IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) h^O /A {./ 'V ,^ ^3i Q.. ^v %" ,/^ w. (/. 1.0 I.I 1.25 '" IliS 50 - IIIIIM ■' IIIM !( 4 IIM IM i.8 1-4 IIII.6 «>&• % o m. e). W/ e. .ssion ou d'illustration et en terminant par la dernidre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbole — »- signifie "A SUIVRE ", le symbole V signifie "FIN". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmds d des taux de reduction diff^rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour etre reproduit en un seul clichd, il est filmd d partir de Tangle supdrieur gauche, de gauche 'roite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent (a m^thode. 1 2 3 32X 1 2 3 4 5 6 \-^ ' xir-J^FTThiriii} {iT'Ji€Tthiniirr>e !,}tk dHCb Mcnfi-^ titn^-An*/« * ■ mini i««iiiftiA r*^ % A«ir«Mti «i^«it «#am«* «••»« ka^ki^M^ai INDEX CARD RACK. BANKS. BANQUE VILLE-MARIE. Head Office, Montreal, 153 St. James Street, Prbsidbnt, W, VViir, Vick-Pk«sident, U. Garand. Cashikr, J. G. GUIMOND. Bi inchc!) : Bcrthier, T.achute, Louiscville, Nicolet, St. C^saire, St. Jerome. 8oe page 120. LA BANQUE NATIONALE. CAriT.\L PAID-UP - - - $2,000,000. Hkad Office, Qukbkc. Prestidtnl : Cashitr : N. I. THIBAHDEAU. I P. LAFRANCE. MONTBKAI. Ura.voh— C. A. VALLKE, Munager. See page 126, THE PRESTON BANK OF DETROIT, (Successors to David Preston ife Co.) Kutabluhiid 1852. David Prkstos, /')'™ii<.-H<. Mk. \. Bkbcry, CojAiVe. PskD. W. IIayks, \'ipc-Prea. V. B. Vhv.^tos, Aist. Cuthier. We buy and sell First Class Commeriial Pjper and In- vestment S' curitits. Canada Money Exchanged. Drafts Oil ail partM of UnitcU Stall •, Canada and turope. THE Canadian Rubber Co. of Montreal. Manufacturers of Rubber Shoes, Felt Boots, Belting, Sieam Packing^, Engine, Hydrant, and Suction ilose, &c. Offloe and '.Vare Rooms, 333 and S35 St. Paul St. i m„„,,„.i WflirkK, Piipiueuu Square. \ -^iontreal. Branch House, Corner Yonge and Front Streets, Toronto. See page 106. INSURANCE. JOSEPH LUTTRELL & CO., manufacturing confection ers, BISCUIT 150XES AND IMPORTERS OF DRIED FRUITS, Cor. Aluekt and Vinbt Stbeeti?, ST. CUNEGONDE. See page 172. WM. DRYSDALE & CO., Publishers, Booksellers, Stationers, AND Printers' Agents, 232 ST. JAMES street. See page 121. JOHN S. SHEARER & CO., Manufacturers and General Agents, 7 ST. HELEN STREET. MONTREAL, See page 137. MUNDERLOH & CO. Import'.r.s, Shipping and Commission Mcbchaxts, (General Agents for the Han.sa Steamship Company of Hamburg, and White Cross Line ot Antwerp. 61 ST. SULPICE STREET, MOXTREaE. Wilh. C. Af underloh. Consul of the German Empire. See page 113. STANDARD LIFE ASSURANCE CO'V. established i8as Head Office for t'aniida : Standakd BriLr>iN()8, Montreal, VV. M. RAMSAY, Afnna/ftr. See page 107. ROYAL CAi^ADIAN INSL'RANCE CO. Hkad Office for Canada ; STANDARD BUILDINGS, MONTREAL. A. ROBERTSO.V, President. G. H. McHENRY, Manager. See page 127. BRITISH EMPIRE MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF LONDON, ENGLAND. Egtabliihed 1847. i{end Office for Canada : BRITISH EMPIRE BUILDING, MONTREAL F. STANCLIFFE, Gener il Manager. See page 110. GUARDIAN FIRE AND LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY. Paid-up Capital, One Million Pounds Sterling. ROBERT SIMMS & CO , AND GEORGE DENHOLM, General Agents, Montreal. See page 163. LONDON AND LANCASHIRE LIFE ASSOCIATiON COMPANY, AND TBB FIRE INSURANCE ASSOCIATION. Soe Jingo iOW. ROYAL INSURANCE 0)MP VNY. NoTRF, Damf Sthket, .Moxtkk\l, Cor. Place d'Armes. ChUf Agents for Cannd", M. H. GAULT. W. TATLEY. See page 123. NORTH BRITISH AND MERCANTILE FIRE AND LIFE INSURANCE CO- Established 18(19. NgtnU in nil Princip"l Towni 0/ the Dominion. Head Office for tiie Dominion : ' ^ 76 St. Francois Xavier .Street, Montreal. D. LoRF MacDodoall j n.„ a-.. W. Ewing, Inspector Thomas Davidson, 5 uen.Agts. y jj J^^^f^^ ..„b.j, See page Hh — p ' - ■ - Commercial Union Assurance Co. [LIMTXD.] FIRE, LIFE. Head Offic* at Montreal 173I NOTRE DAME STREET. FRED COLE, Gbnkral Aobnt. See page 11^ n'CE CO'Y. REAL. AMSAY, Mnnagtr. See page 107. ANCr: CO. NGS, [ENRY, Manager, See page 127. COMPANY MONTREAL iiager. See page 110. COMPANY. s Sterling. E DKNHOLM, L. See page 163. ASHIRE PANY, lATION. See jingi' lOM. OMP VNY. TATLEY. gee pa«e 123. RCANTILEl NCE CO. s Don)\nim\. on ; Montreal. JwiNG, Inspector .. Ahkbs, Sub-Ii See page 10^ RANGE Co. AI, TREET. See pnge IHL INDUSTRIES or CANADA. CITY OF MONTREAL. HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE REVIEW. LEADINa FIRMS AND MONEYED INSTITUTIONS. MONTREAL : ISSUED BY THE HISTORICAL PUBLISHING COMPANY. GAZETTE PRINTING COMPANY. 1886. '" 11 i; ^tOl\'eA^5UBLIgH,Nq{^^_ PREFACE. Montreal, as the great metropolis of British North America, is the principal centre of Cana- dian enterprise, industry and commerce. It occupies relatively the same position, as regards capital and bulk of import and export trade, as does New York in the United States. It is the centre point of the great system of waterways and the nearest great port to Euroi)e. Its railway and shipping interests are immense, and it is one of the greatest manufacturing centres on this (continent. The b.inks and banking institutions of the city are conducted on a secure basis, so much so that the Bank of Montreal is ranked third among the mighty monetary organizations of the world. In point of wealth, culture, and influence, the city holds a commanding position, and abundantly demonstrates the rapid strides the country has made in a decade. It is splendidly built, well governed, and has a thriving population of over 180,000. That it is the favored seat of commerce is evident from the fact that the hea(i offices of the great railway and steamship lines are situated there, its harbor being regarded as one of the finest in America, and is, in fact, the commercial entrrpot for half a continent. The recent com- pletion of the Canadian Pacific Railway, a line extending from ocean to ocean, affords a direct route from the Pacific to Montreal, brincriiig through froight from China and Japan, as well as grain from the Northwest, where it forms the cargoes of the large number of steamships plying there. Under the present protective tariff, it is the recognized centre of the cotton, iron, and other great staple industries, and has profitable trade relations with France, Brazil, and the West Indies. In the fall and winter of 1885-6, Montreal passed through a terrible social as well as com- mercial ordeal. The frightful scourge of a small-pox epidemic threatened for a time the good order of the community, and shook its mercantile and industrial institutions, and caused con- siderable though not permanent injury. This was almost directly due to flagrant exaggerations u? to the extent and danger of the disaaso, pubhshed widespread, and assiduously circulated by unprincipalled msrchants of rival cities, envious of Montreal's immense trade. The result is well known. The city passed through a season of brief depression ; all departments of trade and commerce sufiered seriously ; it being computed that not less tlian one hundred millions of dollars was lost to Montreal's business interests. Notwithstanding this the merchants and manufacturers withstood the storm, and standt o-day on as sound a commercial basis as ever. In the spring of 1886, following closely on this disaster, came the most destructive flood Montreal has ever known, the amounts of damage done to all branches of trade, as well as private properly, it being impossible to estimate. The sound standing of the merchants and leading men generally, averted much, however, of the misery and want v>'hich otherwise would have been felt by the poorer classes in the inundated district. The first part of the work contains a comprehensive historical and descriptive sketch of the Dominion, of its immense agricultural and mineral resources, and a large amoimt of statistics and other imixjrtant infurinatlon of the country, much of which was obtained by personal investigation by the author, the Most Hon. the Marquis of Lome, while Governor-General of Canada. Profusely illustrated, the book is invaluable as imparting the most recent information. Following is an interesting historical sketch of Montreal, from the time of its foundation, with many graphic illustrations, and much valuable intelligence of the trade and commerce of the city. The third part comprises reviews of the leading merchants, manufacturers, banks and bankers, insurance companies and business firms, being an epitome of the most enterprising representatives of the various branches of industries, and containing the names of such houses the repute of which warrants these recommendations to the purchasing public. In presenting this work to the public, the publishers feel assured that any slight dis- crepancies in the data will be generously overlooked. The book represents an outlay of con- siderable capital, the facts contained in the sketches of the various business houses and leading merchants being secured with no small amount of labor at the hands of our reporters, and, while written in a laudable vein,*are, nevertheless, accurate and trustworthy, and given with a due regard to the correct interpretation of the information at our disposal. Riclielicu ami Ontario ^'^viKnlioll Com- puny. A leading feiituro in the commerce of Jlontreal, is that portion of the shipping interests enRaged in the navigation of the inland waters of Canada. The principal company engugod in this business is that known as the Richelieu and Ontario Navigation Company, which runs a daily Mail Lino of Stenmers between Toronto, Quebec, the Saguenay and intermediate ■,)orts. The company wiis founded in lS-15, by Mr. .Sinecnnes. with headquarters at Sorcl, and was called the Richelieu, and their ono steamer with which they commenced business was christened llio same name. In 181'^ the JacqiieJ Cartii-r was added, and in lS5o the Victoria and Napoleon, 350 tons each, were built, and placed on the route between Montreal and Que- bec. In 1S58 the opposition steamer " Quebec " was bought out from the Tovnincc company, who retired from the contest, leaving the Richelieuin possession of the field. In 1860 the Columbia was purchased, and in the following year the Europe was added to the fleet. In 181)2 the com- pany nmalgnraatpd with the Lnke St. Peter and Terre- bonne, and L'Assnmi'tion Lines, which increased their capacity by four new boats, which were placed to ply be- tween Montreal and Three Rivers, Chambly, Terrebonne and L'Assomption : by this amalgnmation the capital of the company was raised to $2,S0,000. By this time the passenger traffic had become so large and important that the company determined to meet its requirements by placing on the St. Lawrence, between Montreal and (Jue- bec, a line of pnssengcr steamers second to none in Amer- ica. In 1861 the Montreal was built at a cost of $ 20,0C0. In 1863 the St. Francois Yamesk was purchased, and in the following year the magnificent steaiAer Quebec was built at a cost of Sl"2,000. The Quebec is a representative steamer of the line. Her hull, wh ch was built to order in England, is of Bessemer sttel ; she carries two tiers of 9tat«ro«ias abov« har main deck, and bai a total length of 2S2 feot C inches ; she is fitted with two boilers placed in the hold, a low pressure engine end skeleton walkin.{ beam; her ordinary speed is twenty miles an hour, but she can steam much fiister if necessary. The large saloon placed aft is a model of comfort and elegance, capable of seating 200 guests, and a well-appointed cuisine supplies first-chiss rofrcshmonta to the numerous passengers. The Quebec is fitted up with every rcganl to comfort and con- venience, and furnished throughout in the most elegant and luxurious manner. In 187.5 the company eamo into possession of the steamers running from Montreal west to Toronto and Hamilton, and the name was changed to the Richelieu and Ontario Navigation Company, with acnpital of .iil.nOO.OOO. Since that time various attempts at compe- tition have been made, only lo be shortly abandoned, and the vessels engaged therein either amalgamated with the Richelieu and Ontario Navigation Coinptiny orhad to seek fresh fields of industry. Their latest acquisitions are the steamers Union and St. Lawrence of the Saguenay line, thus giving them complete control of the traffic on the River .St. Lawrence and Lake Ontario, from Toronto to the Saguenay. They have besides, local boats daily from Montreal to Bouoherville, Laprairie, Longueil and Elm wood, and run a triple lino of ferry boats between St. Helen's Island, the Canal Basin, Jacques Cnrtier wharf, and llochelaga, and make a specialty of steamers for ex- cursions and pleasure parlies. Mr. L. A. Senecal, the president of the company, is a gentleman of vast experi- ence in shipping and railway business, and many of the great public enterprises of the Province owe their success to his clear foresight and extraordinary talents. The principal duty of administering the affairs of the company devolves upon the Ueneral .Manager, dipt. J. B. Labelle, a gentleman i->iose long and practical (experience in the nav- igation of the St. Lawrence, qualities him for the onerous duties of the office, which he discharges with so much credit to himselt, advantage to th» company, and satislao- tion to the genarai publio. ilnin.Thci illan,.\.A illan. Thnr Lle.xaiidriii Liidi'i'son, yteain-'hii krchainbai -irinslrong, liiiird Join mission Itarbi'au, 1 iiarro & Co iHtemau. \ Haylis. .Ian Beaver Lin jJoldiiil.', I'll licveridge, lens, etc Birks. R.. > lilaekwell, spring an ioylc, f ho i'lir.ieau. U'urrett, '. .(iirks Boyd ct Co. Brahadi, A iBroiiiiier, -• llrdwn liro 'British Am -Iiitish Air British Km suraiice ' Bruiieau, siirgcnn- Burland Li Bushiiell .t Busseau, A Beandry, Jewelry . Canad' B; and Prii Canada \Vi Canada 1 Docks ail Ciinaila Pa Canadian I (I'he) .. Cardinal & Cotton, Jol agent . . . Chapleau. ' ' Chase & ba Citizens' Ir Clogg J. V Cleiidinnci ; founders Cocbentha etc Coghlin, B Comuiercia Covernton, Cratherii A Crawford, ] Cievier, T Crilly, Johi Crompton ' Davis ife B Montreal Davis Sew Davis & La Dawes ife C Day,DeBI( Do Zouche Do Zoncht hatiRi'ig. Dogherty, bed Dominion Dominion '. Dominion Dominion Dominion 1 Dominion ' Dominion Dovlc.L F l)T.vsdalc,\ Dnfresne, i Dupuis, B: fancy gj Dyer,W. i G-EiTEi^Jk.Xj insriDE^^. boilers placed in situletoii wfilkin^ les an hour, but The large saloon ganoe, oupable of [ puisinc suppliea passenger?. The con .Ian, Thi)!<. .*: Co., jeweller. ... I't lc.T:inilriii, <'liii,',, ('Dufeetiiincr, lOS iiii.T'<(in, M'Kenzie A (^>., leHin''hip aBont-i ... l"! rchanibault, \j l>. il., Photos.. 1"'7 nnslronK, 0. & Co. . furniture. 13') liiird John Jk Cii .Keneral oinu- minsion '■'■"> ilarbeau. T. R., Clcitliier 100 Jarro it Co., Canadian wines.... llf| Htpman, William, maehinist. . . I*)" iaylis. .Fames it Son, c-ii pets ■ ]•'>.'< leaver Line, Cunada ShippincCo 101 Icldini.', Tanl Ji:Co.,.-ilk.\lnt'rs. ITi) ieveridge, 11. K it Co., wncil- lens, CIO 1>0 ilirks. H.. elipmist, etc lOti lackwell, K, \Y. Keystone, gpriuK and metal works I'lO oyle, I'hos., •• The lloiscshoe ". 171 "iM- ieau..J. K , hiiller, elo 1-19 l.'urrett, Tnicot .t Co., vincKar wiirks l''}.^ oyd it Co. . ^Va relionsemen I*>"> irahiuli, .•\., Hatter l^;" lireiiiMi'r, .A.idr.iiii |)ipcs, etc.. .. liiji llrnwn liro-:., Uuleliers ICw Urilish American liank Note Co. VX I'lilisli American Iiyeing Co... 11") hritish Kmpire Mutual Life As- surance Co. iif London 110 Brniican, Prof. , veterinary snrKei.n 161 Bnrlaiid Lithographic Co. (The).. IVO Hnsbuell.fc Co.. nils lH" Bu-si-au, A . it Co. , cigars', etc. . . \W Benidrv, Narc'.'so, Manul'aot'r Jewelry it Optician 170 Canad' Hank .Note Bngraving and Printing Co. (Thi) 112 Canada Wire Co.. II. R. Ives .. 15* Canada Marine Works, Dry Docks and Shin Yards ■• . .... 114 Canada Paper Co lUo Conadian Rubber Co. of Montreal (The) 106 Cardinal A- Co., tailors HI Cotton, John F., manufocturera' agent 166 Chaplenu, G., safe works I'M Chase 2 Crevier, T , mntr stoves 160 Crilly, John &Co., paper mnfr. . 158 Crompton Corset Co- (The) 151 Davis it Buie. Business College, Montreal 1.30 Davis Sewing .Machine 17.'i Davis it Lawrence t.'o., S. S. Safes and Agricul- tural Impli'montP. 174 LibbC, (Jeo. 11. ife Co., manfac- turers ami importers 108 La Banqno dn I'euple lL'4 L;i Banque Xalionale l'<;t( La Banqiio Vi lie- .Mario 120 Labelle H & Co , provisions. . . . 149 Lacaille, Cha-i. & Co., groceries, wines, etc '46 Luttrell, Jos. & Co., manufact'rs. 172 Latimer. R. .1., Agr. Implements 166 Lang Manufiietuniig Co 172 Lalonde, .M. C., photo artist 171 Lallemand, Fred. A , hanlwaro 15- Laviolette it Xclson, dispensing chemists 109 Lariviere, N. & A. C. carriage builders '37 Laurent, Laforce Sc Co , pianos, etc 149 Lambly , J. T., photo artist 173 Lawless, W. C. it Co., mnfrs printer'.^ e:i.>cs V-B Ledou.x, B. , carriage maker .... ]2'.i Leonard, Brothers, fish 155 Lesser, ,\lona M., tobacco broker iC") Lewis, John, chemist 133 PAttK. Liggett k Hamilton, dry goods, etc 132 Linton, JaJ. & Co., mnfr.i boots, etc 114 Ijoeb, A., dry goods 150 Londr)n it Laneashiro Lifo Ass. Co. and Tho Kiro .tsstiranco Association of London, Kng,. . 109 .Maedonidd, dell- & Co , mnfrs honp skirt-i 142 .Maiki>n/ie, W, stock broker... 116 .Mareoii, J. L. & Co., furriers .... 160 Mnjur Manufacturing Co. (The), paper boxes 117 Mariniti, C., mnrblowork.i 16;) AIcCa«kill, D. A. it Co., varnish manufacturers. lOO MeClary Manufacturing Co.(Tho) stoves 130 Mo"^hnno Bro.s 175 Alc'Jarvey, Owen & Son, furni- tirro UB MeKeiijsie. M. it Co., marine stores 143 -Mao Loan, John Jt Co., fancy dry goiids, etc 123 Me diuin lirothers, coal 137 Mill.ard, H. R., watch materials, oto 151 .Miller Bros. & .Mitchell, ma- eliiiiisls 115 Miller it Higgins, livery board and .sale stables 100 .Millny, P A., tailor 145 Modern Turkish or Roman Bath. (The) m .Montreal Brass Work-<, Robert Mitchell & Co 167 Mongcnais, Boivin & Co., wines, etc 122 Montreal Elevatinst Co 125 Mo itreal .Mirror Manuftr, (The) 151 Montreal S.iw Works 132 .Montreal Steam Laundry Co,, (The) 138 Montreal Wall Paper F.iotory. . . 108 Montreal Warehousing Co. (The) 123 .Montreal Woollen Mill Co. (The; 15i Montreal ( arpet BcatingCo ... 139 •Montreal Stock Yards & Driving Park, C. .M. Acer 102 Montreal llor.?e Exchange Stables 102 iMontrcal RonHiig Co., metal roofers 135 Moa-, S. H. A J. , woollens 138 Mundi*rlnh & Cj., impir French goods, etc 113 Murray. H'm.. watchmaker 15W .Muir, William it Son, coals 144 Musson, Thoniits, kid gloves 165 iVelson, Chas., paints, hardware, etc 175 Now York Piano Co 12(5 North British & Mercantile Ins. Co 104 Notman, Wm., A Son, photogra- phers 128 Oliver, R. S. A Co, flour 163 O.-tell, John lumber 174 Osbiiriie, John, Son A Co., wines, etc Ill OsKood.C N.D., mnfrs agent.. 1.^0 0.swald Bros , stock brokers 135 Patterson. J. W., felt, varnish, eto 172 Packard. LH. A Co., snoo find- ings 131 Parker, J. C, boots and shoes. ... 147 Parsims, S R. .furnituro 148 Perrault Printing Co. (The) 167 Phcenix Foundry, John Findlay. 163 Peacock, W.. cricket bats.. 160 Pillow, llersey A Co. , mlrs horse shoes, etc 108 Pingel, J C, watchmaker 150 Polur, W. K., wall paper 158 P.iliwka, Eniil A Co , drugs 161 Pratt. Noel, cabinet maker 169 Pratte, L. E. N , pianos, etc.... 143 Price, James, hides, eto 136 Price, John, hides, eto 156 Racicot, M. A., patent medicinet 173 INDEX CARD RACK. COLIN McARTHUR & CO., I GEORGE W. REED, Wall Paper Manufacturers, j Slate. Metal, and Grave.. Roofer, . TO ., VOI.TIGEURS .STKKET. 78.3 nrul 78.5 Crai« Street. (C'onNKK Notre Damk Strkkt.) See pnge 108, HoHiriH, Cement, Trinidnd Asphalt, Roofing Miiterial* of iill kinilx, (liilviiiiizcd Iron Cornioea. Sen page 120. MONTSERRAT LIME-FRUIT JUICE ..\ND CC 1I.\I-S. See page ItiO. GARDNER'S MEDICAL H A L L, | JOHN OAHUNEK, Pkoi-kirtor, I Cpr. A'OTA'/i DAME and McGIlJ. STREETS, ' Druggist and Disptmsing Clicmisl, , Forty Ykar.s' Expkriknck. | See page 121. I SUMMERHAYES & WALFORD, PHOTOGRAPHERS. No. I Bi.uERY Street. See page 149. THOMAS J. POTTER, Auctioneer and Real Estate Agent, I9S St. James St., (Oppo-ite Molsons Bank) .Montreal, A Ooiionil Anction bn^incs? trincactecL Snlc room the lii'st and nio"! ncnfrnl in tlio oity— n«od ii» iin .\uprion Hi oni 2.1 year.-. K'^lialjjc V'alnntioti!' of Itf:il Kstiitc t'nrMi. oars' unci'e-'sriil o.tpericnce. Trade .Sales of Tcaa, Ornnifes, Lemons, Ac. DOMINION TYPE FOUNDRY, Kstublishcd iSjO. THE ONLV TYEE EOUNDKY IN CANADA. 15 CHKNNEVIM.K STRKET. President, Alex. .Mirhay. P. A. (-'rosby, Manager. ■See page 147. LAVIOLETTE & NELSON, Dispensing Che.mists, 1605 iVOTRE DAME STREET, i!3 ST. LAWRENCE MAIN. deo puec 109. McARTHUE, CORNEILLE & CO., (Siicce.a.sor.s to John McArthur , Bonds, Bullion, and all articles of value, and pay Prompt Cash, No Commi.'jsion or Brokerage Business Done. "SO MONEY LOA.yED.' ESTAnLISHKD 182S R. BIRKS, CHEMIST AND DRUGGIST.. Importer OF Pird Chemicals, Gbn'iiin'e Dru "s, &c. \ icrj McGlI.,!, ST. (CoK. of Recollect) MONTREAL. See page 106. JOHN AULD, Proprietor, Canadian Cork Cutting Company, (Uy f'alint M'ichinerh.) Office and Factory : IdG CoUcu'e Street, Montreal. Every description of Cork.s on hand and cut to order : also Cork Wrmd and Cork Lite Preservers. All Sizes of 1 lard and Soft Wood Taps, Bungs, Spiles, Caps, ; Bottling Wire, Cork Driving and Capping; Machines, Cap- sules, &c.,&c. Cane Bottle Baskets, Tinfoil. JAMES THOMSON, UPHOLSTERER, CABINET MAKER, HOUSE FURNISHER, & GENERAL DECORATOR. 227 3t. James Street. See page 143. McArl MoArtlm Load.O .Stuffs, 310 ers Si roc Montreal i.« oarrii'd ncille k Diamond varnJMln's •Japan, carry a 1 ready to ties of til l>romp(ly Charles C known, | merchant i:i. ROOKER, cot. "niK .Afiitoriala of nioc8. Sco page 120. ALFORD, tv Street. See pave 149. R, ATK Agent, ank) Montreal. Snlct room flie IIS nil .'Vuciion )rf{fnlEsriilr ories of Fur xperionce. UOIIH, Jkc. f] po., R STREET, lutl till iirticlea of )()iiimi.S!iiun or ic. GGIST, riN'K Dru 's, &c. [COLLECT) See pasTO 106. .lETOR, 'J Company, ) treet, Montreal. nd cut to order ; Preservers. an^3, Spiles, Caps, )^Miichiiies, Cap- ts, Tin-foil. IlsTIDESZ LOoxLtioa-uLeca-] u Riilfton, Peter A .Sonf , tiiniicrit ■ Rjimaiiy, A., ii Soii,paiiitM,etc.. . Kjittriiy,,! , ti Co., tolmcouiilitts. lloii, Diivid, jr , IviitlierK Rend, llcor,ro W., uirt:il rooflmf. I<«>ihi1iIk, »'. J., liiitterM, etc Rivaril, L- K , .stiilionery IloKurn St Kiii(r. iron loiindurn.. Ilolicrtiion. V . ••oal. etc kobiii it Siidlcr, iiiiifi-.f leiitlier hcltiiin Roliund,.). I!.. A- Fils, .'ttatioiiiMK Roso, \V U .t Co., teiiH Royiil Ciiiiiidiiiii liiuniiivu Co .. Royal Iiisuraiiee (!i Royal Sli'iiiii hyviriK, I'riiitiiitc >t Scourinif Works Richelii'U it OiiliirioXav'lion Co. RuboiiBti'lii Itro."., iiiokel plator.". Richelieu Hotel Ryan, t;., Btove.i, etc Sadlier, 1). .t .1 , A Co., book- sellers Samuel, Win., iiinfrx liatv. ele 8Rotl, \V , it Son, oil iiainlinK.4, ete — Scatli, Itobl ., it Soiic, liiilorH . . • Sbeiirer it lirown, iiinfi.-< timber. Shearer, .lame.'', mnfrlrloors, ('Ic. Shearer, .John S. & Co , woolle:, gooda Uii Wl lt)2 l.'tit 120 V<\ 1.'.7 17,1 I.iil llCi 1.'.2 127 \Z\ Vu t! l.)9 171 m 1(« ui; lii2 I(i2 Sliiirpe k Maekiiinon.mnl'niMlip pers, ele Sliiir|)e'.i, .John, KxprcsH Co Sliiiw, lleiiry .). it Co , eabinet- m:iker.«. el(^ SliiKer MaiiufacturiiiK Co., Di;n- eiiii, A. II.. inaniiKcr .'^niMidoii, W. I'" , bootx, etfi Sinitli, K W. it Co.. Maiihulliin feeil for aiiiinal)', etc Sinitli, W. Howe. <'om produet.'' .Sonne, 'I'Iioh , iniifr awninii.'', etc, Sp.irbam Fire Proof UoolJiiK Ce- ment Co Cl'he) Silence, .). (!. it Song, artialu in NliiiiM'd kIii.*.* Standard Ijife .Asifiir. Co (The).. St. Iiiiwrciiee Hall, II. Ilogun, proiirielcu' St. .lainc-i Hotel Sumincrbiiyen ,t WOilford, pho- tourajilier.'* .Suii Mfe .•V.'<..r Ii U , chunii>t Thlbeaiideau Ilros. it Co.,iiiiptrs (Jeniian Roods, ele . . Paijk. 1(lS l.'li! 11(5 l.W V^ li:.') Kit 131) 112 107 V2^ l.V! 14',< 1S.1 la.1 111! 114 1,50 122 Paok. Tlioinpson, ,ra«., iiiihnlKterer, etc Hi 'I'liousaiKi (^hinil (iranitu Co.... \W 't'oiirville, L. Jc Co , Rraiii iihip- pem 1(13 Tucker, lico., Indian iiiedicinn.. 10.) Victoria Wire W.irk.^. A. Hecarie liW VuloMii Holler Work.H Ufi Wa.lkor, .1 H .wood onuraver.. I.S7 Walker,.! \i , paper stock, etc. l.')8 Walker, W. S., diaiiioiid.H 155 Ward. .Iosc|ih. |irodiice,(^tc — UO Warren, II I!, it Co , xcale infr« l.'i.'i Weir,.) it K ,en((iiieer». etc. .. . M9 Weir. Williiini, banker and Hlock broker l.'ifl Wbiieliiiil, W. A..f.. watelim'kcr 17(5 Whithani. ,)ame!i it Co., luiifm nhoes.eto 105 Wheeler it Wil.«on Manuf'g Co.. J7I Wlllin it ('o , piaiiuH, orKiin.-i, etu 148 ' Wilson, .J. C- A Co., lunfrs |ia|ier, eto lis Wilson, Tlios it Co , importers.. 120 Wil. Wilson, ('eo., boots and shoos.. lt)7 Wright, P , dry goods \tA Wiilll'it Co., iiinfrd agent 122 lON. lKer, house ECORATOR. i See page 143. See page 1301 KIcArtliur, <'«»rii<>lll(> & Co., Siicce.'!. to .lohn McArthur A Son, .Maiuifaeturer.- and Inipi r' i- of Wliltc Lead, Coloi?. lilass. Varnishe.", Oils. Cliemical.-' and Dye Stuffs, 310(0 31tj St. PanlSlrect aiidUT to 1,')1 Coiuuils:-lon- ers .Street. — .\moiiK the inanv industries carried on In Montreal is that of the manufacture of paints, which is carried on extensively by the lirni of .McArthur, Cor- neille A Co. The firm make n specially of "Crown Uiainond," white lead, and al.so cv .wn diamond carriaso varnishes, crown diaminid coach piilnlers drop black In .Japan, crown diamond maclilncry oils. etc. The lirm carry a full stock of (rSee page 111. E.. ENS, IT IONS, MUXTUKAL. .See page 119. CO., MERC;UANTS ) MoXTHKAl,. 6cc piiKf 139. isr, liuii.sini,' of I'liy- Ii<'iiit-s only. HiiildinB, See piige 133. SON, s, I International |'^ s 1S67. Cen- j|j Jai. Australia See page 128. lOOFING V. Mo.VTRBAI,. lARY, ;c.-'l"re8s. Set! piige l.'i9. SON, V(.'s, rnrnaoes, Ko'.il' Uiiiliiig.-, {iiilroad. Orna- iuid Hutnil. I OniigSt., mid iVorlcs : (,'orrier ' I'.Q. i See page 125. I THE DOMINION OF CANADA. ^!si^t■ Dominion of Canada— Harvesting by Imijroved Machinery. A BRIEF REVIEW, IIISTORK'AI- AM) I>ESf;l!IPTIVE, ITS C OJI.MEnCI.VL AXD IXDUSTRIAI. r.I-l. SOURCES AXD ADVAXTAOES, ADAPTED FOR THE I'EIU SAL OE CITIZEXS, STRAX- 0ER8 AXD TRAVELLERS, AXD IN COM.MEMORATIO>' OF THE Vl-^IT OF THE DRITISII ASSOt'IATIOX TO TILE DO.MIXIOX. By the Most Hon. the Marquis of Lorne, K.G., etc., etc., etc. Our "Scientists" have shown that they can do more than rend "the Testimony of the Hocks."' They can rcail the signs of the times, and lead the way in those social relations which do as much as statecraft ^o hind comnui- nities together. They have givon statesmen an cxami)li3 in deciding to hold the annual gathering of the British Association in Greater Britain. They have looked hcyond our own island at the wider fields where wo have i)lanted the broad territories of our Empire. An invitation to visit Montreal, in Canada, was accepted, and this acceptance has proved that men who lead in much of the intellectual life of England know that "England" is not only that country which lies between the Tweed and the Chamiel. Wherever the Union .Jack floats, England lives, and tlio The Last of Fort Garry-A Memento of rj-eipi-Qcal courtesies of the great men of each locality iu the Manitoba KeheUion. our Empire will serve to show to foreigners that one pulse of patriotism beats in the veins of each limb of our mighty Union. As the Silurian and Laurcntian rock-beds stretch unilcr the seas from the motl; . land to Canada, so do the firm bonds of mutual interest and brotherly affection cause the two peoples to stand together on the ground of a common Imperial orgin, a common present purpose, with equal hopes of a profitable and inseparable future alliance. 34 THE DOMINION OF CANADA. As with C'aniu'.a, so it is witli our sons {^lown strong in Australia and New Zealand. Era- press of the Southern Seas, Australia is one with us, and nothing but the greater time neces- sary for a visit can stand in the way of a journey on the part of the British Association to the Antipodes. Tliis, too, will bts overcome; and iis our .Southern cousins have sent us their cricketers, we are bound to send them *'a reprcscn*iitivo team " of men who can hit as hard with the weapons of the mind as can the batsmen of either country with the " willow." JJut to say the truth, there is a great deal that is trying to the average human being, even if he bo a man of science, in the sea journey. The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak. Not long ago 1 heard an enthusiastic Canadian speak to an assembly, in the Hall of the So- ciety of Arts, on the subject of the proposed M(mtreal meeting. Many of the British Associ- ation were present, and the speaker endeavored to show that tlie enterprise on which they p: ' B^iit^f?* n- --- I r ;fi iCii y<, • ■ ii — i I ffl Dominion of Canada— Ox Train, Maiki-t Square, Wipnipeg. Vvcre bent was a mere trifle in the matlcr of endurance. It was ixctliing : yet how mucli the audience evidently desired those two nothings in the way of sea journeys to lie over! Yet he imniagcd to imbue Ihe trembling and doubtful geologists with some cunlidence. It is natural tliat a geologist should like to be on land. What can he do with his hammer at sea? 'J"hc phinks of the deck may be interesting to a botanist; but notliii g about the ship can in- terest a geologist, unless it l)e (he iron in the engine-room. And, frcni the contemplation of that, the evil smell must banish him. I>ut the meteorologist, the mathematician, and men following physical scientific study, may find interest and amusement iu tlie various problems suggested by the huge machine which so regularly beats out its path over the swinging waters. Yes, it was evident that among that audience there were some ins])ired with hope that even the Atlantic would not be so terrible. So the orator confidently began. " The voy- age is after all not long. The ships lielonging to the Allan and Domini m Lines are magnif- icent, and nu)st comfortably provided in accommodation, in food, and in an able crew. On leaving Liverpool the first heavy waves are met off the coast of Ireland, ard several fine days may assuredly be looked for, while on the seventh you will be beyond tl.e Banks of New- fouiuUand. Then in the Straits of Belkisle you find shelter. During tlw ri'maining two or three days you will be in smooth water, Quebec will be reached aft'-r a quiet time in the gulf of the river, and you will walk to land and take the rail, and the superior cars of the Grand Trunk Railway." Yet of one feature — a chilly one, certainly, although not likely to be seen in th<3 late sum- mer passage — we should speak. This is the ice on the Atlantic. This is either floe ico which THE DOMINION OF CANADA. 85 drifts from the frozen bergs of the Polar Sea, and is only met in June by the steamers, or it is the hev'^ ice broken oil' from tlie great glaciers of Greenland and the liigh coasts around Baf- iin's Bay. In spring llm passage tlii')ugh Belleislo m full of floating pieces, and I have seen an iceberg grounded there even in Noveiiiber, its white glistening sides reflected in a deep indigo sea, while its cold peak stood forth in strong relief against the light saffron of a sky dyed with the reflection of the sunset. It was a late comer from the tall ice cliffs, which, driven downward and shoreward by the pressure of the frozen inland masses, break off in immense fragments, and topple over into the ocean currents, to be carried by them southward until melted by the sun's hcnv, find the wanner waters along the coast of the United States. The boulders which strew the sides of the channel of the St. Lawrence, as well as every ledge on the lloors of the ocean, have been carried by such agencies of ice and current, and often wheu Dominion of Canada— Lumber Industries— Hauling Logs. the rivers l)roak t'leir winter chiiins and send them grinding along on the loosened torrent, you may see the geological jiroblem which of old i)U/./.le(l people solved before your eyes; for large stones are being rapidly carried along to be at last sunk below the tides, when the white ihariot which has lornc them has been dissolved. To the navigator these wandering l)erg8 are a nuisance, for care has to be taken to avoid tliein. lint even a collision with one of (liem Is not enough to damage a good modern ship so as to ilcstroy her i)ower of making port. The Arizona, when she "collided" with .an ice mountain on her way from New York, liad her foro compartment stove in, but the water-tight doors prevented any further (loodjng of her frame, inul she steamed to St. John as if nothing had happeiu-d, and thence, after a .short delay, liiiished her voyage to Britain. With a good look-out, and with the care always taken by the Canadian liners not to run too fast in fog or dirty weatliei'. there is no danger. Indeed, the amount of risk incurred when ii traveller puts himself on board a 'I'ransatlantic vessel of the lirst-class, is far less than that involved in an ordinary railway journey. The Arctic current is ])a8sed in about t\\\. days' sti'iuniiig. It pours along the Labrador (toasts, of which our voyagers will only see the southern fringe. But an interesting (jucstion is about to be solved, in connection with the floes. Do they, or do they not, stoj) the way altogether to the practi- ''al and ycivly use of Hudson's Bay by bUxiking TTudson's Straits ? The Fur Company of " Adventurers Trading" thither have for a century run sailing ships into the Bay once every 36 THE DOMINION OF CANADA. year, and very few have been lost. It is natnrally argned that if sailing ships tan make tlieir way witli such certainty as to make it wortli the wliile on the part of the Company to send them to Fort Cliurcliill, it must surely he easier to traverse the Straits, nay the Fort a visit, and return in safety by means of steamers. If this be the ease, the shortest route to the in- terior wheat lands of the eontinent is oi)en for a time. Hut for liow long a time? That is the question. Manitoba has been pressing for an answer, and the Canadian Government havo acceded to her wishes in preparing an exi)edition which shall take scientific notes. The years probably vary greatly in affording a more or less ojicn iiassage. Dr. Bell, of the Canadian Geological Survey, once left .James's Bay. which is the southern i)orti(m of Hudson's Sea, on the i;3th of September in a sailing craft. A week was occupied in crossing into the Straits, and then three more weeks went by before favoring winds brought the ship into the open sea.. Dominion of Canada- -Grand Fotmtain, Horticultural Gardens, Toronto. Diu'ing the four weeks thus occupied tlie weather was so warm tliat the men attended on the Sundays the service on deck with no extra clothing, ami very little ice was seen. Of course the lato autunui of that year may have been an exceptionally mild scasnii. I>ut the fact tliat so much open water often exists proves the wisdom of the expenditure of sonu- inoney in ex- idoration and caicful observation. Old Hudson Hay men are always ready to swear that there is nothing like the old method, and that the screws of " jjropellors" are certain to get crushed, and that wooden sailing ships are the only ships which can with .safety and certainty make the voyage; but — nimx rrryaiix. Let us leave these hyi)erboreaii problems and look at the shores of liabrador or \cwfound- land. Those of the northern land are low, those of the southern island bold, indented, and picturesque. It was upf)n these that the gaze fell of the tirst Eui'opean who discovered thi> New World, when Eric the Reoldt says, *' the (Uilii)hatc of Hagdad was still flourishing under the Abbas- sidcs, and while the rule of the Samanidcs. so favoiable to poetry, still nourished in T'eisia." Nine hundretl years have since come and gone, but these shores remain as they were, for the thick woods of light firs are uncdeared, and the deer on the land, and the seals, the white por- poises, and the wild fowl of the waters have almost as "good a time " as they enjoyed in those old days. Newfoundland still receives with loyalty a Governor sent out by the Old T 11 !■; 1) ( ) M 1 M () N ( ) F C A N A D A. (oinitiy, instead of followiiij^ the ixaniplo of the rrovinccs of the Dominion, which, witli iMjual loyalty, receive a Governor nominated as the rei)resentative of monarchical democracy liy the Canadian Government. For two leiins she has liad the happiness of having a distin- jiuished sailor and colonial statesman, namely, Sir .John (ilover to preside over her councils. .Sir John has lately returned to his lirst transatlantic love after a brief connection with a uroup of the fair West Indian Isles. As all tlie world knows, hi^ was to have led the expedi- tion against King Coffee in Ashantee. JJut at the eleventh hour a change in the views of the military authorities of England took place, and .Sir (Jarnet Wcdseley with regular troops was sent out, leaving to Sir John Ci lover the task of making an attack to divert the attention of Dominion of CoHiHlii—liiilrnu llonni: nttturii. UesiiU'nrv of the (lovvniordcnt'rol. the enemy l»y a par.allel march witli his gallant blai'k "lUius.sa" levies. Tiie part thus allotted to Sir John (Slover he undertook with the greatest success, hut at one point of the march Fortune seemed tu declare against him. .\ n.itive chii'f living some distance uji <'0untry swore tliat he could not jiroviik! tlu! necessary transpuil. It was weil known that he wns jHM'fectly able to do so, and aflt'r a courcreiice which had proceeded uselessly for a whole iiinrning a Hat refusal was given liy the black sovereign. Sir John's irc^ was u)), and he rose, and with dignity aners Dominion of Canada— \\'inter Amiiscmcntu- Foucij Dress Shiliitt/. sho sent. Tn Sir John MacDonald's words, spoken in ISCi.". ■• Tlvj whole thing is worked by a simple lUde of Three. For instance, we have in Upper Canada one million four hundred thousand; in Lower Canada one million one hundred thousand. Now the proposition is simply this: — Lower Canada has a right with one million one hundred thousaiul to sixty-live members, how many members should Upper Canada have? The same rule applies to tLe other Provinces, the proportion is ahv.iys observed, and the principle of population carried out If an increase is made in the numbers in the House, Lower Canada is still to be made the pivot on which the whole calculation will turn."' IJut all these safeguards could not prevent misgivings among some of Quebec's worthiest sons. Their feelings were like those which prompted the old Scottish peers at the time of the Union with England. It was, in their fears, "the end of a noble old song." "Confederation," .said one of them, "only exists as a scheme. But when the ilifTerent Provinces .shall meet in the Federal Parliament as on a field of battle, when they have there contracted the habit of contending with each 40 TIIK DOMINION OF CANADA. other to cause their own interests, so various and so incompatible with eai^h other, to prevail, and when, from repetition of this undyin}^ strife, jealousy and inevitable liatred shall have resulted, our Bcutimcnts towards the other Provinces will no longer be the same; and shouM any great danger, in which onr safety would depend upon our united condition, arise, it would then, perhaps, be found that our I'eileral Union had been the sijifnal for our own dis- union." .Such gloomy views were met by the lirm and confident language of another French Canadian statesman. '* If we remain alone," he exclaimed, '' wc can aspire to no position, wo can give rein to no ambition, as a iK'o])le. Wc havj^ at the present time as many systems of Judicature as we have Provinces ; with Confederation, on the contrary, this defect will be removed, an the mother country. Already, Dominion of Canatla— Mail Train finn Selkirk io Wiinupe;/. therefore, the prophecy that the tying together of the separate sticks into one faggot would provide fuel for patriotic ardcjr among the colonists, and respect in the motlun- country to- wards her great dependencies, has proved true. Canada presents to the world the spectacle of a united peoi)le, daily and hourly growing in strength and union. Tier allianct! will soon bo a prize, her depeni;riii»lii'is in tlu' scveiitocnlh ffiitury ^avo up all tlio country west of lliul- soii's IJay to an imaginary and indelinito ouean. Around tliis Knj;lislinion placed " New South Wales " and " New Caledonia," wliile no one disputed tliut " Now France " was all tlio St. Lawrence valley. To l»c sure t\w New Knjilandcrs did not like this, and wi're determined lo alter it if i)os.sible, but they never succeeded in doinf? .so. In maps of the time of William and Mary you will still sec that overythinj; to the north of the (Julf of California is marked as unknown. On the Pacilie the i;;norance of California was so general until recent years that when in IS4'.) the lirst stroiiff inllux of Americans took i)lace into that State, men in New York derided the folly of friends who proposed lo settle in that " unprolitahle wildcrnes.il" Dominion of CanadOr- House of Parlininvnt from the AVrer The land wliich is far to the north of <'alifon)ia. namely. IJiitish Columliia. is one of Uie l)est valued of the C.anadi.an .States. France has become too Parisian, or she niinht have (>olonie?^. I>nt she loves the Houlevard, hides even the street view with trees, and shuts up the etid of the vista with a museum, or a monument to national <;lory. .She plants out her view of thiujKs at honu;, and she does not Itlant herself abroad. This is a mistake. What she could do if she were not always turninjf to the looking-f^lass she showed in the sixteenth and tlie early part of the seventeenth cen- turies! Then she sent her people to subdue the earth. They hef^iin the woik. and liavo I'on- timied it. hut the mother country ayain took to the lookin<4'-^lass, and in her eoutemiilatiou of herself forgot her children. They diil not at that time contribute to her iiicniiK plaisirSf which mif^ht occasion a fre.sh wrinkle, so they were conyied. But what gallant children they 44 TIIK DOMINION <»F f'ANADA. were wlio thus ri-nmiiii<(1 foiHakoii, yet fortuniitc! The iiiiincH of the fiiHt pionecrH, Hnldiora, and martyrs ol' New Krnmo will be uh hoiuired a» are those oi the early warriuitt and HainlM uf tbo Frankisli kiii^Mloni. ... Around a lifailland to the Houth lios the Halo dcs f'haleurB, so-called because it was in the hot July (if l">:!4 tliat .Iat'(|U(s Caitier cast his anchm- in the Hasin of (iaspt'. In the followin;; year he astemkd to <^iieiiet' and iMonlreal. Nearly ei{,dity years aflirwards the name track was followed by Chaniiiluin, while other adventurers, notably Do Monts, made theinselvoB at homo In Nova Scotia and New lUunswiik. The advent of the first farmer who be'^an to how and reaji in the new land, by name Louis Ilrbert, took ])laee in 1(117, and four years latin- matters ha«l so far lu'ofjresscd that a rejiister was opened for births, niarria^je.s, and tieaths. The Churth was ever in the skirniishinj? line of the advance, ordering, ret^ulating all enter- prise, and working for the good of the native and of the invader. For a long while "Canada" was the I'rovince of (Quebec only. Then when the present (Jntaiio became l)eopled, " Upper Canada"' was the name she received, and Iheso two large rrovinces were governed sepa- rately from the maritime rrovinces. W'iiere ail tlie J'higlihli-spcaking com- munities are devotedly loyal to the Imperial connection it is dillicult to specialize (be piitriotism of any in an cs])ecial degree. I^ut it should al- ways bo remembered that Halifax, St. .John in New Mrunswick, and To- ronto were founded by men who went there because they were IJritish loy- alists. These! cities liegan their exist- ence in the sad days when the Amer- ican colonics revolted against the abuse of the right claimc I' ( ANADA. 4^ (iuiivlii. From that time jjroiit works Iiuvl' Im'uii imiUitaktii liy ii peoplo rci!of;iii7.iiiK each \i'i»- more and more llic lU'tcHHity iiiul uki' of union. Tlie Ijitt'icoloniiil Kailwuy, hiiulinn Nova Scotia and Xuw IJinnHwidt to Qm-lu'c; the (JiiiiKl TiimU. tnivcisinf,' a groat part of tlio older portion of tlio country, and liavin({ Its tninini in tin- Amcriean cities of Portland and (luiajjo, witli other lines, have liecn nndertiiki'M liy (ht> younif nation. Immense ialior has Itci'U he- >t(i\vi'd on Ihc creation and ticepi'nin;^ of canals and river channels. The prosjierity of tho rountry and its vast undevolojied rosonrccs have comhined U> attract ennurants to an extent heretofore unknown. Tho numhers of tlie einifj;rantH have risen of litc^ from hyMX) per an- iiiini to joi.OdO and i:',.").(tii(). Oitrciiteriirisin>,'neiKhhors, tho Americans, have of course a far liirK't'i' sliare, which iioliody <;rudj;eH to them. Not lonu a«;o a United States ollieial whose jiatriotism had outrun his dis- cretion, was anxious to make it ai>i)ear liy his suhordinato's returns that tho Canadians were all runninj; away from tiicir own territ(uics, and were passin;^ over at Detroit to I'ndo Sam's emhracos. Yet tlu! nund)ers who ])assed over steadily diminished, and tho patriotic ollicial's wrath at liis man's rei)oits increased. '• There were less th' ' year, sir." '■ Xo, no, you fool, there must he more." " There are .stillfewer now!'' " What, you don't mean that there are even less womiMi and children'"'' •' Yes. sir." •■ Well, then, if there are nrmo, you must make (Unnula-Winter Amn.ement.s-Nnoic-Shoehi!, bi, Moonlight. llieiii up in your report.'' And '•made uj) '' they were — on paper. The infant colony did not j;et throu!:ih its early years without trouhle. The Xcw England- ers were tlie hitter foes of the French, who at lirst had tho host of it in many a tussle. Tho Indians usually sided with the Catholics a!;ainst the Puritans, and their aid was very material assist;nice. In the maritime Provinces the .\cadia)is could make no siu-cessful head, hut Louishurs remained a tower of strength, and a rallyinij jjoint for the Fiench, until the yejir hefore thii fall of (^uehec. Xnmhers were, however. j;reatly on the side of the Enj^lish. In 11)8!) the Irociuois Indians proved that they could hate all white men imj)artially hy jjcrpetrat- ini; a terrihlo massacre at Montreal, ft is related that tho savages crossed the river during a sjreat thuii(h'r.st()iiu at night, and jtut to death man, woman, and child. Mort; happy in 109O the French of (iuchec nuxnagod to defeat .\dmiral Phipps, who, in his retreat, was overtaken hy a tempest, and only regained Hoston with half of his armament. Winthrop, also advanc- ing upon .Montreal, was compelled to give way, and hy tho Treaty of Pyswiek, Franco hccame mistress of Hudson's Bay in addition to her former possessions. History repeated itself in. 411 THE DOMINION OF CANADA. the expedition of Adinirjvl Walker, wIjosc vcssi-ls were lost on Ej^fj isliuid, a spot visilile on j^'orfjc, liemnied in by the rounded mountains, is well worth the two or tliree days whii'li sliould l)e jfiven to it, nor should the tourist be satisfied until he has penetrated as far as the (Jrand-Deeharse, where Lake St. .John jjours forth to till a channel far deeper tlian the St. Lawrence, into which it leads. At the nioutli of the .Saj^ueney the lirst Canadian church waa built, and a nulitary post established. And now, in our ascent of the river, we see the mountains plaiidy on tiie northern side, and Dominion of Ciuimlii — ]]'iiifiT Atnunfrnvnts—Tohofjijiiniiui. the stream is only a few miles wide. I'resently it n:nrows. wlieie a lonu:, low. firecu island tills its centre. Tliis was called the " Isle of Bacchus " by the lirst explorers, because it wns full of wild vines. When this has been i)asscd, a line view ojiens of Quebec on its headland, liartini;- the valleys of St. Lawrence and St. Charles. The massed buildings of the city crowd tlie steej) slope, which descends abrnjjtly into the water, that bears a scattered freioht of sliip- V'nv^. On the southern i)ank there is a. considerable town, called after Montcalm's lieuten- ant, the Manpds de Levis. Here the steamers disembark emi'.irants. and the passenj^crs desir- ous to proceed by rail to ^lontreal. l?ut it would be a sin not to see Quebec at closer quai'ters. The points of greatest interest are the followin-j; : The Dnfferin and Durham Terraces give a walk with a view wliich is one of the " great views of the world." Athens, Prague, Edin- burgh, Salzbiujr, Venice, and Quebec have, perhaps, the most beautiful sites; and travellers will agree that the last is not the least in i)ossessing the attributesof grandeur. From this ter- race a circuit should be made along the " Old Town Lines "—ancient cmbrazured defences, ■nap THE DOMINION OF CANADA. 47 still showing the riuui()'U)f a past iv^c pointed to the n])i)roaches by whieh assaults were niado in (he last eeiitiiry. If such a promenade be taken, tlie touiist will pass the wing of the old (.'hiiteau de St. Lcjuis, where dwelt the French Governors and Connnanders, and passing tho Post Oliice, should n**^..>:-^-j'X ■ ■ ■'.-f' Dominiiin iif ('(nuuld liavvrnmcnt HuiMhign at ToroMtn. Beyond we vomv to tho Hotel Dieu, a hospital tended by nuns, who dwell in this building from the day they enter it to tho day they die, seeing tho outer world only from the windows of their simply-furnished cells, or from where tho long lorriilors adorned with the memorials of early martyrdoms, or with tho pictures of the foundress, the Duchess d'Aiguillon, and of her followers, look out on harbor, riveiitinul the bhu! Uaurentiau hills. .lust below is tho great wet tlock, the ipiays of which are soon to be covered w ifh warehouses, taking in tho freight of the railway led hither from the West. The hosijltal has for a neighbor t)ther old French buildings devoted to a very ditlerent use. Crossing the road which leads out )iast what was once a fortilied gate, we see the arsenal buildings, now mainly used .is a cartridge niaimfactory. AVith high, sloping roofs, pierced by gabled windows, they stand now as they did in tho time of the siege, and both these and the hospital show marks of cannon shot tired by English ships lying olT the Isle oi Orleans. Ne.nr the aiscnal, a t:dl house was the head- quarters of the IJritish .Vrtillery StatT, uidil the Imi)ciial troojjs were withdrawn in recent years. The path around the raiui)art now as<'euds the hill, and passing the St. .John and Kent gates, th^ I'arade (J round is reached near the gate of St. Louis, a line archway, through Whidi passes ihe road which leads to the Plains of Abraham. 48 THE DOMINION OF CANADA. Nearly 11 half of the cinniinforcnco nf the rita and English Canadian, soon determined that the claimant had a right to the liarony. but old French us.ige only proved hat a Ilaron and Seigneur had t.he I'livilege to receive first at the hands of the priest the consecrated bread in tlte Sacrament if the church ho attended was upon liis property. What was the place of a proprietor with the title of Uarou u.t the French Court T 11 F. I) O M I N I () \ () 1' ( • A N A I) A. • 46 Ik, aiul it ol' us ;urve ill E Ijcfoio miUliii^? ided fill- •liaiueiit ortifica- ked ami 1 it as a the fur my kind ; but the city, and round it. a;id tlie and the (^hboiinji ce had of ;he privi- LIII. Al- xlaway," tho hands •, ^.[. .loly, I'cchcttc ii and tht-io country s made a e forests, tliatmost steadily (luantity. ms family IS liad his iiuliidt'd aintainod. lied a de- rm y. Tho IS revived 1)0 reooy;- ncorned. if codeni'e, :!. r.hite rank •IS, Kreiuli ly. but old tiist at tho d was upon cnch roiwt «» C'aJia(/(i llumcofaii Early Nettler. eould not be ascertained. In England place was given to liim, and on one ooeasion he was ranked with Imperial I'rivy Councillors, but Canadian rule must regulate Canadian place, and tiiis gentleman, worthy in all respects of his distinguished ancestors, remains titled, but with no additional step in social status. Perhai)s he felt that it was more dignified to receive noth^ ing but what was undoubtedly his own. Between Quebec and Montreal there is little to arrest attention. Lake St. Peter spreads its (broad expanse between the flat and fertile farm lands of tlie upper portion of the Province, and a deep channel is dredged in its shallow bed to ensure tho safe passage of trans- Atlantic steamers. With Montreal only need we now concern ourselves. This city is the bounio to which tlie members of the British Association were bound, and from which we may hope that they returned happier, although it would be diflicult to imagine them wiser, than before. The town is noticeable from a dis- tance by the cloud of smoke rising from its factories, and on a nearer appro.adi is seen to line with handsome stone-wrought wharves the river bank, while tlu' houses extend far along the sliore, and are spread to the foot of a wooded hill, which rises a mile from the river, solitary and iiicturcstiue, a main feature of the thirty-niile-long isl.md on wliiili tlie city is built. The most ci nspicuous features among the buildings arc the two towers of the Roman Catholic Cathedral of >«otre Uame. It is worth wliil'3 to attcuid one of the great choral services to hoar the magniticL basi; voice of one of the singers belonging to this church, and to see a typ- ical French-Ci. ladian (-ongregation. As more than 'MXi can find room on the ami)le floor, and in the galleries^, a better opportunity cannot bo found. There are many Irish in Montreal, and they man.age to succeed as well as most ^)eople. Hero, as elsewhere in America, they (•refer town to country. It is to be observed that in San Francisco some of the richest of "the citizens are men v.'ho came to the (roldei) (iate with no advantage but their native wit to back them. The edifice w hiih interested the British Association's members the most is perhaps one of the newest — the Museum of tlic M'Gill University, where an excellent collection of the native fauna, coiichology, antl geology has been w'ell arranged under the auspices of tiie learned Principal Dawson. The specimens shown here and at Ottawa of the Enzi'ion (jUiKtiJfusr, a coral, supposed to be the earliest created thing preserved to us in the rocks, will arrest at- tention. Laok also for the charred remains of the grain used by the lied Man w ho inhabited the palisaded circular Indian town of llochelaga, where Montreal now stands Compare tho carvings of the pijjos and i)ottcry of these aborigines with those fi'oni oilier i>arts of Auierica, and notably with, the remarkable work of the Pacific Coast people, whose wood-cutting and shell inlaid work remind one at once of the troi)hies of tho New Zcalanders. Principal Daw- son is himself fiNova Scotian, and many of the fine plants and ferns of tho coal measures h.ave been personally selected from that province, and brought for exliibition by him. The great niiuiu-rics arc not, of course, open to the public, but visitors may see the excel- lent girls' school at "N'illa Maria, where the nuns have many hundreds under their charge, and in the Hotel Dieu tlu: hospital is a model of cleanly and careful tending of the sick. Some of the citizens' houses are sumptuous, and pleasantly situated, but there are ixme fur- nished better than the big liotel — Mie Windsor — wiiich is one of the best houses of i nterlain- ment on the Continent. The St. Lawrence Hall is also a good house, kept by a gentleman who was well known to all army oflicers in the days when two or tlii'ee British regiments were permauently quartercc' at Montreal. But as in Quebec, the chief altractions are the 60 THE DOMINION OF CANADA. places outside the municipal boundaries. What more hoautil'ul drive can be had than that around "the Mountain" or that to Monklands, or along the strong-flowing iSt. Lawrence to the village of Lachine, passing on the way the wooded islands which listen all the year to tlio rush of the Kapids, and are the favorite summer picnic grounds of the citizens ? Engineers will admire the constructive faculty of Stephenson in the \'ictoria Hrjdge, but the party which goes up river to take the steamer to run the Kapids will almost be sorry when it ap- j)cars ahead, for it tells that the last and heaviest liapid has been passed by the steamer, and that the pleasant excitement of a day passed amid all the appearance, and with none of the reality of danger, is over. It is not long ago that vessels of the size of those which now run down these watei- stairs and up, about olacc which has year by year an increasing interest. It is the home of sawdust and of Civil Service. Fine Parliament and " Departmental" buildings rise on a bold clitf overlooking the wide river, which narrows where the stream gushes over a steep ledge of rock forming the Chaudiere Falls. The waters led into the mills above these falls drive many saws, which cut into planks the rough logs felled in the northern forests and floated down to this point. Im- mense piles of planking wait their turn to be demolished by embarkation in the canal boats, which take them to Montreal, or through the artiticial water channels of New York State. The demand is enormous, and the supply is still ample; but every ten years sees a decrease in the "square timber,'' and "lumber" must gradually rise in price, as the forest sources from which the best of it is obtained diminish iu area. It is during the Avintcr, when the plank-cutting is no longer sending wood-dust to lloat cm the stream, and when the woodmen are all away felling trees iu the distant north, that the Parliament assembles. The IIouscs usually sit for about three months. Everything outside the well-lighted Legislative Palace is muffled in white snow. The stars sparkle at night through the keen clear air. and when during the day the thermometer is vi'ry low you see all the snudte rising from chimneys of the city like white steam. Most exhilarating is it to drive over the snow in such air, wiiether in starlight or bright sunlight, with the sleigh bells ring- ing a delightful chime on the horses' backs in front of you. An eminent Canadian statesman is reported to have denied that there was any pleasure in this, but he has been too patriotic to publish his opinion. Therefore, with the indiscretion of a Driton. I give it. "There is nothing particular," he is reported to have said, "in the sensation of sleighing. You can have it any winter, anywhere. All you have to do is to open a window on a frosty cold day, scat yourself in front of it with your feet in a tub of ice-cold water, and then h.ive a small liand bell rung some\\ here in front of your lap. There you have the pleasure of sleighing." To others this seen\s severe. IJut the statesman whose remark it wns is the most high- spirited and hapi)y-miii(led in Canada. Nevertheless, ninety-nine people in a hundred will disagree with him when this topic of Canad'an conversation is introduced. A room which does not give room enough to its contents, namely, that containing the models for iiatents. gives an idea of the variety and number of inventions protected by the scn.sible Patent Laws. Instead of a payment of 100/., as in England, a Canadian patent may THE DOMINION OF CANADA. 51 Ito piocuiud for I'loiii lOl. to 2(»/. A model is depo.situd at Ottawa, aud the colluotion of these, though badly housed, is most mterestuig. If possible, tiie visitor should also ask to be shown the department where the surveys of the new lands opened up in the north-west are being digested and reduced to proper size and position in the great Government maps, whRh show how much land has been " taken up," and how much at any given time renuiins " the gift of God to the people," as Mr. George would say. The Camidians and Americans fully realize that land is "the gift of God to the jicople," but, oddly enough, the lirst thing the people, as represented by their freely-elected Government, do with it, is to sell it to that terrible monster — the individual becomes a land- owner, and the more of them there are the better, say this irrational people, who have found out to their cost the expense of managing any property otherwise than through the agency of " the individual."' Government management, such as the " nationalization of land ' would entail, would mean its management through an army of oflicials, changed with the varying ihanges of political life and its attendant patronage. Canadians tried to manage the making of railways in such fashion, and were very glad t» get rid of the incubus when they could, and they are too wise to deluge their landownership Tvith the evils of an lumecessary bureaucracy. Whenever Mr. George's adherents are s' ong, they must explain how tliey wish to manage the management, that is, how they could *• nationalize'' laud without creating a host of expensive otlicials to overlook it. creating an amount of party patronage which would be evil for the nation and good only for political '■ wire-pullers." A digression into politics is in order when we are contemplating a political capital. Let us look into the Legislative Chambers. These are very handsome (iotliie halls, lighted Iiy windows lilled with glass colored in Canada. The colnnnis wliich divide the wall sjjace, and rise to arch in the galleries, are of a gray nnirble found at Arnprior. Between the Sen- ate Chamber and that devoted to the House of Commons are reading rooms, and a fui<> library with high domed roof. This apartment is a model of what such rooms sliould be; for it is as light and bright as a lady's drawing-room, and the books, instead of making it look musty 111(1 gloomy, are so arranged as to add to the comfort and cheerfulness of the place. Unluckily there is not space enough in these buildings, appai'ently commodious though they be, for the rapid augmentation in the number of the members of the Civil Service conse- quent on the constant eni.irgement of the business of the country. Another (roverinnent building is devoted to geology, and, under the able superintendence of Dr. Selwyu and Dr. Dawson and their colleagues, has become a very complete exhibition of the mineral resources of the Dominion. Among the latest curiosities, note the line Devo- nian fishes from the Bay of Chaleur ; the gigantic bones of Dinosaurian monsters from the cretaceous measures of Alberta, the line tertiary leaves from Manitoba, and the carbonifer- ous plants from Pictou. Among the marbles it is observable that the red .and variegated kinds from" Beaucc, in Que- bec, are quite equal to many which have obtained possession of the European market, while the (Inrk-green serpentines arc often cpiite uneiiualled in beauty. Specimens of gold ami silver, copper, iron, and lead ores from almost all parts of the wide territories are to be seen, as well as examples of the coals of the Far West. The most re- nnirkable gold nuggets come from Quebec and from British Columbia, the latter being by far the richest Province in all the precious metals. But in silver the country around Thunder bay, on Lake Superior, runs it hard, for the richness of the ore there is often surprising, al- though the area over which it has yet been found is small. C jpper, also from the same lake's shore, shows every kind, from the pure block of native 52 THE DOMINION OF CANADA. copper to the earthen locks in which hirge i)erceuta<^es of the same is found. A small tray containing "aniuerite," or an amalgam of silver and mercury in lozenge-like pieces, is in- teresting as again demonstrating British Columbian treasures; but the pure ore of mercury, tlie red, close-grained, heavy stuff which delights the heart of the Californian miner, has not as yet been discovered in Canada in ijuantitics tfiat would repay the working of it. The coals from the mines between Medicine Hat and the Kocky Mountains display an ever- increasing excellence as the hills are approached, initil in one glen anthracite itself lias cropped ui> in a thick vein. Nothing can exceed the importance tu the welfare of the North- West of these discoveries. But we must "hurry up." and need not delay in looking at the Governor-Oeneral's house, which is hideous but very comfortable. Its only beauty lies in the I'udless happy memories associated with it in the minds of those who, in being privileged for a time to take part iu the rising national life of a people destined to be great and strong, have found their duties become pleasures through the hearty manner in which their elYorts to further the desires of the people have been met and recognized, with an unbounding and unfailing generosity of ac- knowledgment. If the journey to Ottawa has led the traveller up the river, he should go to Toronto by the Rideau Canal to change his route, and get an idea how, by joining lake to lake, long stretches of water comniunicatioii may be made available for the transit of goods. The lakes in the au- tumn arc pretty enough with their colored fringe of trees, and after a day spent iimonj, typictal scenery, the tourist can find good accommodation at Kingston, a charming little town, the training-place of the young officers of the Canadian militia. Here again the Grand Trunk Kailway is met, or the steamer may be taken to Toronto. The same place may be reached from Ott;iwa by rail via Brockville. If further time can be given, a run up the Canadian Pacific Hallway from Ottawa to Lake Nipissing will well repay the trouble of the journey, for the scenery of the Upper Ottawa is very fine. Of Toronto so much has been said that one feels tempted to leave local description to lf)cal books. Its situation is ideasant enough, close to the blue waters of Ontario, and having at its back and along the shores a line country, full of apple and peach orchards, while the cli- mate is far milder in winter than that of Ottawa, and in summer has a tempered heat from the great body of fresh water so near at hand. Dr. Scadding in " Toronto of Old " has well portrayed its early history when " muddy little York " was the home of the United Empire Loyalists driven frimi the United States. The railway, unfortunately, runs along the lake, preventing any pleasant "Strand" street, and spoiling, as it does at Genoa, the access to the shore. Here, as at Kingston, the French were first in the land, and the place is mentioned in old reports of skirmishes with Indians and Engli.sh. Yet there arc men ikjw alive who are old enough to remember hearing when the first buggy was driven through the streets, which ai'e now broad, well-paved, and lined with houses, giving t^vidence of all the prosperity of a jHishing and thriving commerce. To- ronto had its troubles and excitements during the American AYar, and not far off, across the water, the battle of (^neenstowii Heights gave the British fJenernl Brock a grave, and the Reg- ular and Provincial troops a well-earnod victory over an enemy strongly posted. A less agreeable reminiscence is the indecisive fight lietween a greatly superior body of Fenians and a Toronto battalion in 1800 near the Welland Canal, when both sides, after firing much, retreated— the Fenian.s to Fort Erie, the Toronto men towards the Canal. The object of the r'anadian attack was attained, for the cutting of the Canal, which was the object of the invaders, was frustrated. .Several gallant youths belonging to the University were killed. THE DOMINION' OF CANADA. i'):] and a inomiinciit in tlio pleasant anil shady park attests the icsi)ect of the citizens for thuso who wore foremost in fiivin^' evidence at tliat time of the patriotic spirit which animated all ( anailians. Os<;oodo Hall, where arc the Law Courts, is a fine biiildinj;- worthy of the learned Bar which meets there, and of the ability of the judges wjio preside over tho Provincial Courts. It was named after the first Chief .lustice of Upper Canada, and is memorahlo to mo fur an imposin<^ ceremony in which Mr. Hlake, the leader of the present Opposition in the Federal I'arliiUiH nt, and one of the ablest lawyers in tho Dominion, welcomcil inan impressive s})oecli the American Secretary of State, Mr. Evarts. That remark.ablo statesman and orator delivered to the assembled company in the Library a most olociucnt reply, dwelling on tho jKirt taken by the exponents of law in tho .ilTairs of nations, and emphasizinj^ his hearty de- sire — a desire for which Mr. Evarts, throuf-h his hi^;'li ollicial position, was able often effect- ively to labor — for the continued harmony and good understanding between tho United States and tho British Empire. This reception was one of tho historic events which will live in the memory of the men of Toronto, where politics are as eagerly i)ursucd as are the material ^^ins of trade, and where neither the one nor the other is able to elTace a love tor letters, learning, the arts, and tho sciences. When tho University is visited tho Observatory of tho Federal Government for Meteorology .should not Ix; neglected, for from such headcjufirters come the "storm warn- ings" which so wholesomely alTright our sailors, keeping them to safe ports, and giving them warning of tempest. Dr. Carpmel is at tho head of this establishment, and it is the only one which is very well provided with instruments and house si)ace, being better even than that at Wa.shington in this respect. Dr. Daniel Wilson, tho author of many learned and excel- lently-written works, such as '' Old Edinburgh "' and "■ Primseval Man," and Dr. Ilutton, with many able men. are Professors of Tort)nto University, a scat of learning daily growing in pop- ular favor, and destined to be the Metropolitan University of Ontario. The buildings are good, but will need eidargcment, if we may judge from the ever-increasing number of stu- dents. There arc colleges afliliated to the University, and King's College, Trinity, and others, attest the powers the denominations possess in attracting to special establishments the sons of those who fear to embark their otTspring on the luishepherded fields of LTniversity life favored by the .Scots and Continental systems. There is a little room at the end of the gallery of the Museum w hii h. by the favor of Professor Wilson, may be entered. In this is a remarkable collection of the crania of the aborigines. The men who built the wonderful irounds, shaped in spherical heaps, or in circles or squares, often having mutual geometric; inoportions; or in long waving lines, suggesting the outlines of beasts or of serpents; have here their heads exhibited to the phrenological connoisseur. The nomad Ped Indian of the plains, the buffalo hunter of the present day, may bo seen grinning from the same shelf with the Pueblo or sun-burnt brick builder of the New Mexican steppes. There, too, are the skulls of those who in other times erected the stone dwellings in the ledges overhung by the stui)cndous cliffs of the sierras; and, more curious than all, tho deformed brain coverings of the nunlern and ancient tribes who practised, and still practise, the flattening of the skull in infancy. This is a custoin w hich is known to have had its Asian forerunner, and on the Pacific shore is yet the mark of dignity inflicted on the child in its cra- dle. A board is placed across tho forehead luitil the crown of the head becomes like a Lon- don grocer's sugar li>;if. If America and Canada <'an ofTer no ruins to the curiosity of tho traveller, these countries have in tho remains of tlic ancient races an arclucology mysterious and wonderful. One comforting reflection may be y;illiercd from the silent growth and decay of so many tribes, leaving but little mark, and having found on the northern continent but little temptation to 54 THE DOMINION OF CANADA. an iiltidiiiK li'>""'' Tho thought is tliis : Tliat our own forofiitlicrs in Hritiiin loft evoii less, before tho days of tlie civilization imported hy the Ifonians; and altli(nij;li tiie North Aniiii- can tribes were not allowed by tho waves of warfare to leave nnieh exeept their bones, those bones prove that all the races which roamed over the vast country were men of weipht and muscle. Where the abori^iines wore men of stature and power, we may be certain that our OAvn rare will not dejieiu'rat^; under the cliniatii' conditions which created so mucli sinew of old. Two centuries of occupation ol' the land has iudccMl already proved this. Look in the Museum also, at the heads of the deer. These are of all sizes, from the roe- buck-like head of the Virst identical with the elk of Northern Europe, and is far inferior in size to the but recently extinct Irish elk. But in the wapiti we have a red deer now living which is the equal in spread and beauty of antler to any of his fossil congeners. This animal is still niunerous in the untrodden paths of the northern and western forests. One of the grandest sights man can see in the animal world is a big herd of wapiti. The grace of their form and movement is tunivalled. and it is wortli while to take pains to get a view of one of thcsio herds, which in the nature of things must soon perish, for the hunter and sportsman have already driven them from all the area of set- tlement. Still in the great wood-covered ranges near the Pacific and to the north of the J>as- katchewan they may bo met with. Among the stutTed beasts you may study the long fur-dad sheep — buffalo f)f the Polar regions — tho "musk ox," and the wild sheep, with his brown hairy fell, and the Rocky Mountain goat, a creature clad in pure white wool and hair. After a day spent in seeing the churches, f.actories (and among these the furniture factories, say, for instance, that of Mr. Hay, M.P., slioidd certainly be seen), and public institutions, it is a refreshing change to go down to the lake shore, and watch from land or water tlie evolutions of the wcll-C(iuipped yachts and pleasure sailing-boats which crowd the bay. There is a very pleasant house belonging to the Yacht Club on the " i.sland," whence the in- teresting engineering works for the preservation of the spit of sand which forms Toronto Ilarlxn- may be studied. The lake is so Avide. that it is only on very fnie days that the o])- posite coast may be seen, and a tremendous sea can " get up" in a very few hours. With the exception of Hamilton and Toronto, there are no very good harbors, so that in tho spring and autumn disasters are not unknown. Leaving Toronto we pass by rail to Hamilton, a very thriving town of at least 40,000 inhab- itants, and arrive at Niagara, where d(>sciiption is useless. Let any one try to write his thoughts as he looks at that waterfall from the Prospect or Clifton Hotels, and ,sce what a mess he makes of it, and how ashamed he will be of his work a few months afterwards No one should go and stay for less than two days; for the grandeur of the Falls "giows upon you " as you live beside them, and explore, in mist and spray, the caverns luider that d(^- scending delu<-e. What is not often seen is the very pretty drive to the old Canadian town of Niagara. The road .skirts the river, and is shaded by fnie trees, and a return may be made by rail. The distance is, however, only about ten miles. Westward lies Lake Erie, with its fertile and niapl(>-groved shore ; hut the tourist's route takes him northward to Collingwood or Cravenhurst. through pleasant coiuitry with scattered farms and villages; and the steamer awaits him on Lake Huron. Loyalty gave the name of " Oeorgian Bay " to that portion of Lake Huron lying along the north-eastern shore, ami sown with thousands of islets, whose rocks, carved smooth by ice. support in every instance a growth of brightly foliaged trees. The terrors of oi)en water are Boon passed, for the vessel enters the archipelago, and glides rapidly along the smooth chan- TllK DOMIXIOX OF TAX A I) A. 65 iM'ls i)t't\vi((u llic countless islands. Xo more ik-lij^iitliil voyage tan lit' undeitakon, and tlie arrival at Sault .Ste. .Marie will be a cause of rej^n-t to many. Here is the throat canal through a mile «*' American soil, and the ship is carried into the wide sea of Lake Superior. This is a vast inland water, very deep and very cold, the homo of several kinds of t^rout which attain a great size. There arc a few big islands on its surface, all these rising to considerable heights, and gjnorally of value on account of the deposits of copper. Along the Canadian shore the racille liailway is now being constructed. The line leaves Ottawa, and skirts for a long distance the river of that name, and then cjuits it to cross the height of laud near Xipissing. and i)as8ing to the north of that lake, desccnils niion tlu' shores of Lake Supericu-, which it follows, until it has to deviate northwards through the wildernesses of Keewaytin. A mountain region it all is, brokt n by valleys which, like that of X'^ipigon, di.splay great beauty. The trap formation of the hills which surround Thunder Bay gives some singular forms of boldness and pieturesqueness. A visit must here be made to the marvellous '"Silver Island," a little rock platform from which some of the ri<'hest silver ore ever found has been brought to light. The whole lu'igh- borhood is rich in minerals and semi-precious stones. Amethyst Kivcr is well known as the distinct from whiih the blocks crowded with amethyst crystals have for years been, so that there is hardly a museum or priv.ate collection which docs not possess specimens. Gold has ben found only in small quantities in the rock veins, but the great area called Keewaytin. covered as it is with rough pine, lir, auil some hardwood, seamed with lakes, and except along their borders most inaccessible, has been insufiiciently explored. The silver which is so rich near Superior is not uidikely to be found again further inland. We must i)ass at once to Wimiipeg, lying near the border of this rough coiuitry. but situa- ted itself on the rich alluvial valley of the lied Itiver, where it receives the muddy waters of the Assiniboia. Ol the wonderful growth of this city everybody has heard. We need only recapitulate the facts that in 18(50 it contained nothing but a Hudson's Bay fort. In 1870 it had become the head-tpiarters of a French Canadian and half-breed colony living on bad terms with the Scots settlers dwelling further down the river. These had been brought into the country vhi the Hudson Bay, and did not at all relish the ambition of the French to found a small independent Hepublic. In 1880 the attenticm which the Bed River Settlement had ex- cited owing to the disturbances which had been i)ut down early in the decade by Loid Wolse- ley, was seen to have so brought the place into notict^ that a town of about (!(mr) jieoitle had been created. The lands around it, and indeed for UOO miles to the north-west, were known to be rich, and emigrants began to pour in. Since that date they have gone through Winni- [leg to the West at the rate of ;!0,000 to 40,000 each year, and the city has weathered the scar- latina — that is, it has found itself only teinporarily the worse of that illness of the infancy t.f most ])rosperous American and Canadian towns known as " the Boom." This is the lirst great etTort of a speculative nature, and the patient, who is imagined to be particularly well, is then overcome by a high fevei-, and has a laborious, difflcult. and disagreeable convalescence, after which all trouble is over. In other words, prices of all property rise to an altogether artitlcial height, aii life, but the diiuger to crops is of ccurso great, and very heavy penalties are inllictcd on all who wilfully or carelessly give such a conliagration a start. Fires, early frosts, and grass- hoppers have eaeli done harm during certain years. The last is a pest from which Manitoba has foi- some years been entirely free, and experienec in the United States demonstrates that as the country becomes nn)re settled so does the chance of such a visitation diminish. The evils of early frosts nnist be guarded against by early or autumn sowing. If the seed be sown early in October the winter cold setting in soon aftci wards will i)revent it from germinating mu il the spring, and the harvest will be in the first days of August. The excellence of the soil of the country between St. Paul and Winnii)eg Is apparent enough in the niagnltieent crops of all kinds, and especially of wheat, but the black friable loam is an unpleasant com- pound wlien stripped of the covering sod, and when idouglied or stiri'cd up by rain and the wheels of carriages. Its stickiness is most extraordinary, and it adheres to the tires until the elegant and spider-web-like circles of the buggy wheels look as though they belonged to clumsy carts. .Sometimes in the spring the rains and melting snows, with tlie pack of ice on the rock ledges of the river near Lake Wiimipeg, have caused floods which it is believed may be mitigated, if not entirely prevented, by the use of dynamite on the river bed. The general aspect of the plains is very monotonous. The whole land is tlat or slightly undulating ; the shores of Winnii)eg have some variety on the eastern side, for there the banks are more elevated, but on the west, and around liake Manitolia, the iirs and ooplars alone relieve the monotony. These lakes are very shallow. Into Winnii)eg the .Saskatch- ewan pours itself, and out of Winnipeg flows the Nelson, discharging into Hudson's Hay. Luekily for Canada, the rivers, in flowing from west to east, run in a direction useful for nav- igation, unlike those of the other largest nrairie country, namely, Hussian Asia, where the streams have an unfortunate habit of running only into the Arctic. The lower course of the Saskatchewan, after the junction of its two branches, is very r(,(„i lH'iuliiuiutcr.s fur tlio Moiinkd I'dlico, who«o .x'attcri'tl (k'lacliniuiitM ain \v;ijit(il cMiywlicro for tho " rfj^ulatiun " liotli of wliito luul v«'c;{'ma ami < iil>;ary, tlic liavolh is will liavi- a j;(>o"d hy the pleasure of a si^ht of the view of the Kocky MountaiuM from the country aionnd C'aljiary. This, with ilie view from (^uehec, will live forovei' in the memoiy, as what is most lieaiitiful on I lie journey. I shall not at- tempt to dcscrihe it. liut let III" one ^(1 hack from C'alj^ary without enterinf;' the }j;reat vitn'jjesof lli^ moinitains. .\ day spent within sij^ht of them will repay all the dis- comforts of the vctyago and *)f the lonj]f journey. IJesides tlu- trip to the momitains. members of the Association were tempted by proposals to }jo south to SCO some of the American cities. Philadelphia cspe- cinlly has, wo believe, a meeting of "scion tists; "" and Boston is not, after all, "a far cry" from ^[ontreal. The Techni(!al Collej^es of the United States are an iniprovemeiit on the German idea for siuli instruction, and the institution at Boston is ma^- uitieent. The journey from St. .John in the Province of (Quebec throii;;h the New Knglaud .•states, takes one throuj^h prtitty scenery, and in hot weiitlier the advantiijic'of the seaside cannot be if'diisaid. If it be desired to know scnncthinj;' of our maiitime Provinces, tho "Intercolonial" liiiie alonf>' the St. Lawrence; then across tho hills to the Bay of Chaleurs ; and southward by the sea-coast towns of Chatham and Newcastle, to Truro, Amherst, and linnlly to Halifax, exhibits beautiful country. Tho geoloj^ical interest of the Xova Scotian and Xew Brunswick littoral alon^ the Bay of Fundy is {;reat and varied, (iood imis are to bo found all over these lon<;-settled Provinces, and in a day you may visit from Halifax tho chiirming '" Valley of (irand Pre," the scene of the opening action in Longfellow's "Evan- geline." Dominion of Canada — Rafting Lnmbci: ii DOMINION OF (A NAD A. 0» GRAM) TPUNK RAIL>VAY-HlsrOIll( AL IlKVIKW, MANAiiKMKNT, KTC. Among the officials who have been piominciiily coiuiecteil wilh the (jrand Trunk Kailw.iy since i36i is Mr. Joseph Ilici^son, the General MinuKer. This ijenileman was born in Ottcrburn, Nor- thumi)erlund, KnKJand, in 1S30, ami enter the service of the present N'i)rtheastern Railway Co. when a boy, and by his industry and care worked his way ui) to the principal affcncy at Carlisit, and eventually became assistant to the General Man.ager of the M., S. i^i: L. Ry. In i86i he came to 5 Carnda, havinjj been appointed Cliief Accountant of the (irand Trunk Railway, afterward became Secretary and Treasurer, and eventually in consequence of his ^reat execuiive ability obtained the position of General Manager in 1874. When Mr. Hickson assumed the management '.he total amount of the mile.-ige operated was 13S3 miles, which has jjrown during the last decade lo2()5o.(j miles. The following are the principal statistical ami financial details of the Grand Trunk Railway: Lines of Road— Portland, Me., to Detroit, Mich., 861 miles; Niagara Falls. Ont., to Windsor, Ont., 229.50; Fort Erie, Ont., to Glencoe, Ont., 145; total length of all lines December 31st, 1884, 2950.9- miles. On August I2th, i832, the Grand Trunk Railway Co. and the Great Western Railway Co. were consolidated under the name of the former. The Grand Trunk Railway Co. was originally chartered in 1851. Opened from Portland to Montreal in 1853; from Richmond to ijuebec in 1854. The division from Montreal to Toronto was completed in 1856, and that from Toronto to Sarnia in 1858. The line from Montreal south to the Province Line was brought into use in 1853. The Eastern E.xtension was opened from Chaudiere Junction to St. Thomas in 1S55; to .St. Paschal in 1859; and to the Riviere du Loup in 1860. In 1S79 the extension to the Rivi6re du Loup ( 124.25 miles) was sold to tiie Colonial (iovcrnment, and the transfer made -August 12th, 1879. In the same year the Grand Trunk Railway Co. acquired by purchase and con-^u i' 'ion a line between Port Huron, Mich., and Chicago, III., about 330 miles in length. This line ci )iirlh:)Mtreal ainl Korel Branch— St. Lambert to Sorel. St. JIarline Branch— St. Isidore, Que, to Fort Cov- intrtoii. N. Y HulTalo Braiich-Slr.atford, Ont.. to Buflfalo, N. Y... (ialt Hmiich-Berhn, Ont., toGalt, Ont iJoileiich Branch— Stralfcird, Ont., to tjorterich, Ont. (ieoi'Kian Bay and State Lino Division— Port Dover, Ont., to VViarton. Ont Durham Branch— Pulmer.ston, Ont., to Durlinm, Out St. Mary's Branch — London, Ont., to St. Marv's, Out Jlicliisjan Air-T/ine Division— Ridfjeway, Mich., to JacUsf i\\. Mich. . . Midland Division -Toronto to Jlidland 1 ilacUwater to Port I lope Helhany to Franklin I.alioficid to Peti'i-borouRh Whitby to JIanlllu .luuction Lindsay to Haliburtou 8C10 1.5 CO flO.O 35.0 50.0 41.2 40.0 50.7 ll.'i.O 1.S.5 4D.5 107.5 20.0 22.0 100.5 198.0 75.0 4.0 <.).0 ;b.o 50.0 Total Grand Trunk Division 2,14t'.l LINES OF (iREAT WESTEltN DIVISION, milks. Main Line— Nia.trara Falls, Ont.. to Windsor. Ont. . . 'i-.'H.S l.,oop Line- Fort Erie. Out., to Olencoe. Ont H"' Toronto Branch— Hamilton, Out., to Toronto. Ont.. 39.0 Wellington, (Jray and Bruce Division— Harrisburj.'. Ont., to Southampton, Out liit.O Wellington, dray and Bruce South ExtenGion- Pulmerston, Ont,, to Ivim.'ardine, ( ttit CT.O London. Huron and Bruce Division— Hyde Park Junction, Ont., to Windham Jmu'tion, Out r>8.8 Sarnia Divi.sioM — Komoka, Ont.. to Sarnia, Ont ,"<1.» Petrolia Branch— Wyoming. Out., to I'etrolia, Ont. ,5 London uiul Port Stanley Division— Port Stanley, Out., to London, Out '»P.9 Branlford, Norl'olk, and Port Burwell Railway— Tilsonburtf Junction, Out., to Harrisburg, Out. 4',' 7 Total reat Western Division 80) . :J RECAPITULATKjN. Mn.w. Total Grand Trunk Division S, 149.4 Total ( ireat Western Division Wl .' Oraud ■ tal iJ,lCL'.a II «2 DOJIIMOX (M' CA>'.\DA, LOWEST AND muUEST PRIUES OF t'OMMODJTIE3 FOR FIFTY-EIGHT YB'.ARS— 1825-1882. .^Oompilert from the Reports of the Secretiiry of the Treiisuiy lor ISffi? imd 187;i, tl'C Conimerrinl and Financial CbrTjnl* cle, Reports of the N. Y. Chamber of Commeruc, and the N. Y. Shipping I.iht and I'rice CuiTent.) The following talile, carefully compiled from the sources indicated, talces the prices of the twelve months In eacti 7ear, selecting llie higliest and lowest quolation fur eacli article. It is to bo understood, where no uiontion of quality is made, that the price qiiote 3 9 184.5... 5 50 9 75 9 17 6 8 4 50 6 OOj 6 8 45 85 4 9 4 31 7 00^ 5 10 1846... G 25 8 .50 10 17 6 8 5 00 7 OOj 6 8 55 80 6 9 4 00 G 00 5 11 1847... 8 25 13 75 13 22 6 8 5 00 7 00, (! 8 64 1 10 7 12 5 50 8 25 6 13 1848... 7 75 13 00 13 2(J o 8 4 50 6 00 5 8 52 78 5 8 5 25 6 62 5 11 1849... 8 75 U 00 10 18 5 7 5 CO 6 00 5 10 57 70 6 11 4 93 G 12 6 11 1850... 8 00 9 75 12 18 4 8 5 00 7 00 7 14 55 72 11 14 4 93 6 25 6 11 1851... 7 50 9 75 10 1& 4 8 4 25 7 00 7 11 53 68 8 14 4 00 5 12 7 11 18.52... 8 25 17 00 15 2!) 6 9 5 00 7 no 7 10 62 78 8 10 4 25 G 00 8 10 18.53... 7 00 11 25 13 24 8 10 5 00 7 00 8 12 64 82 10 11 4 87 7 50 8 10 18.54... 8 W) 13 00il5 24 6 12 (J (X) 7 ,50 8 12 76 98 8 10 7 25 10 75 7 11 1855... 8 25 14 00,17 2b 6 12 5 50 7 50 8 12 93 1 15 7 11 7 50 10 18 8 11 1856... 8 tK) ^2 (X)!l3 28 () 11 5 50 6 50 9 12 48 94 9 12 5 20 8 31 9 11 1857... 9 50 15 0(1,16 28 6 14 6 Oi) 7 00 10 12 71 98 13 15 4 25 6 70 6 10 1858... 9 00 12 00 13 25 3 10 5 00 6 00 9 12 68 1 03 9 Vi 3 75 5 25 9 13 18,59... 6 00 9 75 14 27i 2 11 5 25 5 50 10 13 76 1 06 11 12 4 00 6 50 9 12 1860... 4 50 5 50 10 21 9 12 6 50 (J 00 11 15 64 95 10 11 4 25 5 50 10 13 18(51... 5 00 6 25 8 22 2 10 4 20 6 00 11 17 48 74 11 2 3 90 6 65 7 11 1862... 5 00 10 75 10 26 4 13 4 25 8 5(J 10 33 50 75 20 6o 4 20 5 a5 5 9 1863... 5 00 9 00 14 30 8 16 7 00 11 00 26 33 68 1 23 54 88 5 10 8 00 5 8 1864... 5 00 16 00 21 4812 27 9 00 15 00 33 62 1 25 1 97 72 1 90 7 15 11 75 U 17 1865... 9 00 14 (X)20 21 5025 3810 16 8 50 13 50,21 22 70 97 33 1 22 5 00 8 80 U 23 1866... 11 00 60 5 23 8 50 13 0018 21 80 1 32 32 52 5 25 11 70 11 22 1867... 12 00 28 00 15 48 7 .20 6 50 8 5017 19 I 00 1 40 15 3(5 6 25 11 30 10 16 1868... 11 00 24 75 28 60 7 19 6 50 11 5016 17 1 01 1 41 16 33 5 50 9 7511 18 1869... 5 (JO Ki ,5016 5511 23 6 50 10 5011 13 75 1 16 25 35 4 95 6 40 17 24 1870... 5 (X) 16 00J18 46 o 18 4 50 8 5011 13 76 1 15 15 26 4 50 6 05 9 14 1871... 8 00 18 0012 42 5 16 5 ) 13 0012 17 65 90 15 25 4 60 7 00 6 13 1872... 4 00 12 00,2(J 39 10 19 3 75 6 25 16 19 61 80 18 25 5 25 6 80 6 9 1873... 8 00 12 00 18 50 8 16 5 00 6 5019 23 50 77 13 21 4 62 7 25 6 10 1874... 8 25 11 5018 3912 17 4 55 5 5,516 28 53 84 15 19 4 25 7 00 8 11 1876... 8 00 10 00,17 28 9 16 4 40 5 ,5517 21 49 76 13 17 4 00 6 60 9 11 1876... 8 50 11 oo;i5 33 8 13 3 75 5 55,16 20 38 49 11 13 4 00 6 00 7 13 1877... 9 60 11 2.513 24 8 16 3 25 3 7515 21 41 58 11 13 4 75 8 0010 14 1878. . 9 00 13 ,50 6 20 3 14 2 75 4 .50 14 19 4.5 60 9 12 3 7.5 5 .50[ 7 12 1879... 9 no 11 00 n 24 5 13 a 15 3 25 13 17j 44 64 91 13i 3 60 40| 7 12 1880... 9 00 11 7.5 10 25 6 13 2 ?5 3 75 14 18 44 63 H 14 3 80 6 85; 8 13 1881... 9 50 13 00 12 30, 6 14 4 00 4 65 104 Ul 43 76 n 13 4 10 6 65 9i m 1883... 11 50 16 00 16 38 13 4 40 4 75 7illi 63 109 111 13; 4 65 8 75 n i6i Hams, lb. " irir.' cts. 7 n 8 11 10 12 8 11 S 10 9 11 9 11 9 11 8 10 8 10 8 12 9 17 9 15 10 15 10 14 4 10 4 9 4 9 3 9 3 9 5 10 5 11 (3 13 5 11 (5 11 11 7 11 8 10 8 10 7 11 8 11 9 11 6 10 9 13 9 12 10 13 7 11 5 9 5 8 11 17 11 23 'u 22 10 16 11 18 17 24 9 14 6 13 6 9 6 10 8 11 9 11 7 13 10 14 )j 7 12 )! 7 12 > 8 13 )9i IH 511 164 DOMINION OF CANADA. 63 LOWEOT AND HIGHEST PRICKS OK COMMODITIES FOR FIFTY-KIGHT YEARS -1825-1882. (>mi(>il?orcf, ami the N. Y. .'^hipping List auil I'lice Current.) Note. — Id the American Almanac anil Trea.siiry of Facts for 187S, pp. 278-9, appeared a table of prices compiled on ihe basis of tho averugo price of pueh articli' in New York, the 1st of .laiiuary of each year. Such a table, however i)S'.>ful, fails t') Rive t!ie data which aro imiiortant in forminR a judgnieiit of the wliolp range of prices for each year. The following; tabte, carefully compiled from the sources iiulieated, takes the (iricesof tlie twelve months in each vear, ("'leiliiig llie highest and lowest (|Uotalion for each article. It is to bo understood, where no mention of quality is wade, that tl.e price quoted is for the cheapest grade of each commodity. Years. Pork, Sless. Rico. 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 18S0 1831 1832 1&S3 1834 183.5 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 184G 1847 1848 1849 18.30 1851 1852... „ 1853 18o4...„^ 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 I860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878.... 1879.... 1880. . . . 1881.... 1882. . . . Bbl. L. jr. 12 00 10 00 11 25 12 00 11 00 11 00 12 00 12 50 12 50 12 75 13 50 18 00 10 00 16 .50 14 50 13 00 8 75 6 75 7 50 8 50 9 25 9 62 10 25 1 9 OC I 9 87 llO 00 112 06 |14 (i-^ |13 00 12 12 12 50 16 25 16 50 15 35 14 60 100 lb.s. JI. 11 00 11 50 19 50 19 00 21 18 18 90 21 10 26 50 20 00 12 85 12 80 13 00 13 85 18 00 15 70 11 75 8 25 7 80 8 20 12 75 16 2.T $ 14 7b 12 Of) 15 25 15 00 13 7 15 50 2 15 25 2 14 2: 17 00 15 00 2 18 50 30 00 24 50 25 50 23 50 16 00 13 50 10 25 11 50 10 25 14 12 13 37 16 00 13 00 14 25 11 87 15 50 19 7.51 2 19 75; 3 16 OOl 4 23 OOl 2 21 00 25 70 19 00 18 12 19 75 18 00 14 50 18 25 43 25 31 50 33 55 24 10 29 50 33 3 30 00 23 00 16 00 19 00 24 25 22 75 22 37 17 37 13 00 12 75 14 00 20 00 24 00 1 00 00 50 50 50 00 50 75 75 25 75 00 12 25 00 75 87 00 87 25 62 87 25 75 10 75 37 12 50 62 25 75 00 00 00 62 75 00 75 50 50 25 25 50 75 50 00 75 50 00 00 .00 50 75 00 00 87 00 00 •Salt, Liverpool. 4 3 4 4 3 75 3 50 4 00 4 25 3 75 3 02 4 50 25 00 37 00 00 12 31 3 00 3 62 4 5 5 5 4 4 3 13 7; 13 00 6 7 25 7 75 8 50 15 .50 14 00 15 12 50 11 25 10 00 9 50 9 75 9 50 9 50 10 00 8 50 7 50 7 00 8 00 7 25' 8 00 7 50 8 50 Suck. /,. Jf. 2 37 2 12 2 15 2 25 2 12 1 75 1 75 1 75 1 60 1 40 1 47 1 60 1 20 1 62 1 44 1 40 1 40 1 37 1 35 1 25 1 32 25 20 25 20 1 15 1 02 1 05 1 12 1 47 90 80 70 62 75 68 50 85 1 20 1 75 1 55 2 50 2 (iO 2 50 2 50 2 40 2 80 2 80 3 00 1 10 1 15 1 15 10 10 40 1 1 1 1 35 95 1 00 3 00 2 60 2 35 3 2! 3 00 2 20 2 25 2 50 2 00 1 80 2 25 2 12 2 62 2 37| 2 12' 1 75' 1 98 2 251 1 62 1 52' 1 47 1 50 1 5.- 1 55 .'^nqar, Raw. TbTJ A. Jl cts*. 6 11 6 10 6 10 6 10 5 9 6 9 4 5 5 5 6 7 5 () 6 4 4 3 3 5 3 5 5 10 15' 9 8 9 11 8 8 8 8 7 7 Tobac- co, Ky. _I,eaf\_ lb. ■;■ Wheat. Rush. /.. Jf. L. 1 40 4 0, 1 75 4 7; 1 60 4 (^\ 1 55 3 5: 1 62 4 6 1 70 3 6 122 4 8 1 05 6 10 84 9 11 80 5 8 1 07 5 8 1 15 6 8 95 4 9 1 52 1 11 1 70 7 14 3 .50 11 25 2 50 11 17 4 10 10 15 2 75 9 10 2 60 9 12 3 00 9 13 3 25 9 10 3 25 7 10 3 25 7 «i 3 .50 7 9! 3 00 7 «i 2 35 7 » 2 50 7 10 2 50 7 10 2 50 Ci 8 I 2 50 6 » 2 75 6^ 9 ! 2 25 i\ 8i 2 20 7i CtS. 1 3 9 3 8 3 6 3 6 7: 7 6 8' 6 111 6 101 9 13' 16' 8 2 i 7 8 8 9 14 14 9 10 5 11 6 lo 6 16 7 20 6 18 4 14 161 6 30, 8 36 8 55 7 4." 8 18 9 16 8 15 8 13 7 12 6 11 9 16 9 16 7 25 9 28 7 19 7 16 H 7 4i 7J 4i 7 5^ 12 5i 9 3 16 14 i 6 75 84 90 95 1 00 1 00 1 06 1 12 1 15 1 02 1 04 1 37 1 55 1 35 1 15 95 90 83 84 82 85 80 1 05 95 1 20 1 09 93 1 03 i? 22 75 90 30 25 20 30 35 20 30 72 25 20 2 ;iO 2 05 45 40 45 65 55 93 92 84 1 06 83 1 10 1 12 1 14 1 03 Whiskey. (ial. L. H. 15 35 35 28 10 50 12 10 00 37 25 50 30 20 12 40 35 95 40 35 5(1 2'' 15 80 50 80 17 95 50 65 70 60 55 00 75 88 45 40 25 18 90 00 10 25 35 37 271 851 3i;i 56 I 004 561 1 4311 cts 25 26 25 20 20 21 27 26 29 20 30 31 20 30 28 21 19 16 18 21 20 18 24 21 20 23 20 20 o.> 26 30 25 21 21 23 19 15 19 44 60 ; 92 : 00 1 10 : 91 90 82 85 82 86 92 93 04 04 03 05 06 134 11 Wool. lb. /,. 11. 31 36 35 26 26 32 37 35 36 29 38 44 48 43 46 30 25 21 24 29 28 25 34 27 28 27 27 25j 32 41 43 36 37 36 29 27 21 39 78 2 03 2 25 2 33 2 32 2 30 14 05 95 91 05 03 19 10 09 M4| 1 17i 1 17' 1 20, 1 18| cts, 30 28 20 20 18 16 20 20 27 25 25 35 28 28 37 20 20 18 17 25 24 18 22 20 25 30 30 26 38 25 24 30 30 27 34 34 22 40 62 75 70 25 25 34 32 34 32 45 35 38 38 25 32 20 27 26 21 87 38 38 30 30 27 30 35 35 35 35 40 50 50 40 40 35 30 22 24 37 30 28 m 30 32 35 41 42 44 40 34 38 44 32 45 40 45 65 80 1 10 ^." ( t 27 87 37 35 45 03 67 67 . 48 48 43 4.S 33 50 60 47 48 64 DOMINION OF CANADA, L0WE5T AND HIGHEST PRICES OF COMMODITIES FOR FIFTY-EIGHT YEARS-I825-I882. Tliese tables of prices have been compiled upon the basis of selecting the Irading articles entering; into general consumption, whether us semi-luxuries or the necessaries of lite. The prices quoted being tliose of the Now York market, still wider variations would in f,ome cases have been exhibited if other markets, near the centers of production of some leading staples, had been col- hitcd with ihe.'.e. The tables exhibit the violent fluctuations (jf the civil-war period in the United States — 1861-(i5 — and the years of expansion immediately succeeding, in contrast with the general decline of the past few years, which has not yet reached, however, save iu a few articles, the mini- mum prices which prevailed before the war. Year. 1825.. 1826.. 1827.. 1828.. 1829.. 1830. . 1831.. 1832.. 1833.. 1834.. 1835.. 1830. . 1837.. 1838.. 1S39.. 184(1.. 1811.. 1842.. 1843.. 1844.. 1845.. 1840.. 1847.. 1848. . 1849.. 1850.. 1851.. 1852.. 1853.. 1854.. 1855. . 1856.. 1857.. 1858.. 1859.. 1800.. 1861.. 1862.. 1863.. 1804.. 1865.. I860.. 1867.. 1868.. 1809.. 1870.. 1871.. 1872.. 1873.. 1874.. 1S75,. 1876.. 1877.. 1878.. 1879.. 1880.. 1881.. 1881. Iron, Bar. 10 8 5 4 10 8 12 17 10 11 12 5 4 15 18 12 10 6 7 12 11 8 ;i 6 8 24 17 18 "ft 4 .3 4 8 6 12 115 I20 lie l25 40 5 8 3 25 18 10 11 1.' 17 37 88 20 19 17 9 1 18 o: 40 10 12 15 .33 35 1,- ■i 17 19 0'! 47 40 40 27 13 32 10 18 23 30 52 05 70 70 55 28 27 8 65 Ton. /,. Jf. 85 00 85 00 77 00 77 50 72 50 72 50 70 00 70 00 71 00 07 00 07 50 75 00 85 00 85 00 82 50 70 00 00 00 50 01) 55 00 57 50 02 50 75 00 70 00 5!) 00 40 00 40 00 33 50 34 00 55 00 02 .50 55 00 50 00 52 00 44 00 42 50 41 00 38 00 5') 0) 65 00 105 00 100 00 94 00 80 00 80 00 85 00 70 00 $ 75 75 75 105 105 97 Iron, Scotcli Pig. Ton., 120 00 100 00 95 00 82 50 82 50 77 50 80 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 60 95 00 82 50 75 00 02 60 00 00 05 00 85 00 80 00 77 50 70 00 55 00 45 00 41 00 55 00 75 00 77 50 (i5 00 05 Oil 02 .50 55 00 50 00 44 00 50 00 70 00 76 00 220 00 130 06, 115 00, 100 00 95 00 95 00 90 00 jr. 35 00 .50 00 50 00 50 (0 40 00 40 00 40 00 40 00 37 50 37 50 38 00 3,S 00 40 00 37 50 37 50 32 .50 32 00 23 60 22 50 30 00 30 00 35 00 30 00 25 00 22 .511 21 00 19 00 19 00 28 50 ;i2 00 20 50 29 0!) 28 00 22 00 22 00 20 50 20 00 21 00 32 50 43 00 40 00 42 00 38 00 35 00 34 .50 31 00 "$' 75 00 7i) 110 55 00 55 00 55 00 50 00 47 50 47 50 47 50 48 on 42 .50 02 50 70 00 55 00 45 00 40 00 37 50 35 00; 32 00; 35 00 52 50 42 50! 42 50 37 50 27 50 24 00 Lard. LU 7^ JT. ' Cts. Leather. Lh. L. IT. 10 9 1(1 9 5 13 8 11 25 00 31 00 38 00 42 .-)(! 37 00 37 00 37 50 27 00 31 50 27 00 24 50 33 00 45 00 80 00 55 00 55 00 49 00 45 75 45 00 37 00 10 11 9 11 11 17 6 1; 7 15 8 15 7 12 g 5 fc 11 9 6 7 10 9 12 9 12 9 11 9 12 9 14 10 16 8 12 10 12 10 13 8 10 7 10 9 12 12 24 15 29 12 22 11 14 12 20 16 21 12 18 Cts. 21 25 18 24 17 24 18 24 18 23 18 22 19 24 17 25 16 20 14 19 14 14 15 10 17 17 19 85 00 120 00 33 50 01 75 00 110 00 37 00 52 55 00 SO 00 33 00 45 15 45 50 00 02 50 29 00 41 1.5 37! 40 00 54 00 27 50 34 10 32 44 80 48 72 25 00 00 7 10 00 7 9 00 8 10 00 13 10 00 12 14 00 8 12 20 23 24 2i! 22 2'^ Mackerel, No. 1, Bbf. //. ; Jj Molasses, N^0^_ r,?\._ H. 00 50 75 10 20 15 18 14 17 14 10 n 14 11 18 12 10 13 17 14 17 13 10 12 18 17 21 18 25 19 25 24 30 25 33 21 20 20 27 20 22 17 22 20 31 20 32 31 40 30 40 30 .39 28 33 25 30 28 32 27 31 70 00 95 00 ;m 00 39 00; 9 13 26 30 27 31 25 31 28 30 27 30 21 29 23 30 87 00 .50 75 25 00 00 8 00 8 00 10 ,50 12 00 11 00 12 00 8 00 7 02 9 75 11 50 8 37 8 12 7 00 S 12 8 50 8 50 S 37 11 .50 15 12 18 50 19 00 19 00 9 60 15 25 15 00 7 50 9 00 15 50 18 00 15 25 20 00 14 50 14 25 21 50 27 00 5 75; 6 75 12 C 50 00 37 6 75 50 7 00 6 62 8 25 10 62 10 75 12 18 14 01 14 .50 14 ' 12 25 11 00 12 25 14 00 13 50 11 75 11 00 13 .50 12 50 11 75 12 50 16 00 19 00 22 00 23 00 22 00 14 00 10 75 18 50 14 75 10 50 18 50 28 00 25 00 20 00 21 50 22 50 28 00 30 00 5 12, 45 7 55 13 30 17 1 13 Cts. 28 28 31 30 27 28 25 26 27 27 26 32 32 28 26 20 20 10 18 27 22 22 30 20 20 00 28 27 20 19 23 42 35 26 36 36 30 32 35 65 65 60 05 00 65 05 13 00 27 50: 50 10 00 25 00: 48 12 00 24 OOj ()1 8 60 22 00! 60 7 00 24 00; 54 11 50 23 00 50 8 50 15 00 40 42 50 45 OOl 2\ 50 20 .50: ft 9, 19 23! 9 00 20 OOj 36 45 00 78 50: 19 00 30 50; .5} 8i 18 29; 18 50 20 00 33 43 30 39 30 33 33 34 35 .30 31 36 48 45 4.' 30 30 28 24 31 31 37 34 38 28 32 33 33 35 33 29 40 75 80 52 51 55 55 65 62 25 50 25 20 05 05 20 75 86 97 85 80 08 69 OaU. Bush. L. K. Cts. 40 60 50 37 40 40 48 50 48 48 75 75 75 00 CO 43 60 53 34 37 51 48 05 51 49 51 80 80 62 75 82 50 66 53 58 47 47 67 90 86 1 02 45 90 65 85 67 94 Nominal. 62 84 62 69 42 70 42 57 42 68 26 42 31 24 27 26 27 38 30 28 33 40 40 25 30 24 37 25 27 27 29 28 39 32 33 37 65 75 41 45 42 35 40 40 30 37 30 37 53 38 30 53 64 28 35 22 40 45 00 73 25 19 50 30 00 8 28 28 13 35 20 50' 31 .53 75 05 00 22 00 30 00 9 13, 21 26:15 40 20 OOj 48 50 00 07 30 23 00 30 50 lOi 14' 21 25 10 00 23 00 1 53 no 29 . 4.5 50 31 50 49 30 50 00 42 53 75 87i 73 CITY OF MONTREAL Oats Bush , V* ir. Cts. 16 40 12 60 U 56 ii 37 n 46 m 40 27 48 J8 56 30 48 28 48 33 75 40 75 40 75 25 60 30 00 24 43 37 50 25 53 27 34 27 37 29 51 28 48 39 65 32 51 33 49 37 51 65 80 75 86 41 52 45 75 42 82 35 50 40 66 40 53 36 58 37 47 30 47 37 67 53 90 86 1 02 45 90 55 85 67 94 Nominal. ()2 84 52 09 42 70 42 57 42 58 38 53 30 64 28 35 22 46 29 45 31 50 30 50 42 52 'm 72 Neto City Hall, Montreal. THE METROPOLIS OF CANADA — AN IIISTOItlfAL, DESC'IUBTIVE AND STATISTICAI, REVIEW OP THE CITY AND ITS LEADING INDUSTIUES AND KEI'IiESENTATIVE MERCHANTS. The history of the City of Montreal dates back for no less a period than three hundred and lifty years, or to 1535. The authenticated records of Jacques Cartier's first voyage up tho St. Lawrence show that on the 2d of October in that year, after a te-ilous and dillicult pas- sa<;;c up the St. Lawrence Kiver, he landed lils .shaHop at a point about six niilos below St. Mary's Current, wlicre he was met in a friendly manner by the Indians. They resided in a fjroup of huts upon the present site of the city, their town being named " Ilodielaga." Being well received by the natives, who manifested their good-will by singing, gay dances, and tho offering of food, Cartier and several of his crew accepted the invitation to visit the town, an i were well rewarded. The settlement lay at the base of a high hill or nn)untain, covered with a virgin forest. Ascending the moimtain, Cartier was charmed with the magnificent view spread before liim, with the distant summits of what are now known as the White Mountains in the distance, and named the elevation " Jlount Royal " in honor of the King of France. Encircled by wooden p.ilisades, the little aboriginal town of " ITochelaga " was approached through culti- vated fields, whicli gave reassuring evidence to the "pale faces" of the industry and compar- ative civilization of the Indians, while the comfort of the huts, and the serviceability of their utensils, reflected much credit upon their architecturnl p.nd mechanical skill and ingenuity. Tlic Indians told Cartier of a vast country stretching away to the westward, with great lakes, drained by the river flowing at their feet ; that it was not only full of game, but hud mines of silver and copper, and tliat the tribes living there were powerful and warlike. Tlio season of good weather rapidly drawing to a close, Cartier was reluctantly obliged to return 05 60 CITY OF MONTREAL. to Quebec, but on again reaching Franco he recommended the Islo of Mount Koyal as a splendid location for a permanent settlement. The Algonquin tribe of Indians was resident at Montreal at that time, and is still renowned, long after its extinction, for having lieen one of the most warlike and most polished of the native races, and also for firm attachment to its French allies. The Algonquin armorial bearings of an evergreen oak were united with the royal standard of France on many a bloody l)attle- field, in resisting the encroachments of the Iroquois and the English. The Algoncpiins, how- ever, were literally wiped out; as -n 1730, two hundred years afterward, but twenty males sur- vived, and were Ihon settled with the Irocjuois of the Two Mountains. The Abenatjuis and Arundacks were also tribes that frequented the neighborhood of llochelaga. Several years afterward Jacques Cartier again paid a visit to '" Mount IJoyall " (as Govern- or Dongan wi-ote it) en route to explore the great and then unknown region to the westward- In lOOo the famous exi)lorer, Champlain, ascended the St. Lawrence to the site of Ilocholaga, but found that the little Indian town had been destroyed during one of the bitter internecine wars waged among the aboriginal tribes. Returning to the present site of CJuebec Champlain founded that city in 1008. He was a man of wonderful energy and force of character, and in .spite of almost superhuman obstacles he fostered the infant colony, and when he died in 100."), just one hundred years after Cartier's first visit to Ilochelaga, the prospects for the near future were of the most favorable character. Seven years later the Island of Montreal was ceded to an influcntiat company, at the head of which was the Due de Liancourt do la Eoche-Guyon, M. de ^Maisonneuve, a gentleman of great military and dii)lomatic experience. On the 17th day of May, of the year 1042, was the present t'ity of Montreal duly founded bj' 31. de Maisonncuve. An altar was erected, mass was celebrated, and the officiating priest, under the umbrageous shadow of Mount Koyal, thus addressed the pioneers of the present city: — "You are a grain of mustard seed which shall rise and grow until its branches over.shadow the land." In the evening, Maisonncuve and his companions pitched their tents, lighted their fires, stationed their guards and lay down to rest. Such was the birth-night of Montreal. The settlement at first had a very precarious hold, and in 1044 an Iroquois conspiracy ■would have put an end to the little colony but for the prudence and bravery of the Governor and people. In 1054 Father Simon Le Moine visited Montreal, and made his famous voyage to the country of the (3nondagoes. He established a niissiurs of the intervening time having been passed at anchor. She was seventy-five feet keel, eighty-five feet on deck, and was fitted up with berths for twenty passengers. The fare was $8 down and $0 up. The "Accommodation" was a success from the start, and a better ti-aveller than Fulton's ex- perimental " Claremont." In 1812 war broke out between Great Britain and the United States, and the Yankees de- cided to capture Montreal as a starter, and make things lively for the Canadians. They never made a greater mistake in their lives. The militia in the District of ISIontroal was called out, and did !.arrison duty, while the Regulars were massed at various points near the frontier, and checked the advance of the Americans. The first great battle was fought between the British and Canadian forces under General Brock, and the American army under General Hull. Brock defeated Hull, and made him and many of his soldiers prisoners of war, and they were led into Montreal on the Oth of September, 181-_>, amid the shouts of a scornful multitude, indignant at the savage threat of extermination that General Hull had breathed in his procla- mation at the outset of his campaign. The American General Dearborn next made an advance upon the Canadian frontier by way flTY OF MONTREAL. 71 of Odelltown, but he was met by a cordon of tlefenco, among the best equipped of tha Canadian troops, bfiiig tlic Cliassiurs of Moiitroal. The merchants and tradesmen of the city also mustered, and mailo four full companies of volunteers. In November, when the enemy was expected, as an eye-witness describes It, " the whole population made a simultaneous movement toward the point of invasion with the greatest enthusiasm." Dearborn, realizing the stern reception awaiting him, finally halted, and eventually withdrew his army into winter (juartcrs at I'lattsburg and liurlington. The following year General Hampton made an advance upon Montreal, but ho mot his " Waterloo " at Chateaugay, for there he was defeated by the celebrated Colonel Do Sala- berry, with a loss of forty men killed, the Canadians suffering a loss of live. General Wilkin- son was co-()i)erating with Hampton, antl brought his army down the St. Lawrence from Sack- ctt's ILarbor in boats, but at Chrysler's Farm the Ilritish and Canadian forces encountered hia command, and one of the most decisive pitched battles of the war was fought, ending in Wil- kinson's defeat and the retreat of his demoralized forces across the lines. The war closed without the Americans being able to gain a ])ermanont foothold either in the Upi)er or Lower Provinco, and the bravery, discipline and tiun of tl e Canadian soldiery was abnndanLly dem- onstrated. In 1813 Mr. Molson launched liis second steamboat, the " Swiftsure," a vast improvement on his first effort, and which ran from Montreal to Quel)ec in twenty-two and a half hours. She wa.^ one Jnuuhcd and thirty feet long by twenty-four feet beam, and plied on the river for many years. The lirst steamer to ply between Lachino and points upon the Ottawa Kiver was placed on the route in 1S1!>, In 1813 the Duke of llichmond was made Govei'nor, and soon after mot with an untimely death from the bite of a pet fox, up in the Hideau District. During all these years the French Caiuidians firmly asserted tlieir rights, and unfortunately race prejudices grew up in connection with many disputed questions in the political and re- ligious arenas. Among the French Canadian statesmen of the day none made a better showing tlian Papinean; no one was possessed of more brilliant talents, and it was saul of him: " No man in Canada is so esteemed by his countrymen — the Canadians of French origin — as Papi- nean; none so inllucntial with the masses." In 1824 Sir Francis Burton, the then Governor, laid the corner stone of the Parish Church, and was right royally entertained by the citizens. It was also about this time that the claim of the Sulpicians to hold the seigniory of the Island and City of Montreal in mortmain was disallowed by the English Government, and it was confined to certain properties largo enough to afford it an immense income, to-day rendering it one of the wealthiest religious corpora- tions in America. The growth of the city had been continuous and rapid for many years, and with emigration ])ouring in, and the development of trade and commerce, the people demanded incor])oration, and to be allowed to live under a municipal form of government. They had heretofore been ruled by such magistrates appointed by the crown as resided in the city. Public meetings were held by the inhabitants in 1827 expressive of the desire for incorporation, and bills to accomplish this were introduced into the Assembly; but it was not till 1831 that the Act of Incorporation became a law, and not until 1833 that it took effect. In that year the first nuniicip.al election was held, Jacques Viger being the name of the first mayor Montreal ever had. A project was also agitated in 1831 and subsequent years to annex Montreal to Upper Can- •ida, so as to give it a port of entry ; the wishes of many English speaking residents wei*e for a change, but tlie opposition was too widespread and persistent. T2 CITY OF MONTREAL. In 1828, Montreal had tho benollt of a United StutuM mail four times a week, and postal fa- cilities with Upper (Canada were also incrcaMud. In 1831 was laiinflicd the llrst steamship built in Canada, tho " Hoyal William," of one thousand three luuulred and seventj tons, constructed by a joint stock company at a cost of £10,000 and which plied from linebec to Halifax for some time afterward. In 18;J2 a sad election riot occurred in tho West Ward. A bitter contest had been in proRrosn for three weeks between Dr. Tracy, tho liery editor of tho Vindicntor, and Mr. Ba^fi. a wealthy merchant. As voting progressed, the passions of the opposinj^ factions rose to lighting pitch, and a detachment of the Fifteenth Kejjimcnt was ordered out under command t)f Captain Tem- ple. On reaching the scene of trouble tho mob attacked tho troops, whereui)on they lired, kill- ing tliroe, and wounding two. The deplorable alYair caused no end of Hul)sei|uent reiirinu- nation and invcstif^atioi Tracy was declared elected by three votes, but never lived to take his scat in the Ilou.' . the cholera struck him down a few months after. Th" cholera was introduced by emigrants arriving at Grosse Isle, below Quebec, and rapidly spread, cases occurring in Montreal a few days after. It was very contagious and virulent, and as many as one hundred and sixty-live cases occurred in twenty-four hours, out of whii'li eighty-eight were fatal. Cholera ai)peared for the second time in ISJM, but the visitation was not so severe. We come now to a dark page in Montreal history : one that manifests in tho strongest light tho bitterness and recklessness of party strife, fanned as it was by all tho latent eljcets of hatreds and jealousies arising from dift'erenccs in race and creed. Tho existing form of crown government was strongly objected to by tho you'.g politicians, who agitated all sorts of con- stitutional reforms, but with little result. To add to the distrust .and growing state of dis- ordei', the charter of Incorporation of Montreal expired in 1830, and with its extinction camo a total ainiihilationof the ;^'>lice force: gross outrages were committed upon peaceable citizens, robberies from tho per^ ere *"icqixent, and in self-defence the ])co|)le bad to organize citizen patrols. The secret oi j oung Canadians, known as the " .Sons of Li))erty," to k advan- tage of this to make a bolu tiemonstration that precipitated a rebellion in the early I 'of 1830 and winter of 1837. Mustering in the yard of Bonacina's Tavern, opposite tho old Presbyterian rimrcb. oi '^reat St. James Street, they ruslied out, and seeing a crowd of members of the Doric Club opposite they made for them: a desperate hand-to-hand light ensued, ending in a riot, the Sons of Liberty eventually being put to flight, and who were pursued to the corner of St. Lawrence Main and Dorchester Sti-eets, This was the beginning of op^n revolt, T. S. Brown, with a few more dangerous spirits, made common cause with Papineau and Dr. Robert Nelson, who hoisted a Republican standard, and in ix pronnnriamcnlo announced the " Republic of Lower Canada." The rebels massed near Chambly and at St. Charles, and were totally routed. An- other body were defeated at St. Eustacho, and in the midst of the snows of a bitter Canadian winter the now homeless and disorganized " patriots" beat a hasty retreat to Uncle Sam's Do- minions, several ringleaders and m.any of the rank and Die being captured and lodged in jail until it overflowed. Martial law was proclaimed in Montreal: trade was .all but ruined, and the people of the city had a hard time of it. The Governor and Council issued an order, banishing a number of the rebels to Bemuda, but Lord Brougham's eloquence in the British House of Parliament caused the Government to resort to constitutional measures of punishment, and a firm but conciliatory policy soon restored order among the disaffected portions of the popu- lace. There is no need to follow the course of constitutional progress through tho ensuing few years. Montreal received a new and more liberally drawn act of incorporation ; the Parlia- CITY OF MONTKEAL. 73 moiit iu)w buKf^n to moot hero, ami the city griuliiiilly took upon itsolf dlHtinctlvo foaturoH, as tlio future inuttopollM of thu niitloii. TluMi' WiiH no Hoii(»u.s Hot-back to the jteaouful (growth of tho city, au. This act of bis aroused the deepest indignation among tho Hritish Canadians ; they fairly boiled over with rage. ^len drove arounil in calashes ringing bells and announcing a mass meeting on the Champ de Mars, and soon four thousand people assembled there, and listened to speakers who denounced Lord Elgin's action in the bitterest terms. At this stage of the trouble some shouted, "To the Parliament House," and with one accord the multitude rushed to the building, arriving about Oi'.m. Somebody hurled a stone through a window into the midst of the liCgislative Assembly then in session. This was the signal for a terrible riot. Every window in the building was smashed, while the members tied panic stiicken into the lobby. One of the leaders of the mob took the Speaker's seat, and declared "this French Pai-liament adjourned." The mace was taken away and sent to Sir Allan McNab at the Doneg.ana Hotel. Then the doomed structure was fired in numerous places I'/tir 1)/ liiubiii i>J Miinlici(,l. 0\ I: hi CITY OP MONTREAL. and burned furiously, surrounded by an uproarious crowd of some seven thousand people. The volunteer firemen made little or no effort to put out the fire, confining their attention to protecting the surrounding property. No help was given to saving the vahiivhlo contents of the house, and the priceless records of the I'rovince for two hundred years back perished on that memorable spring night. Lord Elgin, who was at his official residence of Monklands, was called into town, and measures were taken resulting in numerous arrests, but the following night the mob wreaked furthev vengeance on the houses of obnoxious members, and for some time a feeling of the greatest insecurity prevailed. This however proved to bo the last serious ejneute recorded in the histoiy of the city, and the meeting place of Parliament being removed to Quebec again, the city assumed more and more the character of a flourishing and wisely-governed commercial metropolis. A large lire did much damage on August 27, 18r)0. Another occurred on June 8, 18.'J2, and the most terrible conflagration of all broke out on July 11, 1852, when over one thousand houses and an immense amount f property were destroyed and many people were ruined. The next memorable lire occurred in Uecember, 1865, when the Merchants' Excliaiige was consumed. Thanks to the efficiency of the present paid lire department, and the laws pre- venting wooden buildings, fires are much less destructive than of old. The Montreal of to-day is a splendidly built, well governed and thriving metropolis,, with a population of over 150,000. It has prospered wonderfully since Confederation, and both in wealth and influence is a credit to the I)onunion. The commerce of the city is founded upon a secure basis. Here converge two of the greatest trunk railroads on the continent. The Grand Trunk with its iron arteries ijcnetrates through Ontario direct to Chicago, and with its connections to all sections of the Far West. The Canadian Pacific Eailway is now rapidly ap- proaching completion, and will afford a direct route from the Pacific to Montreal, bringing through freight from China and Japan, as well as the grain of the North-west direct to Mtm- treal, the nearest ocean port, and where it will form the cargoes of additional steamshii)s to those already plying here. The Lachine Canal affords ample water power, and the city is al- ready, as we elsewhei'e abundantly demonstrate, one of the greatest manufacturing centres upon the Continent. Under the present protective tariff it is the recognized centre of the cotton, iron and other great staple industries, and is cultivating closer trade relations with France, IJrazil and the West Indies. The reduction of canal tolls, and the improvement of the artificial waterways have produced beneficial results. Its railway connections on the south arc numerous, and a tunnel under the St. Lawrence to give them an independent avenue of access to the city is one of the early probabilities. In point of wealth, culture and refinement, Montreal has long held a commanding position; her private residences are many of them palatial in their size and equipment, and numerous social circles add to the gayety and attractive features of life in the metropolis. Scores of so- cieties and associations exist for various mutually beneficinl or philanthropic purposes, and Montreal has long been famed for her noble charities, many of them with no counteri^art else- where. In every respect Montreal is a favored se.at of commerce, and with half a continent tribu- tary to her coffers, her future is resplendent with possibilities of the greatest and grandest character. Montreal has attained worldwide fame for the magnificence and beauty of its public buildings, inclusive of churches, civic and governmental institutions, convents, colleges, banks, halls, ai.d last, though by no means least in point of interest, its numerous massive and luxurious private residences. t-i-^TY 5F MONTREAL. 15' The representative specimen of '""clesiastical architecture in the city is admittedly the Parish Church of Notre Dame, erected under the auspices of the poAverful seminary of St. Sulpice. The Sulricians were at one time tlie Seigneurs of the Ishiud and otlier propci ties, and had gubernatorial powers. Through them the first pai'ish church was. built and the city supplied with markets. At the magniflcent building of the Grand Seminary, on Sherbrooke beyond Guy Street, there may sail be seen some of the turreted outworks of the old " Fort des Jkfessieurs," where the first Indian school was taught. There are upwards of four thou- sand volumes in the library of the Grand Seminary. One of the most conspicuous objects in Montreal is the Church of Notre Dame, the successor of the one built in 10T2. The present edifice was commenced in 1823. It was consecrated and opened for public vrorship in 1829. The architectural glories of Montreal are unsurpassed perhaps by any city of its size and age in the world; but among these glories its churches hold a recognized first place. Notre Dame, which is some- times incorrectly called a cathedral, is a triumph of skill and taste in its union of vastness with i harmonious beauty, The/rt;«de is a wonder to behold, and many a traveller who is no no- vice in matters of art, has paused, charmed and admiring, l>ef ore its majestic battlements. The portico, seventy feet in height, the three arcades, the statue niches, the massive cross surmounting the crenelated crest, and, above the wliolo marvellous succession, of which the parts answer to each other like some masterpiece of sacred music, the lofty towers Avith their heaven-pointed pinnacles, form a spectacle which the most thought- less could hardly pass unmoved. The bells of Notre Dame are a peculiarity of Montreal which strike every stranger. They are ten in number, and are placed in the " Tour de la Temperance." They were founded in London by Messrs. Mears & Company, and were mounted in July, 1843. Two of the old bells, founded in 1774, are now in St. Patrick's Church. The Groa Bourdon, whose solemn notes are heard only on great occasions, weighs twenty-four thousand seven hundred and eighty pounds. Its name is Jean Baptiiste. The two largest of the other bells (weighing respectively six thousjind and forty-one and three thousand six hundred and thirty-three pounds) are called Maria Virtorin and EiJwnnhis Alher- tus Lmlocicus. The Gros Bourdon, first mounted in 1843, was broken in 1845, and had to be sent homo for repairs. It arrived -again in Montreal in September, 1847, and was solemnly blessed in June, 1848. In 1807 one of the pinnacles was s^^^ruck by lightning and fell with a tremendous crash on the gravelled pavement, into which it sank several feet. Happily no one was hurt. Tha Church accommodates from twelve thousand to fifteen thousand wor- shippers, and on important occasions is crowded to overflowing. It is situated near the cen- tre of the ancient-walled city, and some of the most important and romantic events in the h;'^'*:cij 01 the colony toe'" place in its neighborhood. The Place d'Armes bears in its name Notre Dame Street West, Montreal. i| 76 CITY OF MONTREAL, a fitting record of tlie patriotic courage of tlie early settlers. On the hill which ascends to it from Craig Street, and is called by its name, occurred some of the sharpest encounters of the little garrison with the Indians, before they were finally swept away into oblivion. The Old Kecollat Church was also a building of much historic interest. The site is shut in from Xotre Dame Street by the encroachments of trade. The llecoUets, founded by St. Francois d'Anisu, were the first religious order to settle in Canada, arriving at Quebec in 101.5. One of their pioneers, Father Nicolas Vial, was drowned by the savages at the spot which is still known as the Sault au Recollet. Their establishment included a largo garden, which extended in one direction as far as ^IcGill Street, and in another to Fortification Lane. The old church was built about 17;"j(). At the Conquest the property f(;ll into the hands of the British Government, but was subsequently exchanged for St. Helen's Island (so called in honor of Champlain's wife), and then sold to the Fabriquc of the parish of Montreal. Before the Pi'otestant colonists had any church of their own, they were kindly allowed to have their ser- vices in that of the liecollets. In 1807, the old church and land were sold to Messrs. Lewis, Kay & Co., antrthe building was soon after demolished. The Church of Notre Dame de Bonsecours is situated close to the river's edge, at the cast end of Bonsecours Market. The history of the church carries us back to the year UmI, when a wooden chapel was built by Scour Bourgeois, on land given by M. de Maisoniieuve. It was opened in 10.51). A second chapel, of stone, was consecrated in June, Ki"). This was the first stone church built in the city. In 1754 it was burned, but it was rebuilt some years after. The first mass was celebrated in the actual edifice on the 30th Jmie, 1773. Among modern churches, that of Our Lady of Lourdes on St. Catherine, near St. Denis Street, must not be forgotten. Besides the fa(;ade, the tower and dome, which are each worthy of careful and sympatlictic study, there is the chef iTcenvrc of the lower chapel, which is constructed and ar- ranged so as to bear a i)erfect resemblance to the Grotto of Lourdes itself. The pictures, also, are of greatbeauty and value. The Jesuits' Church on Bleuiy Sti'eet is also a magnificent structure. Ihefaqade with its triple entrance and its massive towers exhibit some of the best features of the architecture of the rvnahmncr. The church has a large seating capacity, and the excellent discourses deliv- ered here draw large congregations of Protestants as well as Catholics. The choir is one of the best in the city. The frescoes and paintings in the interior are among the finest of the kind on the continent. St. Patrick's Church is a finu example of ogival architecture. The facade is two hundred feet high to the extremity of the cross, and one hundred and twenty feet wide. The large entrance is flanked by two side doors, and its imposing site has no su- perior in the city. The principal Irish Catholic congregation of the city worships here, while another large parish is that of St. Ann's in Griffintown. Another important Catholic church is that of St. James, while St. Peter's, on Dorchester Street, when finished will be proba- bly the finest architectural structure on the continent. It is an exact counterpart of St. Peters at Pome, though somewhat smaller in size. Adjoining it is the palace of the Catho- lic bishop, Mgr. Fabre. The Hotel Dieu, Grey Nunnery, and a number of other immense institutions add to the general beauty of the city, and are most beneficent in their operations. Among the Protestant edifices, the Christ Church Cathedral, eligibly located in the upper ■part of the city, is a lovely specimen of Gothic architecture. It is built, to a great extent, of €aen (Normandy) stone. St. George's, St. James the Apostle's, St. Stephen's, St. Martin's, Trinity and St. John the Evangelist's Churches have each their characteristic merits, which can only be appreciated by personal examination. The Central Methodist Church, St. James Street, is noted for its cai)acity, and when the tiers of pews on its gallery, which resemble a Iloman amphitheatre, are filled with au animated audience, it presents to the observer CITY OF MONTREAL. rr a sight not often witnessed. The Methodist Churches on St. Catherine and SherbroL>k& Streets are more ecclesiastical in style, but not so large. St. Andrew's, St. Paul's, St. Mark's- and the other Presbyterian Churches, Zion Church, Wesley Congregational Church, the St. Catiioiine Street Baptist Church and the Church of the Messiah, are all worthy of observa- tion. St. Gabriel, Presbyterian, is the oldest church edifice in the city. It is small and un- pretentious as to architecture and was built in 1790. The Old Bonsecours Market and City Hall is one of the most imposing buildings in the r ty. It is an immense structure, extending four hundred and eighty-five feet along the river frtnt^ and is one of the finest and largest markets in the world. The City Hall occupied quarter ia the western end till 1877, when they were removed to the elegant and extensive new City Ilall^ erected on a commanding site, east of the Court House, and overlooking the Champs de Mars. St. James Street, Montreal. It has a splendid fitted up council chamber, and offices for all the city departments, including the Central Police Station. Tlie Court House is a massive and beautiful specimen of architecture, and has answered its pui'pose fiji- many years, the principal lack being one of ventilation and accommodation for growing business. A'uong notable business structures are the Bank of Montreal, the Canadian Pacific Railway Ollices, the Post-Ollice, Molson's Bank, Merchants ' Bank, .Jacques Carticr Bank, Bank of British North America, Old Exchange Bank Building, Merchants' Exchange, the Custom House, the Harbor Commissioners' ofticcs, the telegraph company's oflices, Mechanics' Insti- tute, McGill College, the Jesuits' College, the Jacques Cartier Normal School, the Young Men's Christian Association Building, and several convents, including that of Monklands. In the way of museums and libraries are those of the riochanics' Institute, McGill, and the institute Canadien; also the Law Library hi the Court House, the Natural History ]Museum, and the Museum of McGill. The Windsor Hotel, facing Dominion Square, is one of the finest and largest structures of the kind in the world, and is unsurpassed by none in luxury and accommodations. The St. Lawrence Hall and numerous other fine hotels cater to the wants of the travelling public. Such features of the city as Victoria Sipiare (with the Queen's StatuvT by ^larshall Wood), Champ de Mars, Jacques Cartier Square with Nulson's Monument, Dominion, Phillips and 13 CITY OF MONTREAL. Beaver Hall Square, and Viger Gardens, are so conspicuous as to need no description. They are, however, among the most welcome belongings of a large city, and unite the useful « ith the pleasant in a manner which the weary foot passenger can thoroughly appreciate. The Mountain Park was planned by Mr. Olmstead, the designer of Central Park, Now York, but its ornamentation is as yet far from complete. What it lacks in av+ificial is, how- ever, fully compensated by its natural charms. As the road winds along the flanks of the mountain, at every turn some new panorama is unfolded, and city, and river, and forest, and mountain chain stretch in ever fresh combinations before the enraptured gaze. The view from the summit is very line, the city being at one's feet, while beyond the silver thread of the St. Lawrence arc seen the bluish outlines of the White Mountains. St. Helen's Island is the most charming of eunnner retreats. It is a fitting complement to the Mountain Park, and is reached with even less trouble, the ferry running every hour, and the cost of transit being a mere trifle. It takes its name from Helen Boul(S, wife of the great Chaniplain. After her husband's death, this good lady returned to France, and died at Meaux (which gave Bossuet his Episcopal title) in a convent founded by herself. It began to be fortilied some time between llbo and 1T(J0, and afforded a shelter and a i)o/)if (Vapjiui for his nulitary oi^erations to the Chevalier de Levis in the war which ended in tlie conquest of Canada by the British. When he saw himself hopelessly defeated, that brave man burned his flags rather than let them fall into the enemy's hands. Subsequently it was purchased from Baron Grant, and became a military station under the British crown, as the buildings and soldiers' cemetery testify. It is one of the most popular public resorts during warm Aveather. One of the most magnificent i)ublic woi'ks in the world, and a monument of engineering en- terprise and skill, is the Victoria Bridge, which, spanning the St. Lawrence, reaches from the section of the city known as Point St. Charles to St. Lambert. It was constructed for, and is the property of, the Grand Trimk Kailroad, affording that trunk route continuous communi- cation with the Middle and New England States and the Eastern Townships, Quebec, etc. The following is a valuable summary of facts in regard to it: First stone. No. 1 pier, laid July 20th, 18.")4; first passenger train passed December ITtb, IS.'il); total length of bridge, 01S4 feet lineal; number of spans, 2T> — 24 of 242 feet, one of SoO feet; height from surface of w\iter to underside of centre tube, 00 feet; height from bed of river to top of centre tube, 108 feet; greatest depth of water, 22 feet; general rapidity of current, 7 miles an hour; cubic feet of masonry, .3,000,000; cubic feet of timber in temporary work, 2,250,000; cubic yards of clay used in puddling danr., 140, 000; tons of iron in tubes, say 8250; number of rivets, 2,.'j00,000; acres of painting on tubes, one coat 30, or for the four coats, 120 acres. The force emi)loyed in construction during the summer of 1858, the working season extend- ing from the middle of May to the middle of November, was as follows : steamboats, 450 horse-power; barges, 72, manned by 500 sailors; in stone quarries, 4.50 men; on works, artisans, etc., 20P0 men. Total, IJ040 men; hor.ses, 142; locomotives, 4. Total cost, 80,300,000. The strength of the groat bridge was. subjected to the most severe tests; a train of plat^'^rm cars, 520 feet in lengtli, and drawn by three engines, extending over two tubes, was loaded almost to the breaking limit of the cars, with large blocks of stones. When the train covered the first tube, tlip deflection in the centre amounted to seven-eighths of an inch, and the ad- joining one to which it was coupled was lifted in the middle tbrce-cighths of an inch. The load then being jilaced over both tubes, the deflection was the same in eadji, or three-fourths of an inch in the middle, and on being entirely removed, both sides assumed their original level. The large centre span, entirely disconnected from the other tubes, on being covered with the load thr(nigh<>u* its entire length, deflected in the centre one and seven-eighth inches, aud came back to its previous level on the load being removed. CITY OF MOXTREAL. 79 Montreal is admitted on every hand to be tlie metropolis of Canada, occupying relatively the same position as regards capital, enterprise and the bulk of the import and export trade of the country at large, as does New York in the United States. It will thus be necessary in reviewing the rise and progress of Montreal as a commercial entrepot for lialf a continent to give some idea of the magnitude of the country's trade that centres here. So far as possible the figures for 1884 have been used in this article, but in some instances these were not ob- tainable at the time these pages were put in type, and to gather them from all the sources necessary wcmld have delayed the publication beyond the period designed. The last census of Canada, taken in 1881, shows that the population of the Dominion was then 4,:)24, 810 (probably now, in 188."), upwards of 5,0()0,(X)0 souls) — distributed as follows: Prince Edward Island 108,891 ; Nova Scotia, 440,572; New Brunswick, 321,233; Quebec, 1,359,027; Ontario, 1,923,228; Manitoba, 05,954; British Columbia, 49,459; the Territories, 50,440. Total for the Dominion, 4,324,810; showing an increase of C33,.341 in ten years, or a rate of increase per cent, of 18.98. Place D'Aiiucts Squun, Montreal. The summary of capital invested shows the wealth and commercial power of the country to be as follows: Prince Edward Island, $2,085,770; Nova Scotia, S10,1S;],(1G0; New Brunswick, $8,425,282; Quebec, $59,210,992; Ontario, $80,950,847; Manitoba, i?l,383,.331; British Coliunbia, $2,952,835; the Territories, $104,500. Total for the Dominion, $105,.302,023. In ten years the four older Provinces and Prince Edward Island had increased their cai)italized wealth by $80,812,101, or an increase jier cent, at the remarkable rate of 103.0. This shows undoubt- edly wonderful business enterprise and a rapid ratio of progress. Coming to the summary of the total value of products, we find that the total of $.309,07fi,0()8 was distributed as follows: Prince Edward Island, $3,400,208; Nova Scotia, $18,575,320; New Brunswick, $18,512,(i58; Quebec, $104,002,258; Ontario, $157,989,870; Manitoba, .$3,413,020; British Columbia, $2,92(5,784; the Territories, $195,938. Total for the Dominion, $:309,070,008; showing an increase of prodmticm for the five older provinces as compared with the preced- ing decade of .$78,122,339, being an increase per cent, of 35.2. These proofs of progress are very satisfactory, and exhibit all the features of a permanent and substantial development worthy of the Canadian people and of the merchants of their commercial capital. The Dominion with a population of only 1.24 to the square mile, and an area of 3,427,172 80 CITY OF MONTREAL. square miles, offers the least occupied field in the world for settlement in a fertile and healthy region, and as great inducements are offered hero to the toiling masses of Europe to come over and build up homes of their own, as in any other section of the globe. The following shows the totals of the vaiious kinds of immovable property owned, including shipping: Number of ownei's, 588,973; acres of land owned, 07,045, lOii ; town and village lots, 419,110; number of houses, 712,440; warehouses, factories, etc., 110,170; barns and stables, 800,985 ; steam vessels, 721 — tonnage, 200,023 ; average size, 277 tons ; sea-going sailing vessels, 390!) — tonnage, 800,450; average size, 220 tons; barges and other such craft, 1782 — tonnage, ;'0,4(JS; average size, 54 tons. Grand totals: vessels, 0412; tonnage, 1,150,941. The aggr.' ;ates for the Dominion of the quantities of the several kinds of grain yielded, and the average under wheat, jiotatocs, and hay, the figures relating to the census year of 1880, are as follows: Wheat — sown, 2,300,554 acres; spring wheat, yield, 12,102,817 bushels; winter wheat, yield, 20,247,452 bushels; barley, yield, 10,844,808 bushels; oats, yield, 70,- 49;5,i;Jl bushels; rye, yield, 2,097,180 bushels; peas and beans, yield, 13,749,002 bushels; buck- wheat, yield, 4,901,147 bushels; corn (maize), yield, 9,025,142 bushels; potatoes, 404,289 acres, yield, 55,208,227 bushels; turnips, yield, 39,059,094 bushels; other root crops, yield, 9,192,320 bushels; hay, 4,458,340 acres, yield, 5,055,810 tons; grass and clover seed, 324,317 bushels. The following is a statement of the quantities of other agricultural and home-made articles pi'oduccd — also the value of furs: Uome-made butter, 102,545,109 pounds; home-made cheese, 3,184,990; flax seed, 108,094 bushels; flax and hemp, 2,050,353 pounds; home-made cloth and flannel, 7,040,259 yards; home-made linen, 1,293,802 yards; fruits and apples, 13,377- 055 bushels; grapes, 3,800,508 pounds; other fruits, 841,219 bushels; maple sugar, 20,550,400 pounds; tobacco, 2,527,902 pounds; hops, 905,207 pounds; value of all furs, $987,555. Summary of the quantities of the various products of the forest: Square pine, white, 40,720,- 047 cubic feet; square pine, red, 2,815,755 cubic feet; square oak, 5,070,894 cubic feet; tamarac, 4,053,575 cubic feet; birch and maple, 4,414,705 cubic feet; elm, 3,191,908 cubic feet; walnut, black, 59,032 cubic feet; walnut, soft, 754,219 cubic feet; hickory, 387,019 cubic feet; all other timber, 48,950,958 cubic feet; number of pine logs, 22,324,407; other logs, 20,025,584; number of masts, spavs, etc., 192,241 ; staves, 41,881,000; lath-wood, 98,311 cords; tan bark, 400,418 cords; firewood, 10,993,234 cords. One thousand one hundred nwl forty-seven vessels, with 8440 men, and 30,427 boats, with 43,021 men arc employed in the fisheries, who catch and place on the market the following aggregate quantitie.-i of various kinds offish: Cod, 1,130,771 quintals; haddock, hake and pol- lock, 102,539 quintals; herrings, 574,503 barrels; gaspareaux, 28,850 barrels; mackerel, 248,031 barrels; sardines, 25,384 barrels; halibut, 2799 barrels; salmon, 73,897 barrels; shad, 10,385 barrels; eels, 8012 barrels; white fish, 48,781 barrels; trout, 04,324 barrels; other fish, 170,052 barrels; canned lobsters, 11,983,048 pounds; oysters, 189,127 barrels; fish oil, 870,323 gallons. Statement of the extent of the mining industries of the Dominion, and the quantities of raw material produced, including petroleum and building stone : Gold, 70,015 ounces; silvei-, 87,024 ounces; copper ore, 8177 tons; iron ore, 223,057 tons; pyrites, 20,770 tons; manganese, 2449 tons; other ores, 5924 tons; coal, 1,307,824 tons; plumbago, 28 tons; gypsum, lump, 183,070 tons; phosphate of lime, 14,747 tons; mica, 10,070 pounds; crude petroleum, 15,490,022 gallons; salt, 472,074 barrels; grained marble, 40,120 cubic feet; building stone for dressing, 8,141,227 cubic feet; roofing slate, 10,530 squares. The statistics given above abundantly demonstrate the rapid strides that Canada has made in developing her natural resources, and the following comparative review by Provinces, of capital invested, value of products, and number of employees, shows at a glance the wonderful progress the Dominion has made in a decade: CITY OF MOXTHEAL. 81 Prince Edward Island. Nova Scotia New Brunswick 8uebee ntario Manitoba Britisli Columl)ia The Territories Total . Capital Invested. 1H«1. 2,085,776 10,183,0(i0 8,4A'),!Wa ,')9,ai6,993 l.i383,:J31 s.a'ja.Ki'i 104„')00 :t)5,3(tt,(i*i ]sri. «,(>ll,!)ti6 ,'),«7ti.irt! 2H,07I,K(i8 37,87-1,010 r,'jtn,oao Value of Products. 1881. 3.400,208 18,512,(i.'>8 101.(i(W,2.->8 l.'j7,i)8i».870 3,413,02(1 2,920,784 195,938 309,(i7(i,0ti8 1871. 12,.338,105 i7,;itir,t'>87 77,20.">,182 114,700,799 221,«17,773 Persons Kujployed. 1881. No. 5,767 20,.190 19,922 K->.073 118,*W 1,921 2,871 83 2,'>4,935 1871. No. ]5,5»S 18,3.52 «0.714 87,281 187.942 For the subjoined facts as to the {general condition of the principal manufacturing indus- tries of this city we are indebted to the esteemed secretary of the Board of Trades, Mr. Wil- Ham J. Patterson, as also for various statistical matter. In quotinfj a prefatory remark of his, that, " there is little or no room for doubt that the circulation of accurate information respecting the various enterprises and industries of Mon- treal would promote the varied interests of the city, and that it ought to be procured and j)ublished," we are pleased to see that the value of such a work as ours has been recognized, and which, embracing as it does facts obtained direct from our own reporters from all the leading and representative merchants, manufacturers and retail business men of this city, will be found the most valuable and instructive book of the kind ever issued. No Canadian industry is of greater importance than that devoted to the tanning of leather. It has steadily increased during the past few years, until now that it fully supplies all home- rL'((uireinents, — with the exception of a little English Oak-Sole for the finer kinds t)f work; — and not only so, there is exportation of solo and upper leather to England at p.aying prices. The following particulars will enable the ordinary reader to form a fair estimate of the mag- nitude of the tanning industry, and how much the producers avQ indebted to Montreal for a market. There are about fifty sole leather tanneries in the Dominion, — the larger number being lo- cated in the I'rovince of Quebec; and of these not less than tliirty supply the trade of this city. The annual value of the sole leather sent here for all u.ses is estimated to amount to S2,000,000, — the value of upper leather being $2,-500,000 in round numbers. The approximate value of all kinds of leather manufactured in the Dominion has been va- riously stated at from .$T,oOO,()00 to *10,()0(),(KK). On the first hypothesis, sixty-six and two- tliirds per cent, of the whole goes into consumption in Montreal, — on the other estimate, fifty per cent. Opinions vary widely respecting tlic luimber of persons employed in the Canadian tanneries. According to the census of 1881 there are twenty-three tanneri,'s in Montreal and vicinity, in whicli eight hundred and fifty-two persons are employed, — the total wages per annum being !?2 14,000. A most important consideration in connection with the tanning industry is the great quan- tity of hemlock bark used in the process. The annual aggregate consumption amounts, on an average, to l.')0,(K)0 cords, — the average annual exportation to the United States during the past three years amounting to over 100,000 cords, or an increase of twonty-fivc per cent. The sliip- nu'uts of bark referred to are chiefly from the Eastei'u Townshijis in this Province, where hemlock forests abound. From five to six trees, according to size, are required to furnish a single cord of bark; it would, therefore, appear that nearly a million and n half of trees arc cut down annuaUi/ to supi)ly the demand for home-consumption and for export. At that rate, it is calculated that the hemlock forests will be completely dcstroyeil in less than fifteen years. 82 CITY OF MONTREAL. The "extract of hemlock bark " is exported in very considerable quantities from this port, in 1882 tho exports amounting to 2S),:]75 barrels, worth $234,000, while 91,791 cords of bark for tanning were shipped, worth $432,000. The manufacture of leather board in Canada was begun in 1873 by a company in this city, now the " Dominion Leather Board Company of Montreal." The chief circumstance that has enabled the ilontreal company to maintain its grouiid during ten years against the sharp com- petition of tlie foreign article was the superior ijuality of its product, winning tlie iirst prizes as it did all over the world. The capacity of the mill is four hundred and lifty tons per an- num, and it is manufactured specially shaped to order for boot and shoe factories, chair seats' workers' hat and cap factories, friction pulleys for washers, for car wheels, and plumbers' work. The importance and extent of the boot and shoe brancli of Montreal's industries cannot be over estimated. There are an average of thirty factories in the city for the making of boots and shoes. Uifvvards of three thousand five hundred employees, male and female, earn fair wages. There are some two hundred and lifty ditTcrent kinds of goods produced, the average number of ])airs by the larger firms being one tliousand two hundred i)er day, while the daily production in tlie city averages fifteen thousand pairs, the total value of tlic yield per diem being nearly §18,0(X). The average production per annum of this city is estimated to be four million five hundred thousand pairs, worth $.},4()0,00l). It is reckoned that ninety-four per cent, of the (piantity manufactured in Montreal is consumed in Canada, four per cent, going to Great Britain and two per cent, to foreign countries. Production in 1882 showed an increase ('f fifty per cent, as compared with that of 1879; the production in Montreal alone in 1882 being ccjual to the out turn of all Canada in 1879. The following enumeration indicates, with tolerable accuracy, the numbers of the various labor-saving machines in use, by steam powc •, in the boot and shoe manufactories in this city :— No. in >'o. in 1879. ]8S-,'-S;3. Sewing Machines 500to60i) br,5 PegK'i"K ^laL'luues 30 34 Sole-stnvcrs ^,5 !J8 SoIe-cutUM-s SO 23 HeelinK Maeliines (Kigelow and Jlacliay Patents) r S Eyeleting Maeliines 40 4.5 PunoliiiiK Maeliines 25 2S N'o. in No. in 1879. 188S-S:i Slciving Machines (for sole leather) 20 iHi flo. do. (oilier purposes) .50 ."iG Rolling Machines 30 34 llfel-lmriiisliiii.u: Mac.iines SO 23 KilLCi'-lmniisliiii^f >laL'liines 20 2;J Saiiil-paptT 15nl1liif^ .^lachines S.") 28 Beatuig-out Machhies 15 17 The manufacture of trunks, valises and satchels in Jlontreal has not heretofore attracted much attention; it is, nevertheless, attaining large proportions, and two of the five factories noted here occupy capacious premises in the east and Avest ends of the city. The amount of business done in 1882 showed an increase of about sixty per cent, over that of 1881. Of course the articles produced are various in size and quality, — very considerable quantities of dirt'erent kinds of loallier. hardware, etc., comprising the stock. In the line of the manufacture of silk goods but a comparatively recent development has to be noted. An American firm commenced business in 1877, and has had much success, while Montreal capital has been instrumental in organizing another establishment, which from its commencement has ])roduced high grades of dress silks, satins, etc., that are reported to rival the products of looms in well-known silk-woaving centres. It is a compliment to the skill of Canadian operatives to find the new products so flatteringly received. The wholesale clothing trade in Montreal has been steadily increasing. There are now twelve establishments engaged in this industry. — besides a large number of minor impor- tance, — the annual sales of these large ones amounting in the aggregate to §2,2.50.000, the I'C' CITY OP MONTREAL. 83 No. ill 188-2-S;j. 23 56 34 2.'! 28 IT i^ion of their business oxtomlinR from the M.aritime Provinces all the way west to British Co- hinibia. Upwards of 9*-,000,(;00 of capital are invested, and the clothing produced is valued at nearly $.1,()00,0()0. There is a now feature in the wholesale clothing trade which deserves a p.assing notice. Four or live years ago it was a comparatively easy matter to distinguish between the number of employees engaged in it within the city limits, and those in the suburbs. Now, however, that cotton and woollen factories arc affording so much employment for females, the making up of clothing for wholesale houses is being largely done in the country within a radius, per- haps, of thirty miles from Montreal, — the railways aftording ample facilities for the purpose. The sale or renting of sewing-machines within the region indicated has been very great. The shirt, collar and ~ " cutf industry has ex- l)anded into large pro- l)ortions in Montreal, as contrasted with the smaller establishments that have in years gone by been known to exist in many of the cities and towns in Canada. The larger centres of wholi-- sale trade, however, arc now the points whence such supplies are main- 1^- ly drawn. The enter- *^ prise in this city con- sists of — lirst, nuuiufac- turing from linen and cotton; second, manufacturing from "cotton-cloth paper." There are some ilftcen factories engaged in the manufacture of shirts and linen collars and ci'lTs, upon an extensive scale, turning out fr- wi twelve to fifteen thousand shirts per month, and some twenty-five thousand to thirty thousand collars, etc. Cotton-cloth paper came into Canada free until ^larch, 1879, but it now pays a duty of twenty per cent, and the articles manufactured fnmiit thirty per cent. The total value of these goods as manufactured hero and placed on the market yearly is estimated at nearly $'2()(),000, including the cost of hundreds of thousands of the i>aper boxes in Mhicb they arc retained. Works for the manufacture of rul)ber goods were first established in Montreal in 1804, and the present " Canadian Rubber Company " in 18(i(). The products of this manufactory con- sist of rubber shoes, felt-boots, belting, packing, hose, and all kinds of mechanical goods. The capital invested is $1,000,000. The value of goods sold in the year ISSl amounted to 8880,000, and in 1882 to .f«991,0(X>, the latter year being an increase of about eighty-five per cent, as compared with the business of 1871). Tlie goods manuf.actured all find a market in the do- minion. As the consumption increases, the company here can supply the demand, for their producing capacity can bo doubled if necessitated. There are also factories operated by Montreal capital, located in the eastern townships, that produce ladies" rubber g.arments, hard rubber goods, etc. Importations from the I'nited States and Germany are now restricted to fewer lines than formerly, viz., druggists" sundries, stationers' goods, bands, pen-holders, balls and toys, etc. Oiiiy Suitni'iy, Mimtnal. li: •: 84 CITY OF MO NT HEAL. Though no paper mills are situated within the limits of Montreal, upwards of ton located at various favorable sites are owned in tliccity. They are located as follows: — at Valleylield, Chambley, Windsor, Sherhrooke, Kinf,'scy, Tort Neuf, Joliette, Back Ilivor, Lachuto, and St. Jerome. Montreal capitalists have also very considerable interests in paper mills in Ontario. Besides the before-mentioned concerns, there is u pulp factory at An{;;us, in the eastern townships, for the manufacture of paper-stock from wood (spruce); it is owned in ^lontreal. There is also a factory near Sorol for the production of paper pulp from Ilcrb-ti-Uen, — a native grass which grows in groat abundance on the banks of the River St. Lawrence and its tribu- taries. Esparto grass is still occasionally imi)orted here for paper-making purposes. The outlook for the producers of paper of all kinds in Canada is excellent. With abund- ance of water-power, ana immense supplies of wood from wliich to make p'llp; that article is sent from the Province of Quebec into the very heart of the pulp and paper country in the United States; while Canada can 8upi)ly "news" paper at prices greatly below prevailing rates in the nei'^hboring republic. The card and jjaper department of the Burland Lithographic Comi)any manufactures card- boards of every description, — glazed, plated, enamelled and lithognvphic i)apers, photograi>hic mounts, pla'n and gilded. It is also the only manufactory of i)laying cards in the Dominion. At present about forty hands are employed, and arrangements arc being made for a cjoctod to lu'iivior (liitio.s than forniprly. Thu iinxhiction of tins manifold Htaplo articlcB of trade from iron and atcol iH one of tlio most important industries of tho niotropolis. .S(mic !>(2,lKH),(MN) of capital arc invested, and one thonsand five hundrud hands omi)loyed, the following? being among tho principal estab- lishinunts of the kind in Montreal: — Montreal llullinij Milltt (.'otiipiiny : — Mannfacture cut nails, prcissed nails, horse shoes, horso nails, tacks, brads, etc.; also white lead, paint, putty, shot, lead pipe, etc. The Pillow Itcnivy A Co, \Vi>rkx : — Produce cut nails, railway and pressed spikes, horso shoes, cut tacks, brads, and shoe nails, making in the tack department alime between ono thousand tivt^ hundred and two thousand sizes and kinds; also, largely engaged in the manu- i'aeture of carriage, tire, and other bolts, coach screws, hot pressed ami forged nuts, besitles a number of other articles. ' The Work-It of Peck, Benny *fc Company: — Produce nail plate, cut nails, clinch and pressed nails, horse-shoe nails, ship and railway spikes, etc. The Cole St. Paul ManiiJ'acloricn; — Produce axes, shovels, spades, augers, cut nails, and horse nails. Tho raw material used in these establishments consists of large importations of puddled bar iron,' — for tack-making, tho best ntrollin>j element in the selection. The capacity of the new works here, in full blast, will jiroduce from four hundred to five liuudred machines per week; and from three thousand to four thousand persons are employed in the establishment. The most complete arranj^emeuts are made forsendinji the "Sinjier" to every acccssibh ;>oint in the dominion. The heaihiuarters of the (Jrand Trunk IJailroad are located in .Montreal, and comprise very extensive oftlces and work-shoi)s, ^ivinji employment to npwanls of three thousand salaries are a valued mercautilo factor as rej;ards retail trade. Tlio estimated number of the population of Montreal dependent for waffcs, as well as sub- sistence, on the Grand Trunk Hallway, including contractors, is about fourteen thousand persons. The wa^es disbursed to them amount to about .^I.-IOO/XM) jier annum, while the company's dealinj^s with the business tirms of Montreal reiircsent another million and a half. Under the beneficent operations of the new tariff, the suj^ar re(iuinarticulars, which an- mainly actual; or when otherwise, arc approximated by those who are thoroughly conversant with the business. The following figures are from the census of 1881 : — In Montreal No. of Factories No. of Hands employed 8.80;i Total yearly WaRes! S3!W,S7!) " value of raw mau-rial S'.M.I.aw " " value of products SMkIkHW Capitalinve8te!l,UH) The consumptii»n native gvow 'ann condition Owiii tl not pr< ly rem Sl,I0^',H78 >f >•(•<> has materially increased, but that increase is principally of ■ partially manufactured, and more largely in its natural . h linseed oil is imported from Europe, its manufacture has av« .a Montreal. Another dis '.vantage which linseed oil crushers- in Canao abor un t, and, obtaining a high crushers in linseed cake. A first-class cement mill is located n able reception to the exclusion of Ameri linseed oil, which gives them entire control of ice for their oil, they can undersell the Canadian chelaga, and its product meets with a very favor- :i cements, which formerly were largely imported. CITY OF MONT HE A F-. 87 ('apt' Un-toii snppHcH tliJH maikft willi the cnido jjy|inijin wliicli In mainifiiftured lioro into land plasliT aiul jilastiT of I'aris. Tlio iiuantity of Htono iiiiitortnl and nianufiu'tiuod liuro is incroasinf,', and will now amount to over hIx thousand tons per annum. IncifasiuK (inantitics of patent modlciues and perfumery are beinj^ yearly manufactured in the Dominion. \ larjre numlicr of Ami'iican i)ropri('tary nu'diiiiu-s are manufaitured at Montreal, Toronto, and other points to supply the (.'anadiau demand, the tarill' beiu^ almost prohibitory on importcil Kuods of these classes. Young Jlcii'.s- C'hristitin Assochilioii Huililiiiij, Muiitrntt. The manufacture of green and Hint glass bottles for drugu^sts, and of lamps, lamp chim- neys, and other ware, is carried on extensively in Jlontreal, the factory being of largo capacity, and its products finding a ready market. There are three principal establishments in Montreal for the powdering of drugs, requiring the use of twenty-fivo run of stone, besides some eight rim of largo millstones, used for heavier articles, such as cream tartar, etc. There are also five concerns in the city, in which operations arc confined to the grinding and prei)aration of cofTee and spices. Liquid ammonia and carbonate of ammonia are manufactured in Montreal from gas works residuum, the former supplanting the English article, which formerly supplied this market. 88 CITY OF MOXTIIEAL. Sulphuric, muriatic and nitric acids are manufactured extensively at Brockvillc and Lon- don, Ont., tho Montreal trade using them in i)referenco to the English and Scotch acids. A factory for the manufacture of all di scriptions of iloor oil-cloths was commenced in this city a few years ago. The products compare favorahly, and compete with those imported from England. There are four saw-mills in Montreal, engaged iii the manufacture of lumber, all of which are running up to their full capacity. About one-fourth of the "dimension timber" pro- duced finds a market in the United States, that description not being cla.ssed in tho United States customs' taritl as "manufactured" lumber. There are several large planing mills and sash and blind factories in operation in Montreal. The products all find a market in Canada, the duty and heavy freight-rates effectually pre- venting shipments to the United States. Ventures in doors, sashes, etc., to Great Britain have been tried ; but there were two obstacles which have not yet been overcome — (1) the high freights, and (2) a prejudice in favor of the products of Norway and Sweden. Tho hard, cheap pines of these countries still stand in the way of builders and architects in England adopting the finer and more durable pine-products of Canada, whicli are undoubtedly the cheapest in the long-run. There are about five hundred persons employed in the manufacture of these articles here, the annual value of them being about $337,o00. There are nine establishments in the city engaged in manufacturing packing cases, boxes, etc., with a business of large magnitude. The extent and 'mportance of this business may be appreciated when it is remembered that all the wholesale houses in this city require "packages" of one kind or anothe. , and that dealers in woollens and cottons, and general dry goods, hardware firms, tobacco factories, etc., are tho special patrons of the industry in question. There are, pi'obably, about 27"j,000 boxes of diffei'cnt dimensions required in the tobacco factories alono in the course of a yeai-, and over 10(),fX)0 cases for trunk making. There are four large milling establishments in Montreal, of which the census gives the fol- lowing figures: Number of hands employed, one hundred and ni-iety-two; annual amount of wages, $2()(>,.500; annual value of raw material, $2,215,250; annual v!'".ie of product, $2,409,170. Three of these mills are engaged in producing wheaten Hour, and oat and corn mm' ; but the other has been adapted for grinding rice, an initiative enterprise, obtaining supplies by direct imports from Akyab and I5ast.ein. This mill employs from forty to sixty hands. An- nual amount of wages paid, !=il7,500 to $22,500; value of raw material (including oats, which are ground in winter months,) $250,000. According to tho census returns there are seven concerns engaged in brick-making — per- sons employed, three hundred and twenty-four; amount in' wag^s paid per annum, $"8,9.50; value "f raw material, $71,100; value of year's production, $270,000. The estimated output of brick, in the yards adjoining and below tho city, amounts to from twenty to twenty-fivo million of bricks per annum. They are of an excellent quality, ;is '>s domoiist^ratod all through the city and siiburbs. The above series of facts wiU to a limited extent supplement the t'ants lo be found in vast array in this volume, and which forms the only accurate and valuable historical review of the business interests of Montreal published. In each and every branch of industrial effort v/ill be found carefully written descriptions of the leaunig factories and establishments, with information of especial and permanent value to every business man who has dealings in Mon- treal. We close this chapter by appending a census summary of Montreal's manufactures. So far as possiI)le, the figures for 1884 have been used in this article, but in some instances these were not obtainable at the time these pages were put in type, and to gather them from all tho sources necessary, would have delayed tho publication beyond tho period designed. CITY OF MONTREAL. 89 Statistics as to Montreal's manufacturing and industrial estalilishments. as per the last cen- sus, sliowiuf? number and sex of persons employed; amounts of wages paid per annum; value of raw materials used, and value of articles produced. Description op Industry. •r. , O =3 H A(5ratert Waters , AKi'it-'ultiiral Implements Hakeries of all sorts Hakiiiv; I'owiler Factories Basket Making Hell Foundry Belting anil Mose Making Billiard Tal)le>; Blacking; Alaking Blacksniitliing,. Boiler Making Bookbinding Boots and Shoes Breweries Brick Making Broom and Biunh Making •far and Loeomotive Works Card Hoai d Factory 'Car])enters and Joiners Carriage Making Carving and Gilding Chemical Works •Chocolate Factories Church Iiecorations -Cider Jlills Clothiers ColTee anil Spico Mills ■Cooiicragi' Corki'uttliig ( 'i irset i'lU'tories C( ptton M ills Distilleries Dress Maidng and ilillinery Dyers Kilge Toi il :\Ianufa(,'tories l^ngine Huilding Engraving and l^ithographing Fittingsand Fonndrv Workings in Brass, Iron, Lead, Ac Floor Oil Cloth Factory Flour and (irist Jlills Foundries and 3Iachine Shops , Furniturt! Furriers 'fJas Works i(ilass Works (ilove and Mitt JIakers ( iiue Making (•old and Silvei-smiths India Kulil)er Factories Iron Smelting and Steel Making humps and Cliandeliers Last Fartory liiiuc Kilns Lock I'aelories Match Factories Mallieinalical Instrument Making ^lattrcss Jinking Meat ( 'mjng Kstablishments JMi>: llancous Wares Musical Instrinnent Makers Nail Factories Nut and Bolt Makers I 111 Refineries I'aint and Varnish Works Painters and (ilaziers I'aper Hug and Box- Makers Taper t'ollar I'^aclory l'a|)er Mills TatiMit Medicines I'laning and Moulding Mills Piaster Works riiotograiihic (lalleries I'reservi'il Articles of Food Printing Ctllces Rolling Mills Roofing r'idt Rope and Twine Making •Saddlery Wafe Making Sash, Door, and Blind Factories 4 76 2 3 1 1 1 1 9'.' 1 !t 213 10 1 1 3:j <>4 11 8 »> 4 1 160 8 22 1 a 1 8 2V0 B .5 1 11 84 1 7 19 113 46 1 3 3 4 5 •I 4 ,S 3 1 3 17 29 5 1 4 8 13 4 1 (I 8 3 1 13 18 34 1 5 8 40 8 8 Persons Employed. Male. F'male. 123 61) 4a-> 79 6 10 18 .5 9 IW ;« i.w 3..'>48 ih;^ 167 1,310 8 ,'520 317 101 51 I 34 (i 1,1H7 .W 147 20 276 10 13 18 <-M 150 275 674 13 193 710 m) 438 126 289 39 as l.'H 110 35 41 m 3 K-, 143 48 083 130 50 118 135 .'>4 5 874 49 76 (59 tB 774 375 101 117 166 43 38 15 34 ■HA 3 130 10 88 9 8 39 5 14 4,137 14 41 448 16 980 16 133 3 1 5 3 13 79;i "36 83 175 '"8 15 73 I) 69 38 27 37 90 49 33 104 15 15 Amount of Wages per annum. 31, ''no 17,800 138,733 20.300 1,958 3.000 4,160 4,(X)0 !J0,,5,58 5,(»0 72.H(X1 1,460,395 81.!H«1 7H,9.')0 21,098 5.5;^,.'i88 3,!;oo lOH.tUi, 119,132 31,120 3T.1IX) 3,'; 00 16,100 I,Hi10 688,471 27.K(X) 50,*« 5,000 1.34,200 (K.-iOO 115.323 7,.'>86 40,200 50,t«)0 1 4,5,4.^)0 2;i7,3(M 1.5,000 208.*X) 244.962 3:^7,075 321,2.54 60.(KK) 108,2tX) 2,5,600 3,7(X) 18.41)0 154.613 32,918 1.5,100 13,»I0 7,200 8,780 3,.5.50 M-m 2..5(I0 22,(i!Ki m,913 23,.500 aiO.tXX) 4.5.(XX) IM.'.'SO .s.'*,i;iKi 16.2;!i) 7,1100 ]10,7IK) 34,700 33,2lX) 1,000 3:1,311 16,365 334,318 180,(XI0 :w.ooo 88.800 47,756 13,tKX) 15,800 Value of Raw Mate- rial used. 9 61,400 28,U(X) 1,041, .578 03,220 8ti0 8,(XX) 48,000 8,0(X) 9,000 !55,5;« 10,000 ,58,700 3,908,031 433,(XH) 71,](X) 76,6.50 959,.571 15,CtX) 170,7.50 10:i,415 ,59.9(K1 141,400 11,5(K) 62,200 4,000 2,468,313 ;i4(i,0«) 79,286 a5,ooo 24,(XX) 4rH.IMX) 70,IXX) 514,391 10,7(X) .52.275 45,IK)0 184,100 299.1110 .^< 2.(1.59.1134 313.1160 230.t>X) 108.670 .58.930 117,010 «79,5(X) 143,IXX) 4ti.(XX) :ii;.i»x» f5.i;.50 13.8IX) 11.000 4,(x;o 7.(i.'iO 6S4,3^3 313,447 117,100 1.3)0.(XX) 3(IO,lXX) .•i53..'*0 K5li..5IX) 1.56.378 79.U".I) 25.(XX) 6C^I.74I> ;w;i.300 98.(XX) 2,1XX) 113,282 215.325 9K-.;isi .5(X),1KXI 2ori.ixx) 274,3(X) 8!«,1lXi .38,000 80,.500 90 CITY OF MONTREAL. Description of Industry. Saw and File Cutting Saw Mills Scale Factories Sewing Machine Factories Ship .Materials Ship Yards Shirts, Collars, and Ties Shooks and Fish Box Factories Silk Mills Soap and Candle Making Spike and Railway Cliairs Spring and Axle Works Stone and Marble Cutting Straw Works Sugar Refiir'ries Surgical Appliances Tanneries Thread Factories Tin and Slieet Iron Workers . . . Tobacco Factories Tobacco Pine Factories Trunk and Box Making Type Foundries Veriuicclli anil Macaroni Vinegar Works Wall Paper Watchin.ak'.ns and Jewelers Wax Candle Factoi-y Wig Making Window Shades Wire Works Wood Turning ofEs- blish- lents. Persons Employed. 5'. Male. F'male. 5 168 4 20 75,(KX) 26,0(W 64,0,55 10,000 6,100,000 6,000 2,123,350 ' ']6l',494 94.5,0.-)5 4,000 211,1K)0 10,000 1.5,000 50,000 (K),000 127, .513 840 .5,200 10,0(X) 147,000 2,200 Value of Articles produced. 544,000 572,000 43,000 52I,0;il 61,000 120,000 9;i5,394 32,,^00 275,000 874,400 141,000 40,000 240,700 50,000 0,800,000 1.5,000 3,131,800 ' .341,666 1,637.403 I't.CXX) 48;i,400 64,.5(XV 22,,500 !KI.(K)0 100.000 292,317 1,690 1.5,100 ;w,(X)o 11)1, (KK) 8,200 MakiiiR a total of 17.5.3 cstaljlishments, with a capital of upwards of !?;35,0OO,OOO. Montreal was originally made a port of entry in 1882, and has for nearly the whole of the intervening period been the leading port in the country. Her Custom House is a large and architecturally handsome structure facing the harbor and Custom House Square. Here the Collector of the Port, and a large staff of inspectors, appraisers, and clerks attend to the col- lection of Vtiiat is by far the largest amount of revenue obtained from any one point. The importance of Montreal as a source of Dominion revenue can best be appreciated by quoting the value of merchandise entered for consumption at this port during the six months ending^ June 30, 1884: for quarter ending March 31, $(),()58,2!)2 ; for month of April, $1,1)77,.")2,'); for month of May, $3,, 303,. 387; for month of June, $4,310,489, making a grand total of >;1(),31.'),4S0. The followin;^ are the total receipts ^nd shipments by rail, Ijachine Canal and river from the 1st Jan to 3d Dec, 1884, with comparative receipts and shipments for corresponding period of 1833:— Wheat, bush Corn, bush Peas, bush Oat«, bush Barley, bush Kye, bush Flour, brls Oat and Cornmeal, brls. . . Ashes, brls Butter, kegs Cheese, bxs Pork, brls Lard, brls Beef, brls and tierces Dressed Hogs Tallow, brls Petroleum, brls and cases. Leather, rolls Meats, (Bacon, etc.) pkga. Total Receipts. Total Shipments. 1S84. 1883. 1884. 18K3. 5,106,679 5.099.774 3.840,998 1,993,459 3,.5.59,151 4,.544.ni7 3,289.2(X) 4,209,62.5 1,867.129 l,.->.5-t.l38 1,849,459 1,,573.1(;6 825,318 465.6.">1 2.59.CM)7 1.55.403 226.089 224.112 95.649 140.847 12t),121 220,3.^6 145.78:1 175.9(iO 1,107.698 921 .4,'lii'lii>;an Huron. .. Erie Ontario.. Length. Miles. 4I>() ;«() 2.V) IK) Breadtli. Miles. iro '.to no «) tio Depth. Feet. soo r<)o aoo WW Klevntlon above sea. Feet. (WX) .'iTl .'id.'i Area in Sq. Miles. SL.'iOO 2-,',()()0 81,000 9,00t) 6,400 In addition, the province of Manitoba, and the North-west Territory is favored with a magnificent lake system of its own. discharging into tlie Arctic Ocean and Hudson's Bay. The names and size of these lakes are as follows: Winnipeg area S.-'iOO sq. ni above sea fM ft. I Winnenegosis. .area 1,0.3(5 sq. m above sea fi!)-' ft. Manitoba " 1,!XK) •' " 670" K'edar Lake •' 318 " " tlSM • Uaupliin Lake area IVO scpiare miles above sea 700 feet. lu the territoiy north of Quebec are also several large lakes, including Lake St. John and Mistassini, and around which the soil has been found suited for agricultural purposes. «2 CITY OF MONTREAL. The .St. Lawrence Kivcr and its connections have been improved by one of tlie most exten- sive and perfect system of canals ever constructed, affording continuous navigation for a distance of two thousand three hundred and eighty-four statute miles, as per the following distance table. statute Miles. Straits of Belle-Isle to Father Point 043 Father Point to Rimouski tl Rimoiiski t" Quebec 177 Quebec to Tliree Rivers (or tide-water) 74 Three Rivers to Montreal 80 Lachine Canal SJ Lachine to Beauhaniois 1.5} Beauhamois Canal 11} St. Cecile to Cornwall 3;!} Cornwall Canal lU River and Farreu's I'oint Canals 10^ Rapide I'lat Canal 4 River and I'oint Iroquois Canal 7i Statute Miles. Junction and Galops Canal 4^ Pre.seott to Kingston 661 Kinsston to Port Dalhousie 170 Port Dalhousie to Port Colborne (Welland Canal) ^ Port ColhoiTie to Ainherstljurg 233 AndierstlmrK to Windsor , 18 Windsor to Foot of St. Mary's Island S.'i Foot of St. Mary's Lsland to Sariiia !i3 Siirnia to Foot of St. .Joseph's Island 270 Foot of St. .Joseph's Island to Sault St. Mary 47 Sault St. Mary Canal 1 Head of Sault St. Mary to Pomt aux Pins 7 Point aux Pius to Uuluth 390 Total 3,3»t Add.to the above total of two thousand three hundred and eighty-four miles the distance of two thousand two hundred and thirty-four miles from the straits of Belleisle to Liverpool, and we have a total of continuous navigation, four thousand six hundred and eighteen miles in length, and extending from Duluth, Minnesota (the very heart of the continent), direct to Liverpool. The difference in level to be overcome to tidewater is about six thousand feet, the Canadian canals with a total number of fifty-three locks representing live hundred and thirty-three and one-fourth feet, while the Sault Ste. Marie Canal built by the United States to afford an outlet to Lake Superior, has one lock lifting eighteen feet. The size of the locks in this system ranges from two hundred to two hundred and seventy feet in length, by forty-five feet in width. The depth of water is from nine to fourteen feet and the (rovernment intends to make the whole route lit for vessels drawing from twelve to fourteen feet. Of all the artificial works above referred to that of the Lachine Canal is of the most Importance to Montreal, as without it there could be no ascent of the river by vessels of any kind. The llrst eft'ort to overcome th« Lachine liapids was made last century, by digging a canal for boats and batteaux via Kiver St. Pierre to ilontreal, depth of water, two and one- half feet. The Lachine barge canal was commenced in 1S21 and completed in 1825. Cost, *438,404; length, eight and one-fourth miles ; lockage, forty-four and one-half feet ; bottom width, twenty-eight feet— at water surface, forty-eight feet; seven locks, one hundred feet long, twenty feet wide, with four and one-half feet depth of water on sills. The ship canal was commenced in 184:] and completed in 1841t. Cost, $2,140,128; length, eight and a half miles; lockage, forty-four and a half fcot; l)()tt()m width, eighty feet— at water surface, one hundred .ind twenty feet; live locks, two hundred feet long, forty-five feet wide, with nine feet of water on sills. In IST.") the present eidarged ship lanal was commenced and has a length of eight and one quarter miles; lockage, forty-five feet. Summit level, Lachine to Cote St. Paul, five and three quarter miles long; mean width, one hundred aiul fifty feet. Thence downward to Mon- treal, three miles further, mean width two hundred feet; greatest depth, fifteen feet, with five locks each two hundred and seventy feet long, and forty-iivo feet wide in the chamber— three of which have fourteen feet depth of water on the sills, .and two at the lower entrance, together with adjoining basins between (hand Trunk Itailway at Point St. Charles and Har- bor of Montreal, arc adapted to vessels of eighteen feet draught. There are five swing bridges on i)iers of cut stone, having an opening forty-six feet wide on each side of centre for passage of vessels, and a water-vay, thirty-two feet wide, on both sides of canal. The lock walls throughout, also the basiu and dock-walls for one mile above lower ter- I CITY OF MONTREAL. 93 minus, are of cut stone laid in hydraulic cement mortar. Thence upwards for half-a-mile the dock-walls are of raniioni coursed masonry laid in cement mortar. Between the third ; • d fourth locks, a distance of one and a half miles, the side walls are of random coursed stone laid at ri^ht angles to a face inclination of two-thirds to one; summit level, for four and a half miles, faced on both sides with masonry. The entrance to Lake St. I,ouis is formed of crib-work haviujj; i)roper pier facilities. This mii<;nilicent waterway overcomes all the diliicultios of the Lachine Rapids, and at its foot lies the splendid harbor of Montreal. The harbor is situated on the north side of the River St. Lawi'cnce, nine hundred and eighty- six miles from the Straits of Belle Isle, and immediately below the Lachine Rapids, or in other woi'ds at the head of navigation in the part of the river level with the sea, and the high- est point to which the larger sea-going vessels can ascend to meet the vessels of the great inland lakes. We are indebted to the report of the chief engineer for the following succinct history of the harbor: Up to IS'2") there were only two small wharves in existence. They wore situated on the shore between what is now the Custom House Square, and the foot of the I^achine Canal, and had a frontage of about one thousand one hundred and twenty feet with about two feet depth of water at the lowest stage. In 1825, the year following the opening of the first Lachine Canal, the upjier wharf was replaced by the "canal — — , — — - , _^ wharf." which was extended to one thousand two hun- dred and sixty feet in length and placed in about live ' feet of w.iter. In 18IJ0 the " Harbor Commissions of Montie.al" were constituted for the management of the harbor, and by them the construction of the first regular system of wliaifage was xuulertakcn. IJctwccii 1830 and 18;}2 several of the present wharves, including the Island wharf, and those immediately above and below it, were built of piles, with from five to twenty feet of water in front of them. They replaced the re- mainder of the original shallow water wharves and ii;- creased the wharfage to an aggregate frontage of foui thousand nine hundred and fifty feet, or nearly a mile. No further additions were made until 1840, but in that and the following six years extensions were made both above and below those of 18^0 and 18;)-2, increasing tlie total frontage to 7070 feet or l.rj.j miles. The basins of the eidarged Lachine Canal, opened in the spring of 184S, supplied a consider- able extent of wharfage, but in the harbor proper excepting two new wharves built in ten feet of water in the then lower part, no further additions w^ere made to the wharfage until 1850. Dredging operations which had boon undertaken for the deepening of the river below the city were by that time sufliciently advanced to allow of vessels reaching Montreal with a draft of thirteen feet at ordinary low water, instead of eleven feet as before; and it was then also determined to continue the deepening of the ship channel. A regular line of large steamers between ^fontreal and Liverpool had als() been established, and the necessity for deep water wharfage which thus arose was met l;y the construction in 1.85(5 of the llochelaga Wharf in twenty feet of water, at the lower limits of the city and below the current St. Mary. The deepening of the shallow upper parts of the harbor, and tlie rc-building of some of the old wharves to a greater depth, were also undertaken about the same time. The deepen- ing and improvement of the ccntr.al part of the harbor and the extension of its wharves up- ward and downward have been regularly carried on to the present time, as the deepening of View OH the St. Intvrence. «4 CITY OF MONTREAL. I the sliip channel and the increase of trade demanded, until there is now an unbroken line of wharves from Point St. Charles to Ilochelaga of four miles. At the date of confederation, which was shortly after the ship channel had been deepened to twenty feet at ordinary low water, the wharfage was of the following extent: — In twenty feet depth of water, 1"30 miles; under twenty feet of water, r78 miles. Total, 3"17. At the close of the fiscal year, 30th June, 1882, the extent was as follows: — In twcnty-iive feet depth of water, 1(),4.j8 lineal feet; in twenty feet depth of water, 2.']91 lineal feet; in ten to twenty feet depth of water (including Longuo Toint Wharf), 51)00 lineal feet. Total, 24,809 lineal feet, or 4'7 miles. In 1885 the whole length of wharfage presents a better state of repair and general adapta- tion to the requirements of a trade emporium like Montreal than ever seen before. During the season of 1884, the dredging j)lant was employed in cleaning out the main channel and the fiteanisliip basins to twenty-seven feet six inches at low water to keep pace with the deei)en- ing of the ship channel to the same mark. As already stated, the earlier wharves were built of piles placed in a close row in front, and secured to framing in rear, and also backed solid with earth and stone filling. From 184(i to 1878 the wharves were built exclusively of crib-work, strongly framed of pine and other suita- ble timber, and filled and backed with stone ballast or with ordinary dredgings from the har- bor. Since 1878 open pile work has been used for some wharves, in sites not exposed to vio- lent shoving of ice, or for enlargement of existing wharves; but the use of crib-work for the more important wharves has been continued. All the wharves are entirely submerged in winter, and owing doubtless to this the timber is of unusual durability. Some pile wharves of 18-30, which are in deep water, and therefore did not need to bo superseded, are still in use. The crib-work wharves are found to suffer no se- rious decay for about fifteen or twenty years, and then only to a depth about half way be- tween tiie top and the low water line. At the date of confederation, the indebtedness of the harbor of Montreal was about .$1,120.- 000; since that time there has been expended on the harbor proper over $1,520,000, making in all $2,040,000; the present indebtedness is $1,881,000, being a difference of $705,000, which has been paid out of the revenue. More than this sum has, however, been expended out of the revenue; and the total cost of the harbor of Montreal, extending from the Iliver St. Pierre to Longue Point, was at the close of 1882 about $3,000,000. The whole of this has been provided by the Harbor Commissioners, and the interest on the boi'rowed portion is met by the dues levied upon vessels and their cargoes. The sliip channel of the IJiver St. Lawrence between ^lontreal and Quebec has been im- proved and deepened to twenty-five feet at lowest stage of water at a cost of $4,108,470 and steamships of the largest class now come direct to the wharves with their cargoes. IJy Act of Parliament a further deepeiung of two and one half feet is being proceeded with at an es- timated cost of $000,000, loaned by the government at four per cent. This sum will makeup a total expenditure of $5,008,470 to procure a depth of twenty-seven and a half feet at h)w water. Add to that sum the cost of harbor improvements, and the amount of over .$8,000,000 will have been expended in facilitating the entrance of every class of sea-going craft to tiie Port of Montreal. The commerce of the port is, from year to year, becoming restricted to steamships, there being thirteen regular lines, besides transient steamers, coming up to the harbor iluring the season of navigation. The following is a list of them: — •Name of Line. From Montreal to Agents at Montreal. Allan Line Livorpool Messra. H. iS: A. Allan. do Gla.S};ow " " " Dominion Line LiverjKiol " P. Torrance & Co. Beaver IJne Liverpool " H. E. Murray. CITY OF MONTREAL. 96 Name of Line. From Montreal to Afi^euts at Montreal. Donaldson Clyde Line Glasgow Messers U. Reford & Co. (ireftt Western Avoumouth Dock " '" " Hoss Line London " " " Tlionison Line Lomlon.Newcastle, and Mediterranean " " " White Cross Line Antwern " Munderloh & Co. lira/.ilian Line .... Havre, J{i() Janeiro, etc " W. U. Bentley & Co. Kurues.s Liiii* Newi'astle " J. O. Sidey. (iulf I'ort Line Miiritiuie Province Ports " D. Sliaw. lilack Diamond Line Sydney and St. John's " Kingman, Brown & Co. This radiciil ilianno in the kind of vessels which hring imvard and take outward the mer- chandise of Canada, is, in tlie most natural and easy manner, solving a question that was a diflicult one, when ocean transportation was ett'ected by sailing vessels, — viz., towage. The cost of this service was often imposed in an arbitrary and burdensome manner, not infrequently 71 .v>i,r,!i-.' O04,aa s 1,744,772 30,3;!4,!H)4 a(i,4lil,18.S 2U.:«4.312 S7,277,1.J'J s 7,174,7R0 37.IO;i,H(ill 43,,'U(i,H21 41(,74!t.4(il 73,718,i>l'J $ l.00i».i->(i.») I8H0 r),-j:«,7s;iKi) IHSl 7,t;7i,-,'iiU.17 1S8;J 8,3i»r),ti.-)3.07 ISSj 7,0'.w,7m).ia During the season of navigation for liS84 the following statistics give a comparison with those of 188.1. The number of sea-going vessels arriving in port was 448 against 422 in 188.'}; inland vessels of all kinds, 44T;> against 5098 in 1883. The total arrivals of craft in harbor may be classified as: schooners, 08 against 88 in 1883; brigantines, 12 against 14 in 1883; brigs, .3 against 7 in 188.3; barques, 80 against 70 in 1883; sailing ships, full rigged, 2 again.st 3; steamships, 422 against 448. Total arrivals, 5.87 against 030 in 1883. The returns ot the lumber trade show that 24,300,778 feet were exported to South America, and r)4,(i31,500 feet to Europe. The luimber of horned cattle that passed over the wharves from the opening of navigation to 30th October, was 43,420 head; sheep, .37,100. There were 341,rXi3 barrels of flour, 44.20."> barrels of oatmeal, 03,9uu kegs butter, and 03,487 boxes cheese handled on the wharves. There were 3,:!41,431 bushels wheat, 2,055,443 bushels corn, 1,270,7-57 peas, 193,108, bushels oats and 144,297 bushels of rye exported. As regards the volume of imported merchandise at Montreal during the season of naviga- tion, the Chairman of the Harbor Commissioners (Andrew Robertson, Esq.), made an interest- ing and imi)ortant statement at a recent meeting of the Trust, as follows: — " At my rciiuest returns have been fui'nished mo by all the leading steamship ci'npanies trading t(j this port, from which I lind that of every hundred tons of goods they carru U from Europe to this side, the following were the proportions : — Per cent. Landed at Quebec, for Qtieliec !>0i L.tnded at Point Levis, tor Western points 'JHl Landed at Jlontreal, for Western points 2,5'tlO Landed at Montreal, for Montreal G(i51 Total 10000 ■ *' Or, put it in another way: — 1 estimate that there was landed — Tons. At Queljec, for Quebec ^5,000 At Point Levis, for Western points 1,5,000 At Montreal, for Western points 187,500 At Montreal, for Montreal 33a,,')00 Total 500,0(X) " Of the outward-bound cargoes there was ninety-one per cent, put on board at Montreal, and nine per cent, at Quebec. This would give, at same estimate, 455,000 tons from Montreal Ofi CI TV OF MONTUKAL and 45,0(X) tons from Quebec. It is estimated tliat to deepen tlie canals on the St. Lawrence' to twelve lect, the expenditure will not be less tliiin ei^^lit or nine millions of dollars; and, as- suming propellers can then reaili Montreal drawing eleven feet of water, 1 have been assured, on g(jod authority, that the large freight ships can carry the cargo of these propellers down to Quebec at one-third the cost of the i)ropeller." With reference to the Hem "Landed at Point Levis, for Western points, 2"81 per cent," it is not improbable that this merchandise was for i)oints to the eastward of Montreal. The subjoined statement shows the total values of imports and exports at the I'ort of Mon- treal during the past six fiscal years, also the amounts of customs duty collected. The last colunm indicates what is the proportion of the entire customs revenue of tlie Dominion derived from this port: — Year. IHTT-rs ISTH-Til i8ru-s() 1SK()-HI ISM SV' ISSy-Kj Viiliie of Imports. ar.Kii.wi'.i jii.'.iita.ixt) ■in.iwj.ri!) 48,011,199 Value of Exports. s a").i i4..').'vi ai.r»r.:«r ;i(),\;'j4.!KH :ii.<.i;ir.4io !;i(J,i)80,43J Duty Collected. :i.H-n.f<(M.r)7 4,(H>r.(ISfl.40 .').-j;«,rH:ii9 ;.(ir;.?.«.H'j 8,i(Hi,;«i.aK 8,1U1,8W.45 I'i'r cenlnKf "f total amount of Duty collectod in the l>oininioii. avvi 3T01 3731 ;' According to the foregoing figures, Montreal furnished the large sum of $27,205 for each of three hundred days, during the fiscal year ended 30th June, 1883. The haibor of JLontreal is in every way one of the best etpiipped in the world. Its shore line solidly constructed of masonry, and its revetment wall stretching along the edge of Com- missioners Street for miles, iianked on one side by rows of tall warehouses and on the other by the wharvc.-; below, present an animated spectacle, as the scores of steamers, propellers, ships, barques, brigs, schooners, barges and canal boats, are discharging or receiving freight. Direct connections .are also made by means of the wharf railway with the Canadian Pacific and Crand Trunk Itailroad to all parts of the continent, while at the western end of the port are the lock entrances to the canal basins, M'here will be found an equally gratifying scene of industry, the regular lines oi steamboats and barges, in addition to transient arriv.als. bring- ing down cargoes of Hour, grain, lumber and ore, and returning laden with imported mer- chandise, coal, and goods manufactured in the city. Montreal is geographically speaking, as well as regards her facilities, the nearest great port to Eui'ope. The distance from Liverpool to AVinnipcg, via the Kiver St. Lawrence, and by the route from Montreal, is shorter than that via \ew York, by 580 miles. From Antwerp, Piottei'dam, or Hamburg, the Canadian route is shorter than that via New York, by 520 miles. The nearest ocean port on the Atlantic side, to ports on the Pacific, is ^Eontreal; and Mon- treal is nearer to the nearest Asiatic ports than New York, as is shown by the following state- ment: — Miles in favor Miles, of Montreal. From Liveipool to Montreal 2.T90 '• Liverpool to New York . 3,tM0 S50 " Liverpool to Coal Harbor, via Montreal and Canada Pacitlc Railroad .'i.CSCi " Liverpool to San Francist'o, via New York C.KW 1,131 " Liverpool to Yokohama, via Alonirea) and Canada I'aoifie Railroad 11.019 " Liverpool to Y'okohama, via New Y"ork and San Kranoisco Vi.OtiS — 1,019 No commercial institution of the City of Montreal deservedly holds such nn important posi- tion as "The Montreal Board of Trade." Its etlorts to promote the commercial prosperity of the Canadian metropolis, and incidentally of the entire Dominion, have ever been based upon the highest plane of honor and sterling integrity; while its deliberations and conclusions have in- watch( cal and Counci with tli mitted enactni wishe The ti(mal Hugh mission facts as The r that it shippin; tion of of the G inspect! respecti Much fJTV OF MONT HEAL. 97 it U'.V) vaiiiibly niiidc manifest an intcllif^cnt and cuteiprisiny, and yet cunservativo policy, one which to a very liU},'c extent is the iecof,niized donnnant IVaturo of ^lontreal's eonnnercial f^rowth. 'J'ho most prominent, wealtliy and lionored of Montreal's importers and merchants have, (hninfi the lenj^thy period of the existence of this IJoard, been amon^ its active members, and have labored earnestly to develop the facilities of the city as a centre lor the trade of half a continent. Its inflnencc has been exerted to secure rarliamcnfary action of the most li))eral and ad- vanced character in rej^ard to the development of the country's syslein of canals; the exten- sion of its railway system; the opening up of its agricultural ami jiastoral lauds to the emi- grant; and the enactment of a tariff best calculated to advance and foster Canadian industries, which it at the same time should not cripple the i)roducer and exporter, ('oming down to local circles, the Board has made for itself a magnificent record, and in regard to harbor and river improvenu'uts, terminal facilities, and civic ordinances bearing upon its commerce, Montreal has ever stood in the van of an enlight- ened progress. The Montreal Board of Trade was organized in 1838, when Canada first began to figure as a large t xporter of bread stuffs, timber, ashes, etc., and in 1842 was duly incorporated as a body politic by Act of I'arliament, Montreal was iirst made a port of entry in 1S;32, and from that time forward became a favorite centre for both importers and exporters. A reference to the early records of the Board of Trade show '^'''""'^ ^'■""*' ^aiUvay Scene. how active its members were in formidating and discussing the series of enlightened mcas- nres which have since been found st> advantageous to Canadian, foreign and internal com- merce, and from the start the Board has been a recognized ptjwer in the land. A good idea may be gathered of the wide range and importance of the labors of the Board by reference to its annual report of 1883. It shows how closely the Council of the Board watched all the staple branches of trade, in addition to special labors of an eminently practi- cal and useful character. In regard to the ec^uitable distribution of insolvent estates, the Council took part in a conference with committees from the Boards of Toronto and Hamilton, with the eminently satisfactory result of uniting all parties upon a measure which was sub- mitted to the Cabinet at Ottawa by a deputation, which fully set forth the necessity for the enactment ■ f the measure, and Parliament then had before it the measure that best met the wishes of the representative mercantile elements of the nation. The Council likewise refers with gratification to the steady progress upon the great na- tional work of improving the channel of the St. Lawrence, and incorporates a report from Mr. Hugh McLennan, the member of the Board of Trade who represents it upon the Harbor Com- mission, giving an accurate resume of the work accomplished, and which embodies cheering facts as to the benefits accruing from this great undertaking. The report next refers to the attempt of the river pilots to obtain an Act of Incorporation; that it had been actively opposed by the Council the previous year in the interests of the shipping trade, and that it would continue to receive the closest attention. The whole ques- tion of grain inspection Avas receiving the careful attention of the Council, and the attention of the Government had been called to the desirability of a re-arrangement of wheat and grain inspection, and communications had also been received from the Inland Revenue Department respecting some modification of the general inspection law with a view to legislation. Much inconvenience and many complaints having arisen from difficulty in inspecting the S8 C I r V OP MONTREAL, large quantities of tlHii urriving iiuru lute io A\ituinn, aggravated by the very unequal quality fouud in barrels bniiiiled in Newfoundland as Nd. 1, the Council Lad given (he matter much cousideratlou and was laboring to place this important trade in a position more satisfactory to iucrchants and consumers alike. The Montreal Corn Exchange AMsoeiation. The Alontrcal Corn Exchange Association is one of the leading and most iuQucntial commercial organizations in tlie Canadian metropolis, ll lias been in e.\i!>lence for over a quarter of a century, and has a membership-roll containing tlie names of one hundred and llfty of the wealthiest and leading mercliants in tiie city. Since its inception it lias invariably taken a lively interest in every tnovement lliat has for its object the advancement of the prosperity of Montreal, and has, by its enterprise and intlueuce, contributed a liberal share to llie well-being and importance of the community at large. The admini-slration of its tilfairs is perfect, being in tlie hands of men of stability and sterling worth, which places tlie Association in the front rank of commercial i)rogress. Recently a bill has been drawn up to be snbnnlled to Parliament, the etfect of which will unite the Association and the Board of Trade into one iiicorporalcd body, under the name of the latw-r. Tiie Ikmrd of Trade will thus be enabled to assume many of the functions of the Corn Exchange Association, altliougb allowing that body to retain its organization, constituting an auxiliary institution, eiich member being necessarily a member of tlie Hoard of Trade, admission being virtually through it. This step gives the Association a position of increased importance, together with the fact that general trade in the city has been gieatly improved since the comi)leti()n of the Canadian Pacilic Railway, which connects by a direct line, on entirely Canadian territory, the Atlantic and Pacific provinces, and which provides not only immigrants and merchandise witli speedy access to the Northwest and British Columbia, but affords settlers in the heart of the Dominion, facilities for the sliipment of produce to Atlantic ports now, and to Pacific ports in the near future. The present Cummitlec of Maiutfjeinent of the Association is composed as follows: President, John Magor; Treasurer, D. Robertson; John Baird, Clias. Dnmimond, R. M. Esdaile, Edgar Judge, II. Labelle, John Ogilvie, S. St. Onge. Board of Uericic : Chairman, Cbas. II. Gould; G. M.King- horn, Jas. E. Kirkpatrick, J. 0. Lafrcniere, D. J. Reos, Robert Simms. Tlie Nenspaper Press of the Metropolis. The oldest newspaper in the city is the Montreal Guzette, which was founded in 1778 by James Brown, and originally printed in both languages. It early attained prominence, and soon exerted a marked inlhience in the political affairs of the country. Of late years, under the nble management of Jlessrs. Thomas and Ricliard White, it is the recognized organ of the Conservative Government in the Province of Quebec, and, in fact, the Dominion. It is a bold cxiionenl of the National Policy as a protection for Canada's young industries, and speaks authoritatively on all questions touching the administration of Sir John A. Macdonald. Hon. Thomas White, M.P., recently retired from any active control, having been taken into the Dominion Cabinet as Minister of the Interior, upon which occasion he was the recipient of many flattering addresses, etc., tendered by leading citizens of all political parties, who recog- nized in him a man of sterling ability and worth. The honorable gentleman is a clear and eloquent speaker, and as a journalist stands in the foremost rank of Canadian litterateurs. Mr. Richard White, upon whom the business management now devolves, is a man of thorough com- mercial capacity and integrity, fully competent to fill the responsible position which he holds as Managing Director of the Gazette Printing and Publishing Company. He is active and push- ing, and has organized the best equipped establishment for job, book, commercial, or newspaper printing, lithographing, stereotyping, etc., in Canada. Mr. Robert White, a son of the Hon. Thomas White, at present presides over the edi- torial, columns of the paper, and, although a young man, is regarded by the craft as one of the most brilliant and talented journalists in the D(nniuion. The Gazette is a large and neatly arranged sheet, has an extensive circulation in both Prov- inces, and enjoys a lucrative advertising patronage. The Herald is a leading Liberal organ and an enterprising morning journal. It has long been noted for the fulness and reliability of its commercial and financial news, as well as for the crisp and spicy character of its editorial and local matters. spicy mauair strugu It has weekly Cathol TU iug joi about fluencc membe local a L(. Jlr. H. elected stanch spicy n L' ago, a ranks i LM •center CITY OP MONTREAL. 90 As a loyal exponent of just views, it has often made Tory leaders feel its weight; and when binder tlic direction of the late Hon. Mr. I'enny, contributed not u little to the overthrow of the Sir John Macdonuld adniini.stnition uf those days. Mr. John Liviugsloue is now its eiiiloritil guide. He is a thorough journalist and an accom- pli.shcd scholiir, and siuco having control of its editorial columns has done much to advance the interests of the pii))er. The Herald is now owned by a stock company, of which the Hon. Peter Mitchell, M.P., is President. He is an able stuteaman, holding, a few years ago, the important po.sition of Minister of Marine and Fisheries. The Herald contains all the Associated I'res.s despatches, as well as special correspondence from Ollawa, Quebec, and Toronto, several of the American centres, and is, in every respect, a well gotten up modern newspaper. Its circulation is large and its adver- tising spaces extensively occupied. The Montreal Witnesx, almost universally known as " the only religious daily," is a reliable and flourishing evening newspaper, and wields a powerful influence among the Protestant population of the city anJ. Province. It has had a remaikable and creditable career, and is respected by all classes and creeds in the community. It is an unflinching advocate of temperance principles, and furnishes, \ ith its well .selected evangelical reading, all the news of the day, including the latest telegraphic despatches and current local items and commercial and financial re])orts. Established over thirty years ago by Mr. John Dougall, it has fulfilled a great mission, and has now a bona fide circulation of lietween fourteen and fifteen tliou^^and daily. Tlie Weekly Witmxx has an enormous circulation Ihrougliout the Donunion, and is a pure and healthy journal. Mr. John Hedpath Dougall is Uie editor, and has a pithy as well as picturesque style of writing which make his short leaders exceedingly readable and interesting. The paper is sold for one cent. The job and news- paper printing (ieparlnieiit is one of the best equipped establislunents of the kind in the country. The Star is probably the most pushing of its contemporaries in the matter of circulation, and has a thrifty and flourishing advertising patronage. It is pusliiiig and enterprising, and is noted for its " special cablegrams," United Stales despatclies, as well as a profuse collection of political, local and commercial news. Its energetic proprietor, Jlr. Hugh Graham, has succeeded in placing The Star at the top of the list of Canadian new.spapcrs, as far as circulation is concerned, it having now a sworn circulation of 25,000 copies daily. It is ably edited and contains many special departments of interest, well selected "shearings," and a fair sprinkling of fiction It publishes a double edition on Saturday, and sells for one cent. The Famibi Herald is its week ;: edition. The Post is the organ of the Irish Catliolics of the Dominion, a.ic is a ver^' neat, well written and spicy evening paper. It is publislied by the Post Printing and P ,blishiug Company, under the management of Mr. John P. Whelan, and has a talented staff of t.( , torial writers. It had a severe struggle for existence some six years ago, but is now regarded to 1 ; on a sound liuancial footing. It has a circulation of about ten thousand copies daily, and has a 1 o ral advertising patronage. Its weekly edition is the I'riie Witness, established over fifty years ag ), and is the champion of the Catholic cause in Canada. The French press in the Province of Quebec is a very powerful jii.ititution, and among the lead- ing journals is La Jlinerre, the oldest newspaper in the language in Montreal. It was established about fifty-five years ago, and in its lime, and even at the present, wields a powerful political in- fluence. Its editor and proprietor, Mr. Joseph Tasse, M.P., is an able writer and a prominent member of the Conservative party. La Minerve contains all the latest Associated Press despatches, local and conunercial news, and has a good circulation and paying advertisements. La Patric is probably the most enterprising of the French press. Its editor and proprietor, Mr. H. Beaugrand, is a French American, and is remarkable for push and energy. He was recently elected, for a second terra. Mayor of the city, being very popular among all classes. He is a stanch Liberal, and In him the Conservatives And a foeman worthy of their steel. His paper is spicy and well gotten up, and, like its proprietor, is bright and a credit to the city. U Entendard was founded as a new Catholic organ, by Mr. F. X. A. Trundel, about three years ago, and has since proved a success. It is published daily, and, in point of literar}' excellence, ranks among the foremost. La Monde, published bj' the Hon. Mr. Langevin, has a wide field of usefulness, and, like its contemporaries, is in a good paying condition. It has a rapidly increasing circulation. 100 MONTREAL'S LEADING INDU8TRIE8. made to order in mI.x hours. Mr. Q. Mnrlinwiu in tlii; popular inaniiiter. Ui'^iilcs the usual line of rcaily-inadp (foods, which comiirise all the various styles and fashions in all the most dosirahio t'ahrips for mon, hoys and ehihiron. He also makes clothintf to order aceordinn to the latest fashion, at moilerate prices, which are out, t'rimmcd mid liiiished in a stylo not surpassed. The heail cutter of the house is Mr. Isidore DraRon, a Rontleman nhirwilh the puhlio, and who always makes it his aim to please all who deal with (he house. Mr. linrhcau is a French Canadian, and as a husiness man nhv.iys enjoys the rcRard and esleen) of the whole com- munity. He has had u wide and vulualile experience in travel and associalion with husiness in various cities, and his natural taste and observation have eminently titted him for the leading position ho holds in this branch cd' the city's induHtrios and buniiiess onterprisoa. T. R. nnrltpnii. Clothier, ISW Notre Dame Ptreef.— One of Montronl'H ureiit industries is the manufacture of clothiiiK, and the entorprisu exhibited by those eiiRaRed in it is at oncu an evidence that i; larvu I rado Im carried on. AmonK the prominent represciiliitive dealers in tho business is Mr. T. it. Jliir- 1m uu, who has a baiulsomo establishment al No. ISltil Notre I>anu! .Mirect. Mr. r.iirbeau is a nnin of eneruy, ability, and perseverance, and has established a hii'KU custom, his repulalioii bciuK such as to it'iyi' him a wiile popularity ns an lic'iiorable, reliable business mnii. He has only the best class of fancy and I iiiily made clothing, and at the Kxliibilioii in the sumnur of iHMl received nolil and silver medals, diploi'a and >even prizes lor (be best Roods and excel- lence and fineness of finish. Mr. Itarbeau is the only man in the tnido in Mon- ti( 111 who has ever been the recipieni of similar honors. His establishment is e(|iiiil to that of the foremosl KiiRlish houses, his siiecialilios beiuR, 1st, (ioods well selected ; 'iiid, Only but lirst-idass IuiiuIh employed ; :ii(l. Furs of uU kindg„ wholesale and retail, and llh. Suits are D. A. Jlp^'nHklll Jk Co., Manufacturers of Varn- islies and .Jai)ans. Ollico, l!t() St. James Street; Factory and Warehouse, 641, GC! and f>45 Albert Street, St. Cune- Roinlc. — Tlii^re are few lines of manufacture in which the excellence of the product is so vital a condition of success as in tho varnish trade. Consumers arc riRid in their requirements as to qualify, and they readily rccoRuize tho merits of those concerns where a uniform and suiierior quality is always obtaiimble. In Montreal there are several cngaRed in the manufacture of varnish, and the most promi- nont and important amoiiRthom is Mr.D.A. McCaskill, who occupies premises, which he owns, on Albert Street, in the town of St. CuncRonde. The buildiiiR is one con- structed of brick in the best manner, and is equipped with all tho latest improved appliances necessary for con- ductiuR tho business. The entire mauufacturinR is under the supervision of a practical chemist who has had amiile experience, and is enabled to produce the finest and best qualities coach and carriiiRO varnishes, and also japans. His goods are always of a uniform quality, and are the best manufactured on this Continent. Mr. McCaskill has esta- blished a largo trade extending to all the commercial centres of Canada, and those who are interested in varn- ishes and japans will serve their own interests by examin- ing tho quality and prices of his goods before placing their orders, and they may feel assured of their being filled with promptness. The firm were awarded silver medal at St. John, N.B., in 1883; silver and bronze medal in Montreal, 1884; silver medal and diploma at Toronto, 1885, all against keen competition, and are the only silver medals awarded to Canadian varnish. All the carriages 'eaving Montreal and tho eastern part of the provinces for the Indian and Colonial Exhibition in Ixindon, have been finished with McCaskill's celebrated varnishes. Suppliers to the largest railway corporations. Mr. McCaskill has resided in Montreal many years, and as a business man and citizen enjoys tho confidence and esteem of the trade and tho whole community. .Miliar A IliKtrin*, Successors to T. Starr, Royal VietoriaSlables,(.)tlice and Stables, !i7 and 00 Jurors St., Express, Livery, Hoarding and Sale Stables, Telephone Connection.— Olio (d' tho ir )st popular and iiromincnt amoiiR the tirst-class livery and boarding stables in Mon- treal are thoseowncd and conducted by the firm of Miller it JliRgiiis, and known as the Itoya I Victoria Stables, and braiic-h stable at 7." Ilermine St., oiiposito Victoria Square. The business was established by T. Starr, who carried it on for some years and was succeeded by the firm of U, J, McNally & Co., and since 1884 has been conducted by the presetit firm. Messrs. Alillcr and Higgins have had a long experience in the business and have the liiiest and largest stables and the best accommodation for horses in the city. Every attention is given to horses left in their charge, which arc boarded by the day, week or month upon the most reasonable terms. Experienced grooms only aro employed, and as regards facilities, convenicnco and ven- tilation, the stables are among the best in Montreal or vicinity. Messrs. Miller it Iliggins have in their care a number of horses belonging to the leading citizens, by whom they are highly recommended as being careful and reliable business men, who personally sui)eriiitend the management of the stables and all affairs connected with their business. In the livery department they furnish spirited, stylish, driving horses and fasliionablo carriages and sleighs, and when desired, careful, reliable drivers. The turnouts from the Roj-al Victoria Stables aro not sur- passed, and the rates of charge will bo found very reason- able. The firm also have large coaches and sleighs for parties, for two or four horses, and also buy and sell horses, carriages and sleighs. Mr. James Miller is from the State of Miissachussetts, and Mr. Iliggins has resi- ded in tho city many years. They aro both popular as citizens, and enjoy tho distinguished consideration of the whole community. They do a largo business, and their patrons are derived from the leading, fashionable and best citizens. UEPRE8ENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. 101 Dominion lN, HuntiinK in l^oniiocliiiM witli llic lliilwiiy !<.v., (ioiii'ral Anniitc, Nn. IH lloniiitiil Stroiit.— Mimln^al is 1)110 of tlio iniint iiii|ii>rtiint sliippiim ODrtt III) th\n RDiiHiiuiit, iinil luis Huvunil liiius of fainoiH uooaii fltuaiii-'liip.'*, which for comfort ami ii|ii)ucl aro not surpaH-KMl, Am iriK III" Mio-it iiotuil of tliono !:< thu Domi- nion l.iiU!, |)l.viii;i bolwiMMi Montroal, (Jiiohiso and l/iviT- pool, which was o.^tahli-hml aliimt IS7'2, ami ha.i from that tiin<< uiijovoil a wiilo iioimlnritv anions piL^sciiucrH and .iliililiorH. Tlio lino orii;inji'cd in liivorpool with Ihu llrm of Flinn. Main A .Montgomery, and they unlir4t('d tho uo- oporatioii of tiiu linn of David Torraiicu A Co., whuito senior liarl for many y<>arg provioiiKly been ongatted In ,;„orcaiililu pursuit." mii'I oxlon^'ivi'ly ciini'i'i-ncd in lh(^ '"niand shippinsr triidr, ;is w<'ll :ih lii'in« ric.>i.i';nt of tho liani{ of Montroal. After the dccoaso of Mr. Torranoo ill ISTO, Mr. Cniinp, wlio li.id for some year.^ previous boon connected with tlio Caiiadii .Sliippins; Company, as ,'il director in tliat company, in conno'tiou with Mr. John Torrance, carried on iho aj?oncy of tliu lino.whicli lias .since bec;iiuo famili;ir a.s the "Dominion liino," and jno of tho most important of the "ocean fcrrii^s." Tho Tosael.s aro all staunch, s.ifo anl commodious, and their nohlo dimensions and lino-lines are ureatly aiinii rcil, 'i'licy aro oonstrnotod of iron, and furnished witli every modern oonvcnionco and every improvement that experience could suggest. Tho following vessels comi)Oso tlie lleet of thollino : — Vancouver, .5,700 tons ; OreKon, .J.Hjo ; Montreal, 3,284: Ontario, .■5,170: Texas. 2,700; Sarnia, ;i,S.V) : Tor- onto, 3,281 ; Dominion, .'i,17ij ; tiuobee, 2,700 ; Jliasis- sippi, 2,080. And, among tliem, tho Oregon, Vancouver and Sarnia have llie saloon, niusio ruoni, .stato rooms, smoking room and batli rooms amid.ships, wliero but little motion is felt, and .■ire luxuriously fitted up. Tliey ar^ flrst class in every respect, and eniial to any of the Heat- ing palaces tliat cross tlio Nortli Atlantic. Tlie " \'an- aouver" is lighted liy electric light, and has proved her- self ono of tho fastest steamers in tho Atlantic trade, and they carry neither sheep nor cattle. All tho vessels are in charge of exiierieneed ollicers, and are fully oiinip- ped and furnished with every convonieneo for the safety and comfort of passengers. Weekly trips aro made be- tween Montival, Quebec and Liverpool during the sum- mer, and in the winter, the vessels sail from Portland, run- ning in connection with tho (hand Trunk Jlailway, and passengers are carried as low as by any other transatlantic lino. Care and attenlion are given to immigrants, and special arrangements for their conilbrt have boon care- fully studied, the steerages being lofty and well venti- lated. In this connection, it may bo said that the De- partment of Immigration have always received from the Dominion Lino aciive co-ojieration and support in its .;>olioy — a fact which liius fretiuently been referred to and acknowledged by the present minister, lion. J. II. Pope. I Through tiekoti oan ho had at all tho principal Rail- I way ticket oflleex In Ojinnila, and through bills of lading ' are granted In and from all piirts of Canada. For freight or pasango apply in London to .Mellwniith, MeDaohron .fe Co,, •"> Fonchiirch street; in Liverpool, to Flinii, Main it Montgomery, 21 .lames street; in liueboe, to W. M. .MaepliiTsim ; at all (Irand Trunk llailway ollleos ; or to \V. I). O'lirien. 11,'t St. .lames street. Davicj Torranoo ilc Co., (ieneral .Agents, 18 Hospital strc<-t, Montroal. Tho President of the Company in Liveriio(d is Henry Flinn, I Ksi|., and tho managing directors are Flinn, Main A .Mont- gomery, Iliirvey Ituildiiigs, 21 James street Mr. .lohn Torranoo, tho surviving partner of the tirm of David Torrance A Co. is a prominent anil inllucntial citizen of Mentreiil, and conspiciiouH in commercial circles. Dur- ing the winlir the llrm have an olliee at , Portland, M.'iine. Tlio Dominion Lino of sleiiiners liave been of incalculable adviintiige (o .Montreal ; and tho com- ]>:iny lias, in no small degree, by its operations, materially assisted in giving tho city its importance as tho great eommcrcial metro|iolis of Hritish North Amcrioii, — and wo predict for tho company a brilliant future under the able and courteous management of the present (ieneral .Agents. AnderNon, McKonzIci <& <;o.. Steamship Agents, Commission Merchants and Forwarders, .Ship Brokers, 227 Commissioners Street.— Cable address, " Quoboo." , Watkins and Scott's codes used. Among tho most pro- miiiont firms in tlio city engaged in business as steamship agents anil commission merchants, forwarders and ship brokers, is tliat of Anderson, .Melvon/.io & Co., who have given it their special attention for many years. Tho firm receive consignments and also ship merchandise and commodities, and charter vessels to all parts of tho world. I They are particularly engaged in tho export deal, lumber, . and phosphate trade, and of tho shipments made from •Montreal during tho past year ending in Novem- ber, wore directly or indirectly concerned with most of the operations. In tho shipment of deals .to tho United Kingdom, no loss than 138 steamers and fifteen , sailing vessels were employed, and to South Amorioa seventy-six sailing vessels were requircd.and tho shipment ■ of phosphate was mado by sixty-one steamers and eight . s tiling vessels. Of the total shipments of lumber, .3,246,- I 580.15 Quebec standard, or 8!l,280.050 feet board measure. ; 1,5.J2,3',)0-12 Q.S., or 42,140,800 feet was forwarded on account of the merchants of the city of Quebec, while 370,804 IJ.S. or 10,440,315 feet were shipped on account of , Knglish firms. Messrs. Anderson and MclCenzie wore I extensively eneagcd as shipping merchants in these ship- 1 monts, and in tliis special trade those transactions were larger than any other in the city. In their lino of business I every attention is promptly given to all business entrusted I to them, and as tho house is well and favorably known in tho city, at Quebec, at all tho ports in tho United King- dom, and at South American ports, tho advantages it oft'ered aro availed of by home merchants and foreign sliipiers, who find that implicit confidence can be placed in it and that transactions or operations will receive that attcniioD they demand. Mr. Dickson Anderson is an esteemed representative merchant and citizen of Montreal, 102 MONTEEAL'S LEADING INr^USTRI ES. and as a business man is active, onterprising, and f 08- torod and promoted every enterprise that is for the benefit of its commerce, and that aim to add to its importance as the commercial metropolis of the Dominion- The Slontreal Stock Yards (;oni|inny.— ThoJ Montreal Horse Kxchantto Driving Park (J rounds cover an area of about 2C acrec, adjiicoiit to tho (Jrand Trunk railway yards and general ollices at Point Ht. Charles, Montreal, iind within five minutes walk of tho steamsliip wharves, I hiis afl'ording unrivalled fiioilities to those engaged in tho live stock inul horse business. Tho stock yards arc under tlie manHgeracnt of Mr, C. M. Acer, President and Managing Director Exchange Hotel, and to his enterprise may be attributed the phenomenal success of not only the Stock Yards, Horse Excliange and Exchange Hotel, but, in a large measure, the cattle export trade which has, of recent years, developed into- such gigantic proi)ortions. Mr. Acer, with tliat great per- ceptive power and forethouglil lor which he is noted, recognized thf importance of the cattle Iradc and the largo proportions it whs destined to assume, and con- scipiently ho set about buikling the stock yards, and as the trade devclopod, he iniprnvi'dand enlarged I hem, until, at the present writing, they stand far aheidoiiUiything of the kind in the Dominion, nine-tenths of tlic cattle coming into jMontreal passing througli tiicni. The (inind Trunk Railway runs into the yarils, so tlnit cattle and horses can be unloaded right into the stables. Every inducement and every facility is aflbrded to both cattle and horse men who patronize the yanls and exchange stables. Tli<> Moiilroal lfors<> Kxrliniisri' StaltloN nii«l Driving' I>!irl{, Point 8t. (.'harles, .lohn II. Kimball, Proprio'dv, — Tliis is one of tiio most popular amongst the cstablislied institutions in the city. It adjoins the Excliange Hot;'l and .''tock Yards. It was buiU and is owned by Jlr. C. M. Acer, who leases it to the well-known and popular horseman, Mr. .John Kimball. The stables are blinded and arc capable of accommodating i'>0 horses in ivell ventilated stables and boxes. Horses are bought and sold on connnission. Carriage, saddle, and imported horses and ponies, always on hand. The stables are sub- stantially built, and are provided wit !i all muderii improve- ments that will lend to the comfort of the animals left for sale. Attentive and trustworthy grooms are employed, and the whole establisnment \a under the immediate super- vision and management of Mr. Kimhall. There are a number of boxes set apart for horses thai arc training on the Driving Park. The track is alway. kept in tirst-clnss condition, and is pnaKainced by celebrateil horsemen to be one of flic best and fastest in Canada. Horses boarding at th(! stables have the privilege of training on the track, and gentlemen tnaii the city wlio wish to speed their horses can use the track by buying a season ticket at a nominal.priee. Asalready menlioncLl, the stables are easy of excess from railioads and steamers. They adjoin the Orand Trunk Railway, and are within five minutes walk of the steiimshii. wharves. Ahnost all tho imported horses pass thriiugh these stables, and intending importers wilt find it to their benefit to give the Ibirse Kxchangi' a trial. The Customs entries are nnide by Mr. KimI ill, thus saving importers trauble with tlie Cusii,.iis House autlmrities. Ail kinds of horses arc kept on band Cor sale. 10.'!^ horses were sold, and passeil Ihroiight hestablesdaringthe month Alareh, ISSfi. The Montreal Horse Excliange and Driving Park is a valuable acquisition tn Moniifal, and is receiv- ing that support tho enterprise of Mr. Acer, and the perseverance anil energetic management of Mr. Kimbull, the proprietor, justly de; erves. Horsemen and otiiers will find in Mr. Kimball a straightforward, courteous anil thoroughl;' rclia.yie business man. His charges art- moderate. JK REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. lOS trodo of the country. In 1870, Mr. .1 mno^ rctiriHl from the nrmiindwcMitto live at his country resi.lcnce in Cowans- villc, loaviMK the bufine.».s to hi.« sons, Mos-sr?. n. E. C. A. .laqucs. Tlie firm h ive a most .{.•■'inilJo l!; ..f .Montreal. He, have established a first-cbiss reputation for cnicioncy, therefore, leased the Exchange Hotel and closed the comfm-t, and speed. The California, Cuba and Armema Ainerioan House, and it is in no small nniusurc i hat the perform the Chicago service of the line : leaving Montrea Montreal Horse Kxchaiigo owes its success and its Con- [ every Tuesday, and giving passengers every opportunity ot tincntal fame as being one of the largest, best established i joeing Niagara Falls, and calling also at Toronto, < levo- and equipped horse mirkets in tho Doniiuion. The biisi- I ian>, under the name of Heiidersi>n .t Hooker, then Henderson Hooker & Co., Hooker & Holton, Hooker, Jaques & Co., Jaques, Tracy & Co., and since ISOH uiidei the name of U. E, .Taques & Co., and for many years has dcciipied the first place among th.oso who make a business of freight and passenger agenci-.s, and general forwarding in the inland Excellent a. comm.iilal'dn is provided I'"' ■"■-■7,. „:.,;.:,,„ of tourists, thus alVor. iiig a rare oppo ,iiity ot visiting some of tiie most varied and beautiful scenery o the C,,iitincnt of America at a very "''"''T"^',''' " V, . 1 vedTn ,„„.tners of liic linn are natives o Muni real, ''■'\';.;'7;J.jr the city all their lives, and are tli''>''''«'''>;. ''7, ' .'^ [,J^^^^^^ II known 1,1 social, ciunmert.ni.1 its inlerisis id 111 i.ioyi liey are we ■ ndiaieai circles, and are business men aiM citizens cnjolvr.m tiie i-i'pect and esteem ..f tho whole eomuumty. 104 MONTREAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. Ilndon, Ilchcrt A €lt'., (late J. Iludun & Co.,) Importers of (iroccrles, Wiiios, Liquors, I'rovisions, &o. Altar Winc.f, a spot-ialty ; wliolosiilc, 301-300 St. Paul and 143-141 Cominiasioiiers Streets. A representative grocery liouso in Montreal is that of the firm of Uudon, Ilcbert & Co., which is one of the stauueh enterprising firms whoso well directed efforts have greatly assisted in giving to tlio city proiniiicnco as the groat commercial contro of the Dominion. Tho limiso is con- ducted upon tho highest principles of commercial integrity and enjoys tliiit success accorded only to thoso whoso affairs are managed wi'h care and prudence. Tho house has been established for a number of years and controls a largo trade extending to several parts of tho Dominion. Tho building occupied by tho firm is an ornamental stone Btructuro, having a front on St. Paul street of a depth of upwards of 109 feet, extending through to Commissioners Street, facing tho river. It has six flats, and affords every convenience for tho storage of stock and buaiuosa divided into water tight compartments and are of special strength for tho North Atlantio tralo. In tho passenger departments tho most perfect provision has boon made to ensure tho comfort and convenience of all. In tho cabin the state-rooms aro large and airy. Tho steeriigo is fitted \"-'lh tho most approved Patent Canvas I'orths, andisfully ventilated and heated by steam. An experienced surgeon is oiirriod by each stonmor, also st'-wardassos to attend to the wants of female: and chil Iron. Tho vessels are powerful and malco quick passages from port to port, and tho Company aro always among tho first to introduce tho latest improvements that will add to tho service and to tho comfort of thoso who avail themselves of this lino in cross- ing tho ocean. Tho Company docs an ostonsive passenger and freight business and makes special provision for im- migrants, the accommodation for that class of passenger being aa comploto and perfect as any trausatl mtio steam- ships. Tho vessels call at Quecnstown or Belfast to em- bark passengers for Quebec or Montreal, counctting at these points by direct rail for all points in Canada and tho United States. Hates of passage— Cabin: s Now York to Liverpool, .^50 ; return, $00. Steer- age at lowest rates. For freight or other particu- lars, apply : Inliclfast, to A. A. Watt, 3 Custom House Square; in Queonstown, to N. G. Seymour & Co i in Liverpool, to R. W. Roberts, 21 Water St.; in New Vork to Arkell i Douglas, Kcmblo Buildings, or to II. E. Murray, Ueneral Manager, 1 Custom House Sr^uare, Montreal. Mr. Murray, tho general manager, is one of the popular enter- prising merchants and citizens of Montreal, and under his ablo direction tho business of tho Company is administered and tho traffic is con- stantly increasing with tho growing iwpulation of Canada and tho "States." purposes. Tlio c')-i>iirtncis aro .T. ITudon, C. P. TIcbcrt, L.Brault andll. Jarrct, allof whom aro business men of good standing in the community and hold exalted posi- tions in comnii. rcial circles ; and no other housi in (he city enjoys a higher dejrree of confidence and nspcct than Hudon, Ilebcrt it Co., which ranks among the very first in the grocery tnido in tho Dominiim. Tho fiiiu aro direct importers of ."tuple and fancy groceries, tiiblo deli- cacies and eoiulinient.-', hermetically scaled goods in tin and gl^s, and pnro wines and liquors; and, also, tho finest teas and colVces that aro brought into tho countiy, together with provisions, &.c. They make a specialty of altar wines, and can air ys quote the lowest prices to tho trade. Tho succe.-is which has attended the firmduringtheir business career is a matter of congratulation, and this ex- tensive business house is ono of tho largest .and most sub- St.antial in tho city. The mciuljers of the firm aro all active, progressive mcrcliants and public-spirited citizens, and are popular in financial, local and commercial affairs. Bvavcr I,liu>, tho Canada Shipping Co's, lino of Btcamcrs between .'Montreal and Liverpool, II. E. Murray, General ^Manager, Custuni llou.'^o Square. — The old estab- lished well known lieavcr Lino of steamships of the Canada Shipping Co. have been sailing betvveen Montreal and Liverpool fur nearly fifteen years in tho summer and from New York in winter. The fleet eiuni)ri!^cs the following first-class, powerful, .-^wift and safe Bteam.''iiips : Lake {superior, 5200 tons ; Lake Huron, 4100 tons; Lake Mani- toba, 3300 tons ; Lake Winnipeg, ;0)O tons ; LakoNcpigon, 2300 tons; Lake Champiain, 2300 Ions, These vessels aro all first-class Clyde built ships, constructed of iron and arc ^ MorlU lirltisli ami IlSercuutiltt Fire and Ijife iitHiirnitoo Company. OlEccs, (5 1 Princes Street, Edirdjurgh ; and Gl Threadiieedlo Street, London.— Head Offices, for tho Dominion, No. 78 St. Francois Xavicr Street, Montreal. Thomas Davidson, Managing Director. The subject of insurance is an imiJortant one, which comes homo to every intelligent Ijoisoa an I about its necessity as a measuro of security there can bo no question. There arc many insuranco com- panies doing business in tho Dominion that aro entitled to public confidence, but nono among them nioro justly than the old tinie-trieil North Uritish and Mercantile Insuranco Co. of Edinburgh and London. The company was incorporated by Iloyal Cliartcr in ISOP, and enjoys a record of which any company might bo pi'oud. It is a record of trust fulfilled and confidence deserved, of wise and intelligent and economical administration that entitles it to tho appreciation and support of tho public. It is an eminently safe company to insure in, its r.ates aro roaaon- ablu and tho security affo'ibd nncxceptionablo. Tho business of thocompany inclu los Fire and Life Insuranco, and through tho agents in all the commercial centres of the Dominion a largo biisincss is being carried on. The capital resources of the coniiiany aro: Authorized capital, £3,000,080 stg. ; subscribed, £2,0IX),')0) stg. ; paid-up, X02J,OOi) stg. ; Uro fund and roservjs at 3Ist December 18Sl,£l,5,ir,J25 9s. (Id.; life and annuity funds, £3,991,602 2s. 3d. ; revenue, firo branch, £l,2)l,0i>j lis. Ud. ; life and annuity branches, £53T,">ol 8j. 8d. William Ewing, In- spector; (scorgo U. Ahein, Suh-lu.tpoctor, Head office ftra- tivo in no small degree of tho goncr.d development which has characterized the commeroo and trade of tho city and given it importance as tho motropolis of tho Dominion. The premises of Iho firm comprise tiic largo bulliling, Xos. 43-15-17 St. J'aurico St., having an ari' i of 4') wilh a depth of upwards of 100 feet, and is carefully fitted up and fur- nished with every facility for the i)roseciitiou of the busi- ness in all its branches. Tho nianufacturo of boots and shoes is carried on extensively and arof Italian and all Foroitrn Marbles, Oflice 130 ;!lcury Street, Factory 552 William Street, Muntreai.— The famous stone which is known as Thousand Islands Grai:ito, is quarried on (Jrindstone Island, in .Tefrersop Co., N. Y.; N.S.,atThursi, Clayton, and ali of all chi.s.sc? of tho community among whom ho has resided for so many years. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. 107 Ttan StandiiTd Xitft; AHSiirance Company of Eflinburgh, Scotland, ilciul Ofljoo lor Oaiiiidii : Stiindard Couipauy's Cuilding, 155 157 St. Jiiines Street. Among the eld established staunch life insurance companies of Great Britain, doing business iu the Dominion of Canada, there are none held in higher estimation than The Standard Life Assurance Company of Edinburgh, Scotland. The Company was organized and established in 1S25, and is one of the most reliable, economically managed life companies in the world, and its reputation for stability and fair deal- ing has never been questioned. The total risks taken by the Compary exceed the sum of $100,000,000; (ho amount of invested funds exceeds $30,000,000, while the annual income is $4,000,000 or more than $10,000 per day. These facts commend the " Standard " to the confidence of Itho public. Its record shows an aggregate of claims paid in Canada alone of $2,000,000, and the total amount paid in claims during the past eight years is over $15,000,(JOO, or about $5,000 each day. The Company has deposited in Ottawa, for the benefit of Canadian policy-holders, $362,000. The chief end aimed at by the otficcr.s and directors has been the safety and Boourity of the Company, hence, foresight, conservatism and economy have characterized the man- agement of tho affairs,— a solid condition which gu.'irantees to the patrons absolute security. Tho Board of Directors for Canada arc: Sir Alexander T. Gait, G.C.M.G., Ferdi- nand MacCuUoch, Esq., Alfred Brown, Esq., Director Bank of Montreal; Jas. A. Gillespie, Esq., (of Mossr.^. Gillespie, Moffatt & Co.,) and W. M. Ramsay, Manager, gentlemen of high standing and business experience, wlio are well known for their influence as capitalists and mer- chants, and eminent standing and thorough knowledge of tho subject of Life Insurance. Mr. TV'. Riinisay, tho Man- ager, is popular in coramorci.al and social circles, and by his ability, experience and earnest attention to his department has made the "Standard" one of tho best known for reliability and promptness among tho many ntrnng compa- nies represented in Canada. In tho spring of 1885 tho Company occupied tho recently erected " Standard " buildings at Nos. 155-157 St. James Street. This structure i.s of brown stone, ornamental in stylo of architecture, and isono of tho most imposing buildings in tho city. It has four flats, tho /aca(/« presenting an attractive appearance and made conspicuous by two lifc-sizo figures of Atlas supporting the Globe. The building is of modern stylo and design, and is tho finest among the many new structures that huvo recently been erected and whicli give such aa air of wealth and stability to tho business contro of the motroDolis of British North America. Jotauston's riuia 13eef, 27 St. Peter Street.— Tho variou.'' improvements effected of lato years in the Irrocois an.t method of i)reparing concentrated extract of moats, ttc.,havc added immensely tothouumborof articles thus handled, and the industry has brought out a number of spcciiil preparat'ins of acknowlcilged superiority, araougwhidi, and standing at tho head, is Jihnston's Fluid Boef , the most perfect food in a concentrated form cvpr before introduced, and too only preparation of tho kind which contains ail tho nutriiious properti s of beef. It is specially rociiumended by the medica' faculty and has become popular, taking tho place of all othar extracts o^ meat made in this con-i'rj'or Europe. It is pronounced not only a iiotfoct frau, bat is proscribed oy eminent physic! ms who introduce it in their practice as ono of tho mo.st valuabl'.i of medioiuD.^. Johnstini's Fluid Beef is a real food and imparts SLimuius 'o tho system and nourish- ment for braia, bona and rarscle. la its propar'.'.ion the finest part of tho beef is usod,and is guaranteed to be pur» and free from adulteration. Neither drug or alcohol in any form is used in its raanufaoturo, and it is so digestible that it can be retained and assimilated by tho weakest stomach ; an infant may take it with safety, and it will remain on tho stomach of tho invalid when nearly every other food is rejected. It gives tono to tho nervous sys- tem, whilo increasing muscular doveloi)ment, and may bo used with equal advantage by every ono who seeks recov- ery from mental overstrain, and by tho athleto desirous of obtaining the highest physical condition. Baron Liobig, in tho "Lancet" of November 11, 1805, writes :—" Wore- it possible to furnish tho market at a reasonable price with a preparation of meat combining iu itself tho albuminou*. together with extractivo principles, such a preparation would have to bo preferred to tho ' Extractum Carnis,'' for it would contain uU tho nutritious constituents of moat." Again :— " I have before stated that in preparing, tho Extract of Meat, tho albuminous principles remain in tho residue ; they are lont to nutrition ; and this is certainly a groat disadvartage." Dr- Edward Smith, before the- British Association, said:— "Licbig's Extract of Meat is not moat. It i.s clearly meat flavor. It in the play of flfimletioitliout Hamlet. It lo Meat without Meat." Profes- sor Almcn says of tho samo food :— " Used alone for Beef Tea, Liebig'.s Extract is a delusion." On tho other hand, this is what eminent chemists say of Johnston's Fluid Beef:— Wm. Ilarknoss, F.C.S.,L., .Analytical Chemist to tho British Government: "I havo m.ado a very careful chemical analysis and microscopical examination of John- ston's Fluid Beef, and find it to contain in every 100 parts albumen and gelatine, 21.2S; fibrino in a readily soluble form. 37.43 (flesh- forming food); a.«h or mineral matter, 14..57; moisture, 20.14. Tho mineral mutter is rich in phosphates. Tho microseoiucal examination shows the Fluid to contain good sound beef, ground to a very fine powder. I consider this a most vahi.ablo preparation, combining as it doe^, a concentrated extract of beef with tho solid beef itself, tho latter being in a form easily digested. It is al.so free from tho burnt flavor so much' objected to in ordinary extracts of meat. It is ono of tho mosi perfect foods I havo over examined." Dr. J. Baker Edwards, Ph.D., S.C.L.; F.C.S. , Professor of Chemistry and Inland Ilevenuo Food Analyst, Montreal : " I hereby certify that I havo mado a careful analysis of tho proxi- mate constituents of Johnston's Fluid Beef, and find it to contain, — salts of flesh and moisture, beef tea food, 33.30; fibrino or meat food, 35.50; albumen or egg food, 22.50; mineral or bono food, 1.70. I consider this an invaluablo preparation, containing as it does, in addition to tho well- known Licbig's Extract, which has been aptly named ' Wine of Meat,' tho nutritive value of egg diet and meat diet in a form readily soluble in tho gastric juiee. It is, therefore, a moru complete and perfect food for children and invalids then Moat Extract alone ; and, moreover, having inspected the process of manufacture, I am aatis- flcd that it may bo relied upon as a uniform and very superior preparation." Stcvensou Macadam, Ph D., F.R, S.C..F.C.S., Lecturer on Chemistry: "Analytical Labora- tory, Surgeons' Hull, Edinburgh, 6th Marsh, 1873. I have mado a careful chemical analy.-iis of a sample of Boef PovvdSi-, maimfactured by J. L. Johnston, and find it con- tains as follows, albuminous or flesh uatter, 63.3S ; ash or 3alino matter, 10.G2 ; moisture, 13.23 ; oils and fatty mat- tor, 12. 77. This is a highly nutritious article of diet, con- tains all the elements of flesh food in aconcenirated form, is very palatable and easily digested, and is eminently suited for dietetic purposes, especially for invalids. "^ Johnston's Fluid Beef is used in the English '\rmy a.- 1 in> 108 MONTREAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. all parts of tho world, and is pronounced by ohomista and physicians tho most porfoot form of ooncontratod boof ever introduced, a fact demonstrated by tho many hun- dreds of tostimouials receiyod, all of whicli speak in tho highest terms of its superiority as a perfect fluid and as a medicine. SirThomaa Watson, Queen Victoria's physi- cian, prescribes Johnston's Fluid Beef. Johnston's Fluid Beef is now o.ttonsivoly used in British and Continental institution?, hospitals and asylums, and is proscribed by -tho medieal faculty wherever it has boon introduced. Ilanlan, tho champion Soulier, writes : " I have used John- ston's Fluid Boof for a considerable timo ; it is tho best musclo former I havo over tried. It is pleasant to tako and thcro is no trouble about its digestion." It cm bo used at anymomont and with tho least possiblo troublj. Alittlo boilins water and it is ready for uso in tho nursery, tho sick room, ur at tho household table. As a doUghtful, rofreshins driuk during cold woathor it is not surpassed, as it is oxhilaratiug, heating and nourishing. Tho Fluid Beef is put up in hormetioally sealed tin cans and sold by druggists and grocers in all parts of tho civilized world- Directions foru.so:— Add a small teaspoonful to a cup of boiling water and season to ta3:o; or asasaudwicli paste it may bo used on toast, with or without butter. Tho can i«=t3S* *s^ ^* Pillow, Ilersey A €«»., Manufacturers of Horse Shoes and Spikes, Cut Nails, Tacks and Brads of Every Description. 01 St. Peter Street.— A careful, detailed exam- ination or review of tho various enterprises of a manufae- turing character that have given .Montreal tho celebrity it ODJoysas tho great manufacturing and commercial metro- polisof Canada, will invariably produoo a constant succes- sion of surprise?. Among ^ho many largo manufacturing concerns located in the city, perhaps nouo affords a more striking esamplo of growth and prosperity than that of Pillou-, Ilersey k Co., manufacturers of horso shoes, bolts, nut3,spik(;S,cut nail.-*, tacks, bradJ, &c. The firm own and opcrato two c.^ctcnsivo factories : that for tho manufacture of horso shoes, cut nil ils and spikes is on St. Patrick Street, and tho otiier, in whioli aro mado nuts, bolts, tacks, brads, nd fragrant coffees, together witJi tho leading brands of family flour and all those articles that belong to tho groceries trade, inuludini/ foreign and domestic fruits, etc. Mr. Gordon is one of tho most popular business men in the city. II« is active, progressive, and is held in the highest estimation by the whole community as a merchant and usefuL in- fluential citiien. 110 • MONTREAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. ItritiNli Kiii|>ir«> Miitniil liilo ANNurnnce (,'uin- jinuy 4il' Iioutloii. KNtnbliitliCHi 1M17.— Ciiiuulian Head Ollico, Notre Uaiuu, coriiur ist. Krauciiis \uvier Struct. — 'riieliriti.ih Kiupire Mutual Lifu AssuraTico Com- pany oi' London, Kngland, is one of tho nio?t popular iDMtitutioiiH of tho kind iti tlio world. It was o.stab'i.^iiol in 1847, and incorporated under Art. 7 and S Vict, Cap. 110, and furllu'r euiiM)wercd by special Act 1") Vict., Cap. 53. The aim of the olficors an OFFICE. all who hiivo business relations ivith it. The thirty- seventh or hist annual report speaks for itself. It si jwed a large income in assets, in amount of receipts, in the in- .surance in force, in tho number of policies issued, and most decidedly in the matter of its net condition. The ns.scts are over .$5,000,000— income over $1,000,000— and the amount held in Canadian investments reached over $000,000. The tliirty-seventh annual report for the finiin- cial year, 1883, .=lu>wed that 1,988 proposals were received, amounting to $4,2o3,250. 00: resulting in 1,072 policies for $3,'il6,595.00, tho new premiums payable thereon being $1.31,565.03. Of those policies 271 for $882,775 were gr.anted in exchange for those is.sucd by tho " Lion " Tiife Assurance Company; 316 proposals for !i;6.'?6,G.')5 were declined or not ■completed. In consideration of .'i;i2,6l3..'^0. six annuities have been granted, for an annual payment of $1,706. 50; four annuitants in receipt of $658.50, have died during the year. In the course of the same period 228 policy-holders have died, on whose lives 253 assurances liad beeti ciTeoted ; the claims thus arising, with bonuses, amounted to $332,- 687.50. After paying cash bonuses to tho extent of $106,- 274. 25, and reducing the premiums by $7,762.43, the sum of $2(j8,412.50 lias been added to tho accumulated fund, which now amounts to $4,783,111). 116, Iicld in socuritiestif tlio highest class, and yielding interest exceeding £4 5a. per cent., the total income is .■:i920,508.70; tho num- ber of policies in forco is 15,343, assuring $22,173,305.00; and tho premiums payable thereon $682,552. 90. Thu com- pany quote a policy J'ne jrom aunditiumi, and during thu thirty-seven years of its establishment it has paid over .iiU) ,000,00* J in claims and bonuses, and is tho only C'umpuny in Canada giving special advantages to total abstainers. The dircctorsof the Company arc ■— Chairman ,John Kuntz, Esi]. ; Ueputy-chairuian, J. 11. Trounoer, M.l)., London; lleury Ma.^on Uompaa, Esq., Q.C.; Hugh Cai;ipbell, M.D.; Kobert Treemnn, Esq. ; William Groscr, Esq. ; Pearson Hill, Esq.; iJonald Ahinro, Esq.; George I'hillips, Esq.; Georgo Uooke, Esq.; John E. Tresidder, Esq. ; Henry William Wills, Esq., M.P. Tho Cimadiun Hoard of Management comprise gentlemen high in public lifo and commercial stiinding who are well known for their inlluonoH, business capiicily, integrity and probity. Thjy are ;— The Hon. John Hamilton, Director liunk of Montreal; John Hope, Esq. (of John Hope A- Co.); Hon. J. B. Kobinson, Liculenant-Govcnior of Ontario; A. Murray, Esq., director IJank ot Montreiil; liobrrt Simiis, Esq. (of R, Simma i Co.); Medical Officer, A. A. Browne, M.D.; (jcn- eralManiiger, E. StnnclilVe. TK'o business of tho company extends throughout the Dominion, and it stands prominently iorfh as one of tho sound, strong, staunch lifocompiniiosof the world, and tho busine.'-s has been so eminently straightforward in ils conduct iis to bo free from the doubt or suspicion so often cast against insurance com- panici'. In the Fall of 1884 tho Briti.-h Empire Mutual Life Assurance Co. purchased Jie build- ings lately occupied by the Exchange Bank of Canada, corner of Notre Dame and St. Francois Xavrer Streets, where their offices will bo per- manently located. The extent of ils Canadian in- vestments pliices it among the most reliable in tho Dominion. F. Stanclitfe, Esq., tho general man- ager of tlio company, is thoroughly well versed in life insurance, and is looked upon as an authority upon tho subject. He enjoys a wide popularity, and during his administration of tho affiiirs of tho company in Canada has established a largo busi- ness and won tho estoem and conlidenco of all who havo availed themselves of the advantages offered by sosubstan- tial a company as the British Empire Mutual Life Associa- tion of London, England. Citizens InnnrAncc Company of tnnnda. (Incoiporatcd 18G4). Head Office : Citizens Insurance Building, 179-181 St. James Street, Montreal.— Among tho important business interests of Montreal, insurance has so vital a bearing on all other interests as to en- title it to special consideration on a review of tho re.<-ources of tho city. Of tho insurance companies occu- pying a high iilacc among the solid, .substantial compauie.i of tho Dominion there arc no other more popular than tho Citizens Insurance Company of Canada, which was incor- porated in 1864, and includes in its risks both Fire, Lifo and Accident insurance ; yet , at the name time, each branch is distinct and separate. The affair,: of tho Company are zealously guarded by an efficient board of officers, who, by careful conservative management, havo made tho Company a successful ono in the highest sente, and have made a record which marks them as amons the most successful insurance man io^Ianuary, th Bcribed.$l,00fl mcnt Deposit I (all branches) i'ocurity to P 18S5, $420,491.: 55, 1870), the Distinct Comp of any other capital and a Acti held spec Branch. Poll any other con feature havo absolutely inci and Endowmc a definite com any other fori mont Bond nc stock of tho c citizens of Mi tho strongest : 80, as stock Company) ex approved by A special fci defined princ years' cxpn Canada offei themselves ; Life Insurai one of the ii world. It i man axemen I sciebtious in from tho tan companios. are sronthm social life, ai ~-^-ML REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. Ill I insurance managers in Canada. From the annual stntoment ia^anuary, the following figures nro gloancd : Capitul siil)- gcribed, $1,009,800.00; Rosorvo Funds, $315,123.91 ; Govern ment Deposit at Ottawa. $12.',000.00! Claims paid to date (all brunches), exceed $2,503,227.11 ; Assets, $182,512.11 , • i^nourity to Policy-holders, $1,331,131,01; Qross Income, 18S5, $120,491.24. By Act of Parliament (39 Vict., Cap. 55, 1870), the Life Branch is practically constituted a Distinct Company, having no liability whatever fur debts of any other branch -of tbo Company. Every dollar of capital and assets of the other branches arc, by the same Act) hold specially to discharge the liabilities of tho Life Branch. Policy-holders cannot obtain greater security in any otlier company or in any other manner, and in this feature have a source of great strength. Policies are absolutely indisputable after *wo years. Tho Life Annuity and Endowment Policy is issued alone by this company,— a definite contract for a moderate premium, notofl'orod by any other form of insurance, likewiso tho Coupon Endow- ment Bond negotiable an> where and at any time. Tho stock of the company is hold by many of tho wealthiest citizens of Montreal, and tho stock list is, beyond doubt, tho strongest in tho Dominion of Canada, and will remain 80, as stock cannot bo transferred, (by a By-Law of tho Company) except to holders of unquestionable solvency, approved by tho Board of Directors. (See published list).' A special feature peouliar to this Cksmpany. With clearly defined principles of action, a sound policy, and twenty years* experience, the Citizens Insurance Company of Canada offers unusual advantages to those who would avail themselves of the great benefit which Fire, Accident and Life Insurance can confer. The Company takes rank as one of the most reputable in all essential points in the world. It is grandly conservative, yet justly liberal in management, and so evidently straightforward and con- scientious in its course of action as to bo singularly free from the taunts which so often appear against insurance companios. The directors, oflicers and lionorary directors are gonthmen high in public position, in commercial and social life, and are well known for th»ir influence, business •apacity and high mor^l standing. The Directors and Officers are as follows;— Henry Lyman, Escj., President, (Lyman, Sons & Co., Montreal and Toronto, Direotoi Canada Ship|)ing Co., &o.) ; Andrew Allan, Esq., Vice- President, (Allan S.S. Co., President Mercliants Bank of Canada, &c.) ; Robert Anderson, Esq., (Vico-PresidonI Merchants Bank of Canada, &o.) ; J. B. Holland, Esq.. (Capitalist, Montreal Harbour Commissioner, .fee.); Arthui Provost, Esq., (Director La Banquo do Peuple.&c); Charles D. Proctor, Esq., (Capitalist) ; Hugh Montagus Allan, Ejq., (Allan S.S. Co.) ; Benjamin Currier, D, C. L.; Gerald B. Hart, General Manager ; Arch. MoGoun, Sr., Soo.-Treas.; Hon. /. C. Abbott, Q.C., M.P.,Jkc., Standing Chief Counsel : Wm. T. Standen, Consulting Actuary. Chief Medical Oflicers :— P. W. Campbell, M.D., Editor Canadian Medical Journal ; J. P. Rottot, M.D. ; H. L. Cook, MD.. Superin- tendent of Life Agencies ; F. \V. Storor, General Agent. Tho Honorary Directors for Nova Scotia are : Hon. Jamea Butler, M. L. C. ; Allison Smith, Esq., President Nova Scotia Sugar Refinery ; R. W. Eraser, Esq., Direotoi People's Bank ; Hubert Taylor, Esq., Manufacturer, Hali- fax Agent. For New Brunswick :— Hon. T. R. .Jones, M. L. C. ; C. S. DeForcst, Esq., Merchant ; S. S. Hall, Esq.. ex-President Board of Trade ; W. H. Thome, Esq., Hard- ware Merchant : C. A. Mucdonald, Barrister at Law, Agent St. John, N. B. For Prince Edward Island :— lion. W. Sullivan, Q. C., M. P. P., Attorney-General and Premier Government of P. E. I. ; Hon. Noil McLeod, M. A., M. P. P., ox-Provincial Secretary and Treasurer Government of P. E. I. ; Hon. Lemuel C. Owen, Merchant and Ship- owner ; Lomuel L. Beer, Esq., firm of Beer & Sons, General .Merchants, Charlottetown, P. E. I. ; A. S- Urquhart, Charlottetown, P. E. I., Life Agent. For Mani ■ toba :— Duncan McArthur, Esq., Banker, Winnipeg ; D. Miller, Esq., Manager Merchants Bank, Winnipeg ; F. H. Brj-dges, Esq., Secretary Manitoba and North Western Railway, Winnipeg ; A. F. Eden, Esq., Land Commissioner Manitoba X-N.W.RR.,\7innipeg; R. G. Brett, Esq., M. i..,A.C. McDiarmid, Esq., M. D., Medical Examiners; and for Newfoundland i— James Baird, Esq., General Mer- chant, Chairman ; Sir Ambrose Shea, K. C. M. O. ; Hon. A. M. MacKay, Superintendent Anglo-American Tele- graph Co. ; Edwin J. Dudor, Esq., General Merchant and Shipowner ; Thos. Howlcy, Esq., L. R. C S., and K. Q. C. P., Ireland, Medical Examiner. Hon. J. S. Winter; Hon. J. S. Pitts ; Messrs. McNeilly & McNoilly, Barristers j George Le Mesurior, Chief Agent and Secretary. The building of tho Company is an ornamental structure and is fitted up with all the modern improvements for busi- ness purposes. It occupies an eligible location on St. James Street, and forms ono of the prominent features on that great busy thoroughfare. Jobn Osborne, Son A Co., Importers Foreign Wines • and Liquors, 52, 51 St. Sacrament St.; 45 Beaver St , N,Y.— Tho magnitude of the Wine and Liquor trade of Canada is well known and while tho nflicaoy of reliable pure goods is generally admitted, a discriminating publio cannot fail to condemn those deleterious compounay which find their way on the market. Among the olu established houses engaged in tho wine and liquor trade in Montreal is that of the firm of John Osborne Son & Co., which w.is esta- blished in 1830 in New York, by Mr. John Osborne. Tho present members of the firm are Francis P. Osborne and Charles S. Osborne, William Osborne and Ross A. Osborne, sons of the founder of tho house who continue to conduct the business upon those same sound, honorable principles, which have always made the house popular and gained it tho foremost position in tho trade. Tho warehouse and office are at No. 52-54 St. Sacrament St., corner St. Peter 112 MONTREAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. 8t., and contain tho finest stock of imported foreiirn wines and liquors to bo found in the Dominion, and include the goods of tho foUowiniT phippors. " Piper Hoidsicck" II. Piper & Co., UoiinH, Charapiwnos : IJiicck .Taniaiea Rum and control a largo trade with all the loading business centres in tho Dominion. The parent house is at No. 45 Beaver St.,N. Y. M. t^uclicntbnlcr. Watchmaker and Jeweller and Dealer in Watches, Diamoiidn, JowoUcry, Platcd-Waru, Clocks, &o., No. 14ii St. Jamod Street. — Amoas the multi- tude of pursuits that of tho jeweller is of oourdo a, promi- noat one, tho leading and one of tho most popular establish- ments being that of Mr. M. Cochenthalor, which occupies a liirao hand.some store at No.l4 > St. James Street, in the most fashionable part of thit thoroughfare. Large, richly ornamented show-cases extend from one end of the store to tho other, which contain a fiuo di.splay of all kiud.i of fashionable jewelry in Modern and Antiiiue design, many of tho articles being unique and noted for their exquisite elegance, conception and workmanship. Mr. M. Coohon- thaler is also an importer of English, Swiss and American watches in gold and silver cases, r.nd also French and Swiss clocks, diamonds and precious stones in various set- tings in rings, broaches, necklaces, medallions, &c. His stock of goods is full and complete in every detail and nothing that tho most fastidious connoisseur could call for is wanting in the really elaborate collection. Besides jewelry a full assortment of sterling silver ware, tabic ware, knives, forks, spoons, Ac, will be found in tho stock or made to order in any design required, also plated ware, and all kinds of useful and fancy articles suitable for wed- ding presents and gifts for all occasions. Repairing watches and jewelry, and clocks and musical boxas is also exesuted with neatness and olegauoe and all goods bought at this establishment are warranted to bo just as repre- sented. Mr. Cochenthaler makes a speciality of designing manufacturing carniv • 1 jewelry, and jewelry representing the winter sports of C.iiKidaiu gold and silver which are neat and pretty, and popular, not only with the natives but eagerly sought after by Aiuoriv' in visitors to Montreal. Mr. Cochenthalor is a native of tho city and established the business hero engaged in about 1877 and has tuilt up a largo trade and gained great popularity. Tho Cnnndn BanU Sfote EngrnviniC and Prlntinic Company, (Limited), .')20 and 523 Craig Streo!.— Montreal, whicU is tho great commercial and man- ufacturing centre of the Dominion, al.so maintains a wido reputation for tho high standard of the lithographic and typographic excellence of tho work oseouto i by tho Canada Bank Xoto Engraving and Printing Co. which is not surpassed by that of any other on tho American Con- tinent. Tho Company has achieved an eminent position since it was organized in the fall of 1834, and is tho outgrowth of a business established in 1876, by Mr. George E. Desbarats and was incorporated by letters patent under the Groat Seal of the Dominion, with a capital of $100,000. Engraving on steel, stone and wood, Chromo-lithograpliy and tho now and bnuirtifnl artotypo process and artistio typo printing in orory variety of ."tylo, llnisli and execution constitute tho general bu<orD, Importers, Jobbers and Roasters of Cofiees, 435 St. Paul Street, corner St. Francois Xavier Street— Dan. (iillmor and Henry C. Todd, Canadian Man- agers.— The firm of Chase it Sanborn is ono of tho largest houses -n tho CofTeo trade in the United States, and roast more mild Coffees than any others on this continent. From the date of tho foundation of tho business, it has been remarkably successful, a fact that can only be attri- buted to tho sup.rior quality of tho goods. The lirm, in order to meet tho demands of tho trade from Canada, has established a branch house in this city, which is at 435 St. Paul Street. This establishmtut has been fitted up with special machinery of their own invention for separating, cleaning and grading their Coffees, which is in uso by no others, and is the most perfect and oompleto BETRESENT ATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. m arransoment for the purpose over adopted. Tko roasters aro of tho latest improvomcnts and onsuro a roKular rota- tion \Tbiah insures uniformity of roasliiii? witliout diingor of burning, all tlio stronK'tli mid aroinii licinK rot tinod. Tilt) oofTuo.H arc piickod in air tiulit. licrinotically fciilod tin cans immediately on coming from t lio roaster ; and 8oalu I liiu, ; [ughes & Co : Geo. Cb''ds & Co ; W. R. Ross & Co ; intion for I Rai sea, Forbes i Co. For Ottawa, Out.— C. T. Bate & vhich is in I q^_ -p^j Xoronto, Ont.— Kby, Blain h Co ; T. Kinuoar & [complete | q^^ <7arrcn Bros. & Boomer: ruvidaon ..» Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers in Boots and Shoes, Victoria Square — In this work, whiah is designed to represent tho dilTerent and divcrgifled character of tho resouroos of Montreal, tho Motropoti." of tho Dominion, it is of course obvious that tho boot and shoe industry, which forms ono of tho groat industries of tho city, should occupy a very important, conspicuous place. This trade is well represented by the firm of James Linton &Ct., whi^h is ono of tho largest, and best conducted establishments of tho kind in tho country. Tho premises occupied in VicloriaSquare, consist of a largo handsome ornamental building. 100 feet front by 80 feet in depth, presenting an imposing facade of cut stone. It has four floors and a basement, and is fitted up and supplied throughout with tho best machinery that money could procure or human ingenuity has devised. Employ- ment is furnished for from 300 to 330 ."killed operatives, who are engaged turning out both hand and machine made goods of tho best and finest quality, consisting of gentlemens' fine calf boots and shoes, and ladies'. Misses' and ohildrons, goat, pebble, kid and other kinds ; durable, fashionable goods, which arc made in tho best manner, are designed for a first class trade, and command tho attention of dealers in all tho commercial centres from tho Lower Provinces to Manitoba and British Columbia. In addition to tho regular home trade, a largo export business has been done to several foreign markets of the world, viz : St. John, Newfoundland, England, Ireland, Scotland and Australia. Tho out-put of tho factory is from one thousand to fifteen hundred pairs per day ■ Mr. James Linton has a fall and comprehensive knowledge of every department of tho business ho is engaged in, and sells direct to tho whole- sale trade. His goods and his houso enjoy an enviable reputation, and ho is considered among the best in the city with which to establish business relations. By his extensive operations Mr. Linton has done much towards the welfare and prosperity of a larf.i; portion of tho people and materially assisted in giving Montreal its proud title, as tho manufacturing and commercial Metropolis of Canada. This houso was established in December 1S59, twenty-sis years ago, and during tho whole period of its existence, its reputation, credit, and standing, have been of u very high order. Further remarks of ours in this regard would seem superfluous. Canndn Marine Works., Dry Docks and Ship Yards, A'lguitin Ciintin, proprietor.— Tho geographical po^^ition of Montreal, situated as it is at tho head of navigation and midway between tho ocean and the great lakes, gives it importanoo as tho great centre of ship building, and making repairs to vessels. Tho business is conducted on an extensive scale by .Mr. Augustin Cantin, who owns ono of the largest ship yards an J dry docks on the Continent, lie purchased tho land occupied about tho year 1815, and thoroughly fitted it up, and constructed dry docks and buildings, and provided every facility for building and launching the largest vessels, and for making repairs. On the premises which cover not loss than fifteen acres of ground, fronting on Notre Dame St., and extending to tho Lachino Canal, ho has erected iron works, machine shops, saw mills and dry docks of massive construction, Mr. Cantin is able to compote with any similiar concern in promptness andcffi cienoy. lie builds wood and iron vessels, and barges for ocean and lake service, on tho latest im- proved plans of construction, and during a long and suc- cessful career, has built and launched many barges and steamers, some of tho latter being flno specimens of naval construction, and noted for their beautiful, graceful linos and speed- A.mong tho several hundred that had their origin in his ship yard, wero three vessels to si'il under tho Spanish flag, two revenue cutters for tho French Government and last but not least tho famous privateer " Sumpter." Besides tho above he also built the staunch steamers for tlio lliohelieu and Ontario Navigation Co., tho Ottawa llivor Steamboat Co. and others, transfer steamers for tho Grand Trunk and Intercolonial Railways, and many barges for lake service. Mr. Cantin is a gentle- man standing high in tho community as a master ship- wright and citizen, and has by his enterprise, liberality and extensive operations greatly added to tho welfare and prosperity of a largo part of tho population. B. J. Coglillii, Manufacturcrof all kinds of Springs, Axles, Rake Teeth, (to., 113 St. Paul Streetj Works.IIochc- l.aga.— In these days of wide-awake and pushing enterprise in which industrial establishmonts are symbolic of a coun- try's wealth and standing, it is proper to give more than a brief mention of tho works of Mr. B. J. Coghlin, manufac- turer of springs and axles. Tho manufacturing plant is landed at Uochelaga in tho eastern part of tho city, tho orig- inal site of Mont.eul. The buildings are substantially con- structed, ooverel with slated roof, and consist of foundry, forgo, show houses, utation of which is unexcelled ' by that of any other rope in the world. With the patent process owned and used by this company, the strain on each wire is the same ; this is of more importance when using the better grades of wire whose tensile strength is greater. Cooper, Fairman it Co. are imi)orters of steel ! rails and iish plates, also iron and sleel plates, charniels, angles, beams, bars, etc., and carry constantly in stock, bar i steel, barrows, picks, mattocks, shovels, scrapers, &o., &c. Th( y have also under thoir superintendence the Ingersoll i Rock Drill Co. of Canada, (the Canadian branch of tho ; well-known concern of same name in New York), who Lave extensive works in Montreal for the manufacture of i rook drills, air compressors, steam hoists' and general I and when manufactured into fencing, much superior ii' appennmce as well as ((uality, and the fact that they do over half the fencing l)usiness of Canada is sufficient eviileni'c that they niiinul'acluro the best fencing. They also supply plain wire of a very superior quality, both gal- vanized anil annealed. In addition to the barb wire, they nianut'ai'tnre thiUMi, ribbon and taiilet fencing, which have altainod larije pioP'Ttioiis since they started luakingthis class of goods. Parties reiiniriiig fiaicing would do well to address this C(Mnpan,v, either to their ^Montreal or Toronto offices, having established a branch ut 25 Front Streoi East, in the latter city. Miller BrntiierH A Mltcliell, Machinists and Millwrights, ite. ; Works, 110 to 1 'JO King Street; Office, 122 King Street. — A complete ami systematic review and record of the manufacturing resources and progress of Montreal, such as this volume is designed to be, must of necessity include some description of the establishment nf Messrs. Miller Urothcrs & Mitchell, machinists and mill- wrights. Tho premises in King Street cover a space 200 foot in length, with a depth of 100 feet; the buildings, whiflli are of brick, are substantially constructed, and are fully equipped with tho finest machinery driven by a steam engine of thirty horse-power capacity. Tho firm build all kinds of machinery, and make a special business of mill 116 MONTREAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. work and mill machinery generally, and arc manufac- turers of rock drill plant of the most approved construc- tion, and manufacture and put up the best safety elevator for passenger and other purposes. They also make a speciality of cordage machinery, which is fully equal to any furnished from the United States. The works are divided into different departments, and employment is given to upwards of 100 skilled mechanics. The machin- ery and mill worV: turned out by the firm is of tho highest class, and for power, durability and perfection of finish is not surpassed. Tho members of tho firm are pkilled, practical miclxinists and millwrights, and are gentlemen entitled to tho highest consideration for their enterprise and liberality, and for sustaining an enterprise which materially assists in giving to the city tho name and repu- tation of being the great manufacturing and commercial metropolis of British North America. Robin A Sadler, Manufacturers of Leather Belting, Fire Engine Hose and Lace Leather, 2518, 2520 & 2522 Notre Dame Street, (formerly known as 594, 596 and 598 St. Joseph Street).— No belting, whether flat or round, surpasses that manufactured by the firm of Robin & Sadler, of Montreal. The leather is carefully selected, and that portion used for belting is cut from the centre or best part of the hide. The belts manufactured by this firm are r.U c*' tho same uniform thickness and strength, are warranteu and have become standard and pronounced the best by all who use tbcm. They are far superior to cotton rubber and the many so-called patont belts that have been introduced. They are made single and double, and aro also made to order in any size desired. Messrs. Robin and Sadler are also makers of leather fire engine hose and lace leather. Kor mill purposes and general use, leather hose has been demonstrated as superior to any ether yet introduced. The firm manufaciure hose from bark-tanned leather, which, like the belting, is made from the solid butt part of the hide. The hose is tested before leaving tho factory, and all Boods aio guaranteed to be strictly as represented. Their belting and hose have a wido celebrity and are endorsed and recommended as being the best made in the country The firm have a ppacious factory and warerooms, and their establishment is the largest engaged in this line of manu- facture in Canada. A large force of skilled workmen is employed, and all orders receive prompt attention. To supply the trade in tho Western section of the country tho firm have a branch house at 86 King Street East, Toronto. ^1 Henry J. Shaw A Co., Calinetmakers, Uphol- sterers, Alcnufacturers and Importers of every Description of Household Furniture; Warerooms, 721, 726 and 72S Craig Street (near Victoria Square).— One of the most extensive among the old established houses in tho .""urniture trade is that of tho firm of Henry J. Shaw & Co- , which is located on Craig Street, near Victoria Square. Tho premises con- sist of a handsome large building, four stories in height, having dimensions of 45 by 140 feet, extending through to Fortification Street. Tho building is admirably arranged for manufacturing purposes and for the display of tho fine goods imported and manufactured by the firm, compri,sing every description of household furniture, a specialty being made of parlor, drawing-room, bedroom, dining-room, hall and library furnitare, which is made in both modern and antique designs, in all the desirable, fashionable styles, upholstered in velvet, plush, ailk, leather, &o. In the wareroom is also shown imported English iron bedsteads and spring beds, and also pure bedding in curled hair, moss and African fibre ; also bolster and pillows of live geese feathers, &, long timo the position of director of the Citizens Insur- ance Company, and been a leading member of the Council of Arts and Manufactures of Canada. His son and co- partner, Mr. J. ])■ IloUaud, is a prominent member of the Board of Aldermen, rcpreseutiiig the llochelaga ward with credit to himself and for tho best iutcroat of his consti- tuents, and one I'f the sons, Mr. S. [J. ii Holland, is th» manager of tho mill at St. Jerom«. Ttaos. WUson dc Co., Importers, 218 St. Paul Street, corner of Jaoqucs-Cartier Siiuaro.— This bouse was ostab- lishod in 1348 by Mr. Thomas Wilson, who afterwards associated with him Mr. Pierre Danseroau, and carrietl on *he business until 1SS3, siuoo wliich timo it has been con- ducicd by Mr. DansereiiU under the old firm name. Tho housf; has always cnjoyod a wide popularity and tho business affairs have always been conducted upon tho highest Btandard of commercial intcsrity. Tho business house known as Wilson's Block is situated at tho corner of St. Paul Street and Jacques-Carcicr Siiuaro and o.'xtends to COR.Or JAaUESCARTIER SttR ^ ^^:— -sST.PAUL AND ^-^ , COMMISSieWFR STS. -z^ MONTREAL.^-- , Commissioners Street. In height it is four stories, with basement, all tho flats beins used for business purposes. An immense stock of goods is carried of tho direct impor- tation of the house, comprising everythinj; in tho line of general hardware, paintb',oils, among which are acomiile^o assortment of shelf hardware, locks, etc., of English and American production ; also, carpenters' and joiners' and smiths' and gardeners' tools, and tablo and pocltet cutlery of tho following; .Joseph Iludgers it Son, Wade & Butcher, John Askhani, AVilliiim Jackson & Co. lloufo furnishing goods : a.xles of all sizes and patterns ; springs of all sizes, quality and style; hubs from 3 to 10 inches; shafts, finished and unfinished; spokes of all prices ; felloes of all heights ; wood bent stuffs, great variety ; patent dash and other leather; English and American oil cloths, all patterns ; rosettes and ornaments ; trimming lace, all widths; varnishes of every kind; turpentine, linseed oil ; white lead— {Brandram's, tlobertson's & Seott's Elephant and Beaver), rod paint, bl'ie paint, green paint, yellow black paint, Paris green ; red le.ad— Jamej ; white load Jauijs, Biaudrauis; sugar of load, litharge, Purisian blue. Celestial blue; Paris green, Brunswick green, Ver- million (English and American), chromo yellow, terra de Sienna, umbors, ivory black, whiting, yellow ochre, rod ochre, blue ochre, lamp black, pumice slono, graining combs, paint and other brushes, putty ; also, files, raps, etc., etc., of tho best makers. . And a long list of sundries: navy oakum, spikes, coal tar, grindstones, cart boxes, y, latent and common, rakes, scythes and snaths, sickles, shovels and spades, hay and manuro forks, iron and tin plates, various brands, galvanized sheet iron for sugar piirnosos, twines and ropes, chains, trace chains, plough mua.ds, kettles and coolers, all sorts ; iron wiroforfenoes and hay, platform and other scales, steel reed (special), circular and mill saws, Seine twines, night linos, horso nails and horso shoes, gamo traps, guns and ammuni- tions, house building hardware, etc., railway and eon- tractors' supplies, miners and quarrymeu's supplies. Mr. Dansereau is a native Canadian and well and favorably known in commercial and local circles in Montreal. IIo is a live, wide-awako business man and can always quote tho lowest prices. He is doing a largo, wide-spread trade, and as a, merchant and citizen holds a high position iu the community. l.aBanqiie Vllle.»[arle,l.);!.St. James St.— Among the most popular banks in Montreal, is La Canque Ville- Marie, which was chartered in 1872. Tho capital is $500,(X)0, of which $ n7,">"0 is paid up,the rest being upwards ofS"5,000. The sound and conservative policy, with which tho affairs have been managed, with a due regard to the wants of the business community, places it in tho first rank among the solid Duauoial institutions of tho Dominion of Cana.l.'i.and has won I'or it tho regard and consideration of tho whole community. The Officers and tho Board of directors arn of tho most substantial business men and capitalists, and are W. Weir, President; J. G- Guimond Vico-President ; and U. Oarand, Cashier. Tho Directors are, W. Weir, J. G- Guimond, lion. A. 11. Paquot, James O. Davis, C. F. Vinct, and S. Weir. A general booking business is conducted in deposits, loans, discounts, and collections are made in all parts of Canada and tho United States, through tho branches and correspondents. The Bank has branches at Eerthier, A. Garicpy, agent ; Louis- ville, F. X. 0. Lacoursiiire, agent ; Nioolet, C. A. Sylvestre, agent; St. Jdrome, J. A- Thfjbergo, agent; St. Cdsaire. M. L. J. Laoasse, agent ; New York, Tho National Bank of the Republic, agent; Laehute, A. La Rue, agent. Oeorse W. Reed, Slate and Metal Roofing, Felt and Gravel Roofer ; and Manufacturer of Tinware and Galvan- ized Iron Cornices, and Dealer in Slate Mantels, Table Tops, &a.,7S5 Craig Street.— For many years tho enterprise con- ducted by Mr. George W. Reed has occupied more than an ordinary plaoo in tho industrial system of tho city, and is nut to be overlooked in a review of its ooramercial and manufacturing advantages and resources as a great trade centre. This esUiblishmont was founded by Mr. Reed in 1852, and has since been continued by him with marked success. The building occupied is a large one, having a front of forty-Qvo with a depth of over eighty-seven feet, and is well adapted, both in situation and arrangement, for all the demands of tho business, which embraces the manufacture of refrigerators, oil cabinets, coal scuttles, coal sifters, slop pails, and all descriptions of tinware; also galvanized iron cornices, which are kept on hand and REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. 121 > mado to order in any design, A gpooial business is rnado of elite mantels, table tops, sairu sluto slabs for fine '.Tork, «bel7ed grates, roatilators, registers, &o.', and thiire is ouiu^Uiiily ou Laud a lar^'o asburtuiont of CauaJiau and Amorican slao of tbo first quality, also slato nails, zino, lead, ikc. Mr. Rood baa a largo trado dorivud from tbo city and various sootions of tbo Dominion, and during bis lonj; business taroor bas always prospered and enjoyed tbe oonlidcuoo ami regard of tbo wliolo community. IIo is a nativo of 2^ew Ilampsbiro, and is one of tboso eutortrisin); Amorioans who tako great interest in advanoioi; tbo comineroial ai::d manufacturing industries of Montreal, tbe metropolis of the Dominion. W. Drysdtilo <& Co., Books, Stationory and Poriod- ioal;', No. 232 St. James Street. Wbolesalo ami Retail.— Prominent among tbo old cstablisliod and wcU-kiiown business bouses in tbo book and stationory trado, that of tbo firm of W. Drysdale & Co. is deserving of more tlian a pasiiing notice by reason of tbo largo stock carried, tbo character and extent of tbo trado, and tho admiiablo maruer in which tho business is carried on. The litoro has a front of 20 with a depth of 112 feut, four flats, nil of which are utilized and arranged in tbo mo.st admirable manner for business purposes. Tbo stock is tbo lar^rost, and tbe store has achieved a reputation as being tho best kei)t and cheapest in tho Dominion. Besides tho largo assortment of books upon all subjects in various styles) of binding, there is also to bo found bore a great variety of light literature of all tbo popular authors, also the mag- azines and periodicals, tourists' guide books, maps, etc.; and also photographs and stereoscopic pictures, and tho celebrated, popular Drysdalo's views of Montreal, which are a selection of tho churches a.;d buildings, and win'cr sports, etc. A specialty is made of school books, bin nk books, photo albums, autograph albums, and fine slating of every description, also counting-bouso and school stationery, i)ockct books, juvenilo books, and books in every department of literature. A largo business is car- ried on with tho city and also with dilTercnt parts of I ho Dominion, tlio house being recognized as one of tho most .important in the city. Jlr. W. Drysdalo is an active busi- ness mafi,and is highly commended to tho trade in (ho city and beyi nd, and can always bo relied on for prompt- ness and fair dealing, and those requiring this olas.3 of goods are assured that no better terms or advantages can be scoured than from this old established, rcliablo bouso- Ooldic A .llcfillocli, "Gait Safe Works," Manu- facturers of 1^ r? and Burglar Proof Safes and Vault Doors, 298 '•■f. James Street. Alfred Bonn, (lenoral Agent.— Amoi.;,' the numerous articles of manufacture in which Canaaa equals, if not excels, those of any other nation of tho world. Burglar and firc-i)roof .Safes rank among the most important. Tho firm, Goldie it McCul- locb (established 1S44), well-known as extensive manu- facturers of flouring, wood working and wool working machinery, engines, boileis, etc., havo wittiin the past ten years added to thi; list Burglar-proof and fire- proof safes and vaults. Possessed of large means, ample facilities, great experience in tbe use of tools, together with that inherent contempt for inferior work which tho business public acknowledge they are possessed of, they have outstripped all competitors, both as regards quality and appearance. This is admitted by not only tbe busi- ness men of Canada but by those of England and the States. The demand for their safes and vaults in both burglar and firo-proof has become so great, that, notwith- standing their immense facilities for manufacturing, they cannot at any time of the year keep up with their orders. This demand is not only owing to tho fact that wlien any man of ordinary judijin .1 cumparos Lbo ci.'U3tiuctiuii with that of any other make, ho decides at onoo that ho would bo unwise to buy other than tho Ooldio & MoCuUoch, not »nly because of their boautilul and artistic ornament- ation, but mainly because that not a book or other docu- ment has over been even singed in ono of them. Of their burglar proof work it may truly bo said nono knows better tho superiority of this firm's mako than does tho skilled burglar, and knowing this, ho has in no one instance must- ered courage to even attack ono of them. Among their numerous patrons for burglar-proof security are found tho Dominion Government, Canadian Bank of Commerce, Im- perial Bank of Canada, Bank of Ottawa, Maritime Bank, Bank of London, and other leading banks, bankers, jewel- ers and wholesale merchants. Realising that tho burglar proof work of to-day must bo vastly superior to that of twenty-fivo years ago, this firm has, with laudable energy, plauned,studied,spent, worked, abandoned costly machin- ery and tools for those still more costly, when by doing so any improvement could bo made in what had hitherto been manufactured. Tho result of thoso heavy under- takings, wo are happy to know, has boon most satisfactory, they being now in a position to give to tbo public that ifhioh is drill-proof, powder-proof, wedge-proof, blow-pipe proof, and proof against every other known device of tho modern burglar. All their safes are constructed of mas- sive, solid, welded, angle iron frames, over all thu ecrners outsido tho exterior surface being plain and smooth and without panels, and of altcrnato layers of heavy iron and solid cast steel hardened, which is far superior against heavy sledging to welded steel and iron or cast iron called by fancy names. Tho corners are all scoured by heavy angle plates, the whole being securely fastened by means of heavy steel-headed conical bolts with nuts on tho inside over which the end of tho bolt is riveted, thus preventing burglars elTeoting an entrance by drilling or driving the conical bolts. The conical bolts and steel plates are temp- ered drill proof. Tbo spindles of their lock work and bolt work are made drill-proof, and are built into thu doors with shoulders, making it impossible to draw, drive or drill them, thus giving amplo protection against gun- powder or other explosives. Their fire-proof safes aro also manufactured with the knowledge kept prominent that sooner or later they may be subjected to a severe test, and that through the ordeal they will be expected to preserve valuable contents without injury. They have adopted every improvement tliat suggests itself as such, fur in- stance, a layer of hardenoil steel to protect as far as pos- I siblo the lock from being bored into, tho insido bolt work and moveable cap, air space, to prevent must and damp- ness to contents. AVo are glad to know that tho result of I this determination to excel is that the demand is con- stantly increasing, and Mr. Benn, tho general agent, tells us tho output weekly is fairly surprising. When Sir. Benn was given the agency for Eastern Ontario, Quebec and Maritime Provinces only ono safe of this mako was ' to be found there. Now th«y are numbered by thousands, j Wo notieo tho firm has carried off all tho highest prizes in j the different exhibitions where shown, and that this year they have been awarded gold medal for burglar-proof and gold medal for firo-proof, Tho ofiioo and warerooms aro at 298 St. James Street, where Mr. Benn will be glad to 1 have visitors call and see for themselves. V22 MONTREAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. TTulff •& Co., Manufacturers' ARentn nnfl Importers, 32, St. Sulpieo Street.— AmoiiR Montreal's well and favor- ably known business Louses is that of AVulfT & Co., who do a largo business as manufacturers' agents and impor- ters, and carry a lino of goods that command the attention of the trade. The firm import largely from Europe, and keep always in stock a full ns.sortmcnt of confectioners' sundries; glucose, gum arabic, tragiicantli, shellac, essen- tial oils, carmine, &c.; glues and plycerino; gold, silver leaf, and bronzes ; mirror glass, hair cloth, morocco and cornices; wire, wire cloth, wire nails; lithographic inks and sundries; A. W- Faber's lead pencils, slate pencils, and marbles; colored papor. Thcyaro solo agents for B. Aniline soda fabric, aniline dyes, of which a complete stock is always kept on hand. ALso all kinds of dyestuffs, Sic. They arc also special agents in Canada for Furnival & Co., Reddish, England, manufacturers of printing and lithographic machines, cutting knives, ushols of grain, and storage for 80,000 barrels of Uour. In tiio centre of tho building are four elevators and descenders operated by steam power, by means of which boats and vessels aro loaded and unloaded on the Canal side, and on tho AVcUington St. front, grain is passed to and from railway cars which are run alongside and which connect with tho (^.rand Trunk system, (in .Mill St. on tho Canal basin, are other large storehouses and eleva- tors D and G, which are also conneated by three sid» 124 MONTREAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. ruilwiky trucks. Tlio storcliuuncs hiivo a oapiioity of 200,- the directors aro W. I'Vanois, Esq., O. S. UruBh, Esq., A. 000 biislutU of (train, anil tliu cloviUors of T/JO.OOO bn.HliolM. l'revi)St,Ks(i., A. Loolorc. Esi|.,l'..N . Uiiliinicaii, K.-ni-iChiMi. The i|iroperty of tlio Aloiitreiil Waroiioiinini? Co. is tin) liiioiiillo, K.»ii., ali of whom uro Kcntleiiicii occupying larift'st and tlio businc-is condiictoil Kroater tlian any olhiT coiis|.ioiioii!< |io:inco re- maiiied and become thoroughly identified with tho business and general local affairs. 1,8 Banqne dii Pcnple, e''ablishcd in 1835, Capital $2,000,(X)U, Head-ollico, 'Jo St. James Street, Montreal.— unco that ingenuity could suggest or capital provide. The main building is nearly (iUU feet in length and lot) feet in width. About the premises there aro several miles of railway track and a complete system of steam cranes for handling heavy bridge work. The ponderous machinery throughout the works is driven by sixteen powerful steam engines,and about 300 workmen are employed. The capacity of the works at Toronto is ubout -l.OiX) tons per unnum, und those at Luchino about 1U,I100 tons. Since the works have been established, tho company have erected many of the largest bridges and iron trestles in Canada, >\iiich aro pronounced us being the finest und most substuntiul Of the monetary institutions in Montreal, the well-known | structures, and rank among tho best und most durable in substantial La Banquc du People is among tho oldest i the world. Among the bridges erected by the company und strongest. It has reached to its present position and I are the bridge at St. John's, N.IJ., which connects the iniportunee from u banking business established in 18;}5 by I Intercolonial with the American railways. The bridge is a uumber of influential gentlemen who began operations i of steel, und has a length of 810 feet. It is u cantilever under the firm name of Viger, DeWitt & Co. The bank , bridge, and is one of the finest ever erected. The bridge ■was designed to facilitate transactions and aid in the j at Sturgeon Falls, Province of Ontario, on tho Cunudian entcrpriseof the original people of Canada, und continued PLioifio Railway, was also constructed by this company, -to enjoy a successful career until 1845, when more oxten- ; and also the Credit Valley bridge at Gait, Ontario, .ind give operations were entered upon and u joint-stock com- j many others. The company have the contract for the puny formed with tho present title. The bank has a ; construction and erection of the steel bridge over the St. Royal charter, and its caiiital is now $1,0(^0,000. The first i Lawrence river at Lachine, over 3,.500 feet long, for the president of the bank was Hon. Louis Vigor, one of its I C.anadian Pacific Railway. The company aro interested original founders, who carefully conducted if^ affairs for j in extensive rolling mills ut (Husgow, Scotland, which are many years. He was succeeded by Jacob DeWitt, Esq., I used for rolling stool plates and other material to be made anotherof the original founders, and ho by Hon. F. A. | into bridge work at tho shops in the Dominion. The Qucsnel.andfollowinghimsuccessivcly were II. R. Smith, I Chief Engineer and President of tho Company is Job Esq., John Pratt, Esq., and C. S. Cherrier, Esq., Jacques ! Abbott, Esq. ; Vice-President, Ira Abbott; and Secretary, Grenier is now president and ably administrates the affairs j Luke Lyman. W. S. Thompson is the Superintendent of ■of tho bank. Tho cashier is A. A. Trottier, Esq., and . the works at Lachine, and Phelps Johnson is Manager of T^TPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. 125- thoBO lit Toronto. The DircotoH nro Job Abbott, Ira Abbott, liuko Lytnim Mvl Atiifm McTliom, of iMontroal ; Plirlps Johnson, of Toronln, Jumcs Hoid .Stewart and Janiss Kinic, of Ulasgow, tiootland. St. Lawrence IIaII, Henry Ilopran, proprietor.— Among tlio hotels of Montreul llicro arc none moro popu- lar or hotter condiicled than tho famons St. Lawronoo Hall, ivhich hns been a notod hotel for moro than thirty yearn, and ha« been patronised by all tho Royal and no'olo pcrdonagos who bnvo visited tho rai^tropolis. Tho hutol building prosont.i an elegance of exterior, and is one of tho most conspicuous features of St. James Street, tho groat business and fasliionablo thoroughfare, on which it is located. Tho building has a frontage of one hundred and twenty-fivo feet, i.f live storys in height, and is ."urmountcd by a iMan.sard roof. It extends in tho rear to Craig Street, and has upwards of 3UU rooms, single and en *ut(c, which are furnished with taste in the most luxurious stylo, and sontain every convenience and comfort. Recently tho " Hall " has been thoroughly renovated "md refitted and uppropriately decorated and furnished throuKliout with uow furnit\iro and adommcnta by Mr. Uenry llogun, tho proprietor, who some years ago condubtcd the bouso, and who again in 1SS2 assumed tho duties of host, and has made it tho most fashionable and most desirable hotel in the city. Passenger elevators are provided, and tho halls and public rooms are lighted by tho electric and incandes- cent lights, and every comfort and convonieuco aro provi- ded, the house having tho reputation of being the best conducted, tho most attractive, and best founded and most complete in tho Dominion. St. Lawrence Hall is famous for its cuUinc, which is not surpasod by any hotel on the American continent. Mr. Uogan has made the " Hall" a great favourite with the travelling public, and is well adapted from long experience to conduct a hotel of such magnitude as tho St. Lawrence- He hna tho natural ability for the task, and how well ho has succeeded is shown in tho many friends he has made, and tho great popularity of the house of which he is tho head. Wilson, Pntenon Jk Co., Importers of Naval Stores, Chemicals, .tc, Custom House Squaro ; New York Office: 154 Front Street. — Among the well known, sub- stantial merchants in Montreal is the firm of AVilson, Paterson & Co., composed of John T. AV ilson and 'tV. S. Patcrson,of this city, and R. W. Paterson, of Now York, Tho firm aro extensive exporters of naval stores, and im- porters of East India goods in New York, and importers of naval stores, chemicals, oils and general merchandise, and also represent the Lehigh Valley Coal Company. They also carry a full lino of East India Goods— Gum copal, gum damar, gum shellac, plumbago, cocoa nut oil, citron- ella oil, castor oil, jut d cuttings, Mobile, ,Ala., and Brunswick, Go. Mr. John T. Wilson and Mr. AV. S. Paterson, who represent the house in this city, aro well and favourably known to the commercial community and hold high positions in mercantile and social circles. The house is one of the largest and most important in its line of business in Canada or in New York, and tho goods they import and deal in command the attention of the trade in all the commercial centres. Nontrenl Elevatlnir €o„ 7, Cuitom House Squaro, Alex. McDougall, Manager.— The .Montreal Elevating Co. has had a momeutous influence in promoting thu grain trade of Montreal, and by its operations hiis gruutly added to its oommeroial importance. Grain is brought to this port from tho Great West in boats and barges, and to facilitate shipment and handle it with tho greatest eoon* omy, the Montreal Elevating Company was founded in 1857, and incorporated and re-organised in 1872. The com- pany own and operate fourteen elevators, all of which aro admirably rr|iii|ino(l,oni'li biivinBaeiipi'.Wy of trom 5000 t a 0(WO bushels per hyur. The company handle the greater portion of tho grain shipped from this port, and during the season all their " floaters " aro kept constantly in readi- ness. The President of tho company is Andrew Allan, Esq., of tho Allan Lino Steamships, and also a director of the Montreal Bank, President of the Montreal Ware- housmgCo.,and also of the Windsor Hotel Co., and who is prominently identified with all tho important and great commercial industries that aro carried on in tho city. Tho other directors are Messrs. Hugh McLennan, J. H. Joseph, A. T. Paterson, and Mr. Alex. McDougall, who is also Manager of the compiiny, and a prominent citizen well known to tho commercial community, and populai in business and social circles. Wm. Clendlnnenir dfc Son, Iron-founders and Manufacturers of Stoves, Furnaces, Ranges, Iron Bed- steads, Cemetery and Roof Railings, Railroad, Ornamental and Builders' Castings, .to. Sample and Salo-rooms— Cor. St. Peter and Craig .'streets, and 524 Craig Street ; Foundry and Stovo Works, corner William and Inspector streets —Tho firm of Wm. Clendinnong & Son, Iron and Stove Founders, is an important factor in promoting the city'l industrial thrift by furnishing employment to a largo f orct of skilled workmen. Tho foundry is located at tho cornei of William and Inspector streets, covering nearly an entin block, and as regards appointments is one of the most com- plete osLablishmonts on tho Continent. It is tho oldest stove foundry in the Province of Quebec, and furnishei employment to upwards of 300 hands engaged in tho manu- facture of stoves, ranges, and furnaces. Among the stovet manufactured by this firm arc tho " Clendinneng's Leader,' tho best cook stove in the market; the " Carnival," th« neatest and most perfect in pattern, and tho best for heat iug purposes ever befove introduced- Tho firm also manu- facture other kinds for burning coal or wood, and alsf improved heating furnaces and ranges in various stylos ' also hollow-ware, sinks, tea kettles, iron bedsteads, and cemetery and roofing railings, and ornamental and buil- ders' castings of every description, and railway anc machine and agricultural castings ; parlour, fancy stovei and iron castings, both light and heavy generally. Tho sample aad salerooms are located at No. 210-218, St James Street, and also at No. 524, Craig Street, whero a largo and varied assortment of the many stoves, furnaces and ranges are to be seen, also a general lino of house furnlAhing goods in tin, copper, sheet-iron, and other ware. Messrs. Wm- Clendinnong and Sou control a large trade, extending from the Maritime Provinces to British Columbia, and also export stoves to foreign countries. Mr. Wm. Clendinneng is one of the most popular among the solid, suhstantial citizens of Montreal. His son, Mr- Wm. Clendinneng, jr., is an active, young, progressive b-jsiness' man, and is held in high regard by tho whole community. 126 MONTREAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. ' La Bniiqno Rationale. Head OfRco, Quebec. Montreal 13raiich, St. James Street.— .*mong the sound, flolid banks of the Dominion of Canadr. i, the La Banquo Nationale, of Quebec. It was foiinuod in 1860, and from that time its ciuoor has been one of sucoess and prosperity. 'The capital of the banlj is $2,000,000. A general banlcing business is transacled in deposits, e.\cl aiige and making eoUecticns, and all business extended to it receives prompt attention. The olCcors and diroclors are gentlemen of large experience as financiers, and prominently connected -with mercantile and manufacturing interests of the Prov- ince of Quebec, and are held in the highest regard by the stockholders and depositors, and those who Uo business ivith the bank. President, Honorable Is. Thibaudeau ; vice-prcbident, Jos. Ilamel, Esq. ; caihier, P. LaFranco ; inspector. N. Matte; directors,'!. LcDroit, Esq.; U. Tes- sicr, junr., Esq.; M. W. Baby. Esq,; lion. P. Uarueau ; Ant.- Painchaud, Esq.; honorary director. Honorable J. K. Thibaudeau, Montreal. The branches are looaleU at : Montreal, 0. A. Vallee, manager ; Ottawa, C. 11. Ca riere, manager: rilierbrooke, John Campbell, manager ; and the agents are: England, the National Bank of Scotland, London; Franco^ Messrs. AU'. Grumbaum & Co., La Banquo do Paris ct des Pays-Bas, Paris ; United States, the National Bank of the Republic, New York.— the National Revere Bank, Boston ; Newfoundland, the Com- mercial Bank of Newfoundland; Province of Ontario, the Bank of Toronto; Maritime Provinces, the Bank of New Brunswick,— the Merchants' B.ank of Halifax,— the Bank of Montreal; Manitoba, the Union Bank of Lower Canada. Mr. C. A. ValMo, the manager of the Montreal branch, is a gentleman cf experience, who is popular with the community whose regard and esteem ho enjoys in the highest degree. Kcw York I'lnno Co. Head Office in Canada, 22G and 228 St. James Street.— Among the largo business houses of Montreal the New York Piano Co. at Nos. 22G and 'Sia St. James Street is worthy of special mention in this Historical Review. The building is an ornamental structure, fourstoreys in height.and 45 by 100 feet in dimen- sions. The ground floor is neatly and tastefully arranged as a wareroom, and contains the largest variety of first- class instruments, pianos and organs, ever bi'cro brought together in one establishment in British Nortti America. In the wareroom are displayed the instruments of the most distinguished manufacturers of America, Canada and Europe, among which are : Pianos, Albert Weber, Decker & Sons, J. P. Halo, N. Y. Piano Co., New York ; Vose & Sons, Boston ; Ileintzman & Co., R. S. Williams & Son, Toronto. Organs, Goo. AVoods & Co., Burdett Organ Co.,'w. Bell & Co., Toronto. These instruments are noted for brilliancy of tone, ease of touch .and general superior- ity, and as regards elegance, style and beauty of design and ornamentation of the covers are not surpassed, while they .are gnarantcju for five years. The New York Piano Co. dispose of more pianos and organs in a year than all the other dealers together, and have branch establish- ments at Toronto, Hamilton, Ottawa, liuebec, St. John, 4ind Winnipeg. They conduct both a wholesale and retail trade, supplying dealers in all parts of the Dominion. The company also have on hand a number of second-hand instruments for hire or sale, o:: the instalment plan, which arc in perfect order and strictly warranted as represented. Special repairers and tuners are employed by the company from the best Now Y'ork houses, who are enga'ged ex- pressly for the purpose. The company has been estab- lished since 1874, and from that time has enjoyed an uninterrupted career of prosperity under able manage- ment, and is the most noted among the piano establish- ments in the city, and one of the most ('osirable at which to obtain a first-class, reliable, perfect piano or organ. The second floor of the building is used for the display of the Weber pianos. "Weber Hall" is situated on this flat, which is used for classical chamber concerts, and, as re- gards acoustic properties, comfort and convenience, is one of the best concert halls iu Montreal. British Am«rl<:nn Bunh INote Co., Savings Bank Building, 40, St. John Street, corner St. James St., Montreal. — One of the most important establish- ments in Montreal is that of the British American Bank Note Co., which has done more to bring the art of stv.ol on- graving and printing to a high standi' rd, and cultivate a taste for lino art priiiting, than any other in the Dominion. It has been established over forty years, and was incorpora- ted under its present name and style in U81! with a capital of §200,000, and each year it has greatly added to its sub- stantial record of elegant work. Originality in design, artistic and mechanical excellence in engraving, and beauty in execution have always been the aim of the com- pany, and an evidence that it has succeeded is shown in the beautiful high art work executed for the Government m bank biils, postage stamps, io. All kinds of high art 'Migraving and pnnling is carried on fur all purposes, in- cluding bank bills, notes, commercial bouKwork. Eino jteel illustrations and cugravlng.s of every description aro executed with neatness, elegance and remarkably good taste and judgment. The company have contracts for all Government work, and offer greater advantages in the execution of first-class work tlian can be obtained in Lou- don, France, Germany or the United States, the work of the comoauy for beauty, exactness, and correctness in execution not beir.g surpassed by any other in the world- The ability of the British American Bank Note Co. to ac- complish what it undertakes, combined with the judg- ment and knowledge of those who conduct it, insures to MontK.il a proud position as one of the great centres for the production of the finest artistic ftocl and oopper-plato engraving and printing on the American continent. The President and Manager is Mr. George B Burland, who has been identified with the printing and engraving business for over forty years, and is President and Manager of the Burland Lithographic Co. Secy.-Treas., Mr. G- J. Bowles. II. J. Flttk dc €0., Importers of Shoe Manufacturers' Goods, 12 Lemoine Str'-et, Montreal, and at 301 SU Valier Street, Quebec.— Among those houses whose extended transactions and high standing entitle them to prominence in the lino of shoo manufacturing is that of H. J. Fisk & Co., of 12 Lemoine Street, who hold a conspicuous position in this lino of trade. The business has always been con- ducted with vigor and the exercise of great commercial integrity and extraordinary ability, combined with honor- able dealing and management. The firm have attained a prominence accorded july to those whoso operations aro characterized by the strictest principles of mercantile honor. A full and general assortment of all kinds of goods belonging to this lino of business, of the direct importation of the firm, is olways carried in stock, and the transac- tions extends to almost all parts of the Dominion. The firm also have a house at 301 St. Valior Street, Quebec, and conduct a large business in that city and the adjacent section cf country. The partners are well and favorably known in mercantile circles, and their business is firmly established. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. 127 Dnwes A Co., Brewers and Miiltsters, Laohino. OfDces, 821 St. James Street, Montreal; 20 Buckingham Street, Halifax; 333 Wellington Street, Ottawa. — One of the olde.'t established breweries in tho Dominiou of Canada is that conducted by tho firm of Dawes & Co. at Lachiue. Tho foundation of tho oxtenaivo business now carried on was laid by Thomas Dawes, a native of England, who began the brewing of ale and porter in 1826, and continued successfully in tho business for many years. Tho brewery, together with the malt-houses, store-houses and other buildings, with its surrouudingit, covers several acres of ground. It is one of tho largest establishments of the kind in Canada, and is litted up and supplied with tho most perfect machinery and appliances known to modern Bcienco. It is in charge of skilled, practical brewers, who are under tho immodiato supervision of tho firm. The Messrs, Dawes have an excellent farm at Lachine in con- nection with their famous brewery, consisting of 370 acres, 220 acres being under cultivation, and 150 under pasture , and about 200 acres runted from adjoining proprietors, also several thorough-breds in tho live stock, imported Clyde and shiro mares, which add materially to tho value of tho forty-eight head kept on hand. There are over 90 head of cattle in all, principally Ilerofords, Polled Angus and Jerseys, and some valuable Berkshire pigs, with from twelve to fifteen breeding sows. Tho brewery has thus all the needed accessories to a well-equipped establish- ment of the kind and stands out promlncnlly as the lead- ing and uiust reliable concern in its special lino of manufacture. The lino ale and porter produced from this brewery are well known, popular, and are in great demand throughou* che country. The best malt and hops only are used, and careful attention is given to its pnrparatiou in the various stages it passes through. Dawes it Co.'s ales and porter a- e pure, healthful beverages, and as regards quality, are pronounced tho finest aud be.st brewed in the Dominion. They aro always in demand, tho Eastern Provinces lOceiving thi 'r supplies from Hali- fax, N.S., where an olTico and warehouse is located at 20 Buckingham Street, and tho Province of Ontario is sup- plied from Ottawa, where there is also an office and ware- house at 383 Wellington Street. The ollicc in Montreal, where there aro also extensive store-houses, is under the immediate charge of Mr. Mark C. Dawes, a son of tho original founder of tho business. Mr. Thomas A. Dawes, Mr. James P. Dawes and Mr. Andrew J. Dawes, tho co-partners, aro public-spirited, liberal business men. They nre all natives and residents of Lachine, and promi- nent in commercial and public affairs, and alivo to the best i.'terests of this section of tho Dominion, i.3sisting «very enterprise tending to add to its general welfare and prosperity. Mr. Tlios. A. Dawes is H. A. P; Mr. James P. Dawes is J. P. for Caughnawaga Indians ; Mr. Andrew J. Dawes is Councillor J. P. and Commissioner. Hocliclaga Bank, Notre Dame, corner St. Francois Xavier Street.— The Dominion of Canada points with pride to the high character and solidity of its financial institu- tions, and within tho limits of Montreal, tho great " Commercial Metropolis " of tho country, aro looaf od tho largest and most reliable banks on this continent. Among these banks, tho well-known, popular llocbelaga Bank ranks among tho first in importance aa regards capital stack and business transacted. It was established in 1873, &nd from that time has always enjoyed a prosperous career, under the management of officers and director, who have always been acknowledged as careful, skilful financiers. The capital of the bank is $1,000,000, and from the (tate- ment presented in 1?S5, it was shown that tho balance on 31st December, 1883, was $2,407, which, added to the profits of 1884, $62,689, make a total of $65,196. This was disposed of in paying two dividends of three per cent, amountin; to $42,000, written ofi' for bad and doubtful debts $10,065, and carried forward $12,696. Tho genera) statement shows the discounts lo be $1,206,084 ; overdue notes, $943 ; overdue notes, secured, $84,845. The liabilities shew notes in circula- tion, $442,280 ; Federal Government deposit, $41,898 ; Prov- incial Government deposit, $5,281; deposits on di mand, $204,409; deposits at interest, $178,450. Tho prer dent of the bank is F. X. St. Charles, Esq. A. 7'. Parent, Esq., is cashier, gentlemen well known and prominent in com- mercial and social •ircles, and who stand high as popular representative bank officials and citizens. Tho board of directorate is composed of F. X. St. Charles, M. Lauront, C. 11. Letourneux, C. Melancon, J. Lcduc, gentlemen whose names aro synonyms of commercial probiiy and sagacity, and whoso connection with tho bank gives it prominence as a well-managed, sound institution. The bank conducts large transactions, mostly with tho French population, throughout Canada, and through tho branches and correspondents makes collection in all parts of tho iJominion, the United Stales and Europe. It also issues letters of credit, receives deposits, and conducts a general business in loans and discounts. The location of the bank directly in the business centr'" of tho city, and the bank building, wl ich is a handsome brown stone structure, form one of tho important features in Notre Dame Street. The lloohelaga bank has secured tho confidence of all who have business with it, aud gives every promise ul a future usefulness, which is a just source of pride to its manage- ment and friends. Royal Canadian lusurauoc Co., Fire and Marine. Head Oliioe,157 Bt. James Street. — The place occupied by tho Koyal Canadian Insurance Co. is such that in depict- ing the commercial, manufacturing and other advantages of Montreal it is necessary that duo mention should bo made of the institution as one that adds to the solvency and solidity of the various enterprises, and affording that protection aud security guaranteed only by the best underwriting organizations. Tho company was incor- porated in 187.j', and from its inception, its career, under careful consorv'ative management has proven .uccessfuL While sedulously looking after its own advantage it has by no means ignored that oi its patrons, luid so far as human wisdom will permit, has placed itself in a position to cope with tho most extraordinary casualties and retain tho confidence of policy holders at periods otherwise likely to occasion distrust. Tho business of the company em- braces both fire and inland and ocean marine insurance, and there are branches and agencies in all the commercial centres and towns throughout the Dominion of Canada. Tho President of the company is Andrew Robertson, Esq.; Vice-President, Hon. J. R. Thibaudeau ; and the Board of Directors, besides including the President and Vice- President, are representatives of solid wealth, reliability and success, in the following list of names :— John Ostell, Esq. ; Hugh Mackay, Esq. ; Robert Archer, Esq. ; Duncan Mclntyrc, Esq.; Jonathan Hodgson, Esq. ; Geo. W. Moss, Esq. ; Manager, George II. MoHonry ; Marine Under- writer, Archibald Kicoll. From the last statement of tho company, D^'rember 1, 1885, the following figures siiOW its character end standing : — Revenae— Fire and Marine Premiums, $492,60019; Interess Account and other scuroos, $24,768.90; total, $517,- 17a. 19. Expenditure— Losses, 276,292.02 ; Re-Assuracoei 128 MONTREAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. and Return Premiums, $71,042.87; Expense of conduct- ing the Business, $106,8(30.23; Balance at Credit of Prollt and Loss Accoun% $64,183 07. Asscsts, $708,328 08; Liabilities, $255,370 30; Surplus, $62,957.78. Tliia state- ment not only shows that the Royal Canadian Insurance Co. is much richer in nott condition, but al.'o much richer in gross condition, than at any previous period of its history, and reflects great honor and credit upon the management. It also indicates strict economy, considera- tion for the insured, care in the selection of risks, and that it is one of tho most firmly cstablisliodand prosperous insurance companies in British North America. ^'■n. Xotin«n A Son, Photographers to the Queen, 19, Bleury Street. — Prominent among tho.^o who have made the most important advance and improvements in the photographic art is Mr. Wra. Notman, who has for more than thirty years made it a special suidy. As Mr. Notman is a thorough artist, he has a full knowledge of the wants of tho public, and has fitted up the present re- ception rooms and atelier, which for luxuriance and completeness in appointments are among tho most perfect and elegantly arranged on tlic Continent. Messrs. Notman and Son execute portraits in Iho following style.? ;— minia- tures in water colours or oil, for lockets, cases and frames > life-size portraits in water colours or oil ; cameos, mezzo- tints, photo-relievos. Enlargements (a specialty) from nny description of small picture, photograph, daguerreo- type, ambro^ype, or drawing. Oroups, direct or by com- position. No limit to numbers; nor is it necessary in composition groups that all tho pilrtics should meet or be together. Family groups have been composed when tho members have resided on different continents, Tho firm also make a specialty of landscape photography, making views of all tho principal places of interest in tho Domi- nion, al.'O its various sports and pastimes^mooso hunting, caribou hunting, trapping, lacrosse, snow-shoeing, tobog- ganing, skating, curling, itc The numerous medals awarded Messrs. Notman ic Son ut tho various Inter- national Exhibitions attest the excellence of their produc- tions, and are at onco evidence of their high artistic merit. Medals were awarded at tho London Exhibition in 1862; Paris, 1SG7; Centennial, at Philadelphia, 187G, where a special gold medal was received, being tho only one awar- ded for photographs ; Australia, 1&T7, and Paris, 1878, and many others at various minor exhibitions. Mr. Wm. Not- man is from tho old country (Scotland) origiiuiUy, and for many years has resided in iMontreal, where he is lield in high estimation for his attainments as an artist, llis son and co-partner, Mr. Wm. McF. Notman, is a young man thoroughly familiar with tho photo, art, of fine artistic ta/'tes, and possesses talents of the highest order. Messrs. Notman .fc Son inform tourists and the travelling public that to t aoilitatc business they have opened an office in tho AVindsor Hotel, room 110, at tho cost end of the grand cor- ridor, where specimens of their work are on exhibition, and where appointments for sittings can bo arranged for. There will also be kept for sale in tliis room a full assort- ment of Notman . tensive works is Mr. 11. Lcdoux, son of tho founder, Mr. Bruno Ledoux, who, since his father's decease (which occurred in the fall of 1884) has been sole proprietor. Ho is assisted in his operation of conducting the business by Mr. Alf. Deslauricrs, who is an expert carriage-maker, and who carefully looks after the details of all depart- ments of the business. a 130 MONTREAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. The nfcClary SInnnrncturinK Co., Manufac- turcrg of Stoves, Japiinm-ii Ware, Stamped Ware, ic-, Oflico and Works, corner M'ollin(?ton aiid York Street?, iVIontrtall9 Front Street West, Toronto, and Winnipeg, Man. A. A. Brown, uianauor Montreal branch, 3"5, St. Paul St.— It in a niatterol' public interest and one of con- gratulation on the part of the people of Canac'a that within it3 limits are a nunil)er of extensive industrial establishments, whoso products arc fully equal to thoso made in any part of the world- Among such establish- ments is that which has been known as tho McClary Manufacturing Co. for moro than Qfty years. Tho works which are located at Montreal, are amonff ttic most im- portant in tho Dominion. Tho works aro divided into different departments. In the foundry, where .tro manu- factured tho " McClary's Famous " Stoves, a large force of workmen is employed. The different sizes and styles of stoves for cooking and heating purposes have a standard reputation, and aro popular throughout the Dominion. The firm also manufacture tho Royal Base I'urner, a popu- lar stove for burning coal, which is pronounced one of tho best and most economical stoves in using fuel ever before brought before tho public. Tho celebrated " Famous " Stoves aro highly ornamental in design, and contain all tho improvements which experience could .suggest to prac- tical and scientific designers and manufacturers. Another branch of business largely carried on by the McClary Manufacturing Co. is the manufacture of stamped, pieced, and Japanned tinware, which embraces everything in this lino of production, from the plainest to the meet elaborate in design and finish, including all thoso articles required iu tho household ; also grocers' caddies and tinware gene- rally. This department of the works is littej with special improved machinery, and tho production of tinware in quality, beauty of design, and ornamentation is fully equal to the best make on tho American continent. The com- pany aro also e.ttcnsivo dealers in tinners' supplies, and control .a trade extending from one end of tho Dominion to tho other. Branch houses are established at Toronto, Winnipeg, and in this city. Tho manager of the Montreal branch is Mr. A. A. Brown. Tho officers aro Mi. John McClary, President, tho founder of tho business, P. McClarj', Vice-President, and W. M. Gartshoro, Secretary. H. R. BevorldKO & I'o., Importers of Woollens and Trimmings, Dominion Buildings, 134 JleOill Street. — It is only by a careful study that anything like a clear understanding of the magnitude and extent of the mercan- tile industries of Montreal can be arrived at, and accord- ingly tho houi-e of II. R. Bevcridge & Co., importers of woollens and trimmings, has been selected for the subject of this review. Tho house has been established for some years, and in its line of business is one of tho largest and most important in tho Dominion, and controls a trade diffused throughout its every section, visited oy commercial travellers representing the house, and a first-class trado is carried on. Each season the senior uiember of tho firm visits Europe and makes selections of goods direct from the manufacturer.-', and in many special styles has control of the entire market, and tho house can always present to the trade tho bcdt and finest fabrics from tho most noted English and Scotch looms in all the desirable patterns for gentlemen's wear, together with a large and varied assort- ment of trimming. Mr. Bcveridge is thoroughly familiar with all the departments of the business and conducts his affairs upon a sound liberal basis. Tho class of goods handled by tho house are the finest and best, and the trade will find that business relations formed with it will be both permanent and profitable. Davis A Bale, Business Collese, Montreal.— The Bryant and Stratton Jlontrcal Business College, cor. Notre Dame Street and Place d'Armes Square. Es'nb- lished 1S61. A blanch in the International chain of business colleges, located in upwards of forty of the principal busi- ness cities in Canada and the United States.— Among tho commercial and business colleges in Canada there are none entitled to more favourable consideration, or that have a more pressing cUiim upon tho business education of young men than the Montreal Business College, located at corner Notre Dame Street and Place d'Armes. The college is a branch of tho International chain of upwards of forty colleges in the principal commercial centres of the United States and Canada. It is conducted by Messrs. Davis and Buie, tho proprietors, and has been established since 1SG4. It is conducted upon actual business principles and luiaa new and pre-eminent plan of operation, combining theory with practice, so thi^'oung men who undergo a course at this institution achieve tho best results in the shortest space of time. Beginning with a very small attendance, the number has steadily grown until tlio enrolment in- cludes pupils from all parts of the Province of Quebec, and other sections of tho Dominion. Students may commenco at any time and progress as rapidly as their i;rollcieucy will admit. The course of study includes book-keeping, commercial law, phonography, penmanship, correspon- dence, arithmetic, English and French, including gram- mar, exorcise in reading, spelling, ar:d translating French to English anc' English to French, conversation, composi- tion, &o. Ai^pecial evening school is held for those who cannot attend the day classes, and every attention is given thoso who enter tho college for a course of instruction. M. Davis and M. Buie aro to bo congratulaled upon tho success that has attended their efforts, and that they aro deserving of it is attested by the many hundred testl- REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. 131 triple distilled Jjay spirit and aromatic Bay rum, the Royal extracts of Vanilla, Lemon, Almond, Ac, Payson'a ]\Inrk- ing Ink, Jackson's Markins; Ink, Brown's French Dressing, Satin Polish and Neat Housekeeper's Stove Dressing, Bearino, Dr. Channing's Sarsaparilla, Murray and Lan- man'a Florida Water, Fowlo's Pile and Tumor Cure, Henry's Carbolic Palve, Strengthening, Belladonna, Roll and other Plasters, Tcbbott's Hair Regenerator, Wycth's Beef, Iron and Wine, Cod Liver Oil and Hypophosphites, Montliiol Pencils, Chlorate of Potash Tablets, Fluid Extracts, Elixirs, &c., i-c., Dr. Smith's Gorman Worm Remedy, Electro Silicon, Rhubarb and Soda Tablets, Sulphate of Quinine, and many other first-class preparations. Not forgetting Ricksecker's elegant lino of Porfumes, Cologne Waters, &c., which are now the leading perfumes of the day. «. flnuthier. Fancy and Stable Dry Goods, Wholesale and Retail, 1997 Notre Damo Street West, Montreal. ..!;ffru..^t».il:(t.,i!i'! .::;;!i;v:rii;i;ri!i:i;:i-;.^ cocoaincand extracts of vanilla, lemon, &o., floral per- fumes, triple extracts, lotus of tho Nile, superior Cologne waters, triple distilled bay spirit and aroicatio bay rum, the royal extracts of vanilla, lemon, almond, &o., cos- metics, hair lotions, dentifrices, rouges, &c., Ac, Payson's marking ink, Jackson's marking ink. Brown's French dressing, satin polish and neat housekeeper's stove dress- ing, bon ton shoo polish, bearino. Dr. Channing's sarsapa- rilla, Murray and Liinman's Florida water, Fowlo's pile and humor cure, Henry's carbolic salvo, strengthening, belladonna, roll and other plasters, Tebbett's hair regene- rator, constitutional catarrh remedy, Wyeth's beef, iron and wine, cod liver oil and hypophosphites, menthol pen- cils, chlorate of potash tablets, fluid extracts, elixirs, Ac, Ac, Dr. Smith's German worm remedy and guaranteed catarrh cure, electro silicon, rhubarb and soda tablets, sulphate of quinine, Chas. T. White Chemical Co.'a strych- nia, and many other first-class preparations. '(Li'mited), manufacturers and agents for a number of epecialtiesin the line of drugs, proprietary and pharmaceu- tical preparations. Tho establishment is ono of the krgcst and most elegant, and is conspicuous among tho grand business blocks in tho city, and in point of exterior and interior finish is the most complete of any in Montreal. Tho structure is of brick, with ornauental sandstone trim- mings. It has 404 square feet of frontage, and forms three sides of a square, and is four storeys in height. It is well fitted up, and furnished with special maohincry'and run by steam power, and tho lino of preparations manufac- tured embraces a long list) which is headed with Perry Davis's Pain Killer, a preparation known throughout tho world. Tho Davis and Lawrence Co. (Limited) is tho out- growth of a business established by Perry Davis A Son, and has become ouo of tho largest and most important business concerns in the Dominion of Canada. Tho Presi- dent is W. V. Lawrence, and Sec-Treas. John S. Bates, gentlemen holding high positions in commercial circles. Among tho specialties of this firm aro Pain-killer, Allen's lung balsam, Fellow's syrup of hypophosphites, Bristol's sarsaparilla and pills, Campbell's Cathartic Compound and Tonic Elixir, Maud S Condition Powders, Burnett's Cocaine *nd extract of Vanilla, Lemon, Ac, Lotus of tho Nile, li. H. Pnckard & Co., Importers and Wholesale Dealers in Shoe Findings, and Manufacturers of Shoe- makers' Inks, Bronze, Dressings, Ac.> lO^i AIcGiU Street, —Tho establishment of L H. Packard A Co., as importers and wholesale dealers in shoo findings and manufacturers of shoemakers' inks, bronze, dressin.;s, Ac, is ono of tho most important houses in this lino of business in the Do- minion. It has been established a number of years, and has always controlled a largo trade derived from all parts of tho country. Its reputation has always been of tho highest, and the goods of a standard character command- ing the attention of tho trade. An immense stock of goods is always carried, and in tho- general assortment will bo found all articles required by boot and shoemakers and manufacturers of tho best class, and those who form busi- ness relations with this house will find they can obtain just what they want at tho lowest prices, and that tho lino of goods will always give satisfaction. The ctook is always kept up to a full standard, so that all orders will receive immediate attention. Mr. Packard has for many years resided in Montreal, and has become thoroughly identified with its interests. Ho is popular and prominent in com- mercial circles,. ind enjoys the confidence and regard of the trade in tho highest degree. 132 MONTREAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. Montrenl Saw Worlis, 4i2 St. Paul Street, Manu- facturers of every hono connection with all parts of the city and suburbs. m'K>'/m^ %» m^. The Mnii Ure A«8iirauce Company of Cnn- sdn, Head-office, KU, St. James Street, Montreal. ^Tho assurance companies or tho Dominion of Canada have always enjoyed a reputa\ion for high standing and sta- bility. Prominent among them is the Sun Life Assurance Company, which as a homOt company has won the esteem and regard of tho public tliroughout the whole Dominion . During its career, which dates f-om 1805, it has grown to bo one of the largest and most reliable among the staunch and streng insurance companies of tho world- Its affairs are conducted by sound, practical business men of wealth and expcrionee, whoso aim is to offer tho best security to the assurej, and that they have been successful is shown by the amount of business transacted during tho past ten years. In 1874 the applications received amounted to ■$621,ai2.00, and the amount in force to $1,780,092.00. In 1885 tho applications received amounted to over $t,OiX),000, and the amount in force reached over $11,000,000. The total assets at tho close of 1885 were $1,411,004.33, and the annual income over $319,937.05. In selecting tho risks tho company have exercised great caution, but when a policy has been issued, it is paid, when death happens, promptly and in full. Promptness in all its transactions is one of the chief characteristics of the company, which, combined with strict economy in its management, has made it one of the most popular with the people, wliosc confidence it «njoys in tho higliest degree. It is tho only company in the Dominion which issues an absolutely unconditional iif e policy, one with which there is no possibility of trouble arising. This fact no doubt accounts largely for its popu- larity. It also pays its claims immediately after proof of ■death, without waiting for the expiration of sixty or ninety days as most companies do. Tho whole character •of its management is such that we can most heartily recommend this company to our readers for its strength, solidity, and tho liberality of its dealings with its policy holders. Tho officeis of the company arc : Tliomas Work- man, Esq., President ; K. Macaulay, Managing Director ; (ieo. Wilkins, M.D., M.R.C.S., Chief Medical OBicer ; and tho Directors, Thomas Workman, Esq., A. P. Gault, Esq.i Hon. A. W. Ogilvic, Robt. Anderson, Esq., J.S.McLachlan, Esq., Alex. Macpiierson, Esq,, S. H. Ewing, Esq., W. J. Withall,Esq.,ull of whom are gentlemen of tho highest standing, holding prominent positions in the community as capitalists and enterprising merchants and business men. Their names alone are a sufficient gu!vrantee of tho standing of tlio company, and sliow the high estimation in which it is hold by tho citizens of Montreal as the leading insurance company of tho metropolis. Bonrrct, Tarcot * Co., Jlount Royal Wine Vin- egar Works, 24 and 26, St. Dizier Street.— Among the many industries carried on in Montreal, tho manufacture of vinegar is an important one, and forms one of tho chief articles of commerce. The largest establishment devoted to this line of production is that known as the Mount Iloyal Wine Vinegar Works, which are located at 24 and 2S St. Dizier Street, in tho Nun's Duildings. Tho works are provided with all the special machinery and appliances required in tho course of the manufacture, the products havinga wide celebrity, being pronounced the best made in Canada, an evidence of which is attested by the fact that at tho Groat Exhibition held in 1884,agoId medal and diploma were awarded for the general purity and excellence of tho white wine vinegar manufactured, and also mixed pickles. The co-partners, Mr. L. A. Bourret and Mr. G. Turcot, are both popular business man and held in esteem by the community. Amongt tho diflerent brands of pure vinegar manufactured, arc,— Mount Royal (which is made a specialty of the house). Pure Malt, Bordeaux XXX,, Amber Pickling, Ex. White Wine XX and XXX, and all kinds of mixed pickles. The products of this firm are standard on the market, and alw.ays command tho atten- tion of the trade. An immense business is done v>ith all parts of tho Dominion, and tho goods aro held in high esteem by the trade and connoisseurs. John IiCWis, Dispensing Chemist, Victoria Square. One of tho best conducted among the popular establish- ments for tho sale of medicine and drugs in Montreal is that of Mr. John Lewis, which is located in tho handsome ornamental building of the Young Men a Christian Associ- ation in Victoria Square. Mr. Lewis has always been popu- lar, in fact, no name is more honourably associated with the trade. Ho is a regular graduate of tho Montreal College of Pharmacj-, and is a member of the College of Pharmacy of Quebec. His business experience extends over eighteen years, and ho is familiar with drugs and their properties. As a practical chemist and druggist ho makes a specialty of physicians' prescriptions and difficult formula;, and has become celebrated for the skill, exactitude, and prompt- ness witli which he prepares them. The store is probably one of tho neatest and most tastefully arranged in the city and made attractive by handsome show cases and ornamental counters, and fittings and furnishings. All tho various drugs, chemicals, pharmaceutical preparations and proprietary remedies comprise the stock, also per- fumery, and toilet and fancy articles, and all those articles required by physicians in their practice, and the finest English and German chemicals, and English, French and American pharmaceutical preparations and specialties. Mr, Lewis is an honored member of tho useful fraternity of pharmaceutists, and is a highly respected member of society. 134 MONTREAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. Tlie Modern TnrkiNli or Romnn Bath.— This Institution,'i)lea?iintly situated at 110 St. Mc)iii(|iio Street, foot of Mc(Jill CollcKo Avenue, Montreal, was establiflieil in 1809. In 1873 it vma re-built and enlarged, and in 18S4 improved and re-furnished. In 18S5 it was again enlarged by thrj addition of two wind's, one of which is five storeys high, and the other three, and as stands to-day, it is one of the largest, the most comulot'j, luxurious, and best enii- etructcdUlHtli Ion [this Continent. Tlio principle of the rning bath. The completion of the bath consists in passing another chamber, vi/,., the boiling r«*m, where, at the ordinary house temperature, he is envolopMl in a slioct, and reclines on an easy chair, thus securing rest and quiet, ond the body prepared for the outer world, the wliolc process occupies one hour and .i-half, but not infre(|ucntly two hours arc given to this luxury, which is without exception, conaidcnM' by adepts to be one ofltho greatest physical luxuries known. Doctor D. 15. A. Mac- Turltish Bath consists in bathing the entire body in dry, heated air, in a succession of chambers that vary in tem- perature from 110 to ISO. The heat provided is of the best quality, being produced from a series of brick flues whoso surfaces radiate the best quality of heat known to Science, which heated air is kept constantly clianging by a system of perfect ventilation. After profuse persjiiral ion is estab- lished, then follows the process known as shampooing in sei)ttrato and private apartments constructed of Italian marble. After the completion of which process he (the patient) is subjected at his i)leasuro to the diflerent water arrangements, which consists of sprays, showers, douches, the spring and needle bath, and linally the plunge or swim- bean was the founder of this Institution, andfcontinues bo its physician and manager, and by courteous and cap- able management, has won for it a largo regular list of patrons. Associateii with the Turkish Bath is a complete Sanitarium, providing over sixty rooms for the reception of i>aticnts from a distance, as well as for others in the city^vlio'may wish to avail themselves of the many advan- tages and privileges of this Institution. Special attention is devoted t» I he treatment of chronic diseases. In the treatment Tof Rheumatism alone, this Institution has acciuircd an extensive reputation. Every facility exists for tho administration ofl" many of the various forms of llydro-Tliourapeutic treatment, as well as for the praotico REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. 136 I t)io ilicet, and the not ioh is Who Mao- . t 01 tlio "Swedish Movement Cure," and of MaBsoge, the moat recent apparatus in connection with these valuable jygtemsof treatment having recently been introduced. An Electrical Department is next in order, and is at this Vriting being contemplated, and in a short time will bo added, making the Institution complete in every particu- lar for the cla.«s of diseases which is its object and aim. Dr. Macbcan is well-known to the profession and the citizens of Montreal as a successful and reliable physician. The establishment is unquestionably a fine one, and satis- factory in all its appointments. It is managed on Health principles throughout, thorough syiitcm prevails, and the utmost cleanliness is observed. It has thus become, not only a favorite resort for bathing purposes, but as an Institute for tho cure of diseases, and must continue to commend itself to the con&dence, esteem, and considera- tiii" iif an approeiativo public, public. 3Ioutrcnl Kooanyr CouipHiiy, Metal, .Slate and Cement lUtolcr.-', cor. Latour Street and Busby Lane.— There are certain enterprises iu Montreal which cannot bo regarded as of secondary importance to the prosperity of the city iu an industrial sense. Of such tirms as are en- titled to consideration, and would naturally bo suggested by the above remark.s, i'lio Aliiiitii.;il liMulini^ Co., must not bo overlooked. The members of the lirm are practical men and experts in tlieir line, and havo by their strict attention to business become recognized as tho lead- ing rooling lirm in tho city- They carry on tho rooting business in all its branches, viz., aclinolito cciucnt, gal vaiiizcd iron, t-lato and gravel rouling, and aro also exten- sively engaged in the mauufacturo of galvauiicd iron cornices, skylights and conservatories, which they supply to tho trade throughout tho Dominion. Tho actiuolito cement rooling, for which the lirm aro tho agents iu this city, supi)Iies a long felt want in the building trade, as it ia laid on at a low jirice, and at tho samo time is tho best and most durable material for flat surfaces that has yet been placed on tho market. It was only after years of experimenting, and a large outlay of time and money, that Thu .Montreal ilooruu' Co. suooeeaod in getting a material that would meet all requirements, but in actino- lito cement rooling they aro now meeting with a reward for their 11 ist endeavours, as it has been used on all tho principal i uildings that have been erected since its intro- duction. 1 ho premises of tho firm aro situated at the corner of Latour Street and Busby L;ine. Tho building, which is a substantial brick structure, is well arranged and provided with evety facility for manufacturing pox- poses, and a force of skilled workmen is constantly em- ployed, who aro under tho immediate supervision of tho firm. Tho firm do a largo business throughout the city and country as roofers, and always guarantee the work to bo done in the best .Tud most workmanlike manner, at the lowest price. Plans and cstimaies arc furnished on appli- cation, and satistaction always guaranteed. J. Wentworth Hill, Warehouseman, cor. William and Queen Streets; office, 48, William Street- — A useful and valuable class of merchants in Montreal are those who furnish storage for goods and commodities, and who are known as warehou-scmen. Among them, and holding a prominent position, is Mr- J. AVentworth ilill, who has been idcntilied with it for upwai'ds of a quarter of a cen- tury. Mr. Dill has ample warehouses for oil kinds of mer- chandise in bond or free, and spacious yardage for pig iron, railroad iron, coal, Ac. Mr. Ilill is well known throughout the city, and in commercial circles he will be found a reliable gentleman with ^hom to form buaineu relations. Ho is popular and priminent as a merchant and citizen, and frivcs references ',o J- D. Crawford, Esq-, Henry A. Budden, Esq., Messrs William Dow & Co., Messrs- Henry Chapman & Co., and Messrs. J- M. Douglaa and Co. J. D. Farrow, Importer and Dealer in Paints, Oil, Jic-, 1822 Notre Damo and 30 St- Helen Streets.— Tho establishment known as the " Lo'idon Paint House" if well provided with every facilitj for business purposes, and a lar^e stock of goods is always carried, embracing all kinds of paints, white lead, in oil aud dry, varnishet, oot- tago colours, oils, brushes, i^c, and also artists' materials and everything belonging to this lino of trade- Mr. J- D. Farrow is a practical yoong business man, and enjoys tho rcgardjand esteem of his follow citizens in tho highest de- gree- This business house is popular, and exerts in no small degree an influence upon the commoroial advantages of the city. Oswald Bros., Stock Brokers, 53 and 55, St. Francois Xavier Street.— Among the prominent well known stock brokers of long established reputation engaged in the operations of the day, dealing extensively in tho best secu- rities, and conducting heavy financial transactions, is tho firm of Oswald Bros., who aro members of tho Montreal Stock Exchange, and carry on a largo business in the pur- chase and sale of all Qrst-class securities, either on margin or for cash. Their clientage is very large, and their con- nections extended and complete- They havo the best facilities for conducting transactions in London (Eng-), or in New York, in both of which cities they have correspon- dents. Tho firm gives prompt attention to orders or in- quiries by mail or telegraph, and will bo found prompt and reliable in all tnansaotions- Mr. W. 11- Oswald is well and favourably known to tho whole community, and enjoys the esteem and regard of all who have business relations with his house. Duiinis, Brieu, Contlee A Co., Grand Syndicate of the Dominion, Importers of First-class Dress and Fancy Goods, original house A. Pilon & Co. (sign the Two Golden Balls), 647 and 649, St. Catherine Street-— The firm of Dupuis, Bricn, CoutI6o & Co-, are successors to tho old establish' house of A. Pilon Sc Co- Tho business com- prises a general lino of dry goods, silks, cashmeres, and dress poods in all the popular styles and most fashionable designs from the looms of the most distinguished manu- facturers of Europe, together with millinery and fancy goods, carpets, Ac, of every description- Tho premises consist of a handsome, large, mas.iive four-story structure, presenting an imposing appcarsinco. The front elevation is of ornamental cut stone, and the building is conspicuous by tho sign of tho " two golden balls." In depth it is 150 feet, and it has a front of t''fecf. Each department is under tho immediate super\'ision of a member of tho firm, tho syndicate being composed as follows :— John llaly, E, M. Dupuis, A. -Scnecal, W. Gendron, J. E- Prairio, J. P. Coutlde, J. Edmond Dupuis, JI. L. C. Lamarohe, E. M. Brien, Odilon Lemire. Ou the first floor of tho establish- ment aro the departments devoted to imported dress goods. Sec, E. .M- Dupuis floor walker. Tho linens, flannels, &c., aro under the care of Mr. A. Seneoal, an enterprising business man of tact and energy. Mr. E. M. Brien has charge of tho dress goods department, and en- joys tho regard of all who visit the house. On the same floor ia the department of hosiery and gloves, which is under the efficient management of Mr. M. L. C. Lamarohe, 136 MONTREAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. a yonnff, active raoroliantof thurouKli buaincsa ability. On tlio 8C00111I Hour iiro tliu ciirpot, cloth, hhawl, millinery, and other ilci':irtniont!i, Mr. W. (lOiKlron hiiving cliarno of these (lopiirlinonts. The carpet (lopartment is iDoked nftor by Mr. J. Kdniond Diipui.-', who bus a full anil cum- prohonsivo knowledLjo of every liniicli of tbid lino of trade. On the third flour U Iho nicrchiint tiiilorins and dressmaking departments, and , and as ho conducts business upon II policy of Htriot commercial intoRrity and fair dcalinK. has established a reputation inthotrado for promptness and liberalily tliat fully ontillos him to tho cstoora and consideration ho enjoys- jr. H. Wnlker, Engraver on Wood. 132, St- James Street, and 110, St. Francois Xavior Street.— Tho general neco.«!'i(y of illustration Iiaa brought into requisition an extended and varied use of tho talents of nrtist and engraver; tlie dimblo demands of tho book- maker and tho merchant havo led to a necessary combination of art and business iu forms that liavo assisted tho ono and eleva- ted tho other. Montreal is fully ublo to take n noted rank in tho productions of tho artist and en- graver in ori«inal designs, and in its skilful and beautiful reproductions. In this lino none can bo named more promising or more capable than .Mr. J. II. Walker, who has continued iu tho business since 1850. lie makes a specialty of wood and metal ongravinK, and for beautiful original design and nrtistio execution ho is not surpassed by any other on this continent. Ho has executed lino engraved work for publication and business bouses, and his long cxporionoo in art enables him to fully understand tho requirements of his patrons. As a designer he has few, if any, equals; many of his productions call forth praises for their beauty and originality in concep- tion, and neatness and delicacy in execution. Ills ability to accomplish in tho mo-st skilful manner whateve.' ho undertakes, combined with judgment and knowledge of tho art needs of his profession, ensure to Mr. Walker a proud position among the artists in his lino of business. W. I. F^nwlck, Stockbroker, No- 3 Stock Exchange Buildings, St. Sacrament Street.— Tho vast Cnancial in- terests which oontro in Montreal and tho constant influx of capital ..-foking investment call for tho services of ex- perienced and valuable agents through whom moneyed transactions may bo effected safely. Those who rcquiro tho advice .and assistance of an honorable house in tho purchase and sale of stocks or bonds, or conducting finan- cial operations, will find Mr. AV. I. Fonwiek to bo ono of the best known among tho leading broker.^ connected with the Montreal Stock Exohango. Mr. Fenwiek conducts a largo business, buying and selling all listod securities, and through his oxtonsivo connections has tho best opportun- ities for securing tho interests of his numerous clients. Miscellaneous stocks, bonds and debentures are bought and sold for investment or margin. Mr. Fenwiok will ha found prompt and attentive to all orders entrusted to his care. IIo has unsurpassed facilities for making sales or investments of the most satisfactory character. Mr. Fenwiok has had an extended oxperionco in the business, and as ho is an esteemed citizen and well-known in com- mercial circles, he will bo found ono of tho most desirable gentlemen with whom to do business iu the way of pur- chase or sale of moneyed securities- jr. A A. V. Lnri vlore. Carriage and Sleigh nuildcrs ; Warorooms, 74 St. ,\ntoino Stroot ; factories, 7.1 and 7.) ,St. Antoino Street. —This firm luis gained n widn reputation for tho standard chanicter of ito workmanship, and tho enterprise and energy dovolopod iu llio business, Tho equipment of tlio establishment in luoclianieal appli- ance anil every convonicnco roqui.fito for tho perfection of tho work may bo rated as llrst-olass in every rc^poot, and ft largo force of skilled artizans is engaged in tho various departments. The work of tho firm is not sur- passed, and as regards stylo, elegance of finish, neatness and goueral suporioriiy will comparo favorably with any first-class manufaotiires on this Continent. Tho best seasoned wood ami the finest steel and iron aro used in all work, and nothinj? is omitted lliat would add to tho strength, beauty, and durability of tho dilferont vehicles, which include phnatoiis, post-carriages, buggies, and single and double carriages, and sleighs of every description. Messrs. N. & A. C. Liiriviero have also a department for making repairs, and all work is guaranteed to bo done iu tho best and most workmanlike manner. Both members of tho firm aro natives of Canada.. .Mossr'. N'. & A. C. Larivicro aro also members of tho firm of Lariviero ifc l)ub6, lumber merchants and manufacturers of mouldings, etc. They have received numerous medals and diplomas at tho exhibitions held in all tho largo cities. Among other medals and diplomas are:— Provincial Exhibition, 18G5, ten first and extra prizes and diploma; Provincial E.xhibition, 13GS, twelve fwst and extra prizes; Ottawa, 1379, eleven first and extra prizes ; Montreal, ISSO, sixteen first and extra prizes and four diplomas; Aluntroal, 1S81, twelve first and extra prizes and diplomas; Montreal, 1S82, eleven first and five extra prizes and diploma. Jobii S. Sbenrer & Co., Cotton and Woolen Goods, 7, St. Helen Street.— Prominent among tho well-known businessmen in Montreal aro Messrs. John S. Shearer & Co., who, as manufacturers and general agents, represent a number of the leading English and Canadian manufac- turers of fine cotton and woolen goods of every description. Tho firm place their goods on tho market and supply the wholesale trade at the very lowest quotations. Mr. John S. Shearer has had an extendod experience in tho business, and is familiar with this class of goods, their qualities and values, and can always otter tho very best inducements to buyers. Ho has resided in Montreal many years, and dur- ing a successful business career h.as gained a wide pop- ularity as ft useful, influential merchant and citizen, and holds a high position among tho prominent representative merchants of the metropolis of the Domiuion. Sleldrain Itros., Coal Merchants and General Car- ters; oflieo and yards, 32, Wellington Street. — Conducting the coal trado in Montreal there are a number of enter- prising merchants of capital and energy, among whom is tho firm of Mcldrum Bros., who sapply a largo demand from the manufacturers and tho citizens, furnishint: the best quality of anthraeito of all sizes, and also bituminous coal at tho lowest market prices. Messrs. IMelilrnra Bros, also have a large carting business with veliiclesof all de- scriptions, running over 60 horses regularly to and from depots, landings, and in and about tho city, A'candaro highly recommended for promptness, caro and attention given to all demands niado upon them. Tho brothers Robert and James Mcldrum aro favourably known to the commercial community, and as merchants and citizens enjoy the confidence and I egard of all who havo dealings with them. 188 MONTREAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. J. W. «1- K. 4'. Iloitkluii, ArchitrotB and Valuatorii 145, .St. .James .Street.— Aiuoiik tlio arcliiteots of .Muutroal, there nro nmiu wlinoiijuy a iiuiruoxtoiulcd reputation tlian Meters. J. \V. &, U. C. lloiikina, and there aro no utherM nhu merit tho distinction aconrdcil tliu firm, wlioso many evi- dences ol' arcliitectnnil iltilluro to bo seen on almost OTcry tboroutslifare. Tho senior partner hiu<, durit', tho Wadcll BuildinK, and many others. Amung the private residences aro Ihojo of tho hito J. Iledpatb.Esq, A. Allan, Usq, 11. U. Angus, Ksq., A. Savage, Ksq.iIIon. J. Ilamilton, &o. These buildings and residences greatly add to the beauty of Montreal, and aro among tho flncst of the many largo cdiUces which adorn tho city and attract the attention of visitors. Tho firm oro highly recom- mended by public oQlcials and by merchants and citizens generally, and from tho many evidences of their i^kill and ability aro certainly amongst tho most ablo of the archi- tects of British North America. Ttao Montreal Hteniu Laundry Co. (fjlmlted). —2H and 23, St. Antoiuo iitreat ; T. il. Love, managing director.— No establishment of a similar uuturo in the city is more thoroughly equipped or managed, or can give greater satisfaction, than that which is under tho manngo- ment of Mr. T. U. Love. It is well patronised by all tho leading families, who find they can have laundry work done much better, and without inconvenience, at this osia- blishmont than at home, and that, too, at tho most econ- omical prices. A large business is also done fur liie hotels us well OS families, equal care and attention being given to all work. Special cure is also taken to see that no goods are lost or exchanged, and tho groat virtue of r'romptness is rigidly adhered to in filling orders ataspociiicd timo. Tho character of tho work is strictly first-cla.is in every respect, and no injurious substances are umplcyod in the washing or Unishing process. Th? capacity of the establish- ment is large, and a great numbir of employe's are con- startly engaged. Orders may be sent to the laundry by mail.tclogragh, or telephone, and under tho poi'foct system established each will bo properly recorded and attended to. Tho laundry occupies a large, substantial brick building at Nos. 21i and 23, St. Antoino Street. It is the largest in tho city, and tho most important, prominent and reliable. The company also manufacture shirts, collars, and culTs to order, and cut to measure upon scientific principles. Mr- T. II. Love, tho managing director, is an experienced busi- ness man, and under his able and efficient management the business is ste,adily increasing. J. U. Walker, Paper Stock, Metals, and Qeneral Merchandise, No. l.") Comnidn Strec;.— Among tho industries that have recently grown up from small things is the collection and grouping together of old and new waste materials of all kinds, from tho worn-out old rubber ehoc, half buried in tho clay in tho gutter, to tho snowy white s.ick of clippings from tho shirt factory. From Iliilifax to Victoria, throughout tho length and breadth of ■ tho country, the rag gatherer, tho pedlar, and tho travel- ling tinman aro evcron their rounds, buying, trading, pick- ing up. Rags, waste paper, hair, rubber, broken glass, old iron, brass, pewter, and all tho common metals are accu- nulated, chiefly by tho tinware dealers in tho country towns, and from them sent by rail to tho city, where in tb» rag factory of tho paper-stock dealer they aro sorted, olaii.4011 and ro-cliu Aiid rupply tlio trulo of Cunada witli Iho lic'.'oha. DnvlU Ken, Jr., Importer of British and Foreign Loathera and tjoneral Muroliandisu.— Among tho well- known, popular merchants in Montreal is Mr. David Uoa, Jr., who oonduots a larpte business as an importer of British and loroiKn loathcra and tjoneral merchandise, ami sup- plies a widu.sproad wholcsnlu und jobbing trado in dilTeront parts of tho Dmuinion. Mr. Kea is constantly recoivinu by each steamer an assortment of gonuino Moroccos, Levant goats, soal-i, Persians, kid, glove, satin and p.atent calf, skivers in all colours, maroquins, chamois, &o. Also book- binders' and upliolsterora' leathers, coniprisinK roiiah calf, goat and shcup ; colored goats, Moroccos and 1'orsiu.ns ; grained and plain fikivcrs, Ac. Bookbinders' cloth and thread, and a Renoral assortment of elastic gusset webs, silk, terry, ghu.'d and cotton ; Gorman slippiT patterns, Qerman and French boots, Ao. Ajjont for tho Dominion for UaiUard and Diouis' French giacc ffuits. lie al.-o keeps a full stock on hand, and is prepared to meet the deuiiinels of tho trade at thu lowest market prices. He has a very desirable location, and tho business establi.ih- mcnt is well arranged and provided with every convcnieiiei' for bu.?incss purposes. Mr- Uoa has resided in Montreal many years, and as a business man is held in high regard. P. K. Qanuon &, Co., (Jrocors and General Wine Merchants, Wholesale and Kotail,1915 Xotro Damo Street. —Among the popular, well-known, old-established gi'occrs located on Notre Dam') Street is tho firm of 1'. E. tiannon ic Co., situated at No. I'Jli in that thoroughfare. Mr. Gannon, tho proprietor, has had an cvtouded osiwrienco in the trade, and hius always boon held in high regard as a liberal, honorable merchant and useful, public-spirited, in- fluential eitincu. He enjoys a largo, widespread custom, and fully knowing thu wants of his customers can always uecl their demands in the most satisfactory mauuer with tho best class of goods al the lowest price. Tho business is boih wholesale and retail, and a heavy stock is always curried, comprising all kinds of imported and domestic staple and fancy groceries, tho choicest China and Japan teas, and Mocha, Java and South American coffee.-', pure Bpices, hermetically sealed goods, table delicacies, condi- ments, imported wines and liquors in wood and glass, all the leading brands of family flour and grocers' special- ties and fancy goods. Mr. Gannon ie a courteous and polite gentleman, and well deserves tho success he has attained and the eousidcratiou in which ho is hold by all clofises of the community. J. & R. IVeir, EDginccrs and Machinists, 23 to 33 Nazareth Street.— In the line of machinery there is prob- ably no other Arm bettor known or with a higher reputation than that of J. & 11. Weir, who, as practical engineers and machinists, construct everything belonging to this branch of trado, having had twenty-five years experience in marine engine and boiler work, including stationary engines, shafting, pulleys, etc. Mcsrrs. J. A R. Weir stand high in repute for excellence of workmanship, and have business traniactiona with a groat many of tho manufaoluring esta- blishments in tho city and diOeront parts of ilio Provincos of Ontario and (Quebec. They have been ns4uoiatod «inoe 1476, have established a large, successful business, and' enjoy distinction as able and 8killc ,t 7, Commissioners Strott, opposite St. Ann's Market. — Montreal, the commercial metropolis of tho Dominion of Canada, can, above all, rightfully claim pre- emineneo among tho cities of tho country fis being tho largest produco cei.tro and grain shipping port of tho Dominion ; and only second in importiuiec, in this respect, to the City of Kew York, on tho contiueat. Montreal has for many years held its own in tho most important lino of trade, and its produco merchants havo always ranked amongst the largest and most enterjirising dealer? on tho continent. And how many and varied are its different in- terests. Hero can bo seen in tho summer season tho inland shipping, laden with grain carried right through, without breaking bulk, from tho grain centres of Port Arthur, Duluth, Chicago, Buffalo and Toronto, also hundreds of smaller vessels from all points of tho compass, and upon its wharves and sidings railway freight trains, from all parts of tho Western continent, filled with cattle, flour grain, dairy produce, ic, &c., all helping with their bur- dens to load tho magnificent fleets of ocean steamers and sailing vessels, from all parts of the world, which throng its spacious harbour. Among (ho prominent houses en- gaged in the produco trado in tho city is that of Mr. Joseph Ward, who is ono of tho largest local whole- sale dealers in grain, flour and dairy produce. Mr. Ward has been connected with this trado in Montroal from early boyhood, and has throughout identified himself with it. lie is a gentleman of largo capital and long business ex- perience, and is perhaps tho most widely known in tho produco trado of tho country for tho liberal manner in which ho conducts his business, and for tho high standing of Lis commoroial integrity. His oflico and warehouses ura [Crcbants and advantage to t assured that irs Tobaccos, Tobacconists' , Xotro Damo ) largest csta- tobacco trade root is that of ;ii??can & Co., onspicuous by oily Tar." The nnd wholesale nd tobaccos of opiilar brands, ted Virginia owing tobac- aiira and briar icconists' sun- and all arti- thoso who uso ny forms. They for Wcyman's r, and carrj on witli the trade section of tho ibcc, and with it real. Mr. AI- )usincs3 man, of wholo commu- ecr, has always right, honorable rJrain Merchant, osito St. Ann's etropolis of tho fully claim pre- ry as being tho iiig port of tho !, in this respect, . Moutroal has important lino of always ranked ig dealers on tho D its diflercnt iu- ;easo!i the inland through, without of Port Arthur, ilso hundreds of mpass, and upon trains, from all rith cattle, flour g with their bur- !an steamers and •Id, which throng linent houses on- ly is that of Mr. ;est local whole- iducc. Mr. Ward intreal from early himself with it. ong business cx- •ly known in tho beral manner in tho high standing id warehouses ara ilEPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. 141 situated in tho very centre of tho trade, opposite St. Ann's Market, being Nos. 321, SZ\ 325, 327 and 329, Commis- sioners Street, extending right through to tho nest street in tho rear. The building is a substantial cut-stono struc- ture, having four flats and a largo cellar, all of which are used for tho storage of produce. Tho building, of wliich ho is tho owner, was rc-modolled a few years ago througb- out and especially adapted to his trade. It is provided with refrigerators for summer storage, and all goods loft with Mr. Ward aro kept in primo markotablo condition. AH kinds of produce and provisions can bo procured here, such as butter, cheese, eggs, pork, dressed hogs, lard, tallow, and all kinds of grain, flour, meal, hops, beans, driofjffruits, itr ' tc. Those who have business relations with Mr. Ward aiwuys find him prompt and exact in his dealings. IIo sells direct to tho trade and for export ; is a member of tho Corn Exchange, and is considered one of tho most active and prominent young merchants in this lino of trade in Montreal. llnrris. IIotHiiau A Co., Manufacturers of the Cross-I'adiit .Sewed Leather Belting, 124 A; 120 Uiicen St.— Of all manufacturing enterprises which are located in Montreal, tho manufacture of leather-belting is one well given to have it perfect in every respect. Mr. A, W. Harris and Mr. John lleenan have had many years expe- rienooas maunfacturcrs of belting and have as yet founj nothing that equals tho Patent-stilchcd Belt, which is destined to come into universal use. Cardinal evod a wide celebrity as being ono among tho leaders of gentle- men's fashions in tho city. Tho premises occupied ore fitted up with neatness and tastefully arranged, and are well stocked with a largo and valuable assortment of English, Scotch and French woollens for suitings; broad- cloth, A'C, of their own importatl."^'!, which they cut and make to order in tho most fashionable styles at moderate prices. Tho firm control a largo custom trade, derived from a;i. uig tho merchants and ciiizcns, by whom thoy are endorsed and recommended for their taste and skill in making perfect fitting stylish clothing. Mr. L. N. Cardinal is of Canada and of French descent- lio is well and favourably known to the whole comm :mty, and popular with all who patroiiiso him. piaced, and none but the experienced can form any idea of the extent this article enters into the make up of the mills and various manufacturing cstabliphnionts. Of all the various articles that have been used for belts, nothing has yet been found equal to leather, and those known .is tho " Cross " Patent Sewed Leather lieltiiigarc indeed tho acme of perfection. Those bolts aro manufacturoii by Harris, Hocnan A' Co., nnd always present a smooth un- broken surface to the pulley, aro more pliable and slipless, and as every part of the belt touches tho pulley, no power is lost. The bolt will not .tretch, as it is stretched longi- tudinally from end to end by double lock-stitched, waxed thread and guarantood to uansmit ono-quartor more r<5wor and to practically last fully twice as long as a riveted bolt. It runs without a quiver, nnd, therefore, saves the force lost by tho fluctuations of other belts; runs straightor an;s ''hioh is alike creditable to themselves and to Montreal. They aro upright merchants, and tho tr.adu, when making up their stocks, will find it to their advantage to give this house attention, as the firm are always able to oS'or the very best inducements in the finjst class of goods. 142 MONTREAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. de n. Mncdonald A Co., Manufactnrors of IIoop Skirts, IBustles, &c., 4S1 St. Paul Street.— IIoop skirts, 'bustles, ifec, which were universally worn somo twenty years ago, have again been brought into uso by the freaks of Damo Fashion, and to moot the demand mado by the trade, a number of manufacturing establishments have been put in operation in different parts of the Dominion. The first to introduce the manufacture of those articles in Canada was tho firm of do B. JMacdonald & Co., who established tho business in I860, giving employment to 300 persons, and who continued it until 1872, giving up tho business when tho uso of tho hoop skirt and bustlo " went out." But as history repeats itself, so do fashions, and tho hoop skirt and the bustlo onco more reign supreme. As this firm was tho first introduco tho manufacturo in tho Dominion and had brought tho styles, as well as tho finish of the articles turned out to tho highest state of per- fection, and was considered tlio leader in this line of ^production, it has again begun operations and placed on tho market several lines of tho most stylish and desirable goods which find favor with tho trodo in all parts of Canada. Tho firm began operations in July, 1884, and sinoo then havo established a largo trade. They refer to the wholesale dry goods trade, who rccon^mond the goods, and who find a ready sale for all that is produced. Messrs. de B. Macdonald & Co. manufacture fine hoop skirts, bustles, also dress and corset springs, and in the manufactory employ a largo force p*' operatives. Tho goods aro tho best in tho market, and as tho prices aro low, always meet with a ready salo. Messrs. do B. Macdonald & Co. have had a longer experience in this lino of manu- facturo in Canada than any other, anu as they aro Tocommended and endorsed by tho wholesale dry goods trade, their goods will always bo found strictly as repre- eentcd, first-class in every respect. Tho firm will furnish, on application, illustrated patterns and prioo list from which orders can bo given quite .is well as from samples. Xjeopold Onlnrnean, Commission Merchant, Wines, -Ac, 3o0 St. Paul Street.— Among thoso engaged in busi- ness ns commission merchants in wines, brandies .and liquors tlicro are no others more prominent than Mr. Leopold Galarneau, SO St. Paul Street, who is tho repre- sentative of some of tho best wine houses in the world. Tiio of the wipe. The Delbeek vj most popular in the United States, and the Delmonico restaurant in New York con- sumes alono from 100 to 150 cases monthly of these wines. Madeiras (Leacock & Co.) aro tho very best in tho marketi and as tho tasto for Madeira is fast returning, these winjs cannot fail to mako their mark. Apart from these, Mr. Qalamoau has agencies for almost every description of wines and liquors. IIo accepted tho agency of Messrs. J. Prunicr & Co., Cognac, who aro introducing their Brandies in Canada for tho first time. They havo so far shipped to all parts of tho world, and do au exten- sive trado with England, Ireland, Norway and Swcdec, and the Australian colonies. Mr. Galarneau also represents ono of tho finest houses in crystallized and glacds fruits, Messrs. Lucardio & Maingay, of Apt. Thoso gentlemen ship tho highest class of crystallized fruits, and aro among tho first in tho trado. Mr. Galarneau keeps a full and complete stock of goods on hand, and obtains "as required, from tho Custom House, such as aro required by tho trado. lie is agent in Canada for tho following Kuropoau houses : Sandeman, Buck & Co. (Pemartin), Xerez, Sherries ; Sandeman & Co., Oporto, Ports ; Sandeman Bros., Lisbon, Bucellas; Delbeek & Co., lleims. Champagnes; Leacock <& Co., Madeira, Madeira Wines ; Crooko Bros. & Co., Malaga, Sherries ; Carey & Co., Alicante, Spanish Rods; Gordon & Co., London, Gins and Orange Bitters; J. Prunier & Co.,Cognac,Brandics; SeurinFreres.Bourdeaux, Clarets; P. Clermont & Cie., Bourdcaux, Clarets ; Alex'r Seignetto, La Rochello, Brandies; E. Alusso, Cognac, Brandies; Lucardio & Maingay, Rotterdam, Gins ; L. Rambaud & Marliagues, Apt, Glacds and Crystallized Fruits; Ily. White i& Co., London, Red Heart Rum : Laidlaw & Sande- man, Galashiels, Scotch Whiskey; DePossel Fils, Mar- seilles, Olivo Oil. IIo supplies a largo dem.ind for the abovo goods, and has a first-class trado with all parts of tho Dominion. Mr. Galarneau has resided in Montreal many years, where ho has always been popular and held in high regard as a useful mci-chant and influential citizen. lie is also a partner in tho firm of P. M. Galarneau & Co., importers of dry goods. JPcraartin Sherries and Sandeman Ports havo a world-wi Jo Toputation. Tho Delbeek & Co Champagnes, which Mr. ■Oalarncau introduced into Canada about three years ■ago, if making its way nobly, owing to tho intrinsic quality J. C. Spence * Sons, Artists in Stained Glass, Mural Decorations, Art Tiles, Brasses, Church Furniture, BIcury Street.- One of tho most popular among tho industries of Montreal in tho production of artistic stained glass work, wliicli is extensively carried on by tho firm of J. C. Spenoo ik Sons, whose est iblishment is ono of tho most important in this line of production in tho Dominion. Tho firm havo achieved a wide reputation and a wonderful degree of suc- cess in designing and executing ecclesiastical and domestic work of every description, and aro pronounced tho best and most tasteful and artistic workmen iu this branch of business in the city. Tho firm have designed and executed ecclesiastical work for a number of churches in tho city and different parts of Canada, also in tho United States, particularly in Philadelphia and Now York; in tho latter city Dr. John Hall's Presbyterian Church among numerous others. They also finish stained glass of all kinds for buildings and dwcIlinK?, and mako a specialty of mural work, furnishing art tiles and brasses for church service, and also artistic church furniture. Mr. J. C. Spenco is from England, lie camo to Canada more than thirty years ago, and has always been engaged in his present business. He is experienced and practical , and as a designer of art istio and beautiful effects is not surpassed by any other. In business he is ably assisted by his sons and co-partners, W. R. and II. J. Sponoc, both of whom aro of Montreal. They arc young, enterprising business men, of fine talents, and REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. 143 the United York con- hese wines, :he market, tbeso winas these, Mr. scription of r of Messrs. ucing their cy have so au csten- nd Sweden, D represents liioda fruits, gentlemen are among u full and "OS required, jy tho trade, tcau houses : Sherries ; ros., Lisbon, cs ; Lcacock Jros. <& Co., luish Ileds ; J. Prunier saux, Clarets; 'r Seignette, , Brandies; Rambaud k Fruits ; Ily. aw & Sando- 1 Fils. Mar- i.(.nd for the all parts of in Montreal r and held in ntial citizen, rneau k Co.| Glass, Mural ituro, Blcury industries of d glass work, J. 0. Spence )st important L'ho Arm have egree of suo- and domestic iced the best liis branch of ind executed 3 in tho city United States, in tho latter ng numerous ill kinds for iltyof mural urch service, C. Spenco is 1 thirty years ient business, nerofartistio ly other. In i-partners,W. )ntreal. They talents, and are popular with nil who know them. Among the many works executed are :— Methodist Church and St. Andrew's Church, St. John, N.B. ; Catholic Churoli, Brockville: Catucdral, Antigonish, N.S., and various churches in all parts of tho Dominion. WilUam Ewingr y«'r A Co., Druggists, 14-16 Phillips Square^ corner of St. Catharine Street.— There is no branch of business of greater importance to a community than that of the druggist and pharmacist, and no establishment has a higher reputation than that of W. A. Dyer it Co. on PiiiKips Square, which is thu most popular in that fash- ionable part of the city. The store is fitted up with care, and is complete in all its departments, llaudsomo plate- glass showcases and ornamental counter add to its attrac- tion, and tho admirable manner in which it is arranged reflects the highest credit on tho skill and good taste of tho firm. Tho assortment of drugs is complete, which, togetlicr with toilet renuisites and all the standard pro- prietary preparations and those articles required by phy- sicians in their practice, are always to be found here. The firm are practical, thoroughly educated chemists, and give personal attention to compounding prescriptions, wliich is done with care and skill. A specialty is also madu of difficult formulas. Messrs. W. A. Dyer & Co. stand high among tho honorable members of the pharma- ceutical fraternity of the Dominion. J. E. Doyle & t'o.. Manufacturers and Importers of Corks, Capsules, Corking Machines, Tinfoil, Bottling WiUt aud Wire, No. 434 St. James Street West.— Among tho business establishmv.nts of Montreal that of tho firm of J. E.Doyle & Co., importers and manufacturers of corks, holds a prominent position and is deserving of more than a passing notice in a review of tho general commercial industries of the city. Tho office and saleroom and factory are located at No. 434 St. James Street. Tho building is large and spacious aud is arranged with a duo regard to facilitate business transactions. A largo force of workmen is employed in manufacturing corks of all sizes for all purposes, and the firm carry on a large busi- ness if cork-wood and maimfactured corks for bottlers, druggists, &c. They also keep in stock, cansules, cot.^ne machines, tinfoil, bottling wax and wire. Corks of any size arc cut to order with promptness and all business i8 conducted upon a sound, liberal, honoiirablo basis. In order to meet demands in tho western section of the Dominion a house has been established at Toronto, whore a large business is also being carried on. Mr. J. E. Doyle and Mr J'. Frcyscng, tho members of tho firm, are practical, r.;liable business men, whoso establishment is tho largest and most important in its lino of manufacture in Canada, and which greatly adds to tho importance of any indua* trial thrift and enterprise of the city of Montreal. specil glove etc. defed of th| S50,q charil ten REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. 145 [ dry and 1 residonts md entcr- I offer ad- jat quality ur, Grain, le in flour, iinong tlio boitiK Mr. number of y and other kca a spe- rc, and also extensively ;d in Mont- 1 of the pcr- ily regarded lips Square» 10 branch of ity than that libhinunt has ycr ii Co. on in that fash- ip with care, ulsome plate- to its attrac- t is arranged good taste of plctc, which, standard pro- micdby phy- , found here. ted chemists, prescriptions, ecialtyisalsa u Dyer & Co. the pharma- Importors of Bottling Wax —Among tho ; tho firm of J. ucrs of corks, I of more than 111 commerciiil saleroom and a Street. Tho igcd with a duo A largo force ig corks of all n a large busi- 3 for bottlers, msules, cot.^ing Corks of any all business ia -.\bIo ba.-iii*. In section of the Toronto, where ft VIr. J. K. Doyle in, are practical, ,t is tho largest uturc in Canada, of any indu»- lontroaL British American DyoitiK Co. Head Office and Works, 2431 to 2435 Notro Damo Street West, Montreal i City Office, 221 McGill Street; East End Office, No. 603 Catherine Street ; Western Office, 90 King Street East, Toronto; 1G2 Sparks Street, Ottawa ; 91 John Street, Quebec ; and 290 Dundas Street, London, Ont. Joseph Allen, Managing Partner.— An immense business is car- ried on in Montreal in dyeing and finishing goodi. The leading and largest establishment engaged in it is that known as the British American Dyeing Company, which bos gained a wide reputation and become familiar as the Gold Medalist Dyers, on account of tho company having received many medals (amongst them one fine gold one) at all the great exhibitions throughout tho Dominion. Tho business was established in 1861, and from that time the works have been enlarged and branch houses and agencies established in all parts of tho Dominion Tho works, which are at No. 2131 to 2435 Notre Dame, are tho most extensive in tho country. The building is substantially 'buill, and is provided with every appliance and facility, including steam power and all the various machines used •for the purpose of turning out first-class work, most of the machinery being constructed from desj^ns furnished by Mr. Joseph Allen, tho managing partner, who has had many years experience in tho business, and has visited all tho great dyeing establishments in England, Germany, France and tho United States. The facilities are such that all work is promptly done and executed in the highest style of the art. In tho establishment seventy hands are employed, and tho business of tho company comes from as far West as Winnipeg, and East as Halifax. A special business is made of dyeing and tluishingsilk,satln, woollens, poplin, ribbons, laoes, veilings, feathers, fringes, velvets, and all kinds dress goods, tweeds, cloakings, cloths, gloves, etc., for tho trade, which is done in the most skilful man- ner, giving tho goods tho appearance of being new. This branch of tho business is conducted on a largo scale. An- other branch of the business is dyeing and cleaning ladies' and gentlemen's wearing apparel without taking apart; a specialty of gentlemen's light summer suits, and also kid gloves, and ds'cing and curling feathers, woolen cloaks, etc. ; and so well is the work performed that all defects are entirely removed. The company is tho largest of the line in tho Dominion, and has invested a capital of $50,000 in tlir business. As an evidence of tho high character of the work done, itisonly necessary to state that ten first-prize diplomas were awarded to the firm as fol- lows :-Montreal, 1868, 1873, ISSO and 1881 ; Toronto, 1873, 1879 and 1881; Ottawa, 1879; Quebec, 1877; Loudon. 1881 j also one gold medal and three bronzo medals. Mr. Joseph Allen is managing partner, and Mr. Oeorgo Young special partner. Mr. Allen, who attends to tho practical depart- ment of the business, is from England originally, and is a practical finisher of textiles of many years' experience. During a long residence in Montreal he has built up a large business and has gained a high position in commercial nnd social circles, in all his business transactions being found upright and straightforward. Tho company have offices at 90 King Street, East Toronto; 1G2 Sparks Street, Ottawa ; 91 John Street, Quebec ; 290 Dundns Street, Lon- don, Ont.; and tho following agencies:— J. C. Overall, Belleville; Renner & Whittaker, Bowmanvillo; Hamilton McArthur, Cornwall ; Mrs. Dixon, 116 York Street, Ham- ilton; Mrs. Connor, Shorbrooko; James Fitzjferald, St. Catherines; P. D. Dean, St. Thomas ; Miss Belle Bondy, Three Kivers; Miss Valine, Coaticook; Mr.s. Droardon, Richmond; Miss M. A. Leferriere, Berthier ; John Leg- gett, Ormstown ; W. Heap. Owen Sound ; Mrs. G. C. Archer Pembroke; Miss Henderson, Cobourg; J. Hoff- man, Port Hope; Neilsou As Co., Brockville, and many thew. P. A. Mllloy, Fivshionablo Tailor, 1903 Notre Damo Street.— Tho excellent and well conducted establishment of Mr. P. A. Milloy, fashionable tailor of No. VJ'i3 Notre Damo Street, is one of the best known among tho first class merchant tailoring establishments in that thoroughfare and is liberally patronized by a largo class of the com- munity. As a merchant tailor, Mr. Milloy occupies a pro- minent position, and is considered among tho best in tho city. His experienco extends over many years and ho can always please those who favour him with their custom. A large stock of superb goods of both English and French production is always to bo found upon his table, and tho?e who desire to be well and fashionably dressed will find just what they want at his establishment, at prices that cannot fail to meet their views as regards economy. Mr Milloy is well and favourably known to the whole com- munity, and as a business man, a correct cutter and first class merchant tailor, is not surpassed by any other in the whole city of Montreal. J. R. ClO]^ A Co., Commission Merchants, Importers and Wholesale Dealers in Foreign and Canadian Fruits, 109 McGill Street and Bonsecours Market, Montreal ; 17 it I'J Sault-au-Matelot Street, Quebec— Among tho most prominent commission merchants in tho city is tho firm of J. R. Clogg & Co., who as importers and wholesale dealers in foreign and Can.adian fruits, are considered the largest and most reliable house in the trade. All kinds of foreign fruits from Spain, Sicily, tho West Indies, Central Ameri'^a and the States aro imported direct by tho firm, who aro also extensively engaged in handling Canadian fruits and produce. As importers and commission u;er- chants the firm stand high and controls one of tho largest trades that comes into Montreal, while they also ship goods to different sections of the Dominion. Tho office and ware- house is at No. 169 McGill St. A stand is also occupied in tho Bonseoours Market and thero is a branch house at 17-19 Sault-au- Matelot Street, Quebec. The general manage- ment of the business devolves upon Mr. J. R. Clogg, who is a wide awake, active business man, fully alive to the wants of tho trade and knowing exactly (lOW to meet tho require- ments of all who have business dealings with him. He is popular in commercial circles and held in tho highest estimation by the whole community. iq 148 MONTREAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. Ctias. liAcalllo & Co., Urocory Merohants, Wines, Liquors, ic, Wholesale aud Retail, No. 329 St. Paul Street. —Prominent among firms iu the grocery trade in Montreal u the house of Chas. LacaiUe in, Co., importers and dealers in all kinds of staple and fauey groceries, choice China and Japan teu;,also wines and liquors. The house has been establiiihed during the past thirty years and is regard- ed by the trade as one of the most reliable to deal with and substantial in the city. The premises consist uf a large, handsome stone building at No. 329 St. Paul Street, which is admirably arranged in every respect for business purposes. A full and complete assortment of goods is always carried, and prices are quoted at the very lowest market rales. The trade is derived from the city and tiie surrounding sections of country, and the honourable, upright manner in which the house has always been con- ducted has made it one of the most popular in the city. Mr. Charles LacaiUe is a native of the Dominion and one of tho most prominent among the French merchants of Montreal. lie is a member of tho Board of Trade, and as a useful, influential merchant and citizen holds a high position in commercial and social circles. W. Scott 4; Sou, Importers and Dealers in Oil Paint- ings, Water Colour Drawings, Etchings and Fine Engrav- ings, Eastern Goods, 1747 Notre Dama Street.— Among tho noted and most interesting establishments in Montreal is that of the firm of W. Scott &. Son, Importers and Dealers in Oil Paintings, Eastern Goods, etc., at No. 1747 Notre Dame street, and who is also a manufacturer and dealer in fine artistic cabinet ware at No. 174Gi on the same thor- nighfare. The collection of goods carried on by the firm i: so numerous that it would be almost impossible to spe- cify them, the elegant stock combining richness, beauty and utility, and comprising oil paintings and water colours by artists of acknowledged ability of Europe and America, as well as some of tho old masters, together with etchings and fine lino steel engravings ; Oriental carpets, rugs, mats, and a general line of Eastern goods; also bronzed statu- ettes and rare ohjeta d'art of almost every description, as well as artistic cabinet-ware andrich, handsome furniture, upholstered in tho highest style of tho art, picture frames, mirrors, etc., are among tho rich and varied articles to bo found at the establishment. Mr. W. Scott established this business many years ago, and is popular as a business man and has always enjoyed success. He is familiar with art and artistic productions, and at his establishment has some rare art goods that aro well worth examination and inspection. He has associated with him his son, Mr. W. A. Scott, a young man of fine talents and culture, who is popular with every one having dealings with tho house. Mr. W. Scott, the founder of tho house, has travelled much in foreign countries, and will bo found an agreeable gentleman, who can impart much valuable information with regard to art and artistic productions, ancient and modern. Vulc .n Boiler Works, W. C. White, corner Naza- reth and iirennan Streets.— One of the most complete es- tablishments in Montreal for turning out boiler work is that known as the " Vulcan Boiler Works," of which Mr. W. C White is tho proprietor. The works are at tho corner of Nozareth and Brennan Streets, and are furnished with all the modern appliances, machinery and tools, pe- culiarly constructed and adapted to the work carried on. Mr. AVhito has been established in business upwards of twenty years, and during a successful career has made many improvements in the premises, which were necessi- tated by tho advancement of the times. Ho employs suob power and machinery as aro consistent with modern ideas, and turns out tho very best class of work. lie oonatruoti all kindsofstation.ary locomotives, and marine boilers also iron steamboats audtugs, and bridges, tanks, etc., making a special business of all kinds of boiler and nickel iron work. Ho has besides a special department for making repairs at moderate prices. Mr. White employs a, largo force of tho most skilled workmen, and carefully looks after all tho details of his business. Everything con- nected with tho Vulcan Holier Works, and tho work turned out from tho establishment, reflect tho highest credit upon Mr. White for tho ingenuity, skill and atten- tion to details and the oxeuutivo ability displaj'cd. Mr. White has resided in Montreal many years, und by his extensive operations has been instrumental iu promoting the growth and prosperity of the city. Ho is popular and influential as a citizen, and well deserves the consideratioa iu which ho is held by the whole community. J. M. Forticr, " CrCme do la Crdme " Cigar Factory 143, 14o and 147 St. Maurice Street.— Among tho elements of interest which characterize the industries of Montreal none deserve more prominent mention than that of cigai making. It is one giving employment to a large numbei of operatives, and in many cases forms an important item in estimating the manufacturing and commercial import- ance of this enterprising city. One of the leading esta- blishments engaged in this lino of production is that known aa tho " Crfime do la CrOme " Cigar Factory, which is owned and conducted by J. M. Fortier, who has been long prominently identified with tho busmess, and sinro 1S77 proprietor of this celebrated factory, which has gained an enviable reputation for the standard character of the goods manufactured, which are sold to the trade throughout tho Dominion from Prince Edward's Island to British Columbia, while many thousands are exported to Europe, where they are esteemed and appreciated for their excellent flavour and purity. Among the special brands manufactured are the "Crfimedela Crfime," "Canvas Back," " Noisy Boys," and others, which constitute a line of goods not to be surpassed in quality by any other manu- factured in Montreal or in tho Dominion. Mr. Fortier,froia his long exporienoe in tho busiue3s,and his being thoroughly posted as to all matters connected with this line of prcduo- tion and an exoellentjudgc of the stock used, has succeeded in giving tho public an honest cigar worthy tho good opinion of those who aro judges of the article, and to scrupulously maintain tho quality of his brands. His ob- ject is to continue to improve them, and tho largo trade ho enjoys proves conclusively that he has Eucceeded, his business being steadily increasing. Tho factory building is a largo three-storey brick structure, of 44 x 6S feet dimensions, in which from 300 to 3o0 hands are con- stantly employed, and which is fitted and furnished with every appliance and facility so as to meet all tho demands of the trade. Mr. Fortier also handles the best quality leaf tobacco, inch ding Havana and Sumatra, and controls a largo trade in that line. He is a native of Montr'"al,and one of the most prominent among the influential business men and citizens. To the trade it should be said that all transactions with Mr. Fortier will bo found to be con- ducted upon the soundest principles of commercial integ- rity. Each season Mr. Fortier visits Havana to mak& purchases of tobacco, and has every advantage for receiv- ing the finest goods that are grown in Cuba. In January of this year he received twelve carloads of 200,000 lbs.» and in March fourteen car loads of 260,000 lbs., on& due in t St., ma( pro and cra( thci froi nes: nutJ plail tbef KEPRESENTxVTIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. 147 ploys 8ucb Icrn ideas, constructs lOilcM also .making iv licllel iron or making )y3 a largo ally looks .liing con- tlio work, ho higUost and atiea- laycd. Mr. Hud by his I promoting popular and )aiideratioa gar Factory ;ho elements ; of Montreal that of cigai argo uumbei iportant item ircial import- loading eata- otion is that actory, which (vho has been 133, and sinro ich has gained character of to the trade rd's Island to e exported to ated for their ipecial brands ne," "Canvas nstitute a lino y other manu- . Fortior.froia ng thoroughly line of prcduo- , has succeeded ■thy the good .rticlo, and to auds. His ob- ho largo trade ias Buoceededt The factory turo,of 44 x6& landi are con- furnished with 11 the demands 10 best quality ra, and controls fMontrf^aUand loutial business Id bo said that ound to bo con- imcrciftl integ- ivana to make tago for recciv- )a. In January of 200.000 lb3.» 60,000 lbs., ono of the largest importations of Cuban tobacco over before brought into Canada. Its arrival mado quite a sensation in the city as it was drawn through the streets on sleighs of the tho most advanced, and adds greatly to the perfection ot iho bread, cokes and crackers manufactured, as well as the rapidity with which these necessaries of life are turned out- The bread is mado from the finest flour, and is noted for its purity and rich- ness iu those qualities requisite in first-class, wholesome, nutritious food. Crackers and biscuits are mado both plain and fancy, and are eagerly appreciated by the public, the demand being large and widespread, the custom coming from private families, hotels, restaurants, &o., throughout the city, and also from tho adjoining aootions of country. Mr. W. A, Winfield, who conducts tho business, has been connected witii the house manj- years, and his career has always beeu a useful and prosperous ono. By his enterprise and liberality ho has become ono of tho well-known, prominent, useful business men and citizens of Montreal. Dominion Type Founary, the only Typo Foundry in Canada, commenced in 1830, 15 Chenncville Street, Montreal-— Montreal has tho credit of having within its limits tho only typo foundry in Canada. It was cstubliahed as far back as 1830 by Guorin & Ford, and in 1372, in order to meet the demands of tho trade, the present company was formed, the officers and directors of which are Alex. Murray, President ; R. G- Starke, Vice-President ; Hon. Thos. Ryan, Alex- Buntin, James Simpson, W- J. Mao- doDclli and D- J- Roes, Directors, gontlemou well nad favourably known, and who occupy prominent positions in commercial and financial circles. The company have always maintained a high reputation for manufacturing the best quality of type, and conduct a largo business with all parts of Canada, the productions being noted for superiority and escoUcnco, and pronounced perfect and equal to the best manufactured on the continent. From tho time of its inception tho business has grown to wonderful proportions, and tho demand for tho type is steadily increasing. Among tho typo mado aro agate, nonpareil, minion, bre- vier, bourgeois, long primer, small pica, pica, english, great primer, double small pica, double pica, double eng- lish, double great primer, canon, (S:c- Tho company also manufacture leads, brass rules, galleyi'. A'C, and furnish printing office furniture, including stands, imposinc stones, cabinets, racks, cases, sticks, inks, presses; In fact all articles required in a well regulated newspaper, book, or job office. They aro agents for R- IIoo W. D- Wilson Printing Ink Co., and J. 11. BonnoU&Co., and keep a full lino of their inks in stock. Type and all the requisites aro furnished at as low prices as can be had from any other manufacturer or dealer on tho continent. All orders aro promptly and correctly filled, and fonts are guaranteed to bo well assorted, and full satisfaction is given. Tho company is also sole acont for the Dominion for The Mackellar, Smiths & Jordan ('mnpany ul' I'liila- dolphia, a'ld furnish the type without an addition of the tariff to tl.oir prices. Tho Dominion Typo Foundry is in tlio full tide o."" success, and keeps a largo force of skilled workmen constantly engaged, who are assisted by new and improved machinery in meeting tho demand. Tho establishment is thoroughly equipped, and in all its de- partments is furnished with all the modern improved appliances for the production of tho most perfect type. Mr- P. A. Croi«t»y the manager, is a gentleman having a comprehensive knowledge of this lino of manufacture, and looks after the interest of the company in tho most satis- factory manner. J. C. Parker, Boot and Shoo Dealer* 110 McGill Street. — Amongthe well known boot and shoo dealers and manufacturers in Montreal is Mr. J. C. Parker, whose store. No. 110 McGill Street, familiarly known as tho "Burning boot," a name arising from the fact that tho gas jots in tho window form a boot, and when lighted pro- duces a unique effect. Tho store is large and spacious, and is arranged with a due regard to facilitate business and 143 MO x\T REAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. the convenionco of customers. The lines of goods carried embraces every desrciption of boots and shoes for men, women, and children, and iiicludi; those of his own and the best manufacturers in tlio Dominion and the States. In Kcntlomon's wear ho has fine a.ilf boots and shoos and gaiters, and for hidios cvcrytliinB that is now, fashionable and stylish, whicli havo bcou carefully soluctcd, and aro sold at remarkulily low prices. Air. I'arkcr also manufac- tures custom work and has ftainod a wide reputation for flrst-«lass workmanship, excellcnco of materials, style and perfect fitting boots and shoes. Ho also attends to repair- ing, and, as a reliable business man, will bo found upright and honorable in all his dealings. Others imitate our trade signs, but the old place is at IIU MoGill Street. S. It PiirHoiiji, Furiiituro, Upholstery and Bedding, 1813 and ISlo Notro Damj street, nu;ir MoGill Street.— Ono of the largest among the old establisliod popular furni- ture establishments in Montreal is tliat of Mr. S. 11. Par- sons, which oooupios the doublo building at Nos. 1S13— 1315 Notre Damo street. Tho premises aro of tlie most o.xton- sive character and consist of store and spacious ware- rooms, in which is displayed a large and varied ajsortmont of furniture of every description which is sold at prices that will cojapcto, ia all cases, with those of any other house in tlio city. Fine parlor and chamber and di£'.ag- room and library furniture is a specialty with this house, tho varied lines of this class of goods being of the finest, consistins of modern and antique design, upholstered in the higl:est style of tho art. In tho upholstery depart- ment a number of expert artists is employed and par- ticular attention is given to this branch. Bedding also forms a feature of tho business, an immense slock being in view of every kind. Mr. Parsons has long been a resident of Montreal and is well known to tho whole community, which precludes the necessity of any personal comment. It is but justice to him to say, however, that ho is a liberal, honorable gentleman to djal with and ono of tho public ipirited citizens of Montreal, whoso cstcnsivo furniture house is ono of tho largest and most important in Canada. Joseph Furticr, Manufacturing Stationer, 256 & 25S fit. James street.— Tho important position occupied by Montreal as tho Metropolis of the Dominion and as a great commorcial centre, makes tho study of the separate in- dustries an interesting one. In this connoclioi^, a few words concerning tho establishment of Mr. Joseph Fortier, the well known manufacturing stationer will bo of interest to many. Established many years ago, Mr. Fortier has Bucceoded in building up a largo trade, and has constantly on the road a number of commorcial travelers to represent his house. He manufactures everything in tho lino of stationery, including blank books, from tho massive book ledger to tho pocket memorandum book, also envelopes, and a great variety of articles almost too numerous to mention, and deals in all kinds of goods belonging to tho trade at both wholesale and retail. In tho lino of albums he has a large and elegant assortment, also, picture cards, photos, and fancy goods. The assortment, includes all articles required for commeroial or for tho library and family use. Mr. Fortier, during a long residence in tho city, has gained a wide popularity as a useful merchant and citizen. Ue is fully alive to the requirements of tho trade and condueta business afifairs upon tho highest standard of commercial integrity. His establishment has become one of tho most prominent among tho reliable, substantial houses of the city. He is prominent in finan- oia! and commorcial circles and ha? taken an active in- terest in " Carnival " alfairs and in the winter sports of the people. The premises occupied comprise a large build- ing, which is well finished and proyided with every facility fur turning out first class work in his liue of manufacture. A largo force of work people are employed and all orders receive prompt attention. Wllll, from which timo it has steadily grown, and its facilities increased, to meet the demands of tho trade. Tho general lino of mauufacturo comprises stoves, hot air furnaces, builders' castings, &c. Tho foundry, which ia located at Nos. 95 to 99 Craig Street, is fitted and furnished with all tho latest improved appli- ances adapted to tho business, and employment is given to upwards of thirty skilled workmen. The products of tho factory have a wido celebrity. Castings of nil kinds are made to order at tho sliortcst notice, and all work belong- ing to tho business receives prompt attention. Another branch of tho business is tho manufacture of tinwaro of all kinds, also refrigerators and sheet iron work, and orders are filled for tin, sheet, and galvanized iron roofs, which arc put on in tho best and most substantial manner. Tho olTico and saleroom is at No. 511 Craig Street. Tho Etorc is largo and commodious, and contains a general assortment of nil kinds of stoves and tinware, and house furnishing goods generally. A largo business is carried on. Mr. Crovier, who is a native of tlio city, is ono of the most popular among those engaged in industrial pur- suits. IIo is a liberal, public-spirited gentlemau, and enjoys the regard of the whole community. Dr. L. O. Thnycr, Chemist and Druggist (Member of Apothecaries Hall, London), Oculist and Auriat, 1379 Notro Damo Street.— Distinguished among tho iihysiciana in Montreal ia Linus Ortoii Thayer, M.D., CD., McGill University, Jlontreal; L.C.P.S., L.C., L.S.A., London, England; Oculist nnd Aurist, and Licentiate of Apothe- caries Hall, London, England. Dr. Thayer has always enjoyed a largo practice, and as a jjliyaician and oculist and aurist gained a wido oelebrity aa au authority oa tho '''""'!lll,iii;!l;||JiliiW-' treatment of the cyo and car, and his skill in operatinjr on those delicate organs is so well known that patients come from all parts of tho coutiuent to place themselves under his care. Artificial eyes aro inserted by Win without pain or previous operation. Ho is endorsed (Ind recommended by tho clergy, tho medical profession, tho leading citizens, and an who have received benefit or permanent cure under his treatment. IIo is a gentleman posses.-ing fine attain- ments aa a physician, and ia ono of tho most prominent among tho useful, inUuontial, professional men in tho city. Dr. Thayor ia also skilled and proficient aa a druggist and dispoiiscr of medicines. To meet tho exten- sivo demanda of his over-increasing practico ho has established a first-elass drug store, where will bo found a full and general assortment of pure drugs and medicines. Prescriptions uro compounded with the care and accu- racy their importance demands, by a graduate of tho Collego of Pharmacy, and under tho Doctor's personal supervision. Dr. Thayer has resided in Montreal many years, and ia held in tho higheat csiimatiun as a profes- sional gentleman and useful, infiuential citizen. W. r. Sainrdon, Boot and Shoe Jlcrchant, No. 1179 St. Catherine Street (cor. of Bloury Street).- Conspicuous among tho popular boot and shoo establishments in St. Catherino Street ia that of Mr. W. 1'. Smardon, which is located at No. 1179 in that fashionablo thorou'''-farc. Mr. Smardon is a native of Canada and has been engaged in tho boot nnd shoo trado for upwards of twenty years, and has been popular and successful and established a largo custom. He occupies a very desirably located store which is well stocked with a largo and varied assortment) of boots and shoes and slippers for men's, women's, misses, boys' and children's wear, embracing tho finest goods manufactured. IIo also manufactures boots and shoes to order, and as a first-class workman is considered ono among tho best in tho city. Mr. Smardon is a live, pro- gressive business man, as is attested by the vigour mani- fested in tho prosecution of tho business. IIo is popular with all who deal with him, and enjoys tho confidence and regard of the whole community, who look upon him as an upright, honorable business man and useful, influential citizen. C. X. D. OsKood, Manufacturers' Agent, 69 St. Peter Street. — A well-known, active, business man in Montreal is Mr. C. X. D. Osgood, who represents a number of oUl established, reliable manufacturing houses in England and Canada, among which aro tho Halifax Sugar Relinery Co., Limited, Woodside, N. S. ; tho British America Starch AVorks at Brantford, Out. ; Peak Bros. & Co., of London, England, Dolocamp it Company, Japan, teas j Gray, Bar- sol PRESENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. 161 ember of 179 Notro uiana iu McGill London, Apothe- ji always d (iculldt y on tho crating on onts oorao vos under thout pain )iuinondcd citizens, ouru under ino ultain- proniiueat icii in tlio oiont a3 a tlio cxtuu- 00 lio bus bo found a mcdiciucj. 1 and accu- ato of tlio r's personal ilreal many 13 a profos- int, No. 1179 -Conspicuous mcnts in St. irdon, which horou^'-faro. jcun engaged WL'nty years, 3Stablislied a located storo d assortment men's, misses, finest goods and shoos to )nsidered ono 3 a live, pro- vigour mani- Ilo is popular lonfidence and )on him as an ul, influential it, 69 St. Peter n in Montreal lumber of old n Kngland and r Rolinery Co., morica Starch lo., of London, ,s ; Gray, Bar- row & Co., London, fruit ; BwlUo D. CromlJi, Putms, currant*! (Juorgc E. TuekettA Son, manufacturers ; T. A- U. .Myrtle, tobaeeo; .Vnton lloajf.King.iton VincKiir Works, and others. Mr. Osgood connuamls a largo trade and con- duets a largo business with (ho wholosalo and jobl)ing houses. ThoKoods of theabovo manufacturers are standard on tho market, and are always in demiui.l. Mr. Osgood has resided in Montreal many years, and dnringji sneeessful businesn career has gained tliu esteem and conlidenco of thoso for whom hu transacts business, llo well deserves the success that has attended his well-directed efforts. Tbo Croniptoii C'or«et Cwnipniiy,— .T. Jaracs Claxton & Co.— Manufacturers' Agents' and Importers, 20 St. Helen Street. — T. James Claxton A Co. as manufac- turers' agents and imiiurters conduct a lar^o trade in dry goods specialties sneh as laeo onrtains, muslins, em- broideries, linen and fancy handkerchiefs, hosiery, braces, shirts, collars and cull's. The Urm are also agents fur Tho Crompton Corset Co,, of Toronto, tho largest establishment in tho Dominion engaged iu the manufacture of corsets, hoop skirls, and bustles, which have a wido reputation from Uritish (,'olunibia in tho West to Nova Scotia in tho Kast, and pronounced by tho trade as tho best and most desirable goods on tho market. Tho Crompton Company make fifteen different styles, in sizes varying from that necessary for a child of tender years to that required by tho matron with a tendency to (.■mlmniMinf. In none of these orsets is whalebone— as a matter of fact 1 fNEQUALED'FOR X'\ rA,^ •:CF\GMPT0N-CQRSE>T-rCO W^^m m mf^m that has gone out of date— or any other bono used, but a substance called coralino is ."ubstitnted. This is made on the premises, and has the advantage over all manner of bone ornorn in tho fact that it is both flexible and un- breakable, and yet of suliicicnt consistency for all the purposes required. Every day tho corsets made with coralino increase in favour, and tho time when it will drive out all other material cannot bo far off. Owing to its immense success, a great many imitations have been brought into tho market, but they all proved miserabli failures, notwithstanding the fact; that great etfor'ts have boon made to cover up the deceit. The Crompton corsets are still in advance of all others, and havo received two gold, four silver, and two bronze medals and many lirizosanddipiomnsforsuporiorityandexoolleuce. Messrs. T. James Cla.\tou it; Co. havo tho exclusive control of the sale of thesogoods throughout tho Kastern section of the Dominion, from Kingston downwanls, and carry on a largo trade with all tho commercial centres. Oeorffo r. Ilnrtt, Wholesale and Retail Coal Mer- chant. Ofllce, Victoria Sauaro; yard, Wellington Street.— Tho coal trade of Montreal is ably represented by .Mr. O. F. llartt, agent for tho sale of tho Delaware and Hudson Canal Co.'s Lackawanna Coal for tho Province of Quebec. Ilis olhoo in tho UtraUi Building, Victoria Square, in busy timet is a scene of great activityand illustrates what pluck, ability and a good narao will accomplish in such a growing trade as that of coal. In addition to a largo and growing trado in house Coals, Mr. llartt supplies many of our faotories and other iioavy consumers, a largo immber of carts being steadily employed in delivering tho coal, ilo is also ex- ceptionally well situated for supplying tho country trado. tho Delaware and Hudson Canal Co. having extensive and well equipped shipping docks at Whitehall on Like Cham- plain, where boats are loaded for all points on tho lUoholieu, St. Lawrence and Ottawa Uivers. This company, which owns it.' own lino of railway from its mines in Pennsyl- vania direct to Houses Point, ha.s lately arranged to ship largo quantities of its coal in cars to that place, from whence it will bo sent in their oars, without re-shipment, to all points in tho Province of Quebeo on tho Grand Trunk, South-Eastern and Canada Atlantic Ilailways. Wo know from experience that Mr. Hartt is able and willing to grant information relating to coal in this vicinity, and that dealing with him will boon liberal business principles. II. R. iMIIIard, Importer of Watch and Clock Jlaterials, Tools, Watch Gli'.sses and Jewellers' Tools, 14G St. James Street. — A special business and ono largely carried on by Mr. II. II. Millard is that of importing v/atoh and clock materials, tools, watch glasses and jewellers' tools, itc, whicli has been conducted by liiiu since 1800. llo is fully familiar with its ovcry detail and carries tho finest and best slock of this class of goods to be found in tho city, comprising thoso of English, French, Swiss and American manutaoturo. Jlr. Millard has a largo acquaintance among tho watchmakers and jewellers of tho city and throughout tho country, and as a business man enjoys tho conCdouoo and esteem of all who havo dealings with him. Tlico. Aluiii, Cardboard Manufacturers, 2S and 30 St. Gabriel Slreet (in rear.) — .Vniong tho manufacturing establishments in the city that of .Mr. Tlieodore Alain holds an important position. It is tho only one making a specially of tho uninufactur'! of cardboard ; it is largely patronized by tho trade, an extensive business being carried on with different i)arts of tho Dominion. Tho firm nianufanluro every description of cardboard. Tho business which wasestablisheil by Mr. Theodore Alain, is tho result of good mainigeiucnt, anil of keoi)in« firsl-class, desirable goods which havo a wide reiintation and are always in I demand with tho trade. Mr. Alain, is well and favorably iknowntotho wholo community, and the liberal, upright manner in which ho has condueted his business explains 'its rapid growth, and insures a prosperous future. Mr. I Alain has every facility and employs a numb r of work- people, andean always meet tho demands of till! trade in ' the most satisfactory manner. 152 MONTREAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. I. Frod. A. Lallemand, Importer of Shelf Heavy Hardware anil Paints, 188() Notre Daino Street.— The incr- C4u>lilo intoreBta of Montreal, while exceedingly diver- sified in charaeter, are of fur Breiitor magnitude than is RencriiUy gupposod, Borae of the establiahmontn, particu- larly those in the hardware trade, doing an exlensivo busi- ness with all partH of the Dominion. Among these houses is that of Mr. Fred. A. LuUemand, 18S0 Notre Dame Street, which is one of the most reliable and subatantiiil in the city. 'Iho building is spacious and wuil adapted to business purposes, and every oonvonienoe is provided for storage purposes and lor the display of the groat variety of goods always to be found in stock here. Mr. Lalleinand imports English, Oerman, French, and American hard- ware, and is solo ngent in the Province of Quebco for Messrs. Puuchen, Collins A Co., Manufacturers of Mixed Paints nad Uround White Lead, and conducts a large wholesale trade in all kinds of builders' and shelf hard- ware. Mr. Lallemaud, who is a native of Montreal, is a young man of thoroUj{h busiuess ability and expurienco, and has established a large trade by liis industry and enterprise, lie has been in business since Ib'S.aml his housu has bocomo roouiinizcd as a liberal, enterprising one, the excellent ruiuitatlon it now holds being the natural outgrowth of the uniform oauitablo policy which has characterized all the business operations. W- It. U«»!» A Co., Tea Merchants, 13 St. Jlaurice Street.— A large and extensive business is carried on in Montreal in tea, the oity being the headquarters for pup- plios of this article for the whole of the Dominion. Among those on.;asod in it is the firmofW. 11. Ross & Co., wl o make a npocial business of importing tho finest qunlily.'hinii, Japan and Assam teas and supply a larso demand. Tho firm always have a full stock on hand and are constantly in receipt of now goods oaeh season andean fumisli tho finest (laality at tho lowest tiuotation. Mr. \V, II. Ilo=s 1 :i< had many years practical experience as a tea merchant and is thoroughly familiar with tho businos^s in its every detail. He has been engaged in it in Montreal about fifteen years and has always enjoyed a pubstantial trade andtho esteem and good will of tho mercantile com- munity and all who have business transactions with his house. I^lsrsrct * HnmlHon, Importers of Dry Oood.», Car- pets, Oilcloths, etc., 1883 and 1885 Notre Dame street.— One of tho most important houses in the dry goods trade is that of the firm of Ligget A Hamilton and tho eminent success which has attended it from tho time of inception is a sulficient evidence that it has always been conducted upon sound business principles and its operations cliaractorized by tho strictest mercantile honour. The premises consist of a large handsome ornamental Btone structure, having a front of ."iS with a depth of over 165 feet, three stories in height, with an extensive base- ment. The interior is admirably arranged and fitted up in modern style, the surroundings being neat and tasteful and the whole presenting an inviting and attractive ap- pearance. Tho firm are extensive importers of dry goods, carpets, oil cloths, etc., and conduct one of tho largest retail trades in the city. The reputation of the house for keeping not only a largo but a first class stock of the best quality of goods is well known, and upon the counters and shelves are to be found as fine an assortment of goods as are to bo seen anywhere. In silks, the stock is full and complete, and in dross goods it is not surpassed, while in cloaks, cloth, dimities, blankets, laces, linen, woollens, trimmings, «to., it iinot ezooHcd. Carpets and oil clothi of the best English and Canadian manufacture are to be found here in all tho now patterns and styles at prices that defy competition. Mr. Thomas Ligget and Mr. llonry Hamil- ton are both prominent substantial merchants and citizens and members of the Uourd of Trade, and it is not saying too much when it is stated that they oonduot an establishment which is not only an ornament to tho oity, . but one of the most popular and at tho lauo ttmo tb« most desirable to deal with. Tho Hontroal Wooll«n Mill Compniiy, Fac- iiir.M.iiaiiiiil Lui'k^: (iHicc, li'> Lemoinestreet.— This Com- pany was organized and began operations in 1H78, and from that time has enjoyed an uninterrupted career of prosperity. The premises at tit. Gabriel Locks consist of three largo substantial brick buildings of four, two and throe llats, covering a lot liu x 2UU fueU They are fitted up with tho very best description of machinery imported from Ureat Britain and oxpressJy designed for tho manu- facture of thu best class of twooiLs and hoavy woollen goods generally, whibh have beuomu staple linos on th) market luid aro always in demand in all tho commercial centres. The machinery is driven by water power and a largo force of oi)erator3 is cunstanlly employed. The President of tho company is Mr. J. I'ishor; tho Managing Director is Air. J. Hampden Sliaw. Mr. Shaw is a prac- tical man in the business and gives his special attention to the manufactory. Tho Secretary is Mr. Geo. Hill, who also attends to the sale of tho jiroduotiou. The establish- ment is one of tho largest and most important in the city, being in fact, the only omo of tho kind and by employing 150 hands and turning out 30(),000 yards per annum, its extensive oporatious add greatly to tho gene- ral welfare and prosperity of a largo part of tho popula> David Crawforu, (Italian Warehouse), Importer oi Groceries, Wines, etc., 173 St. James street, and West End Establishment, Queou's Block, 1;!15 and 1217 St. Catherine Street. — No more certain or more reliable evidence can bo furnished of the progress of a community, than the steady growth of its domestic comforts ; it would, therefore, be a grave omission in a work like the " Industries of Canada," if the high character and standing of the leading whole- sale and retail grocery houses of Montreal were passed over. Amongst the most favorably known engaged in this important department of trade, is that of Mr. David Crawford, of St. James Street, whose high reputation and long esperieueo in business is sufficient warranty of tho standard of merit attained. The business was established ovei twenty years ago by the present proprietor, and it has grown and continues still to grow, with tho advancement of tho city, until to-day it stands second to none in tho tra le. Tho firm import largely, and do a very considerable trade in every department of groceries, giving cspeoial caio that every article shall be of the first quality. With a view of meeting the requirements of the Western portion of tho city, and laying themselves out ospeoially to culti- vate tho " family trade," tho firm opened their branch establishment in St Catherine Street, several years ago, where the. old principles of conducting the business aro maintained, and tho judgment gained by the experience of 80 many years, is utilized for the benefit of their numerous clUntelle. It would bo entirely beyond our limits to en- large upon the varied ajid full assortment of goods to b© found in the two establishments conducted bv the firm, and therefore content ourselves by recalling the words oS Shakcspoaco that " Good wine needs no bush." fact and plct( Trus Dud togi isgi ancc britj Stan have REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. 163 Iclothiof I bo I'ound luit defy f llamil- doitUons ot laying iduot an tho city, time the ny, Fiio- TliigCdiu- 1878. aud caruor of cutmiHt of •, two and roUtlcii up imiiortt'd tUo luanu- i-y wuolloa iiug on til) lOiniQuroiul iwer aud a jyud. Tho ) Manaifing U II prac- uia-ntion to .Hill, wlio e establish- •taut in tho ud and by yards per to tho gene- tho popula- Importcr of d West Ead t. Catherin& uuco can bo lu tho steady eretorcbo a of Canada," ding whole- ivuro passed gagod in this '. Mr. David pulatiou and ranty of tho a e.stabliahod or, aud it has iraucomont of in tho tra \e. lurablo trado cHpooial oaiB ity. With a stern portion ally to culti- thoir branch al yenr^ ago, ) busincps are oxporienco of lioir numerous limits to cn- if goods to be I bv tho firm, tho words o* h." C.J. Ueyiiolda, Hatter lie Ftirrlor, 1803 Notro Daino Street.— Canada is tho groat centre of tho fur iradoon thiaaoiitiMt'ut and M,. equity ftnd integrity nhiob bavo givoD it a wido celebrity. LooAleil at No. 18U3 Notre Dame Street, the promises aro oestmU oommodicus and oxtooaiTe, and here puxobasea nuiy bo mado under the tnort lidvantagoons olroumstanco* both with referonoo to quality and prioo. Tho stock of furs embraces I he lluostsual, Astrakan, ermine, and also European furs and those of tho Hudson Buy Co., whicii are maiiufauturvd into capes, sacks, cloaks, umlTs, cups, glovcH, robes, Ac, and as an ovidoueoof tho quality aud tho high character of those goods, it is only nocossAry to cite the fact that at tho Ceutcnuial Kxhibitioii, hold at I'hiladclpliia in 1870, ]\Ir lloynolds was awarded lirat medals and diploma.-', and in ISSO at the Dominiun Exhi- bition received nine lir^t prizes forelegant furs. Asalmtter, Mr. lleynolds is also well and favourably known, having lu liis establishment all kinds of first class huts of both European and American uianufaeture and also caps fur boys and children. Mr. Keynolds has resided in Montreal many yeava and is known to tho whole coniinunily as a gentleman of liberal policy, strict integrity and obliging promplucss in all trausactioua. J. Iliitlsoii, Manufacturer of all kinds of Deformity Apparatus, Trusses, Supporters, Braces, Crutches, Arti- ficial Limb^-, Ac, Montreal Truss Factory, 7(X) Craig Street. —Among tho manufacturers of Monircal, special mention must bo mado of Mr. J. Hudson, whoso establishment, known as tho " Montreal Truss Factory," has a wido re- putation for tho productiou of urtifioial limbs and appli- ances for oorrectiug delicieucies aud deformities of tho SEELEY'S HARD RUBBER TRUSSES. human body as is amply attested by the leading physicians and surgeons. Among some of tho npplianccs manu- factured aro trusses, supporters, braces, crutches, belts, and artificial limbs of improved construction, also a com- plete assortment of Sccley's Hard Kubbcr and Celluloid Trusses. In tho manufacture of this class of goods Mr. J. Hudson hafhad a long expericnco and is fully competent to give perfect satisfaction in all cases. Special attention is given to chiMren, and a lady will always bo in attend- ance in this department. Mr. Hudson lias attained a cele- brity as a skilled and correct workman, wlio fully under- stands his business, and is highly endorsed by those who have derived benefit from his various uppliauces. Ho is a native of Montreal and hiui been in buiinow ou his own account for soveriil years. His guixlu aro all first ohus, made iu tho best manner, and equal iu orcry rutpeot to any luade iu the world. II. n. Wnrrcn A Co., Scale Manufaoturon, 763 Craig Street.— Among the best kuuwn scale maimfacturers in tho Dominion of Ciuiiuiu is the firm of II. li. NVarrcn ACa, who aro also the oldest, the business having been ostublisk- od oj long ago as IH3t by Mr. Otis Warrou, tho inventor of the platform soalo. Mi. Wancn oonticued tho business for many ymti*, wboii he vn» laooeoded IwUuaoo, the present profirietor. Soalos of every description are mona- faotured for every practical use, from tho neat, tasteful counter scale to tho many ton [■latform for hay, coal, or railroad earn, which have roi'cived such high testimonials from all who uso them as to place them among tho best and most correct made in tho world. Tho aim of tho firm is to make nothing but good work, and that they aro suc- cessful is shown in tho largo business thai is being carried on. Among the diUerent kinds of scales manufactured, besides the heavy idatl'orm scales, aro portable platform scales of dilTerent sizes, also platform counter souloi;, couutcr scales, even balance couultr scales, beam uud Bland scales, which aro all made andfiuisiicd in tho highest style. Tho manufaoluring e.-itablishmciit is iirovidod with every facility lor meeting the demands of tho trade, and a hirge number of skilled artizaus is continually employed in tho diUerout dcpartmeius. Mr. 11. B. U'^rreii, tho pro- prietor, is a native of Canada, and was brought up in this bu«l'.ifss by his father. Fur more than fifty yjars " \\'urre.u " bavo been iu use, and duriiii,'aU that tlmo have lu .led to rcalizo tho high reputation they have att-i;. .dforall tho qualities which coulituto a reliable sti' I of weight. They have rcoeived tho highest pro- mui... and aro the most popular Koales iu use iu tho Domiuiou. jMUica Baylis Oc Hou, Wholesale end Retail Carpet Warehouse, ISJJ aud ISoo Notre Damo Street.— Among tho prosperous business houses iu Montreal, whoso t.v- leusivo opcratious and well established reputations onlitlo them to favourable consideratiou ii' a review of tho com- mercial industries of the city, is thai kiiowu as thoUreat Carpet Warehouse of tho firm of James Baylis & Sou, which occupies tho double building at Nos. l8;jy-l!J3o Notro Damo Street. The business was established iu ISo'J, aud tho able, houourablo manner iu which it has boon conducted from that time has made it popular aud givcu it tho highest staudiug in tho cslimatiou of tho citizens uud ihu trade. Tho extensive warcruoms occuping tho first and second Uoors, aro tho largest iu tho city, each ll.iur having an area of 25 X lUU fool, uud oontaiuing tho most extensive and varied asdortmeul of carpets, rugs, ic, to bo louud in Cauada. in the stock will bo found cverytiiinK known to tho trade, from tho rich, elegant velvets and Willous, clear through to tho plainer aud cheaper kiiida ; also Can- ton and Cocoa mattingi;, Persian aud Turkish rugs, to- gether with mats, oil cloths, of bamental iron cast- ings, columns, pilasters, and railings for cemetery and other purposes, and alsocrestings and finials, and builders' iron work generally. The firm also manufacture Ulric Beauprc's patent economical hot water boiler, for liouscs, stores, convents, churches, &o. These boilers, the result of practical experiments of Jlr. U. Beaupro, a member of tho firm, havo been before tho public tho past ten years, and, in every instance, have given tho most pcrl'oct satis- faction. Tlicy aro in uso throughout tho city in private houses, public institutions, churches and business places, and aro highly recommended and endorsed for safety, economy, and conveniorce. Messrs. Day, DcBlois & Co. also construct Derrick cranes and crabs, and do all kinds of work belonging to their line of trade. Tho co-partners are E. Day, A. DeBIois and U. Beaupre, who are practical ■mechanics and business men, occupying a first-class posi- tion among tho represcntativo manufacturers of tho city. They aro French Canadians by birth, and useful, influential business men. Thos. Allan «& Co., Jewellers &c., Makers of Cana- dian Jewellery, IZffI St. Catherine Street, Queen's Hall Block.— Tho well known and popular jewellery establish- ment of Thos. Allan & Co. is one of tho most prominent in tho West end of the city. It is located in one of tho largo, handsomo stores in tho Queen's Hall Block, and forms one of Ihe distinctive features of that elegant build- ing, Mr. Allan has always beeu successful as a business man, and ho is practical and skilled as a watchmaker and jeweller. The store is neatly arranged, and fitted up with large plate-glass show cases, and contains as Cue assort- ments of jewellery as aro to bo found in tho city ; also gold and silver watches of both European and American manu- facture, diamonds and otlier precious stones, sblid silver iind plated ware, ornamental clocks and bronzes, an«l a t,i\iat variety of useful and fancy articles suitable for all occasions. Watch and clock repairing receive prompt at ention, also repairing jewellery wliioh is .ilways executed in tho best manner, and guaranteed substantial and di rable. Mr. Allan also manufactures jewellery of every description to order, and makes a special business of Cana- dian jewoUery and emblems of tho winter sports of the peoi)lc. These aro made in gold and silver, aro neat and pretty in design and never fail to attract attention, jiar- tioularly from the American tourists during tho summer ard winter, who find these artistic pieees of jewellery ■elegant and appropriate souvenirs of their visit to Canada. Mr. Allan is well and favourably known to tho wholo community, and is held in high esteem as an honourable 4)usines3 man anj useful, upright citizen. P. Wright, Importer and General Dealer in Fancy and Staple Dry Goods, 1323 and 1325 Notro D.ame Street, East, late St. Mary Street, Sign of the Golden Fleece.— One of tho most popular business men iu St. James Ward in Montreal is Mr. P. Wright,whoso large, handsome store is at No. 1323 to 1325 Notro Damo Street. Tho store forms ono of tho features of this section of tho city, and is liberally patronized by tho citizens. In size it is 44 x SO feet, and contains a large, handsomo stock of choice goods of both foreign and homo production, embracing every- thing in tho lino of fancy and staple dry goods, silks, v oollens, dross goods, tweeds, trimmings, gents furnishing goods, millinerj jjoods, itc. The s^took is carefully selected, aad reflects tho highest credit on the taste and judgment of Mr. Wright, who is a thorouglj practical business man of experience, and who knows exactly what his patrons and tho publio generally want. Ho can alwaj-s meet their de- mands in tho most satisfactory manner with the best class of goods at tho lowest prices. Mr. Wright is a very 'easant gentleman with whom to do business, and sus- irins an excellent social and business status in the com- munity. The ilIoiitrc»l Mirror Moiinf«ptnre.— Lucien Iluot, successor to A. Oilberton Sc Co.. 'ole proprietor, 40(j St. Paul Street, also importer of French Wines and Liauors anddirtctorof tho Montreal Plato (^0 to $2.00 per day, Mr. Daniel McClanaghan, tho courteous, genial landlord, is a genllemaii who thor- oughly understands how to make his guests comfortable and happy, and furnishes a table bountifully spread with all the luxuries and dainties, and leaves nothing undone that is cor ducivo to tho pleasure or comfort of those who make th( favorite St. James their home during their so- journ in : ho city. Meals are served on arrival of every train, and day and night porters are always in readiness to roceivu baggage and conduct visitors to tho house. As a valuable addition to the hotel accommodations of Montreal the St. J.iiiies is entitled to groat cousldoration. It is ac ornament to the city, and tho admirable manner in which it is conducted make it a pleasant place to stop at. Mr. McClanagUan is an agreeable, urbane gentleman, and. everything will be found in perfect accord with the ac- commodation of a first-class house. R. W. Smith & Co., Solo Manufacturers of Manhat- tan Feed for Horses, Cows, Calves, Sheep and IIogs,C96 and COS Craig Street.— Of late years mufh attention has been given to the feeding of horses and farm stock, and various feeds have been introduced tc "atten and keep in a healthy condition animals and poultry. Tho most cele- brated and most economical feed that has I'icn recently introduced is that known as the Manhattan "^ecd, which has a wide popularity and is highly rcco :endcd and endorsed by all owners of stock and farmers lo have fed it tocattlo throughout the Dominion. Tho object of this feed is to prevent disoaso and to keep tho animals in a healthy condition. It keeps tho organs in a natural, healthy state, promotes perfect digestion and acts as a relish, purifies the blood and keeps the coats in a sleek, glossy condition. The Manhattan Feed is nor, in any sense a condition powder, being entirely free from deleterious or mineral substances, but is composed solely of vegetable substances, which arc highly nutritious. It will fatten horses, cows, calves, shcop, hogs, and in fact all animals, and will keep poultry free from disease and causo an in- creased production of eggs. Tho sole manufacturers of this excellent feed are Jlessrs. R. W. Smith & Co., who havo had it before the puMio since 1870, and in that time havo gained a wide celebrity for its general excollcnco as ono of the best feeds for animals yet brought out. Mr. Smith m a native of Montreal, and is a gentleman well-known lor reliability, and is popular with all who have business deal- REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. 157 my others id special pre- id large sale, y the modioa} >y thoir use. Trunk Term- . Daniel Mc- St. James in ?cro the pro- S3 in March, Id, and so the id opened to nor and pro- Isomo, impos- lation for 100 convenience. 10S3 centre of terminus of irtraent it is otTcrs to the ;ing in price IcClanaghan, Uii who tlior- 3 comfortable y spread with thing undone of those whc .ring their so- val of every 1 readiness to house. As a s of Montreal ion. It is ac iner in which stop at. Mr. utloman, and. with the ao- •3 of Manhat- ,nd IIogs,C96 attention has m stock, and and keep in a o most cele- joen recently ) "^eed, which :ondcd and 10 have fed object of this animals in a n a natural, lid acts as ft ts ill a sleek, , in any sense loletorious or of vegetablo t will fatten , all animals, cause an in- turcrsof this 'o., who havo lat time havo lice as one of Mr. Smith '* U-known lor (Usiness dcoV- ings with Lim. Ho has received many hundred testi- cnonials speaking in the highest terms of the Manhattan Feed, which arc published in circulars that will be sent to any address on application.. Royal Steam Dyeing, Printing: niid Scouring Works. Office, No. 706 Craig Street, John Ti. Jensen Proprietor. — The Royal Steam Dyeing, Printing and Scour- ing AVorks are among the most important of the kind in the city, and control a largo custom. Throughout every department the etc., and Mr. works are f urn- jlj. QM^ ^^S%i John L. Jeii- ishedwithevery ^a. _A*'iNf^>*'4^ ^^^t ^''0 Pf"' facility and ap- .^ewSj^'t; ;iiX\/>y'^^ p r i e t o r, is pliances, steam VW^^^'S^sl--/ -J^i^ tnlly enabled boiler <& power ^^^^--X^w^"""?^^.^! *" "icet all the cylinder centri- ^^^^'^^_S^^^S#i^^iii^ demands of the fugal machines. na'^-^ public. A spe- cial business is made of cleaning, scouring and dyeing ladies' dresses and gentlemen's suits without being taken apart ; also table linen, piano covers, rep curtains, cloths, cotton and woolen goods, velvets, v'ls, fringes, ic. The work is done in the most skillful manner, in the neatest style. Kid gloves are also cleaned and dyed, and feathers are dyed and curled so as to look equal to new. Piece ^oods are also dyed and finished, and printed when desired in figures or flowers, and all work is guaranteed to be sat- isfactory. Mr. Jensen has resided in Montreal many years. Ue is a practical dyer and printer, and is familiar with ■everj' branch of this delicate art. lie is conducting a large business, and enjoys the esteem of all who havo dealings with him. Li. E. Rlvard, 133 St. P.!ter Street (between Craig and St. James Streets), and 601i Craig Street, Books and Stationery. — One of the old, popular, well-known business men of Montreal is Mr. L E. Rivard, who, during a long business career as a bookseller and stationer, has esta- blished a wide reputation and built up a largo, substantial trade. Mr. Rivard conducts two establishments— one at Xo. 133 St. Peter Street, the other at No. 561) Craig Street. Roth these stoics are fitted up neatly, and contain a full and complete assortment of valuable books upon all sub- jects in both English and French ; also all the popular literature of the day, and shee„ music and music books, and counting-house and school stationery of every descrip- tion, blank books, and all those fancy articles belonging to the stationery trade. Mr. Rivard is a native Canadian, and is well-known to the whole commiuiity of Montreal. He is a courteous, pleasant gentleman to do business with, and is pleased to send or furnish to all who may call a catalogue of the various books and other goods he makes a specialty of dealing in. W. F. DogUeriy d; Co., .1370 St. Catherine St, Metropolitan Folding Bed.— One of the most valuable of the many improvements that havo been introduced in the way of furniture is the Metropolitan Folding Bedstead, which was patented February 23th, 1S31. This piece of furniture can bo easily moved, opened or closed, and can bo operated by a child. It folds with spriu, mattresses, pillows and bed complete, and occupies tho ieast possible floor space. It will not harbor vermin and cannot get out of order. It is substantially made of well-seasoned, solid blsek walnut and thoroughly finished. The mechanism is so simple and strong that it cannot possibly get out of order. By tho use of specially made patent castors, the •easy movement of the largest bed is secured. When in use as a bedstead it meets tho requirements of the most fastidious ; when closed, it represents handsome furniture so perfectly that not tho slightest suspicion of its roal pur- pose is suggested. It is compact, occupying tlie least pos- sible floor space. The largest variety of designs in which it is already made, and of which it is susceptible, renders it appropriate to any apartment. The transformation of tho bedroom intoasittingor dining-room, parlor or library is thus made complete. 1'. can be as readily and cheaply transported from room to room or elsewhere as an ordinary, bureau, and when folded is made to repreicnt a bureau, sideboard, desk or parlor organ, bookcase or other furn- iture, and is made in all the above styles. Ic is not only the most prwtical but also tho cheapest folding bedstead ever introduced to the public. Mesjrs. Dogherty & Co. also make a large variety of sanitary washstands, made in tho shape of Davenport Desks (these can be used as writ- ing desks and washstandsj, and contain a sunk marble basin which lets the water run in a receptacle beneath, also a large mirror ; when closed tho desk forms a ladies' complete writing desk. They also manufacture furniture to order in Queen Anne, Elizabeth, Gothic and other styles, and furn- ish drawings, designs and estimates on application. The firm are doing a large business with tho city and all parts of Canada, and have received many testimoii.u,is endorsing the Metropolitan Folding Bed, and pronouncing it the best, cheapest and most elegant folding bed ever invented. They aro furnished on tho most reasonable terms, and those who desire to obtain a handsome piece of furniture and at tho same time a first-class, good, substantial spring bed, should send for an illustrated circular, which will give a full description as regards style and price. William Batemnii, Engintcraud Jrachinist,437 St. James Street, Manufacturer of Patent (Jang Resawing Machine, all kinds of Wood Working Machinery and Mill Work, Shafting, Hangers, Pulleys, Gears, Jtc.-Mr. William Batoman, is a practical, skillful mechanic and machinist, thoroughly trained in all the branches of his avocation, and is prepared to do all kinds of work pertain- ing to his trade promptly and satisfactory at the lowest rates, lie has a well appointed shop, which is well supplied with all tho best of machinery and tools for doing first- class work, and employs a number of the best artizans to assist him in his operations. He makes a specialty of manufacturing patented gang resawing machines and also all kinds of wood working machinery and mill work, shaft- ing, hangers, puUies, gears, and tannery machinery, polishing jacks, rolling and scouring machin ery, and has a special department for repairing, and giv'>s his personal attention to every branch of tho business. Mr. Bateman has resided in Montreal many years and has always en- joyed a successful business career, and the confidence and regard of all who do business with him. I.. G. II. Arcliambaiilt, Photo-x\rtist ; Studio, 1G91 Notre Dumo Street, Montreal.— One of tho most pro- minent among the well-knowu popular Photographers of Montreal is Mr. L. O. A. Arehambault, who has kept pace with all the improvements that have been mado in the art, and produced likenesses, which, for truthfulness, beauty in outline and excellence of fin,ish, aro not surpassed by any other first-class artists in the city. The " Studio " is located at No. IGJl Notro Dame Street, near the Place da Armes. It is neatly and tastefully arranged, and is pro- vided with every new appliance, and all tho positions far " taking" pictures, including now desigus in backgrounds. -Mr. Arehambault makes a si acialty of large pictures, and tor this purpose has imported from Vienna, at a cost of 15S MONTREAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. $400.00, a special lona and camera, which are by far the largest in tho Dominion, and with which ho can taltc photographs direct, 3')x 40 inclics in size. Mr, Arc-hamljault is a gentleman whoso thorougli knowledge of tlie photo- grapliio art lixs drawn around him tho Ijest pati'onago of tho city, and gained for him a standard reputation which places him in tho front ranl< among tho artists of ack- nowledged skill and ability in tho Dominion. Pictures of every stylo and all sizes aro made, and particular attention is.givcn to copying and enlarging photos, finishing them in India ink, Craj'on postits, or water colors. Mr. Arch- ambault is a thorough, practical mail, and a lover of his art, and those who dcsiro correct, perfect likenesses, should not fail to visit his studio and examine tlio many beauti- ful specimens of his handiwork exhibited in his reception rooms. Robert Seath A Sons, Merchant Tailors, ISl" Notre Dame Street. — Among tho popular merohaut tailors who jnjoyawido reputation for first-class workmanship and style is tho lirm of Robert Seath & Sons, who occupy tho ••pacious and commodious storo at No. 1S17 Xotro Damo Street, where a largo, substantial business is being carried on, tho patrons being derived from among all classes of tho community. Tlie business was originally established by Mr. Robert South in 185X and conducted by him for upwardsof thirty years, wheu ho associated with him his son, AVilliam, who is a practical cutter and merchant tailor, and an enterprising, active business man, popular in the community and with all who have business trans- actions with tho house. Tho storo is neatly and hand- somely fittcil up and well supplied with a large, valuable stock of imported woollens for suits and trowscrings.wiiich are made up to order in the latest fashions, well trimmed and finished and warranted to give satisfaction. Mr. Robert Seath is from tho old country ; his son is a native of Montreal. Ho is popular in commercial circles and enjoys tho confidence of all who know him. His son, "William, is also popular, and holds a leading position in social circles. Dominion File Works, O. Outram & Son. Offices and Works, St. Gabriel Locks.— Ono of tho largest and most important file works in tho city aro thoso conducted by tho firm of (r. Outram & Son, and known as tho Dominion File Works. They were established by Mr. George Outram, who has since associated with him his son, Frederick Outram, and during tho time the business has been carried on, it has been successful, and tho repu- tation of the files and rasps manufactured has made them popular in all the markets. Tho premises occupied by tho firm at St. Gabriel Locks aro ample and spacious, and tho works aro fitted up in tlio best manner. Tho business is divided into tho forging, annealing, grinding, cutting and finishing departments, and about twculy-flvo hands aro continually employed. Tho files manufactured aro both hand and maohino made, and every kind and sizo aro produced, and .special files aro manufactured f rcra. Paper Among the a which are f af o papers cturo'isthe ivo mills at kmcn. Tho ist improved me J, colored , sack.browa popular with 10 iirm mnko \ all grades, iducing these igs and flour g. Mr- John from his long ienco in tho i6sf uUy to tho cgarda prices President and he magnitude »xpected that hin its limits, : many largo . Among the- that of barbed on an exten- Company has lusinesa manu- 1 wire fencing manufacturing U30 throughout •0 exported to as awarded first i-incial Exhibi- ly others, ^o th special raa- y for this line awarded silver 3 for tho manu- arb '"ire fencing anta*,;s over all endorsed for its wiro slretoherSf •■ Little Giant" enled crow bar ath iron posts, a uU the uppli- icing. Tho pre- )ne of tho most iclurors in th» lersou, Jr. rs, Paints, Oils, is an encrgetio as indeed he is Ucd tho modern id quick returns, 3 the public, and toek fully justi- s of wall papers, on his shelves— tterns and blend- at the factory, ts, oils, varnishes lently brings him 3 man, Mr. Potter t, and is one of AiigriiMtiiN liocb, 16 Do Brcsolcs Street, Montreal. Agents fur English, French, German and American Manu- facturers, Dry Goods and Fancy Goods.— Mr. Locb's con- nection with foreign manufacturers is of considerable magnitude and his clients all over the Dominion very numerous. His business connections with his principals on the one hand and customers on tho other have been at on"- . '.; ^..t and advantageous to all parties oonceriKd, a matter of importance to any agency. Such a result cannot but inspire confidence with .vhocver may have business dealings with liim, and as tho demand for tho goods ho handles has assumed already large proportions, and is likely to expand still further in tho future, such an agency as this deserves special attention from those inter- ested. Xoel Pratt, Cabinet-maker, Upholsterer and Carver, No. 520 Craig Street. — Among those who have gained cele- brity, and have become popular as cabinet-makers and up- holsterers in Montreal, there aro none held in higher estimation than Mr. Xocl Pratt, who was brought up to tho business, and who, during a long career, has been suc- cessful and est.ablished a large business. Mr. Pratt makes to order every description of fine cabinet ware from new and original designs, also from designs furnished in modern and antique styles, and gives particular attention to upholstering store fixtures of every description and house decoration. As a carver in wood ho is considered one among the most expert in tho city, and the many beautiful designs ho furnishes in rich, elegant cabinet ware are ample evidence of his skill in this direction. Ho is a native Canadian, and esteemed by all who have dealings with him. His ptore and workshop at No. 520 Craig Street are well provided with facilities for doing all kinds of work in his line of business, and he will always be found prompt, attentive and reliable. K. W. BIhcK well. Keystone Spring and Metal Works, Factory, corner Canal and Condd Street, Point St. Charles. —Among tho industrial establishments in tho city, that known as the Keystone Spring and Metal Works is one of most important. It is located at tho corner of Canal and Condd Streets, Point St. Charles, and furnishes employ- ment to a largo number of workmen. Tho building is spacious and contains tho best ma-;hincry and facilities, and provided also with every convenience for manufactur- ing railway car springs and metals. The business has been established since 1881, and Mr. K. W. Blackwell, tho pro- prietor, conducts it with skill and ability, and a largo business is carried on, as tho Keystone have a standard re- putation and aro considered the best in use and have been adopted by nearly all tho railways in the United States and Canada. There is also an establishment at Phila- delphia, Pa., conducted by the firm of Scott & Sehoen, who aro also special partners of tho Montreal establish- ment. Mv. K. AV. Blackwell enjoys a wide popularity in Montreal, and is held in high regard by tho community. F. Robertson, Importer and Dealer in Coal and Wood, offices, t)j McGill .Street and 270 Wellington .Street.— Among those in tho coal and wood business in Mont- real is Mr. F. Uobercson (successor to D. AVilson), who conducts a largo business as an importer and dealer in English, Scotch, Provincial and American anthracite coal, and also in maple, birch, beech and tamarao wood, which ho furnishes by tho cord, or in quantities as wanted, at the lowest market rates. Mr. Robertson has had consider- able experience in the coal trade, and has been in it on his own account since about 1870, and from that time, by a course of honoura'jle dealing and filling orders with promp- titude and giving full weight, he has mot with popular appreciation, until his business has grown to largo propor- tions. He is indefatigable in his exertions to please those who patronise him, and his coal and wood yard is con- sidered one among tho best in tho city at which to obtain the best quality of coal at tho lowest prices. Mr. Robert- son is a native Canadian, and one of tho popular business men in tho city of Montreal, esteemed by all who know him, whether in business or social relations. The offices are at 65 McGill Street and at ^70 Wei iugton Street Riibenstcin Bros, (established 186i), Silver, Gold and Nickel Platers, 5.37 and o-j7i Craig Street.— Among the well-known business houses in Montreal is tho firm of Rubeustein Bros, who since 1801 have been established iu business as gold, silver and nickel platers, &c. The esta- blishment is fitted up with every appliance, ani is com- plete in all its appointments for doing all kinds of work in this lino of business, which comprises, besides plating, tho manufacture of plain and fancy harness, bell stands, car- riage trimmings, brass castings, dog collars, and metal spinners' and platers' supplies of all kind' 'the firm make a specialty of nickel plating, and also door and number plates, which they make to order. They also re-plate old work of all kinds— spoons, knives, forks, Ac— and give special attention to engraving and gilding. Tho individual members of tho firm, Messrs. J. and J. Rubenstein, camo to America, whou quite young, from Poland. They have travelled considerably throughout tho United States, and have been located in Montreal since 1304, where they havo established a largo business extending throughout the Dominion. They are practical, skilled workmen, and all work placed in their hands will bo executed in the best manner and warranted. Tho junior members of tho firm aro natives of Montreal. They aro well and favourably known throughout tho community, and enjoy tho esteem of all who do business with them. It should bo added that Messrs. Rubenstein Bros, received tho highest award- gold medal, for fine, artistic workmanship from the Cana- dian Exhibition hold in Montreal in T'j2. Wm. ainrray. Watchmaker and Jeweller, Importer and Dealer in English, Swiss and American Watches, 1970 Notre Damo Street West (formerly Old St. Joseph Street). —One of tho most prominent of tho jewellers located on Notre Dame Street is Mr. William Murray, who has had a long experience in tho business, and who, as a first-class, honorable and r«li.ablo dealer, has gained a wide celebrity and won an cuyiablo reputation for character and stand- ing as a merchant and citizen. Mr. Murray has a ne.atly fltted-up store, well furnished with show oases, which con- tain many beautiful specimens of tho jewellers' art in the way of rings, lockets, medallions, bracelets, chains,, brooches, earrings, i-c, and also English, Swiss and Amer- ican watches, in gold and silver cases, also plain and fancy clocks, and silver and plated ware. lie manufactures wedding rings and jewellery to order, at short notice, in any stylo or design desired, at very reasonable prices. Mr. .Murray imports a great variety of articles, including pre- cious stones, Ac, and all goods coming from him aro warranted to bo strictly as represented. Repairing clocks, watches and jewellery is a special branch of the business, which is done with neatness in the most substantial man- ner. Mr. Murray is doing a good business, and those who desire to obtain the best goods at tho lowest prices, will find it to their interest to call upon him at 1979 Notre Dame Street. 160 MONTREAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. I i- 'I 1.. IsaacH Jk Co., Importer!) mid Packers of Havana | and Sued Leiif Tobacco, No. 33 ,St. Nicholas Street ; ' Now York oflico, 110 M'ater Street.— Aiiionpr tlie business men of Montreal who arc popuhir and enjoy the regard ol tlie commercial commuiiily is the firm of L. Isaacs &. Co., importers and packers of Havana and sceil leaf tobacco, 'who.so business phice is at No. 33 St. Nicholas Street. ; The firm have a large experience in handlirjg tobacco. They ; ■conduct a large business in dilfercnt parts of Canada, ■ also with the States, and have an oHice in New Yoi't sity. { They imiiort the finest Havana leaf tobacco that is grown on the island of Cuba, and also the best quality seed leaf, and supply a very large trade. The members ■of the firm are enterprising and active, and are fully ■entitled to the respect and esteem in which they are held by the business community. M. Ciorniaii, Florist, 1347 St. Catherine Street.— One I ■of the most delightful industriiB that man can engage in is that of the florist. Among those in this business in Montreal is Mr. M. Gorunm, who has devoted nearly a life- ■■ time to growing and propagating plants and flowers, and ■who has a full and comiu'chensive knowledge of its every ■ department. Mr. (Jornnin furnishes cut flowers for every purpose in bouquets and in various designs, and emblems for parties, wcddings,"and also funeral designs, and has i gained a wide reputation for the skill, good tasto and ■ judgment he displays in their arrangement. He also fur- nishes fancy stands, mounted roses, flowers, pots, and i floral designs of every description for all purposes. Mr. Gorman has resided in Canada for more than thirty years,, coming originally from the old country. He has always! been pojiular, and has built up a large business, and gained a wide celebrity as a first-class florist, and an upright, I popular gentleman. | Ilciiri JoiiRN * Co., Flavoring Extracts, and ! Grocers' Sundries, (Henri Jonas.) No. 10 De Bresoles Street. — Among the many industries carried on in Montreal that ' of the manufacture of extracts, grocers" sundries, Ac, ' forms an important one, and is conducted on a large scale [ by the firm of Henri .lonas A- Co., who manufacture a yariety of goods which tliey sell direct to the trade, and which have a wi room. Tho firm was established in 1S72 by Mr. Kmil Poliwka, diploma at Provincial Ezbibition, Montreal, 1S81 ; first prize, Montreal, 1882. For Neat't Foot Oil : First prize at Dominion Eshibition, Ottawa, 1879. For Sfiongca : Extfii prizes at Provincial E.xhibitions, Montreal, 1881 and 1882. Fur Foliwka'a Imperial Borax : Extra prize at Provincial Exhibition, Montreal, and "Highly commended" 1882. Far Poliwka'a Favourite Oelatine : Diploma at Provincial Exhibition, Montreal, 1881 ; bronze medal, 1882. For Ruh- ler liumh ; E.xtraprizoat Provincial Exhibition, Montreal,, 1H82. People not versed iu tho glue business would hardly believe that there are hundreds of differont glues in existence, suitable for cabinet, piano, organ, carriage, and many other factories too numerous to mention. Tho linn have made a study of this lino, and carry often aa many as fifty to sixty dilTereut grades so as to suit tho requirements of all their customers. Two of their leading lines arc toilet soaps and sponges. Of both they carry tho largest and best assortments to be found in Canada, and defy all competition. In toilet soaps all the leading and who, in spite of many obstacles and disoouragoments, has worked up tiie business to such a point that it now takes its placo with tho leading wholesale houses of the city. Their extensive business embracing almost every article known in the multitudinous cataloguo of drufcgists and grocers' sundries, &o,, Ac. As might be expected, their connections tlirougliout Canada aro very extens- sivo, and by tlieir strict attention t) business, and liberal treatment of their customers, their house has become quito popular with tho trade, and gained a wido reputation. Besides a number of druggists' and grocers' sundries, a special business is made of glues and gelatines, the establishment having become familiar as the " Dominion Glue Dopflt," and tho firm has received a number of awards for tho excellency ami largo collection of their glues and gelatines. Awanla /or Olues: First prizes at Dominion Exhibition, Ottawa, 1879, and Montreal, 1880 ; best Canadian, American and foreign makers are repro- sentcd, and with some factories they have special arrange* monts, having soaps manufactured for them pressed in their own moulds. Their spongo department is most com- plete and gives thoir cornsr store quite an attractive ap- pearance. Turkey and Mediterranean sponges on strings fill three compartments, underneath which, in closed bins, with removable flaps, are to bo found all tho different pressed Florida and Cuba carriage, painters' and slate sponges. Opposite, again, in olced hinged boxes, all being provided with brass handles, ••ri.- difierent size loose Turkey- sponges. In tho samo store, thero is row upon row of covered stock, barrels containing different grades of glues. By an ingenious arrangement, a small zino box, holding a sample of tho gluo in tho barrel, is inserted in tho lid, so that ono can see all the varieties without disturbing tho lids. Tho second storo is chiefly used for storage, packing and shipping, and contains besides a work room foi the 162 MONTRKAL'S LEADINC INDUSTRIES. ^Irls, who iiro rociuirod to put up sovoral of their prcparn- tions. They also do a hirgo biisinos.-i in Klyecrinc, por- funios, wiiisloi, Dahniilian Insect powder, chamois sltins, toilut paper, niueiliigo, liquid glues, liquorice, axlo (frcaso, excelsior bird food and gravel, sapolio, gem baking pow- der, and represent sucli first-class houses as the Enoch Morgan's Sons Co., C. Rosfonstoin it Co., and Ilequa & Wctmoro, New York ; Young .t .Smylie, lirooklyn ; and Cutler Bros. X' Co. of Hoston, Ma.-s., U. S. J. Kattrny A Co., Wliolosalo Tobacconists. Ware- house, 428 81. Paul .Street: factory, 80 St. Charles Itor- romuio Street. — Montreal is the great commercial centre of the tobacco trade of Canada. It is conducted on a large scale, and an extensive dcinanil is supidicd from all parts of the country. Among the largest importers and dealers in this special lino of business is the firm of J. RattniyA: Co., whoso warehouse and oflTico is at No- 428 St. Paul Street. Tho firm handle all the finest quality tobacco, and control a lar^'e trade, and as manufacturers of cigars supply a largo demand from tlie city and country. The cigar factory is at No. 80 St. Charles Uarromme Street. It is admirably adapted for business purposes, and a largo force of workmen is constantly engaged in manufacturing cigars to meet tho demands of the trade- Tho house stands pre-eminent in this branch of trade and manufac- ture, and it.s afi'airs arc, and have always been, from tho date of its inception in 1878, conducted upon the soundest principles of commercial integrity. Shenrer * Ilrowii, Point St. Charles, Manufactur- ers of liuilding Bridge and Bo.it Timber ; Dealers in Square and Flat Pine, Hemlock, Cedars, &c., itc. : Ohio Square White Oak always in stock and cut to order. Tho firm of Shearer & Brown has been established since 1808 and is one of tho principal saw and planing mills in Montreal. Tlie mill and yards aro bounded by Shearer, Richardson and St. Patrick streets, and the facili- ties for the manufacture of dimension timber aro unsurpassed. The firm also deal extensively in square and flat pine, and hemlock and cedar, also in white oak and hardwood timber. Tho business is conducted under tho personal supervision of tho firm, who aro experienced in the lumber trade, and who can always oficr the best ad- vantages to tho trade. Mr. James Shearer and Mr. Jona- than Brown aro well and favourably known in commercial circles, andas merchants and citizens are held in high I estimation for their enterprise and liberality. Mr. Shearer 'jas been engaged in tho lumber trade over thirty-three /ears, and about eighteen years ago, he, in connection yith Mr. Brown, established the saw and planing mill Xfhich they have since conducted with energy. They have built up a large trade. Mr. Shearer is also engaged in tho Banufacturo of doors, sashes, blinds, &a., a notice of which appears in another part of this work. JnmesShcnrcr, St. Gabriel Locks, Point St. Charles, Manufacturer of Doors, Sashes, Blinds, Mouldings, and all kinds of House and Steamboat work; also. Sawn, Lumber, P'looring' Lath, Shingles and Clapboards always on hand. Among the manufacturing interests of Mon- treal, that known as the Shearer Mills holds a loading and prominent position, and, in their special line of manufac- ture, tho most important and largest. The promises occupy several blocks, and is sitmited on the Laohino Canal, at St. Gabriel Locks, tho Factory, which is a sub »mo when required. Tho prir.oipal business is tho manu- facture of Doors, Sashes, Blin.is and Mouldings, and all kinds of House, Steamboat and Ornamental wood work many of tho designs uro of modern si vie, and when re' •luired, antique designs are also made to order. In addi- tion to the maiiufacture of Joiner work, Mr Shearer conducts a large Lumber business in the City and sur rounding sections, and ha.s a stock of all kinds of Sawn Lumber, Flooring, Clapboards, Laths, .Shingles, &o always on hand. Mr Shearer has boon in the business since 1851, and is highly regarded for hi.s enterprise and public spirit, and as a merchant is popular with tho whole community. He is also a member of the firm of Shearer & Brown, manufacturers of dimension timber. A. RnmNny * Mon, Imp.utcrs of Paints, Oils, Colors and Artist.s' Materials. Knglisli and Belgian Sheet and I olished Plate-Glass, Manufacturers. etc.; Warehouse and Otfico, ;i,, 3;i»nd41 Recollct Street; St. Lawrence White Lend and Coii.r Works, 10 to 22 Inspector Street ; Varnish Factory, St. Patrick Strcet.-Montrcal is as well situated as any city on the Americ.in Continent, ami as a manufac- turing and distributing point has greater advantages than any other in Cainnla. It is tho great depOt for trade and commerce, and is fully entitled to distinction as tho great commercial metropolis of the Dominion. Among tlio well-known, old-established business houses and manu facturers in the city is that of A. Ramsay A- Son, which has been established for more than a quarter of a century and in tho line is one of the largest and most important' not only in the city but in Canada. The warehouse and olficc is at Nos. 37 to 41 Recollet Street. The building is a solid, substantial stone structure, and has six flats which arc used for storage and business purposes an immense stock of goods being carried, which embraces everything in tho line of imported paints, oils, colors and artists' materials, and also English and Belgian sheet and liohshed plate-glass, and all those articles comprised under the heading ol painters' supplies and materials. Besides being importers and dealers in the above goods, Messrs. A. Rjimsay & Son are also manufacturers of white lead and colors, which is extensively carried on at tho St. Lawrence White Lead and Color AVorks, which are located at Nos 10 to 22 Inspector Street; and also of varnLshes, which is conducted at Nos. 331 to 334 St. Patrick Street. These factories are among the mo.st important in the city, and greatly add to its name as tho great manufacturing centre of Canada. A large force of workmen is employed, and the business is prosecuted with great vigor, tho trade ex- tending from the Maritime Provinces to Winnipeg, where they have a branch store. The firm also inanufacturn double-body concentrated zinc, calsimine, double-strength Vermillion, coach colors and varnishes of all kinds, and aro agents for New York Rclining Co., New York ; w'insor .t Newton, .and Sharratt A- Newtli, London; Petit Ain(5, Paris. The firm has recently added to their business the silvering of plate and other glass for mirrors of all dimen- sions which they turn out of superior quality. The insur- ance of plate glass is also carried on in connection with the firm. They make glass embossing and lead glazing for churches and public buildings a specialty of their busi- ness. Mr. Alexander Ramsay and Mr. Alexander Manson, tho gentlemen composing the firm, aro prominent in busi- ness circles.and tho well-known reputation and unexcelled character of their manufactures, and thorough complete Btantial structure, is well fitted up with the latest improved _ wood working machinery and every defice required for j facilities for meeting the demands of tho trade, place turning out the best class of work. The power is derived i their establishment in tho front rank among the iolid, from a turbine water wheel supplemented by a steam en- reliable, substantial business houses of the oity. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. 163 ss is tho rnanu- nldiiigs, und all ital wood work, , and when ru- irdcr. In addi- 'W> Mr. Shearer i City and sur- kinda of Sawn ShiiiKlos, &o., in the business enterprise and r with tho whole irm of Shearer iber. ntsOils, Colora Kian Sheet and \V^arehouso and -.awronco White Street ; Varnish as well situated d as a manufac- idvantaKoa than ot for trade anr, Drain Pipes. Ac, 010 Craig Street.— At lilOCraigStrc t will bo found .Mr. A. lirciunerwliohas been engaged for i number of years in bu.siness at tho above iddress, as dealer in drain pipes, Portland, llouiun and I 'anada cements, fire-bricks, fire-clay, flue cover?", chimney lents, chimney tops, enamelled sinks, garden va.-'cs, &o., ilso tho best branils of American aiul Canadian coal oils, 'icnzine, naptha, gasoline, &o. Among the oils nuiy bo 1 '.entioncd homo light, tho very higlicst grade of American oil— stands a fire test of 130'' degrees— perfect burning 'lualities, odorless and docs not crust the wick. The quality t always tho same, put up in barrels, half barrels and Mses. Prime white, an American oil of superior burning (imlities — it has n largo salu now in Canada. Head light, lio highest grade of Canadian oil, water white, 150' degrees iro test. Also, Parlor Light Elootra, Silver Star, and other 'irands of American and Canadian oil. Mr. liremncr will 00 found a thorough reliable dealer, and the public will find it to their interest to favour him with a call, and leave orders, which will be attended to with dispatch. I,. Tonrvllle A Co., Grain Siilppcrs and Dealers, 1103 Commissioners Street.— The transactions of this firm extend throughout all parts of Canada and tho Western States, and in tho course of a season they handle many hundreds of thousands bushels of coarse grains. At Pierrcville, P.Q., in Yamaska County, under tho firm name of Tourvillo A Co., an extensive business is carried on as manufacturers and shippers of lumber of every de- scription, a speciality being made of spruce lumber for the English market. The transactions of tho firm are among Iho largest of tho lumbermen in Canada. At Pierrevillo, they own and operate a large saw mill which is thoroughly iquipped and fitted up with the latest improved appliances, comprising four gangsaws, four slabbers, and all tho neces- sary accessories, which are driven by steam power. Tho mill has a capacity of turning out 150,000 feet of lumber, working 12 hours per day, or about 3} million feet monthly. Tho establishment furnishes employment to 180 workmen and tho business is conducted on a most extensive scale. Tho members of tho firm are Louis Tourville & Joel Lcduo, both of Montreal, Canada, As popular, useful, influential liusiuess men they hold high positions in the mcrcantila community. R. S. Oliver * Co., Flour, 11 Foundling Street.— Upon a careful review of tho commercial industries of Montreal it is found that the trade in flour forms one of the important itemsin the business of the city, the business being conducted by upright, straightforward businessmen of capital and large experience. Prnminontly among them is the firm of R. S. Oliver & Co., who have continued suc- cessfully in it for years, and have become thoroughly iden- tified with it, both as wholcsalo dealers and as common merchants handling tho products of tho most distinguished manufacturers of the Dominion of Canada, and also of tho Western States. All tho leading br.ands aro to bo found at tho warehoHso which are sold to tho trade for export at the lowest niiirket prices. The business carried on is large and the transactionsof thefirm reach nil the i)rincipal points throughout the Province of Quebec : also agents for C. A. PiUsburyA Co.'a flour, Minneapolis, Jlinn. Mr. R. S. Oliver is a prominent membor of (he Corn Excliango, and also useful and influential as a business man and citizen, and is widely and favourably known in raeroantilo and social circles of Montreal where he has resided for so many years. ■i: 164 MONTREAL'S LEADINO INDUSTRIES. Tb«M. Sonne, Manufacturer of Awnings, Tonts, Sco., 187 and 189 Cominissionora Stroot.— In tlio ship chandlery business thoro is no one better or more favorably known than Mr. Thomas Sonne, who has been idontiflcd with it for inoro than a quarter of a century. Tho building which is located at Nos. 187 and 189 Commissioners Street, facing tho river is a substantial slono striioturo having a, frontage of 30 with a depth of 40 foot. It has 4 flats and is thoroughly equipped and provided with every facility for business purpo«09. Tho ground floor is used as ecncrii! Blacsrnom and contains all tho various articles belonging to tho trade. Mr. Sonne manufactures sails for vessels, yachts and sail-boats ; also, awnings, wagon covers, horse covers, tents of all kinds, and also, tarpaulins and oil skin clothing, and keeps a general stock of ship chandlery goods, naval stores, ropes, blocks and paints and oils, also furnishes hoist ropes at short notice, and furnishes cheap flro escapes. IIo employs a number of hands anji eon- ducts a largo business, lie is a nativo of Denmark and is a flrst-class business man and a favorite with ship-owners and agents, Ac. Tho great specialty is the manufacturing of awnings for business or private houses.and in this branch of business ho is considered the best in tho city. He also has tents to biro to lishing parties and thoso who dosiro to camp out during tho summer, and will always bo found reasonable in his charges. Prof. O. Brnneau, Veterinary-Surgeon, OlBco, G9"> Craig Street.— One of tho most successful of tho skilled practical veterinary-surgeons in Montreal is Prof. 0. Bruneau who has given his special attention to the ail- ments and diseases of horses and cattle for a number of years, llo was graduated from tho Montreal Veterinary College in 1872, and is specially qualified to treat all disease of animals, llo posocsses a thorough knowledge of tho anatomy of tho horso and his diseases, and knows how and when to apply tho proper remedies. Prof. Bruneau is a native of Canada and is a remarkably successful veteri- nary-surgeon and was formerly assistant-surgeon of Mon- treal Veterinary Hospital. IIo has become popular during bis residence in tho city, and his services are highly appre- ciated by owners of horses and cattlo who commend him in tho highest terms as an experienced, reliablo and thoroughly qualified veterinary-surgeon. Prof. Bruneau furnishes medicine and gives his personal attention to all calls and makes a specialty of pulmonary and intestinal diseases of domestic animals as well as the diseosea pecu- liar to tho canine race. 0. F. Jackson, Chemist and Druggist, by Examina- tion of tho Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, 1353 St. Catherine Street, established 1870.— One of tlio most popular pharmacies in tho 'MV^est End" is that of Mr. II. F. Jackson which is located at No. 1309 St. Catherine Street, one of the most eligible sites in that section of tho city. Tho store has a double front of plate-?Iass windows and possesses every requisite and convenience, the interior arrangements reilce "ngtlio highest credit upon tho skill and taste of the propiietor, who gives his personal atten- tion to every department of tho business. A well-selected lino of pure drugs, chemicals, toilet and and fancy arti- cles is always to bo found in the stock, also all the stand- ard preparatory and pharmaceutical preparations and all articles required by physicians in their practice, Mr. Jackson is from England and is a thorough druggist and chemist, having passed tho examination of tho Pharma- ceutical Society of (ireat Britain with honor, and gained distinction as an accomplished pharmacist and chemist, f IIo compounds physicians' prescriptions and diffloult foi* mulas with care and skill, and as a thorough, praotioa; druggist is considered ono among the most reliable in the city. Ho is doing a largo business and his pharmacy is made highly attractive by a capacious aquarium in which is a largo stock of silvcrflsh, trout, tadpole, &e., Ac. which ho has for sale. Tho aquarium is ono of tho features of tho store aiid attracts the attention of ony ono whr visits the establishment, Mr. Jackson is tho president of the Council of the Pharmaceutical Association of Montreal, and renders ofBciont service to that organization by his activity and professional attainments. <". Ryan, Stoves, Ranges and Heaters, Tin and Sheet Iron Worker, Ac, Ac, 38 Victoria Square— A well-known business man in Montreal is Mr, C, Ryan, who for upwards of liO years has been engaged in tho manufacture of Ryan's Patent Hut Air and Combination Furnaces, Uo is also an oxtensivo dealer in stoves, ranges and houso furnishing goods. Mr. Ryan is practical to tho business and has always enjoyed a reputation for first-class workmanship and reliability, wherever his goods havo been introduced. He has built up an oxtensivo trade, which is derived from among tho best classes of citizens. Tho store is well adapt- ed for business purposes and contains a large and well selected assortment of all kinds of parlor, chamber, and olRco stoves, also ranges and furnaces of tho best make, containing all tho latest modern improvements. There is also a general assortment of tinware, sheet iron, refrigera- tors, bedsteads, and houso furnishing goods goncrallj-. Mr. Ryan's long experience of tho wants of tho people, and also tho first-class reputation of his establishment, make him a desirable gentleman with whom to enter into business relations. Cbarles Ounl dc Co., Manufhcturers of Belfast Ginger Ale nnd JErated AVaters, 41 to 45, Jurors Street.— The firm of Charles Ourd A Co, havo become distinguished for the standard character of their Belfast ginger ale and iBrnted, medicated and mineral waters, which havo won their way to popularity with wonderful rapidity, Tho in- vigorating and refreshing power of their beverages make them doubly grateful as a pleasing, refreshing non-intoxi- cant drink, exhilarating and rc-vivil'ying. The firm havo tho largest establishment in tho Dominion, and supply a largo demand from grocers, hotels and restaurants, not only in the city, but from other sections of Canada, whero their ginger ale and rorated waters are held in high esti- mation, Tho premises used as tho manufactory are largo and spacious, and are fitted up with tho latest improved machinery for meeting tho demands made upon it. Tho productions of tho firm havo been brought into direct com- petition with those imported from American markets, and have received tho highest awards-gold, silver and bronze medals and diplomas— at tho Exhibitions held in 1880-81-82 and 1884. Jlr, Charles Gurd has been mamigcr and pro- prietor of tho present business for tho past seventeen years, and is an experienced chemist. Tho firm is tho only one in America that has been awarded gold, silver and bronzo medals for tho superior quality of their goods, which comprise super-carbonated soda water, genuine Belfast ginger ale, seltzer water, potash water, Vichy water, Kissengen water, lemonade, ginger beer, super-car- bonated Lithia water, chalybeate water, teratcd sarsapa- rilla, sparkling cider, Ac, Ac Tho capacity of tho works is 2,000 dozen per day, and tiio demand is farin advance of the supply. The firm is .also wholesale agents and bottlers for the well-known Caledonia natural mineral water. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. 105 ifiloult fof I, prnation) .'iblo in th( mnnary h a ill wLicb , SlO., &e. lia feature; ly ono wlu ircsiJont ot f Montreal, tiou by bif anil Sboet ivoll-known for upwards ro of llyan's [o 13 also an furnishing 83 and hna ori{mansLii> introduced, erivcd from well adapt- ;o and wuU amber, and best mulic, ;s. Tliero is II, rofrigera- i generally. r tbo people, :ablialiment, to enter into of Belfast >r3 Street.— tiDguishcd gcr alo and have won The in- rngc3 make non-intoxi- lirm have d supply a iirants, not adii, where in high csti- )ry nro largo improved on it. The ircct com- arlicts, and and brouzo in 1S80-81-83 cr and pro- scventeea is the only , silver and heir goods, cr, genuine atcr, Vichy super-car" cd sarsapa- f the works advance of nd bottlers water. ty. D. A J. Nadlier A Co., Catholic Educational Pub- tlshcni, liooksellers and Stationers, importers of Church Ornaments, Statuary and Ucligious Oood-t, lOfiO, Notre I)amo Street. — .\nioiii{ tlio book publishers and dealers in Montreal, there is prol)ably none other more favonr.ihly known than tlio linn of L>. and J. Sadlier k Co., who have been established for tho past forty-three years in the City of Montreal. Their i)laco of business is at No. IfitK), Notro Dame Street. The firm publish Catholic educational books, and deal in all the standard publications, koeping full assortments in all tho different bindings, and making a specialty of school and collogo text books and school stationery and Hiipplies, also counting-hou-io stationery and blank Imoks, an;l nro direct importers of church orna- ments, stalioiiory, and religious goods, of which they have a largo and valuable iissortmont. Tho store is large ami tpacious, and is admirably arranged for comiucrcial and Tjusiness purposes. Tlio members of the firm are natives of Caiiaila. In (lie commercial communilytlioyare popular and prominent, and enjoy tho contidonco and regard of all -who deal with them. ' Thoinnn }HiiJi!ten'H French Kid Qlovo Warehouse (establislieJ 1S27), lOJl to ICiJj, Notro Damo Street, and 1 and C, SL Lambert Street : Dry Goods, Carpets, itc— One of tho oldest, largest and most prominent business houses in Montreal in the dry goods trado is that conducted by Mr. Tboinas Mussen, wliicli i'j entitled to the highest con- sideration, both with referenoe to its hiijh commercial standing mid tho extent of its operations. It was esta- blished in 1827, and from tliat timo has always enjoyed a prosperous career, and been popular on uccount of tlio liberal and honourable manner in which all its transac- tions have been conducted. Tho building, situate at the ■corner of Notro Damo and St. Lambert Streets, presents two fronts; tho massive plate-glass show windows are tastefully arranged and made attractive, whilo the interior presents a grand view of superb arrangement in ornamen- tation and fittings, tho counter and shelves containing every variety of goods belonging to tho dry goodi) trade systematically divided into departments, the general assortment embracing a wide range of imported textile fabrics from tho looms of tho most distinguished manu- facturers of Kurope, embracing silks, Irish poplins, and other dress goods, al.-o velvets, velveteens, plushes, shawls, linens, woollens, hosiery of every kind, underwear, fancy goods, kid gloves (which are a specialty of tho house), the stock containing Dent's best London and Kouillon's or Harris-seamless, together with tho finest quality one to ■eight-button gloves for ladies from tho most popular manufacturers. In the carpet department will be found all the celebrated makes in velvet, Brussels, tapestry. Im- perial, Kidderminster, Dutch and other kinds ; also sheep- skin and other hearth rugs, mats, cocoa matting, church trimmings, upholstery and curtain goods, cornices, .ice., in an almost endless variety ; also oilcloths and linoleum in all tlio new designs and beautiful colors. Mr. Mussen is always introducing something new, and can meet the de- mands of his patrons and the public in tho most satisfac- tory manner, furnishing the very best quality of goods at popular prices, llo is ono of tho most liberal among the public citizens of Montreal, and takes an active interest in advancing every eutcrpriso that has for its object the benefit of the whole community. Ho holds a leading posi- •tion in commercial and financial circles, and is one of tho •oldest as well as tho most substantial among tho useful, i&ufiuontiul merchants of the Domiuiou of Canada. Mona N. Lcfiaer, Tobacco Broker, 13 Common Street. AmonK those engaged in business in this metropolis of eommcrco is Mr. Mona M. Lesser, who, as a tobacco broker, conducts a largo busincsd a larKC bii.iinosH for the hou.io in Montreal and in ditTorent parts of Canada, and can always U, ba.i.iwood, and olhor kin(l.^. Dimension lumber thrlntiii|; Co., 01 St. James Street, L. Pcrrault, ManiiKim? Director.— This company occupies a distinguished position amouK tho fraternity of printers, both on account of the resources of its ollice mid the im- portant contracts it has undertaken. It holds the contract for tho city printing, an undertaking alone of considenble matrnitude, capable of tryiuR the resources of ;i lar(?e ofllce. In addition to ordinary work, tho company is in a position to accept orders i>f tho largest extent for book.s and publications which other establishments could not essay. Pitted with tho best presses and machinery of tho latest improved character, liavinK a stoek of typo un- equalled in extent for all kinds of wiiik, big or little, plain or ornamental, there is nothine in the printing line it can- not execute and that in the best possible manner. A bindery replcto in every respect is also attached ',o the ostoblishment, which greatly facilitates tho undertaking and completion of work requiring bieding operations. Tho company has boon very successful, a result largely duo to tho energy and business ability of Mr. Pcrrault, the manag- ing director, who is as enterprising as bo is farsightcd and clever, and over ready to introduce improvements. Im- proved mnchincs for Iho manufacture of paper bags of all sizes have boon introduced of a capacity of 250,000 bags daily, A. nrnlindi, Hattor and Furrier, 1649 Notre Dame Street.— Ever since his coramenccmcnf in business in 1814, not less than forty-one years ago, Air. lirahadi has occu- pied a distinguished and distinctive pcisition among hatters andfurricrs.especiallyintlio latter department of liis busi- ness- It always has been and still is a linr f/iin n'la with Mr. Brahadi that ho only handles the very finest' goods, makes the most fashionable and the richest fur garments that it is possible to produce, and consequently there is never nny doubt about the character of what emanates from his establishment— in fact it is noted throughout the entire continent for this distinctive reimtation. Of course such a position could only be olitaineil by a thoroughly proficient and |)ractical man such as .Mr. IJrahadi is in every dctail,-cuttinp, furnishing now designs for garments, ladies' caps and other furs, many of which have become currently fashionable in this fur-wearing country. As in furs, so is it in hats. 'Whether in his own manufacture or in imported stock, tho best is sure to find a place in this house. His stock ia consequently botii largo and cxcop- tionolly fine,— in short, if one establishment inoro than another could be pointed to for distinction, that would surely bo Mr. Drahadi's, for the quality of his goods is synonymous with all that is excellent, tasteful and fashionable. Brown Bro«., the Windsor Market 130S St. Cuthorine Street, aro amniig the laritest Hatchers and moiit purveyors in the city. They are specially rioted for tho excellent quality of what they supplv.and consequently number among thoir tlimli'lf tho Qrst families as well as institu- tions of tho city. They liavo been established 45 yoarx, and their inilomitablu perseverance, their ontorpriso, goo>l juilginent, courtesy and business aptitude have raised them to the front rank of their particular trade so dofl- nitoly as to admit of no competitors. In addition to Iho l>urveying department, tho firm uni;ago (|uito largely in cattle feeding, bacon curing and o her branches, all of which are equally successful, and whinh promise to extend to much larger prnportions than at present. Messrs Brown Briis., are a standing <'rei|it to themselve.s, an e :ample of what industry cou|iled with energy and knowleilgo can olTuct, and it is, pleasing to add that they enjoy tho un- limited confidence of their customers and tho oitizcus generally. nohort MItrlicIl A «'o., .Mi.ntroal Brass Wo r k (Plumbers, (las and Steamlitters'Siipplies, .to. ; Stationary and liocomotivo Engines' Supplies, .to.) ; ()inoe,t572 Oraig Street. — Among tho old-established, well-conducted en- teriirisos which help to make up the groat industries of Montreal, and is an impor'ant factor in promoting its prosperity, no other hiivo been more conspicuous than tho Montreal Urass Works, owned and carried im by llobert Mitchell .t Co. Its infiuonci! is felt throughout tho whole Dominion, ami no apology is needed for publishing an ex- tended notice of tho char.ieter ami extent nf its operations, Tho plant is locatetl at the corner of Craig and St. Potor streets. The building is built in tho form of a hollow square and is constructed of stone and brick, and is 100 by 100 feet dimensions ami three storeys in height. It is di- vided into dill'crent departments, and the machinery, which is of tho best class, is driven by a GO-horso power engine, and upwards of 300 skilled workmen find constant employment in tho foundry and tinisbing departments, engaged in tho manufacture of iron and brass work for engineer, plumbing, gius and steamfitting, brass and cast- ings generally, and also stationary locomotive ongino sup- plies and the Frecduian Injector, which is pronounced the most porlcct and correct yet devised, and which is in use from the Atlantic to tho Pacific on all the railroads and many of tho factories. The firm also manufacture chan- deliers, brackets, .to. , and stand at the heac. '••. ibis lino of production, and are particularly noted for the original- ity and beauty of the stylo of their design and ornamenta- tion. Mr, llobert Miteltoll, the founderand head of this groat ojstablishmont, has resided in Montreal many years, and has always taken an active interest in its affairs and assisted and promoted every enterprise that had fo r aim the general public gooil. lie is iiopular and pr imi noiit in commercial and financial circles, and tho indu Mry he conducts occupies a prominent place in tho nianuf ; c turing and commercial importance of Montreal, tho metropolis of British North America. (jieorirc VCilNon, Boot and Shoo Maker, 1740 Notro Dame Street, is one of the oldest and most reliable mer- chant in the city. His firm stability of cbaraelor is synony- mous, however, with tho nature of his work, which haa always burno the stamp of being thoroughly good, so that a customer m.\y feel perfectly satisfied in giving an order that his money's worth will be given. Mr. Wilson is a successful man, successful through his own industry and practical knowledge, and it is saying only the literal 'ruth that ho indeed possesses the confidence of all who entrust commissions to him. 168 ^lONTKEAL'S LEADING INDUSTRIES. Tictoria Wire Wot'Us.— A. Decaric, Mnnufiifturcr of Wire Work Steel Wire Cloth, Crimped Spnrk Wire Cloth for bnriiing coal locomimiotives also Twilled Spark Wire Cloth for wood biuiiing locomotives, No. 522J Craig Street. — AmoiiRthc mainifacturinK establishments in Montreal, nro the well- known Victoria Wire Works, wliich were established about 1804 by Mr. A, Dccario, who has from that time continued to con- duct thum in the most sucoe.»sl'Hl manner, j I and has nchiovi'il a wide celebrity for the ' .standard character of his goods. The works ^' arc well provickd with every appliance, a. 1 special macliinery for the manufacture of all kinds of wire goods, including steel wire clo'.h, crimpe St. James Street.— Among the well-known importers and manu- Ilall Ureakfast, Dinner and Tea, Oysters served in every I '"'"^''"'cf^ "f furniture in Montreal is the firm of Geo. II. style. Confections of all kinds warranted pure— One of ' ^'"'''^" '^' *-'"•' ^^''" '""■<> "'"i'SS enjoyed a wide reputation, the most popular establishments and one that is a great ' ""'^ who doji large, substantial city and country trade, convenience to the coiumnnity is the well-known confec- I '^'''" '"'*''"'■''■'' C'lrried on is wholesale, and the clniracter of tionary and dining rooms of Mr. Chas. Ab'xaiider, which ' "'® ^'""^'' ""''^ '* *"'^'' "* '" command for them a steady occupies the ground floor of the large, handsome biiilding I ublic, and in their new premises which they have recently oi)encd, have in every way, maintained their envious reputation for the excel- lence of their work." Doth are natives of Canada, are young and enterprising, and well deserve the high estima- tion in whicli they are held by the trade and general public. IIEPRESENTATIVP: BUSINESS HOUSES. I'^O Nlnger niRniirnt-tiiriiit; (ompRiiy, Mr. A. B. Duncan, r.cncral Mannger, 1675 Notre Dnme Street; Factory, 572 Williaiu Street.— The sewing machine was longnxo brought to such a degree of excellence by the Singer Manufacturing Co. that it was aluost supposed it was impossible to make further imi)rovenients or ad- vances in tiieir workings or ojierations, but the history of the Singer machine has been a record of improvements, and to-day it is without a peer, as it lias always been, and is the recognized familj- machine, and al?o for manufac- turing purposes, sewing fine silk goods as well as leather and other coar'" fabrics. The imi)rovcinents made by tlie couipcny combine all the essential features of a lirst- class machine, and the Singer may Ije called the best illustration of what may b'.' termed the perfection of mechanism. It is a machine that forvariely of capability, •case in working and management, and for the excellence • of finish of the work, certainly stands without a rival as a noiseless and easily running sewing machine. The general mannger for these celebrated machines for the . Province of Quebec and Eastern Ontario is Mr. A. 15. ; Duncan, whose headquarters is at No. 1G75 Notre Dame (Street, Montreal. Mr. Duncan has had an extended ex- : jjcrience (sixteen years in Canada and I'liitcd States) in ■ the .sewing machine business, and is a thorough, reliable gentleman, and one who can bo depended upon, and all his assertions regarding the reiiowncdSiiigermaeliine will I bo found perfectly correct. Many hnndreds of thuusmids of the Singer machines are mad'! annually and shipped to all parts of the civilized world. They are without excep- tion the only first-class machine manufacturers, and have been awartr d innumerable medals at nil the great inter- ' national exhibition? and minor fairs that have been held throughout the world. At No. .172 William Street is a : factory for manufacturing machines for the Canadian ! trade, and those who purohaso the genuine Singer will ! have no fault to find or eanso to regret their investment. KvnnN, Nona Ar 9Ia«toii tl.linitcd), A\'holesalo Druggists. Drug (irinders, and iManufaclnring riiaima- ceutical Chemists, 37 to 4."> St. .lean liaptiste Street;' Western branch, 23 Front Street West, 'rany arc situated at 5ii llanovcrSt., Liverpool, Eiig., and they are in immediate association with the eminent firm of wholesale druggists in that city, Evans.M)ns A: Co., and are also in association with the old-established firm of Evans, Lescherd' Webb, situated in Bartholomew Close, London : these houses have also a branch in Paris, Sydney, Australia, and Manchester and Uirmingham, Eng. The western branch of the Montreal house is situated at 2;3 Front Street West, Toronto, where they have a complete stock of all the re^s man. The company have also an establishment in Boston, Mass., where their speci- alities arc maiuifactuied for distribution in the United States, this branch being under tho management of Mr. 11. J. Wilson Cox. The company employ ten travellers in tho Dominion, and being in cable communication with their representative houses in England are able to ofl'er advantages to their c stomcrs ijucli as no other house in tho trade can do. As evidence of the eminence of the comimny, we may mention that they received gold medals for their exhibition of drugs, chemiei'ls and i)harmaceu- tical preparations, at the Calcutta Exhibition, l^Sa ; also for Savars' proprietary articles, manufactured by them, and for Montserrat lime-fruit juice ; they have also car- ried oiTbronzo and silver medals, the highest awards in their classes, at Dominion Exhibitionshcld in Montreal, Toronto and Ottawa, for iiharmaceutical preparations, jierfuracry. 170 MONTREAL'S LEADING I N J) US 1' RI ES. The Bnrlnud lilthoffrnphic Company.— Prin- j manufactures to order. A full stock is carried of all the ter.-i, Publishers, (iouoriil Engravers, Plioto LithoBniphing i now styles of heating and cooking stoves, hollow ware, and' and Photo Eloctrotyping, 5 and 7 lileury Street.— The 15ur land Lithographic Company, one of the best known among the important and prominent concerns in its line of busi- ness in the Dominion of Canada, has been established more than forty years, and was founded by Mr. (}. Matthews, who continued it successfully for a long time. After a change in its name and being carried on by dilFer- ent parties, in 1871 it was incorporated under the present name with a capital of $200,000, and the facilities in- cronsed and the Inisinoss greatly oxfended. It ia the oldest as well as largest establishment of the kind in the everything in this lino of trade. Mr. Kano came to Canada from Ireland 40 years ago, and by his steady industry, energy, and business taste, has gained a wide reputation as a worthy citizen, and enjoys the confidence and regard of the community in general. Xarclssc Bcaudry, Manufacturer, Jeweler and Optician, 1580 Notre Dmne.— One of the largest and most important jewelry establishment in Montreal is that of Mr. Narcisse Bcaudry, located at No. 1580 Notre Dominion, and turns out a line«of work which for general! Damo Street. He is one of the oldest established Watch- excellence and artistic execution is equal to the best I makers, .Jewelers and Opticians, and has always conducted produced in the Dominion. The premises occupied are extensive, the building is a large stone and brick structure, having six flats, and dimensions of 80x45 feet, all of which is used for business purposes. As it is the largest in its line of business, the facilities and conveniences are un- equalled, and embrace the finest machinery and all the newly invented labor-saving appliances and presses, and all the various apparatus for the prompt execution of the work. A 40-hor3e power engine is used to drive the machinery. About 140 skilled artizans and workpeople are employed in the ditTerent departments. The general line of work comprises lithogmphie printing and engrav- ing on steel, wood and stone, also photo lithography and photo olectrotyping and book and job printing, and line artistic commercial printing, wliich for neatness and elegance of execution is not surpassed. Particular atten- tion is given to raup and railway engraving and printing, and all work is executed in the highest stylo of the " art preservative of arts." The facilities for designing and engraving on wood, stone, and metal are of an extraordi- nary character, and every convenience is at hand for olectrotyping and stereotyping. The house tills orders for all parts of the Dominion, and stands foremost among the fiiSt-class reputable establishments noted for the finest work on the American continent. The llurland Litho- graphic Co. is also manufacturers of colored, glazed, and plated papers, card board and playing c.irds, tin type mats, photo mounts, Ac. This deiiartment of the business is carried on in the "Uazette" building, where every con- venience is alforclcd for doing this class of work. A large force of workmen are engaged, it being the only concern engaged in this line of manufacture in Canada. a hirge, successful business as a manufacturer and dealer. The store is neatly audi tastefully tfittcd up with plato Joliii liaiie. Tinsmith, Plumber and Oasfitter, Stoves and Rfviiges, 2.5,!0 Notre Dame ."^treot.—f hie among the old- established well-known and popular Plumbers and tias- fitters, and nianf.icturers and dealers in stoves and tinware in Montreal, is Mr. .John Kane, who has been identified with the business for many years, and lias a full and com- plete knowledge of its every detail. Mr. Kane has gained {!, wide reputation for his energy, ability and skill as a first-class workman, i)laciiig him in ihe van among the reltablo business men of the city, lie gives special alleii- tion to making sewer connections ami sanitary pluml)iiig generally, and as a sanitary expert is second to none in the city. He has a very desirable location at Xo. 'SM Notre Dame Street, where he has rvcry facility fm- con- ducting his business on an extensive scale. He fnriiiartment in which clo(d{:», watches ami jewelry arc repiiirel. which is under Ihe immediate supervision of Mr. lieandry, who is a practical man to the business, performing all work with neatness and skill. Mr. IJcaudry is of French descent, lie has resideil in Montreal nearly all his life, and, as a citizen and business man, is prominent, useful and inUuontial. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. 171 "The Horseslioo," Thos. I5oyle, Proprietor, No. 11 St. Sulpico Street. — The above ostublLshmeiit ha.s in a very short time sprung into the position of being one of tlie most popular and desirable phiccs of amusement and re- freshment in the City of Montreal. Formerly one of the best known and most respectable houses of the kind when under the name of " The Old Countryman's Inn," its pres- ent young and enterprising proprietor has sustained its old time fame of twen'y years ago, and has by untiring energy and the outlay of considerable capital the fruit of his own honest industry, placed "The Horseshoe " in the foremost place among similar establishments in the Cana- dian metropolis. The entire building has been refitted, renovated and deei^-ated. The large reception hall has been made to assume an almost unrecognizable aiipear- anco to what it was before Mr. lioyle's advent. Here every evening the year round an impromptu vocal and in- strumental concert is given by regularly paid artists of ability as well as volunteering guests, and in fact no plciis- antor evening can be spent at less cost tlinn at " The Horseshoe." Every accommodation for socials, dancing parties and balls can lie obtained : nmiile supjier and dressing rooms having been fitted up with all niiMlern con- veniences. Arrangements are always made for the pre- serving of order and decorum at all times. The wines, liipiors, ales, cigars, etc., are unoxceptiona lly good, a fact which has done mucli in securing the house's present pop- ularity. Two halls arc fiirnisbe d with superior toned upright pianos, presided at by well known artists, for the amusement of guests. In summer the premises arc well ventilated and pleasantly situated near the river, in the centre of the business |)art of city. The proprietor, Mr. Boyle, is a young and popularly known gentleman, who has by his own energy and push, built up a first-class busi- ness. ]le is u native of the city, where he is held in esteem by a wide circle of fellow-citizens. A lirst-class orchestra ie in attcnduncc day and evening. Wlieeler A Wiltion IDIaiiiiriic-tnriiii; ('»'y SewiiiK Mndiiu<'N,l,S3 Place D'Arraes. The great success achieved by the celebrated Wheeler and Wilson Sewing Machine manufactured by the Wheeler it Wilson Manu's faoturingCo. since its first introduction, is too well kncywn to require particular mention at our bands. Suffi- cient it is to say that during the past decade the business of the sale of sewing machines luis assumed so important; a position among the industries of Montreal that it is now one of the leading commercial pursuits ; to prove which fact it is but neccssury to direct attention to the agency of the company, located at Xo. 1 tt o Place D'Annes. Wlion samjilcs of the best products of all nations are brought to- gether for inspection and comparison, with a view of de- termining the relative and absolute merits of the various exhibits to be certified by the verdicts of juries composed of the most competent judges in every department of sci- ence and art, a decisive and unmistakeablo declaration of superiority in favor of any important product over all others of its kind, is a matter to congratulate the producer and dealer. The Xo. 8 Wheeler and AVilson Sewing Ma- chine gaincil the grand prize at the Paris Exjiosition in , 1S78, althoug 1 having about eighty (81)) competitors. At i the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, 1H7H, when I no medals were given, its qualilicatioiis as the most ; eflicient apparatus for sewing received Honorable Mention i and WHS pronounced nu)St perfect in every way. Im- I provements continued in all classes of maehincs made by ! this company, until in 1880 they produced their " No. 10," ! intended for lieiivy mainifacturiiig work. This, with per- fect action and a speed of from 1,20U to l,Si)() stitches a minute, became at oiiee very popular, and is fcmiid in use in nearly all the factories in the country milking shoes, coi'sets, or rubber garments. Not yet content, the experts ' of the company have devised a macbino which is even an improvcinent on the " X^o. 10," and which is beyond all ((uestioii the very aenic of perfection. It involves a new form of " rot II ry hook," or loop-laker, which is tho sim- plest, the iiKiSt rapid and perfect device for interloeking the two threads ever conceived. The patent for this will issue in a day or so. Only a few hundred of these machines have been made and in practical work in viirious lines ()f innnufacturo, but they accomplish the work in so superior a manner and with such great rapidity that largo orders are being eoiitiiiiiiilly received for them even now. This machine is known as the "]). Ul," and is adapted to any class of work, from the finest stitching with the use of No. .'iOO spool cotton up to the very heaviest woven fabric with ! the coarsest linen thread, and also from the finest and most , delieiite kid up to the heaviest leather used in the manu- i facturc of boots, shoes, or liarncs,s. This is undoubteiUy the sewing niiicbiiie of the future, and must, beyond ques- tion, supersede all others. The Doiiiinion Lrnther Ronrd Co. of HI on* troni, Xo. 5 St. Peter Street.— Amiajg rliose mannfactiir- ing 6stal)lishmentswhich give Montreal prominence, as the industrial centre of Canada, is " The Dominion Leather lioardCompany of Monlrear' This company miinufaotures, under letters patent, a first class substitute for leather for viirious purposes, us well as boot and shoo counters. The ' excellenceanddesirability of these articles is attested from the fact that i)rizes were awarded the manufacturers at ■ several Internatioiml ami National Industrial Exhibitions j in the I'nited States. Auslraliii, (iermaiiy, France iiiiil Canadii. T'hc eonipiiny wiis organizc■,! telephone or tho city cars, which run to Vinet Street on Notre Dame Street ; and from this situation they claim that they can produce at loss cost than city manu- possession of tho business and became incorporated under their present name in the beginning of 18S0. The directors of the company arc Jlcssrs. II. II. Lang, Alfred Lang and James Lang, tho first named gontlemati occupying the facturcrs. position of President and Managing Director and Mr. Alfred Lang that of .Secretary-Treasurer. These gentle- j^ ^y Paterson, Felt. Tar, Rosin. Varnish. Etc.. 47 men are men ot thorough business ability, integrity, and nr c^. » . » i- r • i .. ,, , , . I , Murray Street. — As a representative of an important active enterprise, and have succeeded in a eomparativey , i „r • i , • i •. .i i e r w n ^^ , ..,.,,. .... , , ,, ' branch of industrial pursuits, the house of J. \\ . raterson .short time in building up and maintaining "-Hloubtcdly .,,„j. ^^ appropriatclv mentioned as a leading one in file largest trade in plain and fancy biscuits in Eastern I M„„frcal, engaged in the manufacture and sale of Tarred Canada. They arc also manufacturers of every description ,,„^, ,^,j. -pcU. I'itcli, Rosin, Varnish, .tc. The house was •of confectionery and do an immense business in this line founded in 1872 bv the present enterprising proprietor and as well. Some idea of tho magnitude of the amount of ,-,.„„ia comparatively small beginning, has attained its goods manufactured and disposed of by this house ean bo , ,„.es^„t enterprising proportions, through tho energy and obtained from tho fact that over one hundred hands are , ,j„si„es, talents of Mr. Patcrson an< present extensive business is tho result of his own 1805. with a moderate capital, but bv indefatigable efforts industry and energy. Ho has been for many years a resi- and tho supply of good goods it has increased, until to-day 1 'iL'ut of Montreal, and is prominent in commercial, Cnaii- it stands foremost as one of tho leading industrial enter- I cial and social circles. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS HOUSES. 175 RoifcrM A Kliiif, IfDii Founders, Cm iB.Strcot Foundry the east end of thclcity to its present location shortly after 637 Crais Street,. Mimut'iioturrr." and Piitcntees of Sponco's ^ tho great tire in \Si''2. It is the successor of tlio oldest Hot Water and Steam lioilors, Plumbers' and Uuilders' estahlislied foundry and machine shop in the Dominion, AVares, Machinery and Castings nf every description. — As which was owned and carried on by the late Thomas Mol- a source of supply for all kinds of manufactured goods, Montreal possesses advantages far superior to any other city in the Dominion. This is ilue not i>nly to tho enter- prise and energy of the liusincss men, but iu a great ilo- greo to its natural ailvantages as a central port for ship- ment son, tho builder of the first sleahiboat which ran on tho River St. Lawrence. When he gave up business, ho sold out to the present firm of Rogers and King, Mr. Rogers having been for nniny years manager of his loundry, and Mr. King having served his time as an apprentice in tho Among those enterprises which will illustrate tho same shop. The works Mr. King now conducts are among the most important in the country 1 *- ^{^.j^fiLf" ' '""' "''' '" l'r*"""f"'K the general ' [''''' ^U^H^Wrl^^ ■> """K welfare and prosperity of tho com- nninity, and giving to the city its proud distinction lU! the metropolis of Rritish North America. >I. A. Rnt-icot, Patent Medi- cines, 220 St. I/awrcnco street. — Those who unike a business of Patent Medi- cines may bo said to bo divided into two classes generally. To ono class belongs such persons as caro very little for the ellicacy of medicines they offer, so long as they can imlm them oft' np"n the public, which is commonly done liy tlartng advertise- ments and unlimited newspaper putVing, and not unfrcrpiently by Counterfeiting the names of medi- cines of genuine value. A second and much more desirable class nro those who, having implicit eonfidenco jM tho remedies which they offer, tirefer to let them stand on their own merits, knowing that an intelligent public will not bo slow to distiiiguisli l)etween the genuine and tho spurious article. Prominent among the latter class is the gentleman whoso name heads this editorial. His ottice ami factvrup, lor consumption : and his t liolerii! Speeilie, which and Ijiiildors ware and niacluiiery ; castings ot every ho has prescribed with the most 'icnelicial results, for man description, a specialty being made of Siicnce's hot water 'wd beast. _ llis patronage extends throughout C.mada and ami steam boilers and Champion hot water boilers. Theso boilers are made of several sizes and are in use in con- vents, churches, colleges, fchools, public buildings and residences, over 1,(>00 being now in use throughout tho Dominion and are highly endorsed and recommended by steam engineers and all who have them in use. The firm also manufacture steam radiators, coil screens, hot water and steam fittings of all kinds : also iron work for building purposes, machinery and engine castings, and furnish estimates for all kinds of work in their lino of business. tho United States. J. T. I.ainbly, Photo Artist, 105 Vitro Street.— Photo- graphy is not a branch of mechanics whereby a quantity of material is thrown iiitoa hopper, and with tho grinding of grim and greasy machinery, works of art may be turned out. To produce satisfactory ami pleasing pictures, requires skill, refined taste, appreciation of tho laws of light and sliiido, a perception of correct pose, culture, and also much study ami practice, as well as an expensive out- fit and a properly arranged studio. All the requisites "Tho firm employs a large fm-ce of skilled workmen, .and in ' mentioned mav bo foun.l at tho well-known art rooms of this lino of business it is the largest, and was tho first to ; Jlr. .7. T. Limbly, which are locate.l at tho corner of Vitro introduco the boiler.s andfitlings for which they arc ccio- I, „„i st. Lawrence Main Street. In his gallery, bratod, in liritish Xorth America. Tho business has been ^hieh is ono of tho neatest and best arranged in the city, cstabli.shed since 18.52, and from that time has been steadily I Mr. Latnbly turns (,ut tho finest work of his art in all increasing, and tho works enlarged from timo to timo to | styles an.I at popular prices. His studio is equipped with meet tho demands of tho tra.lo. Mr. Warden King, who „n tlie requisite appliances of tho photograiihic business. IS now tho .solo partner of tho firm, is an experienoet in stoclt. .Mr. .Volson, son of ox-Mayor Nel? m, was born in Canada, and edu- cated in Montreal and is alwnt 50 yoar.s of a«o, and .^inco ostahlisliingliimself in Montreal lias ODndiioted a lively businc^^rf in his lino. Hy his liberality and promptness in all hi.str.ansaotionsho hiis built up tho snnoess wiiich has already attended his enterprise, which is but a deserved tribute to the high character of hia business. The Holmes KIcclrIc ProtecHon Citinpiiny for Canada, (Limited). Head Ollico, 102 St. James Street. The (juostion of how to successfully protect property, both public and private, from the dcprediitions of bur^'lars. is one that has always occupied a prominent position in the public mind. Many and varicil are the plans that have boon adopted, and countless tbo treasure expended, to compass this end, and yet in all larttc cities, and in many that are not so large, tho most daring burglaries are mat- ters of daily, or rather nightly, occurrenoo ; thus showing that tho astuteness, test, and energy of those who live be- yond tho pale of tho law, arc keeping pace with tho efforts ot them who would protect society from tlioir ravages. One moans h<.wovor has thus far bid defiance to tho buri;- lar fraternity, besides proving an inestim;ible blessing to a long-sulfering public. Wo refer to tbo safety olfcroil to its patrons by tho 1. ilraos Kloctric Protection Company. Tho Electric Protection appliances for the safety of vaults, banks, public buildings, and private residences, were first introduced to tho public in \ew York by tho Holmes Com- pany twenty years ago, and since tliat time have enjoyed an uninterrupted career of steadily increasing prosperity, during which time not a single successful burglary has boon committed on any of its patrons. Trom a comparatively small beginning tho company has continued to grow in public favor, until at present it may bo said to be a part of New York itself; it numbers among its ciiston.ors all tho loading houses of tho metropolis, including such names as Droxcl, Morgan A Co., Adams Express Co., Win. II. Van- dorbilt, Wm. 15. Astor, L. Uelmonico, Samuel ,J. Tilden, and thousands of others of the same character. TIio Cana- dian oomi»any, which is known as tho " Holmes Electric Protection Co. for Canada (Limited), with its head olHco at 102 St. Jamos Street, in this city, wius organized in 1381 by tho New York company and several Montrealers, with Edwin Holmes, President of tb.o Xow York company, as President, and W. J- Turpiii.of Jlontreal, Vice-President, having seen tho necessity of sucli means of i)rotoction and the extensive field for its usefulness in tlie Dominion. Tho system of protection consists of connecting every opening in a vault, store, or building by electric wires, which con- nect by a main wire with tlie central olhoe, any one enter- ing in any way after tho building has been closed, will give tho alarm at hoadiiuarters, where a force of special constables are always on hand, and on an alarm being re- ooivod men are immodiatcly despatched (similar to the lire brigade), to ascertain the causo thereof. Special attention is paid to tho fitting up of private houses with tho " Holmes Burglar Alarm Telegraph." Also, House and Hotel communications and Fire and Burglar electrical ap- pliances gouorally. The company started with a capital of ilOO,IX)0, and sines its inception has met with a largo measure of public encouragement, and numbers among its customers such names as the Hank of Montreal, Merchants Bank, Canadian Bank of Commerce, Messrs. H. & A. Allan, and many of the leading jewellers, clothiers, fur- riers, newspaper offices, and wholesale houses of the city. A branch offico is located at No. 29 King Street west, Tor- onto, under the superintendence of Mr, M. C. Wright, ii well iiualifiod Electrician, and controls a largo amount of business in that city, which is steai|ualled by that shown in Now York, which Iia.s been built up by years of tho most careful work, ability, and experience. IteiaiiiK, Piiiil * «'o., ,Silk Manufacturers, Olhco and Salesrooms 2!Ni St. Jonies Street, Salesrooms, New York, Chicago, Cincinnati, Philadel|)hia, Boston, St. Louis, San Francisco: Mills, Iloekville, Conn., North- ampton, Mass, and Montreal, Canada.— The manufacture of silk may bo said to be eoindaratively a new industry in Canada, and was began by tho Belding Bros., the great silk manufacturers of the United States, who ostablislied a factory in Montreal in 1877. The factory building is lo- cated at St. (rabriel Locks, an 1 is well fi(teil up and supplied throughout with all the latest improved machin- ery, iiieluiling winders, doublers, spinning Irainos, clean- ing machines, stretchers, reels, spooling machines, etc. A largo force of operatives are employed, and tho lino of proiluction comprises spool silks, machine twist and em- broidery silks ami ribbons. The business is conducted by the firm of Belding, Paul ic Co., who use tho finest and best PKINTING COMPANY, LIMITIt). JS i 30ST. GAnKIEI.ST., MONTRIAL. Fred. Thibaut, President, Win. Dagif, Sec.-Trea»., K. Burtliiauiiie, Maiiagur. See pace 166. R.J. LATIMER, 81 McGiLL Street, Mont eal. Buys, Sells, Receives on, or Con»ignes on Commission and Contracts for the manufacture ol :ill kinds ol° Agricultural Implcment^, Buogiis, WaoqoN!), Sic, Sic. P.S, — Largest house in tlic Dominion. See paco 166. THK SINGER MANUFACTURING CO'Y. OF NEW YORK. 1675 NOTRE DAiLE STREP:T, Manufacturers and Proprietors of the GKMtNR SlNOIR Skwino Machinks- See page 169. A. BRAHADI, Manufacturer, First Premium Fur Establishment 1649 (Late J49) NOTRE D \MK STREET, Corner St. Lambert Hill. See pate W. ROBIN & SADLER, MANUFACTURERS OF LFATTIER BELTING, LACE LEATHER AND LOOM STRAPPING, DEALERS IV CARD CLOTHING, RUB- BER AND COTTON BELTING. MO.OTREAL: TfiRONTO: NoTR^ Damb STRBaT. Sh KiNo Street East. TBLKPHONB II08. TBLEFIIONE II61. See Pagf '.:3. GOLD IE 4 Mcculloch, "Gait Safe Works." Manufacturer* of Fire and Bnrflar Proof Safes and Vault Doors. Awarded Gold Medal for Burglar Prool, Gold .Medal tor Fire Prool, and Highest Prizes at all Exhi- bitions where shown. Warerooms ut .Montreal, loS St, James Street, (near Victoria Square.) Alkrid Bbnn, General Agent. Sea Page 121. H. R. IVES, & CO., qjjeen street, general founders, manufactures HARDWARE, STOVES. IRON RAILING, BARB WIRE FENCING ORNAMENTED IRON AND WIRE WORN. See pa«e 105. THOMAS MUSSEN'S FRENCH KID GLOVE WAREHOUSE, Cakpbis and Gbsbral Dry Goods, 1661, 1653 & 2655 Notre Dame Street, and 4 & (> St. Lambert Street. See page 166. No. 1740 Notre Dame St., Montreal. GEORGE WILSON, - FASHION.\BLB - BOOT & SHOE MANUFACTURER. See page 167. RUBEN.STEIN BROS., Established 1S04. Silver Gold and Nickf.i Platers. Nickel Platlnc. Made a Speci.xltv. 537 and 537i CRAIG STREET, ilo.vrnEAi.. See page 159- Capital, THE - - - ^200,000. (Limited.) Map and Book Work by BURLAND LTTHOGRAPHIC COMPAXY, Engravers and Printprs, ( and 7 Blei.ey Strei t, Montreal. Photo- Engraving, Photo-Lithogriphinit and Win Procesii Label' and Color Work of al) kinds a specialty, General Printers and Eleitrotypers. See page 170. W R ROSS & CO., wholesale grocers and importers — OF — teas, sugars, Etc. No. 18 ST. MAURICE STREET. CARDINAL & CO., FASHIONABLE TAILORS, 1633 NOTRE DAME STREET, MONTREAL See page 141. BRITISH AMERICAN DYEING CO., ^m' gold medalist dyers -1^ RIBBONS, SILKS & PIECE GOODS. GENTS AND LADIES WARE OF ALL KINDS DYED AND CLEANED. J4JS NOTRE DAME STREET. Bee page 145- BRITISH AMERICAN BANK NOTF COMPANY. Capital, $200,000. Offices ■—^6 ST. JOHN STREET, Month Q. B. BURLAND, Q. J. BOWL^ President and Manager. J. H. WALKER WOOD ENGRAVER AND 132 ST, JAMES ST., (Forest MONTRKAU See page 162. CITIZENS INSURANCE COMPANY OF CANADA ESTABLISHED 1664. I CAPITAL $1,168,000. ' HEAD OFFICE, 179 ST. JAMES STREET, MONTREAL. PRESIDENT aE3:E2:TS?,'S' Hi-y^MI-A-iT, Esq.. Lyman, Sons A Co., Montreal and Toronto VICE PRESIDENT -A-iTIDI^ETTT- -A.XjIj.A.iT, E«qL. {Allan Line A" M. S. S) The Citizens lunurauce Comi«ny of Cnniula haa {coi)yrighted and is now issuing the following New Forms or Lifi I>inttkancr COUPON ENDOWMENT BOND By whidi the iiolder may obtain on advance of money at any momtnt, by ttiniiily handing the bond over to the lender. Free of any oouditions whatever and NEGOTIABLE ANYWHERE. From 160 to 3^9 per cent, is offered ai> the tontine profits in thiH iorm of Policy. The meet attractive Insurance ui tliw Country LIFE ENDOWMENT AND ANNUITY BOND Payable at ages 66, 60 or 66 with annuity thereafter. From 331 to 567 p. c. are the prolits on this Policy to the assured. TERM TONTINE POLICY Competing in rates with all Asscssuient Associatious Profits to the asBui'Hl troui 119 to 243 per cent. ACCIDENT AND LIFE POLICY— ACCIDENT ENDOWMENT POLICY DOUBLE sum payable in event of death by accident rates low. Weekly indemnity allowed. GERALD E. HART. On. Man. See page 110 ^nl4>> UCIfi., i^^cOmi aad. J3t. ^»a,-va.l Street $1.60 TO $2.00 PER DAY. STEARNS k MURRAY, - • • Proprietors. THE STANDARD FORTY MINU- TES WASTE in every hour spent in writing with the pen. — iTiis time can Ijc saved by U- sing the Reming- ton Type Writer. The Only WRIT- ING MACHINE that can ha used by ANYONE 'at TYPE WRITER sight,and will stand in repair and save time. Useil 'by Leading Insurance Compmiit's, Railways, Lawyers, Merchants, Ac, in United States and Canada. Adopted by Dominion Government. Send for catalogue and testimonials. Agent J. 0* FLAHERTY, 450 St. Paul St., Montreal. 38 St, Nicholas St. after 1st May. mjkm, S0I4S S MASON EVANS.LESCHER S WEBB LONDON. ENG • .IK ■■■'■■ (\ i^' J. EVANS, SONS K CO LIVERPOOL, END liii.auco.-i ^ ■^l of ili)iKO'-"' " ■ *! .i tneiu-iiiro of ;■ i' • ijiwtoiner-i sucli ^i=- An"''Tl i^"^ MANUFACTURING PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTS. .\bMii.l. ottiCoiiSliMi'ifrjEAN BAPTISTE S' XMCH : nCT, WEST TORONTO 1^ 1- gee page 169 WARDED CURD'S GINGER ALE. ,.i Nr,w vet to cent. ioy to « 110 TE apcni hth» time i)y u- ning- riter. KIT- [INE used E 'at stand ronce c, in • inioD I nt J. 18 St. .>«