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Jolin liac. the celebiatiul Aivtic explore r, lectured on Sa- turtiay evftniiii^t > n large audience, in Wesley hall, for the benefit of the Historical ami Scientific Society of" Manitoba. The chair was taken by the President of the Society, Mr. Alex- ander McArthur, who, in introducing the lecturer, announced that he had very kindly allowed the proceeds of the lecture to go to the funds of the Society, and that it was intended to devote them to the formation of a nucleus of a libraiy of Arctic travels and research, under the care of the Society. D)\ Rae ]»reffieed his lecture with the observation that having ])aHsed ihe last week in travelling and consequently had not had tune to look up tlie subject, and as he had no notes, he therefore craved the induljj;eiice of his audience. The subject of Arctic explo- ration, he said was a very large one, and he might go over the dis- coveries and reseai'clies of other people ; but he rather thought that his hearers would like to have some of his own experience, (ap- plause) nrtt that he regarded his own as of greater importance than those of others, but because it was always pleasanter to hear a man speak of what he had done himself, as he could speak with confi- dence of it. His first object in going to the Arctic regions was to trace out a lar!4(! bay (noi'thwest of Hudson's Bay) which he point- eit on a map kititlly furnished for the occasion by Mr. R. D. Richardson. The i>ay was upwards of seven hundred miles around, and three or four Oovernujent expeditions, commanded by some of the most experieneet I Arctic navigatoi-s of England had attempted the survey of the (toast. Parry, Sir George Back, Capt. Lyons, and Sir John Ross had attenipted to push tlirou.;li, but failed. The lecturer showed the points reached l\y these, also a gap which had still been h-ft uusnrvcyed. In 1reters. There was very little sign of living creatures ; they obtained scarcely enough venison to keep them, and were obliged to consume a considerable part of their pemmican. Observin-z, however, the tracks of reindeer, which had passed up north in thi^ spring, he came to the conclusion that they would return later in the autumn. Not desiring to expose his men to danger without their consent, he asked them whether they would winter thei-e with him, as if they went back to the woods for win- ter thpy would he too far away from their woik in the spring. All agreed to stay. They then built a store house, with the door com- posed of skiii on a frame, and toolc up their cpiarters while the day was still wet. in faet it iiever dried ; but after a time it froze, so that the place heciime ijuite comfortable. A curious etiect produced wa'^ that it rather destroyed t! e lecturer's library. He iiad put his books on a piece of boai-d on the wall where tliey became so damp f" 1 the moisture of the house, that when the frost came they froze .io of wine or spirits l)eing \ised. \n practise he was not a teetotaller, but he knew that spirits wcsre ver^' injurious in a cold climate. The deer having begun to return, one hundred and twenty were killed befoi'e the end of October. Tlieir skins were used foi- clothinu, and the lecturer became eas,y and (Comfortable in his mind, knowing that the party were now saved from starvation, tlioni^h real hard work had been required to get the animals. Although he had been bi'ought up rather a kt-en sportsma.i in the north of Sc^otland, he had never .shot deer be'fore ; yet he himself killed about half of the deer which kept then) all winter About a ton of stone had to be piled upon every one of the animals to keep the wolves and foxes irom eating them. Sometimes the deer were hauled about a mile to the stones ; at other times it wa.s more convenient to ha\\\ tl " stones to the deer. Sonutinies six or seven deer were taken in a day ; and preeioiis care was taken to save every bit of them. The blood was fc»und to uuike beautiful soup, and it was saved by being put into the stomachs of the animals, which were pre))ared for the purpose by l)eing turned inside out and rubbed with snow. When ^ OS. It at York June, they ay for nine s or other entirely on Immense 7 early in iniiinj? the get along, igether, in- little sign 1 to keep t of their vliich had that they 5 his men ley would for win- ing'. All oor com- tht' day frozo, so prodticed 1 put his so damp i«y fr(jze which estroyed was tt» J is way so that larks (if rop of toUllor, The killed n^, and ^^ that work be(')i iid, he i)f the to be foxes mile \\ tlie in a The being r the iVhen cooked with a little flower it made a very wholesome, nice dish. The Esquimaux, as regiilarly as possible, saved up the stomachs of the deer to be eaten in a frozen state. They had a sourish taste and were not at all unphmsant, and they were a preventive of scor- butic diseases The party lived \ ery comfoitable. A school was opened, but ink could not be used, as every iliing was frozen. Thoy also could not wash, as the water froze inimediately on coming in contact with the hair or beard. Clothes could not be washed but were cleaned by tramping theuj in the dry .snow. This was done with the blankets every week ; and they kept their bodies clean by rubbing them with snow, never using water except for drinking, Attempts to wash linen resulted in its being frozen hard in drying, so that it was broken in pieces hy the action of the wind, it took two hours to boil the kettle, and the door had to be left open as the smoke would not go up the chimney. No advantage was de- rived from the Are in respect to warmth, but, on the conti'ary, the temperature of the house fell from fifteen to twenty degrees while the fire was on, in consequence of the door having been left open. Hence they were glad to get the kettle ofl'and would eat the food even before it was well cooked. Their Christmas was as jolly a ow as they had ever spent. As was the custom of the H. B. Company's officers all over the country, he had kej>t a little spirits to give a glass to every man at Christmas time. Their Christmas dinner con- sisted of a glass of hot brandy and water, some venison and a very good plum pudding ; and a game of ball served to give an appetite. This was the lecturer's fii'st expedition. All the party were greeti at the work. They tried to follow the habits of the Esquimaux as far as they could. One thing they did which had never been done by those in charge of Goveniment ex]>editions, as soon as they saw a snow hut made they set to work to construct one for theniselves. The shape was that of a bee-hive and the walls were six inches thick. A great deal of ingenuity was required to build it projicrly. It was so translucent that one could read and write inside, and it was tlie best shelter that could be had. His object in making his men learn to do this was that when overtaken by the frequent storms in tra- velling, they might run up in half an hour or less a shelter that would completely {protect them from the cold until the weat'ier changed for the better. In the spring thoy prepareil to make long sledge ioumeys, the first that were made along the Arctic coast in America. The .sledges they made were like toboggans, with rumici-s to |>vo- tect from the ice; .uid they were loaded with aboirt two humlred pounds per man. Tliey travelled to the point where Sir John Ross had turned back and conq)leted that line of route. Othcir tim.' pieces having failed, there was at length but one watch left whicih the lecturer had givtiu to one of his men. The mainsi)ring of this broke also, and though it was repaired once or twice it still gave way until an old spring which had been notched and converted in- to a saw for cutting iron, was found and inserted after which it went famously the whole .^easou ; although a watchmakeijto whom it was afterwai'ds shown would scarcely believe the fact. With nothing but this watcth and a compass to guide them, they succeed- r ed, after a journey of 300 and 400 miles, of striking within a con- J)le of miles, the point for which they were aiTniug, and where they bund marks of Sir John Koss. They at lengtlj turned back, hav- ing done over twenty miles a day during the whi>lo journey. In returning along the slioro with his one or two men, one of the hai'dest of their experiences was encountered. The masses of ice were so rough and the rocks so bold and rugged that they could not use their sledges and so had to cany everything (»)i tlieir backs a distance of five hundred miles. No such a thinu' liad been before attempted in the Arctic regions. Thoy underwent several curious experiences. Running short of food, thej- were reduced to eat pieces of bone and skin, etc. Ptarmii?an they ate, bones and all, from the beak to the toe-nails. They killed one deer and ate him up, stomach and everything that was eatable, except the skin. The lecturer had never used tijbaccu ; but a curious eifect upon the poor men when they rau short of it was such a craving that they ate the linings of their coat pockets and chewed and smoked every- thing that had the taste or smell of tobacco. Havitig reached their supplies, although starving, tlie first thing they did was to have a chew of tobacco and a smoke. On getting back they found an im- mense qaantity of salmon at the place. One morning 170 were killed, weighing on an average about five pounds each, and ranging from four to fifteen pounds. The sagacity and acuteness of the sal- omn were shown in the I'act that, although they had never seen a net before, yet having once come in contact with it no power couM drive them back to it but they would run between the legs of the men to escape. The lecturer considered the Esquimaux the finest savages in America. The Djiiios spoke favorably of them in Green- land ; so also did the missionaries in Libradt)r and all others who had come in contact witii them had found them a tractable and pleasant people. Thty even showed evidences of a higher civiliza- tion. An Esquimaux, on meeting strangers, first introduced him- self and told his name, and then introduced his wife and pointed to his childreji. Wlien otfered a })resent, lie always otl'ered some- thing in return. The lectiuer hod ntjver known theuj to beg. All their worst habits thev learned iVom white n^en. Those whom he had met, had never before seen whites, except on one or two instan- ces. The men showed great kindness to their wives. Women were treated as the e(iuals of tlx; men, and the children were treated with the utnu)st kindness. Children were dutiful io their parents. Wlien children lost their parvmts there was a rcgulai' scramble to adopt them, {is it wns known that they would, when grown "ip, take care of the ;!.>vd. A young man was sometimes known to take his old father uiUiiy days journey to see his birthplace before he died. It was not often that an Indian was seen to do that. They showed great gratitude foi' kindness re(^eived. As an instance the lecturer told of three oi- four old people whom he allowed to stay near his quarters dunng the absence of their peoi)le. They never came to ask for tood and gave no trouble. Ue sent his servant from time to time to see if they had food, and gave them what they wanted. After their friends had returned, having been veiy suc- r^S ivitliin a coii- d where they d back, hav- joumey. In one of the lasses of ioe ley could not leir backs a been before veral curious uced to eat )nes and all, ind ate him pt the skin. Bct upon the g that they noked every- reached their IS to have a bund an iin- 170 were and ranging ■ss of the sal- nevei' seen a power could legs of the IX the finest em in Gieen- uthers who ractable and filer civiliza- oduced him- and pointed tiered some- to beg. All 56 whom he r two instan- Women were ^'elv treated heir parents, scramble to grown "ip, iiown to take e before he that. They instance the ved to stay Tiiey never servant from what they 1 veiy suc- cessful in iheir seal fishing, a de[»utation was sent to express their thanks for the kiiidness shown to the old people; and they con- tinued to supply the party with all the seal's fat required, refusing to accept any pay. They always started to retire from Dr. Rae's presence when they saw his breakfast or dinner brought, and even from the men's tent when they saw the kettle taken off, thus show- ing much delicacy. The jmrty lived in very great amity with them. They had some curious notions. Their belief in a Supreme Being was perfect. They believed in a good and a bad spirit, but thought the good siiirit so beneficent that he would not hurt them as they wei'e his ovyn children. If they did not behave weh they would be given up to the power of the evil spii-it ; hence they propitiated the evil spirit that he might not hurt them. They did not worship him but they made him offerings to prevent him from injuring them. They believed that the Aurora was the spirit of the dead visiting each other in Heaven, The falling stars were of the same nature. Respecting the sun and moon they said that a man took fire to Heaven and lit the sun ; that he afterwards took his sister up, but that, as he was cruel to her, she ran away and became the moon ; and that he has ever since been chasing her, but has never caught her. As soon as the ice broke up in the spring, the party, after laying in a stock of fish and venison and building an o\ in (the lat- ter having been done by the very good mason, the one who had built their store house, John Corrigal, one of the best men the lec- tures ever had with him), they made some very good bread and started for home : got back in due time to York Factory, and went home thence by ship. The expense of the exjiedition amounted to but £1,400, as against £17,000 or £18,000 by a Government ship. The lecturer concluded his account of this exjiedition by referring to the Esquimaux method of treating frost-bites on the face, namely, jjlacing the warm hand u))on the skin, and thus fetching back the circulation, instead of rubbing with snow and thereby taking oft" the skin. In 1847, Dr. Rae, a few weeks after liis return, joined Sir John Richardson in another expedition to look for Sir John Frank- lin. They went over the ccmtinent, up the McKenzie and Copper Mine rivers, left their boats which had been cut through by ice, and walked a long journey to Bear Lake, where they wintered. They found no trace of Sir John Franklin. In 1 849 they went down the river again but the ice blocked their passage. In 1850 the lecturer came back again, having been employed by the Government to look ^gain for Franklin, though not knowing (exactly where to go. Starting with tinee mon in the spring from R'y ^ backfll''^ n'^"^' »'"«h "-as «]fe , rock, twelve tn ««. :, ^"'s ice fnv««j niled up wul . ^r one had ,?e„ ft JS,,*" '«f e it .te„d_ ' , „^^''^,«,5>h Cohml 4"»ea m a tent ' k . "«"se.s. or of wJw -^ **^o"t a tJifrW T *«rer taking ,t.o/?P^'''^^'-^i'^'mdeMl''"' ^^'^"'" ^ave b,en ,. ^'^'-vatioii.s Ld^J. '^ '^'"t^^du places « i T^*^ «>verino. T" ,^*'- '•ext man and he thl' ! '^ ''« ^i«hod to f , "^^ "'^"aiiv sJpn? -»' 'J<"i.»g besides. Cwei^ 'P y^ith ICO, "''^-^ of table -."««i they •^'VP8, they "^/•^ River, /l^ey then *^ne inter- r ^tron/fej. ^>^he had 'rrode in cornpie- «y passed «ts stij; a *e H. B. rted with 'e found "616 re- ft snow «■ to ex- ■'ut not CoJuin- t to «io iJ t/io ^'e top of the 'ciiied '1 th(« 'tti'ng- hut their hem * .So 'hey oke kv.t eui of re- h. '^ )t e / ■fi r per man in marching was ninety pounds, while in Dr. Rae's expe- ditions it was but thirty-five pounds, enabling them to take much lonjjor journeys per day. In three journeys of 1,100 miles each, thuir average per day was 20 to 25 miles, while others "^ade but 10 or 11 miles. The latter had large crews of sixty men c so in the ships, and so wei'c enabled to employ auxiliaiy sledges, one of which returned after five or six days, another after ten or twelve, etc. Their bedding became covered with their breath, which contjcaied, .so that the blanket bags became like sheet ii'on , while Dr. Rae's party were able to keep all their material dry, .so that after fifty or sixty days it was as fieHJi as on the first day. Tlie lattor enjoyed other advantages from having beeji accustomed to that sort of life in the H. B. Co's service, which was a famous school for Arctic work, the men having to travel where there wa no timber or other fuel. Although living in snow huts, without Hie, light, or anything beyond their bare food, there were nu jtdlier or healthier men there being no scin-vy, rheumatism, or any otliei- d-sorder among them. On tln^ir way to survey the part of the coast refeired to, they met an Ksqnimatix whom J.)r. Rae asked, as liis custom was, if he had ever seen any whites In -fore. He answered that he had seen some dea<1 white 1110)1. A le; as, if they had d(me so, they would also have killed his (Dr. Kae'.s) men, knowing that he was 200 or 300 mdes away, as all tlieir goods were piled upon the rocks with (mly an oilcloth over them. He believed that Franklin's men had eertainly flied of scurvy and starvation. Dr. Rae then hurried home and told the Government that they were looking in the wrong direction ; as, when he left England, there were four ships engaged in the seari;h sevei'al hundr* 1 miles further north. H(* had jiroved to his satisfaction that all Franklin's people were deaii. He had obtained a pretty clear knowledge of where the dead bodies had been seen. He ofiered any quantity of weapons to the F^stpiimaux if they would tell him of one man living, but they shook their heads and held u]> four fingers to .show that they had all lieen dead at least four years. He came to the conclusion that they told the truth, because he found that their staten\ent on various occasions, eoncerning other matters, were consistent. Their statements corres})onded exactly with what Parry had mentioned thirty years before. They also told a number of things about Sir John Ross which they recollected from twenty yeari before, and which corresponded with the facts. They had, however, since been v»* .i In 8 a good deal confused hy leading quostions. The story of the Es- (juinmiix was tliat a |)arty of thirty or forty men had been seen in King William's Land travelling southward and hauling their boat** seawards. The land where the dead bodies had been found M'as de- scribed as a low, flat shore. Sir {let)rge Back had related that in KS33 or 1834 a gale of wind from the north had driven the water over the whole of tlu^se flats. A recurrence of this would cause any remains to be driven away. The lecturer had obtained in the spring either the crest :)r the initials of fourteen of the sixteen officers of both of the ships. Franklin himself had died in June or July, ISIT, and in the winter of KS+T-tiS no less tlian twenty-four had died, nine of whom were otticers. As but fifteen out (jf the one iiundred men had died, the proportion of offii'ers was very large. The Es- quimau.v statet that amonj; the dead bodies they had ft)uud bones and feathers of (fuese, .showiu'' that the men must have )»een livina; in June, when also the. snow was a good deal off the ground and the deer were goin;^ northward, so tliat men such as Dr. Kae's party could have got their living. Those .uen, howe\er weie very help- less, and not aeeiistt)med to lunit. llobert MeCiure, who ujade the northwest passao-c: saw huntlvedft of hare and ptannigan and lots of deii', I'lil i,i iiM" month was oily altle to kill seven hares, tliough a hare is an easy tliiiiy' to kill. The leetuier here illnstraled with graphic minuteness thr- eunning of th(> hare and the i'o\ in liluding their enemies, the fox even gnawine the ro)te which connected a bait with the trigger of a gun, or scraping the snow, away so as to keeji hi m.self below the level of the gun while gnawing at the bait. The seal was also des(^ril>ed as a very sagacious animal and its man- ner of prej)aring Itreathing places f(»r itself .n the ice while at the same time providing for its own concealment was described. The explorers never us(>d any very wai-m clothing. They u ore moleskin drawers but not so nuich fur as was customary here, as it would be much too heavy. In returning they met with large tpiantities of ice ; but they had succeeded in partly accomplishing their object and his moi received a rewanl of XIO.OOO. Amencans had two or three times done sonietiiii;g of the sam<^ kin«i, but not the same thing exactly. Dr. Ilae's parly did not depend at all up(m the Ks- quimaiix, })ut killed their owji food and supplied the E.squimuu.x wiih more than they got froni them. Also thti Americans who went up always had ships within a few days niarch ol" where they were. Oapt. Hall went faraway up Smith Sound, twelve oi' lifteen years after the lecturer returned. His account of a story among the Ks- quimaux eoncernijig ( 'apt. t'ro/.ier, the aeeoinit of which corres- ponded with the eireimistances of Dr. I^'ie's e.xploratinns ; and he believed that he was the person meant, as the Ksipdnians have no knowleilge of n' ues In reference to tin; proposed Hudson's Bay I'oute to KuiMpe, the ItvMurer had every feeling of favor to this route and thoughl it would be a \er\ i;reat thing if practicable. If this country > to gr<)W up to l»e as great a country as Hiere was on Atneric;: very outlet that coidd he '^'ot foi- carrying ";it the produce woidd be advantageous. Many thiiigs, however, which hml l>een s&id concerning Hudson's Bay and Straits did not all agree with his .* ^oiy of the Es- ul been .seen iu Img tJieir boats » found M-as de- '•^'«tf't.s oi »"'s, Mm. Ugh a istrated with "^ '" »!ludinw poniieeted a *■«■>' so as to ? *t the bait, and its nian- ''lile at the ''i''j«d. Th.' >re rnoltskiii it Would be I'lantitie.s of tJu'ir ubje(!t had two or- ■ t''t; .vanu' m the Ks- Ktstjuiuiaux ^ who went fh('\ w,.,.,.. '■*'•"" year.s ^ Mie Ks- 'h <'orras- ^; and he havi- no ■<"m'.s Hay this roufV • If thi.s ' WHS on ' I'lodiice ''ad beeii with his ~!4lM 4:^ : > '4 S K ^ s /n^ ■ own experience ; for instance, that the whole bay was open all win- )>S ^ ter and that the Strait was navigable four months in the year. He * rj '^ went through the Strait in July, 1833, he thought, as surgeon on a sailing ship, and lay for three week s with out_aeeing a, bijL of open water. There were two sliips a mile and a half apart, and ladies went from one to the other on the ice, to take dinner. They met the ship from York Factory which bad been cruising backwards and forwards delayed by a barricade of ice through which no steamer could force its way. The deck was covered with two feet of ice, formea from the spray dashing over it ; and the bows were covered with ice, weighing her down two or three feet by the head. That was the lecturer's first experience, but it was a very bad year. The ship got home very well the hext year. When he went home in 184>7 , he saw very little ice ; but in 184-8 he met so much ice that it was a question whether they should put back again. He spoke of sailing ships ; steamers might get through better. The lecturer pointed on the map to a large ttody of water whence the ice must come through many islands into Hudson's Bay. In tlie bay itself there would be no trouble, though it was not exactly true that it did not freeze ove;'. At tlie southern extremity there was no open water inwinter, but the ice was Tour or five feet thick. He did not .say that the route was impracticable, but he suggested that a good Newfoundland sealer with good men should be sent up in the early spring to .see in what state the ice was. One year's observation would not decide the question ; for the most experienced whaling captain could tell how the ice would \m when he went up. The H. B. Company's sailing ships never left the north of Scotland be- fore the latter part of June, knowing that if they did they would be impeded by ice, although they were anjygus Uy{e^Jio_Y^orkJF»p- ^^,c_.a4 toryearlyjn the^ason. He would not reconuuend any great ex- a,,, ,^. >f'^ pe"iTicRIure of money until the facts regarding the Strait were {uWys'i^rft i^i* ^* established. Though the route was about 500 miles shorter, yet h^U fiu. c^' " • feared there would be an averaged etention of between four and five<,'<^y ^ days on each voyage. Lake Superior could, however, b(! navigated^' f,^^. for six months in the year, or j)erhaps more ; and the distance by^,^ /^^, rail from here was about the .same as that to Hudson's Bay. Unless/' ^ / ..,, the i(uestion regarding Hudscm's Strait was cleared up, he t'hought/*^J^ k ^. J it would be very unwise to Vniild the latter road. The greatest ab-..' *, ^ ,.. surdities were told by men who did not know. Thus the terminus/^ ''**",'* )) of the road was placed on a low island two miles from shore, and it ,*■* ^^ '\*"' was represented that there was a narrow and deej) ship's channel.""^*****' " Oenthimen had shown him this and he could not convince them that they were wrong. Again, it was said there was a fine (tlimate at Moose Factory, that tomatoes grow then!, etc., while the fact was that a green tomato an inch and a half in size had grown in a cor- ner exposed to the sun and coaxed with glass. So it was stated that cu(Miml)ers grew very nicely in the open air ; and it was true that anything could Ih! grown when cf)vered with glass. The lec- turer concluded with an interesting refenmce to the recent expedi- tion sent out to reach the polo by sledges and provided with a very oomplute outfit and the nccesnary (pialifications of hardiness and I Oi M nV /• /u«.| Uf^ /> 10 skill in hunting. They were a plucky lot, and in every way fitted for the work. He hoped that all the expeditions now out, of which there were some six or eight, might return safe. The lecturer having resumed his seat amid applause, a couple of gentlemen proposed questions respecting the number of occasions when lie had found the Sti-aits jammed with ice ; and as to whother he thought that the climate was likely to have changed any di ng the past fifty years. Ill answer to the first the lectturer rej^eated his statement that he hud onl_) been there three times. As to tli(^ second, he saiil that there wiM-e no facts to show tliat any change had taken jilace. Ships were still in the habit of meeting lar^e (quantities of ice. Tue wlialers and H. B. (Jompay's cajttains, with whom h(^ had a large iic(piaintanee, stated that the ic(^ was a.s uncertain and dan- gers MOW as it had ever been. ills (jiace, th(' Archbish()[» of St. Boniface, rose to ninvr a vote oi thanks to the lecturer. In doing so he spoke in high terms of the ability of tiie lecturer, and of the gratitude which was due to the lecturer for the interestinii moments which the audience had spent. He thought that the e.xjH'ileiu'e related jiroved what a man might do in de])ending ujion himself, lie was suie every per.scm present was delighted with what he liad heard. His Grace had fre- quently iiust m(!)i who had acc()in[)anie(l Dr. line in his expfMlitions; and from the wav in which tliev sitoke of him, he ousrht to be sue- ccssful. He wa,s always kind to his men, ancation of Central Briti.sh America; Miime.sota was organizecl in that year as a St^ite, with ample sub- sidies for a railway .system to the international boundary ; the citi- zens of St. Paul inaugurated st«ian»boat iiavigaticm on the Red River of the north ; the gold di.scovery of Frazer RiviM' was speedily followed by the creation of the colony of Briti.sh (>ohnnbia ; the English Colonial Secretary, !*»ir Bulwer Lytton, avowed the policiy of continuoiis C()l()ni(^s from Tiake Supeiior to the Pacific, and a viaduct acro.ss Biitish Ameriea as the most dinn't rout»^ from Lon- don to Pekijj or Jeddo ; and, almost coneurre itly, the world was electrified by a ujessage through the Atlantic depths, uniting Europe and Ameri(!a by telegraph. Tlien suddenly .cimo an eclipse. The Atlantic cable, throbbing feebly for twenty ilays, became utterly J 11 ng mil. that hero lence ce to le en- the >\iIegra})h — a portion of which, under Cana- dian auspices, w.as afterwards in 1871 utilized in connecting the Province > if Manitolia with th»! Kiustern Provinces and the 'rest of ntankind." (iranted that the successful laying of the Atlantic cable on the 27th Jul>', i.S(i*l, ]»ost|)oned the consunwnation of his laV)orH, but none the less be honor to the maich f)f Dr. Rae and his party acio.ss the continent IN years since. He is welcome iiow in 1 882 to oveitake his former footsteps by rail, and to mark the inniiuierable signs that tht^ world is following in his trail of 18(14. The motion was unanimously cariierl and the meeting broki* up.