the Expedition. Had the Ad I's Mif-
carriage fprung from Treachery, that might
have been concealed in his own Bofom j
Q fioti^
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[ 98 ]
from Difaffeilion, the moft piercing Eyes
might have been juftified in not difccrning it ;
but, as it arifes from Ignorance in his Profel-
fion, this could have been concealed from no
Man of Senfe, bred to the Pradice of mari-
time Affairs. His Offence, then, reverts
with full Force on the Pcrfon who chofe him ;
for furely the Ignorance of not diftinguifhing
thofe Pcrfons who are proper to command,
is to be equally ignorant wiih him who knew
not how to command on the Day of Battle,
and requires Punifliment with greater Reafon,
becaufe infinitely more fatal. The Want of
Senle In the Head of the Ad ty, whofe
diftingailhing Charaderiftick ought to be the
Skill of fcledting proper Commanders, may
fill the Fleet with infufficient Men, and lofe
your whole Poflcflions, as it has already loft
Minorca,
One happinefs peculiar to the prefent En-
quiry attends your perfifting in what you have
already fo aufpicioufly begun ; thofe who have
openly arrogated the Power of deftroying your
Li^rties, having alike in Secret ufurped the
Authority of their S n, Juftice to him,
as well as to yonrfelves, compels you to de-
mand the late M- rs to an Examination.
<
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The
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[ 99 ]
The only Objedls of your Purfult are,
Men, alike Subjedts of the lame Realm, obe-
dient to the fame Laws, Servants of the
Publick, anfwerable for their Condudl, and
in no Senfe your Superiors ; unlefs the Cir-
cumftanccs of riling from Obfcurity to Titles,
from Duft to immenfe Riches, mifguiding
by Ignorance, ruining by Negled, betraying
by Avarice, or enflaving by Pride, commu-
nicate the Power of rendering fuch Men above
the Reach of Juftice and the Laws.
Call them to Account; reflore your
Conftitution ; leave your Children free j o-
therwife, to what Purpofe do you bear Arms
againft the French ? Why complain of the
Lofs of Minorca and Ofwego ? though you
were vidorious in every Engagement, and
poffefled the Eaji and J^ejl Indies, the Trea-
fures which they yielded, like Birds of Paf-
fage, would only reft a Moment in this Land,
to gather Strength, and take their farther
Flight into Germaiiy, Nay, what would it
profit you, though you won the whole World
and loft your own Liberty.
FINIS.
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BOOKS fold by M. Cooper, at the
« - • Globe in Fater-Nofier-Row, - -
TH E Praflice of Phyfick, founded on Principles in Phy-
iiology and Pathology, hitherto unapplied in Phyfical
Enquiries; by JOHN S HEB BEARE, M. P. Refi;.
Acad. Scicnt. Paris. Soc, "••••-■ '•■■ . j- -f •
•'A v.ii
The Marriage Act, a Novel, in Two Volumci,
)
•"\
'• Angel ON 1*8 Letters on the Englijh Nation.
"Lydia, or Filial Piety, a Novel, in Four Volumes, ■■ •
: Four LETTERS to the People of England, '- - - i iii!I fJ
Reafons humbly offered to prove, that the Letter, printed
at the End of the French Memorial of Juftification, is 9i
French Forgery, and falfly afcribed to his R— -^ H-— ^t ; T
"■ An Anfwcr to the Fourth Letter, ^f.''^* , r!'Ai,^w S'^int
An Anfwer to a Pamphlet called, Ih^i Cqndu^ ^ tl/4
• ^v '. 1 ■ /^1 ■■• 1 ■? ' • ' "*
M — —y impartially examined.
lAa APPEAl^ to the Pea^ile, • ti;,,.jui ,
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