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After serving two yeai's in the Knight of Glin's Yeomanry Corps, which I entered at the age of fifteen, I enlisted in a Fencible Regi- ment on the 25th of October, 1798, as a Private Soldier, and on the same day was appointed Sergeant. On the 9th of June following, I volunteered into the 49th Regiment, then commanded by the late Sir Isaac Brock, and accompanied the Army under Sir Ralph Abercromby to the Holder, where we landed on the 27th of August. On the 2d of October, I was taken prisoner at Egmont op Zee, and carried into France. On the 24th of January following, I was landed in England, having, with the other prisoners taken in Holland, been exchanged. In March, 1801, the 49th Regiment, having been embarked on board the Fleet, to do duty as marines, were present at the Naval Action before Copenhagen, on the 2d of April. I served on board the Monarch during the action, and that ship having been greatly shattered by the great Trekoner Batteiy, had to be sent home, and the survivors of the Grenadier Company, to which I belonged, were sent on board the Elephant, then Lord Nelson's Flag Ship, in which I served until the return of the Fleet to England in August. At the close of the War, the 49th Regiment was sent to Canada, and after landing at Quebec on the 21st of August, 1802, Lieutenant Colonel Brock appointed me Serjeant Major, althouglx yet in my 22d year only. In September, 1803, Colonel Brock recommended me for the Adjutantcy, but as the resignation of the Adjutant could not then be accepted at the Horse Guards, there being no vacancy in the Regi- ment for him as a Lieutenant, he was permitted to do the duty of a Subaltern and I was appointed to act as Adjutant, and acted as such until 1806, when Colonel Brock obtained an Ensigncy for rae, in order, A as he said, that I should obtain rank as an officer without any further loss of time. I was gazetted to an Ensigncy on the 6th of February in that year. On the 18th of December following I succeeded, to the Adjutantcy, and on the 9th of June, 1809, I was promoted to a Lieute- nantcy. On the declaration of War by the United States in 1812, I resigned the Adjutantcy that I might be eligible to be employed on detached service, and was immediately placed in command of a com- pany whose captain was absent. On the 12th of June in the following year, 1813, I applied for and obtained leave to select 30 men from the 49th Regiment, to be employed in ad van -^e of the Army on the Niagara Frontier. On the 24th of the same month my success in capturing a detachment of 500 men of the American Regular Army, 50 of whom were cavalry, and two field pieces, obtained for me a Company, and on the 14th of October following I was gazetted Captain in a Provincial Corps, the Glengarry Light Infantry Fencibles. On the 24th of June, 1816, that Regiment was disbanded, and I was placed on half pay; and took up my residence at York, in Upper Canada, now Toronto, {|,nd thus made Upper Canada the land of my adoption. This rapid statement I have written by way of Introduction to the following Narrative, which Narrative was already written and about to be placed in the hands of the Printer before it occurred to me that such a brief prefatory statement as this would not be inappropriate, and under this sudden impression I have written it. JAMES FITZ GIBBON, Montreal, 24th May, 1847. \ X AN APPEAL TO THE PEOPLE or 1?HE LATE PBOVINCE OF UPPER CANADA. On the 23rd day of January, 1838, your Representatives in Parlia- ment assembled adopted two Resolutions, and a motion to amend them, of which the following extract from the Journals of their House is a copy : ** Resolved, — That James Fitz Gibbon, Esquire, having rendered " signal services to this Province in a Military capacity, on various "occasions, when he was an officer of the Regular Forces of the " Empire, during the late War with the United States of America, and " subsequently in several Civil capacities, and also very recently, as " Colonel of Militia, on the breaking out of the Rebellion in the Home " District, it is a dMXy incumbent on this House to recognise, by some " public expression, his brave and faithful conduct, and to use " such means as may be in its power to procure to be granted to him " by his Sovereign some lasting Token of the Royal Bounty, as an " acknowledgment of the estimation in which those services are held " by the People whom it represents. ^^ Resolved, — That this House do h"mbly address Her Majesty. " praying Her Majesty will be graciously pleased to grant to the said " James Fitz Gibbon five thousand acres of the waste lands of the " Crown in this Province, as a mark of Her Majesty's Royal Favour, "for the honorable, efficient, and faithful services of that gentlemail "during a period of twenty-six years. " Mr. Merritt seconded by Mr. Burwell, moves that the foregoing " Resolutions be amended l)y inserting the word ' unanimously,' after " the word Resolved. " Which was carried." Upon these Resolutions an Address to the Queen was passed by th6 House, and sent to the Legislative Council, which House also passed it with only one dissenting vote ; and the Lieutenant Governor transmitted it to the Secretary of State for the Colonies, Lord Glenelg, strongly recommending it to the favorable consideration o? Her Majesty. Here I beg leave to call your attention, particularly, to the fact that these proceedings were entirely spontaneous on the part of that House ; no application or reference bein;:; made to it, either by the Lieutenant Governor, or by me. But some of the many facts which I will state hereafter, were known to many of the Members, and especially so were many of the wrongs and Injuries then recently done me by Sir Francis Head. And here, too, I beg leave to state that some expressions injurious to me were made by certain Members of the present Legislative Assem- bly in 1845, in Montreal, on the passing of the Resolution granting to me one thousand pounds in lieu of the five thousand acres of land; and that other injurious language was expressed by some unjust and ungenerous men, elsewhere, wlio declared that I did only my duty, and therefore was not entitled to any reward. Because of these expressions I do noAv declare to you the people of Upper Canada that had I been out of debt, when the Address to Her Majesty was passed by the two Houses I would have promptly but gratefully declined to accept any reward for the services it had been my lot to render : — and I would have considered the day of such refusal as the proudest of my life. But I was plunged deeply into debt, first by having accepted an Ensigncy in the 49th Regiment, obtained for me in the year 18CG, by my first and best patron, the late Major General, Sir Isaac Brock, when I had not one sliilling ; for as a Serjeant Major I could not have saved one shilling out of the tlien inadequate pay of two shillings per day, whereas now the same non-commissioned officer receives tiiree shillings and sixpence per day. Neither was any allow- ance then made by the Government to non-comrmissioned officers when promoted, whereas now every mounted officer promoted from the ranks receives from the Government £150 sterling, to provide him a sufficient equipment ; and I was then a mounted officer, an acting Adjutant. The debt then incurred painfully pressed upon me until I was placed on half-pay, in 1816, when I was solicited to accept a very humble office under the Provincial Government, and which my pecu.Jary embarrass- ments constrained me to accept. How these embarrassments were increased and aggravated, afterwards, by acts of that Government, I will state hereafter, and prove the facts by Acts of the Legislature and Orders in Council. As to my having only done my duty before and during the Rebellion, the same may with equal justness be said of every public servant who has ever been rewarded hy the Imperial Parliament for public services. I will hereafter show the risks I ran of bringing ruin upon myself and family, by the language uttered by me from time to time to Sir Francis Head, but which the pressing exigencies oi the crisis I then saw impending extorted from me. Feeling how unjust those reproaches were, and that my mind has long been painfully alFected by them, it at length occurred to me to write to a Member of the last Upper Canada Assembly, and request of him to vouch for one fact which, to some extent, would show that I did not avariciously desire to grasp at all I could from the public revenue of the Province. I therefore, in January last, addressed a letter to that Member, and received from him an answer of which the following is a copy : Matilda, February 1st, 1847. My Dear Sib, My absence from home is a sufficient apology for not answering your letter sooner. I now inform you tliat I well renionil)! r the time when I called on you in your room in tlu; l*ttrliiiinent House, to obtain Home intbiination fVoui you respecting your circumstances, and I told you tiiat it was the intention of the Members to (ill up the blank in the Resolution just adopted with six thousand acres. On whicli you paused a iew minutes and then told me you did not desire an acre more than would relieve you from your present embarrassments, and that five thousand acres would give you that relief, and for which you would feel thank- ful. The blank was then llUcd up with five thousand acres, and the Resolutions were j)a8sod unanimously. Believe me to remain yours truly, T -, T/-* r'Mt T? • Peter vSiiaver. James I^itz Gibbon, tsquire. Besides this Member there are, I venture to affirm, many in Upper Canada, of undoubted honor and veracity who believe me to be one of the last among men who would desire to receive from the public funds one shilling to Avhich I was not fully and honorably entitled. But I now publicly declare that according to the naost moderate scale of remuneration for public services, and according to the salaries now paid, I have neve'" yet been adequately paid for the ordinary routine service rendered by me to the late Province of Upper Canada : from 1816 to 1841, the remuneration should have been at least one hundred pounds per annum more than I received during those twenty five years: and the correctness of "this declaration I hope to prove by statements hereafter to be made in this address to you. And thus the sum of ^62,500, the upset price of the land prayed foi", was justly due to me in 1841, even without any reference to the sei'vices intended to be rewar- ded by that grant. In the month of April, 1816, it was announced to the Regiment in which I then was a Captain, that it would be disbanded on the 24th of June following. The Adjutant General of Militia of Upper Canada soon afterwards called on me, and after apologising for offering me so inferior an appointment as a clei'kship in his department, at 7s. 6d., currency, per day, he requested me to accept it, adding that I would be subject fo his own control only ; and he having been my friend for many years I would not find the duty disagreeable. After much consideration I accepted it, hoping and believing that in some time I should make myself so useful to the Government that it would find it to be its interest as well as its duty to promote me. For three years I continued in this ofRcc, but finding my family increasing rapidly, and my debts accumulating upon me, I turned my thoughts to the Land Agency business, and decided on giving up the employment in the Adjutant General's Department, and taking up the business of Land Agent. During two years it produced for me upwards of five hundred pounds, and was increasing ; when the Adjutant Ge- neral again asked me, and urged me to return to his office. And here I will st'ite that the gratitude I felt for the promotion I had obtained in the Army, inclined me strongly to serve the Government and the Nation whose servant I had so long been : for at that time I had not learned to draw any distinction between the Provincial and Imperial Governments. I therefore consented to return to his office it he would ■ "Ti mmmmm^mmmmm 6 ^>rocure for mo tlio snme wages us were piiitl to the senior tlerks in the otiier Departments of tin; Government, uuqjely, ten Hhiilings, sterling, per day. He said the Executive Government hud not the power to inereaso the wages of the Clerk, but I expressed a diflerent opinion, having carefully considered the law. I told him that I could not> with any justice to niy faujily, give up my present business for a less sum. He then petitioned the Lieutenant Governor, and upon his Petition an Order in Council was passed, granting ten shillings, sterling, per day, for the said Clerk. Let me here ask what any reasonable man would say, or think, did .' tell the Adjutant (Jeneral that 1 had no I'aith in the Governor and Council who made that Order ? Yet in a few months was this Order set aside to my great wrong and injury ! The Adjutant General when urging me to return, assured me that I should be permitted to administer the oath of allegiance while in his office ; I having been recently appointed a Commissioner for that purpose. This ofl'er was made by him spontaneously ; to which I answered, " Without such permission I would on no account return." Let me again ask what would bo thought of me, if I had told the Adjutant General that I had no faith in his pledge or promise, although professedly my friend ? Yet before many months after my return to his office I saw, one morn- ing, in the Government Gazette, a list of newly appointed Commis- sioners, in which my name was not. Whereupon I went immediately to the Secretary's OlFice, and asked why my name was not inserted in the new Commission ? He answered me evasively and with evident embarrassment. I said, " Then I will go across to the Government " House, and appeal to Sir Peregrine Maitland, personally." Upon which he said " Stop for a moment : what has been done. His Excel- '* lency will not undo, and if you bear this patiently, something better " may hereafter be done for you. l^our agitating upon this occasion '* will only irritate, and may mar ;your future prospects. If you will *' pledge yourself to me that you will move no further in the matter, " I will tell you how the omission has been brought about." After much consideration, and painful alarm for my unhappy circumstances, I gave the pledge ; when the Secretary told me tliat the Adjutant General had been informed that some of the Members of the Assembly had said " They M'ould not vote for restoring the salary of the Adju- " tant General to £365 per annum," (to which from £200 it had been raised, in 1816 for four years by a temporary Act, and which Act had expired some two years before, and was now sought to be renewed) " for that there could be little to do in his office, inasmuch as the '• Clerk was much employed in administering the oath of allegiance." In fact, the few oaths which were usually administered by me, never occupied altogether, any one day, more than half an hour ; and in lieu of this, to prevent any fault finding on my account, I attended the office every morning at nine o'clock instead of ten, and continued in it until four P. M. instead of three ; so that the public service gained much instead of losing any thing by me. The Adjutant General on hearing what had 1 -n said, went to His Excellency and prevai'ed upon him to put mc out of the Commission ; and thus was a great iryury done to me in my pecuniary circumstances ; for the gentleman « t]l() !r to iun, not, less his who was appointed in my place told me that the oflice brought to him the following year, £75. JJut deeper injury was done to my mind by the sense of such cruel treachery and injustice, committed by those whose solemn duty it was to protect and sustain me. An influential Member of the Assembly said to me, a few days after, and he said it with an oath, ** Let Sir Peregrine Maitland appoint a competent man " to the ofllce, and I will vote to give him jGSOO per annum ; but " the present incumbent is wholly inefficient, and I will not vote for a " shilling of increase while he holds the oflice." And this was lite- rally true, and the injury thus, by his mismanagement and inefficiency, done to men's minds in Upper Canada^ from 18 IT) to 1837, had a large share in bringing about the Rebellion. Extraordinary effijrts were now made to procure for the Adjutant General his late salary of JG36.5. A conference took place between the late Mr. Peter Robinson, then a Member of the Assembly, and Mr. Jonas Jones, another Member, when the latter stated (hat the expenses of the Adjutant General's Department cost the Province, the year just ended, jE630. lie then said he would vote for a IJill which would repeal the Law under which the contingencies of the Department Avere hitherto regulated by Orders in Council, and which would grant, annually, for the Department, a fixed sum of £600 ; which sum the Executive might api)ropriate as it pleased. To this, Mr. Robinson agreed, and such Bill was brought in and passed. It contained the following provisions : — It authorised the appointment of an Assistant Adjutant General : it gave to the Adjutant General £365 ; to the Assistant Adjutant General JGI.GC; and for postage of letters, sta- tionery, office rent, and fuel, £85 per annum ; the last mentioned being, in fact, a very inadequate sum. Thus did the Government sanction an Act, by which I was deprived o£ £52 los. 6d. per annum, while at the same time I was taken from my obscurity and raised to the rank of Assistant Adjutant General, and put to an expense for equipment of upwards of JG60. Thus did the Government and the Adjutant General effectually, deprive me of JG127 15s. 6d. per annum, in breach of most distinct and formal agreements previously entered into, by them with me. Of this adjustment, by those Members, I was immediately made acquainted, and I might have marred the measure in the House, by appealing to some friends I had among the Members ; but I ever stu- diously refrained from exercising any influence I might have in this way. Besides, I could not doubt but that out of the Crown revenue the Lieutenant Governor and Council would surely make good to me the amount tjius taken from me, and which they had guaranteed by a formal Order in Council. But it was made good for a part, only, of the interval. For about two years I made painful and humiliating efforts to obtain redress, and at length the Assembly passed another Bill adding £50 to my salary, but making no provision for the expense of my equipment, or to meet tin increased expenses to Avhich, in other res- pects, my new rank so p,in fully exposed me. No man who has not himself suffered under the most painful pecuniary cmi-rrassments for a long series oi years can form an a,dequr.te idea of the depression and irritation, to which my mind was. 8 il ti thus subjected. Wlien I remembered that I had given up a lucrative and an inereasixig business, (and by which others have since become rich) from a feeling of gratitude for tlie promotion I received in the Army, and contrasted the treatment I received in that Army with the wrongs and injuries thus done me by the Provincial Authorities, I was nearly driven beyond the contr,>l of my reasoning faculties. But I had a wife and five infant children to protect and sustain ; and I had suffer- ing parents in Ireland to whom I had made occasional remittances, but which I could now no longer make ; therefore did I turn myself to every source of relief and consolation to which I could by any means find access, that 1 might not sink beneath the pressure of the wrongs and injuries thus heaped upon me. In addition to these evils I had to endure others, of which an exten- sive correspondance by Post was a serious one. Having been much known to the Military and the Militia in Upper Canada, during the war of 1812, great numbers of them applied tome from time to time, after the war, about various affairs in which they desired that I should aid them. Few of those paid the postage of their letters, and from 1816 to 1827, when I was appointed Clerk of the House of Assembly, I am confident I paid upwards of j£200 for postage. Often did I think of appealing through the newspapers for protection against this tax ; but consider- ing that comparatively few of those who usually wrote to me, would pee the paper in which I would give the caution, T declined making such appeal. Th'^re are yet many hundreds of persons in Upper Canada who will, 1 am confident, even now remember gratuitous acts of mine in their behalf. Thus did I struggle onwards until the year 1837. I will not here state any of the particulars of the part I took in the riots in Toronto, and during the two summers of the Cholera in 1832 and 1834 ; nor in dealing with the events which occurred with the Irish settlers, near Perth, in 1823, near Peterboro' in the following year, and in Cornwall during the elections in 1836. But on the departure of Sir John Col- borne, in the last mentioned year, I addressed a letter to his Secretary, requesting that some testimonial in my favor may be left with his suc- cessor. Sir Francis Head ; for I knew that Sir John Colborne had intended to reward me on the occurrence of the first opportunity which might enable His Excellency to do so. The following is a copy of the Secretary's letter in answer : — Sir, Government House, 20th January, 1836. With reference to your communication of the 12th instant, I am directed by the Lieutenant Governor to assure you thftt His Excel- lency is so fully persuaded of your zeal and active services while he has been in the I?rovince, that he has long been desirous of having an opportunity of conferring on you an appointment which might, in some respects, be more in accordance with your vie vs and wishes. His Excellency thinks it but due to you, to express his thanks for your exertions on many occasions in the Public Service, and to notice the sacrifices which you have made of your time and i ;}i''h in carry- ing on the various duties which you have been entrusrcf^ '.o discharge. I am also to add, that His Excellency will leave a copy of this letter with his successor, in order that your character and services may be made known to him. I have the honor to be, Sir, Your obedient servant, Wm. Rowan. James Fitz Gibbon, Esquire, &c. &c. &c. in It was by order of Sir Francis Head that I was sent to Cornwall that year, with fifty stand of arms and ammunition, to be issued there to the Militia, should I deem such issue necessary for the preserva- tion of the peace, which was then threatened by the turbulent con- duct of the great numbers then employed on the Saint Lawrence Canal. The peace was preserved without the issue of the arms, and I returned to Toronto, after the elections were over. Yet, notwithstanding that I have just stated that I would not give any of the particulars of what occurred near Perth, I will do so, be- cause some of them recur at tliis moment to my memory, so forcibly, and upon reflection I think them so important, that I will state some of them hurriedly. On the occurrence of those riots in the Township of Ramsay, the Magistrates applied to Sir Peregrine Maitland for a detachment of troops to be sent to their aid, for the preservation of the peace in the Bathurst District; and in confident expectation that a detachment would be sent from Kingston, two Companies were there held in readiness, and provisions were prepared by the Commissariat to be sent also. His Exc- llency, who then resided in his cottage in Stamford, decided othc .se, and sent me to inquire into the repre- sentations made, and to report the result to him. The circumstances under which I had to obey this ordci* weie, to me, of a distressing character; for I had to go from the grave in which I saw one of my children just interred, to the steamboat, leav- ing my wife in a most feeble state of health. After making such in- quiries as I deemed necessary, and which occupied me many days, both in the Township of Ramsay, and before the Bench of Magistrates at Perth, I returned and made my Report. As an evidence of the effect produced by my proceeiings on that service, I will state that Mr. Attorney General Robinson, after his return to Toronto from attending an Assizes at Perth, some year or two after, was pleased to send me a list of the very few cases tried before that Court, and to congratulate me on the good results which appeared to have grown out of my deal- ings with the two hostile parties of my countrymen, in the district of Bathurst. And Doctor Hubbell, a resident Magistrate in a neigh- bouring district, told me some fifteen years afterwards in Toronto, that he had been surpt'ised and gratified at the peaceable conduct of my countrymen in the Bathurst District ever since I had visited them in 1823. In the year 1335, Sir John Colborne requested of me to form into a corps for drill, such young men of the City of Toronto as desired military instruction, and he would issue rifles from the military stores B fill 1:1 I ■«■■ 10 for their use. His Excellency wished them to be instructed, that they might be qualified to hold Commissions in the Militia. I did so, to the number of seventy, being tlie number of rifles then in store. To en- courage these young men to put tliemselves into uniform I ordered Rifle Dresses for myself and my eldest son, and all followed our ex- ample; thus, still adding to my pecuniary embarrassments. For three summers, tliose of 1835, 1836, and 1837, I drilled those young men twice a week, and for which service 1 never have received any remu- neration, nor did I expect or desire any. Before I begin to relate such of the events of 1837, as I now de- sire to make public, I will here state that having since 1815 clofely ob- served the passing political and religious controvei-sies in Upper Canada, I had long apprehended that they would at length grow into Rebellion. For some years I entertained this apprehension. I was, consequently, the more watchful of every circumstance or event which, from day to day, occurred in the Province. Therefore when some of the people of Lower Canada took up arms, in 1837, to resist the Government, I had no longer any doubt. Between eight and nine o'clock every morning I usually went to my office in the Parliament House, in Toronto, and I frequently met Sir Francis Head on his way to walk for exercise on the long wharf near the Garrison. On these occasions he would address himself to me on the state of the Province; and he soon found that my opinions upon some important points differed greatly from his own. I cannot give a consecutive detail of the many conversations I had with His Excellency. A brief statement of a few of them will shew some of the most im- portant differences. But first I will state that those meetings were so frequent, that I feared His Excellency would think that I threw my- self in his way, and therefore on seeing him at a distance I would sometimes turn into another direction, so that I might not meet him ; but on seeing me do so he would either call aloud to me, or hold up his walking stick, and beckon me to him. When Sir John Colborne asked him how many of the Troops, then in Upper Canada, he could spare for service in Lower Canada, he answered, ALL. This word "ALL" he had some time afterwards printed in large capitals; and accordingly all were sent. The last detachment sent down was that from Penetanguishene, consisting of a Subaltern and thirty men. As this detachment approached Toronto from the North, I urged His Excellency to keep it in the City, to be a nucleus for the Militia to rally round. He answered "No, not a " man ! the doing so would destroy the whole morale of my policy : if " the Militia cannot defend the Province, the sooner it is lost the "better." "Then, Sir," I replied, let us be armed and ready *o "defend ourselves." "No," he continued "I will do nothing; I do " not apprehend a rebellion in Upper Canada:" and the djtachment proceeded to Lower Canada. Six thousand stand of small arms had recently been sent to Toronto from Kingston, with ammunition, and his Excellency ordered that they should be deposited in the Market buildings, in the charge and keep- ing of the city authorities, and two constables were ordered to keep «ratch over them at night. This amount of protection I considered I ^ MM T I 11 altogether insufficient for their safe keeping. I constantly apprehen- ikd that the rebels would corae into the city, individually, and conceal themselves in the houses ot their friends until a sufficient number were at hand, when a rush to the City Hall at any hour during the night, would give them easy and prompt possession of the extensive Market buildings, and their contents; and thus tliey would have not only arms and ammunition, but a very strong place of defence in the heart of the city. To guard against this dreaded danger, I assembled on parade the young riflemen under my tuition, and asked them if they would volunteer to furnish a guard of fifteen or twenty men every night, to take cliarge of the Market buihlings, and to furnish two sen- tries for the Government House, when they promptly and cheerfully answered in the affirmative. Whereupon I called on His Excellency, and male the offer of our services, but lie quickly, and even pettishly refused. I urged the danger to which I considered we were exposed, and stated how I thought the rebels mig'it, individually and secretly, come in and surprise us: ::i answer to which, among other expressions, he use/l the following Avords: — " In short. Colonel Fitz Gibbon, but " that I do not like to undo what I have already done, I Avould have ** those arms brought from the City Hall, and placed here in the " Government House, under the care and keeping of my own doraes- *' tics." further argument I saw must be useless, if not irritating to His Excellency, and I Avithdrew. Before, liowever, I had passed through the outer apartment, His Excellency opened the inner door and called me back, and said, '* Make your offer to me in writing," and he closed the door between us. I then began to hope that he would accept the guard. On returning to iny otlice, I wrote, and sent the offer, accordingly; Avhen to jny surprise, on the following day, I saw it published in the Toronto Patriot. It Avas noAV plain to me, that His Excellency desired to be urged to take measures of defence, that he might show forth to the Province that he had no fear of rebellion, and that thus he might, ultimately, show how much more correctly ho estimated the future, than those did Avho thus urged him to arm tht loyal part of our people, so that they might be able successfully to defend themselves. 1 am convinced that His Excellency AA'as con- fident he could keep all in peace and safety, Avith his own Gouae Quill. Soon after this I had another, and Avliat appeared to me a still more convincing proof of my opinion of His Excellency's mind. 1 had recently been transferred from the command of the 4th Regiment of York Militia, to the command of the 1st Regiment of the City of To- ronto, in which I found some four or five Captains, and only two Subal- terns. To complete the officers I prepared a list of more than twenty candidates for promotion and appointments, and topk it to His Excel- lency myself, for the Adjutant General Avas manifestly so inelllcient that I could not hope for prompt attention tabe paid to my recommen- dations, did I send the list through his ofhoc. His Excellency looked at the list, and said he would do nothing until the following summer. This decision convinced me that I could not hope to move His Excel- lency to take one step for our defence, seeing that he would not even permit the perforraanco of the ordinary, the every day duties which 12 i ! Ml llii I. the law required. The passing occurrences of every day, now almost of every hour, impressed me more and more with the necessity of pre- paring for our deftrsce; and at length I began to think that I might, of my ovn mere motion, do something elficient for the protection of the City at least, if not of the Province. Under this impression I im- mediately acted as follows: I took my pea and wrote down the names of all those men living west of Yonge Street, within the city, upon whose loyalty I thought I could depend. On counting them I found the number amounted to 126. With this list I went to the Government House, and was admitted to His Excellency. I showed him the list, and stated to him that I inten- ded to warn each of those men to go to bed every night having arms loaded near his bedside; and on hearing the College bell ring he should run to me to the Parliament House with his arms: that I intended to call on the Mayor of the City, and advise him to warn, in the same way, all the loyal men living east of Yonge Street; and on the :.'ing- ing of the College bell, which I would take caro should be rung if needed, that he would cause the City bells to ring, and let those east of Yonge Street run to him to the City Hall. I said to His Excel- lency that I considered two places of rendezvous four times better than one place. After a short pause, and while His Excellency was looking over the list, I said, " For the doing of this I desire to have " Your Excellency's sanction : but permit nie to tell Your Excellency " that whether you give me leave or not I am determined to do it." He took the paper from before his face and looked at me with an ex- pression of surprise, or anger, in his face; when I added, " I say so ** with all due respect to Your Excellency, as the Representative of "my Sovereign; but you are so convinced that we are in no danger, "that you will take no measure of precaution; but I, being fully con- " vinced that the danger is most imminent, am determined to take "every measure in my power to devise for the protection of my family " and friends." After a pause and apparent further consideration, he said, " "Well I think this is a good measure, and you have my sanction " for carrying it out." I then thanked His Excellency, and with- drew. Immediately I proceeded to the City Hall, and made my communi- cation to the Mayor, in the presence of Alderman Dixon. I beg that this fact may be remembered ; because when I was assured of the ap- proach of the rebels towards the City on the night of the 4th of December, and therefore caused the College bell to be rung, the City bells were not rung, as agreed upjn, until I lost nearly half an hour of my most valuable time in causing them to be rung, and was pro- ceeding to break the Church door open, when the key was at length brought. After leaving the City Hall I proceeded to warn the loyal men and commenced with Captain Macaulay of the Royal Engineers, then retired from the service, and living in Toronto, in the West end of the City. I continued onwards from house to house, until I came to that of the Chief Justice. I found him alone in his Library. I showed bim my list, and stated my object. J^ter some pause he said, " Colo- " nel Fitz Gibbon, I cannot partake of your apprehensions, and I am 13 im- 'ing- 'I " sorry to see you alarming the people in this way." I then repeated to him what I had said to Sir Francis Head, and added that no hu- man power should prevent me from taking every possible measure to guard against surprise. But I had so great a respect for the Chief Jus- tice that, to meet his wishes as fur as I could, I agreed to Avarn the heads of families only, and not the young men. And here I beg leave to state that 1 did not then, nor have I evei*, blamed the gentlemen of Toronto who Averethon so incredulous. They had as deep interests to protect as any could have, and would be as prompt to defend them did they in reality apprehend danger. But I state this expression of the Cliief Justice that the value of his testi- mony in my favor, which I will hereafter give, may be duly appre- ciated ; for I will show that his conduct in my behalf thereafter was most generous, I may truly say magnanimous: contrasted with that of Sir Francis Head it was really so. As I warned each individual I marked his name on the list, but the Rebellion broke out before I had warned quite fifty out of the one hundred and twenty-six. [And here I request that reference may be had at once to the Chief Justice's letter to the Bishop of Toronto; and also his letter to me, hereinafter inserted.] On the morning of Saturday, the 2nd of December, I was in my office taking down the information of a man from the Township of Markham, previous to my swearing him to it, I being then a Justice of the Peace. Before I had gone through with the case, a gentleman from another, and more distant part of the country, north of Toronto, came in, and desired to speak with me alone. I took him into the Speaker's Room, and hearing his statement, which I considered as most important, I determined to take him with me at once to the Government House; but he positively refused to accompany me. He said the rebels knew that he had urgent business to transact in town, and they believed that for that only had he come in ; but that if they suspected he came to give information, he had no doubt they would assassinate him. I still urged him, but in vain. He said ho could not depend for secrecy upon any one else in town, and he would not.* On going from the Parliament House, I said to him that His Excellency w ould no doubt desire to hear his statement from his own lips, and again urged him to let mo know where in Town I could send for him, should His Excellency insist upon seeing him; and at last ho consented, and did tell me. On arri>i.ig at the Government House, and sending in my name, 1 was shown in to His Excellency's presence, and found assembled with him the Members of his Council, some of the Judges, the Attorney General, and the Speaker of the Assembly. I communicated the in- formation I had just received, and stated the objection made by my informant to his appearing personally before any other pei'son. After some conversation it was decided that I should summon him before His Excellency, and I did so. Before he came, much discussion took ♦To account for this confidence in me, especially, I must state that I had been, for some years before, Deputy Provincial GranA Master of the Free Masons in Upper Canada. jllllll^ll lipi^^^^M III! Fi t 14 place on the state of the Province, in which I was invited or permitted to take a part. No one present appeared to have any apprehension of approacliing danger. I expressed mine very strongly, and from time to time urged upon His Excellency the necessity of arming in our defence. Upon one occasion, Judge Jones, who sat next to me on my riglit hand, turned towards me and snid, " You do not mean to say that "these peojde arc going to rebel?" To wliich 1 answered "Most "distini!tly 1 do, sir." AVhereupon he turned from me towards his Excellency and exclaimed, most contemptuously, "Piigh! Pugh!" I instantly threw out my hand, and looked around the circle until I saw all silent, and then said, " Which of you, gentlemen, would have pro- " phesied one month ago that the Lower Canadians would now be in "open rebellion as lliey an^? — and have not these people been repeat- "edly drillt^d and practised with ball cartridge in the neighbourhood "of this City, and will they not go further?" And on. my pausing, jVIrr Jones said "there is some truth in that." I then thought I had made a convert of him. But no ; lor on Monday night, only two days after, when I galloped from house to house, calling upon one man to go and call his neighbour, that I might multiply the means of arou- sing the people from their beds, I sent a gentleman to call Judge Jones, whose residence was opposite; and when the Judge came forth into the street, he roughly asked, " What is all this noise about? who "desired you to call me?" he was answered " Colonel Fitz Gibbon," when he exclaimed, " Oh, the over-zeal of that man is giving us a " great deal of trouble." And yet had it not been for this over-zeal it is possible that h3 would have been one of the victims which would in all human probability have been sacriliced by the Rebels, on that night, had they i)roved successful. But to return to the meeting on Saturday : — On the arrival of the gentleman who had been sent for, His Excellency and the Attorney General examined him in an adjacent room ; and on tlieir return the Attorney General said " The statement made to us by Mr. ^djes " not make half the impression upon one's mind as was made by Col. " Fitz Gibbon's statement : the information he brings is at third or " fourth hand." Upon which I said, " The information he brings is " at second and third hand, not at fourth hand ; — but what impres- " sion does it make on the man's own mind I Has he not seer in a " blacksmith's forge, bags lilled with what he has no doubt are pike " heads ? Has he not f^ei^n the handles already made, and the timber pre- " pared for more, which he was told were intended for hay-rakes " or pitch-forks ? And has he any doubt at all of the object of the " preparations which he, .i'rom day to day, has seen making in his "neighbourhood?" "Whereupon the Hon. Wm. Allan said, ""What " would you have, genth-men ? Do you expect the Rebels will gome " and give you information at first hand ? How can you expect such " infoi'mation but at second, third or i'ourth band ? I am as lon^ in " this country as most of you, gentlemen ; I know the people of this " country as well as most of you, and I agree i.i every word spoken ** here to-day by Col. Fitz Gibbon, and think that an hour should not *' be lost without ]neparing ourselves for defence." Up to this period not a word was spoken by any one present in, I 5 Ml 15 mj support ; and these expressions greatly relievptl and encouraged me. After Mr. Allan liad done pju'aking, I turned towards His Ex- cellency and said, "In short, Sir, Avhen I came here this morning, I " expected that Your Kxcellciicy would give inc leave to go into thn '* streets and take up every half pay olliec^r and discIiarg(Ml soldier I '* could find in the City, and place tiiein this vim'v day, in t!ie Garrison '* to defend it." To this, Ilis I'^xccUeury answered, *' Whiit would the " people of Engl.md sny were we thus to iirin ? And, hesidcs, were " you to pass the Militia by, i!i(\v would feel tlieiuselves insulted." To which I replied, ^"Pardon me. Your Excellency, they would rejoice " to see ine organize the Military to be a nucleus for them to rally « ronnd." This meeting, or Council, snt for five or six hour.-J, and when I withdrew from it and reflected upon all that had passed, of which I here state but a few pai'ticulars, I did fear that I should be looked upon by those present as a presumptuous and arrogant man : for I spoke with great earnestness and fervor. On Monday morning, between eight and nine o'clock, His Exc(dlency sent his Secretary for me, and on coming into his presence, he had in his hand, a Militia General Order, appointing me to act as Adjutant General of Militia ; and having read it to me, he told me I may sign the general orders and Jther documents issuing from the Department, as Adjutant General. After a moment's pause I observed that if I did so, it would expose me to a charge of assuming to be what I Avas not : that the law allowed but one Adjutant General, and that Colonel Cof- fin still held the office. I therefore ventured to suggest that I should add to my signature " Acting Adjutant General," to which His E^xcel- lency asseuti d. I state this fact here, because it Avill corroborate other facts which I shall have to state hereafter, and which will show how easily His ICxcellency departed from a due regai'd to veracity when his interests or his feelings prompted him to do S(>. On this day, Monday, His Pixcellency pre[)ared a Militia General Order, appealing to the Officers commanding Kegiments and Corps in the Province, and conveying instructions for their guidance under the circumstances mentioned therein. A copy of this I took to the Queen's Printer ; but it could not be circulated before the out-break, which occurred the night of that same day. As that night approached I became more and more apprehe.isivc of approaching danger. I determined not to sleep again in my own house, which, being some distance from any other house, might be rea- dily surrounded, and my cjipture or destruction easily accomplished ; and McKenzie had recently in his newspaper made especial mention of me, by name, as the Teacher of the young men of the Volunteer Corps. I had no doubt, therefore, of being a marked man. I conse- quently determined to sleep in my office in the Parliament House, until I should consider all danger over. Late in the day I invited several gentlemen to come to the Parliament House and watch with me during the night, and many came in consequence. About ten o'clock, because of some occurrence, which I now forget, I went over to the Government House, where I found Mrs. Dalrymple, His Excellency's sister, and his danghtcr. Miss Head, at work with mmf wmmmmmm i J!' i I: 16 their needles. I told Mrs. Dnlrymple that I desired to see His Excel- lency. She said he was in bed. "Nevertheless, Madam, I desire to " see liim." " Tie retired early, being fatigued, and it is hard that he " should be disturbed." " Still, Madam, I think it most important that •* I should see him ; but if he will not come down, I must go to his " bedside." lie was sent for, and soon came in his dressing gown. I told him that I apprehended some outbreak would take place that very night, which foar I deemed it my duty to communicate to him, leaving His Excellency to give it what attention he pleajsed : that if he retired again, I would take care that he should not be surprised. He did retire and I withdrew. Before another hour elapsed I was informed that a body of the Rebels was approaching the city from the north. Whereupon I instantly sent Mr. Cameron, then a student at law, and now the Solicitor General for Canada West, to ring the Col- lege bell, which he immediately did. At the same time I mounted a horse belonging to the House Messenger, and in a stable at hand, and galloped from iiouse to house in the west end of the town, calling the people out of their beds, and directing them to run to the Parliament House with their loaded arms, for that the Rebels were approaching the city. I called Mr. Stanton, and made him call Judge McLean, wiiose house was next to his. I called another gentleman and bade him call Judge Jones ; and this I did in order to multiply the means of arousing the people. When Mr. Jones came into the street he asked, angrily, " What is all this noise about ? who desired you to call me ?" and was answered, " Colonel Fitz Gibbon," when he exclaimed, " Oh ! the over " zeal of that man is giving us a great deal of trouble." This fact I have already stated, +o elucidate more clearly the force of what I then mentioned, as in connexion with it, and to remove all doubt of the incredulity of all the principal Members of the Government, down to the very last moment, Avith the single exception of the Honorable Wm. Allan. As I went from house to house, I listned for the ringing of the City bells, but several minutes having elapsed and no bells rung, I galloped to St. James' Church, which I found yet shut. I called aloud for some one to run for the keys, and after waiting for some considerable time, I called aloud for axes to break the door open, when at length the keys were brought and the door was opened. In accomplishing this, I lost nearly half an hour of my most valuable time. I then gave directions in the City Hall to break open the cases in which the arms were deposited and to issue them rapidly to the men as they came in. Everything being now in motion I desired to ascertain what pro- bable time would elapse before the Rebels would enter the City, and I therefore rode out Yonge Street, accompanied by two young students at law, Messrs. Brock and Bellingham, who were then near me, and also mounted. We proceeded as far as the bridge and Causeway, lately made over the ravine, in front of Rosedale, the Sheriff's resi- dence, about two miles from the market place, and meeting no one, and every thing being perfectly quiet along the road, I began to think the alarm I gave was premature, and t;hat I was exposing myself to ridicule by my extraordinary proceedings. But seeing that I had now time to return and form a strong piquet and place it on Yonge Street, ') sti Bii;: i 17 to meet the Rebuls, I determined togalloi) back lor tliat purpose. But still desiring to learn where tlie Uebels were, if indeed at all approaehing, I expressed my regret that I had not Avith me a few more mounted men and with arms, for we were without any, that they might ride as far as Montgomei'y's, then two miles from us, to reconnoitre. The young men instantly and eagerly offered to do so, but I would not con- sent, partly because they were unarmed, and partly that Mr. Brock had been sent to Canada, and recommended to ray care by his father, Major Brock, of Colchester, who had formerly served in the 49th Regiment with me, and who had, some short time before, generously lent mo £1,500 sterling. I shrunk from thus exposing his son to such danger. But the young men pressed me so importunately that I consented. Now, at this moment, the Rebels were within two hundred yards of us, silently marching towards town, and in two minutes after the young men left me, they met them in the dark and were made prisoners. I was then returning rapidly towards town and soon met Mr. Alder- man Powell, and Mr. McDonald, the Wharfinger, riding outwards ; and on asking them their object in going out, Mr. Powell said he was desirous of ascertaining if the Rebels were, in fact, at Montgomery's, as lie had just been told. I expressed my great satisfaction and told him that Messrs. Brock and Bellingham were already proceeding before him for the same purpose, and begged of him to ride on quickly and overtake them, and we parted. In a few minutes after they also met the Rebels, who called upon them to surrender. Mr. Powell, however, being armed, drew a pistol and shot their leader dead as he approached him, and then turning his horse, he galloped back towards town. On arriving at the Toll-Gate he found it shut, and no one answering his call, and supposing he was pursued, he quitted his horse and ran through the woods and fields to the Government ITouse, and went at once to His Excellency's bedside and acquainted him with what was passing. On my arriving in town, but yet ignorant of what had just occurred behind me, I also went to the Governor's House to let His Excellency know all that I had done, where I met Mr. Powell coming down from His Excellency's bed-rocm, and he told me what had just occurred to him. I passed up to His Excellency and advised him to dress quickly and come with me to the City Hall, and that while he was dressing I would ride down to the end of Yongc Street, and ascer- tain whether or not the Rebels had yet come so far, as if they had, we must gain the Court House by one of the front streets, not liable, just then, to be traversed by them ; and I did so. But on approaching the end of that street I saw some seven or eight men grouped together, and I called aloud, desiring one of them to approach and let me know who they were ; but they all quickly ran behind the two corners of that and King Street. Being unarmed| and not doubting but that many concealed Rebels were ready in town to join those coming in, I did not venture to approach them, but galloped rapidly b^ck towards the Government House, from which I saw His Excellency issue with two or three of his servants, all armed, and I led him by a front street to the City Hall. On proceeding to form a piquet I learned that Judge Jones had already formed one and had marched it to tho Toil-Gate on Yonge 18 i^ n ■ ! ) Street, whither I itumediatcly rode, and soon learned that the Rebels had returned to Montgomery's. I afterwards learned that they did so because their leader was killed, and because they heard the bells ringing in the City. Sentries were now carefully posted, and soon two men on horse- back, riding cautiously inwards, were secured by them. These men pretended tliat they were coming to town on business. They had no arms. They admitted that they passed through the Rebels who did not molest them ; and they gave the first information of the shooting of Colonel Moodie, who they saw lying on a bed, dying. I sent them to the City Hall and placed them in custody. The remainder of the night was spent in arming and organizing the citizens. On the following morning, at sun-rise, accompanied by Captain Halkett, of the Guards, His Excellency's Aide-de-camp, and four others, mounted, I rode out and reconnoitred the Rebels, who it was said, were felling trees and fortifying their position at Montgomery's. I found they had done nothing ; that the road was perfectly open and well macadamized, and that in less than two hours they could be attacked by a force from town. I had already formed in platoons, in the Market square, upwards of five hundred men ; and one six poun- der field-piece, was manned and loaded in front of the City Hall. I therefore galloped into town to pray of His Excellency to let me take three hundred of those men and the six-pounder, and make an instant attack upon the Rebels. I will not attempt to describe the feelings of exultation which filled my mind while galloping into town. I eagerly begged of His Excellency to let me take that number of the men then Ibrmed in the square and the six-pounder, and I assured him that there need be no doubt but that in two hours we would disperse the Rebels. But to my surprise he almost angrily exclaimed, " O " no, sir! 1 will not fight them on their ground, they must fight me on " mine !" Filled with such unexpected and deep disappointment I mentally exclaimed, " Good God ! what an old woman I have here to " deal with !" I cannot, even now, refrain from thus declaring these, my thoughts, exactly as they then arose in my mind, unbeco- ming aS) to many, this declaration, perhaps, may appear. And no doubt the expression of my continuance indicated what was then passing within me. In vain did I use every argument I could, to obtain leave to attack the Rebels instantly ; for I considered a prompt defeat to be of the utmost importance to our cause in the very outset ; but I soon found that my arguments produced upon His Excellency irritation only. This day, Tuesday, was passed in further preparation. In the evening I was forming a piquet to be placed on Yonge Street during the night ; for the one placed there the night before by Judge Jones he withdrew in the morning. His Excellency from a window above saw me, and sent for me and asked what I was doing.: I answered, " Forming " a piquet to be placed on Yonge Street." He quickly and impera- tively said, " Do not send out a man." To which I said. " I cannot " endure to leave the City open tothe incursions of these ruffians !" He continued : " "We have not men enough to defend the City ; let us " defend onr posts : — and it is my positive order that you do not leave this 19 " building yourself." To which I said, " I pray of Your Excellency *' not to lay such imperative orders upon me : 1 ought to be in many " places, and I ought to be allowed to exercise a discretionary power " where you are not near to give me orders." But His Excellency only repeated his orders more imperatively. I retired from the pre- sence of those around me, and reflected intensely on all the circum- stances by which we were surrounded. I had no doubt of the importance of having a piquet on Yonge Street to stop the approach of the Rebels from Montgomery's, should they attempt to enter the City. From what I had seen of night-fighting, I knew full well thqt a handful of men opening a fire upon them as they advanced, would at once make them run back. Whereas if they were not resisted they might come in with the more confidence and set fire to the city ; and thus give confidence to their friends in town, and also, in the country at large, and thereby paralize the spirit of the Loyalists every where. I there- fore formed a piquet in a place where His Excellency could not see me, and placed Mr. Sheriff Jarvis at the head of it, and marched it out myseif and posted it ; giving the Sheriff such instructions as the place and circumstances seemed to me to require. I then returned to the City Hall ; and as I approached it I debated with myself whether I should state to His Excellency that I had so posted the piquet ; and I deemed it most candid to do so I therefore reported to him what I had done, and he rebuked me for it : certainly not angrily, but in milder terms than I expected from him. In the course of an hour, however, a report reached him that the Sheriff and piquet were made prisoners by the Rebels, and then he reproached me in angry terms for what I had done. I will here state that in dealing with the authorities around me I found some of them more ready to dictate to me than to obey my orders, and I was thus forced to speak to such in decided terms, and sometimes in the most imperative tone, even to threatening an officer of rank that I would cut him down, and which I assuredly would have done had he not instantly obeyed my orders. And this was on the morning of the day on which the attack upon the rebels was made. I had sent for the three last kegs of ball cartridges which remained unissued, to be distri- buted to a portion of the force intended for the attack ; but finding some delay in its being brought, I galloped to the wagon wherein it had been placed, and there I found Colonel Chisholm in the wagon, rolling outoneof the kegs, when I said, "What are you about. Colonel Chisholm? I have sent for that ammunition to be distributed where it is most wanted," when he answered most bluntly, " But my men want it too. Sir, and I will have it." I then said, " Colonel Chisholm, your detach- ment is going to the Peacock Tavern, where there is no enemy, and therefore they are not to have ammunition which is so much wanted elsewhere." When again putting his hands to the keg he exclaimed, " I am determined to keep this for my men, let what will happen !" I instantly put my hand upon the hilt of my sabre and cried aloud, "Quit the wagon this instant. Sir, or I'll cut you down!" He looked at me and appeared to hesitate, and I repeated my order still more sternly: " Instantly quit the wagon or you are a dead man !" and instantly I would have cut him down had he not instantly obeyed. Now, Colonel I I • 20 Ciiisholm was a paiticular iVicnd of mine, and u most wortliy man, and with whom I hud often served during the lato war ; but the circum- stances of the moment imperatively required from me such unHinchlng exercise of autliority. Excited therefore by His Kxcellency's rebuke I said, in no mikl tone, •* I do not believe the report, your Excellency — the Sheriff is not a fool; he lias been well posted and well instructed, and I have every confidence in him." Very soon after a second report was brought, that the Sheriff and his piquet were running into town through the fields in twos and threes, which seemed to appease His Excellency u little. In a few minutes more Mr. Cameron, the young student already men- tioned, came from the Sheriff to inform His Excelleny that the rebels had approached his position when his piquet fired upon them, and they fled, leaving some of their men dead upon the road. It was ascertained the following day that they were coming in to set the town on fire. A Captain Mathias, on the half pny of the Royal Artillery, who lived near the Toll Gate on Yonge Street, was coming into town on horseback, when he fell in with the rebels, who made him a prisoner, and h^ had to ride in iheir midst towards town, when he learned, from what ho overheard of their conversation, that their object was to set the City oa fire. Thus, in this particular instance, was the City saved from being set on fire by a measure of mine, carried out in direct disobedience of His Excellency's positive command, delivered by himselt to me, personally. Yet for this great service Sir Francis Head did not, in his Despatch, give me the least credit ; nor for any other service, saving and excep- ting what is given in the following short paragraph : " Accordingly, on Thursday morning, I assembled our forces, under the direction of the Adjutant General of Militia, Colonel Fitz Gibbon, Clerk of the House of Assembly." A man of magnanimous, or even of candid mind, vould the more readily have given me credit for it, because it was done contrary to his own order. But had he given me credit for any considerable part of all I did he could not make many of the misstatements which ap- pear in his Despatch, because their ingeniously contrived phraseology, being placed in juxtaposition with a true statement of my proceedings would at once show that they were elaborately devised misrepresenta- tions. Take for example, the two following paragraphs, and with them my statement, hereafter given, of the circumstances relative to the burning of Gibson's house, which His Excellency's own admission, in his published " Narrative," in part confirms, and a suflliciently accurate estimate may be formed of this extraordinary Despatch, scarcely one paragraph of which is free from false colouring, exaggeration, or absolute, and elaborately contrived misrepresentations of facts clearly known and fully understood by Sir Francis Head : " Mr. Mackenzie and his party, finding that at every point they were " defeated in a moral attack which they had made upon the British cou- " stitution, next determined to excite their adherents to have recourse to '* physical strength. Being as ready to liieet them on that ground as " I had already been to meet them in a moral struggle, I gave them every "possible advantage. 1 in no way availed myself of the immense ri 21 " resources) of tliulJiitisli Empire ; on tliccoiitnirv, I purposely di.iiiiiased " from the I'rovinco the whole of our troopsi. I allowed Mr. iMackonzio " to write wliiit ho ohortc, sui/ what Jkj cliodo, and do wimt Ikj chose ; "and waited with folded avrui until lie hud colleeted his rebel furcef, " and had actually coniineneed his attack. "I then, as a solitary individuiil, called upon the Militia of U])per "Canada to defend uw, and the result has been as I havo stated, viz: "that the people of Upper Canada came to me when I called them; "tliat they completely defeated JNIr. JMackenzie's adherents, and drovo "him anil his rebel ringleaders from the land." It is now manifest that if all had remained as inactive as His Excel- lency did, and as he desired all others to remain, no call from him could have ever gone forth to the Militia; as the City would have been sur- prised by the rebel.-", and he would have been sacrificed to their rngo } against him ; for they had determined to put him and the Attorney General to death. Yet these two men, and these chiefly, if not only, were the men to conceal, as far as they could, from the Sovereign and from the Nation, the services so well known to them, whic'i the Almighty enabled me to render, in despite of their own discouragement and opposition. And these wrongs becoming known, in part to tho Members of the Legislature, no doubt increased those feelings which prompted them to move in any bclu.l.", as they did, in a few weeks after the Rebellion was suppressed. And when tho Despatch was received in Toronto, the citizens were so indignant at the inju .tice done me by Sir Francis Head, that tliey had a public meeting, and passed Resolutions, praying of the Provincial Government, to grant an acre of land in the city to me, and further resolving to subscribe money to build a house thereon for me. Appli- cation was therefore made to Sir George Arthur for the grant, and books of subscription were placed in the Banks ; but active efforts were immediately made by one high in office to quash all further pro- ceedings, and those efforts were successful ; it being speciously ui-ged that the measures already adopted by the Legislature would be unfa- vorably affected by those now prosecuted by the citizens. The proceedings of that meeting were published in the Toronto Patriot in the month of May 1838. Now tho official and political conduct of this man, whose agencies quashed those proceedings, did more to urge men to Rebellion in Upper Canada than that of any other public man in the Province; and next to Sir Francis Head, was he active in discouraging every Tuan fi'om taking any measure of defer ee, previous to the Rebellion. Yet did Sir Francis Head appropriate two thousand pounds out of tho Crown Fund in Upper Canada, to purchase half an acre of land from that official, ostensibly for the use of the Government, but which, to this day, nearly ten years after, has not been applied to any use what- ever. Thus one man whose conduct nearly caused the loss of a Pro- vince, and partly led to the loss of some 1-ves, and of vast treasure, is thus favored, while another whose conduct has produced the most opposite results, and in whooe behalf the Legislature of Upper Canada and the citizens of Toronto have repeatedly prayed that he should be rewarded, has been left to suffer as I have been left. The unprofita- mmmm 22 r I f ■V- i ble servant lias been proraptlj, lavishly, and corruptly rewarded for \mdmervicei while instead of the reward so often prayed for, being promptly and graciously given to the other for a great service, he has been subjected to mental torture for nine long years. In truth he has been cruelly punished. And these things have oco ed under British Authorities, and in the middle of the nineteenth century. Take as another example of Sir Francis Head's crafty misrepresen- tation the following paragraph from his Despatch, with my, statement which follows: " Mr. Mackenzie under these favourable circumstances, having been " previously permitted by me to make e^ery preparation in his power, " a concentration of his deluded adherent;?, and an attack upon the " City of Toronto, wms secretly settled to take place on the night of "the 19th instant. IIowe\or, in con?3quence of a Mihtia Gene- " ral Order which 1 issued, it was deemed advisable that these " arrangements should be hurried; and accordingly, Mr. Mackenzie's " deluded victims, travelling through the forests by cross roads, " found themselves assembled at four o'clock on the evening of Mon- " day the 4th instant, as Rebels, at Montgomery's Tavern, which is " on the Yonge Street macsdaraized road, about four miles from the « City." Now the order mentioned here was not issued from the Government House, until Monday the 4th of December, the very day of the out- break, on which day, I carried it to the Queen's Printer to be printed; and it was not circulated until after that day, and I doubt if it has ever been circulated: so that Mr. Mackenzie could have had no knowledge of its existence when he assembled his followers at Montgomery's, for lie had left town several days before, for the purpose of assembling them. Yet Sir Francis Head in his Despatch of the 19th of December makes the statement which I have here copied; although he then well knew that it could not then have liad any such effect. If Mackenzie was moved to hurry his measures by anything doing in Toronto, it could only have been by tht pre- cautions which I had been taking for some weeks before, and which were known to so many, that he most i)robably hr.d heard of them. In fact this General Order was written by Sir Francis Head, in conse- quence of my statements before His Excellei^cy, and His Excellency's Council, and the Judges, on Saturday, and only two days before.* Adjutant General's Office, Toronto, 4th December, 1837. Militia General Order. Ilis Excellency the Lieutenant Govenor has pleasure in announ- cing to the Militia of Upper Canada, that in consequence of the present disturbed state of the Lower Province, several Regiments have gallantly expressed their readiness to co-operate in case of necessity with Her Majesty's Troops, in protecting th^ir fellow subjects in Lower *nic ninth clause of lhf> Militia Law, td which ihp Colonpis are rpferrcd by His Exoplloncy, was pointed ont to him at that meetino; by *h<> Chief Justice, as that by which the Oolonels should be guided. And here 1 insert the General Order at full length. to th( 23 Cunadu, in the maintenance of the revered hiws and institutions ol' the British Empire. While this spirit, so honorable to Upper Canada, and so fully in accordance with the character of its inhabitants, has been manifested in various portions ot the Province, His Excellency has witli regret received information from various quarters, that in certain portions of the Home and London Districts, a number of individuals have been seen assembled, as if for the purpose of drilling, some of them beai'in«' arms, although not called upon by public autliority, nor acting under the orders of any Olficer appointed by t'le Crown. Whatever may be the motive of such assemblies, the Lieutenant Govenor is of opinion that they are calculated to excite alarui in the minds of all peaceable inhabitants, and that being contrary to law, they are inconsistent with that duty and allegiance which it is the pride of all faithful subjects to cherish. The Lieutenant Governor has therefore determincvl to call upon all persons in public authority, as well as upon all classes of Her Majesty's subjects in Upper Canada, to unite together in maintaining the high character which this Province now holds in the esteem and affection of the T'Tother Country, by discountenancing such meetings, and by doing all ili their power to discover and make known those who promote and take part in them. With this object in view, the Lieutenant Governor directs that the Colonels of Militia throughout the Province shall, upon receiving this Order, call out their respective Regiments, and acquaint them of the above circumstances ; and also that His Excellency's offer to Sir John Colborne, of Her Majesty's Troops who were in this Province, has been accepted — that Her Majesty's stores, arms and ammunitions, have been entrusted by His Excellency to the civil authorities — and that the period has consequently arrived for His Excellency to call upon the Militia of Upper Canada to do justice to the honorable confi- dence which under circumstances so flattering to their character, has been publicly reposed in their valour and in their loyalty. Upon the Militia of Upper Canada, as the Constitutional Force of the Country, the Lieutenant Governor relies with confidence for aiding the civil powers, firmly to maintain the laws, and to protect all classes of the Queen's subjects in the full enjoyment of their rights and liberties ; and His Excellency is fully assured, that if necessity should arise, the inhabitants of Upper Canada will not fail to place on record an honorable examph? of a people who, appreciating the blessings, of peace and freedomj will allow no political differences of opinion *to prevent them, Avhen duly called upon, uniting to support their religion, the cown, and the laws. His Excellencj therefore directs the Colonels of Militia through- out the Pxovince, immediately to make such arrangements as may appear to tUam most judicious, for enabling their respec^'ve corps to act with promptness and effect, should any emcigency render their services necessary. And in case the civil authorities should find oc- casion to suppress an illegal meeting, His Excellency especially refers to the 9th section of the Militia Act, passed in the 48th year of the Reign of His lato Majesty George the Third, relying that the of* jmm. m 24 ficera commnndiiig Regiments will, with aincrity, firmness, nnd discre- tion, exercise the j)Owera tlierein given thera, of suppi'essing with the force of their respective Regiments, any attempts that may be made to oi)pose^the Civil Magistrates, or to diaturb the peace of the country. The Lieiitennant Governor is proud to believe that Upper Canada is the only portion of the British Empire divested of Military support, and he feels confident that the Mother Country as well as the conti- nent of America, respect the steady peaceful conduct which at present so peculiarly distinguishes the inhabitants of the Upper Province of the Canadas. By order of His Excellency, James Fitz Gibbon, Acting Adjutant General of Militia, Let me again return to the proceedings in the City buildings. In fifteen minutes afterwards, His Excellency came to me with an open letter in his hand, which warned him that the Rebels intended before day, to come in and set fire to the City, in many places at once, and in the hope that the Market buildings might thus be burned, and our armed force therein be driven from their several defences. Down to this moment the idea of the Rebels setting fire to the City had not occurred to us. The letter was anonymous. His Excellency then ordered that I should proceed at once to have the spare arms and ammunition removed to the Parliament buildings, which being isol ited were not exposed to danger from any surrounding buildings, as in our present position we were. After a moment's reflection I con- sidered such a movement in the dark us most dangerous, for many reasons. We had no wagons or other carriages ready, nor could we readily procure them at that hour of the night; and this I stated to His Excellency. He then desired that the armed men should lay down their arms, and each man take four or five muskets on liis shoul- ders, and thus send them up, load after load, a distance of about half a mile, until all were removed. Now^, at the hour in qu ~tion, these men had been confined w^ithin the buildings, some twenty-four hours, suffering more or less from cold and hunger, and want of rest. I will not now give in detail the thoughts which I entertained as to the consequences of taking these men from their several positions of defence, in Avhich they had been placed with much care and trouble, and where they had been instructed how to act if attacked. They had not, as yet, been formed into squads or companies, having sergeants and corporals to guide them. The utmost confusion, I had no doubt, must follow their dispersion in the dark; and leaving their own arms lying in he City Hall loaded; the Rebels would soon become acquain- ted with tha* confusion, and would no doubt, make some movement to avail themselves of its advantages to them; our men would be exposed to every kind of panic; and in any event I had no doubt that many would go to their homes for rest and refreshment; and thus would our present organization at doors and Avindows, and on the roofs of houses be broken up, and in the middle of a dark night we would be scat- tered abroad, in circumstances the most critical and dangerous. I represented all this to His Excellency, and prayed of him to delay the i Gei son the din: 25 I discrc- ig with may be ;e of the Canada support, le conti- present vince of ON, Militia. ;s. with an intended at once, ned, and Down had not ncy then rms and I isol ited ;s, as in 1 I Con- or many could we stated to lould lay [lis shoul- of about qu ~tion, enty-four t of rest, oed as to sitions of 1 trouble, rhey had sergeants no doubt, )wn arms I acquain- vement to e exposed hat many would our of houses be scat- ;erous. I delay the <4S rcmoTal until after daylight; and that in the meantime I would place men in the neighbouring churches and buildings, so as to keep the Rebels at such a distance as- would protect us until then. But His Excellency persisted in ordering the movement to be commenced as he had directed. I continued to remonstrate, for I apprehended the worst consequences from the movement, and after some time I turned and walked a short distance from him, endeavouring to devise some argu- ment to dissuade him, or some better means of accomplishing the removal. He quickly followed me, and angrily asked, *' Do you mean " to disobey my orders?" I anstvered, "No, Sir, but I desire toconsi- ** der how I can ])est obey them, for they fill me with apprehension." At this critical moment a shout from below announced the arrival of Colonel Macnab, with upwards of sixty men from Hamilton. I instantly said, "Now, Sir, we are safe till morning, for with this rein- " forcement we can guard every approach to any distance from which " we can be injured:" and he yielded. The reinforcement added little, in fact, to our security, but I eagerly seized upon the ai'gument it affor- ded me, to keep all things as they were until daylight. During the remainder of the night we were not disturbed, and on the following day, Wednesday, we made the necessary transfer to the Parliament buildings. In the course of that day, the Attorney General met me in one of the passages of the Parliament House, and showed me a Militia Gene- ral Order, appointing Colonel Macnab to the command of the Militia in the Home District, and to which order ray name was affixed. I confess I was on the point of seizing the Attorney General by the breast and demanding "who had dared to put my name to that order?" But reflecting upon the critical circumstances by which we were sur- rounded, I feared that any discord might produce unforeseen, and perhaps irremediable evils. I therefore let it pass. It will be seen hereafter why this Order was issued without my knowledge; for the mode of carrying out the objects intended was, specially to be con- cealed from me as long as it was possii 'e. During this day, Wednesday, reinforcements came in from Hamil- ton and Niagara by Avater, and from the countiy by the easte. nd western roads. The city was noAV becoming crowded. "We were with- out organization, without any sufficient Commissariat for the moment. It became therefore imperatively necessary to attack the Rebels with the least possible delay. Night came on, however, and no order was yet is^sued to prepare for an attack. Surprised at this, but yet reluc- tant to urge His Excellency, I waited until eight o'clock, when I \\ jnt to the Government House, to which he had returned from the Market buildings, and there learned that he was at the Archdeacon's. On returning to the Parliament House, I met the Hon. Mr. Allan and Mr. Draper, and requested of them to accompany me to urge His Excellency to order the attack on the following morning. They readily complied, and we found His Excellency with the Archdeacon, the Attorney General, the Honorable Robert Sullivan, and I believe another per- son not now remembered by me. After some conversation I stated the object of our calling, but to my surprise I found little corrrespon- ding desire to act so promptly. Wc sat hero for abou* two hours, and D ?■'■■ lit,' 111 I! 'Hi ^ii 26 out of all that was said I will state but a few particulars. I used many arguments to show the necessity of making the attack on the following day, and I was surprised that there should be any hesitation upon the question; nor could I then account for such hesitation; for the necessity appeared to me self-evid' nt. At length His Excellency consented to order the attack, and I instantly rose to depart, because I had not rode round the piquets and guards for the last three hours. On my rising, Mr. Allan took hold of my cloak, and bade me sit down again, and I did so, Avhen he said, " I apprehend there is some misun* " derstanding here. It is plain from Vhat Colonel Fitz Gibbon has " said this evening, that heexpecis to command at the attack!" Where- upon I threw myself back in my chair, and mentally exclaimed, " Why " to be sure I do!" and JMr. Allan continued; — "but Colonel Macnab " told me this day, tliat His Excellency promised him the command!" Upon this a pause followed, and the Attorney General rather hesita- tingly said, " Why, as His Excellency has appointed Colonel Macnab ** to command the Militia in the Home District, it is a matter in " course that he should command at the attack." To this I said, " It " is not at all a matter in course. Sir, His Excellency may appoint you " or any one else he may please, to command an expeditionary force " like this, intended for a particular service, without any reference to *' the commander of any district." I soon after withdrew, but no further decision was then made as to who should command. The motives and the object of His Excellency and the Attorney General became now still more obvious to me, but the exposure of them here would greatly add to the length of this appeal, already extending to a greater length than I at first anticipated. After riding round the line of Piquets I went to my house to take some rest; for I had not slept at all since the night of Sunday. On arriving I learned that some suspicious persons had been fii'ed at near my house just before I arrived. Therefore, to avoid all risk of sur- prise, I wrces in an lonel Mac- isign some ) I eight or ten months, and held no rank at all in the Militia when I was already a full Colonel. I confess that I was HUed with indi;?natlon at an assertion which His Excellency must have known he was wliolly unjustified in making. And when J did spoak I used, among other expressions, the following words, arrogant though they may appear to many: " I little expected to find any Militia-inan in the Province " competing a Command with me under such circumstances as these " in which we are now involved: " — and turning to Judge Alncaulay, who had served in the same Regiment with me during tlie late War, I said, " If there be any Militia-man in Upper Canada who has any " pretension to compete with me on this occasion, this is the man." Whereupon Judge Macaulay, wlio was then, also, a Colonel in the Militia, said: "I have not energy enough to bear mo through suc'^ a " crisis as this." His Excellency then desired that the two Macar ya and I should leave the room for a short time. AVe were then detained in the passage for a considerable time until we wvre shivering with cold, and I was at the sam.e time burning with indignation. For I then more clearly understood the unworthy motives which moved His Excellency and the Attorney General thus to strive to make a tool of me, to organize the heterogeneous mass of men now crowded within the City, to direct their movements during the attack, while Colonel Mac- nab, having nominally the Command, was to reap the fruit of Avhatever service might thus be rendex'ed, and even indirectly to rob me of the credit of having saved the City, which had been already saved before he arrived in it. On being again called in, His Excellency said that Colonel Macnab had released him from his promise, and that I was to command. Whereupon I turned to Colonel Macnab, and holding out my hand, said, " Colonel Macnab has acted like a just man and a patriot," and I shook hands with him and immediately withdrew; for His Excel- lency by much talking had already robbed us of much of the valuable time which should have been employed in forming the men into Com- panies and Battalions, so as to be ready to make the attack sufficiently early in the day. The difficulties I encountered in hurriedly forming such numbers into Companies and Battalions, and selecting Officers for the several Commands and Stations were to me nearly insurmountable. For my physical energies were nearly exhausted, and ray mind was irritated almost beyond endurance by the treachery and ingratitude of Sir Francis Head and his Chief Adviser, the Attorney General, whose unworthy motives became, by this time, quite manifest to me. My condition was, altogether, such as I cannot stoop to describe here, further than to declare that it was the most imminent crisis of my life. A short time before marching out to the attack, His Excellency sent to me for an Officer to act as Aide-de-Camp to liim foi thoc day, and I sent Captain Strachan, who had lately retired ft-om the dStl. Light Infantry, in which Regiment he had served for seven or eight years. To my surprise His Excellency sent him back and desired especially to have a Militia Officer; and 1 sent him Mr. Henry Sherwood. I then begged of Captain Strachan to accompany me during the day; and this I did to soothe his wounded feelings, and he most readily and ^« rmKK^^mmmtnmmmif 28 f; .;-■ i r ■ i ■■ kindly complied. I mention this timong othei* facts to show how much His Excellency desired to act through the Militia, rather than through those who had any pretensions to Military experience, and aa if regardless of the injury he must do by thus misapplying the various machinery by which he was then buirounded. The moment we marched I considei'ed all our difficulties as sur- mo'inted. I had no doubt that the Kebels could not resist us for half an hour; and in point of fact they fled almost iriimediately on being attacked, as no doubt they would have fled had they been attacked on Tuesday morning. In pursuing them up towards Montgomery's House, those in advance and the head of the column broke into a crowd as if they had never been formed, ond became for some time quite unmanageable. Thinking it possible that the llebels might rally some- where near in their retreat, I desired to follow them up without deby, but I saw that much time must be lost to re-form any considerable number of our force. I therefore rode forward slowly, causing the bugle to sound the Advance, at short intervals, and in obedience to the call many advanced as it were in a stream. I was then informed that Mackenzie was not far a-head of me, and, followed by Captain Halkett, a son of the Chief Justice, one of my own sons, and three others, all mounted, we pursued in the direction pointed out, and were soon turned from the road towards the woods. A young man named Maitland, one of the pursuers, out-rode us all and cqine in view of Mackenzie, who, seeing himself thus pressed, abandoned his horse and ran into the forest. We then gave up the pursuit, for we were with- out muskets or rifles, and were two or three miles in advance of our men, while the rebels were flying through the woods in every direction. On regaining the main road, on our return to rejoin our men, we met a detachment of about forty men mai'ching outwards, I asked the person who commanded them where they were going? he answered " To burn Gibson's house." Surprised at this, I asked sharply, <* Have you orders to burn it? " and was answered, " We have." " Are you sure you have orders? " " We are sure," — and I let them pass. On overtaking the rear of the column, then returning home- wards, Mr. Sherwood rode up to me aud said, " His Excellency de? <* sires to recall the men who. are going to burn Gibson's House: they <* are not to burn it." I turned to Captain Strachan and requested him to gallop after the detachment and bring it back, and he did so. In a very little more time several voices called aloud for me, saying ^hat His ExcelleTicy desired to see me. He was riding homewards in advance of the column, and I had to ride rapidly after him for some time before I could overtake him. On meeting some one he pulled up, and on my riding up alongside of him he turned to me and said, <' IfiGt Gibson's house be burned immediately, and let the Militia be " kept here until it is done." Already I had seen with displeasure the smoke arising from the burning of Montgomery's house, which had been set on fire after I advanced in pursuit of Mackenzie; and I desired to expostulate with His Excellency, but he quickly placed his right hand on my bridle arm, and said " Hear me! let Gibson's " house be burned immediately, and let the Militia be kept here until i \ 29 i ' " it ia done,"— exactly repeating his order, and then he set spurs to hig hprse and galloped towards town. It was now late in the day; the weather was coldj the men were much fatigued and hungry; they could be of no manner of use if halted where they then were, so that I decided, at once, on sending a detach- ment to burn the house, and I did not interrupt the march homewards of the main body. I waited until the column passed and then wheeled the last Division about and sent them northwards. I called on a Field Officer who was near me and ordered him to take command of the detachment and carry His Excellency's orders into effect; when he said " l^^or God's sake, Colonel Fitz Gibbon, do not send me to cari-y " out this order." I said, " If you are not willing to obey orders you " had better go homo and retire from the Militia." " I am very willing " to obey orders, but if I burn that house I shall be shot from behind " one of these fences, for I have to come over this road almost every " day in the week." I then excused him, but on looking around for some other Officer to whom I could entrust the duty I found myself some distance from all parties, they being all the time marching from me; the main body towards town, and the detachment towards Gib- son's house. I therefore rode after the detachment and directed the burning of it myself. From the spot where His Excellency gav" me the order, Gibson's Jiouse was distant about three miles ; and some two miles of the road was at that time almost impassable for horse or man, the macadamized piart of the road not coming within two miles of Gibson's house. I give this minute detail because Sir Francis Head in his despatch of the 19th of December, twelve days after, states that " the Militia " advanced in pursuit of the rebels about four miles, until they reached << the house of one of the principal ringleaders, Mr. Gibson, which " residence it would have been impossible to have saved, and it was " consequently burned to the ground," Now, in point of fftct, Gib- son's house was more than seven miles from town, and tlie Militia had not come within two miles of it vhen they were countermarched to return to town, and the house was in no danger. Sir Francis Head well knowing these facts, and having given repeated orders to burn, aqd not to burn this house, yet does he unscrupulously and craftily pen the above quoted passage. On reading this despatch, in Toronto, in April following, I saw at once that it exposed me to the charge of being the incendiary who 'laused the house to be burned, not only without any order, but rather in defiance of authority; for every one there knew that it was burned under my immediate directions, there being about forty men present who acted under my orders. I immediately addressed a letter to Lord Glenelg, and stated the above facts therein; and Sir Francis Head in a Narrative which he soon after published, admitted that he gave the order to burn it. The admission was made in a note at the foot of one of the pages, in the following words: " By my especial order." On arriving at the door of my own house late in the evening of the 7th of December, I was so stiff, cold and exhausted, that I could not dismount from my horse, and had to bo helped off and supported into Mi ■Mi m 30 the house and laid down.* On the following morning I could not leave my bed, and the Chief Justice kindly came to inquire after me; and by him I sent a verbal resignation to His Excellency, of the office of Acting Adjutant General of Militia, to which \\e had appointed me on ,1 f it I 'M '\ 'i * It is now Thursday morning, six o'clock, tho 27th of May, 1847, in Montreal: I am examining the proof-sheet of this page, after having perused Sir Francis Head's letter to the Editor of the ZonJo/i Sun, dated "Athena;um, April 24th, 1847." From that letter I copy the following paragraphs; " 1. It is stated in the Edinburgh Iteview, page 369 : " 'For the information of readers at home, it niuy be as well tlmt wo should give a succinct narrative of the circumstances that attended M'Kenzie't; attack on Toronto. Our knowledge of such facts as are not taken from the official accounts have been derived from written statements given to us by Colonel F." ' "2. For about eight 'pages these 'statements' are quoted at tedious length, in order to blame me in every possible way for not having attacked Mr. M'Kenzie, &c., &c., &c., according to the advice of this otricer. " 3. It is, therefore, necessary th:'t I should disabuse tho public by reluctantly stating, what is perfectly well kmiwn throughout Upper Canada, namely, that the gallant militia Colonel in (picstion, from exccssixe zeal and loyalty, gradually became so excited that on the day after the defeat of the rebels it was necessary to Elace him under medical treatment; that during his illness 1 in vain endeavoured, y every possible act of personal Idndness, to n-muve fn)m him a strange idea that I was his enemy ; and that although he eventually recovered, this idea continued to haunt him so incessantly that when, a year afterwards, on his visiting England, I was from feelings of regard about to call upon him, I was earnestly warned by a Canadian now at Toronto not to do so. " 4. Now is it creditable that under such circumstances the " written statements" and opinions of this brave and worthy individual should have been selected as the foundation of an elaborate attack upon me ? " 5. It is stated in the Edinburgh Review, page 382, " ' That having quarrelled with Colonel F. and every independent person who had once acted under hira — having disgusted the old officers of the army and navy by ordering them to serve as privates luider the lawyers and merchants' clerk;, of Toronto, Sir F. Head was entirely in the hands of the • family compact.* Commissions in the militia were given to every relation and hangei-un of the principal members of the Govern- ment. One regiment is said to have been entirely officered by pt'rs r.r which have been honorably passed in the Public Ser- " vice, a. '■ i>rvt Ticing age has brought with it an increase of physical " infirmitivit, a jio of them indeeil of long standing, which greatly add *" to the causes ;.'' incapacity above mentioned. *' On the whole, then, it is my deliberate opinion, founded on facts " which have come to my knowledge from so many years personal " friendship and intimacy with Colonel Fitz Gibbon, that he is, from " causes quite beyond his own control, or power of avoidance, physi- " cally and mentally incapable of further public duty, and that his " perseverance in the attempt to perform the arduous duties of his " pro nt official station, will greatly aggravate the constitutional " m'' ivuies under which he now suffers. " G."ven under my hand, at Montreal, this fifth day of May, «' 1845. (Signed,) " William Winder, M. D." 40 I f i, , i *'■'■;■ I ftJ N 4 ? ! I There were many other occurrences connected \^'ith my departure from Canada, and relative to Sir George Arthur, Avhich I would wil- lingly state here, but that their insertion would much lengthen this statement, which is already greatly longer than I expected it would be when I began it. And now I fear its great length and the alternate irritation and depression of my continually agitated mind will deter me altogether from publishing it; much as I desire that you should possess a knowledge of so many of the factp herein stated as have hitherto been concealed from you. I returned from London to Toronto, still in the hope that, after* all, an .order would be sent out to pay to me the then upset price of the land, namely £2,500, and which, therefore, was the sum the House of Assembly estimated the land at when they resolved to provide for the payment of my debts; but no order was sent. After the meeting of the last Session of the last Parliament of Upper Canada, the following Address was voted by the Assembly to the Governor General, the Right Honorable Charles Poulett Thomson: ** To His Excellency The 72., 'r' ^fmorable Charles Poulett Thomson, Governor Gefieral, SfC. '•c. " May it please Your Excellency, " We Her Majesty's dutiful and loyal subjects the Commons of Upper " Canada in Provincial Parliament assembled, humbly pray that Your " Excellency will be pleased to inform this House if the Royal Assent " has been given to the Bill passed lasi Session, entitled, " An Act to " enable Her Majesty to make a grant of Land to James Fitz Gibbon, " Esquire." (Signed,) *' Allan N. Macnab, " Speaker. *' Commons House of Assembly, ) 8th day of January, 1840." / . To this Address His Excellency made the following answer: " Charles Poulett Thomson. " In answer to the Address from the House of Assembly of the 8th " instant, the Governor General desires to inform them, that after a full " consideration of the subject, Her Majesty's Government have come to " the conclusion that they could not advise Her JMajesty to confirm the " Bill passed by the Provincial Legislature during the last Session, but " reserved for Her Majesty's eonfirniation,.to enable Her Majesty to " make a grant of Land to James Fitz Gibbon, Esquire. " Her Majesty's Government, sensible of the long and valuable ser- " vices of Mr. Fitz Gibb -ii, came to this decision with much reluctance; " but they felt that the confirmation of such an Act would be inconsis- " tent with the principles laid down for the disposal of the Waste Lands " of the Crown in the British Colonies, and confirmed in that Province " by an Act of the Legislature, and that it would establish a very incon- " venient precedent. " If, however, the Legislature of Upper Canada should desire to mark " their sense of Mr. Fitz Gibbon's services by a pecuniary grant, th 27th February, 1843. " My dear Mr. Dunn, " Mr. Hawke and I are on the eve of bein(? sued for a note of mine for £75, and a second for £75, from another party will be due in a week. Let me entreat of you to advance me £100, which, for the present, will stay proceedings in these two cases. " If my lorg dif appointed hopes from the justice of the Govern- ment are never to be realized, yet it will be possible for me to pay you fifty pounds on the first of October next, and the remaining fifty on the first of January following. " You have so often relieved me heretofore that it is most painful to me to trespass upon you ever again. — And when I repaid the last money you lent me I did hope that it was the last vexation I should ever cause you. If you cannot let me have this sum, either to-day or to-morrow, do not take the disagreeable trouble of writing G <( (( <( « «( <( « m if s i'i 50 " to me a negative. Tour silence will sufficiently, though painfully, " show me that this application is fruitless. James FiT/i Gibbon. To my application to Mr. Harrison not even an acknowleclgmenS was given. Thus did these letters come into the hands of Sir Chnrles Metcalfe. In two days after, I received a note from Mr. Secretary Higginson, raying that His Excellunc} desired to see me. On presenting myself he told me that he had submitted to the Executive Council my appli- cation for an advancOj n.nd that they declined to advise him to make '\t. " But," added llis Excellency, " name to me a sum of money " sufficient to relieve you from 3'our most pressing emergencies, °nd t '* will advance it to you out of my own funds." Surprised at thi» offisr, for His Excellency had arrived but a few days before, and was, as yet, a stranger in the Province, I paused and said, " Your Excel- " lency's ofTev is so imexpected that, for the momci.t, I know not what ** sum to name : but it humbles me to have to tell Your Excellency " that last week a baker stopped his issue of bread to my family " because I coidd not makeinnncdiate payment;" and I 'jtateu another fact which I will not mention here because its publication would wound the too sensitive mind of the person to whom it referred. After another pause I continued, " If Your Excellency will ac^vance me .£100, ** it may be enough to keep me from severe pressure until the next " Session." Whereupon he said, " From the vicAv I have taken of " your case I do not think that sum enough." Still more surprised I again paused, and said, *' Theu I will say £200, but I will go no " further;'" and the following morning I received a cheque for j6200. Thus then I was enabled to struggle on till the following Session. Soon after the opening of thpt Session a Member of the Legislative Council, who took a warm interest in my welfare, addressed a note to mc, advising me to remind His Excellency of my case, as no Message had yet been sent down, and to pray of him to bring it before the Parliament. But I wrote, in an«wer, that I could not bring myself to urge His Exi^ellcncy upon it after what he had already done for me. In a fe.v days afterwards I had business to transact with His Excellency, yet I would not speak to him on my own behalf, thinking it ungenerous to urge him in any degree. But on ray rising to withdraw he took my papers from the table, and holding them up, said, " I am just about to ** send your IVIemorial to the Executive Council, and to suggest to them " the justice of recommending that the grant should be equal to the " upset price of the land in 1838, namely £2500, and that it should " be made in money instead of land scrip." T thanked His Excellency and withdrew., much please 1 that I hud refrained from speaking to him on the subject. Some weeks more passed away, but no Message yet appeared. Again ray friend in the Legislative Council Avrote to me, (for I was no longer able to attend my duty in that House,) and I stated to him, in ans-Acr, what His Excellency had recen-iy paid to nic • yet as the clo-j of the Session approached my friend stiU u.ged me to move in the matter, but I would not. At length it became suddenly known that scvorp.l zC a C( « << <( 51 the Executive Councillors had sent in their resignations. On the following day I reaeived a note from ilie Sccretar ', summoning me to the Government House. On presenting- myself to His Excellency he infoi'med me tliat a month ago he had reuTred my IVIemorial to the Council, as he told me he would, but that they liad not reported upon it, and he had reason to believe that they had determined not to report upon it. But now many of them having ,so;it in their resignations he determined to proroguethe Parliament on a day in the following week, whiehhe named; andthat if lue.sii-ed it he would send a M'.^ssage to the two Hoaseson my beJia'f; but that he thought the time too short; and I said I thought so too. But after some pause, and reflecting how I must again suffer if another year were lost, I prayed oi' His Excellency to semi the Message down at all hazai-ds, and he promised he would. Early on the following morning His Kxcelleney's Secretary called on me and acquainted me that His Excellency had decided on the proro- gation one day sooner than thut named to me yesterday ; f.nd he desired to know if I still wished to send the Message down ; but I considered the Hme now too sliort to carry a measure througli in my behalf, and with great pain and reluctance I said so. Thus wasm^ unhappy caso again most cruelly staved off for another year. After the close of the Session I sought to obtain immediate relief froT*i Her Majesty's Government in England, aud I prayed of His Excellency to transmit a Petition to that effect from me to the Queen. Upon tliis he was pleased to call on the Executive Council for alleport upon it, and the following is a copy of the Report then made : Seckktaky's Office, Kingston, \6ih February, 1844. Sir: — I have the honor, by command of the Governor-General, io transmit to yoa herewith an Extract from a Re])ort of a Committee of the Honorable the Executive Council, approved by His Excellency, on your Memorial of the 20th December lai^t, praying for the confir- mation of a Grant of Land voted to you by the Legislature of the late Province of Upper Canada, and to express his extreme regret". at the repeated disappointments which have hitherto deprived you of a benefit to which you are fully entitled. I have also the honor, in compliance with your request, to return to you lierewith the enclosures which accompanied your letter to me of the 2d instant. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your most obedient, humble servant, D. Dai.y; Secretary. Ool. Fitz Gibbon, Kingston. " ExTRiVCT. " The Committee have taken the Memorial of Colonel Fitz Gibbon « into their anxious consideration. They feel sensibly the diiliculties " and embarrassments under wlvich Colonel Fitz CUbbon has laboured " in consequence of the delays which have arisen in satisfying his " acknowledged claims on the public ; and have carefully examined " into the history of his case, in order to place their view of it fully " before \o\xv Excellency. ii( m m m mm m ' IK I (■■ 52 " There can be no doubt that had the intention of the Legislatiiro " of Upper Canada be^i carried into effect at the time it was first ** expressed, Colonel Fitz Gibbon would, while obtaining no more than " what the gratitude of that Province felt due to him, have also " gained the means of preventing those embarrassments which have ** since so cruelly pressed upon him. Her Majesty's Government, " however, felt objections which the Provincial Authorities were " unable to remove, to the remuneration of Colonel Fitz Gibbon by " a Grant of Land, though they expressed their readiness to concur in " a pecuniary grant for the same purpose. This, however, the then " state of the finances of Upper Canada does not appear to have per- " mitted, and the consequence was a part of that delay by which *- Colonel Fitz Gibbon appears to have so deeply suffered. " The claims of the Memorialist have not, however, in the opinion *' of the Committee, been at all weakened by the postponed satisfac- " tion of them. Repeatedly recognised, and never (so far is the " Council are aware) doubted or questioned by any one, the very " circumstance that they have liitherto been ineffectually urged, tends " to five them increased weight, and will, in the opinion of the " Committee, justify the most favorable recommendation and support " which their duty will permit them to offer and afford. " It is on this account that the Committee have arrived at the opin- " ion that an amount of Land Scrip, corresponding in nominal value " with the five thousand acres of Land which the Legislature of " Upper Canada in 1838 thought Colonel Fitz Gibbon entitled to, ** would not be an equal compensation to that which it was at first " proposed to grant. On the contrary, besides the injurious conse- " quences of delay, the course would in effect deprive Colonel Fitz " Gibbon of "^arly one half in point of value of the remuneration " originally pi >posed. " The Committee, therefore, respectfully advise Your Excellency to ** recommend Colonel Fitz Gibbon's case to favorable consideration at " the next Session of the Legislature, for a grant of such sum of " money as pliall be considered a fair equivalent for the Land originally " proposed to be given to him. " With regard to the application for an advance, the Committee " have felt deep regret that they have not found it proper for them, " to advise that it should be complied with. However strong their " opinion of the justice of Colonel Fitz Gibbon's claim, or the proba- "bility of its being favorably entertained by the Legislature, they are " not prepared to advise Your Excellency to make an advance of " public moneys in anticipation of the decision of the Parliament on " the subject." Here, then, was a candid and honorable statement of my case. Here then Avas new ground for renewed hope, and especially did I hope, confidently hope, on receiving a note from the Secretary ac- quainting me that His Excellency had transmitted my Petition to the Colonial Secretary with a favourable recommendation to Her Majes- ty, with the view of procuring more speedy and certain relief from the Imperial Government than could be looked for from the Provincial Le- gislature in its then unsettled and discordant condition. But again did 53 the Imperial Authorities deny me any relief, even though my case was recommended by such a man as Lord Metcalfe. The following is a copy of the Secretary's note, and also of mine acknowledging tlie receipt of it. GovERNMKNT HousE, February 24, 1844. My DEAR Sir, Your Petition to Her Majesty with a favourable Report from His Excellency, goes home by the packet now in port, and I earnestly trust that the result may bo such as will prove satisfactory to you. I am, my dear Sir, Yours very truly, J. M. HiGGINSON. Colonel Fitz Gibbon. Monday Morning, 26th February, 1844. My dear Sir, Exceedingly desirous as I am to cease from soliciting His Excellen- cy's time or attention, even to accept the expression of my gratitude for all he has hitherto done for me, yet I cannot but acknowledge the receipt of your note of Saturday, which satisfies me that all that can be done for me by His Excellency has been accomplished. I will now endeavour to sustain myself by trusting in the good Pro- vidence of the Almighty, and in the favorable consideration of Her Majesty's Government, for an early and favorable settlement of this long pending case. I had no expectation of receiving any information from you of the course taken by His Excellency on the subject of my Petition; your kind consideration, therefore, is the more soothing and gratifying to me and to my children, and cannot fail to strengthen them in their future efforts to be found not undeserving of all that has been done for us. James Fitz ( noN. J. M. Higginson, Esq. On the removal of the Seat of Government from K'ngston to Mon- treal I applie'^ for, and obtained leave of absence to remain in Kingston. I was mentally ir^apacitated from performing my duty in the House, and 1 was wholly without money to defray the heavy expenses of re- moving my f\imily and household furniture to Montreal. Another painful year had nearly elapsed when the new Parliament was at length assembled, and in the month of January following, 1845, I drew up an appeal to the Members of both Houses, in order to ena- ble them to understand many circumstances of my case which may have been but little known to them. I will not insert this appeal here because of its length. In March following the estimates were laid before the Assembly, when to my surprise an^ dismay the sum of one thousand pounds, only, v/as inserted and recommended for me. I instantly addressed several letters to gentlemen who, I hoped, could obtain justice for me, but ^ wholly without success. 54 It-: •??.( And here let Jt be remembered that at the time this grant of one thousand pounds was made to me, in March, 1845, upwards of seven years had elapsed since the rewavl was first pn.yed for ; and during those seven years I had to pay upwards of JG 1,200 interest and law cools on my debts. Let this single fact be considered, apart from all my disappointments and mortificationa, and it may be easily imagined how great must have been the amount of evil thus infiicted upon me. In truth I have been punished by those whose high and holy duty it was to have cheerfully, graciously and promptly rewarded me. Ought I now to be blamed for declaring these facts? And yet I have my fears that this declaration will excite against me feelings of hostility, rather than of sympathy for my many wrongs and long suffering. Surely these sufferings will not be increased or prolonged because I cannot any longer endure them in silence? Now, then, I was brought into a new kind of difficulty. Every Jne of my creditors now expected full and prompt payment of his el.ii.n upon me out of this grant. But this was impossible, inasmuch as I yet owed almost £2000. The painful result was that some of those who were dearest to me became incensed at my breach of promises, so often repeated, and covered me with reproaches and insult. To keep friends with those men was one of the most cherished objects of my life. With some of them I had hoped to enjoy a friendly and a happy intercourse during the short time which might yet be granted to me in this life. But this is now impossible. The discharging the residue of my debts, even if I ever can discharge them, will in no degree restore the friendly relations of half a century, which have been thus so cru- ellv rent asunder. Still smarting under my remaining embarrassments, and under a never ceasing sense of the wrongs and injustice thus heaped upon me, I determined again tu apply to the Colonial Minister to make good to me the difference between the ui)set price of the land v hen first prayed for, and the sum given to me in March, 1845. Therf are two grounds upon which I consider myself entitled to have the original grant made up to me by the Imperial Government. The first, though not, perhaps, the most undeniable one is, that having refused to confirm the Acts of the Upper Canada Legislature, or to grant to me the value of the land out of the Crown Revenue in Upper Canada, in 1839, then at the disposal of the Crown, the Colonial Minister threw me back upon a newly created and discordant Legislature, which, disre; irding the pledge so often given by the Legislature of L^pper (."anada, has gran- ted after a lapse of seven long years only two-fiiths of what was inten- ded for me by that Legislature ; the Imperial Government ought, therefore, to make good to me the loss thus caused, chiefly by its refusal. But the second, and what appears to me the most undeniable ground, is, that the service rendered by me was as important and beneficial to the Empire at large as it Avas to Upper Canada. The denial of this undeniable fact I can regard in no other point of view than as an act of the most unwise, as well as of the most unjust and cruel character. For the object of the Legislature of Upper Canada was to have me relieved from my debts ; and witli that view they intended to insert in their resolution GOOO acres. But fearing that 55 6000 might not be suflBcient to enable me to pay tlios^ debts they consi- derately caused inquiry to be made of me, personally ; and to the members who came to me I stated that I considcrd 5000 acres would suffice, as Mr. Shaver's letter of February last hereinbefore inserted, confirms. Here, then, was a clearly expressed pledge given that I should be rewarded to that amount. It was an honorable bond, spon- taneously and unanimously entered into by the people of Upper Canada with me, for a generously acknowledged consideration, for service rendered by mo to them, as well as to the British Empire. Surely, surely, if justice be not wholly disregarded, if honor be yet at all esteemed among us, the authorities will now hasten to repair, as far as they can, the cruel injuries thus long heaped upon me, and redeem a pledge, the repudiation of which by any gentleman in private life would for ever dishonor him. "With a mind filled with these impressions I addressed Lord Stanley, and he gave for answer that having received already from vhe Provin- cial Government £1000, he considered my claim satisfied. At the same time I addressed a letter to Lord Metcalfe, then in England, praying of His Lordship to use his influence in my behalf with Pier Majesty's Government, and on the 2nd of February, 1846, I received a letter from Mr. Secretary Iligginson, of which the following is a copy : Metcalfe Terrace, (near Montreal). February 2iid, 1646. Mr Dear Sir, I have received a letter from Lord Metcalfe in whic' 'le desires me to say in reply to j'our communication to him relating tj your appli- cation to Her Majesty's Government for a grant in addition to that made by the Provincial Legislature, that although it was always His Lordship's wish that the grant voted to you should have been larger, and it was a disappointment to him that it was so small, he considers himself as now precluded from any interference in the affairs of Canada, unless he should be called on by Her Majesty's Government for his opinion upon any subject. I am desired to add that if in your case a reference should be made to him, his reply would certainly be favorabl' to you — and to assure you of the high respect and regard which Lord Metcalfe entertains for you, and of the estimate in Avhich he holds the important services rendered by you to the Colony. I am, My dear Sir, Yours very faithfully, J. M. HiGGINSON. Colonel Fitz Gibbon. Immediately on the accession of Mr. Gladstone to the cfTice of Colonial Secretary, I appealed to him, but, as I suppose, owing to his retiring from the office very soon after, I received no answer to my application to him. Wlien, on Earl Grey's accession, T addressed His Lordship, and also Lord John Russell, sending at the same time a copy of Lord JMetculfe's i; 5G \Vi m fitatement in my favor, Earl Grey was pleased to give the foUowiug answer, through His Excellency, Lord Cathcart: Seciietaky's Office, Montreal, 30th Nov., 1846. SiK, I have the honor, by command of the Governor General, to inform you that His Excellency has received a Despatch from Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies, stating that His Lord- ship had had under his consideration, your letter of the 28th of Sep- tember last, addressed to the Kight Honorable the Lord John Russell, •wh''^h was referred to His Lordship as the official organ of the Govern- ment in Colonial affairs, renewing your claims upon Her Majesty's Government, for services rendered by you during the llebellion in Upper Canada, in 1837. The Governor General has been instructed by the Secretary of State to inform you that your representations have received his most attentive consideration, and that it affords His Lordship sincere regret to be under the necessity of stating thai he! cannot admit your claim to be rewarded for your public services in Canada, by the means of a grant from the British Treasury. As your claim has arisen from your exertions in the defence of Canoda, His Lordship considers that it de- volves exclusively upor the Province to discharge the same, and he is therefore compelled to refer your application to the decision of the local Legislature. I have the honor to be, Sir, Your most obedient servant, (Signed,) D. Daly, Secretary. James Fitz Gibbon, Esquire, Belleville. On receipt of this letter I again addressed Earl Grey, to declare that I had no hope of a further grant from the Provincial Legislature, and again to press the justice of my claim on the Imperial Government. To which also His Lordship was pleased to give an answer, of which the following is a copy: Civil Secretary's Office, Montreal, 6th March, 1847. Sir, I am directed to inform you, that the Governor General has recei- ved a Despatch from the Secretary of State, acknowledging the receipt of a further letter from you dated the 7th of December last, in which you renew your claim to be rewarded by Her Majesty's Government for your public services during the Rebellion in Cana- da, and that His Excellency has been instructed to convey to you the assurance of Earl Gi'cy's deep regret for the distress under which you describe yourself to be suffering. That regret is enh?inced by the painful conviction that it is totally *■ 67 out of his Lordship's power to relieve, or mitigate the embarrass- ments of your situation. I have the honor to be, Sir, Your most obedient humble servant, (Signed,) H. Cotton, Chief Clerk. Colonel Fitz Gibbon, &c. &c. &c. Thus, then, is my claim again to be referred to the Legislature of the Uniteu Pi-ovince. But Avith only the information already before that Legislature, what reasonable hope can I indulge that they will now look upon my case more favorably than they did in March, 1845? I think, therefore, that in justice to them, to the Executive Govern- ment, to myself, and to you, the people of Upper Canada, I am in duty bound to publish this statement. But it is with the utmost reluctance that I make any appeal. I would gladly refrain from thus placing myself before the public. If you give rae credit for possessing but an ordinary share of the manly spirit of an independont mind, you will imagine how painful it must be to me, thus to appear before my children, and the Canadian people, as it were, an importunate mendicant, supplicating for that which should have come blessed to me as the free will offering of a generous people; among whom I have lived and served for nearly forty-five years. But painful though it be, it is the only alternative I can choose. Nor while I live, and suffering as I am, can I ever cease from prosecuting this claim, through every available channel, and by every means within my power, from time to time, to employ. I would fain abstain from the use of language which unjust or malignant men might construe as threatening. But nine long years of injustice and deep injury make it appropriate. And I feel that any statement of mine less forcible in its tone and expression, or any affectation of calm- ness, after all I have suffered, could only be regarded as hypocritical. Let it not be forgotten that I have thus suffered for nine long years before making this public appeal. James Fitz Gibbon. H I U ' '■)■■< 58 /:' To Messrn, LovcH 4- Gibson. Montreal, 29th May, 1847. Gentlemei?, I have just found two papers, the existence of which I had quite forgotten, and which have not hitherto been made any use of by me. Although found too late to be incorporated with the statement you arc now printing, I think them of such importance that I desire to have them subjoined to that statement. I therefore request of you to have them printed by way of Postscript or Addendum to it. Your obedient servant, James Fitz Gibbon- To Colonel Fitz Gibbon. " Dear Sir, We, whose names are hereunder written, beg leave to express to you the high opinion which we entertain of the services rendered by you to the Government and people of this Province, prior to, and during the insurrection of 1837, and 1838. Having each of us had for more than two years previously the benefit of your instruction in Military discipline while we were members of a Volunteer Rifle Corps, which you commanded, we can speak confidently of your untiring efforts, although with much trouble and inconvenience to yourself, to make us perfect in our duties, and we are glad that we are enabled to bear testimony to the fact, that for some time previous to the outbreak we had received directions from you to be prepared for, and how and where to assemble in any emergency that might arise, and that on the evening of the outbreak, the force at the Parliament and Govern- ment Houses was composed chiefly, if not altogether, of members of your Rifle Corps, who had been warned by you to meet there that evening, with arms and ammunition, to repel an anticipated attack. \Vb have to add, that we shall be most happy at all times, to offer any expression of opinion, or give any testimony in accordance with the facts above stated, which may tend to further your views in procuring 59 from Her Majesty's Government the consideration foi* you, to which we conceive you aie by your long service entitled. (Signed,) Gkokoe Brock,* W. BELLINGHAM.f J. HlLLYARD CaMKKON,! Thomas Galt,|] James McDoNiiLL,§ Georgk D. Wells,** R. A. Kelly, George SiiAAv.ff A. C. He\vari>,JJ A. J. FergussoNjIjI Waiter McKenzie.§§ Grant Po\vell,§§ Edward Hitcuu thousand pounds was debated in the Legislative Assembly in Mareh, 18 43, Mr. Aylwin, a Member of that House, is reported to have said, '* That I had monopolised honor " which did not rightly belong to me : — that I had received eredit for " the affair at the lieaver Dam in 1813, while in point of fact the " party to whom that credit was due was Major Delorimier, a relative ** of his own, and a native of Lower Canada," together Avith more in opposition to the grant. In answer to which I submit the following Testimonials : Extract of a General Order, issued hy Jlis Excellencj/ Lievtetiant General Sir George Prevost, dated Kingston, June 28th, 1813. " The Commander of the Forces has great satisfaction in announcing " to the Army, that a Report has just been received from Brigadier " General Vincent, of a most judicious and s|)irited exploit achieved, ** on the 24th instant, by a small detachment of the 49th Regiment, " amouning to forty-six Rank and File, under Lieutenant Fitz Gibbon, " and a band of Indian Warriors, which terminated in the defeat and " entire capture of a considerable detachment of the American Regular " Army, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Boertitler, of the " 14th United States Regiment, after sustaining considerable loss." Extract of a Despatch from Brigadier- General Vincent to His ExcaUency Sir George Prevost, dated Jufie 25th, 1813. " I cannot but particularise the conduct of Lieutenant Fitz Gibbon, " 49th Regiment, commanding a small party co-operating with the " Indians, through whose address in entering into the capitulation, " Your Excellency will perceive by Lieutenant Colonel B!«-"hopp'3 " Report, that the surrender of the American Detachment is to be •* attributed. " I beg leave to recommend this OtHccr to your Excellency's pro- tection." In November 1840, I received a note from His Excellency Major General Sir Joha Harvey, of which the following is a copy : " GoVEUXMENT HoUSE, " Fredericton, N. B., October 29th, 1840. My Dear Sir, It will always afford me, as it ever has done, very sincere satisfaction to hear of your welfare, and of the high degree of esteem and respect which your public and private wortii appear to have obtained for you, on the part not only of the Authorities under which you have acted, but in the community in which you have lived. I \ t 62 I Imve not forgotten, nor nm 1 capable of fbipjeltinj;, how admirably you justified my selection of you for ii (litfic'ilt and hazardous Service — one from the able and tjucce.isful accoiiiplishiuiiut of wliicU both the country and yourself reajjcd honor and advantage. I tliunk you for ti>e paper which you have Kent me, but btill more for the warui exj^ression of your friendly good wishes. Accept mine for yourself and all your family, and believe me, Very faithfully yours, J. II All VET. Colonel Fitz Gibbon, Toronto. The paper thus mentioned by Ilis Excellency was a copy of Instruc- tions written by me for tlie guidance of my youngest son, then an Ensign in the 24th Regiment, iji Kingston, Upper Canada. The then state of Ota* lelations with the neighbouring Republic, made me think it not improbable that war would soon be declared ; and such instruc- tions as my former experience in the Forests of America enabled mo to give I prepared for that son's guidance. The Frontier of New Brunswick was then, I thought, most threatened ; I therefore took the liberty of sending a copy of those Instructions to 8ir John Harvey, to be dist'''buted among the young (Jllicers, Regulars, as well as Militia, within the limits of His Excellency's Government, should ho approve of such distribution'. JaMKS FjTZ GiUUON. ■tf 63 Ay MoNTUKAL, Wednesday Mohnixg, 2nd June, 1847. Ycstcrilny I cxnmineil the last proof sliect of my Appeal to you, the people of Upper C;Miada. On the evening of yesterday I received n letter from His Excellency's Civil Secretary, in answer to a letter which I addressed to the Secretary on the 21st ultimo. I here give a copy of each: MoNTUEAL, 2]st May, 1847. Sir, I have this day presented myself to the Governor General for the purpose of making t'^ lii?s Excellency, personally, some observations on my long unsatisfieii ciuim upon the Governments, both Imperial and Provincial. The statements I made were few, partly because of the disturbed state of my mind, which I feared might cause me to fall into incoherency or run into excitement ; and partly that I might not encroach, inconveniently, ujjon His Excellency's time. Even to to write coherently costs me much time and repeated efforts. But there is one feature in my ease which I desire to lay before His Excellency, because I have been frequently informed that the force of my claim has been sought to be weakened by an argument founded upon the circumstances which constitute that feature. It has been said that my three sons have had appointments conferred upon them by the Government. To this I answer that Sir John Colborne, in JMontrenl, in May, 1839, condescended to inquire after my children, individually ; for lie knew them individually. His Excel- lency's sons having attended Upper Canada College at the same time that my soris did. In speaking of my youngest son I stated, with an expression of regret, that I could not ])revail upon him to devote himself earnestly to the study of the law, to which profession I had him bound by Articles, because of his great desire to enter the army. I intended to have added that I could not sustain him in that service, and therefore woiild not make an effort to obtain a Commission for him. But before I could make that addition His Excellency quickly asked me his age, his height, and two or three other questions, at the same time taking up his pen. I saw at once what His Excellency was about to do, and I had some time to reflect while these questions iv-^ 1 1-.' 64 were being put and answered. His Excellency then began to wi-ite. My first impression was that it would be ungracious to decline His Excellency's offer. My next was that it might be best to accept the the Comniission, and that the young man would soon find that he could not live upon his pay as a subaltern without having to endure humiliations to M'luch he could not long submit ; and that then he would retire and return Avith good will to the profe?' .Jfc Is le Le re le |ra je; jbe Ine liis I to of ier 05 Civil. Skcretaky's: Offioe, Montreal, IstJwne, 1847. Sir, I am directed to inform 3'ou that your letter of the 21st instant, has heen laid before the Governor General in Council, and that the claims which you consider yourself to have on the Government having been fully considered, His Excellency has not been advised to propose to Parliament any further appropriation of public money for your relief. I have the honor to be, Sir, Your most obedient, humble servant, T. Campbell, Major, Civil Secretari/, Colonel Fitz Gibbon. Discouraging and depressing to me as this denial is, yet aiter a long night's deep and painful thought I still cherish the hope that truth and justice must, before the end, prevail. I still hope that after this Appeal shall be read in Canada, andthewhole truth publicly made known, (and which I intended should be published before my case should be again brought under consideration), the minds of all, whe- ther governing or governed, will be convinced that justice has not yet been fully extended to me. Truth, justice, honor, every principle which tends to elevate the mind of man, is involved in this question, however intrinsically unimportant it may be. Enlightened minds in this present day of advancing candour, benevolence and magnanimity, will, when convinced, acknowledge these principles, and act upon them. From hope in this view of my case I will still continue to draw strength for future effort, until success shall be attained, or my last energies be exhausted. Jamus Fitz Gibbon.