IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) /• // ^./ .^M 4^ 1.0 1.1 u, lit itt |2j8 |3j2 140 L25 IHU ISOmnr 2.5 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 •> «. '^ /IPPLIED J IIVUGE . Inc j:a! 1653 East Main Street ^^L Rochester, NY 14609 USA ^^S*^ Phone: 716/482-0300 J=:^S Fax: 716/268-5989 e 1993, ApplM Imaga, Inc , All Rights Reserved "^"^^'^JU ^2^ ^ .V .V 'ik^ ■/V^ <^ <.. CIHM Microfiche Series (ll/lonographs) ICMH Collection de microfiches (monographles) Canadian Instituta for Historical IMicroroproductions / Inatitut Canadian da microraproductions hittoriquaa TaehniMl and Bibliogrtphk NotM / NotM ttchniqutt et bibliographMiuM The Inttituta hat attamptad to obtain tha b«t original copy availabia for filming. Faaturai of thii copy which may ba bibliographicaily uniqua, which may altar any of tha imagai in ttia raproduction. or which may significantly changa tha usual mathod of filming, art chackad balow. 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Les details de cet exemplaire qui sont peut4tre uniques du point de vue btbliographiqtie, qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exigsr une modification dans la mithode normaie de f ilmage sont indiqu^ ci-detsous. □ Coloured pages/ Paget de couleur □ Pages damaged/ Pages endommagias □ Pages restored and/or laminated/ Paget r^cMtiat et/ou pellicultes Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ Paget dteolories. tachetto ou piquies □ Pages detached/ Pages ditachies HShowthrough/ Transparence □ Quality of print varies/ Quality in^le de I'impression □ Continuous pagination/ Pagination continue □ Includes index(es)/ Comprend un (des) index Title on header taken from: / Le titre de I'entlte provient: I livraison □ Title page of issue/ Page de titre de la I □ Caption of issue/ Titre de depart de la livraison □ Masthead/ Gene Generique (periodiques) de la liv.,j;ison This item it filmed at tha reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document ett f lime au taux da reduction mdiqui ci-dessoii 'OX 14X 18X 22X 26 X 30X 12X 16X 20X 24 X 28 X 32 1 u'il e«t dt VIM tion 4s Th« oopy filmed h«r« has to th« g«n«ro«ity of: Library Agricuhurt Canada boon roprodueod thanks Tho Imogoo appooring horo aro ttio boat quality poaaibia eonaidaring tha condition and lagibllity of tho original copy and in Icaoping with tho filming eontraet spoeiflcation^. Original eopioa in printad papar eovara ara filmod beginning with tho front covor and anding on tho laat paga with a printad or illuatratad impraa- •ion. or tho back covor whan appropriate. All othor original copioo ara filmad beginning on tho first poge with a printed or illuatratad impreo- sion. and anding on tho laat paga with a printad or illuatratad improaaion. The laat recorded fremo on eoeh microfiche shell contain the symbol —» (mooning "CON- TINUBD"). or the symbol ▼ (moaning "BNO"). whichever appliea. Mapa. platee, charts, etc.. mey bo filmod at different reduction retioe. Thoao too large to bo entirely included in one expoauro are filmed beginning in the upper left hand comer, left to right and top to bottom, aa many framae ae required. Tho following diagrama illuatrate tho method: l'ex«mplaire film* fut reproduit grice A la g«n4roaiti da: Biblioth4qut Agricultura Canada Lea imagee suivantae ont M reproduitea avec le plua grand soin. compto tenu do la condition at do la nottet« do I'exempleire film«. et w contormitA avec lee conditiona du contrat da fllmago. t Lea axompiairea originaux dont la couverture •n papier eet imprimAo sent filmAs en commenpant par le premier plat at 9n terminent soit par la demiiro poge qui comporte une ampreinte d'Impreoaion ou d'Uluatration, soit par le second plat, salon le eas. Toua lee sutras •xompiairas originevix sent filmte en commenpant par la pramiiro page qui comporte une empreinte dimpreeaion ou d'Uluatration et en terminent per la damlAro poge qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un dee symboiee suh/ents appareltra sur la damlAro imege do cheque microfiche, seion le caa: le symbole — ^ signifie "A SUIVRE", le aymbolo ▼ signifie "FIN". Ua cartee, planchee. tabieeux. etc.. peuvent «tre nlmAo i dee taux da rOduction diffiranta. Loraquo le document oat trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un soul cliche, il oat fllm« A partir do I'anglo sup4riour goucho. do geuche k droito. ot do hout en bee. an prenent le nombre dimogeo nAcossaira. Lea diagrammes suivanta iiluatrent ki m^thodo. 1 2 3 1 D 22 1 6 E ONTARIO AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN Lxxx. EFFECT OF FOOD ON MILK AND BUTTER. BT H. K. DBAN, B.S.A., PBOFESSOB OV DAIHV HDSBANnBT. PUBLKOMn nv TBBDaPARTMBlfT OW AGBIOULTUBB Oetober 94, 1899 TORONTO PRINTED BY WARWICK & SONS ■ g- |ii n ii * ii..i'«^iWiMaWi Mii. ii MINISTER OF AORIOULTUBB Hon. John Dryden, Toronto. Ontario Agricultural CoIlef6«or of Dairy Hu.b«idry. K LAWBKfo. Hunt. B.A. . . A«i.Unt Re.ident wid M.them*ticid M«t«. aTzZi^l'^r' In.tructori„DriU.„dGy.„^io.. H. B.SHABMAK.B.S. A. .."..■• A rrnK*"-"- Bomr. A0VI80BT BOARD. v. \j. aa.aisa, so. A,, ixaretory Jowr I. HoBSON, OhaimuM Deputy Minister of Agriculture, Toronto. Motborongh, County of Wellington. BULLETIN LXXX. GuAlph, Pmident. ntendent. Geology, r Saenoe. ubMidrjr. IMMter. mnMtio*. DenUlitt. Ohemiat. ..BtUMur. Toronto. sUiogton. EFFECT OF FOOD ON MILK AND BUTTER. During 1891 we conducted an rxperiinent similar to the one here reported. The cowg used in the expprim'-nt wew six in nun.her, divided into three lots- two cows j„ .adi lot. Tl.« fi^ui-rn] plan was to feed each lot for lour weeks on <..,n ia»i..n. note the quantity and quality of the milk an.i hi.ttHr. th. „ .I.HnKH to anoth^-r ration and fef5d for four we^kf. until e«.h Im hnd l.e.n f.d each ration for the RHme length of time. The rutions wfie : , No. 1. Enhilage, 30 li>. ; oat r raw, 20 l».. ; hay (cut), 10 lb. •""•»»J No. 2. Hay (cut), 20 lb.; linsnd oil meal, 4 lb." ; cottonseed meat. lb. ' ^i°'q^,u^*^ ^''"*)' -^ ^^- ' P^* '"<^»^ * '*>. ; oatmeal, 5 lb. ; com meaJ, o lb. The effect on the fat and Roli.Ig not f„t ^m m follows • .K-ft!i''*'T'vr ''?'•"' '"' *-''^'" '" •'"• """t »»y the three lot* when fed ration No. I .a.3 G7 ; on .No 2. 3.49 ; and on No. 3 3.26 The average per rent, of «oli.lH not. fat ir. ni all the lots when fed on No. 1 wan 7.79 ; on No 2 8 62 ; a...l on No Tit Z a 37 In every case there was a Rli^l.t .I.ereaRe in per cent, of solids not fat when the cows were fed the pr., r iHtion. Some conclusioiiH fiom tin. pxierinu-nt of |«9| • fh«; J^V*'^'\** * ■'• ''"■'•""•' '^ '"^ •"■ "' u»'in"id8 in the ration. n^ aboTt thT' " ; """ '■"'' '" ""•*« "^^ ^»''« '^^k, main? j;: iritt reduced ""' '""''-^ " '' *'°"*^^ '''« „,„»^ J ""f "" ■» the orsam from each lot JZ T J "" "kim-milk was teited; wa. teated "£ T^itvol tL t^K eeparatelj; the butter-miik ood doet not long at th« tioularly to the oMe of can assitni- luction and le, but will Mretion. > profitable food in the nveatment. raw in the ilage from food from production 12.31 : in ) the value to lose in for 1891.) oondocted T of 0OW8 I of three, ited from ows used 2, No. 4 I 60 lb. ensilage, (uncut), ts. langed to I' II com- n Na 1. rom each »t, water lined on ilk from 3 tested; )ter-milk >ple sent riut oad nd dose Table s howing effect on quality with lot i (3 cows): Week ending— April 17... ^' 24... "s' I::: Average*. Hay June 23... 29... 5.. 13... 8.60 3.84 3.31 3.30 8.38 3.10 3.81 3.37 8.43 Average P.O. •Olldd not fat Averages. 3.80 8.90 8.71 8.77 8.66 8.76 8.85 8.90 8.86 8.81 8.86 Average P.O. total solids. 12.40 12.06 12.08 13.01 12.14 11.96 12.31 12.23 13.34 13.16 ^^ 31.21 30.74 19.73 18.86 30.13 30.00 30.66 30.08 30.03 lb. butter in two days. 6.0 6.1 4.1 6.6 6.3 lb. milk for one lb. but- ter. 6.6 4.9 6.9 30.19 6.8 33.0 36.3 37.8 36.7 26.7 Rfttion. 28.0 36.1 31.9 36.3 No. I. 801b. ensilage; 6 lb. hay (unout) ; 1 lb. bran. No. 3. 901b.enailaBe:&lb. pea meal: 8 lb. oat meal; 3 lb. barley meal; 61b. hay (onout). Table showing effect on quality with lot ii (3 cows) : Week ending— ApraiJ.... May 1.:;: Averages. May 22.... "^ 29.... June 6.... " 12*... Average p. 0. solids not fat Average p. 0. total solids. lb. butter in two dajTs. lb. milk for one lb. but- ter. Ration. 8.69 8.63 8.66 3.66 3.66 8.71 8.81 4.00 • • • • 9.20 9.20 9.29 9.12 9.20 8.76 8.89 8.20 12.80 12.83 12.94 13.77 13.80 13.47 13.70 13.30 18.84 18.36 17.64 17.43 18.04 18.09 11.66 11.48 4.0 6.6 6.8 6.4 6.1 26.8 23.9 24.8 26.7 26.1 No. 2. 60 lo. ensilage : 6 > lb. pea meal ; 8 :b. oatmeal; 2 i- barley meal ; lb. hay(unout). No. 1. 60 lb. ensilagre ; 1 lb. bran; 6 lb. hay. 2.9 8.6 34.8 34.7 Averages. 1 « ^' a 117 .n^^ It mi- """'^"Be per cent, ot lat from the same cows was resneofcivAlv tSl^^'^Vot^A^VT.^^'TK^^ *""^ "«"'i« fromthe^tw"^S^nring Condtuiona as to Quality. 1. The average of four weeks on a poor ration with Lot i was 3.38 per cent of fat. With one week intervening, during whtoh time they were changed to a rich ratio., ^ontoining the sSZamoHS lor.ri,ort period ol lirao^iSri'- ^^l^'n *•,"'»« oonclud. tk.? jear. The average of both lL T- s «q *** ''*'"® " *••«« 'o"* '»»•• ind 9.03 on theTeal ration ^'' °'"'- ^" ''*" P^"" '•"o'* Tablo ahowinn; effect on quantity : D«te. Lot I, Aprilll_M»y8.... May 16 -June 12... Lotn. April 11— May 1 , •May 16-June 6 . Weight I Weight of OOWM of COWS at begin 'atcioae ilin» of period. a 2,918 -624 ltl,041 Ration. Enailageandhay. Knuilwe, hay and meal. Knsilage.mealand hay. Ensilage ai.d bay. • On. cow .ick for two day. i„ thi. ,«riod. f Tho ow^^i^; 1 W*i. T Conclusiong aa to Quantity. B-ore milk in four WMkg .1,)?. ™. •^' .^7 S"™ *•"' «« "•>• length of time wah^^ „«f °|J '""« "".^ "■•" ■'"™« «" «".« recent y. Those in 1 <^^ n k-j u ..*? *"'* ^°^ ^^^ calved giving n.ili.,.nd th^o"1; o.S^J'Z™''S^'°' "■•"■"""' •""" «>ite,poi,ding increMo of mUk *" '*' ''° *"'" "'"><>»' » I II I II •▼erage per k» was 3.30 : gave milk which thej 'le receiving nclude that t affect the nt. ^ed a alight rue for this poor ration Ution. re and hay. I«. hay and re,niealand reai.dbay. ppear to i 66 lb. the same in some d calved l^r time n No. 1, te ration Is .vhile ithout a n ^O. 1 i.i8 per bly fed LoMet of fat in skim-milk and buttermilk : Number of trials. Average i).o. fat in ■kim-niilk. Lot I. Lot II { 4.. 8. 0.20 0.33 0.72 0.4M Averaire p.o. fat in buttt^rmilk. Ration. 0. 0. 0.10 0.16 finailage and hay Knsilage, hay and meal. Rniilaffe, hay and meal. htmluifi) and hay. meal ration was fed in addition to the eSage ' ^'^ '*** Analysis of butter : ".unge. Lot. I II I II Ration. No. l-l,t period No. a -lit period No. 2-2nd period No. 1— 2nd period.., Average on Ration ? Average on Ration I Iodine Melting number, point 32.00 80.02 33.32 82.66 29.42 32.26 84.16 82.61 82.70 88.88 • Average of four«n»Iy«o. and determination./ th. melting poinj m.lj i ' 'i^T^"^ ,<"" " '»<> ^'g^ in Both lot. S^yr«ZJ^uZ„ ti£r'"S£ ."KSr"" ,»? """"■ wh» . „,.t„« of oa »r-^x ^''m"- '^^^^^ m meal alone wa« fed ; and 4.1« on the cottonseed meal ration " If Ik K Sr^^L* .^ 'r*. '«'°«<*i°« ''hich will produce firmer batter a butter that will ".Und up" better in hot weather, the quSj beoomee of much practical importance. 4«wMon There appears to be little difference in the average composition of the butter produced by the two rationa I repeat wC wa. iUted m t&e last College Report, p. 169: "That tVe vai^ina per cent, of fat water and other subetancei found in butter, ii likelv due^ore to the method of manufacture than to the influent Practical Points for Farmers. 1. For practical une I would not recommend either of the rations used in thiH experiment. No. 1 I consider deficient in milk produo- mg .ubetances, and No. 2 is too rich for our ordinary cows, as thev did not appear to be able to digest and assimilate so much meal I would also warn against feeding much more than 60 lb. ensilage" per day to cows weighing under 1,000 lb. We have found the followinir ration to give good results : 60 lb. of corn ensilage, 6 lb. of hay f^n^ T*';^' "^"f ?'''\°^ ^ *"^ °*^'»«»' "««* in «q"»l proper! tCL Jt 9 IK '*,*^r '^^^n'^ ^ high priced, I would\ecomm^d the use of 2 lb. of cottonseed meal (in place of the bran or meals) per day to each cow, when it can be bought for about $30 per ton ul^Jiu'^''^^^' *''°"?^ "°* wastefully, bearing in mind that although the;,.r c«ij. of fat may not be increased by liberal feeding the total amount of fat or butter may be largely increased by causiiS the cow to pve a larger quantity of milk. Three thing* determbS the value ot a cow : the gualitj, of her milk, the quanYity she gives, •ad the economical U8« she makes of her food. ^ if , •?l ^f*"u'^i^® **°i, J®*.*^^' ''ttttermakers are frequently troubled with soft butter. This is largely due. in most cales, to impJoptr handling of the milk cream and butter, but there is a tendency during hot spells for the butter to be soft no matter what the (ire *!! ""^jv- '". "P«riment8 here reported I am led to believe that the addition of a small quantity of meal, especially cottonseed meal has a tendencv to make the butter firmer, or as we say, raise the I^ J? f?""* ''^^^ T ^ '^^ *^^K^^ Centigrade. Last simmer we fed about 1 lb. per day to each co^/, while at pasture, and our butter- maker mformi. me that he did not have a churning of soft butter dunng the whole season. Whether this was due altogether to the S^finrtTti! \ ^"V''*? Pf-^P*"^ ^ "y- ^"* I *hi°»^ it had some- thing to do with It. In feeding cottonseed meal it should be mixed wifcu ufatk, cvn nay, or aotue grain meal.