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Les cartea. planches, tableeux. etc., peuvent Atre film«s k des tau» de reduction diff«rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul clich«, )l est fllm« * partir de i'angle sup«rieur geuche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'Images nAcessaire. Les diagrammea suivanta lllustrent la mdthode. ■V . i ■ 3 1 X \X 6 MICROCOISir RESOLUTION TEST CHART (ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No. ?) V / 1.0 1.25 M2A 1^ Ui MlA lift |4£ lA WUU 1.4 125 mm %^ iim^^^s 2.0 1.6 -^ /APPLIED IIVMGE In M/l[ 1653 'East Maih Street Rochester, New, York ,14609 (716) 482,- 0300 -Ph(J)ne (716) 288-59^9 - Fai USA ,^-. .\ a'.^,4. • ;f^' - :, ^fi%. \2.?^^ ■ -iS' ■' '*s .^r^''.Si f*.,^'-««< ^*ri^.%;i k^^ KS',. :,«'}« ^^1 ^y€^ (^' *• L THE CANADIAN GARDENER; ;■..■-■.,', ■'^' ■;•;;■-■..{ -COKTAINIIfO '■;/. PKACTK^L PIRECTIONS '*£■ .m. FOB THl , . t **■ '■ '* KITCHEN AND FRUIT GARDEN ; AND ALSO r r . , .^„J, A BRIEF TREATISE ON -WELD CULTHRE ; ADAVTXO TO THC CLIMATS AND SOIL ' I OF CAKADA4. ■.1 •'■ ■■,. :. •". '■ »• l i I II By ASA PARKER, GARDENER and SEEDSMAN, OF ATLMSB. ■;.,.-' iVHf " I went by his tfjirden, and saw the wild J)rier; The thorn and the thistle grow broader and higher; The clothes that hang o'er him are turning to rag8,-r Forgetting his garden he starves or he begs. " AYLMER ; Pjiwtbd »y THOMAS WATSON. 1851. *'■-' ■ '.^M '"i-ii^L^— S^pBiI!«*«T7?;,^2,=,-^-'' \., ■*< S, '«x<.?^ >" ,_>-'' .•' "'; v| ^""'/f lif-|fX??rfKA^^ y^y^Ml >: 1 > , * ■'' ■ 1 i ■ ■> ; '( « ..■f'<'.^ f«, f . ' ■s ■ . *j ti' * < • 5» •/ V J. .•; u 1 n I 1 ' . •si -i" ■ it Wj f> .#. '"'^ ;■/ % .'"/■■■«t ? • i ; • . i 1 ,:-^ «i , , . ' • ■' - V. '^ ■>"i^ vHv^bHH ■iM^ • \ • 1fe( '"' ^^^H ^■^ s , r 4^^^^H ^^^Bh||_.^ ■ * ^^^^™^^'' ^I^Hk''' , jVjr.^TT,-' '^ M» iMi Hte||||||||i||j^^y^ . • M ^^g|^ fc<^,.- \- s\ * * '. .w » , h-'t 4 J: A: • .'4- *» -^ — ^Thi: commpiler will not claim to be ^ the sole author of Hke following pages ; hit ' object is to extract, from the best author- ity, such parts of Kitchen Gardening as may be properly managed in this noiiihem latitude ; whilst at the same tinie a grei^t part of the work will cd^in hja own views on situation, soil, fenc|||^ trenching, laying out of the garden, management of the hot-bed, and the propagation and cul- tivatipn of vegetables, fruits and herbs. §t^ In presenting the 'Cbna^ian Gardener* in a cheap and condensed form, the writer will find it necessary to omit giying in- structions on such arUcles as cannot be raised successfully in Canada ; but will tonfine himself to that part of gardening, ! I •^ which tho«o ought to knoi,^ who h»Te , ' rod of land to cultivate ;4 desire to add to their own knowl^go, or i wish to or- nament a country which can boast of one Ltnr't/ **?'''''''"''•'"'' bytfciTilized ^ WIte co/npileK ikfbUbi^JilB'hSffin.r inhab ting, the val% of the Ottawa and Vicinity who haToshd^nitdispositLa^d ^xpressed. de^^, that he I„ld uS- tit..K^» "7 "" "»B Tnottagehieht of the kitcl«*ngardM,,-^„dstf^h fruits aB can be eas.iyprc^^,,ated.:}n a rfew country; t«! ^^jmmm.&mly should beS \ s''\ have a to add I to or- of one vilized •rticul- s, has tlemeti ,1 ^a and )nand indei^ ' >mplil 'sthi^ )f the an be Mary be in t&e., d its >-,. • N intended limit; the fl^rlte? will neverthe- less aflera sufficient course of experiments, offer to the public another work on fruit and ornamental trees, &c. It would indeed be absurd to attem[)t at this period, a task of the. kind, as many desirabje fniits and ornamental trees have uot yet been suffi- ciently tested, in this northern country, to warrant success. , v %i* >—- • ' .• - V: ^^■ ,'/"'■ v." •''' . • '. - X. ^^"^ r •„ ^' •.■-'>um\ m^' • '^^'r-ii r.i^ 149 nN !■ f » ' « • r'>' -. .n ^',. ^ ; i * ' * r ft i .■i^/5 •s. 1 ' ■> 'I*;- -- I't ■ t 1, r-.: 'rA'l\yt- > . 1 d JlliLT''' *'"«'' «naH. Will be divi. fed into three parts, viz :— wg out. Manure, sindy M n»;? T'S^'^y- Ch #/W ■t^ ..«■: \ ,■."-■• -Si .,4M«iMttM<.«JWiM(<.«.^ I; H m {/■ >'T's,; •oil, however, be light and sandy, I would re- commend a perfect level situation, as in this cas^, heavy spring rains would have no tendency to wash away the seeds from their beds, destroy young plants, or carry off the best of the soil. ^ It is an old adage, « out of sight out of mind! " Lest this may be the case, I would advise that the garden be not far distant from the dwelling- house, nor directly in front of it. It is recom- : mended to have water convenient, although Mr. Cobbett states that « watering with a watering^ pot is of little use, and that it is better to tnist to judicious tillage, and to the dews and rains, and that a man can raise more moisture with a hoe or spade in one day than he can pour oiit of ft watering-pot in a month. " Mr. Cobbet, as a good writer must be admired, although his views on this subject may not on all occasions of this kind be relied upon. Let his views on the subject be however as they may, I would advise eveif gardener and farmer, to stir their grounds a^ muph as possible, in dry weather, as it will add greatly to the crops. , , . , .'-■i I, .! ■ ■U-i)^} SOtti The best kind of iioil for a v^t^le garden, is a deep rich- loam rather inclining to ^nd. A strong stubborn clay should be avoi&d. These selections are intended for garden vegettt. Wee generally, yet some of the same may do best in sod of a clayey natiure^ whilst others do best m a vety sandy soil >- these will >e treatedTifpoii se|Mirwteiy asii^e proeeed. ' . '-"I ould re- ill thi^ 3ndency .destroy e soil. mind. " iae that wrelling- recom- ugh Mr. atering- to trust id rai^s, with a ir out of ?t, as a is views of this subject J eveiy inds a? v^illadd getible mug to voided. tregeta^ dobest to best ,; ; -^■■■--:r., ■■■■■■■ '.fl'j: •■-: ' .■ •■ "■ ■■ , .. PRB»ARATioif. Having recommended a situ- ation for the-kitchen garden^ the next process is- to prepare the ground— which is to be done in the following manner: Firstly, by ploughing and harrowing until the surface b« perfectly smooth and clean. Secondly, by a good coat of well-rotted manure and %double ploughing ; that is two furrows deep with a-good sized plough — this should move the ground to the depth of four- teen ot sixteen inches, which consequently will throw up a considerable quantity of the Subsoil. I would recommend that another dres$ing of compost or manure be added, and a single plough- ing after. For the purpose of making the sur- face even, the latter ploughing should be back furrowed, by commencing where the former ploughing was finished, and turfing the team on the opposite side. Should your garden be wide enough, I reco'mmend cross-ploughing j or wh»t is much better, good trenching two spades deep, that is, the length of two garden spade blades, which will at least be two feet deep. This depth is not unreasonable should your soil admit of it, but if inadmissiWe, let the trench be ,?W5 near to the measure as pcssil^. Trbnchiwg. . This is done in the following manner:/-^ Begin at one end of the piece of ground, and shovel out two feet deep and two feet wide. Ca6t the soil, dug up, on ground which you do not intend to trench ; shovel out the bottom clean, and make the sides of your trench a* near perpendicular as possible ^ thus you have f m 'J'^'K-V''?'?'* la blean open trehch, ranningall along oiie end oi your garden ground. You will, as a matter of course, observe the necessity of using a wheel oS other barrov, in conveying the soil dug out, inta« 'the last trench. Lest this might not be under-* stood, after completing y©ur first trench, you will then take another piece all along two feet wide, I and put the earth that this new piece contain*^ . into the trench, taking ofl the top of the new twof^ feet wide, and turning that top down into the bot- ;^ torn of the trehch, and then taking the remainder of the earth of the new two feet wide and pla- scmgit on the top of the earth just turned into the' bottom of the trench. Thus when you have again shovelled out the bottom, you have another clean trench two feet wide and two feet deep.— You will thus proceed till the whole of your gar- den ground be trenched, an*, then it will have been cleanly turned over to the depth of two feet. This should be done in the fall,and in con- sequence of the subsoil being on the top, it should havei a dressing of lAanure in the spring, and well mixed by digging, r »! X Clat SuBsott. Should your Subsoil be stfff - clay il» should hot be cast upon tfee surfade at once, but should be loosened Wp with the subsoil plough or spade, as per example, see trenching. Observe that the bottom or clay part should b« well broken up and not cast outi This indeed^ is liot all that should be peVformed as li^e under ground drainings must be well attended t^thes0 may be under the garden walks. FiniCily, t}i« 'X s»' i h ."■ jii ;sss: -^ T N > endol liter of ^heelor at> inta under* ou will t wide, ontaios jw two he bot4 laindeJ^ id pla-. ato the I have,; Qother> eep»— af «gar-;f have V )ftwo neon- »hould i weli^^ s stfff Ce at ibsoil hing. id be de6d>/ mder thes^ , ik9 9\ above mentioned soil is not to be prefeied ; should however clayey soil be well manured, nearly all kinds of vegetables will thrive in the same. I cannot pass this subject without reminding the Farmer, of the great benefit to be derived from the use of the subsoil plough, especially on clfty bottom land* _ ' . •Fencing. A ^K)S/ence is essentially neces- sary, although too often neglected. How often do we see garden crops destroyed for the want of proper or good fences. Shoidd the farmer not have time to perform the w6rlr necessary for a good garden, it is to be hoped, that he will not neglect making a substantial fence, so that ho may enjoy the fruits of his industry, from a gar* den which he has perhaps bat partially cultiva- ted. As to the material of the fence, I will leave it to the judgment of the owner ; but wefe I to command the means of making an ornamental fence, as a matter of course, I would mak& or plant a hedge. As few however command the means of making a brick or stone wall, I would recommend the north side to consist of boards, as on the south side of the same, grape-vines and other useful and ornamental shrubs could bo leared. "'., ' ■ ■ ; ;^.f..i; :.:.>■;/ r:- ■.■-,;.;;-7ri •^^ Laying-out. Thelayiijj-otitof agardea6dn-^ lists in the division of^ ft into several parts and .^ the allotting bf ^hose several parfs to the se- t^ral purposes for which a garden is made. — l^es^ parts consist of Waih, Fa(hSf FlaUi Bot-^ '. - ■'■■"■' ,■• ■ V \ ^mf> t 1% 12' . i ■/, ' . ; ; ■ - ■ - . ■■■■'■ Jfe«, and a m-Mthmnd: •< As to S^' art' of n^o him .;^'?'T° °' *^*'«^'<^° !'«'»«". "sup- pose him to stand in need of anv instruMirm. • ^'""e purpose, and those he has alwavs in hanrt To form^the walks and paths is in So W^oui the Garden ; » but the walks and ' paths imLhi fflade not only visible, but must be &T that IS, if the ground be wet i and for tfic s«k« nr ^?r™^^.f'''" <'°»-'l«de that a b^rdlrbe made t jVu ^ i"'^ e"<^^" from foif to eiriit feS in breadth, that is, according to its size and thi » mainder divided and formed into ^ii'es ' To give a full treatise on this alone (if ti.- ':?^,V^«'t capable, ) would req^^'a^ w*! uiue work is intended to benefit, would fimT;?' the subject willieTSd?^&g?i,l^^ Mwf.one hundred years ago ^^l^hafffiJll v«<|d wojUd arrive wten th?cSckeYof^^^; ».^tcontain a, n,ack4StSS^S*SS :.,, ' »->*^r' 13 ft**.! ^^ ^ 10 art of derstand- ^r, to sup- tructions. 5an Want in hand. lay-out ^ must be mt, that sake of ►e made feet in i the re-^ I. jid and Sessional >iue va- ai their t would e same (if the larger om this find it ' nanure >4inay 9%son r^ one fttfreoflAnd. " Whether w6. attain to such m degree of chemical knowledge or not, we should not cease trying experiments on a small scale. When the proper manures are once discovered, we should use them with caution, as an indis- creet use of them will destroy the see dor plants and thus defeat the cultivators object. -• As some cultivators, by their method of usinjg manure shew that they have very erroneous ideas as to its real object or utility, I would remind such that manure should be applied with a^ view to renovate and strengthen the natural soil, and not as a receptacle for seed. In order that ' manure may have a salutary effect, it should be thorough- ly incorporated with the earth, by the operation " bf digging or ploughing. When it is used in hills ■'Or on a given spot, it should be well pulverized and mixed with the earth, so as to form a com- post. TThese remarks apply especially to strong animial manures, the excrement of fowls, as also to soapers, tanners, and glue manufacturer's ma- )dure, rags, &c. - Lime ashes, bone*dust poudrate,. riirate, salt, sutohur, gypsum, nitrate of potash ■ and othe^-portaole manures, may be sown over the land fjrevious to harrowing or raking it, or such manures may be formed into a compost when used in hills or drills. They shoula ia every case be used with caution. 1^ can corroborate these facts, from having used strong compost as a mould for their hot-be^s, thereby, poisoning the germs of ^ ■ tli6 aeed and causing the plants to die off prema- ^ttirel)r ; Vi^nd it 18 notorious that a great ptG|)or- It. •• y i^\'-i if I •'', : M , for a terfeLt aS 'T''^'r^<> ' ■ oompost made of such „,l?f "'^ ''*^'''' '^ ^«- A "nan portion of M«i ft"' '"""^ »'°<'<' ashes, t ^ mould shovelled SpTndel,t '""'!! '<"'^«'' aid •Wgs, or on the side o "!„ ,"^^^» ""«' wund build- put into a heap and t irrn ''""" ">««« '°ee"»" wis the sorrfl, w ZVr?^ '"?« ' it not only , «h? alkali andlc^eiwch r,!'""'"" '°™'"' by «"««d tlwtiim^rafni™y t^ '"''• ,^' " »d- bol very beneficial o''a 3 'ir'"?"' """>"'«'' fflMter,os it causes a a*nLk 51' " °^ T^eetable will destroy i„ „ greatSee tS^^'^'"?' ""^ and larvae of insects wh^f h ' '"^f ^''''s of weeds lection. '*' *'"<'« may be in the col- £ 1 It is Well known »>,.»' valuable proper Je"'bv\J^""'^ T"' I<»« "s most conseqneit evamttion ^!;''* '" ">" "" and manure m.et beV2uZd o^H '"^■^'"" ">"' »he •"- «>« ««me bi^^:";^!- ;|3|«ediately «S,S^^^'«^' Ifi? and is, the diateiy »ewdns "f leglect ?giect, list is i^hich, tktma. ^afcy circnmstanoet :*- I htvo reference to ma- nures. ' \ A good hog-yard would also keep the hogs withiQ their proper limits, and save both man sand dog the trouble of the wonted punishment «o often inflicted od them, for thiir repeated en- croachments on the fruits of industry. The barn or stable yard, should be dishing, no M to retain ail the li'c^uid manurje, and unless al' ready on an imper viable soil should be paved with'clay,^ — and should be so located as to be se- tsure from wash no more than the quantity of water which must necessarily fall to the ground. A supply of litter, such as worthless vegetables, straw, brakes, turf, mud, and rich earth from the way side should be provided to absorb all juices of the yard and the gasses evolved by fermen- ation. > ' The hog-yard should be tightly enclosed and furnished with an abundant supply of material, which the occupants will convert into the best of manure, and askyou nothing for it * Lazy ai they are^they may be made to work but half tkeir living without ever mistrusting it. Thus maeh for the preservation OF manures. hiGHT Sandy Soii/:— treatment. This kind of soil should be dressed with some alluvial com- post, clay, marl, or /some -such substance as will give a body or str^^ngth to it — cow or hog d\ing with salt might be added. Clay alone would improve it— ttils/should be drawn in the^fall or winter, and spread so that the frost ma^P^ tipon / '■■i^ -:(V^v^p?ypffmmM^:imf!s^.^:' II 16 ' P»r »?^es and open the poreaof *k "" ^mme the . ^'Wfireneralfykuo^^'^^^f the clay. ''dge. in the fall. "^ ''"K'' <<"? and thrown into Hot - Bed ^THa « pensive, art cles, reauir;„ !J'' '*"' 'hey are e?, •^yond themn-re*ff^«'°'.«nd atacwt entireK «h«tVvery°one wh^'^'^'^iy erroneous.^an/;*, ho^ ftnner sliouM wi„to lh» "^epo" that ever^ ««»« ^egetabies at e^ '"^ '?^«' '°"«ne of to/. ^M may be, should at lea«tT. '"? ""cumstan- *»«! such plant- a. j:. „*' have a hot-bed to for- *»^fdei,.'^ ^^ ""'« ""y ^nt to cultiwTe in if l^'w^-f^^ 17 eady to pul ^il may be /n a moist 'y land in 'ort of BOH <>'8e dung, pnrate the y. 18 greatjy r in a low ^^ges, in own into "Don gat are ex- ofessed entirely Both ^6 hope at the • every of for- atthat Dstftn* to for- {e in 'ft:'':-:- .' ^,* * In preparing a frame and lights ibr a hot-!)ed, some previous i»«triictions on the subject will be ijece88ttry,( uulcyw it be well understood by the person who is to make the bed. ) The sash should be mad^ of good two-iuch plank, without cross bars, in which there are to be four rows of [Miiics of small glass.. The sash is to be well painted ; and in glaifeig, begin at the bottom and overlap eiwh light about one-fburtli of an inch, so that the rainwater may run off. The lengtlf of the sash is to be in proportion to the extent of the bed ; laut by no means over six feet, and no moire than four snshes toVach frame, and the lat- ter to be made of plank, which is to fit the sash. The back part of the frame to be nearly three feet high, and the front' about half the sa^me iu height. The site should be a dry place open to the sun and sheltered from the northerly and easterly winds. Previous to iiiaking the bod, manure should be prepared, which may be unfermented stable dung. The preparation is simply this :— ' Throw it into a heap, and Vhen a smart fermen- tation occurs, turn it over. In making a bed, the European system is to build above ground three or four feet high j but in this country of sharp wind and dry atmos- phere', I should deem it best to digabout eighteen inches below the surface, if the ground he not- too wet;. in this way two feet of dung, when settled, is sufficient. The former method is how- ever preferable, should you want your plants to have an early start, as it gives a chance for lining YM Sf'^fi" r\ .^rm^'i y 18 °" "lis set voi r f« ''• "PP'y 'Valor in .1. "" your l,>|,ts „« I , " mtttiiro oC „■•"**•* very strong, wa* I r " '«'"• ShonW thn^ "" ?"' "''mil Dlen/v „?• ? '""' days bofi,« ° ''^n' •>« "'Ofo ho h ° ; '''" """•« air the S^," " ""'» F" «'■ March Li'""' "■'■ ""'I nlr V r^' ' ""<' «ive , m- ^««P up the saary. ) '"'■0 wjfh a » ^'^ouJd be the aame j «^x inohec »nci; Put • move off ® ^ecLt be '^ng* and •* ^hia pe- Provided 'Nation— • ^er tho ^"fl giVG . '^c Jost fs carjy •■■%■ ^Mm w % (^ 19 'V< < i» REMARKS ON SOWING IN THE i OPEN GROUND; 4, It may horo be mentioned that tho exact depth will not alwfiys bo givcin, becauso some soils are of a heavy ttn^ moist naturo } in this kind of soil, it wiUnot answer to sow the seed so deep^ as in li^ht ground. I'ho same may also be ob- served m rolling or settling the ground after sow- ing. Itmafalso bo remarked, that when any particular distance is mentioned, it is intended fQ*a, medium garden soil. In a very rich soil, the plants may require more room, whilst in a very poor soil, thoytnay do perhaps with a little less. ' '■Wk E OP Sowing. WitK regard to the pe- riod of. sowing the Various kinds of seeds, the adage " there is a time few Everything, " must be admitted; but, however, as the seasons in this northern latitude, are so various, it is 'not in the ppwer of man to point out the particular days mt each kind of seed ought to be sown. I will* ilevertheless, make some mention, when most kinds may be sown. As a general role, no seeds' shwld ever be sown till the ground pulverizes^ and works fine, as it is indispensably necessary' J'lr aad ram, which «-*> . P™VBiit the benefit «<■ «o^«g. which P„gh".:f P^^«g the g„„„a ;^^d; theseoondpar" ■'*'""'' ''^^ tl,e cpnelusipn of -^ ■■ ■ -■ ^ ■ ■ * ^ ■ ■ • Rotation op Cpnn t^ agriculturalist is awarp't*. . '^^ ^eii-inibrmed ^^f ci dry crops, l^^^^'^T «^«^ aot apply so well to W « J T' ^"^ this rule tJl f» ;t witfithe tile former, Implement, one when e will be^ revent the benefit of id aandy^ observed, >und after attended son agri- powerful. lusipn of librmed >f crops IJect, it lid^uj- tie w^ii -4 m •iderably farthered by telassing certain vegeSi* bles, as the Brassica or Cabbage kinds, the legu- , minous or pea kinds, the bulbous or onion ]|iads>. '' and the l^ht crops or salad kinds. The following Letter is a literal copy, and ie here introduced to the notice of the Canadian Farmer, in order to shew him what benefit may be (Jerived irom a tmall piece cf ground ; and, aa^ experimental knowledge is 'our principal object,, it pii^t to be deemed a matter of some impor- tance, to publish in this small work, the practical and theoretical ideas of others ; particularly thosd emanating from so cipditab .e a sourc^^s that of the author of this letter. Th^ hope is therefore indulged that it may stimulate; Others to " go and do likewise, " as it is much to be lamented that the " root crop " is too mucn neglected in these provinces. , Hawkcisbury, Sept., IS^S. /Bear Sir, ' ■ ■ / ■• In reply to yjotir letter of the 20th. August, I beg to state, that in the year 184^, I raised on seven acres of l^nd, ^2 tons of hay, 15. bushels oats, 17^ bushels AJv^heat, 20bush^cor|i, 50 bushels potatoes, and 4 bushels onions, besidfes 400 bushels carrots, beete and turnips, mixed. ^dSke kinds of; beet wMch/I am in the habit <)f ^piltivating are the white beet, the blood beet, " and the Bassano beet; and I find that for feed- ing cattle, they lire superior to the Swedish tilr- nip % one-fourth. Milfch cows that liave l?eeix 22 « IS as B» *°ejJent fted c _ '"" ivav. th^ -■~ vested before th„T '°%">at bean, u ^ ^^.i ^d "ntler cove, -tt"^ ^orourfS^" '^"'^ »« rtftiwr ffla^ ^j- ^ien saved if T "J^' «od • ""^ « as eairerjl^'*"' ^eed for i^,""" Way, the *«ve never £eZ *°''?'>t after °» ?h "^J «nd »Wp •ny Iwrti v«yT^ -Py other m« V.^ '"® ^st ha v t *"y ofeymL-'^ "■« ^oe^t^'^""*" that Jr^m i:;^«« Plan^eS out b«^^^'' 0to PA R.T rtv MW^ propagation and cultivation (tf %iniiaiilu 'mi^ji Frmts, See Index. ■ ® APPLE TRIE. Pyrus Malm. 1^ was not my intention t« treat upon the culture of the Apple-tree> but as many are desirous of raising the apple in their gardens, I deem it not too irre\evant to make a few remarks. life No method of propagation can be injurious to fW the health or longevity of a tree which produces the plant perfect in all its parts, a fact which is" abundantly proved by time and trial. The apple is one, to the culture and improvement of which, the soil and climate of this country seem particu- larly congenial. A large variety have been pro* ■duced, rivalling those of the eastern hemisphere \ and the gardens and nurseries of Europe, send ^nually to this country for great numbers of trees of pur 'esteemed varieties, which are there classed in the first rank. For this fruit, rich, strong loamy lands are the wiost appropriate, and as the roots are more hori^ i' "A I ,'!.4r Rk** ^ i -rtU ■- .■■■ ■ • U ■ \ , the roots. Ti,";^ ^»oai of tht h*?° "ohestand . f fte-' whieh^^t istn^ "'"' the S^/'s of the '° mate as mlt ^'''''sabJe to JIT!^ shortened ^'hie;%'S^'=hea«hadhi°e tt'^.^^otssoaV • »«"ml fj'l'f ^°«ts are nerLT"''y- ^^ car7 *'ee. interna] as7|i'^ ^ork, ever/'™^/h«sj„. « ^e/1 as exferaaj, S,,^" "^ Ihe '# 'j^^vatioa and ^*^^ey would o^hertreeof ?''^e euoiigii ;\«ot Jess ' ««een to ^^oiiestaijd ^nmts of ^^e ren- the 4^^ shaded has ju- of the roduc- 26 tire of fhiit, and the internal part, in unfi^vonr- able seasons, will rather receive protection tiian injury fVomthj^ external. The moot preferable season for transplanting is the Spring, ithe win* tiers being so long and severe, that those trans- planted in the Fall ma^ be materially injured*^ at the same time, I have known many to snoceed well a^er a Fall transplanting. My reason for Atating that those transplanted in the FcJl may be materially injured is, because the root of the j^c^n'g tree being so limited in- extent, if planted in tenacious soil, is liable to, be lifted by the frost. ■,•./, ;..:,.:' , ... _. Should your trees tie laid by in the Fall & i^ing transjplantation, they are to be laid, in a manting position with' the roots well covered.— fVtiilching is a good practice, that is, place- a few bi^shels of colirse dung;^or litter about each tree a.fter it is transplanted. ASPARAGUS. X^kmaUs. Thisshould occupy tha best ground Mjltegarden. | See Article on toil and pre|^- ^ The following difections for cultivating Airpa- ragus) are from ^e second volume of the Me- moirs »lV race even - J*' ^^osen the «a,i ? ^^ej** hot^ it i" ^oXyef „T^ °«her ye^ «1"«k« 'he%/^^ ihe, - Tw^^ °^ good Vttr^ '^'^^ oneanh t J ''«««Pared for a,*^l« "»«m min^l'J'^^ toe thT ... ya'ffl«,t a^ree ,^,f r'h- " *"' "'« then hove ZllfJr^'^ «thi&*^^«M>e above "?' .Without aiav l^z^y^^ik ^''FriJwfT^Kff^"''' w York. '^•* JO the depth ^d then j,^ the bedjs -^ ^rthe town. >egu,toout, maybe ew '^^^^ lioe ii ''/ach bed ^^oj-e h'oe- *^»i2eafad ''■^fir, cut fii evenly ? hoe the ai'ethen '^e above ^^ ^ plants. Abercroirfby recommends renewing the plantation in ten or twelve years; but in this country, the season of vegetation is so short, I amo^ opinion thattho plants may remain twenty years or mor6, ere they get 'too compact. I should highly racommend that a sprinkling of salt and wood ashes, he added at the sprang dressitfg.'T'ii cutting the crop for use, ins^t your l^liife down in a slanting direction, so that you may not eat the buds which have not yet ipaada i^eif a|)pearance. - aktichokb: (CLOBli^) * .Cyfi^^aiSca/^fii^. A plant lUtle cultivated ^^^^^ \ America, ai|d in my oipmiqn unworthy of culti- vatipUf liSy reason for stating so is, that it is of so delicate a nature, particular attendance must he devoted towards its cultivation ; and perhkpa \^ with iti^all profit. • ^, «of JO nmi(fl."''eis stand thlrl^r^M" a snSfl ^« it often bi jL'j?r°''y to the li?*'''«Pie» Z/ ^f vo« to xxJ^.t^^<^ to the sS «■• * (feat/ ginned from ^e « S^'? a fe v bial-^-'i °? ^t. ■■d also fromotLll""*'' ^oxerl^^n";^. ^ ^ave ^«*?"»<>^ft«Z?^^i''''e»eVereX"»«>» ' '« a hardv J^aen vege- / ^''08*, and/ -"Pies toQ/ '.««> great/ '^itseau: >e of t^ » I h4ve Mvown . nev6^^ Aai«ed « that kind and j aa part of the above was given to the horsesy honied cattle, and hogs; in fact, all of his do-' raestio animals fed on them with apparent sati»- faetion. The tops wore cut and dried before the commencement of frosty and retained for winter fodder ; the stocli: prefered them to corn fodder. Shoul4 the latter intimation not be attended to, I Would advise that they be added to the manure heap, as I am confident they would be a valuable acquisition to the same. If their culture be ex- tensive, ( and I think the period not far distant,)'' part of tne land which they occupy, should be allotted to the hogs in the fell of the year, as they feed and improve better on this vegetable^ than on any other with which I am acquainted. The hogs should be allowed ta feed on them till the ground frSezes, and they will improve rajnidly while feeding, by the ose of salt during this pe- riod. After they have done feeding on thisroot, corn shoidd be given to them so as t^ harden their flesh. If ^ou have allowed your hogs mtore * space than they can turn up, your store hogs msLf finish the remainder in the spring. There is not the least necessity of digging at any period dn the &11> as they will stand the severest frost in' the ground/ through the winter. I am not pre- pared to state, thatthey will at any period, supj^y thte plaee of the potatoe, but there are many naiw who, relish them well, and deem them a wholes- gome and nutritious food. It is said they will amr tolerably well on poor land without maaare, not I woidd advise deep plowing and good ma- -« snnng^ tiwir moce extensive mtiu^ As l# 41 n the rows ^ ^ne drill er af ten. writers rkid. w-eeji may t dei lied: ling 311- fiy ..•w 81 MsTHOD or 80WIN0. Plant all the aorta in Vows two feet and a half apart for the smaller or very early or very lato kinds ; and three feet for the larger ; the smaller beans two inches deep^ and three inches distant in the row» SuBSEuuENT CULTURE. As the plants come 'up and advance from four toaix inches high, hoe' up some earth to the stems on both sides of each row, cutting down all weeds. Eepeat the hoe- ing, as fuiui^ weeds arise, both to keep the ground about the plants clean and to loosaci the earth to encourage their growth.-. In earttiing" up, great care must be taken that the earth docs not fall on the centre of the plant so as to bury it, ibr this '.occasions it to rot or fail. After earthing up^ stir between the^ows with a three-pronged fork. I i I < p* a<" .' h;-;- KIDNEY BEAN* PlMolua Vulgotis. Endless is the variety of sorts* Some are dwarfs, some climbers ; but the mode of cultivating and propagating is nearly the same in all, except that the dwarfs require smaller distances than the climbers, and that th0 latter are grown with poles, which the formet are not. In this fine country, ( Canada, ) the se6d is so good^ the soil and climate so favorable to the plant, the use of the vegetable so g<^neral, the propagation and cultivation so easy* and s» r '"% 88 ??''»<* much I':?"" 'hZ'^roimJ. ?, ?w» J*" eroiiud ,; „„/.'* ""'loss f^ "'""•''y ai» '",•7 '*,v«.r«.'' "<"'H for u.„^ ^ Jo„, 'Lm ' «: |* . ^9 to th^ ^ '*' not iy^uT ^'iJio ."' wV Ve™ '"WO cron it;. . ^^ «« i. '*» v,rioir^«n never ^"*'"» 'ten, Z'^/. ">« co/d fl. r, *'•'> for if . '^'^ ^IIBK '^^"^ oroh nL «»«»«* b;'V¥' "'e former'?"' »° a»ate,.»,, 83 ^r^p. or '' can be "SF^- )^: ET Bet4» There ore varieties of thii vegtUbU, tbe best of which for the toble, ore the early blood-tumip-rooted and long hlood*red. llie «oil in which it delights, , is a deep rich loamf kiud. Should A few for early use be desired, f ^onld advise sowing as early in the spring as (1i6 |[round may' admit. If for a general crop, let the sowing be delayed until May, us the roots Will be much larger and better than those from early planting, which from bein^ tVcqnently stunted m growtti by-the various changes of weather, become tough, •tri^gy, and of unhandsome shape. In case of the fhiluro of crops, or of un^vorable weather 4n May, Beet seed planted the first week in Jfune, will sometimes produce largd handsome roots, which may be nrescrved for winterttse. I recommena that the seed b^ soaked in soft hike- warm water for at least twenty-four hours j to be sown in ^ills from one to two inches deep, and fifteen inches apart, if in beds. When they establish their vegetation, they may be thinned to about eight inches apa.rt. In cdl cases the soil should be pressed down immediately after sow- . iag, partiQiUarly that of a light quWity . i ' u''iL M u »- IP ^J»oe toadm?. " «.»<'« half feif^'^l^'-ed, ita™- ^^ii'rows AnTl ^^e mamir!, * , '^ ^o Pass Ha '^ 9 c o L r j^iMBgi m 35 EJET. ;^w .:■■' ■ ■■ .^, ^ay be foj. ,^^ pass be. 'Pnt into the y^id hoard ^*«ef heeta, 5^ated ibr Sa success ivatiouj BRussEL sprouts; JBotamc name as above. This plant is of the cabbage tribe, rising from three to four feet higb, with heads issuing from the base of the leaves, like smaU cabbages, an inch or twoin^ianaeter) these are very tender and delicate when boiled after being ameliorated by frosts. In the_spring, they yield abundance of fine sprouts. Sow in May, and cultivate them li%e cabbages, project, ing them in the winter* B Q R E C O L E .^ofaiMc name OS «iow* This also is of the Kale or Cabbage tribe. Boudon says it has an open head with wrinkled or curled leavea^ and itaf a peculiar and hardy constitution 5 the crown or centre, after being duly ameliorated by fr^t, is cut and boiled ; it is extremely sweet and de*. Ucate. I would recommend them to l^e preserv- ed through the winter, in the same way a^sthe cabbage. In the spring, plant ontf the steins, which send forth delicious sprouts. Sow the reed at the same period as that of the cabbage. !.? .t -^ noh soij is ZJt^^y ^'ch and J*?^^^ about Qi ereat favorif^ ;^ v,-' ^^ ^as in ri„ ,®^on» than mi 1* '^l^i» ounce ',^«e aeed-- P^g, it 2 about 24 successful ^on,tJ,an /* is a, M early French cauliflower, wiU arrive to porfec- tioii at a l^Wr period by sowftig in the sprirfg,- ev6Eiii^,the open ground, and the treatment the d^me as that of the cabbage . I would, however, recommend that some of the seeds be sown in a hot-b6di Should any of them not arrive at their proper' growth in the Fall, they may beuprootfidwitha ball 6f fearth attached to the roots, andTrana- planted in a cellar, in which a considerable ray of light is admitted ; in this condition they will improve. - .':<:,,/ ;>^' .■.„;:' ' ' '. . :,.%--r ■ ■' ■ ^ ih% O A B B A 0^ . V StifsSUd (Hiracea Gii^cm. Vi^ictieis df thia ^lant havjB oiten b^ett introduced to oiir attentioi*^ ^^ ii^anjf ^iiiiore than aj?^ ncoessaryibr ouj p?r«? ^tj^r^e. At. this perlod,^ however, J wul mi ifltrbdtide tb your i^tioe - i^ #eater number tha;n whaitmay be profi||ble aDyfuscful to yau>. ftindtbteseytethdkrgeai^ small early jorEi Mi gr^en fev^y tobeusedinthe summei'; tife^^^ tai and drumrhead for ndttter, and th«i§d,autch Ibl pibyiug^ li^rej«re hX\m wietiefi.frfiW;^ laafeiu^ed^erygocid) but M tl^pi^O|«i^^ the pltittt is my j^rinoipal object, tmm x&^pfy M/i^^dt thek, as Wiey> aU jf^g^uMie ^ t^^ te^ of tieatfeejot^ ^bae eiRMf^ " H' I- I ft ■/ i i I I /* 38 * \ ""d heai^i"*?*. you £j}Pf : Sh^'^e fast ""entin thi^" a<''ni«ed T*?" ^^d 8j> „ ^'*'- a. ♦?^!°*J'^«yfl. B^5-'here to .f^^,^" and r.entjrxJaya. tiJ!"''— there tn ,. ^ "^rt and ^Jt. fol.^" oavfrthflT:. "«* roota vr ''®^'>« ^/*e state of tJ,. ^ ^''««»t«n? - ^«e state of *«>. — itfoiii iS%. ^ V ,• "J te*"«, «"■<' «» For savoys and red-dutch , two fe6t apart in/all di- >ections wiHsuiSlce, and for the large dr^m-hea4 three feet jaay be sufficient. One p^tioumry I wkh youto observe, ftnd this is, ^t in traj^- plantingVthe^«jrth must be caosejC to come m contact witK the pofnt or loiJiror part of the ipot^ 4hi8is'm imjtortantifhf^m, 1^ - hciplowed or dug up^ nrcvigrow in^ny kind if soil, if itbe wejkworked and abuudattllyiM^ nured wi£h well>^i«i dung, ai^ th#«ft#r iml- ture wellattended to, ^I woi^ yeciOinnjeij^ % hoe^th^mv^fW tj^ dew i| <>ii> >^^ ..iWeek/.-:---,^^''' ■■ ■•■- ■4- . ;.' -:.-'^ ■'-' ■' '■''■ '■■'.. i -■•'_,".'':;■:■', :^. ' Sh^rt^your^l^y 0at^^ ' 4o hur^ ere yoii are prepared to u$e; ^ii% ^ «aa^ lil^ ^m aai^iently^ to start or #8^ 'M' .,>> ' . . » . fkr N . - 40 growth ' ^ ^'•Wy^) and ' ' '•'0 gwiind „^*,P'anfg i "® ''"-ain /i„ ^,,, . ^-^foA^ .. m ■ * AA% ' .,•■•■■■ .-. . ■ "^ , ■ " .. •T' .' ' J-e^aTd '^/,p^ ■ severe. " ' In this sittiatiori your cabbages will, - ' ■ it is said, keep in a high slate of pre/iervation till spring } for, being kept perfe^ly m^ from wet, as well as from the aetiop of the'^suji, the frost will have little or no effect upon them. In ad- dition to the foregoing, I would recommend that a quantity ;of earth or dther matter be placed upon thesli^ or other covering, so as td make it nearly impenetrable to fVost. ,r^)(; ?^ through ^3^ to of tJiy tase to ": their At^l^l ^ at ob'e ^ be eiy I ^^ #'.' Daucus Carota. The early "Horn, or Long Orange "are the best for culinary pur{k)ses,_^ and the iUtringham and White Belgium foi field cnl* ture. The last nAmed varieties require the samj — BoiL t^eatment^ and distance as the b6et, with the%cfptlonalpne pf beingleil si;x inches apart^ inthe^nlls. ■ .,. v ivi*. ,^ • ' The j^rly-hom var^dty, will do welrBjf having jthe drilU ohe^ foot apart^hd four inches in the drill. ^Tl^y ms^ ^ t^itined to this distaticei^ apd by all m|»tts kept cleaM, ^ i* is^ w^li^ktxowil fact thai np gardeai i^egetable will succeed well in iti gr9W^/ifn«;k6pt clear of weeds. As^the carrot ii^ so valuable an article of food for ctottle widhoriesr-particularly fbr the latter, and s^ pMific withal, I eftrftestly recommend its fieW cojyte to thi Canadi^ •'5 i ■\ L 42 V ), ^Vcvmber. /. •» «hey are 7:f ' ^'''y-^'nsterTnrf ? '^^ ="""«. Whereof a li, *' °P""on the y .""^-P^'^kly. '^^f latter a" w""" ^'o* '■' » '««^ to the ^"«- To be'^ ^or culture, «8'-prick/y, J. nere are 'nze^fight- '*'*§« size. ^® paiate/ > ^est the '5^ cotoe Thosd >ie, may cucum^ ^01- the that 19 Tound, Be. 'piece thick/ ^ ■#' 43 ■)i den soil, WW .i:^pr flight seeds on '^'^^^^'^ mentioned on ^^^J°^fJ°^"j^^: As soon a. inddhdde ihem for ft few days aftey. tku plant, but the IMfopugatioj. .and onU.vat.on 1,» An same The who e ot that part ot tn» vSiJ duX whteh the frost is o,,t of the pound. Ktt Sf too long for SffS^Jf^ 'J should be started in a hot-bed, ^attd P^^ J^ intoabedmade very fine, and th.s should^be 4one with cateri^t sUuUfterwBtdsl^^^^ wntty--once will answer, and then ^ey may^b» Ihad^ for a few days. IB this bed they niaj Imrkelastof^'^fane, ornbol,tthjtpe«^^^ Md then .nay Vie tmnsplantcd •" ^»;^«*^ raaJ» the tatter about four feet apa»t, Dm WM .ye^y fine, if^'''* '" ">e iSaZ °{ '^""dasJieT "»« lonir rood , y*""- plant, o„j'* *'"' ««ke all "" «hey adv„„ ■'^.*°e them with "" *'« inoheii ■ t^"?- ^"^tLth P«"°d. iest w!^ "P' but the loavesXa^fh^""*'' '^« WooL" f'"'"^^'- «•-•«- -d^ern^-^^^^T'^^i^^P '*^^#'- -vl^ C^TRoK. ■r-4 ^°"/ the earth • I the gfonncj Wood ashes, ^.»«i «iiUi:e aij jm them of ,^°f«iithe asixinohea '«^^^ioe,aad ^^ "P, but '** smother •> hoJd up M?etiy^Qja ^^ie good ^ ?P, and ^eJiar or . ^fioiJ, to '^rtion. »resei^ V "PmnwacaroMMS. This tree being ornamental, and ita fruit delicious,— being also one of the hardy kind, I recommend it for the garden, shouW the same be large enough, so as not to mterfero with the vegetable department. It should be impres^d on the ra)in$l, tli^t ail trees Qiaght to be planted in the northerly aiMi western parts, and some distance from the part m . whioh you wish lo raise vegetables. It oflea hap- pen*, that when^i gardisn is limited in «x^J^ too many trees are introduced therein j aj»a tiMP skonld be strictly guarded against. JlL 4 As 1» its culture, it is equally easy a« thftir «F* the Apple-tree. ; « . ^^'^^ i*- A •vv ■ ^A (^•■i .'ffi'). C^E*WAYV Co^^ufi c^rw. Th» oaifavay is a bienm^^ , , ittd is oiilt^vated chiefly for its seedi^ whiofe . w uaecl in^ confeotipuary and medicjine i A }^ »»W^p from seed sown in the fall of the year,a«,flpc^,^ th^ seed is nine. |t wiU soon wWie »$! ;^?H^ ance, wheiiitis tobetbiimedto the dj^te^^^ ^e^ Ibet; eacht wy. H the sowiwt b^.^dW^T^ tffispiJiiy|feitT»fiU4Qt fl*oww.tWth»«pW«;l^- ^ i / v 49 m '»»fy vegetable ''!••*««' ""-en OTee^'''"'"""' J * After the nlL'.f''^ dwdmee th™, r" "" Sround "■planted toom.,1 '^'C*»'<' •»«iS?t9'«i% Of I'^'tL'^ «^^^ ^ m ' ^*»^ch it i^ "cquainteii. "' a« tt.ciij. ttJe oa ie, *;. '«y« of 'aian com, « ground sacli v^y^ >owi(i not 'vtad by o«t aeaC »e of a oin the '^''ec Of ^, hut »e seed C O R N . ( BuooM. ) Zea. This not being o culinary vogctaWo, itt mode of cultivUlion i. in a 6ri'»l m'-''""'« °""^^ "d in works on gurdcniHg. As ^»"«^'»»Xa" ntiso is on tlic i.dvuncc, 1 liovo oftfn been o»Kon lyZmo of the en.errri»ing "i'^'-f «"t„^X, thouRbt of its cullnrc on a lurgc scu o in Canada j nwunswer bus been, ibut nothing .» my v.ow, S hinder its cnllivution and l-'IFa''"""' ".u'* has alrcod, eomo here to l-rlecfon^ A. o tho way of raising it, I would advise He drill cm tod£s"rvo that as the Uroon. ^^-""^»<''^".- tendod with Drofit, and with a. trifling capilalr^ tostlcsTbesledb;i»gM..-ful.for domestic a»^ mals, its culture may w*",^ »"""■*;! 'f =. „. .. It is said that the seed of this I' «0»-» "^ cellent for sheep. Albert H'^f'^-fd^f^S Hadlef .tells us he makes use of the Seed ol B» teSm corn to fatten Aeep. that they "W very foud of it, and will fatten better on this t*^^ Dian co;n. Broom corn » "i»«tf g^'ij"2» titiesia the river towns, Y**«" i^!Jl^Tf S« made UP and distributed to all smarts olj^e ^nxry> Mr. Hibbard think, m br»»» «°!° Zre LlKable for sheep tbao «•«• w any pm ■ immd for peuod. ■V / y' s^ymy 48 ^ H B S S / T."!^"'©, and wi/i Tv This njanf : ^oU,{^th^' NeariH^ *«» not as yet I- r"°* *%arA ''«»«%: ,V°^'*»^1^^^ •J?^' 88.) use .nrjiiie t be^iL fa and been ^aua. cuJ. the ^1 a tode 4^ t H 1 V E S OR C IVES . 4' > '4 , J JUHum schoenoprasttm. This is a small iqplsoies of onion, and grows in tufts. It is propagated by oflBsets from the roots, and may be planted in the spring or autumn. It is frequently used as edgings for borders* ri'i C ME tVtt , CiumpHi^lun^ 1?his is an annual plant, wijh leaves re$enit)Iing double parsley ; it is used in «oups and salads. ■'■t- CUB RAN T . * - * Ribes. The cntraht iMl grow iii almost any soU, but best in that which is rich and lowny. ^er^ are many a^peoies, but the eonai^a red- dntch is the kind generally cultivated, althou]^ the white and biaok^ (ribH mgrum] ) are not idr together neglected. The latter t^ari^y |ear the laigeii benry , and its eultivation should be more a'Hended to, on account of its extraerdiimry mie^ dielnal qualities. m a ■i«**<*Ua m. ■''■ ' f • ■■ >, ^ «!U/ ^0 1^^^ \ EGG.1>L^T. ^*^:v:ijf- '!;,. ■ . E u Pi V i: . wlS?^**- *«*«• This ;« » - /■ »ouri currant, "ot of an un. o>andowinff Of blossoms, ®«tal gardeii >» <';v-./"|.. 51 ingmanSSr!? Gather up the lefevea whea jdiry, in a careftil manner, with your hands ; the form you Will gather them into may be that of a ooiie* Atpund this you may wind gently, some mattujg or soft string sufficient to keep them m th^ir pc^ sitibn, aiui 10 this form they are to reniam at leaat onefortnight, when they are fit for use. ^m o Varieties >«"l>ie, both es,perticu- deJiqious. > ahd are >j they^e Bised in a and rkh i.ICK. Allium sativum. Garlick is a hardy perennial plant with a bulbous root. The bulb is comjjosed of twelve or fifte'en subordinate bulbs, and pre- fers a light dry $oil, rich bl^tnoViecently dunged. It is promgated by planting ^he cloves or subdi- vision of the bulbs 5 set them from four t% six '! inches asiiiider, and abont tyro or three^^titjhes ^^^^Heej^jin-iriUs. ■" \ ;^' '-". 'v.^''-- aJ plant ^' Sow ® piant» len they foJJow- M^ I . i:r5j nayL , Cu(tHri^:' On thisjplanty Mr. Cobbett makes '4VfoUowing»e«nark8. *V ^J ^se that it is of. "V , . « ^ , So far is it of no use as a cuhnary , vegotaiue, I will admit with Mr. Cobbett, but th«re are ne- Tertheless, some varieties of this plant whith * «- ef» meloBs te., ian^^^. ^'^iiop from ^^ k- '■\ ^:^^^s^sB^&jBi!it: «^Si u" '^ •* neither a Ji^i^^^^flmm^ «wd, but of eoad »!;t J f ^ clay niA a^iSIZ yottr bashes S fy^^T"' '^i^^^t • 'afe.. >". .% Bheila "sago will,, ^^ 4eep 'lutivatioQ 8oth iincb andpein* ^Sticks. . .. -■• 53 ■" ••"■■■"" ■ V' '"■■'' '^'^ [' ^" ^ ■ iSr. 1^tli the koe dig well, aifiong^ the^oou, he*- mg car6f\i1 not to break thepi, but yet to keep^ the eart)^, ^loo^ and moist. As often as ozioe a- we^kj fro^ ihe time tl^ IHitrsets until ripe, wa-^ ter with liquid manure upon the soil and use the jfqp ^iroctly after it. Jn pruf^n^ Jtet it l?e l^rne ,, 'k|6 'ih4 t>iii)|i^ w|(h. Weak lime, Wt^r^ , /.; a ioostt position Plant Wi .into- let the ^Irom .V. , -,'4 , ■. ■ -.",f»pi Y-' ,«*, ^y cutting bits of the roote into leiitt;hl of a1tK>ut two inobes, and putt]ii| Ihem spring, or £iU into the ground iirMjUta foot ^clee^ with a setting- s^ok y tHey will fifd the|r Wf %p the fir^t'vearr a. r I ! • 1 V. .;* -^/TiV-t-'W-' ' !j t :)^* • *» ^ ^.->, . '.: \ • * M I 4 .^, ii/. *HOp. in every part of our ooii!^.,!. V""^® ""'^e'* used yere I „o\ to treaU iS ,L\ • '"'«'" »« nnjast! %eJ.op thrives besi fn a deL^Vl* '° '** """'Ww f 'yWtom, which reanir«,?ii'*"T/*"<^ a . « lulls, three or fourZ^nt P'""'' '<■ Pl«nte4 The fi„t year 8majTpo"« onfv °f-,f^"y '» • hUl. and these most bTpCS ,^'r*''" ^ necessary, /' ^ E E K r»i, 1 ■ . — - plants to three inches aMrt1^*u' ^^ ^^ *« Jhegwmid clean tfll fbon^Vh-^JS''^"^' Keep tken take the pfante m^ ^„\ f,*^ **»y "f J«ly j «oh long«.d M ?£k toM of tiT^ "«■ *»•»' / '^P ifi not 4i ^Hea» used ^. be unjust, 'Boil, on a ^ is attaoh- If plante4 rinahiU. necessary, * position jr creep. mum »e"#Sa- iii Wlh thin the f ^ttly J •ff toan e«, but b a ho« 55 .at two feet apart, plant the leeks in these drills with a settingHrtiek^ feW^ning, them well in the ground and leaving the drill open. As theplft^its gf^, put to theif sides the earth that came oUt of the drill 5 after that draw mdfe up tbthem i6h each side from the iiitervaf, ahd if your ground he really good, each leek will haASoatlainM a sttfdct^t aize ibr use. !-*\^- \'*- t' «^, liETTUCE; •t Zactula sativa. AU kinds of lettuce will htje arriyed at greater perfection by being tranaplw^ e4 in gojdground.^ T)fe tennisbaU and otheit 8inaill^n. ■ t , ..'i'. ♦■ -.-y |S EX aK , Cucumiimeio, f lilnak Melo^. ) . iE^»0 are fnany varieties of the melon highly eatecflM^ iA Burope which do not succeed in thia ©?f« if om mBhpa aiiJ "ivatioa of « ^anteloupe a early Jn ■fi^?g* then ach #ay. fe t^h?e If ^g, Wlf aa ^ thin.. Inearth mthe have «n^e plant and promote the perfection of the fhiit early; after which ^ keep the ground par- li^tly free from weeds by frequent hoeing* » WATER-MlELON. CwmrbitacUrullus^, In order to have water- melons in perfection, yoii must fix upon a piece Cjf very rich, light soil. Prepare, plant, aw^ ma- nage in every resi)ect as directed for the Musk- melon, only let the^Us be jieven or eight feet distant eve!^ way. Qiie ounce of such seed will plaat^from forty to fift^ills.., _ v . I recommend, that fien melons be sown m the open groUnd, , the period may. be when the ground is warm, or about the planting corn s^- json. Should hot-bed culture be prefered. the ti^^mciiitm&y be the same as that 6f the cuopm* ■^M V MUSTARD. ' • - . . , ,,,,(■, Siht^. . The MIm or White Mustard grows spontaneously in the fieWsof England 5 it is also cultivated as a small salad as well as for seed. The seed yields from every one hundred pounds^ iSrom thi|ty-threeto thirty-jsix pounds of oil, which Is iweet and mild. - . 88 . oood of this species Aul " irT'^d ^om "he and mnn.,faciSrcd in F^''^.?? ''.''"' Article mised .tot?K"':"y' "O'"*' wri,?'""!:" "»><"> used la •tote that a spurions nr ~^' '""!' "'Cobbett, &« . "y.'^'i 'ni^rted he,^'^ ""f" 'he «amo ^ '•nothing eJso but n conT,^.":- ^'''nchester. « It ff*ne co- nt taste. vil\ find vedit, perfec- end to vation. r earjy rt and d, sow to six > .1 c M A R T 1 N r A . This is an annual plant and may be ranked at a vegetable. As the young tender pods make a good pickle, and as it is besides highly ornamen- tal, it often gets a place in tke flower garden. NASTURTIUM or STUI^TION. • Trapacolum. This is an annual plant,abeAU- tiful flower and worthy of cuHivating even as a vegetable. It is used for salads and garnishing, and the green pods for pickling. Sow earlv and not very, thick J it should have bushy sticks to climb upon. * O K R A . Hebiscu&hescidmtus. This plun^ being Sk lia* tiveofu more southern latitude than thai ioi an^pax;t of Canada, its sure culture here may be doubtful; 1 shall not therefore recommend il to the attention of the Canadian gardenet . Any person how^veriwho may^je inelined to try itaculture, and* should succeed in thf sam«> ^WF 99' , tap j»« scurcoly bo Uistiiigiiisliod from thn Im... / ONION the^edTn^^M Of the several kinda of onion. „«n»!.. '"'' ^°"°y '''•° "'« most profitable as a general crop; and of all the varietier / noU.n otuon excepted.) these will keen best tV«,lh tW mrinter. The New Englandlvhhe i, » m fe pTeasant onion, bat not gCrffilpi" "'°11f th«^ vanetie, propagated by^^ed re'Z't'i^-.a^'e' -. «,iT'l»h°'''"uTi" ^"'^ •'^*' '« a nioiat and loam v ly sanay, it well rolled after sowing. pfevioVi. ~me of the oldest anf stSL^fc^ean" win wmi^Vh "T'^*""*!*". if the seaZ will permit. _ The seeds may be sown moderat«lil I^d^ '",''" ''•C™'" halfaninohtoonSdel' nud twelve inches apart. '•^^aaeep, ho^'^'Thlfl^".''.?''! "P """""S they should bo aoea. . Those beds that are to stand for ripening, •1 fit .houUl bo thinnca out while yo>»'8. 'f ' ° *^f t„„co of iwo o'l'''«^'"';'r T;.!lor W^^ a few slioiiUl bo required lor u»o allor '"^ "»»~ ca . bo mkci which moro incl.no t^^*?*^^'" ,ool.,ttna if the bc^" P'"?'* « 64 ■ ( I' » ' ' -9 * ■ " •■ kn^l;^? *"*■***• These should be sown." if for owari Jcinds, the drills may be three feet n™.,* ^ose p«w of a medium growth m^ w'S .^ill, four feet apart; ajid for the Wst S %e distance may be about five feet TkL f * .ort, they may be sown one t0.j,n inch. * - defelvMeh^'r":??^-. '^'"' ~il should be mo. matter IS the best mamirSF The soil r^ V the ffoqnd is motat, by mixinir sand^ff .?* earth of the drijto. ■ """"K saw with the As Oe plants encrease in erowthenHh tk.^ n^and keep theadear oImZ^Z if J^" ^ture, they must have sticks fcknSh? ;|«r^to them; « that they majcliit'SiX ''■''■ . " t -A- p >wn, iffor clear of the loy(^ eet apnrti lave their est kii)d0 ^he space >Ilows :-^ f for the r the last ^^^ 3 be mo- nger for reduced y loam getable ^ early .wher0 th fho y them gfarden ipright upth« 66 (. p o T A T Salanum Tuberosum. Thin vegetable is so well known to the Canadian farmer and |(ard«ner, Ihnt to treat here at any length on the subject of tis etrtture wouM in my view oj^pear rathef super- ihion^j but, however^aal have been fts succcss- fW in raising as early a crop ef potatoes. as any fteraon with wkom I am acquainted m the valley of the Ottawa, T feel a pleasure in recommendiijt ^ity' garden mode of culture,^ which is simple aM perhapir no way nbvel to you. ^ ^ ^ i^. Z^ I plant in hills, because I conmdei'tj^ tfte seeds therein derive more benefit from the sun s heat, than if planted in drills. Prepare the sets with two good eyeain each set, and this should be done about two days before planting. Prepare the ground by manuring; ploughing and harrow- ing. Markout your Hills by dmwing a chain Ihree feet distant each way, ( that is croes-wrse.V Drop only |wo sets, in each hill; this, limi^ number of sets may appear rather strange, bilt the folk)Wing are my reasons for doing vo. "^^ T«ie ie#er the number of set^iir each the|retttei WiH. be the quantity of nutriment to each set, and ^nSeqticntiY the quicker and larger #iH b^ the v^tatfoft, but this is £br early itse. For li |e- aerW crop-, I would reeommend a greateraiiitt^^i- of sets to each hiTU ShonldyourgW^n*^ w^^^ e6l4 nature, I recomn|pnd that a smAll q.iiaitlay of manure be put in each hill; ' * V A good mode of AisiDc- .„i.i„ » . . •iwput the tubers in XmT/ P?'*'°«» " to may be placed ia layeTZhtlT ''""..'-.-T'''?^ ffi^i^jT^Wi. »-k 5=5?.5^-;?%5^^« A ■ 4k ...:) ssa?"^ L^ # ittftll qwwiti^ of stable manure - -Ui tWi Will nSbrd them semi- ittte, wi4 fre^ from the attaoke of mwhiohinfeieirioh garden soila. "enoir acftislet rtiort-tQp is the moet ♦' » , ^ ittdoki^ ■J HJlSPBEREY. jfltt^Mf. These reqnire the eheltef afforded by ^hailge or fenAe to protect them from tho too mMktmy9 of tlie sun. The soil shonki be a ™,^ndy loamrJt»erftctly friable andweUma- toti£>sThey should bo planted in double rows twelve iiahes asander, and running from eait to weatLasin^tKat case eaCh row will aeryeuia mmm to •iaUettl^einfteai.thtf^^^ i ■■ .-:! .<■[!'■ .1 i.: • .1 V v^V-: I n Br% B i E 6.. tie wtiole alidlesef €• t^moiVi^^ cultovHc ^ tion, particularly ill eaw4a,wh&elhoapplfM-, 't '^ fiot as yet bean J^itoaiy teW^wal*^^ v •'^'^^ It stands tl^ha^est frost; if plant^^ ^ V 4* (•"• ^ « I. -Y^ eriinei,t^that the soil «„,Ai^i'^^ ^<^nr.ttse,a ~N nMon ihd by raised when inary wpU fl vi tlie first week in September in drills one foot apart, and when the plants are well un thin them tosix inches J they will be fine and strong J)y . the time the winter sets in, and as soon si^that odnies, cover them over well with straw, of with leaves of trees which are better, and keep them on till the breakinir itp of the iVost. Sow more when the fVost iiolit of the groirad, and thi» wHl be in perfection in tho month of Jane follpwin*. This is one of the choicest greenS that can m laised here or perhaps anywhere else. / ,S H A L litJT V^ X t j#^- ^^ 4ilivm ascttlonicum. The tme Shallot isji na* live of Palestine, and is considered to possesi the modt agreeable flavor of any of the AUiunii genttSt r It ia consequently highly deserving of cultiva- tion. It is pr9pBgated by planting bulbs^or^- aeis in the fiill, which nuiy bejet out with a dlD"* bleiitt rows twelve inches npai|| and from four 19 winchesdislant in the rowsi or they may be placed in drills two or three inches #ep and co* j^eiod up with tt trowel or hoe. ' r r^' . #% jA*' m \ '^.j' oonnaet, the melon anf^l^^-^''? ''"kv^ich •K^aiMMm/uu, .._ . •■"»*.' ''4* •wen g*w to i Mused in my or-foui feet apiTTbttfr^i! PlW^Sthree •f^me Will r^ tt'rh'SL^S^"**'''"'"*'^ , JP 'gres •dult hav cult had plai cas tnti me i upc dc| ing tur of' yei 4 in be< pli ••.'i -li "l-pfF. WT* « : 78 Fmgiria. The varielict oC thii fVuit Ml »/ great, that I wM^ftot here eiramerate them._. Many people hav0 »>^co'n« J»»^^"/"ff,^ J53S <5ultivalitlg the strawberry, because thetr i»y have proved barren notwithstanding good m^m had become toO 6^ or else they had taken tlumr . plants fVom some old degenerated 'tc^k. In eiilM^ case, a cruiy^of fine frtut need not ^ ^jw^^^^^^^^^ n\jL mustbiiikcted fromymirtg fruHftil pta^- tfOiSns, well roo«L rurnieif of Hhe present sum- mer's growth.- ". , _ y^, ^immA * As fine « crop asj^ave^eyer seen #as «n«d . upoQ soi/o^ly moHlbely nob, ploughed to the depa#ot^nly a few mc^iat th^ ''T1„ltt ing, and no manure applp ^^» '^*^Tk1 fo^ tu?; admirably, and ^^f^^^ /^^^^^ was not wet. The soil consrtted ofa mmuf^ ■of day and gravel. 'I ,^^. Strawberries should bo planted m rows ftD«« ^wa and a half inches apart, and the m0p n^ ■iml^n should be hoed and kept clear ^^wdj m\ht rifcners to be taken orf, »«;»l^^*J¥j^ y«ar$ then they may tie-allowed ^to m ^P,^*^* ipace between, and the og «>^» ^^Sf^'i^'^ ^^^ ^f the above method b6 complied wit^ttP tmnsplanting will be necessary in lenflwn^^ . bed». Where ne w plantations are require^ the last of Augi»t is a good period, as^ ^^^£^ ™ planti time enough to become well rooted mttoe ffronndere the commencettient of winw>«l*n<^ gi^ei bhaaee for a^firuit crop the enstnlng seagen. -^ I TOMATd. (LOTl AFPtl.) ^Jlf*^ Xycop*^j»c«i». This plant is annual, i«4 lot t»e sake of early fruit, it should be start- m Jnahot-hcdand afterwards planted ok/— about i^rfacta]xirt* Jlhif will grow in rather poor soil, in which 7^y may bo transplanted near each other, civinir Ionian opan place to the sun. ToJ^av^ the fruit ripen early, the latter siting tipa^WfU he OBsentiaJly. necessary, as it will }m t9,»hp'tea the topi of the plants at the same lime. - ' ^.i\.v ^ r J - * ■ T U KKIB ^j;^;^r(wa. This being a wholesome and Wiul jilanl, both for man and beast, and hichly Reserving of cultivation, I sholl endeovor to »ti^ nmate those, of our Canadian yeomanry who liateliit^iertp neglected the culture of this field "*^^H ** o««f" J garden production^ to exertion antf diligsnce, by inserting one or two extracta from one 6i t#oanthors as well as a remark on the anljedt, from myself. "^ran early crop, the n^ntli of May is afii- VowWetijiie for sowing tul^nip seed.aifd by tha h^cMT andof Jnly they will be sufficienily laifa wiithc»fc^lifeB,und continne in good canditioii tir &4^iiiiU«[abla length of timei.^' J ^Wdgtlie many enemies that the tnrahi ha«^ lowvunteii ihe tUrnip<-fly seema to be the m anncmf» )e start- —about whioh , giving r sitna- will be e aan^e K»7, 10 aficl highly to sti>. f' who 4 fieia Kerlion itnictm irk 9n( It a &• )y th« rlarga / f5 ^ immwliately after the '?^"^'^^Engli.l pitbli- «tlionor much «'T^''^r^'"^,i„^»,tttiMHlP arrest the ravages of the tnrmp ny . n „_by me«ns of a len»i'''*»J^*Z'JXMi»h »«W««- -aSi'S' the ,"r«ev.o„. to ^wing 'jd tHe «w,ntfi from the seeds thus prcpa|f«<» wgp °^iS^ ?^t"dbythefly. The .»me method K^ adopted Wh, the eabb»8«j««a^;«;»ih "»••?!, tjjejun which gives "r^gth ana on ''?"T"^e:^re7le:-theVantfi'«t»PP««''''rS cloudy *'»?;'' "3"f the same asiomet b Mtagh oontinnestill Iheh^fofit -««» ih« ravage* of «rX;^^rt^» Wthe^BI«X^ nor Mtc w«w« «---'- Aatbklswadish^ m beat fof • h*^;?*?! a '■. ■ '■' ;■ /' < 76 the folIowiDg mdje, whicl^ I have followed wHh ntl?''^ T''^*. '^^®P in >eadijjess good strong ' S;?i i""' ^^\^^'^y part of the monith o$ July, o? •l^Li* r ®'''*I?* ""^ ^T ipotatoes are dug^and ^ Jlwed from the ground. AH the vacant places i^^y^'w/eariy potatoes had oqpupied arc Aowto lie mied by your turnip plant«, ami this .process you may cdntui^ie for one month. I have this •WSon nftsed from my enrjy pftatogi^md a cbb- Jiderable quau|ity of Swedish turhilie of a medi- l^«lr [u'fr ^^^' ^y satisfaction relative iiiereto,that I once more recommend it as a sac- , ^isful mode of culture. ' Field cnUuife the same as that of thi Beet, fbr ^hiQhste MangtU WmxelL ^ ••«#■ V. 4^6 B AC CO? tr.2^-^v ?w -i*?!*Jy pl^iit,aUhe in^olf only to a few remark* on Its proimgatiottai^ cultivation. M it k a pltfnL ^^hennia^i^factured and imported to this colony phiced under a duty to no ibmall inkouat, which n,ecv»8sarily raises it in prixi», rthouldobosequeiit* ly recommend its ctilture in Cana^: iTS also well kuciwn" tlwt U h^g been and oaiibv huied Uk^ f Should any P«"°» ^J^f ^3^ feS^^ tobacco plant to any extent, I shQUWr^ ^^ the propriety of engaging »n»«1^^ Canadas. let.fo, - , k «f 4'°°'T''f^«c«rya°o°rand imnnfacturer. of tho plant m vno ^ j,,, Pao?xoAT.o«.Jow early 'Btn W « J^,y yegetation w rather »l°J'; J"^ „, itber inflam- mable tuhbrtK^Khioh you wiu^o^^^^^^^ :ssrSti:iS^«:::d:Uuin., ( haltoennv, ) they may to W^J^g^'covered JtoalTbB done on » <''°"''»-^?; reauUe awntl^- ^^hTK^bKwSr exc,p.i.a that ■l^ ^^•-^' ' i;, » - ^ ^■i" '■ '" .' '% '■ ..■-". A ".-<: jp* ...' ; Jv ; ■.. Kj^v / ■"l! . - - « . - ■ - - • '. «.; , «. ■ :;#,:. IHKH|fe|" V^HH| k i 1 V. ■■ , * 78 the^flower bi^s are to be pinched offas they bake tHeif appearance, -and the same is to be done not only on the top of the plant, but at the foot of •every le^f. >^hen the leaf becomes ripe, it |»pveg to be so by its spotted appearance. ' J^l J» Er( Grape. ) ^,- ^^»inif^ Having given some . rsonal attention tb this friitt for severah years past, I am slatisfied that it can be'raised in m-eat perfection and with little trouble to the cultiva- tor, It he s6ts out right in the first instance, and follows up my syi^m with care and attention. As this fruit should hot be confined to the irar- dens of gentlemen alone, but to.^very man's gar. den if possible, I therdfor^ recommend that it may be planted on tJie southern side of your wall ofbi»ilding,opentothe sun., Any kind of deep wi Ipn a dry bottom, Well rilahured and trenche/ Will »/e». answer. Jn^ selecting your vines for planting, make clioice of the earliest kindr, not k^iif- ^f ^yeaw old, and in a healthy state. ^Uld you not be ^le to procure these, cuttinga wfll answer, as they often bring^forth . fVmt & S'll"*^^®^^®^'"?^* '^ two years. If the cut- ttfigS bb of one eye each> they shoirid be frdm the hMt^Mr's growth, andas^^ rftfioch long, shoold b<^ left ttttaDh«d to the bud i^nd ^stteiidifig h^ an mok on «^ aid^ ^ ii.^ " Shj may ' groiir a see bette dais If "be.lB leve shoii then A diffc ticu too as I : -■ ' 1 tha ad^ faV mc thj na V€ fr< ■a A I \ V y tnakd one not foot of ripe, it I- \ • somo 1 great ultiva- e, and tion. e gar- . *sgar- that it irwail f deep ; ichea, les for 8i not state. irit m s cnt- m the ranch ^ i bud^ •ii TO may be ptot*^ m the r desl.nea »P , ^^^^ .^. . groimd be not prepared, ^l^^y.^^^V.ngs'wiU strifee a wed bed for one y/"- * lUa »V8 of the mid-, better if partly shaded ttf»M »y» « « . daVsnn. i- .„„n,urfives. they should if thocuttiagsareof sovomlcyes^^tn y to. laid on the ground, f»°P;"|' '^'Xe ! they- ,e5el with or ."JjlV. J?»S'wet4 tbi, vJiU Wt should be Keiit'hwnst but not wei w them. .. _ , A«W;««»in(r the vine in it* , As tlio system^of (jnUivatmg tn differentstages of growth. s8o«xt^^ taking up ticular.that tof<^U«.^t^he e.v«>^^^ as possible. .C^L««.;rirtnqof the "W^a^^^'* f-n thisobuntry, tWtran«.tionsot^ «,^^^ ^^ that ^ from heat t» cold, a^^^^^^^ i„ the advisable to lay the vwes °n ;'« g ^.^^ „ • fall of the year, '^."'^ ""J^'Zadbeout offew mafiure,^ the """P^J^^tS Ull the termi- , lbs process,) and to. lay w . ■ ^^. . . ^natiinof the severe flfosU. g^^o^^^ by b4»- ven. because the vines are o"«° *»"°^ < . UAfttip . f«^n. during the /.Mafo" °f ^^^f P>^%^ «me may be applied to oth«t«e^ j^^^ *• »*,,*l!!.Slt?uSd*ce*wWh the spa.«» Ih? nUnU may ocoupif »"«« 1 '."V ' "V- . / ^ '>\'» to \ lEXPLiSf ATION ^ OF THE ANNUALS, BIENNIALS AND PERENNIALS. . It niay be necessary to explain as we^o along, that th^re are three principal descriptive natner r^ven to plants, namely, Annuals, Biennials and Perennials. The annuals, being of one season's . duration, are raised every year from seeds, The ^biennials are raised from seed one year, continue till the second, then perfect their iieed and soon after die. Some of these should also be raised every year/rom seed, but. wheh once raised, tboj Mrill oontinue on the same rootsjnany years. Treatment OF SMALL ^BEM. In the third part, containing medicinal and otH^r plants, the depths and distances tosbw the seed and raistv the plants are not mentioned, as mbsV of them «re propagated by parting the roots, and will ge- nerally \^ raised in small patches. Therd are, however, several kinds that I wbttld recommend tol»e#ownin dHUs about six or eight inches apart, a«d those are the Sweet Basil, DiU, Sweet Majjoram, Rue, 3a^on, Sage, Savory arid Thyme Atto the ^epth, from pne-fourth to oniliiioh will toffiee; this will be regulated according to ^the •i«e of the seed. Any seeds that lie iiear the eurfaee will vegetate quicker and letter, by lay- ing over them some straw, or a worn-out rug or mat, nntil they appear. ♦ ■ Pa tion i Herb •our C Al fectii they ving th08< seas of e » hav her sep the dei by hon r^«> e « ^,^,4 by the P'eM;v«tion of *«^Sy dried, to wt cMrtoWifwhen they a'eP^'?*,^^ pi^^e ; tat. - *^*^.teto SKthe leave. i»«)ona.'th^ tic pl«nt»)>is to picK on vu j^j^gl^ *«Uiveas , ana lo puivc^^^ — ii*^^««*,i y f>l UPPflFl^ ■'■'*Wi^ii' r RAtTTS , ■ , ' ■ * ■ ^ . . P AE1? IM. CtJLTIVATED FOR MEDICINAL OTEU^R PURPCk^ r J^«MJ^|^« pJant w a hardy perennml y it is Jreiidilj imi|[a|p.d by parting the rooti. A uUqng infilwoBof tjjtt^^rbuog shoots drank as tea for some time, has proved of service to nervous and hnipohoadriaohttl patients of a lax and dbUUita- ^d l^biti It is iilso good in feve^ laitf «7 Stf^Mi. ) « Is a very sweet ahnoalpot- *. A very little of it is sufficient for a gaicfcn. Illis prdjMi^ted by seed or from offiets. JtoiMt; -kCferrfcn. ) This plant is perennial, and propagated by seed; is a good medicinal Jierb, and often used in salad, s. / Chiamomih*' ** This pfant is perennial and pro- pagated by parting the roots arid also by seed. It is a stimulant arid tonic — lisefril in febrile at- tacks, debility, and in all cases same a^ Mayweed. Om^. Thift. is perennial and muciliiginoiiih valuftWe m coughs and conaiimptivfi com^nta. May be propagated by parting the ro^^ .^ Is an annual plant a^ mgoo^ 'iZ soujps and salads. The seed is also inw#iui a me^ 4^iQe. A small patch, ivftbably two square yaub, will be enough. Propagated by seed. | Caimp. Thisplantis perennial and propaga ted by seed and parting the rooU. VtinabMfof Infection. In fevers it promotea perspiration Withdot <||^nf the beat of the body. ; '€■ ma s ppt- I* \ • 88 • by seed. The »e?«t,.„d alto occasionally ra vSng a flavor to p.cklej, and aUo^occa ^^^,,^^^ ^ups and sauces. .It »»'*' "*'" p^raUoas. ' ^ ^ ^^^ ^ , „,t *^'^' ?^lhS»ed Itisstimnlantand quently propagated ''J ?f^; , " y. also in arth- fonio, --^.seftU m coughs Mj^wlds, a ^^ Wiatio affaotoBS and m pulmonary "'"^ ' Say hS preP«'«d with honey and molaswJS. ^ irZl This is a perennial and propagated by^^X dT'^^M roots. Iti.recon.mend- .Xl^:^m.S:s«rr=rpf^- "'t^^^:^'''™.,lantispropaga^^ ,^4 1^ Winter Manoram^ *'Zf This isa genu, of Pl-:!^:^"!^ twMty-fow specie.. Thow cn»U«^ »« «»'- . /• t* ife* tl^^ 4 2» ■ y. ".'% \ ' »4 «« dfens are peppermint, spearmint, pennyroyal. AH th6 species are raised by the same method, vias : — by parting the roots, by offsets and by cutting Young stalks. Peppermint is a pleasant stimu- lant, promotes perspiration, and may be adminis- tered in all cases of colds, pain in the stomach J^and bowels, flatulency, headache, nausea, dec. Spearmint is Vk ionio ind stimulant, and is em- ployed to stop yuq»itting and allay nausea. It is an excellent carminative, induces perspiration, . warms and invigorates the system and quiets pain in the stomach and bowels. Pennyrmfol is an agreeable stimularff and if convenient should al- ways be used in gfVing an emetic. It promotes perspiration ai^d i&cilitates the operation of lobe- lia. |t is also a valuable carminative, and may be used in all slight attacks of disease. Poppy. ( Opium,) This plant is annual from which opium is extracted ; its use is so well known that it would be superfluous here to mention any- thing further about it. , ^iue. This plant is perennial and succeeds bes t by being propa^ted from seed. It is efficacious in destroying worms and for strengthening the ^itomaoh. ^ s Saffron, This is annual, consequently propft- gited lr» wTwanT propagated hy cutting^ j>' *",J'be too tedious Hioin*! P"?*-?:?^ The m0.t effectual of al^ to mentionthero ^o'e- V". ,a disease, m *° l^eUeve, its appUoation^fo'^^j .^ ^_^jj^ b, • ''''l^'^"- 'f."„^Sto w°und. with sucoe* wort,it» often appuea j^,^ ^^^^ Tfcy^. There «« "'?^ , they •>»? ^ P'"" pagated'ftom "eed. ^wn e J . Wormnwrf- * P*5:tine the roots. U » »«>« • .4 ^ »» FlN IS .ifl k .!.| * w ^# -.'■^l, ■- '"i.Jj.N> *i--- *»^ / ■■\ - i,|.^» \ V ^ \ ■ ¥. H:* . . 4 ■; '*,;^f 'i" i Apple A»iMtra Attioh ac Baan, Benn, Bettt, Beet, Brocc Brusfl Borec Caoli Cabl) Carr Cttci Oele dP'W^ ,i' \ 1 M D E X ■'¥ PAOft. AppleTree, - f ao. /«rfiMie»i ^» Betn, JHdn^jy - »» BrocoU, - " ,; BruMfels SprottUr ^^ Borecole, - Caoliflowof* Cabbage, - . CJarrot, . - Cucumber, - . Celery, - Cairaway, -» Cornt Indi(m Corn, Broom >^^ CoSeet Canadian •p- Chivesor Gives,,- *» CbervU, - - ^:^ Egg-plant, • Endive, - . Garlick . - Gourd, Gooseberry, Horse-radish Hop, - - Iioek - . " Lettuce . - Melon, Uv^ Melon, Wq^t Mustard, - Maninia, - Naslurtiuitif Okra, - Onion, Onion, (jTrer) Onion, Potato, Parsley, - Pepper, Parsnip, . - Peas, - . - Potato, ^ Plum Tree, PearTrfee, > Pumpkin, - PAii* ft. 51 , ^^» ii W ti^ - m - %ki\ . 60 - ai - ib. . 63 - t^' U U - 6& . 66 . 67 . 6S r JltJ H* ■•|; U '11' ,' .. ■' s it. i 69 •Quince, Kadisbi Raipbcrry, - Rhubarb, ^ I* "^^ t6. Sea-kale, '0,^'?- •', ;70 i^pinach, /'rs; * it > ^. Shallot, \ <(• ■i'/k i.">; Salsify, IVf. opuTir 73 Squash, • • 4b. Strawberry,* - 73 Tohiato, Love-^ppit ^74 Turnipe, . », > i^. Tobacco, : * *. 76 MEDICIJIit 4m) OTllUE PLANJS. fv «**.■.. j^t; Balm, fv f 82 Basil, twe^ •4b, Burnet, Garden ^^^ifb» Chamomile, - lift; ComfVey, i • Catnip, ,*>!> Celendin*, - W''i^ Dill, ■ •,\-i- ^; , • F^erfew, - ■^;v||Hoarhound,. Hyssop, Uouse-leek, -> , "VCcoundIvy, er ■''''< y^*' Sweet Mirjomiiii 88 Marigold, - . - ib. Mint, - - - ib: Poppy, ( Opium ) 84 Rue, - ;/' - * f^. Saffron, - v ^, 8«8*f - *• -* •*• Savory, - - 85 Scnrvy-grnss, - i6; Southernwood, * 11. .Thyme, - - ift» / VV"ormwo©d> • r, <^* #1 1 ^ . .1 .' ; • .a \ X— ii . ♦ ■ .N. >■,,■,-«:* 1 r f ■:■ ■ / r-t'vv ■ *^ - ./- - ' - 1' ':'■ 1 •-• t ' ^ . # i . T ■ ■ ■