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" tit *^('^ ^ • '.;*..• ,;<^;.^ V f4 '■ .:«• ^t^; .,..;/ ■•«■, EXTRACT FROM A MANUSCRIPT JOURNAL, RF.LATING TO THE SIEGE OF QUEBEC IN 1759. TCKPT BY COLONEL MALCOLM FRASEB, Then Lieutenant of the 78th (Fraser's Highlanders,) and fierving in that Campaign. 'y^ J.-"' Published under the auspices of the Literari/ and Ilisforical Society, Quebec, Property of the Library University of Waterloo ^m- m.:.r * ^ >¥ f EXTRACT FROM A MANUSCRIPT JOURNAL, RELATING TO THE OPERATIONS BEFORE QUEBEC IN 1751), ' ■ ■ KEPT BY COLONEL MALCOLM FRASER, Then Lieutenant of the 78th (Fraser's HigblandcrSj) and serving in that Campaign. . ^; [Col. M. Prager died in 1815, atthe age of 82. The original of this manuscript is in the possession of the family of the late Hou. J. M. Fraser, who kindly allowed this copy to be made from it for the use of the Literary and Historical Society.] Tuesday, 8tb. May, 1759. Set sail fiora Sandy Hook for Louisburg with af^ir wind, under convoy of the Nightingale, Captain Campbell, the fleet consisting of about twenty eight Sail ; the greatest part of which is to take in the Troops from Nova Scotia, and the rest having Colonel Fraser';:; Regiment on board. i Thursday, 17th. May. We came into the harbour of Louis- bourg, having had a very agreable and quick passage. We are ordered ashore every day while here, to exercise along with the rest of the Army. On the 29th. May, and some days before and after, the Harbour of Louisbourg was so full of shotik of Ico that uo boats could go from the 8hips to Shoro, Thure la Ml iow« S5U0W Jft the hollowu, on fihoik?, l liUppniiC! tlw Uu* aomos from t\\& Gulf and vivoi of St. LawvaDC^i, p If:. 1 hear a Lieutenant, on board one of the Men of War, has shot iiinisclf, for fear I suppose, the French should do it. If ho was weaned of life, he might soon get quit of it in a more honourable way. 1st. June, The llegimcnts arc all arrived, and I hear wo shall soon sail. Monday, 4th. June, the Fleet set sail. I take it to consist of about 150 sail, including ten of the line of battle, besides frigates, bomb ketches and fire ships ; the rest are Transports and Store Ships~On the 8th. wo got si^ht of the Island of Newfoi;ndland ; very high land, a great part whereof covered with snow — The 9th. we entered the Gulf of St. Lawrence — The 11th came in sight of land nigh the Bay of Gaspd. This night it blew a pretty hard gale at N. W, . licgiments OD the Expedition : . 15tb. Amherst's ........;........ 500 Men. 28th. Bragg's 550 " a5th. Otway's 800 " 43rd. Kennedy's 650 " 47th. Lascelle's 500 " 48 th. Webb's 800 « ■ 58th. Anstruthers 500 " 60th.pnd.Battamon|j^^^j^^^^^.^^^^^^^^ c (3rd. BattallionJ b3rd. Frazer's nOO " Grenadiers of the 22nd. 40th. and ) ..^^ ,, 45th. llegimeuts from Louisbourg.. ) Artillery, 300 " • ' Rangers, 400 '< Light Infantry, 200 " Marines,., lOOO " jE In gross supposed at most, 81)00. m.» ^li ^ 8 Wftr, lias oit. If n a more hear wo consist , besides ansports sland of covered hrrencc — Men. re (( ic It :.^n (( i Oil ^ "IS On the 13th, June, we entered the River St. liawrcnco nt night 18th, oamo to anchor at the Isle of Bic ; l!)th. anchored 1 at Isle Verte 20th. at Isle Rouge ; here we had a contvarj' f wind and strong tide running about six knots an hour, whicli retards us very much as we arc obliged to anchor when tlu; -< tid«J begins to ebb. I observe the banks of the river here, and for some leagues below, are inhabited, mostly on the South Side. I Saturday, 23rd. June. — The whole of our Division anchored nigh the Isle auz Coudres. Two Boats having gone from our fleet to sound near the shore, were fired on by the Indians, as they say, with two pound swivels ; they came pretty nigh them, but nobody was hurt. We found Admiral Durell with most part of his Squadron at Coudres. We are told there arc three large ships of his Squadron at Orleans Issle. Sunday, 24th. June. — A New England Schooner run on the rocks at high water ; and it is (four pages wanting here) and The 15th. 43rd. our Regiment were ordered to strike our Tents and cross to the south side of the Biver, The 15th. crossed, but as it came on night, the 13rd.tand ours remained, lying OD our arms all night. Saturday, 30th. June. — The 43rd. and our Regiment crossed and joined the 15tb. and some Rangers we arc told, had a skirmish with some Canadians and Indians thc^ killed three and took three prisoners of the Enemy. We marched through the wood along a good road, towards Point Levy, for about three or four miles, when the Rangers in front were fired on from the woods they skirmished for some time, and the troops were ordered to halt. Some of our Rangers were wounded, but the Enemy were obliged to retire. We then marched on till we came to the church of St. Joseph at Point Levy, when we wereagain at ttcked in front. Brigadier Monckton ordered the troops to march in the open field by the River side, and the Rangers, Light Infantry and advanced parties continued »•* r. -.(■li Jij, "i«. 1 |Hnn»iiiL,' witli llj(5 enemy most part of tho evening, till Captain Ciimpbcll of Colonel l^'rascr's llcginicnt, who was posted with ]m Company in tho church, ordered a part of his Company to lire a volley at them, when tho firing almost ceased, and I suppose most part of the enemy retired as we hear but few hhots tlicreafter-but I hear we lost a few men. We lay on our arms all this night. Sunday, 1st. July.^The French sent some floating battories from the other side of the river to play upon us ; the Regi- ments were ordered to stand to their arms. I was ordered with Ensign Mc. Kenzie to the colours, and they cannonaded us for about half an hour. There were four of our Regiment killed and eight wounded ; and one Sergeant of the 15th. Regiment and eight of the Colour's Company were knocked down with one ball, behind the Colours, and all wounded, two T believe, mortally. This day, we pitched our tents at Point Levy. ■',.::-' .-Tho three Regiments, (15th, 43rd. and 63rd.) encamped at Point Levy received orders to strike their tents by one o'clock to-morrow morning. Admiral Holmes in the Dublin, with some frigates and bomb vessels came to anchor opposite to the French Camp, on the west side of the Fall of Montmorency, and began to cannonade and bombard their camp. Monday, 9th. Before day light, we struck our tents at Point devolved chiefly on the Kangers commanded by a Captain Gore- ham : Vol, I Page 309, we read of Capt Qoreham and his rangers lying in ambush and " scalping nine Indians." Page 348, Knox says " we took eleven scalps" " at Ange Gardien" Pago 345, we find that scalping was getting so common that the General strict- ly forbids the inhuman practice of scalping^ except when the enemy are Indians, or Canadians dressed like Indians. In view of this order a wounded regular of Montcalm's corps falling in the hands of Capt Goreham must frequently have had reason to exclaim in the words of the French play " Oh ! mon habit que je vous remercie 1 Page 302, we read of " seven of the troops of the colony being scalped " by Wolfe's rangers. Vol.11, Page 17, the ubiquitous Goreham and his rangers are at work again ; the Captain " sends an express to the General to acquaint him, that he has burnt a large settlement, and made some prisoners ; that his rangers met some Canadians dressed like Indians, had routed them and took a few Bcalps." Query ? were they obliged to dress at all, to be like Indians ? The punctiliousness of the Captain on the score of dress appears great 1! These out of many other instances are adduced, to show what was the nature of the warfare in u.^e in those days, and that the barbarous system of scalping, was practised by the white muu as well tis the red man of the woodf?. (,T M, I<.) (; 1/ I I*. I Lovy, and marcliod brinnil n liltlc hill m\*\\ the Camp, nnd out of sight of the Town, whore we lay on our nrmB till to- wards evening. The Fronoh have likcwiHe struck their tents in the Camp which wns cannonaded by our ships last night, and wo observed some tents pitched on the East Side of Mont- morency this morning, which we are told k the Brigade of our Army under the command of Brigadier Townshend, who crossed over to that place last night from the Isle of Orleans. In the evening, we returned to our camp at Point Levy, and pitched our tents as formerly. Tuesday, 10th. July— The Town has begun to bombard and cannonade our works on the south side of the river, at Colonel Burton's post, very briskly, but have hitherto done us no hurt. I hear one of the 48th. Regiment (Webb's) has deserted this day to the Enemy (An Irishman.) Last night the French began to throw shells at our Fleet, and this morning the Ships who lay nearest them thought proper to remove further off. I hear there were twelve of Capt. Goreham's Company of Bangers, killed by the Indians close to Brigadier Townshend's camp, in an ambuscade. The Indians were at last beat off having left three dead. A party of our Bangers having been sent out on this side of the river, (the south) on the 9th they took one man prisoner and two boys (his children) having followed him a little way, making a great noise, were in a most inhuman manner murdered by those worse than savage Bangers, for fear, as they pretend, they should be discovered by the noise of the children. I wish this story was not fact, but I'm afraid there is little reason to doubt it : — the wretches having boasted of it on their return, tho' they now pretend to vindicate themselves by the necessity they were under ; but, I believe, this barbarous action proceeded from that cowardice and barbarity which seems so natural to a native of America, whether of Indian or European extrac- mp, nnd 18 till to- eir tentH ist night, of Mont- igade of nd, who Orleans. ovy, and ibard and t Colonel i no hurt, irted this 5 French the Ships irther off. ipany of mshend's t beat off i^ing been 1 9th they i) having were in rse than hould be this story doubt it : tho* they sity they proceeded latural to an extrac- 4 I I tion. In other inHtances, thoso Rangers liavc liitliorto been of some use, and shewed in gcnornl a better spirit than URual. They are for most part raised in New Knglund. Tho French have again pitched their camp near the Fall of Montmorency, they have other camps all tho way between that, and the River St. Charles, which wo hear they have fortified with redoubts and breastworks^, with batteries at different places on the river side, bcHides the floating batteries which move from place to place. Wednesday, 11th July. — The batteries at Col. Burton's post not yet finished : a furious fire of great guns fiom the town at 12 o'clock ; the General went up that way a little ago, three men of our Regiment wounded at the battery. Thursday, 12th July. — The six groat guns and five mor- tars on the battery, near Burton's post, began to play on th<2 Town about nine o'clock at night, and at the same time, two of the Bomb ketches began throwing their shells into the town. Friday, 13th July. — I was sent orderly officer to the Camp, at Montmorency, where I had an opportunity of seeing our own, and the French posts nigh the Fall. The river is forda- ble below the Fall at low water. Monday, 16th July. — The Sutherland a 50 gun ship, with two frigates, and two transports, mounted with gunp, were ordered to pass the Town this night, about ten o'clock at high water, but it seems, they were not ready before the return of the tide, and by that means the thing was dropt for this night. It was thought they mi^iit have passed as the wind and tide was for them. Wednesday, 18th July. — The Sutherland \vith the Squirrel Frigate, two catts and two armed sloops passed the Town with- out receiving any hurt. There was a few shot fired from the Town. The Diana Frigate unluckily run ashore, but it is thought will be got off. I hear there is a Battaliou of the Royal Americans, wltU three Compauits of Grenadiers (Am* 8 horst/s, Wcbbn, and Fraser'a) on board the ships which passed. Kennedy's Grenadiers were on board the Diana, but obliged to be landed when she run aground. Thursday, 19th July. — The Diana has got off, having been obliged to land her guns. It is said she is not much damaged. Friday, 20th July. — A man of Capt. Simon Fraser's Com. pany of Light Infantry (of 63rd Regiment) was killed by a Canadian whom, with his son, they made prisoners. Saturday, 21st July. — The three companies of Grenadiers, 15th, 48th and 63rd. with the Battalion of Royal Americans who passed the Town, landed about twelve miles above it, when they were opposed by some Indians and Canadians whom they soon obliged to retire, and having taken about sixty prisoners, mostly women, and killed some of the Indians, they again embarked, without having any killed on our side ; but, I hear Major Prevost, of the Royal Americans, is dangerously wounded, in the head, and Lieut. Charles MacdoncU, of our Grenadiers, wounded in the thigh, not ■ dangerously. It is said, there were about fourteen privates wounded, (all Highlanders) by a fire from the Americans, who, mistook them for the Enemy in the wood ; it being in the evening, and dark. Sunday, 22nd July. — The Leostoff frigate and Hunter sloop of war attempted to sail past the Town of Quebec, but the wind having come ahead when they had just got abreast of the batteries, and the French having begun a smart canonade, they were forced to return, but without ^receiving any damage, which was more than we expected. Monday, 23rd July. — Things remain as yesterday. Tuesday, 24 July. — Col. Fraser, with a detachment of about 350 men of his Regiment, marched this night down tho River in order us wo hear, to take up what pritioners and outtb tUeyouniiud. Mi»Jo? Duliiog with the Light luiitatry^ mHrah Grenadiers, Americans above it, Canadians iken about le Indians, 1 our side ; lerioans, is t. Charles thigh, not n privates loans, who, eing in the id Hunter lebec, but ot abreast a smart Receiving »bment of ght down >onera aad luMivy, rrand, Wednesday, 25 July. — Major Dalling's pavty returned with about two hundred prisoners, mostly women and children, and about thirty Canadian men, with about three hundred head of o»ttle, horses cows, sheep, &c. A new battery of six 24 pounders and three, sea mortars ready to play on the Town. <$ ,xf.^<.t Thursday, 26th July. — Lieut. Alexander Eraser, Junior returned to camp from the detachment which marched with the Col. of the 24th. He brings news of the Colonel's having been wounded in the thigh, by an unlucky shot from a email party of Canadians who lay in ambush, and fired on the detachment out of a bush, and then retired. In the evening, the Col. came to camp with Capt. McPherson, who was wounded by the same shot, and^ the ball lodged in his thigh ; but it is thought neiiher of •their wounds are dangerous. There was not another man of the detachment touched. We did not hear of Capt. McPherson's being wounded till he eame to camp. I hear the General went out this day with Otway's Begiment and was attacked by the Indians ; they killed two Officers and thirty of his men, but at la^t took to their heels, and when they were crossing the river Mont> morenoy our people fired three rounds at them, by which, I am told ' they killed sixty-two Indians, which they reckon a very great loss. - » -.-vv' ,■ . »- Friday, 27th July. — The detachment returned with three WOQien and one man prisoners, and above two hundred head of cattle. S.'iturday, 28th July. — This night the French sent down a large fire raft which they did not set fire to till they were ^ed on by some of the boats who are every night, on the watch for them above the shipping. Our boats immediaAoi^r grappled it, and tho' it burnt with great violence, they towed it past all the shipping without apy damage. «; -r Sunday, 29th July. — Nothing remarkable; I had a luokj escape at Montmorency. 2 10 Monday, 30th July.— We are ordered to be ready to marcli at a moment's warning. Tuesday, Slst July.— The 15th (Amhert's) and Col. Fra- ser's Begiments embarked in boats about^ll o'clock, at Point Levy, and rowed, as if we were intended to land on the opposite shore under the French intrenchments ; when we had got more than half across, Brigadier Monckton, who com- manded us ordered us to row up the river, but the tide beiug against us we made little way. In this way we continued going sometimes up, sometimes down the Biver, the enemy throwing a shell at our boats almost every ten minutes, which luckily did no execution, till about five o'clock, in the evening when the Grenadiers of the, Army under the command of Col. Burton having landed, under the cannon of two large oatts, which had been run ashore at high water in the morn- ing and had play'd briskly on the French works all day, we were immediately ordered to land, which we did, and drew up on the shore. The Grenadiers attacked and took a frenoh battery of four guns, and a redoubt, but having fallen into a little disorder, and the enemy keeping an incessant fire at them from the trenches, the Grenadiers were obliged to retire with some loss, behind the 15th ; — our Kegiment and the French did not think proper to pursue them. In the mean- time. Brigadier Townshend with the part of our army posted at Montmorency, crossed the river below the falls, and stood on the beach at the confluence of the Montmorency and St. Lawrence Bivers, about a quarter of a mile to the right of our Begimont. In this situation we continued till the Grenadiers and Amherst's regiment had reembarked, when General Wolfe having put himself at the head of our Begi- ment ordered them to face to the right and we marched in the rear of the army under Brigadier Townshend, who had by this time begun to recross the river Montmorency, Thus 1 I dy to march I 11 i,f nd Col. Fra- ok, at Point land on the ; when we n, who com- e tide being e con tinned the enemy lutea, which the evening command of of two large n the morn- all day, we md drew up k a French fallen into a sant fire at :ed to retire nt and the Q the mean- our army le falls, and orency and the right 3d till the •ked, when our Regi- ched in the * ho had by icy. Thus I •nr Regiment had the honour to cover the retreat^ of the whole army, without receiving any hurt, tho' they were exposed, as well during the retreat, as while they stood on the shore, to a battery of two cannons, with which they kept a very brisk fire on us all the time ; but I believe they were a little disturbed by our batteries at Montmorency, as well as the guns of the two ships which were run aground in the morning ; and I dare say, they must have lost a considerable number, as the works were very strongly manned (I mean our great guns). This, I believe, likewise, was the reason why they did not attempt to attack our rear as I believe they were greatly superior to us in numbers tho' our whole army was there : whereas Kennedy's and Webb's with the Marines^ and Ball- ing's Light Infantry and the Bangers were left at their former posts. I have not yet got any certain account of the killed and wounded. I observed some men coming down from the trenches where some of our people lay killed; we imagined they were Indians who were sent to scalp them, after the whole Lad retreated, our people in the two Gatts set them on fire and left them. Wednesday, 1st August. — Our Regt. which was ordered to the Island of Orleans after the affair last night, were this day ordered back to their former Camp at Point Levy — This day Genl. Wolfe in his orders, had the following paragraph : — *' The check which i\ 3 Grenadiers met with yesterday will, ^' it is hoped, be a lesson to them for the time to come. Such < impetuous, irregular and unsoldier like proceeding destroys ^' all order, makes it impossible for their Commanders to form " any disposition for an attack, and puts it out of the Generals '^ power to execute his plan. The Grenadiers could not " suppose that they alone could beat the French army, and " therefore it was necessary that the Corps under General « Commonly known as the fight of the Beanport Flats in which Wolfs lost atmut Too men killed ana wounded^ 12 if " Monekton and Brigadier Townsheod could have'time to joio, *' Ui«t the attack might be general. The first fire of the ** Eneaij was sufficient to repulse men who had lost all sense ** of order and military discipline, Amherst's and the High- " land Regiments alonci by the soldier like cool manner they ^* were formed in, would have undoubtely beat back the ** whole Oaoadian army if they had ventured to attack them. *' The loss however is iooonsiderable and may be easily repair- ^* ed when a favourable opportunity offers, if the men will show ** proper attention to their officers." . ,-,_ - Thursday, 2nd August. Nothing extraordinary. Friday, 3rd do. Things remain as formerly. Saturday 4th do. Nothing remarkable. Sunday, 5th * do. Amherst's Regiment marched from tfaeir camp at Point Levy this night, and I hear they are to embark on board our ships above the town, along with Major Balling's Light Infantry, and a Battalion of Royal Americans, with a Lieutenant and twenty Rangers, and two hundred marines, in all about one thousand three hundred men, under the command of Brigadier Murray, to proceed on some expedition, up the river, where the French have three Frigates and several other vessels. ,., < ^ .*.«, n, Monday, 6th August,— ; "^ i ? : 'y.^.,- Tuesday, 7th August. — I hear the General has gone out on the other side (north) with the 47th Regiment and Light Infantry, in quest of some parties of the enemy. Wednesday, 15th August — Captain John McDonell, seven subalterns (of whom I was one)eight Sergeants, eight Corporals and one hundred and forty four men of our Regt. crossed over fisj»m Point Levy to the Island of Orleans, and lodged that night at the Church of St. Peters. (St. Pierre) Thursday, 16lh August. — The Detachment marclved to the east end of the ibland of Orleans, opposite to the Church of St. Joachim, «- v' 1' I 13 'time to join, t fire of the lost all senee id the High- manoer they it back the ittack them, asily repair- len wilUhow 7- ly. irched from r they are to ; with Major I Americana, bwo hundred ndred men, proceed oo ii hive three as gone out t and Light )onell, seven ht Corporals crossed over lodged that reived to the e Church of Friday, 17th August. — Crossed from the Isle of Orleans to St. Joachjra. Before we landed we observed some men walk ing along the fences, as if they intended to oppose us ; and on our march up to the Church of St. Joachim, we were fired on by some party's of the Enemy from behind the houses and fences, but upon our advancing they betook themselves to the woods, from whence they continued popping at us, till towards evening, when they thought proper to retire, and we kept poss- ession of the Priest's house, which we set about fortifying in the best manner we could. Saturday, 18th August. — Remain at St. Jouchim. , Sunday,19th " do. ^ .. * . Monday, 20th " , , do. , , ■ ,. Tuesday, 21st '' do. Wednesday, 22nd " do. Thursday, 23rd. — We were reinforced by a party of about one hundred and forty Light Infantry,f and a Company of Rangers, under the command of Captain Montgomery of Kennedy's or forty-third Regiment, who likewise took the command of our detachment, and we all marched to attack the village to the west of St. Joachim, which was occupied by a party of the enemy to the number of about two hundred, as we supposed, Canadians and Indians, when we came pretty near the village, they lired on us from the houses pretty smartly ; we were ordered to lie behind the fences till the Rangers, who were detached to attack the Enemy from the woods, began filing on their left flank, when we advance^ briskly without great order ; and the French abandoned the houses and endeavoured to get into the woods, our men pursuing close at their heels. There were several of the enemy killed, Bnd wounded, and a few prisoners taken, all of whom the barbarous Captain Montgomery, who command us, t The leader of the forloiH hope who fell at Pres Do Villc SIst. December 17*^5. li 14 ordered to bebuchered in a most inhaman and cruel manner ; particularly two, [who I sent prisoners by a sergeant, after giving them quarter, and engaging that they should not be killed, were one shot, and the other knocked down with a ToiUahawk (a little hatchet) and both scalped in my absence, by the rascally sergeant neglecting to acquaint Montgomery that I wanted them saved, as he, Montgomery, pretended when 1 questioned him about it ; but even, that was no excuse for such an unparalelled piece of barbarity. However, as the affair could not be remedied, I was obliged to let it drop. After this skirmish wc set about burning the houses with great success, setting all in flames till we came to the church of St. Anne's, where wo put up for this night, and were joined by Captain Eoss, with about one hundred and twenty men of his company. Friday, 24th August. Began to march and burn as yesterday, till we came to Ange Gardien where our detach- ment and Captain Ross, who had been posted for some days at Chateau Richer, joined Colonel Murray with the three companies of Grenadiers of the 22nd, 40th and 45th Regi- ments, where we are posted in four houses which we have fortified so as to be able, we hope, to stand any attack which we can expect with small arms. '" - • ;"lr^ Saturday, 25th. Busy felling the fruit trees, and cutting the wheat to clear round us. Sunday, 26th. The same. Monday ,j27th August. — I hear Brigadier Murray has re- turned with his detachment, having had all the success expect- ed of the detachment. We received orders to march to-mor- row to Chateau Richer. Some men were observed skulking in the corn, round the houses we possessed ; upon which, some of our people fired from one of the houses, when the whole took the alarm and continued fixing from the windows and loop holes for about ten minutes, fpf my own part I can't say, . 15 *uel manner ; rgeant, after lould not be down with a my absence, Montgomery (tended when 10 ezGuse for , as the affair Irup. After ) with great ihurch of St. 'e joined by enty men of id burn as our detach- lome days at 1 the three 45th Regi- ieh we have ^tack which 1 cutting the •ray has re- jcess expect- arch to-mor- ed skulking which, some a the whole ows and loop can't say, . ionld observe any oi' the Enemy, but'as we had one men killed, and most of the men affirmed tbcy saw men in the Corn. I can't doubt but there were a few of the Enemy near us. Tuesday, 28th August. — Captain Mc. Donell with Captain Boss, and the rest of the Detachment marched, and took post I at Chateau Kicher. I Wednesday, 29th August.-— Captain Ross, with the Subal- terns and about one hundred men went out reconnoitring, returned about eleven o'clock with a Canadian, whom they took prisofoer. He says he came from Quebec three days ago, but Jknows nothing, Thursday, 30th August, — Remain at Chateau Richer forti- fying ourselves in the house and Church in the best manner Iwe can. Friday, 31st August. — Received orders to burn the houses At Chateau Richer, but not the Church, and return to Mont- inorcncy to-morrow morning. .; i Saturday, 1st September. — Our Detachment marched from Chateau Richer to* Montmorency, where we, were cantoned in •ome houses and barns, haying been joined on our march by ^Colonel Murray, with the three Companies of grenadiers from Louisburg at Ange Gardien. We burnt all the houses &c. between that and the Camp. Sunday, 2nd September.— The Louisburg Grenadiers and ^our Detachment, with a Battalion of the Royal Americans were |ordered to cross to the Island of Orleans from whence our detachment was carried in boats this night to our Camp at Point Levy. ,, Monday, 3rd September.— The Army at Montmorency de- camped this day, and crossed to the Island of Orleans, and I firom thence to Point Levy, without molestation from the I French, tho' they must have known some time ago that we intended to abandon that post. I This day died, my worthy Captain, Alexander Cameron, 16 It . I.. ■ I ! : v^ of Dangallon, universally rcgreted by all those who knew him as a fine gentleman and a good soldier. Tuesday, 4th September, — Arrived Captain Alexander Fraser of Culduthell with a 14th. Company to our Regiment; Capt. Cameron was intered in front of our Colours, with the usual solemnities. Wednesday, 5th September,— I hear the 28th, 47th, 35th. and 58th. Regiments, with the whole of the Light Infantry ; have marched on the south shore, above the town, and em- barked on board the ships above the town ; the 15th. 43rd. and a detachment of six hundred of our regiment are ordered to follow them to-morrow. Thursday, 6th September. — The 15th, 43rd. and a Detach- ment of six hundred of our Regiment marched about five Or six miles above Point Levy, when we crossed the river. Tres- Chemins, (Etchemin) and embarked on board the ships above the town. We are much crowded : the ship I am in, has about six hundred on board, being only about two hundred and fifty tons. < . '* Friday, 7th September. — The awny above the town being about four thousand strong, continue on board the ships, most of the men above deck, tho' it is v^ry rainy weather. Saturday, 8th September. — Remain as formerly on ship board ; very bad weather. " Sunday, 9tb September. — About fifteen hundred men were ordered on shore, on tho south side of the river. We hear we are to land soon on the north side. We see a number of the French intrenched there, on a beach, where they have got some floating batteries. Monday, 10th September. — As above. ' * ^ Tuesday, 11th September. — The troops landed on the south shore, ordered to reembark to morrow morning. " Ordered ♦t also : — That the Troops do hold themselves in readiness to << land and attack the Enemy : — As the Leostaff and.Squirrel (( tl K :i« ;i 17 knew him i< Alozander Regiment; l( 8, with the 47tb, 35th. C it Infantry ; t( rn, and em- <( 15th. 43rd. u are ordered K 4( id a Detach' • l< ibout five Or 4C iver. T res- ships above Hi '. am in, has M two hundred a <( town being 4( e ships, most er. '^'''^'^' rly on ship 1' *ed men were We hear we imber of the 1 1' lave got some * - on the south . " Ordered 4 [ readiness to ■1 ' and^Squirrel 1 Irrigates arc ordered to follow the flat bottomed boats, the Troop belonging to thoso shipfli aro to remain in them^ and the boats intended for these Corps are to take in others according to the following distribution:— " Distribution of the Flat bottomed Boats. ' Stirling Castle, ?A To take 50 into each of Bragg^i Dublin, 3 }- Resrt. out of the Ann & Elizabeth Alclde, 1 j instead of the Amherst. One hundred and fifty Highlanders to be removed from the George transport, into the Seahorse frigate. One hundred Highlanders to be removed from the Ann and Elizabeth Transport, to the Seahorse to morrow morning, after the re- embarkation of the first body of the Troops from Brigadier General Monckton's Corps. '* Order of the Troops in the line of Boats : — Ist. Light Infantry lead in 8 "j , 2nd. Bragg's Regiment in fi | 3rd Kennedy's Hegiment in 4 }■ Boats. 4th Lascelle's Regiment in 5 | . ' 5th Anstruther's Regiment, in 6 J Cth Detachment of Highlanders. . ) 1 fiat and the men of and Royal American Grenadiers*. ) war boats, ^' Captain Shade has received the Generals' directions in respect to the order in which the troops move, and are to land, and no Officer must attempt to make the least altera- tion or interfere with Captain Shade's particular provicce, least (as the boats move in the night) there may be con- fusion and disorder amongst them." " The troops will go into the Boats about nine o'clock to- morrow, night, or when it is pretty near high water, but the Naval Officers commanding the dificrent divisions of boats will apprise them of the fittest time, and as there will be a necessity of remaining some part of the night in the boats, the officers will provide accordingly, and the soldiers will have a gill of rum extraordinary to mix wub their water. 3 18 ill I i I i 1 i^ -i *' Armiy ammunition and two day's provisioDs, with their ** ram and water is all the Soldiers are to take into the boats, *' The Ships with the blankets, tents, necessaries, &o. will " soon be up. Signals.—" 1st. For the flat bottomed boats with the troops ** on board to rendez-vous abreast of the Sutherland, between ** her and the South Shore, keeping near her, one Light in " the Sutherland, main top mast shrouds. ^ <' 2nd. When they are to drop away from the Sutherland, ** she will show two lights in the main top mast shrouds, one *' over the other. ** The men to be quite silent, and when they are about to *^ land must not upon any account fire out of the boats. << The Officers of the Navy aro not to be interrupted in '* their part of the duty, they will Lave received their orders, ** from the officer appointed to superintend the whole, to whom *^ they are answerable. ** Officers of Artillery and Detachments of Gunners are put ** aboard the armed sloops to regulate their fire« that in the " harry our Troops may not be hurt by our own artillery. ** Captain Yorke and the Officers will be particularly oare- *^ ful to distinguish the Knemy, and to point their fire against *' them. ** The Frigates will not fire till broad day light, so that no " mistake can be made. " The Officers Commanding Floating Batteries will receive " particular orders from the General. " The Troops to be supplied with provisions to morrow, till " the 14th." Wednesday, 12th September.— We were busied in cleaning our arms and distributing ammunition to our men. This day our brave General gave his last written orders in the foHowing words : i m 19 with their the boats, 98, &o. will h the troops id, between 10 Light in Sutherland, ihrouds, one ire about to oats. errupted in their orders, ole, to whom ■ ■ ' ■ '^ .- » ; ' ■ 'i _i mers are put that in the artillery, cularly care- r fire against t, 80 that no J will receive morrow, till 1 in cleaning I. Tbis day the foHowing « On board TItB SUTHBRLAIfl), <' 12th September, 1759. " The Enomy'M force is now divided ; great scarcity of pro- ** visions in their Gamp, and nniversal discontent among the " Canadians. The second Officer in command (Levi) is gone to ** Montreal or St, John's, which gives reason to think that *' General Amherst is advancing into the Colony. A vigorous *' blow struck by the Army at this juncture may determine the ** fall of Canada. Our troops below- are in readiness to join " us. All the Light Artillery and tools are, embarked at the ** Point of Levy, and the Troops will land where the French " seem least to expect them. ' f '' ^')o«U 34 ftll th« ftdviDUge ha oould dtilrt with iuoh an inftrtor Ara»f and whf re, if the Buemy venturfd to attack him be could uio wi^ hiB Artillery, on which was hi« chief dependence, to the be^nr m purpose : having u rising ground, whereon he might form hi Qpi Army and plant his Cannon, sio as to play on the Enemy in |||^ they ad vu need for about four hundred or five hundred yardf)bU||< with round shot, and when they came within a proper diwallf tanoe the grape shot must have cut them to pieces. Howevei^oniK it seems he observed the enemy, some formed at the edge o Xk< the wood, some forming, and the rest marching from St. Fojtrea^ The bait was too tempting, and his passion for glory gettiuoo it the hotter of his reason he ordered the Army to march aDr,h0 Ir attack the enemy, as he thought, before they could form, ioy fi a situation the most desired by them and ought to be avoide(nDp|l by us, an the Canadians and Savages could be used againsap)^ ua to the greatest advantage in their beloved (if I may saji tUM element) woods. It would give me great ploosure to relatand b something more to the advantage, of this gentleman who is,i8el abi many respects, poHsessed of several virtues*, and partioularlthe n all the military ones, except prudence and entirely free of alkhaM ' mercenary principles'; but, as his conduct on this occasion ^Mk universally condemned by all those who are not immediatekataH< dependent on him, truth obliges me to state matters as ! On believe, they really stood ; more especially as it is not saiii&'ri^ he advised with any of those who had a right to be consultdindiii before such a step should be taken. Nay, it is said : that tbenig^t preceding night, at a meeting with the different CommandaDU;reatl of the Corps, he declared his intention of fortifying himself oonoiy^^ the heights and not to attack the I'nomy, unless he should l)^^*"^ forced to it, which we were persuaded of by his orders to carr^iQin^ , out intrenching tools. We had very little chance of beatingjjjjjj** an Army* to four times our number ; in a situation where weron^,] * The other accounts make the French army any thing but <• fonr times" the number of the English army. It appears certain 3o otiU iciroo Mut i and if the Knciuy hid mid« a propur um AQ infirior Araf il^ir advantuge, the ouoscquanoeH muHt have proted fatal lim he oould uio ^|tM thoy might havegoi boiwixiua and the Towo, cut off aooe, to the bc^ur ntreat, and by that means ruined us to all intents, e might form hi (W flituatioo b«!oiime now extremely critical : ^e wore beat >n the fineiny in |||i field, by an nrniy greatly auperiur in nuniberH, and e hundred yardfiblipd to ruly uu whut dctcrioe wc ouuld make within the lin a proper diwattt. of Quebec, wbic.i were hitherto reckoned of very little eces. Howevei«oni|quenee againxt a superior army. [}d at the edge 1 J^ French that very nij^ht after the Battle, opened ig from St. Fojtretpbe.s, within six hundred yurdH of the whIIp. and wont for glory gettiiioo itzt, 'Sdil April, with their workx pretty briskly. For ly to march an^hepivt two days uftcr tlie battle there was very little done could form, ioy p ; and on the Ist. of May. the laruoHt of our block hou.sca [ht to be avoide(8iiHiil square redoubtfi of hog.i, luusquot proof) w>tK blown be used agaiosaphy accident, -aud (Jnptuin Camerou of our Kegimcut and d (if I may saji siMtcrn of the 48th with Heverul men. dangerously burnt loflsure to relatand bruised. On the Hrd. day aifter the bittlc. the General leraan who is,iiset fk»ut to strengthen or (I may say) fortify the Town, und and partioularljlhe Men worked with the greatest alucrity. In a few daya itirely free of althtvl were about one hundred additional guns mounted, with this occasion mhUk our people kept an incessant tire on the enemy, and not immediatek< u i Je d their works very much. :e matters as 1 On the 9th May, the Leostuil' Frigate, Captain Devtn, s it is not said^'nM from England, and brought us — news from thence, to be consulteiluidiDformed us that there was a sf^uadron in the River, which B said : that tbenif^t be expected every tide to our assistance. This added it Commandantj^reitly to the spirits of the Ganison, and our works wcro tying himuelf oOj^j^^^^j^. jj,^( j^^^i j^^ ^j^^. advantage ot number, and Mnrra> the ad* 88 he should bt^^^lPgtt of position and of a splendid park of artillery, some twenty , Ml^pfleld pieces on a rising ground, whilst Levi had but two I oraers to carr^jQini j^nd his troops were fatigued by their laborious trudge ince of beatioe'"'^'^^ ^^° Bijou marsh and Sucda road, at a time of the year '[tbiiSS April) when the winter snow and rain bad made the lation where T^eroai^ nearly impassable. •■ * - _ . f any thing but t appears eertaiii % i .1 enrried on briskly. The General seemed resolved from the firet to defend the place to t)»e last. This, nobody doubted, and every one seemed to forgot their late misfortune, and to placo entire omfidence in the General's conduct, which all must acknowledge very resolute, when reduced almost to an extremity. On the 11th May, the French opened two Batteries mount- ing thirteen guns, and one of two mortars. Their heavy metal consisted of one twenty-four and two eighteen pounders, the rest were alllight. They did not seem to confine their fire entirely to any particular part of the Walls, otherwise I believe they might in time have made n breach, and their fire was not very smart. We were masters of a much superior fire, and annoyed the besiegers at their batteries very much. Their fire became every day more and more faint, and it was generally believed tbey intended to raise the siege. i-' I.I.' V. On the 16th May, in the evening, the Vanguard, commodore Swanton, and Diana Frigate, Captain Schomberg, arrived from England, and next morning 17th May, 1760, they and the Leostaff attacked the two French Frigates that lay at anchor in the Bay, above Cape Diamond ; which when they first observe-' ^hey made as if they intended to engage, but on our ships approaching nearer, they set sail up the river ; but one of them ran ashore immediately, and our Frigates soon got up with theirs, and obliged, them also to run agrouud and thereafter destroyed them. One ship however escaped out of their reach, and unluckily the Leostaif, after all w ah over, ran on a rock, sunk and was entirely lost. ' ': That very night several deserters came into Town, uud informed that most part of the French army had marched. the Trenches bein^ guarded by their Grenadiers only. About twelve o'clock at night, the General sent out a party wh(^ found the Trenchee entirely abandoned and next mornings 37 ved from Ihc ody doubted, tune, and to act, which all ulinost to an teries inount- Thelr heavy en pounders, confine their otherwise I ch, and their I of a much eir batteries Dre and more ided to raise d. com mod ore berg, arrived r, 1760, they igates til at lay ich when the}' to engage, but up the river ; i our Frigates run aground wever escaped aft'Cr all was ;■ I- -^^i I :''!'. Town, and had marched, only. About a party wh(^ ixi morning; lith May. 17ii0, we found ourselves entirely freed of tery iSiagrceable neighbours, having left behind all their artillery, lith a great part of their ammunition, Camp equipage and luggage. What made them retreat with such precipitation ink could not guess ; but, it seems they were seised with a funic. It appears they allowed the savages to scalp all the MUcd and most part of the wounded, as we found a great Hany scalps on the bushes. I have been eince informed by Lieutenant McGregor, of olir Regiment, who was left on the field wounded, and iirrowly escaped being killed, having received two stabs of ^bayonet from two French Regulars, that he saw the savages Murdering the wounded and scalping them on all sides, and «ipected every moment to share the same fate^ but was saved ^ a French Officers, who luckily spoke a little English,