CIHM Microfiche Series (l\/lonographs) ICIMH Collection de microfiches (monographies) Canadian institute for Historical IMicroreproductions / institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques I QQA 10 Technical and Bibliographic Notes / Notes techniques et bibliographiques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibliographically unique, which may alter any of the images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming, are checked below. L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire qu'il lui a ixi possible de se procurer. Les details de cet exemplaire qui sont peut-I':TTKI{ TKIIMS" J)E,,K(IATI()N OF NEW BRUNSWKMC US71 All) UKIOiiK VAYVW l!i:\NV||KS oj' T|||.: IJ-ji |S|,ATI UK COM.MAM) OF TilK LI KITKN \.\T < ;()\|.;||.V< Ht. 15 V S A INT -KM! V V . \\ J. .t A. M.\III,I,\X, I'Kl.NTKR 7-: l[;i\( E WHJ.IAM STKEKT. 1X71'. REPORT OF THE (( BETTER TERMS" DELEGATION OF NEW BRUNSWICK, 1871. REPORT OF THE "Better Term«" n ''' Delegation of Kew R. ^^i^w Brvnhwwk, 1871 ^'^''"^^^f^^y^^^HonoraUe LEMUEL, rr from" YoV'^eetU/ ^00^''.,^"^ U.BKKsra.Ko had tho >. <>«a^a, to confer with L T'^'' ^PP^^ntment as dI ! ^^"°'' *'^ '"^^eive "•object of the claimrof ^^" ^^^"^''able the Privv Co. P*'' *° P''«««<^ and ter of i con- :tawa ?ned id to yof beVy the the er. FREDERICTON, New Brunswick, 2nd October, 1871. To The ITonorable Joieph Howe, Secretary of State for the Provinces, &.c. Ac Ottawa, Canada. Sir,— You are, no doubt, already aware, that at the last Session of the Le- gislature of the Province of New Brunswick, llESOLUTIONS were unanimously passed by the House of Assembly, affirming that " Whereas the Province of New Brunswick accepted the Scheme of Con- " federation in good faith, and distinctly on the terms fixing the rights and " claims respectively of the Maritime Provinces of Nova Scotia and New *' Brunswick agreed upon by their Delegates and approved by their Legis- " latures, and ratified by the Imperial I'arliament by " The British A'orth *' America Act 1867;" and, in the opinion of this Honorable House, the " claims and financial status of the Province of Nova Scotia in the Dominion ** should not have been improved without at the same time granting and " securing to this Province a proportionate advance ; and by granting to the " Province of Nova Scotia increased subsidies and more advantageous terms " without increasing the subsidy and improving the financial terms secured " to this Province, the fundamental provisions of The British North America " Act, and the solemn compact entered into with the people of New Bruns- " wick, have been re-opened and materially altered ; " And whereas the Province of New Brunswick is therefore justly entitled " — and should respectfully demand — to have provision made for it, to the " same extent and val • , effect and amount, as the better terms so granted " to Nova Scotia are in excess of those actually provided for and granted to " the said Province by The British North America Act ; " And whereas also the terms granted to the North West Territory, and " offered to Newfoundland and British Columbia, are proportionately largely " in advance of those given to this Province, and appear to have been com- " pleted OH a basis entirely different from that on which the Scheme of Con- " federation was arranged and agreed to ; and the arrangements entered into " with this Province, subjected to the terms subsequently made with Nova " Scotia, and oftcred to British Columbia and Newfoundland, are inadequate " to meet the actual and pressing requirements,— and must, in the opinion " of this House, fail far iu arrear of the future exigencies,— of this Province; « therefore 2 - rlf f 7h ?"* '^ '" *^" '"T*'''^'« ''"^J^' «"<^ «l'0ul.l 1.0 u part cf tl.o fl.vorl poll, y ot ,1k. Government of this I'n.vincc, to prc«s hy ojy .nu.tUuUnu^ ' jans ,M.o„ tlK. (Jovon.,n,.nt an.l |.aHia,nent of thin Don.i ion. tl.o i ' " r Z Zkl "'•"'" "■'"•' ;"f '"'"^ ^'* ^^^^"^^' ^'^^^"^ *-•- under r i./*//.vA Aor/A J ..na, .1,/ ; un.l ai.o, an advance upon ti.o tern.s oriL^inallv gnu.to. to tins Province to an full an extent as tlH^in.-reaHcl snbli';' ^ better terras Hul.equently grante.l to Xova Scotia are in excels oth"H, ^/;.n*mvl..7. -IJourmds oj House of Assembly of N. B. mi,pp. 153, 195. The following RoBolntions were also iinaninionslv carried l.vtl.n Tn • 1' tive Council of the Province dnrin. the nan.c ^c^^^T ^ '^'' ^'^"^''^- - Whereas nt a Conference of Delegates for the Province of Canada Xova "Scot.a, nnd^e^v]{r^n.^vicIc, held at Westminster P-ihu-e Ii; 1 ;; Decen.,,er the .4th, 1800, it was resolved that thril,:! ^ " Sw ;t;::' v.ck be.ng such as to entail large inunei*'-«l '-allowance ofsxtyth.ee thousand dollars mentioned, is entirely insufficient to meet the large numedmte charges referred to bv the ConfenM.ce ^Zv^T'il ^^^''.'?^' '™"""' of <^«bt-seven millions "of dollar^with \Mtn tbe heavy liabiimes she incurred in Public Works ^vl,in^/ « the property of the Dominion. ' ''^"'^ '''"" °o^^ . JXew Biunsw^ck, in consequence of interest accruing on her Public Debt (( f '♦ dno o.mftidoratlon sliould ho ,i;ivon to tho propriety of plncing her in tlio " sanio position a>* tlio MnrUimc Proviiwc; of Xovu Sootiu, in rogard to tho " nniuuiit ot'dolit with which she cntoiv.l tho I'liion. •* 4. Jicsofni/, That an nthlitional siil)siily, itrojiortionato to tho sum allowed *' to Nova Scotia, under tho provisions of tho ahovc recited Act reiatin tho Domiidou " Treasury. "—[./omi^//* o/the Lrr/islatuc Council of S. II 1S71, pp. 21, ijQ. Ininiediatoly upon tlio passage of the Itcsolntions recited, they were pro- flontod to His Hxceiiency tho T/n-ntenaMt (Jovernor of Xcw Urunswiclc, " with ♦' an huniMo Achlress, praying tnat His ExceMency may l>o pleased to causo " such stops to bo taken as nuiy give eliect" to tlieni. On tho second .lay of Juno last, the ['ndcrsigned had ♦ho honor to rccoivo from His Excellency the Lieutenant Governor of Xow Brunswick in Council, appointment as Delegates to lu'oeocd to Ottawa (Ui tho subject of the action of tho Legislature referred to above,— and also generallv to consider tho abstract right of this Province to JMtcr Tmns as a Member of the Dominion, —and to submit for tho oonsidcra.ion of His P:xcellency tho Governor Gene- ral in Council, a statement of the present position, and an o-Mmato of tho probable future exigencies of tho Province,— in the light of the Act of Con- federation. "^ TFIE NOVA SCOTIA READJUSTMENT. It may bo desirable at the outset to aflirm that, in the execution of the res- ponsible trust confided to them, the Undersigned do not conceive it to be their duty to present any thing in the nature of complaint or grievance be- cause BdUr IWms have been conceded to Xova Scotia. If, upon a recon- eidorution of the financial branch of the Scheme of Confederation ami tho Act of Union, it appeared injustice was do'te to the sister Province, or that tho original terms concluded (o her were insufficient to provide comfortably and efficiently for tho public services customarily provided for, and at the'samo time to proceed with tho development of tho resources c.-mmittod to the care of tho local Government, no objection to the readjustment need bo started, whatever considerations nay have been urged on tl'ic subject of the inadvisa' bility of reopening the question, and whatever objections may be raised as to the terms of tho final result. For, it having been established, both by tho positive action of tho Canadian Parliament, and the official decision of the Crown, {see Lord GranvUle's Despatch) that it falls legitimately within the prerogative of that Parliament to reopen and rov.djust the Scheme, the Im- perial Act to the contrary notwithstanding, it could* serve no good purpose to proceed with any argument on that point. Tho Undersigned, however, feel called upon to refer to these matters, that it may distinctly appear of record that, in their presentation of the case of the Province of New Brunswick — and in their institution of " comparisons" between that Province and X^ova Scotia, or any other portion of the Dominion,— and in their allusions to the Accounts as they exist between those Provinces and tho Dominion,— and to iho " Correspoudeuce and Negotiations connected with the uflairs'of Is"ova Scotia "-they are impelled by no nnfriendly spirit It is tLefr cWre in this t'hT"^;r!'''^"'^^"''"^ nny opinions they may have entertainec whi e thc^ Negotuition." were pen clinch-simply to ascertain, by legitimate com- pansons and eonsu eration., how far the Province in wh;se'intereat ZyZ HtaZlT "l /"" : "^^^^\^— -'^^ P-"t of view-from a Domfnic:;: SC/-^^;Mrtit\uior""'^ """"^"^^^ *^ NovaScotia,-to^c... THE SPIRIT OP THE NOVA SCOTIA NEGOTIATIONS iJv^ ^^t'"^'^;^^^' ^' '^''y P'''>«*^«'^^ ^vith their enq,nries, will therefore take the hberty to refer to the " Correspondence " with Nova Scotia, as laid before the Dommion Parliament. When the Premier of Canada, nnder date of the 6th day of October 1868 opened the Correspondence with the Hon. Mr. Howk, arfd refe ng to the Despatch of the Duke of Buckingham to Lord Monck under date ot"4th day of June preceding he remarked that the Duke of Buckingham " expresses a eo:,hdence," which the Premier declares to be well founded, " that it vvil ^^ be the care and wish of the Government, and of the Parliament of the ;^o""';'on, to relax or modify anj arravgements tvhich may prendice the peculiar " interests of Nova Scotia and the Maritime portion of the Dominion:' And the 1 remier proceeds to say, under the same date :^ u " ^" this point I can only repeat what I stated before the Committee, that the Canadian Government is not only ready, but anxious to enter upon a ;; frank and full discussion of these points, and are prepared, in case the Ires- ^^ sure of caxation should be shewn to be unequal or unjust to Nova Scotia, to relieve ^^ that pressure by ever>- means in their power. They are also ready to dis- ^^ ciiss any 1 inancial or Commercial questions that may be raised by the Nova Scotia Government, or yourself, and the Kepresentatives of Kova bcotia to the Parliament of the Dominion. * * * * And I now *' reiterate the assurance I then gave, that the Government here ivill consider the ^^ question not in a rigid, but in the most liberal spirit, with a desire to do even more than justice, for the sake of securing the co-operation of the people of Nova Scotia in the work of the new Constitution. We will enter upon this enquiry when- ever it suits your convenience, and the Canadian Government engage to press upon Parliament, with all the influence they possess, the legislation ^^ required to carry out any Financial readjustment that may be agreed upon. It is so obviously the interest of the Government and Par- liament of the Dominion that the Union should work satisfactorily, that the Nova Scotia Kepresentatives may rest well assured of every suggestion of theirs being fnlly con8idered."-[iV^om Scotia Correspondence. These eminently correct principles the Undersigned desire shall be applied to the case of the Province of New Brunswick ; not that they seek "more than justice, but simply that liberal and just consideration which shall secure a willing continuance of that cordial - co-operation " which the people ot New Brunswick have ever accoraed to " the work of the new Constitu- tion, and at the same time maintain to them "fortunes adapted to the exigenciesof their stations." < ) Mi' ( > .-5 NEW BRUNSWICK BEFORE AND AFTER UNION. It may not be out of place at this p„int to remark, tliat tlie Province of New Brunswick, by popular vote and in good faitb, frankly accepted tliat Constitution at a tunc when she was, as will hereafter appeaV, in a poHitioti to conduct comfortably the atHiirs of her Government, and fully meet the requirements of the public service, under lier then cxiscintr relations. The Undersigned do not claim that when New Brunswick entered " the Partner- sliip," as it is called by Mr. Auditor General Langton, she was not actuated by a desire to better her condition, or that apart from such a purpose she would have embarked in the proposed venture. But they do claim that New Brunswick was largely impelled by a consideration of the Imperial and Canadum policy of the day,— the declaration of the British Government by the pen of the Duke of Buckingham, that " the measure is important to the interests of the whole Empire,"— and by the anxiety of her people to con- solidate under one form of General Government the British North American Colonies, participating in the traditions and enjoying the protection of the Mother Country. When it is remembered, also, how much at that time depended upon the action of New Brunswick ;-that His Excellency the Lieutenant Governor of N i. Scotia had declared, that the previous adverse vote in New B-unswick hau " effectually dismissed the sulyect from discus- " sion in Nova Scotia, because no Federal Union of Nova Scotia with Canada " was feasible so long as New Brunswick declined to form part of such " Federation ;"-[Z>c'52x/fcA of IQth April 18Go,-]-t]mt the Hon. Dr. Tupper has admitted, that " lying as New Brunswick does between Nova Scotia and " Canada, rendering union with Canada impossible without the concurrence " of New Brunswick— the consideration of the question was postponed in " the Legislature of Nova Scotia, on the ground that immediate Union was " then made impracticable ;"— [i/o??. JJr. Tapper's London Letter, 1866.]— that New Brunswick was financially and constitutionally prosperous in her isolation ; that her people wore contented under the existent form of Gov- ernment; that she enjoyed all the privileges arising from Responsible Gov- ernment and an independent Legislature under theBritish Crown, and was comparatively free from many of those political disturbances, "dead-locks" and crises which were of frequent occurrence in other Provinces; that the proposition for a General Confederation of the Colonies was submitted to her, ILord Monck's Despatch, 30th June 1864 ; and Minutes of Ex. Council Canada, 28rd September, 1864,] and not sought by her, and was accepted in good faith, with many objectionable features, by a process of " compromise," lAiiorneij General MacDonald's Speech, Ontario Legidature,-] and at a time when she might have largely dictated her own terms ; and that, " in view of " the Resolutions passed at the Quebec Conference in favor of a Confederation " of the British North American Provinces," the Charlottetown Conference " dscided to postpone the consideration of a Legislative Union of the Mari- time Vvovmcrreed to the conditions and compromises of Confederation for the sake of the new Constitution, and has done so much towards making " the work " of it har- monious and successful— now finds herself alone among her sisters, financially unequal to the requirements of the public service-unable to develope her mmeral and other local and valuable resources— with monetary and fiscal 8 difficulties and complications increasing, and deficits instead of surpluses impendn.g-with her taxation for General and Provincial purposes already enlarged-contnbuting to Stamp Duties, Excise, and Newspaper Postages for the first t. , .e-and a system of direct taxation an inevitable and foregone conclusion ! Xo nmrshalling of figures, or studied process of logic, is neces- sary here ; the calm reasoning of events constructs and concludes the whole argument. Indeed there is dearly no escape for New Brunswick from & future which must be as irritating as it will be novel and unfair to her people except in the obtaining of a financial readjustment and better terms And the Undersigned humbly submit, that before tho discontent arisincr'from a knowledge of these facts becomes mere widespread and demonstrative, and in order 'that the best interests and present and future prosperity of British Noi-th America may bo promoted by the Federal Union under the Crown of Great Bntam"-[London Conf. Resolutions, Sec. l]_the causes directly leading to such irritation and dissatisftiction be removed, that a spirit may not be invok'^d which shall not " down at our bidding." The adoption of the new Constitution was an experiment ; and how it and the terms conceded to the Provinces under it, would bear upon them were matters involved in the problem. Mr. Langto^, in effect, refers to this when he says, " there has not been time during the short period, since the effect of ' Confederation has been fully felt, to enable us to shew, with any certainty _ the financial consequences to Nova Scotia ; "-[iV. S. Correspondence, l-and in the same Report he admits that " the principles upon which the debts of "the ProMnces are to be ascertained have not yet been fully determined " upon "-three years after the date of Union. This does not now apply to the case of New Brunswick. We are now able to refer, not only to the inequalities and injustice in the case of Nova Scotia, as admitted by the leo-ig. lation of the Dominion Parliament, but by the actual working of Confedera tion, and by the reduction of what were estimates to what are facts, to come with great accuracy to the present and prospective results to the Province of New Brunswick. It is nearly reduced to a simple matter of arithmetical cal- culation. Whatever may have been the expectations of the past they may be easily tested by the facts and figures of the present ; and, making logical deductions from nearly five years history of the Dominion, and rea'izing that m a very short time in the affairs of a Province $63,000 per annum will be taken from us,— estimate or forecast the future in store for this portion of the Confederacy. TKE PENITENTIARY CLAIM. There is, also, another important matter which may probably be more cor- rectly and conveniently considered at this time, than in the discussion of the claims more justly coming under the title o^ Better Terms. It will appear from the papers which are submitted, that a very lar<^e pros pective charge is referred to, as about to fall ..on this Province consequent upon Confe(reration, and for which the local Government, as at present ad- vised, will have to make early provision, and which was clearly neither fore- Been nor anticipated at the time the baaia of Union was agreed upon, and did not enter at all into the consideration of the Delegates at Quebec and London, — or of the Lenjislature or people when Confederation was consummated,— nor does it appear to have occurred to the Canadiuii Government until the recei[tt of the Report of the Canadian Inspector, after a tour of inspection ia the Maritime Provinces.— [Z^c^^or^ of Inspector of Prisons, 18fJ0. It is clear that by The British North America Act 18G7, the legislative power and authority of the Tarliament of Canada 1N% extended to " the establish- Ufr'/L2\ ment, maintenance and management of Penitentiaries."— [i^. N. A. Act, sec. 91 § 28.]— Certainly this may now be construed to include the power of regu- lating the terms upon which admission shall be had to those Institutions. Before and at the time of Union, the Judges of the Courts of Law in New Brunswick had the right to sentence criminals for any term of penal servi- tude to the Provincial Penitentiary. By the operation of the Act, the pro- perties and establishment of the Penitentiary at Saint John were transferred to the Dominion ; but it was never understood or contemplated that the power to establish, maintain, and manage, would bo so exercised as to abolish absolutely for all time rights of the Province as they then existed, recognized by numerous Provincial Statutes, and to entail upon the local authorittes the necessity of establishing, maintaining and managing a local Penitentiary ia and for the Province of New Brunswick. On the contrary, it certainly was supposed that in this Province they would be maintained and managed, as to the admission of convicts and criminals, precisely as they had been before the "maintenance and management" were yielded up to the Dominion Parlia- ment. By Dominion Statute, however, (33 Vict. Cap. 30,) it has been pro- vided that no prisoner sentenced to imprisonment with hard labor for a term less than two years shall be received or imprisoned in the Penitentiary after the 1st day of May 1873. This is a most startling proposition to the people ot this Province ; and it is in vain to urge that Parliament is constitutionally all-powerful in the matter, and that we have on the floors of that Parliament representatives from this Province. The Scheme of Union was submitted to the people ; the Scheme itself was formulated by a Commission on which we had equal representation ; the legislation of Parliament throws burdens upon this Province unforeseen and oppressive, in violation of the spirit of the whole compact. It is distinctly believed that neither the Provincial Delegates nor the people nor the Legislature of New Brunswick would for a moment hi.ve con- sented to transfer for ever beyond their own control their valuable Institution, with the remotest prospect of providing on their own account for the erection and establishment of an Institution proportimialli/ more expensive, out of the scanty stipends granted to them for other emergencies of the public service. It is said proportionally more expensive ; for as prisoners and convict laborers for short penal term.s are generallj of a non-remunerative class,— unable, during their limited time of imprisonment, to acquire any proficiency in the "hard labor" to which they may be sentenced, and thereby contribute by their toil to the revenues of the Establishment in the same ratio as criminals under punishment for protracted periods,— it will be found more expensive to pi:ovide for tbe a^Rual. « wjaj^.teoance" of the la^titutioq, while the ejcpeu- ditnre will not ho appreciably difTercnt TTnrl^r i\.. t r contemplated hy Domnion leiln ion it wiM ! f , ""^ ' '/ "^^"".^^"'^"* Jive per cent of the crhvwah nfl'Tn } ""'' "''"' ^^"^ "^"'^^ '''■^"^>/ the local GovciZ Zt^J^T ?""'"'"^: '''^^ ^" '^^^''^ '^ '' '^^ ^«"^*^ 'f port. What tir:^n 1 Ca hi:;:: 'VT^'^^^T^^ -'^^-^ ^^ -^ ted at $14,500 per annum ' '^ueafter, and may be roundly estima- ti^o^s^S^r ::<^diJ';sr H "^T ''''^' ^-^^ ^'^•' -^ ^^« -^o. the subject of The loca " s 1 ' . ^'V"^ ^^^""^^ °^ ^^'''^ J^'^^ "" the general subject as already prese ted -■ r d at h "T ""'' '"" '" very large and ininorfinf will li ''''*'' .7^''-''"^ that their intere-t therein ig -ally from J"T^V^o2::^'tT'^^^^^^ ^•'^'" ^^'^'^^ -'•'^- absolute and tan..ible monev n d ) i T ^'"'''''''^- ^he forn.er had an ostablishn.ent which was nofo '"'l 'T''' "' '"^•^•^^"-"t *" th- existing the transtw was :'.::: Cj^:!;-^'^ ^\^i Z7^ t'-'r ^"'^" borates or illnstratcs thp n,.pa«.,. • '^^' '* dimply corro- w„a not <)„b,„ed and ai7eTu7rlu'rl ''":'" '" "" ^""'"'i™ the City m,d Coi,„ty 0, sli,,,T| "'"'/f"" "'=«' "f the local interests of dominion legislation, io d7 heioport tta .T V^^'f ''^'' '^' ""^"' propose to re-lransfer th„ P,t.,l.i;.i . ' ' <-«"adian Government CotTnty ot Saint iohn, , elTj J ,:::;:'; l"'"' r '"""l '" "■' «'^ ""O gnte t„e great l.ardsMp' of the ^ .r 'o„ .t^t^^'TI ::' "' "" '"."'- of that project would simplj, „|,cr the part es but L r™'""""" Province, in the matter It wonl,l ^ "'" P»si""n of the menttot;,kecareofwJ ;„: 5 i !'; TT '"' "'" '''"'"^''"' «""™- in New Brnnswiclc 3 for 7 n ''^' ''""'^°"'' ''°"''™''"™i"al3 Countv of Sal ,t J„i,, torn ,1 ' 7'"" """"• '" «' '" ""> '^"j' -'l their shor..,er. pr s^r rT v ' aTI" .b'rT"' "" ■'".■' "«'" '<> -"-- cent., ,„ the transferred I'ris™ and on uch '" '""',7'"? ""•"" ^'' P" the City and Countv of S- nt 1 V '"''',."=""''> ''1"=™! "f otherwise, as eeed in'^^he e.^ o,f a,!dt „„/";'" "'"""'• "' P"""'^ ^^ »"" P™- Ponitentiary, N Uher caT he c',;";" aT\ ■""'"'-"">- "f " -parate purpose. ^' ^"""'^ °"°'» l^" »' "11 t'lilized for that THE INTER-COLONIAL RAILWAY. mary and otherwise, conferred Iv thp n ^ ^^\ ""'"^ *'^^ ^'"^^^«' P^*-'"" vvoric partly in that P^^vinee and T''" '" '^' ^"''^'"^ of that great the Dominion TVp';,.rr;":^':"' oflset to the contribution made to case of New B;unswick p'rticu.:.- v J^ It' ^'"''^'°'''' ^' '^ ^'"^"^'^ ''' ^he H u.e..„y . . w^K's:- 'a-rk*-sti--- I 1^ • • 1 I • • t/ 11 tl.o construction of that work to the Province of New Brunswick, for the reasons which thoy proceed to submit. At an early hour in the history of the nccrotiations between the Provinces of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick, for perfecting a sclieme of Union, the subject of the Inter-Colonial liailway was introduced, and the hmgua-c eniph.yed throughout is remarkable and significant. This lino of Kailroad and its construction, were not treated as otiier proposed public works under Confederation, except probably that the exrcnsion of the Canal system ot old Canada was made somewhat an cciuivalcnt, as a-ainst the Maritime Provinces, for the building of that Road by Government The Province of New Brunswick claimed that the Dominion Government, upon certain given terms, should construct that line, »o/ so much as a work of general improvement, and of Imperial and inter-Provincial importance and value,-the expenditure in each Colony to be considered as so much public money invested in that Colony, and to its advantage, and on Dominion account,-but apart entirely from the financial phases of Confederation, and ratlier as a condilion precedent to the discussion of the subject of Union In other words, " in consideration '' (using the term in its legal sense) that the I rovinces of Upper and Lower Canada were led to seek and should obtain Union as a solution of many constitutional, political and social difficulties unknown to New Brunswick, and to secure the ivore harmonious working of ,flWlt political machinery, and the removal of long outstanding causes o'f disquietude and irritation, and at the same time attain as indispensable a passage to the sea and a maritime influence they could not achieve without the consolidation of the Colonies under one Constitution ; so the Proviuce ot New Brunswick was led to consider the overtures of the older Provinces and to ope>i the Correspondence and appoint Delegates, " in consideration " of the budding of the Inter-Colonial Railway by the Dominion Government without unnecessary delay. This v^'a3 substantially stated at the outset bv the Hon. Mr. Tilley. IIo said— "Next alluding to the Inter-Colonial Railway project, he said the feeling " was-jce won't have (he Union unless you give us the Railway. It was utterly " impossible we could have either a political or commercial Union without *' itr—lSpetch at Quebec, October 15, 1866. And also by the Hon. Mr. Cautier, who said-" I must repeat to you what I stated whde in the Lower Provinces, that while we possessed the personal " and territorial elements which go to constitute a Nation, we were wanting- " in the Maritime element. During six months of the year we had toknock " at the door of our neighbour in order to carry on our trade. This cannot " be tolerated. This Confederation must be carried out. I know that everv - citizen of Montreal will understand that at this critical time wo should ' look to Nova Scotia, to New Brunswick and to Prince Edward Island "for the elements wanting in Canada to make a great uiition."-rSneech at 31ontreal, 29lh Oct. 1866. l^I^eecn at So likewise the Hon. Mr. Bnowx said-" We have agreed-I announce It fraukly-to build the later-Colonial Railway. I have not been in favor 12 of the Scheme iper se situated as we have been. But I have at th tme been quite willing to adn.it.-and I repeat it heartily to d e sam e ; wahout the Inter-Colonial J^ailroad there could be no Unicm of the:o Pro- vinces. "—[^Va-A at Toronto, November, Iv^GG. At the Quebec Conference, 10th October 1804, certain Resolutions were adopted as the bcms of a proposed Confederation of the Provinces and Colo- mes of Canada, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, and Prince Jidward Island, and bj Kesolution G8, it is provided— "G8. The General Government shall secure, without delay, the com- pletion of the Inter-Colonial Railway from Riviere du Loup, through New " Brunswick, to Truro in Nova Scotia." Under date 27th February 1865, His Excellency the Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick, (Hon. Mr. Gokdon) in his Despatch to the Imperial Government, says — i^'»"» - I find, however, that a very general impression prevails, that the con- struction of the Inter-Colonial Railroad from River du Loup to Truro is to 2 be provided for by a clause in the Imperial Act givimj effect to the proposal Fede- ral Union. I do not myself consider it probable that Her Majesty's Gov "ernmentwill make such a suggestion to the Imperial Parliament fori " cannot but perceive that such a proposal would appear to Iler Mi.jestv's "Government to be eit.;er unnecessary or unjust ; unnecessary, if (as we « must conclude will be the case should no unforeseen and insuperable ob- «' staeles arise) the new Federal Legislature votes the construction of a work «' the immediate commencement of which forms om of the conditions of the anree « meni to which they owe their existence; unjust, if it were to have the effect of " forcing on the people of British America the execution of a work which «| their Representatives iu Parliament may consider it inexpedient to under- This view, however, of Governor Gorpon was not sustained, as will here- after appear, and it was that Parliament should not have the power to declare It "inexpedient to undertake" the work, that New Brunswick determined to and did stipulate, that the arrangement for the execi tion of that under taking should be made manifest for all time as " one of the conditions of the agreement" to which the Federal Constitution should "owe its existence " The Undersigned, in passing, may here recall the fact that durin♦!—- '-,-"-i - -jj i * > -• ""m "'■ liiv oihci liauu, vvouiu be sub- ject to the caprice or chance vote of the Federated Legislature ; and it was found necessary to assure the people of New Brunswick, from the Press and the Platform, that all cause «>f doubt and alarm would be removed by addino- to the proposed luperial Act "proyisiou for the construction of the Rai£ the same lay, — that Iheso Pro- long were fuid Cdlo- rince d P' the com- ugh New Sovernor Imperial the con- rnro is to s(d Fede- )''8 Gov- mt, for I t'liijesty's f (as we 'able ob- ' a work, he aqree- effeet of k which 5 under- ill here- declare Jrmiued ; under- 8 of the iteiice." thepro- ivy sub- il alarm miniated 1 ill the :inctive be 8ub- ! it was 388 and adding e Hail- ' 13 road." It would have materially endangered Confederation at the Polls had tliia been otherwise. Proceeding to the Resolutions passed by the Delegates at London, Decern, ber 24, 18G(J, we find the language on this subject reniarkablv chaii'-ed, as by the 65th Section— ' o > . " 05. The construction of the Inter-Colonial Kailroad being cssevlial to the " consolidation of the Union of Briliah North America, and to the assfnt of the " 31nritinie Provinces thereto, it is agreed tliat provision be made for its im- " mediate construction by the General Government," kc— [Proceedings of London Conference. The references to this subject during the Canadian Parliamentary Debates oh Confederation, {Zrd Sess. 8th Prov. Pari. Canada,) and to the nature of the agreement entered into with the .Maritime Provinces, are very clear and satisfactory. During the Debate on the I'roceedings of the London Dele- gation, we find the following reported inter alia ;— "Attorney General MacDonald— * * * i„ answer to the Member for " Carleton, the Government desired to say that they presented the Scheme " as a whole, and would exert all the influence they could bring to bear in " the way of argument, to induce the House to adopt the Scheme without " alteration, andjor the simple reason that the Scheme was not one framed bg the " Gocernment of Canada, or bg the Goveroment of Nova Scotia, but was in the " nature of a Trealg settled between the different Colonies, each clause of which had " beenfaltg discussed, and which had been agreed to bg a sgsteni of mutual com- ''promise * * * These liesolutions o'n their face bore evidence of com- " promise ; perhaps not one of the Delegates from any of the Provinces " would have propounded this Scheme as a whole, but being impressed with " theconviction that it was highly desirable, with a view to the maintenance " of British power on this Continent, that there should be Confederation " and a juncture of all the Provinces, the consideration of the details was " entered upon in a spirit of comprjnjise." Again—" Attorney General MacDonald could understand the object of " the Hon. Member for llochelega. * * * These Resolutions ivere in " the nature of a Treatg, and if not adopted in their entirety the proceedings " would have to be commenced de novo." " Hon. Mr. HoLTON— * * * Then the third question of which he had " given notice, had reference to the Inter-Colonial Kailway. Jt was a voveltg " that, perhaps, miijht not be found in the Constitution of ang Country, to introduce " a provision for the construction of a railroad, canals, turnpike roads, or other " public works. But the novelty existed in this case, and we are told that a ''part of the proposed Constitution was to build the Inter- Colonial Raitwnu, a^ to " the usefulness of which there had been a great difference of opinion " amongst Members of the House and in the country." " Attorney General MacDonald— * * * As regarded the Inter-Colo- " nial liailroad, the Resolutions :,howed precisely whnt was the intention of " the Government in that matter. The Railroad was not, as stated by Hon 14 «' wL"r? " ^' p"" "^ ^'" Constitution, l.ut was one of the condiilons ru '; lion. Mr. CruHiE- * * * Ho wan satisficl that if tl.e Intcr-Colouial JvaiUvay project were taken out of the sclie.no wo wouluihvy nibt, unci Lonfoiloration next. ^ " Hon. Mr. SA.NBORN._IIon. Mr. Tilley had said that. " Hon. Mr. Koss- * * * The honorable member next came to tho ques .on o the Inter-Colonial KaiUvay, which, after all, «een..s to bt nm. Well, I will turn again to Lord Duk.um's lioport, in which the fol- ^^ low.nn: passages, remarkably apposite to the subject, appear :_' The com- ^^^I-letion of any satisfactory communication between Halifax and Quebec v^u d, ,n fact, produce relations between these Provinces that would nder a General Un.on absolutely necessary. Several surveys proved 'that a Railway would be perfectly practicable the whole way * i * * ' Ihe iormation of a Railway from Halifax to Quebec would entirely alter 'some of the d stiiMriiJ^.!,;,.,, ..l.. *„..:„.:. _.. ., „ . ^■J' "uei ,, , ,. ^, ,. -^ """• ""'""A lu v^ueuec would entirely a ter some of the distinguishing characteristics of the Canadas. InLd of kwff Shu out from all direct intercourse loith England durinn half the near theij loould possess a far more, opvh.m nr,J ....„.,h. ^^. ,• ,. .. .' ' . ' ,,,,,•' ,, " ' "" w-w.,,.„oo t^iin j^m/iana aurinq imit the near ^^ ^ (he^ won d possess a far more certain and speedy communication throughout the winter than they now possess in summer.' This passage greatly imr.ressed whiT v." T '' ^"^^?-*'- L.P0.VT..VE-I3.L.WTX Administratimi- uhich Mr. HiNCKS and the honorable Pren.ler each had a place. It was under them that the liailway legislation of the Province received its first impulse and last Session I remen.ber to have had occasion to quote the preamble of an Act passed in 1851, which recites : ' That whereas it is of the kc,hest importan, e to the pror/ress and welfare of this Province that a Main Trunk Line of Railway should be made throughout the length thereof, and form the eastern frontier thereof, through the Provinces of Nev,; Lrunswick and Nova Scotia to the City and Port of Halifax ; and it 18 therefore expedient that every effort should be made to secure the con- 'struction of that Railway.' * * * * Indeed the Railway is absolutely necessary, and we cannot do without it. Upper Canada alone, not to speak of Lower Canada at all, requires it, and so well is this understood in the Lower J rovinces, that an opponent of the Hon. Mr. Tilley-Hou Mr '' bAinii-has lately said, it was quite nnnece.sary for New Brunswick to spend any money on that work, as Upper Canada must build it for its oion sake." The Undersigned deem it unnecessary to pursue further the exnummfion of this unpo.tanc debate on this phase of the subject. The extracts "thev have the honor to submit, are already more lengthy than they intended or desired; but they so fuily cover the position the Undersigned have assumed. ftOd involve so many cousideratious as bearin^j upon the Dominion Expen- f 1* T 4 f ) 1 ^ T I S inp the construction J "" ' ^'^^ "'"^''-^ "^ »''« I-'pcnal Act for «..tI,ori.- Jioitcni/ Loan Art 1«(;7i. .,.,,1 ^i i. . ■""" i-nipiie, ~ll lie Lnvnda 1807 A-„"v:;»5. ' '^"""•""'""•>- '" "'«"lK,lo r..>,i>i„„,.-[«, A. „. ^,,, " r™L!;.l""l''t "'■ "'! '''"■'r" °f *'""°"»- J^'"™ S-'i". ""'l New " Jn';e';.c:;, ii, " „ii;:,;rL ':,:„^:;f;'-',r'' "-v!— '™- •■ •"« UNADJUSTED CLAIMS, &c. of .he„. by ,,,e Don on^Govr "^ ' Pa :S""l,; l^TT'T the ConstiZ!" '.h ' '»« P»rtake ot the nature of &«fr Terms u, dor i"c:rr Zor i7;r ' ': •^--'''-s "■-""•y -<" co„„,Mca,in; Owtom««rfO«e6ee-whafovpr.^.r • ' ''"f "''"\ ^^"U'l'^^ations between be prenuuure and co^^.W , t7.^7' "^ ^'f ^"'^J.^^'* ^•--'■^-•' >t would as they hope to secure rn'. / ""^'^;I'/^^^"^ ^^'^^ ^i'"^- navin^ secured, «( It tl l< (I 4t &»„,,_.,•,„„ „ , ""^ -^»""™ ^rf TSU7 •■ r ■'■"""''"' '» Nova b''".i,' British JVnrH A '''«'^<»nuii on, jm„] fi,„ , ^^^icsi, Columbia and "'■>- -«„. ,!'■; ;/':"■*•"" ^'"i ™, .^„:,™" ;;«•":■»'' '- .i- ou,. Q'-obcc o,„| J,.„„I„„ 1; ,r '""»'« 'I'l't'ho "com,,, "'™ »'' ^w f''". ""d are ,o 'e^ f "'^'I'J >-» cflLe,, „f ,," , ":'«»" "'^ made at v.- Of ,., ,„„„:,. -„. „„ „,„ ,,„,,„„ co,onic;a:i:;;::'x vt ,^;"' - i. i» .lot :::f.r;;r;,™ ;;- p-..na. .'.Sr.™: ■;>:;■-;."-«- "■1"=" e"Pl.l«„e„ted by ,bi ,f '"■"''«'''"'"=J lo Ncwl .' '"Wnce. I """rh inadequate to ,lf„ V , *° '''''"™ '""J tben i„T ",""■'- '—even tlioir ia,-c, „; ,„„.;" "' ""^ """eral „„J „„,„ ° '''""'^'■«"'latnre,,ro. bci„,„e of ,|,e ■ , ,. ., I, ,;; ' '"" ■'™ '""guislnnj, and , „'„ j' ' "" "" '"^"""l away, aud tiiat 'Ml fl cvan '"" f' ;,UUO pe ^"^etJ to rliern ;--tIi •^rr.-i -e.ae;,.bZ:---.-i.eab.,„5:;: at in veil 'ct Taxation on of Govern. > tt tbreo-foia ' "ii'I solemn >flK'r Lfgin. -b' moro ab- sented to or '•i>ht tonsic -e to as full "I to Nova *cl to Novu 'f"l>ia and ^<' the out. dvaiice of 'stifutiori- "nieiitary l'i hy the > of New made at seriously t'ouricil, U8 H dis- he Pro- 'ginallj 'ill the Union accept- Ti that '"iinge- ' vines. i -even roved 'vice ; 3 pro- ed to ernal ^red, at in iken tiou 17 mnflt bfl reflortcd to-and dl under a Constif .-,01. which promised case and comfort-New Brunswick iu.H a right to aslv .1 j Dominion to grant to hor lielter 'L ms, unless hor ase, as it u an happily exceptional at the time of Union, Biiall continue exceptional under I'uion, and that to her goiiou,, loss and discomfort In opening the financial matters involved in the duty laid upon them, the Undersigned desire to refer to the CONTRIBUTION TO THE ITnLIC WORKS OF THE DOMINION MADE BY NEW BRUNSWIC K. Mr. Auditor General Lanqton, in his elaborate Repon on Nova Scotia afriiirs, says — "The total debt with which we may enter into Confederation must be decided on very different principles, and the fairest perhaps may be the rate '' at which we coiHrilHite towards bearinq Us expenses;" and iK'ain— " I think " however, that Mr. M'Lellan is justified in saying that population alone is " not a 8uffi.:ient basis. As it is a question of debt to he assumed, the share ^'1 xchicheach contributes towards paying for that debt, if nn made the whole basis, " should at least have bren taken into consideration."— [N. t' Corre.^pondence 1— And the late Minister of Finance, Sir John Hose, on th^ same point says- ♦' Adopting this view, and taking the average of three avd a half years an- " tenor to Confederation, Nova Scotia would be entitled t . «3,031,000 more " of debt than is allowed to her."— [76i(/. Taking the principles thus laid down by the Ifon. Minister of Finance and Mr. LA^OT0N as ourcriteria, we present the Returns, as. ompiled below bhewing the amounts contributed by New Brunswick, on account of her Railways, to the Public Works of the Dominion of Canada. And it may be very justly stated here, that this asset in the common "Partn -rship" stock handed over by New Brunswick at an enormous discount under the Union Act, 18 yearly becoming more and more and very remunerative, is the oflici-d returns will show ; and it is quite reasonable to suppose, tJ it when the Connections and Extensions now constructing in and near Neu Brunswick are completed, and her general Railway system, indicated by Pro incial leds! .ation hefore Union, is perfected, this will rank among the mos valuable— If It do not take precedence as proportionately the most valnai e, asset of the General Government. Those returns will be found toexhibi in 1870 a surplus over maintenance of 858,841-30, representing a capital o: 8980 U88 at 6 per centum, and which, estimating the cost at Four milli.,n8 three hundred thousand dollars, will yield one and one-fifth per cent, whereas the i ubhc Works of all classes which old Canada contributed to th general stock, estimated bv Mr. Lanotov at »-ifi fi'!7 am «..i.. ..:„ij.,i : . , rate of 0-82 per centum on their cost ; while, for the same year, the I uihvays of Nova Scotia, instead of providing a balance over maintenance, really cost the Dominion $32,496-20 above receipts, which at 6 per cent, again repre- sents a capital of 8541,603. We may admit, for the sake of the argument that the per centage oa capital ia uot tUe only important point, but the 18 actual amount avaflabTe for meeting the debt; bnt eren in this vTew, whITe the Canadian contributing-assets will jield, when the collection of thJ Great Western interest is enforced, say 15| cents ptr capita on the popnfation the New Brunswick contributing-assets will yield 23J cents per head. Orwe'may illustrate the positiou i» this way :--That whereas the asset we contributed as above reimburses the Dominion 4-5tb of one per cent, of interest upon the debt of $7,000,000 with which New Brunswick was permitted to enter Union, the contributing assets of the older Provinces return only 3-5th of one per cent, of the interest on ^62,500,000, their debt under the Act Or coming again to the Public Works of Nova Scotia: as New Brunswick con' tributes to the Dominion $58,841, interest on ^980,688, during the same period, while Nova Scotia has shewn a deficit of $32,496.20, being interest on $541,603: in order to place the two Provinces on the same footing in this Account, the Dominion would be required to refund to the Province of New Brunswick $58,841, and pay over with that amount the sum of $32,496 on this branch of the public aervice alone. By way of stating this Account more fully then, the following items are eubmitted, from the Accounts of 1869 : — 1869. Total Public Works of Canada,— Dominion Auditor (Jeneral's Keport, Part I, page 26, $913,491 08 Deduct— {^B per same Account,)— Gross earnings of N. B. and N. S. Railroads, 440,112 67 Balance, J?«rfMC<— Expenditure, as per Account, page 233, [Public Accounts, Dominion, 1869, page 243.] Railways — Nova Scotia— (Page 26.) Receipts, $260,285 25 (Page 243.) Maintenance, 261,398 76 $473,378 41 305,304 59 $168,073 82 Deficit, Railways— iVc» Brunawick — Receipts, Maintenance, Surplus, $1,113 51 $179,827 42 126,149 71 $53,677 71 Balance contributed by New Brunswick Railways, Receipts over Maintenance, ••• gg g^j ^j Derft«r<— Deficit on Nova Scotia Railways, Receipts lea* than Maintenance, $221,751 53 1,113 51 Net balance from Public Workiy %*• * ' \ N ol r 1 $220,638 02 m£ a c r cos rep *<* I ' \ 19 —or, admitting that Nova Scotia exhibits a deficit, while New Branswick contributes 853,677-71, New Brunswick will be found to have paid in 186» nearly one-fourth of the whole net balance of 3220,63802. Continuing the investigation into the Accounts of 1870, we may pursue the same enquiry : — 1870. Receipts from Public Works in the Dominion of Canada, $1,006,844 67 Deduct— Nova, Scotia Railways, $273,028 56 New Brunswick Railways, 198,525 29 Receipts which old Canada transferred to Dominion, Against this sum is charged an Expenditure of Leaving Balance of net Receipts, Balance contributed by N. B. Railways, Receipts over Maintenance, Z>erf<;c?— Deficit of Nova Scotia, Receipts less than Maintenance, 471,553 85 $535,290 82 866,421 82 $168,869 00 58,841 SO $227,710 30 32.496 20 Net balance derived from Public "Works, $195,214 10 These figures again shew a deficiency in the Nova Scotia Accounts, while New Brunswick contributes to the Dominion $58,841-30 of the net balance of $195,214-10, As elucidating the foregoing, we may add the following figures :— 'Railways— Nova Scotia — (Page 19.) Receipts $273,028 56 Maintenance, 305,524 76 Deficit, $32,496 20 Railways — New Brunswick — (Page 19.) Receipts, $198,525 29 Maintenance, 139,683 99 Surplus, $58,841 80 New Brlnswick Railways. The net earnings of the European and North American Railway over maintenance in year 1870, was $58,841-80, which, at 6 per cent, represents a capital of $980,688. Nova Scotia Railways. The Nova Scotia Railways, instead of leaving a balance over maintenance cost the Dominion in 1870, $31496-20 over receipts, which, at 6 per cent' represents a capital of $641,608. 20 The Comparative Acconnt is as follows :— JSew Brunswick — Railway profit to the Dominion, $58,841 30. Nova Scotia — Railway loss to the Dominion, $32,496 20. Capital, $980,688 00 Capital, $541,603 00 $1,522,291 00 The Undersigned are not unmindful of the fact that tl.« ^J~^ — T^T of Finance has avoided ffivin., fnir J I i- ^ ^^^^ ^°"- Minister " increase. This is no doX ,™e' te( ,-ot "V'uT '""^ ">™ «"' " due to „s from the O rand Tr, n? " "V""?"^" "■' "'•"''" "f '"'"^=« " and so cease .„ eltlt^^'aJ '^^'„il7 :::i:rr'^ "^»""°-<'. " any „,a.erinl in.proveraen.s i„ KaUw^ prl^ our oKin^'r '"' "P°" " as ,e. at ^^.r..x^z^f::rz:T:::'ij'!' ^ '^^^^ »•■'■ tha?;ei hTr^oircrdatr'^Ko^t::' -"f.' "j-''"-'i^''. i-t,. assert ...^ A'» ^-^.-^ • ::a;4°:„r iv:::;::^^^,*? (hiitiAf- ^t^st^andttroa^^^^^^^^ and Income frmilMTpniSu^Zh 7\^f't'' "'"' -S'" «'™P» A«.e a< to dispell ouTo/ul'onT-' "'^'^ ^"° ^rumwick woM •"^-"J?; ^"''- '*■""=''• I Cuatoms Duties, Kinnini t« 1870 pp.23 26. /Excise Duties, ksse^nse *''"^'"1 '« Eep. Inland Kov. ofco„ee,i„g, P j, , P-30. Bill Stamps, g ^^^ ^J ( , ) .•JUfc«;» — ^j ac( 21 Local Revenue- ^^rought forward, Export Duty, ... ' ... Casual Revenue, Supreme Court Fees, Fees Secretary's Office, Auction Duty, Net earnings E. & N. A. Railway, $1,174,099 16 ^6r..000 00 40,000 00 ii,000 00 5,500 00 100 00 58,841 SO 171,441 30 I>.^.e.-Amount to be paid as per subjoined statement, by ,J'^'''^''' '' Province lor Pubhc Service, '. ^ '"^'^ i,oo8,984 48 Balance at disposal of New Brunswick, ~$3i6;5j5~98 ■ 9stlstr'""''" '^^ '"'"^ "^ ^°'^^ P"^"« ««^^i^^' -"counting 984 48, reference is made to the following ^ STATE..ENX shewivg ike amount the Province of New Brmswiek would to provide for the undermentioned services out of Union :~ to ^1,008,. be required ( s ) c» Interest on Debt— $7,500,000, Civil List, Legislative expenses. Judicial, Protection and Coliectlon'Revenue Post Office, ' Agriculture, liuucation. Lunatic Asylum, ... Public Health, ... iidians. Steam Boat Lispection, Elections, ilitia, TT • -x University, Immigration, Public Printing Contingencies, Postages, &c. Great Roads, Bye Roads, ,,[ ''[ Public Buildings, Furniture, &c."" Steam Navigation, Surveys and General Inspection "" Marriage Certificates, Public Hospital, St. John^ Carleton Branch Railway, (interest), Penitentiarv. -" Total, ... ^450,000 40,000 35,000 20,400 42,000 o :;0,000 12,600 120,000 25,000 6,000 1,200 1,000 1,500 20,000 8,884 1,000 9,000 12,000 85,000 65,000 9,000 9,000 4,000 800 1,200 900 8,500 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 48 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 $1,008,984 48 «:;:ri=T£-r.Kstxr:-z^-s: 23 under the legislation of the Dominion Parliament, she could have efFectually provided for all her Tubiic Services quite efficiently, in the manner and in the items set forth, and covering all the amounts the Province would have been required to provide for, and had at her disposal, for extraordinary ser- vices, unfonjseen claims, the development of her resources, and general pur- poses under her then Constitution, the full sum of $336, .555 98. It may be well, also, to shew the amount collected in the Province of New Brunswick in 1866, under her then Provincial 'lariff, and apply it in like man- ner to the requirements of the Province : — Slatement shewing the Revenue of the Province of New Brunswick in 1866. Import Duties, Export Duties, Seizures, ,„ Auction Duty, Railway Impost, Net earnings E. & N, A. Railway, Light House Duties, S. & D. Seamen, Buoy and Beacon, Cape Race Light, Copyright Duties, Indian Reserve Fund, ... Supreme Court Fees, Sums Refunded, Casual Revenue, Fishery Fund, $852,693 63 65,485 07 539 67 19 33 184.217 07 51,760 46 25,408 85 8,517 21 3,921 64 38 f 61 98 80 368 87 3,021 00 841 29 47,504 42 330 75 Total in 1866, ... $1,245,115 67 Services to be provided for as per preceding Table, ... ... ... 1,008,984 48 Balance at disposal of New Brunswick, $236,131 19 Assuming the population to have increased in five years from 1866, seven and a half per cent, the number would be 270,950, and the rate per head would be $3-82 collected under the head of Import Duties and Railway Im- post, as against $4-11 on the population of 1861; and again, assuming the same rate of increase for the next succeeding five years, the population in 1870 would be 289,853, which at |3-82 per capita would yield from the same sources $1,107,238-46. To this we add the Add— LOCAL REVENUE. [Imports and Railway Duties, above,' $1,107,238 46 Export Duty, 63,135 65 Seizures, (as in 1866), 539 67 Auction Duty, 46 09 Net earnings Railway, 68,841 30 Light House Duties, (1866) ... 25,408 85 S. & D, Seameu, 8,517 21 OarrUd forward, $1,268,726 23 T 23 Brought forioard, $1,263,726 23 Buoy and Beacon, " 3,921 64 (.Jape liace Lijflit, " 387 61 Co tyright Duties, " 98 80 Indian Ueserve Fund, " 36& 87 Sui'reme Court Fees, 2,100 00 Sums Refunded, " 841 29 Casual Revenue, 35,983 23 Fishery Fund, 330 75 Fees, Secretary's Office, (. 5,465 15 Lunatic Asylum, 33rd Vic. Cap. 25, . 380 00 $1,313,603 57 'f Statement shewing the Estimated Expenditure of the Pr not taken place, in 1870, as shewn by the Dominion of that year : — Interest on Debt, Civil List, Legislative expenses, Judicial, ... Protection nnd Collection Revenue, Pest Office, ... Agriculture, Eduoition, Lunatic Asylum, ... Public Health, Indians, ... Steam Boat Inspection, Fllections, Militia, University, Immigration, ... Public Printing, Contingencies, Postages, &c. Great Roads, ... Bye Roads, Public Buildings, Furniture, &c. Steam Navigation, Surveys and General Inspections, Marriage Certificates, Public Hospital, St. John, Interest Carleton Branch Railroad, Penitentiary, Light Houses, S. and D. Seamen and Marine Hospital, Buoys and Beacons, Capo Race Light, ... ... Fisheries, ... Copyright Duties, Pensions, ... Unforeseen expenses, •o.nnce in case Union had and Provincial Accounts $450, 40, 40, 20, 42, 20, 12, 120, 25, 6, 1, 1. 1, 20, 8, 1, 9, 12, 85, 65, 9, 9, 4, 000 00 0^0 00 000 00 400 00 000 00 000 00 600 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 200 00 000 00 500 00 000 00 884 4<'< 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 800 00 1,200 00 ^^M 900 00 1^ 8,500 00 ^H 15,262 53 ^^M 7.290 71 ^^M 3,201 35 ^H A -til £*A ^^^^H , ^ItT VU Immmmm 2,787 50 ^H 134 44 ^^1 160 00 ^^M 10,000 00 H $l,aa3,240 70 1 24 Consequently the Province would have had the sum of «1 qi q fin. r r * an expenditure of 81 053 240-70 Jnn.,- ^"®f""^o^ »l,313,603-57 to meet Public Treasury ! T is LitUe wo.I "l° ' "". f 8260,362-87 in the excess of In.pJrts i„ 1870 tTe he „ pV;;::rito6 ' T h"'^'"^,1 "" ''^ inconsiderable sura. -imports of 18G6, which would be no i^u^ ^rbtf fiivii:! ir" '^'^ ^'^'^^^^^ '^^ ^'^-* ^«-*'- to the foi. on account oT^rBltirTd'th' '' ''' ''°"""°" ^^^^^^^ ^^ or Treasury by the DomirnTot at ptvi:?" A^ -7' "'^^ ^'^ ^^"^^^^ department, that the undersio-ned fr f ; ^^ !," . '^ '''^' "' '''^^^ ^^ ^his ter of expenditure by the Domnfnn V^'''^''^y '^ f"")' *« meet the mat- are omitf^d, which, however if aSl 1 . ' ' *'''* '"■*"'" ^'^^''^'«« 3"lt; ^-hile there are 1^1.1; ^^1"""'^! ^'^ "^^^ rnuterially atiect the re- fully .ard o eiti c^^^^^^^^^^^ the Undersigned desire to be tions. ''"^'"^ '° ^' J"«<^ ^o ^"^brace them in the calcula- Statement shcwiirg Amount paid by the Domhiion of Canada [ Vide Public Accounts, 1870 1 Subsidy, Interest on Debt, Salary Lieutenant Governor ^ :A<]rniin8tration of Justice, ' Light House and Coast Service, Coll n and Protec'n of Kevenue, -Tisheries, M*i.. " ••• ••• ,. ^''•tia, Provincial Penitentiary, Post Office, (P. M. Gen's Acc't 'mwance of sixty three thousand dollars."— [5. N. A. Act § 115 119 1 Now under the arrangement made at the London Conference, ihe Dominion Government did not allow to New Brunswick the interest on the seven millions of debt until that amount had actually been reached. But by the terms of the readjustment with Nova Scotia, the Dominion Government granted, and have paid, Aom Scotia the interest on the balavce of their debt from 1st July 1867 the time the Union took place. The Undersigned claim, that had New Lrunsw.ck received the same consideration, and received interest on the balance, she would be entitled to ^54,240 71 at five per cent, the rate con- templated by the British North America Act ; or at 6 per cent, as paid to Nova Scotia, 865,08885. The terms of the Act, as applied to New Bruns- wick, and the terms of the readjustment, on the same subject, as applied to Nova Scotia are singularly dissimilar ; and the effect of it is, that New Brunswick does not receive the same liberal consideration as the g'ster Province receives-and that to the extent of sixty five thousand dollarsand upwards. SAVINGS BANK ACCOUNT. Proceeding to the Accounts Current for 1869 between Nova Scotia and the Dominion, and between New Brunswick and the Dominion, a marked differ- ence IS observable nndpr this h""d ^n ♦h" V/---.. c. ^- \ ^ -^ .,,,,.• -I-..!!, t,! iHc iSOva ocutia Account Current (Public Accounts III., page 16,) Nova Scotia is charged with Savings Bank Deposits after deductmg ten per cent. In the Nova Scotia Correspondence {Report of Hon. finance Minister) we find the following:-" The points ad 'vanced touching the special character of these iteins, (Provincial Note Circulation aud Savings Bank Depoeits,) composiDg part of the debt of 26 "tinues the Finance Minister^ cannnirh!i .^^\^"^«''«>?r»ecl con- « case as ur^ed by NovTZlLuT 7 ^ ^'"^""''^ '" *^« ^'''^^^ ^'^ the '• state of th^l Zful he bo'n^ a^er a careful examination into the whereas, on the contrary, the Account is made up a Jai S ^iTl P *' without any such deduction. Thus:— ° Province Savings Bank, Kova Scotia. 1869. Savings Bank Deposits, (Pub. Accts. III. p. 16), *644 fi«7 no Less 10 r>er cent. (Ibid. ) ^ ^' '" *^**'^87 02 ^ >* , ... 64,468 70 Savings Bank, I^ew Brunswick. Savings Bank Deposits, (Pub. Accts. page 18 ) If from this we deduct 10 per cent "W'ehave $080,218^32 $777,359 85 77,735 98 $699^62 3_87 ti ai C( C C( 27 Statement shemnr, amounts of Imrort Duties collected in the different Provinces and the amount per head of the populations by Census im ''"'''' Canndn, $7,002,987 2,507,657 $2 Oo ^ova bcot,a, 1,13.3,344 330,857 3 43 New Brunswcic, 1,015,111 252,047 4 03 The (lata for this Table arc taken from the Public Accounts of Can^rla for the year endin- 30th June 1870. accounts ot Canada A Comparative Statement of Amounts paid for the Provinces of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. Subsidy and additional Grants, Lieutenant Governor, Administration of Justice, 1870, "* Light House and Coast Service,' ... Collection and Protection of Kevenue Interest on Debt, ' 7 • • • • ■ • $407,383 60 7,000 00 21,915 00 62,650 00 122,040 00 551,205 36 New Brunswick. 6314,637 60 (.000 00 28,129 00 39,041 00 75,168 00 420,000 00 Totals, $1,172,193 96 $883,975 60 Imports, Paid by Dominion G >vernraent, Surplus, Deficit, $1,133,344 00 1,172,193 96 $38,849 96 $1,015,111 00 883,975 60 $131,135 40 A Comparr^Hve Statement of Railway Earnings and Expntditures, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, [vide Public Accts. Ottawa, 1870, p. 62^ part II I^eceipts, Expenditue, f»i:pl"s, l>elicit Capital or Gross outlay. Surplus equal to Deficit equal to 6 per ct. interest on Nova Scotia. $273,028 56 305,524 76 $32,496 20 $6,706,984 00 561,603 00 New BnuNswicK. $198,525 29 139,683 99 $58,841 30 $4,703,385 16 li per cent. THE PER CAPITA SUBSIDY. The per Capita Subsidy to the differenf. Pmvin... u.- nn-^n-' 7 .i, . cecds 400,000. By Th„ lirkLh nLh a "'"<""'"» "» popul„ti„„ ex- cents por head on a p„p„,aU„o of 1,896,0.1, asLlt,':! 'iX c::::. Z Will continue t2-80. New lirLJT ""' " f''^P"'"ti'>" <>f 1,111,506, «"l'.si,ly on a population of 2r.2 oTt Zf/^'"'?'!^''''''^'^**^ *^ ••^*'«'^'« t''« '"/? to the present arran^omontrnevor -^ '" e^^01,fJ37-60, and acord- «0 cents on 400,000, nfn" ! "^Znt'^TT' '""'^ *'"" «^-^'0^'^' ^^-'^ Tl.i.. at leant in „ prospective poitf ''' P^Pnlation may increase! -ont and s,.o„',d! it i^ subn i t ^ J^ v;^l:e" T:":''^'^' '''''''''' --^- and Parliament of the Dominion.' Why sho h'tt p" "' ^''^«— '-'' J'onor to represent not bo placed in th, T """'"'^^''^ I'rov.nce they have tho If New Brunswick cxcee, he ' J 'f T" -'"•'"'"^" "^ ^"^""-i^ ^'' Q^'obec v >;ave the allowance of ^sTl::;;; p^eT^r^rlhi:?''' ^^'"^ ^"^^"'^^ ^ "« "- tho same population as Quebec or Ontario ? '"''' "" "' ^'"'* "^ *^ Bv Tb. -R V u X. I^KGISLATIVE GRANT. iJy The British North America Act //? Ar ^ . yuled, that a Grant shall be mad vfaHv ,v'r / ^'''/^"- '^^'^ '"' '« P^^" ''' "'Cal'"^^^ «overnlVn:: a^^L^^rjr :i^^ ^^^^^^"-' Quebec,' '" "*•• - - $80,000 00 Nova Scotia, "* '" - - 70,000 00 New Brunswick '" - ^^/'OO 00 The TJrwlersicrncd submif fW ['I "' '" ^^''00*^00 annual Grant tf ^o^^S; llf. r;J^trV: "^"°"^^ --^" ^^''^^ ^'"-^ extent of $10,000, Whatever 1 e i crTaseff n " ^ '" l^^unswick, to the been during the last decade In of T. S^"''''"" ""^^' «PP<^ar to have expected to increase more li '^than ^r. 7m ""' "^•''>— nably be But, separate from this ar,.irn7per non . ^7^ '''"''''' '" *'"« ^"''"e. New Brunswick, seems, as^i ts, u.ffS r'and win"! ''? ''T"'"^^''^" «^^'-^ jnanifestly so. The cost of g^vent n^ and ? '" ^'^'""^^ '''^ "^"''«^ locally, cannot, and should .fot b "f 2? legislating for the Provinces Constitution intended to be pepetua "tt '^1. ^^^^^^^-^ »^.y a Bhewn," said the Hon. Dr. Ti;pper . hat th t^ . ^'' ^''" abundantly cost) "of working the British Constitl^ , ^"*^^"'^^" (^^^^ a forllon the " to the size of the Colon^to whi h ^-"1 ^''"''"', " '^ "" '"^^'^ -^- 0/ Carnarvon, Oct. 1866. ^""^ ^''" applied, "-[i,//,, ^, ^,,; .^^«^«I«^^TIOX OP DOMINION PATRONAGE. on theYu&tr^^^^^^^^^^ n^atterof justand serious compIaTnt i„ Z' P ''""^^ *''^' ^' ^'^ "^^^^ of the Public Service in the ScTt n" ? Brunswick, that the expenses the other Provinces than Tn Now Bn^Ze""'^\" ''''^'' '" '-'^ of of honors and emoluments in tl Jcl " sI ! ' '. v'^''' ^" ^^^^ distribution of New Brunswick have been ale yoverbol °f ^^^.^."--'-n, the people the Dominion, their number safari! a T^; . "^ ^''^ °^ *^'« officials of reveal a state if things'ny iu^ l"'. '1^^^' °' '^"'^ °^ ^'^«'^--^' -ould g any thing but complimentary to the inhabitants of t / i» / t f \ receive ,,,„t full con.i,:™„'.t •?"'';''';""'"• ^"'•"""'""-■^ f...k.mtio„,_tl,o Public Fi„„ncr;„' ,1 T ^ ''■ '" ™"""1"<'"™ of Con- present time, are in a vc y u, hill "7,"™ "' ^"'- "'''""'"•-k «t tho .1.0 cxpe„,|i,u.i .0 "r; If I :, 7"7'^' "'"• "'•■"«>on .o„„u,„.J- n.o„.,„, .i.0Pr„vi:ee!:i: 1:,^ ;;:^;^';7-- «'- P-«i..g rcuiro. ])rovided for, simply i'orthon.nrJ- '^ '"''''■'■"''' ^"''"^ ^^'''*>"y "n- - fund, upo'n w,!i'^/:v„ r > ;;;!,r"r: nV'"" "" "r^ ■'- ''•""""- ca„„ot be made up eonu.lete or f, II o 1" i °''>""'»'j-' «"'!' a seate.neut i"S to estimate tl,e nature and cvl:,? "^ '""'f "" '" ''"""''• I" ""loavor- bored that ,l,e probab e pro' et^.Te Pro •'" ''V'T' '' '" '" I*" -"■™- time to time present e.i Je^fe e/tl !Lm r' "'"' ""'"'-likodata, will from if for no otber, a Provinee »hou 1,1 LI H ""'""'"''" ' ""J f»r this reason, or reserved balance/ is E^ht" 1 h'" T"'™" "^ " -T"- f-J theless to the aetio,, of Parii ,men „n ,' "'".'T''""'""'""' ""''J'^' ""'O^- for all time." no man ea^be";: le I t-j: . '^lli: ""' '^ " ■'"^- •'"' aro important clain.s already fully sta "u. theP , ^•""'^■; '*'" "'"° ;vh.eh there is no provision or power toZe T^T ": "'", '"'"' '■'"'' Undersigned desire your eonsidoration ^ ^ " '^="' "' "'■'™ "■« tHLt^r't:r;j;r^;::[:;t;^r^^ r.rti:;*^,te::mTtretp%'^^^^^^^ submit inm,edia,ely o he P ' fu ;Tl '^ Government to the ereetion and equipment-. The e«Mf""" " """""■" '" I'^^Jo f"f ment,"-of a Penite„thrvi7andf .■,,'."'""■ '"""■'""""oe, and manage- ia not diffieult .o CZ' Z tempt ^°J^T f ^'T' '*""-™^- " sueh a measure. . Eeferrino- t„m , "'° I''=?'»l'""re will reeeive City and County'of & t Jo „ i T/' ,'"? °' "'" '''='''««''"' f"™ ">« is estinmted as follows -l ' """'' "■" '" ""^ y^"' 1839 the eost Lands, I'Uiidintr, *" ■■' ••• ••• £ihO Keeper's House "* "* •" •- ^,000 Iron Doors, &c.' "' "* - - 480 Fences, &c. "" "• - - 200 420 ^8,500 Q To tl 30 iia nm< fi,.,. r,„,l„ ■ ,°,""! " '" ""'■''"' '" "'''' "'° ''"■»!° ""PO"''!'"™ from ti„,„ to u ■nor, U. ,U. I l,cro wore ,,l,o improvorriciits niu.lo U- coiivice l.ihor V ...., ,lo „o, „ppc.„r o„ .1,0 faco „r ,:,„ A,,.o,n„H. Tho co,, o'l,, „rl " nre tiiiio : — can^ on its oporatlon« under the expcn.Iituro of 1^^). Tl., un. X "d o|^.,un,on that the following is the nunin.um CHtinuUo at Ibo [Z:,^ Lands Bnild.n^s Machinery, &o., O'om,ri„cp( >,pon thr A,-t of the JJomumn JMnonn,f,) 3;{rd Vict. Cap. yo,) for a 1' -ovi c ul Penitentiary, ??10U,0U0, interest, ... .. '*''""^'"' Cost jier annum for maintenance. Annual charge to New Brunswick, $0,000 00 8,500 00 914,500 00 -. Great Road., B;,c Iton.fs, Brhh,es, jf-r.-The Undersi..ned venture to nggcst tha numy of the services which devolve upon the^N w Br n ick Government are o a peculiar character, and are scarcely duly apn c by others. As an illustration of this fact, the Road Service i. a sevTe s * pon he finances of the country; und the practical effect, in a p2 |y tied I rovinco of H.ilway extension, and of opening new Settleme ts is to oast new burdens upon this branch of the service. There rabeadv "IS^ J.les of Great Roads, (,.. Sessional Papers of CanaJ^^f'^!"^ Paper 8 Appends 23,) which are annually increased b; the ne c^, aTy Vrans' f r of Bye lioads to the Great Road Establishment ;^.nd on T e G t" Koads alone the total length of Bridges is computed at tu-erU, fi Z^To atter yearly involving an expenditure of $38 000. The annual CnV f e repair and maintenance of 7.,. Roads is ,65,ioO. It must r Ltll'^ also, that a large amount is contributed by Statute Laboar nn.l ;, '''''"' to observe, that this work has been and I Jl^Za ^1^^^:^: pr ciselyu. the same manner as before the Union took place Bt^ withstanding t ns expenditure of money and labor, the Ro d s;rv^ is Lut' very inofhcontly provided for, and large and urgent demands ieinV, • or unaccepted because there is no more'money at^be dilplfo Ver ^^ ^^Xc^n:!^:^^-^^^^^^^^ ^y of Saint ^mc>unt of travel and tratlic ^o.,.,J^/;^''T:t:r::^C'Z Great Thoroughfare come at last, and the Government is so utte ly w^ hou Z^r^ '" ^ff "P"'^'' "' ""^'^ '-^"^ '^ *^«^ the sum require" 1 fav 850.0 or $bOOO,)-to place it in comnleto nnd r..nnor remnr - .(«ay 5?50JO c,.. ive. „„a people i.vo i,..,, uH™, io,z:z2::::j:r:r:JX upon It: a novel resort which would be verv distasfpfnl n. i "//^^^'^^ n,a,,veo„,a not bofonod "■••"•'■' '■'■"«"■ ou.o,_i, U o„ly « vory »„.ae.li o o, 1 ' ' " ' "'"■ " """ "" '""'•'"'■I Win. oon,i,k.,o.l, tl.'an New ilk "i^^^^ "" Memo,,,,, „l| ,, n,„»t bo („ko„ if ,,r„,,roas i, t, bo ;,°a o rr'T'"'^ "" "" "'''«» "'"'"o.ion their 0,0, i„ .i,„,b, „„J oxp",i"rl' ,',"'""■' '" "'" " '"«» ""■" ripe wi.l, „,„„,. i„J„oe„,o„' t i ", : '"'"!""".' ' ^■-'' "™-"-iok i» ox,„l„s tV,„„ ,bo old W,.,.|d ,0 u., V I " """"^"■""i 'W »t,-oa„,i„g can l,o,,„biio, a„d ,l,o i,a b i trj;: "" ''°'' ''""" '" ""■ ^"'"^ cf moa,,,. Wbolly „„„ulo toon, tnbna.b •""?'" " '"""'"• '''"'" '"'•■k co,„o„t o„,.,olvo, ,vitl, heari,,. ft !,?„'■"'"" """ ''"■ ""» '""■vieo, wo l«o,.li,ie» i„ o,.,-ver,,,oi.l,;:;?, V :':,:/;•■'" 7 --> '«»» '-..voroa of i,n„gra,io„ Co„(o,.o„cos. A'ew B,-, wtl ",, """" l'c»oU„io„« full sbaro of duty to the Domi, "'" """^^'^ »''l "«ve,' b-. ablo to do bor En,i,.atio,,,witb;pte «,,::;;:;; .■''"''^•" '" ''-*". '" tl.eca„J gisla.,„e ba, airoady 0,,actX Sol J IL w wf '''; °" '■'" """'"'■ ^he Lo- upo„ ,1,0 people, will also en.ai de^rlT''''" '''''"'' '■'•^^•""■»'''» nature and extent of ,be,e it i, imposs Ll f,! '«'ver„n,ont. Tbe fall enough to say that K.nigratio, ™dTdn , ""',"' °'' »"'i'-^P»te. It is for oat of tbo i„eon,o at L d „o d o^be g" "" "' ■"" '""^««''^ --tl 5. ne «,««% io„,.ly call, f,r the '"'^"""""" ""^ ''■•"vinco. thatitspoworsof^efuhlrmavbeelb ''T''''''''° "' ^'™"'"'^i»' ">onoy, tion enlarged. Indeed, no„Wth,.a„di,t .ir ' """ "" "'"'" "' '"' ■-'™- Legislaturo, the relurn.\,e not slh a f , ' 7°""" ""'■'"''t.tej by the of the people. Money is req,"ired lor rt" !? '''"'""""''° ""Testations the buildings and grounds-tbr the Inr °"''"«''""="' "'"1 improvement of now seiontife apparatus, and forttho" Cr"'"'" "' ""^ '""' ^-Po^tation of remembered that the Legislature ha, til ^^ "■"""''■ ^"'^ """=" " '^ itself for Common Schoo' purposes it "•"'"■r'""1 ""'"^ ''"'"^"^ "P"" cannot bo doubted. Indeed be Une, If '," "'" °"""' "' '^''"cation what „,av in,lee,l „l„„^, t _ ,'',.^"''""S"C'l behove they only a,.,.i,.i «. moans were atTh^ediVo,;'! ^"''/'^ <>P'-". "ben they deelare,' that if The inclusion of the University i„ the ^„;*I"r°"'' '""' "'""'' '"'™™'» - every ij«i;*« of the P^vinde rtlaW I T, " °'"'° ''™""'^° ' """ education, i„ all its hraoches, t.o. the priLr;''i;e;:rZn";:ld 0^^ 0uA 'IcAj 32 Schonla up to the Free U.dursihj of tlie Province. Further efforts, however in the enli-htencd cause of popuhu- education cannot ho made, unless some more healthy state of the public finances can be indu.-.ed. At the last Session of the Legislature application was made to the Govern- ment by the President of the Saint John Mechanics Institale, and also by one of the Members of the Directorate-both of them Members of the House ot A8sembly,-for a small grant in aid of the Technological Scho„l-or bchoo ot Design-in connection with the Saint John Mechanics Institute. Ihe Meml)ers of the Government were not slow to acknowlcd.re the impor- tance of the Institution, nor to declare their desire to aid it, particularly at the time when this Department is struggling in its infancy ; but to the appli- cat.on was returned the stereotyped reply, " no funds," and it will remain to be seen whether this "School," so important to the Mechanics, and so interesting to all, in New Brunswick, must fail for lack of means. It is in- deed hare if this should be the case, at a time when it is publicly announced that the Ontario Government, out of its large revenues, is about to establish a iechnological School in the City of Toronto. 6. 31inwg.~ThQ extent, richness and value of the Minino resources of Isew Brunswick are only partially lown, and that by mere "estimate, even to the people of the Province themselves. But the limited geological explo- rations of the Province which have been made fully justify them^in the con- clusion, that New Brunswick is rich in extensive and varied mineral deposits 13ut this IS of httle practical moment, if they are to be forever buried in the earth. Ihere can be no question, that a proper expenditure of money in tins important work would not only largely benefit the local interests of" the Province, but also advance the material services of the Dominion. And it IS indeed necessary for the people of ii^^y Brunswick very seriously to examine every probable industry, and struggle to enhance it, since they have discovered that their invaluable Fishents, which have long been a source of employment and subsistence to a very large class, and of revenue and pros- perity to the Provincc-and^Oiikahey had hoped and believed were secured to them and their children for ever,-are in imminent jeopardy, as a sacri- lice to the Empire's emergencies ! 7. The Province Buildings, 8. I'he Lunatic Asylmn. The Undersigned forbear to enlarge on this branch of their enquiry. MANITOBAH AND BRITISH COLUMBIA. By the terms of the Resolutions passed by the Legislature of New Brunswick, it will be observed that pointed reference is m,ul« tn th« fi,o.„;.., arrangements concluded with, and the constitutional advuntages"gran'terto'" Muintobah and British Columbia, and proposed to the outlyiT.g Colonics : ,. • 1 1 ^ I 33 Manitobah and British r,»l.imK;„ n . „ ^ ^ *"® ^^^^^ reeled to i.." o..sno if they ore „ot ^ranted TC hi! ""dl'O great nguslieo wliieh t>,i,st t" others as Lar „„.. ;::;!:i!; „/ J ^ L^^, T LruT.t^" ""' T """-^ to tortitV their nosifin.. 1.,*,. „ • i ^ ' " '^ is deemed necessary and anxious, at any ex-pen li,„re'i°,:,' '''""'' ""-'^- '"■'' "' ""<>'= ready in aetai, into that {.has^ anad:;:'.::,:; I'f^^ :,' „.:;"'"--' '0 P™-'" ovltLTr.r;,f,ti'::e^;:::':ref''^,r-"°""'''^''-"^''^^ rest their case as it is n.altonnl J P''''™'" ""= Undersigned .'.at they „,„y h e d p ," Hw U',; ,1° ''"™'""? """"'''• '^''-^ "»" Government will permit convcn.eneo of the Dominion CO.VCLUSIO.V. Bri::hfs:r\i.r4t;„^:::,:;;^- jf i"^ '>v» -■-^ v„iee, or hot,, >i".., havein,.ruete,r 0° ( °" °""' •''" '•"="' "''"""I EI»o. eonstitn.ional mel", ^-o^^ment to press for JJcUr Jir„,s by every .— ::;:esinr>i:o';:r„z^^^^^^^^ '-« "■- - - •l.at of any previous yi^, ' .f,"""'^','"." " "-"""<^ ""'l-'lled by ■loliars for iLl dove'Cne t a d h Z,? " "^="">'"'""'g '-'"""S „^ yearly and substantially I ,rvLri h. "I'f ""■■""'"' : 'l-at Q,„6ec is that Nova ScoUa has re oived lermff ,r T "'"■ °' "'° *^'^"""' I' " = .l.a.. those conceded tcnerh^Te it ^anTlr :*''"'' "-""vanta.eou. laturowheu the cnmnaet was .ltd ., . T,' ""l' ""''P'"' V lier Legis- Constitution an.l Gov r, 1 t 'ototfi; . f 7''°'?* ''"' ""'"""' « ''''••'" ren,u„er„tivo than Ne vU , sw^efc Is! '" T """''''""""' "'») "">ro Prince Mlv,arU ManU will r^pl'^.^ .";'=°'="'='' i ''■°' AV„yb»„«„„,, „„„ poet, or have none of the AgTeemem whilerr """"""'^ '" "''' ™«- 6 34 «ver of commercial ease and prosperity she cujoys ib despite hot Financial Barqain of 1867. Nevertheless, as an important and valuable portion ot the United Provinces, the people of New Brunswick respectfully but most firmly demand that the political prosperity, comfort and development ot their Pro- vince shall be equally matters of solicitude to the Government and Parliament of the Dominion, as tending more surely to secure the successful operation of the Compact, and at the same time to "protect the diversified interests of " the several Provinces, and secure efficiency, harmony and permanency in « the working of the Union."— [^(/efcec Conference, Section 2. Therefore, that these great purposes may be accomplished ; that the people of New Brunswick, who held at the time the key of Confederation in their own hands, may command their just rank in the Dominion; that they may not discover that the frankness and freedom with which they accepted Union have really proved fatal to them ; and that the Constitution may vouchsafe to all that even handed justice without which no system of Government can be stable or satisfactory, and at once the pride and protection of the governed, the Undersigned, on behalf of the People, the Legislature, and the Govern- ment of New Brunswick, respectfully submit their Appeal. We have the honor to be Sir, Your obedient servants, GEORGE L. HATHEWAY, BENJ. R. STEVENSON, WM. WEDDERBURN. I untinciai n of the it firmly eir Pro- fliament peratiou erests of aency iu le people I in thejt ;hey may ed Union 'ouchsafe ment can joverned, 5 Govern- 35 :WAY, ON, ^ *To thut Letter, the Undersigned received the following reply :_ (COI'V.) Gentlemen-,— Ottawa, 9th Octoher, 1871. I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt, this mornin- of vour l.nnted Letter of the 2nd inst., addressed to the SecUary of Stat; lb/ 1 1 Z'r ^-'r " 'Tn ^^p "• '" '' ^'-^'''^t-- P--^ ^luring the last Session of the Leg,, uture of the Province of Xew Crnnswick ; one hv the Legislative Connc, , and the other by the House of Assen.hly of that Province," si .! hMth tl.a ,yon have been appointed by the Lieutenant Governor of Ne^ B.n,nsw,ck ,n Council as Delegates to proceed to Ottawa, on the subjeft t lo.olut,ons ,n quest.gn, and generally to consider the abstract right of that 1 rovmce to ^^Bc/tcr Terms," as a member of the Dominion. Your Letter has been transferred to the Seeretarv of State for C-madi ^rou^. whose Dep.-tn.ent all such matters are brought under th^ 1:^^^, Hib J'.xcelloncy the Governor General. I have the honor to be, Sirs, Your obd't servant, E. A. MEREDITH, The Ilonorablcs Under Secretary of State. OEORGE L. nATiiEWAY, BEXJ. R. STEVEXSOX, W]\[. WEDDERBURX, Esquire, ]\I. P. p„ Ottawa. 1 UPPLH, (,. 13., President of the Privy Council :— (copy. ) Srii,- OTTA^VA, October 3rd, 1871. f uu\ 1^1^"^^^'^ appointed by the Government of New Brunswick confer with the Privy Council of the Dominion of Canada on th. «, " to Canada on the subjf>ct of »Tt may bo pr„pe.- to note, in explanation, that when the Undersigned stated in their Letter of Oetnhe. oni. o t! o «„ ce. of that P.-ov.nce m obta.naig u reference o. the disputed questions to Arbitration in it.ell and under the cu-oun.etances. admitted at that time to be no small concision S nee tie, 6 36 ;« yU '' Better Terms" for the Province of New Brunswick, respectfully solicit an interview at as early a day during the ensuing week as your Honorable body may appoint. We have the honor to be, Your obedient servants, GEORGE L. HATHEWAY, BENJ. R. STEVENSON, The Honorabe Dr. TUPPER, ^^- WEDDERBURN. President of the Privy Council, &c. &c. &c. To which the Undersigned received the following reply :— (copy.) _, Ottawa, October 4th, 1871. Gentlemen,— In reply to your Letter dated yesterday, I have the honor to inform you that the Privy Council will be happy to receive you as Delegates from New Brunswick on Monday next at 3 o'clock. I remain, Yours faithfully. The Honorables CHARLES TUPPER. G. L. HATHEWAY, B. E. STEVENSON, WILLIAM WEDDERBURN, Esq., M. P. P. As Your Excellency will at once perceive, from a perusal of their Letter of the 2nd October, it was impossible for the Undersigned to pursue their investigations of the Dominion Returns and Accounts down to a later date than the close of the fiscal year 1869-1870. They tlierefore addressed the following Letter to the Honorable the Minister of Customs;— (copy.) Hon. S. L. TILLEY, C. B., ^""^^^' ^^^°^«^ ^t'^' l^H. Minister of CiiBtoms, &c. &c. Sir,— Referring to our Letter of the 2nd instant to the Honorable the Secretary of State for the Provinces: we found it impossible to go as fully into the Customs Returns of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick as we desired, as we had not at our disposal the figures for the year ending 30th June last! We, therefore, take the liberty to ask you, if you can furnish us with the Official Returns up to the present time, that we may use them as we may find necessary in discussing our claims upon the Dominion for " Better Terms." We have the honor to be, Your obedient servants, GEORGE L. HATHEWAY, BENJ. T?., .".TEVTilN^ON WM. WEDDERBURN. And a similar Letter to the Honorable the Minister ox Public Works, as follows :— 37 (copy.) Hon. H. LAXGEviN, c. B., OTTAWA, October 7, 1871. Minister of Public Works, &o Sir, — Returns from the Pub^c Xwr 'i'''T'''^l' *« ^o as fully into the clesired, as we had not t oTr di poLfl^^ T ""f "I"^' """""^^^^ '' ^' June last. We, therefore take the lb t .^"""T ^'' '^'' ^''"' ^"^^°^ '^^th with the Official' Ret:Zl^^^::!Z:1l^^ '' ''" ^"V'""^^' "^ may find necessarv in chS..: ' '^* ''''' "''''>' "^^ t^^m as we T'.rL." ^ discussing our claims upon the Dominion for ^^ Better We have the honor to be, Your obedient servants, GEORGE L. HATHEWAY, BENJ. R. STEVExXSON, WM. WEDDERBURN. foiw' t!™"" ''^""- '° '"^ ^"""-"'^ *» Mi'-'" of Inland Eovenuo, as (copy.) Hon. ALEXANDER MORRIS, ' OTTAWA, October 7th, 1871. Minister of Inland Revenue, &c Sir, — We have the honor to be, Your obedient servants, GEORGE L. HATHEWAY, BENJ. R, STEVENSON, WM. WEDDERBURN Parhament in consideration of fto e.ceptional'^nature „ theirMtarnX Pursuant to the aforegoing appointment, the Undersigned were honoured 4 38 with a liearin*:^ before the ITonorablo the Privy Council on 3In))da)/. tlio iihifh (lay of Ot7oi(.T instant ; and upon that occasion, cnibracod the (iiipoitiiniiy to enlarge upon auH. otherwise enforce each of the arguments and propositions presented in their Letter of the 2nd instant, — (a copy of wliich had already been lianded to eacii Minister,) — and to comment upon, — and to fortify their case with, — and to advance other views suggested by, — the additional and valuable information as to Customs, Public Works, Revenue, &c., placed at their disposal. The Undersigned should, perhaps, inform Your Excellency, that they adn\itted, notwithstanding time and experience have abundantly proved that the " British North America Act, i567," has not provided anythi ng like adequate terms for New Brunswick, yet, as this Province had solemnly and deliberately accepted it, and severe and exceptional as the financial results must prove, no complaint, or appeal for " Ddlrr Terms," would probably have been nuide in its behalf '«ut for the Xova Scotia concessions and the very generous nature of the teriii.s granted to the Provinces of Manitobah and British Columbia imd ottered to Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island. They referred, also, to the arrangement concluded with Ontario in the matter of the Great West- ern Railway Company, * which has practically and ettectually enhanced the terms given to that Province by the Act of Union. They thereupon contended the charge could not justly be preferred againSt New Brunswick that it alone sought or seeks relief from a Constitutional Compact which it had accepted. Indeed, that the original Agreement or Act of Confederation, and the terms foreshadowed by the Quebec and London Conferences, both technically as regards Nova Scotia and practically as regards all the Provinces of the Con- federacy, except New Brunswiclc, exist only by a sort of misnomer, po largely had they been departed from either in letter or in spirit, and sometimes in both. And because they had not in their Letter of the 2nd instant gone into the arguments presented by these better terms to Ontario, British Columbia, Manitobah, Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island, the Undersigned accepted this opportunity of orally referring to them, and of com[>aring them with the terms contemplated by the Conferences and the Act of Confederation and those granted to New Brunswick. And as the Undersigned had frequently to meet the charge of extravagance against New Brunswick published in the Upper Provinces since the movement in the Legislature in favor of '■'• BeVer Terms," and the allegation that the Funds allotted to it were wasted and needlessly consumed, they took occasion to refer to that subject before the Privy Council, and more fully during their Conferences with certain members of the House of Coroinons who adopted that line of agumeut. They appealed to the Annual Accounts of the Province, and contended that no new items had been added to the public expenditure since Confederation ; that precisely the same services, now a charge on the local Government, had for years existed f r V *Dom. Stat.Z& Vict. Cap L; 34 Vict. Cap XLIV; ctoet. t T 39 l)cforo Confodcratioii,— In.lood evoi- since tlio ostablislimcMit, of Rc^q)onsive than the exii^^eneies of oacli case demanded as tlie I'rovinee pro-ressed. That for the snp"p,.rt of oil these, the terms of the Union Act were intended, but are inade(iuate; and that all of //n;n, with the other services ori-inally within the Jnrisdiction of the rrovineial Government, were eomiin-tably cared lor before' C(.nfedera- tion. That it is manifestly irrelevant an,s" / Ami would anv who ut the Undersigned submitted, also that no such propositions were presented to Nova Scotia, and no such' spirit pervaded the negotiations with the North West Territorv, or British Colum- bia, or the offers made to the outlying Colonies. That had any such proposals been advanced prior to Confederation, and when tlie schemes of Union were siibmitted,— instead of the large promises contained in Imperial Despatches, Government Memorandums and Conference Kesolutions, and in the speeches of the Canadian and other Delegates delivered from Citv to Citv, from Char- ]ottet-wn to Ottawa, and all of an exactly opposite and reassuringtenor,— New Brunswick most certainly would liavc refused to enter into any Constitutional Alhance Nvith " Old Canada." That, furthermore, New Brunswick will have made suflicient sacrifieo, under any circumstances, to secure to the British North American Provinces a Constitution, without now being called upon to submit to external dictation and practical coercion and conU-ol as to the curtailment or limiting of its own internal expenditure below what it had long before enjoyed, and below ichat wan prafes^nll^ guaranteed to it in 1HU7 ; and oiil? because it logically seeks to obtain under the Constitution, the same consider- ation It enjoyed before the Constitution, and which others have so liberally received since the adoption of the Constitution. Aud tiiey claimed through- 40 |! 'I out all the Conferences referred to in this Report to Your Excellency, that whatever organic changes, if any, may be deenicd desirable or necessary here- after must be solely matter for the consideration of the local Legislature,* imd that the benclits accruing, if anij, should of right belong to Now Brunswick, and not to the Dominion, as in all similar cases; but, finally and above all, that no reductions can possibly be made large enough to render the demand lor '■'■ Belter Terms" either unnecessary or untenable. In addition, the Undersigned felt it their duty to present more in detail than could be conveniently embraced in any Letter, a Statement of the Annual Income and the Annual Expenditure in the local services, as set forth, at large, in the Journals of the last Session of the Provincial Legislature.t They explained, among other things, that not only were all the Funds allotted to this Province and available under the Briti^k North America Act, and the Local Revenue, legitimately and entirely absorbed from year to year, but also that the additional sums of $J00,000, and $14,000,— baf/mces in the hands of the Government and Departments in 1867, and to which casual reference is made in their Letter of the 2nd instant, had been included in and carried through successive Annual Estimates ami Accounts, and had been from time to time appropriated in part to the current ordinary czpcnces oj the local Service. That a reference to tlie Financial Statements of New Brunswick from 1868 to 1870, both inclusive, will show how soon and how steadily that Surplus or Reserved Fund, dimin- ished. The Balances during this period were thus stated : — lOctober 81st, 1868, " 1869, - " " 1870, $213,073 09 - 113,040 49 82,064 96 These results of the financial operatims of the respective fiscal years referred to,— and to which only passing reference could be made in the Argument before the Privy Council,— proved, they contended, that the whole balance from the 1st day of July, 1867, to the close of the first financial year of New Brunswick under the new Constitution, did not reach in amount the original Provincial Surplus. Indeed, but for the incorporation of these sums, with the current accounts of the Province from time to time, the positive insufiieiency of the Terms provided for New Brunswick in the Act of Union, would have become immediately apparent to the public eye. And they intimated, it was quite possible, that in some quarters, where the true nature of the items of the Financial Statements was not fully understood, the injurious impression had been created, that New Brunswick not only enjoys suflicient for its Local Pur- poses, but also a Balance to its credit as the yearly result ; but Members of Ihe Privy Council must now apprehend how erroneous this view of the case really is. They argued also, that a portion of the sum referred to is included in the Financial Statement of the current fiscal year,S and that thef.nal instal- • B. N. A. Act 1867, § 92. fJourn. House of Assembly, 1871, p 90-1 12. t Journ. Legitlaturt, 1868, '69, 70, 71. § Joum. House of Atsemblf/, 1871, p. 108. » £ f e t I '"^-^mmmnaswifmems msmm 41 as mcnt of it is in fact the supposed '\Surplus- of %82,0Gi .%"• Hence, i chiimcfl, it must appear niiinifest, that the Government of Now Bninswick 00 fined to the Sulwi.lies and Grants of tlie Act of '07, is far more tlnin nn- ('q>ial to the absolute emergencies of tlie Public Service. But, tliev further argued, during this period the Annual Provincial Subsidy bas been paid to Now Brunswick m full, i.ocwithstanding, and while the Can'adian Government daims ns per tlie Public Accounts, that it has become indebted to the Dominion m the further mm of $575,29S*_on account whereof interest at r, per centum per annum will be charged against this Province and be deducted from our Subsidy under the terms of the B. N. A. Act.f The Undersigne, thnt ll to iiitcrpo.se, iis wdl )„ tin- inteiv.st ofJiii: t\ ,,,,IC,,.fl TT • . ^-l'"'"^' "•- "VII Ml UK- miflX't>l Of diis- l".So h..r, „» ,„ ll,c. m „i„„ IVoas,,,.,, ,., „.|,i..|, .Vow ]!n„„„.i,k ,o ''"""•''■'".' ''r ■'"'''''"''''"" '''^"•'"i'»i'i»t''''v,m.l,,,,ius,,,,i,H,,,.,,.!o |..r conW U,. U„,U.r,ig,K.l a.i,„i, „„. ,,,m, „, ,„o „,«o« ,„„k. ds.n.l.oro, ."■^ .... ui«i „„.„,ii„,. ,., „,„ ,,„„ „,■,,,„„„„,,, „„,„,, I ,,; , ; IH.l, «l,i,l, 1„, 1 rart,c:,lly n„l.„vc.n»l,„l tl,f New Uniiiswick Tr..„„,-v "l.|lo,ll,:,»„„nd,.,l tl.o T,v„s,„.ic.s „,-,:,„ ,„„.,■ .,ri,, Pro i„J, „ Z ^n,„„ „„. a. i ll„.l ,1,0 «o„o,,,l Exol,cc,„o,. will, . ,■■„„ .o «, , :^;;;::;::;:^w;i:;;';r>:!;t:J^1■■''"t;^^■l'■'■•s '••-«--«;- ., ,,,.,, . '^ ti T> • V ^''''^ obtmued communication with tlio o ' ;; ^;"'f/'-'^-^^l l.n- abolition of the Constitutional anonu.lie; o 1 ^ Si>- John A. MucDoHuld, Xova ycolia forrespondcncc t m Union o/ac Pro,: JJ. X A. ly n„n. Jo.eph CanCu.n, 18(i5, ;. l-SJi. I bince tliis Konort was Hi'ifti-- " 1.UV. no doubt vou .ill 1 u "a V '"', ' "'"""' '" "'"^^ '''''' ""'^''^^ -I""-' -^1 1 '• happv to loan. ,u t ,^ ;: , Ijr'''"^ '":'"' '^T'^r"' "'• ^'- P^^ic i^.nds. You .ill be ••yeai-in public wo,.^^rLwi«zrr"r r f '^^^ ""■■" ''"'"■™' '^"■•'"^ "- '-^ ^-"• '■publie in.,rudio,,-i; t Z^^^ "'""''°* '"f '"' '"' ''"l-"-^-i" "- develop.nent of ".>"n..ou.objeeu;bie,. U:^ Sril^'^r^ : "nf^ 1^ '^^"^^^ : "'^ ^"" "romain.acansiclerabloeumtotbec.™]i, ,>r the P.-....i.u.o " ^ Oovornraent, there still -shewing that the J^-ovinee of Q,nhditure" for Prn, ,. W ' . »+ H 4.3 undue pressure of the Act and is now conciliated and satisfied* -when merit ot i eace, Order and Protection,! and British Cohiinhia lias irai.iPd admission to the Union literally on it. own tornis,| and both 1 r fiifa i U a..rangements peculiarly liberal and advanta^^eous to them : N w Bru; k may. they argued, surely and confidently expect the co-operation ot^^.e sister Provinces to make it also and equally contented -mo or urtt-.! when to it must be attributed so largely' the' doptio!. of that S^tfm Jc^^^^^^^ federation which has thus so greatly and materiallv enriched a 7benefi"d contriDu e. 1 hat in fact, while bearing their full quota of the general exnon di ture o the Dominion for these objects, our own plople will h!v praS J paid w, h the.r own money involved in the Surplus in the DominiorExt i quer at least to a considerable extent, for any'concession v i h nfay be" made while at the same time if any Commercial advantages harlru'd to New Brunswick, they are necessarily and essentially of^that nature icli increase directly and indirectly the financial ability and prospe it" of the Donmno^ which proportionally co.ftribSte:! niuch " My preuecesBor, at the openine of the first Sp»«inn nf ti,;„ t • i . "labo. with re.enue« at you^disp'o.! Z^L^^X tt'i; rThatThT'"' ^ n '"" '*^'" ^'""^ "not only for the actual requirements of the Government W. T ^''^^V ? '""'^'' '"""^^ t^^mte, " improving country. The'opinion then so conitre ' Ll"'!; '" "'"''^ '^•' T"'' '' *^'» ™P>'% " virun