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SERUM THERAPY IN CANADA IN 1861, 
 
 By Sir James Grant, K.C.M.G., F.R.C.P., Lond. 
 
 The subject of Serum Therapy, through which Dr. FYeichnan, 
 of Berlin, (lermany, has visited this continent, is now world wide, 
 and so closely identified with a life saving influence, that I have 
 pleasure in submitting to this Association, the following history 
 of its orif^in : — 
 
 Nineteen years have elapsed since the formation of "The 
 Canadian Association for the Prevention of Tuberculosis," and 
 the marked progress during that periot', in staying the growth of 
 Tuberculosis is truly most encouraging, and the evolution, in 
 this department of Science, is of the most undoubted character. 
 Within the past half century, Virchow, Pasteur, Koch, Lister, 
 Wright, and Flexiner revolutionized the don)ain oV Bacteriology, 
 and their discoveries marked beyond doubt their well defined 
 scientific advancement. In 1801, as physician to General Protest- 
 ant Hospital, Ottawa, assisted the late Dr. Hamnet Hill in a 
 surgical operation, and contracted blood poisoning, while at that 
 time in a poor state of health. After several weeks of serious 
 illness, my entire system underwent a complete change for the 
 bf.tter, to perfect recovery, and for the past fifty years of stren- 
 uous dv.ty in a noble profession, have not been a single day off 
 work. Why such a remarkable change; for the better should 
 have taken place was a difficult problem. 1 concluded that an 
 outside poison had imllified the influence of an inside poison 
 in my system, which stimulated research along these lines. 
 I then introduced into the system of patients with skin disease, 
 the S(n"um of ordinary vaccine, with th(» most practical and 
 convincing results, and on the 20th Febrdary, 1803, over 50 
 years ago, published the entire facts. Medical Times and Gazette, 
 London, England, drawing att(Mition to a chief point, that such 
 data prove nothing unfavorable to the claims of vaccination 
 as a protective agent against small-po.x, they prove only that 
 which each day's experience tends to corroborate, "That nian 
 has still much to learn." 
 
Since that date the whole Sficnco of Bacteriology has been 
 developed, and recognition of Serum Therapy as an undoubted 
 potent factor in the cure of disease. 
 
 (Re-printed from The Canada Lancet, March, 1891, page 221) 
 
 INOCULATIVE 
 TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS. 
 
 The Koch treatment still continues to be a matter of interest 
 and speculation among the members of the medical profession 
 throughout the world. The enthusiastic assurances of success, 
 made rather upon a knowledge of the discoverer of the remedy 
 than upon the results of its use, have, in a measure, abated, and 
 all are waiting for tabulated results to pronounce the success or 
 failure of the remedy. It would at present be \mwise to hazard 
 an opinion upon the matter, but the report of relapses in some of 
 the cases of lupus are somewhat discouraging, and in the cases of 
 pulmonary tuberculosis, the time elapsed has not yet been suffi- 
 cient to state anything definite. It may reasonably be infej-rcd 
 that inasmuch as the remedy is an extract of the tubercle bacillus, 
 its injection in large and repeated doses woukl, in certain cases, 
 induce acute miliary tuberculosis. It has been asserted that in 
 the event of failure of the treatment the idea of ti-eatiug diseases 
 by inoculation of the products of bacteria is a valuable suggestion 
 to the practical therapeutist. But this is in no sense a new idea, 
 for in the London Medical Times and Gazette of March 14, 18G3, 
 Sir James A. Grant, of Ottawa, showed the possibility of vaccina- 
 tion proving curative in many forms of contagious affections, and 
 his communication of that date forms a very interesting item in 
 the light of the discoveries of Dr. Koch. 
 
 Credit has been given by Dr. Radcliffe Crocker, of University 
 College Hospital, London, to the paper on this subject of 1863, 
 in his work on Skin Diseases. 
 
{He-printed from the Montreal Medical Journal, January, 1891, 
 page 556) . 
 
 In those days when euro by injoctiojis or inoculations is attrac- 
 ting such widcsproad attontion, it may bo of interoot to note that 
 so far back as 1803, Dr. Jamos (Irant. of Ottawa, (now Sir James 
 Grant), applied ordinary vaccination for the cure of skin disease, 
 and with evidence of success. His paper on the subject may be 
 found in the Medical Times and dazette, London, for the year above 
 mentioned. In some of the cases various remedies had been ad- 
 ministered as alterative with apparently little benefit, but after 
 vaccination the disease disappeared in a comparatively short time. 
 In other cases no remedy other than vaccination was tried and 
 healing followed. From all the conclusion is drawn that the vac- 
 cination acted as an alterative on the nutrition. Apparently this 
 is just what Koch's lymph does, though it would seem that it is 
 peculiar in selecting the tissues that are the ^"te of the specific 
 disease. 
 
 I humbly apologize for calling the attention of the Associa- 
 tion to this important subject, after half a century of almost 
 slumbering science, but my chief desire is to guard the position 
 of Canada, as to priority in this great problem, on the success of 
 which rests, the relief of suffering humanity, in a great variety of 
 diseases, not the least Tuberculosis. 
 
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