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FOSTER, "V » » • -**?ib.'* . •..# ^.^jaM^'Wik- ^i^ ■ikftl To the People of Nova Scotia — mNMCTHRESS, FABMERS, MECHANICS, OPERATIYES AM OTHERS who ^^''ere not present at the Manufacturers* Meeting, held in Argyle Hall, ON THURSDAY, SBTH jVIARCH, 1 1 » ( Feeling that those who were not present at the above meeting, either for want of timo or opportunity, both Manufacturers and others, whu take a deep interest in the advancement of our industries and the general welfare of our country, would naturally be anxious to get a correct report of the proceedings of said meeting ; and knowing at the sf«,me time if they rely upon some of our city papers which may fall into their hands, that in place of learning what t the duty of a Government to see that any industry which could be successfully prosecuted in any country for the benedt of that country, should receive all the aid and encouragement possible to render it, until it was in a position to compete with similar industries in other countries. He al- luded to the article of cement as being largely imported into this province, and stated he was now manufacturing a better article at about the same price as that imported. The same might be said of fire bricks and stove linings. The same might also be said of glass. But to be successful the infant man- ufactury would need protection until developed, and hence without it uo Capi- alist could be found willing to invest in any of these undertakings. Mr. Joiix Forhes, Mauacjer of Starr Manufacturing Co., said he maintain- ed that in a great measure the prosperity of this country depended upon the success of its manufacturers, as they were calculated to increase population and expand everj' branch of the various industries. He ridiculed the idea that because Adam Smith and other theorists of political eeonomy had convinced themselves that free trade was the grand panacea for the >7orlds ills ; that the practical facts of every day life should be ignored, and tVn) theories of these men accepted as gospel truths. He denied that protection in all cases increased the price of goods to the consu- mer, and showed that only one year ago the Iron Masters of England, seeing a scarcity in the United States market, supplied the demand and kept down prices. Competition would always protect the consumer. He showed the great benefits which protection had conferred on the iron trade of the United States, and averted that a similar policy followed out for us must produce a similar result. Mr. John' D. Nash said that he came to the meeting as a free trader, but perhaps not fully understanding what was meant by free trade, he would therefore like to hear what was to be said in favor of protection, and he cer- tainly would join whichever side would be likely to be of most benefit to the country. Mk. Mu.vt'iomerv said : I suppose it is intended that this meeting should take a practical turn, and this I intend shall be the character of my remarks on this occasion. A;i article in this morning's Chronide, which, tipon the whole, was dis- passionate in its statements, and its tone much improved as compared with some recent articles in the same paper, affords a very good basis for my address. The fig'.ires given by the Chrnnvlc are not correct, although the error was perhaps unintentional. It stated that the whole value of machinery imported into Xoca >'cof/rt in 1872 was only 8'2"2, 188. Copper and brass work for the same time 84831 ; and this is followed by the sweeping statement that "the whole quantity, if ordered here, would not have given an extra day's work to all the machinists in the Province. The figures of the Chronicle, as far as they went, were probably taken from the tiade returns for the fiscal year 8 ' ending in June, 1872 ; but Trhy that particular item should be taken toshow the exact truth in regard to the machinery imported annually into Nova Scotia I cannot say. This 1 do know — the statement is very far from being correct. I find, on taking the (quarterly returns at the Custom House in Halifax, the whole value of machinery imported for the calendar year of 187 .', was i?30,382 ; brass and copper work, ."$0,100 ; mowing machines, )?174H ; making in all i?45,040, against the Chron'wWs estimate of ."527,82!», for the valuj of machinery, brass and copper work imported into Nova Srotia in 1872. Let me here notice that the figures given by me are for the port of Jl(tlit\(,>i alone, whereas the morning paper states that the ."^27,020 was for the in'iole i'ro'-iace. This is a very great mistake, for I believe that the imports into Sydney, Pictou, and other ports where a lari^e portion of the machinery for ininint^ purposes would go direct, and not throjgh Halifax, would, especially for 1872 and 1873, nearly, if not quite, equal the imports at Halifax. Assuming this to be correct, the whole machinery, brass and copper work, together with mowing and reaping machines, which are not classed under the head of mach- inery in the trade returns imported into Nova Scotia in 1872 a;nounting to ■rOOjSSO. These figures so far as they relate to the Port of Halifax, are taken from the actual quarterly returns for 1872, and the documents are perfectly acc33sible to anyone wishing to examine them. I find further from the same documents, that the imports at Halifax for the calendar year 1873, of the Situ3 articles specided above, ainouated to ."$48,158, au increase over the pre- vious year of 83,118, and assuming as before that the same ratio of increase to olc place in the other parts of the Province, the whole imports for 1873 of the articles mentioned, would amount to .3'.HJ,310, and yet the Chronick makes the statement which, without investigation, would 1)3 received by many as correct, that the imports for one year are only about one quarter of that iiiiiouut. I think that it the actual facta ia regard to the business of the Province, and not mere conjecture, were laid candidly before the people, a ditt'erent state of things would be the result. I know that machiuery has tieen, and can ba made cheaper in Halifax, within the capacity of the luichine establishments now ia existence, than can be delivered here from any (quarter of the world. With the incidental protection of 15 per cent, ai " the cost of importation amounting to as much more, the machinists of Halifax have a protection of 30 per cent, which is all they want, or need. 1 believe a larger duty than 15 per cent would be an eventual injury, rather than a benefit as is the case in all industries developed under an unnatural stimulus. What machinists want is the general pro3;jerity of other trades, for what is the use of a machine shop without customers to give it employment ? There is no trade in a CDmmunity which can prospt^r without all others reaping the benefit of it in some degree. As an illus'raii m of this, I would again refer to the article in the Chronicle. A list of about forty-eight firms and individuals doing business in this city is given, who have signed the call for this meeting. 9 y- I 6nd on looking over the list, that I have, daring the past seven years, done more or less business with thirtj-six of these firms, and my transactions with them have been in proportion to tlie general prosperity of the city. [ will mention five of these business firms; H. O. Hill, McDonald »fc Co., Glordon & Keith, John Hunter, Samuel Brookfield. With these parties alone n)y transactions have amuunted to !$-^.H7f*, and yet my business in the cify has been very small in comparison with what it has been abroad, but this -a sufH- oiont to show how the prosperity of one kind of business is dependant upon another. And if all our industries are nourished into prosperity, then the free trader can have a market and r-onsumers for the goods ho impor and which cannot be made here as cheaply as elsewhere. In fact the question of absolute free tr*ide and a tarilt for protectii>D, are (luestions for practical discussion at the present time. No one thinks of ad- vocating an extention of the free list to any great extent, tor are there any advocates of a purely protective tariff. V'hat is net>'. ^ is a judicious aiiange- ment of duties within the legitimate wants of the i^jvernment for revi'ime, by which some articles may be imported free, otber.i at small, and the l)il;inco at the maximum rate of duty. In order to ser j this, the in lustrial interests need sympathy, and should de nana that persons of t.uat in the Goveninient should b° ; lalified for the positions they hold. The Dominion GovjuLiuent controls probably a larger amount of '.he mechanical work of the con li try in p; jortion to the whole, than any other country in Christendom, and if men directing this work do not assign it intelligently, the power thus held will be- come a curse rather than a benefit to the mechanical interests of the country. It may be the last time I shall address a Halifax audience, but 1 wouM coun- sel a dispassionate, yet peisistent discussion of this whole subject — ti!l the community are fully enlightened, as i believe tliis is all that is needed i. gain the ?ynip;ithy and co-operation which will alone dovelope the undoubted Laiur- al resources of the countiy. ^lu. ..luii.v MiCiLi,!.)! H 3F..id he wanted to know if we mariufacturcc iron upon a large scale, wiioro could w e get a m;irket for il ? For. hesaiijjthe greatcoat of smelting furnaces, with other attendant expenses, would lu too much aliQost to risk in the trial, and liliely to have only the Dominion t;-. large f'lr our customers. He did not think v,e could successfully com[;e:e will: the U:>ited States, therefore he feared the result would not be a success. One grt at (':a^back to our success he knew to be that we did not take enough pride i.i I'ur own work ; that almost without exertion to ei^ual or exci.;, we ctdM. to the United States their superiority. t H'i Said,, since the discovery of gold in Nova Scotia, jewelry of a very fit e ftseription and of every conceivable variety had been manufactured in this ci'v. One article in particular he rould name — Gold Chains. He made a lot ot these to suit all kinds of customers, but could not induce the people in the country to buy them, and it was either in England or the United States he 10 was obliged to find a market for them. He said he was in a jeweller's sh'^p ia New York, when a gentleman carae in and asked the price of a clock. He was told the price was 8100, and that it was English manufacture. Make one like it for me, — improve upon it if y lu can, — what will be the price ? ^400 was the answer. Do it, was the reply. That was the spirit of the people in the United Stares, and it was one of the greatest secrets of their success. He wished that we were actuated by the same laudable ambition. If we were he felt sure it would greatly tend to our ultimate benefit. Mr. Johx D. Nash here again addressed the meeting and said that from the statements made and the arguments used to sustain them, he believed pro- tection would be beneficial. He thought that Xova Scotia as a whole, and Halifax in particular^ wanted more enterprise, as well a.s a share of that lauda- ble amnition mentioned by Mr. McCuUoch, in order io give us some idea of our own importance. He said, one of the particular wants of Halifax at the present time was a few very respectable funerals, so that some of the old notion=i might die out with the antiquated mortals who held them and that their descendants, even with less experience, had more enterprise, and if not able by tliemselvss to carry on any of those various modes of trade or manu- fucture;^ 30 necessary to the development of a new country, with the capital left them, they could procure the services of those who would successfully carry on any business they might engage in. He considered that iron should be protected as well as other manufactures. As he was desirous for the pros- perity of the country, he was prepared to favor any movements tending towards that end. Mil. Georije Fuaser said that he repres<»nted the brewing interest and 'strongly recommended the home-brewed article as being fully as good, as wholesome, and much cheaper than the imported article, but not having so old a pedigree nor so high sounding a name, and thought the home manufac- ture harl particular claims to protection. Mi;. James Dempster said that he was proprietor of a Steam Factory for preparing and executing all kinds of wood work for building or other pur- poses. He said that he did not want protection for his own trade, but that many of the manufacturers of the country did. He stated that in the matter of heavy machinery, in his opinion , that of the United States was the l)est, and that we were not in a posstion at present to place a higher duty upon it. But no matter what duty was placed upon United States Machinery they should 1 )e had. Machinery in Ontario, he said, was much cheaper than ours. He instanced a steam engine brought from there for an establishment at Ber- wick, which cost 750 dollars less than if purchased here. The engine was 1 5-horse power. He thought that one great want here was that our young men had not opportunities enough to make them educated enough in the the- oretical, as well as the practical part of the business. He thought a school of design, or something of that kind would benefit them. I 11 Another evil he pointed at was the fact of boya here entering as ap- prentices, and after about twro years, or juit the time they are likely to be of any service, they run away, and without knowing the rudiments of their trade, go somewhere to get work, and are not willing to do the work of boys, and are unable to do the work of men, and therefore they scarcely ever arrive at any proficiency, in their business, If we want to compete with our neighbors, we must go about in earnest and train our young men better, bath practically and theoretically, and then (having the ability) we will not be behind in the race of progress. Mr. Montoomery said the Canadian machinery imported into Nova Scotia, at a cheap rate was not good. Several Ontario boilers had exploded lately, cheap machinery could not be good, and the fault lay most with those who purchased it, for they generally beat a man down in his price in such a way as that they must be foolish to expect a good article. For the length of time he had been in business he had been fortunate enough to escape all accidents in his establishment, and said that such a thing as an explosion was seldom heard of in Nova Scotia, in connection with home-made machineiy. Mr. Oxley, of the Oxford Woolen Mills, said that beside the Woollen mills he also represented an Axe and a Wooden ware Company. He wa«i in favor . f protection, because he knew of many industries, in the country that required it. He did not fear competition in the woollen line, bad that a protection was necessary in order to keep out spurious imitations, such as has been peddled through the country. Nova Scotia wanted more self-reliance, and above all wanted to give more encouragement to home manufa.tures. He tried hard sometime ago to introduce his Oxford cloth upon the Halifax market, and even tried to force sales at figures below the real price rather than go back without having accomplished anything, but he could not succeed. He said the reason he forced so hard was that he had confidence the yoods were what he represented them, and would give satisfaction. He said if these gouds had been made anywhere else, he had no doubt but that sales would be effected in this city. He left here and went to St. John, N.B., and the very first h( use he went to he was fortunate enough to effect a sale in, and from time to time afterwards, until at length, he said, in place of alnin.it Jteg'jiuj to etf'.'rf a mh; la my own country ichere the (joods wim inannfactiu'eil, I was successful eninigh to form an engagement with my New Brunswick customer, to buy all that we could produce. Besides he was instrumental ui having them brought to the notice of the English and American markets. And in the late Asihuntee war the officers were uniformed with product of the Oxford \\'oolen Mills of Nova Scotia. Mr. Ticker, of Southampton, Cumberland, said that he fully endorsed every sentiment that fell from Mr. < >xley. He was iu the Woolen Trade him- self, and knew from 'Experience how much the indifference of the people of this country toward home manufacture is felt, and said that our industries iu the country would require all the sympathy and protection that could be afforded them. I' 12 Mr. M. Walsh said that he was surprised that some of those large con- tractors of buildings, such as Mr. Brookfield, W. G. Wiswell, Johnston & Co. and others who were present, did not come forward and express their opinions upon this matter ; but any of these gentlemen, though having a much larger stake in the matter than he had, still he would say that they scarcely felt more interest in it than he did. For he believed that a tariflf giving a fair protection would be beneficial to this country, as tending towards increasing labor as well as population, besides keeping at home and employing our own people. He said that apart from the great facilities, the great energies, the great industries of the United States, there was something that made these all tend in the right direction, something that guided all these successfully and made them all tend to the public good. Now whatever tended to advance industries and energies in that way was exactly what we wanted. Whatever you call that. Call ic by the name of Protection if you like, but that is what we want. We can now show an experience of nearly forty years of a tariff so low- as almost tqrbarder on free trade, l^at we do not seem to advance as rapidly as we ought. Whilst within that time the United States has had wars beyond her own border as well as rebellion at home to contend against, notwithstand- ing all this her career is still onward, and this in the face of a tariff that to us seems exhorbitant. I would here state that History gives us no account of any nation that ever rose to eminence without protection. England herself is a proof of this for she never did away with her heavy protective tariffs, even on the neces- saries of life until in her manufactures she was able to bid defiance to the world's c (Uipetition. r>Ir. Dempster stated that Protection could scarcely effect him, but Mr. Walsh said iie conld tell him that within ii gnu sliot of his (Mr. Dempster's) factory there were houses being put up that the doors, sashes, frames and blinds were brought from Boston. Mr. Wa^s'i said he did not complain so much at the fact of these things* li-jing broiiglit here if they would be brought here at the Manufacturers priced and entered at the same. Mr. McCulInch that was one of the deputatio who presented a petition in favor of Protection the other day at Ottawa, said that one of Ihe greatest evils they had to complain of was that when United States' travellers come to Canada instead of making or asking a price of their own they ask for a Canadian price list and then offer the same descrip- tion of goods from 20 to oO per cent lower. At the same time the Canadian price list is 10 percent lower than the Amtrican price list in New York. Nf>w in running oft" their surplus stock on our market they hinder us from manufactiiting on account of their selling at such ruinous prices. Besides they enter these goods through our Custom Hoiise at the reduced rate they sell at, in place of at what their own price list shows. Mr. Cartwright asked k 13 if he Mr. McCuUoch had reference to any particular trade on the Hat. He said he had not, for they were all alike. He (Mr. W.) therefore considered that the 8truggUng industries of all new countries required protection. Again It was said that the poor man would have to suffer on account of high pri'ces and that wages would not be higher. I contend that the poor man will be benefited by it, for all that he consumes in eating or drinking, unless tea, is manufactured within the Dominion and therefore free of duty. Besides every kind of material for clothing is manufactured within the Dominion which he can get free of duty also. But if what is manufactured within the Dominion w not good enough, and that West of England Broad Cloth, Scotch Tweed, (which by the way is sometimes manufactured in Ontario) or Japanese Silk is wanted it is presumed that whoever requires them is not to be deterred by the addition of 10 per cent to the tariff. Home competition is the keenest of ^1 competitions and the people need not be afraid of any advance in prices. He said he had prepared a statistical table relative to the annual increase in the Lnited States from 1860 to 1873, but as it was getting late and other business to be done he would conclude by thanking those present for their attentive hearinor. Mr. H. H. Bligh said that although not a manufacturer, he felt an in- terest in the present movement towards protecting our industries, for as it, in his opinion, tended towards the general welfare of the country, it was the duty of all to give it their support. He was glad to see such unanimity pre- vaihng at the meeting, and that the different industries from all parts of the country were so fully represented. He felt sure therefore that the proposed resolution would pass unanimously. Mk. George Sanford (Marble Worker) considered that protection was necessary, but that he was opposed to sweeping changes. He thought that the manufacturing element of this country should be represented in Parlia- ment. He said we wanted some law here to protect us against the Canadi.iu l>ruQimers, who are overrunning the Country, in order that they miyht be placed on the same footing with Nova Scotians. Mr. \\. H. Tt'LLEv spoke hi support of the resolution, ;i5 he said that the protection of our trade w.uld be sure means to increase our population, to advance our iijdustries, and tend to general prosperity. _ Ali.kkman Ei.lis said that he had listened with great interest t.. the views of the different speakers, and said that th<,re was scarcely one word ut- tered that he did not fully endorse ; and fn.m the unanimity and earnestness which characterized the whole proceedings, he would take it as a guarantee of success. He represented the Bread and Biscuit Baking interest, and said that if in quantity we may be 1)eaten by outsiders, they could not I)eat us in quality m anything connected with the trade, he had the honor to represent That if properly protected wo had within ourselves all the elements of success. 14 Mr. Dimock thought we ought to have the royalty taken off iron ; but iie considered manufactures in general required incidental protection. Dr. W. H. Weeks said that in view of the large representation present from the country, a Manufacturers' Association should be organized at once. He therefore moved, seconded by John Starr, that a committee be appointed for that purpose. Carried unanimously. Messrs. Starr, Walsh, Symonds, Weeks and Dustan were appointed a committee to draw up a petition to the Dominion Parliament, to draft a constitution for a Manufacturers' Association, and such other matters as came within the object of th^ Resolution. Dr. W. H. Weeks was then called to the chair, and a vote of tharka passed to W. S. Symonds, Esq., for his able and satisfactory conduct whilst presiding at this meeting. Mr. Symonds made a suitable reply. The meeting then adjourned, to be called together again whenever the Committee are prepared to report. Ill concluding this report we commend the following remarks from the Brit ink Colonist of the 28th March, in reference to this meeting ; The meeting was harmonious, and the tone of the speakers evinced an earnest desire to co-operate in any measure which gave promise of contribut- ing to the general good. The business in hand was evidently practical. Theorising was tabooed. Such discussions and interchange of opinion amongst business men, on the realities of the day, must be mutually beneficial. It may evince great wisdom and research to parade before the public eye columns of other people's ideas and crochets on commercial and l)U8ine8s matters, served up in modern phraseology, to the injury of the reputation of the original promulgators, but, it seems to us it were infinitely more to the purpose, and better adapted to the spirit of the age to leave these ancient tlieories on trade for bookmen to doze over, and, following the example of our manufacturers, come at once to the practical issues before us. Our business relations with the outside world need reform, and common prudence prompts us to investigate the matter and seek a remedy. > I 'f ■ A