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'(M^

AN ADDRESS

TO TBI

PEOPLE OF NOVA SCOTIA.

IXTRODCCTOKT.

F«l<U)Tr Countrymen, —

Having for some time putt taken »c aotlTe
part in tht, administration of the public afikiri
nfNoTa Scotia, having for the last fifteen yeari
baan intimately assooiated with those who,
with the exception of the short period which
elapMd 'oetween the years 1857 and 1860,
administered the Goveidment of this ProTince,
I need ^ I trust, oflFer further apology for
this pur ,0 addresi. The Hon. Joseph Howe,
PlWTincial Secretary of Nova Scot:*, and lea-
der of Uie present Government, having been
Ignored by Her Mdj^-s'jr with an Imperial ap-
pnlntraent, which will necessarily make larga
deinands upcn his time, proposes shortly to
»»tire from the administration he has so ably
aod so wisely conducted. My oolleagaes hold-
ing Mots in the Assembly being more or lees
Mlgaged in visiting their constituencies and
organising where election contests are likely
to occur, I have felt that there was a duty
oring to the friends and supporters of the Qo-
'^ntment which, rathsr than it should remain
pltogether unfulfilled, I ought, however impcr-
fcotly, to endeavour to discharge.

Perhaps I cannot more fitly introdaoe what
I propose to submit, than by taking a retro-
spective glance of the past, and briefly review-
v^ the public occurrences of those fifteen
ysars, during which period I have been iati-
mfttely cotversant with public affairs.

AS MATTEKS 8T00D IH 1848.

When I entered upon public life in 1848,
H««>. Mr. Howe, Ho» Herbert Huntington,
.^. J ames B. Uniacke, and Hon. Mr. Young,
KMmt Chief Justice, were the leading minds
0ving direction and tone to,— and controlling
tts public affairs, of Nova Uootia. The great
soateet of 1847, had just transpired, in which
tka Liberal party had been triamphantly sns-
ti^o«l bjr the oountry at a genera) ele^iim.-
u aHoose of fifty-one members, twenty-aine

Oa««*.iKL^--i »«j i^-_V T ----- -~— •»»''' r"^ " w«i Miigned M nod ridiooled tat m

«mfBinent, and twenty two in favov. On tiiK and nioluuu^ «« BMpowibto Ilamb^ *

the 22nd day of Janoary, 1818, the new Rom
met. and on th« 2<kh a vote of want of oooi-
dence passed by a msjority of sir. Oath*
.^Sth day of the same month, Hon. Mr. Uoiacke,
as Attorney General of the new administration,
laid upon the table of the House the two cel»-
brated desnatches of JSarl Grey, dated rcspeo-
tively the 2ud and 81et March, 1847, oono^
ing to Nova Scotia Hesponsible Governmant ia
all Its entirety— but which despatches Mr.
Johnston had most disingennously oaused t»
bewrthheld for nearly twelve months, ant
donng and until, and after the termination of
a general election. From that hour up to
the present time, with the exception of the
bnef period between the years 1857 and 1860w
the member for Annapolis has continued to
conduct the opposition vu the Legislaturt at
Nova Sootia.

V ^ ?"l Bocoessivo general elections sIbm
held, he has been uniformly beaten. Ws aro
now on the eve of a fifth general election. maA
again the Hon. Mr. Johnston has »aken Um
field at the haad of the opposition, with a view.
If possible, of tjiming the flanks of the admin-
istration.

uspoRsiBUi oovKunmn iNmoDuow.

I shall now briefly revert to some of tte
more unporUnt subieets which have oocnnied
pnbho attention and been disposed ofby'Le-
gMtaUve action, during this interesting period
of oar country's 1 jtory. When Lord Grvr
conceded the principles of Responsible OoTenn
ment, to ose hisowa ezpreesive language, be bat
• dMlked oat a system of administration,"—
dedarmg at the same time and in the saata
despatch, that " small and poor oommnaitiea
most be content to have their work cheanlr
and somewhat rooghly dtme. "

It was not nntil after a fierce straggle tirvn
with the principles foUy oonoeded, that »-
sponsible Government vras practi^Uy intn>-
?.?«*^^»t<' »o'» Sootia. With sneers ai2
" w«i Mtigaed ai and ridiculed fof a

At OT«ry turn, wntohlnR »nd waiting for nj
ftdTaottge that miKht olTtir, with siQ inaidiout-
BMN and an uotiriug determination peouliar to
bimaelf, Mr. Johnston inch by inch, itep by
■tep, contested the field— never yielding any
thing gracefully, neter retiring, except for
breath, to rene/r the attack with redoubled
flerceneos. The firut parliamentary conflict I
was engdged in aroiio out of the attempt on the
part of ibeoppoBition to defeat the enactment of
• / epartmental Bill. By way of anticipation.
Lord Falkland had recently appointed the pre-
sent Crown Land CommiMioner to the office of
Provincial Trcaiurf r, vacant by the diBmin^al
of the previouB incumbent — and by and with
the advice of Mr. Johnston, it was attempted
to make it virtually, an office of Ufa tenure,
notwithstanding Enrl RuMerbfamov.iideepatoh
«fOotob«r 16th, 1839.

UITBODUCTION OF THB DKPABTMKfTAI. BT8TMI.

In order to initiate the new system it became
necessary to abolish the office of Provincial
Treasarer, define and separate the duties, and
instead create a Financial Secretary's office for
the examination and audit of accounts, and a
Receiver General's office to receive and pay
oat all public money. To accomplish this,
occupied well nigh two years of persevering
efifort upon the part of the Administration. In
the House of Aeeembly, in the Legislative
Council, no means were left untried to defeat
the policy of the Government, and so get back
to the old irresponsible eyetem under which,
fogyism flouriehed, and the voice of the people
M expressed through their representativea was
but as the wai'ing of the nignt winds or the
ripple of waves op some lonely sea beach. The
Departmental Bill passed both Hou'iea in 1848,
»nd was forthwith forwarded to the Colonial
office for Her Majesty's assent. The summer
of that vear was consumed in correspond- m
and expianatiops which ended in the Colt .%\
Secretary eventually deciding, that if the Le-
gislature should, by an address to the Crown,
signify p. wish that the Act should receive the

foundations of the snperefructare whloh
80 much prize at the present hoar.

ITS ErrEOTB.

Had the eftortsof Howe and Huntington, of
Uniacke and Young, then failed— had Mr.
Johnston Bucoeeded in crushing out the nas-
cent principle of Executive responsibility It.
the germ, of what consequence would it b«
whether this party or that had a msjority in
the new House about to be eleoltd T Let this
never be forgotten. Men of riper yeare ^^-
member it— they never can forget how ar-
dently, how unwearingly. Low faithfully, their
representatives then stood rp and battled for
their rights, for their just inlluence in mould-
ing the institutions of the country. In thence-
forward making and unmaking administra-
tions. It is well that their sons, the young
men of the present time, should hear It re-
peated—should lay it up in their hearts till
ere long the pen of the historian records it in-
delibly in our country's annals.

SETTLEUKKT OF TUB CIVIL LOT.

One of the great struggles which, for fifteen
long years, agitated and tormented Nov*
Scotia, was that which arose out of the origi-
nal reservation of the Crown revenues, and
their commutation, for the present Civil Liat
From 1834 to 1849 this was a vexed question.
Long, and wearisome, and angry, were th«
discussions it produced, but the introduction
of Responsible Government, and the sledge-
hammer arguments and efforts of HantingtOQ
a' id bis colleagues, soon put an ond to their
existence. Referring, lately, to the Joumaia
of the Assembly for 1848, Appendix No. 80, 1
was rather surprised to find a Minute of the
Executive Council of that day, dated lat of
April, 1847, signed, among others, by Mr.
Johnston, in which, alluding to the salary of
the then Lieutenant Governor, Sir John
Harvey, after giving other reasons for
its allowance, it is said: "In addition to
which, it is obvious that Earl Grey deeme

S5,T Confirmation, he would submit it ac- £3,600 (stg.) as the more appropmteamounj
'jT ,_ A_ .jj_^.- ».. ™««o,i in «h. rfor the Governor's salary), and it u not

oordingly. An address was moved in the
Honae at the next session and may be found at
page 211. of the Journals of the House for
1849. There, too, stands recorded side by side
an amendment, moved by Mr. Johnston, de-
signed to defeat the measure and crush out
the new principla, but whioh was lost by a
majority of seven. Of the twenty-one who
TOted with him on that celebrated occasion,
there was returned at the last General Eleo-,
tion but one single man. Six of those,
who sustained the B>11, were membera of
the Assembly just dissolved. I am a little

Srticular in reproducing the records of that
y, because the men of that time were thue
digging d«ep and laying wmin mm uSm u>v

(for the Governor's salary), and it ie not
more than His Esoellency's experience, and
that of his predecessor!", indicate as neceisary
to meet the expenses of the high station." And
yet 80 lately as the 'Jind of March, 1862,
fiftitn yean sxtbsequently, when our popnla-
tion has increased fully cue-third, and our
revenues more than doubled — in 1862, Mr.
Johnston and his political friends, with a Tiew
to clap-trap popularity, undertook to redaoe
the salary of the Lieutenant-Governor to
£2,500, sterling. (See the Journals of 1862,
page 61.) What a comment is here upon eon-
sistency ! In 1847 Mr. Johnston and bis
Mends were in o^ce-i» 1862 thqp wate in

/ \

A>'

ntPOBTART UWB BVOTH to B1 RlfilonD.

Panilog to other autjroti, permit lue to re-
mind you, geutlemen, that th« aot to tender
the Ju<lKeM of the Supreme Court indepeDdent
of the Crown, »nd to provide for th' 'r removal
in certain caseH — an aot rrgulatin^ the ap-
pointment of HherifiGi, thus ri'modilliug, im-
prrviug, and Mttliog our instiiutiona on a
firm baeia, were paas«d shortly alter the date
of the advent of th« old Liberal progreaaivs
party to power.

REBULTI.

Cribbed, cabined and confined aa tb« popu-
lar branch of the Legialature had heretofore
been under a regime adapted only to the etate
of an infant community — a regime that swath-
ed the intellect of the country in its con-
trao'^fd cereu;enta, waged fieroe conflict wi'h
•very aobler attribute of our nature, that at-
tracted no popular notice to the poaaetaor
nnleaa " to tne manor born." now that it was
diacovered that " tlie well underatood wiaheaof
the people, aa expressed through a majority of
their repreaentatives," was heuorforth to dic-
tate, au influential position in the Araembly
began to count for something. But just in
the aame proportion it concentrated upon the
beads of prominent leading men, the oppo-
aition, and animadversion of those whose pre-
Jadioea it encountered, whose positions it un-
ii«tlkd,aud whose power it undermiued. Hence
the antagonism of the leadera ot the Oppo-
■iUon of that and the present day, to the men
whom the m»jority of the people delight to
bonor. Hence his unrelenting oppotition to
their services, and all who sustain their policy
ap to the present hour.

va. JOHNSTON'S UISTAKES.

Onoa at least, perhapa twice, in hia history,
Mr. Johnston might have honorably retired
from the arena of political atrife. His vindic-
tive temper probably outran hia judgment, and
for himaelf, the iiore the pity. No great mea-
•ore has ever found ita way upon our Statute
bodi, no pablic improvements or provin-
cial work, from the days I refer to, up to the
p'/eaent hour, have been suggested, enacted or
matnred by his political opponents, that have
sot received his fiercest opposition. To-day he
standa almost alone, as the repreaentative sur-
vivor of these scenea — the embodiment of the
narrow, unexpannive policy which was then
overthrown, and the ghost of which, I suspect,
will never be exactly laid, while he has personal
•nd denominational friends to any extent,
whom he oan rally, or upon whom he can rely.

OCR rUBUO WORKS.
When those great publio works which, by
Rod bye are destined to be, not merely an in-
dex of the foresight of the ablest minds among
08—1 mean our rfcilways— when ere long they

■><»*>y *Ugfc SSf^^ t!S^U^io!££ in= Rill— — wa^jjiKAy A# »l^gfc.

Trstmenta of pnblio money ever disharaed, aa
well for the prtunotion of peaoeAil, agricultural
and ineroantiie pursuits, aa for military and de-
fensive purpoaee,— when theee were projeeted
and advocated by a portion of the aame ebilt
of men who had e;ourod for us and all poate-
rity, Cuualiiutiuna! Gf>v«rDmeDt, there was he
at the head of bis forlorn Lope, reaisting, pro-
tracting, misrepresenting, and aa far aa in hia
power lay, defeating and counteracting their
•florta. But the great reststleae tide of pub-
lic opinion rolled on, nevertheleaa, the old
landmarka were waahed out, and the oppoai-
tion phalanx began to be thin and ahattered.
Men of mark, who, aide by side, had fought
hia tirat oaoipaigna and felt that there waa Re
longer reason nor room for further resiatanoe,
refused to again to enlist in such hopeleaa,
fruitleaa atrugglea. Their country had better
use for their talents, and cheerfully placing
themselves at her disposal, one after another
their services have been accepted.

POUOT Z2TIB8KD.

When Mr. Johnston found that his antiqua-
ted notions and foasil ideaa of governing a
young, rising Province like Nova Sbotia, were
no longer viewed with favor by any olase, he
then performed one of (he most extraordi-
nary political somersets ever witnessed. He
commenced to strike out an opposite ex-
treme. From being the advocate of a despo-
tic, irresponsible pc jy, at one wild leap, all
of a sudden, he rushed into rampant repub-
licanism. He now became the advocate of elec-
tive Legislatife Councils, and with his own
hands laid the foundation of the universal suf-
frage franohial. This act, as may be seeq,
originated in the report of & committee of the
House of Assembly, dated 8rd April, 1862, of
which Mr. Johntton tooM chairman. Mr.
Doyle's aot, based upon payment of rates, had
not given satisfaction, and a commlttfee, at the
head of which stands the name of the member
for Annapolis, referring to Doyle's Bill, re-
ported as follows : •• They recommend in lielu
of that franchise, that the House should sub-
stituto a franchise based on universal sufragt,
qualified by residence." See Journals of As-
sembly, 1852, App. No. 87,— and in the satae
year he brought forward his Elective Legisle-
tive Council Bill, which was defeate<l. This
Bill was kept prominently before the House
and country up to the 6tb day of March, 186fl,
when a division, takf upon the subject, was
had, and will be ff d recorded, page 84 of
the Journals for that year In 1867 he ob-
tained office with a large majority iu both
Houses, when he ouald easily have carried it,
had he ever been liincere. It was finally aban-
doned in 1858, sent out to the country for
"an airing," with the Prohibition Liquor

iH^

bMk— And tb« cry for tn ElMtlre L«itiat»-
ti?« Cotjooil hMi never sioM been renewed
ia No*a }Vwti». Whtt • aMrver tor « pablio
nwD to eibibit I

TUB ouAiioi or aovnxumn in 1857, amd
Till OAuaa.

Tb the epeeoh from the thpous f.!r the year
185(1, the preeent Chief Juttic« beini^ le«<i«r
of the QuTernment, s oUuie wm inserted, pro-
miiing " K meMore for the improvement of
general education. " A 1)111 b»»vd upon tax-
ation for oomninn aohools was introduop<l ae-
oordinirtjr, obtaine-l a aeoond reading, and the
prinoip e ofaaaesanient adopted, by a majori-
ty of 28—87 for the Uill, 9 only aRainst. Mr.
Jehntton, Or. Tapper, and their political aap-

rortera Toled for it. See Journals IS^iO, pace
V2. And here dates the origin ofthedifB-
oalty which terminated early in the session of
1867 by a hostile Tote which overthrew the
Qovernment, defeated all edooational lei^iala-
tion up to the present hour, and drew the
line of party division very nearly, where it haa
ever since remcined.

The Roman Catholic members in the IIou<!e,
Md the denomination as a body throughout
the country, raised an ohjaction t« the mea-
sure, and reruied to sustain it, unless the Gov-
ernment would consent to engraft upon it, a
clause entitl'mg them to "Sepiirate Schools."
Without the aid of the members of that body,
and others who represented oonstiturnciea
which they could influence, the Qoverument,
otherwise numerically the stroniiest that Nova
Sootia bad ever posieased, could not carry this
measure. It had, therefore, to be abandoned
for the session. DiflBoultios broke out upon
the line of Railway works w>ioh required to
be dealt with firmly aud vigorously, and an
antagonism having arisen between the present
leader of the Qoverument, and a section of per-
sons of this denomination, with the leading men
of whom he had been associated for a quarter of
century, eventually ended in an open rnptore.
llie enemy ever alert to improve such an oc-
oasion to divide and weaken a party that bad
become all powerful in the country and in the
Legislature, industriously fanned the flames
of rising discord. Not that Mr. Johnston hated
the Boraao Catholics less, nor loved Mr. Howe
more, but with the eye of a keen and prao-
tised politjoi&n, he saw that the time bad now
arrived, wbioh. If i-ightly improved, might re-
store him to power aud possibly, nay probably
secure him the priie at which he had been
aiming for the last quarter of a eentory. Ha
had himself originated the only religions war
ery ever raised withiu the Province. lie had
for twenty years previously beon denonnoing
the Catholics as a dangerous class of people,
and they had aa sealou^ly denounced him aa
the enemy of their religion. Never m^n
bad more effeotually uefied and alienat-

«<l a elass of rhriatiant than ht had— oonM
ha now— how oooll hs, at >op to receive tbcio
to his eonSJenoe, beckon them to bi«
coanoils, ami afffot t« farget the ptit, whw
every body knows he never forgets an injary,
nor forgives an affront? Howoould he trample
under fuot all the profe««ion!« of bis pist life,
and anoept ofBoe at the hands, and as the gifl
of a olasa of persons in his heart of hearts,
he neither loved, honored, nor reapected—

Eeraous with whose teachers and leaders b«
ad been at open hostility for the whole period
of his political life T Dn^ he could, and aa th«
sequel proves he did. The priso glittered u
he gas^d upon it. The ermine wis attraotivt.
The temptation w.is irresistible. At the ooa-
mencement of the Session of 1807, Mr. John-
ston was prepared to make the saorifloe Ik
was great, he did not underetitimate the cost,
but yet the prospect. It was the temptation
to which m 'No Nams " M^gdilen yieldeu
under the manipulation of ('aptain E.-agga
when she cnnaente<l to marry Noel Vanxtune,
only with an unhappier ivqiiel. ilefo. Jied
his Government early in 1857, and a mort
subservient pliant majority than he had ak
command, to do his bidding, never did homage
to leader or master. Looknly*H tmgle horn in
*• Ivanhoe *' summoned his rutainers not more
certainly to his aid than di<l Mr J ihnston'i
whistle call his majority ever tc his back during
these three years. It wan a sad day for Nova
Rootia, when this unnatural alliance took plaoeu
Extremes met. Nine members elecicd to ros*
tain the existing ad ministry*! jn walked across
the floors of the House, and were now U^
friends of the new Ouvemment.

THK KirrBCT VPOH THB TBKABUBT.

The public worki, as a matter of course, the
unlinished Railways, and the management of
them, fell into new bands, and were subjected
to their control. Mr. Form 'in, the Chief En-
gineer, was obnoxious to bis supriors, and
must make way for a more pliant, less scru-
pulous officer. Such an one was speedily
found in the person of a Mr. Laurie, of whom
and of whose quali&oations the world had
never before heard, and of whom, so soon ae
he had served the turn required, it knows a«
little. His salary of $6000 a year— more
than that of any two of the puisne J udgea of
the Supreme Courts nearly equal to the pay of
the Attorney General, the Receiver General,
and the Financial Secretary added together—
was ominous of the way the public money wae
to be spent, now thai after ten long years the
old Opposition leader had vaulted into bis new
place. It is a painftil recital, but it must be
repeated nevertheless. In round numbers, the
entire amount of contracts let for constructing
(lUf d'imilee of Railway, wmX418,029 9s. 4d.
?or this the parties who contracted to do the
work ^ere bound to oomplet* it, and the Gov-

•rniMnt h4<l nmfh Ki>earity to oomp«l Ihcm.
But it irt K.mrcfljr onlihli", ami y««e it In tfu«,
that DO lets an iini<iunt tiitra £121,021 I'Js 0<l.
•dJition*!, in »hr«pe of extrM, w«a |,»M, be-
fore th«« woiku were t<(k«n off the contr»o-
lo«' hHiiiU ! It in uhqaI, in htsvj wurkt of
thia kiuil, in (;i»kiug eatiai,-.t«>a, to 1««t« «
nargia uf ten p'r cent, to cover all extraa,
but b*re wa* an «>X()i'i'S of nearlj thirty
Mr will. ! Of thia larj^e iurn for ntr«s.
but £!O.HHl 18^ 1M. w»ro pai.l hofore ih«
Governiiifut nhniaed honda. au<l thd enor-
uiouaaum ,.f £101»,1«7 8s. 3J. wm pai.l out
daring Mr J..liii>.tim'» abort H-JuiiMiatration—
p»i(l out of i.V Riilway fund to rupaaious con-
tr*e*orM, many t»f whom, like Liurie, c*me,
, nobody kriKw whonce. »ud have g.iue, no»Knly
knows wjjtre I k/»vfl never and, uor do I
now Bay, tlmt no ptri of thia iinmenae auiu of
mom-y w»h li^jhifully due; but I h ive aaid in
my plttcH iu Ihw L»'j;i-)»ture, and I repent it
b." >•, nolid l.v known it tn-tier than I do— I am
f»nr!ir. wiiU ibo proofd— ih^y are undt-r luy
!>and— r rt;/-M,t it — iho f«otH are ah 1 now
y.vt) ihem. 'Vh u .-ro ild luve Jm^iu a fur and
mop^r *i||owiMi,o to Iii4>e iii».Jn the oontriiotora
1 .-m aot prepai^d jo .,iy ; but tbia I da aay
t j'ore the jt-op'e of No-a South, and [ ahitll
e7*T pout'ud for it, f-.e ain «uut allowtd was
-xorbitrtU' ouTHgtou , u,)d t.-.tirely indefensi-
ble. ! alHioniJ K3 uiu'h upon the huat-
loga ai the Jatt eleotiiu at Truro. I pub-
liahed it in the orewnce "f Willi*m Henry and
John J. .MirBh- ., both uietubera of the Ad-
njini«tra(ion that hid made such havoo with
our Provincial funds, and neither nf them
ventured a d 'nial I rrpe-ited it a few days
ago in my place in the Legislative Council, in
the presence ^,( the late Ueo^iver G -neral, the
Hon. StH'. y BrowD, who paid over this vast
»um. I <;U tract. riled it then, as I do now. I
held under my hind the proofs, as I hold them
now. I threw down the gua^e, and no man has
hitherto dared in mv presence to accept it. It
has given mortal i ff .uo-^ to my political oppo-
nents, as the people of Novahojiia are aware.
—But why? Not beoiuse the statement was
unsubstantiatf d, but simply because it was /rue;
and the books iu the Railway (JIKie contain
the written records showing when, where,
how, by whom and to whom all the money
was paid. In the Journals of the Assembly
for 18G1, Aj)p^ndix Gl, tabulated details of
what I now refer to are all elaborated, a o.>py
of which I fuljain prepared, not by me, nor
under my direction, bat at a tiras when I
was confined to my bed, uncoupcious of what
was going on in or out of the Legislature, in
coiiseq-ience of iijiries received upon the
Railway in the discharge of my dutits iu the
winter of that year.

Before passing away from the subject of the
^ztrss, £ i?iSae oiis further obscrviitiun. ilow

oomea it (a paii that if I had made an or tub-
atanti«trd titatemnnt on the huatinga at Tioro,
why ia it that that :»atement haa from that
hour up to the preaent, ao tronhl«iJ, irritated,
annoyed and worn- d Mr. Johnston and Dr.
Tiif<per. A buHltn;;* oration n«fer In-ioie e»-
cite<l no much afienlion. What noininaiiou
•"p-eoh in the whole higfory of thia country
waaeverpreviuuily conadered of sulfidt'nl im-
portanoe to deserve the uninterrup'eil atteutl'm
of the prena for three lonji yearM— to beoriti:!*-
ed, denounced and ountroverted in I'arliament
at every auooessive aeaaion during the eiist
enoe of au entire A<ierably I VVliy or whercfor
all this anaiety to counteract IheelJectofa
.<*tat«>ment if it were unfounded and indefenaibleT
Gentlemen, eli-otors of Nov* 8jotia. Iik>< the
blood on Bluelward'B key, neither Mr. John-
ston nor l)r. Tupper can wijaj the slain away.
It is aimply b.causB the stateiuents I have
mad.* on this subjot are true, that they oom-
man I so much attention and I am h.>norcd
with so much and such undeserved notice on
their p.»rt Tbey are //ue— the books and
vouchers in the Railway oliicH prove ihit they
are Irtu. M ssrs. J>>hn«to» and Tupper know
they are trut, and a vast majority of ih i pub-
lic believe them to be true.

A m.StPPHOPKlATION Of RAILWAY rOND».

But the above, I regret to say, was not all,
nor the wur«t part of Kiilway mismanage-
ment, by a great deal. For although having
Hccess to the boo';s, papers, and vouchera
in the Railway OlLje, I had asjertained ths
8'ato of matters there, I did n)t iheu know
what I have since ahcertained, and now
voujh under my own signature as de-
rived from the botks kept in the R.oeiver
General's offlje, attd other puhlio documents,
that a further sum of over £100,000, iotereat
inoludv^^d, was abslracteii from the Riilway
fund by the finanoial nffijcrs, Hon. Mr. Stay-
ley Brown and J. J. Marshall, E^q , and ap-
plie<I to dijfiay the current expeuses of the
GDvernmeut during those three years they
hell offioa. In 1857, their expenditures hav-
ing exceeded their revenue, they improperly
took out of the Ra Iway fund £1,733 Hs., to
make ends meet. In 18i)8 they repeated the
o|)eration, only growing bolder, they ventured
to take out and misappropri tte the further
sun^ of £16.89-1 lOs. 6d. In 18o0, their last
year, going backwards, as they were doing, at
a fearful ratio as will be seen, growmg fa-
miliar with such peculation, they actually
miaappropriated of Railway money, obtained
by salts of Deheniuresaud otherwise, the enor-
mous ^um of £713.310 7s. 21, iu all amounting
ti£'jl},y3S Hi. 7d. ! (For proof see thespteoh
of Hon. .Mr. Anderson, delivere*! m the L-uisla-
tive Council, page 73 of the Debates of 1861.)
But not a word or syllable of all this was al-
lowed io escape iiie iips of a siugie member of

th« A'lmlnUtrfttioa. Mr. Johnaton, Attom«jr
Uctt«ritl, u l««<ier ; M. I. Wilkini, fur « por-
tion of th« lim* , ntul Mr. Hrnry for the re-
Bkioder, ii)lioitur Ueoerklt; Dr. Tupp^r, I'ro-
floolftl l^eoreUrj; Hukjlnj Urown, Keotiiver
UeDcfttl; John J. .Mkrahtll, Fin«aci«l Hvore-
Urjr i John Camphi'll, Cb»r!«s C*inpl«l!. %d>\
John MuKiuDon, tuetu^^crsof tbeQuverutueut,
»)De, or nil of tboui were tb« depoHiton of
thit jrand state teoret, and it hm well Icept.
Uut It tmnRpircd at last. The vi|;ilaut, noru-
tiniiinx eyta of tbo prraent UeoaiYer Oenentl
•oou after he touk (flitse, diHOovend the fraud
andixposed it. In prewocjof ibo liou. Htajify
3rowu, ii. hie place in l'4r!iatnvnt, it wae by Mr
Andermai ohariji'd upuu him and tbo l>ite Ujv-
•rniueut. Nudefeuoe wasiitteuiptitd: they wero
dumb. Tboy couM neither dcfeud nur deny
it. l5o iate aa the present 8<.*SBiou, in tuy
place in I'ltrliament, I ngitin oharged it upon
the lluu. Mr. liiowa, latu Uooeiver Ucu' ral,
but he essayed no reply, tlefence, or exptan«'
tion. Nutbiug, I fearlcsjily alFirin, in alt the
past history ot this country in to be cu'iipared
to this bigh-baudcd, unauthorized, conoeali'd.
misappropriatiuu of such a vast amount of
tba public money of the country.

TUB PICTOU BAILWAY.

As a political party, these very indiriduals
an 1 their friends — the men who did this un-
hallowed deed — are noi" canvassiog tbo Cuunty
of fictou, modestly ask. ig the sullrages ot ibo
electors, to enable theui > g'tin to got control of
the tinauoes of the Province— again to manipu-
late its revenues— again to take such unwar-
ranted lil'erties with tbo public funds. Yes,
the funds that should have been dislursod in
extending our lines of railway— money, had it
been well and wisely expended, suflijieut to
have constructed nearly one-half tbe bransh
to Pictou, is now irrecoverably gone, and they
who spent it — have theircindidateB in the fitld
at Pictou and elsewhere, asking to be honored
with y uur coufi lence. Every nun of their party
in the Assembly, leader and follower, Ja^i. Mc-
Donald iilune excepted — and he looked well ni;^h
frightened out of bis life as he sat among the
Oovemuient supporters, for the first time in
his public career — voted agiinst tbo bill to
construct the tirst seolion of eleven miles of
the Brunch L'ne ! A Uuiilway to Pictou, as
the condition of political support, is in the
mouth of every man you meet from that fiae
flouribbiug county, and yet, strange to say,
the pirty wlio unlawfully spent the money set
apart to build it, who have uniformly op-
posed it, who now oppose it with all the
monfy, influence and meins they can bring to
bear, oppose it as a party, oppjse it all but
unanimously, have the consuience and the
modesty, at this time of day, to ask the elec-
tors of Pictou to vote against the very CAudi-

datcs upon whoss the Government rely f.>r aid J

to ena'ile them to eoinpl«t« the andertaklnf

now h'tp/iil^ commmctil.

TUM UUKBAU FN OPPOfirnON AND MR. JOBr-
STON IN »(iWU.

The liberal pronrfs^ive party hal lung dla-
oharged the funotlont devolving up in them in
power as a Uovernrnent. Th?ir p xition wai
now revi»r»ed. Thoy wore honore I to conduct
the npponitio i, a niuoh Ions oii**rou<), and a
:nuoh less responsible duty. Hkw fh'7 dis-
charged th<'«e furionons, I need « it tarry to
reuount. Tbe only really unsotlled ()ii>-slioQ
of a puhlio character which existed wh^-n they
resigned oflice, was a long pcndiiig dispute
with the Mining AMooiatlon, relative to the
terms of an ou'stauding leaie i id providently
grtnted to the Duke of York, hoi I by his cre-
diti)rs and assignees. The diffijulties o>innoct-
ed with tbo settlement of the matter, which
had run over a long period of years, were all
but overcome, and on the point of being fla:*l-
ly arranged, when the Oiivernnient oh»nge<l
hands, and (he finishirg strok", the winding
up of a tedious and intiiv..tte negotiation thus
accilaniilly ftll under the control of the late
Qovernmcnt The presnt Attorney Giueral,
who had largely co'itributed to piomoietho
solution of the diili^uUies, anl hid tAken an
active part in mouliing public opinion on this
side the water, was selected to aid tbe leader
of the G )Vtrninpnt of the diy, in finilly
and amickbly adjusting the i.iatier with the
company's agent** iu London. The policy and
the terms of the settlemunt, as e«eiyboily
knows, were substintiilly tho acts of Mr.
Young's administration. Mr J<ihntit'>n, dur-
ing tho whole period of his politic*! cireer, or
nearly so, had been tho retained oun-elof the
As.'iooiaMon, sitting ii: Parliament and using
all his itifluencc there to protect their inter-
t'S's ILe own political supporters bad at last
refused to sustain him in bs action longer, and
BO makim; a virtue of necesaity for once in hit
life, ho consented to co-operate with hi* poli-
tical opponents, and terminue this difficulty.
Dr. Tupp'jr and the Hon. H B. Dick.7 have
on one or two ocousions bten Ketting up claims
to credit on the pirl of Mr. Johnston's admin-
istration for prom. iling a settlement of this dis-
pute, lie himhelt ban never claimed credit ia
tho matter so far as 1 know. There are too
many resolutions and amendments rvcorded
on tbe Journals of the L 'gisliture to ndmit of
that, and he and they have just about as aip.ch
right to credit in this case as the fly had, that
perching himself on the e.id of««he coach axle-
tree when the driver plied his whip and the
wheels whirled rapidly forward, flippRd hia
little wings, and cried out " see what I have
done." Just about.

This is abjut the caly matter of any mo-
ment, which excusb.bly charsoteriied Mr.
-Juhn^ou's QL>y<$rniuHnt dnrinir the three

jmn tb«7 held oAo*. Iir TupMr elaimi
•d tOftt k (jtl KKtion on whioh be aarTtd,
MmmiatiitDmt to promote the coaitraotioo of
the loteruulonbl K«ilw«jr, h»l given it " »
Tkliuble liDp>i<jie " Uiit how, or in what wejr,
h» aever «xpl4ine<l,— tnl n>)bu<ly up tft this
hour haa ever hcM^n nh'e to diiioover. Ilia n-
ecoiooniuot, :iii>i lliic of bi>i ooU«»Kuea. in
oppoaiDK the miljr fHtaihIe Hohenia tli%t hM
ever oommeu'iv'i itaclf to » lukjirity of the
nembeta of the l,cn\»\iHartti of the i'rovlnoee of
NoT» Hooti* nnd New UnitiMwiek «re the ettleat
oummeut etr>r<lt>il of the kio't of Hiivouacy on
bin part of thia gn-nt meiHitrp. ilu nnt hie
•aaouiKtea io the House of AMwiuhly, \!oFrtr<
Uute and D>)iilcin, thoy thr)>o an 1 the two Le-

gialative Couiuiillnra, Mfiutrs. I'ioeo and
'iokey, of CtiinlHti^ml, the only county in
the Province, llnlit'its cicepUHl, that hn» two
reaident Lt-Kitiiitive ('ouiioiliorM, they have
DOW provetl lheinM>lvp«i Hiicnnproniisiug ene-
mies and oppoueuta of thia great work.

CUM OMIIOI.UTION AND OKNEBAL ELECTION Or

IH5',).

Eventually the poriuil for a dissoIutioQ cf the
Aaeembly urrivcU. With a firm tread and a
ooufident iitlitiid<>, atrong in the purity and
integrity of tiit-ir prinuiplea, although greatly
weakened umuerioally, tru»iing and cotitl litig,
nevertheleHi, in lUe aoundui'.sa oftliopoliuy
they bad ever aivo.ated, the old liberal pro-
greaaive pnrty made their appeal to the couu<
try. Their ipponontH then, na now, Htt'L-ote<l
to deapine them. Thry aaid thry were '* like
dk'owning men cutching Htslrawd." Dr. Tap-
per had (ifulared he would "rout them horae,
foot and anillet-y, aud 8end them cowering to
the wall." But the giillaut yeomaui-y of the
•oantry, the men

•• Who k'pt the bridije ao well,
la the brave days of old" —

who had fiustaiucd (lowe and Huntingdon in
the trying time, when m <j iritits in the Asfem-
bly counted fur uuthiug, —now that they count-
ed for everythmg, were not to be daunle<l,
they were not gc jg to desert their principles
nor TurBAke tluir frieuds in the hour of extre-
mity. Never at any general election fjr the
previous twelve yearB, hid the country mistuken
the issue, or wavered in its iiittgrity, and the
returns of the 12ih M.t}', 18jH, as tbey came
i'l from the several countiew, townships, and
districts, proved th*t threats had not frighten-
ed, sophistry had n .t mi; ead, nor could
money purchiw ) the suffrages of a majority of
the independent, intelligeut electors of Nova
Bootia. lu a lluu.oe of tifty-five members on
the first division, there were I'U, twenty-five
found to Hustaia the Qoverumeut, whilst t ven-
ty-nine were opposed. A mean, though dex-
terous piece of manipjlatiou on the part of
flhorii! Kerr, of Cumborlaul, uiueated Mr.

Pulton, who had the majority of votfa for that
county, au 1 rvturnrd Mr. MoF^rUna In bta
plao«. or the mi\j<>rity in the llouao would hav«
ottn 8* to 24. A ohang* of Ooverament ea-
aa*J im a matter of ooura«, but never did poll-
tloiadt part with power to rrluoiantly, aa did
tbli oondamned adminlatration. 1 will not
weary th« r<Mder by enUrginit here. It ia md
too recent, and too f>vih iu our mem >ri»f , to
need reoital. I will, thet'cfore, now shortlj
call attention, hrictiy, to the atate of puhllo
alTiira aa the ol<I Government left and tbt mw
Government found them.

riEtiT or TIIR COKUITION Of THE BAII.WAT.

It waa allotted to the writer, na ia well
known, to take charge of the Railway Depart-
ment. 1 accepted at the name tiim) the otIiM
uf Solicitor General, the iluties of which I hav«
ever kiuoe dlaubtrged gratuitously. The salary
of thia office ia £U)i) atg. per annum, whioh
in four years, amounts to ii'MM. That tum
amall, oome m»iy say, ucvertheleaa, ia niving tiM
first, Kfcured >iy thia arrangenient. On assum-
ing othce I found a Chief CouutiiMtiioner of
Riilwayaand two asiiiatauta, reouiving :iii 1,400
annually fur managing the road. Thia I oon-
eidered totally unueoosHaiy. The two aasw-
taute having resigned, I declined tun commend
sueoersorii, and a saving waa theril^y utfeoted
of liiii.GUO per aniiutn. 1 found Mr. Moiae «t
a salui-y of Ji^'JUUU per annum ; but »s the wo %.
of construction ha I ceased, I had no ocoaaion
for the services of a Civil Engineer, and I
dispensed with him. I Ibuu.l that fur the year
ItiO'J the eutite ea/nings of the road were not
enough to pay its working cxpen^CH by up-
wards of $U,OUO. What the opponents of
litilways had prophesied, namely, that when
tiuished they wouKl forever be a burden upou
the Provincial lie venue, I found they were
taking good care should be literally fulfilled.
We had thus already got the first iustaluient
of the predicted defioitno^.
The road had earned $102,877

And the working expenies were 111,276

!iiiU,399

Showing a deficiency of
for Ibo'J.

I immediately proceeded to reorganize th«
whole concera, and in nine monthn t'lom the
iHt April IbGO, (nding on the Hint Docimber,
of ibe same year, the road had not ouiy paid all
its working expenses but a surplus of :^20,270
into Treasury. For the year Itilil, after
paying all expenses, there was a net balance
of f26,8<)2.78 clear profit, and for the year
186J, of i8i37.181 '18. Mark the progresi.
Thus under the changed administration the
difference has gone on increaiing so, .hat com-
paring my last year IBO'^s with theirs of 1859,
we have the round sum of $37,181. 18 added
to $83'.)'J, making in all $45,580 48 as re-
presenting the difference— the difference be-

UHH

twifB • rm>\ m«nt/^ oiki jftr an<}«r on*
(Kfttrnm^Bt, tnd thr Mm* roftd m*a«gftl
MMth<>r jri^r un<l«r rnotbcr.

BLt Im it Iwr.i in mln.l. ihM under lh« (br-
«f go»frnm«ui, Mr. MoN^b't •»'»ry, »» w«U
I tb« MlftH< I of Mr. 8ouU mJ Mr HhaanoQ
Iff not fiai'l out o' th« MrniDK* of lh« roiwl,
btti out uf ibfl Dim ruction fumi, the mmtj
borro»>><l to buUil it. IIiwl thvy h«to phid
•ut of tht tiiruingt, m I litve tlooe (taid
MUrtvt, iimivkii uf tba dcfloicocr of 1H5'J,
b«ing HM it WM #8.a'JU,00. it would h*v« b«cn
•4,4UO(M) iDor« — in «l], #12.7'.>'J.O<). In
four >Mr«, this would h«ve amounieil io
f4'J6.Hl(M). WiU ueithrr the hiKdcst nor
th« loWiKt of Ihfi >e»r« o! my ftdiniiii«ir»tion—
U SB av.ri»i<e, tklte tho yc»r IHt.l, «nd the
road ••-ini.d ovtr and iitM>ve working fxpeowa,
rifl,ai»-'<K); tnuliiply tM« l.y four je»r7. nod
Wb biiv« » 107.208 00 •• fuur ^f»r'. «i«rniiiKii.
Pour je-.Ts of d. H.-icmtiM guoU u 185'.) would,
M ihown, ho Kii l',»,f,.)(J. ThcM two sumi.
therefore, a(l>kd togrtbf , reprfm-nt ai renl
gain lo the coui try, in on« department of the
public (itrvice, mcurid by (he ohanne of Go?-
ornmeMt, a euin iqual to *ii6(i80t. Theie
•re oalcuUtiouH phs ly undt-ratoo-l, basi-d on
data ertirely reliable, and inoHp*l)l8 of being
contro./.rud. I aoiordingly eubscribe my
aame to the ni, and hold myself prepared to
tubitautiitto them, at all times and in all
plao«s.

It hiis been mRtter of snrprise to eomo per-
MM how Mr. liiurie could have inorea^od tho
eitrag r» he did. Let lue explain on two
itenii only. When the contrsota were let,
rook 3utt;n;^s wort tendered fe>r and taken
to be excavated at an ai erage, eay, of a dollar
» yard, racasurc I in m/u— that ie, in the solid
rock — snd fill he oaind here, contraotora vere
paid acwrdingly, and nolwdy ha i e- tr dream-
edof any other principle. What dl i he doT
Why, lu» HAid a yi.rd of eolid rock, if broken
up, would nirtke a yard and a /ia//,-and so,
instead (.f a dullur, he allowed fitty per cent,
•dditicmil In No. 5 section he aided 11,1G5
yard., ; iu No. ;t he aided 13.36.5 yards ; No.
4, Windsor nmncli, 28,9'J(] yard:* - (see App.
No. 1, Jijurnalu 181,0). Hero, at ^1 per y*rd,
are extras of #78,561.

The earth wks calculated by the yard at,
«y thirty or tliirty-five cents a y*rd, and the
contracts let hy the rneaiuremont before it waa
dug. But he mt-asured the fiUs not ihe cut$,
and ao earth shrinks after it is once dug, he
allowed 8 per cent, for whaf he called shrink-
age. This was another and a bright idea to
line the contractors' pocket* at the expense of
the Province.

If a iii*a agreed to sink a shaft 3 feet by 8,
99 feet deep, jou would call that 33 yards of
rook, cuVtio measure. Not so Laurie. He
•Ma 16] more, measuring not the hole, but

'.h« pil« of hiok'-n ston*. To get mes«7 Ml
of the Pro»lno#. wbi'n thry hail i- cm Ihroftgk
earth and fld up a hollow .hen *.« ravened
the principle, and as tanh nhruuk wbiW
rock I w«ltp.|, ha charged N.>v* Hootia par
t«r o«nt. on ^ eingle contract, N.. 8 Mai*
L<n«. 10,000 yar«I«, viry iiMrly. Thle, that
plainly put, will inlcrrst Kiuie people, I in^w.

Uttt it ha« be«a allege<l that ( r«<lue«d lb*

•4lariva of Nome of the < flioers. diiuhargwl
other«, and al)oliahed dhoea 1 did But I
never diicharg^l a man whose s«'rviee« wef»
required, and I never reduced a salary w low,
but that 1 have ten apphcanta for •Ttry
vacanoi. My only ddhoulty has been, to
kno / how, when vactimiia occur, to ohooa*
cap»'.)!e (d'ioerH with, ul (.tt-n lii.g oihers rqually
competent. Uut then it was aUo aliened that
while I i.duci'i the salari.r of other . I did ud
nduuemyown. I reduc<Hl the annual ex-
pense of superintending the department ^800.
Ho far as the drst tw > years of my admin,
utfation is conoerned, it is quite true that I
leoelved iheHalary of my predecesnor. Uut
when the Frovaoial revenuKt of IHiil Ml off,
in ' sequence of the Am.riuan ditnoulti*«,
ftl.uoi'gh the lUiUuy revenues did not 'I'lftVir,
but largely increased, I stepi)el forward
nevertheless, auri did what no lublio man
of the Opposition wa* ever known to do—
I voluntarily rcLiHi'ii-ihed t4(t!J per annum of
my own sdary, »n<t ever since, li r i'2,U){), I
have aischarged the duliett th. t Mr. McNab,
Mr. Shannon, Mr. Sootf, Mi. M.jm-. and Mr.
Wm. Henry, as dJicit jr General, discharged,
and for which they reciived at the rate of
ta'J.OUO per ap.ium, saving the Province tha
ditference of .^JO.OOO ahuu>.lly ! Le» the
country, therefore, now fairly understand the
true pos. ion of matters connected with the
lUdway admiuisiration. Hut ti is the con-
trast (/tf-red by a comparibon of things as they
are in 18!i3, and as they were iu 186'J. But
for the ddliculties with which I have had to
contend, arirting out of the hostility of political
opponents, my success in the administration
of the Railway Department would probably
have been still more trium[.hunt. But as the
public know full well, everything that malice
could invent, and toitined ingenuity de-
vise, has been done, with a view of embar-
rassing me and couuteraoiing my effurts to
economise the public revenues and ensure »
safe and successful administration of the de-
partment over which I have presided. It baa
been the chief point of attack tor the whoio
three years, and every -nemy of progression,
every opponent of the Administration, has
seemed to feel that he had a special duty to
discharge in heapi; « abuse, misrepresenta-
tion, and obloquy upoa it. The public were
admonished, cauiioned, warned, forbidden at
the risk of their iives, to trust themselves la

Hm ears; yet. tn »flt« vt til th«t «oaM bt
tf«M. Mi«J, or wriiltn, ilie rou) •»(! iisniMtgt-
ni«ill«vtit».|i|y won thfir w«jr lo|:iabli«
)i»iirii(i of i

l',)i»iiri)(i orijit*) MO prniil't h«f«

, 1 oftr I..C hii.« nine* 1 h»T« luhl .(Mrg«

•f lfc«lr luanaytnii-nt, Bua u&iltr Pro«^«ac#,
R«J as arciii«i.»- iwi, sot CB«— k«a hapntvofd
to ft tiogN |*Mwug«r on ibt tnint durlaf *ll
Uut time.

ma out AMU Tuc nkw tNuuii nomn.

Mr. Laurie, •ii..ji|( uii.vr tliio|{t, l«n ni« aa
ft J*f*«7 au uucutti un&uiahed atruoture, lo-
tMKk4 lur Hti Ei.g niiHlieJ. toukiog notunlik*
tk« raibii of a t.i.iiuM- joaa bouat. Cunif IrUd.
it wunld h"IJ li.it fl«vt>ii .ngiim- -w« had
twtatj-wiUiout aiw.f, tho wilU uiifiDi«b«a,
U hftd coal tin- l'i,.vii)( c t)>er »IO,<KJO. Ccm.
pMant arcKi(«'cih mikIi nmed it, aa lac'p«b!a
«4 aupponiug tliu ro.-f iuUntletl for * nJ
hftviag bmi Itft cip< leJ a wholo wiuk 'o
repftir daitage woulU coat <J 1,600, fc ..,»«
AaUbftd ii Sia.WO. ixjl-iaite of »i!a.»i»ng
tk« tittf. It lia<< u, Id lakcn down, iLrrtf„r»,
and another ertfctel. A blw one, oara^le of
hol'liog twtnlif t yinti, eating but ;, ...itia,
vaa •reotjid iu \\ .ce of it, nnd thera U a 'nda
to-dftjr oi'9 ot ib«» liioBt complete aod perfect
atnioturea of it« h z i iu Arof rica— An ortmmrttt
to th« gruuu'lit, aud ft ctedit to tb« ocolrao-
tor.

ftKTSKNOHMKNT IN OTIIfB Dn'ABTMK.MTB AKD
rilWT U/ lUIC ABVLl M lOK TUB IKM^NN.

When the change of OoTtrnment occurred.
tbi» Inatilutioii, a^ ia wtH known, waa found
to be in a wrttoti«-(l coniition. It, too, hud to
b« ruorgsuiied. I'uu Al- Jic*l Si.periutendant,
th« tkorelary, aud the lizard of Alanngeiueut,
were all in optrii disuord. Tiie pruuiug kuifo
waa Tigorouely Hj.plutf— the Commit loiiera
diatniMed nnd tliu u.iiiiiigiaiCDt eutruHted to the
Uoard ot VVoika, Thu auvinga naultttig from
tiiia operatiuu \tv 'u averaged nearly ^y,600
yearly— and in fuur jtaia will lUVct a aaving
of, aay #88,UUO.

aALAUIlia AM> LKCISLATITE EXPtNaKS.

Moasra. Johi aton and Tuppcr held the.Qot-
emment for tl.no jcais, aud uoon careful
oomparisor. I find ibat the cxp«-L-: -n of the
Legialature aud fi»r salariea during the next
auooe«'duig thne j<-ars were Icca by apwarda
of $14,000 limn tlity wj-re during fbe three
of their admi1ll^t^atiun, and Ijut tor the tire-
eome repetitiouH i>nd rppca'cd constitutional
debates each wrsiNion, furocd on and ktpt up
for days an-i n nhtinirs a week at a tiuue hy
the Oppobitiou leaders, these savings would
hftve been very much gieater than they are.

THB HEASIIBI'.H i}f THE APMIKIHTRATIOK.

I obaei've tb«l ihtOpinsiUon Pi cm has lately
been asking what has the present Ooternnient
done and what iius tl>e ad ministration to ahoir

ft\9 f ntt tht'A^i 1 <><»»•<• tVii\«> lka«*& l^r-l'l f.CCL~^ A

rdeat, I reply— a irnod 4I,
^struotlTe policy oontiLUftll/
Utetr opponenia

(a the ti«faU D of IMIO, ea Inportaat Aal
waa naaetd, " lntio<lu.!ing the system of J*.
olmal ourrenev," a aykiem aimple, asd < wf
to reckon by, to whiih the publlo ftra
bro«>i..ingaflcu«ff)n,ed, «nil unowh oh will
supplant the uld ni«tbo<l of ouunttug oy
Ioun>!s, ft illitigs and pence.

A Utll pa»s<d the aamu *>t«Nion ** u
prv^tide for the organitition of ft Volanto* 9
force for the dnetoo of th«) I'rotiuoe" Thb
waa another vi»[ual.|» m«a*tire~lhe bftady
work (,f the pr« » nt (iovernn:ent. The syiteia
of thd Inltiatu.n ( f ni ii.ry »ivtef by the Kxeon-
li»fl Qovernn .1' nti m Kngland and the alatet
ColiinifB, w«J alh'ia vaiuabls r-iituureand well
a-NntuI to protft the puolio intereati by
aholiahlng what w«« known as !h* •• iog roll^
ttj/ •' practice. 'IhiH 100 waa thr work of iam
li '(t «e««ion. An 1 r'ortunt alteraU.,.1 waa made
In the La »a rrgulming the mwle of taking of
ft Census, and duiirg tn« vacation that toU
Lwcd a ('ointni.'idion conflating of the Attor-
ney and Soliiilor Uoneral and *'. y FinanQial
Becretary, with i.Tphrn Fulton. ' i.,aotlo9
aa th«ir8«crotary, compiled r. < the moal
Taluable, relialh', and ^ Ai,Dt aeta of
atalisfical tsbUsf, to bo ioui:d in any of tha
Uritiih '^olonits. The original manuaoript
returns, ait bound up, constit-iting a tnoel
interesting rtcoid, ere deposited in iho Legb-
latife Library in iraliri.x, accetaitle to e*ery3
body in all lime ^ jning.

TUB TAC'.TION A.XD TUB I'BINCK'S Vlin.

In the summer of ?8«;() 't'spitc all the ef-
forta, both of Mr. Jvhnston and Dr. Topper,
to war and prewnt, the jverniient aucoced-
ed in procuring for H;8 lloyal i'lghneaatba
Prince of Walea a ri,rht hearty, end njoat en-
thuaiastio reception in Nova Sooti*. Attempt*
to diitiurb the haruumy so much to be deaired
on such a feative and j lyoua occasion, eballi>
tions of iil conceakd ji-a'ousy aud apleeo, all
weot for nothing. As the time approftched
when the Priuue was about to land upon oar
shores, —overwhi lined wit'.i cjnfunion aad
shanf, they coull not stand entirely aloof,
but t'leir faofiouf, frozen hearts were neTer
fairly thawed out or gladdened all the while
the Prince was iu the Province. They wera
morfc auTiouii, — umcU — to have interviews
with the Duko of Niwcaatle, prewnt political
memorials, and loro him with their griefanoea
than to aftord a joyous welcome to vhd Prince.
The Colonial Secretary -'iclined to entertain
their complaints, and tht. have never forgiven
him for it — auj never will.

Dr. Tupp.!r shortly after undertook to ignor*
the status and functions of the Colonial Qean-
tary by passing him over and pouring bis 00m-
piaiuts into tiic eiiB of E*ri Kusael, the Fo-

reigo Secretary of State, but he got ignor-
ed himtelf, bis conmiuniuatiou was treated
with oouteiflpt, anil he was ti"i,5u: p ' ' on ho
ii not likily to furgft for tha reraaiml^i" of his
political life. During the fnvi j«?ar Ib'^ Oo-
▼emnient set on foot nty'in' ' regarJ to
the iDtercolonial ll*ilw»y, ■« ,n have even-
tually tenninatijil in thi» Pro"'E.-"a of Nova
Scotia ami Nl-w Biun«*iok, pan.^ing au Act
identical in all its 'letnily, adapiol to conauiu-
mate this long discussed nnl has prcj -oted
measure. But of that more fully heieaiiler.

DiSCOVIiRY OF oyi.J.

The discovery of sfold in N iva Scotia occur-
red in the year IbOl, and iuipused upon toe
Government a deliOitte and uitii .^ duty, one
for which no previous trniniug L*d nn-ilided
any of the public nieu t f tho counl'-y. Id
some localities gold was discovered on u^^grant-
cd lands, iu others on laudn ^^autod, but iu
nliiob the right to nil the mines 8' 1 minerals
was reserved to the Ouwii. IIow to make
these avdi'abic without di.if .3 injistict ov in-
jury to the owners anii pj- !e. rs or the fioil,
was the grand diffi.;ully, to t !,ve which, nei-
ther California, Australia, or Columbia could
afford a ray of light, or «> much siS a hint to
guide. A gold bill, howev r, 'fier . reat la-
bour, care, and study be.itowt . , jn it, was
prepared and bubaiitted to the Lcjjislaiure
shortly after its dpening iu lb6'2. Ih" extent
of gold bearing rook, or of aliuvjal dopoaits,
was at that time little unders^oo 1, a)\l tliu bill
was framed upon euch iufiirm'tiu i us then ex-
iflied. Throughout the sumai'^r of 1801, the
only mode of maniging the gold mines, was
by orders of Council, prepared unbr an Act
which had previouiily pa.«a?d, adiptcd to regu-
late not gold mines, bur r-il mines. As new
discoveries were made, ttien- • rders ri'quired
to be altered and modified from tima to time,
and when the L'gisiature mot a biii waa sub-
mitted. It passed, tlightly nmenJed, into a
law. New discoveries aid firther develop-
ments have since nocessitarid further modifi-
oations, but moat of ihe leading fetturas of the
Act of 1862, the rental cla lso excepted, are
Btill retained, and are found incapable of be-
ing improved. The prinoipip of a rctual, pro-
vided by the Act of 18o2, hi.s now beta abo-
lished, the gold fi;Ma are thrown open to
enterprise aud specuhtion in the meat unrc-
Btxicted laauDer. A royalty sidfiiieiit merely
to cover the expense;^ of a vij-'lant j^uperinten-
dance and admiuistratiouof the Dopartm^ut is
^mposed, and the le'dslation at present pro-
'yided, ia evidently giving (jreat patis; 'liou.

The Gold Act, and auoiher for the incorpo-
ration and winding up of Joint Stock Compa-
nies, in addition to the ordinary legislation,
were the leading valuable lu^sisurcs passed in
the session of 1802. In addition to ihese the
Adutlnistratioa revised, remodelled, improved

and recast the whole militia law of tht ooub-
try. Th's measure, although it has attracted
but little notice or rem itk hitherto, waa ft
most important and valuable labDt. Under
the vigiliut eye of His Exielleooy the Com-
mander-in-Chief, Ihe Volunteer and Militia
forces of this Province are ipiietly asaom-
ing an orgiiiizition and att^iiuing an effici-
ency which at no previous period of the
history of the Province ev.r characterised
them. The prcccsa is necessarily slow; tffeo-
tive drill is not learned in a diy; but if we
should be seriously threatened with diffiaaltiea
on our frontiers, as these provinces may at
any unexpecteil moment be, thin the value of
such organ izitions, previou><ly provided, would
be properly appreciated. But., as in every-
thing else, not only the Gold Bill, but the
comparatively small amount rf quired to re-or-
ganiBc Ihe Miilitis, did uotescipe the aotiTe,
hostile opposition of Iho^e who, right or
wrong, must needs oppose every act of the
Government.

PfNANCR.

The session of 18iJ2, owing to tho derange-
ments which tho Vmericm revolution pro-
duced in the financial all'iirs of all the Pro-
vinces, was one adipted to put to the strongest
proof the capacity of tb ^ Executive Govern-
ment, aud to 'est the mauliueus, integrity and
firmness of their suppoifeid. A great and
unexpected filling off had occurred in the
revenue, owing to tlie civil wur, which had
broken out just as the e-'ssion of 1861 had
closed. >V hen the session of 1802 opened, al-
though the credit of tl>e province had been
sustiiiued intacr, yet a public debt of upwards
of !ipl20,000 had ajcuuiul-.ted, to provide for,
ami pay oil" which, without disarranging the
institutions of the Province, waa well adapted
to task the energies of men of the best minds
of any country. Tho piinistry and their
friends affirmed that the euibArrHSsmeuts bad
arisen out of the civil war, aud from causes
beyond their control, and, as trade found new
channels, woull speedily pass away. Thui
the Opposition denied. Tbey asserted that it
arose from the incap.iclty of tho government,
who ihould have foreseen if not obviated the
war. They allege J that there was uo remedy
for it now, but a reconstruction of the whole
financial policy of the Province. The
emergency was so vast, so alarming, accord-
ing to the views of the Opposition, that faith
must not only not be ke^it with the publio
officers i.11 over the province, but the whole
Civil List BCttkmeut must be broken op,
public pleJgcs vi dated with Her Majesty, ftnd
a new state of affiira inaugurated. But the
men upon whom tho responsibility of the
Government roste', took a very different
view of the matter. They proposed that a
slight additional duty of 2't per cent ad

valorem b« impoaed, some epeoiflo duties
be raised a trifle, new duties placed upon
home-brewed ale and homu-manufaotured to •
baooo, and iu three years, at the furthest, the
debt would be paid off. Dr. Tupper then
nioveii bis grand retrenchment scheme, which
was voted down. The OoTernment policy was
adopted ; and, instead ol three years, within
nine months the whole debt was paid off— a
handsonu! surplus remaining in the treasury —
and the increased ad valorem duties act re-
pealed again within a twelve month. The Op-
position leaders were sincere, or they were not.
If sincere, they evinced their utter incapacity
to deal with such questions. If insincere, then
their uutiustworthiness and treachery are not
the characteristics which should commend
them to the confidence of the people of Njva
Sm'H. In either aspect of the case, there-
fore, they prove themselves deficent of the
qualities iad.apens&Me to the characters of
statesmen, or firseeing financiers. At the
beginning of 1863, the whole dtbt of the
provious year was paid c&' — the ad valo-
rem duties reduced down again to 10 per
dent, the Kiwest tariff in America — the public
#«rvice suitably provided for— and a grant
of uo less than $140,000 given for the roads
and bridges for tbe current year. Here, then,
is a complete and triumphant refutatiun of all
the malevoknt accusations and charget; of all
the opponents of tho administration already
urge<l, or which the fertile inventions of their
friends may prefer, during tbe political cam-
paign in which tho country is now engaged,
—a refutation, complete and triumphant.

TUB LAST SB3SI0N.

And now for ide session of 1863. Again I
am proud to be able to point to further impor-
tant measures of great public utility, and well
adapted to promote the best interests of the
country. By the skill, energy and ability of
the admiuistratirn, the necessary legislation
ijT constructing the great intercolonial line of
railway is at last recorded upon the Statute
book of the country. A scheme designed, in
cuncert with Caniida and New Brunswick, mi-
tured so fur as the maritime Provinces are
concerned, has been perfected in Nova Scoti*
by the untiring eiforts of the great pro?;re8sive
party. Notwiilistaudiug the untruthful an-
nouncement iu the opposition press, Canada
has begun to move in the matter, and a sum
amountiiigto ft 10,000 has been inserted in
the Estimates fur the present year foi proceed-
ing with a survey. (Sao the Quebec Mercury,
Government organ, of the 2.)th April.)* A

* Since the foregoing was written, the Cana-
dian Government has been defeated, one of tha
grounds being their faithleasnesa towards Nova
Seutla and New Brunswick In reforeuoa to tlio
Iat«ro(jlouial Rail say.

first section of a Branch line to Piotou to tap
her great coal fields, to bring the remotest por-
tions of Cape Bretcu within t wen ty- four hoarg
of Halifax, is provided for by law and
already in couroo of construction. Against
both these measures, every opponent of the
present Administration, in the House of
Assembly, leader and follower,— Jamess Mo-
Uonald only excepted — voted dead. Eveo
the Cumberland mtmbers, vith Dr. Tupper «l
their head, I grieve and am ashamed to have
itsaid,— ihey of all others, offered every op-
posiiion in their power to both these acts.
By rail, the remotest residents in Cumberland,
dwelling on the frontiers of New Brunswick,
if tho Intercolonial succtcds, could reach Ha-
lifax easily in six hours, (and St. John in the
same time) avoiding tho snuwsof the Cuu ber-
land mountains, the fitigues of a two or ture*
and sometim«s ft six day's journey. By it
farmers would enjoy caoy and ready ocoesB to
the two best markets in the Trovinces, and a
choiceof either— an i yet they, the people of
Cumberland, have sent to the Lffgislature men
who have thus dared to misrepresent them,
and their best and dearest interests, regard-
less of all consequences. Wtll so be it. Their
accountability is in the right placi . If Cum-
berland expected this of her members, it is all
as it should be. It' not, if her best interests
have been trifled with and sacrificed, her ex-
pectations disappointed, and her pride wound-
ed, she has it now in her power to administer
a well deserved rebuke.

Then we have alsc an Immigration Bill
passed this last Session adapted to invite labor
and capital and enterprise into the country.
Itj fruits are already beginning to be felt
Mechanics, Uborers, and household servants,
of a superior clafs, are tbwing quietly but
steadily in the debired direction. A Bill to
stimulate the farmers, and to improve the con-
dition of our Agriculture, has been enacted.
Large premiums are offereil for the best stock,
the best productions of tho farm, and to en-
courage emulation and rivalry among the
stock-breeders in all parts of the Province,
Tbeso are results of exertions made by the
Government, and those who fcupport them in
the Legislature. The Act to raise the Fran-
chise, after the ensuing election, has become
the law of the laud, it is safe upon the Sta-
tute Book also, and notwithstanding all that
may be said to the contrary, commends itself,
I feel ft-sured, to tho sounJ judgment and en-
lists in its favor, tho dearest f-ympathies of a
vast msjority of the sincerest well-wishera of
our common country.

CONCLtTSION.

And now in conclusion, a word or two as to
the coming contest. The per'od which the law
provides for the termination of Parliament has
arrived, and power for the next four je&rs

mu«t b« exeroised nooordinfj to the •• w«ll nn-
dewtood wi«he» of »he pi-ople .a exprwaed
Uirough a TOHjarify of fheir rfp-esentatives."
^didates wh(. f*vor the p..li(,y „f the present
aownni(;nt, an.l m*ke their appeal accord-
ingly, occupy a platform ^„,;h an it is rarely
tL« good fortune of a poIitlc»l party to Dossess.
The public IreHH.iry m in a henlthy and eatis-
f? ""V/""'"'"" Trade flouriKhes on *-erv
•Me TheCoHl meRsurrs of Cnpe Breton and
1?A f" ^'^""'""s "<' P^urinfc forth their
noh pn,duv;e ^nd furnishing freight more or
l«M remunPniMng to our shippin,?. Thequarta
rocks of Hnhfm, Guyshoro'. iind Hants a-e
producing ,,cb returni. for the labour be-
rtoweil in developing their secret deposits.
The ring of the slypwrightsaxeand the caulk-
era mallet is heard in the ere. k.-. on the shores,
Md along the inlets of every County in the
Province. The ftrmcr sees prospectB of f.Jr
pnces for hm pro'luc. i.nd a ready market for

^J^^IT ' l""- ,^''*' P''""''^' "'■ P'"°hing want
u almost HnbeHrd(,fan.nns/ <i^; Activity prevails
on all BideH, and Great Britain has not a Pro-
tinoe araooR .ill her wide possessions, in more
prosperous circumHtanc. 8 this day, than Nova

wkI?- // ''°' ''^"'' *'"'' ''<'«''**^ify for change?
What 18 the country to Rain by revolutionizing
Its affairs under circumstances like these?
What may it not lose?

That is a question easier asked than an-
swered. Ju,i^i„p; from the experience of the
past-looking at the rapid accumulation of
debt contracted during the three short years
the present Opposition held power, with no-
thing to show for it-aud hearing in mind the
■nsorapulousne*^- with which they misi^ppro-

prlated money borrowed for other parpom.
»nd without which they would have rS
from cffije with the Province over $400 000
in debt— tht accumulation of but three year^
—with sach facts before us, one cannot bat
reel that there are grave reasons why it is not
desirable that the same class of persons shoakL
f*.'r light or unimportant reasons, be pvjrmjtted
aga.a to have the control of our public affaire.
I oave now discharged a duty, which I felt
that some member of the Adn-inistration owed
to the country For reasons already assigned.
1 Jave assumed the responsibiliry of the taak
i only regret that contiuuous calls and nn-
ceasing demands upon my tira«, disable me
from discharging this duty more satisfactorily.
Ihat I shall attract some further unenviabto
notoriety by this address, is far from impro.
table. It matters little, any way. My op-
ponents must have already well nigh exhauHt-
ed their quivers of every poiiscned shaft. AH
that has been said or written about me for the
last four years, has but nerved ma for the no-
sition I occpy. Better men Lave, perhap^
been better abused, that alone ought to atfaVd
some consolation.

With confidence in the judgment, the
dmcretion. the energy, and the vigor of the old
liberal progressive party of Nova Scotia, I look
forward, gentlemen, hopefully and cheerfully,
to the deciMon which this country will on lh«
^»th day of this present month pronounce unoa
the issue 8ubmirted.-and in the meantiiT
remain. Your obdt. servant.

Br u.)mtck Place, \

Halifax, m May, 1863. 5

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