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DAWSON, C.M.(J., LL.D., F.R.S., Dihector CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PALEONTOLOGY VOLUME II. fA-RT II. CANADIA>J FOSSIL INSECTS SAMUEL H. SCUDDER 4. Additions to the Coleopterous fauna of the interglacial days of the Toronto district. With an Appendix by A D. Hopkins on the Scolytid borings from the same deposits. OTTAWA PRINTED BY S. E. DAWSOX, PRINTER TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY 1900 The present publication forms the second part of Volume 11., "Contri- butions to Canfidiiin Palii'cntology." It consists of a rejmrt l)y Dr. S. II. Scudder of Cambridge, .Mass., upon the Coleoptcra of the interj,'lacial beds of the %icinity of Toronto, to which is added an appendix by Dr. A. P. Hopkins of Morgantown, W. Va., on Scolytid borings from the same deposits. The Survey is greatly indebted to both of these gentlemen for their gratuitous work upon this contribution to the literature of fossil ento- mology. GEORGE M. DAWSON. GEOLOr.ICAL HURVEV OF CANADA, Ottawa, December, 1900. I GKOI/)GICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PALJ:()NT<»L()(JV CANADIAN FOS.SiL lis' SECTS. By Samuel H. Souddkr. 4. Adclilions to th". Coliopteroiis fauna of the interglaciul c/ni/s of the Toronto district. With an Appendix by A. D. Hopkins on the Scolytid horiiujn from the. Miinn deposits. Th(' (leourronce of insect rmimins in interglaciul beds at Scarborough, Ontario, was first made known l)y Ilinde in 1S77* and a couple t)f species of Carabidac found in them by him were dp.scribecl by me in the samt> year.f Later additions to the fauna, due to the eHbrts of Dr. Ilin<><'') : I'f"'^^- '*"«*■ Soc- Nat. Jlist, .\xiv, -107-408 (ISIH)) ; Tort. Ins. N.A., i)assi: , , i. I (IHiHt). § The ColcoptiTa liithfito fuun^ fossil in Canada, 27-50, pi. 2-3 (18i)2). II See his paiHTs in .Vnier. (ieol., XIII, H.V.).") |1.S!I4)! Jdurn. (iecl. Ill, 022-04,5 (1895); and iJull. (teol. Si)C. Ainer., X, 10.") 170 (18!t'.)); as well as the Reports of the Committee on Canadian Pleistoeenf Flora and Fauna (.\. P. Coleman, Secretary) in the Ke|)orts Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sc, for 1898, 1899 and 1900. Sc— 1 G8 rONTimiUTIONH TO CANAttlAN I'AI..V,()NTOM)(IV. diHC.vered, us oxtinct f.n-.r.H. Th.- niunhM,- „f know,, iatnglaci.il forms is thfiiol.y mud, mora tl,.,„ dcuhl.-d, fnv it ,ni.s..s tl,.- total oumlM-r to«.v,.nty- «ix h.>loMKi„K to thiity-thm) .liffen-tit ge.iem and M^l.t fainilirs of which the followini,' is a oom|)lpto list ; (I II II II II II CAKAiirDAi; (MO sp., gon.) Elajihriis irmgn/nriii. Loriri'ra gfncla/in. " liifom. " fxifn. Kehrin f.itrnrta. Bemhidiii in (/hvuatitm. fragiituntum. /idi/irartli, vextiyiitin. vanum. prneturitum. e.rplntiim. " rlinnnoHiiin. Pctvohus gphtiii.i. " di'Cr.isK.i. " frigklus. Ptcrostichu^ ahrognfim. " dor mi tans. " aeslituhin. " frnvtua. ■' tffinfriirhts. ge/idun. de/iletiis. Radiiitei' antpriirxor, Platynua canun. " hindei. " halll. " disnipntiis. " dt;suefiin. " harttii. " dUa])irf ridichod* l»y tli«) study of tliose Hrst ol)tain<>(l. All coinn from Uio hhiii*' liori/.ori mid stn'eral uro found in more than one locHJity, hut nonu of tho elytra from th« Don Valley, where tho oth(M' rciiiiuriN itulii'iito a waniKfr ('liiriatt' than the [)rosont, were doterminahle. Tlio C-oli'optora from thin Suarlidniugli hori/ori indicato a climate cloHoly reHOinhlinK that of Ontario to-day, or perhap.s a Hiiglitly colder one, a coiiKidciahlo proportion ttf their present allies heinj^ known from a more northern haliitnt. Nevertheless a f<'w of the speeiijs ho- lon^inj,' to the present additions to the fauna find i.ieir apparently nearest allieu in southern forma ; these are, however, so few as to su>?){*''*'' '''^ prohability of a mistaken referenee in these ciisfs. One cannot fail, also, to notice that a lai'^e iiumUer of the allies of liie inter;,'laci,'il forms are recorded from the Pacific coast. Takinj; the case as it stands, I can only repeat as a final conclusion what I said before, that on the whole, the fauna lias a boreal aspect, though by no means so decidedly boreal as one would anticipate under the circumstances. The Scolytid boiings, the last species of the list, were recently placed in the hands of Dr. A. P. Hofikins, of Morgantown, W. Va., who is more conversant with American Scolytidae and their work than any oth' r of our naturalists, and he has given me the results of his examination of them, which appear as an Appendix to this paper, illustrated by two plates drawn or [)hotographed Ijy him. He gives a closer determination of the atlinities of the insect which made t.he borings than 1 could do, as I was unable to make a definite generic reference. In conclusion, I must express my indebtedness to Mr. Samuel Ilenshaw of Cambridge, who has kindly given nie the statistics of the distribution of the existing beetles with which I have compai-ed the fossils, and through whom I have had access to the LeConte collection of Coleoptera in the Museum of Comparative Zoology for purpd^es of comparison, — an invalu- able opportunity ; and to Professor J. W. Folsom of Antioch College, who, when living in Cambridge, made for me a preliminary comparison of most of the fossils with the same extensive museum series a' gi-eat pains and expense of time and witii much enthusiasm, thus greatly lightening my final work ; I am glad to be able to add that his determinations in nearly all cases agreed very closely with my own, and rendered the accu- racy of what may be regarded as in some sense our joint work more probable. * Seo p. 28 of tho jireaent voluuif. Sc-lJ "^^ CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PALAEONTOLOGY. Carauidae. Loricera exita ap. nov. PI. VI., Fig. 1. Represented by a single nearly complete elytron, the central portion obscured by clay which will aot bear removal without injury to the specimen. The huraeius is very gently rounded, and there are seven rather deeply impressed, very feebly punctate striw, with the intervals nearly flat ; the whole is of a dead black colour. It comes near L. 10. punctata Esch., but the strife are less heavily punctate than in any of our species of Loricera; the fourth interval shows, just before the place where it is obscured by clay, signs of a cross-line connecting the third and fourth striip, such as is found in /.. lO-punctata, but this is not shown in the figure. The length of the fragment is 3-2 ■>"■', and its breadth 1-55 ■""' ; the prol)able length of the elytron is ;3-8 """. One specimen: No. 16813, Scarborough. L. 10-punctata is found on the Pacific Coast from Alaska to Cali- fornia. Nebria abstracta sp. nov. PI. VI., Fig. 2. The basal half of an elytron represents a soecies of Nebria allied to N. carbonaria Esch. It is piceous, with well rounded humerus, a brief humeral stria and sevan well impressed, distinctly punctate striie, besides the marginal stria, with fewer but stout puncta ; the intervals are nearly flat. It diflers from N. carbonaria, to which it is closely allied, by its slightly smaller size, the more pronounced puncta of the marginal stria near the shoulder, the rather flatter intervals, and the more pronounced punctuation of the stri* generally. The length of the fragment is 2-6™", its breadtM 1-G -■" ; the p.obable length of the elytron is 5-5 ■-. One specimen : No. 16805, Reservoir Park, Toronto. iV. Icarbonaria is known only from Alaska. ^^ Bembidium haywardi sp. nov. PI. VI., Fig. 3. A single complete elytron represents a species apparently falling in the coxendix group and of slender form. The humerus is rounded subangu- late, rather than rounded as appears in the flgure (due to the point of view from which it was drawn), the stri* are entire though obscure at >] CANADIAN FOSSIL INSECTS. 71 al poi'tion jury to the i are seven ' intervals ear L. JO. any of oar lace where and fourth vn in the I 1-55 """ ; a to Cali- I. allied to s, a brief e, besides re nearly d, by its ;inal stria onounct'd gment is the very apex, the third interval as wide as the others, and with two small dorsal punctures, one a little behind the middle, the other about one-fourth from apex, neither shown in the drawing. It seems to be most nearly allied to B. scidpturatum Motsch., but is a iittle smaller and slenderer, the strise a little less impressed, the puncta more delicate, and the intervals a little less convex. It measures -t""" in length by 1 """ in breadth. One specimen: No. 1G794, Logan's brickyard, Toronto. B. nmMurc-ain was described from Alaska, and according to tlayward, occurs iwso in California. The species is named for Mr. Roland Hayward, whose careful revision of the American species of Bembidium has been of much service in the study of these fossils. Bembidium vestigium sp. nov. Pi. VI., Fig \. Represented by the larger and proximal part of an elytron, piceous, with subangulate humerus, well impressed and lathcr delicately punctate striie and flattened intervals, the third interval of a similar width to the others and showing a single dorsal puncture, not given in the drawing, just before the fracture, or obably distinctly beyond the middle of the elytron. It appears to be .. ,jt nearly allied to B. rohxudcoUe Hnyw., the flatness of the intervals, the impression of the striie and their punctu- ation l)eing very much as in that species, besides being of about the same size; but the first dorsal puncture lies further back, and the first three stria- are more deeply impressed than the others, while all are alike in the existing si)ecies. The length of the fragment is 3-2 """, and the probable length of the elytron 5 """ ; its breadth 1 •') """. One specimen : No. 10808, Scarborough. B. rubaJtiroUe is reported from Michigan, Iowa and Kansas. ng in the subangu- I point of bscure at Bembidium vanum ^p. nov. PI. VI., Fig. 5. Represented by two elytra, neither quite perfect, one lacking the distal fourth, the other being a little broken both at base and apex : apparently with the two preceding belonging to one group. The humerus is hardly subangulate but strongly rounded, the strise not very deeply impressed, but soinowhat heavily punctate, the intervals nearly flat ; the third interval is of similar width to the others and shows the first dorsal 72 CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PALAEONTOLOGY. puncture not ^iven in th. figure, di.stinctly before the middle of the elytron ; tl,e second cannot be seen on either specimen from the irregular- ity ot the .surface. Both .lytra are piceous and appear of rather tenuou.s structure. The .species seems to fall near B. cumdlr Sav, but is a little larger, and has a little less deeply impresse.l stri.. though equally heavily punctate, and the first dorsal puncture is further forwarrl. The better T^TT ""'■'.'"? "■' • '" ^'""^ ''^"'^ '^'' ^^'"''^ '^^y''^^ ^-« probably 0-6 •^"" long ; Its breadth 1-2 """. ^ Two .specimens : No. 1G795 from Scarborough ; and No. 1G807 from Keservoir Park, Toronto. Hayward states that B. co.vendh- occurs in Manitoba, Lake Superior Illinois, Nebraska, Kansas, Colorado, New Mexico and Texas. Bembidium praeteritiim sp. nov. PI. VI., Fig. G. A single elytron, broken at the apex, represents a small and slender spec.es with rounded humeru.s, moderately impressed and rather heavily punctate st r,a., tolerably fiat intervals and with two punctures in the third stna It appears to be rather near B. longnhun LeC, but is considerably smaller, with ess deeply impressed stride, considerably coarser punctures, flatter interva .^ and the dorsal punctures differently placed, being a trifle less than oae-third an.l two-thirds from base. I find no existing species that appears to come nearer to it. The length of the fragment is "1 - and the probable length of the elytron 3 ' ; its breadth 0-8 ■""'. One specimen: No. 1G828. Scarborough. B. longuhuu is said by Hayward to occur in the Lake Superior recion the moiinytinous parts of W yondng, Colorado ami I'tah, and in Califor' ma and Washington. Bembidium expletum sp. no\-. PI. VII, Fig. 1. The larger portion of a much broken elytron indicates a species of about the same size as, or slightly larger than, B. planatum LeC, to which it appears to be most nearly allied. It has very delicately impressed, deli- cately and feebly punctate stria, and flat intervals, with a dorsal puncture on the third striae (not shown in the figure) just before the end of the fragment, further back than in B. planatum. and not so pronounced ■ the punctuation of the stria> is a trifle more distinct, and the stria> are'simi larly impressed throughout, and not more pronounced in the proxima •] CANADIAN FOSSIL INSECTS. 73 half of the elytra, as appears to be the case in B. planahim, at least on the first three stria;. The length of the fragment is 3-1""", indicating an elytron about 5T' long : breadth 1 -7""". One speci'^«6 ; No. 1G812, Reservoir Park, Toronto. B. pit- .\ 'i' t occurs, according to Hay ward, in tht- Lake Superior region, the Rockv ,'ountains as far south as Colorado, and in Nevada, Oregon, Washington and British Columbia. Beinbidium damnosum sp. nov. PI. VII, Fig. .5. A nearly perfect but rather poorly preserved elytron represents a small species with rounded humeri, which appears to approach rather closely B. comphuiuhun Mann., having similar tlatness of intervals and much the same striation, though with feeblest signs of any punctuation ; only one dorsal puncture can be made out on the third stria, not shown in the figure, and that is at the middle of the elytron. The length of the elytron as preserved is 2-5'°"' ; it must have measured about 2-7""", and the breadth is 0-9""". One specimen ; No. 1GS-J7, Scarborough. B. '■oinplJnu/ inn is said by Hay ward to occur "on the Pacific coast from Ala^a to California, extending eastward to the Rocky Mountains." Patrobus decessus sp. nov. PI. VII, Fig. 4. A number of specimens of the elytra of this species have been found, none of them perfect, though some nearly so ; one with the best surface, though more imperfect than some of the others, was chosen for drawing. The elytra are piceous, about three times as long as broad, with well rounded humeri, tlat intervals, delicate but sharply defined punctate striic, the punctures distinct but delicate, and a sutural stria more than as long as the breadth of the elytra. They appear to represent a species of Patrobus allied to P. rugicollin Rand., but a little smaller and with more distinct punctures, though the.se are somewhat exaggerated in the drawing; the intervals are also flatter, and the surface is more glistening. Length of most perfect specimen 5-25"""; breadth, 1-75""". Ten specimens: Nos. 16782, 16783, 16787, 16788, 167S1, Reservoir Park, Toronto; Nos. 16784-16786, 16789, 16790, Scarborough. P. rugicjoUis is found in Canada, New England, New York and Penn- sylvaniflsj 74 rONTRIDUTIOXS TO CANADIAN PALAEONTOLOGY. Patrobus frigidus sp. nov. PI. VII, Fig. 6. A nearly complete elytron with only the tip broken represents appa- rently another speci.s of Patrobus, in which the elytron is abou tlTe tunes as long as broad, dark chocolate brown, profusely and ,lu 1 punctate t rouglu.ut with pallid dots having a reddish tin'ge, t e hlert w II rounded the stria- well defined but not deeply impessed, t e obscurely and minutely impresso-punctate, the intervals faintly on el It does not appear to be very close to any of our living species, but nZZ per aps to I, m.^ollis Hand.; th. convexity of thelntlval is muT m that species, as is also the punctuation of the stria-, but this is a itt" :::j;r~' ': ''^ ''^"' ^''-^ '^ ''- ^ ""^« smaHer tha i rjujiconi^, the profuse punctuation in th.- colourini? is ovit.. r,. i- Le^th of fragment. .....^ length of restored el^: ^^ol^ C:!;:: One specimen : No. 16793, Reservoir Park, Toronto. Pterostichus abrogatus. /V..W.-C/.. af^rogatus «cudd., Tert. Ins. N.A., 525, pl. ,, fig. 39 (1890) and No. I G/ M from Reservoir Park, Toronto. ' Pterostichus dormitans. Pf'^rosflr,.usdormitans^cndd.,Ten. Ins. .N.A., 526, pi. ,, fi.s 49 55 (1890), >*•*», 00 The original locality for this specie rough. fi me». No. ,680.. U „„w ,„„,.d ,a ^l":,:.™"^'"*"''. °^'° : • »P«i- Pterostichus fractus. Pterostichu.fractns 8cudd., Tert. Ins. N.A., 527, pi. ,, fig^ 09 gn (1S90). ^ ' ^^ An additional specimen. No. 16792, was found at Scarborough. Pterostichus destructus. Pterostickus destructus Scudd., Tert. Ins. N. A.. 527, pi. ,, fig. 46 (1890) An add itiorid specimen No Ifmm ^ s-*"^ioJu;. Reservoir Park, Toronto ' " '*"°"^' *^« •"^^--' f™- 9CUUDER.] CANADIAN FOSSIL INSECTS. 75 Pterostichus depletus sp. nov. PI, VII., Fig, 3. A slender elytron, of which the apical thinl is gone, represents, appar- ently, a species of Pterost.chus near P. hudsonicus LeC. The ei^ht striie are delicately impressed and very Anely punctate, the intervals flat and the sutural stria meets the first, from which it is rather narrowly separated, at a distance equal to less than half the basal width of the elytron. It is of a dead black colour, more so than /'. hndnonicu.% and it farther differs from that species in that all the stria' are equally impressed, instead of having the lateral striiv subobsolete. The length of the pre- served portion is 2 •65""", indicating an elytron about 4""» long ; and its width is 1-5"'"'. One specimen : No. 16809, Scarborough. Badister antecursor sp. nov. PI. VII., Fig. 2. All but the apical fourth is preserved of an elytron which is, or was, a little more than two and a half times as long as broad, with eight well impressed impunctate d-.rsal striiv, besides two deeply impressed striiv on the deflexed marginal portion, closely approximate, the ninth with acouple of puncta well separated ; the humerus is strongly rounded, and between the first and second striu' at the base, is a supplementary stria, subcon- tinuous with the distal portion of the first stria, and more than half as long as the width of the elytron ; a single one of the dorsal puncta of the third interval may be seen at about one third the distance from the apex of the elytron, but is not shown in the figure ; the intervals are flat and show an irregular, exceedingly fine cross striation. It seems to be nearly allied to B. anthracinus LeC: but is sligiitly smaller, not so piceous, the striae more sharply defined but yet not so deep, and it diflers further in the character of the supplementary stria and the cross striation. The fragment measures 3"'"' in length ; the elytron was probably a^""" long, .<.nd is 1-3.0'"" in breadth. One specimen ; No. 16817, Logan's brickyard, Toronto. B. anthracinus is founc' in California, Oregcm and Vancouver Island. Platynus exterminatus sp. nov. PI. VIII., Fig. 3. A single elytron with the apical fourth lost represents a species closely allied to /-•. pusillus LeC. The striie are deepiy impressed and very feebly 76 CONTRIBV^IONS TO CANADIAN PALiEONTOLOGY. punctate, the sutural s-tria of niodeiate Icngtli, running from the base of the second stria to the tirst and about as long as half the basal breadth of the elytron, the puncta of the proximal part of the marginal stria pro- nounced ; the intervals are shallowly convex. In shape, striation and punctuation it much resembles /'. pvnillus, but it is piceous, the punctua- tion is slighter, while the marginal puncta are more pronounced, the in- tervals arc flatter, and the sutural stria is ((uite different. The length of the fragment is 3.1""", its breadth 1"'"', and the probable length of the elytron 4""'. One specimen : No. 1CS03, Scarborough. P. piixlllits occurs iu Canada, New England, Illinois and ^Missouri. V Platynus interglacialis sp. no v. PI. vni, Fig. 2. The basal half or thereabouts of an elytron is all that remain." of this .species. It shows a piceous Hat field wilh delicately impres.'-t-d impunctate stria', a moderate free sutural stria, and tlie tirst stria arising ..lose to the base of the second. It is perhaps nearest, though not very close, to P. moerentt Dej., but it is a smaller species, the elytra probably not above 5'""' long, of a more delicate texture and of adifl'erent colour. The length of the fragment is 3""", and the width of the elytron I'S'"™. One specimen : No. 16773, Scarborough. P. inoeJeits is reported froin Canada, New York, Pennsylvania and LouisiarUl. Platynus interitus sp. nov. PI. VIII, Fig. 4. A bronze-green imperfect elytron preserves all the basal parts and shows ei"ht strongly impressed impunctate stria' on a flat ground, the .sixth to eighth striiv not reaching the base, the first stria bent angularly to make -oom for the sutural stria and arising not far from the base of the Svicona stria: the sutural stria is short and likewise does not reach the base. It seems to be intimately allied to /'. r.uprniA Dej., differing mainly in the arrangement of parts about the sutural stria, which is widely separated basally from the first stria ; it has not the cupreous colour of spi'cimens of P. cupreus from Hudson P)ay Territory, but agrees very nearly in colour with specimens from r.ake Superior described as /'. pro- tracins by LeConte. I am inclined to believe the fo,s.>^il distinct. The fragment is 3 •6""" long, and 1-7""" broad; the complete elytron would probably be 5"™ long. 1 tlio base of il breadth of lal stria pro- tiiiiticn and ;he punctua- nced, the in- The length e length of lissouri. -] CANADIAN FOSSIL IVSECTS. 77 nains of this d injpunctate I ^lose to the close, to P. y not above The length sylvania and al parts and , ground, the ent angularly Q the base of not reach the fering mtainly cli is widely ous colour of I agrees very ed as /'. pro- listinct. The slytron would On( P Nebra > specimen ; No uipr/ns is regit iskn, Kansas, C No. 1G771, Reservoir Park, Toronto, istered from Lake Superior, Michigan, Minnesota, olorado, Wyoming and Nevada. Platynus longaevus sp. no v. PI. VIII, Fig. 1. This is a similar fragment to the List and is also most nearly allied to P. cajn-eiuf Dej. It shows similar impunctate striio on a Hat field, but the striif are less deeply impressed than in the last species and thi> colour is piceous ; the sutural stria is moderate and scarcely iiiteferes with the basal course of the tlrst .stria, which at base is midway between the sutural stria and the second. The elytron is considerably slenderer than in P. cupreus, has a longer sutural stria and is of a different colour. The length of the t'ra.'ineiit is 4-7ry"'", and the probable length of the eltyron J-L*""" its breadth. 175'""'. One specimen : No. 16772, Scarborough. Platynus halli. Platynus halli Scudd., Tert. Ins. N. A., 520-521, pi. i., fig. 41 (1890.) Several more specimens of this species have been found : Two, Nos. 10)77 1, 10770. from Scarborough : and two, Nos. 16777, 16778 from Logan's iirickyard, Toronto. Platynus desuetus. Platynus desuetus Scudd., Tert. Ins. N. A., 521-522, pi. i., figs. 43, 51, 58 (18'JO). A couple more specimens have been found : No. 1 3796, from Scar- borough ; and No. 16797 from Reservoir Park, Toronto. Harpalus conditus sp. nov. Pi. VIII., Fig. 5. An almost perfect elytron shows close resemblance to //. vulpeculua Saj'. It is dead black with nearly rectangular humerus and eight strire, besides a moderately long sutural stria, between the first and second, arising from the base of the second ; the third and fourtl; striie unite near the tip, and the fifth and sixth barely before tliem ; the striie are moder. ately impressed and very obscurely punctate, except the marginal stria 78 OONTnillUTIONS TO CANADIAN PALEONTOLOGY. neiir tlic Ijase, where the puncta .ire 1/irge and round, and not as shown in the tifjuru, resembling closely the modern species named, as does the autural stria ; the other striie differ, however, in being very obscurely punctate and the olytron is smaller and of a deader black. The length of the fragment is 4""", ami the breadth 1-6'""'. The probable length of the elytron was 4""", the portion broken at the tip being hardly more than the basal portion before the striation. One specimen : No. 1G804, Scarborough. //. viJpe.cidns occurs in Canada, New England, Pennsylvania and Missotyn. Dytiscid.k. Coelambus derelictus sp. nov. PI. i.\., Fig. 4. The complete elytra of this species show a dense punctuation, a sharply defined sutural stria, a very delicately marginate outer border, and indi- cate a small and rather slender scutellum. It agrees fairly well with C. dixniinUi^ Harr,, but it is a little larger, and the punctuation is scarcely so delieate. Length IV'"". Two speciftieiis : Nos. 16900, 16901, Scarborough. C. disaiiidlis occurs at Lake Superior and in Massachusetts, New York and lilinois. Coelambus cribrarius ap. nov. PI. IX, Fig. :?. A single specimen, a nearly perfect right elytron, appears to come very close to C. iinprfissopunrkitu.f Sell., and is of nmcli the same size and form. It is densely, conspicuously and finely punctate pretty uniformly over the whole elytron, but the punctuation is a little finer and denser than in the modern species, and there is no sign of a sutural stria or of the mid-elytral basal stria". Length 3-3""". One specimen : No. 16909, Logan's brickyard, Toronto. C. impri'sfioplini'tattis is found in Alaska, the Hudson Bay Territo'ries and Lake Su^a/rior, as well as in Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Michigan and Illinois. Coelambus infernalis sp. nov. PI. IX, Fig. 2. Another species is represented by an elytron, from which much of the tip is broken. It also resembles, so far as punctuation is concerned, the )t as ahown as does the ry obscurely The length )le length of lardly more 3ylvania and on, a sharply )r, and indi- y well with on is scarcely 8, New York •eUDOtlk] CANADIAN FOSSIL INSECTS. 79 to come very uze and form, r inly over the r than in the le mid-elytral i.y Territo'ries New Jersey, much of the oncerned, the same species as the last, C. imjn-PSHopunctatns 8ch. ; the punctuation is very similar thougli slightly more delicate in tlie fossil, hut the slender shape is very different and the species is a smaller iopu\fttatHs Sch. It is a nearly complete but broken elytron, with a fine dense punctuation, a delicately margined outer border, and a distinct, sharp sutural stria. It is piceous and not dark chestnut in colour, and has Hner, closer and shallower punctuation than in the living form. Length nearly 4""". One specimen : No. 16899, Scarborough. Hydroporus inanimatus sp. nov. PI. X, fig. 3. A single elytron, somewhat crushed and broken, but practically perfect, appears to belong to Hydroporus, but represents a species considerably broader than any I have seen. It seems to come as near to H. aolitarius Sharp as anything, but besides being much broader has considerably coarser and more distant punctuation. Exteriorly it is narrowly and delicately marginate, and the punctuation, though distinct and not very delicate, is rather shallow. Length 3""". One specimen ; No. 16903, Scarborough. H. solita/ius is only known from Massachusetts. Hydroporus inundatus sp. nov. PI. X., Fig. 2. The only relic of this species is a single perfect right elytron, showing a slender insect with a marginal stria, which hardly appears in the posi- tion from which the specimen was drawn (requiring light from the opposite side), and uniformly, rather sparsely and delicately punctate. It is, however, denser than appears by the figure, and denser than in //. hum- 80 CONTBinUTIOKM TO CANADIAN PAL.EONTOLOOY. era/in Aubt'-, wliich, of our \ivwn «peci«H, it appears mo8t to resemVUe, and witli wliicli it uuhmh well in size iiiitl proportions. Length, 3""". One H|)eciuien : No. Iti'JO'J, Logan's brickyard, Toronto. //. hiiiiii'rnlis is f uml in Alaska. Hydroporus sectus .'*p. nov. PI. .\., Fig. i. Two slcndor I'lytra, only oin' of which is perfect, represent a species of Hydroporus allied to //. (lUoiii/nn Htejili. Tlie punctuation is delic iitt^ and rather dense (iiardly shown as den'ie enough in our figure) and pronounced, .irid there is an obscure margination to the outer border. It is smaller than the modern species with which it is compared, and has a somewhat denser punctuation. Length ."J'H """, Two sfjecimens : No. IG'JOl, Reservoir Park, Toronto: No. 1GI)05, Scarborough. //. obhvdiiK o( curs in Europe and also in this country in Canada, Lake Superior, /lichigan, and Vancouver Island. Agabus perditus sp. nov. PI. IX., Fig. r,. There are preserved two fragments of what appear to be the same species, referable to Agabus, one showing the basal half, the other the apical Iwo-thirds of elytra, both showing a black surface which is micro- scopically ruguloso (scarcely appreciable under a strong hand lens), with widely scattered obscure puncta and a marginate outer border ; the hum- erus is square. It appears to be nearly related to A. Keriafiis Say, but it is wholly without the series of approximated punctures found in that species. The length of the basal fragment is 3-3u""", that of the apical 5""" ; the probable length of the whole elytron perhaps 7-5"'°'. Two specimens : Nos. 16898, 1G906, Scarborough. ^1. neriatns is found in Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Colorado, Lake Superior^nd Canada. Gyrinidae. Oyrinus conflnis LeC. PI. X., Fig. 5. Gyriniis confinis LeC, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad., 1868, 368. A single complete elytron of flattened, tapering, round-tipped form, a heavy sutural stria, distinctly marginate outer border, and with eleven to rt'HeniV)le, a species of (leliiiitc and 1 jjiunuunced, t M smaller a .suuiewliat No. 16'J05, iDaiiada, Lake ) be the same he other the ich is micro- id lens), with ler ; the hum- KK Saj', but it ound in tliat of the apical olorado, Lake 8, 368. ,ipped form, a with eleven «ewooiit '] TAVADIAM FOSSIL INSECTS. 81 series of similar, circular or oval, ft{iproxiinate punctures, not shown as near ti»<{ether as thoy should be in the ti;,'ure, cannot, so far as 1 can Ht!«, be distinnuishe I ^Voin the modern species, whoso ni-me is given above. It is the only one of th(! inter^lacial beetles completely identical with a .iving species. Length 5 One specin^n ; No. It)',) 13, Scarborough. fTOl,OllV. poMtorior margin liit.irally and the lat.-nil inarKiiiation is a» distinct an the sutural ; th.' base is a little hn)kon, l)ut it ia otherwise pHifoct. Longth, If-"', breadth, 1 -jr)""". Onp himimi'/i : No. ItiMTS, ScarborouKh. G. mrtflfdttt {« oiii*' known fruni Micliigan. Quedius deperditua sp. nov. PI. XI., Fi«. 2. A sin^Iti loft olytron, pr-rfact but llattonod so us to (expose? the wlioU- of the lateral face, ■qipcars to represent ii species of QuediuH, not far removed from f/ ca/wcmjw Grav. It enlargeti slightly from the base, the distal half of tim sutural border is minutely nmrginiid, tlie lateral fold is sharply earinate and not blunt ,~.. in Q. capucinu-s an the wIkiIc of )tf(U' roinoved ise, ihi' (li>'tivl fold i.s sliarply iiigin wjuiiri'ly k with only a h still HHH|•^0 2'"'"; breadth ania, Indiana pair of elytra iorly, are pro- rp iind sli;^ht, % rather large IS in /'. aeneus lecies, but the ; more profuse. Length, S-S""" ; f has V een re- e Supeii>'i and and Missouri. ••uoo»».] CANAtXAN rOHHir, INHKCTH. 83 Oryptobium dotectum Rp. nov. PI. XII., Fig. -L A single elytron, ti ly two and a third limr lonRor than broad, broadest in the nnddl<% the posterior margib ^juarely truncate but the iiii "r apical angle oli' n-'angulaic, llie Hurface v.^ry profum-ly and very delicately punctate, scinis lu be a Cryptt.hium, not very closely allied to C. pallipi'a (Jrav.; (M.i>pared with which it ha-s much more delicate lenver and lesH deeply impre.d punctuation, and a relatively slenderer form. The .single specimen is a little imperfect, a piece li.iving gone from the 0ut(>r apical angle, atid the huiii' rus is thrust forward vvith unusual pro- minence. Length, 2G""»; breadth, M""". One specimen: No. IG877, Scarborough. C. pa//i/)ns is found in Canada and the northern United tates from New England to Wisconsin, but also in Florida and Louisiana. Oryptobium cinctum sp. nov. PI. XII., Fig. 3. Another species of Oryptobium is representetl by a couple of elytra from different localities, which seem to be nearly allied 1. 1 C. cnli/ornicnm LeO. They are scarcely more than twice as long as broad, castaneo- piceous. slightly broader a little beyond the middle thai elsewhere, the posterior margin faintly excavate, the inner apical angle t"ebly produced, and the surface coarsely and profusely punctate. Comp uod with the modern species mentioned, they are a little larger and bn uler, and the punctuation is hardly so sharp or so deep. Length, i- ■ '" ; breadth, MS""". Two specin.ens: No. 16878, Logan's brickyard, Toront< ; and No. 16879, Scarborough. C. californifum comes from Nevada, California, Oregon and Vancouver Island. \l Lathrobium antiquatum sp. nov. PI. XI., Fig. 5. A single elytron less than twice as long as broad, with the itner base cut to indicate a broad and short scutellum, seems to beh.iig to Lathro- bium, and may best be compared with L. divimm LeC. It I oadena regularly though but slightly, has a very broadly rounded apical largia, and the surface profusely and rather minutely punctate. It la. o the distinct margination of the sutural border seen in L. divisnm, with which So— 2 84 CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PALiEONTOLOOT. ifc agrees in size ; the punctuation is rather coarser and heavier, and it is wholly black, instead of being apically ferruginous. Length, 2-2"'° ; breadth, MS"". One specimen: No. 16880, Logans brickyard, Toronto. L. divisum comes from Vancouver Island. Lathrobium debilitatum sp. nov. PI. XI., Fig. 6. This species is very closely allied to the last, from which it differs slightly in its proportions, its uniform breadth, and its piceous colour ; its punctuation is very similar. It is also to be compared with the same modern species, from which it differs similarly and also in the proportions of the elytra which are considerably broader in proportion to the length. Length, 2""" ; breadth, 1-2"™. One specimen : No. 16881, Scarborough. Lathrobium exesum sp. nov. PI. XI., Fig. 7. Another species of Lathrobium is represented by a single elytron, about twice as long as broad, broadening faintly posteriorly, with niar- ginate sutural border and sharply carinate lateral niargination, the pos- terior mari,'in rigidly truncate, the inner apical angle rectangulate, the outer strongly rounded, the surface uniform dark castaneous, and with moderately prof use shai p and delicate punctuation. It appears to be rather close to L. nigrum LeC; it has the same proportions, but is sHghtly larger, and the punctuation is deeper, sharper and more profuse. Length, 2-1"""; breadth of dorsal surface, M"". One specimen: No. 16882, Reservoir Park, Toronto. L. nigrum is reported from Massachusetts and Lake Superior. Lathrobium inhibitum sp. nov. PI. XI. Fig. 4. This and the following species of Lathrobium have relatively much longer elytra than those above described, these being in the present species about a fifth more than twice as long as broad. The elytron broadens slightly posteriorly, has a truncate posterior margin, both apical margins rounded rectangulate, the sutural border delicately marginate in its distal half, the surface blackish castaneous, rather obscurely and some- er, and it is igth, 2-2-"°'; CANADIAN FOaaiL INSECTS. 85 eouootiu 1 what profusely punctate. It appears to approach L. divisum LeC, but is a trifle larger, a little more densely and slightly more deeply punctured. Length, 2-65""; breadth. 1'2"'-". One specimen ; No. 16883, Scarborough. ich it differs leous colour ; 'ith the same e proportions ,0 the length. ngle elytron, r, with mar- ion, the pos- .angulate, the as, and with ppears to be but is slightly fuse. Length, erior. ilatively much in the present The elytron in, both apical ' marginate in irely and some- Lathrobium frustum sp. nov. PI. XI., Fig. 3. The last species of Lathrobium falls in the near vicinity of L. grande LeC, and is represented by several elytra, which are about a third more than twice as long as broad, of almost uniform breadth, but scarcely broadening posteriorly, the posterior margin truncate, the inner apical angle rectangulate, the outer strongly rounded, with no margination of the sutural border ; the surface is piceous, profusely and delicately punctate. It agrees with the modern species mentioned in size, but the posterior border is squarely and in no way obliquely truncate, and the punctuation is more pronounced, slightly coarser and certainly deeper ; nor is there any trace of castaneous in the coloring. Length 2.15 ""» ; breadth 0-9"'". Seven specimens; Nos. 16884-16889, Scarborough; No. 16890, Logan's brickyard, Toronto. L. grande is found from Nova Scotia to Lake Superior and North Carolina. Acidota crenata Fabr., var. nigra, var. nov. PI. XII., Fig. 4. Staphylinus crenatus'Fa.hr., Ent. Syst., I, pars 2, p. 525 (1792). A single left elytron, with puncta serially arranged, apparently repre- sents the modern species A. crennta Fabr., but differs from it in that the colouring is dead black instead of dark castaneous, which all the modern specimens I have seen are, though they include some which LeConte described under the specific name nigro-picea ; the punctures also seem a little more pronounced, but the resemblance is so close that I do not venture to separate it from the modern form by more than a varietal distinction. Length, 2-2""» ; breadth, l""". One specimen : No. 16891, Scarborough. A. crenata occurs in Canada, Lake Superior, Michigan and Massachu- setts. Sc— 2Jl 86 CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PAL-EONTOLOGV. Arpedium stillicidii. Arpedium stillicidii Scudd., Contr. Can. Pal, ii., 42, pi. ii., fig. 2 (1892). Two additional specimens, Nos. 1G896, 16897, from Scarborough are found in the material sent by Professor Coleman. Olophrum celatum sp. nov. PL XII., Fig. 5. A pair of elytra, a trifle less than twice as long as broad, of equal breadth, with truncate hind margin, but strongly rounded apical angles, delicately margined sutural border, the surface piceous and profusely and sharply punctate, represent a species of Olophrum allied to 0. convexum Miikl. The size and proportions are the same, but there is no castaneoua in the colouring, and the punctuation in the fossil is a little closer and considerably more delicate. Length, 2 •2""" ; breadth, ] ■2""". Two specimens : Nos. 16892, 16893, Scarborough. 0. convexum is found in Alaska. a Olophrum arcanum sp. nov. PI. XII., Fig. 6. Another species of Olophrum is closely allied to the last, and may also be compared with the same modern type. It is slightly smaller and more slender than 0. celatum, and the punctaare more shallow and less distinct. It is of a dull black colour. Length 2-15""" ; breadth, Q-^"'". One specimen : No. 16894, Scarborough. Olophrum dejectum sp. nov. PI. XII., Fig. 7. The last species of Olophrum differs considerably from the others in the much greater proportional length of the elytra which are about two and a half times longer than broad, with parallel sides, truncate apical margin, rectangulate apical angles, and the surface piceous at base, changing apically to blackish castaneous, the punctuation profuse and pronounced. It comes in the vicinity of 0. obtectnm Erichs., but is slen- ,, fig. 2 (1892). irborough are CANADIAN FOSSIL INSECTS. 87 (CUDDER.l derer, with more angulate apical angles, a more truncate hind margin, and the punctuation less profuse and not so sharp. Length, 2-7""" J breadth, M""". One specimen : No. 1C895, Scarborough. 0. ohtectnm is reported fiom Canada, Massachusetts, Michigan, Penn- sylvania and Missouri. 'oad, of equal apical angles, profusely and ) 0. convexum no castaneous tie closer and and may also iller and more I less distinct. the others in ire about two uncate apical eous at base, L profuse and 1., but is slen- CUKCULIONIDAE. Erycus consumptus sp. nov. PI. xiii., Figs. 1, 2. A single right elytron (Fig. 2) broken across the middlo, but otherwise nearly perfect, except at the extreme tip, appears to be an Erycus. The oBn strise are deeply impressed, with profuse and deeper punctuation, the interspaces convex ; the fourth and fifth striie are the shortest and nearly unite at their tips, near the middle of the apical two-fifths of the elytron and near its middle line ; the third and sixth unite .somewhat beyond this. It appears to fall tolerably near E. punHicolUs LeC, the strire, their apical union, the puncta and the si/e agreeing well ; but it differs in that the elytron does not nari'ow so nmch apically, anil in that the inter- spaces between the stria- are much more convex. The length of the frag- ment is 3-2""" ; probably the elytron was ,3-G""" long ; the breadth is 1-4""". One specimen : No. 16850, Scarborough. With this I place the head and beak of another specimen (Fig. 1), found in a different spot, b(,'cause by an independent examination of the large series of North American Curculionidae in the Museum of Compar- ative Zoology, 1 found no other species with which it corresponded closely but the same E. punctico/iin LeC, and its size matches well. The beak is a tritle smaller than in the modern species, and not bent as there at the insertion of the antennie, while the head proper is distinctly larger -nd more rotund. The sculpturing is very similar as well as the general shape, the obliteration of the markings behind the eye indicating a similar covering by a lobe of the pronotuin. Length of beak from base of antennal scrobes, LS""". One specimen: No. 16866. Logan's brickyard, Toronto. E. puncticollis is found about Lake Superior and in the Middle and Western United States. |H 88 CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PALAlONTOLOaY. Anthonomus eversus sp. nov. PI. XIII., Fig. 6. A number of perfpct or nearly perfect elytra, with ten punctate striiB at subequal distances apart, the outer and the inner three uniting near the apex, and within them the fourth uniting or almost uniting with the fifth, and the si.Kth with the seventh, a little outside the mitldle line of the elytron and near the middle of its apical two fifth.s. The striio are well impressed and the puiicta circuiar and closely approximated, while the interspaces between the stria; are convex. The species .seems to be very'close'to A. ater LeC. ; the apical arrangement of thesttiiuis the same, but it is a little smaller, the punctuation is a little more pronounced and distinct, and the strise are deeper ; the difference is not gre it, but seems to be sutlicient to distinguish them specifically. The puncta are too feebly drawn in the figure and are not so closely approximated as they should be. Length of elytron 3-3""" ; breadth l-O""". Ten .specimens: Nos, 16852-10)858, IGSGO, 16869, Reservoir Park, Toronto ; and No. 16859, Logan's briekj-ard, Toronto. A. ater occurs in California. Anthonomus fossilis sp. nov. PI. XIII., Fig. 7. Other elytra, some of them quite perfect, smaller than the last species, have a very similar arrangement of the striiv, but they are more crowded together on the outer half or third of the elytron and do not unite so dis tinctly at apex ; the stria> are deeply impressed and the puncta coarse — unusually so for an Anthonomus. The species appears to resemble A. ligrinm Boh., but not very closely ; the elytron is considerably larger and perhaps broader ; the apical arrangement of the stria; is much the same, but the strim are considerably more deeply impressed, and the puncta are much larger, deeper and coarser. Length, 2-4""" ; breadth MS™". Ten specimens : Nos. 16844,16845, 16862-16864, 16868, Reservoir Park, Toronto; Nos. 16846, 16847, Scarborough; and Nos. 16848 16849, Logan's brickyard, Toronto. A. nigrinns is reported from Georgia and Louisiana. punctate strife e uniting near liting with the middle line of The striiL' are xiinated, while ;ies seems to be itifuis the same, pronounced and 3at, but seems a are too feebly as they should leservoir Park, the last species, 'e more crowded not unite so dis puncta coarse — to resemble A. isiderably larger brise is much the iressed, and the 2.4mm. breadth 6868, Reservoir ad Nos. 16848 MuootH.J CANADIAN FOSSIL INSECTS. 8^ Anthonomus lapsus sp. nov. Pi. XIII., Fig. 5. In a third species of Anthonomus the elytron is a little larger than in A dUjnnctus LeC, with which it can best be compared, though the rela- tiou is not very close. There is the same flatness of the interspaces, but the striiB are broader with more sloping sides, while the puncta arc a little larger and more distinctly impressed. The elytron is piceous, 3""" long, and 1 -2""" broad. One specimen : No. 16861, Reservoir Park, Toronto. A. disjnnctus is found in Illinois and Georgia. Orchestes avus sp. nov. PI. XIII., Fig. 4. A complete right elytron ot' great relative breadth seems to belong to Orchestes. The two outer and two inner striie unite apically and another pair of loops within them is f..rmed by the third and sixth, and by the fourth and fifth stria>, while besides these the seventh and eighth s.riae are united apically at about the middle of the distal third of the elytron. The strife are rather coarse and well pronounced, but the puncta are rela- tively obscure. The whole is dead black. It seems to be rather closely related to 0. nvjo.r Horn, but in tliis species the fourth stria from the suture unites with the third, and the whole apical arrangement of the striae becomes thereby different. The fossil is a trifle larger but of the same lorm, the stria- less deeply impressed and the r^uncta more obscure. The length is 1-8""", and the breadth O-O""'. One specimen : No. 1G867, Logan's brickyard, Toronto. 0. niger is known to occur in Nova Scotia, Canada, Illinois and Cali- fornia. Centrinus disjunctus sp. nov. PI. XIII., Fig. 3. The basal half or less of an elytron shows ten nearly straight delicate strife, with delicate punctuation and flat punctate interspaces, all of which closely resembles the appearance of C. calvus LeC. It is of about the same size apparently, and differs in being piceous and not castaneous. 90 CONTRIbUTlONa TO CANADIAN l'AL;EONTOL0Oy. and in having distinctly finer and more delicate strioe, which are also a little shallower ; the puncta in the .striiu are similarly obscure, but the punctuation of the interspaces more profuse and more delicate. The length of tlio fragment is 1'8'""', and the breadth, I'S'""; the real length of the elytron may have been nearly 4""". One specimen : No. 16865, Reservoir Park, Toronto. C, calvus occurs in Georgia and Florida. CANADIAN FOSSIL INSECTS. 91 ih are also a ure, but the ilicate. The real length APPENDIX. Work of thk PRpyisTouic soolytid, piiloeosinus squal^6ens scudd. By a. D. 1^1'kins, Entomologist of the West Vikginia AGRic()tTuuAL Experiment Statio'.. (Plate xiv., xv.) The work of this prehistoric Scolytid* is of especial interest, and with the large aer: • of Scolytid work in our collection, and that recently col- lected in the North-west, (mentioned in Bulletin 2 L, n.s., Div. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agriculture), I have been able to obtain some additional informa- tion regarding the wood, the galleries and the generic position of the beetle. ■ u i.u *■ A microscopic examination of the wood fibre in comparison with that of JuniperuH viryiniana, Larix, Picea, Chamaecyparis, Thuja, Thuga, Pseudotsuga, Sequoia and Abies, seems to warrant the conclusion that it comes nearer to Thuja tlian to any of the other specimens with which it was compared, yet not having compared it with Jumperus communis, I would hesitate to say that it is not this species, as determined by ^r. Goodale. • x ti If, as seems quite certain, it is cedar, (either Juniper or Thuja), the work must be that of Phloeosinus, and from a careful comparison with the work of three existing species of this genus it is found to come very close to Phloeosinus punctatus LoC, in Thuja plicata and Chamaecyparis lawsoniana. (PI. xiv.. Fig. 3.) The species of this genus seem to infest only the Cupresseae and iax- odieae. P. dentatus Say has long been known as the common enemy of the eastern Junipers, and I have also found it in Thuja occidentahs at Niagara Palls. I have also found P. punctatus to be a common enemy of Thuja, Librocedrus and Chamaecyparis in California and Oregon ; P. ens- tatus LeC, common in Sequoia sempervirens, and three apparently undescribed species, one in Cupressus macrocarpa, one in Sequoia sem- pervirens and the other in a Cryptominia sp., all in California. Two European species in our collection from the late W. Eichhoff, P. aubei and P. thujae, were both collected from Juniperus communis, and are also recorded from Thuja. The "shark's tooth " form of the mating or nuptial chambers is the characteristic normal form of that of all of the species so far as has been observed. There is, however, considerable ditt'erence in the size, form and position of the pri mary, or egg, galleries. Those of P. dentatus (figs . * See a previous paper in this series, pp. 28-30. -S.H.S. 92 CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PAL-«ONTOLOOT. 6 and 7) and P. criatatun (fip;. 8 and 9) are almost identical in form, dif- fering,' only ill size. Both are normally Htraight and t^xcavated longitu- dinally in the bark and surface of the wood, while those of P. punctatus (figs. :? to 5) are seldom straight and aro excavated obliquely or trans- versely through the bark and wood, and are often found with one wing of the nuptial chamber extended to accommodate a second female, agreeing almost exactly in this respect with that of the interglacial species. The genus Phloeosinui; is represented by tliree or four described species from Europe, one from the Himalayas, seven from Japan, one from Mexico, one from Guatemala and four or five from America north of Mexico. There are also several undescribed species that I have observed, in collections, recorded from Texas, Colorado and Canada. T consider this genus one of the oldest suivivors of the Hylesinides group. It is not improbable that it reached its nia-.imum development during the Cre- taceous period, and that its representatives were then common enemies of the several species of Sequoia, Juninerus, Librocedrus, etc., liaving des- cended probably with little change in habit "t structure, and shared with their surviving hostplints the vicissitudes of the great and minor surface disturbances and climatic changes from the Mesozoic to and through the Genozoic to the present. Therefore, the exclusive association of the surviving species of this ancient genua of beetles with the survivors of a number of ancient genera of Cupresseae and Taxodieae is of especial interea-, since it seems to pre- sent some evidence of a closer natural relationship between these groups than has heretofore been recognized. Especially is this indicated in the fact that one or more species infest the Sequoia, one of the oldest repre- sentatives of the Taxodieae, and that so far none have been found to in- fest Pinus, Picea or Abies, with which the Taxodieae are thought by botanists to be more closely allied than to the C i.e. It seems quite important that an effort should be > to obtain more material from the buried interglacial and other forests and fossil wood, showing the work of insects, since it would lead to the determination of some interesting and important facts regarding the habits of prehistoric forms and their relation to primeval forest trees. I form, dif- I'd longitu- ', punclatxis ly or trans- :)ne wing of le, agreeing cies. 11)6(1 species 1, one from ifii north of 1^0 observed, I consider ). It is not ng the Cre- II (>neinie8of liaviiig des- shared with inor surface through the eciea of this cient genera eems to pre- liese groups cated in the ildest repre- found to in- thought by obtain more fossil wood, mination of if prehistoric 31 PLATE VI. Caraiudae. All the figures are Inj ,/. Ilonry lilakc and are magnified twenty diameters. Fig. 1. (lt')8i;?) Lorifora exita. ?.. (1(5805) Neliriii iibstracta. 3. (16794) IJemhidiuni haywardi. 4. (1G808) I'emhicHuin veHtij^ium. 5. (IGT'JiJ) Heinhicliuiii vantini. 6. (16828) Jieinbidiuiii jiraeteritum. (•r.colociicul *uvv)cij of aTuivHu. CONTR TO CAN PAL. VOL II PL/ ravi. I PLATE VII. Carabidae. All (hejujuren are by J. Henry Blah', and are magnified tiventy diameters. Fig. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. (16812) Pienibidium expletum. (1(J817) P.adister antecursor. (1G809) Pterostichus depletua. (1G7S-2) Patrobus deccssus. (lG8i27) I'.eiiibidium diunno.suin. (167 93) Patrobus frigidus. ^,coloc|ical iuvwnj of OTHnada. CONTR TO CAN. PAL. VOL. II PLATE VII / diameters. mmmmmi mii PLATE VIII. Carahidae. AH thefigurps are by J. Henry Blake and are magnified twenty diameters. F'ig. 1. (16772) Platynus longaevus. 2. (1G773) Platynus interglacialis. 3. (1G803) Platynus exterminatus. 4. (16771) Platynus interitus. 5. (16S04) Harpalus conditus. (Ecological Suvucvj of (TaniTdlrt. nOMTP Tn HAM PAT,. VOT,. II. PLATE Vm ty diameters. -^ PLATE IX. Dytiscidae. AH the liqures are hj J. Ilnry Blake and are magnified twenty diameters. Fig. 1. (16899) Coelambus disjectus. 2. (1090«) Coelambus int'crniilis. 3. (16909) Coelambus cribrarius. 4. (,16001) Oc -Iambus derelictus. 5. (1C898) Agabus perditua. ^ 'miity diameters. CONTR TO CAN. PAL. VOL. IT PLATE ry fcfi> PLATE X. DyTISCIDAE, GyKINIDAE, HvDROPniLIDylK. A/I ihr Jiijiii-i-a tint liij J. lli:nrij lilakn and are magnified twenty diameters. (ICiDO')) Hychoporua iscctus. ( 1G902) H3'di()poius inundtitus. (1()9();5) Hydroporus iniiniiiiatUH. (KV.U'J) CyinbioiiyUi cxstincUi. (ltjl)l.'.i) Gyrinus cunlinis Lc.C Fig. 1. 2. 4. (Ticological *urucvj oX (Tunudii. WAK, nd lirenty diamc.Urs. DONTTP TO PAN PAT, VOI,, H PLATB X I PLATE XI. Staphylimdae. All thefigii,res are by J. Henry Blahe and are magnified twenty diameters. Fig. 1. (16873) Gymnusa absens. •J. (10874) Quedius depcrditus. 3. (lC88t) Liithrobium frustum. 4. (1688!}) Lathn)l)ium inliihitum. 5. (16880) Latlirobium antiquatum. 6. (16881) Lathrobiurn debilitatum. 7. (16882) Lathrobiurn exesuiu. ! tiventy diameters. (ieotogical j^urucij of oTanada. CONTR TO CAN. PAL. VOL. IL PLATE XI SI cc PLATE XII. Stapuylinidak. All tlwfigurnH am hy J. Ilennj lilake and are magnified ttvejity diametern. Fig. 1. (1(1875) Pinion thus eliiutlus. 2. (1G877) Cryptohium (letectuin. .'5. (1G87S) Cryptohium cinctuni. 4. (1G891) Acidotd crenata Fabr., viir. ni;,'ra. T). (10892) Olophruni wlatuiii. 6. (10894) ()l(.phrtini arcanum. 7. (10895) Olophrum dojectum. venty diaiiieterti. Ci^.cologicitl Surucij of (Tnnada. CONTR TO CAN PAL. VOL. II PLATE XII. I o / PLATE XIII. Ci'Hcii.roNinAK. AI/ thefujuresarehyj. Henry Blah' ,n,d are, magnified twenty diameters. Fig. I. (168t'.G) Erycu. I'onsi.inptus (head). (l'>8")0) Erycu« consuruptus (elytron), (10805) Centrinus disjunctus. (1G807) Orcliestt's avus. (iGSGl) Anthonoinus lapsus. (168"»L') Anthonoinus evcrsua. (16844) Anthonoinus fossilis. OTiCologicixl *uvucij ol" d'anadii. CONTR. TO CAN PAL. VOL. II. PLATE XIII / 6 PLATE XIV. -s Borings of Scolytidae. Draum by A. D. Hopkins. Fig. 1. Phloeosinus .squalidens, in Juniperu.s or Thuja, from inter- <,'lacial clays. Natural size ; the outlines of the galleries on the right are slightly enlarged. Fig. 2. Transverse section of 1, showing position of pith and indi- cating ,liat the tiattencd condition is at least partially due to a more rapid growth of woorl un one side than on the other. Fig. ;?. Galleries of Phloeosinus punctatus in Chaniiiecyparis law- soiiiana. Fig. 4, f. Abnormal forms of nuptial chambers of Phloeosinus den- tatus in Tiiu ja plicata. Fig. "). Normal form of nuptial chamber of .same in same. Fig. G, 6. Normal forms of nuptial chambers of Phloeosinus punc- tatus i!i Juniperus virginiana. Fig. 7. Abnormal foini of nuptial chamber of same in same. Fig. 8. Normal form of nuptial chamber of Phloeosinus cristatus in So(jU()ia. Fig. 9. Abnormal form of nuptial chamber of same in same. CONTR. TO CAN. PAL. VOL. U. PLATE XIV PLATE XV. PlILOEOSINUS SQUALIDENS, \ Borings in Juniperus or Ti.uja. \\f(er a photograph by A. D. Bopk -ins CONTR. TO CAN, PAL. VOL. II. PLATE XV t17IS V v