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MiOtOCOPY RESOlUTtOH TEST CHART 
 
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 A APPLIED IM/1GE Inc 
 
 ^Sr 165^ East MoiH St'ee' 
 
 g'.J RocfiPSter. New Tork 14609 USA 
 
 "-^S (716} 482 - 0300 - Phone 
 
 ^^ (716) 288 - 5989 - Fa>. 
 
ADDR.ESS 
 
 DEUVCRCO BY 
 
 Mr. Francis H. Clergvie 
 
 A.t th« CoinplimentA.ry Ba.nquet 
 tendered him by the citizens of 
 SAVLT STE. MARIE. MICH.. 
 SLt Hotel Iroquois. ^ ThursdoLy 
 evening. Februairy 2Ist. 1901. 
 
 "WP' 
 
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1 
 
 A D D R. E SS 
 
 DELIVERED BY 
 
 Mr. Francis H. Clergvie 
 
 at the Coinplimentarv Banquet 
 tendered him tv tKe citizens of 
 
 Sault Ste. Marie. Michigan. 
 
 Bit Hotel Iroquois, -« Th\jr.sda.v 
 evenlnit. FebruBkrv 21st, 1901. 
 
 i-£ v>5 rtc'otta 
 
 9ipmMvam 
 
B. Q. R. 
 HO.SZ-L. 
 
 ,v«^,i£ L*s^^asr mar 
 
Address Delivered by Mr. Francis H. Clerfue. 
 
 .Mr.( liainn;,.,;,n,lt;.ntl.nu-M: .' . .-M^.t v.-t ft.l- 
 l\rc.,,v,.n-.|ln.in th.-.rf.-.ts,,l., uarn.l„.,n.-,-,,„,in.. 
 n'-l'li/.n whirl. I r.r. ,v.l;,l tl., ■:,.„,.,.„„, |,;n„|s,,7 
 th.-,,i,/,.ns of Sa.ilt Mr. .\h,n.-. Ontari... Tlnir 
 «>'> HiMasti.- pla.Mlits an.l (iair.riny < o,n,,liM„-„t^ 
 Mill k.-r,, „!<• auakr Mmhts. |.,„ L.-nrath th.llnu ,,J- 
 "'••"• .■]..., u.nt I'n.is,..|,|,s<ovcn..laM.in,N-r-,-..n-r.n 
 <'f«<..nhlaint an.l npn.a.h. In la. t in th.-.as, of 
 som.-o ,nv (Ios<-r a.(,.,ain.a,uvs i, uas .ai.l. ui,h 
 no (tfo t at (..mvalm.nt, tliat I was in ..n,- ns,„.. t 
 nnwoitliy ol < iti/rnsliip at Sa.ilt St.-. .Mari.' 1 
 was an.l to., lon^. ha.l r.niain.-.l a sii.^rl,. man. jor 
 too lonu I ha„ l...,.n a,,,,ar.-ntlv ol.li- io„s t.. ihosr 
 < harms an.l .l.-h^^ ,^ affor.h.l onlv ov th.-so,i,.,v 
 <. th, .r,.ntNr s.;.x .,1, h forn, ih.-.rM.- ,».•„.,■ ui 
 '• •■' ^•■•»-' <•»«;<) llerlhoMn,lt...„nh,l,invou 
 'l"->n..tiv.-suhi.h nave won (or m.- thisunhannv 
 m.utatH.n. s,n.-,- I shall lu- „., mu.h .listn-ss,'/ if 
 mvf.-;«-n.isin .Sanlt.si-. .Mari.-. Mi.hi-an u.-n- ,.. 
 ...M h.MrcTm.-,smst.,thos.. of th.-ir .oMfn-n-s on 
 h-Cana.hans,.,-. I ...nfcss n.nv. I am an.l havr 
 or N.n,, uh,l.i„.,.n.,nIove. .My - on.lition in this 
 •s H-.t s .Mnl.arrassHi;,. (or 1 am an.l hav.- l,..,.n in 
 ine-u,thtw., ,lams.-ls. The- charms of th.-s.. Ia 
 
 ;''mp ••.M..n ,n statnr.-, in phNsi.al an.l int.ll...t- 
 '.'I attnl.ut.-s ,h,-v s,-..m e-quallv .harming. Wlu-n 
 
 am ...j.-vn^ th.- so..i.ry of ..n.- 1 an7..,n„'n 
 '" ''"■ <•"",, anMmship .,f th.- oth.-r 1 am ' appv 
 
 m 
 
 5r>«9^ 
 
 <J*-r*:^5^^<fvfe-^M 
 
— 2— 
 "llou happv l<(.uM hv with rUhrr. W rir t otllM 
 ,i„H. 1 slu.ul.l hav<- 1.1 ail tlfort t.. k<-< P a uil. .<h"; 
 
 naturt'd 
 
 ■|h,-'a\vkxvai(ln<-ss ..I" mv i.rr.li.amfnt 
 is ^rratlv uurras.-l from th. far, that ' ^-' . ;-;;;^ 
 1„. 11- tin- same name llu> sur.-t an<l sol, In -''"'am 
 ;; , f -Soo.- noes not ,h.s c,.nl.-s.>..> -xn, • 
 
 J m,,-.thv' 1 U-r\ .•.•riai,i that on this oca- 
 \()Ui s\ m laun ■ i m > ■ . ..fi-- 
 
 sion no ui.kin.l ,-.-t.'nnrc will 1k' nuuh- to mv \n ^ 
 
 soiial misfortniu-s. j.-.l-n-cd to 
 
 An cnthusiasti.- n„/rn ol vou,' toun ' '" 
 m. UuV^^ that at las, Sauh St,-. M.'- . \' ' , " ' 
 itsrlf in a fo,-mat,vf o.n.l.t,..,.. an-l '^",^'^^1 ' ,, 
 ,.|Tor,s ..f riti/rns as m.liM' uals as a '•<• >;^;^^^^ 
 
 shuK-an.l formof an imi.oftan, mr,n.i.o is Mis 
 a -s i t . <; was inrxacf.the ^^eo-^rraphical do, n,.o. 
 hi 1 (■ pn-s.-nt town an.l romin- mH,-o,.ohs oi 
 Sa:n,Su^Man.Ms located has U..n.n a torm^ 
 
 r.>ndi,ion for many mil u,ns «>'. > ',' '• ;. /f ,J , 
 .n-ess it has made in ^^^'M-nv.^ -tse t into m 
 :;.M,intemiptions.andhasn.n,.MKM,s .M m 
 
 fo,-m and continnons. bnt the '■^^'-; V ' ' ''^, ,, ,.', 
 
 ,.i,v uhose fonndations von may ''^^'^ >'/",,„. 
 
 ■l„ hvin- dates mueh fm-thei- baek than th. 
 
 nVur When this ulol.e xvhieh we n- 
 
 i;St^ rof.utm:an,e.huin.notoniylu^ 
 
 X ;.on.;^n-atuin' of ,1k pn.en, surfaee .>i the 
 
 ■^^ss 
 
 ^BM? 
 
 wM 
 
fA:_v 
 
 ^ilolx'. wh.Tcon we (in, I hjnh m..iiiitaiiis aii-l d'ci, 
 M-;.s lon-ny.Ts ;m.l l.n.a.l Iak.->. ( ),h.\ ,„i„,| ,|- 
 .11 all (■ontn.ll.<| |,y li„m;m rcasoiiin^r. ,;,i)ii(.i ,-,,ii- 
 <<;ivr that tli,.t<.|,..-ra|.lnVal|-.-ainns..C the sin-rac- 
 <'l the ^r|,,l.,. ,,,.,-.• <l,„- t<. am ini<-lli-rnt Inn ,•, Ju.t 
 tlK' l.liii.l a.t,..n of tl„- lau ,,f ^Maviialion Ion.,! 
 ■iK.iintains iin,,il,r air an. I (l.-|.rc»,-,| vallr\s !„- 
 ncatii th.- s,.a. s,, ,ii.„ ,,i„.„ ,,,,„ ^.,.,._,^, ^,,^,^^_^^ .__ 
 
 tlit-carlii s surtacc. wliich we now call 1 ak.' Sin.- 
 
 «ri(,|-, ua> fillrd with ual.T hv the ranis ,,f hcav.n 
 
 tmtil oxcrllouMiLr, an outl.-t was l'.,,.t,,| |i,-st ,,\,.r 
 
 • xjiiois and 
 lind its nhi- 
 
 the lanions l,<a\<r dam l)(t\\(cn ( "a|ic li 
 (•ros Cap, l)nt w hicli liiustiiit: awa\ to 
 inatr and iH-rniancnt check and barri.'rc. tit hcnldrVil 
 sandstone nd^r,. ,,C Sa.ih Sf. Marie; it uas in that 
 distant perK.d that Sanh Ste. Marie starle,! ,,1,011 
 Its lonnation as a -ratherin- place of mankind, 
 •icstined, we may hope, to i.ecom.- the |,la<<- o| 
 happy residence and iisernl o<c„pation lor hmid- 
 rt'ds ol thousands of peoph-. I den\ that il is sol,- 
 l\ due to any ol our citi/ens, how.ver in.histrioiis 
 pro},n-essive or ima^rinative, tliat Sauh Ste Marie 
 IS l.ecomin^r a pop,ilo„s ,it\ ; the justification for a 
 «i«jar (ity at this p,„„t consists lirst in its own plus- 
 I'-al situation, and seen,! in tiie nature of th.- 
 
 r.' 
 
 ^Mon snrr..iiii.l,n^r {,. Mankin.l has h..-n .hstin- 
 uished tr,,ni otli.-r forms of \](r l.ecaus.- of tlTe 
 supei-L.r de>rree to which his int.'lliycnce an. I r.-a- 
 somn^r po.vers hav a.l\an.-.-,| llios.' repr.-senta- 
 iv.s of th<- luiman ra.-,.. u ho l,v ac. i.lent or .lesi.ni 
 lave I.ecome resi.h'iits of Saidt' St.' Ma 
 Ik- uii.ler theav.'ra;.re of tlieir 
 and a. mil. Ml if 
 th( 
 
 arie, 
 
 tlKV I'aih'd 
 
 uoiihl 
 race in peispi. a(it\ 
 
 I.,.. ,.v,.. , ■ '" ^"■'' '"'•' api,reciate 
 
 jilt .-x laor.l.nary ad\ anta-.-s .-xistin^r 1,,.,-,. await- 
 
 ni^^onlv.ntelhp.nt human .lire.t,.,n to make this 
 spotaprolitai,,. al.i.lin^ plac- for a h,,-, ,,„„„,,. 
 J,Mtlon ol people. 
 
 I am, as >,),, oI,s.m-\c, appioachm 
 'iur-th,n, and uhil.- i ^ive vo„ f,. 
 
 ^ii til.- p.-ison,,l 
 cr.-.lit for til.- 
 
— 4— 
 
 c.iirao-c and intt-ll.-.tual fom- uliicH inspires all 
 uioiu-.Ts in sfckin^' to lu'ttt-r llu'ir conditK.n I 
 must savthat von and 1 wouM ..nlv have ranked in 
 the eate^n)rv of indolents it. eonini^r lure, w.- had 
 failed or ne-leeted to have ai)i.rcnated onr o|.i.or- 
 Iiniities, and to have devoted our mtelli^a'nees to 
 their ntniost development. This lourt.M.i.s and 
 cordial ^n-eetin^r which von otfer me alter mv re- 
 turn from an unusual indul-^ence is most sincerelv 
 ai)preciatcd. hut 1 disclaim personal vanity and 
 must refuse to accept your con^rratulations as evi- 
 dence of an e.xtraurdinarv or unusual ai)i)lKationo 
 human endeavor. 1 should have been stu|.id and 
 less than ordinarilv intelli«ient, if. seeking an o).- 
 portunitv to invest nionev in hvdraulic develop- 
 uient. 1 had known of Savilt Ste. Marie and ignored 
 if if. in develoi)injj; thiswater power. 1 had l)een 
 Mind to the most useful materials existm^^ in jux- 
 taposition thereto; if. needing' those materials 1 
 had failed to provide the necessary means ol trans- 
 portation therefor to the site of our water wheels. 
 Ami vouwho have been my associates aiid co-i)art- 
 nei-s in ori^nnatiiv^ and carrvin«r lorwari these de- 
 velopments which now promise so much, have to 
 the extent and in the manner ref]uire<l oi you con- 
 tril.ute<l equallv. each his share. It has been our 
 consolidated effort which has brou^dit about thes.- 
 results, and the only individuals who are entitled 
 to vour compliments and ^n-atitude tor the realiza- 
 ti.m of vour ho|)es are those intelligent, cout- 
 aueous and pro^n-essive people in the ( itv ot l^roth- 
 Iv Love, who have had that confidence m you an( 
 in me and in Sault Ste. Marie' which has secure, 
 the vast sums necessary to ai)i)ly to these natuial 
 advanta-es those artificial facilities necessar> lor 
 their enjovnient. Phihulelphia. my friends, has 
 from the (lavs of William I'enn borne a rei.utation 
 which mi^ht be called the rev.-rse ot pro^rressive; 
 but my observation of the attnluitr> ot that com- 
 
 "-" ■■" runsi' M- >■ ^mt' w 
 
V 
 
 \ 
 
 
 4 
 
 —5— 
 
 £::;A;,:;:\^:t;\-!Us..r'v,;:/s::;--'- 
 
 I u. ,..-rha,,s. Ik- a r„mf„r, ,<, von. ■ if I .-x- 
 
 '^>i:;p;:;:r;l;r;;:;;:.;s;-!r;,,-:,.;;;;;;:: 
 
 vanre „t vonr co.nmunitv. J-,,,- v. i m ,1 1 
 
 i r PI 
 
 •M..<-ari:;\t;o;nii ;S^,'^;;;,:^'':-■f-'••--'<- 
 <>ail\ ..|.,M.,u,'s il •"•■'^ wli-M- visitors' list 
 laps,- i r; '• ^^''' .\"H'''- an nn,„mf,.rtal.I.- n- 
 
 "'ons uliirh I \,.in '■ "'l'*'"" ''"■^'■'onstni,- 
 
 tiniioiis operation -.nJ tK i ' ■ * '"' '" *'""- 
 
 '■-■^^i«'"v • \ -u f-i'^-'^fll*' Porkrts of other 
 
 - 'in- sm,>ke ol the f„rnar,: ami the 
 
 ''•'LTloils 
 
 V, !i<)-f 
 
 L;ales th 
 
 »■»■ i^»WKvaw 
 
6— 
 
 roMM.ar7.asalT.>nlin^^as,u>rc;ruflu.l.honl o.mc^^^^ 
 kiiul It" well situatf.l with its raw niatcnals t xi-t 
 in.^ in its lu-i-hlu.i-hoo.l. its t.iiish<-.l i,n..lu.ts nrcr 
 
 tln-cthe-r man fur that staiuh.r.l ot x aUu 
 
 ,-,,„„ oiu- of happiiu-ss and enjoynu-nt to on i 
 .lisappointnunt and (l<-,.n-ssH,n. .^">' ' 'I;' • 
 how'n.HTssary it is that no int.iTuption -^'^ ; 
 ,ur in .h(' operation of a nianii actnn \;^^^]^ 
 are close-d for onlv ouv reason thr woil.l on( .. a 
 
 hat is iK-caus. it" is found th. factory rannot 
 a profit for the owners thereof. But sine, he 
 
 u-t tic d wants of mankind have- herome. with the- 
 ; eofeivihzationsovarions.it cannot occur 
 
 times in others; there- are .r,„„l times 
 
 same 
 
 inchistr\- in sc 
 
 „ne parts of the ^dol.e and l.ad tim.;s 
 The extreme tluetiiations ot this 
 
 the e.xtremes of hi^d. an.Uow priees aie c m n^^ 
 u-arer to-c-ther. However, it does hai.pc-n that 
 h tiu- swinuinu of this tide those factories so lo- 
 
\ 
 
 s 
 
 — 7— 
 
 caK'd as to n-(|iiin- a i,n-catcr <-xp( ii.litm-,. r,,r raw 
 materia, s or lor pow.-r thai) ..ihcr coiiiix-iitor-, 
 iniiM clos,-, and until a return of the tide of Im- 
 maii i-e(imreme,)ts will reward th.- owners .f the 
 tactory it must remain closed to the deirim.-nt 
 and perhaps distress, o( the coniinuiiitN in which 
 It IS lo(^at<<l. I he constantK (liininishiii;r i.n.lits 
 enjoyed l)V manntacturers. due. as e.xplaine.i. to ih,. 
 tact that th<- prodiuts of a well located lactor\ can 
 Jimckiv an.l cheaply .•nter th.- terrilor\ of a p<.orl\ 
 located factory, has prompted sa^^ai ions huvine^s 
 men to study with closest scrutinv the (|uestion of 
 resources before inv.-Min- in a inanufa( t urin-r 
 plant. Such a study was maije of .Sault St--. Marie 
 l>y the I'hiladelphians whose mone\ is now l.ein.. 
 t'X|)ende,| in your mi.lst; and the conclusions they 
 arriyed at are evidenced l.y their expendiiures 
 here. ' 
 
 it will interest \tn\ to know Iiow canfulU th-se 
 ronditions were inyesti^^ated. I he for,-,- " npr.- 
 sented l.y the ..y.-rllow of Lake .Superior at .s'uill 
 Ste. .Mane was the lirst excitin<r cause j he p, r- 
 maneiuy ol that oyerllow is as certain as the rains 
 from heayen. [ h.- purity of the ov <M-llowin.r water 
 ylumical analysis i)royed to he hey.nd ...mpaiv 
 lor ail manutacturin-r uses; the cost "of its develop. 
 ment en-ineerin^r study pn.y.-d to he per hors.- 
 power lower than any other waf^r powr of nia- 
 'I'tiide known to exist. "Ihe laciliti<-s for hrinoii^r 
 to his point the r<'(,uisite raw materials for mamP 
 la.ture w.t<> [ound to he aintost unparalleled. 
 More than a million square miles to C unlh west 
 and east of a vir{r,n region possessin, rests, yal- 
 uable ores and fertile soil were mad^ ...rectly Vri- 
 
 v^\TJn\Y ^?' '^r"" t'-anscontinental lines of rail- 
 uay and by the free ocean of Lake Superior, only 
 one new artery northward was necessary to lay tri- 
 bute an additional area of vast extent, and this 
 artery, as you are aware, is now bejn- formed by 
 
tliese same people. To the south nnd east the 
 centre of wealtli ami population of the United 
 States, bordering the lakes Michigan, Huron 
 and Erie with all of their stores of material, by 
 means of economical water transportation were 
 found to be as near the l-'ails of the river St. Mary 
 as any railway point within r hundred miles. 
 These same advantages of transportation evidently 
 would permit an equal advantageous distribution 
 of manufactured products, while the remotest parts 
 of the earth, thanks to the wise expenditures of 
 public moneys by the goverments of the United 
 States and Canada, can send their ships to load 
 cargoes at the mill doors of Sault Ste. Marie. 
 
 As this is a confidental discussion, where all par- 
 ticipants are mutually interested, 1 shall not con- 
 ceal from you, while showing you the many ad- 
 vantages plainly existing in favor of a manufactur- 
 er at this point — I must not conceal from you cer- 
 tain disadvantages which appear. The question of 
 hydraulic development at the Falls of St. Mary in- 
 volved some unusual considerations. One was the 
 fact that the boundaries of a foreign country came 
 in contact with the same waterfall and that its 
 possession therefore was bound to be equally en- 
 joyed by the people of different political com- 
 munities. 
 
 Therefore of necessity our investigations ex- 
 tended into the domains of the British Crown. 
 The physi' al and material possessions of that 
 region wcic comparatively well known, b t the 
 political, economic and social characteristics of the 
 Canadian people were unknown to us. The 
 abundant opportunities afforded within the limits 
 of the United States for the exercise of American 
 industry had left no inducement for the invest- 
 ment of American capital abroad. In our own case 
 it was evident that disregarding the tariff wall 
 between the two countries the Canadian power for 
 
 ..-,>'';-lii* 7t;ii^^'«\i-." 
 
 
 5!P 
 
 .vz^s'^sij' ;' - v'- ,jm,:- 
 
 fW 
 
 B 
 
l>roceedecJ. A Canadian once da me for' h7 
 countrymen that they were the n osT r L 
 example of the DarvJinian theory, tha i a 'stH^lf 
 mg instance of the survival of the it?es^' ancJ m J 
 
 portions of the United States Conv in '"^,^"'«^"' 
 
 taneou.ly. on'^Iarg "sfenT '^nT'^^'"^ ^-"'■ 
 operation nearly at the same u""""^' '"'° 
 
 the extraordinary variSra J"^ ' ^^""f« of 
 naturalresourcesofthatnirf.fr ''.^''"^ "^^ ^^e 
 to our works, the n mer'^als '^^^^"^^^^^"tiguous 
 awaiting the appFication nf u ^^^'^trng and 
 
 mechanial apices fo? thei?'"^-.'""''-^-^' ^"'' 
 greater in number and extent thTn "V''^^^'"." ^'"e 
 sources of that oart nf M; T '^".- ^K "ative re- 
 to Saul Sre Marie and it Sf " ^T^'^ ^^'^"^^--y 
 practicable for us to l^riuv u ^^' j'^^'-^'ore been 
 works of a variety and kin f'' «" ^^e Canadian side 
 variety and kind not to be undertaken 
 
 l4' 
 
 vm<::MiS3^>^^-: t"iM^^:^sr^m 
 
—10— 
 
 prot.tahlv on the American side becaus.- of the 
 artih.ial restrictions of the Ameruan tar.tt. Uur 
 American works are. as you see. ^^^^^^V^^^^, 
 str.cteci in respect to the use t- wh ch ht can l.e 
 put and this is a material disadvanta^re uh.th 
 slK.ul' not conceal from you our copartners, 
 is a condition vvhicli may be improved, and m t r 
 mirovement of which 1 soHcit your intelh-ent and 
 h^ar co-operation Not only ot yourselves as 
 citueLof Sault Ste Marie, and therefore direct 
 Iv interested in the success of these works, .u 1 
 ask th^ CO operation of all tht inhabitants o he 
 state of Michigan and all the mhab.tan ts o h^ 
 other states bounding the Dominion of Canada. 
 
 .not misunderstan<l me; l.am n''^-^-' ."^'X". 
 mence an abuse of the American system of protec 
 S ont"ie contary I will at once renew my pledge 
 of ancien afleKnance to the policy to which 1 was 
 bo?nan from which neither in principle nor in 
 o?actice have 1 ever strayed. I am a protectionist 
 SoMor revenue only but for the encouragement of 
 new industries as well, but lam a 1^"^^^.^^ »^^f ^"^ 
 protectionist, and this assertion means that 1 am 
 not so blinded by a set theory as to fa 1 to "^'^'*';> 
 it wherever the principles of -^0""^ . "^f^^^" ^,^^ 
 soecial circumstances justify an exception to the 
 !rS?al rule . An ideal condition in art and in in- 
 ^renerai riu . perfect workman should 
 
 wo^k'arany r^d '; that a'ucotton should be spun 
 on the plan'taJion-.'that all corn whiskey shou U be 
 niade in Kentucky: that all lumber -^jf^J^. 
 manufactured into its iinal form -^ h*^ ^^X\^ 
 that the inhabitants of each clime should c nhne 
 their efforts to the products most J^ ,,roducts 
 climiU' and that free interchanire of the products 
 cX different communities of the ^v"rld should 
 
 ex s twkhout hindrance ^V ^l-^''^'^^' ^^'e snTer 
 of political frontiers. 1 hen would the «>""^^^ 
 be free from the dangers of Connecticut cabbage 
 
 4« ». 
 
—11— 
 
 leaf and enjoy the solace of Havana ci.rars at tw,. 
 
 lltL^r'T' ^''^" ^-'^^^'l^' ^--i ^k'" coats burnh • 
 others than m. hona.res; then would the countr es 
 by na ure depr.ve.l of coal and ,ron .>rej.e pr u 1- 
 
 soiirceful. Such an industrial millenium would 1„. 
 confessed as des.rable hy any sensible proiecm 
 but when any political division of the '"mh -' 
 
 ;^h "rt "and' nfir "'''^'■" "^ ••^•" '--!-'- ^ ' 
 me arts ai^U a I the sciences and to become omni- 
 potent withm Itself, that country will "i" -ly . 
 
 SiHc.V'^' '"^'"'•^^'''^' "Pf^"---'" of tho'e'oher 
 political communities which while beinu them 
 selves debarred from enterinjr :he prot c'ed 
 country, freely a<imit within their ouTbu .He 
 the ^reat surplus of products the creatic n hi 'h 
 
 has thus been artificially stimulated in the rotea 
 fd country. n the real lif<:. ,.c tU !a protect- 
 
 nAfinn< r^f fU "'^r*^3.' '''e of the dav amoni' the 
 nations o the earth it ,s found that, with one ev: 
 
 DortZ;^'°^'''^'^'«'^'y '-^i^''--''' nations of i','. 
 
 the orincinle T''"'''"'^' '^''''' '"^'-nal affairs n 
 
 he W i^can ItH^'f "• '" u*- '^""^^ 'n.histries, and 
 iiie American attitude in this respect I ronsi.l^-r 
 
 tlsereTep^ioH^ri- "'", ' '-/ieve thai'":'; ^e 
 Wiser exception.-, can be made to this wise rule -inH 
 
 raT'"reh;'' a protectionist, that in respect to 
 
 St.tesrh ."' ^^'^^^" <^'^"^^J^ ^'"^1 the rnited 
 States the interests of both countries can be serve 
 
 fheaonl.w"''''?"^'^"^^ ™""^'-'- l' "'^ted y 
 believe that m "'"'Tr'y '^ ^'^^ fade quest ion"^ 
 
 ter[^i::;h;:^t^.r;i^^^;^;;;s^y-;/-v ma- 
 
 -' "> -lews are naturally colored 
 
—12— 
 
 ^^T^ vSe UvouU receive liule attention 
 Tn" etr i't. Uuiuth or Buffalo, and 1 .^h-|'< .-^ ;t 
 ^ic:'[he proposit,on we.. \^;;^^^i^t'.^ 
 boundary states from t^e At antu, tc ^^^^.^ 
 
 can pursue "o course so -Jtam to re ^u_^ ^^ 
 
 !:;^^uU;;l^^SS:^i;^asby^^ecun^ 
 e,j:it!;b,ebasisafree^.nterchar^ 
 
 mm.on of C a"J^«;»- ' /^ 'J ^j,,. boundary states 
 
 an.l more e'<W"*'*!='r''.j'??"'''' ' Bostfroustos.l|)• 
 "'■"^h:?The"?i"i iKen 'IS^oi Canada wiU 
 
 "'^^ilreVsXnTthr o °mry whriorbid .he 
 manufacturers ot anouitr J Boston s corn- 
 
 entry of her hn.shed products^ notwithstandin-' 
 
 the total cost of the coa^^^ u^^^ ^^j ^^^ ^^^ 
 and paper mills m all Aevv I k portion, of 
 
 drawing a portion. ^"^ J*V.7^„f,^'''Seri is not a 
 
 E^foLl'-rPrf awe ;o pay any Pr^^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 iS?35«7!!f~5IS"^55^5?5T 
 
I 
 
 -3 
 
 —13— 
 
 and thf I'nitrd States wliiih would be to tlie l..ti( 
 fit of all and to the injury of none. Thest.- consid 
 erations have lony a«o addressed themselves to 
 statesmen and |)hilosophers within both counfies. 
 and ^e result of these retlections has been the ap- 
 pointment of a commission of distin^,'uished men 
 who have under deliln-ration the broad cjuestion 
 of ^eci^Jrocal trade relations between the two 
 countries. I invite the attention of the American 
 members of that commission to the specific in- 
 stance of Sault Ste. Marie. 1 invite them to ob- 
 serve the variety and e.xtent of industries hicii 
 are either in successful operation or rapidly - in^ 
 completed on the C anadian side of the Soo, and 
 to -observe the restricted op|)ortunities which are 
 afforded our American works. 1 maintain that 
 the e.xistinfj water power here which accentuates 
 this condition does not affect the ^'t-neral principle, 
 but I believe Port .Arthur h.s the same advantages 
 ovvr Duluth, Windsor the sam^ over Detroit, and 
 Ioront(< the same over Buffalo in respect to many 
 classes of raw materials and their manufacture. 
 I believe the reconvening of the Hi^h j.Mnt Com- 
 mission to be a subject of the deepest interest to 
 all the boundary states, and especially to those 
 borderin^^ the (ireat Lakes, and 1 believe that the 
 Boards of Trade and other commercial bodies in 
 the chief cities of the Lakes should commence im- 
 metfiately an agitation in favor of a reciprocity 
 treaty which will be felt and acted upon in Wash- 
 ington without delay. 
 
 There is a word in the Kn^lish languajre which 
 IS much abused in the oratory of the tail twisters. 
 I hat word is patriotism. They have -ever defined 
 that word by synthesis or analysis, but people of 
 correct reasoninjr powers. Horace (ireeley or 
 Charleys Dana, would inform us that whether com- 
 niencing with the nation and ^o\n^ back to the 
 family or commencing with the family and going 
 
14— 
 
 sentiment which will impel those P^-^P'*^ «\ ,''^.^ 
 earth at present unha,n>ily -^^'•'^^^;,J:;/^f,:'^, y 
 th-At reyion of the t? Ohe calleil Laiiada. aireauy 
 under the cm ol oflaws as benign and nu.ials as 
 ".ooS as hose of any other country, whos^e arab e 
 soiU and habitable climate. ;^hose dense ores s 
 and valuable n> ne., extend ""--thwanl > U e 
 \meri. an boundary at some points for ^ ^'^J;*"^^ 
 ofTve hundred miles and at o'»^7, l^" "^;, /, ,,^. 
 Lt.nfe of two thousand nules. and to eiect thtrt, 
 in on the model of the United States, con.mencmw^ 
 .t'h th'e^Tl?benefU of all of ou. exper.enc^.. fann- 
 ing communities. manufact.rln^ to .- a"<' '^ 
 mercial and hnanc.al cities, b it to be suPi^osen 
 
 by intelliRent men that this P-'^^f^f ,;^^" '^Ji.'u „« 
 runted or any longer even retarded by unthinkmg. 
 rupieu 'J' '^ J f accidenta po ituians:' No. 
 'rh'^vasf mait^ y of he Americans from the 
 ^bS :^^'o congress appJa^Kl -terpr^e 
 
 and appreciate energy, and ^hp' ^'^^ ;f f^/j ^ 
 own sons to reap ^^ese green tie ds and eed.n 
 
 these new pastures. I hey ^'*V Ll ronf 7he^tt- 
 ticipants in the prohts to be realized from the set 
 S of this new'land, and they -^^.;'f}\^!^J^'J.\ 
 the oresent opportunity, so favorable for th. e. 
 actm^ent of international legislation which shaU 
 JesITlt in equal benefit to Canadians and Ameri- 
 
 ^^nop:^Ih"e^!^^weltuponth;ssub.ec.to^ 
 extent sufficient to excite your alarm, and fear 
 that our American canal is likely to languish 
 The cc^idi?.;^^ which I have cHscussed were well 
 known to us and had been carefully we.ghec be 
 {^reov. power canal was commenced. I believe 
 
—15— 
 
 most of the citizens already know of the ho.roo 
 hy<lrai!lic- horse powers created hy our canal al)uiit 
 40,CXJ0 horse powers have already heen appropri- 
 ated to two lar^e industries, the operation of 
 w'Mch will afford employment for :nany thousands 
 oi .nen, and afford support for many thousands. 
 I liav". however, slyly reset 1 about jo.ooo horse 
 power which it is intended snail he assi>;ned to a 
 more varied series of industries which will ttmploy 
 a vastly v^reater number of peopK; and suppf)rt a 
 proporti(inately laryer population. There will he 
 no cessation in our work niyht i:r day until the 
 power of Po.ax) liorses shall all have been K'ottfn 
 into continuous operation, fhe e.x|)enditures al- 
 ready made in our construction have naturall> 
 been the principal source of income to the com- 
 munity since the inception of the work. Ihey al- 
 ready e.xceetl th • smn of $2,000,000. ami tlu- fac- 
 tories about to be undertaken in connt;ctioti there- 
 with will in themselves reijuire an ecjual expendi- 
 ture. The present pay rolls will not therefore be 
 diminished, but will, from the openini^ of spring, 
 continue to be increased, as 1 hope, in a continual- 
 ly increasinir ratio. 
 
 While adcressin^r my fellow laborers at Sault 
 Ste. Marie. Ontario. ,>ointed out the broad diffu- 
 sion of the money expended on our works there: 
 I poiiit the same facts to you. Kvery maiiu- 
 faciurin« town in Michigan has participated in the 
 fund which we have expended here- I'he whole- 
 sale merchants of Detroit, the Iron Works of 
 Marquette, every blast furnace in Michij^an, has 
 received our contribution: the freijrb.t and |)Hssen- 
 jjer earnings of the Sault Ste. .Marie station, which 
 were in 1SQ5 $S;„743: i" kxjo were $28;,,Sio: these 
 earnings mean more trains. Ihe income of vour 
 post ottice for the year 1895 was $11,154.1;^ the in- 
 cotne for the sanie office for the year iqoo was 
 $16,912.18. Ihis growth has taken i)lace without 
 
 t-'^iif&fSm:^lk': 
 
—16— 
 
 icssation. It will Ik- nccssary for the citv fatlu-rs 
 to realize at oiue that they are ai)i)roaehinK the 
 (liunityand therefore the responsibilities of a lar^e 
 city. An imi)erfect water works system must be 
 reeonstnuted; the exeellent street pavin^r system 
 must be eoutinued; a i)ul)lie hosi)ital must be pro- 
 ieeted. These i)ublic re(iuirements are all com- 
 mencinji to i)ress and many others will soon be- 
 rome evident. They should eneourajie you; they 
 the nec-essarv concomitants of your trans Or- 
 from village to metrojiolitan life. 1 he 
 "l")"ui')iic spirit, which has been so invariably manifest 
 whenever public ciuestions have been discussed, is 
 an assurance of vour cai)abilitv of successfully 
 
 are 
 matKMi 
 
 meetinjf these new retiuirementSj aiu 
 jjress on m\' own acc<nint, as wel 
 
 1 I must ex- 
 as on behalf of 
 niy people.' our deep appreciation of your constant 
 and unvarvintr supi)ort durin^r all the many ne^n,- 
 tiations which have occurred during the pro^'ress 
 of our work. We have x et to eny;a^rt. ,n ,,ur hrst 
 controversy with vou. Discussions which have 
 arisen have always been agreeably concluded, and 
 we are inspired with the belief that to whatever e.\- 
 tent our investments here shall be increased, they 
 will always have the protecting favor ot the citi- 
 zens of Sault Ste. Marie. 
 
 In so .rreat a work, involving the procurement 
 of hundreds of titles of lands, where any obstinat.- 
 obstructionist could prevent its accomi)lishment. 
 the ^,'ood will ami aid of all the citizens has been a 
 necessary sui)port; and they have never failed us. 
 At one time the ruin of the town and of our in- 
 vestment was threatene<l by the proi)osed interdic- 
 tion of our ^rovernment. The reckless a^ntators 
 who roUetl that obstruction in our pathway reck- 
 oned not that the peoi)le of the I'nited States 
 ^rovern. and that the representatives ol the i)eopie in 
 Washin^non sit in conjiress to further, not to frus- 
 trate the comiiK-rcial and industrial ambitions ot 
 
— 17— 
 
 all the people And \vii(-n \(.m w.-iit with us m 
 Uashinojton and unfolded our simple tale, how 
 rorilial an<l synipath<-tic was our recei)tion l,y the 
 iiitelli^rent and distiin,ruished coniniittee havin.r 
 the matter in charj^-^e. 
 
 It would yrjve nie pleasure to mention hy name 
 many of j-our well-known eiti/ens who duriii.r ,„„- 
 |)relim!nary investigations hent their hest e?forts 
 to their su((esslul completion. A recent an- 
 nouncement perhajis justifies m<- in mentionin.r 
 your (ormer representative to conj^ress. the I loir 
 fienry \V . Seymour, although man\ ()th«;rs shoue.l 
 equal devotion to our interests. Mr. .Seymour 
 made the stron^rest possible exertions in our he- 
 half and his well-known public spirit has been re- 
 cently manifested in his successful efforts in in- 
 ducinn^ that <listin<ruished philanthro|)ist. .Xndrew 
 tarnej^rie. to make. Sault Ste. Marie the object of 
 his benefaction. I beliexcit was nearlv a yeara^o 
 when Mr. .Seymour suj^^'-sted to me this p'rojec t 7)f 
 his own ony^ination and requested my aid in com- 
 municatino; to .Mr. Carne^n,. the needs <.f Sault 
 Ste .\laru' in this respect. Whih- ren.l.-rin^r th,- 
 slight ai( re(]uested. I renu-mber hou litth- hope I 
 had for thesuc(fss of Mr. S.>\ niour's project: but 
 now you all know the uratifviiiK' result an. I it is not 
 the least of the pleasure that I experience toni^dit 
 to know that amon^r this assembla^r,. is one of the 
 chicl lieut.-nants of th.' -rreat In.n Mast.r, and one 
 whos.' ('ff,,rt ami skill has work.^.l no small part in 
 acquiring f<^r .Mr. Carne-ri,. that vast fortim.- which 
 i«' is n.)w apply, n^r to such well on.eive.l ben.- 
 tactions. 1 hope h.- will have an ..pp..rtunitv to 
 rommunicat.- to this ^rreat.-st ..f philanthn.pists. 
 tins man upon whos.- sh..ul.l.-rs has fallen th.- 
 mantl.- ..f lVal)...ly. that this litth- .-..mmunity just 
 nowb.-cominKthe r.-cipi.-nt ..f his fav..r will n..t 
 only enjoy to Its utm..st the int<-ll<-,iual feast now 
 mad.- possible by his <,r,.„erositv. but m.)r<- than all 
 
—18— 
 
 tlu.t the a>-Muiati..n ..t" hi> luim.; uilh the lil.rary 
 
 hiiildiii;^ o 
 
 f Sault St<'. Mari< 
 
 aiK 
 
 1 all inspiration to a 
 
 II th. 
 
 Wll 
 \()U 
 
 HI cxaiiiiiit' 
 
 th 
 
 n 
 
 \ iciiutv 
 
 Wll 
 
 live anil inspire no 
 
 t alone tlu' present 
 
 hnt all future uvnerations, 
 l.e warneM tliat it Sj5.ix«) < 
 
 ])opiilation o 
 
 I n 
 
 in 
 
 kiK 
 
 >11; 
 
 (XD iieople, we 
 t hi ■ 
 
 le max as 
 
 irs IS t 
 
 we 
 
 also 
 
 he 1 
 
 unit tor a 
 
 kiiiLT atiaiii at his (liior ii 
 
 people 
 low iiu 
 
 Wll 
 
 lie 
 
 am on 
 
 -.hall not lie loivj; 
 
 11 l.ehalf of ^o.oco 
 
 1- 
 
 to sa\- that no 
 
 this suliject \ou must a 
 If-resiiectin^ r 
 
 won 
 
 1,1 accept su( h a liilt without s( 
 
 )me 
 
 )mniuriity 
 pro\ i>ion 
 
 for rouiuliiiL!, It ou 
 store its sheU < -■ 
 
 t hv immediatelx couimenciii:'- (o 
 
 lielieve 
 
 tile cit\ 
 
 I'ox (^•rii:. 
 
 •lit 
 
 have ai^ireed 
 
 to assume 
 
 the annual maiiitenam c 
 
 cos 
 
 must now s 
 
 ti\< 
 
 tart a sul)scrii)tion i 
 
 t. which Mr. ("arneoie 
 
 t is^.ooo; wi' 
 
 ,r stockin< 
 
 slielx es 
 ori/e t 
 
 Our <!irei tors wi 
 
 he suhsciipiM'ii of $l.O0O t 
 
 11. as a coiiii)<.n> 
 .uch fund 
 
 au 
 and 
 
 lis 
 th- 
 
 pri\ 
 
 atel\ assuie you that 
 
 r( 
 
 slia 
 
 (tors escape me uiiti 
 
 th 
 
 eir 
 
 nail 
 ,ri\ a 
 
 not let our (li- 
 
 te sul>scrii>tion> 
 
 lia\ e re 
 
 uhed an etiiial amount 
 
 am aware 
 
 that the ^reat i)ri\ate fortunes 
 
 f Sault Ste. Marie 
 
 are vet to l)e nuu 
 the raii;j;e of m\ pi'<M' 
 aciordiiii: to his means s 
 in convincing: the u^eiierous ( 
 hiiildinu that his Ixneticence 
 
 le, although they are (luite wi 
 
 th 
 
 in 
 
 ■tic vision; \et each citi/t-n 
 
 hould taki' especial pride; 
 
 loiior of our librarN 
 
 has not fallen upon 
 
 an unapprei lative 
 
 1 have already rt 
 profit which many i 
 
 neoiiK 
 
 )tlier par 
 
 \("d from our expenditure 
 
 eni( 
 
 fill ('( oiiomist Wll 
 
 millions o 
 
 con 
 
 f dollars thr<.u;jhout t 
 
 fei-red l)rietlN to the dir<'Ct 
 
 ts of Michii^an ha\e 
 
 )ut a thou^ht- 
 
 dislriliutioii ol a lew 
 
 he state duriiii; the 
 
 Here 
 
 re<.^ar(l the 
 
 4ruction oi these woi 
 
 ks as oi no \er\ 
 
 t'oiise 
 
 (jueiitial matter i 
 
 eifectint;- ix'rmaium 
 
 I 0()0(1 to tli<- 
 
 peop 
 resu 
 
 le of the stale; the real am 
 
 1 lasting l>enetit wi 
 
 11 
 
 It from llie succi'sstui o 
 
 )pera 
 
 tion ol these works 
 
 and ill'' estalilishmeiit ot an t 
 
 xample whicli w i 
 
 an eiic< 
 
 )ura>iemeiit am 
 
 1 an inspiration to 
 
 \11 other 
 
—19— 
 communities. It is triit- tlru \..ii I,>. -. . 
 
 ofthei..iisofst;Ma;vanci'^u'';i;;;rM;;" 
 
 qu.tte nor (.ran.l Rapids can take then, av 'on 
 Vu. Init yonr vyse use of tiieni can only excit,- tl • 
 a/lm,rat.on an.l emulation of citi/ens of „ther sec-' 
 nons of your state. .Aithou^di it is natural that 
 on should not believe ,t. yet it is a fact that ,.e - 
 I>lc can struK^K'le alon^' an.l with the necessa y 
 
 resp(t hie communities without th.; assistanee of 
 thel-ahsofthe River .St. Marv. .Michi^ra„ an 
 particularly the I'ppcT Peninsula of Miehi ) n h ' 
 
 TZ:^:^'fr "'^'^-^""'ti- f*- the establiXnem 
 ot sutcessfu manufactunn^r enterprises. If j 
 
 relTrd , nV" ''^''^'"^ 'V'" "I^l'"'-ti'"ities. I uould 
 r^HRTd a lar^^re iron works at .Marquette as hein.r 
 an undertaking sure of success, uhen protecte 1 v 
 ore supply and sufficient capital for the cons ruc- 
 tion an( inau^niration of the works. The cost f 
 charcoal at that point will he low for n, un ea s 
 
 p" ""ir^l^"^ •-- '-de a seriou'^^cJA-* o 
 ma eJ. •""" ^'^-^^''l■-'^^.•tte could not he 
 
 made in competition with any of the furnaces in 
 rc-nnHylvania. Indeed, if the cal.ulations made 1 y 
 <ne of the most ..!,stinf,ri,ished men in the iron in- 
 «l>"stry of .\mer , ,. .Mr. .Mo.xham. who is now "r,! - 
 
 ."l s ,1 ^''^^"'"'^"'''''''■''"'"■•■"'''■|'■"'l"■l■ 
 
—20— 
 
 stt'fl. un.l uith ciuh nt-w industrial mov.-mcnt lit-r 
 aml.ilion and .iTorts would rxtcnd until a Mcani- 
 shiplin.to Mirhiimctcn an.l to Port Arthur on 
 th.- Canadian sidf should oin-n to her uses Xhv 
 riches of this Canadian storehouse, whic h we ol 
 Sault Ste. Marie nii^dit selfishly desire to kc-ej) tor 
 ourselves. Her direet communuation with L hua- 
 ,r„ would almost now justify the establishinent o 
 such water c-..nne.tions with the north shore ol 
 Lake Superior. We can justly expect that sueh 
 conrei.tions of this will su^^^^est themselves to the 
 minds of the <-nterprisin^r and wealthy citi/ens ol 
 that mvich favored town. promi)ted. as we ma\ 
 hoi.e, l.v our exan.ph' here. 1 would much enjoy 
 sketchin^r (,iit a possible i.ro^n-amme for a m()re 
 successful career for .-ach of th ..wns and cities 
 in Michicran. but the time an.l i^erhaps your own 
 inclinations will not i)ermit; what you probably ate 
 most interested in are those i.lans and projects 
 which will in the most summary manner dej.osit in 
 your coffers the wealth ex,)ected to ..How from 
 our operations here. 1 re^rc^t to sav that when t 
 comes .l.nvn to the in.livi.lual case 1 cann..t un.lei- 
 take t.) ^nvc- advice. If there be any n.yal roa.lt.. 
 wealth, it has n.-ver been dis.lose.l to me. 1 In 
 lai-Lre sums of money which y..u have- seen exp.-n.l- 
 ,-,l here have n..t been accjuire. by their ori^nnal 
 owners without eff..rt and without l^^l"/';; '^4; 
 remains vet to be d..nc- by the citi/.-ns "^ ^'i^''/ ^ ;; 
 Marie much work, both .)f the brain and of the 
 han.l to effect th." c.mtinual growth of your t..wn 
 Th.>se who ar.- laborin^^ now with /l^^ l^-l*^ '^.^ 
 earlv rest will be .!isai>point.'.l. Sault St.-. Mane, 
 no m.)r(- than anv other community, c_anu<.t cease- 
 o ... forwar.l without falli.Y V^^'\ ^ ^''' . ^Tfl^ 
 nu.vein.'nt is maintain.'.l on y by the cnstan fc^ - 
 war.l i.ressur.- ..f all of the inhabitants of th. 
 
 'Tr;Se'dis,inguish..l ^.n.lem.m from abrna.l 
 
 ■Ti?r. 
 
—21- 
 
 I '«<-lstrcn-thriH.,ll,v this cnlial an. I ,-n-n,-st 
 
 foit t h,. future ,nay n(|„in- tr.Hii nu- lu-n- witli th ■ 
 ;,"" "l*-n<-*- that th,. iM-opIe ..f Sault Ste-. \ a ■ t , 
 l^«' last ,nan. an. hnhlin^. up mv han.ls. thank 
 >.'" ""'">■/>"" acvount. an<l in [...half of ,m s ' . 
 naU>fo,-rh,sma^nilH..n, -h.monst.ation ' ! 
 patliy and n^ood will. - '