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FRUIT LIST

FOB

PROVINCE OF QUEBEC.

PUBLISHED BT

Fruit Growers' Association,

ABBOTTSFORD.

This Association, feeling that a published fruit list was abso-
lutely necessary for the advancement of fruit culture in this
Province, issued a circular letter of enquiry to gather the varied
^experience in its different parts. Two hundred and ninety circu-
lars were issued about 6th January last.

Replies were received from, or correspondence entered into with,
or (which is better) discussions held with over a hundred persons
exclusive of residents of Abbotsford.

Our information is chiefly from the Island of Montreal, from
the counties of Eouville, Brome, Missisquoi and Huntingdon, and
the country lying between them, the clay fliats excepted ; from
these last a few reports only, these failures as regards apples, in
two cases even when tile drained. On drained black muck five
feet deep one cultivated orchard reported. Trees five years
planted in fine health, and fruit large, but equal neither in flavor
nor color to that grown upon more suitable soils.

REPORT.

Two best va Aeaare,

1. DUCHESS OF OLDENBURG.

2. BED ASTRACHAN.

DUCHESS OF OLDENBUKa seems perhap. the mo8t gener-
ally satisfactory tree reported on. It produces good crops every
year of a saleable fru.t which ripens soon after Red Astrakhan

RED A8TRACHAN comes next in general satisfactoriness. In
a few cases, however, it is reported as utterly failing without ap-
parent cause, and on no special kind of soil. It is always saleabi;
and at h.gh prices; and bears carriage best of the early apples '

EARLY HARVEST, with and without shelter, reported as doin^
w 11 .n some .nstances, but as a rule decidedly shorWived and Z

TBTOFSKY.whose beauty, productiveness and hardiness, thonsh
medmm m quahty, yet recommend it for places unfavo/abtlr
Red Astracha,. before, or with which it ripens, does not bear

WHITE ASTEACHAN: a hardy tree with a long life and clea,.
bark ; .t grows large, but being upright can be plfnted closest
yields very heavy crops of fine fruit, but as it does not bear car
nage, and «,a(.r-».« badly, it is valuable mainly for home use la
one mstanee, however, it has been profitably grown for near m^ket
even thoijgh not bringing so high a price as^Eed Astrachar ^

..„ T Vi.°'".°f,*'''""'""'™- D»«">i"S describes a "Peach"
• an Insh Peach " and " an American Peach." It is none rfthes^
Some very old trees in Montreal showing it to be long-lived Tret
.s vigorous, hardy and productive, fruit above medium, oblont
conic, yellow with pink blush on one side; quality second rTt!'
profitable for near market m^y, as it shews Uses '

The two best varieties are.

1. ST. LAWRENCE. 2. ALEXANDER.

ST. LAWRE!jTCE is a hardy long lived tree, producing fair crops
every year, of finest quality fruit. It does not crop like the Fa-
meuse, and so is not so profitable for the Montreal market. On
this account it is not being planted so largely. Should it become
scarce, it would bring a very high price.

ALEXANDER is healthy, hardy and fruitful. Has a fairly long
life, one weighty witness to the contrary, notwithstanding. Ships
fairly, keeps well for a fall fruit and sells high.

The following, named somewhat in order of ripening, are also
ivorthy of notice.

KESWICK CODLIN : a largish acid, cooking fruit, bearing free
and early. It is fairly hardy, and does well near Montreal, but our
reports are chiefly from places more or less sheltered.

HAWTHORNDEN bears a very early and heavy crop of fine
titchen fruit. It is hardy, but dies often of exhaustion, perhaps
because the fruit is not thinned when it is young.

KING OF THE PIPPINS, reported also from Montreal, yields
a large red cooking apple very heavily for many years, and
ultimately dies of over bearing.

KENTISH FILL BASKET : another reported from Montreal as
hardy and productive, fruit of fair quality and of enormous size,
used for cooking.

The FAMEUSB \b first without a rival.

'These, however, may be mentioned:

<GRAVENSTEIN: A few of these large, handsome, German
;apples are grown about Montreal and Lacolle. Special enquiries
have not been made.

LATE STRAWBERRY (Autumn Strawberry) produces a larg-
ish handsome fruit of fine quality.

At Abbottsford, and in some cases at Montreal, it bears early and
freely, and, though not long lived, well repays cultivation.

BOURASSA; There is diiference of opinion about this old
favorite. Many say it is healthy, some say not ; some say it is pro-
ductive, more say it is not. It sells well in Montreal, but no longer
at extra prices.

HUBBERTSON'S NONSUCH : A noblo mid-winter fruit which
has done well in a few instance.s,— of its failures wo know nothing.

Its character for hardiness, in northern parts of New England,
would not lead us to expect it ever to become one of our leading
fruits.

hkm wmTM,

For the early winter, FAME USE was first, and there were no
competitors ; for late winter there are many competitors, and none
first : none combine hardiness and productiveness with all the best
marketable qualities. Choose from these next six :

1. GOLDEN RUSSET : This is the Golden Russet of Western Neto
York, erroneously called American Golden Russet in the catalogues,
of some Ontario nurserymen. Warder calls it the English Golden,.
but it is known by this name only in the West. Its hardiness and
productiveness are well spoken of from Montreal, when sheltered
or even moderately exposed. So are they in exposed situations in
Huntingdon county, where it is being planted for profit, and per-
haps elsewhere ; but elsewhere there is so much confusion about
Russets that some of the reports are untrustworthy. In
Montreal it does not bring as high a price as Fameuse per tree,
and hardly per bushel. It keeps till April or May.

2. WHITE (WINTER) CALVILLE : From Beloeil we hear
that the original tree was bearing in 1822, and that it is still yield-
ing good crops, considered rather more productive than Fameuse,
eight barrels being sometimes gathered from a single tree. Fruit
sells at same price as Fameuse. At Abbottsford it has proved
hardy and vigorous in nursery; and in orchard, trees seventeen
years planted have proved hardy, and in productiveness very
nearly equal to Fameuse. Fruit medium, yellowish when ripe,
with blush on one side ; flesh firm, crisp, juicy, mild sub-acid ; it»
only fault being its color, which shews bruises, and prevents it»
being a first class market fruit, otherwise it bears carriage well,,
keeps till April.

3. CANADA BALDWIN was also brought to Abbottsford from
Beloeil. The fruit is conic in shape, and somewhat like the
Fameuse, though lighter in color and specked with white. It
bears carriage well, keeps till June, and is very saleable. The

trees are heavy croppers, stron/? in growth and very thrifty and
were thought exceedingly hai-dy, but during the Ia«t five years
the old ones (seventeen years planted) have shown tendency to
eun-scald. ''

The FAMEUSE-BALDWIN, reported from Belooil, does not
seem to be the same under another name.

4. BLUEPEARMAIN: This is a hardy tree, but accounts
vary as to its^ productiveness, being mostly unfavorable; some
think heavy soils suit it. It was named twice only among the
five best kinds for profit, and in both cases on gravelly loam mixed
with clay. The apple itself is large and handsome, in no special
demand in Montreal, but sells well in local markets.
- 5. BEN DAVIS : Reported very ftivorably from Huntingdon
Co. and a few other scattered places. It is a vigorous grower, and
so hardy that it was used in Wisconsin to top-graft tender kinds
on, but the severe winter of 1873 put a stop to this ; it bears early
and heavily, and though decidedly wanting in flavor, it is tU mar-
ket apple of North Illinois, and is placed on the commercial list of
the North Western Societies. It does well in all soils, but with some
change in the flavor of the fruit. It ships well and keeps till
May. ^

6. JONATHAN is a beautiful, red, first quality dessert apple
Its size IS medium, or below medium. In Huntingdon county
trees, seventeen years planted on exposed northern slopes, have
proved hardy and productive and very profitable.

In Montreal in one instance it has done well, and should be
^own there for home use, keeping as it does till May.

•7. NORTHERN SPY: Spoken of favorably from Huntingdon
county, where, upon unsheltered northern slopes, it proves hardy
and though late in coming into bearing, yet recommended for pro-
fit. Favorable reports also from Missisquoi and from the neigh-
JDorhood ofLacolle.

In Montreal, both on exposed northern and on protected southern
slopes. It IS short-lived, and this, added to its tardiness in bearing,
has condemned it. It has also proved tender in the nurseries at
Montreal and at Abbotsford.

8. POMME GRISE . Spoken of in a few instances as a good
bearer, but generally as a decidedly poor bearer even in cultivated

jqual in quali

what

orchards. Fruit said by sorao to bo n(
it used to be, and in Montreal market is no longer saleable at extra
prices, havin'^ been superseded by the larger russets. Plant spar-
ingly and for homo use only.

9. TOLMAN'S SWEET : Generally reported as hardy and pro-
ductive here, as in the North Western and North Eastern States,
though somehow it proved tender in the nurseries at Abbotsford.
The fruit, however, is not saleable in Montreal market.

10. RIBSTON PIPPIN : A few report favorably,but more quite
the reverse, as to health and length of life of tree, and in some
cases as to quality of fruit.

11. KING (OF TOMKINS' COUNTY) has one firm friend
and several enemies of valued judgment.

12. YELLOW BELLE FLOWER is hardy, fruitful and often
satisfactory.

13. BALDWINS and RHODE ISLAND GREENINGS and
SPITZENBURGS have in many scattered instances done well in
sheltered spots, surviving even the winter of 1858, yet on the
whole are condemned by nursery men and orchardists, and in fact
their continued importation has done immense damage to the
fruit interest of our Province.

BEST FIVE KINDS IN ORDER OF PREFERENCE.

HUNTINGDON COUNTY reports Fameusb and Red Astra-
•CHAN a tie : next to them are Duchess or St. Lawrence.

LACOLLE AND VICINITY: Fameuse first, unanimously:
next, St. Lawrence, Red Astrachan, and, possibly Canada
Paldwin.

DISTRICT OF BEDFORD: Fameuse or Red Astrachan,
•followed by some winter apple.

BELCEIL : unanimously, Fameuse.

ABBOTSFORD : Fameuse, St. Lawrencjb, White Calville,
Duchess, Alexander.

ROUGEMONT : Red Astrachan, Fameuse, St. Lawrence and
Alexander.

L'ISLET CO. : Red Astrachan, Fameuse, Duchess. (Two
reports only from this Co. and no replies to our- enquiries upon
them.)

OTTAWA VALLEY : Fam2U8e and Duchess eoual, I?ed As-
TRACFiA.v, St. Lawrence.

MONTHEAL: Red Astraciian, Alexander, Pameuse
DuciiESH and Peach. Montmil reports stron^dy for Fameup-i. It is
a heavy and reliublo boarcr, and alwayw has fotuhcd and wiu'fbtch
a good price : viz., a dollar a bu.shol, at tho vary leant.

Ked Astraciian brings now about $2 a buHhol, as the supply
hardly equals tlio demand. Ontario ships us a certain quantity
and may ship largely, and, though her Red Astrachan commands
but a small price compared with that from the orchards in tho
neighborhood of Montreal, this will undoubtedly affect the price;
and, to what extent, is a question for those to consider w'lo would
plant very largely of what, to-day, is tho most profitable apple in
tho Montreal market. .

Alexander, if fine, brings S6 y.cr brl.

Duchess and Peach bring high prices, but must bo handled
more carefully.

Of Winter Apples, the Golden Russet is reported, from Mon
treal, as loss fruitful than Fameuse, and lower priced, because
of the competition from Ontario. In Huntingdon Co. it is
being planted for profit, so also are Ben Davis and Jonathan
and even Northern Spy. In some parts, Winter Calville and
Canada Baldwin are most thought of.

HARDIEST FIVE KINDS IN ORDER OF PREFERENCE.
Fortunately, since the extremely severe winter of 1858, we havo
had no opportunity of testing this question. But, were wo sys-
tematically to examine the injury done to our orchards last win>
ter, we might learn much. In the North-West, the winto- ot^
1872-73 destroyed a large percentage of orchards ; a thorough
examination was made by the Minnesota and Wisconsin State
Horticultural Societies, and from these, and more detailed
reports published in the North-West papers, we gather the follow-
ing : Crabs stood, of course, as a rule, first ; and tho order of
hardmess among these was: 1, Transcendent; 2, Hyslop- 3
Montreal Beauty, (this possibly may be M. Waxen.) ' '

Soulard was much more injured than these three.

Among apples, first wore Tetofskt and Duchess of Oldenburg-
these results are confirmed by - eports from Vt. and N. II. aifdN^'
Next probably, stood White ...trachax, which was not, ho'vcver,
largely grown, an it does not bear carriage

Transl!;:;L'rLllr'/''"'r'' '.^'''' ^"" '^^'^ ^^- «- «^ ^^°
iransccndent, but of fine quality,) and Wealthy, are the only ones

hardy enough to be recommended by the Minn S. H S for a ^
locaht.es Golden Russet, Red Astb.chan, and Ben Dwis
were debated upon, but rejected; Pew.ukee al!o sou2
admission, but was not received. ^

For the most favourable localities wo have a second !:«♦ . n
Fameuse, AValbridge, St Lwrevpf pin a ''«t: I^^as,

Russet, Saxton and Perrv CsS ' ^"""""^' ^^^^^^

To judge from the .Minneapolis 3Ieteorolo<ncal tahb,^ th. ni

Meteorological T.aWe. .eem to indiea.o. T : w" Lx. Z
gu-e., „, a. the iive bo.,t for general cultivation, to mTJZ
Go..... R,,,,,^ b,„ „,^„ j,^^^,^^ Bo S Td

WALBaiixiE uiwn the eoremercial li,t '

pro:'i';.re''tv'!rv'''''"'"t™™'''^^ »« '^»-« t-'odinth,,
.4-;f;:;!Zi;;:rihrs:^--r-

As a dodncfon from the above, modified by oT own less

C"tv "T™""' "" "•""' «'^-^ "- '"»*-t '" nds thu;
PeIch I'e.f o ;;r' °' O^f ™™o. Wh,te Asx«ao„:» and

Our statistics give us, in order of preference •
former, >t must be marketed carefully and%„ic% '

3. QUEEN'S CHOICE : a great fovorite in Stanstead and St.
Francis Valley, being more reliable than the above in unfavorable
|)laces; — bears young and heavily, sells readily there; and, being
firm in texture, ^-eeps and ships better than the above.

4. BED SIBERIAN: the best for jelly and good for canning.

5. MONTEEAL WAXEN : Jas. Dougall, of Windsor, Onl., say^;
this tree is propagated in Ontario, under the name of Montreal
Beauty; but the two may be easily distinguished as the growth
of M. B. is upright, ^yhereas the M. W. is a spreading and almost
a straggling tree.

Some say this last is a heavier bearer than the M. B.
and more profitable. The confusion of names may be the
cause of this being placed fifth on this list.

6. HYSLOP keeps better, but does not bear as heavily as
Transcendent ; is very astringent, but is well thought of by some
for its size and great beauty.

Montreal Beauty and Waxen sell in Montreal (when hand-picked
not shilelagh-picked,) at from $1.50 to 2.50 per bushel.

Of the prices of the other" wo cannot speak positively.
The above are all Fall crabs, all sub-acid, and all astringent or
"puckery."

Siberian crabs can be grown abundantly where other pples
fail entirely ; and we believe thei'e exist species of every season
and flavor and without astringency.

We earnestly hope that exjoeriments will be turned in this
direction, for the crabs (unless some day affected by blight as they
have been hi the west,) must beconic of the greatest importance
to us.

We give d digest of the experience of a few in Montreal. This
difi'ers entirely from our report on apple.s, as being merely a
local <ixperience. It should therefore be received cautiously, and
wo earnestly h'^ .e that the Montreal Horticultural Society
will appoint pear and plum committees, and make out more thorough
lists as a guide to future planter^.

We may state that shelter by buildings, hedges, &c., is desir-
able, if not necessary ; trees must not be forced either in nursery
or orchard until in bearing. Mulching in the fall, necessary.
Cnly upon these conditions can tho following be recommended,
and that not for profit. —

*»>- *^,

■ -&.^

S., Standard or tree on pear roots; D, Dwarf or trees on
quince roots; h., hardy; p. productive; q, quality.

PEARS. — FIVE BEST KINDS.

FLEMISH BEAUTY : S. : decidedly first, h, p., large, good q.,
reliable, autumn.

BELLE LUCRATIVE: S. or perhaps D., h., medium size,
best q., autumn.

GLOUT MORCEAU: D. & S., rather large, h., fair q., mid-
winter.

LAWRENCE: S. & D., med. size, h., highest q., early winter.
WHITE DOYENl^E: S. & D., rather large, h., highest q.,
autumn.

These last four are not in order of preference.
The following also deserve special mention :

BARTLET : S. & D., fine q., but tree generally not as h. as some
others.

BON CHRETIEN: S. & D,, fine h., large, medium q., perhaps
not what it used to be, autumn.

ONONDAGA : very h., large, good q., though somewhat vari-
able, autumn.

ST. GHISLAIN : S. (fep., hardier than Flemisn Beauty, but not
equfvi in q. ; the fruit is finest on quince stock, but the tree lives
longer as a standard.

LOUISE BONNE DE. JERSEY: D., very p., but accounts
diflFer as to h., autumn.

NAPOLEON : D., h. p., good q., medium size, well spoken of,
autumn.

GANSEL'S BERGAMOT : S. & D., rather large, fine q., mod-
erately p., autumn.

HOWEL : medium or largish, good q., autumn.

OSWEGO BEURRE : S., very h., rather small, medium q.,
autumn.

CRBAN'S SUMMER : a little beauty of good q., pretty h., only
moderately p.

ROSTIEZER : pretty h., small, best q., early.

BUERRE DIEL : h., large, fine q., p., autumn.

Some would place this oa first list of five best kinds.

KINGSESSING : rather large, good q., some old trees reported
in good health, autumn.

CL APP'S FAVOKITE : a seedling from Flemish Beauty and
Bartlet, said by many to promise to be a hardy tree-

Dearborn's Seedling; Doyenne d'Ete, Tyson, Ananas d'Ete
have also, in some cases, done well. '

For the detailed experience of one who has tested 300 varieties
of pears in Montreal, we would refer to report Ont. F. G. Associa-
tion, 1871, or to " Canada Farmer," July and August, 1871.

To make out a list of fioe best varieties was impossible
The following list of 12, however, contains those most thought of
The 5 best kinds for profit, we are unable to name. Such a list
would include Lombard and Corse's Admiral, but great difference
of opinion would exist as to the others ; some preferring lar^re
handsome plums, like Bradshaw & Pond's Seedling; others,
smaller and inferior kinds which are hardier and surer 'bearers •
the latest varieties, as a rule, command the highest prices. '

The 12 kinds which have done best are :

fUiNU fc, bJiUDLING : -iellow, voiy lai'se, free as hardy as any

01 Its CiclSS*

WASHINGTON (Bolmer's): yellow, large, very fine q. very
p. every 3rd year, or now and then according to fiivorableness
of position.

IMPERIAL GAGE : greenish yellow, rather larcre hi-hest a
BLEEKER'S GAGE: yellow, medium, fine q., co^sidel:;!; tr^
p. by some. "^

BRADSHAW: reddish purple, very large, ^ood cj
COE'SG0LDE.^DROP: large yellow, fine q., moderately p ,
being late, brings high prices, and is stated positively to ripen
every year. ^

PRINCE'S YELLOW GAGE ; medium yellow, very good o

GEEENGAGE; of the highest q., bnt h. and p. in i/L;,,„t.
only. •> ^

NOT A BENE (Corse's): purple, IJ inches in diameter, juicy
rich and sweet, the finest flavoured of Corse's Seedlings veryp
but does not bear carriage as well as the two foUowin"- : '

DICTATOR (Corse's) : brownish purp'e, nearly as la^-^e and
shape of yellow egg, fine q., firm teslure, bears carria^ wel'
profitable.

ADMIEAL (Corse's) : dead b^ue, ova', pearly as la-go as
Dictator, sofier texture, and not as good flavor, bu^moro
productive. If any one knows of trees of the last three kinds, in
bearing, they would do well to let it be known, as the old trees
have lately been cut down, and the Montreal nurserymen are in
doubts as to where scions can be had.

The following kinds have also done well : Damson (profitable
in Huntingdon Co), Reine Claude de Bavay (ripens every year),
Yellow Egg, McLaughlin, Jefferson, Blue Gage, Sjiith's
Orleans, Purple Favorite.

The above kinds have lived 12 or 15 years, usually not much
longer, and have produced good crops more or less frequently
according to variety and favorableness of position. This shows
that we have not the species adapted to our climate. The Minn.
State Hor. Soc, finding none of the above kinds hardy enough
to be recommended for general cultivation, published a list of the
best native seedlings. These have since been examined by a
committee, and the best (Harrison's Peach and others), thougl'i not
as yet endorsed by the Society, are nevertheless spoken of very
favorably by them. An examination of our own native seedlings
should at once be commenced, and also it might be well to try
these hardy North Westers of the Prunus Chickasa, thought so
favorably of by the M. S. H. Soc.

There is, however, a less hardy class of Chickasaws of more
southern origin, which is likely to be grown for this market,
including the Wild Goose, Winnebago and Miner (or Hinckley).
The latter is so late that its ripening may be questionable
(though the later the better for market, if it does ripen) ; young
trees both of this and Winnebago proved no hardier at Abbots-
ford during last winter than Lombard. This class of plum is
noted for its fruitfulness and length of life, but we do not feel that
this 18 exactly the line in which experiment should be made

BLUE ORLEANS, PRUNE AU, and YELLOW ORLEANS.
Thousands of these trees, especially the first, grown from suckers
and planted in the sod, are doing well on North Shore of the
St. Lawrence just below Quebec, and on the Isle of Orleans.

■Mm

TThey soil in Montreal at from $H to 814 per barrel, and, hitherto,
have not been stung by the Curculio. Unfortunately the " Black
Knot " began to appear many years ago upon the wild cherry
trees along the fences, and from these it has spread, and is rapidly
destroying the plum orchards. The danger is not understood,
and the people would be loath to apply the remedy, viz., cutting
off all parts diseased, but, if not attended to, this whole business
Eiust, before many years, entirely fail.

The common kind under the names of Early Richmond, Ken-
tish, Common Red, &c., is the only kind grown to any extent,
and that with much success coupled with some failures. English
MoRELLO and May Duke also doing well in a number of instances.

At Rougemont, Black Eagle has been grown for many years,
is as hardy as Kentish, but not a good bearer.

The Minn. S. H. Soc. endorses one new German variety, Hartz
Mountain, and rscommcnds another, Leib, for trial. Many
years ago a black, sweet cherry with a delicious flavor grew
largely about Montreal; any one who knows of a tree should
report at once to propagators, and help to fill up a blank in our
fruit list, — a sweet cherry adapted to our severe climate.

In recommending the best kinds of Grapes we must premise
that no kind should be grown in this province without three
things :

I. Thorough underr^rainage. II. Protection by fences or
Ledges. III. Winter covering.

Some of our more careful cultivators train according to the
" renewal system " and the very late varieties require this.

These four kinds we recommend for general cultivation :

HARTFORD PROLIFIC: This is a hardy grape producing
more fruit with less care than any other. We have seen it drop
badly from the bunch, but on making special enquiries, we found
this to be the exception and not the rule. Connoisseurs find the
pulp somewhat acid, yet it is valued for home use, and on account
of its earliness and productiveness it brings the highest price per
lb. and per vine.

ADIEONDAC : This grape is positively without pulp. In
flavor It approaches that of the finer foreign sorts. It is sure to
ripen always, but does not bear so heavily as the above The
Tine 18 not vigorous, and has m two instances been found to winter-
kill under the same covering which protected others. It has
been kept all winter.

CREYELLTNG: This is a hardy and vigorous grower, and
produces good crops of a line but peculiar flavored fruit The
bunch IS loose and straggling, and is therefore not very market-
able. It ripens ten days later than Adirondac, and is not injured
■by frosts. "^

DELAWARE: This is reported as a general favorite, as it
adds hardiness and productiveness to its delicate sweet-scented
flavor. It should be planted in warm positions. No grape later
than this should be recommended for general culture.

The following also deserve attention:

CONCORD : This is a hardy and vigorous grower and abun-
tiant bearer, feome report that it ripens thoroughly every year •
on the other hand, others, both from light and heavy soils, but
especially from the latter, report that the berry colors, but does
not ripen or sweeten. It should be planted only where it is
found to ripen well, or against walls, or in other specially shel-
verecl spots.

EUMELAN : This is a medium sized dark purple grape of
fine quality. It seems good every way except in the size of the
fcerry. It is reported on only by a few, and as having fruited
but two years.

REBECCA is a high flavored yellowish-green grape of medium
size. It IS productive, and is doing well in the hands of a few
careful cultivators. It is said, both in Montreal and at Philips-
burg, to ripen just after Hartford Prolific. The description of the
grape is exact, but in U. S. said to ripen with Isabella. It is also
said there to be a good keeper

MASSASOIT (ROGERS NO. 3), a rather large amber grape
ripening not long after Adirondac, is reported favorably from
•Ottawa and Philipsburg.

SALEM (ROGERS NO. 22), a large amber grape of fine

lahty, ripening just before Concord, is reported favoraHU^ from
several places. '^

qualit

ROGERS NO. 33 : a grape of the Black Hamburg type, ripen-
ing with Adirondac. It is hardly known, bat is doing remarkably
well at Philipsburg.

ISABELLA : This very late variety is reported by several as
ripening every year against a wall, though they believe it would
not th oughly ripen on the trellis. In two or three instances, how-
ever, said to ripen even on trellis.

BLACK CLUSTER and CHASSELAS DE FONTAINE-
BLEAU are both reported from Montreal as having thoroughly
ripened year after year for many years, and, though troubled with
thrip, free from that mildew which so often attacks these foreign
varieties. The former is easily known by its small bunch of
closely set medium sized berries. The latter has bunch and berry
larger than Sweetwater, and was imported direct from France.
We believe this to be true to name, but prefer not to positively
state such to be the case.

These very late ripening varieties are not mentioned with a
view of recommending them for cultivation, but merely to show
what care has effectf 1 in spite of the shortness of our season.

The following kinds, named somewhat in order of ripening, have
also been reported as giving greater or less satisfaction :

Cboton, Israella, Walter, Martha, Allen's Hybrid,
Senasqua, Northern Muscadine, Lindley (Rogers No. 9)^
Agawam (Rogers No. 15), Wilder (Rogers No. 4), Clinton,
Diana Hamburgh, Union Village, Diana.

For the detailed experience of one of our oldest grape growers,

see Canadian Illustrated News, March 27th, 1875.

Cherry, Red Dutch, Victoria, White Grape, Black Naples,
all do well in P. Q. as elsewhere.

Cherry brings the highest price per. gal, and under cultivation,
perhaps, per bush.

The great enemy of the English varieties is mildew. Near the
city of Montreal, and especially on the East Side, both on heavy
clay and on gravel by no means clayey, there are many spots free
from this trouble. Wo have seen Whitesmith, 30 years planted.

-which have never mildewed, (at least they certainly have not
<3uring last 22 years, and present occupant understands they did
not during the 8 years previous), these are still yielding good crops,
lower branches lying upon the gravelly ground. Green Ocean
was also doing well hero. On heavy clay we find Crown Bobs and
Whitesmiths, both yielding fine crops, on bushes both trimmed and
untrimraed ; — but after the worm has eaten the leaves, the fruit
often mildews.

This is one of the most profitable of fruits, bringing 60c. per
gal., and easily picked.

Of the American Seedlings, HOUGHTON flourishes everywhere,
and bears enormous crops of a fine flavored, but small berry, proof
against mildew (there are instances known of its having mildewed,
but these are indeed rare). One cultivator, at Ottawa, planting 4
ft. apart, each way, (or 2500 to the acre) and selling at 60c. per
gal., realized at rate of $1000 per acre. In Montreal, this small
berry is not very saleable, but it should be grown every where for
home use, and probably for local markets.

DOWNING, another American Seedling, is larger than Hough-
ton, and mildew proof; but its cultivation at Ottawa is being
given up because less productive.

RED.— RED ANTWERP is the general stand-by, though some
prefer FRANCONIA, FASTOLLF, or KNEVET'S GIANT.

CLARK, is well spoken of by a few ; we know the canes to be
perfectly hardy in dry gravelly soils, but, otherwise, will give no
warrant ; it suckers rather freely, but yields good crops of a large
and delicate flavored fruit,

WHITE.— BRINKLE'S ORANGE : A 1, for flavor and a heavy
cropper under good cultivation. Its canes are quite hardy
in dry gravelly soils, not over rich. Special inquiries of ours
found it hardy even on rich clay, and we are at a loss to account
for its tenderness south of us. However, in some rich soils, some
gardeners prefer to bend it down to bo covered with snow.

WHITE ANTWERP
above.

is not as general a favorite as the

GOLDEN THORNLESS has the growth, hardiness, texture of
berry and productiveness of the black cap family. It is not
reported on, but is doing well here, and, though of only second
quality, is valued for cooking, on account of its being such a heavy
cropper.

BLACK. — The black-caps are not as largely grown as they
should be, being thoroughly adapted to our climate, and enormous-
ly productive. The fruit is larger, more juicy and pulpy, and less
seedy than the wild, though not richer in flavor.

DOOLITTLE (American black-cap) is perfectly hardy, has
fine wild flavor, and, like all these black-caps, a profuse bearer.

MAMMOTH CLUSTER is not quite so hardy, but hardy enough
to bear heavily every year. In very rich soils it might prove
tender. Ripens one week later than Doolittle, and continues to
ripen for some time.

DAVIDSON'S THORNLESS is a very early and SENECA a
very late black-cap. These two last have not come in on our
reports, but a few plants here have proved hardy and productive ;
and in Minnesota they have both proved hardier than Mammoth
Cluster.

KITTATINNY, DORCHESTER, and LAWTON, have been
killed almost to the ground the last five years, even when covered
by a snow-drift.

EARLY WILSON, reported from Ottawa t.nd elsewhere as
much hardier. With us, it proved somewhat hardier, yet we do
not feel that we can recommend it. Still, if well pinched down,
and kept under the snow, enough might be left alive to bear a
moderate crop of this large and luscious fruit.

CLARET and CRYSTAL WHITE have proved worthless.

SABLE QUEEN, (large and late), seems, with us at least, as
hardy as early Wilson. HANCE, less so

'iM

WESTERN TRIUMPH. This we saw last year in the grounds-
of A. M. Purdy, Palmyra, N.Y. It was very productive, size of
Kittatinny, but a week earlier ; quality seemed very fine, but the
berry was too ripe to fully judge. This we did hope to be able to
recommend for trial, but information received from Minnesota
prevents cur doing so. It might do fairly on poor soils.

Thus we cannot recommend any kind even for trial.

WILSON'S ALBANY : " The " berry for market on account of
its productiveness and firmness of flesh ; one opinion to the con-
trary—one who has five acres at Quebec, on bituminous shale,
prefers JUCUNDA and BURR'S NEW PINE.

For home use, WILSON and TRIOMPHE DE GRAND are
generally preferred. Of others, TROLLOPE'S VICTORIA, AGRI-
CULTURIST, BLACK PRINCE and perhaps LENNING'S
WHITE, seem most thought of; the two latter, only on account
of their delicious flavor.

The work connected with this report has been such as welittlo
expected, and such as we will not venture again to undertake.
We have labored for the strictest accuracy.

The answers to our circulars were in many cases sadly faulty ;,
and continued correspondence was needed to get the exact infor-
mation required, except in Montreal, where we received our
information by word of mouth.

Every section has its own seedlingp. The fruit list of every
country is in part made up of its seedlings j a thorough examina-
tion into the merits of these would be of the greatest importance,
and would, doubtless, fill up many a blank in our fruit lists.
Such work can only be thoroughly done by County or Local
Associations such as our own. All our good seedlings would
then become candidates for honors, and we would feel the need of
a Provincial Fruit Growers' Association (such as our sister
Provinces of Ont. and N. S. have) to pronounce judgment and
to recommend for general cultivation.

To begin Huch work as this is hard ; to continue it, comparatively
<ja8y To continue it, we need the varied experiences of our fruit-
jrrowcrs continually brought before the public in our newspapers
and especially in regard to points in which the experience of
individuals differs from this report,-for,being a digest of opinions,
it must, in some points, materially differ from the actual experi-
ence of every one who reads It.

As a Local Association, we have done our duty, and hope that
all interested will do all they possibly can to continue the work
which wo, from the very necessity of the case, have made this
effort to begin.

N. COTTON FISK.

JOHN M. FISK.

JOSEPH ROACH.

CHARLES GIBB,

Corresponding Secretary.

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