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/ MOOCOTY RISOIUTION TIST CHART 
 
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 (ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No. 2) 
 
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 ^ ^PI='U^D liyi^GE Inc 
 
 ^ 1653 East Main Street 
 
 IS Roch«ster;' New York 14609 USA 
 
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 (716) 288 -5989 - Fox ' .. 
 

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 The Physiol MentaV and Moral 
 Evil of Tobacco. ' i 
 
 "Let U8 oleahse burBcilvea from -all filthin^BB of tbo tiesh 
 and Bpirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of God," 2 Cor. , 
 vii. 1. 
 
 ^^ Be ye clean that bear the vessels of the Lord." Isa. 
 
 lii..ll.. ■.. . _• •■ 
 
 tOB wbateyer U8fl|fee weed may baye been 
 intended, it i&^prtai'nly an unbecoming 
 associate of boliness. Tbe one is sweet/ 
 attractive and ennobling ; tb^ otber, foal, rej^al- 
 sive and degrading. Tbat wbich makes even tbe 
 bar-room filtby cani^ be conceived of as being 
 compatible witb a bign degree of moral purity, 
 and the Cbristian who touches it atonce«oils 
 iiis influence. Breaths thus tainted dp noi 
 impress -the penitent with .the sweetness of the 
 GospeU and a minister addicted to this evil has 
 reason to blush when he administers the em- 
 blems ojf the purest sacrifice ever known. 8um- 
 cient evidence against tobacco is found at once 
 in the fact that those who UBe| it never honestly 
 
 
 ■) -< 
 
TOBACCO. 
 
 %.■ 
 
 ] 
 
 , advise others to use it, but rather to shun it lest 
 they be ensnared by its strange fascination. 
 
 The analysis of tobacco as given by different^ 
 authorities varies spme'what, but all agree in 
 pronouncing it dangerously poisonous. Nature 
 testifies to this fact in her attempts to throw oflf 
 
 ' the enemy when first introduced into the system." 
 A "tolerance ■• of the poison may be finally 
 established, the system having adjusted itself, to 
 the new condition of afifairs; yet, says Dr. Steele, 
 after the three great eliminating organs— the 
 lungs, the skin and the kidneys— haye thrown 
 off a large quantity, much remains in tl|e system, 
 and a derangement of the function^ of the body 
 must ensue, in proportion to the excessive use of 
 the weed and the state of the constitution. The 
 prominent constitueritB are carbonid acid, car- 
 bonic oxide, and ammonia gases, carbon or soot, 
 and nicotine. The first produces drowsiness, 
 the second a tremor of muscles and heart, the 
 third dryness of the mouth and throat. Nicotine 
 is the most powerful poison, and is contained as 
 high as six per cent., enough being in One or 
 two good cigars to prduce death, if thrown 
 directly into the blood. A few drops of the oil 
 of tobacco will quickly despatch a dog, and 
 death has been known to result from the wrap- 
 
 :\"- 
 
 V "T^, 
 
 .-V 
 
•,M ■ 
 
 TOBAOOO. 
 
 8 
 
 ping of a few leaves around the body of a person, 
 for the purpose of smuggling tbem, the poison 
 having been absorbed in perspiration. The 
 testimony of a distinguished college of physicians 
 is that 20,000 people die annually in the United 
 States from the use of tobacco. Of the 70,000 
 lunatics in America, 16»000 were made insane 
 through using the weed. 
 
 Cigarettes are especially injurious. Dr. Moflfat 
 attributes in a large degree the diminutive size 
 of the Spaniards, Portuguese and Cubans to the 
 use of the cigarette ; the women and children 
 smoke excessively as 5 well as the men. The 
 cheap cigarette, so generally used among boys 
 in our towns and cities, is manufaoturfid from 
 culled ^naterial and refuse cigar stumps, quids, 
 etc., gathered from the streets and saloon floors, 
 where they have been thrown, perhaps, from the 
 most filthy mouths. Shocking ! 
 
 For the benefit of those who may not be 
 informed, we quote from* Dr. Richardson, an 
 acknowledged authority, a summing up of the 
 Varictus disturbances produced in different indi- 
 viduals and constitutions by smoking: "In the 
 blood it cflkuses undue fluidity, and change in the 
 red corpuscles ; in the stomach it gives rise to 
 debility, nausea and vomiting; in the naucous 
 
 .._/, 
 
 V 
 
 V:- 
 
4 TOBACCO. 
 
 membrane of the mouth it produoee enlargement 
 and sorenesB of the tonsilB— smoker's sore throat 
 — rednesB, drynees, and occasional peeling of the 
 membrane, and either unnatural firmness and 
 contraction or sponginess of the gums; and, 
 where the pipe rests oi\ the lips, oftentimes 
 'epithelial cancer'; in the heart it causes debility 
 of the organ, and irregular action ; m the bron- 
 chial surface of the lungs, when that is already 
 irritable, it sustains irritation, and increases the 
 cough ; in the organs of sense it produces dila- 
 tion of the pupils of the eye, confusion of vision, 
 bright lines, luminous or cobweb speakB, and 
 long retention'of images on the retina, with 
 analogous symptoms affecting the ear, viz., 
 inability to define sounds clearly, and the occur- 
 rence of a sharp, ringing noise like a whistle ; 
 in the brain it impairs the activity of the organ, 
 oppressing it if it be nourished, but soothing it 
 if it be exhausted ; it leads to paralysis in the 
 motor and sympathetic nerves, and to over- 
 secretion from the glands which the sympathetic 
 nerves control." Another eminent physician. 
 Dr. Shrew, enumerates eighty-seven distinct 
 diseases produced by this fatal " luxury." A 
 German periodical tells us that half thejoung 
 men who die from twenty to twenty-five years 
 of age are destroyed by the use of tobacco. 
 
• t • 
 
 i 
 
 • TOBACCO. 
 
 Probably in thin, as in wino bibbing, tbe strong 
 and healtby will soera to ciscapo entirely; be- 
 cfliusotbey live long, they seem to lose .sigbt of 
 the fact that they might have IWed longer. Some 
 of these die suddenly in the end, perhaps from 
 heart disease, when, if an exani»ination were 
 made, it would be found that the af!«ation of the 
 heart was induced by the use of the weed. Dr. 
 Solly, of London, tells of a man who had smoked 
 for thirty years without any apparent injury, 
 when, suddenly, he dropped dead, through nar- 
 cotism of the heart, caused by tobacco. The man 
 of active out-door habits will Buffer less than one 
 of sedentary occupation, but in any case the 
 poison will have its effect, and even though it be 
 small, yet are we not justified in thus tampering 
 with the candle of our life, simply for sensual 
 gratification. 
 
 No violation of nature's laws is without its 
 penalty, and that penalty must be pd>id. Do 
 you seem to escape ? Yet will the law of 
 heredity assert itself, and innocent offspring 
 suffer the consequence of youTsin. We believe 
 the chewing and smoking of many young 
 children is due to something other than a desire 
 to be like their fellows.- Depraved appetites 
 from birth have ruined thousands in the bijd* 
 
 ; 
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 6 
 
 TOBAOOO. 
 
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 Body, iptelleet, and soul are laid siege to by 
 oonstitutional weakness. 
 
 86 closely are the body and mind related that 
 the one sujBfers with the other. As to the effect 
 of tobacco on the mind, abundance of testimony 
 is given. A recent report of the superintendent 
 of public schools, of Piqua, Ohio, states that in 
 two grades of 78 boys from 12 to 16 years old» 
 31 habitually smoked cigarettes, and only seven* 
 could say they had never smoked. Of 96 boys 
 from 10 to 12, there were 68 smokers, and in 
 the primary sqhools, of boys from 6 to 10^ 40 
 per cent, smoked; in the A. B. 0. class many 
 had begun ihe practice. Close ^bservAnce of 
 these and siihilar pchdols air over bur land has 
 justified the remark, that the best scholars are 
 not tobacco users. A professor in one of our 
 Ontario colleges said that te could tell every 
 smoker in his classes, by thp effort it cost them 
 to solve meiiliil problems. In -the Polyt^hnio 
 Bciibol of Pajris, the pupils wjere divided into two 
 classes, smbkers and non-smokers. The latter 
 not only excelled in their entrance examinations, 
 but throughout the whole course of study. So 
 long ago as 1868, in consequence of these results, 
 the Minister of Public Instiruction forbade the 
 use of tobacco by the pupils. In the United 
 
 -. ) 
 
■;'f: 
 
 -. ) 
 
 ' TOBACCO, y^ * 
 
 States, naval and military academies are lifting 
 np their voice, and adopting the prohibition 
 principle. Dr. Gihon. medical director of the 
 Naval Academy at Annapolis, in his report for 
 lai^ Bays : "The most important matter in the 
 health history of the students is that relating to 
 tobapco, and its interdiction is absolutely essen- 
 tial to their future health and usefulness. In 
 this view I have been sustained by my colleagues, 
 and all sanitarians in civil and military' life 
 whose views I have been able to obtiin." Other 
 schools and colleges are attaining unto like 
 opinions, and the weed is ))eing made war against 
 as an enemy of man's physical aiid intellectual 
 
 interests. 
 
 Furthermore, it is found that this evil is a 
 co-worker with alcohol. We denominate it the 
 right hand supporter of the liquor traffic. True, 
 some use tobacco who do not drink, , yet there 
 are few who drink that are not addicted to the 
 use of the weed, in some form. Thcpsands of 
 young people make this the starting point to a 
 drunkard's career. The ammonia causes dry- 
 ness, irritation and thirst, which calls for drink. 
 Dr. G. Decaisne,^ on examining 38 boyJB between 
 the ages of 9 and X5, who were smokers, found 
 in 22 of them a strdng craving for alcoholic 
 
 -^m^-- 
 
8 
 
 TOBAOOQ, 
 
 fltimulants ; this ceased upon the disbontinti' , 
 ance of their bad habit. Tobacco is without 
 doubt the primary cause of much drunken- 
 ness. Out of 600 prisoners confined in the 
 State Prison in Auburn, N. Y/, for crimes com- 
 mitted when under th,e influence of strong 
 drink, 500 of them testified that they began 
 their intemperance by thJB use of tobacco. 
 Liquor dealers are not slow to perceive this, and 
 to keep a supply of cigars to catch the barely 
 initiated wine-bibber. The cigar does its work 
 ^jbn one side of the bar, and the money paid for 
 it helps to fill the cask on the other. Thus it 
 becomes no weak supporter of King Alcohol. 
 
 Accepting these facts, as we must, one may 
 well enquire, Whai honest man can continue the 
 use of the weed? And yet in the Christian 
 Church thousands on thousands-r-even ministers 
 of the Gospel— are found smoking, and chewing 
 as though the thing were perfectly, harmless. 
 They oppose the liquor business, and at the same 
 time encourage its recruiting officer, that is, they 
 help God with one hand/ and the devil with the 
 other. While we denounce the imbiber, the 
 dealer, and the legislator, ought we not to shake 
 our garments of every influence that would in 
 the least savor of the bar-room ? If we cannot. 
 
 
 «3. 
 
tOBAOOO. 
 
 9 
 
 • • 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 how much t6 be pitied is that poor man who 
 once stood on the bar-room floor, politely saying, 
 " 1 don't drink, but will take a cigar," but who . 
 has gone on from bad to worse until he now lies 
 in the gutter! Think of a Christian tobacco 
 user saying, "The drunkard could quit- if he 
 would." Man! If yo^ cannot break off the 
 disease in its infancy, what can you expect of 
 him who is bound with the double chain ? In 
 trying to help these unfortunates, and to over- 
 throw the stronghold of darkness, we need to 
 divest ourselves of every encumbrance. It be-, 
 comes the duty of every parent, 6very teacher of 
 the youth, every instructor of themasseSj to set 
 himself against the spread of this evil, and use 
 every means for its extincti^p. 
 
 That which is denounced by military schools 
 and men of secular enterprise, as being opposed 
 to national interests^aiS>enemy of body and in- 
 tellect— surely demands a greater consideration 
 by the leader of all moral enterprises— "the 
 Church." If the influence of the weed be 
 deteriorating to an alarming extent in the former 
 case, much more must it be regarded as opposed 
 to the finer interests of the soul. The Rev. 
 Francis Close, D.D., lafeDean of Carlisle, says: 
 "Evidence arises everyday which convinces one 
 
 «3. 
 
X 
 
 \, 
 
 'i: 
 
 \ - ;. 
 
 10 
 
 TOBACCO. 
 
 
 more and more that the prevelant use of tobacco, 
 eBpecially by the younger portion of the com- 
 munity, is destroying the physical stamina of our 
 country, stripping youth of its bloom and beauty, 
 and manhood of its virility, with a reflex in- 
 fluence on nwrali which is truly deplorable." 
 
 It is gratifying to see the open ptand taken by 
 some of our Conferences this year. The Niagara 
 Conference of the Methodist Church spoke as. 
 follows : *' This Conference desires to discounten- 
 ance theuse^^io^cco, and urges upon all our 
 ministerS^^^fmeWbers strongly to discourage its 
 use in the community." The Toronto Conference 
 said, "We deprecate in any of our members the 
 use of tobacco, j^bich is not only disgustmg and 
 harmful to the individual, but alsoi)re8ents an 
 example which, w^ien followed by the young, « 
 operates to their serious physical, moral, and 
 spiritual injury/ We submit for the earnest 
 consideration of those connected with our 
 Church, who are engaged in the sale of tobacco, 
 whether the time has not come when it should 
 -<^e discarded from theur stock of merchandise." 
 This is as it s^uld be^ /:■■.'■:■::.... ^^^y-' '■■'2^^^ 
 
 Were John Wesley living to-day, it is not im- 
 probable that he would not only retain those 
 rules relating to drink, and those much un- 
 
 
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 % 
 
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 •\^ 
 
 TOBAOOO. 
 
 -^ 
 
 11 
 
 obseryed ones concerning "dress/V but also 
 earnestly advise abstinence from tobacco as one 
 of the conditions of membership. One thing is 
 certain, much more can ariipught to be said 
 throughout our societies directly to this point. 
 Mere advice won't do. It ip time that the Church 
 was purified from an influence so contrary to 
 temperance principles, so opposite to Qospel 
 purity. As long as Christian ministers, class 
 leaders^ Sabbath-school superintendents and 
 teachers " smoke until the world is blue, and 
 their theology is blue, and everything is blue," 
 may not the world look up and say, ''Thou that 
 teachest a man should not steal, dost thou 
 steal?" In order that our preaching be most 
 effective, it is necessary that we preach by ex- 
 ample as well as by precept. We know of strong 
 men, the influence of whose teaching is rendered 
 weak as to these points, simply because theiy 
 practice does, not hari^onize with their precept. 
 The candidate at the bar ofM^lpnference, the 
 child in t^e Sunday-school, and the sinner in 
 the street, loses confidence in them. 
 
 We know of^Bome who are so conBcioUB of 
 this fact, tfiat to appear more consistent they 
 refrain frotn teacWug at all along this line. 
 One of our best Sabbatjh-school superintendents 
 
 M-4 
 
 , • ..o i»- . 
 
A: 
 
 *^ 
 
 12 
 
 TOBAOOO. 
 
 objected to the circulation of a mild temperance 
 pledge^ drawn up by the lady teachers, on these 
 very grounds. Tobacco was mentioned ; he used 
 it, and felt that to present it under the circum- 
 stances would be as " sounding brass,'* etc. A 
 little boy when advised by his smoking father, 
 inijocently replied: "If it's wrong for boys to 
 smoke, isn't it worse for a man, father ? " Surely 
 it is. On him who stands at the helm of affairia 
 devolves the greater responsibility. Children 
 look to their parents, scholars to their teachers, 
 the Church to her ministry, atid the world to the 
 Church. Our example should be such that when 
 we condemn any evil, we may say, "Follow 
 thou me." ^— 
 
 Some have spoken of this habit as a Weight,, 
 carefully avoiding to call it a sin. We are per^ 
 Buaded that if any use it as a luxury, without 
 being convinced of sin, it is through lack of 
 proper investigation. How far these are 
 accountable for not arriving at such an investi^ 
 gation, we will leave a higher power to judge. 
 Some do not M?ti/M% stop short of the truth. 
 Let us suppose for a moment that to you, dear 
 brother, it is not even a weight, as you call it ; 
 yet what about that weak brother that is stum- 
 bling over your example? ** Take heed lest by 
 
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 TOBAOOO. 
 
 18 
 
 aiay means this liberty of yourg become a stum* 
 bling-block to them thaiare weak.'* *• When ye 
 sin so against the weak brethren, and woutid 
 their weak conscience, ye sin against Christ. 
 1 Cor. viii. 12. ''Wherefore,** saith the apostle, 
 "if meat make my brother to offend, I will eat 
 no flesh while the world standeth, lest I make 
 my brother to offend." The principle laid down 
 here is onf that should run through all our 
 Christian life. It more than meets the case in 
 hand; for the apostle is speaking of that which 
 to him personally was no evil, while as to 
 tobacco, we are .unanimous in admitting that it 
 is at least a weight. Now, if the former could 
 be construed into a sin, much jmore the latter. 
 Moreover, the term weight here means sin. 
 Beader, if you use or sell tobacco/ try yourself by 
 this principle. The whiskey-sJUer is ja stum- 
 bling-block over which weak ones stum]bi^e into 
 hell ; /the man whp sells tobwco is as surely 
 guilty. Does any one ask to /what extent his 
 influence is harmful to others ?| We cannot tell. 
 Your neighbor is influenced 'by you, and he 
 influences some one else in turn, and that 
 influence will not stop at your death, but roll on 
 down through the centuries. Judgment alone 
 will reveal the Mrm done. Brother, stop and 
 
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 14 
 
 TOBAOOO. 
 
 think! "P^Btroy not him with thy meat for 
 whom Christ died." 
 
 The magnitude of this evil is not arrived at 
 until we consider its expensiveness ; even then 
 its enormity doth not fully appear. The con- 
 sumption of tohacco, it is said, costs the world 
 annually over |1, 000,000,000. Judging from 
 some statistics, the probabilities are that the 
 actual amount does much exceed the round 
 numbers here given. At least one-half of this 
 is used on this side of the Atlantic. One tobacco 
 firm in New Orleans turns out of a particular 
 brand 10,000 0igars daily/ ^ 
 
 Money speit in this way is given away 
 by littles, and is scarcely" missed, but in a few 
 years an enormous sum has been expended, even 
 a fortune. An estimate, taken from a work by 
 Bev. Albert Sims, is as foUowa: "One cigar per 
 day, at five cents, would, at 7 per cent., compound 
 interest, amount in ten years to $252.16, in 
 twenty years to $748.16, in thirty years to 
 $1,084." Many use much more costly cigars, and 
 as'manyasfive and six per day. Thus the people 
 are squandering hundreds of millions each year, 
 while the whole Protestant world gives annually 
 only $9,000,000 to the mission cause. 
 
 The Church is not guilty of all this waste, yet 
 
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TOBAOOO. 
 
 16 
 
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 V 
 
 she ii culpable for the influence by which she 
 Hcenses the waste. How many classes have we 
 that can lift up innocent hands ? The filth is at 
 our fireside, its fumes pollute the prayer circle, its 
 stench is in the choir, its stains are on the steps 
 to the sacred desk. A young man being remon- 
 strated with by his father for the use of the 
 weed, said, " It certainly can't be wrong., to use 
 tobacco, for Bro. Blank uses it, and I don't be- 
 Ueve he would do wrong." Bro. Blank was the 
 presiding elder on that district. How sad I 
 
 Our cash outlay, say nothing of the influence, 
 is sufficient to bring the blush to every cheek. 
 Personally, we are acquainted with classes that 
 spend from $150 to $200 a yeir ; their minister 
 is barely supported, and the cause of missions 
 " wholly neglected. Some use it still more exces- 
 sively. A certain Christian merchant confessed 
 that his tobacco expenditute would, in forty years 
 at compound interest, amount to $80,000. ^He 
 looked to God for help, and qu^t. Sammy Hick, 
 on seeing how happy a poor woman was made 
 by a sixpence, said to himself, "Alas! How 
 many sixpences I have spent for tobacco !" He 
 resolves never a^iain to spend his money thus. 
 In his sermoi^^ tobacco and opium, Dr. Tal- 
 mage says: "PuTthtomy hand aU the money 
 
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 16 
 
 TOB4000. 
 
 .pent by ChriBtian men in Brooklyn for UM 
 and 1 wiU Bupport three orphan aeylums as weU 
 and a. grandly as the thre* great o'P*"" ""y'"™ 
 "ready eBtabliehed. Put into my hand the 
 money >pent by the Chrietiane of America for 
 
 the Buffe^g poor of the contment. It « a h^ 
 that as a^hurch y,e spend at Teast two or three- 
 million doUars more for tobacco thWLfor the ex- 
 tension of the Gospel. The lowest estimate .« 
 $6,000,000 for tobacco; the highest for missions. 
 $8 000 000. Ah. yes. we are guilty. I» deface 
 SiZe things we ask. Is it a small matter that 
 we give this thing place among us? 
 
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