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'^1 
 
 •aLioii^ut, 
 
 AftCNIVES PUBLIQUI^ 
 OTTAWA, OUT. 
 
 IN DEFENCE OF THE QUEBEC MINORITY.:* 
 
 Huntinf^^loK, Q., 26 Foby., 1894-.. 
 
 To Hon. H. G. Joly: ry. 
 
 Sir, — On the evening, o^ the lOtli you addressetl 
 an audience in Toronto with the ohjecfc of disabus- 
 ing tlie minds of tlie- pC'ople of Ontario of the? 
 inipi-ession tliat the minority in Quebec have cause?? 
 for dissatisfaction. Y(»u- a<hTiitted tliat the minor- 
 ity are dissatisfied, but- you contended they liavo 
 no right to be dissatisfied, though you acknow- 
 ledged, in speaking as you did, you were running: 
 counter to the convictions of your most intimate 
 friends among them. Thus, at the outset, you pufc 
 yourself in the position of bearing witness againsfc 
 the Quebec minority and the burden of your ad- 
 dress is, that they are fairly and justly treated by 
 the majority, and, so far as lay in your power, you 
 represented them to the people of Ontario and of 
 the Dominion as grumblei-s without cause, whose 
 complaints are undeserving of consideration. Your 
 address is, in reality an accusation of the English- 
 speaking and Protestant minority of Quebec oi: 
 
 ♦Reprinted from The Gleaner of Mureh 1, 1804. 
 
 7 
 

 being guilty of bad faitli in pretending that they 
 have any cause for complaint as to their treatment 
 by the majority. You said you appeared in On- 
 tario as a witness against them to prove that. 
 Now, sir, the Quebec minority is not disposed to 
 rest quietly under your accusation, and, if the 
 •evidence you as a witness produced fails to sustain 
 your charge of being disjiffstied without cause you 
 have been guilty of misi*tpresenting them and of 
 unjustly holding them OP'to a representative On- 
 Yario audience of being "ptf J-enders and impostors. 
 
 You divide your evidieHee as a witness against 
 the Quebec minority und'fr Jhree heads — 1 political 
 influence, 2 education,* 3 security of property. 
 What you said under £fiVf first head may be dis- 
 vniissed, for you testify against yourself by ad- 
 anittinff "that the Enorlish.Rrotestant minority does 
 not get its full share of offices." That admission 
 you endeavor to tempcjr ^y contending that the 
 treasurer of the province has been generally a 
 ^Protestant. Considering that of the revenue the 
 itreasurer handles he collects two-thirds from the 
 iminority, that is a marvellous condescension on the 
 ipart of the majority. It was a grave omission, 
 ^hdt you did not tell your hearers that when you 
 w:ere premier you twice ignored the arrangement 
 ^'ou now praise. 
 
 Under the head of education you treated of La 
 Minerve's idea of toleration, of the P. P. A., of 
 tithes and fabrique taxejS. What the Quebec min- 
 
 //^^7/ 
 
ority has to do with either the Minerve or tlie P. 
 P. A. nobody can understand, for the views and 
 methods of both are alike repugnant to them. 
 Your defence of churcli <hies is a begging of tht> 
 question — namely, that it is a good way to raisci- 
 monej'' for the support of religion and which Pro- 
 testants might well copy. You must know the^ 
 opposition of the mino-ritj^ to the system of church 
 dues is not on tlie gromtds you put it. To impose 
 a tax en land to build' clnirch and parsonage and 
 another tax on grain to assist in ])aying the priest's; 
 salary may be, as you -allege, the fairest way im- 
 aginable. On that the minority express no opinion. 
 Their objection is not 'tc these dues in themselves,, 
 but to the power of tliC State being placed at the 
 service of the priests to collect those dues. In a- 
 self-ffovernincT country for the laws enacted and 
 their execution the pjople are accountable, and 
 surely it is an outrage on the consciences of Pro- 
 testants to make them parties to laws against; 
 which their sense of right revolts?. They urge no 
 objection to the habitant voluntarily paying citiie^ 
 and tax, but they emphatically object to the gov- 
 ernment enacting laws to compel the liabitant to- 
 pay. By the enactment an<l maintenance of such 
 laws by the legislature, the minority are made 
 parties to them, an<l, therefore, have an unques- 
 tioned right to express their opinion about them 
 and agitate for their repeal. That the habitant 
 should pay the demands of his churcli under the 
 
"threat of a writ issuin<^ af,Minst him in Queen 
 Victoria's name, is a monstrous abuse of the power 
 ■tjf the State wliich loyal men will continue to 
 protest against whiLi breath is spared them. 
 
 You told the Ontario people that "the riglit of 
 separate education" is -"acborded to the Quebec 
 minority an»l therefoi-e'^'tli^y have no cause to 
 complain. The .school-sj^t^m of Quebec is dis- 
 tinctly Catholic, sectarian' £♦') a deceive which none 
 of the separate .schools 'i^f the other provinces 
 iipproach — schools the \'CJ'^ essence and aim of 
 M'hose teaching is to maTie-'the scholars Catholics. 
 Yet because Protestants are not compelled to send 
 their children to schools wiiei'e they would be im- 
 il)ued with the doctrine .and ti'ained to take part 
 in the service of the chui/Jl of the majority, you, 
 Mr Joly, hold they havd j^aught to he dissatisfied 
 with! Is not the system. tit education in Quebec 
 n public system, is it not maintained by public 
 monvy collected from all its inhabitants irrespec- 
 tive of creed, and that being sn. why should the 
 money of the State be taken to teach the doc- 
 tiines of any church? It is the duty of all. govern- 
 ments to provide secular education : it is the right 
 of none to teach theology. 1 'o you not see that the 
 school system of Quebec is a glaring injustice and 
 i\ violation of all British constitutional principles? 
 Yet this system you accept as a matter of course, 
 "and tell an Ontario audience the Quebec minority 
 Lave no cause for dissatisfaction because they are 
 
 t 
 
t 
 
 permitted to have separate schools. This is in 
 keeping with your statement that the minority 
 "are allowed to enjoy their property in Quebec" 
 in security. You speak as if Quebec was a foreign 
 country and Protestants interlopers who ought 
 to be thankful for the smallest favors. Sir, the 
 province of Quebec is not an Austria or a Spain. 
 It is a British possession and its Englisli-speaking 
 inhabitants have no need to beg as favors from 
 the majority what is theirs by birthright. They 
 demand their privileges as British subjects as 
 matter of right and are under obligation to no 
 man for them. When you speak as if they ought 
 to be thankful the majority does not compel them 
 to send their children to schools where the doc- 
 trines and the ritual of the church of Rome are 
 made paramount, when you speak of tlieir having 
 cause for gratitude in being allowed to hold the 
 property they have earned, when you boast that 
 the majority do not interfere with the religion of 
 the Protestants of Quebec, you reveal how much 
 you have to learn of the British constitution and 
 of the dignity and scope of the rights that pertain 
 to every British subject. The Quebec miiiurity is 
 composed neither of cravens nor imbeciles. They 
 know what is their due as Britons, and, please 
 God, they will not lower the standard of the 
 measure of their rights or bend their l>aeks to the 
 despotism from which their fathers delivered them. 
 They are in no way beholden to the majority for 
 
the privilu<,a'.s you enninerato, and thoy point, as 
 a vi(,lati(jn of their riL^hts as British sul)jocts, to 
 the placinjr at the disposal of the liierarchy of the 
 machinery of (^ur courts to collect tlie taxes they 
 levy, to the suhsidizinj,^ at the genei'al expense of 
 their conventual institutions, to the enactinjj^ of 
 laws (giving them special powers over their mem- 
 bers, and to taking fiom the puhlic purse money 
 to maintain a system of sectarian scIkjoIs. How 
 do you reconcile your assertions ahout the liberal- 
 iiy, the justice, the entirely satisfactory nature of 
 the treatment of the minority in educational 
 matters, with the facts, which you must know% of 
 the assessments of Protestant shareholders in com- 
 mercial corporations and of Protestant farmers 
 where too few to maintain a school of their own, 
 going to the support of Catholic institutions? 
 
 You laid down as the object of your address the 
 establishing of the assertion that the Quebec min- 
 ority have no right to be dissatisfied w^ith their 
 position, and all you brougnt forward in the way 
 of proof was that the minority are allowed to hold 
 property, that with tivc or six exceptions the posi- 
 tion of provincial treasurer has been allotted to 
 an English-speaking member, that the religion of 
 the minority is not interfered with, that they are 
 even permitted to build churches, that they are 
 expressly exempted by statute from paying assess- 
 ments to the priests, that they are not forced to 
 send their children to Catliolic schools, that the 
 
 T 
 
 i. 
 
T 
 
 X 
 
 dv.grca of B.A. from a Protestant coll.'Lr.' (pinHHos 
 for u'lniission to tlie study of law and ni.'dicine 
 and, lastly, that C'atholics elected you to he a 
 member of the IeL,dslatur<', and suppoi-ted you as 
 premier. Analyze your address as rcpcjrted in the 
 Globe and you will find that is the sum and sub- 
 stance of all you advanced to show "rationally and 
 lojrically the minority havi; no i-ight to complain." 
 This very list is tlu; measure of coTidemnation of 
 the conduct of the majority, for wci-c the mnjority 
 not disposed, if they could, to be intolerant and 
 despotic would they claim it as a merit that Pro- 
 testants ai'e allowed by them in the province of 
 Quebec freedom of their reli^-ion. to hold property, 
 and are not compelled to send their children to bo 
 trained as Catholics/ In the sixteenth century 
 such an enumeration of benefits mi«;ht luive excited 
 admiration: to claim merit for the barest tolei-ation 
 excites only scornful derision at the thresboKl of 
 the nineteenth. The deeds f)f o()vernments and of 
 peoples are not now-a-days measured by medieval 
 standards, and to advance, as you did in your 
 address, that the Quebec majority are entitled to 
 the contidence and esteem of the people of Ontario 
 because they do not "persecute the minority" is 
 benighted praise. You stood before an audience 
 that included the premier of Ontario to prove that 
 the Quebec minority are without cause for the 
 dissatisfaction that prevails among them, and all 
 you adduced to establish your affirmation, w^as the 
 
8 
 
 ii(\i,''!iti\(' tvidciice tliiit the iiiajoi-ity docs not jxt- 
 st'cutc tliciii iliM'S not treat thrni us it has tlic 
 Oka Indians, 
 
 llr wlio luinLi's a scandalous cliarii'i' aifainst Ins 
 ncijL^'ldior and fails citln'i' to .sulistantiatc (ir rcti'act 
 it is guilty ot' lilnd. \nu lunr ludd up the minor- 
 ity of (^)u*difc to tin- scorn of tlif haninio:) as a 
 people dissatisii'' 1 without rhyme or reason, and 
 have failed to pi-ovi- your char^'e. \'ou know fnii 
 Well that the ])ett\' causes \-()U Went oNf]- liavo 
 little weii^ht in cieutiiiLT the dissatisfaction you 
 acknowledge, and as 1 do not thiidv it fair th(^ 
 ininoi'it\- he h ft in the I'iiiicui )us lii-ht \'ou ludd 
 them up in, of c»inij)lai!iini;' wit'N)Ut cause, of as- 
 sertinu' the\- ha\'e i'rie\aiu"«-s wdien thev have none, 
 let me su{>p!y the facts of whicli yon left your 
 hearer.'> in i^noi'.-ince. 
 
 'J'he L)u(d)ec miiioi'itv ai"e •Hs'-atisfitMl hecause the 
 govei'nment of ihe province has ceased to he con- 
 ducted on eon-titutional lines. A plain I'in'ht of 
 ('Vei"y I'ritisli suhject is, that he shall not he dis- 
 criminated aii-ainst hecause of his I'tdie'ious helief. 
 To confer e.\ceptio!ial pi'ivile<4'es on one church, is 
 etpiivalent to placini;- (sthei* church<'s under dis- 
 jihilities. Wlien the two political parties whicli 
 compose the majoi'ity have come to an under- 
 stand in l;-, that the State shall waive its jurisdiction 
 over educational and charitahle institutions and 
 hand them o\ei- to tlu; absolute control of the 
 hierarchy and supply the money retjuired, surely 
 
 X 
 
 the mint 
 system i 
 Take la.-^ 
 was intr 
 hoai'ils I 
 put, ha 
 for tlii 
 itself ini 
 educatioi 
 and init 
 of lieaiip 
 a ministt 
 the car<l 
 compKt ill 
 
 W hereVe)- 
 
 what la\' 
 (.^overnmt.' 
 its deci'ee: 
 State cin 
 while the 
 and pi'ott 
 concorilat 
 diction th 
 church, 
 with the t 
 by the cl 
 Quebec ai 
 to fade fri 
 of Montri 
 bill you a 
 
the iiiiiKirlt V ■•iiT iu>tiliiMl in drclariii^- tliat -urli ;i 
 .systfiii is c'f)iiti"aiy l<» l>iili>li j>n'C('(ltiit aii'l la>\'. 
 'I'.ikc last session as proof. When a t i-imip'-ty I'ill 
 was in(i"o(lu('c(1, ]ii'i'\ i<lin_;' l'"i- nn'ct !nu,-> nt' -.rhonl 
 l>oar<ls licini;' opm. was nou Air (|Ut'sti..n •_t,»\ dy 
 pal, lias till' consent oi' the liislioj)s lnM-n ultLainccl 
 I'oi- ilii- iiirasuiv^ A Uriti.^li legislature dei lariuLC 
 its<'ll" ineoin[)C't('nt to coii^i-ler any Mil atVeetnii,^ 
 education wliicli has nt)t I'et n iii-st sul»nntte<l to 
 and initialled l)y tlie hisliopsl When the pinrha-e 
 of J»eaiip<ii't asylum was lieij,^ considereih did not 
 a ministt r of t;>e ei'tiwt pi'Mihice ,. hitec Imni 
 the eardinid's coadjutor a> \n> authnrity f»'i' 
 completitiL;' tlie ha'^ain:' It .s undeniahle that 
 whe|-e\er t he interests of the CiiiU'ch f.\t( lid --and 
 \\hat la\-nian can lix th" limits our pi^.vineial 
 e'ovej'ninent is its hunihle ser\ant. the ratitier nf 
 its (K'Cives; that we ha\t all the di-;; wl arks of a 
 State church with none ^^i' its a lvania;;-cs, \'ni' 
 while the ^oNcnini.'iit is the pui-\cyor of the want.> 
 and [)rotector uf ll;e inteivsts of the chuich. no 
 concordat spi-cities the power or <ielines the .jur;.-- 
 diction the State shall ha,\e in ihe atKiirs of the 
 chui-ch. It is this hleiidin-- nf the eccle-ia^-tleal 
 with the teni])oi-al, t:hi> oserdiadowiuL;- of the State 
 hy the church, that.. c')n>tiLutes the d.ry rot in 
 Quebec and is causine- the l'rote-^tan^ population 
 to fade from e\ery pai't of it outside the inland of 
 of Montreal. In speakiiiL;' of the Je.suit otates 
 hill you allemd that the cry ai-ainst it was one of 
 
10 
 
 misapprehension arising from religious prejudice. 
 Sir, you know that for the Quebec minority the 
 naming of the Pope in the preamble created neither 
 apprehension nor indignation. What the minority 
 objected to in that bill was the very thing I here 
 dwell upon, namely, that before introducing the 
 bill the government, as is recited in the preamble, 
 asked and obtained the permission of the Pope, 
 and that the body of the bill provided that the 
 distribution of the $400,000 of public money it 
 voted should be left to the Pope. No man zealous 
 for constitutional government will recognize the 
 right of any foreign court to dictate what measures 
 shall be submitted to a British legislature or leave 
 to a foi-eign court the allocation of its public 
 monies. The undertone of your address is the 
 implication that the dissatisfaction that prevails 
 among the Quebec minority is due to religious 
 prejudice. It is one of the disadvantages i. der 
 which the Protestant labors in contendinir ao-ainst 
 the ecclesiastico-political system that dominates 
 Quebec, that his motive is ascribed to his theologi- 
 cal opinions. That zeal for constitutional rule, an 
 ardent desire for a government uncontrolled and 
 unaffected by any church, should be our motive, 
 you seem to be no more willing to concede than 
 the most bigoted Castor. 
 
 Lastly, the minority are dissatisfied because they 
 see a movement among the majority to establisli 
 Quebec as an autonomous and independent pro- 
 
 f 
 
 ■^ 
 
11 
 
 vince. For nine years they heave watched an 
 organized effort to that end and only last summer 
 they saw th'^ gentleman who acted as your solicitor 
 general make a tour in the United States in fur- 
 therance of the scheme, to sever the link that 
 binds the province of Quebec to the British crown. 
 The clearest proof of the growth of this idea of 
 independence, of the wide and deeply rooted char- 
 acter of their cherished hope that the day is 
 approaching when Quebec shall cease to be a Brit- 
 ish dependency, we find in two men like yourself 
 and Mr Laurier deeming it politic not to repudiate 
 the leader who is plotting to bring it about. 
 
 You have placed the Quebec minority in the 
 contemptible position of complaining without 
 cause, of being dissatisfied without right, and 
 your doing so has been termed a message of peace, 
 on the principle, I presume, that it endeavors 
 to justify the majority and condemns the minor- 
 ity. It is not the first time the weak have had 
 to shoulder the blame that pertains to the strong; 
 the sufferer to bear the odium that should follow 
 his oppressor. You are chivalrous, you are candid, 
 you are open to conviction. On reconsidering the 
 subject, will you not undo the wrong you have 
 done the Quebec minority by telling the people 
 of the Dominion that you spoke at Toronto under 
 misapprehension, that the English-speaking people 
 of Quebec have good reason to be dissatisfied be- 
 cause the government of their province is largely 
 
rr^n^fSKsa^sssm 
 
 12 
 
 unconstitutional and because they are opposed to 
 the movement fostered among the majority to 
 sever British connection? If loyal upholding of 
 the British crown and constitution be a crime in 
 this province of Quebec, then are the minority 
 guilty. But you do not think so, you are a loyal 
 and a just man, and being so I appeal to you to 
 undo the wrong you have done that minority to 
 which I belong. 
 
 Yours respectfully, 
 
 RoBT. Sellar.