^:^% /^y IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) / ''/ ^A /!< o /^^ &»- &?/ 7. :/. 1.0 I.I '" IIIIIM - IIIIIM VJ. IIIIIM |||M IM 1.8 1.25 1.4 1.6 -4 6" — ► V] <^ /a Si. o / Photographic Sciences Corporation ^^ \ V \\ ^\^ ^>. tv 6^ % n? <> 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, NY. 14580 (716) 872-4503 r^^ CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions Institut canadien de microreproductions historiques 1980 Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes techniques et bibliographiques The Institute has attempted to obtain the b&3V original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibliographicp / unique, which may alter any of the images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming, are checked below. L'Institut a microfilmd le meilleur exemplaire qu'il lui a 6t6 possible de se procurer. 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The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol -^-(meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever applies. Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate th'i method: Les images suivantes ont 6t6 reproduces avec le plus grand soin, compte tenu de la condition et de la nettet6 de l'exemplaire fiimd, et en conformity avec les conditions du contrat de filmage. Les exemplaires originaux dont la couvertL SON. Kufvnd according to Act of Parliament, in the year one thousand "tg^it hundred and ninety-three, bj^ Mas. E. M. Jones, in the • throu<>h untold difiicultics, and proving each step as T went, by dearly boui>-ht experience I have at last attaineil a brilliant success, and I wa'it others to sliare it. 1 look at it iu this way ; The average cow of the country makes I5t> lbs. butter a year which sells at an average jirice of 20 cts. Indeed, 1 doubt if they do as well as this. My cows produce from 250 lbs. all the way to 500 lbs. butler a year, and sometimes liir more. All my butter sells at 35 cts. per lb. all tho 2 year round, rl.^l.t at my own place. T have no express or freight eharj^c. to pay, an.) I do not oven have to print it % l),t.ry l.a-s Ix-c-om. famotin all throuj^^h th. States and Canada, ^I^lui^VT 1-'"^ " ::' '"' ^'"'^^ ^'■'^"' ^'-'''^y Associations in f.' 'I [f ''!'''> '^ ^^'"'^^"i^^'ticut, Vermont, New York State and ^ .r.„d old Provnce of Quebec, all ur.in, n.e to come to their Da ry Conventions and lecture on Dairy cows and butter-makin.^ All these .Societies offer to pay my expenses, and most of (hem "offer a haudsoiue sum iii addition. While deeply sensible of the honor these gentlemen dome, and proud .ell you 01 It, I y.t ask you to believe that I mention it in no spirit of boast,n,-far from it, indeed 1 mention it only to cheer ou others, so thoy too may succeed and make money. i)o yoi: realfze what it means ? Let us consider it If we eould actually double the Dairy pr<,duct of our country, and so get a higher pncc then we now do, and if, to do this, we need no keep more, but fewer, cattle, at less cost for feed, for attendance and b..n room, would it not alter the whole aspect of Dairy matters in v^anaua f .Just think of it—of al! that it means to us ! VVhy, England pays annually thousands ••ind thousands of dollars to i.iKh and Danish farmers, every cent of which ought to go into the pockets of the farmers of Canada. go into the Let us change all this, and bring this trade to our own Dominion We must increase our product and inoi-ease „ur profits too And one groat way of making more profit i«, to follow the teachings of all our great Dairy Schools and Colleges. They continually Jl „« ^ Lessen the cost of production." How is this to be done V By .starving our cows ? Far from it But by keeping a better class of cows, feeding and carin, for them better, and using more skill and care in making our butter.' We thus 2^ '"' ''''^^'' '"''' '' '•'' '"""' '^"''' ''' ^'''''' '^' ««-^^ «f P'o- Do not think I advocate too high feeding, (or that is almost asgreat an error as starving your cattle. Feed generously, and of suitable material, but find out each cow's capacity and feed her up to the highest point at which she pays for the feed, and not one bit^ Jn my own herd, the usual grain ration for each animal in full milk varies from 7 to 10 lb«.. per cow, each day. This is composed of ground oats, ground peas, wheat-bran, and, occasionally, a very littlo oil meal. The ration is divided into two feeds, and given night and morning, upon the onsiiago. Should the silo be empty, the grain is always fed upon hay that, has bocn cut and moistened. The quantity of ensilage fed is 30 to 40 lbs. a day. At noon, my cattle get a very small feed of cut carrots or mangels, and any further supply of food required consists of bright, early cured long hay, put in thoir mangors. They get all the salt they need, all the water thoy want twice a day, and each cow is well carded and brushed over every day. Whenever weather permits, they are turned nut for a short time, about noon, but aro never left out till cold and tired. And the barns are thoroughly cleaned out, twice a day. With this feed and care, T have two year old heifers making from 12 to 14 lbs. butter a week, and mature cows making from 16 to 19 lbs. a week. To a very uncommon cow I feed a larger ration. My famous old " Massena " ate more than the quantity I have just mentioned, but what was her yield ? Being in her sixteenth year, when I tested her, she gave in 11 months and 9 days 8,290i4 lbs. milk, which churned 654 lbs. three- fourths oz. of magnificent butter, and then dropped a fine heifer calf. With her previous owner when she was younger she is credited with 900 lbs. butter in a year, and ner record is accepted by everyone. Some people say that this large butter yield wears a cow out. Well it has not worn "Massena" out, for .she is halo and hearty and as bright as a dollar, and due to calf again ne.Kf April, when 17 years old. . Some cows will respond far more rendily than others. In my little book lately printed, " Dairying for Profit," I have given a year's feeding of a cow I once owned. The ration was very large, but then she was an exceptional cow, and her yield was very large, so that she gave me an actual cash profit for butter alone of $49.70 in the year, over and above her keep. As you will see by reference to -my book, I made no charge against her for actual attendance or barn room. But on the other hand, I gave her no credit for the quantity of skim milk and butter milk, for the large pile of manure, and for the fine heifer ciir she save mv. So you will m,h) thufc the profit I mentio.i us, if iiiiytliiiii;, uniler-estinijited. It has boon said to ,uo this was an oxcoptional a.nn.al .,ul that low cows would respond to foodiii-,^ as slu; did. iV'oisely ; that Just hits +he nail on tho head. Now what we want to do is, to GF/r RW OV those poor cows that will not respond to feeding. Heefthoni, bm-y them, but do GET FIIO OF TH|i]M lor they -uv mortgaging your farn,, and uiakin- slaves of your wive.sand families and snikins- you deeper into debt every your they oxi.n. ' And (ill fh,. conntiy with cows that WILL KKSPOND to -ood toed.ng, that will pull you out of debt, and leave you a good balanee in the bank. J do notextt.l one breed above another, for oiroun.stances alter eases aud ,t IS lolly to d.sparatje one uoble breed of cattle just because yoJ happen tu prefer another. It i.s like the man who s.id there were only two sorts of dogs in the world, " the^o^ that he kept himself and the curs that everyone else kept." This is all wrong. We have many grand Dairy breeds to choose fron., so 1 will say to you most earnestly, choose the breed that suits you best, thou get the very best .udiv.duakof that breed, and give them the best of teed and care, and you will never regret it. Let me here say that anyone who tries eau do fiir better than I have done, because few have such difficulties to contend against The manof *reat wealth has the " sinews^ of war" with which to earry on his enterprise, and we all know what plenty of capital means m busmess. If united with brain* and perseverance it means assured success. The plain farmer, on the other hand, may not havethe capital, but he generally has a good larm out in the country, where land value is 4es8 and taxes are less, and he has comparatively little outlay for labor becau.so he himself, and all his family, work a. few hirelings will do ' But I live just on the edge of town, where the rent° of land i, .enormous and yet the kad itself i.^ rocky and poor, an-l I have to hir. all my labor. On the one hand, I have not the advantage of gettin.. the work done hko the farmer within oursaJvw; and, on the other hand t , t Htniting with very limited moans, T Imd not fcho ,ulvantai,'o of tho ctipital posHiustul by my wonlfcliicr friends. In fact, to us,, a liomoly .saying, I hav., hom all tho tinu> "botwmt tho (h'vil and tho doop so^i." Yet I have prov.id that a Canadian Dairy may bo mado « ...eat buHUM'ss, and a paying business, oven under adverse circumstantJaud with the very phvinest surroundings. Vou can all do lis well, and most of you can do better. It n.ak. nie heartsick to hoar tho.so of my own {jex wishing they could euro .some money, to soi; them peddling books and c.rsot.s working in ll.etorie.s, ur writing trashy uovols, for only onouing is one of the greatest scope and the highest importance, and is destined to work a revolution in farm life Make the bulk of )our butter in winter if you wish to average a larger quantity, a better price, and a higher profit, also better cows and more and better manure. You will also secure a more even distribution of your labor so it won't bo all a feast or a famine. Sometimes, for half the winter the toams are comparatively idle, and the men have time to sit around the village store. Now, I like their having a little leisure and sitting around the store, and exchanging ideas, but do not carry it too far. You can milk the cows and take the milk to the factory in winter and still have time for reading, recreation, and social intercourse The cow that calves in September will yield well all winter ; then when grass comes, it will send her along again for a while, and when she does fail, it will be in July and August, just when you ure heated and tired w.tli haying and harvest, and don't want to be bothered with her-just when the cow is tired and hot, and worrie.1 with flics anU .'Hly uants to " stand in the .hade and .wit^h her tail." and ju.t whe;, butter brinji., the lowest price in the whole year. I hold that the same cow is worth ten dollars more a year if she calves in September than if she calves in April. I earnestly hope you will still further use my book, because it is ^orth 8 while to havo labored for nearly half a ceofcury if, at the last, my life- long work be tl.us endorsed by the Govornment of my own country ; and because, when lectures are over and the Travelling Dairy has moved on, mybook?'oes right into tha farmers' houses and stays the.r^. to be a continual reminder of what they have been taught. Taught through the noble efforts of men whose one aim in life has been to raise the sJanding and better the position <>i' the agricultural community. Men who are indeed philanthropists iu the truest aud broadest souse of the word, men whoso names should be handed down to pnsterit\' in letters of gold. If I can supplement their efforts by my little book, 1 shall be a proud and happy woman. It has, at least, one merit— it is my actual life experience, so that many a poor soul on reading it takes heart of grace, and says : " She has actually done all this with her own hands; and if she has done it, we can do it too."