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Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon k cas: le symbole — •► signifie "A SUIVRE ", le symbole V signifie "FIN". Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning ir. the upper left haiid corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre film^s d des taux de reduction difftrents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul clich*. il est film* A partir de Tangle supArieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m^thode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 6 6 B icia UNITED STATES. No. 2 (1890). n . ■ . ! A CORRESPONDENCE BESPEOTIKO THE BEHRING SEA SEAL FISHEllIES: 1886-90. Pretented to both Houses of Parliament by Command of Her Majetty. August 1890. toi3l I, () N DON: PU(NTKI) KOIl IIKK MAJKHTY'S STATIONKRY OKKICK IIY IIAHHINON AND SONS, ST. MMU'IN'N I.ANK, i-iiiNTiiHH IN fiiiuiNAHr TO Hull yAJKurv. Ami (;ite. Subject. Page Colonial Office To Sir L. Wc»t Colonial Office Sir L. West Admiralty Colonial Office To Sir L. West Sir I,. West To Sir L. West Sir li, West Admiraltv Sept. I, 1886 0, I 25, i "■ Oct. 7. IB, 20, 2J, 21. 30, 21, Nor. 4, Messrs. Lompson ami Co. .. 12, Colonial Office ,, ., |6, To Sir Ij. West Sir I.. WeM IH, 19. To Messrs. I.aniiiMiii sij. I-VI.. rjO, 1", 33 Colonin: Ollieir 34 I To Sir I,. West .. Apr, 2, 2, Three British Columbina ■sealers seized by United I States' revenue-cniiznr " Corwin " . Co\)v of above. To ask United States' Government for information Kefers to No. 1. Details of captures of "Thorn- ton," "Onward," and "Carolina." Protest should be made and compensation demanded . . History of the origin of the Alaska Commercial , Company .. •• •• ••' Newspaper extracts relatinfr to seizures . . . . ] Sends cjpy of I'niled States' Act to prevent exter- mination of fur-bearing: animals in Alaska, and of the Alaska ("onipany's lease . . Kefers (o No. .i. Sends further details, with Keport of Committee of Canadian Privy Council. Has any action been taken ? . . . . To protest njjninst sniziires and reserve rijhts Has aiiv reply been received to No, '21 Or any npprai Indsred against decisions of United States' Courts?.. *.. Keplies to above. No information Recapitnlales facts of seizures as reported to Mer Majerty's (ioveniment. To see Mr. Haya-d, who will, no doubt, make due reparatien ,, Copies of notes founded i n Nos. 2 and 8 Extrnct from " Diiilv Tirilish Colonist " of Victoria relatipir to the seizures . . . . . . Facts rclatinir to «eid fishery. Mope tier Majesty's Oovirnnient will supjiort United Slates' (iovern- ment in presorviuir seals Tcle(;rani from Canada asking' if any answer has been receiveil from United States. Case one of errnt hardship , . .. . . .. i Substance of above. To report . . . ■ Answer" above, Mr. Bayard has not yet received nllii i il report of proceedings of Court .■\fknowled)jes No. U, Question heiii(r roiisidered llefeis to No, 10. Mr. Bayard's upolojfies for delay To seek assurances that no seizures will be made beyond Alaska territorial waters peiidini^r scttle- nieut .. .. .. .. .. Copy of note foundeil im above Copy of despatch from Cannda, with Heport of Privy ('(Mincil explainliiK views of Dominion Uo. vcrniiieut on historical rights, with lettiTS from pc^rsons interested, and iiewspiiper extracts C'lpj i.'f pneedinii. To express coticeru at ab-ence of infiiruiation, and i.rjre immediate attention Note to Mr. I'aMird foundeil on i\\m\v .. Note from ,\lr. Itii\ard explainiULr delay and assur- ing of observance of inlernntinnal obii|ialiuii9 To ask for ijil S4 Si W M>| (19 M M M 3r r„ W.-!it .. Mar. 29, 1887 ..| Apr. 2, 13, Cnfonial Office . 1o Colonial Office. T» Sir L. West Sir L, West (Telegraphic) To Sir L. West flir r,. West To Hit L, VVest 3ir L. WfHt AHniiiMlKr Sir I,. West .Admiralty To Sir L. West .. flir n. riollnnd to Mnrqiiis of fjins'lowne Sir U We,t To Sir I,. West . . Colr.ni.il Offirc To Sir I.. Wei-l M.'mnrandiim C(i>- miinirated hy Huron Pleosi'n Sir r,. VVVst Admiralty .. ,, Sir r,. West Miiv c, 30, June 27, July ti, 9, 12, Au^. 2, 4, 10, 10, 15. 24. 20. 22, Sept. f), 10, 14, 6, l.i, 15, 24, 27, 27, Oct, 5, Sept. S3, Oct. 4, Sept. 98, rVlMiinrnndiim enmmiinicitcd Oct. 10, hy M. d'Adrllinrg To M d'AdelhorK .. H, fl2R] Subject. Page Attempts of Alaska Company to obtain furtlier protection . . . . . . 53 The Captain of the " Corwin ' has been cited to defend himself for seizures effected on American schooner " Sierra " . . . . . . 53 Mr. Hlaine's replies to quotions founded on No. 34. Indefinite. Incloses " Provisions rtl^tinp to the Unorganized Territory of Alaska" .. .. 54 Refers to No. 36. Case postponed .. .. .58 Extract troni "New York Tiuics," showing United States' reply to pretensions of llussia previous to cession of .Alaska .. .. .. ..58 Heport of Canadiar. Privy Coimcil urgine speedy reparation, with a resume of facts by .Minister of Marine and Fisheries . . . . . . 61 Acknowledges above. We should wait for Report of judicial proceedings. Want copies of papers laid before Canadian Parliament .. .. 64 Copy of No. 40. To get judicial records .. 64 Forwards copies of judicial proceedings in Alaska District Court in cases of the three vessels seized 64 Acknowledges above. Were they communicated without enmmcnt? . .. .. ..76 Answers above. Yes . . . 76 News received of further seizures. To remind J\Ir. Itayanl of .issurances given in \o. 2',and to conmiuiiicate information . .. ,. 76 Asks for furllier information and details connected with ju:licial proceedings sent home in No. 4.3 . . 77 Mr. Kayanl's replies lo No. 46. He knows of no assurances, hut will ask grounds for seizures .. 77 Seizure of " Anna Heck " .. ..79 Position of ' ijayward," " Dolphin, ' and " (jrace " when seize>'., with remarks on habits of seals . . 79 Copies of Ki'ports by Captain of the " Hush," who effected above captures, giving details . . .. 80 Reports by Uear-Admiral Sir M. Culme-Seymour on seizures of " Anna lieck " and " W. P. .Say- ward," with copies of slatenicnts, declarations, and indictments . . . . . . . . 82 General review of the position. No doubt United States' (Tovcrnment will admit their liability, and yive enmpensution . ., .,88 .Sends copy of .\o. 53. E.xplainB position . . 90 " New Y'ork Times " on maritime jurisdlctiou in IJehring's Sea .. .. .. ..91 Have any steps been taken to appeal in cases of "Onward," "Carolina," and " 'I'hor.nton "? .. 92 Copies of two despatches from Canada respecting seizure of '(irace," "Dolphin," ami " W. P. hay ward" .. .. ,. ..93 Telegram from Canada reporting that vessels arc still detained, anSl>itea lo Sweden ti. ^oin negotiations for preservation , . . . { 911 Answers above. No limilar inritalion received iroin United States' Ciovernment. Will Sweden accept ? , . . . , . . . . , 99 I a TABLE OF CONTENTS. No. 67 66 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 8S 84 8fi M 87 88 89 90 91 99 9S 94 95 Niroe. Date. To Baron I'lewen, Admiralty Sir L. Went Colonial Office ToSirL. Weat .. To Colonial OCce Sir L Weft .< (ht. To Sir L. Weat Sir L. Weit #• tt Colonial Office To Flenipolmliarin Fialifrict <>Kif»rM)e# To Colonial Offi'/r.. Mr. J. Chain>>rflain, M.l', Colonial Office Sir L. W Mt ('olonial Office ft .Mr. i'hetpi Sir I.. Wnl To Sir L. Weat Not. II, 1887 19, 14, »7, 1!», 80, li. 12, 12, 14, 14, 26, 29, 20, 23, 19, 28, 99, 29, 28, Urr. 26, .)an. .'5, IRSX 14. 28. ffh. a, 18, 17. 10. 22, Subject. Answers No. 61. No similar proposal made to Her Majesty'a Government. VVliat will he de- cision of German Government ? Sends copy of letter from Cnnimander-in-cliief on Pacific Station, with newspaper extracts as to demnrrcr handed in on hchalf of Hritish sealers Ucnewed orders sent for release of vessels Copy of despatch from Canada respectinij seizure of " Alfred Adams." Suggests that protest afrainst right of seizure should he made to United States' (jQvernment . . . . . . Refers to ahovp. To protest against seizure of " Alfred Adams" and similar proreedings Answers No. 70. Sir L. West instructed to protest against seizure of '■ .Alfred .\dam8." Protests made in previous cases ,, Refers to Nos. 59 and 64. Reply received from Mr. Bayard Answers No. .OB. Notices of appeal lying in Sitka Court. No further stops taken . . Answers No. 60. Note to .Mr. Bayard tcspecting seizure of " Grace," " Dolphin," and " W. P. Say ward " Refers to above. Reply from jMr. Bayard acknow- ledging note respecting seizures of three vessels . . Brief of United States' Government tiled in Sitka Court, and article thereon from " New York Herald' Refers to No. 71. To give Mr. Bayard copy of iuclosure ni No. 70 Refers to No. 69. Approves action Answers No. 71. Copy of noti^ to Mr. Bayard protesting against seizure of " Alfred Adams " and similar proceedings Refers to atinve. Copy of note from Mr. Bayard ac'kninvleilging " Alfred Adams " protest Despatoli from Canada inclosing Minute of Execu- tive Council nf British Columhia respecting value of sealing industry to province No Invitation received from United States' Govern- ment as to negotiations for preservation of seals Her Majesty's Government favourably disposed to negotiate si'parately from question of fishery riglits ,, .. .. .. ., .Sends copies of Nos. 8'? and HA Answers No. &2. Quotes instructions to Plenipo- tentiaries at Fishery Conference as to including Behring Sea question Explains circumstances luider which negotiations for preservation of seals «ere mentioned. Subj' ct not rei'erred lo at Conference Revised olaims of owners of " Thornton " and "Carolina" Refers to Nos. 36 and 38. Clase of " Sierra " will probably he dismissed Refers to No. 87. Revised claim of owner of " Onward" Statements of claims of owners and agents nf " Favourite," " W. I'. Saywanl," " Grace," " Anna Beck," " Dolphin," '' .'Vlfred Adams," and "Ada".. Despatch from Canada saying notice lias been given of orders for release of " (inward," "Thornton," and " Carolina " . Revised slalement of claims of "'riu)rnton," ''On- ward," and "Carolina," and statement of personal claims of moslers and mates of " Dolphin," " W. I*. Savward," " Anna Beck," " (Jrace," and "Ada" ..' Submits Mr. Ikyard's detailed ))roposal for Inttfr* national Regulatlcns " New York Herald " on ilii ([nesllnn of the aciaures and closed seas . , , . . , . i Co|)y of No. 9a Page 9test ests .. ItO rom 110 r in , . 111 tinjr .P. .. 111 lOW- Is.. irj itba fork , , 112 V of 121 121 yard ns " 121 yarit I J 2 ecu- aliic . . 122 crn- —1. 124 125 12ii 195 126 i3<5 lU(i 141 164 160 172 180 181 No. Oti Xamr. T.. Sir K. W.'st 97 'I'o (-'oloiii.il OlFifp . U8 '■ To M. To Sir L, West ., 112 ; Sir I,. West rrelcgrapliic) 113 , To Coloniiil Ollico 114 ' Colonial Office Fell. 22, 1888 Mar. 3, 3, 7, 12. 17, 17, 22, 24, 24, 24, 28, 30, 30, 19, Apr. 3, lie Ti) Colonial Office 117 i Sir L. WeJt 118 119 i 120 „ 121 To .Sir U. Morier (alto to Sir ' i I.. West) ; 1 22 To Sir h. West . . '.•>'.\ 'I'd Colonial Office, lioiinl of i raile, anil Ailniiralty fJ4 Culoliinl Olllce .. * 125 i Sir L. West 12t) Colonial Office 6. 10, 14. Mar. 27, .1 31. , . I Apr. fi, 6, 16, 17, 20, 20, II. 24, 127 .'Vilniirallv 2.'!, I'iS ColoninI Olliee 25. 12'J ..1 27. 130 To Sir I,. WeKl . . 2P, !3i Sir I,. West 19, 132 Honril of 'I'rnile . . . 1 Mnv 4, 133 Sir 1,. WeKl .. Apr. 22, 134 j May 1, International llegnLitions (see No. 93). Interview with Mr. Phelps. Readiness to join United States and Itussia in an Agreement . 181 Copies of above and No. 93, for ohseivatioin . 182 I Would he jKid if he would join in discussion . . 182 j Answers .ihove. Will ask for instructions ..i |,S2 ' Answers No. 97. Must consult C.in.idii , ..| 18.1 1 .Answers aliove. Copies of Noa. 98, 99, and 102. Have reserved all rights and claims ..I 183 Copies of Nos. 98 and 99. Her Majesty's Govern- I nient do not admit rights of jurisdiction .,' IS4 I Submit! notice of a question by Mr. fiourlev, M.P., for opinion as to answer on points raised . 184 Answers above . . . . . . . . 1 8,t Telegram from Governor-General of Canada, who is anxious for .assurances ('anadian vessels will not he interfered with in coming season i 185 Swedisii (iovernment hopes the negotiation» will be successful, but is not sufficiently interested to 1 take part . .. .. ..| 186 Refers to Nos. 104 and 105. Possibility of armed \ resistance by sealers. Anxious for assurances of ] non-interference. As to sending a man-of-war to watch proceedings .. .. .187 Copy of .ibove. To represent extreme imj-ortance ; of Her Majesty's Government being able to | contradict report of intended seizures bv United j States .. .. .. ' ..187 Answers No. 107. Gives substance of above .. 188 On right of seizeil vessels to bond peiidin;.' iipppil . ; 188 Interview with .Mr. I'helps. Mr. Bayard's unotlicial , assurances that vessels will ,iot be molested pending | negotiations, though the latter would be rendereil i abortive by coming Presidential election . 188 See No. 108. No orders issued yet for capture of Britisli vessels ... ,, .. ,,| IS'J Substance of above . . , . . . ] \'i9 On question of bonding captured sialiis (see No. 110) .. .. ISO Answers No. 114. Views on bonding ,iud .nppeal questions .. .. . ..19* Sends a letter by Mr. Swan, Assistant Collcclor of Port Townsend, on fur-seals, bcnriug on question of jurisdiction . . . . . . ! 191 Copy of comnuinicatlou founded on No. lOJ .. I IU4 llefers to No. 110. Meniorandiiiu by Mr. lienjaniiu, j Conncillor-nt-Law. liond'ng question settled .. 194 Refers to No. 1(18. Kxecntion ot instructions. Mr. liayard hopes there will be no more seizures, \ 195 Interview with Kussian Ambassador an I I'niled S'.ales' (Charge d'Affaires. Decision ns to a pro- visional basis for negotiation .. .[196 Propose .Mixed Commission to inveslig:ile claims and decide as to compensation , . lUi Copy of No. 1 21, for oliserialions .. 197 Answers iv'o. IKi. Telegrani from Canailii a- to Inst year's capluies ., .. ,.197 Helers to No. 120. Private note from Mr. liayard, repenting that no orders for seizures have bein issued .. .. 198 Telegrams betwem Canada and Hritisli Cohnnbia. As to sel'-defence by sealers . . 198 Answers No. 123. I'ullv concur .. i;)9 Ditto. Canada will probidily make reserves. Copies of correspondence . . .. 199 Sie above. Caividian crilicisnis .. ,. 201 See No, 1 1 J. I'ropesi, to exietlil lime Inr appeal . . 201 Sfe .No. 12-.'. C(i|iy of note to .Mr. Hazard .. 202 Answers No. 123. Dispo8 169 To Colonial Office C'ulonial Odice To Mr. Herbert . . (Tele(traphic) Colonial Office 17, '^1, 2'.', 2(i, 170 •« <• • • Dec. 3, 171 173 173 174 175 I'o .Mr. Herbert . . (Telcgrapl Mr. Herbert (Telcgrap To Colonial OlKcc Mr. Herbert », »» ' • Ic) lie) • • Nov Dec 3, 5, » 'i 80, J76 '1 •! « -«-•' • • Jan. 8, 1889 Canadian objections to close time Regnlalions main- tained . . Refers to No. 134. .Mr. Bayard's views as to extension of lime for appeal . .. Extract from a Kussian Memorandum regarding the hunting; of seals Circumstances under which " W. P. Sayward " was released under bond at Sitka .. Urges immediate action in regard to Interuational Convention , . Sends a telegram respecting the proposed sale by the United States of the " .Anna Beck," " Dol- phin," " Grace,"' and " Ada." Urge its post- ponement . . Substance of above, for required action . . Acknowledges No. 139 .. .. .. Copy if No. I:i9, fur eariy consideration Substance of No. 141 .Answers No. 143. Canadian Report on its way .. Refers to No. 144. Canada informed .. Minute of Canadian Privy Council, giving their views on the United States' proposals for a close time. They protest against United States' doc- trine .. .. Refers to No. 146. .Minutes by Canadian Privy Council un proposed sales. What is progress of " W. P. Sayward " case ? . , . . . . .Answers No. 141. Note to United Stales' Govern- ment .. .. .. .. ., Refers to above. Sale will be postponed Ditto. Copy of No. 148, for repiirt .. Ditto Substance of preceding Refers to No. 121. Conversation with Mr. Phelps un close season question. Difficulties felt by Canada . . Refers to No. 147. Close time. Substance of above Refers >o No. 150. Copies of correspondence. Should sale be proceeded with ? Answers No. I.il. Case of "Sayward" not yet docketed in Supreme Court .. Copy of No. 155. What action ? Answers above. Proposed reply .. To net in sense of above . . . . As to disposal of condemned What i Substance of above Refers to No. 155. sealers . . Refers to No. 160. Copy of No. 161. should be done with " Ada " ? "W. P. Sayward." See No. 156. Should not action advised by Canada now be taken ? See No, 158. Despatch from Cuiada on bonding of '• (Jrace," " Dolpbm," and " .Anna iSeck " .. Refers to above and No. 162. As to case of '• Ada" .. Should substance of above be communicated ? Answers above. Yes ."^eeNo, liU. Substance of No. 1C5 ., " Ada." Correspondence from Canada as to original n|ipraisemenl .. ., ,, See No. 104. What bat been done about appraise- ment ? Wliiit answe; to No. 159 ? Answers above. None. Has asked .Substance of above .. ,. ,. ., Refers lo No. 1C8. Steps taken Refers to No. 171. Mr. Bayard on the question of I he sale . . . . . . . . Mr. Hoar'g motion in Senate for papers and Regu- lations governing fisbei let .. .. ., 204 204 205 208 209 209 210 210 210 211 211 211 212 216 219 219 220 32U 220 221 221 223 223 223 224 224 224 225 225 226 228 228 228 228 229 229 230 230 230 230 231 233 TABLE OF CONTENTS. V« Page main- 204 as to ^ , 204 iriling 205 " was .. 208 tional ^ , 203 lie by " Dol- po«t- , . 20y , , 210 • • 21U , , 210 211 ay ,. 211 • • 211 their close ' iloc- < • 212 Privy ogrena • • 216 overn- • • 219 , . 219 , , 220 220 I'helps 220 221 221 223 223 223 224 224 224 225 225 226 228 228 228 228 229 229 ■:30 230 280 280 231 233 No. Name. Date. Subject. Page 177 To Mr. Edwardes . . Mar. 23, 1889 President Harrison's Proclamation apalnst foreign sealers entering Pehring Sea. To telegraph term;, of . . 234 178 Mr. Edwardes 23, Suhstance of Proclaniatioa . . . . 234 179 If » • • • • 23, Text of Priiclamation 234 180 Colonial Office 26, Calls attention to Proclamation. To make repre- sentation.. 235 181 To Colonial Office 30, Answers above, u ill delay action pending receipt of Act for protection of salmon in Alaska 336 182 Mr. Edwardes 15. On proposed sale of ship". Canadian (iovornment think any interference useless (see No. 17.')) ., 236 183 »» »i •• •• 18, Copy of Act fur protection of the salmon fisheries of Alaska 237 184 To Colonial Office Apr. 4, Copy of No, ld2, for observations 238 185 Mr, Edwardes Mar. 25, See No. 176. Sends extracts from the published correspondence dealing with the historical ques- tion 238 186 M }l «• •• 23, President's Proclamation. Remarks on bearing of 242 187 M n •• •• 25, Salmon Fisheries .Act (see -To. 183). Report on its course thrciisli the two Houses in Congress . . 243 188 Colonial Ollico ,. .. Apr. 10, President's Proclamation. Remarks on term " dominion of the United States in the waters of the Hehrina^ Sea " 231 18& i» II • • • • 10, Acknowledges Xo. 184. No remarks. What is position of " \V. P. Sayward " appeal 1 231 190 To Colonial Office.. 11, Copies of Nos. 179, 186, und 187. Remarks on the meaning of the Act and Proclamation 251 191 To Sir J. Paunccfote 13, " W. P. Sayward." What is position of case! 2.-. 2 192 Mr. Edwardes . . 2, Remarks on rejected Bill of Mr. Dunn for amend- ing section 1 963 of the Revised Statutes 2 -.2 193 To Colonial Office., 18. Answers No. 188. .^re awaiting Reports from Sir J. Paimcefote 253 194 i» 11 • • • • IS, How long before IS86 were Canadian vessels in habit of sealing in Behring Sea ? 254 195 Colonial Office 20, Answers No. 190. Would be glad if our meaning could be officially recorded . . 254 196 ft ,. . • . . 29, Answers No. 194. Has asked Canada .. 255 197 Sir .1. Pauncefote .. 26, " W. P. Sayward." .\nswcrs No. 191 .. 255 i;>8 Colonial Office , . . . May 14, Extract from Annual Report of Canadian Depart- ment of Fisheries lor 188S , 255 199 Sir J. Pauncefo'e .. 24, United States' revenue-crnizers '' Rush " and " Bear" ordered to Behring Sea 257 200 (Consul General Hooker June 28, Professor Rayner's letter on the whole question 258 201 Colonial Office Jnly 27, Minute of Canadian Privy Council, with full Report by Minister of Marine and Fisheries, in which case is argued and claims presented 2S2 202 ,> Aug. 3, Alleged seizure of '• Ulnek Diamond " in Rehring Sea 273 203 To Colonial Office . . . 5, Answers above. Should have official details also as to " Triumph ".. . , 274 204 Colonial Office ,. «i Telegram from Canada. Reports appear correct . 274 iOJ II 1) 9, Refers to No. 194. Full Report by Minister of Marine and Fisheries 275 206 »» M . . . . 9, " Black Diamond " and " Triumph." Further Report . . 289 207 •I 1) . . • n, Case of the American sealer '' San D'.ego " us bear- ing on above c;i8es 290 2().S To Colonial Office. . 17. ,'\ppeals tor seizures in 1886 should he pushed on . . 294 209 Mr. lulftardes 5, On cases of " liluck Diamond" and "Triumph." and arguments of Uniteil Statics in reyard to seals 294 210 Colonial Olllcu 19, Rot'ers to No. 208. Telegram to Canada 295 211 it II 20, " Black Diamond " and " Triumph." Reports from ("anailian Om eminent . . 295 212 To Mr. Edwardes , . , . 'ii, Alleged seizures. What truth in reports ? To request issue of instructions to prevent recur- rence .. ,. , , . , 300 213 It II 22, Refers to above. To remind Mr, Bhilne of .Mr. Bayard's unollicial assurances. SirJ. Paunee- fote will discuss »h(de question, but Her Alajesty's Ciovernment protest against seizures ,, 310 vni TABLE OF CONTENTS. No. Nanip. Mr. Kdwardcs Colonial Ollicc 214 215 216 217 I To Colonial Otfice 218 I Colonial Office . 219 ' Admiraltv 220 221 222 223 224 To Mr. Eilwardes . To Colonial Office. Colonial Office 225 j 220 Mr. Kihvardes 227 „ 228 To Mr. Kdwardcs . 229 230 I ■-'31 Colonial Office 232 To Colonial Office 233 Mr. Edwardcs 231 To Mr. Kdwardes 23.') To Colonial Office, 23G 237 288 '.'39, Colonial Ollice nme. Aufr. 26. 1880 29, ■■•'eiil. •->, 2, 3. 4, 9, 9, 10. 10. I't, 13. 17, 1ft, Oct. 2, Mr. Edwardes 240 241 I To Colonial Office.. 242 To Sir .1. I'auiicefolc 243 I Sir C. Lampaou and Co. 3, 6, '■>, 12, U, 15, 24, 24, 24, 9, V«4 245 246 I 247 Colonial Office Sir J. Pauncefole To Sir ('. I.Hnipson and Co. 24S Sir C. Lanips'jn and Cn. 13, Nov. 2, 3, 6, 8. Oct. 31, Nov. 'l 13, 14, .'lunjtCT. Pafre Siininiarv of inlciviow, and copies of corrcBpondence with Mr. ISlainc on above instructions , . . 300 •' lilack Diamond " and " Triumph." Further from Canada. What answer? .. .. 303 Copy of tele- lenec 300 rther 303 ima- 304 COIl- ik .. 305 ida , , 305 lonta , , 307 , , 308 309 309 312 Sl'2 313 313 314 313 315 dlG 316 . 322 322 322 323 323 324 330 336 337 338 338 338 1 nnd 339 (iiffe- 340 Hc con- j{arcl- 350 aiiv J , 352 lliolr 352 No. 249 250 251 252 253 254 265 256 25; 258 259 260 261 262 263 2G4 205 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 270 280 281 282 Name. Colonial Office International Arbitration and Peace Association To Sir J. Paiincefote Sir J. Pauncefote , , , . Colonial Office .. To International Arbitration and Fence Association Colonial OfTice .. Date. To Coloniat Office, . To Sir J. Pauncefote To Colonial Office. . ,. Sir J. Pauncefote .. .. (Telegraphic) To Sir J. Pauncefote . . Sir J. Pauncelote .. ,. (Telegrapliic) Colonial Oflict ,, •» II Sir J. Pauncefote , It If To Sir J. Pauncefote Sir J. Pauncefote . . Colonial Office 4. To Sir J. Pauncefote To Colonial Office., Colonial Office ., Sir J. Pauncefote . . To Colonial Office. Nov. 30, 1889 Dec. fi, 7, 12, 10, U, 12, 1?, 14, 16, 16, 17, 17. 17. 18, 18, 13, 26, 26, 1.6, Jan. 10, 18. 9, 23, S8, SO, £1, Feb. I, [128J li-yo 6, 6, 8. 10, SUB.rECT. :Pape Refers !o No. SO?. Report of Commiltce of Privy ' Council of Canada aigiiin^ against iilea tiiat a 1 close season is of pressing reressily, and inclosing statements of practical hunters, wi;h history of | Canadian scaling inli-rests .. Hope a speedy settlement will be arrived at Send« certain proposals as bases of possible negotia- tion, for opini in .. .. .. Mr. Blaine's views on :'' 1 proposals. They do not furnish a possible ba I s .. Telegram from Canada givin;.' .lews of Government as to conditions of negoiialii'n . . . . Acknowledges No. 2S0. Matter receiving eniicsl consideration Refers to No. 23'. Despfttches from Canada for- warding claims of "Juaniti " nnd • I'athfimler , in detail , . Telegram to Canada (^caiiiuilalini^ points in No. 252.. Canadian reply to above. General concurrence, to avoid delay .. .. . . General remarks on above. The negotiations might now commence, the wishes of Canada being con- sulted ., .. .. .. Acknowledges No. 255. The claims therein will be considered with others .. .« .. Answers No. 252. Gives substance of Canadian reply in No. 257 .. Substance of No. 258. To make a formal con;- nninication to United States' Govtrnment in its sense , . , , . , . . t opy of above Receipt invite Russian partieipation.. .. •. Russian Minister will take part •• Minnifl " — claim for compennation, thus completing the list for I8S9 ., First informal meetin>r. Submits area propond by Mr. Blaine and M. Strove .. ,. Copy of above, for opinion . , , . . . Remarks on No. 2'it3. Sir J. Pauncefote should confer with Mr. Tupper .. ■ .. Answers No. '2!jG, Consult Mr. Tupper . Memorandum by Mr. Ulainu of his views on arbi- tration question ,. .. .. Russian (iovernment said to have renewed the Alaska Commercial Company's lease of Russian Seal Islands m Hehring Sea .. .Approves language in No. 280.. .. ., tiemarks on Nos. 280 and 300. Important to know Canadian views . . Refers to Nos. 280 and 266. Copy of No. 303 . . Further informal cunvurantion with Mr. lilainc and .\Ir. Tupper .. .. . . Fur-seal Islands said to have been leased to Amei'icun Commercial Company at large increase . . .. .. .. . . Acknowledges receipt of No. 288 Ne)>otiatlon8 come to deadlock owing to diflercnce of cpinioii about a close season . . . . , . Approves proceedings reported in No. 305 .. Forwards srhediiiu of claims for compensation received from Canada . . . . Copy of No. 308. Propose to wait .. . Usual I'roclamation as to IKIiring Sea fisheries about to issue , . . . Refers to No. 303. Report of first formal meeting, Has ]ir 'pared a draft scheme wliicli Mr. Tupper has takeu to Canada for considera tion ., .Article from " Tribune," of Now York, headed " Ritilil. in Dehring Sea" .. Approves principle of draft Convention referred to iu No. 313 . . . . . . Answers No. 311, Agree to wait ., ,. Newspaper extract relative to detention of the " Pullitlnder " at Portland on charge connected with her last year's arrest. Her release by order of Treasury . . . . Telek^ram from Canada giving first impressions of draft Convention . Canada nceupls draft with sniigesled modifications.. Result of interview with Mr. I upper on his return from Caiia la. Submits fresh draft Correspondence relating to the fisheries as received from Mr. lilaine, inuludiug evidence of United States' experts and counter-evidence turnishud by Mr. Tupper .. •. •• .. lias received Canadian amendments to draft Coiivuntion, and jiroposes submitting it to Con- furenos . • . , • • t • • ■ Page 405 4(15 407 107 407 407 •108 408 408 408 409 409 413 412 413 413 413 414 414 41S 415 415 410 416 417 417 417 418 419 419 420 431 421 131 422 428 423 423 453 TABLE OF CONTENTS. Xl No. Name. Date. Subject. Png. 323 Sir J. Pauncefote . (Telegraphic) Apr. 30, 1890 Has sent in draft Convention .. 453 324 i> >. •• 25, Refers to No, 304. Views of Canada a% to proce- dure in regard to arbitration and assessment of damages 454 325 To Colonial Office. . May 5, Copy of aboTe. for remarks 454 326 Sir J. Pauncetbte . . Apr. 29, Copy of letter to Mr Hl.iine fending in draft Con- vention as approved by Canadian Ouverniiient. Send» copy of it 455 327 Colonini OfKoe May 8, Answt-rji No. 325. Criticisms on No. 324 459 328 To Sir J. Pauncefnte 8, What doe^ Air. Blaine say to draft sent home in (Telegraphic) No. 3i6? 460 329 Sir J. Pauncefote (Telegraphic) 8, Answers above. .Mr. Blaine maintains silence. May he say the draft is apiiroved by Her Ma- jesty's (iovernmeni '• 460 330 To Sir J. Pauncefote (Telegraphic) 9, Answers aluve in affirmative ,. 460 331 •1 >» • • 9, Answers No. 324. Copy of No. 327. To consult Mr. Tiipper in first piate .. .. 460 332 » >» • • 10, Approves note in No. 32b 461 333 Sir J. Pauncefote . . ( Telegraphic) H. Itefers to No. 329. Mr. Blaine dees not accept draft ill present form, but thinks it offers a basis 461 334 It »» "• (Telegraphic) 11, Answers No. .331. Ha« prepared draft Arbitration A|;reenii'nt, wiiirh Mr. T.ipper will take to Canada for approval 461 335 ti If • • • . (Telegraphic) H, Mr. 1 upper not (-one. Draft sent by post .. 461 336 To Sir J. Pauncefote ,. 22. Answers No. 272. Statu views of Her Majesty's Goierno'ent in roply to United Stales' arguments in support of Sfizures 462 337 Sir J. Pauncefote .. (Telegraphic) 92, British cnunier-proposals rejected. Orders given to revenue-cruizer to 137, and details conversation with Mr. Blaine ., ., 473 347 It M « • • 28, Note to Mr. Blaine fonncleil on No. 3^19 ,. ,, 473 348 To Sir J. Paunrefote Juuo 3, British sealers have already started, lo cannot now ('IVIi'gra|ihic', be slopped ( see No. 344) 47S 349 Sir J. Puunccfolti (Tu)»(rrni.hic,i T, Giles siilistiince of a long note elicited by statement (see No, 344; that Her Majesty's Oovernment eaniiol «top sealers, in which President s n gret is expressed at action of Her Majesty's (iovern- nieiit. Has declined lo eoiitinno corrcfpondeiice pfiidipi; inslriieti.ins . . . . ,, 473 350 N n (Tclogrnphic) h Propoied intvrvivw with Mr. Ulaiiic put oil' 474 [128] t» TABLE OF CONTENTS; No. 351 3.)-.' 853 854 I 355 35(3 t" 307 <35>S :3S9 360 .361 3(i-J 36:i Name. 3fi« 'I'o Sir .1. I'aiiiifofotc Sir .1. Painici't'ote .. (Telegraphic) nVleiirapliic) Ml .1. 1 .miicefotp (Tpli'{>ra|iliic) .Sir I. I'liuini'lolo . (Telegraphic) I'o Sir ,1. I'aiiiiccColp (Telegraphic) (Telegraphic) Sir .1. PamicoCote .. ' Colonial OfTice Sir .1. I'aiuicerdte .864 I Colonial Oflicc 365 Adniiraltv Dale. To Sir J. I'unnccible 3)18 I Sh .1. Pinncefole (Telegraphic) 3C!) To Sir J. PaunceCotc 37" 871 I (Telegraphic) 37'J ' Colonial Ollice .. Sir .1. I'auiici'lote .173 374 To Sir J. I'aunid'ole (Teleginphic) Sir J. I'auneefol'.' .. .. •lone 7, 181)0 May -20. 30. June 10, 10, 11, II. 1, l'.>, 12, 3, 13, 6, 17, 1!), 20, '20, 21. •-'1, 10. •J5, ao, 26, .'illy I, M'B.IKCT. Answers Xo. ;i49. Expliiiiis positi (iuvorninent in regaitl to sealers, ami reailinc-s to iie^iotiatc for flo-^e seasitn Itelirs to No. 'H7, Mr. lilaine acknowlciiges notice of (brniil protest Hoters to No. '-Jo. Sends copy of note in which ilialt ("oiiveiilion is lejecled liy Un*sia ami tile l.'niteil States ,, ' ' .. Inleriieu with Mr. lihilne, wlio ileclines to give form.il assurance as t' (Ici\eiinnent to exelnde l)riti>h se.ileis ? If so. Honld they issue I'roclaniation on cendiiions as to compentiation inr nast and pro- spe.'iive li.ini.-iijnn i , . .\nsvvers aliove. .Seiions difficulties; l>nt if I'rocla- niation were issued, would I 'lilted .Sfites' (jovein- meiit iMjree to speeilied coiniitioiis •• (lives relish form in wiiieii I'roclanialion iniylil run, if issued Tlie United Stales" (loveriiimiit havii.j suggested that a I'roel.iniation exeliidin^- sealers tor this scasiMI slioiiM he issued, he has ri plied that it is iinpossilile. Copies ot correspondence . Claim Croiii owners of '• Pathfinder" for Iter deten- tion in NeiiL'ii liny in .March last (s^e No. 31") liefers to N'os. .'i4!) ,iiid .'ilil. Cdrresnomlence with Mr. lihiim^ on sniiject of proposed exihision of sealiTs Kxtract from .Animal Hcpnrt for ISSf of Caiiadinn iliiiisier of Marine :oul Kisheiies Lelters from Captain llnltoii,ol Her Majesty's ship " .Aniphioii," giving names id' llriii.-h sealers, their owners, .^c, and their piolialile iniiveiiients llelers to So. 3ou. l\xidaiiis, hv copies of corre- spondence, &c,, positicm of llcr .Majesty's (jovern- nieni III regird to the negiitiatinns of tile spring of IHss, and corrects impressions received by Air, lilalni' as to any forinal I'ugagcuiciit having then hecii uiveil Approves note in No. 3(11 Newspaper teleirrams repen'linir thai United Sl;ites' Weveiiiie criii:'.ers have not vet lelt for Dclinng Sea Apinoves note ill No. 3(13. Keinaiks on an ohser- vatioii liv Mr. Plnlps in IMSS us to elecliotieeriiig dillleiiUii's in way ol'lliiii eoiielnding uegotiatim.H liefers to No 3.0,i. Copy of Meiiinruiidnin given to .Mr. lllaine eitplainmg inubiliiy of Her iNlujesty's (iovcrnieeiit to stop seulers ,. ,, lii'lcrs to No. 3.)!). ,ilay he send in ofliclul note rormnliitiiig I'ondilinns in regard to inHUe of a I'roelain ition '( . . .Minute hy Canadiiiu I'livy Council recoinmetidinu that iin assiirame lie itought lliut seulem will not lie interfered with . , , Kntirely cmiciirs in proposal in No. 371 .. Copy of iieli> from Mr. lllaine In answer to urgii- iiienls in .No. 3iia, und cluiins thoin for the United .Slate), and again askn liy what right and on what groondu tlie present aeliou of llcr Miiji'.sIv'h Odvcriiimiil is defended ? .. Page 474 474 475 47H 479 47!) 480 480 480 481 481 482 484 486 486 491 493 4!13 403 49'4 4posc3 Nn. 47(< 479 473 480 480 480 481 481 4S2 4S4 4S6 488 37.'; ;i7fi .■177 ;!7H V!) 38U ;i.sj 382 Sir J. Pauiictt'ote (Telcgiapliii;) (Tclograpliic) To Sir J. I'aiiiicefote , . Subject. fage Mr. lilnine will conrume negotiations at Har Har- i •>onr . . ., .. .,' 506 Refers to No. S.'i?. Copy of protest sent in on 14tli, | and of note covurinp it . . . . . . j 506 Scuds article from " Now York Herald " purporting ' to yive authoritative version of the story of the negotiations ,. .. .. ..i 508 Copy of note to Mr. Blaine fonndcd on authority ' given in No. ;i73 . . . . , . .| 510 Uesoliition adopted in Mousi.' of Itepresentatives for i piiblisliing corresponilence ,, ,, .,! gu Approves note in No. .T7S .. ., ..'sil Approves note in No. 37(i ., .. .. 512 Acliiiu.vledges No. 374. Replies at length to the ' arguiuenls deduced from al!e(;ed Russian riglits of jnrisdiclion over Uehring Sea. Quotes American contentions dating from 1822, opinions of puhli- cists as to limits of maritime jurisdiction, and diplomatic documents of 1822, 1823, and IS24. Her Majesty's Government are ready, if neces- sary, to refer to arbitration (|uestion of legality of recent captures, witli the issues that depend "PO" it .. ».. .. .. ■ ..' 512 491 493 41)3 4!)3 40'4 494 .4US Me 497 Sir ]ai( res Ste be inf( Sir het fro res Re (T. "C kill wit Sir of the 1 -.. Correspondence respecting tl>e Behring Sea Seal Fisheries 1880-90. No. 1. Colonial Office to Foreign Office. — {Received September 1.) Sir, Downing Street, September 1, 1886, I AM directed by the Secretary of State for the Colonies to transmit to you, to be laid before the Earl of Iddesleigh, a copy of a letter from the Admiralty, with its inclosure, respecting the alleged seizure of three British Columbian seal schooners by the United States' Revenue cruizer " Corwin." I am to suggest, for the consiaciation of Lord Idrleslcigh, tliat the matter should be brought before the United States' Government, with the view of obtaining further information on the subject. I am, &c. (Signed) R. H. MEADE. Inclosure 1 in No. 1. Admiralty to Colonial Office. Sir, Admiralty, August 20, 1886. I AM commanded by my Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty to transmit herewith, for the perusal of the Secretary of State, a telegram which has been received from the Commander-in-chief on the Pacific Station, dated at Victoria, 24th instant, respe ,. , the seizure of three British Columbian seal schooners by the United States* Revenue cruizer " Corwin." I am, &c. (Signed) K. D. AWDRY. Inclosure 2 in No. 1. \Rear-Admiral Sir M. Culne-Seymour to Admiralty. (Telegraphic.) ^ Victoria, August 24, 1880. THREE British Columbian seal schooners seized [byj United States' llevinue cruizer "Corwin," Behring's Straits, seaward 70 miles from off the land [? in the execution olj killing female seals, and using tire-arms to do it, which tliev have done for three years without interference, although in company with " Corwin." No. 2. The Earl of Iddesleigh to Sir L. West, ^"' imiAKT Foreign Office, September d, IBfiG. I TRANSMIT to you herewith a copy of a letter from the Colonial Otfice, and of «• inclosure, respecting the ailegod seizure of three British Columbian seal schooners by the United States' Revenue cruixer "Corwin ;"• and I have to instruct you to address a [128] • N*. 1. B communication to the United States' GoTernment asking to be furnished with any particulars which they may posBCfis relative to this occurrence. I am, &c. (Signed) IDDESLEIGH. No. 3. Colonial Office to Voreiijn Office. — {Received Heptemher 27.) Sir, Downing Street, September 25, 1880. WITH reference to the capture of Canadian sealing schooners in Bohring's Sea by the United States' Revenue cruizcr " Corwin," I am directed by Mr. Secretary Stanhope to transmit to you, to be laid before the Earl of Iddesleigli, a telegram from the Officer administering the Government of the [dominion, togctlier with a copy of a letter from the Admiralty, with its inclosures, «n the subject. I am to state that, in Mr. Htanhopc's opinion, the case is one in which a protest should be made to the United Htatcs' Government, accompanied by a demand for compensation, and that Sir L, West nii^ht be instructed to make such protest and demand, if, upon inquiry, he ascertains that the United States' Government maintain the pretension raised by the seizure of these vcgRcIs on the high seas. I am, &c. (Signed) JOHN BRAMSTON. Iiiclosure 1 in No. .'$. Adminintrat'tr Lord A. E. Rii,ssell to ^fr. Stanhope. (Telegraphic.) Seplemhcr 2'2, 1830. THE Canadian scbnonerK "Thornton," " Onward " and " Carolina" were seized on tiie Ist August in Beliring's Sea by the United .States' cutter "Corwin." Tiie captain and mate of the "Thornton" were tried in the Oi.strict Court of the United States vt Sitka on the 30th August. It was attenipttd to «how that the " Thornton " was seized 'ir killing seal about 70 miles .«outh-soutb-eatTt of St. George's l!>lan(l, within that portioi; of Behring's Sea ceded by Russia to tiie United States. The Judge, in ebar^ing the jury, fpiotcd Article I of the Treaty of the 30th JIarch, 1867, between the United Slate** and Russia, and affirmed that all waters within the bo'-ndary set forth in the Trc.ity to the western end of the Aleutian Archipelago and Tsitiiids were to be deemed American, and that the penalties of the Law against the killing of fur-hearing animals were to attach to its violation within the limits in (picstion. 'I'he jury were told, if they believed th'- evidcne*; as to the killing of any fur-liearing animals by the accused on tlic Alaskan coant or in Behring's Sea, east of the lO^h'd degree of west longitude, to find them guilty. The prisoners were foimd guilty. The master of the " Thornton " was fined .'iOO dollars and sentenced to imprisormient for thirty flays. The mate was fined .'500 dollars and sentenced to thirty days' itnpriMMinient. The offieerM of the other two vessels were also tried, and similar penalties irnpoM'd upon them. The Government of Canada protects against tlie claim of the United States to the sole sovereignty over Behring's Seu, 700 mi'ns east of the westerly boundary of Alaska, defined by the above-mer Joficd Article I of the Treaty of the .'{Oth March, 1807, as contrary to the admitted |irincipleH of international law, and also in opposition to the United States' contention concerning common waters on the coast of the Atlantic. It protests also against the iinMarrantcd and arbitrary interference of the authorities of the United States with the |)eace«ble and lawful occupation on the high seas of Camidian citizens, as well as agaiuKt the forfeiture of their property and the indignity of imprisonment which have been imposed u|>on them. The foregoing facts have also been co>"^unicatcd *« Sir Lionel We»t. Al ^.Ul,^■K■^ > n; i Jnclosure 2 in No. 3. Admiralty to Qolonial Office. • in ...» JSf, .- -- -r ' ■■ . ., , ' : Admiralty, September 2Q, 1886, I AM commanded by my Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty to transmit to you, m 'ivixmaA, for the perusal of the Secretary of State for the Colonies, a letter from the CAWMW*Bder-in-chief on the P.icific Station, dated the 25th August, respecting the seizure I'/lfcfcft sMiinu schooners by tlie United States' Revenue cruizer "Corwin," on the plea tdfk^r killinar female seals, I xm ff) ref|uesf that these papers may be sent to the Foreign Office, to be returned to tAw> lAt{it»rtment when done with. : I am, &c. (Signed) EVAN MACGRFGOR. • Inclosure 3 in No. .3. Renr-Admiral Sir M. Culme-Seymour to Admiralty. iSr, " Triumph," at Esqnimalt, August 25, 1880, I7i confirmation of my telegram of the 2,')rd instant, I iiave the honour to inform ffMfi^ the particulars, as far as I can nt present ascertain tiieni, of tlie seizure of the Ubiw <<»alinji schooners by the United States* Revenue cruizer " Corwin," a small screw »(l(»:»WM»r, The <«chooners are : — "Thornton," auxiliary screw, 22 tons. Captain J. D, Warren, owner. Tarolina," sailing, .'{2 tons, William Munsie, owner. . ... ...u ** Onward," sailing, M.") tons, W. Spring, owner, ABJ l'i«»l«-)nafing to Victoria, British Columbia. The schooner wiiich was seized nearest to land was !)0 miles from St, George l*hiMK tlw other two rather further off. All three were towed by tlie "Corwin'" to '>vA!*J«Hka, the captain and one man retained on board, and the remainder .>f the «»i»\» '^'^nr In San Francisco by a steamer going there, when they were set free, and sent '* t^tf: at the expense of the owners, arriving on the night of the 22nd instant. Th*>ir arrival at San Fram isco was the first we heard of the schooners being seized. Jtothin? h.ns been disturbed on board the sclio iners, except that the arms and ^iMmiiifvition have been seized, and sufficient provision for the crew on their jjassai^e to ■fewn f rancisco taken, 2, There are ten other sealing schooners from TV **a»nn is from about the 1st .July to the end ol ^i'>ft»!>ly on thfir way here, and may be expectctl to TSufr -ttvMtion of whether they should be protected or not does not, therefore, at present litrtf year there were two schooners from here in the Behriiig's Sea, and I am assured nlW^'orwin " spoke tliein four or five times without interfering. Ift l.'''*4 only one schooner was there. The success of these has caused tiiirlecn to W frffcft out this season. 3, I inclose copies of the following as bearing on the subject : — (t,y l..ett.pr fioin captain of "Thornton " to owner. , , f2.) I.etrer (Vott\ captniu of "(Carolina" to owner, (/*.> I.«ff,er from .Mr, Houtwell, Secretary United States' Treasury, (i.) A warning (lublished in San Kraneisco |)apcrs and copied into British Columbian CS,) letter and telegrams between Mr, Lubbe and Mr. Crow-Baker, M.P. for (fr.) A letter from the .\nierican newspaper "Orcgonian."* f h.ul hopfd to have inclosed a copy of tlic lease Iroin tlie United States to the Alaska O.^imirrial Company, and a copy of the depositions of the crews on arrival at Victoria, iWl the: r.nly copy of the lease in Victoria, as also the dc|iosilions, have been taken away *,(jr ithi» Honoiirnhle (J. E, Foster, Canadian Minister of Marine and Fisheries, wiio was here Mb fhi* j:]r(\, .irul left jestcrday morning, I have telegraphed to hiui for copies, and will Hnmittfi them as soon as received. • Not printed. Victoria in the Behring's Sea. Auf,'ust. If p.ol seized, they are arrive tlu- middle of September. 4. I would call attention to the Treaty concerning the cession of the Russian poBSf^gsions in North America to the United States, concluded 30th March, 1867, as also to the Convention ttetween Great Britain and Russia, signed 16th (28th) Februar}*, 1825, and beg to make the following observations : — An American Company, called the " Alaska Commercial Company," have a lease from the United States, dated 1^70, of the Islands of St. Paul and St. George for twenty years, with the right to kill 100,0(/> seals annually on the islands and " waters adjacent," A United States' officer is stationed on these islands to see the terms of the lease properly carried out, and the "Corwin" is also there for this purpose. By the terms of the lease, firc-urms are not lo be used U) kill the seals, nor may female seals or seals under one year old be killed. 5. It would apjiear by IncU^urc No, i* that the United States claim the whole of the Behring's Sea, bounded on the south by tlic Aleutian Islands, and, as laid down in the Treaty of 1867, as Amcricfin tenitorj'. It would seem impossible to sustain this, for it would appear to be the " high sea," and not Russia's to cede, and this line mentioned in the Treaty only uicant to include the islands within it, and not the sea. I beg to draw sjiccial attention to the letter from Mr, Boutwell in 1872 (Inclosure No, 3).t Mr, Boutwell wag then the United States' Secretary to the Treasury, and he distinctly states his Government could not interfere oeyond a marine league from the shore. Mr. Boutwell wa^, I am told, greatly instrumental in procuring the lease of St. Paul and St. George for the Alaska Commercial Company, and was therefore interested in excluding sealing vessels from tlx IJehring's Sea. 6. I may mention tbat female seals cannot be distinguished from males when killed asleep on the water at sea ; the seals killed by the Alaska Conmiercial Company are all clubbed oil land, when the diflerence of sex can be easily seen ; but that does not really affect the (juestion as I view if, which is simply whether tlie Behring's Sea is the " high sea," or not. If, as I take it, IJehring's Sea is tiic " high sea," I presume no vessel fishing there can be legally interfered with. 7. The " San iJiego" referred to in Inclosures 1 and 2| is an American schooner, and was taken and confiscated, I am informed, for landing and killing 500 seals on land, contrary to United States' law. 8. Indosuie .0,§ from a gentleman in Victoria interested in sealing, and the telegraphic answers, siiow that the owners of the schooners sent them up with their eyes open, and were aware they ran a risk of being seized. y. Inclosure O'f is a letter in an American newspaper, the " Oregonian," published at Portland, Oregon, and shows the view taken by many Americans on the subject. I have, &c. (Signed) M. CULME-SEYMOUR. P.S. Port Moody, Auijunt 5:7, 1880. — The depositions alluded to having just arrived, I inclose them. M. C-S. Inclosure 4 in No. 3. Cnjititin II. (iullermiinn [?j to Captain J. D. Warren. Sir, Hihtjoner " Thornton" in Port Ilioluk, Ounalaska, August 7, 1880. AS this is my first opportunity to let you know that on the 1st August ut o P.M. — my position 5.0" 4.''/ north latitude, I(i8''4-I' west longitude— having on board 403 seal-skins, all well on board, when United States' Revenue cutter "Corwin" placed an officer on board, took arms and aiiMmiiiition, took us in tow. At 8 p.m. stopped nnd took schooner "Carolina" in tow. August 2 at A.M. stopjicd and took schooner "Onward. At noon latitude 54 30', longitude 1(57" IS'. At 8-40 I'.M. brought us to anchor in above-mentioned port ; took all the boats from the schooner; put u watchman on board from the cutter. August 3. At 9 A.M. an ofhccr from the cutter came on board nnd took the ship's papers. August 4. An oflicer from the cutter returned one boat, and gave four of the crew liberty to go on shore from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m., at the discretion of me. • tJf» Incisure 7 in No. 3. J 8et IncluMir' S in No 3, f 8m Incloiiire in No. 3. I H«c Inrloiurc 9 in No. 3. ^ Sre Tnclofiiret 4 and S in No. 8, ^ See Ini'loiure 9 in No. 3. August 5, Nothing done to remark. . ' .- i' " August 6. Ditto. August 7. At 9 A.M. an officer from tlie cutter came on board ; took some provisions from the schooner. At 3 p.m. took ten men, and are going to be sent to San Francisco immediately with steamer " San Paule," as leaves just now. " San Diego " is seized and stripped here. I iiave put in my protest. My latest news from tiie rest of Victoria schooners is ** doing well." I know not more just now, and remain, youre, &c. (Signed) H. GUTfERMANN [?]. My protest is as follows : — " i, H. Gutterman [?], master of British schooner 'Thornton,' do hereby declare that 1 do not know wherein I have violated the laws of the United States or other nations in taking seiils beyond the usual limit of 3 leajjues [? miles] from shore within Behring's Sea, and 1 therefore enter this my solemn protest against the action of the United States' authorities in seizing tiiis the vessel under my command, together with the seal-skins composing cargo." (Excuse haste.) H. G. Inclosure 5 in No. '.i. Captain J. Ogilvie to Mr. IV. Munsie. Dear Sir, Ounalaska, August 6, 1880. THE United States' steamer "Corwin " boarded and took charge of the schooner in latitude 55° .50' north, longitude 168' .13' west. They took all the tire-arms from the schooner. I asked why they did so. They said for killing female seals and carrying fire- arms. Tliey towed the " Thornton " and '• Onward " in at the same time. I have got 680 seal-skins on board, "Thornton" 401', "Onward "700. I have heard nothing of the " Pathfinder" in the Behring's Sea ; siie was seen off" Sitka coming up. It was on the 1st August, at 6 I'.M., they took charge of the schooner. The American schooner " San Diego" is in here, they are taking all her skins and sails on shore; .500 skins. Your, &c. (Signed) JAMES OGILVIE. Inclosure 6 in No. 3. Mr. Boulwell to Mr. Phelps. Sir, Treasury Department, Washington, April 19, 1872. YOUR letter of the 25th ultimo was duly received, calling the attention of the Department to certain rumours circulating in San Francisco to the effect that expeditions nre to start from Australia and the Hawaiian Islands to take fur-seals on their annual migration to the Islands of St. Paul and St. George, through the narrow pass of Unrnark. You recommend, to cut ofi" the responsibility of evil resulting to the interest of the United States from these expeditions, that a Revenue cutter be sent to the region of Unmark Pass, by the 16th May next. A very full conversation was had with Captain Bayant upon this subject while he was at the Department, and he convinced it to be entirely impracticable to make such an expedition a paying one, inasmuch as the seals go singly or in pairs, and not in droves, and cover a large region of water in their homeward travel to these islands, and be did not seem to fear that the seals would be driven from their accustomed resorts, even were such attempts made. In addition, I do not sec that the United States would have the jurisdiction or power to drive off' parties going up there fur that purpose, unless they made such attempt within a marine league of the shore. As at present advised, I do not think it expedient to carry out your suggestion, but I will thank you to communicate to the Department any further facts or information you may be able to gather upon the subject. I am, &c. (Signed) GEO. S. BOUT WELL, Secretary. 4 IncIoBure 7 in No. 8. ••' -r- . i -■ . ,"', . , <:.v '■■'' ■ !■ ■• . Extract from the " Daily British Colonist" of April 6, 1886. .\ ^ •■ :■;<- Alaska Seal Catching. — The story goes that some poachers were fitting oat id San Francisco to kill seals on the Federal preserves in Alaskan waters. To warn all such parties Secretary Manning addressed the following note to Collector Hager : — "Sir, " Treasury Department, March 16, 1886. " I transmit herewith, for your information, a copy of a letter addressed by the Department on the 12th March, 1881, to D. A. D'Ancona, concerning the jurisdiction of the United Stales in the waters of the Territory of Alaska, and the prevention of the killing of fur-seals and other fur-bearing animals within such areas, as prescribed by Chapter .5, Title 23 of the Revised Statutes. The attention of your predecessor in office was called to this subject on the 4lh April, 1881. This communication is addressed to you, inasmuch as it is understood tiiat certain parties at your port contemplate tiie fitting out of expeditions to kill fur-seals in these waters. You are requested to give due publicity to such letters, in order that such p irlies may be informed of the construction placed by this Department upon the provision oi' law referred to. " Respectfully yours, (Signed) " D. Manning, Secretary. " Collector of Customs, San Francisco." Upon reference to back files we find the full explanation of this note in the letter referred to, which is as follows : — " Sir, " Treasury Department, March 12, 1881. " Your letter of the 19th ultimo, requesting certain information in regard to the meaning placed by this Department upon the Law regulating the killing of fur-bearing animals in the Territory of Alaska, was duly received. " The Law prohibits the killing of any fur-bearing animals, except as otherwise therein provided, within the limits of Alaska Territory, or in the waters thereof, and also prohibits ihc killing of any fur-seals on the Islands of St. Paul and St. George, or in the waters adjacent thereto, except during certain months. "You inquire in regard to the interpretation of the terms ' waters there' and 'waters adjacent thereto,' as used in the Law, and how far the jurisdiction of the United States is to be understood as extending. " Presutning your inquiry to relate more especially to the waters of Western Alaska, you are informed that the Treaty with Russia of the .30th March, 1870,* by which the Territory of Alaska was ceded to the United States, defines the boundary of the territory so ceded. This Treaty is found on pp. 671 to 673 of the volume of Treaties of the Revised Statutes. It will be seen, therefore, that the limit of the cession extends from a line starting from the Arctic Ocean, and running through Behring's Strait to the north of St. Lawrence Islands. "The line runs thence in a south- westerly direction, so as to pass midway between the Island of Attou and Copper Island of the Konnansborski Couplet or Group of the North Pac fie Ocean, to meridian of 173° west longitude. All the waters within that boundary to the western end of the Aleutian Archipelago and chain of islands are considered as comprised within the waters of Alaska Territory. " All the i^cnalties prescribed by law against the killing of fur-bearing animals would therefore attach against any violation of law within the limits before described. " Very respectfully, >• ' ' " ' (Signed)' " H.F. FREl^CU. Actiny Secretary. ■■ "D, A. D'Ancona, 717, O'Farrell Street, San Francisco, California." All parties arc warned that the rule laid down by the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States in 1881, and reartirmed in the note of Secretary Manning to the Collector of this port of date of the IGth March, 1886, will be rigidly enforced against all who attempt to poac'ii upon the Federal preserve by killing seals within its limits, tiiere laid down and defined, in the waters of Alaska. F'rom that preserve the Federal Govern- ment derives revenue, and its lessee is entitled to the protection proffered by the note of the Secretary referred to. • ; 1SC7. v!.r:,ih:';i v,«: ' ' Inclosure 8 in No. 3. Mr. F. Lubhe to Mr. E. Crow-Baker, M.P. Dear Sir, Victoria, British Colombia, March 30, 1 886. THE inclosed clipping explains itself. The question I wish to ask you is. Can the United States claim the easterly half of Behring's Sea as American waters ? The British schooners " Mary Ellen," " Favourite," " Onward," " Grace," " Dolphin, "Anna Beck," " Wm. P. Sayward," " Mary Taylor," "Carolina," "Alfred Adams," and "Active" intend to follow the seals into Behring's Sea at the e id of the seal-tishing season off the British Columbia coast, say the 20th May next. These schooners would spear and shoot seals upon the high seas, and have no occasion to go within 30 miles of any land. You are aware that the British schooner " Mary Kllen " has already made two successful voyages to tiie Behring's Sea; the "Favourite" made also a successful voyage during 1885. Both these vessels were spoken by an American Revenue cruizer in Behring's Sea last summer, but not in any way molested. Would it not be well for you to obtain from the Minister of Marine in Ottawa a written opinion, and, further, would you be good enough to communicate to me the substance of such opinion by wire ? ^ Flease act promptly, and oblige yours, &c. '- • -.••<• ' • (Signed) F. LUBBE. Warning to Seal Hunters. Tile Treasury Department, having become informed that certain parties are fitting out expeditions for the purpose of killing fur-seals and other fur-bearing animals in Alaska waters, gives the following information to parties concerned, as to how far the jurisdiction of the United States extends in the matter. The Treaty with Russia of the JSOth March, 1870, by which the Territory of Alaska was ceded to the United States, defines the boundary of the territory so ceded. It will be seen therefrom that the limit of the cession extends from a line starting from the Arctic Ocean and running through Behring's Straits to the north of St. Lawrence Islands. The line ruus thence in a south-westerly direction, so as to pass midway between the Island of Attou and Cooper Island, of tlie Kroinanboski couplet or group, in the North Pacific Ocean, to meridian 1 7^" west longitude. All the waters w ithin that boundary to the western end of the Aleutian Archipelago and chain of islands arc considered as comprised within the waters of Alaska Territory. All the penalties prescribed by law against the killing of fur-bearing animals would therefore attach against any violation of law within the limits described. " ' : Mr. A. Crow-Baker to Mr. F. Lubbe. (Telegraphic.) ■• • Your matter progressing expeditiously as possible Minister Justice. Will advise you when decision is reached Referred by April 20. Council to ' '•• Mr. E. C. Roubotham to Mr. F. Lubbe. (Telegraphic.) 3/«y 30. Minister Justice gives opinion in your favour and against American contention. He has recommended attention of Imperial Government being called to the subject in order that views of Canadian Government be then sustained and enforced. Inclosure in No. 'h Declarations. I, WILLIAM MUNSIE, of Vicioria, grocer, do solemnly and sincerely declare that I am sole owner of the schooner " Carolina," and she has a Canadian register, having been registered at the port of Victoria. The vessel and her outfit at the time she left for a Behring's Sea was 7,000 dollars, and I make this solemn declaration, conscientiously believing the same to be true, by virtue of the Act passed in the 37th year of Her Majesty's reign, intituled " An Act for the Suppression of Voluntary and Extra-judicial Oaths." (Signed) WM. MUNSIE. Taken and declared before me at Victoria, this 23rd August, 1886. (Signed) M. W. Tirwhitt Drake. J.P. I, Thomas McLaedy, of Victoria, British Columbia, cook, do solemnly and sincerely declare that 1 was engaged as cook on board the Britisii schooner " Carolina," and I was on board when the United States' steamer " Corwin " seized her. During the whole time the said schooner was sealing she never sighted land once. After she was seized the " Corwin " took her in tow about, 6 oclock in the evening, and about 3 o'clock in the morning the English schooner " Onward," of tiie tonnage 35'20 tons, was also seized and taken in tow to Ounalaska. Her crew were left on board and not removed to Sai Francisco ; she had seal-skins on board. And I make this solemn declaration, conscif tiously believing the same to be true, by virtue of the Act passe:! in the 37tli year of Hi Majesty's reign, intituled " An Act for the Suppression of Voluntary and Extra-judicial Oaths." (Signed) T. McLAEDY. Taken and declared before me this 23rd August, 1886, at Victoria, Biitish Columbia. (Signed) M. W. Tyrwhitt Drake, J.P. I, Edward Shields, of Sooke District, Vancouver Island, a hunter, engaged on board the British schooner " Carolina," of 31'0O registered tonnage, do solemnly and sincerely declare that I left Victoria on board the aforesaid schooner on tiie 20th May, 1886, bound on a voyage to Behring's Sea for the purpose of sealing. The schooner was fitted out for this purpose. She had eleven hands on board, including the master, by name James Ogilvie. We sailed to Behring's Sea and commenced sealing on the 16th June, and at that time we were about 300 miles from land, and we continued cruizing about for seals, and up to the time the Uniteii States' vessel " Corwin " seized us we had 686 seals. During the whole time we were cruizing about we were in the open sea, out of sight of any land. The seals we obtained were chiefly females. At the time the " Corwin " seized us on the 1st August we were out of sight of land and in latitude .55* 60' north, longitude 168° 63' west, as 1 was informed and verily believe. There were other vessels, both American and English, cruizing about in the same neighbourhood. VVe never killed a seal in the neighbourhood of the Aleutian Islands. 1 was away in the boats when the " Corwin " seized the vessel, and when I came back I found the " Carolina " in tow of the " Corwin." The captain of the " Corwin," Abbey by name, took away all the fire-arms, consisting of rifles and shot-Kuns, ten in ail, and I was taken to Ounalaska, and from there 1 was taken to San Francisco by the steamer "St. Paul," and there turned adrift. The "Carolina" was left at Ounalaska with the seals and outfit, and I make this solemn declaration, conscientiously believing the same to be true, by virtue of the Act passed in the 37th year of Her Majesty's reign, intituled " An Act for the Suppression of Voluntary and Extra-judicial Oaths." (Signed) EDWARD SHIELDS. Taken and declared before mc at Victoria, this 23rd day of August, 1886, in due form of law. (Signed) M. W. Tyrwuitt Drake, J.P. 1, John Dallas, of Victoria, British Columbia, seaman, do solcnmly and sincerely declare tiiat I was engaged about the end of May 1 88fi as a seaman on hoard the schooner "Thornton," of '22-i,0 registered tonnage, registered in the Dominion ot Canada as a British vessel. I was engaged sealing on the west coast of Vancouver Isliind, and when the seals got scarce the "Thornton" left [? Clayoquot] Vancouver Island, for Behring's Sea about beginning of June, and three carold at any season of the year except as above providefl ; and it shall also be unlawful to kill any seal in the waters adjacent to the said islands, or on the beaches, cliffs, or rocks where they haul up from the sea to remain ; and any person who shall violate either of the provisions of this or the first section of this Act s'l.-ill be |)unished on conviction thereof' for each offence by a fine of siot less than 2».;,) dollars, nor more than 1,001) dollars, or by imprisonment not exceeding six mont'.is, or by such fine and imprisonment both at tiie discretion of the Court having jurisdiction, by taking cognizance of the ofl'cnce ; and all vessels, their tackle, apparel, and furniture, whose crew shall bo found enga!;e(l in the violation of any of the provisions of this Act, shall be forfeited to the Ifnited States. See. .'<. And be it further enacted, that for the period of twenty years from and after the passage of this Act the number of fur-seals which may he killed for fhiir skins upon the Island of St. Paul is hereby limited and restricted to 75,000 per annum ; and the number of fur-seals wl ' h may be killed for their skins upon the Island of St. (icorge is hereby limited and ie« jted lo 2.'"),00() per annum. Provided that the Secretary of the 'I'reasury may restrict and limit the right of killing if it shall become necessary for the |)reservation of such seals, with such proportionate reduction of the rents reserved to the Government as shall be right and pr(>|)cr, and if any person shall knowingly violate either of the |)rovisi()ns of this section, he shall, upon due conviction thereof, be punished in the same way as provided herein for a violation of the provisions of the first and scjcond sections of this Act. Sec. 4. And bo it further enacted, that immediately upon the passage of this Act the Secretary of the Treasury shall lease, for the rental mentioned in section (i of this Act, to proper and responsible parties, to the best advantage of the United Slates, having due regard to the interests of the Govermnent, the luifive inhabitants, the parlies licretoforc engaged in trade, und the protection of the seal fisheries, for a term of twenty * See Incluaure I in Nu, 1, am) Incluauro i in Nu. i*. 38 veRrs from the 1st day of May, 1870, the right to engage in the business of taking; fur* seiiis on the Islands of St. Paul and St. George, and to send a vessel or vessels to said islands for the skins of such seats, giving to the lessee or iehsees of said islands a lease, duly executed, in duplicate,, not transferable, and taking from the lessee or lessees of said islands a bond, with sufficient sureties, in a sum not less than r>OU, 000 dollars, conditioned for the faithful observance of all the laws and requirements of Congress, and of the Regulations of the Secretary of the Treasury touching the subject-matter of taking fur- seals and disposing of the same, and for the payment of all taxes and dues accruing to the United States connected therewitli ; and in making said lease the Secretary of the Treasury shall have due^ regard to the preservation of the seal-fur trade of said islands, and the comfort, mamtenance, and education of the natives thereof. The said lessees shall furnish to the several masters of vessels employed by them certified copies of the- lease held by them respectively, which shall be presented to the Governmeni itevcnue officer for the time being who may be in charge at the said islands as the auti\ority of the party for landing and taking skins. Sec. 6. And be it further enacted, that at the expiration of said term of twenty years, or on surrender or forfeiture of any lease, other leases may be made in manner aforesaid for other terms of twenty years; but no person other than American citixens shall be peraiittcd by lease or otherwise to occupy said islands or either of them, for the purpose of taking the skins of fur-seals therefrom, nor shall any foreign vessel be engaged in taking such skins, and the Secretary of tlie Treasury shall vacate and declare any lease fi)rfeited if. the same be held or operated for the use, benefit, or advantage, directly or indirectly, of any person or persons other than American citizens. Every lease shall contain a covenant on the part of the lessee that he will not keep, sell, furnish, give, or dispose of any distilled spirits or spirituous lifjuors on either of the said islands to any of the natives thereof, such person not being a physician and furnishing the same ft^r use as medicine: and any person who shall kill any I'ur-seal on either of the sr.'.d is'.iuds, or in- the waters adjacent thereto, without authority of the lessees thereof, and an" person wlio shall molest, disturb, or interfere with said lessees, or cither of them, or th 'ir agents or employes, in the lawful prosecution of their business, under the provisions of this Act shall' be (leenicd guilty of a misdemeanour, and shall for each offence, on conviction theieof, bO' punished in the same way and by like penalties as prescriiied in the 2iul section of this Act; and all vessels, their tackle, apparel, appurtenances, and cargo, whose crews shalfi be found engaged in any violation of either of the provisions of this section, shall lie forfeited to the United States ; and if any person or Company, under any lease herein authorized, shall knowingly kill, or permit to he killed, any number of seals exceeding the number for each island in this Act prescribed, such person or Com^)any shall, in addition to the penalties and forfeitures aforesaid, also forfeit the whole number of the skins of seals killed in that year, or, in case the simie have been disposed of, then said parties or Company shall forfeit the value of the same ; and it shall be the duty of any Revenue officer, officially acting ns sue!)- on either of said islands,, to seize and destroy any distilled spirits or spirituous litpiors found theruon, provided thatauch olHcer shall make detailed report of his doing so to the Collector of the port. Sec. (1. And he it further enacted, that the animal rental to be reserved by said IcnT shall not he less than .')(),()0() dollars per annum, to beseemed by deposit of United State*' bonds to that amount, nod in addition thereto a revenue tax as duty of 2 dollars is hereby laid upon eaeh fur-seal skin taken and siliipped from said islands dining the continuaiite of siieh least! to he paid into the 'iVeasury of the United States; and the Secretary of tlur Treasury is hereby empowered and authorized to make all needful Rules and llegulations for the collection and payment of the same, for the comt()rt, maintenance, education, and protection of the natives of said islands, and also for carrying into full elleet all the pro. visions of this Act. Provided, further, that the Secretary of the 'I'lfasury uuiy terminate any li-.ise I'.iven to any jierson. Company, or Corporation on fidl and satisliictory proof of the violation of imy of the provisions of this Act, or the Rules and Regidations eslahlislied by him. Provided, further, that the Secretary of the Treasury is hereby authorized to (k^liver to the owners the I'ur-seal skins tiow stonnl on the islands, on the payment of 1 dollar for eaeh of said skins taken and ship|)ed away by said owners, Sec. 7. And be it Inrtber enacted, that the provisions of the 7th and Sfh seclioiis of "An Act to extend the Laws of the United States relating to Customs, Commerce, ami Navigation over the 'iVrrittu'V ceded to the United States by Russiii, to establish a Collection District thereon, and lor other |iurpose8," approved 27lh July, IH(iH, shidl he deemed to apply to this Act, and all proseeuiions for offences committed ajiainst the provisions of this Act, and ail oilier proceedings had because of the violations of tho provisions of tills Act, and which are authurized by said Act above mentioned, «liull be in 14 accordance with the provisions thereof, and all Acts and parts of Acts inconsistent with the provisions of this Act are hereby repealed. Sue. 8. And be it furtlier enacted, tlmt the Congress may at any time hereafter alter, amend, or repeal this Act. Approved Ist July, 1870, Inclosure 2 in No. 6. Mr. Boutwell to Mr. Phelps, April 19, 1872, [See Inclosure 6 in No. 3.] Inclosure 3 in No. 6. Lease of the United States to the Alaska Commercial Companij to take Fur Seals in the Territory of Alaska. THIS indenture, in duplicate, made this 3rd day of August, a.d. 1870, by and between William A. Richardson, Acting Secretary of ihe Trtasiuy, in pursuance of an Act of Congress, approved the Ist July, 1^70, entitled "An Act to prevent the Extermination of Fur-bearing Animals in Alaska," and the Alaska Commercial Company, a Cnrjioration duly establislied under the laws of the State of California, acting by John F. Miilcr, its President and Agent, in accordance with a Resolution of said Corporation duly adopted at a meeting of its 15oard of Trustees, held the 3 1st January, 1870, Witncsseth : — • Tli.it the said Secretary hereby leases to the said Alaska Commercial Company, without power of transfer, for the term of twenty years IVom the 1st day of May, 1870, the right to engage in the business of taking fur-seals on the Islands of St. George and fcsl. I'aul, within the Territory of Alaska, and to send a vessel or vessels to said islands for the sUms ol such seals. And the said Alaska Con\mercial Company, in consideration of their riglic under this leai^e, hereby covenant and agree to p:iy for each year during said term, and in proportion during any part thereof, the sum of .OS, 000 dollars into the 'i'reasury of the United States, in accordance with the Regulations of the Secretary, to be made for this purpose under said Act, which payment shall be secured by deposit of United Slates' hiiiuls to that amount, and also covenant and agree to pay annually into the Treasury of the United States, under said Rules and Regulations, a revenue tax or duty of 'J dollars upon each fur-seni skin taken and 8hi|iped by them, iti accordance with the provisions of the Act aforesaid, and also the sum of 0;^^ cents lor each fur-seal skin taken and sliip[)ed, and 55 cents per gallon lor each gallon of oil obtained from said seals for sale on said islands or elsewhere, and sold by said Company ; and also covenant and agree, in accordance with said Rules aiid Regulations, to I'luiiish free of charge the inhabitants of the Islands of St. Paul and St, (Jeorge annually during saul term 2;>.<)(>U dried sahnon, (JO cords tire-wood, a sullicient (puintity of salt and a sutHcient number of barrels for |)reserving the necessary supply ot meat. And the said lessees idso hereby covenant and agree during the term aforesaid to maintain a school on each island, in accirdanee with said Rules and Regulations, and suitable for the education of the natives ui' said islands, tor a period of not less than iMght months in each year. And the said lessees further covenant and agree not to kill njion said Island of St. I'aul more than 7.'),(i()() fur-sials, and upon the Island ol' St. CJcorge not more than ','/>, (lUO I'ur-scals, per annum ; not to kill any fur-seal upon the islands alurosaid in any other month except the months of Jime, .July, September, and October of each year; not tu I. I' such seals at any time by the use ol tire-arms or other nitans tending to drive the sea's from said islands ; not tu kill any female seal or an}' seal less than one year old . noi to kill any seal in the waters adjaei nt to said I'isheries, suhinittinn the accompanying papers relauve to the seizure of the Canadian schooners "Onward," " 'i'hornlon," anri " (J irolina," in Behring's Sea, by the United States' Kevcnue cutter " Convin," aud their subse(p»ent detention at the port of Ounalaska, in the Territory ot Alaska — 1. Copy of a letter from Jameit Ogilvie, inaatcr of the Canadian sealing schoonef " Carolina ;" '2. Copy of a letter from IJanicl Munroc, master of the Canadian sealing schooner " Onward ;"" '^. Depositioti of John IJallac, Hcaman on board the "Thornton ;" of Thomas McLardy, cook ()n hoaid the "CaroliiM;" of lldward Shields, seannm on board the "Carolina;" and of William Mnnsie, owner of the " Carolina ;" all of the Province of l^ritish Colmnl)ia : 'i'lie Minister observes that from IIichc papers it Bpj)ears that the schooners mentioned are Canadian vessels fitti'd out in \'u.-tona, Miitish Coiumlfia, li)r tlie eaptuie of seals in the waters of the Northern l'a«ific Or.ean, adjacent to Vancouver Island, Queen Chiirlntte's Islands, and Alaska; that at Ihc time ol tlieir seizure hy the "Corwin" they were taking seals in the open sea out ol sight ot land, the "Carolina" in latitude ;)0 M north, longitude 168' fi.T west; the "Onward" in latitude M" ^)'2' north, longitude hi" oo west; and the "Tiiornton " in about the same hititude and longitude ; and all of them at a distance of more than 60 uMhit from the nearest land ; that they were tHken possession of by the United State*' cutter on the 1st August, It^bO, and towed to the port )9f OnnalaAka, where they are still detained. The crews of the " Thornton " and '^ C«7r>lina," with the exception of the captain and one man on each vessel detained at OwHAlaHka, were sent by the steamer " St. Paul " to San Francisco, California, and then tmn*il adrift, while the crew of the " Onward " was kept at Ounalaska. At the time of their seizure the " Thornton " had 404 seal-skins on board, the '*fhmwA 900, and the "Carolina" 686, and these are detained and kept at Ounalaska altvaiflf with the schooners by the United States' authorities. The Minister states that he has taken steps to get further depositions from the «>»rtKn, masters, and crews of the vessels above mentioned, in order that a claim may be suwi^. Dpon the United States' Government for damages for this unwarranted seizure of Birittwh venflels in the open sea. Thft Committee recommend that your Excellency be moved to transmit a copy of tim Minnte, if approved, together with copies of the papers herein mentioned, to the Right H'xwinr^\e. the Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies, for transmission to the ftjfut^ ^>ifice, and also copies to Her Majesty's Minister at Washington, Ali of which is respectfully submitted for your Excellency's approval. (Signed) JOHN J. McGEE, Cltrkf Privy Council, Canada. Inclosure 3 in No. 7. Mr. Ogilvie to Mr, Munsie, August 6, 1886. [See Inclosure 5 in No. 3.] Inclosure 4 in No. 7. Mr, D, Munroe to Mr. C. Spring. Schooner " Onward," at Port Ilioluk, Ounalaska, Diar Sir, August 7, 1886. ON the 2nd, while the " Onward " was in latitude 54° 52' north, longitude 167° 55' ireKl, »n4 about 70 miles from the nearest land, the United States' Revenue cutter "Cwwm," having the schooners " Thornton " and " Carolina " in tow, boarded us, and sent S ctK^ on board and towed us in here, where we are lying at present with sails bent and Msktt fin hoard, and a watchman in charge, but cannot find out what they int nd to do with ««,«>( rannot say any more about it at present. f m«t the " Favourite" on the 28th. Captain M'Lean was on board of us; wc gave Lmn fifA i^kins, and they had 1,290 they took themselves, making them about 1,800 t/Amif M\r and imbent her sails, and put everything ashore, and they arc sending the crew Ha* ftwk ►'rancinco to-day in one of the Fur Company's steamers, the "St. Paul." IaIav on : Have heard nothing more, only the crews of the " Thornton " and ** CtUfXxnti " are going to 8an Francisco to-day [? by] the steamer " St. Paul,'' except the iia«{>ft»un and one man of each, but they took none of our crew. Thi>rK arr; nimonrs afloat that the three schooners arc to be laid up here all winter, and tkaA «A art! ^ning to be taken to Sitka, but no certainty. I wrote you this morning as the InnA wan leaving the wharf, thinking that she was going away, but she came to anchor in tltt Ufxu\», and F do not think I finished it. I was afraid of being late. We sent a protest CM fiTAvri the cutter against the action of the authorities in seizing the vessel on the high mm, hut I do not know if it will amount to much. There is no Notary Public hero 1126] D 18 to sign it. I have nothing more to write to you, trusting things will turn out better than we expect. I remain, &c. (Signed) DANL. MUNROE. Inclosure 5 in No. 7. Declaratiorig of John U tUun, William Munsie, Thomas McLardy, and Edward Shields. [See Inclosure 10 in No. 3.] Inclosurc 6 in No. 7. AdminiHtralor Lord A. E. Rusgell to Mr. Stanhope, September 27, 18SG. [Subhtancc of telegram of September 22. See Inclosure 1 in No. 3.] Inclosure 7 in No. 7. ■ Adminmlrator Lord A. E. Russell to Mr. Stanhope, My Lord, Halifax, Nova Scotia, September 27, 18SC. I HAVE the honour to inclose herewith a copy of an approved Minute of my Privy Council, to which is appended a Kcport, by my Minister of Marine and Fisheries, upon which my telegrain of the 22iid instant was founded, relative to the seizures of the (/'anadian schooneri* "Thornton," "Onward," and "Carolina" while engaged in the peaceable pursuit of their lawful occupation on tiie high seas. 2. It will be seen from thi^ Il«!port that the masters and mates of the above-mentioned vessels have been tried iK-forc the United States' District Court at SitUa, in Alaska, and sentences of imprisonment, in addition to heavy fines, imposed u[)on them, while f.^ir prop<;rty has been subjected to forfeiture. 3. My .Ministers are of opinion that the action of the United States' authorities with respect to these vcfsels is indefensible, and that immediate reparation should be demanded from the Govenmicnt of tlial country therefor. I have, &c. Inclosurc 8 in No. 7. Report of a Committee of the Honourable the Privy Council, approved by his Excellency the Admininlralor of the (Jovernment in Council, on the 24th September, lb80, TlIK Committee of the Privy Council have had before them the annexed Report from the Minister of Marine and Fisheries witli reference to the case of tiie Canadian schooners "'ihornton,'' "Onward," and "Carolina," seized on the 1st August last by the United States' authorities in Bchring's Hca. The Committee concur in the said Report, and they advise that the same be carried out. All which is respectfully submitted for your lixcellcncy's approval. (Signed) JOHN J. McGEE, Clerk, Privy Council. Inclosure in No. 7. ■ . Report. IN reference to a lU'port of Council, under date the 23rd September, referring to the case of the Canadian schooncm "Thornton," "Onward," and " Carolina," seized on the Ist August by the United States' authorities in Behring's Sea, the Undersigned has the honour to lay before Council the following additional information. 19" It is stated in effect in " Tiie Alaskan," a newspaper published at Sitka, in the Territory of Alaska, and bearing date the 4th September, 188G — 1. That the master and mate of the schooner "Thornton" were brought for trial before Judge Dawson in the United States' District Court at Sitka on the 30th August last. 2. That the evidence given by the officers of the United States' Revenue cutter "Corwiu" attempts to shov/ that the "Thornton" was seized while in Behring's Sea, about liO or 70 miles Routli-south-east of St. George's Island, for the offence of hunting am! ki!lin2; seals witliiii tl;at part of Bcliring's Sea which was ceded to the United States bv Russia ill 1807. 3. That the Judge, in his charge to the jury, after (juoting the 1st Article of the Treaty of the .'Ictli March, 18fi7, between Russia and the United Slates, in which the wcstcni boundary of Alaska is defined, goes on to say: "All the waters within the boundary set forth in tiiis Treaty to the western end of the Aleutian Archipelago and chain of islands are to bo considered as comprised within the waters of Alaska, and all the penalties prescribed by law against the killing of fur-bearing animals must, therefore, attach against any violation of law within the limits heretofore described. "If, therefore, the jury believe from the evidence that the defendants by themselves, or in conjunction with others, did, on or about the time charged in the information, kill any otter, mink, marten, sable, or fur-seal, or other fur-bearing animal or animals, on the shores of Alaska, or in the Behring's Sea east of the 193rd degree of west longitude, the jury should find the defendants guilty, and assess their punishment separately at a fine of not less than 200 dollars nor more than 1,000 dollars, or imprisonment not more than six months, or by both such line, within the limits herein set forth, and imprisonment." 4. That the jury brought in a verdict of guilty against the prisoners, in accordance with which the master of the "Thornton," Hans Guttounsen, was sentenced to imprison- ment for thirty days and to pay a fine of SOO dollars, and the mate of the "Thornton," Norman, was sentenced to imprisonment for thirty days and to pay a fine of 300 dollars, which terms of imprisonment are presumably now being carried into effect. It also appears, by telegraphic despatch from Nanaimo, British Columbia, dated the 1 8th September, that the masters and mates of the "Onward" and " Carolina " have since been tried and sentenced to undergo similar penalties to those being inflicted on the master and mate of the '• Thornton." It will appear from the above information, conjoined with the Report of Council under date the 23rd September, that the United States have determined to lay claim to the sole sovereignty of that part of Behring's Sea lying east of the westerly boundary of Alaska, as defined in the 1st Article of the Treaty made between the United States and Russia in 1867, by which Alaska was ceded to the United States, and which includes a stretch of sea extending in its widest part some COO or 700 miles easterly from the main- land of Ahtska. In pursuance of this claim, they have interfered with the peaceable and lawful occupation of Canadian citizens on the high seas, have taken possession of their ships, have subjected their property to forfeiture, and visited upon their persons the indignity of imprisonment. They appear to have done this in spite of the admitted principles of international law, and in direct opi)osition to their own contention of what constitutes common waters upon the Atlantic coast. In view of tiie unwarranted and arbitrary action of the United States' authorities, the Undersigned recommends that u copy of this Report be sent to Her Majesty's Government to the end that immediate reparation be demanded from the Government of the United States, and that in the meantime the facts contained therein be telegraphed to the Secretary of State for the Colonies and to the British Minister at Washington. The whole respcctfullv submitted. (Signed) GEORGE E. FOSTER, Minister of Marine and Fisheries. Department of Fisheries, Canada, Ottawa, September ii\,liiSG. ri28] D 2 No. 8. The Earl of Iddesleigh to Sir L. West. — (Substance telegraphed.) Sir, Foreign Office, October 20, 1886. YOU have received from the Canadian Government a protest against the claim advanced by the United States' authorities in seizing three Canadian schooners which were engaged in the capture of seals in what are alleged to be Alaskan waters. I request that you will lose no time in protesting against these proceedings in the name of Her Majesty's Government; and you will at the same time reserve for con- sideration hereafter all rights to compensation which may be brought forward. Full instructions in regard to this matter will be sent to you by mail. I am, &c. (Signed) IDDESLEIGH. No. 9. The Earl of Iddesleigh to lottcr from Daniel Miinrop, mnslpr of the Canadian sealing schooner " Onword." 2. Copy of n letter from James Ogilvic, ninstcr of tlic Canadian scaling schooner " Carolina." 3. Deposition of Jolin Dallas, seaman on board the " Thornton ; " of Tliomus McLardy, cook on board the " Carolina ; " of Kdwanl Shields, seaman on board the " (Carolina; " and of VVm, Muniie, owner of the " Carolina ; " all of the Province of Dritish Columbia. 22 which includes a stretch of sea extending in its widest part some 600 or 700 miles easterly from the mainland of Alasica. In support of this claim, those authorities are alleged to have interfered with the peaceable and lawfid occupation of Canadian citizens on the high seas, to have taken possession of their ships, to have subjected their property to forfeiture, and to have visited upon their persons the indignity of imprisonment. Such proceeding-:, if correctly reported, would appear to have been in violation of the admitted principles of intei'national law. I retjuest that yuu will, on the rcecipt of this despatch, seek ai> interview witli Mr. Bayard and make him acquainted with the nature of the information with which Her Majesty's Government have been furnished respecting this matter, and state to him that they do not doubt tha', if on in(|uiry it should prove to be correct, the Government of the United State will, witii their well-known sense of justice, at once admit the illegality of the proceeilinirs resorted to against the British vessels and the British subjects above mentioned, and will cause reasonable reparation to be made for the wrongs to which they have been subjeeteci, and for the losses which they have sustained. Mr. Bayard desire it, you are authorized to leave with him a copy of this Sliould despatch. I am, &c. (Signed) IDDESLEIGH. Ko. 12. Sir L. West to the Earl of Iddeslelgh. — {Received November I.) My I/ird, IVashinyton, October 21, 1886. UPON the receipt of your Lordship's despatch of the 0th ultimo I immediately addressed a note to tlie Secretary of State, in accordance with the instructions therein contained, and copy of which is herewith inclosed, requesting to be furnished with any particulars which the United States' Government may possess relative to tlie seizure of certain British Columbian seal schooners by the United States' Revenue cruiiier " Corwin," but to which I have received no reply. Upon the receipt of your Lordship's telegram of yestor .ay's dale I addressed the note copy of which is likewise inclosed, protesting, m tlio name of Her Majesty's Government, against the said seizures, and reserving ri,6;liti.. i .■ compensation. I have, cCJ. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE WEST. Inclcsure 1 in No. 12. Sir L. West to Mr. Bayard. Sir, Washington, September 21 , 1886. 1 HAVE the honour to inform you that Her Majesty's Government h;ivc received a telegram from the Commander-in-chief of Her Majesty's naval forces on the Pacific Station respecting the alleged seizure of three British Columbian seal schooners by the United States' Revenue cruizer "Corwin;" and I am, in consequence, instructed to request to be furnished with any particulars which the United States' Government may possess relative to this occurrence. I have, &u. (Signed) L. S. SACKVH>LE WEST. IncloBure 2 in No. 12. Sir L. West to Mr. Bayard. Sir, Washington, October 21, 1880. WITH reference to my note of the 27th ultimo, requesting to be furnished with any particulars which the United States' Government may possess relative to the seizure in the North Pacific waters of three British Columbian seal schooners by the ss United States' Revenue cruizcr " Corwin," and to which I am without reply, 1 have the honour to inform you that I am now instructed by the Earl of Iddesluigh, Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, to protest, in the name of Her Majesty's Government, against such seizure, and to re»erve all rights to compen- sation. I have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE WEST. No. 13. Admiralty to Foreiyn OJfice. — Received November 5 ) (Extnct.) Admiralty, November 4, 1886. REFERRING to my letter of the 20th September last and to previous correspondence, I am commanded by my Lords Conviissioners of the Admiralty to transmit herewith, for the perusal of tiic Seeietary of Staie for Foreign Afi'airs, cuttings from a newspaper called the " Daily British Colonist," at Victoria, respecting the seizure of British Columbian sealing schooners in Behring's Sea. Inclosure in No. 13. Extract from the " Daily British Colonist," Victoria, of October", 1886. (From the " Brooklyn Eagle.") The Alaska Shizuues. — The recent seizure of vessels in Behring's Sea by the United States' Revenue steamer " Corwin," for the allcsied illegal capture of seals in the waters of the United States, lias attracted a surprisingly small amount of attention, in this quarter at least. This is probably due to the fact tliat the Cabinet has not had a meeting for some time, and that but one Cabinet Minister remained in Washington, so that there was a lack of information on the subject, which was unfavourable to its discussion. Xow. however, wc have something like an official Report of what has taken j.lace from tlie Captain of the "Corwin," and the matter is ripe for the attention of the press of the United States. No one who gives the subject his notice can fail to recognize the fact that it is one of the most important questions this Government was ever called upon to discuss, and that it may involve consequences of the highest moment. The Captain of the "Corwin," it appears, was acting under positive instructions received at San Francisco, commanding him to seize and deliver to the United States' District Court of Alaska, for condemnation and seizure, all vessels (bund en.;a ^od in the capture of seals within Alaskan waters, which were defined to include all of Behring's Sea cast of the line from Behring's Strait to a point west of the most western of the Aleutian Islands. Under this interpretation a vessel might be more than 500 miles from the mainland of America, and still a trespasser in Alaskan waters, and therefore liable to seizure. The complaints which led to the issuing of these instructions came from the Alaska Fur Seal Company, who lease the seal fisheries from the Government for the payment of 317,000 dollars annually. The vessels captured were six in iiuml)er, tlirec of them being described as British, one American from San Francisco, but the nationality of the other two is not given, it is not pretended that any of them was within a marine league of the shore ; in fact, tiie only vessel whose place of cajfture is specifically stated in the despatdi is the British schooner " Thornton," which, the C'a|)tain of the " Corwin " says, was captured about 70 miles south- south-east of St. George. This would bring her 150 miles from the chain of the Aleutian Islands, and 300 from the nearest point of the mainland. The captured schooners were tiken to Ounalaska, where they were libelled for condemnation, and their crews were conveyed to Siti (Telegraphic.) ALASKA seizures. Ottawa, November 14, 1886. Has any answer hecn received to representations? Papers will be sent you proving tluit he case is one ol great iiardship, and tliat a total disre8;ard of international rights has hc( n sliown hy tiic action of tiie tlnited States. We helieve the masters of the vessels are siill in prison. Mo. Hi. Thr Edit of [(kh-xleigh to Sir L. IFpn/, Sir, Fo)«iyn Ojfive, Nouemher 18, 188f). I HAVl'^ to intbrni ynu Liiat iuiiuiry lias heen made by the Government of Canatki as to what reply has hteii received from tiie (Tovernment of the United States to the represent itions wliich, as reported in your telegram of tlie 21st October, you had made to them in regard to the seizure of lliree schooners from Uritish Columbia by the United States' Kevenuc eruizer " Corwin " in Heliring's Sea. Lord Liinsdowue reijorls tiiat it is believed iliat the captains of these vessels are still in prison, and that documents will be sent to this country proving that the case is one of great hardship, and that a total disregard of international rights has been shown in the action of the authorities of the United Slates. I iiave, in eonsetion ol jm'isdiction, for he had been told that many of tlie seal-skins found on board the British vessels were skins of sea's which had not been shot, but clubbed, which proved that a landing had Seen effected, lie said that he would reply to your Lordship's despatch which I had eonin\unicatcd to him as soon ns possible. I have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVlLLh: VVKST. No. IH. foreign Office in Mes.srt:. Lampsoii luiil f'o, Genlicnien, Forfiijii Office, Noretnber lit, IH8(). 1 A.M directed by the luul of Iddesli igh to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the I'Jth iiislanl, relativ.! to the sei/.nre of ('ertain nritish-owned seal-lisliing vessels by the Uniteil Sliiles' ll, venue euUer "Corwin," in the waters of Alaska ; and 1 am to inform you, in reply, that the i|ucatioii is now under the consideration of Her .Majesty's Governnient, 1 am, \'('. (Signed) .IliLIAN I'AUNCKl'OTK. ^ : :\i 1 No. 19. Sir L. Went to the Earl of Iddesleigh. — {Received November 2(5.) My Lord, Washiiujlon, November 14, 1S86. WITH rderence to my despateli of the 2ist ultimo, 1 have the honour to inclose to your Lordship herewith copy of a note wliich I have received from the Secretary of State, exiil.iininp,- and apologizing for the delay which has oct mrcd in replyinj; to my note of the 21ot September last, asking for information rcspectiiiLf the seizure by the United Slates' Revenue cutter " Corwin," in the Bchring'a Sea, of Piitish vessels, and noting the protest on the part of Jlcr Majesty's Government ngiiinst sacli seizures contained in my note of tlie 2 1st ultimo, copy of which was inclosed in my above- mentioned despatch. I hare. &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE WEST. Mr Inclosure in No. I'J. Jiuyard *o Sir L, West. Sir, iJepartment of State, November 12, 1886. TIII'> delay in my reply to your letters ot *\\c 'J7t\\ September and 2 Ist October, asking- for the intormation in my possession concerpinL"- tl;u seizure by tlie United States* Revenue cutter "Corwin," in the Bchiin'i's Sea, of Biiti>li vessels for an alleged violation of the laws of the United States in relation to the Alaska seal fisheries, has been caused by my wailing to receive from the Treasury Department the information you desired. I tender this fact in apology for the delay and as the reason for my silence; and, reptating what 1 said verbally to you in our conversation this nmrning, I am still awaitina; full and uKtheiitic Reports ot the judicial trial and .ludgment in the cases of the seizures referrc ' to. ^.\\ -"PI lication to my colleague the Attorney-deneral In procure an authentic Report of ';■» Je I'lwccdings was promptly made, and the delay in furnishing the Report doubtless -..i- til':'-: ;;■' ni the remoteness of the place of trial. A; s .1 1, as 1 am enabled, 1 will convey to you the facts as ascertained in the trial, ami '■!.• 'limits of law as applied by the Court. I 'i'i lc:ive also to acknowledge your connnunication of the 21st October, informing mo that y. ,j had been instructed by the l'",iirl of Iddi'sleigh, Her .Majesty's Principal Sei'rcliuy ol State for I'oreign Affairs, to protect against the seizure of the vessels above referred to, and to reserve all rights of compensation. All of which sliall receive respectful consideration. i have, &c. (Signed) T. F. BAYARD. No. 20. The Earl of Iddeslriyli to Sir L. IVtit. CANADIAN rJovernmcnt impiiie whetlur vesse Foreiijii Office, December (i, ^ 886. . , > ^•lluip^)ing in Rritisii Culmnbia for Uehiing'< Sea lisheries are exposed to sei/.ure. I'lu \ seek iisKiiiiiiico th it no scizmes ol British vessels will be made beyond territorial waters of Alaska pending- settlement ol (pieslioii. No. 21. Sir I,. Weil to the Eiirl of Iddmlelgh, — (lleccivmt December i,M.) (E.-.* I.) HWii/i;//«H, /^wn/^rr 10, 1880. 1 HANI', the honour It) arknowlcdiic the ludpt ol your Loidsliip's lele!"*i>n of till' iltli ine(l to the ^et'r(•tln'v of Stale in the sense of It. [128] ti IncIoBurein No, 21. Sir L. West to Mr. Bayard. Sir, Washington, December 1, 1886. REFERRING to your note of the 12th ultimo on the subject of the seizure of British vessels in the Beliring's Sea, and promising to convey to nie as soon as possible the facts lis ascertained in the trial and the rulings of law as applied by the Court, I iiave the honour to state thiit vessels are now as usual equipping in British Columbia for iishing in that sea. The Canaiiian (■ v rnment, therefore, in the ahscncc of information, are desirous of ascertaining vvhe i''* vessels fishing in the opci; seas and beyond the territorial waters of Alaska woul posed to sci/Ai.e, aiul Her M.jesty's Government at the san;e time would he glad .me assurance could be givea that, pending the settlement of the quest'on, no such seizures of British vessels \»ill be made in Behring's Sea. I have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE WEST. No. 2-2. Colonial OJfice to Foreign Office, — {Received .January 5.) Sh, Downhiff Street, Junuary 4, 1887. WITH reference to previous correspondence respecting the seizure by the United States' Revenue-steamer " Corwin " of certain Canadian schooners engaged in the seal fishery in Rehring's Sea, I am directed by Mr. Secretary Stanhope to transmit to you, for such further action in the matter as the Earl of Idilesieigh may think proper, a copy of a despatch from the Uovernor-tJIenera! of Canada, inclosing copy of an approved Report of his Privy Council, explaining the views of the Dominion Government in the matter. Mr. Stanhope would be glad to receive a copy of any conununication which Lord Iddesieigli may address to flic United States' Govermnent in eonsfqiuMice of this further represenlution from the Government of Canada on the subject. [ am, &e. (Signed) JOHN BRAMSTOS. Inclosuro 1 in No. 22. The Miirijiiis of Laiisdnvnc to Mr, Slanhoiie, Sir, (lori'rniiii'nt Hoii.se, Otiiiirii, Nnremlier 27, 1880. I HAVE llu' iioiioiir to iiiclusc herewith copy of an ■•ipprovcil Report of my I'rivy INiuneil dealing with the recent sei/.iire of the Canadian M'hoimers "Caroline," "Onward," .'(nd " I liur-itoM "' by the Tnited States' Itevenue steamer " (.'orwin " while Hshing for sials in Hehring's Sea. The stalenients contained in the lleport are sullieienl In establish that the claim now ))ut lorward on thi^ part of tin.' I nited States to tiie sole right of taking fui'- bearing aiiiiiiaN within the limits laid down in the Isi Avtielcuf Ihc 'I'ri'aty of lS(t7 is ine()nsistiMil willi llic riyhls secured lo (ireal liritain under the Convention of 1825, nnd is in snlislancc liie snmi' a> thai which, when advanced b\ the Hussian Govern- nient on dilicrciit ocensions prior to the cession of Alnska by Russia to the United States, was either strenuously nwisled or treated with ridicule and contempt by the Gov. rnment of the latter I'owcr. It is impossible to bclie\c thai, when by the CouM'nlion of 1^25 it was agreed that the subjects nj' (i 'c,it Urilain, as our of the (!ontraelinu I'arlirs, should not be " trembled or uioli'sti"! in jiii\ pari of the ocean coinmonix called ibe I'aeille Ocean, either in na\ igaling Ibe same or in llshing thei'ein," any reservation was intended with rnghrd to that pirl of the i'aeille Ocean known as Rehring's Sea, The whole eours<' of the iiegotialions li_\ which this C'ioh. while llioNc iieufotiations \v(!re in progress, was used l>v Mr. Midclh^ton, then Russian Minister at St. ret(>rshurf>:li, in his ^femorandum dated tlie 13th Decemher, 1823. (Vide American State Papr'i-s, Foreign Relations, vol. v, No. 384.) It is laid down in that Memorandum that " the existence of territorial rights te the distance of 100 niih-s from the coasts upon two o])posite continents, and the proliii)ition of approaching to the same distance from these coasts (»r from those of all the intervening islands, arc innovations in the law of iisitions and measures unexam])lr'd. It must thus he iinau:ined that this proin'hition, hearing the pains of confiscation, applies to a long line of coasts with tl. ; internie(liat(> islands, situate in vast si-as where the navigation is suhject to innumerable and unknown difficulties, and Avhero the chief om))lo_vment, Avhich is the whale fishery, cannot be compatible with a ri^gulatcd and well-determined course." Ml". Middlcton added that: '• I'niveisal usage, which has obtained the force of law, has establisln.'d for all the coasts an accessorA' limit of a modcn-ate distance, which is sufficient for the security of the country and for the (Himmerce of its inhabitants, but which lays no restraint upon the universal rights of nations, nor upon the freedom ol'coriinun'ce and iiavigalion.' (Jnlor K " 'J'reaty of 18(17 IJussia ceded to the United States "ail the rights, franchises, and |)rivileges " then belonging to her in the territory or dominion included within the limits d(!serihed (ri/tp Article \'I), but (tonld not cede a right which, in the express terms of the 'i'realy of ]^2'), was recoLinized aslielonging to the subjects of the Ib'itisb Ci'own as well as to those of Russia. 'I'his is, as far as I have been able to ascertain, the first oi!easi(ni u])on which claims of file kind no\\ advanced ha\e been cnroreed. ;^iMling-\'essels from Hritish Columbia have lor sonii" years past tVe(|uenti'd the waters of Uehring's Sea witluuit moleslalion, and a letter, of whicli I inclose a copy, addn-ssed by .M.i'. A\'illiam Alupsie, of \'ictoria, Riitisli (.'obimbia, to my Minister of Marine and f^isberies, shows how serious will betii-eiVeet oftlii'. interlerence upon a well-establisluMl and im|)oi'tant industry in which many ib-iiisii sulijecls have a sid)stantial interest. It is, 1 think. mo/iIi while to (;rinlrast the claims now" lu'ged by the (ioveriunent of the United States lo extdusive control ovcr a ])art of the I'aeilii! Ocean, the distance between the shores of whicli is, as was pointed out by Mr. Adams in 1822, not less than 1,000 miles, with the indignant remonstrances recently made by Mr. Bayard against the action of the (Jaiuidian authorities in warning Uniti-d States' fish iu'j;- vessels from enteriui; tlie territori.al waters of the Dominion at points where those waters were only a few miles in width and throughout their whole extent in close proxiniilv to Canadian territorv. A warning of this kind, whei\ given in respect of the Ray des Chaleurs, whicdi measures iibout 18 miles at its mo\ith, Avas stigmatized by Mr. Hayard in his desi)ateh of the 1 tth .Mine, 188ti, as a " Avholly \mwarranted pretension of extra- territorial authoritx," and as an " interference Avith the un((uestiouable rights of tlie .Vnii'rican fishermen lo pursue their business without molestation at any point not Avithin H mai'ine miles of tin; shore." I would also draw your attention specially to tiie great hardship occasioned to the oAvners and crews of the seized vessels by the <'onlIscation of their catch and by the imprisonment of some of the peiNcms on board of (liem. 1 ui\derstand that, oAAini: to the amomit of the lines imposed, which AA'erc so heavy that the owners have declined lo pay them, the ca|)tains and mates of tin; seized vessels, Ihough originally sentenced lo thirty days' impriscninient, a term Aviiicli has long since expired, are still detained. I may add, in explanation of tlie coiudiuling passage in Mr. Munsie's letter, that .Mr. Ogilvie, ilw eaiitain of the " Caroliiu'," while waiting at Ounalaska for the trial of his vessel, wandered olV into the >voods, in which it appiwu's. from .Mr. Munsie's statement, thai he nni-it have peiisiicil. 1 have, iV:e. (Signed) U/VNMDOWNK. lnclosim> 2 hi Tno. 22. Htfiort of II Conniiilli'e nf the Uniiiiiiiiihlv liii' Privij Council fnr (.'iiiiiiilii, iipprnml In/ liis Kiri'lli'iirii till' (iinri iiiir-dnirrii! in Vniiiivil iiii Xin'riiilifi' -1, I'^'^O. 'JMIK Commiifee of the I'rivy ('(Muudl have had under consideralion a eonnnuiii- oatioii from Mv. R. ('. Raker. .M.I'.. Vice- ('resident of the Rritish Colunibia Remd of Trade, Irunsniitling a lelter liom .Mr. Theodore Lubbe, the miuiaging o\\ ner of the 90 British Columbia sealirg flw't, at«kin;4 inforBiation as to tlic United States' claim to tlie easterly lialf of Belii-iii^'s Si-.-i, ;,.h American ^\atl'l■s, and also a ilespateli, dated the 2(Uli Aiiu;ust last, fiorii llie IJeiit<.-tiarit-(jlovcrnov of British Columbia, advising of the seizMie ol' tlic Canadian M-li'-oiiers "Caroline" and " Tiioruton," by the United States' I'evenuu steamer " ("orwin," while engu!j;ed i!i sealint]; in Behring's Sea. Also copy of a lettei- fion* iMnic! ilunroe, master of the Canadian sealing Nchoonei' "Onward," whieli li,'is ]ici;u already for\»arded by his ExeeHeney tlie ((Overnor-Geueril to tli(.' Colonial OfTiee, and to J ler .\lajesty's Minister at Washington. Tlie Siil)-(;oninatfei' (;f (Jonneil, lo wlioin the |)a])ers were re rcrriMl, observe that it a|)|K!urs tlial tlie sclioom-rK mentioned were Canadian vessels titted out for the eapture of seals in the Noitii I'aeifie Ocean adjaeeut (o "\'ancouver Island, Queen Chariot ((; island, and Alaska; that they were j)eaeeably puisuing their voeations on the higti seas at a distance of some 70 miles from the nearest island, and more tiiau 100 mile's from the neare;,* mainland ; that they wore taken possession of by tlie United States' Hev(;nui! cutter " Cnrwin " on the 1st August last, and towed to the port of Ouiialaska. Tiie cn.'us ol ilie '-Thornton" and "Caroline" (with the exce]i(ion of the captain and one man oji each vessM;], who w(!re detained at Ounalaska), were sent by stt'amer to San I'raneiseo, am! llir-re turned adrift, while the men of the" Onward" were k(;])t at Ounalaska. TIte seJ.(,onei-s and the sciils foimd on board of them were also deliiined by the L'nited Stal<*s" aiilhoritif.'s. 'J'he authority under which the-" seizures were madi; is apparently: — 1 . A letter of inslruci ions iro/n ii)e Acting Secretary of the Treasury of the United States to Mr. D'Aneona, lia; CoMetrloi' of Customs at San Eranciseo, dated the 12th March, IS^l, with iii'-lwurcs (A of Appendix), 2. A letter from the Secrcflary of the Lnited States' Treasury to the Collector of Customs at San l''rancisco, daiel tbe jiith March, 18S(i, eoiitirming the instructions given to ..Mr. DAncoua in IHHI, .uid ordf.ring jjublication of the sann; (B of A])pendi.\.). ;>. The Revised Statutes of the United States, llieloDOth Section of w'hich ])rohibitB the"killing ol' fur-bearing :ininia!f. within tiie limits of AInska Territory, or in the waters ttn-reor, and Sections IDIi ;uu\ I'.Xil of which prohibit the killing of male seals, except at eeitain times, and under i-ec1ain nistrietions, and of female seals at any time, upon (he Islands of St. I';pul and St. (Jcfirge, or in the waters adjacent thereto. 'i'iic master and malt- of the .■^choone.' "Tliornton" were subsetiuently (the 13th August last) brought for trial before Judge Dawson, in the United States' Uislrict Court at Sitka. The evidence given by theoflicern of the United States' llevenue cutter " Corwin " was to the ell'eet that the " Tliorn'on " was seized while in JJeiiring's Sea, about (iO or 70 miles south-soulli-e;ist of Si. (ieorge's Ishmd, lor the olFence of hunting and killing .seals wilhin Ihat pari of Ite'iringV Men which wns ceded to the United States by Russia in \Hi\7. T'lie .judge in his charge to the jury ijuoted tiu' 1st Article of the Treaty of the .'Klili March, iHdT, between RuKHJa and the United Stall's, in which the boundary of Alaska is d('lin(!d as fidlows ; — "Tin! western limit, within which the ti^rritories and donu'nion conveyed are ctmtained, passes throniih a point in Rehring's Straits on the parallel of (t')° '.W north latitude, at its interseetiou by llic meridian which ptisscs midway between the Island of Kruscnstern or liiualool: and the Island of Uatin.motr cu' Nooiuirhook, and jiroi'ceds due Uijrth, without limitation, into the same Jw-ozen Ocean. The same western limit, beginning at the s;ime initial point, pDceeds then in a straight course nearly south- west through liehring's Straits and Relninif's S<'(i, .so as to jm.ss midway between tlie niM'th-wt'sl poini ol' the l-land <>i St. hnwrence and the .south-east point of Cape Chonkotski. to ihe meridian of 172 went longitude, thence from the intersection of that nn'ridi:ni in a south-«esteily rlircctioii, so as t(( puss midway between the Ishind of Alton and the ('o|)|ier island of the Komiandorski couplet or group, in the North I'aciHe Ocean, to the merhlian of t'.»;i west longitude, so as to inclnde in the territory (•(Miveved the whole of the Aleiitinn F<»iw>iTion, kill any otter, inink, martin, sable, or fur-seal, oi- otlicr fur-bearing JMMiaif f>r animals, on the shores of Alaska, or in the Heliring's Sea, cast of llie 1!).T of W*i>!f. frmififudc, the ji^vy should iind llie defendants i^uilty, anrl assess iheii- punishment *>]fi»wf(^y, at a fini! of not less than 200 dollars, nor nioi-c than 1,((00 dollars, or imyf\-*< iVimcTnt not more thaix six months, or Ijy both, such fines within the limit* liemTi %(-t forth, and imprisonni(>nt." ■^rnx"- jury fonrul the ])risonors i;iiilty, and the uuisu'r of the '" lliornlou" wjis »<^ttrtiw.«rrd to thirty days' imprisonment and to pay a tine of 500 dollars, wliilc the mate «■*♦ **r»fcnwd to a like term f)f im|)ris()iiment and to pay a flne of 1500 dollai's. It ajf*^«w» from a tclcgi-aphie despatch of the ISth September last that the masters and ■fcifft)* fA the " Onward" and " Carolini'" have since also been trii^d, and sentenced to fluw^rrao penalties >iniiiar to those inllictcd on the master and mate of the "Thornton." TW rtrih-Committec do not here; propose to comment on the enlarged construction flhtf^fxl hy -Tudsfc Dawson on the word> "adjacent waters" in the clauses of the Revised KtoSisrtft* ab*^>ve referred to, further than to nnnark in ])assing; that its elVect would be fcv (WmvftTf » purely niunicip:il prohihition into an int<'riiational ol)lii,^ation, and to 't4*ii/in' for the Cnitcd States a jurisdiction whicli their (iovernmcnt have in the past fyA 'in\y rfeelined themselves to .assert, but wbicjh they have stretmonsly resisted when HhtiijTiw^l by another Power. TTic followint,' brief instance will illustrate the position taken by the Tnited Mnitc.^' fJovcrnmcnt in the recent past : .%■» late as the IDtli April, l.S7i', Mr. Moulwell, liien SiHMvtary of the I'nited tsU^f.*^' Ti'ea.sin'y, in answer to ;i riiquest made to him that a llevciiue cutter should hi; »i»Tf4 Uri fhe rctrion of .Mimiak Pass to ju'cvcnt Australian and Hawaiian vessels from !t*lfci(K\;^ ■w-als on their aniuial migration to the Islands of St. Paul an.! St. George, dftSinfA Ut accede to tlie request, and added : — ** fn addition, f do not see that the ['nited States would have the jurisdiction or ffftt^ to drive off jiarties going up there for that pnr))ose, unless they made sudi «f!(ti*wj>t« within a marine league of the shore." ^oing further back in date, the Sub-t.Iommittee find that in 1822 n claim to ♦('/TWi'i'jrnfy oyer the Pacific Oilcan nortii of the .'ilst degree of latitude was j)ut ffiifvi^fit by Uussia. An Imperial Ukase, issiu'd on the Ith (Kith) September, 1821, ff^httina^ commerce, whaling, and fishing along tlie (>astci'n coast of Siberia, the «)l'l»f^-we'^f^•m coast of North America, and the Aleutian ;ind other ishuids, and M»r>feiF>vr.in^' nil foi'.'ign vessels fronx landing on the coasts and islands b(dongiiig to KiWM!*, or apfH-oaching thi-m within less than 100 Italian miles, was connnnnicated Vy nfiA American frovernment on the lllh Fehrnary, 1S22 (C of Appendix). Tlif Ffononrahle John (^uiiK'y Adams, at that time IJnited States' Secretary of itfljxj^,. wrote on tin- 2.")th of the sy le month to .\1 . de Pcdelica, the Russian Jlinister F!Bi»wipotenri;irr, expressing the .sirprise of the President of llie I'nited Stales at the •*(MTti<(n of a territorinl claim by Russia exteiulin^' to the ."ilst degree of north latitude Wi' rhi* continent; stating that the lixcliision of American vessels from the sliore i0yfmtl the ordinary distance to whicdi the territorial jniisdi('tion 4'xtends had excited *«ii|ill sftealer surprise; .and requesting an ex])lanation of the grounds of right, uixni ptmtfif^ generally reeou:ni/.ed by the laws and usages of njitions, Avhich could warrant m^ H'flifms. .VI. fie I'olctiea, in a dcspjitch dat(ul the Kith (2Stli) J'Vbruary, 1HS2, defends the fft'Sxtnitum a.s desiifried to suppress the furnishing by roreinners of arms and annnn- MtHKif fo (he naliM's of Russian America, lie adds, liow(>ver : — •'The extent of sea of which tluise possessions form the limits comprchi'iidh all tlii' '■vyrtnijififyn* «hich are oi'dinarily allached to shut seas (' mers i'ermee*;'), and the Kntwi^in fcivernment might, eonse()Ucntl\ . jmi'^i' ilseP' autliori/ed to exercise upon this «i^ Sl'i^ fight f'l' sovereiifniy. and especially llial ol'entreiy inler*i^iifni"r^. fhit it prererred only asserting it', e-senli.il rights, \\ithout takimr .an;. r*4»!*ft|lage of l(K'Hlities." Jlr. .Whims deemed ii i\ sulliciejit answer t(j this "laim to ])oint out the fact that (lHw- ■ di»tnnce I'rom shoi'c to shore on this sen in l;ilil\nle 'il north, is not less than 1)0" '4 licHftifTtiidc. or 1.000 miles." (State Pa])ers, vol. ix, p. ill el v^f/.) .\ writer ill llie " Noilh .\nn'i'iean Review," in an ai'licle published u l'e« months Saiftc-v, «i^ys, with respcci to .Mr. .Vdams' iMiswer, "V 'I't'inm 'in the subject (!ould not tturVf placed tlic absurdity of llu; preteiiHions nnn-c glaringly before us." ("North \mif!t\tAn Review," vol. .w, p. 381).) 32 The jwsitioii wa»s r(;tiiu|ui<4lw(l by lliissia after much neii;otiatiou and correspon- dcnco (sc«; American Stak' l'a|)'TM, l''nroii,'u Relations, vol. v, p. t32), and on the 17th .\j)iil, 1824, a Conventifm was cdiiciiided between the United States and that country wliieli was ratifif.'d at Wasbint^tou on the 12th Januaiy, 1825, and of which the 1st Article in as follows: — '• T. It is atrreisd tliat in iui\ part of the sreat ocean, conunonlv called the Pacific OcAtau. or South Sea, the rrrHpcetive citizens or subjects of the High Contracting; Powers sliall Ix; neither disturlM-d nor restrained, either in navigation or in fishing, or in Hie power of nswirtin^ to th«' coasts upon points which may not already have been (X,"cupied for the fiur]x>n>- of tnulini: with the natives, saving always the restrict ions and ctjnditions determined Vjy the following Articles." (State Papers, vol. xii, p. 59.J.) The conditions and n,*st»icfions relate cbielly to the prevention of illicit trade in spirituous lifpiors, (ire-iirnw, tci:. Negotiations '>et ween , ajul containing the following provision, in which the right of fishing and navigation by Great Britain in any part of the Pacific (Jean is recognized ; — " It is agreed Ihat the respective subjects of the High Contracting Parties shall not b(; troui>led or nioh-sted in any part of tiie ocean commonly called the Pacific Ocea)i, fither in navigating the same, in lisliing ther(;in, or in landing at such parts of tlie (M)a>.t u- shall nr»t have Imen already ()ccn])ied, in order to trade with the natives, under the restrictirius and wmditioiis speciiiofl in the foUowing Articles." (State PajMsrs, vol. xii, p. '.'>h.) So far as the Siib-(Joiiunittee arc aware, tlie claim was never revived until it is now lor the first tinn- |iiit forward by the L'nited States. ft doi's not appcjir iier«!s.tary to insist at any great length that the conditions att(u;liing to niii/in rlftusu cannot l)y any possibility be predicated of Bebring's Sea, and that the seizurr of <'anadian vess liat is included in tlie term, 'the waters lliereof?" The Treaty by which Alaska was ceded to the United States by Russia defines the boundaries of the jurisdiction thus conveyed. The western limit, which extends out on tiie iiigh seas (a questionable conveyance) as far as the meridian of 1'j3° west longitude, so as to include the whole of the Aleutian Archipelago, and thence ])roceeds north-west to the intersection of the meridian 172° west with the parallel of 65° 30' norlli, passes through the middle of Bchring's Straits, midway between the Islands of Kouscntern, or Ignalook, and RotmanofF, and thence due north without limitation into the Frozen Ocean, liy Act of Congress the laws of the United States arc extended over all this territory and water. As Behring's Straits at its narrowest is .'}f> miles wide, J) miles iruni the Alaskan mainland coast would not begin to reach the western limit of our [turchase from Russia, luid until the right of the United States' Government to exclusive jinisdiclion over those waters is successfully controverted, you must not violate the law of Congress, by killing seals therein, without the consent of the Secretary of the Treasury, on jicril of confiscation. " According to the current of modern authority," says Chiincellor Kent, " the general territorial jurisdiction extends into the sea as far as a cannon-shot will reach, and no farther, and this is generally calculated to be a marine league (3 miles), and the Congress of the United Slates has recognized this limitation," 'i'he claim of Russia to sovereignty over the Pacific Ocean north of the 51st degree of latitude, as a close sea, was considered by our Government in 1822 as being against the rights of other nations, but now, as we have bought Russia out, it is all right. One's opinions change according to one's standpoint, and besides, cannons shoot farther now than they used to. Public No. 130. An Act to prevent the Extermination of Fur-heariiuj Animals in Alaska, [See Inclosure 1 in No. 6.] Letter dated Treasury Department, Washintjlon, D.C., April 19, 1872. [See Inclosure 6 in No. 3.] Indenture dated August 3, 1870. [See Inclosure 3 in No. 6.] The Alaska Seizures. Extract from the Brooklyn " Eagle." [See Inclosure in No. 13.] Government House, Victoria, British Columbia, (Extract.) August 'IQ, \^m. I have the honour to report that a few days since I received a telegram from Mr. Mason, Acting British Consul at San Francisco, to the following effect : — "' Caroline ' and ' Thornton ' seized by United States' steamer * Oorwin ' for illegal Hcalinji ; about twenty men from them put on hoard ' St. Paul ' arrived here last night ; they ask me for protection and to send them to Victoria. Advise me what to do. They are not charged with anything." Upon receipt of this I arranged with the owners of the " Caroline " and " Thornton " for the return of the men here, and they arrived on the the 23rd. The " Caroline" and "Thornton," belonging to different owners, are sloops owned here and fitted out here for the jjrosecution of seal fishing in the North Pacific and Bchring's Sea. It seems from the accounts given tlmt they were j)eaceably pursuing their vocations and not within 70 miles of land when they were seized by United States' Revenue steamer "Corwin," as above stated. Some of the men were shipped '.o San Francisco ; the sloops and their masters are retained in some Akiska port. I inclose a cutting from a newspaper published here, which gives as correct an account of the niatter as we have at present, and also a .statement of the facts relating to the transfer to tbo United States of the Russian-. American possessions and of the lease and 80 concessions granted by the Government of the United States to the Company above mentioned. The matter has been already laid before the Honourable the Minister of Marine and Fisheries, who opportunely arrived here a few days after my receiving information of it; but 1 beg to call your earnest attention to it, so that, the whole case being laid before the Imperial authorities, steps may be taken not only to cause reparations to be made for the outrage committed, but to definitely prevent any possible repetition of it. TuE Sealing Schooner. Seizures. As the late seizures of an American and three British sealing schooners by an American Revenue cutter in the Behring's Sea aro almost certain to lead to international complications on account of the extravagance of the assumption upon which those seizures were made, a brief history of the events which led up to thern will be acceptable at the present time. In March 1867 a Treaty was made betwcei; Russia and the United States, by which Russia ceded all its possessions in Britisii North America to the Government of the United States. One of the terms of that Treatv declared that the western limit, within which the territories and dominion conveyed are contained, passes through a point in Behring's Straits on the parallel of G.')° 30' north latitude nt its intersection by the meridian which passes midway between the Islands of Krusenstern or Ignalook, and proceeds due north without limitation, into the same Frozen Ocean. The same western limit, beginning at the same initial point, proceeds thence in a couise nearly south-west through Behring's Sea, so as to pass midway between the north-west j)oint ot St. Lawrence and the south-east jjoint of Cape Choutkotski to the meridian of I1i2° west longitude, thence from the intersection of tiiat meridian in a south-westerly direction so as to pass midway between the Island of Attou and the Copper Island of the Kormandorski couplet or group in the North Pacific Ocean to the meridian of 1 93° west longitude, so as to include in the territory conve)ed the whole of the Aleutian Islands east of that meridian. So far, so good. In July 1870, in the 2nd Session of the 4lst Congress, ! •'. term oftwenty-tive years from May 1870, the right to engage in taking seals on the Islands of St. Paul and St. George. Anotiier section declares that any person who shall kill any fur-seals on either of the said islands, or in the waters adjaccni tliereto, witliout authority from the lessees thereof, or interfere with them in the lawful prosecution of their duty, siiall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanour, and shall for each offence or conviction be punished, and all their vessels, tackle, apparel, appurtenances, and cargo sliall be forfeited to the United States, In the month following the passage of tliis Act, that is in August 1870, a lease called the Seal Island J^ase was executed betsveen the United States' Government and the /Vlaska Commercial Company, a Corporation established in California. In return for the exclusive privilege of taking for twenty years (with certain restrictions) fur-seals in the Islands of St. Paul and St. George, the, lessees agreed to pay tiie Government an annual sum of 55,000 dollars, 2 dol. G2i} c. for each seal-skin taken, 5.5 cents for each gallon oi seal-oil sold, and to annually provide the natives with a certain quantity of provisions and fuel. The months of June, July, September, and October were, moreover, the oidy months during which the capture of the seals could l)e prosecuted. Under this lease or Concession this Company lias perpetuated its monopoly for sixteen years, reaping a vast profit therefrom. Not satisfied with the prolific source of its supply, and the facilities afforded it lor engaging in the business, the Company has sought and practically succeeded in coul rolling the fiu'-seal mariict by its aggressiveness in pretending to construe the term " and the waters adjacxMit thereto " as meaning that vast sea of waters included in the limits of cession named in the Russo-Ameriean Tre.itv of 18G7. In this interpretation it has received the unrelaxed support of the United States' GovernnuMit, whose interests in the matter are identical witii tiiose of the Company ; and liere it may he remarked that the royalty paid by the latter furnishes a handsome profit upon the purchase-money of Alaska Territorv. One or two American Revenue cutters are always cruizing in the i\28] ' F 2 36 Behring's Sea and that portion of the North Pacific to the soutii of the Aleutian Islands, ever on the alert to prevent any vessels but tliose of the Alaska Commercial Company from capturing seals there. Meeting with no effectual opposition, and the cost of litigatijn precluding any chances of success lor tiie appellart, the Government has hecome more and more aggressive, until Hnailv, changing from a defensive to an offensive supervision, their action has culminated in the deliherate seizure of three British sailing sciiooners upon, whatever a national greed may declare to tiie contrary, the high and open seas, recognized by international law as part ol the worlds great highway, free to the commerce of all countries, and a natural means of intercourse of all nations. It is laid down as one of the first principles of maritime and commercial international law that the open sea or main ocean is, like the atmosphere, free for common use to all mankind, and cannot be appropriated by any State to the exclusion of the others. Bearing in mind tiie huge improbability of the act of the Revenue cutter not being in consonance with Governmental orders, what do we find r That a nation, disregarding on one coast the the belt of the sea littoral which constitutes the range belonging to coast defence, is actually assuming on another coast supreme maritime jurisdiction over a waste of waters comprising half tiic northern jjart of a vast ocean. In the exercise of this self-arrogated authority foreign mercantile vessels are forcibly seized and, with their cargoes, are declared confiscated, while with an unaccountable magnanimity the crews, after being landed at an American port many hundred miles distant from the scene of their capture, are allowed to go at large. It may be advanced that if open to indiscriminate capture the fur-seal would have ere this become extinct, or nearly so. But though this has been tlie case with the seal in the southern regions it is a fact, which, deplorable as it may be, would furnish a most flimsy excusf: lo a Government whose regulation of the industry in Alaskan waters is prompted not by philanthropy, hut by strictly mercenary considerations. So far has this iatter disposition carried them as to cause them to become responsible for an act which, if committed by a vessel privately manned and owned, would bear but one interpretation. As it is, the act is one that is rash, aggressive, and, in the face of what is known, bitterly unjust, and is already spoken of as an unworthy means of reprisal for the late seizures made by Canada of American fishing-vessels on the Atlantic coast. The scaling schooners when seized were over 70 miles from any land, and how, with this fact before them, the United States' Government can attempt, with any show of reason, to Justify the coriduct of the Commander of the " Corwin," it is difficult to imagine. With that evidence we hav(! at hand, the seizures and detention arc manifestly illegal, and representations of the affai • through the proper official channels have already been forwarded to the Home Government. Britain is not belligerent, the strength she possesses — imparted by the commerce she conducts in every quarter of the globe — she does not misuse. Mr. Munroe to Mr. Spring, August 7, 188fi. [See Inclosure 4 in No. 7.] Dear Sir, Victoria, British Columbia, November 1.1, 1886, As our sealing schooners will leave Victoria on or about t;,L 1 0th December for the sealing expeditions of 1887, many of them will not return to Victoria until September, or, in other words, not until the Behring's Sea trip is completed. We are, accordingly, anxious to know what is being done in the case cf our seized vessels, and whether or not we may look for protection against what we and even tlie American press is i)loased to term piracy. We have no occasion to interfere with the Alaska Commercial Com|)any's rights on the I'riboloff Islands, nor do our vessels come anywhere near laud. The fact is, we take out at sea from .')0 to 100 miles what the Honourable II. Elliot, of the Smithsonian Institute, in his Report of 1874 on the Seal Islands, calls " batchelor seals," or those not required on breeding-grounds, to which Report I would be pleased to call your attention. The industry is of too much importance to Canada to allow the Alaska Commercial Company to dictate who shall and who shall not take seals on the high or Behring's Sea. For the se:»8on of 1880 there was brought into Victoria from the Pacific Ocean and Behring's Sea, and shipped therefrom lo England and the United States, 50,000 skins, valued at about ;{50,000 dollars. It is evident that the business is worth protecting. .fust here allow me to contradict a statement made by Special Agent Single, of the United States' Treasury Department, in whicli he says that three-fourths of the seals shot in the water sink and are lost. From the experience of our hunters I maintam but a small percentage is lost in this way, probably not over one in fifty. I doubt if the loss 87 is as great as that caused by tlie rejection of skins after being chibbed by the Alaska Commercial Company on the islands, to which reference is made in the Tables of Klliot's Report. The Americans themselves in 1824 repudiated Russia's claim to the Behring's Sea when Russia seized the Jioston brig "Pearl " for whaling. Two years later Russia had to give the vessel up, and paid damages. In conclusion, I may say that the seized skins are liable to be valueless on account of neglect. Captain Ogilvie's body has been discovered ; a jury was empanelled, and a verdict was civen in accordance with the facts of the case. Hoping you may be pleased to advise us in this matter before our vessels sail, you will confer a great favour on vour most obedient servant. (Signed) WM. MUNSIE. The Honourable George E. Foster, Minister of Marine and Fisheries, No. 23. The Earl of Idde.ileigh to Sir L, West. — {Substance feler/raphed.) Sir, Foreign Office, January 8, 1887. REFERRING to previous correspondence in regard to the case of the three Canadian schooners engaged in the seal fishery in Behring's Sea, I transmit to you here- with a copy of a letter from the Colonial Office, with a despatch, and its inclosures, from the Governor-General of Canada, explaining the views of the Dominion Government in the matter.'^ Nearly four months have now elapsed since my despatch of the 9th September last was addressed to you, in which you were directed to invite the Government of the United States to furnish you with any particulars they might possess relative to the occurrence ; and furtlier instructions were sent to you in my subsequent dcspalches of the 20th, 21st, and 30th October and the 18th November, but up to the present date no reply has been received from that Government as to the alleged proceedings of their officials. I have now to instruct you to express to Mr. Bayard the concern of Her Majesty's Government at receiving no reply to the serious representations which they have felt compelled to make on the information which has reached them respecting the proceedings of the United States' cruizer "Corwin" in seizing British sealing schooners on the high seas, and to urge, with all the force which the gravity of the case requires, the immediate attention of the United States' Government to the action of the American authorities in their treatment of these vessels, and of their masters and crews. I am, &c. (Signed) IDDESLEIGH. No. 24. Sir L. West to the Earl of Idilesleigh. — (Received January 21.) My Lord, Washington, January 10, 1887, 1 HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Lordship's telegram of the 8th instant, and to inclose to your Lordship herewith copy of a note which I immediately addressed to the Secretary of State, referring to my notes of the 27th Se|)temher, 21st October, and 7th December last, and to your Lordship's despatch of the 30tii October, copy of which I placed in his hands on the l2th November, and expressing the sense in which Her iSlajesty's Government viewed his silence with regard to the communications which hud been made to him respecting the seizure of British vessels in Behring's Sea. I have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILIJS WEST. Inclosiire in No. 24. Sir L. West to Mr. Bayard. Sir, Washington, January 9, 1887. I HAVE the honour to inform you that I have received instructions from the Earl of Iddesleigh, Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, again to • No. 22. 38 bring to your notice the grave representations made by Her Majesty's Government respecting tiie seizure of the British vessels "Carolina," "Onward," and "Thornton" in Ikhriiig's Sea, by the United Status' criiizer " Corwin," to which no reply has as yet been returned. On the :27th September last I had the honour to address to you a note in which I . Wctt to Her Majesty's Secretary of State, Foreign Office, — {Received January TiG.) My Lord, lV\ 1H)*7. WITH reference to previous corres|)oiulence respecting the seizure ol Canadian sealing schooners in Behring's Sini, I am directed by Hecretary Sir II. Holland id transmit to you, to he laid before the Mari|uis ol Sulisbury. a copy of a despatch, with its iriclosures, from the Governor-liencral of Canada on the subject. Si'i H. Holland will be glad to be informed of any action which Lu'd Salisbury may think proper to take upon this dcHpatcli, u\ order that the Maripiis of Lansdowiic may be apprised uceurdingly. I am, tVc. (Signed) JOHN HHAMSTON. 41 ' Inclosiire 1 in No. 28. • . • .'■' The Marquis of Lunsdovme to Mr. Stanhope. Sir, Government House, Ottawa, January 15, 1887. WITH reference to previous correspondence respecting the seizure of Canadian seatini; sciiooiiers in Reliring's Sea, I have the lionour to transmit to you, in order th;it .eparation may be sought from the United States' Government, a copy of an approved Report of a Committee o'.' tlie Privy Council of Canada, submitting papers containing full statements of claims for damage sustained and compensation demanded bv the owners, masters, and mates of the schooners "Onward," "Thornton," and "C;iroiina." '.!.'■- I have, &c. (Signed) LANSDOWNE. Inclosure 'z in No. 28. Report of a Committee of the Honourable the Privy Council for Canada, approved by his Excellency the Governor-General in Council on the 3rd January, 1887. ON a Report dated the 27th December, 1886, from the iMinistcr of Marine and Fisheries, submitting papers containing full statements of claims for damage sustained and compensation demanded by tlie owners, masters, anil mates of the sealing schooners "Onward," "Thornton," and "Carolina," wliich vessels were seized by the United States' Revenue cutter "Corwin" in Behring's Sea in August ' <(J, ami concerning which Cull rcpret.tiitations have been made to Her INIujcsty's Oovci icnl in despatches bearing date respectively the 23rd and 24th September and the 2'Jtii Novoinber, 1S8G, and recommending that copies of the same be transmitted !o the Right HonDurable tlie i'riucipal Secretary of State for the Colonies, in ordur that reparation may li. sought, from the United States' Government for all damages and loss to British subjects conseiiu'-nt \i|)on the illegal action of the United Slates' olKcers in the cases referred to: The Committee, concurring in the above, advise that your Excellency bo moved to transmit copios of the papers accordingly. ;\ll which is respectfully submitted for your Excellency's approval. (Signed) JOHN J. McGEE, Clerk, ' Privy Council. Documents annexed to preceding Report. ' ■ '..•.. The Claim of Dani'^ Munroe, Master of the British Schooner " Onward." ' I claim against the Government of the United States, or whom it may concern, ti>e sum of 8,000 dollars for loss of wages, lay-out, damages, and indeuinity for illegal seizure of the schooner " Onward " by the Comniander of the United States' .steamer " (Jorwin " in Behring's Sea on the 1st August, 188(1, or thereabouts, and for detention and subse- (piiMit wrongful imprisonment in gaol at .Sitka. (Daniel .Munroe, by his Attorney in fact), (Signed) EDGAR CROVV-BAKER. Victnriti, nriliKh Columbia, October 20, 1886. The Claim of Uans Gutlormsen, Master of the British Schooner " Thornton," I claim against the Government of the United States, or whom it may concern, the Hum of 8,000 dollars for loss of wages, lay-out, damages, and indemnity for illegal seizure of the schooner "Thornton" by \\w Commander of the United States' steamer "Corwin" in the Behring's 8ctt on the 1st August, 1880, and for detention and subseijucnt wrongful imprisonment in gaol ut Sitku. (UunH Outtormsen, by his Attorney iu fact), ,,, : .,,, ; ,, '■ ,;,,,^, (Signed) EDGAR CROW-BAKER. Victoria, lirttish Cohmhin, October 20, I88t3. __^ ' ' ' " ' [128] 42 Damages claimed by the owner of Schooner " Carolina " in re.ipect of her Seizure by the United States' Steam-ship " Corwin" while fishing in liehring's Sea. British Columbia, to wit. I, William Munsie, of Victoria, British Columbia, owner of tne British schooner "Carolina," do solemnly and sincerely declare: — 1. That the value of the said vessel at the time of her seizure by the United States' steam-ship " Corwin " was 4,000 dollars, and the cost of her outfit, when she left Victoria for the Behring's Sea, was 3,000 dollars. 2. That she carried a crew of eleven men, and the estimated wages due to the master and men for four months from the 15th day of May, 1886, to the time of the return of the said men to Victoria is 4,600 dollars. 3. That at the time of her capture by the "Corwin" she had 686 seal-skins, which were worth, at 7 dollars each, 4,802 dollars. 4. That the probable catch for the season, estimated from the number of skins taken by the schooner " Mary Ellen," which was 3,554 skins, and by the number of skins taken when the said schooner was captured, would be 3,000 skins, the value of which would be 21,000 dollars. 5. That the loss sustained by me in consequence of the detention of the said schooner, and my being unable to employ her in ordinary work after the sealing season is over, is 450 dollars a-month, which sum I claim until the vessel is returned home in good order and condition. 6. That I have also paid and incurred liabilities connected with the arrest of the said vessel, and in defence of the master and crew, for legal and other expenses, 1 ,000 dollars. And I make this solemn declaration, conscientiously believing the same to be true, by virtue of the Act passed in the 37th year of Her Majesty's reign, intituled " An Act for the Suppression of Voluntary and Extra-judicial Oaths." (L.S.) (Signed) WILLIAM MUNSIE. Taken and declared before me this 20th October, 1886. (Signed) M. W. Tyhwhitt Buakk, Notary Public, Victoria, British Columbia. Damages claimed by the Owner of the " Onward" und "Favourite" in respect of their Seizure by the United States' Steiim-ship ''Corwin" while fishing in liehring's Sea. British Columbia, to wit. I, Charles Spring, of Victoria, British Columbia, owner of the British schooners '■ Onward " and " Favourite," do solemnly and sincerely declare : — 1. That the value of the said vessel "Onward" at the time of her seizutc by the United States' steam-shin " Corwin" was 4,000 dollars, and the cost of the outfit when she left Victoric f;;r es lor my illegal arrest and imprisonuient on board the " Corwin " and in goal at Sitka from the 1st August to the 10th September, 1880. (Signed) JAMES BLAKE. Witness: (Signed) M. W. Tviiwiurr Duakk. Victoria, British Columbia. 1, John Margoticli, mate of the schooner " Onward," claim .'),000 dollars as damages lor my illegal arrcHt and imprisontncnt on board the United States' vessel " Corwin " and in gudi at Sitka from the 23rd August, 1880, to the 2our letter (,f the 8th instant, forwarding a copy of a despatch, with itH ineloKures, froti; tlic ' ioverror-C cncral of Canada, reliiting l(» the claims for (lumanes siistuincd and compensation cii^mantlnr'i by the owners, nifiKterK, ami mates of the British schooners "Onward," "Thornton," and '• Caiolinn," which were seized by the United State*' Revenue cruizcr" Corwin " !;.8t August, while engaged in seal fishing in Bchring's Sea. In reply, 1 am directed by his Lordship to re<]ticEt that you will sURsjist to Sir H. Holland that it mif^iit be deHirnltlc to defer laying these claims before the liovernineiit of the United States until Her Majesty's Govcrninuul liavc had an opportunity of examining the statement as to the circumstances under which the seizures look place wliich is referred to in Sir L. Wc»t'» tvlegraut of tiiu 4th instant, communicated to you on the following day. 4^.i 1 am to add that, should this suggestion meet with Sir H. Holland's concurrence, imtractlcns will be sent accordingly to Sir L. West. I am &c. . , (Signed) JULIAN PAUNCEFOTB. No. 30. ; Sir L. West to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received February 15.) My (yirrl, Washington, January 30, 1887. t HAVE the honour to transmit herewith the Report of the Governor of Alaska for rnejear 1886. I have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE WEST. Inclosure in No. 30. Extract from the Report of the Governor of Alaska for the Fiscal Year 1 886. Protection of Fur Seal and Sea Otter, THE capture of one American and three British vessels while engaged in taking *i'Ah In the inland waters of A iska by the Revenue cutter "Corwin" hiis no {!'j'ibt been (Mj reported hy her zealous and meritorious Commander, Captain C. A. Abbey, to the {.tcf^.r Department, and but for the fact that the officers and crews were brought to Sitka, *iwt, tf>s^f;fner with the captured property, turned over to the United States' Marshal, the bjw;t might not be considered one within the province of this Report. The masters *Mi mates of the several vessels were tried at a special term of the District Court, and Aft r.cmvioted and sentenced to brief terms of imprisonment, and three of them to payment f^ finf% ranging from 300 dollars to COO dollars each. The terms f)f imprisonment of all save the master of the American vessel having very .'.i^arl'y expired on the 29th September, on the urgent request and recommendation of the roTK-Mirabie Judge of the District Court before whom the convictions were had, I granted JMpites in the several cases, save the exception noted, and the prisoners were released and *Jfe»i#efl to depart fo. their several homes. They were without means, and, had they been dtiiiMf] until the exuiration of their sentences, would have become objects of charity *rw>ng strangers until the sailing of the next monthly steamer. ..■> rhese seizures have most probably raised an international question involving the riflfhf of the United States to exclusive jurisdiction over the waters of the Behring's Sen north ft/ fh<^ Aleutian Islands and east of the lOSrd meridian west longitude, it may not be imh*'.r.(ifi\\t\^ in me to suggest that unless that right is insisted upon and maintained, an ilwfiMtry which now yields u revenue ccpial to a fair rate of interest on the amount paid for tfcit whole of Alaska will not only be destroyed, but the means of livelihood will likewise hf: fakfn away from a large number of people whom tiie Goverimient is bound by every f-onrndtTSiUnn of honour and public policy to protect. I can conceive of no other plan by mh'\«Thfir thry ought not now to be yielding a very nmch larger revenue to the Clovern- iwcnt, !■< fi r|ii(:sti():i to be discussed a year or two hence. It is reasonably »t nxhn 49 ' ' No. 31. Colonial Office to Foreign Office. — {Received February 28.) Sir, Douminrj Street, February 26, 1887. 1 AM directed by Secretary Sir H. Holland to acknowledge tlie receipt of your letter of the I4tli instant, and to state that he concurs in the Marquis of Salisbury's proposal to defer, temporarily, presenting to the United States the claims to compensation advanced by the Government of Canada in respect of sailing-vessels recently seized in Behring's Sea. I am, &c. (Signed) JOHN BRAMSTON. No. 32. Sir L. West to the Marquis of Salisbury. — (Received March 31.) My Lord, Washington, March 18, 1887. I HAVE the honour to inclose to your Lordship herewith copies of a letter addressed to the President by a firm in San Francisco, engaged in the seal fishery in Behrins's Sea, complaining of the pretension of the Alaska Seal Company to exclusive jurisdiction over waters 3,000 miles long and 2,700 miles wide, and setting forth the grievances resulting therefrom. Allusion is made to the case of the American vessel " Ocean Spray," which went to the Island of St. Paul in 1876 and was seized for killing seals, and to the decision of the Judge of the Circuit Court of Oregon, to the effect that the vessel had not violated the Act of Congress. The Treasury Circular of 1872 is also cited as proving ihat American vessels had the right to enter Behring's Sea, from which the Company sought to exclude them. I have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE \VEST. Inclosure in No. 32. Extract from the "New York Herald " of March 17, 1887. (From our regular Correspondent.) " Herald " Bureau, Corner Fifteenth and G Streets, N.W., Washington, March 16, 1887. THE following letter, addressed to the President, has just been received: — "32, Clay Street, San Francisco, California, " March 2, 1887. "To his Excellency Grover Cleveland, President of the United States: " Sir, " Some respectable basiness men of the Pacific coast, owners of American vessels, have recently been assailed through the columns of tho public press in a scnii-oflicial manner as ' marauders ' and 'pinites' on the ocean, their properly seized and forfeited, their business jeopardized, and their sea ventures utterly destroyed, without any reasonable or justifiable excuse or cause. "The pretended cause is, and it is so asserted, that they have violated section 1,956 of the Revised Statutes of the United States, which foibids the killinir of fur-seals or fur- bearing animals ' within ' the waters of Alaska Territory, ignoring tlu' fact whetiier or not they were actually engaged in the killing of seals on the high seas or had made prc|)arations so to do outside of the waters of Alaska Territory. On mere suspicion, they and their property have been remorselessly seized in the name of the United States by oiiicials who have been engaged for the past many months in sounding the praisrs of the Alaska Commercial Company throughout the land, and adding to their usurpations by vilifying their victims. " The time seems to have come when the great interests involved in the free and legitimate shipping ventures of the merchant marine of the nation demand that official [128] II 80 inquiry be made into the arbitrary conduct of Government officials in Behving's Sea, m connection with the usurpation of a Company at whose instance these arbitrary acts are committed. " This Company, one of the nost stupendous organizations that ever existed in this country, and the peer of the Easl India and Hudson Bay Companies, was incorporated many years ago under the laws of tlie State of CaHfoniia as the Alaska Commercial Company. , ^ " Grabbing the Ocean. " It has taken possession of and assumed sovereign power over the most valuable fisheries of tlie whole United Statis, liainely, the Alaska tislicries in Behring's Sea, and without shadow of right or autlioriiv, except a lease from the United States, dated the 3rd August, 1870, permitting it to kil. 100,000 seals annually upon two small islands in Behring's Sea, at a rent of SS.OOO dollars ))er annum, &c., has taken possession and control, not only of the Territory, but also of a vast sea 3,000 miles long by 'J, 700 miles wide, has made itself the Suzerain of the Government, and impressed into its service tlie officers and agents of the Government to maintain its possession and control of this immense territory and sea. "Alexander the Great was not a robber, although he absorbed kingdoms, and the Alaska Conmiereial Company is not a ' pirate,' although it has ab.sorbcd Alaska and an ocean. " It has established exclusive trading ))osts at all the available stations in that immense territory, on the coast, along the rivers, and upon the islands of Behring's Sea. It exercises absolute dominion over the natives, and holds them in a state of practical bondage. It has exterminated the seals on certain islands to prevent them from falling into the hands of other traders. Its agents have, in violation of law, defaced the silver join of the United States with a stamp for purposes of trade, and refuse to accept any other when tendered by the natives for the purchase of the necessaries of life. It has extended its dominion into llussian territory to the restriction and detriment of trade upon the whole of Behring's Sea north of latitude 53", and bv an extension of jurisdiction, unknown to modern law, has procured the seizure of vessels fishing in llussian waters, upon the assumption of encroachment upon its privileges granted by the United States under the lease to fish on the Islands of St. Paul and St. George in Alaska. " Crimes against the Nation. " It has designedly violated the conditions of its lease by the failure to take oil from the carcasses of the seals killed, to the damage and loss to the Government of hundreds of thousands of dollars, by throwing away millions of carcasses of seals without extracting the oil, the lease having been obtained upon an agreement to pay the (Jovcrnnient '55 cents per gallon for oil obtained from said seals' killed by it on the leased inlands. Its agents use the United States' Revenue cutters as a means of transportation, for private benefit ; consult with and influence their officers, to the detriment of American vessels in the waters of Behring's Sea: it aids and abets tlie Indians of Oumduska to kill by shooting from the shore, contrary to law, young seals and cows ; obtains the skins .uid sells the salted carcasses back to the Indians ; it refuses to aid American vessels in distress, by refusing to sell them provisions ; it has for its paid agents officers or employes of the Government v/hose duty to the Government is overshadowed by the instructions of and for the benefit of the Company; it sells to the natives at high prices large quantities of condemned and worthless tobacco in violation of the internal revenue laws; it employs and pr.ys attorneys to prosecute Government cases where American citizens are falsely and unjustly accused of crime, and, in order to maintain its supremacy over Alaska and the whole of Behring's Sea, it now seeks, by infamous prosecutions, to prevent American citizens from even traversing and risliing upon the high seas, under the absurd pretence that the waters of the whole of Hehring's Sea are adjacent to the Islands of St. Paul and St. George, and claims to be molested and disturbed in their lease of said islands by fishing- vessels hundreds of miles away and beyond the boundaries of the United States. , ,,, > j/vri; ,; , , . " Monstrous Claims, ' ■).■ . ...i . (jo,:, "This Company claims that the waters of Behring's Seu are within the limits of Alaska, and procures the seizure, through subservient Government officers, of every vessel that dares to traverse thos? waters, or is found anywhere therein on a seal-hunting voyage. j,, ■ , , ., • mi ji'i.u'wm ';.■! i . n. .,'Ja'j.' g ir • ;;,( ■ y.-.:»ce to make this system all-powerful seems to be the annexing of Sii)eria to the lease, and the transporting of these so-called pirates to its penal mines. The same theory of ' adjacency ' would certainly apply. "Through Ibis policy of Government officers permitting this Company to extend its powers under the lease, the (iovernment will surely lose in the end perhaps the greatest and most profitable industry in the world, namely, the seal fisheries of Alaslia. "The fishery question now agitating the New England States, and the interests involved there, are a mere bagatelle to those of the Alaska fisheries. "It is charged that our American fishermen are exterminating the seals in Behring's Sea, and they have piratically,' during the season of 1880, captured 200,000 seals in excess of the number aulhorized to be taken by the Alaska Commercial Company at the islands. This is the statement in a letter to o San Francisco paper, dated the 20th February, lrt87, of Lieutenant J, C. Cantwell, an officer employed in the United States' Revenue Service, stationed in Alaskan waters. But this is contradicted by the records of our Courts, which show ihat only 577 fur-seal skins were seized on American vessels last [128] H 2 62 season, and proof was offered, but not admitted, that these were caught in the Pacific Ucean ; and M. Phillipens, tlie Russian agent of the Alaska Commercial Company, in his Report of tiie catch of that Company for the season of 18SG, states that tiie Company killed 202,000 fur-seals in the waters of Behring's Sea. So that, on the testimony of the Company itself, these so-called * piratical ' American fishermen are not engaged in the work of extermination to any serious extent, but this Company is engaged in that work. The same Lieutenant Cantwell, who is an ardent (but incoherent) writer, in the same communication, states that not one-half the number of seals are killed that should be, because they are increasing so rapidly ; and we feel just cause of complaint that American fishermen are arrested and tiieir property confiscated for doing that which the Alaska Commercial Company is permitted to do in violation of a lease which restricts its catch to the Islands of St. Paul and St. George. " Court Decisions disregarded. " Under the decisions of our Courts, and the opinion of the Treasury Department, as given in 1872, every citizen has a right to tish for fur-seals in the waters of Behring's Sea when distant a full marine league from tlie shore. " But these decisions and former rulings of the Treasury Department arc disregarded, and no one except this Company is permitted to kill seals anywhere in Behring's Sea. "At a time when Congress is making an ciT'ort to protect the fisheries of the Atlantic coast, the ofUcers of the Government on the Pacific coast, with singular inconsistency, are destroying and preying upon the commerce of its own citizens. " It is tc be ho| t.l that this mistaken policy of the (lovcrnment officials will be changed upon iiivest! - iion of their conduct and that of the lessees of the Government, and that the great injury heretofore committed, and ubout to lie repeated, upon our fishing-vessels by them, will he prevented. " \Vc make this statement because we have bttii (Unspoiled of our property. One of our vessels, the ' San Diego,' seized and taken to Sitka and condemned, her cargo of seal-skins, taken in tlie open sea, left in the care of the Alaska Commercic! Company's warehouse at an island in mid-ocean; the voyage of another schooner, the 'Sierra,' broken up and destroyed ; because our efforts to procure the signature of the Judge of the District Court of Alaska to a summary statement of the facts of the eases, (or trans- mission to the Secretary of the 'I'rensury, for a remission of the forfeiture, have been disregarded and ignored at the instigation of the Cijni|)any, whose own attorney acted as special counsel for the (ioverninent id procuring said forlciture; because our Petition and requests to tiie Secretnry of the TnMisury, mnde months ago lor relief, and to bring said property within reach of a civilized community, to prevent its utter destruction by rot and decay, remain unnoticed and unanswered; because it is undeistood tliut large appro- priations are al)out to i)e made for the purjiose of enaliling Hevenue cruizers to continue their policy of preying upon American commerce in Mehring's Sea, and guarding those waters as a closed sea. And it is respectfully suggested that the sul)ject-matter be submitted to the Law (Jlliceis of the (ioviMiiment, that instructions may be issued and published by the Treasury Department to Hevenue Marine ollicers, to guide tiicm in the piopor execution of the laws relating to Alaskan waters, so that all jiersons engaged in seal fishing may understand their rights in this bi'anch of our domestic commerce. " Impressed with the belief that we have exhausted our ellbrts to obtain either a hearing or redresi is our apology for appealing to the Cliief Kxecutive of the nation. " With great resjiecti vours, &c, (Signed) " L. N. II.andy ano Co." No. »3. Colitnidl Office to Foreiijn Office. — {Heceivrd April *i.) BIr, Downinij Street, April 2, 1887. WITH reference to previous corresponilencc, I am dirccled by Seen-tary Sir II. Holland to transmit to you, to be laid belore the iMiir(|ui> ol Siilishury, copy ol a telegram from the Covernor-CJeneral of Canada iiKjuiriiig whether owners of vessels now fitting out for this rear's ti ip to Kehring's Sea may depend upon being unmolested by United States' cruizers wlicn not near land. I nni to request that impiiry may be nuide of the United States' Uovurnmcnt on thia 53 point, and that Sir H. Holland may be informed of the answer wliich Lord Salisburj' desires should be returned to the Governor-General. I am, &c. (Signed) JOHN BRAMSTON. Inclosurc in No. 33. The Marquis of Lnnsdowne to Sir H. Holland. (Telegraphic.) March 31, 1887. OWNERS of vessels now fitting out for this year's trip to Behrin/s Sei inquire whether they may depend upon being unnjolested by United States' eruizers when not near land. Please telegraph reply. No. 34. The Marquis of Salisbury to Sir L. West. Sir, Foreign OJfire, April 2, 1887. ( HAVE to request that you will inquire of tiic United States' Cjovernment whether the owners of vessels at present fitting out for tiiis year's trip to Bcliring's Sea may de])end upon not being molested by United States' cruizers when not near the land. You will be good enough to inform me on this subject by telegraph. I have further to instruct you to ascertain from the United States' (lovernment whether they have received the documents connected with the seizure of Hritisb vessels last autumn in IJehriiig's Sea, whicii were referred to in your despatch of the 4th February last. I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. either a Co." 1887. f Sir H. telegram ittiiifj^ out d States' No. 3.'). Sir L. West tn the Marquis of Salisbury. — {lieceiied April 1 1.) My Lord, Washington, March 29, 1887. I HAVE the honour to report to your Lordship that the United States' stenin-ship "Thetis" has sailed from New York, and will proceed round Ciipe Horn and ii[» the west coast to Alaska. It is reported that the Secretary of the Treasury has received a letter from the Alaska Coniinercial ("ompany, coni|)laining that private parties are taking seals in the waters ahout Alaska, and asking for more Revenue cutters to be sent for tlieir protection. Tho Company further ask that the United States' (Jovernment should jirobibit all killing of seals within the eastern half of Hehriiig's Sea, or from a point beginning at Behring's Straits, and passing from the north-west end of St. J^awrenee Island in a south-easterly direction to t!\e Island of Attou, at the extreme westerly point of the Aleutian Archipelago. I hnvc, &c. (Signed) L. 8. SACKVILLE WEST. No. 36. Sir L. West to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received April 11.) My Lord, Washington, Ap.it 2, 1887. I HAVE the honour to inform your Lordship that the (Commander of the Cnitcd States' Revenue cutter •' (Jallalin " has been cited to appear before the Admiralty Court in the Boston district to answer to the nllcation that in .lune last, while in command of the United States' steamer "Ciirwin,'' he took liy force iVoiii Ihi- American schooner " Sierra'* her arms and aininunitioii, at a point in the o|)''n sea .')(l miles north ol Ounalasku, wiiile she was navigating thi^ waters of the North I'aeitie O.-ean on a hunting and tishiiig expedition, llius breaking up her voyage, to the ilamaiie of the plaintiffs of '-''-'..IdO dollars. 1 havi' instructed Wvy Majesty » Consul at Boston to watch this c:ise. and report flip (lecision of the Court. I hnvc, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLi; WEST, 54 No. 37. • ■ 1 . • M.j Sir L. IVest to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received by telegraph, April 13.) My Lord, Washinytan, April V^, 1887. WITH reference to your Lordship's lelegrani of the 2ikI instant, I have the luinnur to inclose to your Lordship herewith copy of a note wiiich I addressed to the iSecivtary of State, as well as a copy of the reply thereto, stating that the records of the judicial proceedings in the cases of the British vessels seized in Behring's Sea were leceived at the State Department on Saturday last, and are now under examination, and that the remoteness of the scene of tlse lur-scal fisheries has delayed the Treasury officials in fi'aminii; appropriate Rcffulntions and issuing orders to the United States' police vessels which infoiination 1 had the honour to telegraph to your Lordship this day. I have, &c, (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE WEST. Inclosuro 1 in No. Vil. Sir L. West to Mr. Bayard, Sir, IVashiwjton, April 4, 1887. IN view of the opproachin;^ fishing season in Behring's Sea, and the fitting out of vessels i'nv tisliini; operations in those waters, Her Majesty's Government have re(|ueste(l mo to in()uire wliethcr the owners of such vessels iiiuy rely on hcing unmolested by the truizers ol tiic United States when not near land. Her Majesty's tJovernuK'nt are also tlesirous to know whether the documents referred to in your note of the 3rd Fehrnary last, eomiected with the seizure of certain liritisii vessels beyond the 3-mik' limit, and legul proceedmgs connected therewith, have been ruccivi'd. and I have the honour, llierelbre, to rjMpiest you to be good enough to enalilc me to reply to these inquiries on the part of Her Majesty's Government with as little delay as possible, I have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVnXE WEST. Inclosurc 2 in No. ^T. Mr. liayard to Sir L. West. Sir, Department of Stale, IVashinyton, April I '2, 1 887. I IIAVI' the honour to aeknowledgi; your note ot the Ith instant, relative to the rishiMies in Ikliring's Sea, and in(|uiring svliether the documents referred to in my note of the .Ird February, relating to the cases of seizure in those waters of vessels charged with viiiliiting tin- laws ol the United States regulatini; the killing of fur-seals, had been received. 'I'bc records of the judicial proceedings in the <'iises in the District Court in .\la!-kii icfemil to were only rcucivcd at this Department on Saturday last, and are now under examination. The remolent'ss of the scene of the fur-seal fisheries, and the special peculiarities ol that industry, have imavoidably delayed the Treasury oliiciids in framing M|ipropriate Kcgulati )ns, and issuing orders to United Stat('s' vessels to p(dice the Alaskan waters for the protection of the fur-seals from indiscriminate slaughter, and conse(|uent speedy uxtermiuiitiou. The laws of the United States in this behalf are (ontained in the Revised Statutes relating to Alaska in sections lUi'iO.!')/!, and have been in force for upwards of sevcntcon years, and prior to thu sei/.urcs of last summer but a single intruelion is known to havo occurred, ami that was promptly |uinished. The (pu'stion of instructiuiiH to (ioverument venselit in regard to preventing the ii\discriminat(^ killing of fur-scnis is iu)w being consideied, ami 1 will inform you at liio curliest day possible what has been decided, so that Itritish and otiior vusNelH viHiliiig the waters in (|uestioii cnn govern themselves accordingly. I llAVO, &c, (Signed) T. V. BAYARD. 65 Annex. Chattkh III. Provisions relating to the Unoryunized Territory of Alaaka. Section. 1U54. Custcms, S.C., Laws extended to AInikn. 19.'),'). Itnportiitioii i>t' Kire-rtiuiH and I)l.~tiiled Spiiils may be pioliiliitpd. 10'i6. K!!!'"^ lit' l''iir-1)eniii.;,' Animals pidhiliitid. iSi/, Wliat CiiuilN to liiive jurisdiction nl' offi^iccs. ■ lU.IS. i!>riui;..i'>u of FiiicH, ke. 1U5!). Siiiiit i aul and !*:iint Gcdipe I^lidds (Iceland Spi'eiul Itestrvations. lOf.'O. Killing of Seal upon them proliiliited eNecpt in certain montlis. liHil. Killmp o( certain .Soul proliil)iled. \WY1. Limit to nmnliei- ol Seait to he killed. 11103. liiKlit to take Seal niav be leaseil. I'Jfil. Bond. ISIG.'). AVIio may lease. IDtitJ. Coveiiaiitri in Lease, 1907. Penalty, lll'iS. I'eindtv upon Lenses. 1iU)9. Tax upon Seal-skins. 1970. Leape may lie termiiiaied. r..'71. LesseeH to I'liniisli (.'opii's to Masters of their Vessels. 1072. Certain Sections may lie altered. 197.1. Apiitfl and .As-istants to manage Seal I'islieries. 1974. Their poy, ic. 1975. Not to he interested in rii'Ilt to take Seals. 1970). Aijehts may administer eertain Oaths and Like Testimony. Sec. 19o4. The luw.s of the United State.s relutinjj to customs, comuiuicc, anil navigation are e.vlended to and over all tiic main-hmd, island.'^, and waters ol' the territory ceded to tiie United iStates h\ the Kmperor of llussia hy 'J"reaty eoneludcd at Washington on the ;]()lii day of .Marcii, A.n. 18i.)7, so far a.s the same may he applieable thereto. See. 11)").'). 'I'iie I'lesident shall have power to restriet and rej^ulate or to prohiiiit the importation an( tise of lin<-arms, annnunition, and diijtilled spirits into and within the 'I'erritory of Alaska. Tlie exportation of the same from any other port or plaee in Ihe I'nittd Slates, when desitined to any port or |)laee in that Territory, and all sueh lU'ms, amnnmition, and distilleil spirits, exj orletl or attempted to he e.vported irom anv port or plaee in tlie United States and destined for sueh Territory, in viohition of any regtdations that may he pre- scribed imtler this seetion, and all such arms, ammunilion, and distilled spirits landed or attempted to he laniled or usctl at any port or plaee in the Territory, in violation ol such rejiidations, shall he forleited ; and it the value of the .same e.seeeds 400 dollars the vessel upon which the same is lomid, or tVom whie'' '.!\ey have heen landed, together with her tackle, apparel, and furniture aiei earijo, shall he forleited; and any person wilfully violating such regid;.lions shall ho (incd not more than .'iUO dollurs, or imprisoned not more limn six months, lio^id.t uuty he reipnred lor a faithhd ohscMvimce of sihjIi regulations from the nnister or owners of any \ess»'l dcpnrtiiig from any port in thi United Statcu having on hoard (ire-arms, ammunition, or disiilled spirits, when such vessel Is destined to any place in Ihe Tcirilory, or if not so destined, when there is rensonahle !;romnl of suspicion lint suih aitieles are intentlel lo be landed therein in violation of law ; and similar hoiidg may also ho rei|iiii'ed on the landing of any such arliiles in Ihe 'IViritory from the person to whom the same may be eonsigiu'd. See, I '.».")(). No piisDii i,|,all kill nny otter, mink, marten, sable, or fur-seal, or other fur-hciunm aniund w ilhni the liimt-- of Alaska 'i'erritory, or in the waters thereof J and c\(iy person :;uilty ihen'of shall, for each oU'ence, be lined not less than 'JOO nor mole ihan 1,000 dollars, or imprisoned not more than six montiis, or both; anil all vessels, their tackle, apparel, lurmtm'e, and cargo, found engaged ill violation of this section sh.dl he forleited; but the Secretary of the Treasury shall have po»cr lo aiithoii)'.(! the killing of any such mink, marten, sable, or oilui fur-beariiii' ammul, cNccpl lur-seals, nmler sueh regulations us he mny preseiihe; and it shall he the tliily i»f the Secretary to j)revcnt the killing of any liir-seni, iind lu provide for the oxfculion of the pruvisiuiiH of thin leclioii CuHliJIUII, ltd IjAWS I'xtcntlcil to Alatka. 27 .July. 1808, e. 273, » \.t. lU.v.WU liii|)'ittaiioa itiil Ui>c of lir<'-ariii,« ami iliKiilloil HpirUH miy li,' iirohiltitcil. ■27 Julv, IHiH. 1-. 273, «, t, V. i5, |i 211. Killmi; "I fiir-l>r*rluu niiiiiiiiU |,r')lii)iite,l. ■J, July, isas, c ara. ». n. V.' 1.1, |. 219. 06 What Courts ha\t: juriailictiiiii of ofibnccB. 27 July, 1868, c 27 J, «. 7, T. 16, p. 241. IJuly, 1870, r. IbP, s. 7, T. 16, p. 18.'. RcmiMlon of niics, &c. 27 July, 1H08, c 27.3, «, 8, r. 16, |i. 21'. $aint Paul niif certain 10:11 pruhll>lt<^d. I Julv, lnri>, .■ ICli a. 2, V. lit, p. IfO. I.lmil 111 uuiiiIhi iiT wtili* lo III' kilUxl. 1 .hily, 18;i). r. 189, ». ,1, V. fil, p IHO. until it is otherwise provided by law ; nor shall he grant any special privileges under this section. Sec. 1957. Until otherwise provided by law, all violations of this chapter, and of the several liiws hereby extended to the Territory of Alaska and the waters thereof, committed within limits of the same, shall be prosecuted in any District Court of the United States in California or Oregon, or in the District Courts of Wasliington; and the Collector and Deputy Collectors appointed lor Alaska Territory, and any person authorized in writing by either of them, or by the Secretary of the Treasury, shall have power to arrest persons and sci/.e vessels and merchandize liable to fines, penalties, or forfeitures under this and the other laws extended over the Territory, and to keep and deliver the same to the Marshal of some one of such Courts; and such Courts stiiill have origii.al jurisdiction, and may take cognizance of all cases arising under this Act and the several laws hereby extended over tliu Territory, and shall proceed thcn.in in the same manner and with the like effect as if sucii cases had arisen within the District or Territory where the proceedings are brought. Sec. I9.'i8. In all cases of fine, penalty, fir forfeiture embraced in the Act approved the 3r(' Miich, 1707, ch. lo, or mentioned in any Act in addition to 01 luiiendatiiry Oi such .\ct, that have occurreii or may occur in the collection (li.-tiicf, of Alaska, the Si'tritary of tlic Treasury is authorized, if in his opinion the tine, penalty, or lorleilure was incurred without wilful negligence or intuition dl'lraud, to ascertain the fi;'-I,s in sueh manner and under such regu- lations as he may deem pioper witlio".! regard to the provisions of the Act above releried to, and upon the facts so to be o-^cnrtuined, he may exercise all the power of remission conferred upon him by that Act, ar fully as he might have done iuu! such facts been ascertained under and according to the provisions of that Ac^. Sec. l!)5i). Tiie Islands of Saint I'auland Saint (.ieorge, in Alaska, are declared a special reservation tor (lovcrnment purposes; and until otherwise provided by law it shiiil be unlawful for any person to land or remain on either of those isl.iiids, except by the authority of the Secretary of the Treasury ; and any person lound on either of those islands contrary to the provisions hereof shall be summarily removed ; and it shall he the duty of the Secretary of War to carry this section into cH'ect. Sec. 1!)()0. It shall be unlawful to kill any fur-seal upon the Islands of Saint I'aul and Saint George, or in the waters adjacent thereto, except during the months of dune, July, September, and October in each year; and it shall he unlawful to kill such seals at any time by the use of fire-arniH, or by other means tending to drive the seol.s away from those islands ; but the natives of the islands shall have the ])rivilegc of killing such young seals as may be nei'issiiry lor their own food and clothing during other months, and also such old .seals as may be re(|uired for their own clothing, and for the manuraeture of boats t()r their own use; and the killing in such cases shall he limited and con- trolled by sueli regulations as maybe prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury. Sec. I9((l. It shall be unlawful to kill any female seal, or any seal less than one year old, at any season of the year, exce|>t as above provided ; and it shall also he unlawful ro kill any seal in the watern adjacent to the Islands of Saint I'aul and Saint (icorge, or on the beaches, cliffs, or rocks where they haul up I'lom the sea to remain ; and every person who violates the provisions of this vir the preceding section shall be punished for each offence bv a fine of not not less Hum 'JIID dollars, nor more than 1.1101) dollars, or by imprisonment not mure than six months, or by both such fine and impiisonmc:>t ; and all ve-sels, tlieir tackle, apparel, and furniture, whoso crews are lound engaged in the \ iolalion ol either this or tho preceding section, shall be forfeited to the United States, Sec, I!ili2. l''or the period of twenty years from tho 1st July, IHIO, the nuniher of fur-seals which may h(> killed tor their skins upon thu Island of Saint I'liul is limited to 75, OHO per annum ; and the niimher of fur-seals which may be killed fop liieir skins upon the Island of Siiint (ieorge is limited to 'J.''i,0')0 per annum ; but the Secretary of the Treasury may limit the right of killimr, if it l)<'C(nncs necessary for the |ireservalion of siieli seals, with such proportionate ridnelion of the rents reserved to the (loverniunt as may be proper ; and every person who knowingly violates either o! 'I'c inlercHtod in right to taltc soalB. 6 Marcli. 1^72, r. 31, «. 1, V. 17, p. 35. AgentH may adminit^- tur certain uiiliB and talte tcatimonv. BMarcli, 1H72, c 31, H. 3, V. 17, p. 3S. Si!c. 1071. 'I'lie lessees shall runiish to tlie .several masters of vetmA* cm|)loycd by them certified copies of the lease held by them respectively, whicii si'all be prc'sentcrl to the fjovernnieiii lleveiiue officer for the time being who iriay b'j ill charge at the isliiiuls as the authority of the party for liiiiding and taking skins. Sec. 1072. (Jorif^ress may at any time hereafter alter, amend, or rejjeaJ sections from 1900 to l!)7l, both inclusive, of this chapter. Sec, 1073, The Secretary of the Treasuiy is authorized to appoint oiit^ At,'ent and three As.sistant Agents, who shall he charj.cd with the niaiiutccmtin of the seal fisheries in Alaska, and the perlormancc of such other duties as uiay he assigned to them l)y the Secretary of the Treasury. Sec. 1974. The .Aiient shall receive the sum of 10 dollars each day, one Assistant Agent the sum of 8 dollars each day, antl tvo Assistai.t Agents the sum of dollars each day while so employed ; and they chall also be allowed their necessary travelling expenses in going to and returning froai Alaska, lor which expenses vouchers shall be presented to the proper accounting officers of the Treasury, artrl such expenses shall not exceed in the aggregate 6(>U dollars each in any one year. Sec. 107.0. Such Agents shall never he interested, directly or indirectly, in any lease of the right to take seals, nor in any proceeds or profits thereof, eitlier as owner, agent, partner, or otherwise. Sec. I!>76. Such Agents arc empowered to administer oaths in all caM-'c relating to the service of the United States, and to take testimony ia Alaska (or the us(." ol the Oovernmeut in any matter concerning the public revenues. No. 38. Sir L. ll'itl to llir Miirijuis of Salisbury. — {Received May 17.) My Lord, IVanhiiKjlon, May 0, IKP7. Wri'H relViericc to my despatch of the 2nd April hisf, I have thu honour U» inform your Lordship that the case of the owners of the American ships seiz-fd iw sealing in Ik'iiiing St-a against tlic Cajilain of the United State.''' cruizer " L'orwin " hiu been postponed until the (joveniment is prepared for the defences. 1 have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLli WEST. ":' • No. 39. Sir L. Went to thr Marquis of Salisbury, — {Received June 10.) jMy Lord, ' IVashiiKjlon, May 50, IHftT. \ IIA\'K flic lionour to inclose to your Lordship hcrewilh n statemenf whidi jjaw- appeared in the New York "Times," showing that the United Stales' (Jovcrnment persisfenlly coniitateiJ lli<- pretension of Russia to ahsoliitc dominion over iLm Kamschalkan and itehriiig Hens previous to the cessitni of Alaska. I liave, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVIIiLK WKST. I ."ii t •" ■--" Inclosure in No. !J0. lirlrarl from the New York " Tinieii" of May 29, 18a7. Not a ]iAKi)i/K-KKi> Ska. — llEiiKASR ok the Hunisii Skalkpi* jvsrirwu. — The so-niiled conlroverHy willi respect fo Iho Alaskan .seal lisherics and Anili'' (lisciihsion. It ItiiH bt'ou re])r'j.seiilcmmcTrc whaling, and fishery, and of all other industry on all islands, ports, and gulfs, in<*in(linj( the whole of the north-west coast of America, beginning from Behring Strait iriu; northern boimdary of Behring Sea) to the alst degree of northern latituile, also ftfMt the Aleutian Islands to the eastern coast of Siberia, as well as along the Knrile W»nd.s, from Behring Strait to the south cape of the Island of Cnip, is exclusively Kiafttcd to Ru.ssian subjects," and foreign vessels are interdicted trom approaching •vptWn loo Italian miles of the coasts and islands n.inied under penalty of confiscation. Ilavir.j; this Ukase before him. -lohn Quincy Adams, Secretary of State, on the 2."ith F«f>rni»ry, l.-<22, wrote to .M. Poletica. the liussian Minister, as follows (the letter is fliUfA in the same volume of Slate Rapers, p. tS:l) : •• 1 am directed by the President '.f the United States to inform yon tliat he has seen with surprise in this Edict the *.<«cn >oT» of a territorial claim on the part of Russia, extending to the 5 1 si degree of hf>tt\t latitude on this continent, and a Regulation interdicting to all commercial vessels wiWT than Russian, upon the penally of seizure and confiscation, tin? approach upon the hi:/h -fas wiHiin ioO Italian miles of the shores to whicli the claim is nuide to apply," Vlr. Arjanisadds: " To (r.xclude the vessels of our citii'.eus fioni l!ie shores beyond the ir'linary distani'c to uliich the territorial jurisdiction extends lias excited still greater u*-," and he closes by asking an explanation. M. F'rdi'tica replied, on the 2Sth February, IH22 (p. 4H7) ; "The RuMsinn jKissessions ri thf f'acilic Ocean extend on the north-west coast of .\nierica from !!' bring Strait to fh. .'.Isf degri'e of north l.ititude and on the opposite side of .\sia to tiir islands adjacent I'l'Miii ('ir; siime strait to the I.Mli degree. The I'xtent of sea of ^\hich these iiossessious I'rrtnm the limit comprehends all the conditions which are ordinarily iillached to shut seas (i- J»«rs fermees'), and the IJussian (Jovcrnment might coiiseijuently judge itself iwrtfcorizcd to exercise upon this sea the right of sovereignty, and esnccially that of ••lirely inlfnlicling the enlrain-e ol foreigners. But il preferred only a.swerting its MMTitiai rights without taking any advaiitai;e of localities." It is interesting to look at the Map and see what the Russian claim really was. I.4>tituile north .')l takes in the southern boundary of the .Vleatiaii Islands to the Seu f/ <»liholsk. .Mr. .\danis, in his reply to M. Roletica (same volume, p. -ISH), says: • With rfsfiird to the suggestion that the Ru.ssian ations on the high sens, and to the great delay wliieli has taken place in iiupiiring into and redressing the wrongs committed to the severe, inhospitable, and un)"stiHal)le treuttnent of the oflicers and crews of the vessels seized, and to the serious In-s inflicted upon owners of the same, in order tiiat full and s])eedy reparation may be made by the United States' Government. All which is respectfully submitted lor your Kxcellcney's approval. (Sigued) JOHN J. McGEE, Clerk, Privy Council, Canada. Inclosurc 3 in No. 40. ' Mr. Hainley to Mr. Tilton. Sir, Custom-House, Victoria, April 23, 1887. IN reply to your letter of the 15th instant, 1 beg to state that none of the masters or mates of the ves.sels seized in IJehring's Sea in August last remain now in imprifonment. When the vessels were condemned the .Judge, Mr. Dawson, sentenced masters and mates to fines, whieh were never paid, and to different terms of imprisonment. Ogilvie, master of the " Carolina," an old man, was arrested and brought into Court, but before the sentence was pronounced he wandered away into the woods and died there. The others, afTer serving a time in prison, were released by an order of the Governor and turned loose literally, destitute, to find their way home in any way they could. The vessels themselves, "Carolina," "Onward," and "Thornton," are now, as far as we know, in Oonalaska, but unless they have been properly taken care of, which in such a place seems scarcely probable, they must during the winter months have suffered greatly, even if they arc still in existence. The skins taken from them are, we believe, stored in the Alaska J''ur Company's warehouses at Oonalaska; the guns and ammunition were taken to Sitka, and are in the care of the United Stales' Marshal. The chronometers and charts of two of the vessels were left in Oonalaska with the vessels. The chronometer of the other, with one or two boats, was taken, we were told, as evidence to Sitka. No notice whatever respecting the release of the vessels or the delivery of their equipments or of the skins has been received by the owners. No word of any description has been conveyed to them by the United States' authorities. I have, &c. (Signed) W. HAM KEY. Inclosurc 4 in No. H). Messrs. Came and Mansie to Mr. Tilton. Dear Sir, ' Victoria, B.C., April U, ]fi87. YOUR advice of 2nd instant is to hand. In rejily, would say we have not been advised whether the vessels are to 1)0 returned to us at Victoria, or arc we to incur the expense and risk of taking them from Oonalaska, and aeceptliie skins in the condition they may be found, as an oflset in full against the amounts set opposite tlicm in ourclaims. The expense and risk of getting lluni fo Victoria will be great, as there is no direct way of transferring men and su[iplies a di-tancc of 1,.%0 mile?. It will necessitate the eliarteiMig of a steamer, and, owing to the tremendous gales in the North Pacific the past winter, the ves.sels mav be very sc'iiously dania;.^ed, if not totally lost. Knowing the Indians as 'M' do wc anticipate everything movable will be carried away. 64 The vessels and skins arc left in the care of not too friendly a concern, namely, the Alaska Commercial Company's agent, alias the United States' Marshal. Remaining, &c. (Signed) CARNE and MANSIE. No. 41. Foreign Office to Colonial Office. Sir, Foreign Office, July 8, 1887. I AM directed by the Marquis of Salisbury to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 27th ultimo relating to the case of the seizure of certain British vessels when engaged in seal-fishing last autumn in Ikhring's Sea. Ill reply, I am to request that you will state to Sir H. Holland that, in Lord Salisbury's opinion, it is very desirable that, before any further representations are made to the United States' Government with a view to obtaining reparation. Her Majesty's Government should be in possession of the records of the judicial proceedings in the District Court in Alaska, and instructions have been sent by telegraph to Sir L. West directing him to request that he may be furnished with these documeuts by the United States' Government for the use of Her Majesty's Government. I am further to request that tliis Department may be supplied with a copy of the papers which have been laid before the Canadian Parliament in regard to this question. I am, &c. (Signed) .JULIAN PAUNCEFOTE. No. 42. The Marquis of Salisbury to Sir L. West, Sir, Forci(jn Office, July 9, 1887. REFERRING to your despatches of the 13th April and the 6th and 30th May last, and to previous correspondence, I transmit, for your information, a copy of a furtlier letter from the Colonial Office relating to the question of the seizure last autumn of certain Ikitish vessels wlien engaged in scal-fisiiing in Beliring's Sea.* Before giving you further instructions in regard to tliis matter, I should be glad to have the opportunity of examining the records of the judicial proceedings in the District Court in Alaska, and I request tliat you will at once apply to the United States' Secretary of State, and ask tiiat these documents may be furnisiied to you for the use of Her Majesty's Government. I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. No. 43, Sir L. West to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received July 22.) My Lord, Washington, July 12, 1887. AVITH reference to your Lordship's telegram of the 8th instant, I have the honour to transmit herewith printed copies of the judicial proceedings in the United States' District Court for the District of Alaska in the sever: " . ses of the schooners " Onward," "Carolina," and "Thornton,'' proceeded against t a charge of killing fur-acal in Alaska. I have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE WEST. No. 40. 65 Tnclosure in No, 43. In the United States District Court, for the District op Alaska. The United States, Libellant, v. The Schooner "Thornton," her Tackle, &fc.~On Libit of Information for being emjaijed in the Business of hilling Fur-seel in Alaska. Transcript of Record. OS the 28tli day of August, 1880, was filed the Ibilowinjj Lil)el of Infoinintioii : — In tuk District Court of the United States for the District of Alaska. August Special Term, 188G. To tlio IFonourable Lafayette Dawson, Judge of said District Court: Till'- lil)c! of inCormation of M. I), liall. Attorney for the United States for the District of Alasiiii, who prosecutes on behalf of said United Stntes, and licing present lierc i'l Court in his proper person, in the name and on behalf of the said United States, ii;;ainst the scho. ner " Thornton," her tackle, apparel, boats, carj^o, and furniture, and airainst all person^ intervening for their interest therein, in a cause of forfeiture, alleges and informs as follows : — 'i'hat Charles A. Abbey, an officer in the Revenue Marine Service of the United States, and on special duty in the waters of the district of Ala-ka, heretofore, to wit, on the 1st (lay of August, 1880, within the limits of Alaska territory, and in the waters thereof, and within the civil and judicial district of Alaska, to wit, within the waters of that ])ortioii of Ik'hring Sea belonging to the said district, on waters navigable from the sea by vessels of 10 or more tons burden, seized the ship or vessel, commonly called a scliooner, tlie " Thornton," her tackle, appare', boats, cargo, and furniture, being the property of some person or jjcrsons to the said jXttornej' unknown, as forfeited to the United States, for the following causes: — That the said vessel or schooner was foimd engaged in killing fur-seal within the limits of Alaska Territory, and in the waters thereof, in violation of section lOoO of the IJevised Statutes of the United States. And the said Attorney saith that all and singular the premises are and were true, and within the Admiralty and maritime jurisdiction of this Court, and that by reason thereof, and by force of the Statutes of the United States in such cases made and jirovided, the afore-mentioned and described schooner or vessel, being a vessel of over 20 tons burden, her tackle, apparel, boats, cargo, and furniture, became and are forfeited to the use of the said United States, and that said schooMcr is now within the district aforesaid. Wherefore the said Attorney ])rays that tlie usual process and monition of this honourable Court issue in this behalf, and that all persons interested in the before- mentioned and described schooner or vessel may he cited in general and special to answer the premises, and all due proceedings being had, that the said schooner or vessel, her tackle, apparel, boats, cargo, and furniture may, for the cause aforesaid, and others appearing, be ccmdemned by the definite sentence and decree of this honourable Court, as forfeited to the use of the said United States, according to the form of the Statute of the said United States in such cases made and provided. (Signed) M. D. BALL, United States' District Attorney for the District of Alaska. Whereupon forthwith issued the following monition : — District of Alaska, Set., The President of the United States oi America to the Marshal of the District of Alaska, gieetini; : — Whereas a libel of information hath been filed in the District Court of th(> United States for the District of Alaska, on the L'8tli day of August, in the year ISR'i, by M. D. liall. United States' Attcnney for the district aforcsa'd, on behalf of the United S(atos of .America, against the schooner "Thornton," her tackle, apparel, boats, cargo, and furniture, as forfeited to the use of tl;e United Slates for the reasons and causes in said libel of information menlioned, and ])raying the usual pro(;cs< and monition of the said Court in that behalf to be made, and *hat all persons interested in the said schooner "Thornloii." lur tackle, apj arol, biiat.>, cargo, and furniture, &c., may be cited in general [12SJ ]s 66 and special to answer the premises, and nil procci-dinjrsbcinff lind, that the said schooner "Thornton," lier tackle, apparel, l)oats, car hv continued by said (Merk, fri)m time to time, until com- |ilcl('(i. 'I'liiit notice i)f tlie time and piaci- of lakitif^ said deposil ions I)e served \)y the iMaisiiai of said distiiel on Hums (iulloriiisen, .lames Bluke, Daniel Munroe, and C'liarles K. Raynor. and iiiion W. ( laik, l";s(|.. Attoiney at Iia«, or or before the 7tli Septendier at. \)i A.M., and that such shall hi; due and sulHeierit and reasonable notice of the takinpf of Miid depositions. Donein open (.'ourt this (ilh day of ,' September, 188(5, was filed the followinsf notiee and return: — In Tin; Unitku States' Distuict Court in and kou ruh Distkict of Alaska, United State'^ of Amkiiica. The I'liilrd Sliitcs of Aineriru v. the Schooner " Thornton." To ilaiif (luttornisen greeting: you are notified that by order of Tiafayctte Dawson, .inline of said District ( of said District Court at. iiis (itliee in Silkain said district cii Tuesday, the Tlh Septendier, IHHii, at 7 o'ch.ck r.,M., Ill- :\^ soon thereafter as the matter can be reacbcil, and if not completed on said evening, the Inking of saitcmber, 1880, before 12 o'cloek noon of that d.'iy. I served thi' annexed notice on the within-named Hans (luttormsen, at .Sitka, District of Alaska, !»y tiieii and there personally delivering to said Hans Cuttormsen a copy of said notice; .unl then and there gave him the privilege of being present at the Udiiiig (d .said depositions. Dated the !)tli September 1880. (Signed) HAllTOX ATKIXS, United ISliilcs' ilumha'. On (ho UUli Sep(end)er, 1880, were tiled the following depo.sitions : — In Till': Unitki) Statics' Dl.STIllCT CoUHT IN AND FOH TIIK DISTRICT 01' Al.AMCA, UNiri:i) Si'ATi;s of Amkuica. The Uiiiird Stntcs v. thr iichounir " Thoniloii," So. ,')0. I)e|i(isiti( lis of witnesses .sworn ami examined helore me on tlie7lh day of September, 1 -m;. at 7 o'clock I'.M. of s.iid day, ami on the .-^lli and iUli Septendier, IShd, theioal'ter, .it the t'li'i'k's Ollice of said Court in Silkii, District of Alaska, I'nited Slates of America, liy virtue and in pursuance of the order of tiie saiil Conil, made ai.d entered in the ahovo entitled action im the Otii September, 1880, diieeting (hat the testimony and depositions (if .aid witnesses be taken before me at said tirst inenfioned lime and place, and at such siilise(|iieiit times as the takini;- of the same miglil be continue.li (oliiniliia, engaged in killing fur->c'al. Vliwh boat had in licr Iroui tlireo to eight fnslily killed seal, arms, and aniniunition, rowers, and iiunters, who st.iled that iliey belonged to the said .sciioonei " Tliornton," anJ were engaged in taking or killing fur-seal. Some of tlicm, if not all. were seen shooting at llic fur-soal wliieli were swiiinning in their neighbourhood. On this evidence. I caused the vessel to be seized by iiientenant ("antweil, took Iier in tow, anil proceeded with iier to ( lonahi'-iva, where I placed (he vessel, cargo, tackle, furniture, and appurtenances in charge of Deputy United States' Marshal Isaac Anderson, of Oonalaska, (he caigo of fin--seal skin-^ i)cin:j; stored in " Keuch," in one of the wareliouscs of the Alaska Con\niercial t'oinp.iiiy, and under seal. One i)oat of tlu "Thornton " was sent to Sitka by the schooner " San Die-o." and [ilaced in custody of the Uidted Stales' Marshal at Sitki. .Ml of ibis properly is nou in the custody of (he United States' Mar'-hal at Si(ka, including her arms and iunmunition, which 1 brougiit to Sitka on the " (.'onvin." Q. Was (his the vessel against which the libel oi' inf iniadon is tiled 'r J. 1( is. (J Did ibis all occur within the waters of Ala>ka and the Territory of Alaska, and within the jurisdiction of this Court':— .-1. It did. Q. Did this occur '.\i(liin the waters of the sea navigable for ve.sacls of 10 tons burden or over ': — A. It did. (Signed) 0. A. AHBKY, Subscribed and sworn to before me this Uth day of September, A.lh 188(5, after having been read «)ver by nu' to di pmient. (Seal,) Anuukw '1'. Lkwis, Cleric, United Stnten' District Court. Lieutenant John 0, Contwcli, being duly sworn, dejjoses ami says : — Q. State y(jur name, occu])ation, and age. — .1. .lohn ('. Caiil\'ell, Tlind l.ieiiiei;:i'it United States' Kevenue Marine Service, at present on duty United States' Ueveniie stcunuT "('orwin,' and over the age of 21 years, Q. Were you so on the 1st day of August Inwt ':' — A. 1 was. Q. Slate what occurred on that day in (he line of your duty — A. I sniv a small boat on (he jjort bow ; we came up (o her, and found shebiul about eight fur-seal aboard. The men ii^ (be boat were armed with breech-loading riiies. In answer to* be (Commanding Oflleer, (he nu'ii admitted (hey were killing i'in"-.seal. Shortly after ue picketl up a second boat, and (hen sighted the schooner " Thorntim." Tlure were ilead seal in the second boat. I did not examine (he otlicr boats ; I was sent on boanl the schooner, saw Hans Guttormsen apparendy acting as c!ii)(aiii, and llem-y Nornuin as nui(e. I asked (hem what (bey were doing? 'I'lie captain replied, "Catching seals," I signalled (his to Caplain Abl)ey, who directed me (o seize her, which I did, and llie "Corwin" (ook (lie schooner in tow. The fur .seal in the boats were bleeding, and innsf have been kill"! widun a few hours. Q. How many men were on board of the "Thorn(on"a( the (imc of seizure 'r- A. About fifteen. Q. Was this a reasoinibh niiinber for ordinary ]iu;poses of commerce and naviga- tion ':' — A. It was an unusually large number for (he size of (he vessel. Q, Do yon reeogidx.e (his paiicr ? — A. I do. It is the (dficial inventory nuide by me of the lurniture, tackle, and caigo of the schooner "Thoruton " (inventory emhiaccH the u.siial furniture, rigging, nautical inslruinenls, boats and stores of a vessel of llii^ clfts.i, villi a cargo of W> seal-skins, ,'J seal-pup s'.iin-, and I hair seal-skin, and (hey iiiv receipted for by I. Anderson, Deputy United Slates' ,\larshal, 0(Uialaska, the I lib Augiisl 188(1,*; the item lOH seal-skins mentioned in Ihe iiivent(U\v are iiir seal-skins: (hi.i inventory gives a full ami correct list of all (he furniture, (ackle, and cargo of said vessel, with the e.\cep(ion of the following; arms and aminuidtion, octant, ami one chronometer. There is one boat belonging to the "Thoiiiton" (bat was sent down on the "San TMego " and included in (he inventory of Ihe " San Diego." Tim "J'liornton " had four bouts, (Signed, JOHN C. CANTWHI-L, .'before luo tliis !)tli dny nt' Soptciu linviiii( been read over l)y ine to deponent. (Se;il.) Anuukw 'I', Lkwis, Cln-k, United Ulalvn' Disiilct Court. \.\). 1S«0, after dl' iO t0M.-i Jolni IT. RliodcH, l)einj,^ duly sworn, deposes and says: — Q. State your name, ii>,'c, and oivupatiou ■* — A. .lolin U. Itliodes, over 2l vears of ajrc, and Ijiouleiiant in tin- I'lii'i"! Si,i(ch Itcvcnue ^^!nin", Mini :iU:M'h"d to the l(;, Q. State wiiat happened on the last-named day in connection mIiIi the schooner "Thornton"? — .(. I \\as on t!ic " f'orwin ' at tho time the ''Thornton'" was siMzcd on that day. We first pickoil up a boat hcarinj^ the name "' Thornton ;" it had ahout ei'j;ht dead fur-seal in it, the men in the hoat had hree-'h-londiiii;' rifles : we aftei'wards ))icked up another hoat, and then si^^hted the scliooner " Tlioniton," auil uciit on hoard, iind was put in chai;;e of her. We ailcrwards picked up two iiioie hoat-;; tlie men in tlie f oats claimed that the ho'^fs helon<;;ed to the ■' Thornlon,'" and weie put on hoard of her. 'I'iiere were bi'twccn (iftec'i and twenty dead fur seal on dcH'k and (me hair-seal. 'I'hese seal were iin. • of tliem hle> lintj and endontly rtcen'ly killed. I'lie ca])tain and several of the hunters said th -y hi l liilled wentv-or.e. I think it was, fui-seals that day, and would have <:^ot more if they lad hnd more dMyli;;hf and if the cut!e" liad )iot cime up. (j. Do you recoi'.iiize tl ese paper;';' — ,1. 1 do. This paper marked (I'Jx. " (r ') is the clearance paper of the schooner "Thornton' (this paper repicsents tlie British steam- schooner " Tliornt(Ui," Hans 'liiltormsen, master, '_'"J':'') tons, navigated with filteen men, bound for the I'aeilic Oce".,,, Ik'hring Sea, and Okhotsk Sea, on a huntinfi; and tishin;^ voyage, as having cKMrtd from Victoria, Hritish t'olumhia, the l.*illi May, ISSJ). This paper marked (Mx. *' II ") is her hil' oi' health (issued same date and place with clearanpc). 1 found these papers in the sc'iooner '" Thornton " a) the time of seizuic, and then took posseswion of them. Q. What was the list of arms am', ammunition foutid aboard the schooner "Thornton" at the time of seizure ?- -.1. Four rille-;, ti sliolguus, 8()7 shot-gun cartridges, 4'2() ride gnn cartridges, 108 lbs, powder, I keg powder partly lilK'il, L' bags bullets, 11 biigs buckshol, "i boxes wa.ds, ;]', iioxe^* primers. (J. Wluil has beciune of these arms and ammunition? — ./. They were w and soon after saw another hoat, Bli'anied ( miles south-east from St. Oeorge's Island, and about oOK or OUO miles to the eastward of the western boundary-line of .\laska Territory. Q. Stale what experience you have had in the fur-sealing business, and your know- ledge of the habits of Ibe fur-seal ? — A. 1 have iieen cruizing for more than fifteen years oil' and on in Alaskan waters, always as an oliieer or pilot, and have visited the I'ribilotf Islands, St. Paul and St. (leorgc, several hundred times, and am perfectly familiar with the sealing business as conducted on those islands, and understand the migrating habits of the fur-seals. I'rom about (he 1st May to about llhi 1st .hily of eatdi year ihe fur- seal is migrating north, and mostly through the Uniinak and Akutan I'asses to these islands for breeding pur|)oses. 'I'liey gi to no other j)lace in the known world except these islands and Cojuier Island for breeding puri)oses. After the breeding season of about a month they begin to migrate south, and until Movemberof each year are migrating south through IJtdiring's Sea. Diiriu'! this season, limn May till November, the fur-seal are pletity in the waters adjoining fhe Pribiloll l:-laiuls, and are niigratiiiL; to and from these islands, and are at all times very plenty between I'liimak Pass and said islands in a traciv about -'U) miles wide, wliieh seems to he their highway to and from said islands. The sdiooner " Thornton " and her hosts when seized were directiv on this track. (Signed) J. II. DOUGLASS. Sulwcribed and sworn to before me this 8tli day oi' Siptemher, A.l). 1H80, after having been read over by me to deponent. (Seal.) Andui-.w T. Lkwis, ('Ink, United Stales' nintncl t'oiirl. In TUli UNiTKU Sl'ATKs' Dlslllicr COUIIT IN AND FOll rilK DjSTUlOT OF ALASKA, UNiri I) Stauvs' or AMtJiioA. Tim Unili'd Stairs v. llw Schooner " Thornton." No. 50. WliiTi'Ms, on the (Itli day of Se])teniher, ISSO, the said District Court duly made and eiitrred in the journal of saiil Coiirl, an order in tins above-entitled action, directing thai th(> testimony and deposiiioiis of the witnesses : C. A. Abbey, ,1. C. Cantwoll, d. (f. ItliD-Ks, and d. II. Douglass be taken before nie, the Clerk of said (Jourt> at the lime or times and place, and upon such notice as was speeilied in said order. Now. tliereloie, this is to certify: — Timt in ])ursuance of said order, on the Till Scpicniber, ISSii, at 7 I'.M.. each and all id' the above-named witnesses appeared before me at llu Clerk'solliee of said C!onrt at Sitka, District of Alaska, United States oi .'vinerica : ilial M. I>. Itall, lOsq., Dislriei Attorney of said Court and District, and W. 11. I'ayson, l'ls(|., appi-ared then and there on behalf of and as attorneys and proctors for the United States, the libellant herein ; and W. Clark, l']si|., then and tkere appeared on behalf of, and as .Attorney and I'roctor for the said Kchooncr and her owners herein ; and Hans (iutloriiisen then and there appeared in pursuance of notice served upon him. That I «ns unable to complete the taking of said depositions on said 7th dav of ^ieplelnl/^r. t^sd, and 1 CDiitiniied (he taking thereof j me, then and there, that the ovidoiicc ho 71 slioiild give in saiil nrlion, should lie tlio trntli, the whole Iriith and notliin;; but the tiiith, and (licrciif'tfr piicli of sniil witnesses was (lien and tiiore examined Ijetore ine, and I tiien and there took down tlie statement and testimony of each of said witnesses, anil reiliieed the same to writing in his presenee, and liien and tliero read tlie same ovtsr to him ; anil he tluMi and there, aftiM" tlu' same had l>een so redneeil to writirr^ and read iivvr to him. siiliserihed the same in my ])res"iiee, and swon> to the truth liiere'd'. That the f'nre<,'oiiiir dei)ositioiis are the il('])ositi(ins id' said witnesses then and there taken hefure me as aforesaid, 'i'iiat due notiee of the taking of said depositions was piven as required hy said order. fn witness whereof F have herennto set my hand and the seal of said District Court, this 9th day of Septemher, \>-f>(;. (Sii,'ned> .AN'DHEW T. \A-:\\\i^, Clrrlc, Uultrd Sinlp.',' DIsliirl (Umrl in initl fur tlie Dislricl of Alaska, United Stales of America . On the L'Oth day of Scplend)er, 18P0, was fded the following claim of .Master for Owper: — In liu-; Uniikjj Statks' Distuict Couut ior iiiii Disthict of Aiaska. (In Admiralty.) Ill tlie Matter of the Liliel of Infoniintion (iijninsi the Schooner " Thornton," her Tiirlde, Apparel, Furniture, ntiil ('■injo. — Cliiiin of Master tor Oirner. And now Hans flultormsen, master of the .schooner "Thornton " intervenin;,' for the interest of J, I). Warren of \ iiitoria, British Colmnhia, (he ovMu'r oi' the said schoonf this Court at the instance id' M. I>. Hall, lisip, rniled States' District Attoriicy for the Di.strict of Alaska. Anil the said Ilaus (iutlornisen avers that the ~/»id .1 I >. Warren was in possession III' llie -aid schooner at the time of the altaehmenl thereof. And that the said J. I\ Warren al)ovr named is the true and hr,h''i Jiilr owner of the said scheoner, her tackle, ;ipparel, cnr^n ami fmii tare as seized hy the said Marshal as nforc-uid and that tu> oilier person is the owner llureof. \\ herelure he [lays to defend uccordinglv. ^Signed) IIAXS GUTToKMSHN. Huhserihed and sworn to before me tliis i8th day of September, .\.it. 1S80. (Seal) ANimi'iw T. Iii;\vis, Clerk ot the I'niied Slates' l)tslrni Court for the District of Ala-skti. W Clauk and D. a. DiNiii,i;y, Provtors for Claimant, )peared On the same day fwu ftk-d the followiriN amended libel of intbrination. In Tiiic r.VTTRt) t^Ai'tis' DisriM. I Cointr in and idii tiii: Disriiurr of Alaska, Un'ITKJ) S'l'ATIiH' 1)1' A.MKIUCA. (AiiKiisI Special Term, IHSH.) To the Monomalile Iinfnyetle DnwMW), .Imlgc of said 1>; iricl Court : '{'be iiinended libel "» iiifoniiurtion iif M. D. Hall, Attorney I'oi' the llnited StaU's, lur the hislnel "t Al:'-ka. who prosecutes on behalf of said I inled Slates and bein;j preseni here in < "iirl ni ins o"f proper pei^on, in the mini- nud on behalf of the said I'lnted States. alle^eH and irtn'ins as follows, to wit: — That (!. A. .Aldtey, an I'tliecr in the Kevenin' .Marine Service of the Cnited Slnles, duly eommi-Hioned b\ the |*r«"-ident of the \'?titeil Slates, in connnaud o|' (he rnileil States' III teniie cutter •'('or»in," mil on special ilutv in the waters of the l)i>,lrlelol Mask* herelolure, !«• wit on the ]^l dfty of August, iNSti, within the limits of Alaska 72 Territory, and in (he watcfi* thereof, and within the Civil nnd Judicial District of AlaKka, to wit — Mitliin tiie «at«'n* ot that pdrtionof lU'iirin^i's Sea lii'lonijing to the I'nited Hlat^-i, and said Uistiicl, on walcrx »!ivi;;aidc from the sea l)y vessels of ten or more tons burden, huized the schooner " 'I hornton," her tacMe, ajjparel, boats, cargo, and furniture, bein^ the j)ro|)erty of some perHon or pcr-ons unknown to said Attorney. The said i)roj>erty i« more paiticniarly di's-rihcr] a- foliows, to wit : — One schooner '•Thornton" of N'ictoriii, Ihitish Columbia, four boats with ours, sails, and gear; carpenter's and caulking tools and materials: five tons of coal, ten yanls of canvas, clock, chronometer, nautifal iiiitrnments, provisions, sails and runninj? gear, rojjes, twin«^. lain))s, oil, ca'-ks, buckfls, engine and q;^■nr, twenty sacks of salt, 40;l fur-seal skins, oue liair-seiil skin, three pup-seal -kins, four rifles, hix shot j^uns, and arms and anjinuuitioii for same and nil other pr(s that the said schooner " Thornton," her tackle, apparel, taraitore, and cargo as set fnw i in the information Mentioned, did not nor did any part {i>«r«of become forfeited ii. utiitincr and t'orm as in saiil information in that behalf alleged, <;r at all Wherefore, the said claimant pr»x-s that said information be dismissed with costs of ;hi.^ claimant attached. fS.gned) W. CLARK and D. A. DINGLEY. Proctors for Claimant. On the 22nd September, 188G, were filed the following exceptions to answer :— U.vrTEO States' District Court, District of Alaska, Unitf.d States of America. United States v, the Schooner " Thornton. No. 50. The said libellant hereby excepts to the suriiciency of the defendant's answer herein, ^n the following grounds : — J, ?^aid answer ^ not properly or at ftll verified as required by Rule 27 of the United j^**tfs' Admiraltv Rules; -'. Said answur is not full, explicit or distinct to each or any allegation of the libel h«rein, ».h required by said Rule ; n. Haid answer does not deny or admic any of the allegations of fact in said libel, W merely denies a conclusion <<4 law. (Signed) M. D. BALL and W. H. PAYSON, Proctortfor Libellant. !i*plember 21, 18%. Which exceptions were sustained by the Court, and on the same day was filed the "'■Ui-wing amended answer; — Ik tub United States' District Court for the Dlstrict of Alaska. Vmtiid. States' V. J. D. Warren and Schooner " Thornton." — Amended Answer. In rh* Honourable Lafnyetle Dawson, Judge of the United States' District Court for the District of Alaska. Hani (Jnttormsen, master of the schooner "Thornton," intervening for the interest ^1 mitfi in behalf of J. I). Warren, owner and daiumnt of said schooner "Thornton," her iMkk, apparel, furniture and cargo for amended answer to the libel of information %^'rt.n, »Kftiiint said sehoonui, her tackle, apparel, furniture, ami cargo, alleges as Mlft#» . — • I That ho denies each and every material allegation iu said libol of iufurmation '^'mttkint-d ; [I3hJ L 74 2. Dfriit'H tlmt the said Hchooncr '* Thornton," her tackle, apparel, furniture, cargo, anil liic [iroperty appertaining thereto, as set fortli and described in said libel of informa- tion or any part thereof l»ccnnie forfeited to the United States ; '■''. Di-nifH that Haid schooner, licr captain, officers, and crew, or any one of them were found engaged in killing fur-sen! within the limits of Alaska Territory and within the waters thereof in violation of section I'JSO of the Revised Statutes of the United States as set fortli in said lihel ol information or at all ; 4. Denies that they killed any number of fur seal or other fur-bearing animals within (lie waters of Alasita or the Territory of Alaska or in any part thereof. 5. That all and singular the premises herein arc true. Wherefore said mas^tcr prays that this Honourable Court will be pleased to pronounce against the libel herein and that the same may be dismissed with costs to the claimants to be taxed. (Signed) W. CLARK and D. A. DINGLEY, Proctors for Claimant. United Slates' Dislrict. of Alaska, hs. ... . . ' • '■■'■' Hans tJiittormsen, being first duly sworn, says he is master of the schooner "Thornton," that he has heard read the foregoing answer and knows the contents thereof and that the same is true of his own personal knowledge. (Signed) H. GUTT0RM8EN. SuhHcribcd and sworn to before me this 22nd day of September, a.d. 1886. , (Signed) Anukew T. Lawis, Clerk of t lie United States District Court for the District of Alaska. On the 4th day of October, 1880, the motion cited p. 54 was returned with the following indorncmeot : — Sitka l)islri';t of Alaska, hs. JJe it remeiril;ered, tiiat, in obedience to the anne.vcd monition, I have attached the within-dcscriht d pro|i(ily and now hold the same in my possession .subject to the order of this Jlorioiirabli! Court; And I liavi before same HI.m,, ,,.. «> .„»^, i,, juiiQiuvjtHjii, wmciwiai: uii tiiu iic.\t uuv i/i jmin then and ihire (o make their i-laims and iillcgations in tlmt behalf:— —- I And I have given due notice to all jiersons claiming said propert\ to be and apjiear e this I>istrict (Jourt on tlie 1th day oF October, 1B8G, at 10 "o'clock A.M., if the : shall be a day of jiirisiiiction, otherwise on the next day of jurisdiction thereafter, ...^.. and ihire (o make their claims and allegations in that behalf: — And I have crtused said notice to be published, and the same has been published in the "Ala>kan," a newspaper jiublished at Sitka in .said District, on the 4th day of .Septciiihrr, Ihf'i;, and in each issue of said newspuner .•,ubse(|uent thereto, until 4th'day of October, IHHti. Sit hi, Alanhti, Octoher A, lfi8fi. (Signed) liARTON ATKINS, 3f./r,v/t«/, District of Alaska. On tlie saine day was filed the following Decree : — In rill, IJ.Mri',11 Statks' Drsriiicr Cotnii' in and fou tiik District op Ai,aska, I'MTicn Statks 01' Amkkica. United Slates v. Ilir Schooner " Thornton." No. .'iO. The Marshal having riliiined on the n»;,:iition issued to him in the above entitled action that, in obedience fhcrelo, he has attached the said .schooner "Thornton," her ta(!lared, nnij no elainia or allegalions having been made or filed heroin by any ofhcr pernon or persoiiH, and the usual proclamation having been made, and said cause 75 having been heard upon the pleadinfjs ami proofs, M. D. Ball, Ksq md W. II. i'ayson, Esq., appcarinp as advocates for said libellant, and W. Clark ;i> udvocato tor said claimant, and said caase liaviii^ Ijccn submitted to tlio Court for decision, and duo deliberation beinj^ had in tlio premises, it is now ordered, sentenced, and decreed as follows: — 1. That nil persons whatsoever other than said claimant be, and tliey an-, hereby declared in contumacy and default. 2. That tiie said schooner "Thornton," her tackle, api)arel, boat><, and furnilurc, iind her cargo of dOJi fur-seal skins, and all other properly found upcin and appurti'nant to said schooner, be, and are hereby, condemned as forfeited to the use of the Ui»ited States. 3. That imless an appeal be taken to this Decree within the time limited and prescribed by law and the Hides of this Court, the usual writ of venditioni ciiiovan be issued to the Marshal commanding him to sell all of the said pioperly and bring the proceeds into this Court to be distributed according to law. Costs to i)e ta.\c(i are awarded against said claimant. Dated October 4, 1886. (Signed) LAFAYETTE DAWSON, District Jiid(je. Done in open Court this 4th day of October, 1880, at Sitka, District of Alaska, United States' of America. (Signed) , Clerk. d with the On the same day was fded the following motion to set asida Decree : — In tub Uniti;!) Statks' TIistuict Court for the Distuict of Ai,.vsk.\. United States v. J. D. Warren and Schooner " Thornton." — Motion to set aside Decree. Now come W. Clark and D. A. Diiigley, proctors intervening for and in behalf of the claimants herein, and moves the C!ourt to set aside the Decree rendered heroin for the reason that the evidence produced on behalf of the Uiuted States is wholly insufficient upon which to base said Decree. (Signed) W. CLARK and D. A. DINGLE Y, Proctors for Claimant. Which motion was over-rulcd by the Court, and on the same day was Clcd the following notice of appeal : — In the United States' District Court for the District of Alaska. United States v. ./. D. Warren and Schooner " Thornton." — Notice of Appeal. And now come W. Clark and I). A. Dingloy, proctors for and in behalf of the claimant herein, and notifies this honourable Court that they hereby appeal from the Dccroo rendered herein to the C!ircuit Court having appellate jurisdiction ovt this district, and that said appeal is taken on questions of law and fiict, and ])rnys the Court for an order on its clerk to ])rei)are :i. comijlcto transcript of the reco'd herein, as the law requires. t ■ ' ', ", >'. (Signed) W. CLARK and D. A. DINCLEY, I'rnrlorx for Cldlinnnt, On the 9th day of February. 1887, was entered the following order : — In the Matter of the United. States v. Srhnnncr " Oniidid," Case No. (i» ; Sciiooner "Thornton," Ccse No. M; Schooner ''Carolina,'- Ciise No. .')!,• Schnnner "San Dieyo," Case No. iJ'J ; Arins and Ammunition Schooner " Sierra," No. '>7 ; Arms and Ammunition Schooner " San f)ies and nrgu- niont of counsel for the United States, nnd for tlie interveners in said eaiises, and cmisideration by the Courl, i'. is this diiy ordered liial writs of rmtlilioni nfiouns do issue from the clerk of said Court to the Marshal of .said District, for the sale ol the iittached [128J L '-' 76 vessels, with th^ir tackle, cargoes, and furniture, of whatever description, and of the arms and ammunition attached in said causes. And as to the said attached vessels, that the sale of the same (except the schooner "San Diego," which shall he sold at Sitka) sliall he made at Port Townscnd, in the District of Washington Territory, and as to the sealskins, part of the cargoes of said vessels attached, that sale of the same shall ho made at San Francisco, in the District of California, and that sale of said schoonor "San Diego," and all the other attached property he made at Sitka, in tlie District of Ala^^ka. Tliirty ilays' notice of such sale to be given at eacli of tlie places wliere the same are to he made, \>y posting such notice, or hy puhlicatioii in some nCMspuper puhlislicd at such places respecttively. And that said Marshal do have tlie moneys arising from such sales, togcth(!r with the writ commanding the same, at a District Court ni the United States lor this, tiie said District of Alaska, to he held on the first Monday in Septemher, l.t'87, and that he then pay the same to the clerk of said Court. Clerk's Office, United Stntci' Di.ilrirt Court, District of Alaska, Sitka, March 10, lh87. I, Andrew T. Lewis, clerk of the said Court, do certify that the foregoing transcript of the record in the case ef the United States v. the schooner " Thornton," her tackle, apparel, &c., on lihel of information, pending in said Court, has been compared by me with the original, and that it is a coirect transcript therefiom and of the whole of such original, except the full text of the exhibits referred to in the testiniony therein, the purport of which only is stated, and that the purport of said exhibits is correctly stated, as the same appears of record at my office and in my custody. Witness my hand and the seal of said Court, this lOth day of March, 1887. (Seal.) ANDKEW T. LEWIS, Clerk. No. 41. The Murquis of Salisbury to Sir L. West. (Telegraphic.) Foreign Office, August 2, 1887. I HAVE received your des|)atch of the I2tii ultimo. Were judicial documents communicated without observation by the United States' Government ? No, 1-5. Sir L. IVcst to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received by telegraph, August i.) My Lord, Washington, August 4, 1887. I HAVR the honour to inform your Lordship that the judicial documents alluded to in your Lordship's telegram of the L'nd instant were, at my request, forwarded to me by the Secretary of State, (or the iiilbrmalioii of Her Majesty's Government, and were unaccompanied by any observations. I have reason to think that no step will be taken in the matter of the seizure of gealers in Behring's Sea until the case against the captain of the " Corwin," which will be tried at Boston, has been heard. 1 have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKYH^Lli WEST. No. 4(5. The Marquis of Salisbury to Sir L, West. Sir, Forrign Office, August 10, 1887. I HAVI'i to inform you that a telegram has been received from the Commander-in- chief of Fler Majesty's naval forces in the Pacific, dated N'ictoria, ihitish ('olumhiu, on the 7th instant, from which it appears that an American llcveniic vessel had seized three more British Columbian sealing schooners when a long distance from land, and that f7 they had been taken to Sitka. He further stated that several other vessels in sii^lit from Sitka were being towed in. It will be within your recollection that in the correspondence which has recently tiikcn place in regard to the previous seizures of three British vessels by the United States' Revenue cruizcr " Corwin," Mr. Bayard stated in a note dated the 3rd February (a copy of which accompanied your despatch of the following day), that " without conclusion at this time of day of any questions which may be found to be involved in these cases of seizure, orders Jiave been issued by the President's direction for the discontinuance of all pending proceedings, the discharge of tlio vessels referred to, and the release of all persons under arrest in connection therewith," I request that you will at once connnuuicate to the United States' Government the nature of the information which has reached them in regard to these further seizures of British vessels by the United States' authorities. Vou will at the same time say that Her Majesty's Government had assumed, in view of the assurances conveyed to you in Mr. Bayard's note of the 3rd February last, that pending a conclusion of the discussion between the two Governments on the general question involved, no further similar seizures of British vessels would be made by order of the United States' Government, I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. V, ■ No. 47. " The Marquis of Salisbury to Sir L, West. Sir, Foreign Office, Amjust 10, 1887. I HAVE to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch of the 12th ultimo, inclosing printed copies of the records in the United States' District Court for the District of Alaska in the cases of the British Columbian sealing schooners " Onward," " Cprolina," and " Thornton." I should be glad if you would inform me whether the owners or masters of any of these vessels have entered an appeal against the Judgments delivered by the Court, and whether, if they have not already done so, such a course is still open to them. It is also desirable that Her Majesty's Government should be furnished with a full Report of the proceedings at the trials of the masters, which resulted in their conviction, and sentence to imprisonment and fine. I have further to request that you will endeavour to ascertain and to rejmrt to me when it is probable that the appeals referred to in your despatches of the 2nd April, 1887, and of the Gth May, 1887, respectively, of the owners of the American ships which were seized on similar grounds, will come on for hearing, and whether any arrange- ment has been, or can now, in your opinion, advantageously be made between the owners of th(? British and American vessels on the one side and the Government of the Unittd States on the other, that one of these cases should be regarded as a test case, by which, in so far as the American legal Tribunals arc concerned, the remaining cases might he held to be concluded. It must, however, be clearly understood that any such arrangement, if made, would only alli'ct the leu;al remedies which were open to the masters and owners of these vessels in the American Courts, and would in no deu;n.'e limit the riirlit of Her Majisty's Govern- tncnt, after -di such legal remedies were considered to be exhausted, to intervene through (iiliioiiKitic channels and on international grounds on behalf of such nuisters or owners. It is presumed that the records of the proceedings in the eases of the seizures of the British schooners which accompanied your despatch were comnmnieated clficiuily to Her Majesty's Legation, and, if so, I request that you will furnish nic with a copy of the note by which they were accom|)anied, I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. No. 48. Sir L. West lo the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received August 26.) .My Lord, Washintjlon, Auijust 15, 1HH7. IN ohedienei! to the instruction contained in your Lordship's despatch »l the .'0th mslaiit, 1 informed tiiu Secretary of State that three British C'ulundnnn Hcliuoneis IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) V /. £/ A^ A I.I 1.0 If"^ ^ x& m |2.2 I: lii 1 2£ •- Mm 1118 IL25 iillll.4 ill 1.6 6" V] /] A r% 'V,^^ 7 >^ Photographic Sciences Corporation 33 WIST MAIN STRUT WnSTIR.N V 14510 (716) •73-4S03 ^ m r§^ ^ 4^ o ^ ■<» i ^ 4 \ 78 had been seized in Beliring's Sea by tlic United States' cruizers a long distance from Sitka, anc* that several other vessels were in sight being towed in. I also intimated to Mr. Bayard that, in view of the assurances given in liis note of the 3r(i February last, Her Majesty's Government had assumed *^hut, pending tlic conclusion of discussions between the two Governments on general questions involved, no further seizures would be made by order of the United States' Government. Copy of my note is herewitli inclosed. I have likewise tiie honour to inclose to your Lordshii) copy of a note which I have received in reply to the above com:.iunication, in wiiich Mr. Bayard states that he can discover no ground whatever, from the expressions contained in iiis note referred to, for the assuni|)tion by Her Majesty's Government that it contained any such assurances, but that he will ascertain without delay whether the circumstances attendant upon the cases of the seizures in ([uestion arc the same as those which induced the Executive to direct the release of the vessels mentioned in his note of the 3rd February. I have, &c. •' . •■ (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE WEST. Inclosurc 1 in No. 18. ;i , . . • •' Sir L. West to Mr. Bayard. Sir, Washington, August 11, 1887. I HAVE the honour to inform you that Her Majesty's Government have received a telegram from tiie Commander-in-ciiicf of Her Majesty's naval forces in the Pacific, dated Victoria, IJritisii Columbia, 7th August, reporting the seizure by United States' cruizers of tlirce British Columbian sealing schooners in Jk-hring's Sea, a long distance from Sitka, and that several otiier vessels were in sight being towed in. In conveying this information to you, i am requested at the same time by the Marquis of Salisbury tu (Signed) T. F. BAYARD. No. 4!). Admiralty to Foreir/n Offici'. -{Received August 21 ) ;-'■'' • ^; Ii."....j. (Kxtract.) Admiralty, Auyu.sl 21, 1887. I AM commanded by my Lords Conuiussioners of tiic Admiralty to send you here- with, for the perusal of the Marquis of Salisbury, extract from a letter from the Commander-in-chief on the Pacific Station, dated the 5tli August, reporting the seizure of a sealing-schooner, named the "Anna Beck," by an American Revenue vessel in Behring's Sea. 1 I Inclosure in No. 49. Rear-Admiral Culwe- Seymour to Admiralty. (Extract.) " Trimnpli" at Emjuimalt, Auyunl 5, 1887.' J;INCK my return 1 licir tl.al the "Anna Beck," a scaling wcliooner, has been seized by an American Revenue vessel in Behring's Sea — it is, reported 00 miles north-east from St. Gc't.rgc's Island ; but no reliable information as to the spot has yet reached me. As SDon as it does 1 will forward particulars. No. 50. Sir L, West to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received September I.) (i'lxtruct.) Washinijton, Awjust 20, 1887. IT would appocr from Ileports of Captain Shepard, of the United States' Revenue cutter " Rush," that the "Sayward " was captured ."JO miles and the "Dolphin ' 40 miles from Cape Cheerful, wiiile the " Grace'' was seized !).') miles from Ounalaska. ('ajjc Cheerful does not ajipenr on any Ma|) or Cliart, but is siippitscd to be tlic northernmost point of tho Island of Ounalaska. The Islands of St. George and St. Paul (Fribylov Islands) are distant 180 miles from Ounalaska, so that at tho time of the seizure of the " Grace" that vessel would have been Sf) miles distant from them. To reach the breeding-grounds on the Islands of St. George and St. Paul, the seals pass regularly through the channel whicli separates the Island of Ounalaska from the Island of Akutan, and that which separates Akutan from the Island of IJnimnk, called respectively the Akutan and Uninmk passes, and it is hcrcs that the sealers lay in wait for them on their passage. It is maintained that the capture n( seals in this n anncr is in violation of section lU/iO of the Revised Statutes of the United States, aii[) miles distant, I hoarded and examined the British schooner "W. 1\ Sayward," r)9"7D tons register, of Victoria, British Columbia, Geo. R. Ferry, master, and W. D. Warren, of Victoria, British Ccilumbia, managing owner, and found her to be on a sealing voyage — iiad been four days in the Behring's Sea. The captain reported 48;') seal-skins on board, sixty-lour of which were tMken in the Behring's Sea. Found the vessel under short sail, and one eanoe and two Indians out hunting seal. Her crew consisted of six white men all told, and seventeen Indians (Vom British Columbia, and two Indians belonging to the crew of the British schooner " Anna Beck," who had lost that vc-'^el in a fog. I took cliarge of the ve>sers piipcrs and seized ler for violation of section 11)5G, Revised Statutes; took her in tow and proceeded to Ounalaskn, arriving at nudnight. I have delivered the 485 seal-skins tiiund on board to the I nilcd Slates' Deputy Marshid at Ibis place, and will send the vessel and her erew to Silka, Alaska, in charge of one of the erew of this vessel duly (pialified as ii United States' Deputy Marshal, with instructions to deliver the vessel with her outfit, tlie captain and male, to the United States' Mar. .al at Sitka on arrival at that port, and to set the erew at liberty. I am, &c. (Signed) I,, fi. SHEBARI). Inclosure 4 in No. 51. Cnptain Shepard, r.SJi.M., to }fr. Fairrliitd. United Stales' Revenue Marine Steamer " Rush," Sir, Ounalaska, Alaska, Juhj IH, 1SK7. I HAVE the honour to mforin the Department that on the ll!th July in the Helirin-^^'s Sen, latitude .')4° .'»!s' north, longitude 107" •''.()' west, Ca|)e Cheerful, (hnuilaska island, bearing south-east ^ south, 40 miles distant, I boarded and examined the Hiitisb sleam- schooner "Dolphin," (50 i',,",, tons register, of Victoriii, British Cohnnbia, J. I). Warren, [I28J M 82 master and managing owner, and found her to be on a sealing voyage. Tlie vessel had been three days in the Behring's Sea, and had 618 seal-skins on board. Ten canoes and one boat were out hunting seal at the time. From the canoes twelve or more dead seal were taken on board the schooner while we were near her, and three skins from seal recently killed ..ere found in the boat. Seized the vessel for violation of section 1956, Revised Statutes, and transferred licr arms ami ammunition on board tiie " Rush," viz., 4 breech-loading rifles, 26 brcecii-loading shot guns, 10 muzzle-loading shot guns, 1 boab gun, 4 revolvers, 3,'104 rounds anununition for breech-loading rifles, 250 rounds annnunition for shot guns, 4 kogs powder, 50 lbs. shot and other small anmiunition. Seized the 4 breech-loading rifles and ammunition for same for violation of section 1955, Revised Statutes, and section 4, Executive Order No. 53, dated tlie 4th May, 1 887. 1 placed Lieutenant Dunwoody in charge, with instructions to take her into Ounalaska, where she arrived the following day. The crew consisted of seven white men and twenty- six Indians from British Columbia. On tiio 17th July, in the Behring's Sea, latitude 55" :V north, longitude 168° 40' west, Cape Cheerful, Ounalaska Island, bearing south-east I east, 96 miles distant, I boarded and examined tlie British steam-schooner "Grace," 76 iV,, tons register, of Victoria, British Columbia, William Petit, master, and J. D. Warren, of Victoria, British Columbia, managing owner, and found her to be on a sealing voyage ; had been ten days in the Behring's Sea, and had 7l>9 seal-skins on board. When boarded she had twelve canoes and one boat out hunting seal. Saw one seal shot and taken into the boat while we were near her. Counted twelve se.ds taken on board the schooner from one canoe, and all the canoes containefl more or less seals rci-cntly killed. Tiie captain reported taking ninety seals during the day and l.vO the day previous. Seized the vessel for violation of section 1.056, Revised Statutes, and two breech-loading rifles and ammunition for same; for violation of section 1955, Revised Statutes, and section 4, Executive Order No. 53. dated the 4th May, 1887. Her crew consisted of 6 white men, 24 Indians, and I Chinaman. Placed Lieutenant Benham in charge, and after waiting seven hours for her canoes to return — some of which had been a long distance from the vessel— took her in tow an'' proceeded to Ounalaska, arriving at fl'-'iO a.ji. I liavc delivered the seal-skins from these vessels to the United States' Deputy Marshal at tliis place, and will send the vessels in charge of men from this vessel duly qualified as United States' Deputy Marshals to Sitka, to he delivered to the United States' Marshal for the district of Alaska. By recpiest of Captain .J. D. Warren, of the " Dolphin," managing owner of the schooner "Anna Beck " (seized the 2nd July, as previously reported), [ will send her to Sitka in like manner. Also on the 16th July, in the Behring's Sea, in latitude 5.5° 46' north, longitude 170" '3S' west, Delnoi Point, St. ticorge's Island, hearing north 30" east, 68 miles distant, I hoarded iMid examined the schooner " Lily L.," 63 j*]',,- tons register, of San Francisco, California, .). W. Todd, master, and C. D. Ladd, of San Francisco, managing owner, and found her to he on a sealing voyage. Had three boats out at the time, one of which on returning to the vessel contained two seal recently killed. Captain Todd and Mr. Ladd, repreienting the owner, admitted they came into these waters for the purpose, and had taken seal in the Behring's Sea, and claimed a right to do so anywhere outside the 9-mile limit from the shore. I seized the vessel for violatioi\ of section 1956, Revised Statutes. There being only two commissioned officers on hoard this vessel, 1 placed Boatswain Winsiow on board the schooner to rcprescint the Unittsd States, and instr.cted her captain to take her into Ounalaska, which ho agreed to do, there being too niueii sea running at the time to under- take to tow her to that place. On her arrival 1 will make liirlher report to the Department. I am, &c. (Signed) L. G. SMFPARD. No. 52. AdmiroUji to Foreign Office. — {Received September 7.) Sir, Admiralty, September 5, 1887. I AM commanded by my Lorda CommigBioners of the Admiralty to transmit to you herewith, for the perusal of the MarquiH of Salisbury, the aceoiuptitying copy of II letter of the 'Jth August from Hcar-Admiral Sir M. Guhne-Seyinour, with iti inclosurai, 83 respecting the seizure of the British Columbian sealing-schooners "Anna Beck" and " W. P. Sayward," by un American 1?f!vetiue steamer in tlie Beliring's Sea. I am to request that these docunientH fr;ay be foiwardcd to the Colonial Office, with a request that they may eventually be returned to this Department. I am, &c. (Signed) R. D. AWDRY. IncioKurc I in No. '>2, Rear-Admiral Hnymour to Admiralty. Sir, " Triumph," nt Esquimall, August 9, 1887. IN confirmation of my telegram ui' the I'lih instant, I liave the honour to report the British Columbian sealing-schooners "Anna iieck," " Dolphin/' and "W. P. Sayward" were seized in the Behrin{;'s Sea, between the '2nd and 12th .luly last, by the American Revenue steamer " Rush," and were towed to Ounaiaska. Mr. Andrew Laing, mate and i)art owner of the " \V. P. Sayward," came down here and rfturns to-day to Sitka, lie has made the following statement to me : — " The • W. P. Sayward,' of Victoria, (•ntercd Beliring's Sea on the 2nd July, having ou board 479 skins, procured off" the went coast of Vancouver Island, &c. On the 0th she was seized by the ' Rush ' about ')0 miles to the northward and westward of Ounaiaska, and was towed to Oiinala-^ka, wbieli took twelve hours. The skins on board were put into a lighter and taken to the Alaska Commercial Company's store. A quarter- master was put on board and the Hchooner sent to Sitka, the captain and myself being brought before Judge Dawson and bound over to ap[)ear on the 22nd August to answer^a charge of 'killing seals in American watcrc' " No seals whatever had been taken hinrc wc entered Beliring's Sea." I am informed that as the " (Jlympian," an American excursion steamer, was leaving Sitka, she saw a steamer coming in with s^evcn-.l richooners in tow. I inclose a copy of the indictment against the " W. P. Sayward," a copy of the'declara- tion made by Mr. Andrew Laing before a .Notary Public at Victoria, and also a cuttii.g from tlie Victoria" "Daily Colonist." I have, &a (Signed) M. CULME-SEYMOUR. IncloKurc 2 in No. .")2. In the District Court of the United States for the District of Alaska. United Statex v. (iro. R. Perry and A, Laing. — Information. Disdict of Alaska, ss. (Ji:()UliK R. 1'T:11RV and A. Laing are accused by M. D. Ball, United States' District Attorney for Alaska, by thin iiidfrmation, of the crime of killing fnr seals within till' WJiters of jVlaska Territory, cornmitttd as (iillows : — The said (icorge R. Ferry and A. IjiinL', on tlio Hth day of July A.n. 1887, in the District of Alaska and within the jurisilictinn of this (.'ourt, to wit, in Beliring's Sea, within I he waters ol Alaska Territ(jry, did kill ten fur scid.s, contrary to the Statutes of the United Stall's in such case made and provided, and ngainut the peace and dignity of the United States of .* I'H'rica. Datcii t Sitka the 2;}rd day of July, 1887. L iM. 1). Ball, United States' Dihtrict Attorney for Alaska, being duly sworn, say the uiiliin inroniialiiri is true, as I verily believe. (Signed) M. C. D. BALL. Subscribed and sworn to before nie, this 2,'Jrd day of July a.i). 1887. (Signed) 11. K. llAVt)0.v, C/^r/f (By A. A. Meyer, Deputy Clerk). 1 crrlil'v that the within is a true copy of tli'.: information filed in the cause. (SiLMied) 11. L. Havdo.v, Clirii (Bv A. .A. Meyer, Deputv Clerk). [I2SJ ' ■ M a 84 Personally appeared before me, Montague W. Tyrwhitt Drake, Notary Public, duly authorized, admitted, and sworn, residing and practising in Victoria, British Columbia, Andrew Laing, mate of tiis British schooner " W. P. Sayward," who states the above- written information was served upon him by Mr. M. D. Ball on tie 23rd July, 1887. (Signed) M. W. TYRWiiriT DrA-KE, Notary Public. Inciosure 3 in No. 52. Drclnrulion. I, ANDREW LAING, of Victoria, mate of the British sciiooner " W. P. Sayward," do solemnly and sincerely declare that I left Victoria, British Columbia, in the schooner " W. P. Sayward " on the lOf h day of May, 1887, bound on a sealing voyage, with a crew of seven men and sixteen Indian hunters wi(h eight canoes. We commenced sealing off Cape Scott, on the north of Vancouver Island, and killed 479 fur-seals in the Pacific Ocean, and entered the Behring's Sea on the i-'nd .July, 1887, passing between Umnack Island and the Island of the l-'our Mountains. 1 he weather was very thick and foggy, and we did no sealing in Behring's Sea in consequence. On the 9th July we were captured by the United States' steamei " Richard Rush," being then from 30 to 40 miles off the nearest land. We were taken in tow to Ounalaska, where we arrived on tlie 10th July, and they laid us alongside the steamer " St. Paul," l)elonging to the Alaska Commercial Company. They removed the seal-skins and took them ashore to the wharf and put them in the Comjiany's warehouse, and they rcsalted the skins with salt taken from our vessel. They put an olficer from the " Uusli " on board and towed us out to sea and told us to go to Sitka. We arrived there on the 22nd July, and on the next day an investigation was held before Judge Dawson, who bound us over to appear on tlie 2.;nd August for trial. The vessel was left in charge of the United States' officers, and we were only allowed to remove our clothing. The Indians were left to find their way home as they could; they were about 700 miles from their villages. I further say that when we were taken I spoke to the Captain of the " Hush " and told him we had not taken a seal in Behring's Sea ; he leplied : " I am sorry for you ; I have to obey orders, and take every- thing I come across in Behring's Sea." And I make this solemn declaration by virtue of the Act passed in the thirty-seventh year of Ilcr Majesty's reign, intituled, " An Act for the Suppression of Voluntary and I'^xtra-Judicial Oaths." (Signed) A. LAING. Taken and declared before me at Victoria, this 8th day of August, 1887. (Signed) M. W. Tyuwhitt Duake, Notary Public. Inciosure 4 in No. 52. Extract from the " Victoria Daily Colonist" of August 6, 1887. Sk.\t,eiis Seized. — ANm-riER PrRAiicAL Act by tfie American Revenue Gutters. — The " Olympian," which arrived from Sitka yesteiday, brought the startling news that another lot of British and American schooners had been captured by the Revenue cutter " Rush, " and taken to Sitka, and that as the steamer was leaving the Revenue cutter again hove in sight, having a number of schooners in tow. Those in Sitka arc the Victoria schooners " Dolphin," " Anna Beck," " Grace," " W. P. Sayward,'' and the American schooner "('hiillenger," of Seattle. With the schooners seized last year this makes seven Biitish vessels now in charge of the Alaskan authorities, and they will, no doubt, be added to, as it seems the intention of the Americans to seize every schooner that they cim secure anywhere within the waters of Behring's Sen. It was not thought probable that such measures would have been taken in the lace of information received from Wiishiiigton and Ottawa ; however, a lack of diplomacy or of energy seems to have prevailed, and no decisive answer was given to the oflicial fineries made to the United States' authorities in regard to the |)rogrannne they purposed following during the |)resent season. 'I'he following statements of several of the captured sealers is taken from the "Alaskan" of the 30th July :— Cai)tain Olsen, of the steam-schooner "Anna Beck," stated : — " I left Vicluria on the 7th February last, clearing at the Custom-house for the purpoie 85 of a scaling and fishing trip to the west coast of Vancouver Island, the North Pacific Ocean, and the Behring's Sea. "At the time tlie papers were issued by Mr. A. H. Milne, Collector of Customs, he made no observation about my vessel fishing in IJehriiig's Sea ; neither did I say any thiiiir to him. I supposed, from the fact that the papers were issued giving me such permission, there was no reason why I should not fish in Behring's Sea, and had I antici- pated that there would be any trouble 1 would not have started on a voyage for such a purpose. " It was the common talk amongst the people of Victoria that we were perfectly safe in fishing, as the American Governmc"t would not make any seizures this season. I don't understand why my vessel was seized, is personally I was not engaged in catching seals. I purchase the seals from the Indians for the owners of the schooner, angetl»«r with fhrir tacktc, apparel, skins, guns, lunmuiiition, small boats, and everytliing imrUuiiutfi U> *ia<\ vessels, « T»)iK I'Jtli day '4 Ffcf/roary, 1887. (Signed) "Lafavette Dawsox, "District Julge, District of Alaska." It would iii)'Hiar from the ahove that the United States had given up the foolish contention of ixjut^tkk'tw^ t(»ft w/ntrol over the high seas. The following letter was received by Mr. Munsic from tin: /ic-pfrtjr Minister of Fisheries in reply to a letter : — "Sir, / " Ottawa, April 2, 1887. " Havin^r rc-f«'*Uj\ti>'- tbfr rftceipt of your letter of the lOth instant, addressed to the Minister of Mario/; nit^i Vi^ht-.t'iM, in whicli you state, ' We have not received a single word from the Vu'iUA HtJtU:^' Oovcrnrnent about the "reiease of the vessels," ' referring, of course, t f;»r a* r»:l«i5ting the vessels, &e., which letter yon acknowledged. " IJa\e you umxU- uny aj/{»licafion for the surrender of t!ie vessels, or have you reason to sup|)ose the L'liitcd hiat*-*' Government would communicate the action to you by other means than ' 'an uniUtHry ottUuHi channel ? "This J)epartnK-rit I'M uft time in communicating the decision in question to yon, with the exjKX-tiiti/^n tha», yoti would at once take steps to regain possession of the vessels, " I am, &c. (Signed) ".foiiN Tii/rox, " Deputy Minister of Fi.ihvirs." From the abov<; y^flj^^l orticr!* of the American authorities and the correspondence of the Doiiiirjion *iover«»fKf(f, nt-tiUr* here were f|iiite natural in believing that no further seiziii- s would \)t; iitiuUr lUmun ''''' ITtsent, st^ison. However, the reverse is the ease, and the Aii'.eiiean autho»it><,->. ((ayft frvfdently fully prepared in order to do as much injury as |)ossil)le to the HinS'wj: 'mittt:»U outside those controlled by the Alaska Commeveial Comp:iiiy. liiitish and Afo; been given them before their vessels sailed as to the inteiili'Mis of th<' AiwiifiUA, .Vow that they are seized tlii y consider llic Imperial autiiijiities hhould i/jove at .•<«/"<■; in the mattei-, and dcmanci instant redress from the United St:jte» (or a hr««j/;h of ititernational law, and for the damages sustained by Hritish Bubjeets \sliile legally (i»h»«(j{ '/(» fh'- hitdi sefi'. They are bogiiming to wonder if, indeed, Enghind is mihtrefcit of tifi *"!t>i when sueii hi^li-iianded ])iratieal acts as those |)i>rpetrated la^t year, iitid a-/ai« rnynt/'A tbi«, are allowed to oeeur witliont some protection beine; givi.u lo l>iitii»h »^ul/j<;<'t» t/f r''<(resji wcrttircd for damage done to i)roperty and intei'ests at tiie hand- of AiinrieaiM, From 1 lie " AI-ntkaK" »» »U'» g.'itbered tln! following in regiu'd to the disposition of this iin;! \\\-X ytut'h tn;i/,Hrirt ', ■ " M irohal Atkin* ban inti notified bv Deputy-Marslial Aiu'erson of Onnalaska, that the {'onim;m j);")lc'ct ihttn from injury. One of the vessels, which was in a leaky condition when firut captured, was l)'jachc(l in order to save continuous pumping. '• In the District (-'ourt on Tuesday morning, H. li. Jones, captain, and Carl Ericknon, mate of the schoniier ' ('hallcngcr,' Louis Olsen, captain, and Michael Keefe, mate of the steam schooner 'Anna Beck,' and George R. Ferry, captain of the schooner ' W. P. Kay- ward,' ajjpearcd iicfore .Judge Dawson and made an application that they be permitted Ut suin ii'.ler their bonds on the ground that they were devoid of the funds necessary for tiieir suijbistence. The Court granted tlie application, and ordered that the defendant* be phiced in tiie custody of the United States' jNIarshal. " Tiie arms and ammunition seized on the schooners ' City of San Diego ' and 'SicTia'- conjirising in all nine rifles and guns and about 1,400 cartridges — will be sold by auction in Sitka on Monday, the 8tli proximo, by the Marshal. The seized ann» and aiiiniunition lakcn troi.- the schooners 'San Diego,' ' Thornton,' and 'Onward,* — compiising some fifty rifles, breech-loading guns and rifles, and several thousand rounds of aiiiiiiimit'on, — will be offered for sale at Juneau as soon as the necessary instructions arc received from Washington." BayanVs Opinion. The following telegram is another unofficial announcement, and seems to be rather out of harmony with the official acts of the commanders of the Revenue cutters : — " Waslilnijton, July 20, " Secrc'tary Hayard, when he was shown to-day a despatch from Ottawa, stating tliat 'the Dominion (iovernment is protesting against the discourtesy shown by the United States' authorities in ignoring its demand for reparation for the seizure and detention of the Hritish Columbia sealers seized in Behring's Sea last year,' said : — ' In the first jdace, no demand was ever made to our Government by any body, either for the release of the vessels in rjuestion or for damages for their detention ; and, in the second place, if any such demand had been made, it could not have come by any possibility from the Dominion (iovcrnmeiit, with which we have absolutely no diplomatic relations whatsoever. The vessels in ((ucstion >vero released upon representations of the British Government that they were IJritish vessels. They were released, because our right to hold them was deemed Ujo doubtfid to be enforced. Our Government did what it believed to be right in the matter, without constraint from any quarter. The probability is that the "Anna Beck," alleged to b{! a British steam schooner from Victoria, the arrest of which by the lU'veime cutter "flush" for alleged violation of our Alaska Revenue Laws was reported yesterday, will \h! released the same way if the facts arc as alleged. The claim that Behring's Sea is a m/nr clnuKitin upon which the seizure of foreign vessels for violating our Revenue Laws procccdn seems to he unUiiahle. Wc contended that it was not when Russia owned all ilii* territory on both sides of it. Now that we own half and Russia half, it seems iinpoi-Kibk; to maintain the vwrn rluumim theory.' " What course of action will be followed by the people here is not yet determined, but some steps should be taken by the Local and Civic Governments in order to convey the deep feeling of indignation entertained against the repeated acts of lawlessness on the part of thv American authorities, and their regret that better protection is not afforded our fikhing intercBts. A. Laing, mate of the " W. P. Sayward," arrived down frotn Nanaimu last evening, having left the " Idaho " at that point. He corroborates the fact that the " Rush " wax entering Sitka as the steamer left, iiaving in charge a number of schooners, the name* of which were unknown. The Americans evidently intend to make a clefm sweep of tluj sehoonors scaling north this season. Portions of the crews of the seized schooners are on the " Idaho " and will arrive over from Port Townsend to-day. A number of sailors and Indians have started for Victoria in boats. 88 It was reported that Captain Miner, of tlie schooner " Penelope," had Qv^',t■^^}(,■^Yfi.^^ the men put on liis schooner as a prize crew, and was now on hia way ly Vic-lynvi ^,»iiV ^4^ unwilling passengers. No. 53. The Marquis of Salisbwy to Sir L. West. Sir, Foreign Office, September W, ll^*7.- BY a dospafch of the 30th October last the late Earl of Iddosleigb iu«i|JivvM'^/i you to call the attention of the United States' Secretary of State to tUt; mv>\ViW-- stances of tlm seizure in Behring's Sea, Ly the American cruizer "i^wwm/^ rt^ some Eritish Canadian vessels ; and his Lordship directed you to state to iix. ^wa^ tary Bayard tliat Her ilajesty's Government felt sure that if the i)roceodjjiigfc #UiiH?i' were reporti^d to have taken place in the United States' District Court were r/^-^n^,fM descril)ed, the United States' (Government would admit their illc^ahiy, and voulVi^*«* reasona))lc reparation to he made to the British subjc^jts for the wrcuj^s to whJtVM M^ had been subjected and for the losses which they Ir.d sustained. By a previous despatch of the 9th September you had been dotirod V; i^ tVvlW furnished wth any particulars which the United States' Governmert might ;^>',«t(»«» relative to the seizures in question ; and on tlie 20tli October you were iimtruwl*^ f^y enter a protest on behalf of Ilcr Majesty's Government, and reserve- for comtUv.iiflin* hereafter all ritjlits to compensation. Nearly four months having elapsed without any definite informatiyv \\»v(tAi^ furnished by the United States' Government as to the grounds of the mi/,wm^ Avf predecessor instructed you, on the 8th January last, to express to Mr. Jiayaixl t.Ut',«M\**^l«rt' of Her JIajesty's Goverimient at the delay, and to urge the imraodiat(; utt('iiti<.>^i ^4 Urtft^ United States' Government to the action of the American authorities iu tUtvy' ft|i<4jv8-- ment of these vi-sstds ajul of their masters and crews. On the 3rd February [Mr. Bayard informed you that the record of 1;Ut? ^jvwliKttttl proceedings which lie had called for was shortly expected to reach WabUiagt<.,1W*i tliat, without conclusion at that time of any questions which might hr fouiKl ^>> iW' involved in these cases of seizures, orders had been issued by the BiesidoutV^ljV'**^^- tion for the discontiimance of all pending proceedings, the (iischargc ;u«>«»Ul» referred to, and tlie release of all persons under arrest in connection tli<'rcwith. On the 4th April, under instructions from me, you inc^uireci of Mr. Buy^i,!!^^ ji^ view of the approaching fishing season in Behring's Sea, wli('th(;r the oyt^i«y:^ (<^ British vessels might rely when not near land on being unmolested by the <':)-iw/(VV* (Sf the United States, and you again asked when the record of the judicial }.mMWHi\*,s^^ might be expected. Mr. Bayard informed you, in reply (12th Ajjiil), thwt it^^- papers refcrr(;d to had reached him and were being examined ; that thcrf lii^l !l,»n»ttJ unavoidable delay in framing appropriate Regulations and issuing orders to t,hr (1,^,^1(1^)^1 States' vessels to i>olicc the Alaskan waters; that the E.(!vised Statutes itiUuljii^ij^ |W Alaska, Sections ISiuO and 11)71, contained tlie Laws of the United StaU* iii ^;«tit>(1ih«i to the matter; and that the llcgulations were being considered, and he would IJ^Ii'JmMW' you at the earliest day possible what had been decided, so that British aui«\i^^\f note of the 13th August last, inclosed in your despatch of the 15th Auj^iwt^ H]\i0 such was not the meaning which he intended should be nttached to his coumkm^i/^ cation of the 3rd February ; and they deei)ly regret to find a proof of their jui,itgi^i(»i^fl rcc(!ntly received from the Commander-in-chief of Ilcr Majesty's naval foioen li^i ^]\^, Pacific, that several more British vessels engaged in seal-hunting in BcUriujr?'* ^sj^ have been seized when a long distance from land by an American Jlfveuut,' vejtbMl ller Majesty's Government have carefully considered the transcript uf iti4)<^i; uvt it* yt/ttf ri^spatch of the 12th of tliat month, and they cannot find in them any 'mtiiftfiftfi^fti tot the condemnation of those vessels. The libels of information alles^e thai tJiey wnff, ^y^] for killincj fur-seal •within the limits of Alaska Territory, and in the watf^j-s Umtw^, in violation of Section 1956 of the llevised Statutes of the United .Stat<;s ; ufA tUi t/nited States' Naval Com- mander Abbey certainly affirmed that tlie vesb<;l» wnfTft T(r|x')rted to make any such ^rant; for, by Article I of that instrument, iiut**» *<;f/wd to cede to the United States all the territory and dominion then possesy-Ki \^ /5t»ssia "on the Continent of America and in the adjacent islands" witbi/i im'^m-f i'l'/'.^apliical limits described, and no mejition was made of aiiy exclusive ri /lit 'tH't ^1(4', waters of IJehrinf^'s Sea. Moreover, whatever rights as rr^jrards theij- fiii'^)t^*^i>1aiA/o*'' ^y^nsfress by I'rcsidimt Monroe in 1822, which show tlic view taken by the Xtrn'TttiHU ffovfmmcnt of tliesc preten- sions. In 1821 the Emperor of Russia had issu%•*, ftnti S(ulfs, including the whole of tlie north-west coast of America, beginning Uv)n IJufi^^rtif* .Straits to the 51st degree of northern latitude; also from the Aleutian Jbla«*im». eastern coast of Siberia, as well as along the K\irile Islands from JieJDJjj/j- ^^^tttiU fo the south Capo of the Island of Urup, viz., to the 15" 50' ol' noitii<'ijj i^Hiiftiin/f/-, i< rxclusivfdy granted to Russian subjects ;" and s(>cti()ii 2 statcMl : "it J*-, ^^.-'-^t^/itfi, prohibited to all foreign vessels not only to land on the coast and i.slaudt. Iji-i'Mifhti^ f/> Ki^sia, as stated above, but also to approach tluMU within less than ]<><> tt*iif$» miles. The transgressor's vessel is subject to eoullscatioii, along with tlni v>h Kegulations was oiliciaily i:,iMUf*tif4 to tlie American Secre- tary of State by the Russian .Minister :it Wat-ltiupuMt tm lUc. tltli l''(d)ruary, 1S22; whereupon .Mr. Quiney Adams, on tin; 2.'nli of XhM iw^Ah, after informing liim that the President of tin> United States bad seen witii ^wftrint', fhe ,is>ii, the a[)j)roach upon the high seas withi' 100 Italian miles of the sbx^jes il/> vvhii-li that (ilaim was made to apply, went on to say that it was expeetc^d Ixdore aw/ iW-,t which should defmo the boimdary between the territories of the L'nileai-1i.es. nn^ ihftt. " l(> exclude tlu; vessels of American citizens from the shore liajniid the ok/imoi^ c(i^fnr:. '• to which territorial jurisdi(!tion extends has excited still gi'eat<;i' sujpiivse;" fut^i ,V(r. Afiams asked whether the Russian Minister was atithorized to give <',\pJ«iijAiltii<'yit« fA the "grounds of right, upon principles generally recognized by tiie lavus MimH md'^tm of nations, whicli can warrant the claims and Regulations." [1281 ' N Tho Itussian Minister, in liis reply, dated the 28th February, after explaining how Kussia had acquired her j)f)ss««sif)ns in Nortli America, said : — " T oiii^lit, in tlie last place, to request you to consider. Sir, that tho Russian possessions in the J'aeilie Ocean extend on the north-west coast of America from lielninL,'s Strait to the Olst de^n-e of north laiitud<', and on tho opposite side of Asia and llie islands adjacent from thr- same Strait to tlie loth det^ree. The extent of sea of wliich tl.i'se jiossessioris form the limits conipreliends all the conditions which are ordinarily attached lo ulivt scan Cmarx fprmrrs'), and tho Russian Govei-nment mii^ht cons(.'(jucntly jiidire itself authorized to exercise upon this sea the right of sovereii^'uty, and I'sjK'cially that of r-nlireiy interdictint; the entrance of foreigners; hut it preferred only assertinij its (•'■»-ntial rights without taking advantage of localities." (Ju the :50th ilandi .Mr. Adams rfplied to tin' explanations given by the Russian Minister, lie staU'd that, with respect to the pr/'teusion advanced in regard to terri- tory, it must he considered not only with ri'ference lo the question of territorial rights, hut also t(» that prohibition to the vessels of other nations, including those of the United States, to approach within 100 Italian miles of the coasts. That from the pcn-iod oi' ilie existeiuM- of the United States as an indepeiulent nation their vessels had freely naviirated these was, the riitht to navigate them being a part of that independence; and with regard to the suggestion that "the Russian Government might hav(^ justified the <'xereise of sovej'eignty over +lie I'acilie Ocean as a close sea, 'because it claims territory both on its Ann'riean and Asiatic shoves,' it may suffic«! to say that the distance Iroin shore to shore on this sea, in latitude 51° north, is not less than ninety degrees of loiuritude, or t,000 miles." Mr. Adams concluded as follows: "The President is persuaded that the citizens of this Union will remain unmolested in the ])rosccution of their lawful c(jmmeree, and that no cifeet will he given to an interdiction manif«!stly incompatible vith their rights." The Convention hr-twecn the United Statcss of America and Russia of the 17th April, lH2t, put an r-nd to any further ]iretension on the part of Russia to restrict navigation or lishing in IJehrinij's Scii so far as American citizens were concerned ; for by -Vrtich- 1 it was agreed lluit in any i)avt of the (ireat Ocean, commonly called the I'acMlu; (Jecan oi- South Scii, the respective citizens or subjects of the Iligli Contracting Powers shall neither he; disturbed nor restraiiu'd. either in navigation or fishing, savinif certain restrictions which ari! not material to t\w jiresent issue; and a similnr stipulati(jn in the Convent ion between this country and Russia in the following y(yir (l.")th May, ]H2')j ])ut an end, as reganled Rritish subjects:, to the jjretensions of Russia to which I have referred, and which had been entirely repudiated by Her Majesty's (jovc-rnment in correspondence with tlu! Russian (iovernmcnt in 1821 and 1822, \\hich for your more particular information 1 in(dose li.n'ein. Her Majesty's Govenimcnt feel sure that, in view of \hv considerations which I have set Ibrth in this despatch, which you will coinmunieate to ^Ir. Hayard, the Government of the United States will adtnit that, the seizure am! coiidemnatioji of these Rritish vessels, and the imprisonment of their nvistcMs ami crews, were not warranted by the circumstances, and that they will be ready to alford reasmmblc «!ompensation to those who have sulfered in oonse(|uenee, and issue immediate instructions to their nnval oflieora which will prevent a reeurreiute of these regrcttahlo incidents. I am. Sec. (Signed) SALISRURY. No. 54. .!■ •' • Hir II. lloUnntl In 'hi" Marijiiis of Lnnsdoviir. ' ' My ljOTi\, Downinij Stifrl, ISi'iilriiilier N, \bH7. WITH ri'lercucc fo jircious correHpondenre, I have the lioin)ur to ac(|iniint you, l^r the itilornmtion of your .XiinisterR, that the Marquis of Salishury ciuised to he relirred to the Law OHiccrs the corrcHpondencc which hna passed repcetiiiu the s'izure of tlir thK^i; lirilish scalinK-vesscIs, the " 'J'liornton," the "Carolina,"' and the "Onward," liy the United Stales' Kevenue cniizer " Corwin," in Hehring's Sea. ami thiu tlioy adxiscd timt ii claim for conqicnt-ation might pro|)erly he made against the United States' Government. I tclegrapiied fo you on the 7th instant that it was ladpost'd to [UTfcr a cliiini lor eoinpcngiition again' i the United States' (lOvcrnmcnt, and in(|uiring what uniuunt ytiiir 91 Ministers would ku^^csI ; but as at present ndvised it does not seem to uie dui^irable t(j put forward the claims wliicli accompanied your despatch of the l.'itii January, as some ol them are apparently much exa;^gerated, and a new issue would he raised as to tlie reason- ableness of the claims. In the meantime, the Marquis of Salisbury has addressed tlie despatcli, of which I inclose a copy,* to Her Majesty's Minister at Washington, desiring him to couununitate it to the Secretary of (State. Your Ministers will no doubt take this matter into consideration at the earliest inomeiit. I have, &c. (Signed) H. T. HOLLAND. No. 55. Hir L. Wful In the Maniuis of Salisburii. — (Received Hoplemher 15.) • "' My Lord, Washington, September (i, 1 HS7. i HA\'l'. the honour to inclose to your Lordship herewith an article from the " New York Times " on maritime jurisdiction in Behring's Sea. I have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE \Vi:ST. ILIRY. \bH7. t you, till' efcrred to the thiet; ," liy llu' si'd that II rnincnt. cliiim lor ,)unt ymii' Inclosurc in No. 55. RrlrnrI from the " AVh> York Times" of Srptemher 5, 1887. A I)isi';ti:i) Ockw. — When the new Fisheries "Commission," as Mr. IJayard nisists it should not he called, was (irst announced in Parliament, it was said that its scope would he limited to the controversy between Canada and the United States. Hut in response to .Mr. (lourlay's in(|uiry. it was subsequently added that tlie (piestion of inclfiding the Alaska seal fisheiie.s was under consideration. It is therefore none too early for public opinion to begin seriously to shape itself on a question about which much less has been said tiian in the interminable codfish sr|uabble. It is, \norcovcr, a very pretty (piestion in itself, that of our rights it; 15e!u'ing's Sea, and involves issues of no slight intrinsic value. As everybody knows, Russia regarded Behring's Sea as hers, just as we regard Delaware and Chesapeake Bays as ours, to eoin])are little things with big. 'I'heu Ku'^nia ceded to us the coast on one side of this little ocean, tngether with on(.'-hall the ocean itself. Next, ( !ongress sold tlie right of cateliing seals in what we will call " our " part of that ocean. And now the 'pk'sliou of our rights i>rises upon the catehiiiL' red-handed poachers who happen to be Bntish. It is intimated that Russia could not convey to u« what sin did not own herself, and that w'.ien we bought Alaska we took in fact miudi ic»H than the deed, that is the Treatv. recited. The merits of tlu" (piestion are of course involved in Russia's rights. Her exclusive rights were not conceded, but, on the contrary, were promptly attacked when they were announced in the Ukas(! of 1H2I. The title was thus clouded, but it was not invalidated. Russia's last word was that, although she did not care to argue about her rights, whoever invaded them did so at his |)eril. Instead of quarrelling, Russia and the United Stutco agreed that the citizens of both countries should have unrestrained privileges in those waters. In other w^rds, although Russia's right of exclusion of Amerieain was disputed, it was deemed good enough by us in 1824 to be the basis of a bargain, (ireat Britain made a similar I'reaty the lu-xt year. The British Treaty is still in fon-e, we suppose, over the western, or Russian, half of Behring's Sea. Great Britain's rights in tlu! western half are therefore ba8(rd on the same title as oui-s in the eastern. She cannot admit the rigiitu of the Czar and diny those of the United States. On the other hand, the Uniterl StatcH are not thus involvd. We protested against the pretensions of tlu; Czar hecnuso they injured American commerce. But, having acouircd the Czar's asserted righln by purchase, wc air now as much interested in defending theni ns we before were in attacking iliem. At (he very least we can nupiire that whoever (luestions those rights should come into (/ourt with clean hands. That means much in connection witii this topic, uh can readilv be made riear. • No. a«. [1281 Vt 92 Russia's rights are attacked on the very simple ground tliat she might as well have annexed the open ocean as Behring's Sea. Russia's position was that the Aleutian Isles, scattered along in a chain between Asia and America, cut off tliat northern portion of the Pacific Ocean and made it an interior sea, like Hudson's Bay, in Britisii Nortii America, or like the Gulf of California. The claim would be more readily conceded i( the Aleutian Isles were more contiguous. As matter of fact, 900 miles of blue water separate the westernmost island from the most eastern extension of Russian mainland. But between the two most separated islands the distance, it must be admitted, is considerably less. Still, it would bo enough to overthrow the mure cluusuin theory were the attack made by any other nation than England. That "closed sea" theory is briefly an agreement among nations that so many of them as have sea-coasts may aimex so much of li)e ocean as they can control, and control is construed to extend as far as a cannon-ball can reach. That is the antiquated theory on which exclusive inaiitime juristliction is conceded by nations to one another over the ocean JV miles from shore. Of course, if two capes were only 3 nnles apart the interior sea beyond them would, on the strict mure clausuin conten- tion, be conceded to the nation owning the capes, but not otherwise. But neither England nor the United States should push this closed sea argument too hard or too far. England once claimed to own the entire ocean surrounding the British Isles, and in 180U the United States thought it ought to be conceilcd a right to exclude belligerents from the Atlantic Ocean between the Gulf Stream and the mainland. To abandon extreme positions and come down to the contentious of to-day, England, which denies to Russia the right to define its possessions by imaginary lines drawn from island to island, assumes to itself the right to exclude Americans from the open ocean included by an imaginary line from headland to headland. Wbo seeks ('(luity must , 1H87. IT appears from the transcri|>t of tlie record of the judicial proceedings in the cases of the schooners "Carolina," "Onward," and "Thornlon," torwarded in your despatch of iiie 12th J I J last, t!uit in each case notice was given of api)ual trom llie (buiing of the District Court. 1 have to request that you will ascertain whether the owners of the vessels have taken steps to prosecute the appeal, and if so, when such appeal may be expected to come on for ' liaring. I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. No. 57. . .. Coloniul Office In I'hreiijn Office. — {Received September 10.) Sir, DniriiiiKj Street, Sejitemlier 15, 1887. WITH reference to previous correspondence, I am directed by the Secretary of State for the Colonies to transmit to you, to be laid before the Marquis of Salisbury, copies of two despatches from the (iovernoi-(ieneral of Catuida, forwarding pa|)ers respecting the recent scl/.ure of British seuling-vessels by u United Stales' Revenue cutter in Behring's Sea. •':,., . , , " I am, &c. (Signed) ROBERT G. W. HERBERT. Jnclosure 1 in No. 57« 1H87. le cases of luspiitcli i; of tlic ■c ting the llulii'iiiy'H lUillT. The Marquis of Lansdowne to Sir H. Holland. Sir, ^ew Derreen, New Richmond, P.Q., Autjust 19, 1887. I HAVE the honour to inclose herewith, for your information, copies of a Keport which has been received by my Minister of Marine and Fisheries from tlie ('ollector of Customs at Victoria, British Columbia, in regard to the seizure of the sealers " (iracc," "Dolphin," and " W. P. Savward " hv the United States'* Revenue cutter " Rieharc? Rush." 2. I beg to rail your especial attention to the deposition inclosed iti Mr. llamley's Report of Captain Laing, of the " W. P. Sayward." You will observe that Ciiptain Laing states positively that the seals of which the skins were found on board his vessel were not taken in the Bohring's Sea. 3. It is scarcely necessary to dwell upon the grievous hardship occasioned l)y tiiese seizures, for which, as far as I am aware, no justification has yet been forthcoming, not only to the owners and to the officers and crews, Ijut to tiie Indian hunters on board who were, it appears, left to find their way home as they could from Sitka to their own villages, distant about 700 miles from that place. I have, &c. (Signed) LANSDOWNE Inclosure 2 in No. 57. The Martjuis of Lansdovne to Sir II. Holland. Sir, The Citadel, Qiieher, Amjnst 27, 1887. WITH reference to my despatch of the 19th instant, in legard to tlie seizure of the sealers "Grace," " Dolphin," and " W. P. Sayward " by the United States' Revenue cutter " Richard Rush," I have the honour to forward herewith copy ol an api)roved Minute of the Privy Council of Canada, to which are appended copies of the fullowing documents : — 1. A letter from H. Hamley, Collector of Customs at V^ietoria, British Columbia, to the Minister of Marine and Fisheries, 2. Tiic affidavit of Andrew Laing, mate of the seized schooner " Sayward," sworn to at Victoiia on the 8th August, 1887. 'A. The inforu\ation filed in liie District Court of the United States for the District of Alaska against the master and mate of the "Sayward." It is reciuested that these papers, copies of which were inclosed in my above- Mientioned despatch, may he transmitted to the Foreign Oflice, in order that a remonstrance may be addressed to the United States' Government ag'iinst the unwarrant- able action of the Commander of the " Rush," and a claim made for all damages arising from the seizure of the "Sayward," and the detention of her oHiccrs and crew. I have, &e. (Signeil) LANSDOWNE. Inclosure 3 in F^ 57. Report of a Committee of the Honourable the Privy Council, approvrl by his Excellency the Governor-Genernl in Council on Auyust '2D, 1887. ON a Report, dated the 17th August, 1887, from the .Vlinister of Marine and I'isheries, submitting, with reference to the seizure by the United States' steamer "Richard Rush" on the !)tli .July last, in the Beluing's Sea, of the Hiitisli r-chooner " W. P. Sayward," of N'ietoria, t'" following pn|)crH : -• 1. A letter from W. Ilamli, follector of Customs at Victoria, British Columbia, to the Minister of Marine ai'^! !''islieries ; 2. The allidavil of Andrew Lning, mate of the seized schooner, sworn to at Victoria oil the 8th August, 18H7 ; and <'l. The information filed in the District Court of the United Btates for the District of Alaska against the nutster and male of the " Sayward j" The Minister observes that, upon reference to tho ufliduvit of the niotu of the schooner 94 "Sayward," it appears that all the seals on board the vessel were taken in the Pacific Ocean, and before the vessel entered tlio nehrinsi's Sea. so that even the alleged claim on the part of the United States' Government to jurisdiction in the Hchring's Sea is not available in the case now complained of; and would also call attention to the reply of the Comuander of the United States' steamer "Richard Rush," in which he states his orders were "to taki? everythinc; he came across in the Behring's Sea." The Committee recommend that your Excellency be moved to forward copies of the annexed papers to the Right Honourable the Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies, for transmission to the Foreign Office, in order tiiat a remonstrance may be made to the United States' Government for so unwarrantable an act as that committed by the Commander of the " Richard Rush," and a claim made for all damages arising out of the seizure of the schooner " W. P. Sayward" in the open sea, and the detention of her othcers and crew, and also that copies of the papers be sent to Her Majesty's Minister at Washington. All which is respectfully submitted for your Excellency's approval. (Signed) .JOHN J. McGEE, Clerk, Privy Council, Inclosurc 4 in No. 57. Mr. Hamley to the Hon G. E. Foster. Sir, Custom-Housc, Victoria, August 9, 1887. ON the 5th instant I sent you word by telegram that three more Canadian vessels had been :«eizcd in Bchring's Sea, and sent to Sitka, "Gr;ice," " Dolphin," and "W. P. Sayward." This news reached us by the steamer " Olympian," and, the day following, the mate of the " W. P. Sayward," one of the seized vessi^ls, came down on the steamer " Idaho.'' I had him here at the custoni-lioiisc, and his statement in some particulars was 80 important that 1 thought it desirable that it should be taken down before a notary public, and the deposition forwarded to you. I inclose it herewith. The seizure was made on the i)ih July by the master of the Revenue cutter " Rush " in Ik'lning's Sea, from 30 to 40 miles from any land ; the mate denies that any seal was killed in Behring's Sea; the skins, 47!) in number, all taken, he says, in the Pacific, were lodired in the Alaska Company's warehouse at Ounalaska, and the vessel hiM-self sent to Sitka. There is no doubt now, from the declaration of the master o( the United States' Revenue cutter made openly on the deck of the " W. P. Sayward," that, in seizing this and other Canadian vessels, he was acting under direct instructions from the United States' Government. I forward also tiic informatictn laid in the District Court at Sitka by the United States' Attorney Ball against the master and mate of the " W. P. Sayward." The indictments against the masters and mates of the other vessels are in the same form and terms— the complaint being that they had killed fur-seals in Mehrimr's Sea, contrary to the Statutes of the United States, and against the i)eace and dignity ot the United States of America, The ease is to be heard in the District Court at Sitka on the 22nd of this month. Tlie mate of the " W. P. Sayward" was allowed out on bail in .'iOO dollars, and returned last night for the trial. I have, &c. (Signed) W. IIAMLEY. uJ ,!! in. Tnelosuro 5 in No. 57. Dfclaration of Andrrw Lninij. [See Inclosurc 3 in No. 52. J ■' . II , Uj ...Ml " ■ ■ , 'I.! >■ '' , .1 .H.W , .; . .1 = < 1 I mil- .1, :(ii' ..': -■mU\ ,11' 96 Inclosure 6 in No. 57. In the District Couit of the United States for the District ol Alaska. The United States v. Georije li. Ferry and A. Lainy. — Information. [See Inclosure 2 in No. 52.] No. .')S. Colonial Office to Foreign Office. — {Received Septrmher 2(i.) Sir. Downing Street, Septemlur -I, 1^87. WITH reference to recent correspondence, I am directed by Sucrclary .Sir ilenry Holland to transmit to you, for such action upon it as tiic Marquis of Saliahury may think proper tu take, a telci^ram received this day from the Governor-General of Canada, relating to the (luestion of the release of the British Columbian sealing-vesscis seized by the United States' authorities in Behring's Sea. Tliis telegram appears to relate to the vessels seized last year. I am to request to be infornied of any communication which iiiay be made to the I'liiled States' Government in order that a reply may be sent to the Gavcrnor-Gcncral. I am, &c. (Signed) JOHN BRAMSTON. Inclosure in No. 58. The Marquis of Lansdowne to Colonial Office. (Teleuraphic.) September 23, 1887. I UNDKRSTANl) that, after Mr. Bayard's announcement of the .'ird Februaiy icspi'ctinu: Behring's .Sea seizures, instructions were sent in accordance witli it to the Alaska authorities by teleicraph ; that an instrument for the release of the V( ssols was iliL'reupon issued by tiic District Judiie, but that subscfpiently, on the assumption that the telegram was forged, he rescinded the order; that no steps liave been taken by the l)(!partment since ; the vessels are still detained. Mv Government trusts the facts will be in niired into. No. 59. The Mim/uis of Snlishurii tn Sir L. West. — {Siihstnnre telegrii plied.) Sir. Foreign OJ/ire, Septemhcr 27, 1887. I TR.'VNSMir to you. for your information, u co|)y of a letter Irom the Colonial Olliec,* inclosing a telegram from the (iovernor-Genernl of Canada, from which it appearB that the British schooners "Carolina,"' "Onward," and "'. ' oriiton," referred to in your i of Salisburif. — {Received October 10.) My Lord, Washington, September 28, 1887. IN pursuance of the instructions contained in your Lordship's telegram of yesterday's date, I have this day addressed a note to Mr. Bayard, cof y of which is herewith inclosed, inquiring the reason for the non-release of the British vessels mentioned in hi.s note of the 3rd February last. I also have the honour to transmit herewith to your Lordship copy of an extract from the " New York Tribune" of yesterday bearing on this point. I have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILE WEST. Sir, Inclosure 1 in No. 64. .S'jV L. West to Mr. Bnyard. Washington, September 28, 1887. I HAVE the honour to inform you thiit; iler Majesty's Government have been officially infornKul that the Biitisli vessels mentioned in your note of the 'ird February last have not been rcleasEd, and that 1 am instructed to inquire the reason for the delay in complying with the orders sent to this elfecl, as stated in your above-mentioned note. I have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE WEST. Inclosure 2 in No. G4. Extract from the "New York Tribune" of September '27, 1887. Tmk Alaska Si;izurk.s. Ottawa, September 26, 1887. THE Government has just received the Report of .Mr. Drake, Q.C., who was sent to Alaska to investifj;;itL' matters in connection with the Beliring's Sea seizures. The followmg is a copy of iIk; despatch addressed to Judj^e Lafayette Dawson and Colonel Ball, United States' District .Miornev at Sitka, which has not been carried out to this day, and in respect to which the Canadian (Government lias recently sent a strong protest to the mother-country for transmission to Washington : — " Washington, January 2(>, 18S7. " 1 am directed l)y tlic President tu instruct you to diseonliniic all jirocccdings in the matter of seizuri' of llie I5iiti-h vessels 'Carolina.' 'Onward,' and 'Thornton,' and to discharge all vessels now held undi'r such seizures, and release all j)ersons that may be under arrest in connection therewith. (Signed) " A. II. Garland, Attorney General." .ludge DawKon thereupon issued an order to Marshal Atkins to release the vessels, but, as stated in previous (lcs|)at('iies, aft(!r«;n(is withdrew it on the representnlion, Mr. Drake says, of Atkins, and against the express opinion of Colonel Ball. .V record of the original instructions appears on the books of the District Court, but there is no record of their withdrawal. The "Onward," " Ciiroliuii," and "Thornton" are still beached at Ounalaska, and cannot be removed without ci)risi(ieial)ie expense. The skins taken on these ves. -Is were sent to San l''rancise(, by a steamer belongiii!: to the Alaska Commercial Company. Mr. Drake snys be cannot find that there was any aiitiiority given by the United States' Government for seizures made last year, but tliat they seem to have l)een made at the instance and in the interests of the Conunereial Company. No. (i.'J. Note from I'liileil Sliiirs' Minisln- nl Slorlchnlm to Swedish (lovi-rnnieiil. — {Communlviiti'd Inj M. d'Adclborg, October 10, 1887.) THE Government of the United States recognizes the necessity of taking steps for the better protection of the fur-seal fisheries in llehring's Strait. The indiscriminate and unregulated killing of these v.ihiable animals lias of late years greatly reduced their number, and threatens in a comparatively short time to all but extiuguish them. 99 The importance of respective Governments entering into an arrangement which shall hBve for its purpose the regulation of seal-huntinfT and to the present indiscriminate slaughter of seals, is so apparent that it needs no elahoraticn. To this end I am directed to invite the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway to pnter into such an arrangement with the Government of the United States as will prevent the citizens of either country from killing seal in Behring's Sea in such times and places and by such methods as at present are pursued. The Governments of Germany, Great Britain, Russia, France, and Japan, have like- wise been invited to co-operate to this end. No, 66. The Marquis of Salisbury to M. d'Adelborg. THE Marquis of Salisbury has had the honour to receive the copy of a communica- tion addressed to the Swedisii Government by the United States' Minister at S'nckholm which Count Adelborg has been good enough to leave at the Foreign Office. Her Majesty's Government have not received any similar communication from the Government of the United States regarding the protection of the fur-senl fisheries in Behring's Sea. Lord Salisbury would, however, be glad to know whether the invitation to enter into an arrangement on the subject will be accepted by the Swedish Government. Foreign Office, October 11, 1687. No. 67. Foreign Office to Baron Plessen. SHI J. PAUNCEFOTE has the honour to inform Baron Plcssen, with reference to his inquiry of the 5th instant, that no proposal has been made to Her Majesty's Govern- ment by the Government of the United States lor an International Convention for the protection of seals in Behring's Sea. The Marquis of Salisbury would be glad to be informed of the decision which may be adopted in the matter by the German Govern- ment. Foreign Office, October 1 1, 1887. No. 68. Admiralty to Foreign Office. — {Received October 14.) Sir, Admiralty, October V,i, 1887. WITH reference to previous correspondence respecting the seizure of sealing schooners, I am commanded by my Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty to transmit, for the information of the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, copy of a letter from the Commander-in-chief on the Pacific Station dated the 2;}rd September, forwarding an extract from the "Victoria Daily Times" of Monday, the 19th September, 1887, contain- ing a demurrer handed in at Sitka by Mr. M. W, T, Drake, Q.C., who was sent to Sitka by the Dominion Government of Canada. I am to request that the newspaper extracts may be forwarded to the Colonial Office for the perusal of Secretary Sir Henry Holland, with a request that they may be returned to the Admiralty when done with. I am, &c. (Signed) EVAN MACGREGOR. Inclosure I in No, 68. Rear-Admiral Seymour to Admiralty. Sir, " Triumph," at Eaquimalt, September 23, 1887. REFERRING to the capture of sealing schoonei-s by the American (jovernment, I have the honour to forward n copy of a demurrer handed in at Sitka by Mr, M. W. T, Drake, Q,C., of Victoria, who was sent to Sitka by the Dominion Government of Canada. [128] () •-' 100 2. It wwuld mtytatr by t,nT. tdcy were to be rcleaseti. a. \\ ill) Kgard i/> Hit; rfiwtls fcized this year, the crews have been released and one, of tin; i^cho'ineri. 1«4« itfjut di»rt(-.red by the authorities at Sitka to proceed to Ounalaska and i)riiig the tkiu* tnlit^t tmi of the schooners seized this year and landed at the latter place, to Sitka, Thro!)!ibly take place at Sitka about this time. I have, &c. (Signed) M. CUI.ME SEYMOUR. •SH Inft!o«urc 2 in No 08, V.xlriifl fr*m thf ♦' Vklorin Dtiihj Times" nf September 19, 1887. AT present tin? ktiixurc. of the Victoiia (icaMiuiiting schooners with their officers, crc-w, and hunter* U iU', t4ii>u; ui tlic hour in this city. Mr. Drake's demurrer, the full text of which ii» litti^itU gjir(;r», will lie read with especial interest : — " /hi>^/ of Mr. M. W. T. Drake, Q.C. "(ViU'A hit behalf of the officers of the British sealers.) " United StaUns' (Unitt, Oi»fri/4 of Ala<«lt of fbfr lUmurrcr (,led herein the 30th August, 1887, on behalf of the miiht<-rh hiuI ovmn-tt itf the. British schooners ' Anna Ikck,' ' Dolphin,' 'Grace,' and ' W. r. .'^ayv.arrf,' w'i/<-'J (,y t(.«; United State?-' cutter for an alleged infraction of an Act of the United i-lnU^; Cmvrf^-^ Vo. 120, bdnn- nn Act to prevent' the extermination of fur- hearing animaU in Aln>>hH, 'J'he Act i^ directly ngainst killing seals in the waters adjacent to the i^kndn of Hi, t»Hu\ i,iu\ St. (Icorge and docs not refer to any other waters in Ik'lniiig'is ^-u, hoi nu M'ttiUi'^ fo .section iOS'i of the Hevised Statutes, the language used is >.o:)iewlrat difler< (.», j^rohil/iting the killing of fur-liearing animals witiiin the limits of Aliihl.a 'IViritory <.r tiw. WHh.tf^ thereof. Tjic fir-t <|ucsiinn tlien to be decided is what is meant by 'the vmUt, jUnnoi,' If IIk; flerciidtints are bound by the Treaty between the United i-tai< i. and |{<<»jfc, mli.tu; Alaska to the United States, tlien it appears that Russia in 182L' claiuK-d uU>/4hH'. lifts«erl in these waters r In otiier words, the mere assertion of a riiiiit cotitraiy ( niitioos can eonler on the ur.aiteeri no rights in excess of those recogni/zi'd Uy Utv lun of iiiU.'iwj^ \[.-. priiien^ions ol Russia to a jurisdiction over tiie wal' IK o( l'.rltnuit\ Hm U,f tr di.«ta!iee of hlO miles from the eoa.t (lor this was the extent ol liuh'.v.i' ., i:litUu iu yj'J, '„> the followiii:; ( xpres.-ive laiii;iiagc : 'Tiie existence of terri- torial riejilbto i!«' o»>J!,:^.-<:rm comnionlv called the Pacific Ocean or" South Sea, the resj)ective fdizend, koiyj^rt't* of the High Conti'aeting Powers, should be neither disturbed m or restrained either in navigation or in fishing or in the power of resorting to tlis coatt* u|i()ii points which mi^ht not then have been ahcady occupied for the purpose of trading; wiih the natives, savini; always the restrictions and conditions contained in certain Articles attached to the Treaty referring to illicit trade with the Indians.' " A Treaty with Russia, " The CJovcrniiicnt of Great Britain, on the 28th February, 1825, also entered int^> a Treaty with Riihsia in consequence of the same extravagant pretensions of Russia, which Treaty contairit; the (bliowing |)rovi,sioiis : ' It is agreed that the i-espective subjects of the Fli'^h (.'on trading Parties shall not be troubled or molested in any part of the ocean CDiiiiiioiily callcfl the Pacific Ocean, either in navigating the same, in fishing therein, or in laiidifi'^ at siicli parts of the coa»t as siiall not have been already occupied in older to trade uilli the natives under t'.ie restrictions and conditions specified in the then following Articles.' These restrictions are not dissimlar from those attached to the Treaty with the United Mates. In order to ascertain what were the ])i'ctensions of Russia which led to tliese Treaties it is necessary to refer to the Edict of the Autocrat of all the Russiag, IJy Seeiion 1 it i'h enacted: 'That the pursuits of commerce, whaling, and fishing, and all otlier industries on all islands, ports, ar.d gulfs, including the whole of the north-weiit (•o;iKt of America, lieginning from Ik-hriiig's Straits to 51° of north latitude, also from tin; Aleiiliaii Ihlaiidn to tin; (rasterii roast of Siberia, as well as along the Kurile Islands from Hiliriiig's Straits to the south Capo of the Island of Uruck, namely, ih" 50' nortlitru la'.itiidc is exclusively granted to Russian subjects.' " Russia s Claims. " Section 2. — ' It is therefore prohibited to all foreign vessels not only to land on the (•oasts and islands belonging to Russia, but also to approach them within le^s than 100 Italian miles. Tin; trangressov's vessel is subject to confiscation along with tin; whoUj eaigo.' Tims it appears that Russia claimed 100 miles from the coast of all the islandt* an well as the mainland of Bcluing's Sea and south to 45° 50'. It was this claim that led to the iiidigiiaiit, remoiistran(;e of the United States and Great Britain, and to the Treatieu before relerred to, and shows that Bcluing's Sea was included in the term Pacilie Ocean, Tin; pretensions of Piissia were never revived, and the citizens of Great Britain as well ax the United States harl free access at all times to these waters in navigating and fikihing uithoiit any restriction. And Russia's claim was never revived until she purported to cede to the United Slates a portion of Behring's Sea. Russia could not sell what she did not own, and the United States could not claim that which it was not in the power of Russia to sell. The; Treaty with England has never been abrogated, and was in force wh«*n the cession to the United States took place, and ther^' was no need to protest against the extravagant pretensions of Russia in purporting to dispose of the high seas, as niitii last year no attempt had hcen made to enforce such a claim. " Authorities quoted. am '■ Tlie Uniti;rl States have always been tlie strongest upholders of the law of u. lions, i on this hci'.'l Kent's ('onim(;ntaries, p. 28 ; 'The open sea is not capable of being |)()s,-(;.-si;d as private properly; the tree use of the ocean for navigation and iisliing w eouniion t(j all mankind, and the public juritis generally and '-.xplieitly deny tiiat the iiiain ocean can ever be approj)riat(;(l.' lie also refers to the claim ui Russia, ani the liiiiled States, htcrretan/ l^cirard'f! 1 icws. W liailon aL'ain states (hat 'a vessel on the hi'di seas bevond the distance of iiiariiu' Ica.'ue Irom the shore is regarded as jiart of the territory of the nation to which she belongs;' and .Mr, Seward, in a letter to .Mr, Tasjara, IGth December, 1802, tersely states the principle as follows : ' There are two principles hearing on the subject whk^ 4W»^ universally admitted: (I) that the sea is open to uU nations: and (2) that tkkt^it- ^ a portion of the sea adjacent to every nation over which the sovereignty of tUrt AWffitMV extends, to the exclusion of every other political authority. A third principle IwiM'iiM^ istv the subject is that the exclusive sovereignty of a nation abridging the univen>ai liUwt^is^ the seas extends no further than the power of the nation to maintain it by force i*li«qkvrt*»)f on the coast extends.' '" Terra; dominium • vis.' (The soveroigutj, \^ f»iA# coast ends where the power to control it by force of arms terminates.) It thu* «^j^h«<* that by the comity of nations, sanctioned and approved by American jurists, that tinv |\ti^ seas are open to all ; that the territorial authority only extends to a marine leajf ut,. ah;, >iit all events, not further than a force on shore can protect the coasts. " Snvereignty claimed by >he United Statex. " It also appears that the United States, in claiming sovereignly over the JitiUit^rt^V Sea, is claiming something beyond the well recognized law of nations, and baseb b«f lill^^ upon the pretensions of Kussia, which was successfully repudiated by boili (jieat ilii«ti party to it, and therefore was not bound by its terms. " It is therefore contended that the proceedings taken against the present UtitovHltt^f?* are ultra vires and without jurisdiction. But in order to press the matter furtUiM', it iM^y be necessary to discuss the act itself under which tiic alleged jurisdiction is assumei: ,vf ^ country. This language, then, does not apply to these defendants, who were :>V iWiili** from the nearest coast. In section 1956 the language is, ' the waters of Alaska' IflUi* must also be construed by the universal law as applying to the territorial limit only. ,J^,\^ in a letter from Mr. Evarts to Mr. Foster, in April 1879, refer.-inir to a case w ^H'lWi' certain American merchant-vessels were seized by the Mexican authorities for ad ^«JWitH) breach of the Revenue Laws, although distant more than 3 miles from shore, it wati^ml^i^ be an international offence, and was not cured by a Decr«e in favour of the asbuiUvfW' iW the Mexican Court. "So here it is submitted that a Decree of your Honour's Court will not gi>(«.jtMy validity to the seizures here made, and the defendants, in tiling their deuiui:*it4i' ,i^ submitting this argument, do not thereby waive their rights or submit to the jurisdiyfiivrt' iM' the Court." No. 69. Sir L. Weal to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Substniicc telegraphed, October iif.j| My Lord, Washington, October M, lUi^, WITH refcrenct! to the note from the Secretary of State, copy of wUUlb \v»^ inclosed in my dcspatcli of the 12th instant,* I have the honour to ijiclohv ty ^,vw( Lordship herewith copy of a further reply to my note of the 28th ultimo, ex.^a«iirt«^ regret that misconception of the intentions and orders of the I'roeident for tlie riailtftui^ of the sealers "Onward," "Carolina," and "Thornton" should have duUiju^l (ftit4i(t prompt execution, and stating that rcntnved orders have been forwarded. I have communicated copy of this note to th(! Marquis of Jjansdowue, ^iUe >ttv^U- stancc of which I telegraphed to your Lordship this day. I have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVlLLJi Wtiit$f.. i im: Sfc No. 73. 103 Inclosure in N'>, tHi, Mr. Bayard to Sir L H'*xt, Sir, DepurtttieiU of HUUt^, it'tt^himjlwt, Ortoher 13, 1887. CONTINUING my roply to your noUt , in(|iiirin!; the reason for the delay iu coraplyius^ witli tlie ovdi-r jt*u«<)l ht ^fihtmry liist for the nilease of Britisli vessels seized last year in Kehrinf^V tv'a, i l>^i^ U-ft^t- ft, inform you that I have this day received a communicatiou froJJi my ffAU-ftvrif the Attorney-CJcneral, intV>rming me that his telegram to the L'uil^xJ 1H(t$t»* Marshal at Sitka of the 2fitli January last, orderinj^ the rcieawi >A «J*< tifft\->h srtiooiicrs "Onward," "Carolina," and "Thornton," o\viu{» to b^nnn niih'''^tf-:^fii(',t,rt anrl rriistiiiie on the part of the official to whom it had been acldicsM^d luui tuA tt^^t fK-f(<] iijK)n. A renewed order has pone forward ior t\it >>« my irnjtressioii that no hindrance to their repossession by tlie owners of tW ^ti^tt'U ri?imf <.'ivc you tiie fullest information within my powc-r iu r^'ht.it>ft U* fti\ transactions touched in our correspondence, I hasten to cominuuicat/' tli<' M(<«*fr ttyart mride to mo from ilie Department of Justice. I take leave also to ex ess my n-i^ret tliat i>uf tm*<-'>yifo^>l\<,n of the intimtions and orders of the President sliould have delay«/tnti»tf j^ttfct, Orlolipr 17, 18S7. [ AM directed by Secretary Sir 11, Ifollaud U^ ir^tMtf/tt. to y<>\t, to be laid before tlie Marquis of Salisl)ury, copy of a desj) itrb fr>/nt i'i-ft^ f/c,xrfrnor-(ff'iicrfil of (/anada, dated the 20tli September, with its iriclosures, r^'^^fi1"i^f(«i, fr,Y ihc cf)nsideratioM of I/n-d Siiiisbiiry, wiicther it would not he (h^sira! '■> i<> h'HrfUff- ^f f,. West, unless he has .ilready doiu- so, formally to protest ativiiiist the /r/ht ft*y the I'nited States of seiziiiu: vessels for catchinii; seals lieyond 1 he U'ytJiofyA wafers of Alaska. I am to add Sir II. Ilolland make- tliis su^j^x'.-jiii.'/^c. ..v \h\ I'.ayard is reported in tlic newsi)ai)ers to have stated that no pi'oiist a^t-viiiiM fltwir riu'hl to seize had been made, and to have assumed, therefore, tliat Jlt. '*h The Mar(iitls nf Liinsdiiinn- tij htt ff. fhdinnd. Sir, i'.iUtttfl, Qft&hff. Sfipfrmhi'r 2(). 1>^S7. •'"> ' — "-''<■*"■" .,„.„,,.., ..,,,. .w,. IN continuation of my despatch oi the 27lh A>ti(H*i (*fKi in reference to pnsvious eorrespondencc, 1 have the honour to incioM- ij">< »iinJ,i ?ii ccvjiy of an appro\-ed .Minute of the Privy Council of Canada, (loveriny; e/)\>\*')i >4' ft ti(^-^y(>ri of my Minister of .Marine anil I'isheries relatint^ to thi' seizme ajid «!Li>-Hv4 %Wss<■^^ii.<■^< f4 my fJf>vernmenl lu.ili-r tlif circumstances described in the Declaration of OajAadw i^ttt, of th(^ " Alfred A (lai.is. 104 has been forwarded, together witli copies of the papers, to Her Majesty's Minister at Washington. 3. The circumstances under which the "Adams" was seized do not differ materially from those attending previous seizures in the same waters. I have already laid before you the nasons whicli haA^c led my Government to })rotcst against the assumption that the Statutes under whicdi other seizures, and I presume this also, have been made, Statutes governing the conduct of persons fishing within " the territory of Alaska " or " in the waters tlH;reof " {vide United States' Revised Statutes, 1955, 1956), are applicable to the whole of the waters of the Behring's Sea, and in eases where, as in those undy advist; IJiat your Uxeelleney be moved to transiiiil a copy of this .Minute and tli(! annc^xed papers to the Uiglit lloiKiiiraldc the Sccri'tary of Slal(! i'or the Colonies. .VII wlii"li is ,s''binit1cd for vour Kxeellencv's approval. (Signed) " .10 UN .T. MrGEK. CIrrk, Priri/ Council, Canada. Inclosure .'{ in >«o. 7<». Ueport of the Minister of Marine and Fisheries. W'i'i'll ri't'r'i ciwc to previous corri'sp')n(leiice CDnccriiiiii;' (lie seizure and detention of Ciiniidi'm sealinii-vesseN by the I'liited Slates' nulhorities in Behring s Hen, the Minister uf Miiriin' anil l'i>.|ieri('i Iiegs to snbinil.for the eonsidenition of his I'lvcelleney the (iiivenioi'-tieneral in (Council, thr- Ibllowing p'.ipers ; — 105 by his iniuhi. i<(cn1i()ii Sen, lilt' (•('Honey (•apt {«.) A Icti^r from Collector Ilamlt-y, of Victoria, British Columbia, dated tlic 1st Si'])tcid and unopened letter directed to the United States' District Attorney and United States' Marshal, Sitka, Alaska. {(•) A letter from Collector llaraley, of Victoria, British Columbi: , dated the 2(itli July, relating to the det(mtion of the Canadian schooners "Onward," "Carolina," and " Thornton," seized in August 1886, by the United States' cutter "Corwin," in iJchring's Sea. (/.) Copy of a telegram and order purporting to he from the United St^at/'s' Attnrney-ficncral and Judge Dawson respectively, relating to the releast; of the above- named vessels; and ((/.) A h;tter dated the 3rd September, 1887, from the law firm rif Drake, Jackson, and llelmcken, of Victoria, containing additional information relating to ihr; same. From the above-mentioned papers, it appears that on the 0th August, 1HH7, the Canadian scliooner "Alfred Adams," whilst engaged in catching seals in tin; ojx'n sea, more than 50 miles distant from the nearest laud, was forcibly seized by an armed vessel of the United States, her ship's papers taken, lier cargo of seal-skins, l,!Jhfi in n\miber, tog(!ther with all her arms, ammunition, and fishing implements transferred to the United States' cutter, and her captain ordered to jjruceed with si-ahnl orders to Sitka, and to deliver himsilf, his vessel, and men into the hands of the United States' Marshal at that place. This treatment of the "Alfred Adams" whilst peaceably pursuing her lawful calling on the high seas is but a repetition of the unjustifiable seizures of Canadian vessels made by the United States' authorities in Behring's Sea, and which have been dealt with at length in pnivious Reports to Council. 'I'Ik! .Minister, therefon;, do(!s not consider it necessary in this instance t/) traverse the groiuid already so fully covered, and recommends that a copy of this I'eport with tlic papers attached he forwarded to llcr Majesty's Government for their earnest and innn('diat(! consideration, and that a cojiy thereof be sent to the British .Minister at Washington, together with the sealed letter given by Captain Sliepard to IIm; master of the "Adams," Avith the i^e'jiiust that it be forwarded to Mr. Seeretaiy IJayard. With rcjference to the attached papers (p), (/), and (y), the ifinisler observer that from the first {r) it appears that in<[uiries made by tli(> Collector of Customs nt Victoria, British Columbia, in July last, resulted in his obtaining the information that Judge Dawson had up t(j lliat date received no orders for tlie release? of the ranadian sealins^-vesscls seized in 18S(), that the vessiils had not been sold, and remained still under sriizure, and that .ludge Dawson, wh<>n (|uestioned as l(» tiM! report that a telejjjnim had been sent to him by tin; Attorney-CJeueral of Hit? I'nited States, (iidering the release of the vessels, had rt>plied that be had heard t)f this report before, lint that nothing of the kind had reacheil either himself or the United Statics' .Marshal at Sitka. The paper marked (/) purports to bo a copy of a telegram, dated tin? 2(itli .laniiary, 1^H7, from tht< Unitt>d Statt>s' Attorney-fJeueral (iarland to Judfe Dawson, ordering him to release tht> vessels seizetl in August preceding, and of an order founded tlieieon from Jud^'c Dawson to the United States' .Marshal at Sitka, litanng date the lUth Ftdiruary, 1HS7, tlireeting him to " relouse the 'Carolina,' 'Onward,' 'Thornton,' and ' San Diegti,' together with all tin ir tackle, apparel, skins, K'nns, aniinunilion, small boats, ami everything jiertaining to saitl vessels." Tilt? third paper, markeil (j/), is a etipy of a letter from Mie law firm of Drake, •Inekson, and llelmeken, of Vieitn^ia, British Columbia, to the Minister of Justice, inlorni'iig him that they are advised that a telegram was received by .Judge Dawson Irom the I'nited Stales' Attorney-Ceneral, tirth'ring the release of tin; vessels above I'cj'erred to; that JuiIkc Dawson did issue an order accevdingly, but that he afterwards I'cseinded the order on the assumption that tht* telegram was a forgery, and that siriee " no ollieial letters ol' a?iy sort, either confirming the telegram or respecting tlit! affair, 1ms been received at Silkii." The Miuivter ohservcH that, if the intormation conveyed in the libove-mentioned \\2H] V wfm 106 papers is correct, of which there appears no reasonable doubt, it reveals a state of affairs by no means satisfactory. On the 3rd February, 1887, Mr. Secretary Bayard informed the British Minister nt Washington that " orders have been issued by the President's dir 'ction for tlic discontinuance of all j)ending proceedings, the discharge of tlie vessels rct.irrcd to, and the release of all persons under arrest in conuection therewith." A telegram in accordance with Mr. Bujard's communication appears to have been sent to Alaska, and an order 1)ased thereon to have been issued i)y the District Judge, but to have been afterwards rescinded, and no further action has been taken up to date of latest information. Meanwhile, tlie vessels remain under seizure, the seal-skins are forfeited, and the pro])erty of Canadian citizens forcibly withheld from them under circumstances Mhieh involve very great loss and damage. The Minister further observes that, witli a view of guiding the action of Canadian citizens interested in sealing in tlio northern seas, rep(>ated attempts were made previous to tlie commencement of the presuiit, seasoii to obtain an olTicial expre>sion from the United States' Government of the policy they proposed to pursue in th(!ir treatment of foreign vessels s-aling in Behring's Sea, but tluit these efforts proved altogether unavailing. From Mr. i3ayard's communication of the 3rd February, lbH7, above referred to, the fair inference, however, was to be drawn that, until the question in dispute between the two Governments as to the legality of the previous scuzures Iiad been finally disposed of, no further seizures would be made ; and there is no doubt that on the strength of this communication, and in the absence of any explicit statement of policy to the contrary, Canadian citizens did, in the beginning of tlie present season, embark upon their customary sealing expeditions to Btdiring's Sen, uiuIct the reasonable impresson that they would not be interfered with by the United States' authorities so long as they conducted their operations in the open sea, only, iiowever, to find their vessels seized, their property confiscated, and their ventures completely ruined. It is respectfully subniiticd that this condition of affairs is in the higliest degree detrimental to the inttn'osts of Canada, and sliould not be iiermittcd to eoiitinui!. For nearly two years Caiuulian vess<,'ls have been exposed to arbitrary seizure nnd confisca- tion in the pursuit of a law*'ul occupation upon the bi^ii seas, and Canadian citizens subjected to ini|)risonment and serious financial loss; while an import^mt nnd remunerative Canadian industry has l)'>en threatened witli absolute ruin. Tliis eoursi; of action lias been pursued by the United States' ollicers in ojjposition tn the contention in the past of tb>'ir Government in regard to the watiirs in wliieli tliese scizunis iiavc taken place, in violation >)f the plainest dictates of inter.iational law, and in tlie face of repeated ami vigorous protests of both the Canadian and British (jov(;rnnients, 'riie ^Minister advises that Her Majesty's Governnu'ut be again ask(!d to give its serious and immediate attention to the re|)eated remonstrances of the Canadian Governnu'nt against the unwarrantable action of the United States in respect to Can.: Iian vessels in Behring's Sea, with a view to obtain a sjjeedy recognition of its just rigiii.', and full reparation for the losses sustained by its citizens. The whole respectfully submit ti'd. (Signed) GEOBGli E. FOSTP^R, Minister of Marine and Finherien. Department of Finherlex, Ottawa, September 15, 1887. Inclosurc 4 in No. 70. Mr. Ilamley to the Minister of Marine and Fisheries, Dear Sir, Custom-houKr, Victoria, liritish Columbia ,, July 20, 1887. CAPTAIN CABROLL, nuLster of the American stcanu-r "Olympian," has lii-en taking parties of excursionists to Sitka, and I asked liim to se(> the .ludgc, Mr. l)awson, nnd find out something we could trust respecting the siiized vessels. Dawson told hin\ he had re(M>ived no orders whatev(>r for the release of the vessels; they have not b"cn sold, and remain as they were, under seiziu'o. Captain (,'arroil t(dd Dawson of the telegram dated last .laiuiary, pur|)(n'ting to have Ijchmi sent hy IMr. (larland, Attorney-General at Wnshinglon, in the I'residcMit's name, ordering the Tcbsels to be releused. Dawson said he had heard of it before, and that it must liavo 107 been as he termed it, a "put up thin;*," as nothing of the kind had n'ached either liimself or the United States' Marshal at Sitica. Tlie serious part is that our people, trusting to the stoiy of the order for release, have sent thirteen vessels again this year to the sealing grounds. One has ho 'n seized already, and if the others fall in the way of the Revcnui.' eutters they will probably be seized also. I may perhaps learn something more from the Admiral when he returns from Alaska, and, if so, I will write to you again. Tours, &c. (Signed) W. HAMLEY. Inclosure 5 in No. 70. The Attorney-General, Washington, to Judge Lafayette Dawson and M. D. Ball. (Telegraphic.) Washington, District of Columbia, January 20, 1887. I AM directed by the President to instruct you to discontiiHic any furtlier pro- eeedinirs iu the matter of the seizure of the British vessels "Carolina,' "Onward," and "Thornton," and discharge all vessels now h«dd under such seizure, anu release all persons that may be under arrest in connection tluircwith. Inclosure in No. 70. Mr. Dawson to Mr. Atkins. To Barton Atkins, United States' Marshal for the District of Alaska, YOU are hereby directed to release the vessels "Carolina," "Onward,' "Tlioriiton," and "San Diego," which were seized in Ueliring's Sea for violation of section l'.)50, United States' Statutes, tog(>ther with tlieir tackle, apparel, skins,* guns, iininiunition, small boats, and everything pertaining to said vessels, this lOtli day of i'ebruary, 1887. (Signed) LAFAYETTE DAWSON, Distrin Judge, District of Alaska. Inclosure 7 in No. 70. Mr. Hamley to the Minister of Marine and Fisheries. Sir, Custom-house, Victoria, Seplemher 1, 1H87. ON the 7th August the master of the United States' Hevenue cutter " Husli " seized iu Jk'hring's Sen, GO miles from any land, the Cenadian schooner "Allied Adiims," her register, clearance, guns, and aminnnitiiin, and the seal-skins she bad t.'iken (l.UHO) were all taken i'unn li< i, :i;i:! the \'essel bersell' ordered to Sitka. Mo one Ironi i\w llevenue cutter was put mi board by Captain Slie|)ard, and the master of the "Allied Adams," instead of going, as he was desired, to Sitka, ri'tunied to Victoria, iirriving here the Mist August, I forward the master's depositions Ixd'ore a notary jiublir?, and what Captain Siie|)ard is pleased to term a eertilieat Court. 'I'lii* trial was dtdayed tor the arrival of the " |{usb," and she was expectt-d about tlio liegim ing of this month. Mr. Drake will no doubt i'e]ioi't direct to the Minister of -lust ice. I have, &e. (Signed) \V. IIAMLUY, I'.S, — T inclose also n sealed letter addressed hy Captain Sliepnrd to Iho District .Attorney and United States' Marshal at Sitka, which the master of t'u^ "AHVed Adimis" brought down with hiiii, and wbii-li yon can deal with in any way you think nt. W. 11. [I'iS] * I'lriiio iiutv ikina.— C, A. M. P 2 108 „ . • ... Inclosure 8 in No. 70. Captain Shepard to the District Attorney and United Staten' Mamhal at Sitka. United Stales' Revenue steamer " Rush" Behring's Sea, To whom it may concern, August 0, 1887. TUIS will certify that I have this day seized the British schooner "Alfred Adams," of Victoria, British Columhia, Captain W. U. Dyer, master, for violation of law, and have taken charge of his ship's papers, viz., rej^ister, shipping articles, clearance, bill of health, and log hook ; also her arms and seal-skins. Very respectfuUv, (Signed) L. G. SHEPARD, Captain, United Stales' Revenue Marine. Inclosure 9 in No. 70. Declaration. In the Matter of the seizure of the Scaling- schooner " Alfred Adams " by the United Statos' llevenue cutter " llichard Rush." I, WILLIAM HENRY DYER, of Victoria, British Columbia, master mariner, do solemnly and sincerely declare that — 1. I am tlie master of the schooner "Alfred Adams," of the port of Victoria, British Columbia, engaged in the business of catching seals. On the Gth August, 18o7, whil(! on board the said schooiKU-, and in command of tlu; same, being in latitude ob" 18' north and longituck- 107° 1'.)' west tiie United States' Revenue cutti^r " Richard Rush " steamed alongside, lowert^d a boat command(!d by the Eirst, Lieutenant and boat's crew. Tiie sjiid Lieutenant came on board the said " Alfred Adams" and ordered me to tak(! the ship's registci', log-book, articles, and all others of the ship's ])apers on board the " Richard Rush." In obedience to his command, I took all said papers and aeeomi)anied the said LitMitenant on board the " Rieliaid Rush." When I arrived on board the " Rush," the Captain of the " Hush " asked nic what was my busiiK'ss in th(> Beliring's Sea; I replied takim; seals, lie iufpiired how many skins I had; I rei»li(d ],i{h(). He then said he would seize the ship, take the skins, arms, ammunition, and s])ears. I stat(Ml I did not think tla^ ship was liable! to stMznre, as we had never taken a seal within 00 miles of Ounalaska. nor nearer St. Paul's than 00 miles soutii of it, and that we had never been notified that tl;e waters were prohibited, unless landing and taking them from the Island of St. Paul's. He stated he must obey the orders of his Goverument, and that our Government iind his must settle the matter, and ordered me to ])roeeed on board the said sebooiier and deliver up my arms, anununition, an ■♦e of that vessel that the crews (and particularly the Indians) taken to Sitka on 8cho'.;iers previously seized had been very badiv treated. The Indians becanu' very luut nous on learning that we were to jii-oceed to Sitka and I'cport to the United States' authorities ; they declared they would not go to Sitka and, to avoid trouble, I came to Victoria, instead of going to Sitka. 1 arrived in Victoria on the 3l8t August, 1887, at about 7 r.u. 169 And I make this solomn Declaration, conscientiously believini^ the sane to be true, and by virtue of the Oatlis Ordinance, 1869. (Signed) W. H. DYER. Declared before me this 1st day of September, a.u. 1887, at Victoria, British Columbia. (Signed) II. Dallas Helmcken. A Notary Public in nndfor the Province of British Columbia. (L-S.) Inclosure 10 in No. 70. Messrs. Drake, Jachson, and Helmchen to the Minister of Justice, Ottawa. Sir, Virloria, British Columbia, September S, 1887. WE have the honour to inform you that we are in receipt of a letter from our ifr. Di-ake, written from Sitka, under date the 28th August, in which he states tluit a tf'lei^ram was received at Sitka relative to the schooners seized last yea*- from the United States' Attorney-General Garland, directing their release and discharge of tlic men. The Judge gave an Order accordingly, which was afterwards rescinded, on the assumption that the telegram was a forgery. No official letter of any sort, either cdiirtrming the telegram or respecting the affair, has been received at Sitka. The sciiootiers now seized and at Sitka are the " Anna Beck," " W. P. Say ward," " Dolphin," and " Grace." The "Alfred Adams" was also seized. The trial of the present men, Mr. Drake states, would not take place until after the arrival of the Revenue cutter "Rush ;" also that, judging from the past and the views held by the Coiu't, the result would most prol)al)ly bo the same, and urges that immediate steps stiould be taken to prevent the imprisonment of the masters, and that he would obtain (Iciiiirations from the masters duly certified, and enter a protest at the trial. Tlie " Hush " was not expected at Sitka until yesterday. Regarding the seizure of the " Alfred Adams," we have to state that the sehooutir liiis arrived here safely. The declarations of her captain, Captain Dyer, and his men liiive been duly taken, which her owners, Messrs. Guttman and Frank, of this city, yi'stcnlay handed to lloiwurable Mr. Stanley, Collector of Customs, together \^ itii a sealed letter, M'bieb the commander of the " Rush " handed to Captain Dyer, to be (lelivered to the District Attorney at Sitka. These papers no doubt Mr. Stanley has already forwarded to the proper Department. W(! have since forwarded a copy of this information to the Right Honourable Sir ■lolm A. Macdonald, K.CB., &e. We have, &c. (Signed) DRAKE, JACKSON, anu HELMCKEN.. Inelusure 11 in No. 70. Mr. Burbiilye to the Deputy Minister of Fisheries, Ottawa, Sir, Department of Justice, Ottawa, Svptnnher 1:J, 1887. 1 IlAVri the honour to inclose, for your information, a copy of a lett<'r which lias li(>eii received by the Minister of Justice fnnn Messrs. Drake, Jackson, and Helmekeii, in which they report with ret'erencu! to the sealing vessels whieli have been seized in tile lleliring's Sen by the United States' authorities. I am to state tliat the Minister of Justice has taken no action with respect to this coiiiniuniealion, but that lie is of opinion that tln^ Minister of ilarine and Fisheries sliDuld, at his (earliest e()nv<'iii(>nce, take steps to eonimiinicato the substunco thereof te tlie Colonial Olliec and to the British Minister at Washington. I have, »&c. (Signed) GEO. W. BURBIDGE, Deputy Minister of Junlice, no No. 71. The Marquis of Salisbury to Sir L. West. — {Substfince telrr/raphed.) Sir, Foreign Office, October 10, 1887. INFORMATION has reached Her Majesty's Ciovernnient from the Government of Canada that a further seizure has been made of a Canadian vessel, the " Alfred Adams," by the United States' Revenue-cutter " Rush," wiien engaged in seal-fis^hing in Behring's Sea in latitude 54° 48' north, and longitude 167° 49' west, more than 5U miles distant Irom the nearest land. I have to request that you will forthwith address a protest to the Government of the I'nitcd States against this seizure, and against the continuance of similar proceedings on the high seas by the authorities of the United States. I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. No. 72. Foreign Office to Colonial Office, Sir, Foreign Office, October 20 r87. I AM directed bj the Marquis of Salisbury to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 17th instant inclosing copies of a correspondence received from the Governor- General of Canada relative to the seizures by the authorities of the United States of certain British vessels when engaged in seal-fishing in Behring's Sea. With reference to the latest case reported, that of the Canadian schooner "Alfred Adams," I am to request that you will inform Sir H. Holland that a telegrau) has been sent to Her Majesty's Minister at Washington directing him to make a protest to the United States Government against the seizure of that vessel, and the continuance on the high seas of similar proceedings by the authorities of the United States. With regard to the report that it liad been stated by Mr. Bayaid that no protest hud been made against the right of those authorities to make the seizures, and that it had lieen therefore assumed that Her Majesty's Govi'rnment did not really dispute the right, I ain to remind you that Sir L. West, acting on the instructions which were given to him bv the late Karl of Iddesleigh on the 20th October, 1886, addressed a note to the United States' Secretary of State protesting, iu the name of Her .Majesty's Government, against the seizure of the three Columbian schooners "Thornton," "Onward," and "Carolina" hy the United States' Revenue cruizer "Corwin." 1 am further to point out that the directions given to Sir L. West in regard to subse- quent seizures of other British vessels in Behring's Sea during the present fishing season, which were embodied in Lord Salisbury's despatches of the lOtli and 27l\\ ultimo, amount to a protest against the assumption by the United States' Govermneiit of thtir right to seize British vessels on the high seas in those waters. I am to recjuest that in laying this letter belbre Sir IL Holland you will tdovc him to asccTtain by telegraph whether the Report of Mr. Foster (the Canadian Minister of Marine and Fisheries) of the 15th ultimo has been co nmunicated hy I^)rd L.insdowne, wilii the papers attached, to Her Majesty's Minister at Washington, as suggested in the Report. On learning that this has been done Lord Salisbury pruposcH to authorize Sir ]j. West to give u copy of them to Mr. Bayard. I am, &c. (Signed) JULIAN PAUNCEFOTE. No. 73. Sir L. West to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {lieceivcd October 24.) My Tiord, Wnstiinglnn, October 12, 1887. IN accordnncc! Avilh tho instrucfions contained in your Lordship's telegram of (he 27th ullimo, I addressed a note to the Secrelai'y of State, cojiy of wliitih 1 had the honour to inclose to your Lordship in my despalch of the 2H||i ultimo, iii(|uirinf; tiic reason why I lie vessels referred to in his noto of the Urd i'"cbriiury last had not been released, and 1 now inclose copy of the reply which 1 have retieivud thereto. 1 liuvo, &c. (SiKucu) L. 8. SACKVILLE WEST. Ill IncloKurc in No. 73. Mr. liuyurd to Sir L, Wtat. Sir, Depnrtmenl of Hltitp, Washington, October 11, 1887. I HAVE the honour to acknowlcrl^tf yr»ur notn of the 28th ultimo, statini^ that Ilcr Majesty's Governmimt had Iwcn officially informed that the British vessels relVrrcd to in my note to you of tho '.Uil Fobniary last had not been released, and askiiii; the reason for the delay in wjuijtlyin^' with the orders of the Executive in that regard. Upon receiving your note I at onee wrote my colleague the Attorney-'jeneral, as flio Head of the Department of Justice, in ord(!r that I might be enabled to reply satisfactorily to your inquiry. I am Ktiil without an answer from him, which, when received, sliall be promptly eommunic-atcrl to yon. In the meantime, in acknowhf^lt'irig your note, I take occasion to state my impression — that if the three vesscds seized, and ordered to he released, have not be(>n repossessed hy their ownc^rs, it is not bcrraiise of any hindrance on the part of any oflieial of this Government, or failiiic to obey the order for release, but probably beeause of tlie remoteness of tho locality (Sitka) wh(;re they were taken after arrest for :k1 judication, and tlie proceinlingH linving been in rem, the o^vncrs have not seen proper to proceed to Alaska and re[M>i«H<*»tK tlicms<;lv(!S of the property in question. I have, &c. (Signed) T. F. BAYARD. No. 74. Sir L, West to the Marquin of Halinhury. — {Received October 24.) My Lord, Washington, October 12, 1887. "WITEI reference to your liordshipV despatch of the loth ultimo, respecting the judicial proceedings in t!>e cases of the wdiooners "Carolina," "Onward,"' and "Tliorntoii," I have the honour to state that, from what I can ascertain, the notice (if appeal in these cases in still lying in the Hitka Court, for there is no Court tn which under the Act of Conifn.'sH the injured parties could appeal, and as in the case of the American vessel " Sau Diugo," no further stcjjs can be taken in the matter. 1 have, &e. (Higne.1) L. S. SACKVILLE WEST. No, 75. Sir L, West to the MimiutM of Hulitbury. — {Received October 24.) My Lord, Washington, October 12, 1887. IN acicordance with the instruiitions eoiit,'iinr nations, a particular sea being manifestly designed by nature for the use of the [128] Q 114 countrios and rmtlofm that iiirroiind it. (Vattcl's 'Liu of Xations,' i)i). 129 andKJO.) "Chanwllor K/ttt, in 1H2f!, brforc the doctrine as to tlie marine leamic limit was as finnly i-wlaUMtt'il »* it now is, says : — " ' It JH li'iifuuiH Ut Arnvf nny |)icfise or dotrmnined oonclusion amid the variety of opinion** a* Ut th« drttoriwr a Mlatf may lawfully oxtcMid its oxclusivc dominion over tlio t>oa« ntl'y/iuiui/; it* UtniUirif^ and beyond those portions of flu; soa which are emhrawMi jjy ImriMmrn, i^iiUn, hayM, and estuaries, and over which its jurisdiction unqucKtjoiwhIy I'.xU'.fuU.' f Krnt, vol. i, p. 2H.) " Jurmlicllon of aiatfs. " It lliijis apfM«r* »l»at, while in lS2fi the limit of the marine 1)elt was unsettled, the jurit>(lu;ti//n of ;» Ht/itc; f»ver its inland waters was im([uestioned. " ' In tlii- ktr* hi watifmsi hays are ret,'ard(!(l as a part of tlu; t(!rritory of the country wlico tli/fir tMutf^fn'i'mn and eoufii^urations a:'e such as to show shat the nation oceupyi/j^ »!(/; t'/atX nSwt f,cmt\n)n the hiiy as a part ol its territory.' (Manning's 'Law of Nations,' \>. \'ItK) "'An inhiw/l s/tf« nr bbr Jx-lon^s to flie State in which if is territorially situated. As illuKtrat'of))!, ttnty \^; m/mtioned the inland lakes whose entire body is within the Unite*! Hlati«, ;»«>viHf fti* began traders, hunters, and adventurers made their way fi-om island to islau^ <\^\^'vli flifi whole Aleutian chain, and with it the mainland, was discovered, lu ]74:<5, J'd^^ t'fff, and 1749 a Cossack sergeant named Bossof made four consecutive Yoyujfut^fyv^ f^^ mainland of Kamchatka to the Behring and Copper Islands in vessels uf Uih vv»iV(*An. struction. In 1745 a sailor named Ncvidchinof, who had served uuU\i\w(>r passed the succeeding winter at Kodiak, and the latter at Ounalaska. "Twenty-live years succeeding the death of Behring the spirit of <]j,'.<,'.«>itvv> hud planted the Russian ensign along the entire Aleutian chain, from Jiehl■iuK^ ['■t^U'i^d' fo the mainland of the North American continent. " After the Seals. " Possession and occupation followed the footsteps of discovery, and Mi1iill«v*>^Tifs und trading posts Mere established at the more favourable jjoints along ^M: ij^e, Expeditions, stimulated by the large remunerations of the fur traffic, weie (ijvivtfrtttfly fitted out at the ports along the shores of the Sea of Okotsk and the mvuflil) a)* fun Amoor River for voyages of trade and exploi-ation in the new eouiitiy. |l^w^i(Viiatit Elliot, in his Report on the seal islands, published with thr. T«'ii!h Censub of flU*' ll^rtitcd States, estimates that no fewer than twenty-five diilercjit C .lupanieb, \\i\]\\ ,^|(4f4iJrt^tt'iAr'ilt Settlement on the Island of Kodiak in 178 i. Prom this point exploriujf vvij^Hitjfirnii! were sent out, one of which crossed the strait Ijetween Kodiak aud tUe imwii^lrtTKl which hilars ShckclolF's name, and explored the coast of the inaiiilaud at. lur .i^ (<>vokN Inlet, upon the shores of which in 178G a Settlement was estal)lisii(!d. " Another pushed along the coast to Prince William Sound aud (jy^e .•)?(). |t'Jirii'iii<* iHi fllW iimr country that restless spirit whose energies clinched Russia's douuuion V.) Ak«v |)rt»)v\*<>kelofr Strait and the Behring's Sea. " In 1794 Baranoif established a ship-yard at Resurrection Bay, on Pavmh' im» i(fftnf(\ under this Corporation have hoen so universally acknowledged and wiMy ttti< iaofy, <^/yw known as Soutli-eastern Alaska — one at Tliree Saints Harbour, one at hi, \'»(i\ l^lanfj, one on th(^ Island of Kodiak, one off Afognak Island, one at the i'uif»m'J'. c/ (:c^>k's fnlet, three on the coast of the inlet, two on Prince William 8';M;IA<11, m^ at ('ai)e Ht. Elias, two on Yakutat Bay, and one at New Archanjrel, on tlxe li«y t4 JHf fcjt. " Aloiifj liie (Uj'tnl, " After the death of BaranofT, in 1819, Jjis t^w/ct^i^/f in charge of the affairs of the Company, Lieutenant Yanovsky, made <-xt>'W*ii*>' i^«f»lorations f)f the coast and mainland above the Alaska Teninsula. <>u<' t'%\^'\,%\(in explored and made a preliminary survey of the coast from liiis.t/J I4«;y »^ i(tt as the moutli of the Kuskovim River, discovering and locatin;; \\iHK Hff^tft arifj also the Island of Nunivak, on parallel GOth degree, in ]Minii-/t> M^-tt, Another pnssed beyond the mouth of the Yukon to Morton's Soiiiid, and ■diir^^rt^ of ?)asins of tb(! Yukon and Kuskovim, a voluminous journal of wiiieh is nvw m \mn%, " Unbroken Pontuettim, "This brings us to the close of the first t-'Aiith'ttf of llussian discoveries and occupation in Ncrth America. It is ni'ixiiess i(/y i'fM/m further, as the twenty-five years intervening between 1842 and tiie dat<^ <;1 ti^'ttftity of the United States are but a continuation and repetition (jf liussiajj fjuv-'ftfMUfn and supremacy of this territory. That possession was never changc-d vr i^'/A^'tt until it passed to the United States under the Treaty of 1807. The urchhc^ *4 iSiw^ia. will further show that the Imperial Government itself not only foster* d tiM-ft^ cfw/vveries, but from the earliest period has asserted and exercised dominio)! ovi'f tii*t %f,)tih Ami'Ticnn possessions. "The discoveries of Behring in 1728-41 At'ii- imP-Y ffoyal Commission. In 1760 Tolstyk, after his discovery of the Adr(;ian gr'^ujM^J mli>C! Aleutian chain, was granted special privileges in the new possessions by ;in <'jii<-!t c;|l f:?i.therine 11. 'i'lie expedition of Kreutzen, of the Imperial Navy, to Ouni)Jj;^.ls ii-ht^i to (7.'>8 was under commission of the same Sovereign. Upon the Jlep(ji1 (J r<>\ihi.'* U^t-m>fj forward his enterprises in North America. By a Ukase of Catherine IJ in iV'f>t Missions of the Cn-ek Cliurch were established in the new dominion, and a Coi<;«^ ^m (Vlso founded at Kodiak under Royal Edict. 118 " The Russian' American Company. "Tlic Charter oi'tlic llussian-Amevicau Company issued iu 179U deelares Russia's (lomiiiioii in the following language: 'By the right of discovery in past times by Russian navigator's of llie north-western part of America, beginning from the u5tli degree of iiortli latitude and the chain of island sextcnding from Kamchatka to Ainericu and ^southward to Japan, graciously permit the Companytto have the use of all hunting gnjunds and establishments now existing on the nortli-W(!stern coast of America, from tin- above-mentioned ooth degree to Behi'ing's Strait, and on the same on the Aleutian Kurih; Islands situattnl on the north-eastern ocean.' "in (conclusion, the (Jhartcr enjoins: ' All military and civil authorities iu the above-mentioned localities not only not to prevent the Company from enjoying to the fullest extcnit the privih-ges grant(.'d, but in case of need to protect them with all their power from loss or injury, and render them, upon application of the Company, all aid, assistance, and protection.' '■ 'I'liis assertion of dominion })y Jlussia was reiterated in 1820, when, by an lmi)crial I'kase, Alexander I granted the second Charter to the Russian- American Comp;iiiy, niKjwing i(s j)riviieges for twenty years, and was again asserted in 1814 by (lie gianting of the; third (Jliarter, which not only increased the ])rivileges of the (.'ompany, but also ])rovided a system of colonial government for the Russian- American colonies for the twenty succeeding years. " Russian Ordinance of 1821. "Alltiiese assertions of jurisdiction and dominion passed unchallenged, but iu 1821 tile imperial (iovcrnment had issued an Ordinance regulating tralTic in its Asiatic and Americm ijossessions, and resei'ved exclusively to subjects of the lUissian Kmpirc 'the Iraii^ietio!! of comin(Mce, tli(! piu'siiit of whaling and lishing, or any other industry, on the islands iii tlic hai-bours and inlets, and in general along the north-w^'slern coast of ^Vmeriea, from Uclirin'_''s Strait to the ijlst parallel of north latitude and in the AI(Milian Ishuids, and along the coast of Siberia and on the Kurilt; Islands, from liehrinij's Slniil t<; the south-eastern promontory of the Island of Urup — viz., as far soutli as latitude LV and oO' ntjrth.' " This ( htUniuiiu- called forth the ])rotests of the United States and Great Britain, and protracted discussions followed. A critical examination of the diplomatie corres]ion(l(;nc<; between the ljnit(;d States and Great Britain on one side and Jlussia upon the other will dLsclosi! that the jmints in dispute in the controversy Avere the assertion of llussia to exidusivc; jurisdiction over the Pacitic Ocean, the assertion of dominion over the coast of North Ami-rica from the ooth parallel south to the Hist (See note of .Mr. .Vdamx, American Minister to Russia, to tho Russian Minister, March 1S22.; " Following tiiese discussions came the Treaty of 1821 between Russia and the L niled Stall's, and the .'inalogons 'J'reaty of 1825 between Russia and Great Britain. By tiiese 'i'reatics, Uu-siti reciided from her assertion of exclusive jurisdiction over the I'acilic Ocean, and abandoned her claim to possessions on the coast of North America, soutii of .".r 10'. " The Treaty. "I'lie following are the Articles of the Treaty iK^twcen the United States and Hussia germane to the qiufstions involved in the case: — '"ARTICLE I. "'It is ngrcd that in any part of tho great ocean commonly called the Pacific 0«'ean, or South Sea, the respective c'ti/c-ns or subji'ctH of the High Contracting Powers shall i)e ni'ither (listurbed nor restrained, either i!i navigation or in iishing, or in the jiowir of resorting to thr- rroasts ujwn points which may »iot already have been occujtied for the pur|K)S(! of tniding with the natives, saving always tho restrictions and conditions deiennined by the following ArticloH. 'ARTICLE IL (rH " ' "With a view of preventing the rights of nnviiration and of fishing exercised upon the great oc<.'an by the citizeuH and subjoctH of tho High Coutroxiting PowerH from bcconr'ig the pretext of uii illicit trade, it is agreed tlial tho uitizona of the 119 United States shall not resort to any point where there is a Russian establishment witliout the permission of the Governor or Commander, and that reciprocally the subjects of Rus^ia shall not resort without permission to any esta))lishmcnt of the United States upcu the north-west coast. • ' ARTICLE III. " ' It is, moreover, agreed that hereafter there shall not be formed by the (,il /Jinn of the Unitc.l States, or imder authority of tlu; said Stiites, any establislimt'iit upon the north-, vest coast of America, nor in any of the islands adjacent to the norfli of .')!' 10' north latitude, and that in the same manner there shall be rone formed by tlie {{ussian subjeos, or under the authority of Eussia, south of the same parallel. "'ARTICLE IV. "' It is, iiuvertheless, understood that dui'ing a term of ten years, ('(jiintin!,' from the si^nnfures )f the present Convention, tiic ships of both I'owcrs, or wliich bdorif^ to tlu'ii' citi/cns'jrsi'.bjeets I'esfjeetivcly, may reeijjroeally frequent, without any bindrancc wliiilever, tin; interior sens, fjulfs, harbours, and creeks upon the coast mentioned in till" pnM'i'fiini.' Arti<'l(!, for the purpose of fishing and trading with the natives of the (•untry.' (Wlieaton's ' International Law,' vol. i, pp. 2-112.) " Til!! Ticaty between Russia and Great Uritain contains substantially tbe samo lirovisions. Neither in the Treaties nor in the correspondence is any refei'cncf! made to Russia's claim of dominion over the Rehring's Sea. If in the diplomat ii' (■r)rres[K)n- (!<'ivc(! leading up to the Treaty any cballenge as to the jurisdi(!li<)n of Hcliring's Sea IkkI be(Mi made, wliy was it not settlcMl by the Treaties y Did the lligii Cuntraeting I'owcrs to these Trea tie:, enter into a discussion lasting nearly two year, as to one matter and make ;!(ljustment by Treaty as to other matters? "The Convention between Russia and Great Britain, aside from disposing of the (|ni'slion of ilussia's asserted sovereignty over the I'aeitic Ocean and fixing tin- southera limit of her [)ossession on tbe western coast of Nfn'th Americn, also established the dividing lin(! of their i-espective North Americiin possessions from 5i lO north to the i'rozcn o(!ean, whi(!h bouiidary-line is in( "rpc rated lerlmtim into tlie Treaty nl' Cession of 18(17 from ]{ussia to the I'nited States. (Treaty of 18(57, Articde I.) " If differiMices existed as to th(> dominion of the Behring's Sea, why wi-rr; I lii-y not idso s(!ttled, as that manifestly would be a part of the object of holding the Con- vention "r* " llussia\s Jurisdiction, " It cannot bo successfully maintained that by such terms as the ' Great Ocean,' till ' I'sicifle Ocean,' or tlu; 'South Sea,' the High Cimtiacting i'owcrs referred to the Heliring's Soa. Aside from this, it is stipulatcul in both Treaties ihat tbe sliiiis, citi/ens, and subjects of either Power may reciprocally l're([ueiit tbe interior seas, gull's, harbours, and en eks of the other on the North American coast I'm- a period of ten years. The only i >lerior .sea on tin; North A.nieriean (!oast was tlie Heliiiny:'s Sea ludd iiy Kiissia. If tlidt was a part of \\\v. ' i'aeilic Ocean,' w tbe ' (inat Ocean,' or tlie 'South Sea,' or belonged to tbe bigli seas under the law of nations, why the term ' interim' sea,' and why should the United Stales and Great Hritain accept a ten years' limit of the rigiit of navigiiliou, lisliing, and trading in an interior sea it tiii'v liad the iiiieon- ilitional right to frequent those waters under the law o'' nations r "This section of thi^ Trejity, tliercifore, really concedes IJussia's dominion over Heh ring's Sea. Chaneellor Kent alludes to this subject as tbi' 'i-laini of Liissia to sovereignly over the I'acille (Jcean north of the Slst deyrci- of latitude." ( Ki-nt, vel. i, p. 28.) " A summary of results following the discussions and (!oiivenlions as lo tin- Itoyal Ordinnncre of IS21 is the abamlonment liy Uussia of ii(>r claim lo sovereignly over the l'a(;ilie Oe<'au; a surrender of her ehiini to the North American <-oast soutli of .'it U)'; asetilenient by Itussiii jind (Ire.il Mrilain as to llie bnundary-line of their possessioiiH ill .N'ortli Ameriea; .igreemenls as to settlements upi)ii each other's territory mid ii'ivigation of eacli other's waters, but no surrender of Russia's jurisdiction over the ilehring's Sea. 120 " Powers of Congress. "Upou this branch of the subject, the power of Congress over Behring's Sea, there seems to be little room for discussion. The power of a nation to control its own dominions is one of the inherent elements of sovereignty. " ' AVhen a nation takes possession of certain parts of the sea, it takes possession of the empire over them as well as of the domain, on the same principles which an; advanced in treating of the li nd. These parts of the sea are within tlie jurisdiction of the nation and a part of its ti rritory ; the Sovereign (commands them ; he makes laws and may pnnisli those who vi )late them ; in a word, ho has the same rights there as on the land, and in general, every right which the laws of the State allow him.' (Vattcrs ' Law of Nations,' p. 130.) " By the Treaty of 18(57, ' the cession of territory and dominion tlierein made is declaied to be free and unencumbered by any reservations, privileges, franchises, grants, or i)()ssessions and conveys all the rights, franchises, and privileges now l)clonging to llussia in the said territory or dominion and tlie appurtenances thereto.' (Treaty, Article VI.) "The Constitution of the United States declares that all Treaties made under the auth(;rity of the United States shall be the supreme law of the land. (Constitution of the United Slates, Article 0.) " Tlint same instrument vests in Congress ' the power to make all needful rules and regulations respecting the territcny or other property belonging to the United States.' (Constitution of tlic United States, Article '1, section li.) " ^lauirestly, the; Acts of Congress contaiui'd in chapter 3, Revised Statut(!s of the United States, ' relating to the unorganized Territory of Alaska,' and under which the inroriiKition is brought, are embraced within these constitutional provisions. " Conclusion. "The foregoing record may contain but a meagn; idea of the indomitable energy and perseverance displayed by the Bussian penph; in acquiring empire; in North America, beginning with discoveries of Behring in 1728, and extending for more than a century and a quarter, wherein they braved the perils of land and sea, overcame a savage ntitive pujjulation, faced ice and snow, storm and shipwreck, to found and . 'ntain enipii'e on thest; rugged shores. Enough has been said to disclose the basis >■ I issia's right to jurisdiction of tin; Behring's Sea under the law of nations, viz., ;j! j.nal possessi( ii of the Asiatic coast, followed by discovery and possession of the ^ eutian ciiain and the shores of Alaska North, not only to Belu-ing's Strait but to I'oiitt Harrow and tin; frozen ocean, thus inclosing within its territory, as within the embrace of a mighty giant, the islands and waters of Behring's Sea, and with this the assertion and exercise of dominion over land and sea. "Such is our understanding of the law, such is the record. Upon them th(! United States are prejtanjd to abide the Judgments of the Courts and the opinion of the civilized world. Inclosuro 2 in No. 77. Krtrartfrain Ihc "New York Hera ht," October \\ 1887. 'I"nr, Alaskan Skai, Fishkuiks. — The "Herald" lays before its readers tliis nun'ning the grounds on which the United States claims exclusive jurisdiction over the seal lisherics of Behring's Sea, as set forth in the brief of tin' counsel for this conur-y in the case ag;iiiist certain British vessels charged with violating on vigi>S' The plea in defence is that, the United Stales has no dominion over tiie wal(>-,'; Behring's Sea Iw-yond a marine leagiie, or 3 loib's, i'rom the Alaskan sii.»re. Jbil ,liis view cannol be sustained. As is shown by luunerous auth()riti(;s cited in C(iunh(!llor Dehuiev's hriei', it is a recognized prinei|)le of international law, and one which this country bus always asserted, that a nation has jurisdiction not, oidy o'-er wilers witliin the marine league, but all waters, whatever their extiMit, embraced within its liuul dominion, 'lull's, bays, and iirms of the sea belong to the country witiiin whose land tliey are encompassed. Now llehring's Sea is not a part of the o]»en or high s(>a. It is, as Afr. Dolaney clearly shows, "an inland water cut olf from the o(;eaii and essentially land-locked." Before the purchase of Alaska by the United States in 1H()7 it was within Iheexcdusive 121 jurisdiction of Russia. By that purchase it pass(>(l into thecxclusivc jurisdL'tiou of tiio I iiitcd States, which succeeded to the title of Ilussia. No. 78. The Mnrqvis of Sftli.ibury to Sir L. West. Forelyn Offirn, October 20, 1887. WITH reference to my despatch of the 19th instant, requestiiiff you to protest to llic United States' Government against tlie seizure of tiie Jirilisli sealing scliooner •' Alfred Adams" in Belu'ing's Sea, I have to instruct you to give the United States' Secretary of State a eoj)y of the ileport, and inclosures, whieii was drawn up hy •■\y "'.isler, the Canadian Minister of ATarine and Fisheries, on the 1.5th ultimo. • "niiiM'stand that this document has heen communicated to yon hy the Governor- :.i ,,' of Canada, and a cojiy was inclosed in the hitter from the Colonial Oilice 1)1 i.ie 17th instant. I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. No. 7i). The Marquis of Salinburi/ to Sir L. Went, Sir, Fureiijn O/fin; (kfoher 29, 18S7. I If.VVK received your des])a(eh of the 1 Kii instant, inclosing a note from Mr. Bayard, in wiiicii he cxpri'ssc^s regret that the orders of th(! I'resident of the United States for tlie ndease of the vessels "Carolina," "Onward," and "I'liornton" ^-lionld have li.vn delayed througli niiscoueeplion, and states that n^iewed ordcu's have liecn forwai'ded to-' their liheration. I approve vDur aelion in iiaving forwarded a ecpy of this note to the Governor (ieneral of Caiitiii-i. 1 am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. No. HO. Sir L. Writ tn the ^t'lrijiiis of Sdlisliiiri/.—'Jierrireil Ortnlier '\l.) My Lord, Washinijlon, (ktohrr 20, 1H87. I ll.WI'l ihe honour to inclosi; to your liordsiiip herewitli cftpy uf a note which, upon the receipt of your li(n'dship'H telei,'ram of the IDth. I addressed in the Secretary 111' SI'ite protesting againut the s(>i/,ure of tlie Canadian ves.sel "Alfred Adams" in Uelu'ing's Sen, and airainst i\w continuation of similar proceedings hy the United St.ites" •! I "irities on t.lie high seas, I have, &c. (Sitrned) I.. S. S.ACKVILLR WKS'I'. fnejiisiu'e in Nr), HO. Sir L. West to Afr, liiii/ard. Sir, WnshiiH/ton, Oclohrr 10, 1H87. I II.W I'l Ihe honour t'l inform you thai I am instructed hy Ihe Manpus of Sdishury. ili'r .MajcNty's Trineipal Secretary nf St:i(e I'm- l''oreign .\lfairs, to protest Mnviinst the seizure of the Canadian \esvel " .Mfred Adams" in ilehring's Sea, and .1 riiin-^l llie (Minlinuation of similar [iroceediiigs liy the United States' authorities on tliu liiiih seas, I have, &(!. (Signed) li. 8. HACKVIMiK WIOST. 1.1-28J 11 122 No. 81. Sir L. West to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received November 14.) My Lord, Washington, October 23, 1887. WITH reference to my despiitcli of the 20tli instant, in wliicli I liad the liononr to inclose copy of the note wliieli, according to instructions, I addressed to the United States' Government on the suhject of tlie seizure of the " Alfred Adams " in Belirinir's Sea, I have the lionour to transmit herewith copy of Mr. Bayard's reply, in which lie aeknoAvledges the receipt of my ahove-mentioued communication. I have, &c. ' igned) L. S. SACKVILLE WEST. Inclosure in No. 81. Mr. Bayard to Sir L. West. Sir, Department of State, Washington, October 22, 1887. I HAD tlie honour to receive last evening your note of the lOtli instant, conveying the instructions addressed to you hy tlie !^^arquis of Salishury, that yoii should protest against the seizure of tlie Canadian vessel "Alfred Adams" in Behring's Sea, and against the continuance of similar pi'occcdings by the United States' authorities on the high seas, and 1 have, &c. (Signed) T. F. BAYARD. No. 82. Colonial Office to Foreign Office. — (Received November 21.) Sir, Downing Street, November 19, 1RH7. WITH refenmee to previous correspondence, I am directed by Secretary Sir Meiiry Holland to transmit to you, to be laid before tlie Manjuis of Salisbury, a copy of a despatch from the (iovernor-tieneral of Canada, Ibrwardiiig a Minute of the l^xeeutivr Council of British Columbia respecting the value to that jiroviiiet! of the sealinu; industry on ]?eliring's Sea. I ;im to ask wliat answer should ]w returned to JiOrd Lansdowne, and to suggest that copies of these paiiers should be forwarded to Uer Majesty's Jlinister at Washington. I am, &c. (Signed) JUllN BRAMSTON, Sir, ( Inclosure 1 in No. 82. The Marquis of Lansdowne to Sir H. Holland. Government House, Ottawa, October 20, 1887. I HAVE the honour to transmit to you a eo])y of an apjiruved |{( to Uritish C()luinl)ia of tlio present scaling' industry in Hehring's Sea, toi^ether with the opinion of tiie Exonutivo tliat tlie rights of Uritish suhjeets should have the same protection aud consideration on tlu- J'acilie as on tlie Atl ntie. and that these rights as regards the 13ehring's Sea should l)e included in tiic scope of the duties of the International Commission in process of organization. The ^linister of Marine and Fisheries, to whom the despatch and inclosures were referred, recommends that a copy of the despatch referred to, with its inclosures, be transmitted to Her .Majesty's (iovernment. The Committee advise that yoin* Uxet'llency h(,' moved to transmit a copy of the papers h(>rein mentioned to the Uigiit Jlonoui'ahle the tSecrtitary of State for the Colonies, for th(> information of Jlcr Majesty's Government. All which is 'vspe'ttfuHv snhmitted. (Signed) JOHN J. AEcGEE, Clerk, Privy Council for Canada. Inclosure 3 in No. 82. Lieutenant-Governor Nelson to the Hccrelary of State, Ottawa. Sir, Harrison Hot Siirinys, British Columbia, Seplenilier lo, 1887. 1 IIAN'J'j the honour to transmit lu>re\vitli a copy of u Minute of my Executive Council, approved hy me on thi" 'Jth instant, representing tlie value to the Province of ISritisli Columbia of the jiresent sealing indusiry in Jiehring's Sea, the number of vessels, men, &v.., engaged in tho same, tin; loss to the ])rovince certain to ensue from the destruction of this traiitloincn, Foreli/ic Office, November 29, 1887. I TRANSMIT liorcwitli, for your inrortnation, ti c-opy of n Icttor from tho Cnldiiial OfllcT,* and its iiicloswrcs, cjilliiiir attciifion to tlic value to liritisli Coluiiihia of till! pn'seiit scaliiii; industry in Holiriiii^'s Hi'a. Tiic Kxei'utivc Couru;:! of tin; Colony express a (L;sire lli;it this question sliould l)c included in the Rcope of the duties of the Kishei'ies C'onferiMiee now sitting at Washington. A (!opy of the reply whieh has J>f«u returned to the Colonial Office is also inclosed herewith. t I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. No. 8'.. Foreirjn Office lo Coloniiil Office. Sir, Forrli/ii Of/ice, Xnrcmher '!'.), ]SS7. I AIM directed by ihe ]\Iar(|uiH of Halishiiiy to acknowlelge tlu- receipt of your letter of the l!)tli instant, with its inrdosures, showing the value to Ih'itisli Colunihia of the ]iresent sealing industry in Hf.diring's Sea. His Lordshij) notes the opinion ex|)ress.-d in the Minute (jf the Executive Council of the Colony that this ((uestioii sliould he included in the scope of the duties of the Fisheries Confcjrence now siltint; at Washington. I am now to re(|uest tliat, in laying this letter hefcu'o Secretary Sir K. Holland, you will state to him that copies r^f Lord Lansdownc's despatch of the 20th ultimo, and of its inclosures, will he forwarrled to the British I'lenipotcntiaries at tho Conference. I ani also to call attention to th(! instructions in regard to this subject contained in Lord Salisbury's despatch of the 21th ultimo to the British Plenipotentiaries.}; It was then stated that " the (|uestion of the seal lisherics in tho Behring's Sea . . . has not becui specifically inrduded in the terms of reference ; but you will understand that if the United States' I'lenipotcntiaries should b(> authorized to disfiuss that subject, it would come within the terms of tin; rc^ference, and that you have full power and a ithority lo treat foi" a si'ttlcnu-nt of tho jjoints involved in any manner uliich you may deem advisable, wlictliei- by a direct discussion at the present Coni'erence i»r by a refereni'c to a subsequent (.'onfcrcncc 'd adjust that parlic.'ular {|uestion." Lord Salisbury would sugKr-sl, for J'lr IL liollaad's cunsideration, that the sul)stanco of these instructions sliould be ^■ommunicated to the (Jovernor-tieneral of Canada. I am, iV:c. (Signed) JULLVX I'AUNCEFOTE. No. H(J. Mr. J. Chnmhcrliiin, M.I'., lo the Mnri/uis of Sullsliuri/. — (lieceiveit December 12.) .My Lord, lV(i.shinijlon. iXovember 28, 18>S7. I llAVR received your LordHlii|i'H telegram of this day's JiUc, in reply to mine III the 'Jotli instant. In explanation of the circmnstances which led me to address to your Lordship the iiuiuiry contnlned in my tclegiain, I should state that Mr. Angell, oi.i; of tlu- United Slates' I'lenipotentiaiies at the Fishery Conterence, stated to mc, in the ci urse ol a private and confidential conversation, that an invitation hud been conveyed to your Lordship, on beliult oi the United States, to take part in nn internutional Confeienec tor the protection • No. «a. t No. H«, J 8.T " L'iiilc.1 Stnic- No. 1 (1888)." 126 ot' the seal lislicrius in tlu; Hchriiig's Sea, aad that your Loidsliip had cordially accepted this invitation. 1 may add that tiic (juustion of the seal fishery in the Beh ring's Sea has not yet arisen for discussion at the sittings of the Conference. I have, &c. (Signed) J. CHAMBERLAIN. No. 87. Colonial OJfice lo Foiciijn Office. — (Received December 2G.) Sir, DowtiliKj l^treet, Deceinlier 2(i, 1887. I !vM dir('<'fc(l by tlic Secretary of State for the Colonies to transmit to you, to be laid befoic the .M- qiiis of Salisbury, a c'oj)y of a despatch from the (lovernor-Gencral of Canada, forwaidim; ri'viscd claims made by the owners of the "'riiornton" and "Carolina " I'm' losses sustained on account of tbo scizun; of these vessels by a United States' Hcvenne vess(d in liehrin^''s Se;i. Tile nnised claim of the owners of the "Onward," the otb(>r vessel seized in 188fi' has not yet been received, but Lord Salisbury a\ ill know whether it. will be advisable to wait for it bcffore puttim,' forward the "Thornton" and "Carolina" claims. T am to rc()uest thai the inclosures in Lord Landowue's despatch, which arc sent in original, may be returned when done with. I r.m, &c. (Signed) JOHN 1311AMST0N. Inelosure 1 in No. 87. Till' Miiniiiis nf Lnnxdowne lo Sir II. Holland. Sir, Goverunient House, Ottawa, December 2, 18S7. WITH reference tft your dcs|)atcli of the? llth Se|)tember last on the subject of the seizure of British sealing-vessels in Jiehring's Sea by United States' llevenue cruizers, aiul direct ini: .'ittcutioii to tlu' ma!;iutudt! of the claims for compensation pre- ferred by tin? owners airainst the United States' (Jovernnu'ut, 1 have the honour to forw.ard herewith a (!opy of an approved lleport of n Committee of the Privy Council, submitting a revised Statenu'ut of the lo.ss(>s sustained in the cases of the "Thornton" aiul " Carolina." My .Minister of iMarine aiul Fisheries considers that the claims now made .arc not uiucason.'ible. You will obs(U'vc that whereas the amount at first claimed in resi)e(!t of tbo seizure of tli(>se two vessids was 102,22:5 dollars, the amoimt now clainu'd is 71, UW dol. (ifi e. In the case of the " Onward," the third vessel seized, (be claim has not yet been rcturmnl by the owners. I have, &(!. (Signed) LANSDOWNE. lnch)sure 2 in No. 87. Certified Copij of ii liciwrt of a Commitli'c of the Ilniiniirable lite Privij Coitiiril for Caiiinln, upiiroved bi/ his Excellency Ike (jOvernor-General in Council on the 2\)lh November, 1887. THE Coinmitlec of the Privy Council have had under consideration a de; ,il.'b, dated the 1 fth September, 1S>7, from (he Itigbt Honourable tlu; Secretary of Slate for the Colonies, on the subje(!t of tin.' seizure of Jb'itish sealiug-vessels in Ikdiiang's Sea li.v United States' Itevenue cruizers, and directing attention to certain claims for emn- pensation against the United States' (loverument. Till-' Minister ^istered at the port of Victoria aforesaid, of about tons bnrden, builders' measurement, and that in .\.i). l^St the "Carolina" was rebuilt and leni,'thened about 1.') feet by a section built amidships, and ))ut in tirst-class order and condition. In a.d. 18S,') the said " Caro- liiiu " was valued for insurance bj' tlu; Union Tnsnranee Company at l^OOO doUai-s, and ill a.d. 1880 the California Insurance Company plaeivl the same value, namely, 1,(100 dollars, upon her for a lihe purpose. I am informed by the said AVilliam Munsle, and believe that since the rebuildiiiiij and enlari^ement of the " Carolina," she has not lircii re-ref^istered at the port of A'ietoria aforesaid nor at any other port, and that (•onse(]ueiitly her actual tonnage is greater than appears by the official record, or the ri'i,'istor of tli(! said "Carolina." ;5. That on or about the 20tli day of ^[ay, a.d. 188G, the said " Carolina " left the jiDit of Victoria aforesaid, after having been duly cleared at Customs, one James Oyilvie being master, and oiu> James Hlake mate, and a crew of niiii> sailors and iiuuters, on a llshiiig and hunting voyage; in the Nortli Pacific ()e(>an and IJehring's S(>a. !. That on the 1st day of Autrust, in said year 1880, while in said Hehring's Sea ir nnilli latitude .').')'' .'()', west loiigitu(l(! 108° '>'V, then being from 05 to "'> miles from ihe nearest land, and Avhile, as I am informed and verily believe, lawfully pursuing tiie objects of said voyage, the said sehonner " Carolina " was seized by tlu; United States' steam-ship " Corwin," and taken to Ounalaska, in the Territory of Alaska, of the United States of America, and her voyagt; broken np. u. That on arrival at Ounalaska aforesaid the " Carolina" was, by order of the United States" authorities, stripped of her outdt and running-gear, the seal-skins on lioard taken out, the cajitain, James Ugilvie, and the mate, James Mlake, placed under arrest and sent to Sitka, in said Territory of Alaska, and the crew sent to the city of San Francisco. (i. That upon arrival at Sitka the caiitaiii and the mate of the "Carolina" were I'onnally eharged with having violated the laws of the United States of America ivs|i('ctiiig seal-lishing in tli(> waters of Alaska, but before the day fixed for the hearing and trial (if said charge Captain Oyilvie disappeared, and Avas al'terwards found dead in I'rahiiiit the neighbourhood ol Sitka. The mate, James 151ake, was tried, found guilty, and senteueed to pay a line of MOO dollars and be imprisoned at Sitka I'or thirty days, and which iui|)risonineiit he, James IJiiike, sulVered. 7. That i\erelo annexed, marked (A), is a Statement of the articles comprising (he mittit of the schooner " Cardina " on Inn' departure on said voyage, anil all of which 1 verily believe w(>re ini board the "Carolina" at the time of her seizure, excepting iinly what had bei>n consumed in the ordinary cimrse of the voyage, together with the value of said articdes, also of the amount of |)remiiitns paid for iusuriinee on the hull, "ntlit, and cargo of (he said "Carolina" for tli(> said voyage; also of the amount III' wages paid to the crew and hunters on board the "Carolina" up to the time of Mii'h seizure ; also of the cKiienaes of the mate aiul part of the crew in icturning to the 128 city of VncOtriii from Onnfilaska and Sitka, and also a statomcnt of the niiml)er of W!al-«»kini» on \i'i!%ri\ tli<; "Carolina" at tiic time of said seizure, and the value tlicrwjf, H. 'Jlx! HxUi]ni (\'t) IrfTffo annexed is a Statement of the catch of thirtcon scalin'^-vi'fewjU Ut ntu\ nh<(ut flic I5('lirint,''s Sea during so much of the season of A.i>. IhHO ;ifc iUt'y n>'rt: in l?elirint,''s Sea. The statement is taken from the Eeport of tjje Jni!|X'>rt//r of Fiolicrics for the I'rovincc; of Jiritish Columhia for the year 1HS(;, an ittmUiiht'A m tUf Ur1 of the Department of risheries for Canada at pages 218 and 2W, aiA \ r^rilv sfiy, fcom [icrsoTial knowledj^e of tli(> facts, that the said fiiiiUmti'ui it» t,h\f*i',tuUn\, true, and correct. The scJKjoners " Carolina," meaninLi; the "Carolin.'i" iit-rtin »»»'rition(d, and "Thornton" and "Onward," Mere seized on the 1st and 'Ji)il Au'/u*1 m l*tiitiv onUrit] out oi' the sea hy tlic Conunander of the said " Corwin," the IhiHccK v<'inK;i» rri"nfioned in I'lxliiiiit (H), Avitli on(! or two exceptions, left J{elirin;r'»i HfH, nr fhe \^-Mi tiealini^-ffronnds therein, Ion;,' helore the close of the sealing; scjison, and tho» fl.«r nvfTU^i; catch as f'oiuid in E.vhihit (1?) is fully, as I verily helievc, 500 skint) |ji-»* limn if would have heen hail they all remained till the end of the season. 9. 'I'iKil Utrtrih finnexed, mark('d (C), is a Statement of the legal expenses incurred al Mi»d eliewhere hy reason of th(! seizure of Hk; "Carolina," and the arrest of her isniUuu fnu\ mate as aforesaid, and also of tlu; personal expenses connected therewiti), 10, 'J'h,'it Swrfio nnuK%c(\, marked (D), is a Statement of (he damages claimed hy the ^H',, J^-^-J, «>(d CiS^, hased upon the averag(^ catch of seal-skins per vessel as found hy \.%U't\iti i\'i). Jl. 'I'lc \>r'tt'i' fn"r er cent, per anrMiin. 14. That h«'r*rf/» anrrexrd, marked (!''), is a Statement of the items of the outfit of the "i',urti\UtSi" wh^m on *aid voyage and tin; value thereof, which would have been wholly <;'/i»i»M»«/i'l ill the fjrdinary prosei-ulion of a full season's hunting and fishing voyaire, ITh 'I'Ut' \>rm'*> charged for tlu" articles and groups of articles in Exhibit (A), compritsing i\n' ool/it i,i the " Carolina," are the market jirices of the said articles and groups of liriii'U^ til Victoria at the ti nu; of their purchase for the purposes of said voyagr;, id. That a* fo t\u' item, "('ash on hoard and unaceountcd for, COO dollars," ch-irg'-'l in lixUHi'ti ( \), f am informed hy the said William .Munsle, and do verily helieve, that the *aid f r>00 dollars was placed on hoard the " Cai'olina" at the time of h'T iUy,*r\m>- from Victoria as aforesaid, intrusted to the master, .rames <)gi)vi<', for nv th cav>*f,i»Uw'.i\ fitiy damage beyond ordinary wear and tear during said voyage up to IIm; tiww; '/f hif v^zure, 129 IH. Tli.it tlio value jjlaced on the " Carolina," namely, 4,000 dollars, is a fair Jirid rc'asonul)l(' valuation of t!io said schooner, and from my personal knowlcdtjc of tli<; "Carolina," and tlie value of A'essels of her class at Victoria, I verily Iwlicv*; Unit nUa oould not he rci)laced i)y a vessel in all respects as good and as well adapUd lo th»? purposes for which she Mas used for a less sum than 4,000 dollars. 1!). That on or ahout the 13th day of July last past I was at (Junalaska :iUiri^' said, and saw and was on hoard of the said schooner "Carolina." She was tlieri lyins; anchored in lina'« " voyage of a.w. 1880. And I, James Douglas Warren, aforesaid, make this solemn dcjclaration, lum- scientiously believing the same to bo true, and by virtue of the Act respecting extra- judiciul oaths. Declared and aiFirmed before mc at the city of Ottawa, in the county of (Jarleton, in the Province of Ontario, this 28th day of November, a.d. 1887, and certifieil under mv ollieial Bcal. (Signed) J. D. WAR It K.N. (Signed) W. D. Hogg, Notary Public /or Ontario. Exhibit (A). Vuluc of the schooner " Carolina " at the time of seizure OijlOt— Ornecrim , . . . , . . . . . Ammunition .. .. .. .. Six ulinrt };una .. l''ivL> rilli'R . . . . . . . . . . (]iin implements and tooU . . . . . . Dry goodii . . . . . . . . . . Hhi|M'lian(llcry Water enoks . . . . . . . . C'hrnnnnietcr . . . . . . . • I'uur cnnoes and outfit . . One bont . . . . . . . . . • Halt ('mil and wood for fuel .. .. .. ('o'lkinit Alove and n.tcns'.U .. .. .. Minci-llunenufi .• Citnh on hoard ami unaccounted fur Two •extiintu , . , . . . . . Iiituraneii premium and surrey fee on 2,500 dullarH on hull nnd 1,000 dollars on outfit and enrgo .. .. .. .. Wanes paid to hunters and erens for vovage up to time of seizure . 1,332 2'.! I'urtrif erew lia>ing hcen sent to San Frnnciseo hy United Slates' authriritie<, hoard of five men at Sun Franeiseo and passagc- moniy tlienre to Victoria . . . . . . . • I'asiaue-money and exjiensos of mate, James Dlake, from Sitica to Victoria alter release from prison . . . < 6HC scal-tklns cm hoard the "Carolina" when seized, and not returned, at 7 dollars per skin . . . . . . . . Total Exhihit (A) . . Del. e. I)ol. e • 4,000 00 598 60 173 34 300 00 130 00 17 29 71 37 37(i 83 12 00 leo 00 'UH 50 100 00 81 00 37 02 79 00 42 34 500 00 75 110 352 50 71 72 too 00 2,008 04 • • 4,H02 00 14,1«1 33 ri2«3 130 Exliibit (B). — Number of seal-skins taken by each of the following tUirUxH' -^tslVn? vessels during the year 1886 in and about the Bebrlng's Haa, iu. l.TOC •!.2&t; 2,620 2:620 l.TtiU 2,460 2,270 1,0211 ],0H7 2.001 1,401/ 2,000 2,720 oU-OOO 2,a»i Exhibit (C). Ijegal expenses it Sitka in connection with the seizure of the " Carolina " . . Counsel and other legal fees and expenses in and about the seizure of the " Carolina," and the claims arising thereunder, exclusive of the above 500 dollars . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal expenses other than the above in the same connectioa . . Total .. .. .. .. .. .. TOD W 1,000 W Exhibit (D). — Estimated damages arising from the seizure and dctwfqKtt' c^ t,ho schooner " Carolina " based on the average catch per vessej n^ -^1*^ in Exhibit (Bj, season 1886. Average cateh of seals . . , . . . . . . . licss on board at seizure, and charged in Exhibit (.\) .. ISalancc at 7 dolb.rs per skin Keasonnble and probable j)rofit on operations for year 1887 . . "('aroliiia" not being released and not available to en;^age in next year's operations, reasonable and probable profit i'ur 1888 •• •• .. ,. .. ,, Total of Exhibit (D) No. 2,381 089 w, ^■ i,o&o=M,8<«;,ov Dol. c. 5,000 00 5,00C 00 2!,«>t>0(W Exhibit (E). — Estimate of t)ie principal sums on ■which interest a1 7 ^i»' (*^tvf. per annum is claimed, and the time for which interest is m cluiuitKl- Value of "Carolina's" estimated catch for 1880 — namely. 2,381 skins, at 7 dollars per skin — from the 1st day of October, a.d 1880, when the catch would have been realized on . . . . . . . . . . ActuiU cash outlay for legal and other necessary expenses incurred by reason of tho said seizure . . . . Total principal on which interest is claimed from October, a.d. 1880, to date of payment of claim Estimated value of the "Carolina" catch for 1887, less cost I of outfit and wages of crew and hunters, on which interest at 7 per cent, is claimed from Ist October, a.d. 1887, on or about which date the catch would be realized on to dUo of payment . . If the claim for 1887 be not allowed, then interest is claimed on the value of the "Carolina" from Ist October, 1880, to date of payment .. .. .. Dol. c. 16,007 00 600 00 W- rf'.- OiWViW Vi] Exhibit (J?). — DEiAiiiS of itoms oi' " CaroJi/ja'* " trntftt, consumed during; tlic course of a full huatiii^r und i^r^iicj^ *Ciyac(ft. Groceries . . Ammunition Dry ^ooils . . Ship chaudclry Salt Coal and wood Miscellaneous Wages of crew Total value comvatbi,. I)ol. c. .'.!)8 60 173 34 71 37 37G 83 81 00 37 C2 42 84 1.832 22 3.213 32 IncIosur« i J« ^nf, ^T, Declaration of James Ihu/jitvn W»fftn. riiv of Ottawa, Province of Ontario, T)ou)iJii'>tt of C^mfiAn, ' I, .TAllIES DOUGLAS WAHTIEN, of tJ;« 0^%^ (4 Virrtoria, in the Pr' 'incc of T>riti>h Columbia, of tlio ^Dominion of CoixMh, uut'tm-t And .sbip-ownor, do .solemnly and "iccrcly declare as follows: — That I am a British subject by birth, hat I was sole owner of the Uritish ^fim-n^'hf^mcr " Thornton," 78 tons l)u... .»y builders' measuromont, rejyistcred at tiiHt ^/^t of Vif^foria aforesaid, before nnd at the time of her seizure herciual'tcr w^ 4Mi t,y ihc. T'nitrd States' steam-ship " Corwin." 3. That the said steam-schooner "'J'honiU;«" w^ fe-^f(i'\]t by mo in a.jj.1887,* at a cost of 0,500 dollars, and in a.d. 18S0 am! iji, j'-^t wa.'?' fittod ii]) with steam propelling power at an additional cost of '.i,<^}<) doj^j-n, UtT bottom and sides of above light water-line were coppennl and r'opper i':dhU:m4, ■1. That on or about the 3 01b day f^ Afores.iid for a full season of al)oiit four months' iishing and hunting in th« f\f/)iU I'a/'ific Ocean and Behring's Sea, and that on or about the 27th day of said momU (ft ilay the "Thornton" finally saih'd froiTi Clayoquot Sound, on the south-MosA >, J.*^5•i<}, ^hUf in J'ebring's Sea in north latitude 55° 45' and west longitude ICb' 11', k^Jwiifj',, as t verily believe, pursuing tlio objects of said voyage, the said ste;tn>sf'h«//Wi> "'/^lornton " was seized by the United Statot' steam-sliip " Ccn-win," and by the ''<;V;i»w(rt " tnk(n to Ounalaska, in the United States' Territory of Alaska, and her \<)\ti'/.y * nf^nt/tcr belonging tf) the Alaska Commercial Company. 8. That I am infoi-mcd by Captain Gult<>rmbe»,i iiM Pmmed lately upon the arrival at Ounalaska of the "Corwin " with th(! " TbonjUwJ,'^ if^ f^itt, enptnin) entered his solemn protest against the seizure of his vessel aud h<'r '/-'^llfif, and the seal-skins then on l)oard. n. That on or about the IStli day <;f A'iiy '/I i\n- present y(>ar I was at Ounalaska, and saw the said steam-schooner " 'WuimUmt'' f\r\<\ found her in a very bad condition. She was lying on her bilge on a ifjvy^'J \A%f\\, partially emheddcd, and exposed to all weathers, and was conseuuently ^*'i-»il|ly di^preeiated in value since her seizure. Iter copper is much chafed, lu'r dwi i^^im are opened, through which water had leaked upon the steam-boiler, i-ngiu*', '^mi ww/hinery, all of which arc well nigh ruined. Sho cannot be brought away Iroai iH»iA^t»k% without repairs involving [128] 8 2 132 great pxpcnsc, atwl not at all before next summer can this be done. T vciily believe, from tlie inspection I then made, that it would cost over 6,000 dollars to take the " Thornton " from Ounalaska to Victoria aforesaid, the nearest port at which the repairs could he made, and put her in as good order and condition as she was in 7'lien seized. 10. That at the time of her seizure the " Thornton " was in good repair and condition and perfectly .seaworthy, excepting only that lier mainmast-head had been carried away during tht; voyage she then was on. 11. 'J'hat for and during the said voyage the " Thornton" was insured by Lloyd's underwriters in tin; siun of 1,200/. on the hull and machinery, and in the sum of 1,000/. on the outlit and cargo. 12. That hereto aimexed, marked (A), is a detailed Statement of the outfit of the "Thornton" for flic voyage on which she was seized as above set out, and all of which, excepting only what had been consumed in the regular course of tiic voyage, was on board the " Thornton " at the time of her seizure ; also of the amount of premiums paid by me for insnrancr upon the hull, machinery, outlit, and cargo of the " Thornton " during the said voyage, and also for wages paid by me to the hunters and crew of the; said ' Tliornton " of said voyage for the time of said voyage up to the said seizure. Also, a Sfat(!ment of t);e sums paid by me for passage money of the crew from San I'mneisco to Victoria, and passage money and expenses of the captain and mate at and from Sitka after their release to Victoria aforesaid. 13. That also in said Statcmient (A) are charged 403 seal-skins taken from the "Thornton" at the lime of seizure, and which, so appears from the lleport of the officers of the United States' steam-ship " Corwin," submitted to the Court at Sitka on the trial of the said captain and mate of the "Thornton," and the j)rice there (charged, namely, 7 dollars per skin, was the market value per skin at Victoria aforesaid, on or about the 1st October, A.i). 188G, when the said skins, had not such seizure taken place, would liave been placed on the market at Victoria. It. That the valiu; ])laced upon the various articles and groups of articles iu the outfit mentioned in Exhibit (A) is the actual cost of the said articles at the city of Victoria aforesaid at tiie time of their purchase in the spring of 1880. IT). That hereto annexed, marked (U), is a Statement showing the number of s(!al-skins taken by each one of thirteen scaling-schooners in and about Bebring's Sea during the season of 1880. The said Statement is based upon the lleport of the Inspector of Fisheries for the Province of British Columbia for the ^car 1880, as I'ontaincd in tlu; Hej)ort of the Minister of Marino and Eishorics for Canada for said year at pp. 218 and 210. The schooners " Carolina," " Onward," and said steam-schooner "Thornton" were seized on the 1st and 2nd August of said year when tli(! scalini; season was not half over, and the schooners " Mary Taylor," "Mountain Chief," " Piusllcr," and "Kate" wcro nnt iu Behring's Sea during the seasi)!! of 18S(), sf» that in (lalculating the aveiage catch f.)r the IJohring's Sea fleet, the euteh of tbi; si.'vrn above-nicntioned schooners was not nu;luded. With on(^ or two cxcei)tions tli(! tbirtcf-n sealing-sehoonera, mentioned in Exhibit (H), left Bebrlntt's Sea, or the best fishing grounds therein, bmg before tiic end of the said season, as ti!"ir masters fcaicd sciziiri! hy tlie United States' authorities, and the said average catch, so found by lixliibit (Hj, is therefore fully 500 less than it otherwise would have been. 10 That li(!ret«) annexed, marked (C), is a Statement of the amount of legal ex])enses p.iid and incurred by mo at Sitka and elsewhere, and also of the amount of ray pi-rsonal exjK'nses in(!urred by reason of the said seizure. 17. 'J'iiat hereto annexed, marked (D), is a Statement showing Ibo estimated loss ineuvred by nie as oivner of the said "Thornton," by reason of the said seizure and detention, and of the seizure and detention of tho seal-skins then on boanl the "Tlioniliin," and llie breaking up of tho said seoling voyage. Also, tho estimated loss ineurrcfl by me dnrinu the present year by reason of the non-release of the " Thornton;" and in \iew of the fact tliat it is now too lato to put tho "Thornton" in repair and con- dition ff) engage in next year's business, tho estimated loss for next year. And I verily believe tliat the said estimates of the losses incurred by mo by reason (.f the seizure and detention of tho said " Thornton " for tho years 1880, 1887, and 188H, arc fair and reasonable estimates, and rather under than over the actual losses so sustained. 18. 'I'hat tJH! estimated loss of 5,000 dollars for each of tho years 1887 and 1888, by reason of the seizure and detention of tho " Thornton," is based upon an avera|{ii enlch of 2,380 Hcal-skins valued at 6 dol. BO o. per skin, tho market value at Victon* for the present season, deducting from tho gross value tlmreof tho cost of outfit and 133 amount cf ihv wages of hunters and crew, based on the " Thornton's " voyaije of A.D. 1886. 19. That during and since the year 188G 7 per cent, per annum was, and now is, tlic minimum rnte at which money for ordinary commercial purposrss could be obtained at tb(! city of Victoria aforesaid, and that hereto aunoscd, miukcd (E), is an estimate of the principal sums on ^\hich interest is claimed at the rate of 7 per cent, per annum, and the time for which it is so claimed. And I, .fames ])ouglas AVarren afon>sai(l, make this solemn declaration, coriseicn- tiously believing the same to be true, and l)y virtue of the Act respecting' extra-judicial oatiis. Deelari'd and afTirmcd before nic at tlie city of Ottawa, in the county of Uaricton, this 2.')Ui day of November, A.i). 1887, and certified under my official soal. (Signed) .T. 1). WARllEN. (Seal.) (Signed) D. B. MacTavisu, Notary Public. Exhibit (A). Vuluc of 8tcam-suliooiicr "Thornton" at time of seizure by Ui-ited Rtntns* Bt .. 403 seal-skins, at 7 dollars . . . . . . . . Total, Exhibit (A) Personal expenses of owner . . . , . . • . l.rgal expenses . . . . . . . . . . . Total, Exhibit (C) Balance on estimated seal catch for 1886 . . . . . . Estimated loss to owner by detention of the " Thornton " during 1887 .. .. •• •• •• Estimated loss on same grounds fur 1888 .. .. .. Total, Exhibit (D) Total amount of claim .. .. .. Dol. c. 6,000 00 3,533 07 1,370 00 Dol. c. 377 10 2,821 00 14,101 23 1,000 00 1,250 00 2,250 00 13.846 00 5,000 00 5,000 00 23,846 00 40,107 23 Memorandum. Tf the owner of the " Thornton " is indemnified for balance ol" <;stiraatGd seal catch for year 1880, there should ho deducted from tlie total claim the sum of :),:57l) dol. 68 c. included in Exliihit (A) for outfit, which would neci ssarily have been roiisumed in the prosecution of tho voyage, and including the bi. i of 1,370 dollars p;ii(l in waives, as per Exliihit (F). Total claim Value consumed on voyage Net claim (Si^cd) Pol. c. .. 10,1'J7 23 3,370 58 .. 30,817 05 D. B. MacTAVISH, Notary Public. Exhibit (E). — Msttmath ol' th(> principal sums on which interest at 7 per cent, per annum in claimed, and the time for which interest is so claimed. Dol. c. VaJHo of " 'riioriitdii's " estimated full ciitch for IHHC. namely. 2,381 skinB, at 7 diillars per skin, rnmi the Ut October. 1886, when the catch would have been realiii'd on .. ., .. .. .. 10,007 00 Actual rash outlay lor legal an! other neeesjary expenses incurred by reason of tho Huixuro bcl'u'o tL ■. lit October, ItlBO ,, .. . . 500 00 Total prineipnl on viliich interest .'s clairaud (incc tho iRt October, 188U, to date (if payment of claim .. .. .. .. .. 17.107 00 Estimated valueof till' "Tliorni^n" ealeU for 1887, lc«» co»l of outfit mid «iiges of crew mid liutilers, on which interest at 7 p'T cent, per aiiuiiiu , is elalined from the Itt Uetuber, 1887, ou or about whicli dutu the eatch would be realized on. to date of payment .. .. .• 5,01)0 00 If tho cloiin for 1887 be not allowed, then interi'sl ii eliiimcd on the value of the "Thornton ' at V )Hir cent, per annum Ituui the Ut October. • A.D. 1880, to time of puymeut.t .. ,. .. .. tl.OOO 00 (Signed) J). 13, MacTAVISU, Notary Public. 1^6 Exhibit (F).— Details of items of "Thornton's " outfit consumed during the course of full sealing and fishinj; voyage. Grcceries .. .. Ammunition . . . . Dry goods Ship chandclry . . . . Insurance premiums Wages of crew nnil hunters C tons snlt , . , . 18 tons coal Items. Total value consumed (Signed) Dol. c. MS 37 340 20 . • • • • • 4VI 88 278 64 S9I ■i;i i,;i7>) 00 90 00 I2r) 00 .. 3,37'J 5« D. B. MaoTAVISH, Notiiri/ Public. No. 88. Sir L, West to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received .lanuanj l(i.) My Lord, Washinijion, Januari) 't, 1888. WITH reference to my despatches of the 2iid April last and of tlio (jth May, I have the honour to inform your Lordship that I am advised that the case of the American sealing-sehooner " Sierra " will probably be dismissed, on the ground that the Captain of the Revenue cruizer was acting under the instructions of tlie Government, and that tlie plaintitf therefore would have to apply to Congress. I have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVir^Li-: WEST. No. 89. Colonial Office to Foreign Office, — (Received .January 16.) Sir, Downing Street, .January 14, 1888. WITH reference to the letter from this T3epartment of the 2fith ultimo, relating to the seizure of Canadian sealing-schooncrs in Behring's Sea, I am directed by Secretary Sir Henry Holland to transmit to you, to be laid before the Marquis of Salisbury, a copy of a despatch from the Governor-General of Canada, inclosiiiu; an approved Re[)()rt of a Committee of his Privy Council, submitting a revised statement of tiie loss sustained in the case of tl)e scliooner " Onward." 1 am, &c. (Signed) JOHN BRAMSTON. Inclosure 1 in No. 81). The Marquis of Lansdowne to Sir II. Holland. Sir, Government House, Ottawa, December 2.*), 188". WITH reference to your despatch of tho 14th September last, directing iittention to the magnitude of the claims for compensation prepared by tlie owiirrs of the British seaiing-vessels sci'-.cd ir. Behring's Sea by United States' Revenue cruizers, and to my despatcli of t!,i' 'Jnd instant, I liave the honour to forward lierewitli. for transiiiission to tlie Unite.l States' Government, a copy of an ajiproved Report of ,. ('ommittec of the Privy CouU'iil, submitting a revised statement of the loss sustained in the '.'use of the schooner " (t.nvard." You will observe that my Minister of Marine and Fislicries considers that the claim now made is not unreasonable. I have, &c. (Signed) LANSIJOWNi;. IneloHurc 2 in No. 81). Report of a Comuiittee of the Honourable the Privy Council for Caiiiiilti. iippioiiil hy hin Excellency ihc (tovernor-dcneral in Council, Dnfmber 20, I.S^7. TlIK Committee of tho Privy Council have hud under consideration a despatcli, dntcil the Hth September, 1887, from the Right Honourable the Secretary of Slate for the Colonies, on the suliject of the seizure of British scaling-vcssels in Behring's Sea by lliiitod States' Revenue cruizers, and directing attention to certain claims for eompcn'mtion ngoinBt the United States' Government, I'Uc .Minister of Maiiiie aii referred to in this dei4|)atch were sent back to tlie owners of the xetscls for icvi>i()ii. In ihe f;iseti of two of these, the "Thornton" and "C'arohna," a full and (letailtil r vi ed st.itcnient of the losses lias ah'cudv been suhuiittcd, and ho (the Ministiij nuIjuuIs licicAn'h a revised sfutonient of the loss to the owners of the schocner " Onward " on aceoinl ol the seizure of said vessel. This claim the Minister consiilcis to Ik; a rcasonahle oiu'. The Connnittee reeonmicnd llial \our ICxeelleney he moved to forward tlie claim Iicreiii ncntioned to the RiL;ht lIoiioiuai)l(! tlie Sceretary of State I'or the Colonies for transmission to the United States' Govcrnnieiit, All which is respectfullv subniitted for vour Ivxeellenev's approval. ■ (Signed; " JOHN J. Mi.UEE, Cleric, Frifji Council, Canada. Inclosuie .'i in No. 8'J, Declaration of Jnnic.'t Doiit/las fVarren. City of Ottawa, Province of Ontario, Doininiou of Canada. I, JAIMI'S DOUGLAS WARRliN, of the city of Victoria, in the Province of liritisli t'olniiibia of the Dominion of Canada, master mariner and ship-owner, do solemnly iiiid sincerely declare as follows : — 1. 'J,"hat I am the duly authorized ajrent of Charles Spring, merchant, of the said city of Victoria, and owner of tfce liereinaltcr-mcntioned schooner " Onward." 2. That the said schooner " Onward " is a British vessel of about 94 tons burden, builder's measurement, and at the time of her seizure, as hereinafter set out, was, and now is, registered at the port of Victoria aforesaid. .'{. 'J'liat about the lOtli day of June, a.u. 1886, the said schooner "Onward" sailed lioin the west coast of Vancouver Island, iiaving previously cleared at the port of Victoria afo'csiid, on and for a full-season hunting and fishing voyage in tlie North Pacitic Ocean and ISi'liring's Hea. I. That on and for said voyage the crew of the "Onward" consisted of Daniel iMonioe, of \ietoria alorcsnid, master; John Margotieh, of the same place, mate; and twenty .sailors and hunters; all of whom were on board the "Onward' at the time of her s^ci/.ure hereinaller mentioned. !j. That on the morning of the 2nd .\ngust, A.n. l^iSO, wiiile in s.iid Hehring's Sea, in iiortii latitude C>\" IVJ' and west longitude 107 C)C)\ and about (iS miles from Ounalaska IsliMid, the nearest land, huvfnlly, as 1 verily believe, |mrs'iiiig the dhjects of her said \(iynge, the "Onward" was seized hy llw^ United States' stiam-ihip ''('orwin," and talu;'.', in tow of .'•aid "Corwin" to Ounalaska, in the Territory of Alasl^a, oi the United Stuti;s of .Viiierica, Inning then on board -lOO seal-skins. (i. 'J'hat upon the said " Corwin's " arrival at Ounalaska uluresaid with the said "Onward," the "Onward " was, by order of the United Stat'>" authorities thereat, stripped (It her sails and ontlit, the skins on board taken out, her master, the said Daniel Monroe, i'liil inate, the said .John Margotieh, placed under arrest, and her voyage completely liiukeu up. 7. 'rhal the said master and mate, Daniel Monroe and John Margotieh, w( le ly the Slid United States' authorities taken to Silka. in the salil Territory of Al.ska, there to be liiid on a eliarne of having violated the laws of the United States n speetiiig .--eal lishing in ilie waters of Alaska. On arrival at Sitka the said master and mate wcie lioiiiid over to iippear tor trial on said charge, and were (ai or ahoul the I si of tlu; month ol' Sepleailier following so trieil, found guilty, and sentenced- the master, Daniel Moiiror, to pay a tine ol TidU dollars, the mate, .lohn .Margotieh, to pay a line of ."00 dollars, and each to be imprisoned for the space of thirty days, which impii-oMiiient they suffered. S. 'J'hat hereto unnextd, inaikcd " (.\)," is a slalciiu'iit ol the articles eompii-ing the nut'lt of the "Onward" at the time of her (lipavi„!e on said voyage, and the value tlicieof, all of which were on hoard the "Onward" at the time ol her said sci/urc, I'.Mepting only what hud been consumed in the oidinary course and prosecution of the voyage; also ol the amount paid lor insurance on said voyage, also the amount of wages paid the crew and bunleis on said voyage also the amount paid for lines and cxiniises of the master and mute in returning to Victoria from Sitka atU'r llu'ir release, and also of the laniiher and value of the seal-skins on board the " Onward" at the time of lur sii/urc, laid which were taken from the "Onward" at Ounalaska hy the United States' aatliorilics. !). That the prices charged for the various ailieles and groups of articles comprising [I2S] T 188' the outfit of the "Onward " on and for said voyage are tlie rcsniar market prices nf tiie said articles at Victoria aforesaid at the time of their purciiasc for use on said voyage. The price charged in said statement for the seal-skins on i)oard the " Onward " whi.i seized, namely, 7 dollars per skin, was the market price per skin at Victoria aforesaid it the close of the sealing season of 188G, when the catch of the "'Onward," liad not suih seizure taken place, would have been placed on the market. 10. That the value of the schooner " Onward," as given in Kxliiliit (A), namely, 4,000 dollars, is a fair and reasonable value for the said seliooncr at tlie time of her seizure ; slie was then, and had always been, kept in tirst class order and condition, and was always a staunch, seaworthy vessel, and for the said voyage had been refitted witli new sails and sailing gear. 1 1 . That hereto annexed, marked " B," is a statement of the catcii of thirteen sealing- vesseis, in and about Beliring's Sea, during the season of 1880 ; tin; siiid slatoiricnt is compiled from the Report of the Inspector of Fisheries for the I'rovinee of Jiritisli Columbia for the year 1880, as contained in the Report of the Department of Fislieries for Canada for tiiat year at pp. 248 and 24!), and from personal knowledge of the facts therein set out, I verily believe the said statement to be substantially true and correct. The fiteam-sehooner " Tlioriiton," the schooners "Carolena" and " Onward," meaning the "Onward" herein mentioned, were seized on the 1st and 2n'i August, 1880, in Ikhiing's Sea, at the beginning of the best sealing period ; and the schooners " Mary Taylor," " Mountain Chief," " Rustler," and "Kate" were not in Heluing's Sea dming the season of 1886, so in estimating the average catch per vessel in Ikhriiig's Sea for 1880, the catch of the above-named seven vessels is not included in Kxhibit (15) ; all of the thirteen vessels named in Exhibit (B), with only one or two exceptions, left Bchring's Sea long before the end of the sealing season of 1886, because of the seizures which had been made by the United States' steam-ship "Corwin," fearing to remain lest they also should be seized ; by reason of such departure from tiie said sea, or the best sealing grotmds therein, before the close of the season, I verily believe that the catch per vessel, as found in Exhibit (B), namely, 2,.^81 seal-skins, is fully ijOO less than it would have l)ecn had the said vessels remained the full season in said sea. 1-. That hereto aimexcd, marked " (C)," is a statement of the legal expenses incurred at Sitka and elsewhere by reason of the said seizure of the "Onward," the arrest and imprisonment of the said master and mate, and the claims arising therclroru, and also of the personal expenses of the said owner and said agent in the same connection. \i). That the Exhibit (D), hereto annexed, is a statement of the estimated loss and damage resulting to the owner of the " Onward" by reason of her seizure and detention in A.D. 1880, A.I). 1S87, and A.n. 1888. The estimated loss for the year 1880 is based upon tiie average catch per vessel, as found in l''xhibit (B), less llie number of skins on board the " Onward " when seized, the balance being valued at " dollars per skin, the price per skin at Victoria at the close of the se.ison 18^0. 'i"he claim for a.d. 1887 and A.D. 1888 is l)M8ed upon tlie same average catch as for a.d. 18*^0, valued at ">dol. ")0 e. per skin, which was the; nuirket value per skin at Victoria albrisaid at the close of the season 1887, after deducting therefrom the cost of outfit and wages of crew and hunters for each year, based on llie " Onward's" said voyage of a.d. 1880. 'J'lie said claim of .'),(J0() dollars for each of said years a.d. 1887 and a.d. 1888 is a fair and reasonable estimate of the earnings of the " ()nwai(l " in hunting and fishing for the said years. 14. That I'jxbibit (1'^), hereto annexed, is a statement of the principal sums on wliicii interest at 7 "<'r cent, per annum is claimed, and the tinu; lor which said interest is so claimed. At uiie lime when the catch of the "Onward" for 1880 would have, in the ordinary coinse of events, been realized on, namely, on or about the Ist October in said year, the minimum rate of interest on money for commercial purposes was, lins since continued to be, and now is, 7 per cent, per annum IT). That hereto annexed, marked "(I"')," ii a statement of tho articles, and the value tliereof, as given in Exhibit (.\) of the " Onward's " outOt 0' said \ oyagc- of 1 880, inchidini: insurance premiums and wages, which would ncces/arily lie wholly, or almost wholly, consumed in the course of a full sea.sou's hunting and tisl'ing, siu h as contcmpluled by the "Onward" in ISHO. HI. Thai on the 1.3th day of .Fuly last past I was ut Oundnska aforesaid, and \v;is then on bmud of the said .schooner " Onward." She was thc'i lying side-to on a giavcl beach, in the harbour at Ounalaska, partially embeddci in tli'* gravel, and generally in a very bad condition, llci' standing rigging was much weather-beaten, also her deck niid bide-seams weie in a very bad state, the long exposure ami ;..ver(! frosts of the previous winter having broken out Ihe pitch, and, judging from their npiiearanco, they wero very leaky From what 1 then saw of the condition of the "Onward," I verily believe that she eoiikl 330 not l)c floated and put i:i a tit utatc for sea without extensive rei)airs, which at Oiinaiaska, where there is neitlier the re()iiiHitc worliiiieii nor material, would involve very large expenditure, and that to float the Haid " Onward," take her to Victoria aforesaid, the nearest port where the requiKitc (aeilitins exist, and where she could be repaired and ictilted at leasi cost, and then; repair and refit her, would cost at least 4,500 dollars. And I, Douglas Warien aiorexaid, make this solemn declaration, conscientiously helievin!;' the same to be true, and by virtue of the "Act respecting Extra-judicial Oatiis." (Signed) J. D. WARREN. Declared and alfirmed hefor.' me at the city of Ottawa, in the County ofCarleton, in til' Province of Ontario, this 'Jtli day of J)ecernber, a.». 18S7, and certified under my odicial seal. (Signed) I). O'CoNXOli, Notary Public for Ontario. Exhibit (A). V;iluc of the scliconi r " Oiiwiml ' at llic tinii' of licr kcIziuu Outfit- (jrocorlcs ., ,. ,, ,, AnininiiilioM ,, ,, .. Dry i^iiiiiU .. !Slii|) clKinrili ly ,, ,, Four slint ;;iiii'i ., ., .. Tlirce inm n:it' r tiitiltK ., ,. .. Foiirtt'i'ii \\at<'i'-iMhli»,, ., ,. Nine canoes and oLitiit ,. .. .. Suit . . . . . . . . C'unl . . . , . , Cooking stove and nterikil* . , Clirononiet'T, M.xlurit, mill two flan .. .. Three extra rijinpauM'H .. Sundries . . . , , . . . . , Insmnnce preniiiiiii aiid mrvey on hull Wajfos paid lo liunlirH ami cr'W fiif V'iya;{e ,, ., Fines and ixpeiinh ol' eaptaifi and mate trom Sitliii to Vieloriii lOO peali-kins on Imard, at 7 doll.irn per fkin,. Dol. e. 1)(.I. c. • 4,000 00 ITo 70 19 07 OS 2"> . ■2r,\ j9 01 00 o7 00 '![ 00 . . 11") .00 .")2 57 l.i SO 140 00 '21 00 07 OH 1,778 09 2G0 00 • • 1,820 00 liter ivlfiise. 200 00 ■ • • « 2.S(I0 00 'IVitul, Kxliil)il(A)., (Signed) D, O'CoNNon, Notary P.iblir (Signed) .. 10,.S.J8 (i'J J. 1). WARREN. Hxliibit (15). — NuMnEU of Sea'-hkins taken by eaeli of the following thirteen Scaling-vessels during the year i«Nii, in ard about the Iiehring's Sea, most of tiie said vessels leaving the Sea before the end of tin; ttaid Season fearing seizure : — Ve»iKnii. Srill-skil I'allifind.r Mary llllen ThcreKi .. I'aviirilc ,, lllaek lliamond AIIp d AilaaiH AeliM' ., t!ily ol' Sinliaj{o Silvia Ilandv Ddpliin ..' Anna lleik (iriiee ,, W. I'. Siiywnrd Totiil palrli , , AvernKO |ier TOMfl 1 .700 ■1,250 2,025 2,:125 1,700 2,405 2,275 1,020 1,587 2,001 1,400 2,550 2,725 30,055 2,;)8l (Signed) [12SJ (Signed) l>, O'CoNNOit, Notary Puhlic, .1. D. WARREN. T 1.' im Exhibit (C). I rg.il cxpi nscs at Sitl.:i in (•(.nnrcaion with tlic seizure" iil' the " Omviud " CouiiM'l and ollur lc;;;il lies iiiid i x])i'iiscs in nt»\ iiUout tlio toiziiit! (if tlic "Onward,' ;ind tlic (■^lilM^ i\ri>in;^ tlicriuiuU'r, cxrhisivo i>{ tlic alxivo .'JOO dolliir.H .. Pirso lal cxl)cll^c.>l oilier llian tlic almvc in tlic same coiiiiccliou Total .. (SiglH-d) (Signed) Dol. c. , , 500 (10 the IVO , , 7('0 0(1 • • '2J0 (lO .. l.-.no 00 J. 1). wAiuu:x D, O'Co.VNOii, Xolnii/ Public. Exhibit (\)). — Ksti.mati;d Damaues arising I'mm the Seizure and Detention of the Scliooiier "( )n\vard," based on tlie average Catch per Ves!^el Coi' 18'^(), as ^ivci in Exhibit (H). I ..I. c. Avi lOji.' calch Bcal ., .. ,, .. .. 2,.'>"<1 Less niimlur on laiard at scizme, and cliai>rcd in Isxhihit !A) . 100 Balance, at 7 dollars per skin Hcasiiiiahlc and pru'iali'c profit on operations Tir the year Ins" •'<)nHaid'' not h-iiij; iclcasi d, and not availalilo to iM'j;a^'i' in next yeai's oiii'ialioDS, rcasoniible and prohab'e priifit lor li-!;s 1,',181 = l:!,S(;7 r.o ■'i.noo 00 0,000 00 (Si-iined) total. IMiihit (D) (Signed) D. ( )'COX\OI!, iVo/«/'^ PHhlic. i:\M'<'i 00 J. D. WAUliilN. Exliiljjt (K). — KsTiMATt: of the Principal Sums on which Interest at 7 i)er cent, pur atniinn is cliiinicd, and tho'l'imc fur wliich interest is so ehiiined. 1),,1. c. Value of llic •• (liiward's '■ estimated ealcli for 1 SSii. namely. ■J.'isl sliins, at 7 dollars per shin, I'roin the 1st day of Octohcr, A.ii. tH8(i, wln'ii the catch uiiiild li;>.ve heeii nalizi'd on .. ,. ., .. 10,i'ili7 00 A'tual outlay for le^'al and other necessary expenses inciiired hy r"ason of the seizure of liie " Onward " lierorc the 1st Oetolicr, 18K0.". .. .■jOO 00 Total principal on which interest is claimed IVoni October A. f ISSO, to diiti? of payment of claim . . .. ,. .. .. Msiimaled Value of " ( )nward's " cateh for 18S7 (Ic^s co>t of out fit and w.i^es of Clew anil hunters) on which interest at 7 p"r cent. peraiiMi:m is claiined from the Ut Octoher, A.i), 1S87, on or aliont which dat" the riilch would he realized on, to date of jnymeut .. If claim for 1887 be no! allowed, tlicii interest is claimeii on the value of the ••Onward" (rem the 1st October, a.t). 1880, to date of ]iaymeiit 17,107 00 1,1100 III) 1.000 (10 (Si|ined) (Signed) I), O'Conn'ok, Notary Public. .]. 1). WAllRKV. Exliiliit (Ft- ^'.>l.l K lit Articles of " Onward's" Ontlit, wliieli vvmiM have iicen wholly or ahi.ost uhoily consumed on a full llimlin^' and I'ishiiio- Trip. Dol. c. rirocericH . , , , , , , , , , ,\minunilioii . , , , , , , , , , , , l)iyn.ii)d« Ship chandlerv . . Salt .. ' .. f:..al .. \Vm;os.. In-iiianei pn luinms , , , , . , , , , , ■170 70 10 07 08 L'i) Sol .')'.! ■ <'l .57 i;i 8(1 1 ,8'.)0 00 ■JCO 00 ., '-',0")") 08 .1. I). WARHKN. Total consumption duvinn voyage. . (Signed) (Signed) I), OX-'owon, Notanj Public. Memo. if the full elaim for the sealino; fseuson of 188(), as set out in Exhii)it (li), ha allowed, then the lunount of this Kxhibit, 2,905 dol. !»8 e. will properly appear iis ii credit, and bu deducted from the tolul of Exhibit (A), of which it forms part. 141 No. 90. Cnloiiiiil Office to FoycUjH Office. — (Rcceirrd Jnninni/ 23.) Sir Douuitxj ShyH, .Jnuiiiiri/ 2:\ l^SP. I ,\M (liie'cUc! by tl'.c Scorctiiiy 'if Sliitc for tlic Colonics to transmit to you, to be laid lit'tbrc the M;ir;iiiis ofS.iHsljury, with rrtiMTiicc to previous corrcspoiidcncc, coiiics of two (icspiitcl'.cs Iro-ii tl'.c Ijovcriior-Ccneral ol' C'iinadn, forwardiu:? stilcmcnts ot clai.r.s for losses -tisiiiiiicii hy ccrtiiiii liritish v(ss;ls engaged in the ndiriiiii's Pea -i':d tisiicry. I ani to rc(iiicsi il.al ilicc ciainiS may he pie.-eiitcd to the Uiiircd States' Oovcnureiit -hdiild I OKI Sahshiiiy see no ohjoction tlicreto. I am to re(|iiost ihat the sid)-inelosurcs in these cicspalchcs, whiei; arc sent in original, mav he ri turned. I am, &:c. (Signed) .1011 N BllAM.^TON. Mr, Cove (Ictai '.vhiel !i'(iin (ea^( ctliei eiai Inciosni'c 1 in No. 00. Tlif Mtir(jiiis of LnnsdoiniP lo Sir II. Ilolliiiid. (iorcrmncnl Iloiifc, Olliura, .Jiinuurij 4, 1888, I II.WK t' e iionnnr to transmit to you, for prcs-.i'.tatioii to the United States' niniint, a copy of an aj)i)roved .Minute of the Privy Council of Canada, suhniittin^n a ltd statement of the eluim of the owner and agent ol the seiiooner " ravorite," 1 \cs>ei was, on the 'Jiid AuE;ust, \^H{), while sealing in Behring's 8ea, about OS miles laiu!, ordered hy tlic United States' stcanier "Corwin," under ihieut of seizure, to o])erations and leave the Behring's Sea forlhuilii. Y( u will oiiseiM- that the cireumstanees eonuec:ted with this claim differ from all the s, inasmuch as no actual seizure was eU'eeted, hut my Minister of Marine and l.""islieries ilers that the c^hiim tor loss of the fishing season is not umeasonable. I have, &c. (Signed) LANSDOWNi:, Inclosure :i in No. DO. iiij.i'ii lit' a Coiiiiuillcc of the Ilonoiirfilile the Print Council for Canada, approved In/ hi I'lvcelleiin/ the (jovemor-Generul in Council on the 30/// December, 18^7. Fi O.'s i; llcport dated the IHth l)e( 18>i7, from the Minister of Marine and ell. subuutl'm. detailed stalement ol the claim of the owner and airent of the ;ivorile,'' which vessel was, on the "Jnd dav of August, 188(), while sealing m the liihiing's Sea. not lar from whcr(! the schooner " tJnward "' was seized the; same day, north latirude V(° '.Vl', west longitude l(ir° ■');")', about ()8 miles from li United Stiitcs' stt ■ Cor WUK •r threat of seizure, to e( md, ordered l)y onerafions and leave the Behring's Si a forthwith. The Minister leprc-ents that the circuniHtances connected with this claim diH'er from ill! the others, inasmuch as no actual seizure was ett'ected, but the Minister believes the claim for loss o( tin? fishing season to be reasonable. file Minister reeonunends >that it be torwurdcd to Her Majesty's Government for |iiesentatioii to the (Jovernnieiit of the United States. The Committee advise that your Uxeellency be moved to forward the claim herein nil iitioned 10 the Right llonomable the Secretary of Stale for the Colonies, for transmis- sii.ii to the United Staii-s' Government. All which is respeclfully submitted for your l',.\ccllcncv's approval. (Signed) ■ JOHN J. McGKi;. Clerk, Prim Council. Inclosure ,'} in No. DO. Declaration of James Douglas iVarren. City of Ottawa, Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada, I, JAMI'.H DOUGLAS WAltllKN, of the city of Victoria, in the IVovinrc of British CiiUuiihia of the Dominion of Cnnadii, muster mariner and ship-owner, do solenndy and HiKHU'lv declare as follows: — 142 !. I am t\u'. 'loly aiitJiorizrd agent of Charles Sprincr, merchant, of Victoria aforesaid, the oViiKt o t\u'. ittrri-iwifUr nK ntioned scliooner " Favorite." 2. Thni i\i4i »/'>KO(uT " Kiivorife " herein referred to is a IJritisli vessel of 80 tons, icgifcterc'l at i,';*? \tfirl ai Victoria at'orcsaid, and was so registered at the time of tlit- occuniitfA', Utrri'imfUrr ma out, iiarncly, on tiic? 1st and L'nd days of August, a.d. 1886. y. 'Hfat iowurih tht end of the month of May A.n. 188G, after iiaving been duly cleared at the |x;rt oi Vl/lofia aforcsai,!, for that purpose, the said scliooner " I'avorite" sailed on and for a full *4fi*iitt'n hnnti'iic and fisliing in tiie North Pacific Ocean and Bilirin<;'s Sea. 4. 'ntiii ttu arid (or snid voyai,'e tlie crew of the said "Favorite" consisted of AlcxaiKkr Mi'ijttitu, tii Vif:toria aforesaid, master, a mate, and twenty-thrtc sailors and liunt,uu4': i,u *m\(\ voyage the " Favorite" carried twenty hunters and ten canoes. The Rchooii' r " Sy-.try VAUu," of Victoria aforesaid, on a similar voyage the same season, with U\'U'/n Unt'Ait* and five sealing-boats, not seeing or hearing of the said seizures, and ivutniuii.x in fh'- »ru fdl or about the close of the sealing season, caught 4,2.")tj «eal'skiijk, Th" aMoal catch of the "Favorite" for said season was only ;{,;}'i.'), thouirh she had oiKMhiH lumc huiiter.s than the said '"Mary Kllen," and equally as good, if not better, thanwi* of «J(fa U,y lf,«; tfin(,u of IHfO, is a lair and reasonable estimate for the catch of the "Favoiit*;'' tU^tt yiar, had she bad not bien interfered with as above set out. h. '/lat th<; umtkif price pei- seal-hkin at Victoria at the cli.se of the season of 188(i VIM 7 dol'arfc, affd tfie arnount claimed as the value of I,0ti0 skins lust to the owner of the "Favorilft" hy fa on of her so leaviu"; tli IJehring's Hea is 7,000 dollars, iloresaid, make this solemn declaration, con- true, and by virtue of the " Act respcctiiif; Aini I, ,fa,„(it I)oiiglas Wan''!! mei)ti<;u*ly l/"(i'tifti' tlie same to be Ji)ttra-jui)y of an SJpprovid .Minute o( the I'rivy Council ot (Canada, embodying a Report of my Jtiiiii-l<'r oi M/.riti" (ifid ri-hcries, submitting detailed ,»fid " Ada," seized in tiie ilchring's Sea during the present season for the alk(£<(J off'.'MX' of illegally capturing seals. 143 'I'Ik; Minister, you will' observe, is of opinion tliat the claims submitted are rcaxonable, and rccotiitin-nds that they be presented to the United States' Government. I have, &c. (Signed) LANSDOWNE. 3' north, 58' uortli, 38' north, Inclosnve 5 in No. 90. livjiort of II ('.omiiiitlre of the Honourable the Privy Council for Canada, approved by kin liirrllrncy Ihr Governor-General in Council on the 30th Dereinher, 1887, ON a Report dated the lOtli December, 1887, from tlic Minister of Marine and ri-licrics, Kiii)iiiittinjf dctailfd statements of the claims of tlie owners and a;^<;ntK of tlio l()li(jwin!< v('ss(.'ls seized in the Ik-liring's Sea during tlie present season by United Mtatcn' itvcniie ves.eU, for tiie alleged oifence of illegally capturing seals: — 1. Schooner " W, 1'. Sayward," seized the 9th July, 1887, latitude 54' 43' north, ioii'^itude 107" .')]' west, .08 miles from nearest land; '2, Steam-schooner "Grace," seized the 17th July, 1887, latitude oii lonjjitiide Hlfe" 40' west, 92 miles from nearest land; .'(.Schooner "Anna Bceli," seized the 2nd July, 1887, latitude 54" longitude l(i7 'JO' west, 0(5 miles from nearest land ; ■1. Steam-s(;hooner '"Dolphin," seized the 12th July, 1SS7, latitude .04 longitude 1(17" .T west, 42 miles from nearest land ; ,'). Schooner "Alfred Adams," seized the 6th August, 1887, latitude o4^48' north, lni);:itii!i(r 1()7''49' west, 62 miles from nearest land ; 'i. Sclio(mcr "Ada," seized the 'J.Oth August, 1887, about 1,0 miles tiortliward Iroai (Junalaska Island, which was the nearest land ; 'I'Ik; Minister represents that the circumstances connected with the seizure of lIu;*o vessels do not materially ditt'er from those attending the seizures of HSG, and for which (liiiiiis for the losses sustained have already been forwarded to Her Majesty'^ Guvennncnt, lor jiresentation to the Government of the United States. It niay, however, be maintained that the injustice of the seizures made ifi 1887 i» tiiijiliasized by the action of the United States' Government in orderinj; the release of the VTiibC'ls seizeil in !H8(i, and thus leading owners of the vessels forwhicii claims are no«r presented to liiirjy assume that, under similar circumstances, no further seizuren of ''aiiadian vessels in I'chring's Sea would be eflected by the United States' Government, The Minister believes that the claims submitted herewith, the particulars of whicli, Hi far as possible, are attested to, are reasonable, and recommends that they l)e forwdrderl to Her Majesty's (iovermnent, for presentation to the Government of the United StattH. ''.'lie Oommittee advise that your Excellency be moved to forward tiie claims herein iiiciiliiined to the Ki'^lit Honourable the Secretary of State for the Colonies, iov traHsndHxion to tiu; United States' (Jovernmcnt. All which is r(.'spcctfully submitted for vour Excellency's approval. (Signed) JOHN J. M. (iKi:, Clerk, Vriiy Cnuar/d. Inclosurc 6 in No. 90. Declaration oj James Douijlas Wiiic(iely declare as follows : — 1. 'I'hat I have been a resident of the said city of Victoria for the pa>t twerity-nino ywiis, and during that time I have been largely interested in the building, erjuipmcnt, and iiwiin^ement of steam nrirl sailing vessels. [ have also been engaged in the sealing and linliiiig hnsinesH at said city for the past fourteen or fittcen years. 'J. The Hleam-Hchootiers "Cirace" and "Dolphin," and the schooner " W. I', .Say- *artl," and the rebuilding and fitting with steam-power of the steam-sehooni'rs ' Anna ISi'ck " and "Thornton," all of which vessels have been seized in Hehring's Sea l»y tlio Uiittd States' authorities, were built and done for me, and under my personal direction, iiiid were each owned and managed by me fur some time after their completion, and are 144 now III HUi^cd by nc for llieii' respective owiut and ouiici-s 'I'Ik m;1iuqiioi.- ('':iii'.>lf«nii " " Favorite," "A If cil Adams," '-Ada," and ■' Diiward," all al-u seiiitd .i\t llf*»Uvirt!<'..< Soa by the United Stites' autiioritics, were caeli and all well known tv A»t« (i'-,rt^ rtorsonal kuovilcdue. From my interest in the lk'iirin:,''s Sea sealinu: l)usilu'»^^ i i\^i\y. rt^*^i.|f (ve|| posted on tiie mntioi and manner of the conditi;)i) and e(jni|i-.iu'nt of tlii- f,^h;i\\ 0(»-«o!^ jin': most of tiic laefs staled in tlie declarations of claim in the case of eu«ii rV(f fi^(»''(> veiiispis canx' nndcr my personal ohsc-rvation. The i^aid vessels, excepting ■ll^^f ■'•" |fh»>i'nton." "Onward," and '• Carolcna," wliieli arc at Ounalaska, are at Sitka, lu ftjlh' (l,rt^iH(»(f States' Tcnitory of Alaska. ;5. To brini; these vessels from Sitka to Victoria, a distance of abywt !V»''>' rt^ilc^, will involve a co«t of at least I .'iUO dollars to pm'cliase the neccssarv inaU'i;iMlf .irtV'l- fake them to Sitka, and to convey tiie necessary men to Sitka an^6nth>< or perhaps a few days less in tiie smiimer months, and a frw davo wvu- i^i fhe wintor months. 4. A full hunting and scaling: season beitiiis as early a> lUe 1st JmiviV',^ 'i^d' tip till the 1st -March, and extends theme until the end of Scptembi-r. This season is divided iiit) two parts, the coast season and the liulM;iv/-f !*(»,'i season, The coast season terminates about the end of .hin;', but '.('sscln iuUiU'iHvi; f(> to Hehrini;'s Sea jrcnerally leave the coast tishiii^ durinir the month of Mi>y., ii»!i(i|iv>' as thev go northward, and ixaching Jjcbrinj^'s Sea the end of .luix' or bcginiuuirfVf .,;, | si^;,^ on each skill they ca])ture, receiving Ironi 2 to '21 dollars per skin. 'J'lie miiaUiij- ;i(<(. lyenerallv paid partly in wages and partly in the same manner as the lu.nters. The only vessel in the Ik'hring's Sea in cither of the seasons of J •fe^>^'/ fbat made a reasonably full catch ot seals was the schooner " Mary Jilleu." <.ff \\;V<|VM'iiv wliieh in the season of ISHti, took 4,2r)t] seal-skins. On and for said reason tAx' ••' ^;ji(tiv.^ grounds without being disturbed by the linited Stati's' authorities. ,\nd J btstinvi (i|^,,,( (i,^ ^;,j(| stcani-schooncrs "Grace Dolphin" and ".Anna Heck," and the said wiliovi^Htr'' \X' P. Say- ward," which were the ber-t ctpiippcd vessels for scaling that had ever ouUiW^J ('i!,,* lHehrin'''j Sea, would have, if not seized or disturbctl by the L'nited Stales' awHitv'i'Hii'ii, t^inde fin ('fjually large catch in said years f'bli and 1887, there being no lea-iuM AM^i^ fhev should not do so. (). 'i'lic master.-; of the stcam-scliooncr "Thornton " and schooner ■(<)>uyW(1'," and the mate of the schooner "Carolcna," after their arrival at Sitka as pl•i^ri^llerJ~ iv fili** hitter iKut of Augii'^t, eiiteieti into an agreeincnt with one Clarke, a coun.sellor-i«LHlik\> {y^. sjt,i. Declaration of J'l/twt />//«/////.« Wnrren. City of Ottawa, Province of Ontario, Domiuiojj A ii^ (M.y of Victoria, in the Province of Biitisli Columbia of the Dominion of Canada. u»t*t*rt tntifiMT and ship-owner, do solemnly and sincerely declare as follows : — 1 . 7 hat J am the duly authorized a^ent, t/, said " W. P. Sayward " entered Behring's Sea, having then on board, as Ijv tlw; nt^/rtf. <4 the master sent to me, 479 seal- skins, all taken on the voyage from N'ictoria Ut i'Mft'w/* >#» >((,yy thick, and no sealing was done by thc'"W. P. Sayward." 6. On the 9th day of said .luly, the " W, V. ^^mf(\ " then being in latitude 54° 43' north and longitude 1(j7° 51' west, and about fi'^ imp^^ tit^tn f)iinalaska Island, the nearest land, and lawfully pursuing the objects of h«*»' 'i'^n-if, wa* seized by the United States' steam-ship " Richard Rush," and taken to l)l«><>ie*, t^^t in Sitka, in the said Territory of Alaska, in charge of an oHicer frijni said " Ri'biir^i Ufi*U," tfigofhcr with ;dl her crew. 7. Upon arrival at Sitka the " W. P. ^\)ti4t4" was handed over to United States' Marshal Atkins, the master and mate of the " W. )', Jt^yward," the said George E. Ferey and Andrew Uaing, were taken before a Jiid:z<^ )m4 htmt\<\ over to appear for trial on the 22nd day of August then instant, a.id from day *// tU^ thereafter, on a charge of having violated tl:e laws of the United S'ates relatluj! Ui t!t>%t4\*\>\riremiums paid for insurance of the hull, outfit, and cargo of said schooner .s a.1 ^/Uim'i^ aforesaid, for such purposes as the "W. P. Sayward" was designed and used, |lJJ^J>^4iwf(►^y (■iffore going on said voyage she was thoroughly repaired and retittcd, and, at tl*e Uum (A S^i neizure, was in first-class order [128] U 146 and condition. Besides the outfit mentioned ia Exhibit (A), there was on board the " W. P. Saywaid," when ^iiz('nlar;:», tliis 0th day of December, a.d. 1887, and ccrtiliod under my official •ml. (Signed) I), O'Connor, Notary Public. 147 ExhiLif, (A). Vnliic of the Hcliooncr " VV. P. Saywnrd " at the time of hei- se hy United Slates' oteani-ahip " Richard Rush " on the '.Hli A.D. 1«87 Value of " W. P. Sav.vard's " outfit on said voyage — Oi oceries . . . . . , . . . , Ammunition .. ,. Dry pnodH Two iron tankH , . . , . , AVater-casks .. .. ,, .. ., Ship rhiindlcry Four No, 10 shot guns .. .. .. 'I' wo rifles . . . . , . Gun implements and tooln ,. ,. ,. One Hcnlinfj-boat (returned) . . . , Nine canoes and outfitK , , . , . . . , fl tons salt .. .. •. .. 5 tons eoal . . , . . . Cooking range and utcnails . . . . Insurance — Premium on 1,000/. on hull, 84/. 6». Sil. Premium on 2,000/. on cargo, 105/. 13s. 4 00 , , 101 40 , , KiO 00 , , 46 00 • # y 00 • • , , , , .01 « 00 , , 120 00 3,0 00 , , 75 00 410 70 614 69 100 00 160 00 265 00 2,288 68 925 29 1,437 76 606 00 2,634 60 13,791 13 (Signed) (Signed) D. O'Connor, Notary Public. J. D. WARREN. Exhibit (G). Del. c. I,egal expenses at Sitka in connection with the seizure of the "W. P. Snyward" .. .. .. .. .. 100 00 Counfi'l ami other legal fees and expense.'* in and about the claims arising from said seixuru ,. .. ,. .• .. 760 00 Personnl i xpenses of the owner in connection with said seizure and claims .. .. .. .. .. .. ., W) 00 (Signed) I'otal, Exhibit (C) (Signed) U, O'Connor, Notary Public. 1,100 00 J. D. WARREN. Exhibit (I)). — Da.maoes arising Crom the Seizure and Detention of the "W. V. Saywurd," during the SeuHoii ot 1887, based upon her reasonable and prubablu Catch of Seals for that Season. Dul, c, Kstimoted catch of seal-akina , , . . . . . . . . 3,600 Less on board at leir.ure . . , . , , . . . . 4 79 Balance, ot 6 dol. 60 0, per skin .. ., 3,i;2l Uitu to owners of " W. P. Saywnrd " by reason of licr detention ofli-r tho close of the scaling season of 1HH7, namely, for tho months of October, November, and December, A.B. 18H7, and January, a. n, 18HM, wlien the " W. P, Bay ward," if in owner's ponsesKion, w(mld have been engaged in coasting trade. Four months, at ilUO dollars per month , . . . If owner not put in possession of " W. P. Siiywnrd" on or before the 1st February, IH88, so that she may be put in order and ( oiulilion to cngagn in flshing and liuntiiig voyogo for Reason of I HHtt, reasonable and probable profit for the leoion of IH8B .. .. in.ais 50 1,200 00 e.oou uo [128] V 2 148 Exhibit (E). — Estimate of the Principal Sums on which Interest is claimed at 7 per cent, per annum, and the Time for which it is so claimed. Dol. c. Value of the estimated catcli of tlie " \V. I'. Sayward " for Beasoi\ of 1 887, from the 1st (by of October. A.n. 1887, when said catch ivoiild have lieen realized on,' viz., 3,500 skins, at a rtol. 50 c. per skin .. .. .. 16,280 00 Actual outlay for le^al and oti'.er expenses on account of said seizure prior to the 1st October, 1887 .. .. .. .. .. .. 005 10 Total principal on ivhicb interest at 7 per cent, per annum from flic l"t October, 1887, is claimed .. (Signed) (Signed) D. O'Connor, Notary Public. 10,855 10 ]. U. WAIIREN. Exhibit (F).— Valub of estimated Consumption of Articles of "W. P. Sayward's" Outfit on a full Voyage. Groceries . . . . . . . . , , . . Ammunition . . . , . . . , . , Dry poods .... . , . . , . Ship chandlery . . . , , , , . . . Salt Conl . , . , . . . . . . . . Wages . . . . , , . . , , Insurance premiums . . . . . , . , . . Dol. c, 856 07 202 76 95 75 101 4U 120 00 35 00 1,437 75 926 29 Total conaumptiou 3,774 02 .1. D. WARREN. (Signed) (Signed) D. O'CONKOn, Notary Public. Memo. If the full claim for the season of 18S7, as set out in Exhibit (D), be allowed, then the amount of this exhibit, 3,774 dol, (')'2 c, will properly appear as u credit, and be deducted from the total of Exhibit (A), of which it forms a part. Inclosure 8 in No. 90. Declaration of James Douglas IVarreti. City of Ottawa, Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada. I, JAMES DOUCiLAS WARHKN, of the city of Victoria, in the Province of British Columbia of tiin Dominion of Canada, ittastcr mariner and ship-owner, do solemnly uiul sincerely declare as follows : — I. That 1 am the d\ily authorized agent of Thomas II, Coopir, of the city of Sun Francisco, in the State of California, one of tin- United Htates of America, the owner of th(! hereinaftpr-mentioned steam-schooner "Grace," by power of attorney bearing date the 4th day of February, A.l>. 1880. '2, That the said 'I'homas II. Cooper is, I am informed and do verily believe, u Hiitisli subject by birth, and never having renounced his allegiaiicp to the Sovereign of (!rcut Britain. 3. That the said Bteam-seliooiier "Ciraee " is a UriliHh vessel built at Victoria afore- said, in A,i). IHSl, imd duly registered at the port of Victoiia aforesaid. Hy builder's measurement the "Grace" is about IK tons burden. She is substantially and strongly built, eoppi-r fjvstened throughout, and in •>. n, 1885 her bottom and sides to about hail- load-liiu' were coppered. Her steam |iower consists of one larye boiler. com|>oun() en^-inen, and nil meessiiry liftings, iiuiluding inside surface condenser, steam fire pumps and liogu, and also bad on boind a double steam cargo winch. 4. The said " (irace " was duly lici'nsed as a passenger l)out, and had all the appiiaiire* ■nd conveniences remiired by Cunadiaii law for such vess*;!*. 5. That as sueii auent as aforesaid. I am the sole manager of the laid utciiia* schooner " Grace " lor the said Thomas II. Cooper. 149 f). Ttmt on or about the 23rd day of April, a.o. 1887, liaving previously duly cleared tlicidor ;it the port of Victoria aforesaid, the said steam-schootier "(irace" sailed from Victoria on and for a full season hunting and fishing voyage in the North Pacific Ocean and Ik'hring's Sea. On said voyage the crew of the " Grace " consisted of William Petit, ()t Victoria aforesaid, master, a mate, and twenty-nine sailors and hunters. 7. That on the 6th or 7th day of July following' tlie " Grace " entered the Belnin^''s Sea along the 172nd west meridian, thr()iii;ii tiie Anioughta Pass, commonly (•alied the " 172iid Pass,'' having then on hoard 458 seals taken while on the voyage from Victoria aforesaid to the said pass. 8. 'I'hiit on the 12th day of said July, a.d. 1887, the " Grace " began scaling in m\i\ l5ehrint;V Sea, anii fr^^m thcu till she was sci/ed as hereinafter set out tsauglit .'i23 seals. On the !7th day of the '^aid month of July the United States' stcani-ship "Richard Rush" seized tlic said stcam-schoont ■• "firace" for allefred violation of tiie laws of the United States cf America respecting seal-fishing in the waters of Alaska. At the time of said seizure the '■ Grace" was in north latitude I'tH" 3' and west longitude 108° 10', then being about 92 iniies from Ouiialaska Island, the nearest land, and, as I verily believe, lawfully pui suing the objects of said voyage. !). Tlie " (irace " after being seizx-d was taken to Ounnlaska, in the Territory of Alaska, wlicix- l)y order of the United States' authorities thereat, all the seal-skins on board, except us lu'riiiiaftcr stated, were taken out aiul stored at Ounalaska, and all the firearms and anniiunitiou taken on board tiic said " Richard Rush." On removing the seal-skins twelve \v(iv missing. Five were afterwards discovered on board the " (Jraee" and not removed, tiie rcniiiining seven were not, so far as I know, ever found. JO. After removal from the " Grace" of the said seal-skins as stated in the preceding piungraph S, a United States' officer was placed on bnard the " Grace," and she was, in cliaige of said officer, taken to !iitku, in the 'lerrltory of Alaska, together with all the crew and himtcrs. ()i\ arrival at Sitka on the l>t August United States' Marshal Atkins took charge of the " Grace," The master, the said VVilliant Petit, was bound over to appear for trial on tlie 22nd day of August then instant, on a charge then preferred against him of liaving violate(' the laws of the United States respecting aenl-fishing in the waters of Alaska. The id master so appeared for trial on the 2'Jnd instant, and thereafter day by day unlil lb ' !)th day of September next following, when, without having been brought to trial on such a charge or any other charge whatevei', he was unconditionally released. 1 1. That liereto annexed, marked " (A)," is a statement of the value of said steam- schooner "Grace" at the time of h.;r seizure, and of the outfit then on board, also of the preniiunis paid for insurance on the hull, outfit, and cargo of the "Cirace" for and during 8niir seal-skiii dialed in Kxhibit (A), namely, C dol. .'lO e. per skin for the scaUskins on lioiird the "Grace" when seiz il and taken out at Ounalaska was the iimri»ct price at Victoria at the close of the sealing season ol \>*^7, when the eatdi ol the "(irace" lor that suiisou, lu the ordinary course of events, would have been placed on the tiiurket. IT). That hereto annexed, marked " (C)," iRUHtalomeiitof tho legal expense« incurred "* Sitktt und elsowliere by reason of tliu seizure of the "(iracu' and the arrest of the ISO captain, and the claims arising; therefrom, and also of the personal expenses connected therewith. If). Tliat hereto annexed, marked " (D)," is a statement of the amounts claimed by the owner of the ?teninschooner " Grace " by reason of her seizure and detention during the season of 1887, and of the loss arising from the detention of the said "Grace" after the close of said season. 17. The estimated catcii by the " Grace" for the season of 1887, namely, 4,200 seal- skins, is based upon a reasonable and probable catch per boat or canoe lor that season. Exeprience in sealing has proved that the greater number of boats or canoes, or both, carried by any one sealing-vessel, the smaller the averaije per canoe or boat, and it is in view of this that the average per canoe for the " Grace " is put at 300 per canoe, while the average for the steam-schooner " Anna Beck " for the same season is placed at 350 the latter carrying eight canoes and one boat, while tlie former carried twelve canoes and two boats. The said average catch of 300 seal-skins per canoe and boat for the " Grace " is a fair average catch, and 1 verily believe that, had the " Grace " not been seized as aforesaid, her catch for the season of 1887 would have exccede'J the said number of 4,200 seal-skins. 18. That during the months of October, No'ember, and December, a.d. 1887, and January, a.d. 1888, had the "Grace" been in possession of her owner, she would have been engaged in the coasting trade between the various portu of British Columbia. The estimated loss per month of 50^ ) dollars for each of said months is a fair and reasonable estimate of the earnings of the said steam-schooner "Grace" for the said months of October, November, December, and January, after deducting Mie cost of wages and ordinary running expenses, and I verily believe that tho" Grace" would have earned the said sum per month had slio been in her owner's pdssrssion. 19. That in order to engage iu the hunting and fishing of next year, namely, A.D. 1888, and in view of the fact that the "Grace" will require the usual overhauling and fitting out before being sent on so long a voyage, the latest date at which it will be [jossibic to begin necessary repairs and refitting, and have them completed in order to eave at or about the usual date on said hunting and fishing voyage, will be on or about the 1st day of February, a.u, 1888. If the "Grace "be not delivered to the owners at Victoria on or before that date, it will be too late to repair and refit her for a full season hunting and fishing voya;^c, which begins on or aljout the 1st March of each year. During the summer months, for a vessel of the class and equipment of the " Grace," there is vciy little to do in and about the roasting trade, and the season in the event of the " Grace " not being in the possession of her owner on or before the 1st February, A.B. 1H88, would be ])iaetically lost to her owner. The claim for loss if detained beyond the 1st February aforesaid is a (air mid reasonable estimate of the loss which will in such cases be sustained by the owner of the " Grace." 20. That hereto annexed, marked " (K)," is an estimate of the principal sums on which interest at 7 per cent, per annum is claimed, and the time for which it is so claimed. On the 1st day of October, A.D. 1887, when the catch of the " Grace" would have been, in the ordmary course of events, realized on, the minimum rate of interest on money for commercial purposes at the said city of Victoria was, has since continued to be, and now is, 7 per cent, per nunuui. 21. 'I'iiaf hereto annexed, marked "(F)," is a statement of the articles, and groups of arlicU'H, and tiie value thereof, from Kxhibit (A), which would have been wholly, or almost wholly, consumed in the course and prosecution of the said voyage, had not the "Grace" been (seized and detained ns aforesaid. And I, James Douglas Warren aforesaid, moke this solemn declaration, conBcientionsly believing the same to be true, and by virtue of the " Act respecting £xtra-judicial Oaths." (Signed) J. D. WAPKEN. Declared and affirmed b«-fore me at the city of Ottawa, in the County of Carieton, In the Province of Ontario, this 9th day of December, A.D. 1887, and certified under niy official seal. (Signed) I). O'CoNNon. Notary Puhlic/or Ontario. 161 Exhibit (A). Value of the steam-schooner '* Grace " ut the time of her seizure . , Outtit— Groceries . . . , . , . . . . . . Ammunition ., ., .. .. Dry goods . , . . . . . , , , Three iron water-tanks . . Water-casks. . Ship chandlery Tw(>lve No. 10 shot guns Three rifles . . . . . . . . One small cannim on carriage lor signalling Gun implements and toils Two sealing boats and outfits . . Twelve canoes and outfits 8^ tuns of salt iilJ tons of coal . , , . . . , . Cooking raugc and utensils Insurance — Premium on 2,000/. insurance on hull „ „ „ outfit and cargo . , Wages paid crew and huntiTs on voyage up to time of seimre . . Fares from Sitka to Victoii.i of mtister and live of the cn.'w, and master's expenses at Sitka . . . , . , . . 781 seal-skins on hoard the "tinice" when seized, at .'< dol. .'jO c. per skin Total, Exhibit (A) Dol. c. Dot. c. 12,000 00 ^48 13 166 63 i7r- 17 66 CO 25 00 161 18 180 00 77 .^0 .')() 01) 10 50 249 r,j 684 00 127 aa 231 00 100 00 3,653 18 821 10 5M 5!) 1,.J35 2,164 99 25 200 00 4,295 50 23,648 02 (Signed) (Signed) D. O'Connor, Notary Public. J. D. WARREN Exhibit (C). Legal expenses at Sitka in connection with the seizure of the '* Grace " and arrest of master . . . . . , Counsi'l and other legal foes and expenses in and about tlie seizure of the " (irace," anil other claims arising thereunder Persuuul expenses in the same connection ToUl (Signed) (Signed) 1). O'CoNNOU, Notary Public. Dol. c. 100 00 750 00 250 00 1,100 on .1. D. WARREN. Exhil)it (D). — Estimated Loss uiid Dimage to the Owner ot the " Gmco," by reason of licr Seizure und J)ctentiun, during a.u. 1887. Dol, e. Ileiironable and probable viiteli of seais for the season of 1H87 .. I,2llil Less number on board when seized, and ehargcd in Kxliihit (A) . 781 Balance at 5 dol. 50 u. per skin . . Keasonablc earnings of •'Grooe'' during months of Oe.toher, November, ami Deeernlior 1887, ami January 1888, had she been in owner'r possession, viz., four months at 500 dollars each .. .. .. .. .. Ktiimaled lots for sealing season of 1888, if "Groeo" uut in poiseision oi o'vuer on or buforo Ut Kobruury, 1888 . , Total .. 3.419 = 18,801 50 2,000 00 7,000 00 (Signed) (Signed) D. O'CoNNOll, Notary Public. 27,804 50 J. D. WARREN. 162 Exhibit (E). — Estimate of the principal Minis on wliich Interest at 7 per cent, per annum is claimed, and the Time (or which swell Interest is so claimed. Value of tliu "Grace's" estimated oalcli of seals for 1887, from the Ist October, A.n. 1887, on or before which date tlic nM catch would have been realized on, viz., 4,200 skins at .'J dol. .OO c. per skin . . C.'aBli expended for legal and other expenses ou account ot such seizure up to said date . . . ■ • • . . • • D(;l. C. ■2.1,100 00 :!00 00 Total principal on which interest is claimed at 7 per cent, per annum from 1st October to date of payment , , , , •i3,-IOO 00 (Signed) (Signed) D. O'Connor, Notary Public. .1. D. WARREN. Exhibit (F). — Valuk of the Articles of the "Grace's" Outfit which would htve been uholly, or almost wholly consumed, on a full hunting and fishing voyage. Groceries , . Ammunition Dry ({oods Ship chandlery , . Salt . . Coal . . Wa;:es . . Insurance premiums Total value consumed .. Dol. 0. yi8 13 160 63 276 17 ini 18 127 50 231 00 2,164 25 1,335 09 5,110 85 (Signed) .1. D. WARREN. (Sic;ned) D. O'Connor, Notarij Puhlk. Memo. If the full claim for the season of 1887, as set out in Exhibit (D) he allowed, then the amount of this Exhibit, .5,410 dol. 8!) c, will properly appear as a credit, and be deducted from the total of Exhibit (A) of which it forms a part. Inclosure 9 in No. !(0. Dpclarntion of James Douglas Warrrn. the Province o( City of Ottawn, Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada. I, .lAMKS DOUGLAS WARREN, of the city of Victmia, in t Hritish Colunihia of the Dominion of Canada, master mariiicr and ship-owner, do solemnly and sincerely declare as follows : — 1. That 1 am the duly authorized agent of Thomas H. Cooper, of the city of Sun Francisco, in the State of California, one of the United States of America, engineer, by Kower of attorney bearing date the 4th day of November, a.u. IHHO, the owner of the ercinafter-mentioncd stcam-schodncr " .Anna neck." 2. That the said Thomas II. Cooper is, as I am informed and verily believe, a British subject by birth, and has never renounced his allcf^ianco to the Hovereign of Great Britain. 3. That the said steam-schooner " Anna Beck " is a British vessel since A.n. 1872, when she was transferred by |iurcha.-;e lioni the Registry of the port of San Francisco aforesaid to that of Victoria aforesaid, and has since remained on the Registry of the port of Victoria. In 188.S the ".\iinaBeck" was rebuilt and raised, and in the winter of 1380-81 she was lilted up with steum-propellor, and all the niachinety and appliances necessary for such a purpose. The cost of said steam-power and rebuilding was over 8,000 dollars. 4. That a-, agent, as aforesaid, of the said Thomas II. Cooper, I am the sole manager of the said .steaui-sehooncr "Anna Beck." .'). That on the 'Jlst Marcb. a.». 1887, the said "Anna Beck" sailed from Victoria, having previoiisly cleurcd lor thai purpose, on a lull scavMiV hunting and lisliing voyage in the North Pacific Ocean and Behring's Sea. On or almut the '.'.''ith dav of May then next following the "Anna Beck" sailed from the west coast of \'ancouver Island for Behriny's Sea. On and lor said voyage to Behring's Sen the crew of " Anna Heck " consisted ol ^5?, Louis Olsci), ol till' said city of Victoria, niiister; Michael Kccfe, of tlic siimu |)lacc', mate; and twcnty-oiic sailor.-s and luinli.r-i, with one sialing-boat and eight canoes, and a complete outfit lor a foil voviitfc of liinitinir and tisliins; in Hehring's Sea. (;, That on ;.I uUout the 'J^T^ 21)' went, then being about 0(! miles from the nearest land, and lawfidly eiijiaged in the object »* of wiid voyage, the "Anna Beck" was seized by the United States' slcam-iai(l at the time of their |Hiir|iiiHe (iir the use and purposes of said voy.ige, and the price ]ier skin charged for the seal-skins taken from the '■ Anna Reek" when seized is the market price per skin current at \ ictoria aforesaid at the close of the season of 1887, wiien, in the m'dinary course ol events, the catch of the " Anna Reek " would have been |t'aceil on said market. 11. That hereto aimexed, m ul(ed "(<')," is a slateiik'iit of the legal .uid personal (Xpeiii'is at Sitka and elsifwhere arising out of' tlu; seizure and dclenlion ol I he '' .Anna IV'ck." the arrest of her niasU'C and mate, and the claims arising therefrom. 12. That heri'to anuexi'd, niaike. 1H8M. The esliiimted catch of seals for the scisoii of I^h7. niimely, .'<,!.'»<), i'* calcMilatcd ujioii an average catch per boat and per canoe III' .'i')!) seals, which is a fair and reasonable c itimalc of the probable (latch pi'r boat and licrtauoe I'oi' the bout and each of the caiiNcs of the s lid '• Anna Reck " during the season of 18S7. I't. After the close of th<' Healing m-uhuii of IiL'ho<>Dcr " Anna Heck •• at time of neizure In- Unitcfl StffltM' 8teiiin-8h!i) ' Richan Hush " on 2nd Ji ly.- A.D. 1S87 .. ^ ^ , , , , 8,000 00 Vkluc of ■• Anna Beek'i " outat- Oroeeriei . . • • , , , , 876 42 Amtniinition 242 60 Dry guodii . . , , • • 95 79 Four iron tank* , , , , , , 82 00 Caakt , , J , , , 10 00 8bip chandlery , , , , , , 24U 06 Four No, 10 ahot guno , , • • 160 00 Two riflcii , . ^ ^ , , • • 4fl 00 Oun imnlementH nnd tools One iriiling-boot and outfit 9 00 , , , , , , 140 50 Kiglit ciiiiocH and outfit , , , , , , 456 00 R toiM Halt , . . , , , 100 00 2ti torn coal. , 176 00 Cooking range and utenails •• '• ■• 7u 00 2,727 .14 loiurancu — Premium on 1,400/. on hull (118/. U. 4rf.) , . an 98 „ '.',000/. on outfit (10,W. 13.. 4rf.) , , , , 514 69 1,089 57 WagGi paid cn-w und hunters up to time of seiiuru ,, , , 1,111 50 Passage and i-xpciisoB of captain i nd mnte from Sitka, and Nixtvcn of the crew of the "Anno Berk " froTn Fort Simpson to Victoria , , , , t • . , 460 64 384 seal-skins on board ihc " Anua Ueok ' ' ut timu ol seiiuro, nt 8 dol. fiU c, per skin . . •• •• •• •• 1,8117 00 ToUl, Exhibit (A) (Signed) 16,223 95 J. D. WARREN. (Signed) D. O'Connor, Notary Public. Exhibit (C). Li'ijal expcasc's nt Sitka in connection with the seizure of the "Anna Beck". Cdiiii^i'I mill ot)ier l(;;ul feoK and expenseN in and about the claims arising from sniil sciziii'i' .. .. .. .. .. .. j'oisonal expenses of the owner in connection with said seiiure and claims .. Tolnl (Signed) (Signed) D. O'Connor, Notary Public. Dol. c. 100 00 750 00 250 00 1.100 00 J. D. WARREN. Exhibit (I)). — Damages arising from the Seizure and Detention of the "Anna Beck" (luring flic season 1887, based upon her reasonable and probable Catch of Seals for that season. Dol. c. Kstinmted catch .. .. .. .. ,.3,1511 Less skiiiH on board when scixed , , . . . . . . 334 Balance at S dol. 50 c. per skin . . . . lA>m to owner of " Anna Beck " by reason of her detention after the close of the sealing season of 1887, nniiiely, for the iiumths of October, Noveniher, and December, a, u. 1H87, and .lunuary 1888, during wliieh time the "Anna Beck," if in owner's possession, would have been engnged in coasting trade : four months at 500 dolliirs , . If owner not |iut in possession of " Anna Ucck " on or before Ist Fehniiiry, a. d. 1888, so that she may bo put in order and con- dition to engage in fishing and hunting voyage for 1888. reasonable and probable profit for the season of 1888 2,816 = 1.5,488 00 2,000 00 (Signed) (Signed) U. O'CoNNOU, Notary Public. 6,000 00 D. WARREN. Exhibit (E). — Kstimatk of the Principal Sums on which Interest, at 7 per cent, per annum, is claimed, and the Time for which said Interest is so claimed. Value hf "Anna Beck's" estimated catch of seals for 1887, about which date said catch would have been realized on, namely, 3,150 seal-skins at 5 ilol. 50 c. , . . . .. , , , , Outlay for legal and other expenses prior to 1st October, 1887 . . 'I'otnl prinoipnl on which interest nt V per cent. |)cr annum is eluimed from Ist October, IH87. to date of jmymi'nt .. Dol. 17,32fi 00 560 64 (Signed) (Signed) 1). O'CoNNOK, Notari) Public. 17,R8J 54 J. D. WARREN. Exhibit (F). — Auticles of the "Anna Beck's " Outfit, and Value thereof, as found in Exhibit (A), whicii would have been wholly, or almost wholly, consumed on said Voyage hud it not been broken up. Dol. 0. (Jroceries . . . . . . , , . . . . , . 876 42 Ammunition . . . . , . . . . . . . . . 242 60 Dry goods . . . . . . , . . . . . , . 95 76 Slii|) chandlery . . . , . . . , . , . . , , 340 06 liip ehnudlery 8 tons suit 25 tons coil Insurance Wages,. (Signed) 'I'otnl value consumed .. .. (Signed) D, O'Connor, Notary Public. I'iO 00 17S 00 .. 1,089 67 1,111 60 .. 3,960 91 .1. D. WARREN. Memo. If the full claim tor the sealing season of 1887, aa set out in Exhibit (D), be illowcil, then the amount of this Exhibit, 3,950 dol. 91 c, will properly appear as a credit, ud be deducted from the total of Exhibit (A), of which it forms part. [128] X 2 106 Inclosurc 10 in No. 90. Di-darution of Javies Douglas Warren. City iif (tiUtmn, Vrw'tnrc <>( Ontario, Dominion of Canada. 1. JAMKH iJOl'fit-AH WARREN, of the city of Victoria, in the Province of Biitisl, 0)lun)lMa heT, a.v. J^MS. 2, 'Hiat the said Thomas H. Cooper is, as I am informed and do verily believe, a liriMt tuiijfci hy birt,h, and never liavin^ renounced his allei;iance to the Sovereign oi Great ttnUtUi. 'A. 'Vhni f h« S9id steam-schooner " Dolphin " is u British vessel, built at Victoria afore- iaid i« K,tt. \Hh'2, arifl duly registered at thv' port of Victoria aforesaid. By I)uilder's measure- lueiit th" " Dolphin " is 174 tons burden. She was suh.stantially built, coppered to above UgJtt vriief'lin*', and ropper-fastened when built, and had not up to the time of her seizure herei»;«(l<-r s<"t out sustained any damage or strain beyond ordinary wear and tear. Her »tiinm'\>4tmtrr «/n«i«ts of one larj^e steel boiler, put in during the winter of 1881-85, com- I»ou(id *^u(iUtt:* ttutl all the necessary fittings, including inside surface condenser, and also itUAUt im'f)uui[>n and hose, and a doubL steam cargo winch. 4, Th*; *h'u\ stcafn-sclmoner " Doipliin " was duly licensed as a passenger-boat, and luid all tl«/r applinriefs ami conveniences required by Canadian laws for such vessels. ft. That HM such agent as aforesaid, 1 am the sole manager of the steam-schooner " l)')it)tt'm " ffirihe. sairl Thomas H. Cooper. fi< That ofi the KJth day of May, A.u. 1887, having previously cleared at the port of VkU/na fm that purpose, the said " Dolphin " sailed from Victoria on and for a full ufdkdtu'tt ituuttna and fishing voyage in the North Pacific Ocean and Behring's Sea, and on aifl for «a<<> M;aU, taken while on the voyage up through the North Pacific Ocean from Viti//rtH HP/TfAHu] fo Amoughta Pass aforesaid. h. On the 9th day of said month of .luly the "Dolphin"' began catching seals in iie\iriu(^it H«», then being in north latitude ri4° 18', and west longitutle 168" 40', and from miii '.nU (iity ol July until the afternoon of the 12th day of said month of July the " Dol{iliiii " «»(ight twenty-eight seals in said Behring's Sea. V, 'n»al on the afternoon of the 12tli day of July, a.d. 1887, the United State*' tiUttUH'^Unt "Richard Rush" seized the said steam-schooner " Dolphin " while lawfully i)Unu'tU(i_ the. objects of said voyage, and then being in north latitude 54" 38', and west mtitiUni" M>7* 3', and about 42 miles from Ounalaska Island, the nrarest land, lor an a\U'iC''ii violation of the laws of the United States respecting seal-fishing in the waters of Mn^U'/t That when said seizure was made the " Dolphin " was lawlully pursuing; tin' ol>j<'/;t» of mii voyage. When the Commander of the said " Richard Rush " made tin khuI t*mttt: b« f/»ld me that his instructions were to seize everything he found in tlic sea, or wor^i* to tli«t efffcf. Ui, M^Art sdzure all the firearms and ammunition on board the " Dolphin " wen ihSwo trti tttmrd the said " Richard Rush," a Lieutenant IVom the latter placed on board tiu- " Dolphin," under whose eonniiand the " Dolphin " was taken to the Illoolook ilarboui at 0(in;>la*li»t lilaof', in the L'nited States' Territory of Ali ska. After arrival there the I'tih atit,-*k'nt% on ho;ird the '• Dolphin" were, by order of the United Stales' antlloritic^ tUnrisHt, lakc-n out and stored. About 2,000 lbs. of salt were also taken out, for resaltirigtln Mfal-»lvio*, On th<- 20th day of said July the " Dolphin " sailed from Illoolook Harbour on 0«jnab^^7. on « i:\mr%n then read over to uh of having violated the law of the United States ol m AiMcricft rcHpccting seal-fisliing in ' e waters of ALiska. We so appeared on the 22nd day ol .\ii;.Mist, for trial, and from day tt, day thercat'ter, for our trial on said charg(^ We 80 apii'iircd Ihorc-aftcr for trial day after day until tlie 9tli day of September following, when, without any trial on said charp;e or any other charge whatever, we were iineonditionaily rclciiHed. From our arrival at Sitka on the 31st July until the 10th day of AiJi^ust following, when we were taken before the Judge, no effort was made to restrain uk ' r in any way deprive us of liberty. The crew of the "Dolphin" lived on board her all the tinii' o( their slay at Sitka, and when leaving to return to Victoria by the Unil<:d States' Ht( aiii-sliip " Richard Rush " look from the " L' ilphin " sufficient provisionii and HUpplieo f(ir the trip. 12. That hereto annexed, marked " (A)," is a statement of the value of the uteain* ii( hdoiK-r " Dolphin " at the time of her said seizure ; also of the articles, and grouptt of arlicicH, comprisinj; her outfit on i' d for said voyage, all of which, excepting only what liiul licen consumed in the prosecution of the voyage, were on board at seizure, m well as (■oii-id( rabic extra supplies and stores not mentioned in Exhibit (A) ; also of the amount of preiiiiuniH |)aid for insurance on the hull, cargo, and outfit of the " Dolphin" for and rjurin^ said voyage ; also of the amount of wages paid to the crew and huntera of the " Dolphin " on said voyage up to the time of her seizure, and of the expenseK of the master :iml mate in returning to Victoria from Sitka; and also of the number and value of the s(iil-!.kins taken from the " Dol|)hin " wiien seized. I ''5. The value placed on the said steam-schooner " Dolphin" in Exhibit (A), namely, 12,000 (If)lJars, is based upon her original cost, the condition which she wa* in wtien yciy-vi}, and the value of vessels of her class and equipment at Victoria aforcwid. The fir;tl-clahs order and condition, having been specially repaired and n.filtijd for the voyiige she tlxMi was on. Her insurance value for 1887 was 12,500 dollar*, and mIic was iiihiind on and during said voyage for 2,000/. The said value, namely, 12,0(K) dollars, is a lair and reasonable value for the " Dolphin" when seized. 14, The prices charged for the articles, and groups of articles, in Exhibit (A), coin« prising the outfit of the " Dolphin," are the actual cost prices of the said articles, and groups of fiitieles, at the time of their purchase at Victoria for the purposes of said voyage. The l)ri(c |)er skin charged in Exhibit (A) for the seal-skins on board the " Dolphin " when tifizcd, namely, u dol. ,'50 c. per skin, was the market price at Victoria aforesaid at the close of the sealing season of 1887, and at which time the said seal-skins would have, had not such seizure taken place, been put upon the Victoria market. ITj. That hereto annexed, marked " (C)," is a statement of the legal expfinses incurred at Sitka and elsewhere, and also of personal expenses arising out of the Kcizurc of the ■ l'"lphiii," the arrest of the master and mate, and the claims relating thereto. I'i. That lixliibit (I)), hereto annexed, is a statement of the estimated loss and (iiiMiattc to the owner of the "Dolphin" by reason of her seizure and detention during A.n, 1H><7. The loss for 1887 is based upon a catch of 4,300 seals at the current price per M'al-Hkin at Victoria at the close of the season of 1887. The "Dolphin," on her voyage, carried thirteen canoes and two sealing-boats, and a crew of tbirty-one (tailors and hunters. Tlu! estimated caleii of 4,500 seals by the "Dolphin" for haid season is (iiicuiated on an average catch of 300 seals per boat and eaime for a full mt'dtum ; and I verily believe that said average catch per boat and per canoe for said tuauum in a fair and icasotudjle estimate for a full season's work. During the time the " Dolphin " was in llcining's Sea, befon; ca])ture, the weather was very unfavourable for seal-hunting, being liotli foggy and windy, and the catch for that period is no standard by whi<:li to judge of till! ordinary and average catch of the season. There are frequently, all through the season, days at a time when no seals at all are taken, and, on the contrary, I have known a single boat to take from thirty to fifty seals per day in fine weather. 17. After the close of tiie sealing season, and during the succeeding months of ()ctr)ber, November, December, and January, h id the " Dolphin " been ia her owner's posHcssion, she would have been engaged in the coasting trade between the various ports and freighting places on the coasts of British Columbia. During said months the fair and reasonable earnings of the " Dolphin," after deducting from the gross amount thereof the cost of wages and running expenses, would be at least oOO dollars per month. 18. The estimated loss for the season of 1688 is based upon the said average catch of 4,.')00 seal-iikins at the rate of i>^ dollars per skin, after deducting therefrom the cost of oiilfit, wages, and other necessary expensi's of a hunting and fishing voyage baNed. At the time when the catch ot the " Dolphin " for the season of iiSH" wowlhin '' in 1887. And I, .lames Douglas Warren aforesaid, make this solemn (kxiWr»«li*M^, ftonscien- tiously helievinK the same to be true, and bv virtue of the " Act resueo^^ivx ft^fra-iudicial Oaths." (Signed) i. U.. WAKKKN. Declared and affirmed before me at the city of Ottawa, in the CowMt\> (Vt ('lavleton, in the Province of Ontario, this 9th day of December, a.u. 1k87, and *t)irtii(|^ i>ttder my official seal, (.Signed) 1). O'Connor, Notary Public for OnUnio. Exhibit (A). Vnlue of steam-schooner " Dolphin " at the time of her seiture . Outlil— Orocei'ies . . , , . . . . . . Aroiimnition Ory goods. . Two iron watcr-t;inks W'iiter-c.isks Ship chandeh-y .. ., .. .. .. Twenty-thrcu shot guns . . . , Four riflfs. . . . . . One bomb.gnn for pignalliiig . . dun implements and tools . . . . . . Thirteen caiiouK and outfit One Becond-liMud boat (Jiie new boat (returned). tl tons salt. . , . . . ,. 1 1 tons coal Cooking riin);c and ntensiU .. .. .. liisiniinee— Premium on 2,0U0/, insurance on hull .. I'reiiiiiMii un 'i.OOU/. insurance on outKt and cargo Dol. f m. c. \i».im (W U«i W> 24U -ii :'2y at* S!6 W 06 W 'Mt Vi/ 920 W W W (iU W 10 &V 741 W 10 W 1»& W -.iS? w 70 W «i!l 4V OH iiV Wages paid crew and himters on voyage up to date of seizure . . , , Fares and ex])i'iiscs of master and mate, and fivo of crew, from Sitka *i> Victoria, H. (.'. .. .. ,. ., .. ,, tilB seal-skins on board " Dolphin " when seiied, at 5 dol. 00 e. per nkiu . . Total, Exhibit (A) ^.m' fi ii,*w.<(y mAm «* (!? ..uoj f ti WARRBN. (Signed) D. O'Connor, Notary Public. I.(f;:il ixpiiiMs lit Sitl<:i in I'Mjimiwu » av fl^^ j. j*ir^ ;ind rtetention of till- " Dolpliiii." and arrif' of inaMcr ti,i.1.— KsTiMATiii) Loss and Datuaj^tf in%\^ tr^vMH of tlie "Dolphin" by reason of her Seizure and Dt^UiUii'^t 4ttt'Mi'4 A-O. 1867. Del. t. luaso.al)lu and j)rol)al)le eateii of i-.-.l-hkui» <-. ftif ol^ ,, 9,HH2 = 21,a.jl 00 Reasonable earninRH of the •• Holpbiii " Huiiiij^ fArt M«Wf1\M of f >''fohf r. Novendur, and Decemlxr K.lt. Jhtl7. tw^l iir&'i*fy *.f>. »!<««. had •lie been iii ownei v [jOsreKeiou. vi«.. Ivw Mrt*flW, «« .WIO rtollarn per month .. ,, ^ , ,, ,, Kftiniaied loss (or ^ealln(; ■■'•asoii of !>)»!*, ^il ■* IWihvrt " n<-,t in posies- bIuii of owner on or bribre th« l».l i'VWvMMf, }*** . . . , ToUil (Signed) I). O'CoNNf^K. tV»Uf>^ t't^flif.. 2,000 00 ■ • 7,000 00 ,•50,351 00 .J. D. WARREN. Exhibit (E). — Estimate of tlie Priiicipai Su«i* cw^ #ff^;f> /nterest at 7 per cent, per annum is claimed, and tiie timf jtwr *>,i/;^ if, i^ so claimed. \alue of the estimated eateh of the "IhAj^kitf ' (tvf fbi^ ftfnutiXt ftf 1M7. from the Iwt Octocer, 18«7, aljout »iiM1^ «f of «aid seiiiire prior to the Ut Oelober, l***^" ,, ,, Totid prineipal on wliieli intCTent «t 7 ^n■/ 4 tiiMM Pol. c. 24,780 00 400 no (*«ned) (Signed) D. 0'CoNN<;i^, AV-«/y f'»hlk. J5,IS0 00 J. D. WARREN. Exhibit (F).— Value of the Articlei- of ik* ' i^A^f,'* " Outfit wiiieh would iiave beeti wliolly or almost wholly consumt^ vjj *i Jiwll hrmi^Tttt, and sealing voyage. (iroeericH Ammunition , . Dry goods Ship chandlery . . Salt . . Coal . . Wages . . Insurance premiums (Signed) Total value (uu.suuii:d ,, /, ,, (Wjitn«d) IJ. O'CoNNOK, fioU/ry VttMh. Dbl. c. 985 68 240 ■H 229 30 262 03 1S5 00 287 00 1,899 fiO i,.i;»5 9» . 5,.'!74 72 .J. D. WARREN. Memo. If the full claim for the seulinji season of \^S^ t >*■ *'♦ onf in Exhibit (D), be allowed, then the amount of this Exhibit, /),,'574 dol. VIk,; m\'i pTrtperly ajipenr as a ciedil, and be deducted from the total of Exhibit (A), of i^Mm^ A friyrrn a jiarf. HiO Iiiclosurc 1 1 ill No. '.Kl. Dedarnlion of James Douglas Warifii. City of Ottawa, Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada. I, JAMES DOIKILAS WARRRN, of the city of Victoriu, in the Province of British CoIuml)ifi of the Dominion of Canada, master mariner and sliip-owiier, y the said Gutman and Frank, which were so taken by the " Alfred Adams." 7. That hereto annexed, inai'ked " (H)." is an estimate of the loss claimed by the .-aid Gutman and Frank, as resulting to them by reason of the sfi/ure of the "Alfred .Adiuns," herein set out, and of the li'gal and personal expenses iiicwnvd by reason of said sci/iur and the claims arising therefrom. The price per .sivin cluui^id for the cstiniatcd eafrh ot the "Alfred Atlams *' for a full season, namely, idol. 50 e. per skin, was the current market, price per skin at Victoria at the elo.sc of the sealing season of 18^7. The catcii of the " Alfred Adunis " for said season is estimated from an average catch (ler canoe ot 360 seals, the " Alfred Adams " having on said voyage ten canoes. 8. That hereto ai.nexed, marked "(F)," is a statement of the principal sums on wliicli {ntcrcst at 7 per cent, per amiuiii is claimed, flic rate |)er cent., ami tlic time from ami I" which it is so elaitned. At the time when the catch ot the " AMicd .Adniiis" fur lln' season of 1887 would have been, in the ordinary course of events, ic ili/iil on, naiiielv, on or about the Jst October, a.d. 1887, the minimum rate of interest on money tor commercial purfioses at Victoria aforesaid was 7 ])er cent, per annum. And 1, .lames Douglas W.irrcn aforesaid, make this solemn (li'daration, ion- scientiouslv believing the same to be true, and by virtue of tlu; " .\ct respuetni!,' Extra-judicml Oaths," (Signed) J .') WARRF.X. Declared and aHirmcd before mc at the city of Ottawa, in the Coiuiy of Cnrletnimnd Province of Ontario, this !Hh day of December, a.d. 1887, and certitieU under my official •Ml. (Signed) I). O'Connor, Nolarii I'nblicfor OiUurio. 161 Exhibit (A). — Statement of tlie Articles, and tlie Value thereof, taken from ti.c iSehooner " Alfred Adams " by tiic United Slates' Stcam-sliip " Ricliard Rush," in bchring'8 Sea, the (5th August, 1887. I,.'186 Kcnl-iikiiiii, a'. 5 (!ol. SOc. pir skin .. ., .. .. 7,«2;) DO l''oiir ki(;H of povtclLT "t 10 dullars . . . . . . . . 40 00 son lilii'lls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . flO 00 Thru' c'Mkcs caps anJ ]>riimTS .. ,. .. .. .. (iO 00 NiiU! lircu'eh-loadin;; shot j^mu , , . . , . . , , . 440 00 One Winchester riJlo ,. .. .. ., .. .. 2!t 00 'rwrlvo Indian apiars . . ,. ., .. .. .. 4H00 Total value taken (Signed) (Signed) D. O'Connor, Notary Public. 8,'J0« 00 J. D. WARREN. Exhibit (B). — Loss to the Owner of the " Alfred Adams " by reason of her being forced to leave Hehring's Sea, and return to Victoria, British Columbia. Uol. c. HcaHonablp and probable catch of teals by the "Alfred Adams" for the season of 1887 .. ., ' ., .. .. 3,600 L" outfit given in said IC.vhibit, namely, 'J, .'■jOt) dollars, is less thai that nf any of tiie other seized vessels from t!i.' liict that the "Ada's" hunters were mostly Indians, whose canoes and outfits woe returned alter such seizure, and said outfit not includinp: wages. (*. The price charged for the seal-skins taken iVom the " Aila" when seized is tiic current market jiriee ol' seal-skins at Victoria at the close of the sealing season of 1H87. H). 'J hat the K.xhibit (('), hereto annexed, shows the legal and |)iTsonal expenses incurred by the owner of the "Ada" by reason of the seizure and detention '"f il;" said schooner " Ada," and the arrest and detention of the master and mate, I'.id the claims arising therelrom. 1 1. That lixhihil (D), hereto annexed, is a statement ol the estimated loss and daniagc to the owner of said schooner " Ada" by reason of her said sci/mc and delcnlion diirint; 1887, and the loss lor IHH8 it she is detained beyond the 1st February, lf'88. 1*2. The claim of 1,(JU() seal-skins as the probable aildilionui eateli ot tiio"Adii" for the balance ol the sealing season, had she nut been seized, is ii fair iii'd reusuiiabic estimate, and with her actual catch, making ,i total for the season of 2,87(i, which, ii* she carried two Iwiafs, si-vcn canoes, and twenty hmiteis, cannot be considered an (excessive pstinmte. 13, During the niuntlis ot October, November, Dccrcnibcr, and .January followin;: tlir (dose uf the sealing season, or the greater part thereof, had the "Ada" been in Iiit owner's possession, she would have been engaged in the general coasting and freightiiij! trade on and about the coasts of Ihilisli Columbia, and the fair luid reasonable earninz^ of the " Ada ' during said mimths, alter deducting from the gmss amouni iIkmcoI iln' cost of wages and inninng expenses, uuuld be iil least .'itlD d(dlais p( r monlb. II. In (asf ilie " Ada " be not dcli\ered into her owner's possession at Vietoriii (jii or belore the Isl day of l''ebruary, A.li, IH88, it will be impossible to give her llu' ncces.sary repaiis and refitting in time to start out at the usual (late, about the 1st Mmtii. on n full season's hunting and fishing. As during the summer months there is litdr coastinu and freiglitmg tratle in which the " Ada" could be en.plo\i:(l, her owner wunld, in the cvt nt ol her not b' io'j, ready in time for a regular bunting and fishing voyiii;i'i praetieally lose the greater part id the season, and the carninys of the " Ada " lor sucli lull season, alter dediiding therefrmn the cost (d outfit, wages, and nther ruiiinng expeiiiiOii, would be at least, nnder cirenmstanecs, (l,(J()l) dollars. I.''), That hen to annexed, marked " (10), ' is a stalemcni. of the primdpal sums on whirli interest a' 7 per cent, is idaimcd, and the lim( from and to wbieii it is so (daimed, M the cle e of tlu! scaliuu: season of lHH7, when the eateli ol tin.' " Ada," in the onlii.'ny couise of events, woidd lia\(' been realized mi, the minimum rate ol inlercHl on money lui eummercial purposes was, bus continued to be, and now is, 7 per ueiil. pi'r unnum. And 1, Jnmos Douglas Wiirien aforesaid, make this solemn (le(darulioii, conHcivntioiiiil} Ui.) liclifviiif,' the same to bu true, v.un i)v virtue of tlie " Act r(;,S|iectiiis; Fxtn-jiidiciiil Oatlib." (Signed) J. 1). WAKRKN. Declared and aflinned before me at tlie city ol Ottawa, in the County of Cnrlcton and Province of Ontario, tliis Otli day of Deficmber, a.i». 1887, and eertitied under my U. O'Connor, Notarii Public for Ontario. ofliciiil seal. (Signed) Exhibit (A). Vah-i of the Kcliodiii I " Ailii" lit tlio limy of litr Kiiziirc tiv the tliiilcd Stuti «' sUiiiM-slnp " fioai," til': '.'.'jlli AiiKii>.t, 1S87 . . Vuliio (if " AiliiV" iiiiiCit at ilii' «:iiii(' tiiiii- Villus nf si:il->kiiis on Ixiiiril ill. wiziur, vi/. , l,H7il mkIiik, iit fi iliil. Mr. |v r «l>''i ■ • •• . • .. rii8sni;i' iiiiil ixpi'iisv iif tiiii-.ti' ■ if " Ailii " from Hitkn lo Victnritt . . Dili. c. 7.(100 Oil •.',500 no lii.HIH no ion nil 'J'otul, Exhiliit (A) (Signed) nviiM 00 J. f). WAllKKV (Signed ) I). O'CoNiOli, i\uhi,ii I'lihlic Exhibit (C). U'^;al ••.\]K'ii.sc's lit SilUa ill <'oirii'i'''..ii vvitli Hniil scizuri' Cmiiisi'l mill otlici- k'(;nl fit'B anil I'xpoii'.i'H, cxcluHivr c.f tliii alKivc, in rcfrrpiico to the M'iziiri' anil rlainis arisiim tliiipfroiii . . , . . , ., Personal cxpcMSCs of th(! owner ill llio wiiiu! toiiiii'rlioii ,, .. ., (Signed) Total . . (Sit^ied) 1). O'CoNNoK, Noliirji I 'Mir. Dol. c, too 00 T.'iO 00 250 00 1,100 00 .1. U. WARUKN. Kxliibit (U). Kutimati'il aililiti'iiinl ratoli i.f si'iil-HkiiiM by Bchooncr " Ailii " liail hIh' ni,t liecn SI izeil, \ii'. ! 1.000 skins, at .'j ilol. .10 I-. ,. .. ., Loss til onniT iif " Atl.i" liy reuHou of her ilelculion ilurinn tlie nioiillis of Ootober, Niivi'iiilier, uud Ueoeiiiln'r A.n. 1SM7, anil Jiiiuiaiy 18HS, iliuiii){ wliii'ii she woiilil have heeii i'iinii(;eil in llie eoasliti)' Irade, namely, four niontlis, at .lOO ilnllais each [f owner not put in jioiKensinii of " Arlii" on or ticlbro tlio Ut Kebruiiry, 1HH8, HO thai Hlie niiiy lie fi'trd out for huiitiii|{ anil fiHliiti{ voyage of IHNH, leiiBouul'le anil proliiiMi' prufit ou bcihoii of 18HH llol e. .5,.')Oo 00 •J,000 00 li.ooo on (.Signed) Totnl, Kxh-'oit (I)) (Signed) I). O'CoNNou, Not'inj I'uhlic. i:),600 00 .1. I). WARREN. 'Aliiliil [K). --I'liiNtJll'AI- Stdiis (111 wliieli Interest is (.'iaimed at 7 per eeiil. per ainmiii, and till. 'I'liiie for which it i-> m) elaiii^iil. llul. V. \'aliie of liie piolmiile I'lill e.ileli ■.!' "A'la" I'm Btii-mi iif I.1S7, viz.. -,HVi) HkillH, lit .'iihil. .ji: e. .. .. ,. .. .. .. l.i.HIH 00 Vimh c'litliiy prim to the iMt Oiitnher, 1KN7 .. .. .. .. '.'00 00 Total priiiei|ial im which inlvruNt ut 7 per ei.iil. per annum Ik ehiimeil, Iroin the tut OetohtT, 1MH7. to iliite of payiiieiil ,. .. .. lll.Olh 00 (Signed) J. i). WARRKN. (Signed) I). O'CoNNOU, Notarn I'liblir. 112H| V 2 164 No. 91. Colonial Office to Foreign Office. — {Received February 3.) Sir, Downinfj Street, Febuiary 3, 1888. WITH reference to previous correspondence respecting the IJritisli sealing- vessels seized in Beliring's Sea, I am directed by the Secretary of State fcr the Colonies to transmit to you, to be laid before tl)e .Marquis of Salisbury, a copy of a despatch from the Governor-General of Canada, reporting that orders have been issued by the United States' Government for the return to their owners of tlie vessels "Onward," " Tiiornton," and " Carolina," seized in 188G. I ani, &c. (Signed) ROBERT G. W, HERBERT. Inclosure I in No. '.i\. The Manjuis of Lansdowne to Sir H. Holland. Sir, Government House, Ottawa, .January 19, 1888, IN reference to my former despatches upon the sul)ject of the seizure of Canadian sealing-vessels durini; tiie years 188G-87 by United States' cruziers for fisiiing in Beliring's Sea, I have the honour to report tliat my Minister of Maiiiio and Fisheries has received from the Customs authorities at Victoria an intimation addressed by the United States' Marshal at Sitka to Mr. Spring, the owner of tlic " Onw ard." one of the three vessels seized in IS^'G, to the effect that that vessel, as well as the "Thorntori" >i\n\ "Carolina," with their tackle, apparel, and furniture, as they now lie in tlie harbour of Ounalaska, arc to be restored to their owners. A copy of tl.'s intimat.ion is inclosed herewith. 2. The information received by mj .Minisiir is to the cfl'ect that the condition of these three vessels, owing to the lengtli of time during which they have been lying on the shore, is now such as to render it questionable whetlier they could, under present circun-- stances, be repaired and removed with advantage. The diliiculty of doing this woulu be increased, from the fact that the vessels have been released at a season of the yfi;ir in which, owing to the great distance between Victoria and Ounalaska, il would be scarcely possible for the owners to fit out steamers for the purpose of going up to Oimalaska to repair tiieir vessels and bring them home. 3. 1 also inclose herewith copy of an extract from an American newspaper (the name and date of publication are not given), from which it would appear that the District .Iiulijc has made an order for the sale of the arms and ammunition taken from the three schooners in {piestion upon ihc sujipiised ground that, as the iiistructions sent by the United States' Government to Sitkn liir the liiieratiDU of the vessels made no uiention cif IIh; arms and ammunition on board of them, the Court eoiicluded that llicse should he (^onliscatcd and sold. It would seem Iroru llii- siuue extract- tlial the remaining vessels held in Alaska are not in('ludeiulfii' Mamliiil, Siikit, Dixliiiu of .lliiuku, Sir, Ihrrmlwr S, I K^7. I TAKl'. pit iiKiiri' in informing ymi niul oilier owners of the scliooners seized in ila Uclirnn;'- Si.i by I'liiud Statis' .-tciuncr " Cui.ini," lliat I din in receipt uf nrdeis hoi|i 166 WaBliington to restore to their owners tlic schooners "Onward," "Thornton," and "CaroUnn," their tackle, apparel, and furniture, as they now lie in the harbour of Ounalaska. Orders for their release have been forwarded to th( ir custodian at Ounalaska. Very reapectfuUy, (Signed) BARTON ATKINS, United Stntrn' Marshal, District of Alaska. Inclosure 3 in No. 91. Extract from American Neiuspaper {name ami dalp unknown). Alaska News. — Judge Dawson has made an order for the sale, at Juneau, of the arms and ammunition taken from the Hritish schooners "Thornton," "Carolina," and "Onward." captured last year by the " Corwin." Attorney-General Garland sent instruc- tions to Sitku to have the three vessels liberated, but, as he made no mention uf the arms and ammunition, the Court concluded that they must be sold, and gave directions accordingly. The Marshal has further been authorized to sell the schooner " W. P. Sayward " (Britisli), and the " Alplia," " Kate," and " Anna," and "Sylvia Handy" (American), togi'thtr with their boats, tackle, and furniture. By stipulation entered into last SepttMuber between Mr. Delaney, acting for the United States, and Mr. Drake, Q.C., rcp.i'senting the Canadian Government, the n.'maininu; Britisli schooners cannc l be sold iiiiiil the expiration of three months from tne lltli .lanuary next, and then only by the District Attorney giving the owners ninety days' notice. .Application granted :— • 111 the cases of the schooner* " Lily L.,"' W. 1*. Sayward," " Annie," " Allie J. Alger," "Al|)lin," "Kate and Anna," and "Sylvia Handy." an application made by .Attorney W. Clark, counsel for the owners, for leave to appeal to the Supreme Cotiit of the United Slates, was granted. A motion presented by the same attorney for a stay of proceedings for thrci montiis ill tiic eases of the " W. 1'. Sayward," " Aipliu," " Kale and Anna," and " Sylvia Handy," was refused by the Court, on the ground that the owiu-rs had ample time in which to prepare for theirappeals, and it was entirely their own (nult if tlu» had not done so. No. 92. Colonial Office to Foreii/n Office.— (Rft^ivril Fehniini/ 1:1) (Fxtrael.1 Diuniinij S/rrrl, Felntianj i:i, 1HH8. \\ ITIi rcfcreii''e to j>revioiis rotn'spondcnrc respecting' the claiiits oC British subjects 'iCTJiist the (n)\eriimcn( ol tlic ('nitcd Stales ,u'isiiii; out nl' tlic ^ei/nre of or Interfeiciice with <'er(iiin s( alinu: vc>sels in the Belii'in.-'s Sea, 1 nm iliiectcd by Sccictaiy Sir Henry Holland to transmit to \'ou. to be lai Sea durint;' the past season, I have tiic honour to ten ward herewith a copy ol on ippidV'i Ueport ol liieConnnitieeof the Vi\\'\ Couiuiil, submittmg the personal claims of the mastii- and mates of the " Dolphin," " VV. I'. SaywanI," " Anna Heck," " (iraee," and "Ada." My Minister of Marine and Fisheries is of o|)iiniin that the claims subinilled arc jnsl and reasonable, and reeommends that they he pri'sentcMJ to the United States' (iovernmeiii with till' hope that prompt reparation may be made to those persons for tlie sufferings iiiiii losses they have sustained. 1 have, &e. (Sign.-*!) LANSDOWNK. ]r,7 IiK.losure 4 in No. 92. RfjHiil (if (I d'Hiniiilli't' (if Ihr floiioiinililr the Pnvij Council, approrcil hij his I'Urcllenci/ Ihi' (lui'-nior-dniifnilin Council, Jniiuiirii I'J, 1S8S. ()\ a Kcport. (I;ilc(l 111.- '>U\h Dccvuihcr, 1HR7, from the Minister of Marine and Fi-iiiMics, siihniittiim, in rdnncction witli tin- seizures of C'liriaiiian Malintf-vc^sils in licliriii^f's Sea iltniii-^' tlic seatfons of I SHCi ami 1H87, the personal claims of the Ibllowini; iiiustcis and !na(es dftlie »ici/^'d veHsel.s : Sriiooncr ' ll,(•>;;,". nil 1,11(11) (II) •J.Olll) 00 1,01)1) 00 •2,(10(1 00 ],o()o 00 2,000 00 'J, 00(1 00 Tlic Minister beiievett lliat tlictte claims arc just and reasonable, and recommends that tlicy bo f«ii warded to Her Mdjimty''* -hip '• Itielmird Ru>h,' :j»nl I was made a pri-oner mill taken on hoard of the Huid steam«ship " Rii tind Uush ' willi the sbsji's papers of the siiid " Dolphin." It. That slioiily iillerwards on the same oim I was sent liael< on board the " Dolphin," whiili, ill coniinand of an nthc' I lidm the -.iid "liiehaid Uii'-li,' was tal>eii to ()imal.isl.l Atiffus), A.h. I8S7, until the I'itli day o: August iiislnnt, "lieii I was taken before llie li'iiited States' District Court at Sitka, fonihilly ehaii^cd with iiiiviiijr violated the lawn of the United States relating to seal fishing in the waters of Alaska, and upon my own reeojriiziiiiee of 5()(l dollars released to appear for trial lO) said el)urj.;e on I Ik; lii'nd day of Aiif.'iist then instimt, and to apjiear iVom day to day tlicrcalter iiiilil I should be so tried. I did so a]'peai oi the days so (udered tnilil the 0th day of ''i|i(einl)er i'ollowinK, when, wilhoiil ii being tried on said ehar^e, or any other charge or olieiiee wliah vei , I was niieoiiditiiinally n le.iRcd by order of the .Iudi;e of said Court, and tin' the said illegal arrest and ini|iriMiiinienl I claimed as diiina|j,es the sum of 2,()()() dolliirs. 4. That at llie Hnmc time I wiih arrested, as aforesaid, one John Ueilly was mate ol (lie said fitcam-Heliooiii r " Dollihiii," and I am the duly authorized auTnt in this behalf 1)1 the said ilolin Kcilly, male of the Hiiid " l)ol|)liin," .'■). 'lliu )iai(l .lohii Heilly wa. arreHt( (I, taken to Ounil.iska, thence to Sitka, delivered 168 into the custody of the United States' Marshal of Alaska, arraigned, allowed bail, and finally released at the same place, time, and manner in which I was, as set out in the decla- ration, and the said John Reilly, by me, his duly authorized agent in this behalf, claims 1,000 dollars as damages for said illegal arrest and detention. G. That after arnval of said steam-schooner " Dolphin " at Ounalaska aforesaid, after her seizure, I agreed with the Commander of the said " Richard Rush" to navigate the said " Dol|)hin " from Ounalaska to Sitka, for which purpose I engaged the crew on board the " Dolphin " after seizure, agreeing to pay them their ordinary wages therefor. I did so navigate the said " Dolphin " from Ounalaska to Sitka with the said crew, but I have never been pailii|) " Kush " with the |),i[)er.s of the said schooner " W. I'. Sayward." ;^. Tile Captain of the said steam-ship " Rush " told mi! I was in his charge, and iinist oiiey his orders; he sent me hack to the said scliooncr " \V. I'. Sayward," made her l:ist til liie " Rusii," and towed her to Ounalaska, from which |)lace we were distant at time 1)1 said seizure ahoiit 80 miles. I. When I arrived at Ounalaska aforesaid 1 was j^iven into the char;^e of a IJepuly United Slates' Ahirshal, and next day I, i'l tli-,' aid schooner " W. P. Sayward," in charge i)f a Deputy .Marshal, was sent on my way to Sitka, where I arrived on the '_'2nd .luly, iinii was there delivered into the euitoily of th'.; Unite I States .Marshal. f). That on the 'J.'h-d July I was hrought hefore Judge Dawson, the Judge of the District Court at Sitka, and placed under bond of .^Od dollars to appear liefore the said l)i>tiicl Court on the 2"Jnd .Vugust, 1>SS7. I had to remain at Sitka from the said •J.Sr.l July, and on the 'i2nd August, 1^87, 1 appeared before the said Pistrict Court, and jo on from day to day until the lOtli September, when .ludgo Dawson aforesaid discharged niu, stating he had received instructions from Washington to release ail parties connected with the seizL'd sealers. (i I claim as damages for my said illegal arrest and detention the sum of 2,000 (iiillars. 7. .And I make this solemn declaration, conscientiously believing the same to be true, ami bv virtue of the "Oaths Ordinance, 18(J9." (Signed) GKOllGI-: R. FKRI'-Y. Dcclaicd hefore me at Victoria, this 2nd November, 1B87, in pursuance of the Oaths Unliiiance, IHG'J. (Signed) Chas. li. Poole ', Nolnrii Public, Victoria, liritish Coluiiihia. Declu ration. Cilv ol Ottawa, I'rovincc of Ontario, Dominion of Canada. !. .lames Douglas Warren, of the city of Victoria, in the Province of Uritisli Columbia, (ii tlu' Diimiiiion of Canada, master mariner and ship-owner, do solemnly and sincerely declare as follows: — 1. That I am the fluly authorized agent in this behalf of Andrew D. Laing, of the cily 01 Vi'.loria aforesaid, mate and jiartner of the IJritish schooner " W. P. Sayward," as the time of her seizure as stated herein. 2. That on the !)th July, A.n. 18S7, the said schooner " W. P. Sayward," wiiile in filing's S;'a, in north latitude 54" 43', and west longitude Ifi?'" 51', and lawfully engaged ill scaling, she was seized by the Uiiiteil States' steam-ship " Richard Rush," and the said Aiidiuw 1). Laing, mate oi' the said schooner " W. P. Sayward," was then placed under anvst by an olliccr of and from the said " Richard Rush." 3. That, by authority of the Commander of the said " Richard Rush," the said mate was taken lirst to Ounalaska fsland, in the United States' Territory of Alaskn, and thence to Sitka, ill said Territory of Alaska, and there arraiirned tor trial on the 22nd August, IHS7, being adinitlcd to bail in the meantime. The said .\ndrcw D. Laing pleaded "not guilty" to tile charge piclcned against him, namely, that of violating the laws of the United States rusiiccting seal (isliing in the waters of Alaska, and apiicared on the said 22nd August for tiiiil, and from day to day therealler until the !)th September following, when without linviim been tried on said charge, or lor any otrcnce whatever, he was unconditionally I'clca.-ed. 4. And the said Andrew 1). Laing, by me, his duly authorized agent in this behalf, ildiiiis 1,000 vlollars as damages for such illegal arrest. And 1, .lames Douglas W'arien albrcsaid, make this solemn declaration, eonscieiitiouHly believing the same to be true, and by virtue of the "Act respecting extra-judicial oaths." (Signed) J. b. WARRKN. Dccliircd and iitlirmed before me, nt the city of Ottawa, in the county of Carlcton and I'l'oviiice of Ontario, this Olli Dcceinhcr, 1NS7, mid certiiicd under my odicial seal. ^Signed) .). M. lULDiiUbON, .\olaiii Public foi Onlurio. [m] z 170 Dedarntion, Lily ti\ itunmn, i'nmucc of Onturio, Dominion of Canadn. I, ,httii>'* Doitjcla." Wtirrei), of (lie n «i( ('nunih\, do Milcnudy and sincerely dcclaic as follows: — h 'I Un* I (Iff) tlif duly aiitli(iii/((l iii;!!it of i.ouis Olson, of the said city of Victoria, in thi* in^UhH, ffia»frr rruirincr, and tn.'isler (d' tlic -tcani-scliooncr " Anna Ucck " at the time t. 'dwt mi the L'nd .Inly, a.d. 1887, tlie said "Anna Beck," while in Bcluinir's Jfe» \u tthnh l;i(i»iidc, .VI ">8' and west longitude 107° :>AV, and lawfully engaged in s;al tiuUUiv, ^tin Ptr/.<(] l>y ihe United States' steam-ship " Richard Rush," and the said l»«ii« (tU'ti, iin rnfi^tcr flicrcf)!', inadc prisoner by an otiicer of and from said steani-sliin a, Su wumA en w from the said " Richiu'd Hush" took charge of the said "Anna litckf" HI ni (frfik her «-r following, when, witliout being so tried on said charge or any other charge witHUrVirtf \u- W!m unconditionally rehascd, and the said Louis Olsen, by me, his agent in IjU l/<'>(/'>lf, chiinA :Ji,(l()f) doiliirs as damages lor f.uch illegal arrcot and detention. Af»'l IfJ'innc.n lJoni;las Warren aforesaid, make this solemn declaration, conscientiously belitvihg tht nstU)*', to be true, and by virtue of the "Act respecting extra-judicial oaths." (Signed) J. b. WARRKN. l)«-ftl^r«l (in "KmsJi" «hil(! he was acting as mate of the steam-vessel "Anna Beck." We have, &c. (Signed) DAVIE and POOLEY, Barridcr-s, 6,y. Tim Mori, the .Minister of Marine and fisheries, Ottawa. htiiiiuiii'i, iltiimvd I,,/ Mirhnvl Ker/i', Male of Hie Sicnin-rcs.sel "Anna lieclc," for illnjul arfi>*l. anil ilHniliun hi/ tlic IJnitcil Hla'lcs' Steam-shii " liimh," and at Sitlw, fi'm ,/uli/2l>lo Hrplcml/rr I'o, 1H87. Britiiili Colombia, to wit. I, Michael Kcefe, of Victoria, in tie- province of British Columbia, master inarim'i, uutl diirf mate of the sti am-vessel "Anna Ucck,'" soleimdy and sincerely declare as follows :- l-^'Jhat I was on the •Jnd day of July 1887 chief mate of the steam-vessel "Anii.i Ikt'.U'," (i» that date the said sleam^vessel was in the Bebring's Sea engaged in seal-lisliin:. 'J. Tiidt ((11 the siiid ^nd day of ,luly the .-nid steam-vessel " Anna Jieck " was scizd l»y th« J/'»iit*»l Sl,.tcs' steam-ship " Hush," and I was made a prisoner and taken on \nrM>\ (((« »;iM «>y;ifr, ..hip " Anna I'Kck,'' in charue of an aimed crew from the said 8teuin-slii|' "huuii," (o Oufialiiskii, where we ai rived on I lie .'h'd day of .Inly 1887. '}, At the lime r)f the said seizure the said steain-vcssel "Anna Ikck " was 7''l mili-" fr*mt ihi! tu:nr<%l bind. 4, Wtmn mi- arrived at Oniudaska we were kept in custody by the said stcaiii-slnF " Kii«li " (iiitil_ the .Mb day of .luly, when I and the rest of the crew of the said stcain-vcsMi I " AuiM Iktk" were truiiMlerred to the Amerieun schooner "CImllonge," und were nciit fj] 171 Sitka, AInskn, in charge of a f]uartermastcr from tho said stefini-«Iiip " Riitili," where we airiveil im the 20th (iiiy of .July 1887. ,'), On tho 2'2ii(] t(aiii-veHsel " Grace" was taken in tow by the said steam-ship " liiish," and brought into Oiiiiiiliiska, which place at the time of seizure was 93 miles distant. 'I. I'Vom Ounalaska aforesaid I was taken down to Sitka in my said Kt(mm>vcHSul "diafc!," in charge ol a De|)uty United States' Marshal ; and when I arrived at Sitka, on till' 1st day of August, 1887, I was handed over to the eustodv oC the United States' Mai-hal. .'). That f remained in the custody of the said United States' Marshal at Kitka until iln' 17th (lay of August, when I was arraigned h'^fore the Diitiiet Court, and was riiiiaiid(;il on my own l)iil of ,000 dollars until tiie 21st day ol August; and I a|»|)(arcd liildii' the said ('omt on the said 21st day of August, and thenee on from d.iy to day nntd III!' loth day of September, 1887, wlien Judge Dawson, tiie .Judge of th oJV^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 4 Q!^ :/- fc ^ 1.0 I.I 11.25 l^l^e 12.5 it lis lliio 1= i-4 11.6 V] ^%. /] 7. <^^ J^^ > V /A Photographic Sciences Corporation 33 WIST MAIN STRUT WlBSTtR.N.Y M580 (7)6) B7a-4S03 ^¥^^^^ v.. «? ^ <> V^Q \ ^u :i7 1 i 172 Damages claimed by Charles August Lumlhrrg, Chief Male of the British Schooner " Ada," for illegal arrest and (hlrntion hij the United States' Revenue Cutter " Bear," and bij the United States Marshal at Silica, fi-m August '25 to October I, 1887. British Columbia, to wit. I, C!iar}ps August Lundberg, of Victoria, British rolumbia, do solemnly and sincerely declare : — 1. That I sailed fr: ni the cify of Victorin, :i? chief mate of the British schooner "Ada," on the 17th day of .Tune, 1887, on a sealing voyage to the Bchrinu's f>ea. 2. That on the 2.')th day of August, 1SS7, in tlie Behrinir"s Sea, anropf:r nietlinds by tiio citizens of either country. In ri'spoiiHc to iiis Lordship's suggestion tliat tliis (iovernment submit a skctcli of a sv>teii) of res^iiiiitions for the purpose indicated, it may be expedient, before makin^^ a (kfiiiitc pi'o])i)sit!on, to describe some of the conditions of se:il h'fe. And for this purpose it is believed that a concise statement as to that part of the life of the seal which is sfHint in ISohriiitr's Sea will be sufficient. All those who have made a study of the seals in licliring's Sea are agreed that, on an .ivtriitic, from five to six months — tiiat is to say, fiom the unddle or towards the end of 8)11 in;: till the iiiidfile or end of October — are s[)C'nt by them in those waters in breeding and i:i renrini; their young. During this time they have their rookeries on the Islandn nt St. Paul and St. (icorge, which constitute the I'ribyloif group and belong to tlie United Slates, and on the Coumiander Isbmds, which belong to Russia. Hut the immber of aniiii.'ils r. soiling to the latter group is small in comparison with that resorting to the fdiUK r. The rest of the year they are supposed to spend in the open sea south of the AlcMiiian Isliinds, Their miiriation northward, which has been stated as taking place during the spring iim! till tlu' middle n!'.)mie, is made through the numerous passes in the long chain o( the Akiitian Islands; above wh'ch the courses of their travel converge chiefly to the IVibylofT tidup. During this migration tlie female seals are so advanced in pregnancy that they Uiiicially '^ive hiilli to their young, which are eonnnonly calltid pups, within two weeks litter rcacliiiig the ro' kiries. Between the time of the birth of the pups and of the emigra- tion (if the seals Irom the islands in th(! autumn the females are occupied in suckling their yotuiL' ; and by far the larjrest part of the seals tlnind at a distance from the islatidn in I'iliiiim's Sea during tlie summer and early autumn arc females in search of food, which is inadc doubly neecsaiy to enable tiiem to suckle their young as well as to supjwrt a eon- (litidii ol renewed pregnancy, which begins in a week or a little more after their delivery. I he male seals, or bulls, as ihey are commonly called, leejuire little food wiiilc on the isliiids, where they remain uuardinu: their harems, watching the rookeries, atid sustaining e.visieiiee on ijie huge amotint of blublier which they have secreted beneath their skins and uliicli is gia fiom those that are not so. When the animals are killed in the water with (iiearms many sink at once and are never recovered, anu some authorities state that not more than one out of three of those so slaughtered is ever secured. 'I'liis may, how- ever, be an over-estimate of the number lost. It is thus appall nt that to pertiiit the destruction of the seals by the use of firearms, nets, or other misehievous means in Behring's Sea would result in the speedy extermination of the Viwc. 1 heie appears to be no dillerence of opiiion on this subject among ex|,erlH. Aiiil the la'.t is to eli'arly and foreibly stated in the Report of the Inspector of Finheiies lor Ihitish C'ol'.imi)ia ol' the .Mst of December, 18R(), that I will quote therefrom the (ollowiivj; perlinent passage: — "'Ihere were killed this year, so far, from 4f>,00() to .')U,()Ol) fur seals which have been taken by si liooiuis Irom San Francisco and \ ietoria. The greater number wire killed in lieliiing's Sea, and were 'learly all eows or I'eiiialc seals. This enormous eateb, with the ineiease which will take place when the vessels fitting up every year are ready, will, I am iilraid, soon depleU- our lur seal lishery, and it is a great jiity that such a valuable induRtry eoiild Hot in some way hi? piotecled." I Ue,ioit of Tho.ims Movvat, Inspector ot I'^isheries for British Columbia; Sessional I'iipers, Vol. I.'., No. Ki, p. 2tiH ; Ollawii, 1HS7.| Tl.e oidv way of obviating the lamenlable lesult abo\e predicted appears to be by llie United Stales, Great Hritain, and other interested I'oweis taking concerted action to pievcut their eitizens or Hubjects from killing fur seals with (irenrms, or other deslrnelive Wiapoiis, north of .''lO'' of iiorlh latitudi-, and between KiO" of longitude west ami I7'>' of longitude east (rom (ireenwieh, during the period intervening between LOth April and ist November. To prevent the killing within a marine belt of forty or filly miles from IIk' Islands during that period would be inetfectiiid as a preservative measure. 'J'his wrtuld ckai'ly be so during the approach of the seals to the Iskinds, And after their arrival there Biieh a limit i>l protection would also he inKullieient ; since the rapid progress ol the xciils lliiough the wafer enables them to go great distances from the islaiuls in so short a time tlinl it lias been calculated that an ordinary seal could go > the Aleutian Islands and back, in all a (iislanee of iilll) or 4, and from the coasts of Chili and South Africa. They were also coiimion in the Falklund Islands and the adjacent seas. But in those islands, where hundreds of thousaiul-: o( tkins were formerly obtained, there have been taken, according to best statistics, since IB.*^!), hv»; than 1,500 skins. In some places the indiscriminate slaughter, especially by use of lire- arms, has in a few years resulted in completely breaking up extensive rookerifs. At the present time it is estimated that out of an aggregate yearly yield of IB'j.'tQ'J seals from all parts of the globe over 130,000, or more than two-thirds, are obtained Iruiu the rookeries on the American and Russian islands in Behring's Sea. Of tlie remainder, the larger part are taken in Behring's Sea, altliough such taking, at least on such a scale, in that quarter is a comparatively recent thing. But if the killing of the I'ur seal tli'^re with fire-arms, nets, and otlier destructive implements were permitted, hunters wcjuld abandon other exhausted places of pursuit for the more productive field of BthringV Sea, where extermination of tiiis valuable animal would also rapidly ensue. It is manifestly for the interests of all nations that so deplorable a thing should nut hi allowed to occur. As has already been stated, on the Pribyloft" Islands this Govcrnineul strictly limits the number of seals that may be killed under its own lease to an Anieriraii Company; and citizens of the United States have, during the past year, been mrested, aud ten American vessels seized for killing fur seals in Behring's Sea, England, however, has an especially great interest in this matter, in addition to thai which she must feel in preventing the extermination of an animal which contributes so nincli to the gain and comfort, of her people. Neai'ly all undressed fur seal skins are sent to Lutidoii, where they are dressed and dyeil for the uiarket, and where many of lliem arc sold. It i^ stated that at least 10,000 people in that city find profitable employment in this work; liu more than the total number of people engaged in hunting the Iwv seal in every part of the world. At the Pribyloff' Islands it is believed that there are not more than 400 persons w engaged ; fit Commander Islands, not more than .MOD; in tiie north-west coast fishery, nui more than r)2.5 Indian hunters and 100 whites; and in the Cape Morn fishery not in re than 400 persons, of whom perhaps .'500 are Chileans. Greiit Britain, theielbrc, in co- operating with tlie United States to prevent the destruction of fur seals in Behring's Sr.i, would also be perpetuating an extensive and valuable industry in which her own citi/,' tif^ have the most lucrative share. I inclose for your information copy of a Memorandum on the fur seal fisheries ol the world prepared by Mr. A. Howard Clark, in response to a request made by this Dcpurtnientto the United States' Fish Commissioner. I inclose also, for your further inforniution, (opy hI a letter to nie dated the 3rd December last, from Mr. Henry \V. Flliott, who has spent inu'li time in Alaska, engaged in the study of seal life, upon which he is well known us an authority. I desire to call your special attention to what is said by Mr. Elliott in rcs|ii;i to the new method of catching the seals with nets. As the subject of this despatch is one of great importance and of innnediate urnemv, I will ask that you give it as early attention as possible. I nm, &c. (Signed) T. F. BAYARD IneloRure 2 in No. 93. Bfrhw of I he Fur Srnl Fisheries of thr World in 1H87, hji A, Howard Clark. IN the " Eneyc'lopcedia Britanniea," ninth edition, the fur seal fisheries are credited with an annual yield of 18.5,00<» skins, ul which 100,000 arc said to be obtained from tin Fribylofl" Islands, flO.OwO from the Coinmnnder Islands, 16,000 from the Straits of Juan de Fuca and vicinity, 12,000 from the I-obos Islands, l.^OOO from I'alagonia and outljim: iilandH, r)00 Irom the Falkland iBlands, 10,000 from the Cape of Good ilo|)e and plu(i> theroalxmt, and 2,C00 from islands belonging to Japan. The above Btatiitios were communicated by nie to thr author of the article " Beul 1/5 Fisheries " in the " EncycloptEdia," and had been carefully vf.Med h) the latest otficial rpr>rH^ arrl by a personal interview with Messrs. C. M. ljtitij»i*m ttMi Co., of London, one rii'fhe principal fur houses of the world, and by whom most (4 0»« ainnuai production of r':r seal-skins are placed upon tlie market. A review ofthe subject at this time (January 1888) tiec(im*itU»t»it(t'* (imi^^ inx cntili at Capo Flattery and liuhrlng's Sea) .. ,, ,, T.ohos Inlands at niouth of Itio dii la I'lata ,, .. // ,, f'iipe of Oooil Hope (including islands in Southern Indiuu <>«wi*i, ,, Cape Horn region .. .. ,. ,. ,, ,, Falkland Islands ., ,. .. .. // ,, ^,.r iinDh«>r of Seal Skins. rit,967 41,803 4,000 2ft,C00 12,3ft;) .5,000 S,ir,2 550 ale urj,'eiuy, Total .. ,. .. .. ,, ,^ 102,4.57 The fiatistics for the Pribyloff and Commander Island* nrt (tfm^>'ih(] from Reports of fhf Alaska Commercial Company, Mr. Elliott's Reports in Voi, ♦((!, lOth (-'ensiis, and in •Mi.,)ii 5, United States' Fish Commission Report, and 'IVawi*; iU^xttU of annual sales in Lmrlon (•• Fur Trade Review," published monthly at N!*»s»ib|«' ift '/ivc, details in all cases. .Vf Pribyloff Islands, in 1880, there were .'$72 Aleuts uiti iH wll»(f,e<. At Commander hUnds there are about 300 persons. In the North-went <<>a*< iUimry !t2'\ Indian hunters ,(iifl 100 whiles, and in tlic Cape Horn fishery about 4<>'> wImI*!**, c>f whom, perhaps, 300 ^ce Chileans.) Number of Fur Seal Skins from Principal Fishcrwr*; (*?7l to I>s87. (('ompiU'd from oIKeial sources by A. II. Clijrk. No ri-luiut t;i .j,*'** blank., V>nr, I e ^ d 5 ■'^ c3a l!*;i: mt ma wn |l»T» |i»;;> tlW(V t«7 IWl.OOO iltl.OOO UO.dlH) iHt.H'JO 00,600 110,000 RA.OOO 9.5,000 00,908 00,0.50 H.5,000 0!),H(IO 78,000 no,rtoo 00,000 OH.OOO 01»,»00 ;i,(ii I 20,;) 1! ;io,:io(> .■11,272 :10,274 20,000 2t,Sil2 i)t,IMO 42,7.52 48 50 1 4'.^ .40 40,000 2.1,000 ;iH,ono 12,000 46,0(10 18,000 irticle " K«kl 3 i 7.0,51 !l,3|;i Ml 8 32,.5.50 fl,OAI *,WJO IO,(KH) 8,887 15.007 18,060 10,732 11,321) |A,»4ft o,a!>;) H,(;2;) 1.22.5 1 ,011.5 :.,(mii 5.12S 7.7.11 M,-.iS(l 1,107 7,02(1 .1,02 I 1,107 i),il7M Catflh Inndvil at llritUli C'uluiublu vcsouls, I M.i-tly tuls< u i;j Mitm%t*iKti. ,%« flehedulo (A). 176 The second point upon wliich iiit'ormiition is re(|uested in " that at' tiio destruction f the fur seal, resultini? eitiier in its externiinution or the diminution of its yield in pUices where it formerly abounded," &c. At the bej^innins "' '''^ proscut century there were threat rookeries of fur seal at Falkland Islands, at th , Sauth Sbetlands, at Miisafuera, at Soutli f ioor^ia, and at mnnj other places throughout tiie Antarctic region. Thene |;iaccs were visited by sealing-vessels, and indiscriminate slaughter of the animals resulted in the extermination of the species, or in such diminution in their numbers that the fishery became iniprofitablc. The details of the Antarctic fishery are given in Heetiofi 5, vol. ii, of the (piarto Eeport of the United States' Fish Con. mission, pp. 4()()-4G7 ; in ricjjort ijy 11. W. Elliott on "Seal Islands of Alaska," C, pp. 117-121 (reprinted in vol. viii, lOth Census Reports); in "Monograph of North American Pinnipeds,' by .J. , A. Alien (Misc. Pub., xii, Uiiitd States' Geological Survey) ; in " Fanning's \'oyagcs Hoiuid the World " (.New York, 183U)j in "Narrative of Voyages and Travels in Northern and Southern Ileniisphires," by Ama.sa Delano (Boston, 1817) ; and in numerous other works, to which reference will be found in the above volumes. A few men are still living who participated in the Antarctic seal fisheries years ago. Tlieir stories of the former abundance of fur seals I have obtained i i personal interviews. As to the manner of destruction there is but one thing to say : an indiscriminate slaughter of old and young, male and female, in a few years results in the breaking up of the largest rookeries, and, as in the case of Alasafuera and the Falkland Islands, the injury seems to be a permanent one. As an instance, the South Shetlands were first visited in 1819, when fur seals were very abundant ; two vessels in a short time seeming full fares. In 1820 thirty vessels hastened to the islands, and in a few weeks obtained upwaids of 250,000 skins, while thousands of seals were killed and lost. In 1821-22 Weddell* says : "320,000 skins were taken The system of extermination was practised, for when- ever a seal reached the beach, of whatever denomination, lie was immediately killed and his skin taken; and by this means, at the end of the second year, the anima'-j became nearly extii.ct. The young, having lost their mothers wlu.n only three or lour days old, of course died, which, at the lowest calculation, exceeded 100,000." In subsecjuent years, until 1845, these islands were occasionally visited by vessels in search of seal-skins, but never after 1822 were many animals found there. About 1815 the Antarctic fur-sealing was iibandoned. In 1871 the industry was renewed, and a few vessels secured some valuable furs from the South Shetlands, hut in a few yciars voyages there became unprofitable. (See &ec. 5, vol. ii. United States' Fish Connnission Report, pp. 402-458.) Tlie same story may be told of Masafuera, from which island about 3,50(J,0(JU fur seal-skins were taken between the years 1793 an«32, |), l.'iO.) Scarcely any seals have since been found at Masafuera. D(dano states that in 17'.)7 there were two or three n\illion fur seals on that island. Elliott, in his Report already cited, gives accounts of earlier voyages to Masafuera, &c. 1 have consulted log-bo(d\s and journals of several voyages, all agreeing in the former abundiince, and the externiinution of the fur seal un Masafuera as well as on other Antarctic or southern islands. At the Falkland Islands both fur seals and sea-lions abounded, but there, too, they were destroyed. The sealing business at South Georgia was most prosperous in 1800. during whicb season sixteen Atnericnn and Knglish vessels took 1 12,000 fur seal-skins. Though not as important a rookery as some of the other islands, considerable numbers of fur seals have been taken from Soutli Georgia. Since 1870 suniu good cargoes of elephant seal oil linvc been taken there. Fur seals were abundant at the Tristan d'Aeunha Islands at the beginning of the century, and because of the almost inaccessible eaves and rocks to which Ihey resort tt few have survived — or, at least, as late as 1873 a lew were ammidly taken tlu-rc. On the west coast of ACrien, Ironi the Cajie of (iood Hope to the Kith dcf^ree of south latitude, there was initil 1^70 a considerable number of fur seals of an inferior (|uality, but they are now p'.actically exhausted, the tew skins tnaiketed an coming from there being taken on various hauling grounds on islets liirther south and east, (See sec. 5, vol. ii, United Stales' Fish (Jonnnission Repoit, p. 415.) The Prince l..(i«.ul group, v'ro/.et I8lan(l^', Kerguelen Land, and other smaller islnmls in the Southern Indian and Suulluirn Pacific Oceans, were important seal fisheries both for * " Wtddall'i Voyagoi," p. 130, ijuotiiil in Station V, vol. ii, quarto Uvport uf United Stttsi' Piili ConimiMloB, p. 407. 177 the fur and elephant seal. At none of them is any number of seals found to-day. The English exploring ship "Challenger" visited Kerguelen Land in 1873-76, and reports: — " Two of the whaling schooners met with at the island killed over seventy fur seals in one day, and upwards of twenty at another, at some small islands off Howe Islands to the north. It is a i)ity that some disevction is not exercised in killing the animals, as is done at St. Paul Island, in Hehring's Sea, in the case of the northern fur seal, iiy killing tlic young males and selecting certain animals oidy for killing, the number of seals even may be increased ; the sealers in Kerguelen Island kill all tiiey can find." (See " Report of llic Scientific Results of tiie Ex|)l()riiig Voyage of Her Majesty's ship 'Challenger,' 187'5-70. Narrative of the Cruise. V ". i, in two parts. 4to. Published by order of Her .Majesty's Government, 188.5.'') In these volumes will be found similar references to otlier seal islands visited by the ' Cliallengcr." In referring to Mario;i Islimd the Report says: — " The ruthless manner in which fur and elephant seals were destroyed by the sealing parties in the early part of this century bus had the ellect of almost exterminating the colonv that used these desolate islands for brccdinii purposes." (Vol. i, |). 21M.) To recapitulate : concerning seal lookeries south of tiie equator, I may say tiiat there is no sii.gle place where any ninnbcr are now known to resort except on tlie Lobos Islands, off Peru, and at the mouth of the Rio de la Plata, and on the neigiibois-ing lianling grounds ;it the clill's of ('id)o Corrientes. Here tliev are, and have long been, protected by the Argentine Repuidic or Uruguay, and the rookery ai)p(ars to remain ai)i)ut the same size, with iiltit; apparent ineicase or decrease in the numl)ir of aninuds, as may he seen by statistics of the cateli in t!ie Table nbove given. The small rookeries or hauling grounds iit Diego Raiiirez Islands, Cape Ilurn, and the rocky islets in tiiiit vicinity, from 1870 to 188;j or IHS'J yielded some return to the hardy sealers of Stonington and New London, Connecticut, from which ports a bait-dozen vcs.els have been annually sent. Even tbis last resi>rt of .Xmeriean sealers is practically exlia isted, and only bv much search is a I'rofitabic vovaze 'iiade there. Dr. Cuppinger, who was at Capo" Horn in 1878-^-2 (" Crui-^e of the 'Alert,'" by 15. W. Coppinger : London, lS8.'i), tells of the difficulties of sealing at Cape Morn, and of the jirotits nuide when even a few skins arc secured. In 1880 C.iptain Temple "came tbrougii tlie western chaimels of Patagonia, having entei'ed the straits at 'IVes Montes;" and on the Cavadonga gidiij) of biu'ren rocks he says he found Mime thousands of sci'is. Had the great southern rookeries been protected by (jovernnic iit, it is aitiu'etbcr probable, accordin:i: to all autboritii'S, that they would to-diiy yield nuiiiy ibousaiuls of ekins, in some cases equal to ti\e valuable returns of the Prii>yloir (iroiip. In |iroei'eding up the Southern Pacific from .Mas.ifuera we pa.-s St. I'elix, the Lobos Islands, oil' Peru, and the (;alii|)agos Islands, on which, as well as on other i>lan(ls in that ocean, the fur seal (Uicc was I'ounii, but whence it, has been e\terminate(l. North oi tiie equator we meet, first, tlii! Cuadahiupe Ishmds, wiiere in |n78 theie were a few I'nr seals, piisuniably migrations from the Pi'ihyloff (irouj). j^Iovin.; norliiwanl, along the Cablor- iiiaii and north-west coast, the fur seal is found in winter and early spring on its w.iy to the gi'cat bleeding grounds on th(> Prii>yloll l-lamU. It is duiing this ini;zi'ation that tlie Paeilit' sealing-scbooners of Riitish Columlna and San JManciseo eaptuic them, and it is piiihahii' that if the fleet increases in size, with u coritsponding inenase in the nund)ei' of seals taken, tiiere will ere long lie aii appreciable decrease in the number ol seals on the I'ribyloff Islands. This cannot but be the renult, lor many seals are killed and not sccuied, and there is the same indiscriminate slangbfer as regards youiiL' and old, male and leiuali,', that uas practised at the southern rookeries, i'lie slati>lies sliowinu' the present [:r(iwinn- eoiuhtiou of the norlh-we^t coast fishery, and llie ellorts ot the tisliermen to tiillow the seals even into Hehring's Sea, are alieady a matter of I'-cord, and need not be re|H'nted here, except 'o refer to the .\imual Rep, iris of IIk; Depaitment ot l''i^henes ol Ciinada. In the Re,, t for |88il will be f'oumi (on p. lilDj tlie names of the Ihilish Ci)luinbian fleet, aggregating 'JO vessels, inanned by 7!) sailors and .'{,'^0 hunlers, and their cateh is given at .'JS,!) 1 7 skins, as compared with I.'! vessels, taking i7,"t)0 skins, in I8s'j. Tiie American vessels in this fleet in I8><(l and flieir ealeh is gi\('n by .Mr. Swan in sec. .1, vol. ii, of the ipiarto Repoit of the United States' I'ish ( 'ommissiiii. It is not necessary that I refer 10 the conditi(m of the lookt'iies on liie IVibylofI Islinds. There can be no question eonecrning the advisability of rei;ulating the number ot aniiaiils to be killed, and tin; selection of such animals as will not inlerlere with the bioeiling of the species. Tiie iiist'ovy of tlu' islands at the beginning of the ciMitnry, when there was an indis('riminat<' slanghtor of Ihr seal-, and the protection of the animals iti IBOS iind liiereafter by tlie Russian und American lioverninents, is fully told by Veniuminov and bv i'illii tt, and need not be repeated iicre. (N'eiiimninov's " Z.ipieskie," [l'J8] * U A .1/8 &c., St. Peteisburi,'h, 1842, vol. ii, p. 568, quoted by H. W. Elliott in « Seal Islands of Alaskft," pp. 140-145, vol. viii, Tenth Census Report.) The Commander Islands (Bei)rinn; and Copper Islands), in Heliring's Sea, and Robben Reef, near Saghalicn, in the Okhotsk Sea, are leased by the Alaska Commercial Coinpanv, and are proteeted by the Russian Government in much the same manner that the Pribyloft Islands are |)r()tected by the United States' Government. A description of tiie seal industry on those islands is given by Professor Nordenskiold in " V'oyage of the Vega," a translation of a ])()rtion of his Report being given by Mr. liUiott on pp. 109-11.') in " Seal Islands of Alaska." At Robbtn Reef it is inipc«siblc to establish a station, tiie rock being often wave-wasbed ; but the Alaska Company send men there in the season, to gather from 1,30(1 to 4,000 skins each year. The agent of the Russian Government confers with the Alaska Company's agent each year to determine the number of skins that shall be taken in the Cummander Islands. The seals taken by the .Japanese are those migrating from the Commander Group, and are not secured in large numbers, the average being about 4,000, though some years as many as 1 1,000 are taken. Schedule (A.) — Memora.vuu.m of Sealskin Seizures, Vessels, &c., in Behring's Sen, in 1887. No. Kig. Nttiiie. Nution. 'i'otl. liaise. Captain. Owner. Scizt'd. Date. Seal!. 1 Sti'nni si'hooripr \V. P. .'•ayword.. Uritish .. 59 Geo. n. Terry .. J. 1). W arreli •. Kt'vfiiueitteunier "Kii.h" July 111 4>7 2 nitio Anm- B.xk . . .•!G Louis Olsen „ »t II „ 3 nii 3 Ditiii Grav . . II .. 70 \Vm. I'etit If • • ■» >f „ IH ;c9 4 Ditto Dol|iliiri ■() J. 0. Warren .. M •• i< ,> „ i:t CI8 b Schooner . Alfred .\dain!4 .. OS W. W. Dyer .. J. (jiitfrnnn .. 1. .. Aug. 12 1,.179 6 Uiito . . Adii . . Lottif Fiiirtifld* . n •» 05 J. Gandin .1. Hoskntritx liViult' A. Hough, Htcnmer" IJtiir" ., "Uush" „ 25 \M 7 Ditto ,. (.■liiilU'nirt;r American . 3fi 11. 11. .loiiea ., A. l>oiii!la»A .. ., 5 m 8 Ditto .. Lily J. 11 . 1 03 J. W. Todd .. (i. \V. l.iuid .. July 1 i.ii 9 Ditto Annie.. 2,-. 11. Brown .. Jjis. l.atliri (. ., 25 IM 10 Ditto .. Kate and Annie.. 10 Clias. Liitjen ,, Cliitr. LMtj'-n Aug. 11 m 11 Ditto .. ICIkn .. )» •» 12 ■r. 11. W,.ntwortli G. VV. Lybvjusl.. tl M ,1 12 '.111 12 Ditto ,. Aljihu.. 2IJ Jas. Talten J;is. Tult.-n J. V. (iarviii .. ■1 12 „ 12 ,389 13 Ditto ,, San Josi' . , >i •• .M J. S. Lee J. S. Lfe J.U. (irirtin .. (' ff „ 23 D'Jl M Ditto .. Angel Dolly 18 A. Tulles » 0. U. Tlnglci Trean. Axent „ 5 U« 1.5 Ditto . . AHio T. Alger . . II •• 70 (;. E. Raynor ,. ,, Steamer " Hear" „ 25 1,.M4 16 Ditto . . Sylvia llundy .. II .. 08 J. Ii, Cathcut .. L. N. H ami)' and Kun fi fi Sept. 2 i,yj7 Il,%9 • Vessel not captured. Arrival of Scaling Schooners from Behring's Sea in 1887, as far as reported to Octobers, 1 8S7. Arrived at— Xiimo of Scliooiier, NutnbiT of Skins. Port 'riiwii-ciul Victuiiit ,, ,. .. M . • • • • • 1, •• .. •• )| ■ • • • tl • • • • • . II • • • • • • n ■ • • • < M tl •• •• 1. ,1 •• •• .. II " •• •• II It •• •• Ldttic Miiiy 'I'livlnr I'atrifiiiiliT.. lViiil"i)(! .. llllK'k DilllllDIIll ., .Mtiiiiitiiiii ('liii-r ,, Lcitlic I'liiiHcM All.'! Kiivoiitf ., 'IVri'i^ii Tiiiiiii|ilt ,, ., ,, City oi' Snn Uiigo .. . . Viii'iilcrbilt.. .. 70O 1 ,O0U •J.liOO l.ftOO iiO,-. 700 2,007 I.HH7 1 , , , \,'nn : < (80 1,187 i,;ioo I7,ai2 llccnpitiiliitioii, im rcpoitvd up to Ootober 5, 1 HH7 — HkiiLS acizoil . . . . . . tikiiis liiiidcd .. .. .. ii.oog 17,243 .1,,,.. Tntnl 20,211 1 Islands of and Robben il Coni|)aiiv, the Pribylo'ft of ti>e seal f the Vc-a," , 10'.)- 115 in , station, the he season, to Government of skins that mder Group, li some vears ring's Sen, Date. July 111 Seal!. 4;; ., 3i ;i6 „ 1« i m „ 1:1 , 018 Aug. Ti 1,379 i,8;ii „ 5I M July 1 lil „ 25 IW 1 Aug. 11 ,104 1 ,. 12 ;ui ., '2 \% ., 12 m ,, 23 891 1 ' i;ii ■ „ 25 1,S94 Sept. 2 1,597 • 11,909 to Oct obcr 5, ,909 ,243 1,2 II 179 f ' Inclosnre 3 in No. 93. • • . ■■".'.■■ Mr. Elliott to Mr. Bayard. Sir, Smiflisnv!(i)i Institution, IVusliinfftoii, D.C.. Deceuiher 3, 1887. DUUINCi tlic conrsc of my extended studies of the fur-seal on its brcedino: and liiiiiliii!;; grounds in Hehring's Sea, I was led naturally into a very careful examination of tiu' subject of its protection and perpetuation. This invcsticration caused nie to irivc nucli attention then to the ofl'cct which ))e]a;j:ic sealinj; would have upon the wi'li-bciiii; and the conservation f)f these anomalous and valuable interests of our (iovcriimcnt as we view them upon (he Pribyiol. ,(roup. Wlicn preparing:, in 1881, a final arrancjcnient of my field notes and memoranda for publication in my Monograph of the Seal Islands of Alaska (10th Census U.S. A.), the lull' Professor Baird susaested that I omit the discussion of this theme of iiela^ie sealing, lu'ciiuse it miirbt serve to invite an attack wliich otherwise would never be made upor? these preserves of our (jovernment, 'ibis attack, however, has recently been mrle, and the thought occurs to me now that a brief epitome of my study of the effect which this i)lan of scalino: will have upon the inti'fivity and value of our f'ur-bearinu: interests in lk'brinc;'s Sea— that such a brief, VL't iKcurat ', statement will be of service to you. I therefore venture to present the fdllowiiiL' transcript. It is now well understood and un(|ucstioned - 1. That the fuv-scal of Alaska is oljliscd to haul oul annually upon the Pribyloff Islands for the purpose of brecdini; and shcddiuL' its pelade. 2. 'J'hat from the time of its departure from these islands in the autumn of every year up to tlic time of its return to them in the following spring; it lands nowhere else. ?,. That it arrives en masse upon these islands in June and .Inly, and departs from them ia October and November. 4. That when leaving the islands in the fall it heads directly for, and rapidly passes out from Beliring's Sea into, the waters of the North J'aeilie Ocean. Its patlis of travel are l)(C'-lincs from the Pribyloff group to and (hrougii liie numerous passes of the Aleutian Ai(hi|)iiaL'o ; the passes of Oonimak, Akootnn, Oonaiga, Ooinnak, and the Four Miiiiiitains are most favounnl by it. 0. 'i'bat it returns from the broad wastes of the North Pacific Ocean by these same paths of departure. Therefore, if you will glance at the Map of Alaska, you will observe that the convcigence and divergence of these watery |)atbs of the fur-seal in Bchring's Sea to and filial the Seal Islands resembles tlu? spread of the spokes of a half-wheel —the Aleutian chain forms the felloe, wliile the hub into which these spokes enter is the small Piit)ylofF ;;niu|i. Tims you can see that as these watery paths of the fur-seal converge in Ik-bring's Sea ilicy, in so doing, rapidly and solidly mass together thousands and tons of thousands of wiilely scattered animals (as they travel) at points W and even 100 miles distant from the i'(K kerics of the Seal Islands. Here is the location and the opportunity of the pelagic sealer. Here is his chance to lie at anclior over the shallow iicd of Uohring's Sea, TjO and 100 miles distant I'rom the Prihylofi' {i;roup, where he has the best holding ground known to .sailors, and wiiero he can ride at any weather safely swinging to his cable and in no danger from a lee shore if it should slip, 'i'he immediate vicinity, however, of the Aleutian passes is dangerous in Uic extreme to him. 'I'hcrc he encouiiters terrible tideri|)s, swift currents, and furious Siili's formed through the entrnnecs, with the very worst of rough, rocky, holding ground. But up here, anywhere from .'$ to 1 Of). miles south of the Seal Islands, in Hehring's ^va, in that watery road of the returning fur-seal millions, ho has a safh and fine luciition from which to shoot, to spear, and to net these fur-hearing amphibians, and wiiire \w can work the most complete ruin in a very short time. His jiovver for destruction is still further augmented by tlie fact tliat those seals which nre iiuist liable to meet his eye and aim arc female fur-seals, which, heavy with young, lU'c lu'ie slowly ni'aiing the land, rehurtant to haul out of the cool water until the day and hour arrives that limits the period of their gestation. The iielagic sealer employs three agencies with which to iicure his (piairy, viz. : I le sends out Indians with canoes and K])enrs from his vessel ; he uses rifle and hall, shot-guns and buck-shot ; and last, but most deadly and destructive of all, he spreads tiie "cjilUnet" in favourable weather. [i'JR] 2 A 2 ISO With gill-nets, under run by a fleet oi sealers in Bcliring's Sen, across these convcrgini; paths of the fur-seal, ;iny where from 3 to 100 miles southerly fiom tlie Seal Islands, I am extremely moderate.' in saying tiiat such a fleet could and would utterly ruin the fur-seal rookeries of the IVibyloff Islands in less time than three or four short seasons. If these men were unchecked every foot of that waterv area of fur-seal travel in Belirinci's Sea a,l)o\e indicated could and would he traversed hy these deadlv nets, and a seal would scarcely have one chance in ten to safely pass such a cordon in attempting to go and return from its breeding haunts. Open these waters of Ikhriiig's Sea to nnehceked pelagic sealing, then a tlcct of hundreds of vessels — steamers, ships, schooners, nad what not — would inmiediately venture into them, bent upon the mo-t vigorous and indiscriminate shuii;hter of these animals. A few seasons then of the greediest rapine, then nothing left of those wonderful and \ahiahle interests of the public which are now so handsoi.nely embodied on the Seal Islands. Ciuarded and conserved as they are to-d:is been paid here to this plea of the Canadians. I'eriiaps, if our fishermen will agree not to fish in Canadian waters, the Canadians will agree not to seal in Behring's Sea? Alcantinie, there is a bill of damages on e.ach side ; for the Canadians have dealt with ureat severity, not to say brutality, with our fishermen in their waters. No. 95. The Marquis of Snlisbiiry to Sir L. West. Sir, Vorehjn Office, Vehrwmj 22, 1888. I TRANSMIT herewith, for your information, a copy of a letter from the United •States' Minister in London,* inclosing a copy of a despatch addressed to him by Mr. Bayard on the 7th instant, in which attention is called tothenecessity for the adoption of measures tor the protection of the fur-seals in Behring's Sea. I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. No. 96. The Marquis of Salisbury to Sir L. West, (Kxtrnct.) Foreign Office, February 22, 1888. ' TIIK United States' Minister called to-day at the Foreign Office, and spoke to me iibout the question of the protection of the fur seals in Behring's Sea. lie said that the difficulties in regard to the seal fisheries in that sea were mainly raniueted with the me muuir des instructions necrs- saires pour le eas ou lo Ministi>ro Imp6rial m'auloriserait a m'associcr an\ lu'gocintious sur I'objet cu question. Veuillcz, &c. (Sign6) STAAL. * No. 93. t No. 96. 183 (Transliitioii.) Dcir Lord Sjilisluiry, . London, Febnnny 21 (yfn> ^»»xl ououah to adilivsN fii u)(> on till" ."nl >[arc'li ic^spcctiiiii; tlic ])r(>i)os;il inailt' liy tlio iJoxorununit of tlic I'liitixl States of .Vuu'rica with the uhject of sottliiii; tho (jucstiou of M\«l-huutiuu; in Uchriiiiis Sea. Your Kxi-eUoiu'v haviuii; acquainted uu; of tlie desire of Her Urilauuie Majesty's (u)venuuent to have the eo-operatiou of Russia in the arnin'^einiMits To 1h» tvneorted for till' jireservatiou from ruin of an important hraneh of in(h»>try. I shall Uvse no time in infonnin;; the Imperial Government, and [ shiU ask M . (h> (oeiN to l\u'nish me \Mth the nt\vss;uy iustruetions in ease tlie [mperial (JovtnMunent shouM authorizt' me to take jwrt in the nej^otiations on the suhjcct in (piestion. (Si-iuHl) STVAL. ^o. 100. Colonial Office to Foreii/ii Office. — {Kerclced yfiurli \'X) Sir, Downing Sirert, Mivrh li. 1!>.on it. A eopy of your letterand its inclosure has heen forwarded to the tiovoruer-lieneitil witii a view to ohtainin<; au expression of tiie views of liis Ministers ujhmi it. 1 am to aihl that Lord Knutsford is inclined to view tlie ])ropos;»l of the rnited StattsCJovenuuent with favour, hut that iu> presumi-s that it will Iv made liindd Her Majesty's IJovernnient assent to it, that such assiMit will not Ix* taken as an admission of the claims of the L'nited States in IJehriniif's S(>a, which have formed ami still form the suhjcct of controversy. I am, &e. (Signed) JOHN URAMSTON. No. 101. Foreiijn OJfice to Colonial Office, Sir, Fomlaut. ivlutive to the proposals of the United States' Government for the establishment of a elose season for the fur-bearins: seals which frcciuent lJchrin||f's Sea. Hy his Lordship's diiectiou I transmit herewith lor your information a>pies of the coriYspondeiice, marked in the nuirgin,* whicli lias recently pas.-eii on this suhieet ; and 1 am to retpiest that in laying these papers before Lord Knutsford yon will chU his attention to liie instructions given to Sir L. West to inform the United States' Stvi>>tiUy of State that, in acting ipon the invitation conveyed in iMr. Bayard's des|)ateli to Mr. -MuMps of the 7th ultimo, IKr .Majesty's Government do not admit the rights of juiis»iietion oxeivised by the L'nited States' authorities in Behring's Sea during the fishing seasons of ISSti-Sr i>nt' 1SS7-S8, and that the presentation of claims on account of the wrongl'id seieun^s of Ihitish vessels engaged in the seal-tishing industry will not be atl'ecteil by sueii action. I am, &c. (Signed) JULIAN I'AUNCKFOTK. * Xoi. S8, 01), and lOU. 184 No. 102. Thr Marquis of Sullshuri/ to Sir L. West. Sir, Foreign Office, March 17, 1888. SINCE forwar(lin<< lo yoii my despatch of the 22nd ultimo I liavc been in cnmnmiiication witli llic; Hiissiaii Ambassador at this Court, and have invited iiis Exeeiiency to ascertain wlii-tlier liis (ioveniinent woukl autiiorizc; him to discnss witli Mr. Phelps and myseil' ilie suf^iresfion made by ilr. Bayard in his dcspatcli of the 7th Eehrnary, that eoncerled action slionid ho taken by the United States, Great Britain, and other interestifd J'oweis, in order to preserve from extermination the fur seals which at c(;rtain seasons ar Colonies whetiier it is conwt, as reported hy calilc from Victoria, liritisii Colnmliin, that a luimlicr of (laimdiiui sealinu: sclinoiuis liiive lieen permitted to clear for nehiing's Sea with the intention of prosecuting scal-lisliiii|K contrary to the regulations ol the United States' Ahiskaii authorities, earryiii'.' I.iikc indiiin crews for the purpose of waging war upon Atnei'icnn Uevcmic cutters, should their commanders attempt to molest tiiem. And what measures Her Majesty's Government irtend adopting tor the purpose ororriving at un mnieahlu sobition of the Alaskan Fishuries disputes. Nut. W niui O'J. ween i[. do ng war upon 185 No. 104. Foreign Office to Colonial Office. Sir, Foreign Office, March 24, 1888. r AM directed by tlie Marqui.s of Salisljury to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of tlie 2'2nd instant, calling attention to a notice of a question to be asked by Mr. Gourley in tlie HouHC of ConiinonH on the 20tli instant (1) in regard to the alleged clearing for Beiiriiig's Sea of certain Canadian sealing schooners with armed Indian crews, for the purpose of waging war upon American Revenue cutters, should the commanders of the latter attempt to molest them ; and (2) as to the measures which Her Majesty's Govern- ment intend to adopt for arriving at an amicable solution of the Alaskan Fisheries dis|)iites. With reference to the latter part of .Mr. Gourley 's ijuestion, I am lo request thjit you will state to Lord Knutslord that, althouj^li some delay is inevitable in pressing for an iniinediatc settlement of the (luestions wliich have arisen between this country and the United States in connection with the fur-seal fisheries in Behring's Sea, there is no reason to believe that any further illegal seizures of Hrilish vessels will take place, especially as the United States' Covertiineiit have invited Her Majesty's Government to negotiate a Convention for u close time, thereby admitting their claim to exclusive rights in those waters to be untenable. Lord Salisbury, however, will again endeavour to obtain assurances on the subject from the Government of the United Htates. As regards the rumours which have reached this country by telegraph from Victoria, British Columbia, of the clearanee of Canadian vessels for Behring's Sea, manned with armed Indian crews, I am to state that Lord Salisbury will be prepared to submit the matter to the Law Ollieers of the Crown, sliould the rumours in ((ucstlon be confirmed, but that if the vessels are armed, not for purposes of attack, but for purposes of resistance to illegal seizures on the high seas, it would seem difhcult to justify any interference with them on tiic jiart of Her Majesty's crnizers. In conclusion, 1 am to suggest, lor Lord Knutsford's consideration, that, in reply to Mr. Gourley's inquiry as to " what measures Her Majesty's Government intend adopting for the pur|)08C of arriving at an amicable solution of the Alaskan Fisheries disputes," it nii!,'lit he stated that the (|ucsti()n is now under tlic consideration of the two Governments concerned, but that it would be premature at this moment to say more than that Her Mnjesly's Govermncnt have no reason to doubt that a satisfactory aiTangement will be arrived at. I am, Sic. (Signed) JULIAN PAUNCEFOTE. No. 105. Colonial Office to Foreijn Office, — {Received March 20.) Sir, Downing Street, March 24, 1888. Wrril rcfercii(!(; to my letter of yesterday's date respecting a ([uestion to be iisked in tiiu House of Commons upon the subject ot the alleged clearance of Canadian sealing vessels for the Mehring's .Sea with armed Indian crews, I am directed by Lord Knutslord to tiansniit to you, to be laid Ik fore the Marquis of Salisbury, a copy of a telegram which lias this day been rectivi^d liom the (ioveriior-General of Canada. I am to reipiest to be infornied of the answer wliieh i^ord Salisbury would wish to be returned to the Governor-General ni regard to the latter nart of his telegram. I am, Ike, (Signed) .JOHN BRAMSTON. Inclosure in No 10.1. Till' Mari/iiis of Lat.sdowne to Lord Knulnford. (Telegra|.hie.) _ Ottawa, Marc', 22, 1888. 1 ilAVK rceeived your telegram of the 22nd. The press has publishecl runu)ur rrferreil to, but it is not credited here, or confirmed by infornmtion, private or oftieinl. It is, however, of great importance, in order to avoid injury to tishing interest and risk [I28J • ' 'J B 186 of further complications, to obtain from United States' Government explicit statement of its intentions as to sealers found in Beliring's Sea this season. No. 106. Count Piper to the Marquis of Sulhiburi/. — {Received March 27.) / J EN se rdfe'rant ii la note veibaic en date du 1 1 Octobre dernier, par laquelle M. le Marquis de Salisbury a exprinie le desir de connaitre si le Gouvernement du Roi acceptcrait I'invitation qui lui avait etc adressee par le Gouvernement des Etuts-Unis ii entrer dans uii arrangement concernant la peche aux pluxiues dans la mer dc Behring, le Comte Piper a I'honneur, d'ordre de son Gouvernement, de lui communiqucr ci-joint la reponse que le Comte Klirensviird a fait parvenir a ce sujet au Ministre des Fitats-Unis a Stockholm. Londres, le 24 Mnrs, 1888. ' , ■ (Translation.) WITH reference to the note verbale of the lltli October last, in which the Man|(iis of Salisbury expressed the wish to know if the King's Government would accept the invi- tation addressed to them by that of the United States to come to an arrangement concerning the seal fishery in Behring's Sea, Count Piper has the honour, by order of his Government, to communicate to Lord Salisbury the inclosed rejjly which Count Ehrcns- vtird has addressed to the United States' Minister at Stockholm on the subject. London, March 24, 1888. Inclosure in No. 106. Count Ehremv'drd to the United States' Minister nl Stockholm. Le 1.5 Mars, 1888. PAR une lettre en date du 17 Scptembre de I'ann^e passee Vous avez bien voulu, ;iu nom de Votre Gouvernement, inviter les Royaumes-Unis a entrer dans un arrangenicnt avcc les Rtats-Unis pour la prC'servatiou des phoques dans la mer de Behring. La chasse aux phoques dans ces parages n'etant, jusqu'ii present, que d'un inte'ict mininie pour les Royaumes-Unis, le Gouvernement dc Roi a cru ne pus devoir prendre part activement a cos pourparlers, lesqucls il suivra toutefois avcc toutc I'attention que nitrite I'affairc. II seiu uinsi heurcux d'apprcndre que les pourparlers engag<;s entre les Puissances interessees en premiere ligne a ee sujet aient pu nboutir a un arrangement international, et que la fnculte d'adh^rer a I'entente serait, le eiis echeant, reservdc nux autrcs Puissances. Veuillez, Sec. (SigniJ) EllRENSVARD. (Translation.) March Iti, 1888. 'N a letter dated the l7th September of last year You were good enough, in the nauic of Your Government, to invite the United Kingdoms to enter into an arrangement with tlic United States for the ])reservation of seals in Bchring's Sea. As the hunting ot seals in those regions is at present but of very slight interest to the United Kingdoms, the Government of the King have not thought it their duty to take ini active |)art in these negotiations, though they will he gliid to follow them with all the attention which the matter deserves. They will also he glad to learn that the negotiations between the Powers chielly interested have successfully resulted in an international arrnnge- ment, and that liberty will be reserved to the other Powers to join in such an arrangement should they desire to do so. Receive, iVe. (Signed) EllRENSVARI). '\. I I \\ 187 t statement No. 107. Colonial Office to Foreign Office, — {Received March 29.) Sir, Downing Street, March 28, 1888, WITH reference to the letter from this Department of the 24th instant, and to yourt of the same date, relating to the alleged clearing for Behring's Sea of certain Canadiuu scaling schooners with aimed Indian crews, for the purpose of resisting tlie American itevcnuc cutters, should the commanders of the latter attempt to molest them, I am directed by Lord Knutsford to transmit to you, to be laid before the Marquis of halisbury, a tcicgiam received from tiie Governor-Genera) of Canada, from wliich it appears tiiat tiiis rumour is not unfounc'ed. J^rd Knutsford desires to call tlie attention of Lord Salisbury to the suggestion of tiic Governor-General that the Admiralty should instruct the Admiral commanding on the 6t;ition to watch the proceedings on the spot. His Lordship would also suggest that this matter should be brought under tlu; inuiicdiiito notice ot the United States' Government in order that a definite announci;m(.'nt of their intentions during the present season with reference to the Behring's Sea healern may be obtained ; with such information Her Majesty's Government would be better able to < onsider liow further complications may best be avoided. I am, &c. (Signed) EDWARD WINGFFKLD. Inclosure in No. 107. Lord Lansdowne to Lord Knutsford. (Tc'le,'irapliic.) Ottawa, March 27, \HHH. I AiM informed by f,ieutenant-Governor of British Columbia that sealers on the point of departure (or Behring's Sea are arming the vessels and crews to resiiit capture hy AriiiMiciin Revenue cutters. Wi; think it desirable that Admiral should be instructed to watch proceedings on the spot. I have telegraphed to Licutenant-tjloveriior to issue notice cautioning scalers to refrain from any assertion of right by force of arms, and pointing out ITiavu results which might ensue from resort to arms whilst negotiations still in progreH*. It sccnis to us impossible to prevent fishermen taking on board the arms and ammunition usually lequircdfor their own protection and for use in seal-fishing. Uejjorts reach Uh from Victoiiii that United States' (iovernment has issued orders for the seizure of all scalerH found this season in Behring's Sea. Let me again urge necessity of obtaining from Uniteil States' Government definite announcement of its intentions during present linliing sciisoii iu those watcrn. No. 108. Thn Mar"n(|u, from which it u|i|M.iir» that the Hritish vessels and crews now fitting out for the approaching seaUfishmg season in Ui'lning's Sea are being armed with a view to ottering resistance to tl air capture by American eruizers when so occupied. Lord Lansdowne also reports that it is rumoured in Victoria that orders have been issiR'd by the United States' (iovernment for the seizure of all scalers found this season in lieliriiig s Sea. I r'-qiiest tliat you will inform Mr. Baynrd of the report in question, and that you will oarnesfh' represent to him the extreme ' lortance that Her Miyesty's Government should be utinblcd to contradict it. I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. [128 ' • No. 107. 2 B 2 No. 109. Foreign Office to Colonial Office. Sir, Foreign Office, March 30, 1688. I HAVE laid before the Marquis of Salisbury your letter of the 28th instant, inclosin? a telegram from the Governor-General of Canada, from which it appears that the vessels and crews now preparing for the seal-fishing season in Behring's Sea are being armed w'ith a view to offering resistance to their capture in that sea. I am to request that you will inform Lord Knutsford, in reply, that Sir L. West \m been instructed to call Mr. Bayard's attention to the rumour current in Victoria that orders have been issued by the United States' Government to capture British ships fisliiui in Behring's Sea, and he has been further directed to represent earnestly the extretut importance that Her Majesty's Government should be enabled to contradict the rumour io question. On receipt of Sir L. West's reply a further communication will be addressed to you. I am, &c. (Signed) JULIAN PAUNCEFOTH No. 1 10. ISir L. West to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received April 2.) My Lord, Washington, March 19, IHHH. I HAVE the honour to inclose to your Lordship herewith copy of a telegram wbicb I have received from Mr. Foster, the (!!anadian Minister of Marine and Fisheries, ^ well as copy of a despatch which 1 have addressed to the Marquis of Laiisdowne iu reply thereto, and which is based on unotlicial communication with the State Depaitmeut. I have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE WEST. Inclosure 1 in No. 110. Mr. Foster to Sir L. West. (Telegraphic.) Ottawa, March 6, \SHH. IT seems that Canadian sealers are recpiired to carry appeal to United States' Court, or, by failure to do that, will forfeit bonds. Can they be allowed, pending definite settV- ment between United States and Great Britain, to bond vessels and skins without obligutiou to appeal ? Inclosure 2 in No. 110. Sir L, West to the Marquis of Lunsdowne, (Extract.) Washington, March 19, IH^H. I HAVE the honour to inclose to your Excellency herewith copy of a tele;j;rauj which I have received from Mr. Foster, your Excellency's Minister of Marine »nd Fisheries, relative to pending proceedings in the cases of Canadian sealers seized iv Behring's Sea, and, in reply, to inform your Excellency that ttie Attorney-General lias stated that Rule X of the Practice in Admiralty and Rules of iI:j Supreme Court (iH87i make it plain that the confiscated ships can be bonded pending Hpjjeal. No. m. The Marquis of Salisbury to Sir L. West, t - • • • Sl», ^ . Foreign Office, Aiirin,\Hbb. THE United States' Minister called upon me to-day, previous to his return l« America. Ilo was anxious to speak to me especially with reference to the coiidilion of 1(j» seal-fishery in Uchring'a Sea. 189 He expressed the hope that instructions would soon arrive «»hrch would enable the Russian Ambassador to negotiate on the subject of establisliJHjf n drwc time tliirin^ which the capture of seals in certain localities should not l)e i)*inmtUr(i ; nnd he arltled that, whenever that Convention could be arranged, it would put *« ewd trt all the difficulties which had arisen with respect to the seal-fishery in that wta, Mr, Phelps was very anxious for dispatch because tlj« sf; of rcri;lcriii^' the ne!?otiation easier to conclude, or for supplying the place «>( it ufttW the conclusion was obtained. He informed me, therefore, unofficially, tii it be irM ffmvft] from Mr. Bayard '\ private letter, from which he read to me a passage to tb« fAicmhKff f;ffef f : — "I shall advise that secret instructions be given t<} Sutummi frriiizcrs not to molest British ships in Behring's Sea at a distance from tlie sbon', myitUU (m t\u: ground that the »ec;ntiafions for the establishment of a close lime are going «^*/' Rut, Mr. Phelps added, there is every reason tliat lJji(* «Jftj> should not become pnhlie, as it might give encouragement to the destruction <>f'¥<'^<|* (ib'it i-t taking place. I suggested to him that it would be desirable for J/«<1 (/ii>«/|ownc to know of it, as Kw Kxcellency was much embarrassed by the measures fur i*4f''Urfenc.p, wliiel> were being fakfn i)y some of the sealing-ships that were fitting out lra'He time be cx[)r('sse(l the hope that. I would represent to Lord Lansdowne the importaf«.w f4 Krdmnx clearance, if he f.m\(\ do so, to all ships going out from ports in 15ri(is.b ('tAomhhx tn shoot seals in Bfhring's Sea during close time, that is to say, from the l.'yt)* \ptH t(i the I«t November. He also said he '.lesumed that any Convention for exf«-m( sf (w»lice in Behring's Sea must, in the ease America and Great Britain, be supjM/iHtftcJ by legislation ; and he wrmlfl be very glad i ler Majesty's Government would try ttt nitUutt the rcfjuisite jjowers rlnring the present Sc aion. i replied that the matter should have our immediate aHunuiuni, 1 am, ke. (Hiifimi) SALISBURY. No. 112. Sir L, West to the jVorf/MfV of Salinhury. -dieffittd April 4.) fTele2;raphic ) W>n>h(mjlfm, Af/rir.\, 1888. J HAVB made representation to Secretary of State a» thn-(U(\ in your teleiiratn (A the 30th ultimo. He begs me to inform your l>ordi>iM(f tUni no orders have been i««ned for capture of British ships fishing in Beiiriiig's Sea. No. 113. Foreign Office to Colonial Offiie, *ir, l^>,r>^i>jn Office, April .'), 1888. WITH reference to your letter of the '2>"lb ultinw, I hih lUtcrtcA by the Marfpiis ni Salisbury to state to you, lor the information of Swrft<»r*' \/>tii Knntsford, that u f.«l<^'»i'arn has been received from Her Majesty's Miin^ter at iV««>iiirigton reporting that the United States' Secretary of State bus informed biin lb«t lut /rfders have been issued hy the (lovernment of the United Slates for the captuHf o) ({riti^h ships fishing in fS^hring's Sea. 1 am, Ike. (Signed; JVUAtt PAUNCEFOTB. 190 No. 1 14. Colonial Office to Foreign Office. — (Received April 1 1 .) Sir, Downimj Sired, April 10, 1888. I AM ilivected by Lord Knutst'ord to transmit to you, to l)e laid before the Marquis of Salisbury, an extract of a despatch from the Governor-General of Canada respecting the question of bonding the British scaling-vesscls captured by the United States' cruizersin liehrin2;'s Sea during- last season, and again urging the desirability of obtaining from llie Government of the United States a distinct intimation of its intentions with regard to tlie approaching season. L am, &e. (Signed) .lOHN BRAM8T0N. Inclosure in No. 1 14. The Marquis of Lansdowne to Lord Knutsford. .'«! (Extract.) Government House, Ottawa, March 21, 1886. I AM given to understand by my Minister of Marine and Fisheries that permis- sion has actually been given to the owners of the British vessels to bond them pending appeal, provided that the sureties are citizens of the United States and resident tlier'iin. fie has, however, learnt that the British Columbian owners who arc concerned in this matter are not willing to bond their vessels if they are tiiereby bound to carry an appeal to the United States' Courts, and if, by not proceeding with the appeal, they would thereby forfeit their bonds. It lias, moreover, been suggested that, by giving bonds pending an appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States, the owners might tliereliy place the matter outside the scope of any diplomatic negotiations which may take place upon this subject, a result which they would naturally be desirous of avoiding. They have now inquired whether it would be possible for them to bond their vessels, &c., pending, not an appeal to the Supreme Court, but the diplomatic settlement of the question which has arisen in connection with the seal fishery in these waters. I shall be glad if Her Majesty's Government will invite the attention of that of the United States to this request, which should l)c attended to as soon as possible. From i ormation which I have received, there is reason to believe that tiie seal-skins on board of these vessels will be sold at Sitka on the 10th April. In connection with the subject of this despatch, I venture again to call your attention to the inquiry made in my telegram of the yist March, i887> in regard to the action likely lO be taken during the present year by cruizers (»f the United States in Beliring's Sea against scalers frequenting these waters. The uncertainty as to this lins had a very prejudicial cil'ect upon the fishing interests of Uritish Columbia, and I would urge that, botli in order to avoid this inconvenience, and also in order to obWate the risk of further friction between the two Governments, an explicit statement of its intentions should be obtained from that of the United Slates with as little delay ns possible. It is, I think, obvious that an intcrnationiil arrangement whereby a close time would be established for fur-seals within certain limits is not likely to be arrived nt in time to provide for the requirement'^ of the fishing season of this year. I have communicated a copy of this despatch to Sir Lionel West. ■.,.;- (.?! 191 , •:; No. 116. Foreign Office to Colonial Office. Sir, Foreinn Office, April U, 1888. I LAID before the Marquis of Salisbury your letter of the lOtli instant, together with the despatch from the Marquis of Lansdowno therein inclosed, respecting the bonding of British sealing-vesscls captured by United States' cruizers in Behring's Sea (hiring hist season, and again urging the desirability of obtaining from the United States' (iovernnient a distinct intimation of their intentions with regard to the appioiu^liing season. On tliis latter point my other letter of this day will have made known lo the Secretary of State for the Colonies Lord Salisbury's views. With regard to the question of "tlie bonding for appeal vessels or cargoes condemned to forfeiture by the District Court of Alaska," I am directed by Lord Salisbury to observe that the arrangement proposed in paragraph 5 of Lord Lansdowne's despatch would operate as an abandonment of the right of appeal without any certain pios])ect of a remedy by diplomatic action, flis Lordship would therefore suggest, for the consideration of Lord Knutsford, whether it might not be prcfcrai)le to propose to llie United Slates' (Jovernmcnt that the time limited for the prosecution of the appeals should he extended by consent for such period as may allow of a settlement by diplo- matic negotiation, without prejudice to the ultimate legal remedy by appeal, sliould such negotiation be unsuccessful. As regards the sureties. Lord Salisbury does not think that reasonable objection can be taken to the stipulation that they should be citizens of the United States and resident therein, and therefore within the jurisdiction of tlie American Courts. I am, &c. (Signed) JULIAN PAUNCEFOTE. No. 117. »SJr L. West to the Marquis of Salisbury, — {Received April 16.) My Lord, WaMmjton, March •ll , IHHS. 1 HAVE the honour to inclose to your Lordship herewith copies of a letter addressed to Senator Dolph, of Oregon, by Mr. .lames G. Swan, Assistant (Collector of Port 'lownsend, Washington Territory, relative to fur-seals in the waters of Alaska and in the Behring's Sea. The migration of the New England fishermen to the Pacific coast, and their deter- mination to assert the right to lish or hunt iu the American waters of Behring's Sea, outside of 3 nautical miles frcmi any island or the mainland of Alaska, will have an important bearing on the jurisdiction claimed by the United States' for the bcneiit of the Alaska Commerciul Company. .,....•, ,1 I have, &c. . (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE WRST. . Inclosurc in No. 117. ")()//• Congress. — Sknate. — .Mis. Doc. No. IS. In twv, Sknatk or tu United States. Mtnrh Id, l&>i^8. — Presented iiy Mr. Dolph, and ordered to lie on the tabic and be printed. I.illcr (if Jiiiiii.i G. Siran, Jusistaiil Collector, Port Tomnsend, IVastiiiigtaii Triritoiy, relalirr lo Fur iScals in the tViiters of Alaska and in the liehriin/s /Scf/. ^'^niiUn: ^ Port Townseiid, Washington, March 7, 1888. I HAVE lilt! honour to inform you of the arrival hereof tlie (irsL vessel of (he •lltMiccstcr, MassacbuscttH, lishini;, Heel -the schooner "Mollio Adams," Captain, I ohiison, 192 which arrived here on the 3rd instant. This vessel is owned by Captain Solomon Jacobs, of Gloucester, who has taken command of her, and she sails to-day on a sealing expedition from oft' the mouth of the Columbia, following the herd north. Seals are reported as being unusually numerous this season and are in myriads. California steamers report running tlirough one herd which extended 100 miles, and the seals appeared to be as thick as they could swim. After the sealing season is over the schooner will engage in the halibut and cod fishery and send their catch in ice to ihe Eastern markets. Another of Captain Jacobs' schooners, tlie "Webster," will be here in April, and several others will be here tliis season. Next year l)etween fifty and sixty vessels are expected, and they will be followed by others, and witliin two years a colony of several hundred of these fishermen will be here to develop the wealth now dormant and hidden in our waters. Since 1 returned from Queen Cbarlotte's Island, in 18S3, I have persistently urged on Professor Baird the necessity of sending one of the United States' Fisli Commission steamers to the Pacific to develop our fisheries, and shortly before Professor Baird's lamented death ho wrote me that the " Albatross " would be sent to our waters, and she is now on her way out. These Gloucester fishermen will render valuable assistance to Captain Tanner. It is to the fisliernien of Gloucester, Cape Cod, and the coast of Maine that the United States' Pish Commission is largely indebted for much of tiie valuable information respucting the Atlantic fisheries, which has been published by that admirable Bureau of the Smillisonian Institution. Hitiierto no protection has been given our Pacific fishermen by our Government. The 'i'reaty of 1S|8 does not alhu'i' to tiie Pacific coast, nor does tlie present Treaty, so far as 1 am informed, make any provision for or allusion to the fisheries of tiie North Pacific. Britisli Columbia is, as it were, sandwiched between Washington and Alaska; our interests are identical, and at present the most harmonious and kindly feeling exists between tiie people of British Columbia and ourselves. Every steamer for Alaska which takes the inside passage passes through the waters of Britisli Columbia, affording a means of delightful recreation to thousands of tourists. This kindly feeling should be encouraged, and particularly in reference to our fishermen who wish to fish the waters of the coast from the Columbia to Alaska. But these New England fishermen ask more than to fish along the coast ; they wish to explore the waters of Behring's Sea and the Arctic Ocean, and to be permitted to take any of the products of the ocean in American waters without the annoyance they have been subjected to for so many years on the Canadian coasts of the Atlantic. Ever since tlie lease of the Pribylov Islands to the Alaska Commercial Company, that powerful monopoly has persistently deceived the Congress of the United States and the American people by arrogantly asserting that all the fin seals of the North Pacific Ocean congregate on the Islands of Saint Paul and St. George, and that the indiscriminate slaughter of those seals would soon exterminate the race. The latter part of this assertion is true, but the first, I assert, is a physical impossibility. The seals of the North Pacific, in countless myriads, could not, by any process of their own, find room on those two comparatively insignificant islands, and I am prepared to prove that the southern seals, from the Gulf of Tehuantepec and Gulf of Calilbrnia, which come nortli every season, differ from the seals of the Pribylov Islands, and never " haul out " on that group. The indiscriminate slaughter of fin seals in early days on the Island of Massafuero, on the coast of Chile, and on the San Benito Islands of Lower California, drove the seals away from those once famous rookeries, and they .seem to have acquired new habits. A paid writer of the Company, Henry W. Elliott, in an otherwise excellent monograph on the fin seal islands of Alaska, boldly asserts that the seals of the North Pacific all congregate on the I'rihyluv Islands. He further asserts that those seals iiave their ])ups on land, and that if a pup is thrown into the water it cannot swim, but will sink like a stone, and takes me to task for asserting that the pups of the seals taken at Cape Flattery can swim as soon as horn and even when taken alive from the mother's womb.* Ill l." I was instructed by Professor Baird to investigate the habits of the (in seals and to make a Keport thereon, whicli Report may be found in the Ihdletin of the United States' Pish Commission (vol. iii, 1883, p. 201). In that Report I have shown hy thirteen witnesses, some of them Government officials, that the tin seals of Cape Flattery do have their pups in the water, on the kelp and at other places not yet discovered, and that the pups swim as soon as born ; this evidence as against Mr. Elliott's • Uiiituvl Slates' Conmilssion of Fi«li and Finliurics, Spocial Bulletin 17(', n Vonoii»|ili o'' tlie Si'dl [ilninH of AInska, by Ilciiry \V. lilliolt, 1882, p. 106, Innl pnrnBrnpli. 193 unsupported, dogmatic assertion that the pups will sink like a stone. I believe that Mr. Elliott is correct so far as the seals of the Pribylov Islands are concerned, and I know that I am correct so far as regards the seals of Cape Flattery, and, believing that both of us are correct, it proves incontestably that the seals whii;li come from the south to Cape Flattery differ in their habits from those of Behring's Sea. These eastern fishermen, knowing the value of the rookeries, are desirous that the law protecting the seals on the Pribylov Islands, as well as the provisions of the lease to the Alaska Commercial Company, should he rigidly enforced. But they do not believe that tlie term " adjacent waters " named in that lease ever meant or was intended to mean all the waters of the North Pacific Ocean. They believe that they, as American citizens, have a right to fish or hunt in the American waters of Behring's Sea, outside of 3 nautical miles from any island or the mainland of Alaska. They believe that William H. Seward did not purchase Alaska for the Alaska Commercial Company, but for the wliole nation. These fishermen from New England demand as a right that they be permitted to pursue their honourable business in the American waters of the North Pacific, Behring's Sea, and the Arctic without being treated as criminals and hunted down and seized and imprisoned by the piratical Revenue cutters of the United States, at tlie diction and for the sole benefit of the Alaska Commcicial Comi)any. These fisheunen already here, and the colonies which will be here next year with their fleets of schooners, arc of vastly more importance to the American nation than the monopoly of the Alaska Commercial Company. And they have requested mo to address you. Senator, and other Senator:*, respectfully asking you to kindly look into this question, and have it ordered by the Treasury Department that American citizens can take any of the products of the ocean outside of 3 niarine miles from any island in Behring's Sea or the coasts of the mainland of Alaska. Hitherto the outrageous arrogance and assumption of the Alaska Commercial Company has been only met by feeble protests from merchants of San Francisco and a few Portland traders. But now a new order of things is about being inaugurated. An intelligent and valuable class of New England fishermen are coming here to reside among us and become citizens of Oregon, Washington, and Alaska. They know their rights as American citizens, and they are determined to have their rights. It is time that the farce played by the Alaska Commercial Company was ended, and that llie sorry sight of American Ilevenuc cutters hunting down our own citizens for the henefit of that huge monopcly should for ever cease. I have given this subject careful attention for many years, but have had no occasion to take any particular interest in it until now, and now is the time to speak and act. These determined, energetic fishermen of New England are here, and more coming. All they ask is their right as American citizens to hunt and fish in American waters outside ;i miles from land. Strictly enforce the law prohibiting the taking of seals on the l'rii)ylov Islands ; strictly enforce tiie law prohibiting the introduction of spirits or fire- arms among Indians ; but give tlie fishermen the right to develop the wealth in our waters, encourage them to make new discoveries, aid them in every legal manner to pursue their avocations, and they will prove a new source of wealth to our Pacific States, and add to our population a new and a most desirable element. I have luul the honoiw. Senator, to address Senator Mitchell and Senator Stanford upon this impiirtant (|ucstion, and if there are any points on which you would like furtiier information, I shall esteem it an honour if you will address me, and 1 will give you nil the information I po.ssess. 1 want to see Behring's Sea and all American waters open to 'iirnt'stly and respectfully solicit your kind consideration of American fishermen, and the question. I Tlie Hon. Joseph N. IMpIi, Senator in Congress from Oregon. I have, &c. (Signed) JAMES G. SWAN. [128] L> C 194 No. ]18. ' " Sir L. IVeat to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received April \G.) My Lord, Wushitujton, March 31, 1S8S. I HAVE the honour to acknowledge tlie receipt of your Lcrdship's despatcli of the ITtli instant, and to inclose herewith copy of a note which I addressed to tlie Secretary of State in the sense of that despatch, as well as copy of tlie reply which I have received thereto. I have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE WEST. Inclosure 1 in No. 118. Sir L. West to Mr. Bayo: d. Sir, WuslmKjton, March 26, 1S88. WITH reference to the proposed concerted action hy Great Britain, the United States, and otiier interested Powers, in order to preserve from extermination the fur seals which at certain .seasons are found in Behring's Sea, I am requested hy the Marquis of Salishury to inform you that the Ihissian Amhassivdor in London has heen communicated with on the suhject, and that he has referred to his Government for instructions. But in making this communication to you, I am instructed to state that this action on the part of Her Majesty's Government must not be taken as an admission of the rights of jurisdiction in Behring's Sea exercised there hy the United States' authorities during the fishing seasons of 1886-87 and 1887-88, nor as affecting the claims which Her Majesty's Government will have to present on account of the wrongful seizures which have taken place of British vessels engaged in the seal-fishing industry. I have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE WEST. Inclosure 2 in No. 118. i . f. , Mr. Bayard to Sir L. IVest. Sir, Department of State, Waxhinyloii, March 30, 1888. I HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your note of the 26th instant, in which you inform the Department that the action of Her Majesty's Government in respect to the proposal of this Government for an arrangement to protect the i'ur-seal from extermination in Behring's Sea is not to be taken as an admission of the jurisdiction of the United States over Behring's Sea, nor as aflecting the claims which Her Majesty's Government will have to present on account of the seizure of certain British vessels in those waters. I have, &c. (Signed) T. F. BAYARD. No. 119. Sir L. fVesl to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received April III.) My Lord, Washimjlon, April 5, 1888. WITH reference to my despatch of the I9th March, I have the honour to inclose to your Lordship herewith copy of a Memorandum sent to nie hy tlie lawyer engaged 195 in llie case of ccitain seal-skins ordered to be sold at Sitka, from which your Lordship will perceive that the matter has been satisfactorily adjusted. I have communicated this Memorandum to the Marquis of Lansdowne. I have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE WEST. Inclosure in No. 1 19. Memorandum bij Mr. Benjamin. THE District Judge for Alaska having refused to admit British Columbian claimants to the privileges of the Attorney-General's Order of last December, prescribing tliat condcnmcd sealing-vcssels and cargoes might be released to their late owners, ponding iippcal, upon supersedeas bonds, with sureties, residing in Alaska, California, Oregon, or Washington Territory (said District Judge contending that the Order related only to the cases of American claimants), I laid before the Attorney-General, on the lilst ultimo, the case of the British owner of 1,400 seal-skins, ordered to be sold under Condemnation Decree at Sitka on the 18tb instant, said owner having tendered a valid appeal bond with sureties, residing at San Francisco. To-day, during my attendance upon the Attorney-General, he sent a joint telegram to the District Judge and tlie District Attorney at Sitka, advising them that his Order of last December was intended to apply to all claimants, irrespective of nationality. The telegram will go by mail from Port Townscnd, and will reach Sitka before the day of sale in due course. i'lie Attorney-General expressed his dissatisfaction with the course of the officers at Sitka in putting so narrow a construction upon the original Order. (Signed) CHARLES F. BENJAMIN, Counsellor-at-Law. Washinijton, April 4, 1888. No. 120. Sir L. West to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received April 16.) My Lord, Washington, April G, 1888. WITH reference to your Lordship's despatch of the 30th March, I have the honour to inclose herewith copy of a note which I addressed to Mr. Bayard, representing the importance of enabling Her Majesty's Government to contradict the report that orders liad been issued by the United States' Government for the capture of British ships fishing in Bohring's Sea. I luui previously received a communication in the above sense from the Marcjuis of Lansdowne, and at an interview which 1 had with the Secretary of State he stated to me that no such orders had been issued, which information I telegraphed to your Lordship on the 3rd instant. I have since received a fin-thor telegram from the Marquis of Tjansdowne, copy of which is inclosed, re(|ucsting to know whether his Government is to understand that scalers will not be molested except within the marine league from the shore. I accordingly again calletl on Mr. Bayard, and he repeated to me, in reply to my question ill the above sense, that no orders had been issued for the capture of scalers in Bohring's Sea. He presumed that the orders I alluded to as having been issued some years ago were instructions under Statute (see l,9ijG Revised Statutes) for the regulation of tiie seal fisiiery in the waters ot'Alaskn. I'endiug international negotiations on this subject, he did not think it was expedient to answer my (jnestion in so far as it related to the aiarine league limit, tis these negotiations had for object the general protection and lavscrvation of tlu' seal in all waters. He did not wish to see another British or .\nu'ricuii sealer seized, nnd hoped that no such seizures woidd occur. I have, &c. (Signe.l) L. S. SACKVILLE WEST. [12S] 2 C 2 196 Inclosurc 1 in No. 120. Sir L. fVrst to Mr. Bayard. Mr, IVaihiiujton, April 2, 1888. I HAVE the honour to inform }ou that tlic Minquis of Salisbury has received intimation from the Canadian Government to tlie effect that (irders have Iteen issued by the United States' Government for the capture of British sliips fisliini; in Rehiinfi's Sea, and that he has telegraphed to me to represent earnct;tly the extreme ini])ortance of enabling Her Majesty's Government to contradict this rumour. I have, tkc. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILI.E WEST. Inelosure 2 in No. 120. The Marquin of Lcinsdoinie to Sir L. Went. (Telegraphic.) April 5, 1888. IN reply to your telegram of the 3rd .April, there is an impression here that orders were issued some years ago by United States' Government to Collector at San Francisco for seizure of vessels found in Bchring's Sea, and that these orders have never been withdrawn. May we understand our sealers will not he molested except within the marine league from shore ? No. 121. The Marquis of Sati.shuri/ to Sir li. Moricr.* Sir, Forviijii Office, April \G, 1888! THE Russian Ambassador and the United States' Chnrge d'Aft'aires called upon me this afternoon to discuss the question of the seal fisheries in Behring's Sea, which imd been brought into prominence by the recent action of the United States. The United States' Government had expressed a desire that some agreement should be arrived at between the three Governments for the purpose of ])rohihiting the slaughter of the seals during the time of breeding ; and, at my recjucst, M. de Staal had obtained instructions from his Government on that question. At this preliminary discussion it was decided provisionally, in order to furnish a basis for negotiation, and without definitively i)ledging our Governments, that the space to be covered by the proposed Conventi(m should he the sea l)etwecn America and Russia north of the 47th degree of latitude ; tliat the close time siiould extend from the 15th April to the 1st November; that during that time the slaughter of all seals should be forbidden ; and vessels engaged in it should bo liable to seizure by the cniizers of any of tiie three Powers, and should be taken to the port of their own nationality for condemnation ; that the traflic in arms, alcohol, and powder should be prohibited in all the islands of those seas ; and that, as soon ns the three Powers had concluded « Convention, they should join in submitting it for the assent of the other Maritime Powers of the northern seas. The United States' Charge d'Affaires was exceedingly earnest in pressing on us the importance of dispatch on account of the inconceivable slaughter that had been and was still going on in tuese seas. He stated that, in addition to the vast quantity brought to market, it was a common practice for those engaged in the trade to shoot all seals they might meet in the open sea, and that of these a great number sank, so that their skins could not be recovered. I am, &c. (Signed) SAL1SBUI{V. • Also 10 Sir L. Wi'sl. 197 No. 122, The Marquts of Salisbury to Sir L. West. — (Substance tdrgraphrJA Sir. Foreiijn Ojficr, AftiilM, ISSS. HEIv ilrtjosty's Government have had under considcrftl ion tlio jKirtiouIius ivivivod hy them in ro^ard li> the claims of Britisli sealinfj-vessels seized in Bohrins>"s Sea. and warned ofl I>v tlie I'nited States' antliorities. Tlu'v consider tliat it woidd be ditticult to arrive at a just estimalo ot" the an.ount of the I'laims in question without an investigation hy a Mixed Con\uussion into the oinuni'tances under winch tliese claims liave arisen, which recjuirc vciilicrtlion. 1 liavo accordingly to request you to ascertain whether the United State-i' (iovern- iiunt would agree to the appointment of a Mixed Commission, wiio>c tunctious should he restricted to iiujuiring whether any compensation is due, and, if so, how nuich in c.ith case. I am, &c. (Signed) S.M.ISIU'KY. arinc leasiic No. 123. Foreign Office to Colonial Office* Si I. Foreign Office, .l/iuV 20, 188S. I .VM directed by tiie Marquis of Salisbury to transmit to you a copy of a des|);»tcli wliich his Lordship has addressed to iler Majesty's Ambassador at S'. IVtershurgh and Ilcr Mnjcsty's Minister at Washington.t recording a convers.afiou he lias had with the l\iis>iau Andiassador and the United States' Charge d'AHaires at this Court, on tlu> siihj.'ct of the measures which might be adoi ted to check the iudiscriminaio .^laughter of seals in lUdiring's Sea. lam I ' rctpicst that, in laying the inclosed despatch before Her Majesty's Secretary of St.nte for the Coloiues, you will move him to favour Lord S.alisbury with any observa- lions he may have to otler upon the proposals discussed therein. 1 am, &c. (Signed) .TULIAX IWUNrKlWriv No. 124. Colonial Office to Foreign Office. — (Received .Ijull 21.) Sir, Donning Strerl, .I(sorvations "liicli he may have to oifer. a copy of a telegram from the ttovernor-lJeueral of raiiixla respecting the cases of the British sealers captured last year. I am, S;c. (Signed) JOHN nUWMSTON. Inclosure in No. 124. Tite Marquts of Lansclowne to Lord Knutsford. (Tclograi)hic,) " .|i.rt7 IS, IS^S. rr seems very desirable time for appeal be extended ns long as possilile. United States' Government should, in the interim, release vessels and skins on security abide by ooiulitions of negotiations. Owners woidd desire to appeal as last resort shouhl negotia- tions fail. • Al»u lo Do.ird of Tradi" and Adr.iiraltv. t N... ;.i 198 No. 126, Sir L. West to the Marquis of SHlisbury. — {Received April 23.) My Lord, Washington, April 11, 1888. AVITH rct'eicncc to my despatch of the 6th instant, I have the honour to inclose to your LordHhip herewith copy of a private note which T have received from Mr. Bayard, repeatiu-j what he had told me on the (ii'u instant, that no orders had l)een issued this year for the seizure of Hritish scaling-vessels in Behring's Sea. I have ibrwarded copy of Mr. Bayard's note to the Marquis of Lansdowne. I have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE WEST. Inclosure in No. 125. Mr. Ihnjnnl to Sir L. West. Dear Hir Lionel, JJcpdrlinent of State, IVasliinijtoii, April 10, 1888. KI'jFEIMUNG to our converHation held on the Otli instant in a personal interview in relation to the Treasury orders for tlie seizure of Ih'itish scaling-vessels in Behring's Sea by United States' llevdime cutters, 1 now repeat, at your request, what I then told you in reply to the mcni(»randuni of in(|uiry by Lord Salisbury, that no orders on the -subject loferred to had been issued this year by the Treasury IJcpartment. Very truly yours, (Signed) T. F. BAYARD. No. 126. Colonial Offiee to Foreign Office. — (Rereired April 24.) Sir, Downing Street, April 24, 1888. WITH rcferci.cc to the previous correspondence relating to the seizure of British fishing-vessels in Behring's H(!a by United States' cruizers, I am directed by Loul Knutsf(.rd to transmit to you, to bo laid before the Marquis of Salisbury, a copy of a confidential despatch received from the riovcrnor-Ueneral of Canada, inclosing copies of telegrams which have passed between his Lordship and the Lieutenant-Governoi of British Columbia respecting the arming of sealing-vessols to resist capture by the United States' cruizers. I am, !xc. (Signed) .JOHN BRAMSTON. Inclosure 1 in No. I'JO. The Min'muK of Lansdowne to Lord Knutxford. My Lord. Qovernmenl House, Ottawa, Marvh 29, 1888. I IIAVK thd lioiiourto transmit, for your Lordship's information, cojues of ti'legnim> which I have niceived from the Lioutenant-Ciovernor of llritish Cohuubia, dated tin' 27tb Miul I'Dlh instant, stating thai the owners of scaling-vessels now on the point of depurturc for the Hehring's S(!(' are arming their vessels and crews to resist capture by Lnitcil Stales' cruisers. I also inclose a copy of my reply to the former of the^e telegiams. I have, 9ii'.. (Signed) L.ANSDOWNi:. LscIoHure - in No. 12(). l.icntenanl-diivernnr Nelson to lite lilarquls if Lansdowne. (Telcgrnpbic.) Vietoria, lirilish Cuhiwhia. Marrh 20, ^^>^i^.^ MV (iovcrnment has rocfivcd information that scitlcr-, on point of depaitiif' '"r Behring's Sea, are arming their vcHHels and crews to resist capture. 199 Inclosurc 3 in No. 126. The Marquis of Laimdowne to Lieutenant-Governor Neliso)i. (TcIcRraphic.) Ottawa, March 27, 1888. IN' rcj)ly to your telegram of the 2nth, pultlic notice should be issued by your Government, ciiulioning persons fj;oin<]f on sealing expeditions to refrain from assertion ul' their riglits l)y force, and from taking on board arms and ammunition in excess of tlieir usual re(|uircments. The wliole matter forma tlie subject of diplomatic negotia- tions now in progress. Any intemperate action in the meanwhile would be most (lotrinu'utul to IJritish Columbian interests, and might lead to serious complications, and 1j: tollowed by grave consequences. Incbsure 4 in No. 126. Lieutenant-Governor Nelson to the Marquin of Lansdowne. |'relegrai)hic.) Victoria, British Columbia, March 29, 1888. IT IK reported tliat, with a view to protecting their vessels and property from lawless ilesiuns of United States' Cjovernment, some persons, fitting out here for sealing, are aitnirig tiieir vessels uiul crews, and unless i)r<)tection is afforded by Imperial (iovcrnment, .icrious loss of property, and possibly Inunan life, nuiy result. Dominion Government are therefore urged to take sucli steps ibr tlie protection of Ikitish interests in Bchring's Sea iiH may lie deemed advisable. No. 127. Admirallji to hhreign Office, — {Received April 20.) Sir. Admirally, April 25, 1888. MV Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty have had under their consideration your l(!tter of the 20tii instant, inclosing a i^opy of a despatch, dated the Ifttti instant, whicli lias been addressed l)y Lord Salisl)ury to Her Majesty's Ambassador at St. Peters- biirjfh and Her Majesty's Minister at Washington in regard to tiie adoption of niensures to chock the indiscriminate slaughter of seals in Hchring's Sea. '.'. My Ijords request tliat yon will state to Ijord Salisbury that their Lordships full corieiM- in tlio views set forth in the inclosure U) your letter now under reply. I am, &c. (Signed) EVAN MACGRI^GOR. No. 128. Colonial Office to Forciijn OJfire. — {Received April 20.) Sir l)ov>nintj Street, April 25, 1888. I AM directed by Lord Knutsford to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the ^Otii instant, transmittmg a copy of a dtispatch addressed to Her Majesty's Ambassador at Kt. IVtersburgh respecting the proposed osiablisiiment of a close time for seals in Ik'hring's Sea.* In reply, 1 am to inclose, for the information of the Manpiis of Salisbury, a copy uf tliu extender of a telegram which was sent to the Govcrnor-iJenera' of Cauaihi, on his bordhhip's suggestion, iii(|uiriug whether tlu; Dominion fJovernment ivere aware of any olijection to the proposed arrangement. I am also to inclose a copy nl a despatch from Lord Lansdowne, in the two I'lijieluding panigraplis of which he points out that the probable ellect of the proposed 'liise time on the operations of llu- Cunadian Healers would be to exclude them oom- |ili'tr!y from tlie rights wliicli they have until lately enjoyed without (|iieslion or iniilcstation.* In tliesc circumstances, it is probable that the United States' proposals may not be • No. lit). ?00 ncceptcil by C'iinada witliout rost'ive, and Loril Kniitst'ord would suggest that, pendin"' tlic receipt of the observations ol' tlie Dominion Government in response to tl)e invitation contained in his despatcii of the Sth March, referred to by Lord Lansdownc, no final action should be taken in the matter. I am, &c. (Signed) IIOBEIIT G. W. UEllBEHT. Inclosure 1 in No. 128. Lord Kniitsford to the Mitnjuis of Lnnsdowne. My Lord, Downinij Street, April 21, 1883. I ll.Wl'j the honour to acquaint you that I iiavc this day teiegrapiied to you, with reference to your despatch of tlie 9th instant, that nej;otiations are proceeding between Rui-sia, the I'nit'.'d States, and Great liritain with regard to the establislmient of a close time, diiriuLf which it would be unlawful to kill seals at sea, in any manner, to the north of the 47ih panillel of latitude betwee;) tlie coasts of Russia and America, and in(iuired whether your (Joveinnicnt was aware of any objection to the proposed arrangement. I added th;U, of course, as regards Canadian waters, Canadian legislation would be necessary. I have, &c. (Signed) KN UTS FOR I). Inclosure 2 iu N'o. 128. The Muniuiti of Lansdowiie to Lord Kiiutsford. (Extract.) (iorcrnment House, Otliiira, April 0, 188S. IN reference to my desjiatcli of the 2'Jth March, I have the honour to iiu'lose herewith copy of a telegram, dat(;d the 5tli instant, from the Attorney-Gcuernl of Britisii Colmnbia to Sir .Joim Macdonald, ac(iuainting him that my telegram, of which a copy was sent to you in the above despatch, bad been published iu tiie provincial press ns a warning to sealiiig-vessels, and that there was reason to believe that these vessels liad, in couserpievice of the intinuition thus given, ceased to arm them- selves for the purpose of resistiiii;- the eruizers of the United States. I have forwarded to you by this mail copies of a telegram received from Sir L. West in reference to the probable action of these cruizers during the present season, and of a telegram addressed to him by me in reply. 1 observe that tiio iiifornuition obtained by Sir Liiuiel West from j\Ir. Mayiud, which is iIk same as that conniumicated to me in your telegraphic des|)at('h of the 0th instant, is u'creiy to tlie ell'cct that no orders have lieen issued by (lie United St:ites for the eaptiui' of Uritisii siiijjs lisliing in the Rebring's Sc;a. I need scarcely point out tliivt this is not eipiivalent to an assurance tiiat such vessels will not be molested excej)! wlicu found wiiliiu the :{-mile limit, and that we are not informed whether any orders wliicli have lieen already issued in tins coiineelion are or are not still in I'orce. 1 neeij scarcely point out liuit the close time for seals, referred to in your telegram, is cieaied uiuler a Statute of the United States, which is not obligatory except upon the sultjecls of that Power. The proposal conti.ined in tiio inclosure to your Confidential tlespatcli of liie wih Marcli, 1888, the adoption of a similar close season by British fishermen is at iiresent receiving tUe careful consideration of n\y Government. Such a close time could obviously not he imposed upon otu' lishernicn without notice or without a fuller disi'ussiim than it has yet undergone. You are aware that, during the close time enforced bv the I'niled Slates' Statute, the seals, although protected from slaughter by the use of lircaiins, may be killed in great numbers on their brecding-groundH by the persons who enjoy the monopoly of the trade imder Concessions from tl>e United States' GovrrnmenI The rest of tlie year these animals are, according to Mr. Ravard's state- ment in bis despatch of the 7th February, 1888, "supposed to spend in tlio opon seo south of the .Meutian Islands," where they are probably widely scattered and dilHcultto find. It would appear to I'ollow that, if concurrent regulations based upon tiie Amoricttu Law were to be adopted by hw;h | hftvc received in reply tfvthft one which I addressed to Mr. Bayard, cojjy of whicli y>si^im\mewh negotiation bo unsuccessful, and that the vewiMitit luut i^M^!* should be at once r^\f»no(\ on security. ft is understood, indeed, that permission has adually itt'tttt pvcn to the owners of rh«se vessels to bond them pending ai)pcal, provide*! lh« mrfiu-^ arc citizens of the f'nitcd States and resident therein, and, under (heso arcumntHtittm, the proposal for an «t<'Tision of the time limited for such appeal is Hubi»iU«uld reply to my note in this sense. P.S. — I subjoin copy of the reply to my note of the 3()th April, which I have just io ;t ived. Inclosure in No. 13(!. Mr, Uayard to Sir L. West. Sir, nrpnrlmeutnf State, Washington, May 2)^, \f^^^. I HAVE the honour to acknowledge your notes fcr i\u KclirinK . . . . Les lies du Commandciu' (\cs lies dc licliriti); ct dc Ciiivru) ,. L'llo dcs PhoqueB (Mcr Okl;<)tsk) 100,000 45,000 4,000 Lc dt'uxirnie (;iou )r — La iiicr pres (Ich ciHcs do Viotorin . . , . . . LnlMia I.cs ilcnie de Oonmicrce d'Aliaska lo droit d'cxploiter la chasse des otaries 8ur les lies Pribyloft' pendant vini>'t ans. La memo Compagnie. mais sous un autre nom. obtint inic autorisation analogue du Gouvcrnement Kusse pour la cbassc des otaries sur les Isles du Commandcur et des Phoques, pour la menie pe'riode de vinrdshij) will concur with me in conceiving it to bo for the interest of all parties that a conclusion shouhl bi^-eached as soon as possible. And my Government instructs me respectfully to urge upon Her iLijesty's Governuu'nt the projaiefy, under existing circumstances, of inunediate action. I undcrstjind the llussian Government to he prepared to concur in the proposed Convention as soon as the other Go.eriunents eoueerned are ready to assent to it. I have, &c. (Signed) E. J. TUELl'S. No. 1 10. Colonial Office to Foreign Office. — {Received Aitgiixt 1.) f^ii', Doirniiig SIrccI, August 1, 1888. I .V\\ directed by Lord Knutsi'ord to transmit to yoti, lo be laid before the Jlaiiinis of Salisbui-y, a telegram received from (Ik; ((ovcrnor-tjeneral of Canada I'i'spi'cting the ))r(!pi)se(l sale by the United States' aulhorilics of the sealing- vessesi •\Viiiia J5(>ck," Dolphin," " (iniee," and " Ada," seized last year iii Pehring's Sea. lionl Salisbury will observe thai the (iovernment of Canaihi urge that tbi' Cnited Stales' (iovernment may be r(>(jii(>sted by J lee ^lajesty's ( loverumcnt to postpone the siile of till- condemned vessels pending the sefllement of tlie (|iiesti()ii as to ihe legality iif their seizure. i.nrd Knutsi'ord trusts that Lord Salisbiu'v will, as soon as praetieable, mak(^ such I'omimmieation as may be proper to (he United States' (fovernmeul with a view to i-'ive ellVct to tins wishes of the Dominion Government. It will be seen that the matter is urgent. f am. iK;e. (Signed) .rOIIN H|!AMSTON. [VI.] $10 Inclosurc in No. 1 10. Loril Stanley of Preston to Ijord Kniitsford. ('relei;rai)liie.) ./«/// ;>(). ls^\ Till-; si>alini?-schoonors " Anna Beck,"' "Dolphin," " GraiH-,'" and " Ada," wliicli •were seized in 18S7 in tlie Uein-ing's Sea, are now he'm'j; removed to I'ovl Tow nsend, Vuin-\ ►Sonnd, IVoni Sitka, in order to be s(dd by the I'nited States' Marshal of Alaska, 'i'lio .Indite ol' the District Conrt of Alaska has deelined to ])cvniit the owners to bond (lie Tessels, •rivini; as a reason that thcMr a|)j)lieation is too late. My ,\linisteis reeonnnrnil that the Ini])(n'ial Goveriunent lie moved to ask for the interposition of the I'liiii'il States' (lovernment for a jjostponenn'iit of the sale of the eondemned \essels ])('ii(iiiii: the settlement of the ([uestion eoneerniui^ the li'L;ality of their seizure. I'ray ohtiiii thix if [)ossible. On account of tiim- tlu' (juestion is urirent. No. 1 H. Tlin Marquis of Salislniri/ to Sir L. ll'rst. — {Suhstaiirf Idnirophvcl.) Sir, Fnrcii/n Office, Ai'tjiist 2, ISss. THE Governor-General ol" ('anada has informed the Secn^tary of Slate for tin' Colonies, by telegraph, that the sealing-vi-ssels '" Anna Beck," "Dolphin," "(iraco,' and "Ada," which were seized last year in Behrinirs Sea hy the United Stntcs' authorities, are now hcini^ taken to Port Townsend I'or sale by tlic United States' -Marshal of Alaska, and tlct the Judi^e of the Abiska District Gourt has refused In allow the owners to bond their vessels, giving as his ri'ason that the ap[)licaliMii fur permission to do so was made too late. 1 have to rc(iuest you to ask the United Statics' (Jovernment to postpone ilie siilc of these vessels until the (jucstion as to the higality of their s('izure has been settlcil. I am, ice. (Signed) SALISBUiiV. No. ll.L>. The MaKjiiis of Salisliurii to Mr. Phelps. Sir, Foreign Otfif, August 2, ISSS. I IIAVK the lumour to acknowledge the receipt of your Ic'.le/ of the 2Sth idliimi. calling attention to the (|Ucstion of tlu; pro])osed Couventi( s '.etween this cmniln. tlie United States, and llussia for the ])rotcction of thgraphic correspondence with Ihe (iovernor-General of Canada in regard In tin' (juestion of the propos(!d International Convention for the protection of the fnr-Iic.iiiiii: .seals in Behring's Sea, I am directed by the Jlarquis of Salisbury to transmit hercHiih a copy of a letter from ,Mr. i'helps,* in which, by direction of his (iovermnci:!, ln' urges tlie propriety of r(!aehing a conclusion on the sul)j(!ct. 1 am to request that, in laying this letter before Secretary Lord Kniiisfonl. you will move him to give as early a consideration as possible to ]\Ir. I'in'lp communication. 1 am, &c. (Signed) JULIAN PAUNCl-M'OTE. • No. 139. 211 :;(). is^s Villi," wliicli Sir. lS('1l(l,1'lli,'lt ! l.-iska. Till' ;l lrl,>- 1m 1)(iu(1 llic Still. 's' ii'C'oniiiu'iiil •' A.i.i; tlic I'niliMl 1 ^t>ls ])(Mi(lini; iii'^-ii','. I'vav ()lit;iiii L'llil illv ]«'l\llill No. ]11. Forelyn Office to Colonial Offirr. Forcif/ii Offirr, ./iii/«, Isi instant. ineUxsinij ram rnini tlie (iov(>rnor-Cic>iieral of Canada ro])ovlini;' tlio inti-nlion ofilu" l'nit(Hl aiilliorities fo sell the soalinn'-vessels " Anna Meek."" " Dolphin." " (inie**," and ' seized last vear in Hehrinu's Sea. an\ (lirecteil by his liordshiji to slate that, in accordance with l.oi\l ivnntsl'ord'.s llcr Majesty's .Minister at ^V'ashin^ton Avas instinctcd liy teleirrajih on tlu^ slant to ask the Tiiited States' (Joyennneiit to poslpoin^ the sde ol* those vessels ^ a s(>tt lenient of the ((iiestion as to the le^•alit^ of the >eizinv. I am, ite. (Signed) JULIAN I'ArNTEI'OTl-:. No. ] 1.-). Colnnliil Office to Foreiijn Office. — [Received Aiiijusl W.\ Sii. Doiciiiiiij Stirel, Aiitfii."! U>, IS>^S. IN reply to yinir letter of the 2n(l instant, forwanlin;,' a note from the American MiiMster at this Conrt nrijinu; the early consideration of the (|uoslion of estalilisluni,' a cldsc time for seals in Hehrintif's Sea, l am directed hy Lord Iviuilsionl !>> transmit to you, for the infonnaticm of the .Mav<|uis of Salislmry, cojix of telegraphic eorro- slioiid.'nce with the (iov(>rnor-(ieneral of Canada on the snlijinM, i'lie Ueport referred to in the telcj^rani from Lord Stanley of l'iv>tun will liniliahly ho iiTcivcd on the lAth instant, and will be commiinicatod to you without ih'lay. I am, 1^0. (Signed) l{. H. MKADK. luclosurc 1 in No. 1 15. Lord Kimfs/ord to Lord Slniilc}/ nf Preston, I Nrriil) STATES' (iovernmcnt pressinu' for early r(>ply (luestion" t>r clos» time lli'luinu's Sea. AVhen may R(>port bo exiiected from voiir Ministei-s,' Inclosurc 2 in No. 1 (5. Lord Stanlei/ of Prexton to Lord Ki\iitsl\ird. ilVli-rapliic.) ■ ■ " .Jm;/i«.v7U. 1SS8. I SLNT last .\ronday lleport a.skod for in your Lordship's telegram Sth August. No. 140. Colonial Office to Forciyn Office.— (Received AiKjust 10.) ^ir, Ihicning Street, .Unjust U), ISSS. U ITll n>feri'Mce to your letter ef the .'5rd instant, I am din>eled by'l.ord Knntsford I'Miaiisinit to yon, for the information of the Manpiis of Salisbury. 'copies of fiu'ther '''I'^raphic correspondence with the (iovcrnor-(ien(>ral of Canad.a 'respect iuij tiu' sale "' tlic vessels seized in Uehring's Sea 'ast year, and now iyins;' at Port Towns(>nil. I am, i^c. (Signed) JOHN IMJ A:\LSTt )N. [128] 2 i; 212 Iiidosuro 1 ill Xo. 110. J,(inl Slnnlry oj Preston to Lord Knutxford. (Telosraphit!.) ' " yhtgust \, IH^,"^. WITH roroi'oiicc lo iiiv tclci^ram of tlio .'50th July, I am infornicMl by tlu? jMiiiisti'i of Fisheries tlial llic sclu.oncrs '' Dolpliiii," "Grace/' "Ada," and "Anna Biiok " will 1)C sold at I'orl, TowiiscihI, in \Vashini,'ton Tei'ritory, lei,'rapliie.) Downiwj Slrort, Ainjii.il 7. I'^ss. I llAVI'l ivceivi'il your leiei;ram of l.tli Auirust. rnstruetious s(>ut 2ik1 Aiiu;iist I i Her ]\rajesty's .Minister at \\'asliiiiij,t()ii to ask United Stidi^s' Governnunit tliat, pendinti; sc'ttienient of (|ii(Ntion tif jcijajity of seizure, sale of vessels nii^'lit l)i' jkM- ])oned. No. 147. Cdlotiiiil OJfirr lo Forvhjti Office. — {/irccirrd Ainjii.il 18.) Sir, Doinilnij Hticet, Auyiifl IS, ]SKS. WTIMI rel'('ri'n<'i' lo the IrMlcr from this Depiu'tnient of the lOtli instant, 1 am directed by Lord Kniilsford In trau'init to you, lo he Inid liel'ore the .Mar(|iiis dI' Salislniry, a eo|»y of a (lr'-;|i;itch from the Uoveinor-tienerMl of ("aiiadti. I'nrw.'ii'din;,' :i Minute of his I'rivy Council on the sulijeet of tiie iJroposMl of the L'niti'il Stalis' CJovernnient for tlie eslMhIishnicnl of » close time for seals in Hehrin^'s Sea. In \i('« of the c\|ilanatiiins of the; Dominion (Jovcnimeut, which sl.'ilc wn eiearly tin' strong- ohjcclidns to ilie proposed elo^e season, it Mp])'';n's to liOi'd Knutsfoii! that, it- will he ncccssury foi' tin- Cniti'd Slat.cs' (!o\cM'nm(-nl to niakc^ some nioilifiiJ Jiroposa! i!' llie ncuoti.'itions ;ire to have any useful result. 1 am, ,te. (Signed) JOHN lUlAMSTON. Inelosurc 1 in No. 1\~. Lord Slmilcii of Prcslon lo J.i)rd Kiiutfford. My 1/oni, f'ihiilrl, (jiirlirr, AiKjmt .'.i, I ^'<^. W Ti'li relcKiK-e lo your i.ovdsliip's despaieli of the stii Mjireii last, Iniii- milting' a eipy of a letter from the l'"orein!i Olliee, with a note from the Amei'ii'im .Mini>ii. 'I'll i; Coiumiltee of llie I'i'ivy Council have had undci consideration a dcNjial''!' dated the Sill .March, Ishk, IVo'ni the lli-lit llonouraiile the Secrelaiy of Stair for the Colonies, tran-niill in;.: a copy of a letter from llii' l''oreii,';n Olliee, willin note from the United Stales' Minister in Jiondon, suhiuilliii!; a propn-al I'lmi' IS ('ariKstlv 213 \fi'. Si'ci'cL'iry IJaynr;! Un' flic cstJiliiisliniciit of a cIdso scasdii I'oi' llu- s.'al lisliiiio; ii' av.d iicjir 15('lii'iiii;'s Sea, lo cxtciKl from tin; lotli A[)ril to tlic Ist Novombor ol' each yeai', and lo lie oucralivc in tiic waters lyiiii; r.ortli ol' latitude oif iiortli and hetweeii loiii:;!- tiiije KiO" wi'st. and 170' east rroiii ( Jrei-nwieli, in wliieli fles[)at(;li .l/)rd Kmit'irnrd asks lo Ijr I'avoiiped \vit!i ail v oi)-,."''\ at i'lns \\lii(;li t!ic Canadian (Jovenunent ninylia\i' to oiTcr on liie miIh.'cI. Tlie .Minister ol' M iri;ie and I'i'lieries, ;■) uliom tie said despatc'li and incdosurcs were rd'eii-e I, siil)iiiil- :i iJiiiorl tlieieon, dated t!' • 7tli .fniy, 18>.';a"mst Ml'. IJayai'd's )(ri)|ios:il as ;iii unjust ami iiiineeessary iiiteidereni-e w it!i, or i-al!i(>r jiro- liiliilioii ol', ri'.;lils '■■' ioiii; cjijiiyed to a l.awl'iil and reiiuineritive oeciqiation ujion the lii'.li '■ea-;. 'I'lie Con iiiitti:e e /iienr in the said Ji<'(iorl, and advise tliat a eopy iln'reol', and of \\t\< .Minnie, i'' apjir ived. he transinitted hy your Ivxccdleney to the iliuht Honourable llii' Srerel'irv o,"St'ile I'or tlie (.'oloiiies. (Si-ned) JOIIX J. .McGEE, Clnk, J'rinj Council, Canada. [ludosnre I! in \o. I 17. Mi null'. Di'liiiihiiciil (if Mini w mill I'ishi'fics, Ciiinida, Oilmrii, Juhj 7, I8^S. TIIM IJiid<'r>ii;ned iias the honour in siihiiiil, i'or tlie consider.atimi ol" the (liivrnior-tieneral in Council, Ihe rollowinn' ohser\;itions in I'cply to a despatch from Lord Knnlsrord to li'iid l/insdowiie, dated the S||| Alarcdi. IHSS, and iiKdosinc^ a pro- |)i)Nil I'iDiri Mr. Secretary I'ayard lor tlie eslalilishinent of a close seiison for tin- S(;ul li^liiii'.i' ill and near I'mIi; iiii;-'s Sea, lo extend Troni tlie l.")t!\ .Vpril to the 1st .N'ovemher of I'lKdi \car, and lo he operative in the waters lyin;;; north ol' latitude oO" iiorlh and liilueeii loiio;ilnde KIO w.'sl and loiiitiliide 17l>' east Troni (ircenwiidi. lIcl'iH'e enteriir.!; upon the discussion of this pro|iosition, th(! .Minister vle.si res to iiill III li'iil ion to a sentence in a letter rroni liord Salisliury to Sir L. S. West, dated till' il'Jiid r'cdiruary, isss, ;uid torniiiii,' a part ol' Ihe alio\"-iiieiitioiu'd despatch, in Hliirli l.di'd Salisliury says: — •' riie I'niled Stales' M inister called lo-day a( Mie I'oreion OlHee and spoke to lue ;d)oiil the (piestioii ol' Ihe I'lir seals in lii'lirini^'s Sea. I!(^ said tlial the dilliciilties iti n".,'aiil to the Ncal lisherics in that se.a were mainly eoiiiK-ided with tlw^ (piestioii of the ilose lime, nnd tli.'il no alleinpt had lieen made hy the aiilliorilies of the I'liited States lo '.liiji I III! lisliiiii; I heiv ijf any \essidsal the I iiue \\ hen it was leo'ilimale." This (dearly impliis llial Lord Salisliury had licoi led liy the llniled ,Stales' Minister to helieve thol IIkm'c is a IInciI idose and 0|ien season for the killing' of seals in l'i'lii'in!;''H Sen whiidi is eoiunioii to all m'sscIs iA' all natiunalilies, and that durinjj: the Mji.'i season these may l(>L;itiiiiatel_\ and without inolestatioa pursue tlu; business of I'lilchinif wenls, The fa els of I he case appear to be thai w il liiii the limits of the 'Territory cd' Alaslvii, wliieh liy the I'niled Sli.'tcs' conlent ion iiHdiidcs the waleis of liidiriim's Se.i as far \>r-i\\;u'd as a line draw 11 Irmii a point in l!(dirino''s Straits south-west to Ihe meridian oi lonvil iide 17It wcsI.iIk killin;;' of fur-lu'iiiiiiLi; animals, anioiio'st \vlii(di the seal is iiu'hidcd, is prohiiiited by law; that ri'pcaled wainiiios to this ellecl li.avt? been i;'i veil liyllie lliiilcd Stales' mil liorilies, and thai ve-sels both id' Canada and the I'nilid "•I'llos ha\e w ilhiii ihe pasi two years been seized and eoiidemiied I'or ki'lini;' seals «illiiii I liese waters, jl alsd appears t hat in the Isj.iiids id' Sl (ieoi'o'i" and SI. I'anl, iliiiiii.i,' the iiioiiths of .) line, .July, September, and Oehdicr of each year, thi' Liniled ■'•l.ilcs' (loverniiieiit allows llie slaiio'hler of seals to Ihe number of 10'),000 by certain rili/iiis of tliat eonntry knov.n as llie Alaska (,'omiiiercial Company, I'or wliiidi iiiiiiiii|i(dy the I'liited Slates' (io\eniinciit is jiaiil a yearly revenue id' more (ban :ino,o(i(( Ihdlars. At no sea '-on of Ihe year, and to no olher pcrsoiis w li.'il(!\('r, is il peiiuilteil to kiL :i Millie Heal williin what is (daiiiicd as the limits id' the Territory of .Vlaska. It i^ I'vid.nl, therefore, thai there is no part of the year ulien eiti/.i'iii of any eounlry, with III!' sole exi'eplioii of the Alask;i Coinmendal Company, can ieL!,'itimalely kill seals «illiiii the limits named; and when ,M r, I helps sI.'iI'mI to Lord Sali-liury llial "no allini,,! had lieen made by the authorities id the liniled Stales to,st((p Ihe lisliiiig there 21J. of any voss(.>]s at the timo wlicii it was Icgitimati!," liis .statonieiit sliould Ix; iv.id in conjuiic'ioii with the fact that flicre is no ])erio(l of tlid year « lieu it is k'j^itimato for any vessels to lish For seals in the waters of Alaska, The proposal to fix a elose tinn- is based by 3Ir. Hayard upon the allei,'0(l necessity of immediate nieasur(\s to ])revent the destruction of the seal fish(>ry in ]3ehrini>''.s Sr-a an 1 the North TacMllc Ocean. It is not clear from any information at jn-osent possessed that any pressiny; ami absolnte necessity exists for any fueh measures, so far as shown by the prcsL-nt condition of that llshery in the Norlli I'aciiic. From a .Ue])ort made by thi; S)eeial United States' Treasury Ai,'enl in Alaska,* dated the :>lst July, l!^S7, it apjiears : — 1. That none but younu; male s(\als are allowed to be kiUed on ilic I'riliyldH' Islands, and of these onlv 100,(100 anniiallv. '2. Thai a carerul nieasurenient of the; breeding' rooki-rics on SI. I'aid and St. Ck'orLi'e Islands showed I'ookeries, leaving' Unis a total mortality of l.") pi-r cent. IVom vjU'ious eaU'^i s at se;i. It needs but a slight eonsideralion of these ligures tf) demonsf rate thai an ailditioii of millions each year must, be ui'mIc to (he surviving smil life in the Norlii I'aciiic Ocean. The Au'ciil in lii^ iieporl says: " Thii» \asf nuUiber of animal^;, so v:;lu;ilile to tlic (lovernmeut. are still on the inei'case. 'I'lie condition of all ihe rookeries could mil lie bett<'i'.'" Against the enormous yearly increase of seal life may be ))lai'i il tin; aveniiic amuial slaughter as given in tiie .Ucmorandum attached to Mr. IJaynrd's letter, viz., 1S)2,I.j7 for the whole world, or for the seals near to 15ehruig's sea as follows : — T'lihyldll' T-hnuis Ciiinii iiiulc'r IsImikIs iiiiil liiililiiii liiii .l:ip;iii l>l:iiiils . . . . .\i.llli-vvi'.~l (•l■;l^t III' AiiKriiM '.M.OOT ll,Sli;i I.IMIII 'J.),0()ll Oi- 11 tdlal of li;."i,H(i() W i* . an annual clear inci'ease of millions, and ;in annuid slauii'liter of less llui; 2oO 0(1' 111 tile Xortli I'aeilic Ocean, it surely cannot he coiitended thai there isaiiy n'"'<'(>s'dty for such stringent- and exelusi\(' measures as the one proposed in order In prcserNC the seal tisliery Irom tlirealened destruction. Nut only would it appear Hial the present rate of catch could b(!]ierniitted,anda continual increase of the total niiinlur of seals be assured, but it would seem that this annual take might \h\ many tiiiii'- multiplied without serious fears of exhaustion so long as tiie present condilioiis (if breeding on the I'riliylulT Islands are preserved. 'I lie time jM'oposed as elose months deserves ed to iiiakr this (dose season operative for all on the Islands of St. I'uul and SI. (leorge as well t\- in the waters f)f the Hidu'ing's Sea, it could at least be said that llie cIom' tin ■ iv.iJd hear efpially on all. Ibit the IJniled Slates' (!i)\ernnieiil ))ro])os(> to allow si'ais to be killeii hv I'u'ir own cili/ens mi the roid, erics, ihe diily places wlu're they haul out in .Maskii, diirinu iluno, .Inly, Scpleniher, and Oclohcr, four of Ihe nionlhs of the proposed (dose seiismi. The result would be that while all olhers would he prevenled from killing a seiil ii Jleliring's Se,i. the United Stales woidd possess a complete moiiopidy, and the elleil would he to render inlinitely more ^Mlnahle and maintain in perpeliiity llie 'i\\\ lisheries of lli(> Norlli I'aeilic for Ihe s(ili> henelil of llie IJni'ed Slates. It vi to be noted that the area proposed by Mr. Maynrd to be all'eeled by llie cIiim' • ICxi'i'iilivc DiHMiiiu'iil No. 31, ."lOtli t'oiiifrctii, \.\ Hv>i>'u\\\. i 2J.S season virtually covers the wliolc pnrtion of the lielirinjif's Sea in wiii<'li tli("<'X(;lusiv(! ri^'lil 111' soiiliii|4 lias, diiriiif^ 18H(> uiul 18H7, been |ira(itically maintained hy tlir; Ij'jiri.ed iStati's' (iovfi-iinicnt. I'o tiiis is added a part of tlio North I'acifu! Oc(!an, nurlli 'lO"* of north Lit it iide, and wliich (commands tlu! approach oT the seals 1o the jiasses Icudin'^' into JJi'iiriiii,'' s Sfa. J$y the adoption ol' this area and close season the IJnit.'d Stales uoiild j^iiiii, liy consent, what shi' has for two years held in (U'flancc ol" intisrnationiil law and the protests ofJi-'cat iJritain and Canada. And whih; tiiis area -would he held closed to all operations cxce])t to tho'-f! of hf;r own sellers (Hi I In; i'rihylotr Ishinds, the north-west coast of Xorlh Aineri(;a np to (hf; noili pariillel of north latitude and the sealing areas on tlu; north-eastern cr^ast of A.sia woiilii he open |:) her as hei'ore. 'I'lic device, if siiccessl'til, would feed and p(>rpetuate the rookeries on St, I'aiil and St. (;i-ti'y is ciincerned. Mr. li.'iyird appeals to the (Jovcrnmcnt of (ireal l' •-. ■ cci^'s, and the Itiissian (JovernnienI drawh :t eDn^iiderable icvi'iiiie Iheri'lroih a>. Ik/ ro under lease to this sanu; Alaska ConuntMcial Company. Tlii'. piirt uf Hehring's ;-> doi^ not fall within the proposed closed area. It has he'i. .ilreu'i. 1m ti th.'it th(> Iniiled Sl.ates would L^ain larzelv' by the i'stahlisl;;,ientof thiselose |ii-r:o(l. p'roiii her ronkeries on ihe I'rihvlnir Isl.ands shedraws now a veiiiiv revenue of oNcr ;?()(>,(l(ll) dollars. This would not uiilv imi be interfrTcd uilli, hill wuiild he enornimisly increased by reason of tie* perpetn.al nnniopoly she would enjoy under the proposed arrangement. Miit while this is liaie tis to Itiissiu ami the liiited States. Canada wonhl lose the u'njoymciil of a Incnilive right long jiosM'ssed, and this loss would be fatal to her prosecution of the se.al industry, and would he iinrelieM'd by a single compensation. Il is maiiife.t, fi'uni a peiaisal of Mr, Hayard's letter, that the proposition into lireveiit the killi of seals dnring the close time by any proci-ss whalevi.'r within Ihe iiviM set apartj •'••'.i.ot. of ("tnrse, upon the .I'rihylolV Islands. I''.\perienci (i - si ■! 1 aver that by the |)resent methods of imntini;' »ilh (^iin and s|ie.'ir not more lli!>". me in ion of (he seals striuds is lost, and it is not believed that till"-!' nii'Miods are ; i dcslrnclive as Mr. hayard alleges. 'ihe method of takiin; seals by means of the net is not a destriieti\c method, and .'I't il is projiosed (,i ]n-oliihit (Imm as W(>ll. It ajipents, therefore, that what .Mr. K.iyanl inteiiils is to entirely prevent the killing of seals within the are.i proiiosi d b_\ any Mctlioils or by any |H>rNons cNcept liy Ihi^ methods <'mployed upon the l'ril)ylolV Islands mill h_\ the citizi'iis of tiie liniied States, who may, for the time bciny;, injoy \\m iiiiiiiopolv of lakiiiLf seals theveon. jUrainst this unjust ,and unnecessary^ i;d,i rlVrence with, 01' I'ather prohihition of, rights hu long enjoyed to a Lawful and lenniiicr.ilivc iii'i'iipiition upon the high seas, the Undersigned begs to enter his most earnr'ht protexl,, (Signed) am. !•;. H)STi;U, Aviiiiii hfiiiistcr of Mariiii' mid luHhcrirn. 316 No. 118. Colonial Office to Foreign Office. — (Received August 20.) Sir, Downing Street, August IH, IKKI* V\'I'rH ivrcivuco to the letter from this Uepartment of the 10th iiisfaut, | ^tm (Ilrccted hy Lord Knutsford to transmit to you, to be laid before the Marrjuj* 114 Salisbury, copies of two despatches from lUo Governor-General of Canada iwjxK-iiifiy the proposed sale at Port Townshend of four of the British sealinpf-vossolscaplurrKJ U.^ year in Behrint^'s Sea. Lord Knutsford hojios that the 3I'i;'vte of the ('anadian Government, iiicloMKi jji Lord Stanley of Preston's despatch ' ' "Oth July, will receive Loi-d Saliisbwj'* attentive consideratiou. 1 am at the same lime to request that 'Majesty's Minster at Washiii'^fwfj im^t be desired to re|)ort when the ai>i)eal to the !jai)reme C'ourt of vhn Unir*'.! Stat^-s ijj iti- case of llie " \V. !'. Sayward " is likely to eomc on, and to report I'.encniily on |^i^^• progress of the case. I am, Sec. (Signed) .lOflN UKAMKION, Inelosure 1 in No. 148. Lord Stanleij of Prciton to Lord Knutuford. My Lord, Citadel, Quebec, July Hi, J KH\ WITII reference to previous correspondence relative to the ])ending j)roc<;ediiiii:» 'm the case of Canadian sealing-vessels seized in Behring's Sea, I have the Iiouour 1/; forwcard to your Lordsbijian extract of an approved Minute of tlie Pi-ivy ('(juncil, bavrfi upon Sir li. AVcst's desj)atc]i of Ihe 19th March,* a copy of whicii. t(»L!;cthf His H.vcrlhiirji the (lori'nior-fieueral in Council, on July 7, IH^y. 'rill'; Comniitlec of llie Privy Council liave had under itonsidemliijii a alers seized in Behring's Sc;i. Tlie S\ili ('iimniitlci' (iT Council to wliom tlie (picstion was relcricd rr|)vJl ii» follows : — in liie d("spalcl, (if tl.e P.'lh .March, ISSK, Sir Liom-i Saekville West st;iu> ilbn the Atti)i'ni'y-(i('ni'ri I of llie i iiited States iiad intimated tlial linie 10 of the inwliw in Admiralty aiui lliiles of the Sii[ireme Court (|ss7)make il plain that tli"i»-J\ -*► wliieli cani:'it with jnsiice or propriely be enforced. Some donlil rsi.vis :is 1m l|li>» right of appeal, and if il be beid that no appeal will lie, the bonds will be iorh'UM. Aiiart from this risk, however, whicli the owners of the \cssels are awked ]i/UU u])on tliemselves. it appears that tiio giving of bonds of such a nature woulij iui'jij)' Ihe admission that the Conrls of the United States had jiirisilietion in rei;:irii if \h' seizures, and that the laws of the United States applied to the eases of Ihcin' \e^«*i», • See Nu. 110. 217 such propositions could by no means bo aduuHM. 'Hmj *»'«isr:fs had not entered within tlio waters over which the laws of tlic I'niti'd HiaU'* ('%Unul, and over wliich the Exfifiitive or Judiciary of that country have any •duiUimtf, The vessels in question were molested in a Liwful M'/'(i(»ftfiori on the high seas, ami were seized by vessels in the service of tiie luHM HUiU'^ hot [M>ss('ssini,' no right whatever to molest the people of ("anada or i\w\r projwrt^ hn (he oeefin. Similar outrages have b a right Ut o\\n>t^ tUnt Htf ,\lajesty's (Jovcrnment will demand and exact redress. They should not be asked to seek that redri'** w Hw Courts of any foreign fifmntry whatever, and the Courts of tiie IJnit^'d HtaU* have no more cognizani'e of thpir complaint than tiie Courts of any otiier for<'i«'n t'^tHhtf), Tlie Committee, coneiu'ring in the aliovi- Htport, rnifi**' that your Kxeelleney be mfivfd to transmit a copy of tiiis Minnie to IIk; Jliyld Mc/»»or(irnble the Secretary of State for tlie Colonies, and also to IIk! JJritish .MinJM^'r Hi WmUiuntou. All which is respectfully submitted for your lim'A'tU'twyn npproval. (Sign<-<1; 4nHS ,S. Mc.OKK, V.lerk, I'firil Vovnnl, Canada. Inclosure 3 in No. OH. Sir L. West it. the Mnn/uis of l.iinstltunii', Shurh 10, 1888, [See Tnclosurc 2 in No. llO/j Inelosurt! t in No. Xih, Mr. Fouler to Sir L. Wexl, Munth *S, \hH^. [See Inclosure 1 in No, IIO,j Inclosure 5 in No. liH, The Marquis of Liinsdowin' lit Hit L, Weitl, (Rxtract.) (iovvtiimeiU llnimf, fXtmi/i, March 2.*J, 1888. f TTAVE the honour to inclose herewith, Utr yum Informnticm, copy of a ilfs|i;ilcli whi(di 1 have addressed to tin- Hcerrl.oy ot ¥>i:iU' lur Hie (.'olojiies* upon the •iiilijict of the Canadian sealing-vrssels sci/rd by I'ltiUtl Mlafes' crui/ers in (he He|iriii!j;'M Sea. Slionld you be al)le to obtain any information in »«'jf(*nl f<» the action likely to be taken dnriiig the present year by eniiziM's of llii' l'n(l<'4 Hdfttes in llie Midiring's Sea asfainst vessels fre(|iicnting those waters, I shall be inut'U f»hl({U'h, irieh>«iing a copy of a tflev'nm which yon had received lioni my .Minister of Wnt'tiM' u\\i\ fisheries relative to tlie [.ending proceedings in tlie easex of Canadiiin m'-.tVun/ ves-seU seized in llebiin^'s i^'fa, mid in reply thi'reto, setting furth the opinion o( Mm- Aftorney-deneral that Rui( X of Die jiraetiee in Admiralty and iinies of ()»«' HMj^ewie Court (1MH7) make it plain that coid Minute of the I'rivy Council, upon which my telegram was founded. I liavc, &c, (Signed) STANLEY OF I'llESTON. Inelosure S in No. 148. Report of a Comniittre of the Ilonnurahle the Pririj Council, approved hy His JUxcellency the Governor-General in Council, on July tW, 1888. THE Committee have had under consideration a telegram dated the 20tli July, 1888, from the Lieutenaut-Govcu'iior oi" Uritisli (loiurahia witii respect to the bonding of the serding-schnoners "Anna Hcek," " Dolpliiii," "(irace," and "Ada," seized in Eehring's Sea in 1887. The Minister of Marine and Fisiierii-s, to wliom the said telegram was rel'erred, recommends that the Imperial Govcirnment he moved to re(|Ue»t the interposition of the United States' Government to liavc^ tiie sale of tii(! coiulemned vessels postponed pending the settlement of the qu(>stion as to tlui hjgaiity ol'tiieir seizure. Th(! Conimitte submit t\w above; for your I'X'eellency's iipproval, and advise that your Excellency be moved to connniuiicate Ity enbic; to the Colonial Secrctaiy the request of the Lieutenant-Governor of Hritisii Columbia, and to urge upon Ilcr Majesty's Government the necessity for immediate cDMununieation with the United States' Government with a view to save from fiirtber iind disastrous loss tlic owners of the condemned vessels. All which is i-cspectfullv submitted for your (''xeellenciy's approval. (Signed) JOI^N .1. McOEE, Clerk, Privy Council, Canada. Inelosure !) in No. 1 t8. Lieutenant-Governor Nelson to the linn. C. U. Tupper. (Telegraphic.) Victoria, lirilish Columbia, July 20, 1888. THE following se^-iling scliooiiers, seized in Hcbring's Sen in 1887, "Anna Beck," " Dolphin," "Grace," and " Ada," arc now being taken from Sitka to Port Townscnd, Puget Sound, to be sold by Tiiited States' Marshal of Alaska. Judge of District Court of Alaska lias refused bonding to owners, giving as nuison application too late. Under present circumstances, owners willing and anxious to bond vessels for appraised values : — " Anna Meek," 2,000 dollars ; " Dolphin," 7,750 dollars; " Oraco," 10,404 dollars ; " Ada," 2,1)00 d(dlars ; or, jiending scttlenu-nt of question, liave sale postponed. Will Dominion Government take necessary steps to secun! if possible from United States' Govornmont that this arrangcnnint shall bc! acceded to ? 219 No. 149. Sir L. Went to the Marqtiis of Salisbury. — (Received August 27.) My Lord, Beverley (Massachusetts), August 6, 1888. WITH reference to your Lordship's tele{d a letter from the Acting Attorney-fJencnil, informing mo that, in pursuance of ilic i('(piest so made, he had directed by telegram and letter the postpc nenient of tho siiliMil' the vessels i.. question, and has also instructxid tho United Stages' Marshal in I'liMi'nc to receive boncfs in lieu of the vcss(;ls. Accept, &c. (Signed) T. F. BAYARD. f128j 2 F 2 9i0 No. 151. The Marquis of Salisbury to Sir L. West. Sir, Foreign Office, September 1, 1888. WITH reference to your despatch of the IGth ultimo, I transmit herewith a copy of a letter from the Colonial Ofijfie,* inclosing copies of two despatches from Lord Stanley of Preston to the Secretary of State for the Colonies relative to the proposed sale of four of the British vessels seized when engaged in seal-fishing last year in Behring's Sea. Before taking any furtlier action with regard to these seizures by the American authorities, I request that you will inform me when tlie appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States in tlie case of the " W. P. Sayward " is likely to come on, and to report generally on the progress of the case. I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. No. 152. Foreign Office to Colonial Office. Sir, Foreign Office. September 1, 1888. I HAVE laid ^before the Marquis of Salisbury your letter of the 18th ultimo inclosing copies of two despatches from the (lOVcrnor-Uoneral of Canada on tlie .subject of the legpl proceedings pending before the United States' Courts with regard to the British vessels seized by the American authorities when engaged in seal-fishing in Behring's Sea, and the claims for damages raised by the owners of the vessels. I am to request that you will state to Secretary Lord Knutsford, in reply, that before taking any action on the Minute of the Canadian Government iiudosed with Lord Stanley's despatch of the 20th July, 1888, liord Salisbury lias instruetetl Her Majesty's Jliiiister at Washington to state when th(! appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States in the case of the " W. P. Sayward " is likely to come on, and to report generally on the progress of the case. I am, &c. (Signed) P. CUBRIi;. No. 153. The Marquis of Salisbury to Sir L. West. Sir, Foreign Office, September 3, 1888. WlTIT reference to my despatch of the Ifilh April last, relativ(! to the proposals received from the Government of the United States for concerted action on the part of the Powers iiiterest(>d in the matter, with a view to the establishment of a clos(> season for the ])reservation of the fur seals resiu'ting to JJehring's Sea, 1 have tn inform you tiiat [ have recently had a long conversation with ilr. Phelps on the sulijcct. lie stated that his Government were very anxious that an agreement should be arrived at as soon as ])ossible. I pointed out llie diHieiilties felt by the Canadian Government, and said that, while the sclienu; was favourable to the industries of the mother country, eonsidcnible n|)prehensi()n was felt in Canada with res])ect to its possible ejl'ef^t on (jolonial intiMVsts. I added that 1 was still .sanguine of coming to an arrangement, but that time was indispensable. I am, &c, ^Signed) SALISBURY, • .No. 148. No. 154. Foreign Office to Colonial Office, Sir, Foreign Office, September 3, 1888, I UAVE laid before the Marquis of Salisbury your letter of the 18th ultimo, inclosing a copy of a despatch from the Governor-General of Canada, with a Minute of his Privy Council on the proposal made by the United States' Government for the establishment of a close time for fur seals in Behring's Sea. With reference to Lord Knutsford's suggestion that the Government of the United States should make some modified proposal, 1 ara to request that you will inform bis Lordship that Jjord Salisbury has recently had a long conversation with Mr. Phelps on the subject. iir. Phelps stated that bis Government were very anxious that an agreement slioidd be arrived at as soon as possible. The difficulties felt on the subject by the Government of the Dominion were pointed out to him, and he was informed that, while the scheme was advantageous to tlic industries of the mother country, considerable api)rcbension was ftdt in Canada as to its possible effect on colonial interests. Loi'd Salisbury added that he was still sanguine? of coming to an arrangement, but that time was indispensable. I am, &c. (Signed) P. CUIIRIE. No, Ibrt. ISir L. West to the Marquis of Hulisbunj. — {Received October 1.) My Lord, Beverly (Mussachuseltx), September 13, 18S8. WrrH reference to my despatch of thi; ICtii ultimo, 1 have the honour to inclose to your Lordship herewith copy of a note wliicii I have received from the Secretary of State, tog(!tIier witii copy of the corresjtondeuce which accompanied it, relative to the sale of certain iJritisb vessels seized in Behring's Sea, whicii sale bad, at yo)U' Lordship's request, been postponed, and to request your Lordship's instruetiims as to the answer to be returned. 1 have forwarded copies of this corrcspond(>ncc to tlu; Governor-General of Canada. I have, &c, (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE WEST. Indosurc 1 in No. 155. Mr. liai/urd to Sir L. iVest, Sir, Department of State, JVanliinglon, September 10, 1888. RliFEllHINCi to previous correspondence in relation to the .sale of tli(> four British vessels condemned for tj\king seals illicitly in JJcliring's Sea in ]Hs7, 1 have the honour to inform you tbnt I have received a comnvunieation I'roin the Acting Attorney- General of the ;{nl instant, in which an expression of my views is requested upon the ](niiiriety of an immediate sab? of the vessels in view of certain statements made in r('i;ard to Ibeni. As an order for the postponement of the sale and the bonding of the vessels was issued by the Department of .lust ice in compliance with the rec[U(!st of Lord Salisbury conmninieated to this Department, I inclose berewitii a i-opy of the letter of the Acting Attorney-d'encral, together with its inclosures, and will be glad to learn whether, in the light of the facts now disclosed, it. is still the desire of his Jjordship that the sale sluuild not be proceeded with. I have, & ' (Signed) T. E. BAYAllD. 222 Inclosurc 2 iu No. 155. Mr. Jenks to Mr. Bayard. Sir, Washington, September 3, 1888. I HAVE the honour to send you copies of lettci's of the 23rd and 25tli ultimo, from Mr. Atkins, United States' Marshal for the District of Alaska, and to ask for an expression of your views upon the propriety of an immediate sale of the vessels men- tioned hy the Marshal on consideration of the statements he makes in relation to them. I have, &c. (Signed) G. A. JENKS, Actiny AttorneyGeneral. Inclosurc 3 in No. 155. Mr. Atkins to Mr. Jenks. Sir, Seattle, Washington Territory, Awjust 23, 1888. IN reference to the four condemned liritish vessels now in my custody, 1 have the honour to report : — Tliat the owners of the schooners " Anna Beck," " Grace," and " Dolphin " claim tliat tlio appi-aisement made at Sitka one year ago was at the- time excessive, and that their value on account of the inclement climate of Alaska has in the meantime hoeii constantly depreciating, and therefor*; decline to bond them at sucli appraisement, but rocpicst a new appraisement, tvhieh, if not granted, they desire the sale to proeood. The owner says, however, that he will furnish satisfactory bonds for the scliooncr " Anna IJeck " at her present appraised value if it ean he elVeeted, subject to a iinal settlement of the matter and Avithout the expense of an appeal to the Supreme Court. Having myself a practical knowledge of the value of such property, I fiillv coincide with the claimant that the valuation put on the schooners "Grace" iind " Dolphin " at Sitka was excessive. The schooner "Ada" is oM'ned and registered at Shanghae, China, and her owner, whoever he may be, has not yet made any claim or aj)pearanee. In the meantime, the vessels are remote I'roni my district, thus greatly increasiii!,' the responsibility of their safe custody, and the expense thereof constantly increasiiii,'. I desire to be instructed, in case vessels arc; not soon sold or bonded, what fm-thcr action to take in reference to returning to my district and leaving the vessels in charfi;c of a special dejnity. I have, &e. (Signed) BARTON ATKINS. Inclosurc i in No. 155. Mr. Atkins to Mr. .Jenks. District of Alaska, Office of United Slates' Marslwl, Sir, Portland, Oregon, August 25, 1888. IN view of the present situation relative to the British vessels in my custody now nuxired at Port Townsend, Washington Territory, I beg leave to state as follows : — That all of said vessels, owing to the length of time they have been out of conuuissioM, are in a dila])idated condition, and tlieir depreciation in value is constant and raiiid. That they are small in size, the combined tonnage of the four being only 219 tons. That the owner of the " Anna Beck," "Grace," and "Dolphin," Captain J.l). Warren, ol' VielOiiu, BriHsh Columbia, has notified me that he prefers that the •' Graci>" aiul " Dolphin '' should be sold without t'uitiier delay, and the " Anna Boek" also, nnles.-i be can bond that vessel witlujut instituting an appeal to the Supreme Court, or making the journey to Sitka for that purpose. Tiiat if longer held in custody, they will have to be removed from Tort Tomiscnd to some place 8t;cure from the fall and winter winds, for permanent moorings. All 223 of wliich will be attended by much greater expense comparatively than has heretofore been required for their safe custody. I do not hesitate to recommend that, in interest of all concerned, the vessels, if not 1)onded, should bo sold without delay. It is my purpose soon to repair to Port TowTisend, there to await Department orders. I have, &c. (Signed) BARTON ATKINS. No. 156. Sir L. West to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received October 1.) My Lord, Beverly (Massachusetts), September 15, 1888. WITH reference to your Lordship's despatch of the 1st instant, I have the boiutnr to in form your Lordship that the appeal in the case of the " W. P. Sayward," alliidod to therein, has not yet even been docketed in t'.ie Supreme Court of the United States. I have, &c. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE WEST. No. 157. Foreign Office to Colonial Office. Sir, Foreign Office, October 2, 1888. AV^ITII reference to your lett'^r of the lOtb August last, I am directed by the ilar(iuis of Salisbury to transmit to you copies of a despatch, and its inclosures, from Hor iMMJ 0th instant. I am, &c. (Signed) tKJBERT G. W. EERBERT. Inclosure 1 in No. 158. Lord Knutsford to Lord Stanley of Preston, ('rol('j;ra])hic.) Downing Street, October i, 1888. VVITII reference to Mr. Bayard's note to Sir L. West of the 10th September relative to Behring's Sea seizures, what answer should bo returned ? • No, 1S3. 224 Iiielosiu'c 2 in No. ir>8. Lord Sliiiiify of Preston to Lord Knutsford. fTelesrapliic.) October C, 1R8S. RECOMMEND that United Slates" antliorities bo moved to authorize the reappraisement of "Grace" and "Dolphin," and in case of " Anna Beck" to accept proposed bonds of owner, subject to final settlement of matter. No. !.■)!). The Mdn/itis of i3iilii>buri/ to Lord Suckville. (Telejjraphic.) Foreiyn Office, October 10, 188S. IN reply to your desj)atcli of the 13th ultimo, J request that you will mctve United States' Governm(;iit lo authorize reappmisement of "(Jrane" and "Dolphin," and to accept [)ro]»()S('d bond of owner, subject to final settlement of matter, in case of "AnnalJcck." No. 160. Foreign Office to Colonial Office, Sir, Foreign Office, October 10, 1888. I AM directed by fhe Marquis of Salisb»u\v to acknowledjje the receipt of your letter of the Sth instant, on the subject of the liritish vessels seized in Ueliring's Sea. T am to state to you, in n^ply, for the information of Lord Knutsford, that a telegram has this day been sent to iler ilajesty's ^linistcr at Washington, requesting him to move the Government of th(> United States to authorize the reap])raisenient of the "Dolphin" and '•Grace," ami to accept the proposed bond of the owner of the " Anna Beck," subject to a final settlcnuMit of the matter. [ am, &e. (Signed) JULIAN PAUNCEEOTE. No. 101. iiir L. Went to the Marquis of Salisburi). — {Recrlred October 12.) My Lord, liererli) (iTussacliusells), September ',\0, 18S8. WITH reference to my despatch of the 13th instant, J have the honour to inclose copy of a further note which 1 have received from the Seeietary of State, relative to the four British sealers coiulemned for taking seals in BeJiring's Sea, and requesting a decision in regard lo the disposition of them. I Iiave forwarded copy of this note to the Governor-tu-ueral of Cana(hi. I have, &e. (Signed) L. S. SACKVILLE Wi;ST. Inclosiu'e in No. Kil. Mr, Bayard In Sir L. ]l'est. S'"''. Department nt State, W'usliiiujtun, September '27, ISSS, REOUHHfNO to the sn!'je<'t of (he four Mritisb vessels coiKleiinied lur l.iKiri;,' seals illicitly ill Hebriiig's Sea in Issy, | Iwive the honour to inform you that I litivv received from the Acting Attoni(>y-Generai a letter, dated tlie 2(illi instant, iiicln^iMi,' copies of letters IVom the United States' Attorney for Alaska, and the United Stiiles' Marshal for Wasiiington Territory, of the 7th and' TOlh instant respectively, in relalion to the same matter. The foiu- vcsslIs, tho schooners "Grace," "Dol|)hin," "Anna Beck," and "Ada,' have been transferred by the United States' Marshal for Alaska to the custody of ih' ■>o-, United St;ilfs' ^larsliii! Tor \Vasliini,'iticc toncliint,' lli«"ir >ali< or other ,li>|iii^iiiiin. TIic lK'])artin('nt is intornn-d tliat none of tlic vessels Itave l>een Itondod, Miiil tliMl liie owners of tlirec ol' tlieni have refused lo tiiKe thai si(>i>, on the irround ili;il llieir appniisenient was too hii^ii. As the season aihauees, lhi> prohahilily of iv.-ilizins :i fair price for ilie vessel', will (liniinisii. and the e\pt>nse> incident to tlicir ntiiilioM hy the Marshal arc neecss:na!\ acei'uiuLi-. These considerations make it ])roper thai a decision in reuaril lo i he disposition iifllie voscis should speedily lie reached, and I have the honour to umiucsi il-.at if it is ili'sired lo postpoiu> the sale still further, tlie Uepartnieul may he as>urctl at an iiiii' day that an arraiiu;emcnt will he made wherchy the \i's>-e!s ni:i\ h(> saved I'nun liecoming a loss. I liave. \c. (Siffucd) T. l\ 15.\>'ARn. No. lOii. Fofviijii Offiri' to ('olnnlal Offirr. Sir. Fi},-i i,/it Otjirr, Orlohr-r 1:1, iSsv Wrril '■.•reuce lo in\ h'lter of the lOlli instant. I am dirci ted hy the .Marcpiis of S;ili>hnry insniil to you a copy ot a (i(>sp;itch iVom llcv .M.ajcsty's Minisleral WiisliiuLrt 'dosing- a note from Mr. J?ayard, rec|uestini; ;i decision as to the ,lis|iosiiion I'l liie four scalimr-schooncrs " (Jracc," " Dolphin," " .Vnna Heck," ami •■.\.!;i." I :nu \<' reciucsi vou lo move Lord Kiiufsford to cauv(> I/n'il Salishurv to ho iiilVi'iiied what reply should he returned as to the •• \d;i." Ilir Maj:'--ty'-^ M ini -ter at A\'ashini;ton lias Iieen already coinmnnicalcd with by teli'i;i':ipii in rcyard to the other throe vessels, as you were inforinod in my letter ahovo rolerrcd to. I am, i^c. (Si-ned) JUL [AN J'AlTNCKFOTi:. No. 103. Ciilnnial Office lo ForoKjn OJfice. — (Recrlrod Ortohrr '2'2.) S.r. Doinunij Strrrt. Orlohrr 'JO, l^SS. I A.\l direcied hy Lord Ivnutsl'ord to ackiiowledi;'(> the receipt ol' your letter of t.'c llih instant, imdosini,' a copy of a dcsjjatch from Her Majesty's .Minister at Wisiiinuton.f sfatini;- »hat the a])])(>at in the case of the " \V. I'. Sayward " has not yet lioci (lixdvctcd in the Supreme Court of tin.' Initcd Stales. In your letlei'of the Isl ultimo, it was staicd th;il helorc l.ilviii:.; ;iuy .Mctiou on iK .Minute ef the Canadian (lovcrument, inclosed in ^he despatch I'rem l-ord Sfinloy "' Pivslon of the :2(>lh July last, Lord Salisl)ury had instructed llc\' .M.ajcsly's Minister lit '.Viu.Idna^ton to state when the appi'al to the Suprcin(> Court in (hi> case of the "W. I'. Say ward " was likidy to come on, and lo report fjfcnerally on the proi;ress of the case. As it app(s( that there is likely U) he eonsidcraiiic del.ix in thi-- ease. Lord Knutsjord W(Uild he s^'l'id to he inl"orn\ocl ^vliciher, in Lord Salishury's opinion, action sliouid not now he taken on the Minute of the Canadian I'rivy Council referred to. I am, ifcc. ^Signed) .lOlIN UUA.MSl'DN. ,I2SJ • No. li.l. .V». 1»-!. (J Xo. Kil. Coloiiiiil Of/ice In Forei(/n Office. — {Receiied October 26.) Sir, Down'uuj Street, Oclolier 25, IGftS. WITH i(!l'i'!'oiir(' 1 1 the Intt.oi' I'l'oni this Dcpartinciil of tin-, 8tli iustaut respcctini; til" liDudiu^' of cciliin m'sscIs seized last yi'iir in Eeliring's Sea, I am directed l)y Lonl Kiuitsford li; tiaiisiiiii lo you. I'or Hie iutoriiiatioii of tlie J[ar<]uis ol' Salisbury, a m])\ of a d(,'s|)ate!i iVdiii llii- i;((\ eruoi-lji'iieval ol' Canada on llw^ siibjoct. As Hie iiaiiLTs roru.irdwl by iiUid Stanley ci' Preston do not answer tlio (|uesti()i) in ^Ir. Haynv i's noic t'l Sir liionel \V(!st, dated the lOtli Septembm' last (iuelosi'd iu your letter lo this .l)i'|i;irlinent ol! tlie '2n'\ instant), so I'ar as eoneerns the wdiDoner " .\da," Jiurd Kimtsl'ird iias t'len'raphed to the (Tovernor-fieneral of Canada witli rcl'erence t(; V'tui- letler ol' (he l<'itli iiistaid, askinii' Avl.at reply should be roturneil in ret,'ard lo thai. vesMd. I am, &c. (Sitcnefl) .lOITN HI! A:\1ST0X. Inelosnre I in Xo. ilil. Ldiil SIdiilfij of I'rcslou. lo Lord Kniils/nnl. My Lord, (iovi-rnmcnl House, Otlanm, Orlobcr 8, I8M3. NVITJI ret'ereiiee to your te]('i^fram of the Itli instant, iiiquiriii!;' what auswiT should be I'eKniieii lo ,Mi'. i);iyai'dV- note (o Sii- Lionel \\'es( of the lOth Septeiiilii'i' with reierrMiee lo the houdin;.;' oi' certain IJritish vessels seized woine (ime since in 15eiiriiiu:\ Sea, i have Hie honoiir lo inclose lierowith n cojiy of a despatch which 1 Imve to- authorize ihe I'eappraisement of the scIkidium^ •' (irace " ;iinl " I) dp! 1 in," owinu; to (he fael. whiidi is duly set forth in the eDrrespdii- diMice aceonipaiiyin'.i Mr. M.iy.ard's note, that tln^ appraisement made at Sitka more llmn a year since is rc^ irded liy the owners as haviui;' been excessive, and as havintf hecmiH' still more so, coMsci|ucnl upon the exposure of the.se vcssids to the inideiiKmt ulimali' ofAla.ska. /Vs rci^ards the case of the " .\nna i{c(d\," th(> Alinule recomniPiids that the Uuitwl States' (iovenimeiit may lie re(piesle>, ^H\ •ilch nf llic nilcd Stiiii'v. iT till' liiiti^li linii' siiM'i! ill •il in ri'laliiii' ( idVl'l'MMU'lll 111' Nciiiioiiri'^ ill! I'drirsiwni- Ika nioiv lliiiii liviiiti' ill'CllllH' •niciil cliiii.'il'' ml Uic i'liilwl used biiiiils (i! I'ltKSTUN. 227 Inclosuro M in No. Hi I. A'ryw// "/' " (oiiniiiflcf nf tin- fTnnnvrnlilc thr Privy Council, aiiprnird h'l his E.rcellency the (lori'rnor-Ci'ju'i III i:i Connril. on //.'• '.\ Secretary of Stat(\ lor tlio United States, to'^etber witb eopics (if f(in('.s|)oiiden(.'e Avliicb accomfiaiiicd it, relative to ceitain sliips which had been >iiz('(l ill Mebrintr's Sea. Till' I\Iiiiislei' oj ^larine and i'Msberies, to wliom the abovi' ww"-, referred, reports iluit fin llie 'M)\\\ .Inly Inst a .Minute of Council was adojited as follows: — ' Tlie ('.iiiimittei' bave bad un.iCs (J( vi'rinnent the Jieeessity for immediate ('ommunieation with the United Sillies" (io\eiii>ne:it, with a view to save from fiiitlier and di-aslrous loss the owners of till' cniHleiiiiied I'ssel.';;" and that in re])Iy to this M inutc a leletri'iiui, under date of iIm' l"^iii Auifiist, \hS.\, \\:\n ii'ceived by your Excellency from Sir Lionel West as l'iillo\v~i: - " Aeliii;^' .Attorney (ian'ison has j^iven directions, both by letter and teieii;rani, to |iostp(ine the sal(! of the Hchoon<'rs. The .Marsha! has also l)een dire(!ted to receive lioiiils in lieu of the v<'sselH," The Minister obs(;rvi's that copies of the correspond(>nco referred to conllnn tlio iiuiiiialion (jonveyed liy tin; above telei,'i'ani, that an order for tlie [)ostpoaenient of the Mill', anil permit I imj the boudinn' of these vi'ssi-jsat the value already appraised, had been made li\ tlie Department of .lustice at ^\asliin'4:lon. in compliance with the rcquiist of l,l-. Ilie",\iina Meek," the owner is williiiir to furnish satisfactory bcmds, nt the liiiiie .'liready appriiiseil, if this can he done. Hubiect to a llinil settlcnn'nt of the matter, ;iii(l wiilioiil ncccssit.'itim,^ an appeal to tin- Supreme Court of the i;iiitcd Stales. The .Minister further observes that, toiieliiiii;' llie (|uestiou of excessive apprnise- 'iinit, the United Slates' Marshal states as follows ; -•' llavinu: myself a practicnl 'iii"«lei|ee of the value of such properly I fully coincide with the claimant, Ihiit the v:iluiilioii put on the scliooners Mlracc' and ' Dolphin ' uas excessive." Tlie Commiltee recommend, therefore, ihal your l'',xeelteiicy be moved to forward 'I i'iiji\ of this Minnie to llci .Majesty's .Miiiisler at \\'asliini;ton, with a \ iew to iiiaviiiL;- the I'liiteij Stales' aiil liiprit ies to linlhori/.e I he reappiaiseliielit ill the cases of '1 !.,n'ani finm the ( Jovrnor-t ieneral of Ciiiiiil:! respei'tin;;' tbe sealiny' ship "Ada" sliouiil be conimunicaled to tbe (Jo\erumeiit of llii United Slates. 1 am, \e. (Sinn.'d) .lOlIN BUAMSTtKN. No. KiS. The Miin)uis of iiiilishu) II to Mr. Ilerhrrt. (Telearapbie.l Foreiijn Of/Ire, Movember 22, IMHS Wrril I'efirenee to my teleL-Tam of the iHih ultiuu). you should inform Itiili'i States' ( io^L'ruuu'ut owners of " Adu " do not object to oriijjiiial appraiM'ment of iIm' Ves8(4. 229 No. im. Cnlonltil Offiro tn Foreuin Offiri'. — (Rfr/'ircd \ovi'ml»:r 2').) Sir. DmniiiKj Stirel, Novi'tiihitr 20, IHHH. I AM (lircctnd by tlie Secretory oi' Stat(> for the (Jiionies t(t tnuisriiil to yoii, l».>r till' iiirDriiiitiori of tlir M;u'(|uis of Salislmrv, with rcforcncc 1o [)r<'vioiiH corrcnijon- ili'iici'. ('o|iy of a (lf'si);it('li from tlu' ()lo\criioi-(iiMi('r;ii of Ciuiaila, find of a t<'|r'!,'ratn .Kidrcsseil to liiin r('S|)(!ctinii' tlio vaw of tin,' ' Ada/' onr of llic vessels s<'i/^eil last vf-ar in jii'lii'iir/s Sea.. \ am, A:e, (Sic;iie(U l!f)IVEirr (i. W. IIKlSiJJillT. Iiiclosiire 1. in \o, 10!). Lord Sfanli'ji of Preslon tn Lnril Kniitsford. My l.iii'.l. Gnvrninnul tfnusr, Olliiiid, Octolmr 27, 18HH. WITH referenee to your T.ord-^iiio's lelen'rani of flie 201 li instant, and to inifK! in ivpiy of to-ilav 's ilate, statinijj that (he owni'rs of the "Ada" do not ohjei-t to the ijrii.'in'd appi-aisonieiit, I have tlie honcnir to transmit to your l.oi'dship a eojiy of ;,n ii|)))io\i'il Uejiorl ol' a CommiKee o|' (he I'rivy Coiuu'il upon whi'-li my (elei^rarn was llfiscil. T tiave. .Sic. ^Siuned) STAN LEV of I'JtKKrON. Inelosiive 2 i;i \o. IW. Hijiiifl iif (I ('(iiiniiilli'i' of llir Uitiibitriihlr Ihr Pi nil Coiiiiril. ii/iprori'd liij liis Ei ri'lhuiii/ llic Goi'ernor-Geiieral in Coinirll mi Ihc '17 1 h Ovlnlicr, IbHN. 'I'll I'l Coinniillee of Hie I'rivy Couneil hinim;' referred (he (ele^'ram ot the 201 h Octolji'r instant (isSHj, from Lord Knulsl'onl. in (lie terms, '• Heleiriny; to your telei,'ram (ll!i Ortoher. Uehrini;''*. Sea, and despateh Sth tletoher; what answer should he riiiniied. 'Adar'" to the Minister of .Marine and i''ishei'ies, who Ih adviM-d hy a lii'spiiteh from tlie liieutenant-dovernor of Hritish t'olumhia thiit the a^'i'nt for the iiuiiersof the schooner "Ada '' does not ohjeet to the orii^inal appi'aiHemeril, lespretlnlly ivi'iinnnen*! tint yonr Lveidlency he moved to telcjiJiph Lord K'niitsfiird in theahove ^riisc in answer to his leleicrniu of the 20lh October insiant. (Si«')u.>d) JOHN .1. MHij'L, rVrr/f, I'rii-il ('iinnril. Tuolosure :5 in No. iflO. I.nrd hniilsford In hiinl S/iinli'ii nl l'ii:ilnii. (Telciirnphid.) Ihnrniiui Slrvrl, Xnifiidn'r 0, IHMH, U rril nd'ercMce to your teleiii'.ini of 27111 nei.ilipr, Cniti'd Si.itrs' (loverrirnent will he inl'ormed thiit owners ol' " .Vihi " do nle,i>Tieck," referred to in my telegram of the Dili October r Oxn«ift(W of British Columbia ires.ses for reply. No. 171. The Marquis of SalixliKrii to Mr. Ilcrlu'rt. (Telegrapliie.) forcit/ii Offin; Dewmher 't, l¥vH. WHAT answi'r from United States' (Jovernnient as to Ikluing's Sea mxm*!* referred to in my telegnim of \l\ ha» u*-; returned by tlu; I'lii^'d Stiites' (Government to the re(|uest tiial they wnuld uuihoriz^' J!^.* reiippr.iisemi lit of t i ■ lirilisli vessels "(J race" iuid " |)olplHn" sei/.ed in BelmngV fV* Mr. Herbert, v iio is in clmrge of Her .Maje>ty's Legation at \\ii»\>\iisilwi, im» reported in n telegram, dated the oih instiint, that he had on that day again ftitk^iii fivr an finswer from the i'niied Slalc--' Government. I urn, &u. (Signed) JULIAN PAUXCKFOTK No. 174. Mr. Ilcrherl to the Murquin of Salisbury. — (Received December 11.) My Lord, Waahitigton, November ^0, i^t 1 HAN'F; the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Lordshi|»'fc t*2«fn« of the 'J'2\u\, Mini to state tlinl Mr. Hiiyiird. in reply to my coniinuuicutiun, that tibvoMM* of thf " Ada " did not object to the ori>rinal aL\ntrhimtUf^i, hnn informed me that the Attorney-General has Ijeen made accjuaiuted willi U><'if /(wi-tion, {\^i^tm\j AFrTHIIR nERBERT. No. 175. Mr. Herbert to the Marquin of fiiil^iiOury.'^aUmreti Deri-mbrr 24.) Mv I-ord, tVf/Mnfjlon, Decemiier 12, 1888. iiX tlie receipt of your Lordship's ic]e'jf.'i)ii fe of the 12th October on ilie Hiibject of tiic re-npiiraisi'iiieiil of the Uritish *<'»)i't< s';ized in IJehring'.s Sea in l"-"!. and I have now received a noli; fioiu J(j;w, - ; J' */f which witli its indowures 1 inclo-o liereuitii, in wliicli he states flint he has \tvt'U iufnttni-r] F»y the Attorney-General th.at orders were <;iven on the i Itli nltinio i'o)- the itnUs of the vessels in (picstion, but that he has not yet heard whether the sah; lias been en unt. i\s soon, however, as he \* informed by the Department of Justice he v»jij Aulf tuMtti rne as to what has taken place. I have sent a coj)y of Mr. Bayard's note to liie titt^f/tnut General of Ganada. {Hil^nad) MICHAEL H HER13KRT. Inelosure 1 in So, H'ti Mr. Unyarit to Mr. Ihrli»ffl, ^\x, Depininient ol Hlal", tVanhint/ton, Di-remlter 10. 1888. I HAVE the lionour to ncknowled;;e the receipt nf r',m note of the "ith instant, in which you oall attention to tiie note of l^ord HH4^*m(' iif the l-'th October hist, in rclafien tn the upiiraisement of three of tiie four ^inu^^t t4;h>H»w.Tn seized and condemned for illicitly taivinij,- seals in lk'hrinj;'s Sea in l>^-T. 'i ii(! iiot<' relcrred to was at oner coinniuoieau«i i» ihf Opurtiueiit of .Instice with ft ii'(piust for an opinion on ilie (|nestioii m' r<'.app»Mi.Mi«»ll, Some time ])revioiisly, upon tiie refjuent of die i\iirnun tif .•<«ii-buiy, the sale ol tlie 'fhooncr-. iind liecn slaved by tliis (lovcnniieiit in oi'l«'» iUftl ('(ill opportimityiiiiiiht beyiveii to iiicir owners to make some arran;i(Miients whereby ih^'V (/Jj^ht lir< ome repossessed of the vessel-. On the I Kb Oc.'tolier. the dii> preccd'ti^j ib' littU' • f Ibr mite i.i' l.uril Sackville ikbnve rderred to. tlie ,\tloniey-( ieneial \»rolb the I'liilcd States iind liie claimants would lie be>L -ubserved b.\ n »|m.'«'*J' -iile <■!' the ves.->eK. Hy ibis letter il appears that. alilioiiK'h tiie Mdiuonerh \miI ItthK f.uf*- ircen condenuicd. nu claims ha>l hi'cii (ile.l by ibeii owiiit.» anil no bumls yiveii («r ''»»•(', Xevertlieless. the Depart- ment a;.;ain considteil the l)epai'tinen( ol .lustii-e in <<^(<(»r(l to Ihi' pro|io>ilion contained in thi' note umb" date of the 12th Ocloiter. I'liiit'l' tinlc i-i the ^Otli October last a f' j.U I'loin the Atiorney-( ieiiei;il \\a-« received, e<>|/) M n)iu'h is mclosed. To this I nuKle iiiiswei' on the 27th October, expri'Shiii/f \ny onnmurrmi'i' hr the view of the .Vtlorney- 'bn.ial, that, under the circmnsiaii'-es, ine \v\M-r viiin-*< tut (lU eonrerned was (o let the ■•(vli' 1)1' tiie vessels take place at once, as deluy ntntmvti ioiprftcticable. ami could only 1"! iirodiictive ol' loss. Ill the lull of last month the \ttoniey.G<'neritl >ulin« U/ "(R'rl. a, *n\i'. of the four xessids as "pccdily ns possible. Since that lime no conespomleiice on the Mubj«M.'l Unm inktiit place with the Deparl- mcnl of Justice except a iei|iiesi I'ldin this Di-iwdiocHl fill tlie I7_) tlic I'liitctl States under tlu; Treaty of 1867 licUvt'LMi Itussia and tlie Lliiited States, and Ijeyond the limit of 10 miles from any land. U is I'mther stipulated that in case tiie vessels or any of tliem siiall be condemned, l)y any order of the Court, that the same shall not he si)ld until the exiiiratioii of three nionths from the publication of any order t)rdcrin<^ such nales, and that such sales «hall take i)Iacc at Port Townseud or some other point oti Puget Sound. it is further sti))ulaled that the del'enihuiis may j;ive security l>i|- a^vionl to the ■iuiircnie Court of the United States, or such other Court as may have jurisdiction, In bonds of any ([ualilied bondsmen in Washington Territory, Or«(»iin. or California. I'pon the ([uestion of facts thus agreed upon, tiie parties submit the cases to ihe Court upon tiie law ipiestion raised i)y the demurrer. On behalf of the Masters of the ai)Ove schooners. (Signed) A. Iv. DliLANHY, Attorney for the United Htutim. f^pptemlicr 10, 1887. (Signed) M. AV. DIJAKK. Inclosure 5 in No. 17r». Mr. Oarlavd to Mr. liiiijdrd. Sir, Dcjinrtivnil of .hisl'ict'. U'dshim/loii, Orlnlicr 11. 188S. I HEREWITH inclose copies of cDnnnunicnlions received fnim W. .\l. (irant, United States' Attorney for Ahiska, from l!ie facts submitted by him in coiiiiection with tiiose contained in my letter oi' the i'Oth S'.>|iloml)er. I submit whelher ii will nol be expedient, and for the best inlerests both of (he I'nited States and adverse claimants, if there l)e such, that the vessels I'oferred to be soeedily sold. ,\n answer is ilesired at your curliest convenience. Very rcsi)ectfully. (Signed) A. H. GAULAND, .l/^),■/.'7/.^^•»mr/. No. 170. ,he miistcr," Mr. Herbert to tin; Marquis of Salisbtirii, — (Received .hoiuuri/ 'J'i.) My Lord, IVa-ihimjInu, .hiiHinrij X, 1H8J). I HAVE the honour to report that "Wy. Floar inlroduced fi Kosolnlion in the Seiint(> on the .'ird instant, asking <'oi' any correspondence that may have taken pla(H' with (ireat ih'itain in regard to the si ■il-lishcrics in or near H(;hring's Straits, especially a> til the soi/ure or release ui' any i^ritish vessels liy the United States; and also iiskiiiii' for information ;is to the Ifegiilations goveniiun' the lisheries wliiidi li.ive been niliipled by the Unit . oiales' (Jovernment. Mr. Hoar alleges that (here have been, and still arc, widespread comiiiainls of unjust discrimination niadi' against Anwriean vessids in those waters, and liiat while tliey Mve not jjcvmitted to take seals mil at sea, which is perfectly i)n>per and right, iKiiiilerl'evencc is made with the operations of the ves^''-; ol' otl er eniiiilriis, iiarticnlavly tliiise of (ireat Uritain. Ibis ISesolution, which was adopled by Iho iScnate, was probably prompted by the rt'fcrence in the Presid(M\t's Jlcssage to a proposed nrrangenuMit ivith loreign Powers for tlu! protection of liir-seals in lUdiring's Sea, which lias aroused a good deal of curiosity here. The passage! in (|Meslioii I'an as lullows :— " My (Mideavonrs to establish, by iiitcriialinnal co-operation. niea>-iires for the lircvention of the exIiM'minatioii of i'nr-seals in Heliring's Sea, ha\e not been r(>lax<'il, and 1 luive hopes of being enabled slKuMly to submit, an etVeetive and satisfactory Ciiiiventional project with the .Maritime I'owers for the approval ol' the Senate." I will not fail to send your Lordship a cnp.v ot' the eorrespondenee asked lor as soon as it is presented to Congress. I have, t.\ie. (Signed^ MTOilAl'.L II. 11 111! HKl!'!'. 128] 'J il 234 No. 177. The Marquin of Salisbury to Mr. Edwardes. — (Substance telegraphed.) Sir, ForPHjv Offire, March 2.'5, 18«9. MY attention has boon called to a teles;ram, dated Wa^liiiiLildn, the 22iid March, which a|)|)eai'ed in the " Times " of te-day, to the elVeet Ihat I'resident flarrison han issued a I'roehmialion warning; Ibveiiiu lishiiiiif-vessejs against enterinij tlie waters ol Beln-iuii's Sea, within the dominion of tiie United States, lor uidawl'ul tishiii;^ for i'ur-bcanng animals or salmon. I have to re(|uest you to report to mc, by telcjjraph, tlie exact terms of the Proclamation referred to. I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURT. No. 17H. Mr. Edwardes to the Marquis of Salisbury. — (Received by telegraph, March 23.) My Lord, Washington, March 23, 188!). I H Wj'j had the honour to inform your Lordsliip to-day, by tclegrapli, that a Proclamation was issued late yesterday afternoon by the President, warning ail ])ersons against entering the waters of Bchring's Sea within tiic domain of the United States for the puri)ose of violating the provisions of seiition lit'ili of tlie Revised Statutes relating to the lulling of fur-bearing animals, and that, if found doing so, they will be arrested and their ves.sel.s, apparel, &c., will be seized. I have, &c. (Signed) H. (1. JiDWAEDES. No. 179. Mr, Edwardes to the Marquis of Salisbury. — (Received by telegraph, March 23.) My Lord, Washington, March 23, 18S!). IN obedience to your Lordship's instructions received in your telegram of to-day's date, I bad the honour to send to you. by telegra]i)i, the exact terms of tiie rresident's Proclamation issued yesterday afternoon, wbicli he issued luuler the authority giiuitcd t.o him by tlie Act of the 2nd March, J SSI), providing for the protection of the sabnoii fisheries of Alasl)i;i])er (if any such liiere he) puhli.sluul at each United Stati's' jjort of entry on the I'neilie (.'oast, warnini;' all jicrsons against enteriu'^ such waters lor the pur[)ose of viol.'itiuL;' the])rovisions of said section, and he shall .also cause oni; or more of the vessels of tiie rnitetl States to dili^jently ernize said waters, and arrest all )>ersons and seize all vessels found to he or to have heeu en!,'ai,'ed in any vicdation of the Laws of the I'nited States therein. Now, therefore 1, Henjamin Harrison, President of the United States, pursuant to the nhove recited Statutes, herehy warn all ])ersons a^aiiisl entering; the waters of Bchriuii's Sea within the domain of the United States for the pnrimse of violatim:; tlie provisions of said section V,)'i(\ llovised Statutes, and I lierehy pro(daim that all persons i'ouiul to he or to haveheen enLras^ed in any violation of the Laws of the Uidted Staler in said waters will he arrested and ])nnished as above ])rovi|)t(>mbcr, tile |iii'seiice of the " Thetis " until Ihi-n will add security to those en i,'a!j:ed in that iiu|i'irtant induslry, and the "'i'hetis" will remain until they have taken their di'iiarlure southward, takin;^ can; not to Ix; caught iu the ico. She Avill return to Sitka and await further instructions. Sir, No. 180. Colonial Office to Forciijn Office.— (Received March 20.) Dnwniuij Street, March 20, T«R!). 1 A.M directed by Lord Knutsford to request that you will call the attention of the Maripiis of Salisbury to tin; accompauyini; copy of a telcn'ram from Washinii'ton «liieli appeared in th(> " Times " of the 2.'Jrd instant. As the Canadian sea liuj;'- vessels will shortly ho lu'oceediiifj to tlio scalin";-!j;rouuds [128] 2 H a 236 in 13elirins;'s Sea, Lord Kiuitsford would I)c> i^lad if Lord Salisbury Avoidd tclciiTaph to Uer ]^lajos(y's Cliari^u d'AHhires at W'asliiugtoa to ascertain whether the statcnicnt in the telegram is i orrect. i am It) supi;,-"st also thai Mr. llorbort should, at the same time, he instructed, if the statonicut is coii-ect, to inform tlie United States' Government that Her iFajesty's Uovcnuiicnt. cannot rcnuin' iIm' masters of British vessels, Mhen lishini^ in Eehrinij's Sea heyoiul tlie IJ-niile limit, to n>cou;uize the Laws of the United Stjites. I am, &c. (Signed) JOHN BllAiMSTON. Inclosure in No. 180. Tlio AUtuka Fishcrh's. Wiisli'niiitiin, Marrk l'2. PllESlDKNT TTAEETSOX has issued a I'roclamatinn, warniii- forei-u iisliing. vessels at^ainst cuterinij the waters of Uehrinfj^'s Sea, within the dominion of tlie United States, for mdawful iishinu for fur-hcariu;^ animals or sabuon. No. 181. Foreign Office to Colonial Office. Forciijn Office, March 30, 1889. HAVE laid h(>r;ht a t(degram (copy inclosed) from Lord Stanley of I'reston, informing me that the Canadian Minister of .Marine is not of opinion thai any intervention on the pari of Jfer Majesty's .Legation at this moment would lie of valur. 'I'lie owners of the vessels were not willing to bond at the valuation made by the United States' nutborities, and the late Administration had refused to allmv ;i revaluation. cons(!quently, rel'rnin from action in the maltei 1 shall instructions I have, &e. (Signed) IT. (i. without fiu'tlier EDWAllUilS. 237 Inelosurc 1 in No. 182. Mr. Edwardes to Lord Stanletj of Preston. (Toli'i,'raj)hic.) Wttshinglon, March 8, 1889. 1 HAVE learnt from private source tliat tlio three seized Uritisli sealers are to be sold on the 26th instant. I might endeavour to obtain a postponement of the sale if the owners are willing to bond their vessels. Inclosure 2 in No. 182. Lord Stanley of Preston to Mr. Edwardes. March 12, 1889. YOUR telegram of the 8th March. Minister of Marine does not think that any interference just now would be of any value. Owners of vessels will not bond at present valuation, and request for revalua- tion was refused by late Government. bout I'lirtlior No. 183. Mr. Edwardes to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received April 1 .) Sly Lord, Washington, March 18, 1889. 1 HAVE the honour to inclose to your Lordship herewith a copy of a Bill which has become law, providing for the jtrotoction of the salmon fisheries of Alaska. 1 liav(! thought it wortliy of transmission on account of section 3 of the Act wliicli might possibly be quoted in connection with the seizure of sealers in the Doliring's Sea. I have, &c. (Signed) H. G. EDWARDES. Inclosure in No. 183. [Public— No. 158.] An Act to irrovide for the Protection of the Salmon Fisheries of Alaska. BE it cnact(Hl, by the Senate and Uouso of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled. That the erection of dams, Inirricades, or other obstructions to any of the rivers of Alaska, with the purpose or result of preventing or impeding the ascent of salmon or otlier anadromous spt.'cies to their spawning grounds, is hereby (Iccliired to l)e unlawful, and the Secretary of the Treasury is herol)y authorized and ilireeted to csUiblish saeh regulations and surveillance as may be necessary to insure tliat this prohibition is strictly enforced, and to otherwise protect the salmon fisheries 'if Alaska ; and (svery person who shall Ix; found guilty of a violation of the provisions iiftliis section shall be fined not less than 250 dollars for each day of the continuance of "iueh obstruction. Sec. 2. That the Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries is hereby empowered and directed to institute an investigation into the habits, abundance, and distribution of the salmon of Alaska, as well as the pi-esent conditions and methods of the fisheries, with a view of recommending to Congress such additional legislatiim as may bo necessary to prevent the impairment or exhaustion of these valuable fisheries, and placing them under regular and permanent conditions of i)ro(luction. See. 3. That section l'.>.j(i of the Revised Statutes of the United States is hereby declared to include and apply to all the dominion of the United Stat(>s in the waters of Behring's Sea ; and it shall be the duty of the I'rcsident, at a timely season in each year, to issue his J'roclamation, and cause the same to b(> published for one month in at least one newHpa|)er, if any such there be published at eachUnite(l States' port of entry 288 oil tlic Pacific coast, warning' all persons a!,'aiiist ^<'utc^illt? said Malt-rs Tor the purpose of violatin:,' tlic provisions of saiil section; and li(> s'lall also ciUiso one or more vessuls of tlic United Slates to diiii^i-ntly cruise sail wiitc's and arrcsl ;iil persons, and sci/rall vessels found tobCjOr to lUiVu ljo?u, engaged in any viidaiiouol' the Laws of the I ailed States therein. Approved Marcli :.'. 1^^'J. No. 18t. Foreign Office to Colon in I Office i'dr. Vnrciijii Office, Ajiril \, 1SS|), 1 A5I directed by the -^^ar(luis of Salislniry to transmit, for tlu; in/orinatimi of Secretary Loi'd Knntsl'ord, a cojjy of a despatch from .Mr. Ildwardes, 1 1 cr Majesty's L'luu'ifi'- d'Alfaires at \\'ashiniiton,* on llie cpiestion of the sale of the tjii'ee l!ritisii vessels seized by (lie United Stales' authiirili(>s in T-isy -when (MisraLicd in sea! tishiti;,' in lJ(dirinu's Sea, and 1 am to reipiesi tiiat yon will move his Lordship to rurnisli Loril Salisbury with any observalions he may have to otl'er on Mr. Edwarde.s' d(?spateh. J um, ttc. (Si-ned) T. U. SANDERS(j>. No. 185. Mr. I'lihnirdcs fn tin- Marquis of Snlisburij. — -{Rireired April .">.) (Extract.) l\'nsl,itu;ton, March !>.">. ISS,".). r JLVVf; the honour to transmit to your Enrdship herewith extracts ol' tlio (•(jrrespondeiu'i- which lias been published in response to a Senate llesoliition of tlir 2nd .lanuary, ISS'), upon the seal lisheries in Behriiiii's Sea. Inclosure in No. 185. K.ih.icls I'rt.m I'lirl fV I'/ III! Mc^siiin; from Ihi: I'raidml uj Ihf I'niM Hlnlcs ff' /''•/■n"i,'i/ IL,'. jSS'.i, .")(l/A 6'(...7/v.«, '2iiil ,S(.f.s('((,i, iV'. iJor. Nil. lIKl. ^fr. Pii/ilicii til Mr. Ailniii!,. rrnnisliiliiiii.) iriislihi./toii. .TuniKirii ,30 (Fihnmri/ 11 ). \>^-'l THE Uiiili'Mi'^iKMl, JuivdV I'lxirnui'cliiiMiy and Miiii.-.iri' I'li'iiiiinii'iiiinry li lli^i Muji'sly il"' l',n]|ii'riii' lit' Al! ihi' l!ii>>i.is, iu (■iiiis(m[U(.'11c'c uf iiiders wliirli Iimvp liili'ly icmlicd liiiii. lui^li'iis licicwilli III traiisiiiil til Mr. .Viluiiis. SiMirlary "( til;it(: in tlie lic|iintinciil nl' l-'nn'i.Lrii Alliiiis. a |iiiiiUMl I'lipy nl the l!i';julntiiiiis ;tilii]iti'il liv till' Itussiini-Auiciirmi Cuiiiiiiiiiy. and >aiKtiiiiicil liy lii-< iiiiii.iial IMaJislv rclativi' to t'nii-i','ii iMinuncnM' in tlie waters IxifdcriiiL; llm fStalilisliiiuMits of the Muid ('niii|iiui\ mi lli'' iicirtli-'vrst i-nast lit' Aiiiei'ii'a. 'I'lio l"iid('iMi;iii(M| I'liiii-civcs it, til li(j, iiiiiicdvor, lii.s diil\- tn iid'iiriii Mr. .Vdaiiis llini 'lui Imi'iiiil (iiiviaiiiiH'iit. Ill iiiliilitniL; tliu li'c.u'iiliiti'Hi. .sii)i|"i.-ii-s lliiit a l'iirci;4ii slii|i, wiiiili siiall liave sailod trnia i luudpiMii ]iort at'tuv the l>l Marcli, JSiil.', or I'lnm nin' cit' the jmrts nl' tlie I'liili.Ml ."^tatrs aflrr tin' l^it .lulv III' lli(^ saiiie voar, (;aiiiiiit lawl'itUy [iivteiid i'.;li(iriilici' iif tlm^ic new iiica-^ines. Tlie Uiideisiuiiid. v<-. (Si-iifd) l'lKi;l!K UK roLKTU'.V. Inclnsuro 1. Kiliit «;/ //(.s /iiijiiriiil .Miijisdj, Aulucmt. nf All thr ItiiHsiiin. TttK. dhciliiiL' Sciiale inaliitli l<< iIk Ui'^tiliilimis, wliull aiv li.ivlu iiltiirlic.l i ■■ i i ■ III loiwanliii;; tlicsi' lii'^iiliilinns lo lln' iliiuctiiif^Sciiiilr, wi' i(iiiim;iiiil tliui \\u- mmv W jiublHliuil i,„ iiiii\.'i-.il inroiiiuitiiiii, iiiiii llinl tli(! ]p|ii|ii;r mi'iisiiius Iju liikeii in earn llirin iiitn cxi'i'iilitm. ' (>i-i!i'.i) ((iiiiif I'. i!('i;ii:r. .i/uii.s/. y /'ukokw ll I- llicivi'iiri' ili'civfil liy till' iliroctiii!,' Sfimt.' llmt lli-i liii\i.rMl M.-ijc-ix •< lAul \v \>[{\v till- iiirnriiuilioii 111' nil iiiiMi. Mliil tliiil llic siiiiii' lio nlifvcil liy ull wiiuni ii may iuiutiii. fri riiiiiiiil is hiuniil liy ilw iliii'iiiii'^ Sciiiilc.] rnnlril ill St. I'l'tiMslniri^li. hi iIm' Sriiiilc. liii' Ttli SfptoiiilHT. ISJI, [(111 till' , liiu>:| ]><■ it accunliiiLilv. (SiKiii'.!) ALKXANDKi; K'' nil uiii'ji (kli-Kj)', tStptciiiiii- 4. IHi'l. Iiiclusurti 1'. liiili^i:ilnlili.i/inl f'lr (he LimilA nj' Xi'rii/n/inn initl Onhr of Cnmnimudiliini ulinxij M.' ivki.s^ of the KfiKfcrn Sihirid. Ihf iiiirth.-wCHtcni. cuitd of Aini.iLCfi, I'lul the Aleutian, Ki'filc, I'li'l olhrr / 111' iioiiliiTii lalituilc: alsn I'liim tlif Aliuliali jslaml- In llir I'asttili • lavl 111 Siliiliii, as wi'll lis ulnilji llic JCiiiili! islands Irnm i'>ilniii;;'s Stiail In llii- sniill [if nl llii' Maml 111' I'lnii. vi/.., \>< A'l nil' miidu'iii latilmlc, an' I'Nrlusivily ;:iaiili'il In Itiissiaii suljiils, Sn'. 'J. It is tln'iflnii' I rnliiliiii'il til all Inivij,'!! vissc'ls mil niily tn laiiil nil llii: cnasis ami jsliiiiils Wuiifiiiiu In Jiussia. us stal' il almvc, Imt iilsn lu aiiiimadi tliiiii williin liss than llMI Itali.iii iiiik's, liii' liaiisjjri'ssiii'.s vi'ssi' '- •^'i' hxI In I'lHilisi'atinn .ilnii'.' with llm wlmlf raiyn. Nv. ;i. All i'Xi-o|ilioii ii tills mil' is in liu maili; in favmir nl' vissi-ls laniiil lliilln'r liy In a\y ;,'iili;s, Ml ii'al waul of iirovisiiiiis, ami niialilii In make any nlliiT slmn's Inil siicli as In'luiij; to Itiissiii ; in iht'Si' rasi's llii'y alv nlili^iil In |iiniliici' min iiicin^ lirnnt's nl' iictnal ri'asiiii fnr siii'li an i'\rt |ilinii. Slii)i.s "I' rni'iiiUy (niNi'iiinients. nu'ii'ly mi ilisuuVLTii-s, ari' liki'wisii I'M'tiipl rimii llii' rnii';,'i.iiii; li'iilr ■iilinii :.'). Ill this L'a.r, linwovcr, thuy iiiu.sl pruvinusly lie pruviilril witli ]ia.ssi'nrl,s liuiii llif liiis.iiaii Miiiisiii- nl' the Niivy. .)fi: Aduiiis to Mr. J'olcCicit. Sii. Dijxn-tiiuiit of Slnl,. ]\'iJni>iito,i. fihrunrtj '2'; ISl'L'. 1 ILW'I', ilic- liniMui- nf iviiiviii',' ymiv imln 111 till' mil iii'^tanl, iiii'ln-.iii.j; a loiiili'il i'n|iy nf tho iJi'.'iilaiiMiis ailniilnl liy the li'ilssiaii-AimTii'an Cniii|iany, aliil sainliniu'il liy His liillu'vial Majrsty, ii'liiliii'.' In till' nimimTi-f (if |'iiri-i;jiirrs in thn wutiTs Imrilciinj;- nii till' 1 stiilili.siiim Ills nl' llial ("nmiiany il|«Ml till' nnl'tli-wi'St rnasl (if Alll'-li'-a. I am illrciti'il liy tlii' I'lvsiili'nt nf tlic riiiluil Status tn inrmni yoii lliat lie lias sri'ii svitli siifprisi', ill tills Kdict, ilic a-iltinli nf a li'iTilniial claim nil tin' part nf lliissia, cxti'mllli'^ tn tin' "ilst ilri;ri'i' nl' iii'illi lalitiiilu nil this cniilimnit, and a l!i';,'iilalinii inlci'diitiii;,' m all cnniim'niiil vi'sscls ntlii'i- tlian l!u-^i:iii tipnii till' pi'iialty nf sfizuii' and innliscatinii. till' apprnai h uimii the lii^li si'as within ll'il Italian liiilrs of the shnics tn which l hat claim is niadi' In apply, 'rlii' lolatinlis nf the I'niti'd Still's with His Iiii|ii'rial IMajcsly liavu always Ihtii nf tlii' ninst fricmllv I'harmti'f, and it is tlif iiiniisi ilcsiiv (if this (idvcriinu'nt tn ini'scivi' thmi in that state. It was I'vpi'itcd, ln'fnir any act «'liiili shniild dclinc the liniiiidaiy lii'twi'cii the ti'nitnrics nf tho I'liitcd States ami Itnssia mi this oiiiitiiiiiit, that till' siinii' wiuild have lieen arniii'jed hy Treaty lielwei'ii tlie paities. 'I'n exelmle the Vessel iif mil- citizens I'rum the .slmre lievdiid ti.': nrdiiiarv distance In which ihe lenitnrial jurisdiction I'Xti'inls, has excited still ;:ieiiter surprise. This Ordinance alteiis se deeply the ri-lits nf the I'nited Slates and nf llii'ir cili/clis that I ain '.listniited 111 iiuinire whether yen are iillthnrized t(i ;,'ive ex]ilaiiatiiins nf the ulnlinds nl' ll;;hl, ll|ion !'riiii'i|.lcs ;,'enerally reennnized hy the laws and nsaircs nf nations, which can \Mirnilit the claims and Ili'gul.Uinns cniiUiineil in it. f avail, .Ve. (Sij;ne,n lOllN (.triNt-'V AJ)AJl5i. Mr. I'ohtieo to Mr. A t'uriiiHli iiinm and aiiimunitioii to tlic iiiilivcs in tlic Itussiiin iiii-scssidus in America, exciting them likewise in every manner to resist iiiul revolt against the authorities \\v-tf established. "The A'ncrican (lovi'rniiieiit iloulitless recollects tliat the irrcLsiilar cnndurl of tliese advent mi'S the majority of whom was lonipnsed of AmiTiciiii eiiizcns, has licen tlie olijcct of the most pii'ssiiii renionstranccN on the )>,'irl of KusHin to the Federal liovernment from the time tljiil I)ii)l(jiniiti( Missions were or^aMized Itetween the countries. These remonstrances, repeated at did'cretil tiiric- remain constantly without uH'uet, and tiie inconveniences to whicli they oii;.^lit to hrinj,' a hineilv continue to increase " 1 ou^lil, in the IiLst jilace, to reipiest you to consider, Sir, that the liussiun juiHsc^sions in ili,' Pacific Ocean extend, on the north-west coast of iVinerica, from licliriii'/s ^Mrait to the ."dst de'.,'rej 'if north latituilc, and on the opposite widi^ of Asia and tlie islands adjacent, from the same strait to tin' 45th dcj^'ree. The; extent of sea of whieli these possessions lorjii thi; linuts c tin- existence! of the small .Scttli'inent ' Novo Archangclsk, situated, not on the Americnn continent, Imt upon a small island in latitude ."u^ ; and the principle u]ion which you sti.o tliat this claim i-^ nnw advanced is that the ."ilil degri'c is e(|uidistant from tht^ Settlement of Xovo .\rchangtdsk and tin- estalilishment of tlic I'nitx'd Sialics at the mouth of the I'ohnnliia Itiver. llul, from tin sann' ^liitc- nioiit, it appeal^ lliul, in the year 17'J!', tia; limits presciihcd liy the Kmperor I'aul to the llasiiaii- Anicrican Company were fixed at th\:e. (Signed) .lOJIN gUINcV ,\|iAMS. Mr. i'oMica lo Mr. Ailmim, (Extract.) II W(/H, Imiicriid (iipviiiiiiii-iit extend to nil exclusive Icrritoiiid jiirisdiilion from Ihe 4.'Jtli de;;rL-(( nf north liitiliide, on llii- A'liilie, eoiist, to liie liitiliid(! of ol noHii on the western loiist of the; Anierieiui eonliiii-nl : :iiid tlie\ li^hnnie the ii;;]it. of inteiilicl ill;; the iiiivi;,'iitioii mid (ishery of ;ill olhei' iKilioiis to tlie extent of lOII mill's from I lie Wliole of thlll coilsl. Till' I'liiied Sillies ciiii iidiiiit no jinrt oi tiiese cliiini!!. Their riu'hl of iiiivitiution mid of lishinu i.s |i(:r|erl, iiiid hiiH iieell in eoii.stiint exercise from the eiirliest times, lifter tho I'eilee of l"S,",. throu'jllolit tlie ttliole extent of the Southern 0{:eiin, Hiihjeil only to the oi'ijiniirv exceptions und oxidiisions of the icmloiiiil Jiirisdielioiis, wliieli, so fur us I'lissiiin ri^'lits ar meeriied, ur.! eontined to eertiiin isliinils iiorlli of ilie ."i."lli dei'ree of liitiliide. mid liiive no existence on the (Continent of Anierien. .\T the fourth ( 'oiifcri-nciMvIiieh |)ieceded the Hi;r||„iine of tho Treiitv of the "ith (17tli) Ajiril, IKJl, Mr. -Middlelon, the riiiled Sliitcs' l!i!|)resnntiitive, siilimilteil to (.'ouiii Xo.sselrode the fuUowinij piilior: — "(I'nnislation.) 'Till' dominion cannot be iiciiiiiie.d but hy a riiul nccupatioii and possession, and an intention ( iiiiiiiiiis ')io establish it is by no iiieans siillicieiit. ' \iiw, it is ijcar, accordiii;,' in the lacts estalilishid, that ni.'itlier lliissia nor any other Kiirojiean I'liHi r has the li;,dit nf dominion upon the continent of Aineii<:a bolwcen the JOtli and lidtli decrees of iiiiilli latitude. " Slill ji'ss has she the dominion of the iidjaceiit iiiarilime territiay.or of the sen which washes thesi; iiiiisb, a iliiiiiinioii which is inily accessory to the territorial dominion. ' Tlierefoie she has not the rij^hl of cxilusion or of admission on these coasts, nor in these sea.s, wliidi are free seas. ' The ii;,dil of iiavi^^alino all the free seas bcloiiys, by naliiral law, to every indcpeiideiii nation, .iiiij ivi II constitutes iin essential part of this iiidcjicndeiice. " The I 'nited .Stales have exeicised na\i;;iilioii in the .-i .i-, inid coninnrce niioii the coasts above iiiiiiiiiiiied, from the lime of their iiidepeiideiii e ; and (hey have ii perfect ri,i;li( (o (his naviu'atinn ami to (Ills (!oiiinierce, and they can only bo ilepriM-d of it by ihuirown net or by a (''invention." Kxt rail f rum Uimvcnlion of April 5 (17), 18L'4. AltTK'IJ'i I. i( isaj/ieed lliiit, in any part of the ureat ocean, commonly called (he I'licitie Ceean or Siil.li Sea, I he Icspective cili/.elis or subjects of the lli;,di ( 'nntl'iicl il|o Powers shall be licillier dis- liulicd nor restrained, either in navioation or in (ishiny.or in the power of lesialiii;;' to th.' coasts, upon |«Miii . wliii'h niiiy not already have been occupied, for the piiiposi' of iradiiio with the natives, Riivin;,i ahiii\ < Ihn lestricl ions and coinliliolis determined by the lollowino Articles. .\il II. With a view of )ireveiiliii^ the ri^dits of na\i;;alioii and oi (ishiiio exercised ii]ion the ;;i'al o( eiili liy the citizens and silb|ec(s of the IJioh ( 'ontniclin^,' Powers from lucoliiine ibi' pretext for all illicil tiaile, it is aer 1 (lull the citizens of the I'nited Stales shall no( resor( (o any ]ioiiit wliiTe ilii'ie is a Ifiissimi esdiblishmeiit, wiiliiiiit ilie |ieiniis-ioii of ilie (bivernor .r I 'onniimidei : mid dial, ii'i l|'lorally, the subjects of Jlussiii sliall not lesoil, Wllhoiil permission, to any e-tablishliielit of I he I mild Slates upon the norlli-West coiiii( o 1 ' •111' of iiorlli lidididc . mid that, III (lie saiiie nialiiier, (here shall be none loimed by liihsiaii siibjeeis. or under llie aiitliorit\ ol lliissiii, '"iiKli ol the Hiiine |i2 .'io' west; that on (he ISth a IJussian armed luii; aniveil in the harlioiir (jI Tateskev, latitude "i I 4.">' north, anil Innuiludc! i: est : thai on the succ din'.r
  • li," was siaiflu-d, an'l also a cojjv ot a fdccrani from llu Collfftor ol Customs at \ ictoria, irivjiii; inl'onn.ilio'.i as to tlic arrival ■>!' t'u- seize! schooner " iUack Diamond" at that port. I hi.ve, &c. (Sii,MU(l) STANLEY OF FRESTON. Inclosun- 2 in No. ■;!•». Hrftorl tit a Coiiiiiiillrr nf thf llnnciiriiiilr tlir Priiii Council, iipprovril In/ liix Kvcrlli-nni th' Gnvernor-Grnrrnl in Cniinrit, on ihr \\th Auijit.it, 18^y. Till". CnmniiltiT ot Couiuil havi' had nndor consido "ation n dospauh, dalcil iln .?Oth Jul'., l**'**;), Inmi thr iiicutiiiant-t iovornor ">l Hrit'»li Colutnhia, rcspectiii!; the scizun- o! ihf Uritisli sciiooui-r " isl.iik Di.iniond" liv tin '.'i.i'jd .Stato' cutter " Kiilmril Ru»li," 70 i\i\\c» lW>ni land, and tninsiiiittinir a ciitlini'; iroin the " Colonist," a Hritisii Colundiia nvv, spapir, cnntaniini: C;iptain ^ !■•!.. ';:n's stii'.enii lit of the circumstanci'R iiiidfr «hii-ii his vi-ssi'l. thf "Tnnniph," u;is seariiicn, n'.ii also a li'lcLrrain Iroin llic Coll'itor > i Customs .-It \ ifioria, fcivini; inforiiialioii as to the uriv d oi tin- si'i/.c-d Nciiuuiur " Uluck Diamond " at \ ii'toriu. Till' ComtinttO' advise Miat eopie-. ol lh''s(' eoiiuminiealions he tnuisiiiitted to the Hi'jlit llononiahle the SeiMitarv ol Stale for tin- Colonie-, (oi the iiiliirnniiou of lie .Majesty'* < io\ ernmenr. .\ll wliieli i« re^|ieetrilll\ siiluniltcd liir iipprovitl, (Si,..iefh .U)liN .1. M((;r.K, Ctrrk, I'rin/ Cntimil. iiiilo'.ure ■> in No. •jl'«. I.iriilrniiiil.dnirrnfir .Srhnii to thr Srnrlnni nf Sliilr, Ollairii. ^•r, (inrri iniiriil lloiin', I iili,iiil, Jillv 'M\ l^'H?) I II. W I. till' honour 1(1 iidotiii \ou tii.il Caitt.iili .Melxali. ol the seallli;;'-! iKHillcr ■'Triiiiiipl." jusj iirrivrd from lielmn;;''. Sea, l.iis iToiiulit news ol the ^ei/.uie oi tlic Ihilish sehooner " Hlm k Diamond " hy tin I'lnud Slate-' erui/i i " Kiisfi " lor sealinif ii that Mw. I inelote iMiilinu taken liotii the " Colonist '" new -p.ipir. fjivinjj; ainict oiin? "f Captain .Mrf.i all's «tat(Miient. I liavr, \e. (Sifiu-d) III till Nhl.SON. Iiiclosure \ III N(!. 'J IS. Kxlriirl Irom Iht '* t'nioniitl." TRK SKAMNfi-MIMMiNKII " Hl..\« K I)U\|ilM. " sn/l I. ni Mil: UkVKM f>OinH. " llfHii," \Mi ti|s|>\ri il« II Ml SiihA.- Sunil.iy evcninu < on>ideMldr e\eiii-mi iit »i" onused in iln cii\. loore e^p'-eiallv in I'.iiiiiiieiei.d eircle>-, when it lieeaine known iln the Miiliim-M-luMiner •• I liiimph " had .iiiived in hailMnn, iMiiciti;.' .>ith her the uve " TilM.n|di." • I ( ai'liii-i Mrl.ean at oiice'( oiieliidul that the ve«-il «»• u L'iil««-«l Stales' eulUr. i ilh. r llir " Menr ' oi the " Hll-h." I'll'- exnef Iw-nlily "i i. fc'.rcr//<*nrv Ik' 307 >cli(i()iitr at the time ('a|it;iin McJ/'im «ii'l not know. Imt, as nearly us he could jud^ie, lie «;!•- l''t' iiiilt'.'> to tlic weslwMid ol St. tieoiT^c's lsi;iii(l>, in Ik'lirinn's Sea. Tin- ^teamer toilowfd in liis wake lijr two lioiirs, and at dusk came aioiipiide and ordered iiim to lieavc to. Heat ihtvcd til (Ht'.V r, and a hont's erew, witli tlie Ciiiet OfJieer of the " Rush " Ml. Tiiltle), boarded her. The eapt.iiii stond at tlie lianu'way, and asked the otiicer liis ri'a.uii-^ I'or hoardinir fiie sehooner. 'liir aii>uir was the |trodiiilion o(' wriueii orders aiilli'irizinf; " the eajjliire ot any \e«stl-, iile^raliy .sealing in Helirinjj's Sea." lie then asked to he allowed 'o seareh the shi|i, and on perniission li;-inn accorded liin\ he s|K-'nt over half-an-lioiir with his men in overiiaulinR the vessel. No tind rewarded lii> -fiircli, however, thewlajle ol" the skins alioaid liavimc heeti dexterously hidden in time te. .ivdiil detection. When tlu' senrcii wa^ ci.neluded lii. uHieer turned to Captain .McLean, ai'.i, atltr cNpre.ssing his pleasure at not iieiiiL: under necessity tn •-ei/e his vessel, iid'ormed ' iiu i!i;it a lew hours Ijclore, the" Kesh "' had come up with and hoarded the schooner " I ack Di.inuind.' lie had lo'ind ahoard her 101 .'•ealskins, and on (hscoveriu^ these had pi,i the sccmid iilheer in chari;e, and dispatched the eaptnicd sealer to Sitka, lie also >tale/l that it was the inUntion ol hi> Coinmnnder to capture every vessel diejj.diy -.ealini; in IU-hrinL;'8 .'•la.aiid ■^eiiil them In Aiiierieaii ports in iIluui uf American uliici;>. lie tiicn (udered hi-^ crciv lo return to the " Kush, ' and, a- -.non i.s tiuy \seic .ilioard till- >ttanier, hpceil away lo the west. At the time of hoaidin;;, tin- "Trimiiph" had ahoard her aiioat .'ilK) skins. The " lilaek Diamond " is owned hy .Mcs-rs. (•uttnian ami I'Vaidx, oi this eitv. \es|aun(lers. and Mr. W . Mun-ie toriiud themselve- into a deputation, and decided to li'iui' loi KMjuim.Llt immedi.iU'ly, and interview the eapliiin ol lla- " Champion " on the -iiljrct. Commandt r Sinclair received the iiepnliition \ery courtenush, and, on leaniiiii; till- tihjeet of their visit, oidereJ his .si-cretary to take iKiwn all liie statements made. The iWts ot'the nsewire theii|iut helore him, and the visitors protested ai;amsl the uienaee lo tlu' scilinu' industry hy the iii'ts of the I'niled .'st^'cs' Kevfiiue cutter. It wu.h ri'jirriiinted thai ^ait of lilt\ -live --ealinij-sriiooni rs thai eenteied llehiinz's Sea this ■laxiii twenty. luiif helom.' lo N'ietoria, and tii.it il the aiis ol" the .American (iovcrniuent were not speetlily |)ut a stop lo, liie si'idini; iiiduslr\ ol" Victoria would he ruined. All the niemiiers cif the de|iulalion iii|.;ne(l the staltntent, and Commander Sintlair lokl them th..t, although he could do noihin;^ himsell", hi' would lay cver\thin{{ !icf(ire till- .\ilmiial as s,ion as he joini-d tin- Meet, lie lurllu-r advised tlh ni lo collect all otliir availahle inloiniatioti on the siilij. ct and ilis|ialeh it to .Vdmiral tletieugc by the it(aiii->hip '' .^ai(tooy\, ' winch sails on Thursda\ ne\l lor Port >impsoii. On arrival in tlie city the deputation wax joined hy .Mr. Hiehard ]lall and Captain llr.uit. Sciiatiu' .Macilouald, of Toiiintii. was thui intervn-wcd at the Driurd. aiid at oiiee ilinw hiinseli" into the snhjcet. ^oim: with the depul.itinn to .Mr. K. Crow Baker, M.i',, and iIk Ihiiouiiihh .Mr. Knhson, I'rovineial .Scert-iary. A ideu'ram containiiif? the whole ol' the !.u-is wu' dispat hell lo ilir liououial'h- t lit* .Miiiis'i-r of .Marine and i'lsla lies at Ottawa hy .Siiiiiinr .Ma<- e\p. cted tint an answer will he iveeived in tinie fm- it lo '"(lisp.iichid to the .\ilmiial hy the " .Sinhinvx." The llon<<..rahl(- .Mr. Holison also dispali-lied a scpunite telc;.;nim to the .MiniHlcr ot M.irinc on the •ame fuhjecl liulosuri- ."i in No. IM"*. T' iHjiaiii tritin I'irinno, H.C, In Mr. Hotrrll, Miiii->i-di r» t«> ''->k« her lo Sitka X'i-ssiT- iiut»l-t| on Iniurtl. am! hrougiit her straight '" ^ ic-tiiiia. VfKsci's papers, cliur.iiici-, coastinj; licence, and ccrtilictttc ol regislrary, also ■»lttd skins, taken (rom het li\ nlheer ot Heveime-iuflei . No. 'J\'J. .Idiiiiniltij to h'nrrujn OfHff. — (lifcrivrd Is'plemhfi li.) Nr, ,/MtHii(l<'i| hy my l.4irds Coniinii«!*ionerx nl *' .' Adinirally lo traniinit "III with, for the information of ihr H«t«mnrv of Stuif, conv ol a letter fi •in tin" c,»ptnin nf 306 llrr Mitjcsty'- ^lii|i '( 'lmiii|>it)ii. " liaU'ci tlii: .'JOlli July |a»t, witii co|>y (if ito iudonure. rcimu.l) H. IJ. AWDUV. Iiiiilosim' 1 ill No. "J I '.I. Ctifiltiin SI. ('lull In lirtir-Ailiitiiiil llcnt-iiijr. ^iir. ■• Chiimpi '>," iit Ktijuiiinilt, Julii !M>, l^Ml. I II.W'K till iKiiKiiii 111 ri'|Miii iHi M'lii i.'iU)riii:itiiiii. lliitt liuriiiz tiic lun'mjoii nt tlic 'JiMli iii^Iaill .t (tr|iltl.itiii|i II ■•t\|i(i', III M-.iliii;„'-s('hi,iiili l> Ciillir oil btilllll tllig blllji a! Kfti|iiiiiiiili til it'jiurl Iiiiii nil iMii:li«li M-luii)iitT li.tii iK't'ii cu|ilurvcl iii tin; IlL-liiiii);'* iX'u br I Uniti'rilifir ^tlll>'lll(■lll ii> .iitiiciit'd. I iiildiiilLMl Ihcill (hai i wiiiilil Htiliiiiii l!i< ir ^hiHiilc .1 lu vdu iiii my .;rnvul at I'ort Si?ii|i-iiii. I have, iVr. oiaiiil) .\, r. ."^r. (I AIH. Iiiclti-iirc 'J III No. •_'!!'. Sliiliiiintt iiiiiih /•(/ OirnrfM nj .>Vi'r/iO'iiir/.v al I'ieturin, It.C, TIIK ljiiili»li ^.luHiiuT "'riiiiiii|)li," ('.i|il;iiri .M(-|.('aii, aiiixdl at Vittiiiii \.u: ctiiiiii;; Jillli •filly I liiiiii itcbiiiiu''< Si at>, anil ifiiui'tcil that ^iic \\U'< iiuaiiliil in flii>'r III tlir Htli iiistuiil at S I-. w. by llir Aiiicricaii Nti'aiiar " ilusli," Licutciiiiiil-CuihiiKiiiJcr Sill jilicnl, .it li^iiu'iiiuli' ITli" U1--I, ami 7" mill • iiH'ilur «i.i>rc. 'I'lii* ('iiiiiiiiiiiiili I' I'l' (III- " ItuHJi " MMrcui'il till' vi-Kiii.1 ami liiiiiiii nn m-uN on ImurJ Hi' iinl«T<'iic wa* liiiiiid tlicrc iigAio Bill' would III liiki-ii I'll- nil in ( lllllllla^kIl I.ii'iiti>>i;iiit >lii|iii(t-ii. III till' " Itiisli." nikii liu .Mi f amim lii:it lu- hvi that liay m i/iil ilir klllJlt^ll mIiiiiiiii r " Hliiik Diuinon'!," imcl liw itittructinnii were to »vi« ■M vi'(*»cl» lounil ill ilir-i- 'ii'ii'. A |iriiu.> oivtv liiiii lici'U |uit III) iMianI the *■ ltlai-k l> . . ;i'>.' and tlic vc(m-I iciii t< Olllllll.lliku. (Sigiiwl) .KHIN (IHAMA.*.; ■•■.'• c :'choaner " .Sn/i/iAirr.' VMI IM. \IIM>!I., n- :vf -J Schooner* " liirt." " I'liihtinilrr," iiiul " M rti Tuiilnr." li. .SAt^'l»!:ii^, Oirnrr .7 V ^aner " Ourrl." " Chitmiiinn," iit Ktiuimttll, July '-".», iHhll. No, L'jo. Thr Marifui* <>t fialuhurti lo Mr. Ediiiinltn. Hir, ''Vr!iy» (tjfin, Uritirmlirr tt, !!♦<".' I IIA^K In rxiiiiikK lu you my ii|i|ir(i\itl in .fi< •^trmi I'tUin*. ax rt'|)orlL-il iii V' di-ii|iiiii'li III tli«- 'j«i(li Aiuiikt Itful, v\ii)i ii'ici'fii'.i' :'' ilti: r |iri-u'iiUiiiiii» \»u »• iimtiiirliil III inaki In tlii' linttil Malr-*' .**fcri'ln!y at ..-<(( lit A'Kuril tu itic m>itunr» Briliitti vi'dihU ill till- Mutcr* nl Ikiiriiigii ^cu. I iiiii. \>\ (hiCii.'d; SAl,isitri:\ No. 2'2l. h'orriijH Offirr In ('oloiinil Offirr. >ir, hii-fiyii ()Jfi''r, Sfjitnnbri- '.), iSh'.i. \\ ri'll rclciciice tn yuiir Iclti-r ol' tlii- .Jnl iic<(iin(, I ani ilircdiil liy tin' Miir(|ui-> of >>.i!i^ipiirv In nrnK>t tlial you will iiiovr llic Si-cnt.iry of Sl.ilr lui llir ( uloiiii- to iiium' u tliu'riiiii to lie «c'iil to till- ((OV'Ji'iior-' it-llrrul ol' ( uliaiia, rcijiir>tiiis; lii» 1 Xi'vllciicy to |ijriii«li llcr Ma|oty''. (hiKiii-.!) r. II. S.VNDKItSON. vus»t'l trill !• No. 222. Cnloniiil Offirr In l-'ovnin (tffirr, — (Wrrrirrj/ Sr/»/riiiAr) |0.) *i. Doiiitiiiii iylrrrt. !^n'J. ^'t I I'll ri-lcrviKi- to |iii-viiiii'> t'iirri>|Miiuli'ii(°i- i'o|H'i'tiiit( tlic "I'l/.tm' oi (uiiaJiaii »;ilir- ill lifliriiiK'n Sea, I atii ilirucii- 1 liy I>miI Iviiiii^tur'i to liuiiKiiiil i : t'> tile M.iDjiiiK (if S,i|i„iiiiry, a (:o|i\ 'H a (Ic-iiiati:!) troiii tti' ( 'ovcriiur- li.iicial ol tilt' Duiiiiiiioii, kvitii itt iiiL'lu^iuri-K, on tliu '!i " ill ll'liiiin.'"- >'.ii, I li.i\c tin- jiniiii. i to t'l.rv.iril lirifMitli u co|() ol .ill a|>|irovultiiiitii n «'o,iit']« ul' lilt iii.tlriii-tioiih ■^ivfii to till' iiiriul otiici'i' placi-tl on tMiirloria. lok'fllifr Willi till- .illiiliiv il . otllir II. i«lii- of the •»\o vrnxt". I t.,.. I liuM', .vr. (SgHcUi .STAM.KV (»l IM!i;s*roN. Iiu-liwurr '.' Ill No, 'i'i'Jl. i^'i-tri uj II I'omiiiilire oj Ihr fltmnuniblr Ihr /',iiy Cuuiinl, upftrijvrU liy hi* tltrrllturj/ thr ( iotrrnufUmrral in ConHrii, on Ihr '_''Jm«i .Ihj/h*!. \^*ib. '\ .1 UuiMiii ilutcii t!,i' |:((li Viimi'i, l'-*''.!, iroi i tin- .MmiMrr ol \hiriiiv and i '" i.< I., ■tultiiiilliiii;, ill rcii iciich; lo tl.i- M'iKiin- in llu- IUIiriii!;'(i iNti <•( tin- -clitMim-r l> > k |)i.itiioiiil " anil till' iMMriiint; ol tlic Kfl nt-i " rriuiii|>ii, ' tlr- ormmal iiistnii'tioini ' Il tlir tiK-riol ollii^-r iilarol liX Ilir rn|iiain ol liu< L'liiti-il Slnl<«' it'-vriiiic «;uUi-r <>i.li"on IhiAril llii'"IU.i'k I)i4 111 iiil ' ..: M^ linu' ot tli.- l.tllvr'* »ci/iiir, ami .iKo a Mt.f ii.itii the lloiiotiralili' W , llainUy, I'olltvlor o( (tfitiiin nl \ itlnri.i, ilntuli ' iiiiiii.i4, tiigfliitr ttiiii ilif lollouinu ■Mt(i.tvil> ; — I Aliiilavit 111 Ottrii Tlimuin, of Xiitnriu. lit li»i) Colutnliia, iiiHtIn m' tlu- llrili»li ■ ii. M'lioonfr " IHttck l)i iMily'« (MHrrtiliiciil. I li« ('oinniilUt ittiivurriiiK .tilvJM' dial ximi l.xnilriii-v Im.- iiiuvnl lo lonxarl Uiii ;jlo Mimitf, toircther witli C(ii)i«'s ol tin ii.iTttullv >uliiiiittp(!. (.siunc.i) JOHN .1. M((;i;k, Clrrk, I'rini Council hiclosurc H in No. J'J'J. CapUtin Sliijiiiiii Id Mr. llunkanion. llnital Sliilff.' I\rvniiir:ilnimrr " Kii.ih," Hi-hrini/'.i 6ru, Lai. :.<^ -J--' .v.. /.OH./. 170 2V !»'., " Sir, Juhi II, 1HS9. ^'fU';irr lit-reliy a]i|'iiiiiti'il u >iini;il otliccr, aiui diri'ctiil to |tio(Tc(l t)M Imiini tht •choDiici " \\\\v\i l)ininonntv-tivc in luiitiluT, all tolil, cxcoiiliiii: tlu' iiavi^atinn (il the vi>8il, which i« ri nriviil to ( 'aptaii' Owiii 'ri;i)iiias, and wiru'ls you will iiot iutcrfcn- with utdcss \ou hpcoiiir 1 iinviiut'il that hf is luoi'ci-iliii'; to soino otluT than vour port nl dfstinatmn, in whiili rvi'iil you uri' iiiithoriz> d to asuunic lull chariL'i' of the vcf the " Hush." I have, \e. (Signid) \.. C. SilKI'ARD liich'-ure •! in No, 2'2'2. Mr. lliinihii In ll\r Cut Id 111.1, Qiielirr, Sir, Cr-itiiiii'liiiiinr, I'icinnii, Auijii.'i i>. l"s">0. I I'OKW Mil) lerewiih, in uiijiiuii, liie unlcrs lu'iveii by Captain ."^heparil, ..f the I niliMl .s-late^' Uev emu -eiiller " ltii«h," lo .1. llaitkallson, Special ntfit ei, to prea, and tn lake her ' Sitku. The muster o| ihi- Rchoi.ni r ri'puru lo inc tliat tin- Iii>huii> > niplovi il as htuitci» ii. thr HchiHiner wmdd, he iK-lii ves, iutve murdered ilankaiihoti if an attempt had heen tiiadt to take her 'o .^ilka. The ma«ter L'ot nut of the s(m smd stiilc! iil onec for \ iclnrM. without .my opposition on the |iari of ilankaiison, and I think it i> m ry prohahlc lii.it tin orders i;iseii him privati ly ly the <'.i|ituin of the " Itush ' were not lo inlcih-re in an* way with the destmnlion ol liic vessel. Ih- urrivrd here on >;itur(i.iy cvtniiii.', tin •ird Au;:ust ; the ohjici ol the Krviiiuc-cutler wiih no douht altaiiud in titkinu' her >kiii*. rifle, and lntrv wa-. .dso taken away. Hhall I uive her a fn*»th certilieute f I have, Ac. (N^ncfl) W. IIAMLKY lnel(t»ure .*> in No. 'J'.'.'. Ill ihr .Mallrr ol the Sei/un oi the Neiiliiu'-schiJoner " Mla k Dinmniid" hy the I'ojlcd Slates' Hf\cnueM'utter " Kichun. Ku-h," i n the 1 1th liay of July, |M8'J. UrjiiimlxtiH nl (turn V'A'xhks i, OWK.S i IK J.MAS, of the city of \'iet4triu, liritiuli ( olumhiu, miutler niurincr, do toU'iiinly anil Hinertfly dnlure thnt— I. I am il iDMlrr muriner, and was .it the tiim of the ixcurrrnrvR hereitiuller mcie •Ill li.c Scca-tarv ol r;. siii:i'.\Ki) tinnrd and «till am the master of tlic scliomur " Blac !» Diainoiid," of tho port of Victoria. Rrii:-li Columi)!;!. J. On the lltli day ol July, A.i>. 18^9, whilst I wa-; <>n lioani ami in toinmand of •'i,' -iiid ■icliouner, and slic ln'im^ llun on a waiinL' (•xiu-ditioii, and IxMn;: in latiiudc 'tC '22' ii)rtli ami lonf;itiirii; 17" -•"> vvol, and at a distanci* of ai>')\it .'l.') miles from land, the I liiiid Slates' Hcvcmi<-ciitfer " Uiehard Kush '' overliauii-d the said seliooner, and, having haiitii luT l>y shontinu'. a (lunmami whicli I could not distinctly hear, steamed across the 'oHs III the Miid schooner, comi)c'liii;; her to conje to. A boat w i-; then lowered iVom thr Mill eiitter, and Lieiilcnant Tnttlcand live otiier men iVom the l.'nited ytatcN* ve->i'l (;ame 1) ird lire >ai(l sehooiu r. I a>ked the l.i'iitc- ant whai her wanird, and on his >tatin^ !,!• wished to see the .-.hill's iia|KTs, | lodk hitu down to iiw caliin an.' showed them to him. He tlien cotnmanded me to hand t!te |>ajH rs over ;.i ium. 'I'lii; I refused to I'.o, and iockeii them u|i in my locker. At this time thei-e were l.'tl sealnkins aboard the Hcliooncr, 70 of which had been viiitiii, ami .'i.'i of which were nn^^alt'd. and J.ii'titcti'.nl Tntlh; ordered his men to brinff up ihr -kill.-, and to take »hc isalted ones cm hoard the "' Richard Hush.' The cutter's men ;iiT.!iilin'.;ly translerre on arii\al. l.ieuieiKinl Tuttle, helore havinj; my sehoomr, ordered twenty Indian spears whicli »cri ;dioa d fur sealiicc purposes to he taken on to the " Uiehard Kush.' I asked tlie Ijf 111 nani ti) i:i\e me .t i'-i<-i|t lor the pa|iiT«. sKm-, \e.. he li.ul taken. Thi- he relu-ed '■' ilo. and be then leturncd to thi.- " Kiciiard Kush,'' takmt; the said -pt-nr* witii him, and luviiic the man llawkiii«on m ehar;;e of the schuomr. Shortly allcnv.iril- the cutter •tinimd attav, without nturnini; the ship's papers, sealskiti", and other •»'ikhIs IhjIoic- ■i.nitionrd, .\lier ihe departuie n| the I'nititl States' ve-^i I, I direeti d mv eouroe to Ounahiska, .'Mjiit)^' til meet With an ijiclish man-of-war. We armed then on tli<' l.>tli dav ol .luly. My eii-tt at tin* lime eonsis'ed ol a mate, .Mex-ind-rtiaiilt, twnwhite sramen.deek hnnds, ^il a white cook, and twenty Indians. Ihe Indians, thinkim: ni were ;:ointr to .'^itkii, U^-:lllle mutiimus, .iinl told me the h<-st tliini; 1 enuld do to ummI Iroidde was tu tuke the •cl.iH'iier huine. They also warned the other wiiite men on hoaid that if they tliou::ht I nit.nit to take the -chooiier to Sitka, they would Ihrow u» all ovtrhoaid. There heiui; no niiiiii|.«ar at ( )imai.'';i.i., .1 .\iiliini l*uhlif tor thr I'rnvinrf nt Hrilinh i'olumUiii, 312 Inclosnro 6 in No. 222. J)p}wnilioii of Dnnlrl Mcljcan. \, DAMKL MCLKAN, of lln- city of Victoria, in the province of Britisli Coluinbia, Dominion (li'Canadii, hcini; dnlv sworn, (lc|)osc as follows ; — 'I'liat I am iimslir and |iart-owiicr of the liritisli schooner "Triiimpli," rci^istercd nt tlu- port of Victoria, Hritish ' 'olnm'iia : that, in ci)nformit\ to laws of tlic Drjininioii of Canada,! rciinlarlv clc:ircd tlir said schooner " 'iViuinph " tor a voyaije to the North I'acirtc f )c(an and UciiiiiiLt's Sea, .ind that, in pnrsiianci' of my k't;itimali* business, did enter the s;iid Hehiintj's ."^ea on the Itli (Imv oI July, Issil, mid did in a peaceful niiinnpr proceed on inv vova'ic. and luiu'.' in ialiinde .'i()° 0,")' north, longitude 171 2-'V west on the lllli day of .Inly, i^^'.L At ;lii Iiiur ui '^'.'Wi a.m. was hailcii hy Commander of rnitc*! States' ilevenue-cufter " llicharil Hush," the said Kevenue-eutter heim? a vessel l)e|i)iii;in:' to the (lovernmeiit of the Inited .^tates and resulariy commissioned hy flie same; a Imat havim; iu'cii lowered In otlicci- and crew, I was hoarded hy the same, the otlirer in charge of the hoaf heini: one l.ieiitenant Tultle, wl:o demanded the odiciid papers ,)f mv vessel, anil, alt' !• nadiii'.: the sai'ic, proiufdcd (.(denm aliidavit. ciin«cienf ionsly ludievin^ the same to he trite, anil hv virtut' ot the Oaths Oidinance. P^'H". (Sii:ned) DAMKI, M.LKAN, MiisiiT III' Sriinnitrr '• Triumph." Swnrn hefore me this Sth August, 1>*hi), nt Vietorin. Hritish Columhia. (.*^ii:n'(n Hid. Moiitsuv. .1.1'., A Juxtic of till' l'r(tir /or thr I'rnrinrr nf' lirilish Vnlumhitl. No. 223. Cnloniiil Oj/in- In h'nrriijn Ojfirr — {Itfrrirrd Seplrmh-i- 12.) Sir. Pnunimj SIrrrI, Srplniilifr 10, 1S<»!). IN reply to yom letter ol the JMli instmit, I am dirieted by \jnt\ Knutsford In ncquaint yn, 'or the mKuinntion of the .Marcpiis of Salisbury, that the (ioveriior-tiencm! of Canada lui-tudav heeii leijuested til M>nd iinmcdiati- infiirmntion if any further slo|)|iasf iif vi'Mels takes place in Itehtiiiu's Sea. I am, &c. (Si^rned) JOHN nRAMRTON. .N'o. T2i. rnloninl Oftin- '" f^nrmin Offirr. —(fire fined Sepfemher 14.) .Sir, Ihiuninij Sim I, Srplnnlirr 1.1, 1SH9. I \\i niieeled li\ ilie M-cietary of State for the Colonies to transmit to ymi, lnr eimimunieaimn lo llie Viiiipii> of Salisliur\. with Vt-ferenee to previouN eoin>spoii(liiu'<-, •» eopv of I leleniiiiii from the ( io\cmor-(ieneral of Canada, coiitainini; intormutioii m res|HTt ol the recent -ei/.ure» ill Uihring's ."sea. and stating thul aliidiivitii were IwioK fnrwnrcli'd. 1 am, kVe. (SiKiied) KOIJKKT C. W, HKKJJKKT. isli Coliiinbii, 313 Inclosarc in Ho. 224. Lord Stanley of Preston to Lord Knutsford. (ielifrraphic.) (Received September 29, 1889.) SKIZUKKS of British vessels in Rehring's Sta. " ISIacit Diamond" seized 11th July; "Minnie," 15th July; " Juanita," Slst July; " PathliiKkr," 27th Aus^ust ; "Triumph" warned oil", heiiii; threatened with si-izure, Utli .Inly. Official information recently received at Ottawa respecting " Minnie," "Ju.inita," " I'athlinder." Affidavits beins^ forwarded. Seizure of "'Lily" reported; :i;iiiiavii when received at Ottawa will be forwarded. Seizing otficers removed skins, aniinunition, arms, and ship's ])apers. 1 lie 1ru<', mill No. 225. Colonial Office to Foreign Office. — {Received September 14.) (Kxlrict.) Downing Str'et, Septeiiber 13, 1889 WITH reference to your letter of the 2nd instant, and to previous correspondence respcctiiii; the seizures of Canadian scalers in Ik-lirin^'s .Sea, 1 am directed by I^rd Knuts- fonl t') transmit to you, for communication to the Manpiis of Salisbury, a copv of a tclc},'rain which has been sent to the Governor-General of the Uominion on the subject. Inclosure id No. 225. Lord Knutsford to Lord Stanley of Preston. iTclosmphic.) Dotimimj Street, September 6, 1889. IlKR Majesty's Government communicatin? with United States' (Jovernment with a v; «• to prcvcntine; further seizures in Behring's Sea. Nil .authentic and detailed information received as to seizures during the present fishinc; 'cnsoii. Appeal in case of 1886 seizures might be expedited by motion on meeting of Supreme Court October, but case could not be heard till spring. No. 22G. Mr. Kihrarden to the ^farquis of Snlinbury. — [Received by telegraph, September 20.) (Kxtnirt.) IViixhington, September 17, 1889. ON the l!th instant I had the honour to receive your Lonlship's telegram iformiiig me that it wjiuld be hotter that 1 should write privately to Mr. Blaine, saying iiit llcr Majesty's (iovernment were earnestly expeetin.; im answer to their re<|ue-it that ilu' Tiiiled States' Government woiiUI send to Alaska such in-itriictions as woulil put • ''t'lp to the seizures ot British ves-tels, the reports uf which seizures -vere causing much xcil tiu'iit both in Kiigland nnd (.'anada. I now have the honour to inclose herewith a copy of the private letter which, in ircordrtiK'i' with the terms of your Lirdsbip's above telegrams, 1 addressed to Mr. Blaine •1 '111- 121 h instant. Inclosure in No. 22G. • Mr. Edu'ardes to .Mr, liluinc. (lVri.oiinl.) My iKur .Mr. Blaine, IVashington, September 12, 1889. I SIIOLiLU bo very much oblij^cd if yuu would kindly let me know when I may 'K|><.'(t an answer to the rc(|uest ot' I lei .Muj)>t\'s (ioveruiiitiil, wliieli 1 bad (he honour of '.vniMiunicaling to you in mv not*' uf the I'Uh .Auuusi, that instructions may be sent to Alt!>ka to prc«ciil the possibility of the seizure ot llritixli ships in Behring's Sea. Her Mujciity's (ioveinment are earnestly awaiting the reply of the Liiited Status' (ioverniucut [U8J 2 8 814 on this subject, as the recent reports of seizures havinf; taltcn place are causing mucli excitement both in Engiund and in Canada. I iiavc, &c. (Signed) H. G. KDWAKDES. No. 227. Mr. Edwardes to the yfarijuis of Saliahurif. — (Rireired i^eplnnher 30.) My Lord, WnsUiiKjIon, Septtiiibi-r 10, 18«!». WITH reference to my dfspatcli of tht- I "tii iusiant, I iiave the honour to inclose liorewith to your Lordship a copy of a note wliicli I linvc received from tlic Secretary of St.ite in reply to my personal note fif the I'JtIi instant, in which I imjiiiicd »( him when I miijlit cxjiect ai ai-swer to the leqiiest of Her Majesty's (iovcriimeat that instrnetions may he sent to .Ma.ska to prevent the possibility of the seizure of iJritisli ships in Bchriiig's Sea. Mr. Uiaine states that he had su|)i)osed that his not of the '21th Auj;ust, copy of whici» was inclosed in my despatch of the '2lh\i .\iiL;u*t, woidd sittisfy Her Majesty's (lovernment thiit tlii' I'ri >-i(leiit \v:is caMicstly desirous ef coniini; to a frienilly ai.'reemeiit on all matters at i^sue hetwieii tin twcj (Jovermnents in relation to tiie Bchrimr's Sea, and that he had furtlur sii|i|n)sed that my mention to hi'n that Sir .Iiili.in Pauneefote would heoflieially instructed to proceed, on hi^ return to \V:i.-.hin:;lon, tr a full discussion of the (piestion removed all necessity of a preliminay correspond', nee touching its merits. Mr liiaine then "loes on to say that, with reference; more palicularly to the ipiestioii to which I had informed him Her Majesty's (lovernment were cx|)eetim? a reply, a catcfiorical response would \m\p hee.i and stdl is impraelicahle, imjust to the l'i;itcil Stati's' (lovernmeiit, and mishadinu' to ili'i' Majests's fJovermneiit, and that it was iherifoie the judgment of the President that the whole (pi''-.tio!i eoidd more wisely \n; remanded to the (ormal discussion so near M hiind, \\ liicli Her Majesty's (lovernment have prop(jscd.aii(l to which the I'nitcd Stales' ('overnment have conli;illy assent'jd. The Secretary of Stati' concludes by slatimr 'hat he eon>ideis it proper to add that any instruction sent ti; llci rinu's Sea ai the lime of my original reipiest, nauudy, the 24th August, would have failed f reach those waters before the proposed departure of the vessels of the United States. 1 have. Sec. (Signed) H. G, KDWARDES. Inclosurc in No. 'JLT Mr. lilainr to A/r. Eduardfs, Sir, lliir lldiliniir, Muiuf, Hfplcnilhr 14, I8S9. I ilAV'}/ the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your personal note oi the l^tli instant, written at WaslduLtou, in whi. Ii yon desire to know when you nuiy exiuct an answer to the recpiest of Her Maje-iy's (iovermncnl " that instructions may be sent to Alaska to prevent the po>sihiliiy ol the sei/,ur<' ol l'.riti>h "-liijis in Hehriiii,''s Sea." 1 had >uppo>cd thai niv note ol tlu- '.ilfli .Vujust would sati-.(y lltr Maje-ty's (Jnvcrnment ol the President's earnest desire to come to a Iriendly agreement touchiiii,' all matters at issue between ihe two Goveriunenis in relation to lleliring's Sta, and I had further supposed that yoiu' n enlion of the ollieia! inslnu'tion to Su- .1. P.umcetoti' to proceed, immeilialily alter his arrival in Octolier, to a lidl discussion of the (pnstion removed all necessity i.f :i |irehii.iiMry coriespuuik.iice t(juchmg its merit-. Keleriiim more p.olieularly to tin- (|U'stion to which you re|)eat the desire of your Govermnenl lor an ausAcr, I have the hoiujur lo inlorm you that a categorical ivspoiisf would have been and sidl is impracticable, imjust to this Government, ami misleading to the GovermiU'Ut of Her .\lajest\. It was therefore Ihejmlgmeni ol the l're»idenl tiuit the whole sulijeel eouhl mori wisely hi' remanded to the lorm.'l discussion so near at liaiul, which ller .Majesty's fiovcrnmeut has priipo-e.i, and to wineii ijie (iovernuu'nt of the Umled Stales has coriiially as-ented. It is proper, however, to add that any instruction sent to Ik'hring's Seo at the time of lausins much S15 vour oiijjinal request, upon the 24tli Aui^usl, woulil have failed to reach those waters belort' the proposed departure of the vessels of the United States. 1 have, &e. (Signed) JAMES G. BLAINE. No. 228. The ^farqui.1 of Salishunj to Mr, Edirardes. Sir. Fnn-iyn Office, October 2, IB89. IN my despatch of tlie 17tli August 1 furiiished you with co|)ies* of a eorre- ^|ll)ll(l^■nc•e wliicii had passed hetween this Depfirtnient and the Colonial Office, on the siiliji'ct (if the seizure of the t'anadian vessels " Mlack Diamond" and "Triumph" in the lieluing's Sea hy tiic United States' Revenue-cutter " Rush." I have now received, and transmit herewith, a copy of a despatch from the Govcrnor- tiiiund ol Canada to the Secretary of Stat.(; for tiie C'oloiiies.t which incloses co|)ics of tlie iii>iructic)ns ijiven to the special ollicer placed on hoard the "Black Diamond" by the Uiiiiir conmianding the " Rush " and of a letter from the Collector of Customs at Victoria, tiucllser with the swoiii atiidavits (jf tiie masters of the two Canadian vessels. It is ajiparent from these affidavits that the vessels were seized at a distnnce from Itiiid lar in excess of the limit of nuiritimc Jurisdistion which any nation can claim by intcinaiional law. 'He cases are similar in tiiis res|)ect to those of the ships "Caroline," "Onward," and •• I'hiiintoii," which Were seized l)y a vessel of the United States outside territorial waters ill the sunmier of Ins". In a despatch to Sir L. \Ve>t dated the lOtii SeptenihiT, 1887, wliieli was communicated to .Mr. Iktyard, I drew the attention of the (lovernment of the L'liilid .■"tates tn tliC illegality ot these i)roeeedin^'s, and expres.-e;ret to find that this understanding lia- i:ot i)een carried forward into the |)resent year; and tliat instructions have been issued to cniizers of the United States to seize British voscis tisbiny; tor seals in Behrin^'s Sea (iui-i l-^b') and ISsJ were the subjecl^ cf diseiission, liie Mimster of the United States made eertuui overtures to Her .Majesty's Goverumeni with respect to the institution of ii rlc..>e time lor the seal fishery, lor iho |)ur|iose ot preventing the extirpation of the >|)ieie.i it) that jiarl ol tlii' world. Without in .my way admitting that eonsideratiiais of ilii.- oriier eouhl justify the seizure ol ves>eis which were transgressing no nde ol iiUei- liiitidiial law, Her Majesls's (iovernmeiil were \er\ ready to agree thai the subject was one liiserving ol the gravest attention on the part of all the Governments interested in those "liters. The Russian (ioveriimenl wns dis|)osctl to join in the proposed negotiations, hut they were suspended lor a time in eoiisetpienee of olij»eliiii..s niis'cd by the Dominion of t,ani:da, [128j Vo». 2Q-i, W3, noil 'iOi. t No. Ti3. 2 8 2 m and of doubts thrown on the physical data on which any restrictive legislation must have hccii l>ased. Her Majesty's (Government are fully sensible of the importance of this question, and of the great value which will attach to an international agreement in respect to it ; and Her Majesty's Representative will he furnished with the requisite instructions in case tiie Secretary of State should be willnig to enter upon the discussion. ^ou will read this dtsputch and my previous despatch ot the same date to thi Secre- tary of State, and if he should desire it you are authorized to give him copies of them. I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. No. 230. The Marquis of Salinbury to Mr. Edwardes, Sir, Foreign Office, October 3, 1889. I HAVE received your despatch of the 17th ultimo, and I have to inform ymi that i approve the terms o( your letter to Mr Blaine, inquiring when a reply might be expected to the request of Her M.ijesty's Government that instructions might be sent to the Alaska authorities to prevent the possibility of further seizures of British sealing, vessels in liehring's Sea. 1 am, &c. (Signed) SALISHURY. No. 231. Colonial Office to Foreign Office. — {Received October 5.) Sir, Downing Street, OrtoOcr 5, I88!l. 1 AM (lireetcd 'iy Lord Knntsford to transmit to you, to \n'. laid before the Manpjis of Salislnirv. a copy of a letter from Mr. T. U. (Jlurke, iiielusing u Report of a meeliiii; at Victoria, Uritisli Columbia, held to protest aiiainst the seizure of Uritish scaling-vessels in Behring's Sea, and adverting to the ease of the " Juanita." Lord Kimtsford would be gla 1 to be ititbrmed what answer Lord Salisbury wishes to be returned to Mr. Clarke. I am, &c. (Signed) JOHN BRAMSTON. Inelosurc 1 in No. 231. Mr, Clarke to Lord Knut.sford. My Lord, Highgate Home, Kilsby, Ihtghy, September 24, 1889. I BEG to c;;ll your attention to the Report of a mcctmg headed "A Viiiorons Protest," in inclosed Vietorinn (British Columbia) paper, referring to the seizure of Ibitish scalinii-vcssels in the high seas. Also to the notice, marked on p, 4, referring to the robbery of G20 sealskins fnun the ".luanitH," of wiiieh ves.sci ni) brother is captain and part-owner. As the vessel was 80 nibs litm land it the time of the seizure, I, on my brotlicr'^ lelialf, beg rtspeelfully to ask whether Her Mnjcstrs Covcrnnicnt is taking steps to prevent these illegal seizures, and also to obtain compensation for those who suffer thereby. Yonr kind attention and advice will oblige. Yours, a:c. (Signed) T. U. CLARKF. sealskins from 817 Inclosure 2 in \o. 231. Eitracts from the " Victoria Daily Colonist" of September I, 1889. A ViooROT's PuoTEST. — A few evenings apo, a meeting was held at the office of Mcssrsj. Hail and Gocpi'l of those interested in the sealinir industry, and a Committee of ti\c was appointed to make arrangements for a |)ublic meeting at which the voice of the people of Victoria could be heard in reference to the recent seizure of British schooners sealiiiL' in Behrinj^'s Sea. The ("ommittee consulted with Mayor Grant, and a mass meeting was duly advertised tn be held at the City Hall last evening for the purpose referred to. By 8 o'clock, at which hour the meeting was called for, every seat in the City Hall was taken, and dozens of deeply-interested citizens were compelled to stand. The meeting was thoroughly representative, there being present all the leading business men of Victoria, vessel owners and |)ractical scaling men, while among the mott prominent men present were to be noticed tlie Honourable .John Robson, E. Crow Baker, NI.P., Lieutenant-Colonel E. G. Prior, M.P., the Honourable Robert Beaven, M.P.P., D. W. Higgins, M.P.P., S, Duck, M.iM'.. Mayor Grant, Robert Ward, President of British Columbia lioard of Trade, Captain .). I). Warren, K. B. Marvin, W. Munsie, J. H. Todd, Morris Moss, ('. Stroiiss, Captain William Grant, Captain Clarke. R. P. Rithet, and very many others. Upon iiintio'i of the Honourable Mr. Beaven, seconded by Mr. K. Crow Baker, M. P., Mayo, (irant was re(|ucste(i to take tlie chair, whicii he did at 8*1 o P.M. His Worship, in opening the meeting, said that the matters for the discussion of which till' meeting was called had always possessed a deep interest for him. In the early part III ,^S7, 111- had b;id the honour to move in the House for the submission to the Dominion (iove.iimcnt of a pro|)Ositi()n for submission to the Imperial Govenimeiit in regard to the protection of British sealing interests in Behring's !Sea. His motion had been carried witliput a dissenting voice. In IS'^H he had made another proposition through the House. iliis proposition provided that the individual interests should not be allowed to suffer by liic neirligcnee of the (jovernmciit in settlins this question. He had always been very iiiixious to see an early settlement of the Behring's 8ea (luestion. Without further pnliur, he would call on Mr. Kdgar C^row Baker, M.P. .Mr. Baker exjiressed pleasure at being CMlled on to strike the first blow. It 'vas a a matter, he said, that eonrcrned not only the individual, I ut the eir.iie province, the liiiniiMon at large, and the whole British Ivnpire. The matter was one deserving of con- -iiienitiiin, not only because it touched the individual pockets and the province our inline, but because it touched our hearts. The \'-"\\ taken by the pei^ple of Biitish ('iilaiiil)ia was that the grand old Hag that they had learnel to love from infancy had not imly been insulted, but had been tratnjiled in the dust. (Applause.) It was proposed to place everything in coimeetion with the Bt-hring's Sea ipiestion belbre the meeting trulv iiml fairly from the very st^irt, and to let the citizens of Vietorir. express their calm and coiiseieiitious o|)iiiion upon then;. Aftiir referring but briefly to the various Treaties that ha'l liccii made bv the United States and Canada, which were not, however, enteieil into at ;iiiy treat length, as they atfeeled more particularly the fisheries on tlie .\tlantie seaboard, Mr. Baker jiointed out how, as far back as IS20, when Ru'-sia owned Alaska, anil claimed jurisdiction not only over the 3-niile limit abc"» its coasts, but also over the sea 100 miles Iroiii land, the l.'nited Staler' Secretary m. :< i. very vigorous protest at St. I'etersbiirgh iiBiiust the contention of the Russian (ioven... cnt. The British Government also strongly liispiited Russia's claim, and the result was that in 1824 a Treaty was made with the L'niled !^tatc>, and in IH'i"") one with Great Britain, which showed how the two great nations, • ircat Britain and the United States, joined issue with Russia when she set up the claim to jurisdiction over Behring's Sea, and contended that it was an inland sea, and not a branch of the Northern Pacific Ocean. On the 2l1tli .June, 18()7, the United States purchased the territory of Alaska ai.d the eastern half of Behring's Sea from iiussia, paying therefor the sum of 7,2()0,O()() dollars. ■M this time, the Russian Government gave them what they claimed to be a clear title to the ea.sterii half of Behring's Sea. Il'tbat title was bad the fault is not ours. (.\p|ilause.) In 187t) the United States' Congress passed a measure prohibiting the killing of seals in close proximity to the Islands of St. (Jeorge and St. Paul. Shortly ahcr this, tlie United States' (ioveriiinenl leased to the .Maska Comniereial Company tlu' exclusive ri'.;lit to Kill seals for t«(iily years, in consideration of ibc sum of 5;>,()00 dollars p r aniiuui, and certan royalties. In the early part of 1H8'.I an .\et was passed, by some claimed to have been smuggled llirough Congress in a rush, |iroclainiiiig not very delinitely that iiitrii>ions in Ik'liring's beu would not be allowed ; and containing a sweeping clause granting the President p iwer tu 818 onespondt'tici; in ivforeneo to tlii' apiital itisli ('()luiul)ia scitli'i's on .^tli .Miircl]. y saying thai it was to (jroat I5rit;iii) to Tliu Doiniiiiun Govcrnineiit could not deal with matters in connection with scaling by proclamation. Power of a very indefinite kind was also ^ivcn in regard to i;i\'ni; iustnirtii)ns to the United Statos" cutter:;. At;i;res- sive measures were first taken in 188(), when -Mr. T. I-ubbe wrote to him (.Mr. Baker) ut Ottawa, informing: him that the British interests were cn(lan^ere(l. .Mr. Ijubbe's letter was laid before the Govcrnor-Cicncral in Council, and the matter was jiromptly |)]aced before the Imperial fiovcrnment hy the Oominion Cabinet, The Minister of .Fustice :it this time gave his opinion in favour of the British Columbian .scalers both to -Mr. Baker and to the Imperial Government, pronouncing the action of the United States illegal, and urging upon the British Government the necessity of taking definite action at once to protect her intci'csts in British Columbia. This was three years and a-iialf ago, audit was most n)ortifying to think that this time should have ela|)sed before any decision was reached. The actual seizures commenced in 188G, wiien three schooners were taken possession of, along with their fittings and cargoes, and sold. The crews were cast on their own resources in Alaska, and the masters and mates were not only iieavily fined, but imprisoned as well. Matters of losses were expected by every one in business ; but every i5ritisli Columbian felt that he was protoeted by the flag of F.nsland, under which many present were born, and tiiought it strange that he was not sheltered by tiic flag whose prott'ctioii he had a right to c.vpect. l;i 18S7 nothiiiir i)ractical was done, and no restitution was made In 1887 the number of seizures was doubled, six sciiooiicrs lieiog taken possession of. Coming to the present, in 1888 no seizures were made, and there was every reason to believe that the seizures would be discontinued. The Dominion (iovcrmnent liad acttd as promptly and as energetically as they |)o~sibly could. They had |)laccd all matters promptly and rightly before the Imperial Govermtient. It was tiiercfore easy to sec where the responsibility rested. It was impossible for the Government of Canada to protect its citizens outsin could be sent to them by the Impeiia! (jovcrninent to j)rotect the British sealers. A i answer was received that the matter would receive innncdiate consideration. Having reviewed the whole hi itory of the scaling (piestioti, .Mi. Baker expressed the belief that all present could see for themselves how outrageous it was for aiiv (ioveriuneiit to arrogate to itself the exclusive tjutrol of a great body of' water such as Behriiig's Sea was — 7()tJ miles long from north to s.mth, and !i(l() miles wide, 'I'lie desire of the sealers of Victoriii was, first of all, to secure ; guarantee that the seizures would be stop|)cd. They had also a rea^.onable right to expc.t com|ieiisation for the losses already sustained, and witiiout further delay. They, furt ler, wished to be secured in their right to prosecute the (iecp-sia "islnug, of which fur-sealn.;; \v\s a branch. He would conclude by moving the following Resolution : — " Wheieas in the year ]8h(), by order oi the (Jovii'iiuicnt of the United States, claiming ex(dusivi; territiuial jurisdiction over the whole of Bi bring's Sea, eastward of a line drawn liom about the niidiilc of Beliring's Strait south-westward till it crosses the IDDrd meridian ot longitude, three linlish vessels, while lawlully engaged in hunting eal.-, were seized in that sea at distances of from d") to ',*) miles from the neanst laud; and " NVI.ereas alter protest by the Biitish (iovernment against such seizures, the (iovera- ment of the United States ordered the unconditional release of the stud vessels; and "Whereas by such a course the United .-^tati's' tJovernment practically adiiiitteil tlic illegality of the seizures, and left it to be inferred that no further seizures would be made; and 319 "Whereas in 1887 it again resorted to the seizure of senling-vessels in Behiing's Sea outside tiie .3-rnile limit, and at distances frntn ]') to 92 miles from the nearest land, six vc.'stls helongin;:; to our citizens were seized by its orders and afterwards declared forfeited to the United States ; and " \\ hereas in the following year, 1888, sealinj];-ve.*sels belonging to our citizens again entered Bchrinjt's Sea, and took seals throughout the season without molestation by the R( viiuic-cutters of the Government of the United States, wiiich had distinctly that year, iiv its instructions to the commanders of its cutters in Behring's Sea, ordered that no seizures of such vessels he made ; and " Wlicieas in tiie present year seizures of i3ritish scaliugvessels Ijelongiug to our citizens have again been made, practically in niid-ocean, in Behring's Sea, by order of the (lovernnient of the United States, ttie vessels robbed of sealskins on board, and arms and iiiiiiminition : '• lie it thcrelorc resolved, that the citizens of Victoria protest against the usurpation of juiisdiclion l)y tiie Government of the United States over the waters of Behring's Sea, (lutside the universally acknowlcdgecl .'i-inile limit, and express their iiidi;.;nati()n at the re|i(-ited outrages to which the persons and pioperty of their fellcw-eitizens, lawfully cxcrei^ing t' eir rights on the high seas iii that jjart of the globe, are subjected by tiie ordei's of the (iovernment of the United States." l.itiitcnant-f'olonel Prior, M.l'., was called u|H)n to second the Itesolution. Fie was verv ylad, he siud, to do so. lie considered the cduduct of the United States in the matter nf seizing vessels on the high seas the most outrageous that could be thought of. There iva.s i;o necessity fur rcvie\ ii g the (juestion the present meeting was called to consider. It had been fully gone into already. The (jueslion was, what right had the American Gnvcrninent to seize our sealei's ? A \'()ice from the audi? ce. — No right. Colonel I'rior, continuing. — That was just the answer I was going to make. The press ol both countries says they had no right. The most im])ortant papers of the United States say that the American Government will have to back down in their contention. The Ktjssiaii Cioverument, by Treaties with both the United States aufi Canada, gave up their chiini to jurisdiction over Behring's Sea in ISj.O. How then can the United States cliiin to have purchased their jurisdiction from Russia? The great majority of .Americans ackiiowLdge that the claim advanced by their Government has nothing to rest on. XN'lio is to blinne then for not sto|)ping these illegal seizures? The Dominion Government are not to blame. They have done all in their power. When the news of the first seizure this year reached nic, I was in Kandoops. 1 at once telegraphed to Ottawa, and exjjressed the hope that the Imperial Government would give Admiral lleneaye orders to retake the (ii|iture(l vessels. The "Caroline" had o'.ders to do this in I'-S?, but for some reason ■vus recalled. If in 1887, why not now r If the Behring's Sea ipiestion is purely one of ,jiiris(iietion, why does not tl e American Government allow its own sealers to fish and hunt unmolested? it is not the reason. The United States' Govermnent is trying to bolster ||]i :i L'iiuit monopoly— the Alaska Conunercial Company, who by tender ac(]uircd a lease 1)1' scaling rights on the Islands ol St. George and St. Paul, the breeding-grounds, for twenty years. The true reason for their action is tliat the American (ioverument is afraid tn lose the ."110,000 dollars paid them annually by the Alaska Commercial Company. Governor Swinetbrd, of Alaska, has condeuuied the Company as the tcreatest and worst iiioiio|ioly in America, but, as he says, it has its agents always at Washington to pull the >lnn^> in its interest. This is the last season of the Company's lease, and there is no knowing what the (iiverrnnent projajse to do next. This year, wlien we first heard of the outrages in liilninu's Sea, be had thought, iuid lie was not the oidy one on the floor oi the House of (oiiiMions who had thought the same, that it would not !).■ [loor policy to send the British tlcet into Behring's Sea to protect the interests of Canailiaris. If France set up a claim of jurisdiction over some particular part of the ocean, and seized a Gerniaii sealer therein, do . )nu think that it woul 1 have taken fhr'C years to settle the iiuestiou •' Possibly, but they would he three very bad yeais for some one 1 (Cheers,) If Beaeonsfield had lived, would I' have taken Mngland three years and a-halfto settle this ipiestion ? Xo ! (Cheers.) Ue Imd pleasure in seconding the Resolution introduced by his colleague. The Resolution was carried unanimously, with ehecr.s. The Honourable Mr. Bcaven was the next speaker. 1 le touched upon the various Iriiiliis dealing witii Behring's .'^ea, and referred to the maimer in which British subjects '^ere taught, that they were pioti-etcd by the flag of I'.nnland while an I wherever they were i-'iiKimd in a lawful eailiiur. i lie action of the United States was contrary to international 'ii'v. It had been so pronouncerl by the Premier of iMigland anil a host of' United States' JJ20 siithnritic«. lie thought matter* xhoiild Ix* Rt uncc r«'foms«l to nrhitrntion, as thrrr co«ri lif nil iliNjiutitii; t'r !i-(rnlity n« wvW n* tht- jii'tTo of' Uii- ('nim'liaii rlnitn. It Wii< 'nic tim Ctniida h.itl -iitlcn-i! in |>aiif nrltitmlion widi llic>^?atM; iml tiill, iir^iirn'ioii \va« Ur prrlVfiMr to any other inrlho'i in tin- M-ttlnnont ol rxictini; 'itci«. I !«• proccHiftJ •, rrvicw the voiiit nf the '•aliiiir ih'i-t ;inil imlii'Hrv to thi* (irovi'irf, and i"(|>liiin Ihr di-net. Rioiiii it niiijhl itrili»h (io»crnni<-nt wlm-li lor ecnturi'M lm.nr*ui( of their la*ful avoratiuii from dl ijal wi/un" ; and to let them know wlirthcr they are to n-C' ivi- eonspfii- kation fu*tamr«l vrlulc pur»uini; their leuitinule eallint( nri the hieh tt**. It wa« hard for him to :i;iilri-(.tnd '.he npathv th.il I .d Ix-en shown liy the i'>i|KTi.ti (Jovrrnnunt in thi» mnltrr. The i.'fH>etiiia; void". .\(r. I). W. Ui^k'iii*. .M.IM'., wa« nest ealhtl u)Kin. lie »aid (hat l a(\er a tie't uni onler>'d to Dilacoa i'ay to piole«'i t'le Hr;tt«h mterciitt. It houIiI iu' Ix-en in keeping with ihit |H)liey if lite |ii*rt at I.M|uinMlt had ioiu( a^o tt«rn •eat ' 111 liriti;;''' H<-n to pn)lrt:t llrili»h inlerr«l«. lleacoii: " I \t»\c kepi |H-arr w>th honour," (an Snli«hur\, if the prearnt |>oliey i* en«itinuci| hi* jrr.i-r ^ lie Miav >as, "I have kepi |ica<.x:,' hut U <■■ ' Mcniier III the jihrrtlr* of the i.'' i liinoi 'Warlike iiutloii ill th« world, t (Mr. Iliit:in«> had paid a vikit lo the 1 Slates and wiincMeti all 1 lie awful tW •»• tioii apjHirpnt juti alter the rivil war. lie hail at that lime hrcartM'il the prayer that Im eountry "'laht ni-\er know the horr«ir« of war. War wa* awful , ttol there «•• one liii < jiut at trrrilih— 4 |k- ■'<■ pn*«rrve- hw« of naiiitn il honmir. ' l,4iiid liirre*.) Mr K. I' Killiet •e>t< Pir luoltrr wit» ul 10 m iiment wiirlt»rr ' II mil had lin-n •>lfin-d ii nnc h>ieeii ilh«uallr mail ("i^'Umt* »f on the hi;ill tea*, awi timl Ixvn !f^ and impiixini d. I,>ke ;r'NMl tiihje' U, tin- ' td <%ail<- 1 huiir lor action to im iakrii wiiii^' : tl.rir dem.iiidin): il a* llinr riuhl- I '<*- miiii not iiaving \trtin mack, howrrrt, it «>• nil' tMirv now to riiipha^i/i- llu- r< i ■ Mr lhou»ht il would liave licen a ^immI liiMit il nnr ol lite lUilialt iMvi«-i>(-«ar Ivtnt; Htit -a KM|r IMinni'i Na with the "Itiilwrl lUwli ' al 1 ItrBmnii^, <■! the M-aaon ; kepi 111 ihr ' K«*: '< '* t''ififM«« uiiid >he atictiipleii :.• intvrtr with MOiir nritl«h arairr, and lltrti iplirllt tall l>rlwrvli and au, " Von oiikI ua4 '" Ihr I nili'd Stair* now 1 U^inid IImI 'neir ilraire wa* !<• pnitnl :!.- .,itr.-.: ':uVie Iroiii I III iiiiinatiiiii. It wu« lie i|«n>o< u4 \ icturia • M-aler* n* writ. ' no atlempl III diwdiry nnv inli-malMOMl PR«u«atMtn« IIhm mmbl Im* mail. Ml the >cal> Me wa* fullv III aecont with llir MwMitMUi>a, wliieh h" «*t- >iw(ml lilke llu Iwo pri-<|r«'i<*Mir*. IIm- Kt^MtttMInn \muamA utuiiiltuou*l'> Mr Itolirti \N aid, i'noiihni •>) 'to Hntbh Cuiuinttu Ikwrd '( Trwlr, iIm I0 titt iiirontialriicy «h>iwii hy thr \ii mmii (iov«ftini«nl, and eafrlultii (• «il qtirviioii iv Mr .1. II. TimUI: — ' ^\ lirrtMK III) <'f any nf ihr vi->mI< oil mI/i'iI hikI lortritt-il, III' il ilirrrlim- n>»ilvi'<< Hint hi- iiri:i- tin- ( invi iiiini-iil» ol I jii.iii.t ami (iri-nt lliiiiiiii In |iri>iii|ill\ <'i''Iii|h'iiim>I<- tin- "ulli-icio liv ilir>.t- «i'i/virt'», i(Tr»|Ht'(lw III I lie iiifrito 111 tlir tlltcni.illuMul IIUCillox^ iiivoivutl." ( '.irririi iiiiiiiitiiioiiNiv. Till' Miiytir iIhmi nkllot u|Mih Ihi- linn. Mr, lUiiMuit lo imtvc tin- ii<-xt lU-*i . lli- >4ii\ niiit •») 111-11 II liiiil Im I'll K4il«|, iiiiil M) urii itiiiii, lti.it hi: lilil liut :i.il junlllii'it ill tH.'('llj>) ill;: lliui'il >il Cu- liiiK III till' iii't'liiiu. ill wn- III iii-rli'ct iii ciirti uilli (lif Ki'«iiiiitiiii.'> \tliirli iiad Ufii tin^x'il, aliii W.i« liii|H'iiii III ;;iMiit iinuU*. i iiui miUii' hii li tlrjiH liii-l lint lii'ili tiilii'll MiMur w-ii iiiiillrr i>l «iir|iti»i' ami n".:ifl. Timi Iimu' IiuiI iIk' Klnri'mii iii>i (la;.{ ol »liii>'li mi: III liii ji.ktiy jiriiuil liiiii triiiiiil sii llu iliiKt on I >!•■»■ ui<>**'^ '*"■' Icu)' loyally ti'ii'.iin'il that ui- •tiii'.ilil i'iii;i|'iy rvrry l«-:[ili'i iili- iiii'iiii* tii |itit * -itiiji In il. I^iii'.' I ii(iii:;li liaii lUntliir .tuiiiilliuii Ircli iilliiwi'l atIi iiii|iumlv to (Mint tin- (ail III' till' ltiili>li lion, aim lintv it iriiiiiint il I'oi llir " kiii.|>lt li«ln i'imii iif \ ii'tiiria " \i i.:nk> II iiK'ilrr iiii'Irr llu- Iclliai^f' niil aiii:iiuri> iiom', i«ii>I ;.rro|irr I'i'tiiH- of <:iilt. ( A|>|ita)tM-.) I )iii' »|ii iilti r t.aii mnil llii' I'luvuicial (niM-rii;! riil luui iinlliini; to ilii mill llii« iiiiiiiir, MJiilr tiiiiillii'r mini il liml. I'i-iiui|i4 111 tin- drii'l olhiiMl ki-iim' il liii*l iml ; but I.I' iiiiirmitl llial ill a «i'ry iiii|iiirtiiiil > limltri liail ni-i-isi-il ili> iiiokI i-.irni-nt alti'iilioii. t A|i|>lawi>i'.! I' liail |aiiiliii iiii Unit lliaii ki'tiriii ( htii'm in ( iiitiii •.|r<-i.-„- liiiii:tiai.*i' u* miii cjiLtiitlrtit miiIi Sinli* ^jTMIiii'IiIv. ^.\|i|ililllM:.j| III- Miovi-il |||i> |o||ii-.; \tv ritrM.irdci! to liu< l:ii|i rml uiiil Cm iilmii (mtrrii I'TIiIh, uihI to all |tii.irl I rnili- in (uiiiiiia ' Mr. A. H. lii.iy *ri ii|iili*il llu- Ki'»oliilio(i, ttlinli In- riitikiilcriii a dr riij rliiiiux 111 tilt: r«rlii|i;;'ii Miiriii, tt tVowM nliow In till' »uil■ liilliull ( Viiuilllli.l KjmI ii««>iM nl alter inaliiif l'iili>'.i|rialtiMi nl thv i|iii'i>tloii iltall t^itli. i'lii- Ki'kiilulHHi »i«4 carni-il, tiKniii uiiaiiiiiMiiidy i miil alter 11 «oti> of tltr^kn to tlic \|av r, lioth lor riiiliti,: tin: iiu'ftiii.; anil for lli^ m-iv ii'i-nrr " .limi.itn,' C ; : I 11 ( tiarJri K. * litkr, wliicli lin« Imiii r\|i>'i Ii i| for »i-vnal i!n>«, uriivnl •til'riy ir»irrilny iifliriiooit, niiil lii-il u|i iil Jaiiion'-" wliuri. ('.iiitain • liihr rr|«. rl» li..»iiu ^iiiU"*! . .'Ml iriiiii Mi-liMiit;'* ^^a lor liomr, lint li:i\iii;: lirrti rnni|H- licit in Mail lour ittiy» lor i» >y lli<- I'liiii'il Hlnlr*' nilirr " Kimh " 011 il.i- .'li»i .hily -' r •I'ltliii.' Ill ltii .1 Sia* vtM" U.,it.atr> «■■• tv, wl'ii ili'iiiaiiil«-i| ('a|ilalli I laiKr'« |i |i r- , .il|i| .11 01 i.-nii pi-M'xioll iiip I'liltti* mli-li III "!<■ ni'lioiiiii r. (i'il* oUiiia, ll'«* wxti* ninl innii'iii iiii n rairii'l liy llu* '><lr(|ril vi^nrnunty iivmiut tlu< >o/'irf, wliirli, In- inloniiril tin UiKi.ol Iln- riilli-r, Hii» laitr.k'i'oii*, iLr Miionr.. r Im-Hh.' *<• liiili'* «n»! in llu ii|n;|i ■i»ii, liii-t ii|i|irtl llinl llir-y Hrff iintr« III !<<■ i-iMli|i*-lli'il to iln |(, lull Urri- liitri il In olx'V llicir 'Miti)« .Vlirr iit-iriirtin^ tlir i'.i|il4tii) In miil lur ^llk.l, liul williiiul uiiy .\m>i-iii'.iii " |iri4i> i-'f," Hu< " UiiaU " »lrMllli-il nuuv In ri.jitim- iillnttii-r »i'li nin r iil;{liti i|, aliit (U|i|»|i> 'il » iii'*|>iil<'ii Irtiiit liic (iiirrrii'ir'driu-nil of (';tiiiii|u, li.idMi llir ?i^Oi Auyiitl ln»t, in «liirli lii« l'\n-|lrhry tiniuniili lOjiir* nf fic iiKlrui'dDiit rivpii to tl>, «|>€"ri,jl .ithirr |i|Bri\ llu- tiHlcfr coiiiinaiiiiin^- iKj I'niUil > tn -iiti- in f |i!y, (<>t tin- inlnnn iiinti «i| |.4iri| Knus. fiiril, thni III- lm» «ililrr».ii| In I n-r Miiir«!y'- ( luru*' d' MI'.Mrv* ■ *■*' '■:---- itrtimti-lir* "I «liii-ll rnpic. iirr inrlu-nl.* I'lrpv li^ivi- liccii «sil>iiillt ihc cniu'urrpiio* nl, tin* l.nw ' )(Iu'«t» of tin* ( 'n»»*i;. i am, 3ki'. (SiRm-.n 1. U. SANI)KHM»N Wii»|iini:li>i» il»c t«.. N.I. -J.W. Mr. tUltrtirilft (n Ihr Mtirifuit 0/ Nw/ijfcurjf.— (W»rrirM hy Ulfjinfik, (irfah*t \'\.) My }^m\, I IIAI) tlir li..iu)iir '■! rrrrivr It >I«A (<«•/(•«•, tklnittr 18, KVj, the lllh iiiklniit vilur l.l in>tiiiit on (lir itnl>)rr-l of \\\v M-i/.iirr* of DntMlt vc»<~ u m IWIiriii;;'» Hra. Willi iIm* vicM III itinyiiiff oiil ywr l,i»lti|i'* uulru' umik (o rc4ii (he iibotr ilr«|i«i-lir« to llir Srcirliiry of Male, Iravim* willi liim, tltoiilii «• ili-«iir il, e«i|ur» llncfroi, I 1 illc'l >r»l( tiy ii|i*|MMiilmrnl, rt-ail IIm Iwu i|i-*|Mlrlii-» (11 liim. Kii'l li'fl Mtlh l.ini •o|Mi'« of llir oaaic, WLt-n I r.-tiMi- i<« ilw |wiiia'.:v in vour i,>>nuhi|>'» ilr«|»al< li whu-li lefiiirii lu "Ki riHiimiinMniiiMi iiiiKlr l>r Mr M.iyitri«'i-riintiMtl, tiitorticMlK' . of m MMiiiiitu'r llii»t ln> filrthrr »r»«urr« of lli>- rlMr«>'l>'l indicdlcil »ltoiilil l.iki' jilwrir (*tl«Jw»;- iIh- iliM-ii»(ii->ii III tl-.i i|Mi'*i«i>n< iiintilriil ori«r>-< 11 llir tMn ( ioti'mniriiit, Mi Hlw» iiti>|i[icr h»: Imvii ,;nrn. I rr|i|it'il i iM^lirvml il ui \m»v Iwrit ^furii 111 * Idler from Mr. lU^Mii Iw Sir \.. NSnl, Miiil iImI '*<« Ullrr mihiUI ik- ImiimI iii llir |i>rinl«il i.'«irrr»|HMtiikM>c« nlnlivf III Ihr »rnl iithrrir* in Iti'tirmif'* Hm% wtiH*ti «•«» laiU lH-l>»rf I 'uiMrfim Ihit Min^.r \N Inn I liml 1 nnrliiilr ^1 llic rvaiJiii^ oi IIm- >l««|tiiU'l>irii, Mr. IIIhiiim.' ankiil me ti»r cv|>f(» .. 1 ...I. I 1 1... I . 1.;.. ^...1 l.._,..^, I .... 1........ l._ .....I ll...! t .. —.....!.. .-^i o( llirin, tkliicli I liinili'il nil II rrjily i4lrf on linn. Diiil liriuri- Kik 111^ Iravt Iht mimI llml Uo wiiu|ii< t«M I Imivc, Jut i.*>i«liril) li. DNVAHDKK. So. '£M. 'i'.lr ,Wmii)«44 i>/ .HmA »Jli«f |r 111 Mr, Hilwmtdtt. — (Smlt4(iM*tt irU'yt«)t^,U.< Sli, ynrn^m Ufitr, tMnt>tr U, (••••V U nil rrfrrriMX- ('• loiir ipiltfMn of llw litll llltlaiil. I ll«tn Iti olt««iv<' llut (W< •••iiiiiiiiT III Willi il I III m« ai'«|»itli'li ol llir Ulnl iiulaiill wk» cutirriiiii ' iiiiMlhtially liy Mr. I'h , ni» ;i»»i H|iril, 1 *♦•*«• ; Ttii' mtiVi-it^itliiMi Him rpnufK' talirr nf llir Miii.r ilaiv in llw I'liitMtid Olbcr. 'Ilnrtr »• ^Imi an nlluMMi in a •" •••«••' ill H i)i»|»>tf !i iniin Sir l_ \\t^ ol ilir lilli A|ifil. 1 am, lir. (I%m4) ttAl.lHlUKV * *Im I»* mU If f «.< 'i.x.it ifma Ik* rf l l . 4iwi •» >a* Ua<1«< ll»l*« ft V»^*MMy If, IMf, f II. Ml. IkM"' " I Mm Km Ml M»4 IW MS Fortiyn OJftrr fo (.'ulonini OJfirr. ftrrnin "/HVc, I Irfitlirr l.'i, 1 hhM > \.M ilirirrlfil li>- ihcr .Man|uU of Salitlxity (•> ai kixtwii ur Irllcr ,)( tlir .''til ii.->lAiit, (iiruartliiii; ruitv nl' n Iftirr ninl iiirli>%unr« Inim Mr. T. A. • 'li»rkf rrkliti In tlu- »i'i/urt- of Itnliuli t^-nlirt^^-M-oicU iit ik'hriiiK'* Sr.i, niili i>|M'<-inl iiit'iiliuii of ibc rA»< (if tli<* '' .Itiniiita," (tiiil okkittp wlijt ri'|ih tlimilil, in l^inl Sali>li(ir)''> ii|iiiiion, l><- iHuriirinl«iii|i In tuu;^*! llmt IIn? .lOtvirr khoitlil Ik? Iu (hi- rlfi'i I tiat •jt i|ur*li«iii i« A( tirrifttt iiinItT liiwiitoinn iM-twrrn till- iwii (iiivi-niiiM'iiii, uii'l (Itctt >u- J. I'rfUUCrfiil*-, »l|i> \t IMIH oil 111* way out, will III "lirr rllUT U|Ki|i Umt •llltjofl till |ii* Mt)V4l at W;k»liili((tuii. I am, &('. (SiioxM) 1. li. .s.VNDKKMjN. No. X'Hi fW«Hi>ni Khiiufiirii I'l Imiiotint !■■ ><>u, In Ik Uiil Ivfort' tin- ^!clr>|||l• of Stili»tiiir_v , « < ri|t}' (4 « )lr*|>nl< )i fiuiii iIh- (iuvniMir.ltriM-rnl oi ('4MmI«, iiirli'«in({ un a|ipr«irr<( Hr»4,\utu>n* |t.i»»«"il at n nii'rlinic of ll"- cilinrii* of \ M-inrin, lUtltth ( ii|iii!ilitit. Mil ilir .'4l|>i rliiin' tlic •'fi/un- 4if lUili'li »("nliou-vr>.M'U m III t.riiiK '■ Krii. b>nl Kiitittforii |iiti|M»M'Hi III ri*|ity (•• iIm (iiivrri>or>(irii<'r«l, «i(li llir ctmiurmic*- uT l.ifil Salitlikiry, lit irrniH >iiiiilar In lltuao- kulf tiutrrmti Si rrvi I •Miiml, •u)i«iiillilii( a rii|iy of llir Itrwilu' \iiiiiiia, llrKitli ( iiluintiiii, kii (lir i|»l Au • <<*««'|fi Ml Id-linn^'* Si.» 'WIrtr.), Stftlrmtitr IU, IHMI . un H|i|'rti«ril MinuU' nl Uic I'liv^ !• |Miftwil 4I A mrclitiK iif lltr rilixrn* liif • , r«*fH)t-|in|{ Ittr vKiirrt of HnUnli HcalniK- t li«vr, ki\ fKiitnnt) W. J. Hill lilK. I liclo*iiio ',' II No. I/JI'I, H'f»>il •/ « Commtllrr of Ik0 Ihnotmlkli Ik* i'rtrf (V»M»ri/, ttyfrvtttl i«r k*t KMtrlUmr) lk» (iurf^rnf.Ufoeml im (»itM>if, tu fA# HfA St^rmtftr. IH-IJII, ON a |(<|Hirl, •laliil llii- lllli Nri'lrnibrr, iHXll, fniin tin Mmitlrr ul Mariiu- uml iMl.itHi, •nliinilliiiK a 1 iJ|>y of Ihr |{r«oliilii>n* |iii««ri| nl a inr«tiii|ir ot the «iH«riiii of ^ KliKM, IWilUli Ciiiuinbia, nti llir nini An||ti*l, liamiir rrfrinu-* In tlinr llvlirmK* t^ra •"t'lirr*. ilw < iitnn:ii(l(i , un \\w ri>nimnirtiii of ilir Miiiulrr "f Manni ami Kuhrrn'*, «>ltiM' llial )iHir KktvlU-iuy Uc tnii«i*il lo forwanl a (»)iy llir«««if lo llti' \{i^\\\ Mono ir.iti|r *''• l*rinri|i«l Hrrtrtarjr of Hialo for Ok' ('olunir>, (or lulinuttiini In lirr Mn|nl)'* lio»«ni> \\\ «»I»mIi i» rr«jwlfully *uliitiil|n|, (i«CiiiaJ) JOHN J. MHIKK, VIrrk, l*rity (oaani. ll**! •i T I Inrloourr 3 in No. 'i-'lfi. Httnlut%ant itduptui nl it M^rlimt nf Ihr ('iiiirni of Virlnriit, Unti'h i'nlumhin, held ' .im/uMt 31. 1^H!». fSrt- liu-liiMirc '2 III No. •2M.\ \i iST. Vohnial ()_fiirr la t'orngn OjHr'-. — Uifrtirnl Oclabrr I'i.) Sfr, /)oirniNi/ Sfr#'f^ Ortnbrr '2A. iHs'i I AM I'irrrlnl liy Lonl Kiiul*riirt1 In Iruiititiit to \i> lived I'l lliiU'il Stair*' llrvri culler " llukli ' III tlic Ik-litins'* ^ea. nl iIm' Uriiitli »r«<-lii nniiirti in tlie margin.* I li:iVf, he. (Siannli K. II. MKADK Miiri|iii« III S.ili.litirv, ni|iir« nf fmir inii|iairiio«. »uli :ii (■iniipiinx iii'.; |>iiihtii, rr> lived I'lom llir ( iiivi iii(tr-((i nrr.il nl ( .iiimlit, relnliii:; In ihr ni/iirr. |i\ llir I. liili'ii Stair*' llrvri.iir. InrliiMirr I in Nn. •,':»7. lirputv (inrrrmnr Sir IT. IlilrKtr to l.t>rir«l. nuawxi. SrpltmUr 20, 1»^M» I II.N\ K llir lioiiotir 111 iiii-lo«r lirrrwilli. fnr vniir l.iiril»lil|i'« infiiriiwtlioii, ;i iii|iyii( an ii|nii.iM-| .Miiiiiii' i,f (III- |'fir\ (' I ■• by llie L'liiird Sinir*' Krvcnur-nillcr " Hu«li I liavr. Ac. (Sistinh W. J. KnciiiK Inrl'Miurr 'i in No. 737. lUfOTl of u Cotitmillrr of Ik* llantiurahle Ike Prim Council, tip/tmtnl />jr kit tLtrtlUnrx Ikt (tmrerni^r'drnrral in ('nmnril, »» Ikr \ilk SrpUmhrr, \^H'.t. nS a Ili-joiri, ilitrii llii* I2lli S<*|ilpnib«T, IHH't, irom iIh- Minitli-r nl .Marnu Binrt Kdirrtr*. tulMLillintr tin- allidavit nf llir imiirr >iiiil niatlir uf the Itiitinit >< hu'iKf "Mintm," wliM-li vr*it> I, with lur i ir;ii nfl'.*! «. nUkiiik, »a< M-ixnl in llie li< lirnik'* ^ on lln- l.'illl .'illy la»l liV Ihr Tnilrtl Slalr*' HrMiiiiriulIrr " lti|«li ." llu' roiniiiUlif r>t'niiiiiii'iii| lltal \ntir K»i'> lli'iii'x Ih.' iiinvi'il In ir.in*iiiil it I iijiv nl Illi* MiiiiiU', lititTlltrr • till (-i>|ix n( llir .iniirtril iiffl-Uvil, III llir Kittlil I |nniiMr.4lilr llir l'rtni*i|Ml Srt-rrlary 14 Slair inr Ihr i'>>liinii>. In' •iiliii.>>«ioii in llci \l.i|r>iv'> (invi rniiiciil. All wliicii I* imiMill'ull^ naiiLnilii'il lor \iiiir K««TllriH-«'* a|i|inival. (SijrnHi JitllN J M< (JKI'. ( 'irrk, /'my I'omntil ltirl<«iirr .'i in So. 9!^7. .ijKilnnI nf I'lrlor J^rn^ntn. I, VKTMU JACnilSOS, ownrr .mil matlir nf Ihr llriii*ii tchoonrr " Minnn-. " •> VidotLi. Hriiiih * 'i>liinih««, inakr i>nlh anti nay : I I Iruirti II s vttMt fiiiiu \ ii'lntiM *n iIh' larlv |Hirl nl \lii« f'li a MaliOK votaic I" llrliiiHit'* Sra. M» m« minuii I nl ii»r wlim- nun liilv. I •a) hnvr-ln iiiMirr tfmU*\ nxaiiiMiti unil )ili, wlivn I jivrivivr t n «r«*i •.imhi uvfiliniilril by «h«: tiiriiiMl oiil to In- tlicUnili'il Stale*' cullrr " Uii»li.'' Sk my |i.i|>('r< iitf to the ctiltcr, itiid t('tiirnt* 'ill ilic »kins tliry iiiuiij liml. TIk-v I \n* or, uliicli »cri' to M-ir^' 4 vt-ry (rti'Xiiiri liiund M-ttlin-^ hi llir Urhrin'^'n Sci, niiii itcnii (Ik-mi to Sitku. I rfturncd to (lie •r{i(Hiiii-r, Mlirii till' {.n-iilt-nani aokrd in<' lor my u'un^ anrr cli. i>iulli-ira'|MMr«, ami next niorninu roinmcncfd liunliii;: U!i lliiiu:;li t' ii.;; Iind lia|i|t«-n('d. W r iaU that ila) mid niin-ly cm llic iicxl, kc|il on riinu' onlit till- I7(li Air.'iKt, ^lirn, liaviiib' livr liuiiilrid ovaU on lioard, I U-ll lor tln- w>utli. After |iu<*iii;! lliroil^li \oniiiink i'a»>, i lold liic |i ine cww I "lioiild »(rer lor VK-tiirm. Ill- rrjijird, " I iilwaVo tli-Mmhl •o." Till Indiin* lold mi- tl llii I'l.ili-d Male*' sailor alleni|itei| to lake the \n>M I lo Sitki4 • ri'|itemlM-r, \.lt. |H'''.» 'Siunrd) Hii»niT NV Mtl», I ./wtfirr nf lilt I'r^rr for thr I'rorinrr nl' Hitlith Culumlnit. trrlUnr^ Ikt Im lo«llle I III No. V^7. lirpulf (iuiertttr Mir 11'. Uilckit to Ijartt Kntihluiil. ^U \jlUi\, (HlllUU, Srftltml.rl Jl, iHS'.t, i IIAN'K llie lioiMttir lo iriiMtntI lirn-willi a ropy of an ii|i|ir«)Vi d Mitmle nfllte I'rivy I'HiiHil, >iil)nii liiiu the alltla^il ol tin- inatler and male o' llie lliiluli <.i liiHim-r ' JiMintM," •litelt vp«»el Wa» M-i/ed on llie. '11*1 .lnl\ I ml \a llie I 'niled S|iile>' KeNeliiir* "J'lir " I(m |u|H'r», and a M-aled enti'ii>|M- .idiln-« will olxeive Ihul the train llie v »ii*i UihI. I lintr, >Vr, (S.«iM-.i. w. J. KH( im; Inrhicun- .'» in No 3 17. Htf»tl ml a I'ammilirt »f Ikr //onaurM^/c iMr /'rtry Cnmnril, iipitroirti /ly Sn titrrlUnry Ih* (iarrmmt'tirnrrnl iw (imiinV, «"• l>\r I •»* Srftlrmhn, |Hs|(, • •N a Kr|mH dnlrtl the I'Jili S*-|ilemlN-i, . ., Mlx-tirt, tiilinil'lim: the allidavil of the nnttlrr ami male iil llie ltiili*|i u liiMMier JiMiiiu," M'hiili ve*«d, Willi her earco ■'( I'l'.' * M>il'kii>>, wa< •< i«ed in llie |leiirini{'« St-* I.. ■«. I' ..., I kl> ._ • If ., ..... - • . . IT, IMNti, Iniii* thr Mii»i*ler iM Mamie aitil • ' "— •• III the IhilKli •iltiMMM-r i«ed in llie |kiirin>{'« St-* Kitkli," ii>|{ethir with Ihr iiMiaU, M'linli ve*«rl, Willi Iter earco I'l ii. * M>il'kii>>, »a< •< ued in Die |ieiirini{'« ><■« l Jiil» la«l It) the I'l.iliil Kliilr>' l(ev<-mir|{ethi r w illi Ihr '*f\n^\ retei|il nl the lalilain of ihr " ltll*h " lor lti< •hi|>'i |et«. id i-uh I ente|o|i» «»r«««'d lo the I'llllml Hiale* l)iy ui tlie nnncxMl |iu|>erA, to the Kiglit Ilonourahir thr St;errtary of State for the ("oKinii's, for submiitKion Ui llt-r Miijfhty's (Joverntnent. All whieh is reA|>cetrullv siibmtted for vour Kxcellenev'x a|)pr:irtii'iilars hr (thr ollitxr mfiirnii'd tin- maxter ol' the ".Innnitn " thai he ithou'd havr to scizt- iiis ve»twl and calrli . alli'i' ^^hll'll III- mttructril Inn hout's ert-w to iian^liii) thr HcalnkinH (lil^ii in nuiniier) tn th< " Uirhaul Itimh," whieli work wan immediately |inHe«'did with. 'I'lir •.ihooiiir'* mnjtirr ri'moii»lraliil with tin- -.tcamer < uHir-.T at the irrc^uUrity "I thi« proeei-iliin.', |iiiinlinu' out ihi- faet that the \eiH«d wat ihi-n hotiii-tliinK liki- Ml mil<-> IfoMi till' nearevt land, .ind on the hlut- wntrr of the (iivat Ocean, to wliii-h thr ollictt rejilii'd tlint h<- wu« »m)|ily earrym^: out the orders and iiiHlnietionH of hi* HU|HTi(int, llr till n denumdnl the itehooner'* |>a|i«ni and the ■|>earii of the Indian hunter*, which \ k Kivrn U|i The |>a|i<'ni eonoivted of the kcluMinerV certifieale ol r)-|;i»t'ntion and her elwiramv Alter all the skiii4 hail iM-m !nin«hi|i|M'Mil to hr n lerlilieati- of the jn'izure. ami the other «< .uldr(»M-d to thr Distriet .Mtormy of Altska at .^^ilkn. With iIum- ennie v«fl«i liikirm tiunn to the manter to |inieeed Mith hit veMel to Sitka, alter whieh the xteanKf went on her way. Ihirmu' the lime of ihev o|Mnition'i the Itrilith enHi)f(n wait llyin^ al the H-huoncr'« |n'ak, iinr »itii it huulcd donn until alter the uleamer had ri'kumed her e'lurne. (Sigtu-d) ('HAS, K. ("I.,\KKK J<)SK"ll '^M OKL). Sworn l>e(uro ;;.c thin -nil \ II lima, Hriiioli ( olumhia, I '. K. Chtrhr, iiio»lMiN, (/niImI atiiltt' JUttnui Mnnnt. 32/ it fur*84^'alm; Inclosurc H in No. 237. Citplain Sh'pard, U.H.N., to iht Uniled Statu' DiMrirl Attornrt/. Unitfd Stolen' llrrtnur'slrnmrr " Hush," Rrhrimj's >>«, ;iir. f.at. r>.y 29' .v.. Lomj. Ki*;" 15' if, Aufju»i C, l^RO. I ll.'WK the honour to iiil'itrin you that I have this day in the lk-hrins;'H Stia, latitude 35' :;•» north, lonfjitnde ItKJ* I.V wist, mizid tlic British scliooncr "Lily," of Victoria, Urili-h (Nilumhiii, John Kt-illy. um>tfr, tor violation of law, soction 19.10 Ilfvi*ciiil iii.ite, (ieor;;e McDonald, until I can a|t|K-ur in the I'ruteii States' Diniricf Court at siikn aumn*! them. V'-rv n;»i)ectl'ullv, (Siyne.!) I.. (■;. SIIEr.AKU. lnciosur<' '.I in No. '2'^7. Iteputii (invrrnnr Sir IT. Ilitrhir to I^rd Knutuford. \\\ Lird, Otimrii, Srptrmhrr 'J'>, I "80. i IIAVK the Itunour to trantnut hen-wilh n copy n^ an approved Minute of the Privy lo'.iiuil of Canada, to which is ap|M-nt!itemenl of the nia-ter of ::«• Hiilisli schooner " I'athlinder," (jivini; p.irticulars of the seizure of hit vensel hy the 1 hitcd Stuleo' Hcveinii'i'utter " ItieluirtI Hush," in Ihlirin^'ii .S-a, on the '.^Tth Aui;ust iMt. I lie Canadian 'iovernnienl, us your Lordship will ohserve, < all altenlion tr-(irnriiil ih Criunril, «ri Ihr \ \lh Srplrnihrr, lH.H<(, <'N n Uejuirt, dalwl the 7th HeptcinlHrr. IHXII, from the Minister of Marine and KulK-ries, sithutittinu', in ronneeliuu hol-i(inis, and arnntunitioii on houid; the .Mlnl^ler suhnntk liw the iuklnictiim* ^iven the special ollitei placed on hnurd the " I'atlilindrr " hy the ti«nmnndr<" of the " Richard Hush," ami if will he miticeil, however, ihoc were 'ii«re,,Mrde which have prereiled it. The CtinunitU't! rei oinuaMid th.it your Kxcellency he m-vid to transmit a copy uf ihit Wmulc, t''vcliier with tin- pniH-rs herewith, (41 the l{i(;ht Monourahle ihu I'rincipal "•cniiir) of Stale lor the Colonies, in order to linnif to the . oiiec of llcr .Moje»ty'« '•ovrmmi'/it the |wrlieular« of the MMXan- in ipiesiion, with a ml-w to »i>lt hiVul kulijeets of Mer .Miyeitty. All M'hiuli in re«|)«cifully »ubuntt«il for vour iiVtelleney'* approval. (Htgned) J()\\S .J. .MctJF.i:, Cltrli, /'my Councti, 3'JK Indosurc 1 1 in No. 'S-i7. Slalrmenl of Cnpliiin O'l^ary. f'irtnria, Ihitish ('ohimhin, AwjukI 'AO, 1S«9. (WrrAlN OliKAUV >t:it«» thai In- Miilcd as master on Ixmnl tlic Kritisli s< liornir " I'atliliiidfr." o«iiimI by C'liriu- ami Mtiiisii-, iil' N'icloria. Wi- clearfd at Custoin-lKuist on tliv iTlli April tor a !«aiiiiii; > \|i<-ditii)ii to the North I'acdic Ocniii and on Iblmii!;'!) Si-n. W'v I ad lair sinii>>, mmcI ^hiiipcd ihf i-arly »cHM>n's catch to Viclnia. W'e nitcrrd n< hriiii{'» Sen on thi l>t .ImI\. . skin^, the McalliiT In niu' i^tlicr iiiiravoiiralilc fm scainiL' up to that time. On the iniirnin:; of ilic -!H!i wi- si.-litcd the rniicd Staler' cutter " itichatd Itu.sh " in iilHiiit .'i7 --f' north latiiiide, i7i: 1 1' \\v*t loi.^itiide. (.'utnniaii^cap<■ »a* in)po^^ihlt•. l'in»t Lictileimnt Tnltlc eaine on hoaiti with a lioiit'- errw. and a-ked 'lie it I waK i^talin); ; I told iiim I «a». lie asked Ml' how nianv •'kin> I liaout H/il. Il,- iIki, ictiirni'd to till Kevriiiir-i'iitier, and in a -liori time riluriii:: anii told nic he wax i^oitii; to ■ I'onij; to M-i/.e me toe; he said lor sciijiii;; iq Itehnnu's Sea. ills men then >enrched my vessel, and took all the ship'/, po|NT», '«.')) seaUkllis, I'.' tid.s .okI ^lii.t-;;uns, also all shcll», e..rl ridges, \c., which VM'rf Inmsrcrrcd to the nitlcr "liu^h." lie put one ot hi* crew on hoard my \cvscl, and toM me to procei-d to Sitka with the " I'alhtin'Ici . ' The " l{n«h " tlieii sic'anieil away, iiiiil i l(i:ided the ■" I'athtinder ' soiiili. Alter wi weie well ont ol' the Hehrmu's S<'a, xome ol my creu inloimid tiie .Vlniricim idiitcr tli.il we wen- I'otnid lor \ letorin. He said nolliiii,' to me, nor ilid he iJltr any i.lijeciion. .\s the nmnili it sealiii;; moetli, I eonsidi r we e'/tiiil easi|\ have taken .'t.iKMt seal- in all to tiie end ol the sea'iii;: season. (.Suned) \V. (ri.KAKV Swiirii 1)1 lore II e till- :\liUt\u\ I, . Instil r lit llif I'rarr. Inelosiiri I'-' III No. '_' 7. Ciililiiin Shrpnril, U.S.S., In Mr. Huulir. Cnilril Sliltr.i' Itnrnur.rutlir " liii^li," Urhiinif* Srii, St, Lai. r.7 \>\ S., l.onij. 171 :..'/ M'., ./»/•/ 'J!t, IHs'.). YOU an- hendty appointed ii spu-ial ollieer, and are directed to |irocecd on lumrd the ^chooll( r " I'allilindi r," of \icii.ii;i, Hrii-h ( oliimhii!, thi* day ^ei/ed lor viol.itiiin of section I'.l.'ti Kevixeil Siiitiiles ol tie I'nited Slates, and ,i>-snme eh iri'e of the s; id veswl, litr 'direr- .md creW, IwcnM whitenitii, all t
    *cI, «hieh isrtscrvcd to la|itain < t'l.(at;> . aiid w Jdi h yon will not inlci !et-c with iitde»s uiu beeDinr runvincid lie is proeeedinu to some other tliun yuur |Htrt vt' dcslinution, in uliirh event yon are aniliiiri/ed t i asMiiiie Inll cllat^e of tlie \c»sel. lAerMhinu' hciii!.' in reiidiiics->, \ou will direct C.iptain ()'!.( an to make the lie-t ot his way to .Sitka Al.xkit, and upon iinitid at thiit |oit \oti will n port in person to the i iiiled Slati s' l)iiitf "l.ilx," which Mssilwa* sei/td in lUhriiiu's .^^ea hy the rniled Staten' Kevenne eiiilr " lliihanl Hush" on the lilh iiliiiho, al mit III.* Hides Iroiii the nrare-l hind, toi(ellirr « III K n pv ot i)ie I eiiilii ate ol sei/uie «i.:ocd h) the r.iptinn ol ihe " Kiehaid Itimli," niiiJ * Mulol cuuiiituiiiciiliut) uddroicul In tlie LiiitcU ISlutis' Uislriet Attorney at Sitkti. I tiavf, die. (Si^nLd) W. J. urn lilK. 329 Indosurr 14 in No. 2:i7. Ilfporl "/ II Cnmmiller at llir Hoii'iiirnlile Ihr I'rii'i) Ciiuiinl, npprorril h\i his KiCrUrnnj thr (Invrrnnr-fti'iii-riif in ''niincil. nn Ihr ]^tli Si'iitiinlii-r, I'^'^O. ( ).\ a Mfinoraiiduni, (lilted tin- Isili Scptrmhcr. l>^-!t, Irom llif Miiii-itcr of Marine ami l''i">liiric!!, sului.itiini: ilif ntliihisit i ' ilii master iil'ilic Hritisli >ciiliiiL'-«i-lii)oiicr '' Lily," •iliirli \i>>i'l \v;i-i nil the 'llli liny cit' Atluii't la>f in tlif !>(lii-in^ -. Sea ( lalitiidc .'<')" '2W Mdflli, joimitiuii- I'iti |f>' ^^l■^t), (listiiiit aiioiil (ill iiiiii's (riV!« till' iiciirest huHJ, willi lici- '.:ari:;i) ot ;!:'i,'l •■I aNkiiis, M'i/cd liy tltc riiitcti Sralc-' licv.-iiiif-cuttcr " Ijicliaul Ku-ili," also the rcrfilicati i)r»riztnp xi^nrd liy I., (i. Siifpnni, caplaiii fijtiic •• lli r dl" till- " Lily " lor delivery mi hi-, arrival at Siika, wliitlirr lir wa* oriltrtd to |(itK"t((l. ttliicli iinicr, howt-vcr. lie di-'ii-jardi-d. ami saili-d tn N'ictnria. TIk; <'i)mii)illcc advisr tliiit yutir I'ixccllclicy l)f |»li-;isf(l t.i liir\sard cDitlcs of tin- incloMirt - to the HiL-lil 1 loiiotiraMf lliv IViiicipal Srcretary of Stato fc.r tin- Colonics, for <',ilitiii-*i .(oiiN .1. \I((;ki:, Cl'ik, Piini Ciiunril. iiiciosiin- l-i in No. -■'ST. IfrrltiriitiiDi III .liihn Unlhi. In the iimlftT of the -ciziirc ol tlif >caliiiL' fciiooiicr "Lily" liv the United Statci^' ltill am, tin- nianlir of the schooner " l.ily," of liie port n| N'i.loriii, Hrilisii I'liliiiiiliin. On the Olli dav of \iitc\ist, a.ip. I'^'^W. wKil"' I w.is on lioard and in roniinand of the vii'i -cliooiicr, and >\v then hiini; on a <''aliiic I'vpeihlior,, and lii-iii,' in latitiiiie .'i"'" 'J9' iiorlii atiil lonmiiidc JfiG" 1 .'»' west, and at a tlihtaner .if ahonl 'ill miles from ii iire>it laml, llir rnilol States' Kevclilli-emter " |{ii'iaiil Ki|.*ll '" overhanlcii the »aid -ehonner. i \v!H fii>l lioarded liy the I'irst Ijirntenant, who was armed, and \.ho a>k«r(l me how ninny skinx I liitd on Imard. I replied tliat In xliiiiiid tiii papiTs ! would ^how them to iiim, .iiul would render hilii atii^taiiee lihonlii he want to mmioIi ihr .'ehooiur lur eoniraliitnd ),'t/Oi|s ; hut [ would nnt ackiiouli'dirc his riu'ht In '•ri/e nie lor »i-alinL' mi tiif high seii-i. Tlii- l'"ir«t Lieutenant thin returned to thr cutler, and in a short lime n'tiirned, jrnmipanied hy aiintlur hoai i>l the cutter, which wiw in ehanrc of the Second I-ieliteliant. They 'loth mine on hoard, and tin l'ii>t Lieutenant dcinandid ol mc tin- -iniciider uf thr -cl (iiiiu-r, iwiil a>kiiii; ;il tin- wiiiie lime fur the •.ehooiur's paper-. This I at lirst ilfcliniil til do, and tin \'>v~\ Lieutenant i-aM iinli «- I !.:iive tie- »ehooner'-< pajicrst to him »t ipiiee, he would luke them hy lorei". I then ^ave him the seliooiicr'H paper*, comiiitini; ol ri«iilrv, coHsiiiiK lieeiict'. and eharant'e. The Fire tiuc. (Signed) JOHN UKILF.Y. Declared at tlie city of X'ictoria, British Culunibia, this 1 1th day of September, IHsit, before me. (Sil,'ned) J. W. Suinnovr, Juxliir of thr /'rare. I hereby make oath tiiat the aiiove rleclaration is true ns far as I know of. (Si-ncd; GKORGK McDONALI), Declared at the city of Victoria, Mritish Cohniibia. this 11th day of Scptctnl)er, IS)«n, before me. (Siijned) .1. W. f>\it' \\\> >lii|i'< pa|iers. viz., certiticate of rci^istrv, coasting licenw, and clenranee. (Sijjncd) L. G. .SIIKI'AKD, Captain, I'niird iilalrx' licvniiir Mnriiii'. No. 2n8. Coloninl OJ/irf to Foreujn Office. — (lieceivfd Octnbfr 'J.'i.) (Kxtrnct.) Downinfj Sirrrt, Orlohrr 2t, 'i^^\). WITH reference to previous correspondence rcspectini; flic seizure o( British vi««i'l« in Bchrin;,''s .*^ea, I am diiected by l^ord Knut>loril to transmit to you, to be laid lH:tori' the Mar(|ui< of ."Salisbury, n cojiy of a despatch from the fiovcrnor-Geneial of Canadn, inclosing' an approved .Minute of his I'rivy Council submitting a Report of the Minister ol Marine and FisJieries un the subject. Indosurc 1 in No. 21^8. Drpiilii-dnvrrnor Hir IV. Rllrhif to Lord Knutuhrtl. My Lord. Oltnwn, Si-ptrmbrr X\, \x^^.l NVnil refeirnri" to your Lordnhip's telej,'ram of the 1 nth ultimo, statiuL' that I'cr Mnje*ty's (iiiverniiunt \soiild Ix- m a >troni;er po-ilion tin- dealini.' delinitelv with Mebrinu':* Sea (a^es it the appcidi on l^^'li sei/.iires were pushed on, I have the honour to furwarii lierewilh a copy ol an ajiproved Mmiite of tin- I'rivy Council, subiiiittiiij; a Report of the Minister of Marine and lislierics upon the subjccl. 1 have, &c. (Siirne \V, .J. RirCllli;. IndoHurc 2 in No. 2»». Rfporl iif a ('oiiimilli'r of Ihr llunouiahlr the Privi/ Counril, apprvrrd /»i/ his Kxcrllnirii ihr (ioieriior-iirnrral in Cnuiiril, nn Ihr \ltlh Srptniiitrr, lSS!(. TIIK Committee of the I'rivy Coimcil have had under consideration a cable dc'spiiteli, dated the iMli Augu»t, \>>^\i. Irom i»nl Knut^^(n-d. inlimatiiii; th.it Her Maje»ty^ 331 r.ovprnmciil considers tlinl it would br in a stronircT ])osition for dcnling dcHnitt'ly with iielirinj:'* i^'ea cnsc-^ if a|i|K'als in 18S(i seizures wi-re |iusli(;d on, ami the despatch iroes on to «iiv ; " It is v( TV uMusuMJ to press for di|)l<)iiiati:' redirss for a private wron;; as loni: ai5 tliiTo is a reasonahle eliauce of oi)tainin;; it from the Trihunais of ti;e (country." Tlie Minister of Mariiu' and Fisjtnries, to whom t!u; eahle despatch was referred, iuimiii'* tlie annexed Report, in whicli the Coinniittce concur. The Committee leeommend that yom- Kvcellency lie moved to forward a copy iiiTrdf ami tlie annexed papers to the Riitlit I lonouialiie the Secretary of Statu for the Colonics. .Ml which i.s respectfully sui)niitted for vour Excellencv's approval. (Signed; JOHN J. MtGEK, fVcrA-, Prin/ Couiiril. I a stronger position for dealiiiL' definitely witli Uelirm H'l/iires were pushed on. The despatch iroes on to say (li|i|i>niatie redress lor a private wrontr as lonu; as tliert? is a reasonable i r troi.. fill. 'I fit >i I ii'i I.; t\i i\\i% I'fiiititrt* * Sea ea'ies if ajip it is verv uini>ual le elliiiiee to (if Inclosuiv 3 in No. 2.38. Mr. Tii/i/irr t<> thr Goveriior-dfiieral in Council. Oftinni, Srptpiiihi-r <), IMS!). I UK lUdersiuned has the lionour to report that he has had hefore him a c.ihle despatch from Lord Kiiutstbrd to your Kveelleiuy, dated the iHth Aui;ust, ISf^O. This despatch intimates that Her .Majestv"s (iovernment considers that it woidd i>e ■ ■ " ■ ■■ "in IS.Sfi pres> for •htainini,' It Iroin till' Trihunais of the eoimtry." The Undersit:ned desiri's to call attention to somi' of the (((rrespondence uhieh has .liicidy taken place upon this suhjeet. It will lie recollicted that in .Inly l^^'i Her .\laji sty's I'lincipal Secretary <>( State lor iIj Ciihinics ex|)ressi'd the ilesire of the .Manpn-' of Salishurv that helore ai;v furthci' n'|iii seiilatiiins are inude to the Inited .Slates' (invernment with a view to oiitainini; ri|);initioii. that Her Majesty's (iovernment should he in possession of the record nf the jiidieiBl proceedings in the Distriet ( 'ourt in .Vlaskn.* Copies ol records in Unitiul Slates' District Court for the District of Alaska in tiie cases of "Onward," "Carolena,"' and "Thornton'' were duly forwardtd in Aui;nst l"S".t In acknowlcdi;iii^ their receipt, the Munpiis of Salisbury said : "I have liirther til reipust that you will endeavour to ascertain and report to inc when it is prii!iahle that the appeals retericd to in yotir dc8|)utelies of the 2nd April, I'^M/, and of the fith .May, |Mm7, respectively, ol' the owners of the Ainerican ships which were seized on siiiiiliir grounds, \\\\\ come on for liearin<;, and whether any arrani;omeiit has heeii or can now in your opinion advanlaficously be made between the owners of tiie llrilish and Aiiuricaii vessels on the one side and the (jovcrnment of the Inited Stales mi the other, ttitit line of these cii.>es shuulil he rcgjirded us a test case, hy which, iit so far as the Americiin Ick'al 'i'rihunals are concernud, the reniuiniiii; cases mii;ht he held to be concluded. " It must, however, be clearly uiulei>tood that any such arrani;enu'nt, if made, would only afleet the le;^al remedies which were open to the maslersand (iwiu-rs of these v.'sseU ill till' .American Ctiurts, iiiid would in im dei;ree limit the riirht of llcr Maje-ty's ( l.iveriiiiieiit, arter all »uch letful remedies were con>idercd to he exhausted, to iiitervme tiirounh ili|il>i;iiaiie channels and uii iiilernution.d grounds on behalf olsiicli iiiasturs di iiwiici'->." The suggestion, that the United States should ugree to n test ease fur sub m>siou tu the L'nited Stales' Supreme Court, was never acted upon. The cases of the UiiitiMl Slates' vcs.-els referred to in this despatch us having been seized under (■ircuiiislanccs similar to li, use of the llritish vesseU were discontinued hy consent of Counsel icpresciiling i)oth jiriviite owners and the l'nited Stutes' (iovernment. No suit is, therefore, now pending before the 'I'rihuiials nl' tiie Ciiited Stales, with the aii|itiiin of the case ol'the " \V. 1*. S.iwvard, " a iJritisli ship, .> hercinalli r evplained. In .laiiuary 18IS7, it appcurs the authorities in Wasliin'.;toii directed tin; release of the Oiiwaid, " " (-'nrolena," and " Thoriiloii," the iH.Stj seizures ieferre>l to in the cable nu'ssa^c under coiisiileratioii. I'lion this subject an txtr.iet Irom a lelter, ilated the I7lli .\ugust, l.HSH, lioni Mr. A. L. Helyeii, .Attorney for the owiui!) uf the vcsocls ubove iderrcd to, and addrcMud t'ltlicin, Ih upi'dided to linn Keport.} LI-'HJ * Sir II llolUtia. .Iiilv It, Isn:. t Tlir M*ri|U»of H*Ii»Imii) tu .Sir I.'. Uvti. Au(U>t 10, ISi;. \ .\|>pv«(iil (\). i U ^32 In tlio year 1>*SI*, the Cnnadian (iovcrimient liaviiij.' iiKiuirecl whetlirr tlic vessel". hcized eoulii he bonded without niijjo^iiiu oii the owners tlie ()hli;;alion to appeal, correspciulence took |ihu;c between the liiiti-ii and the I'niled States' autlioritie.s, aixl upon tlie 21st dav of .lutie a Coulidential dcspateli was icecived by Ljrd Stanley tVuiii Lord Knutslord, inelosin,!,' a Meniorai.duin. date.l tlic '_'5tli Ma\, 1.>eal could be taken in the matter of the sci/m'rs of \S^Ct. One vessel oidy of all those sei/.i.iril informed .Sir L. S. Wwl that the Aetim: Atforney-tieneral had liiiietcd toe poHtiHJUi'HU'iit of \hi- sale, and had instrueted the I'nited States' Marshal to leerive boucis in ii. ;; •> 'Ik; vessel. .\lr. ISayard subscolphiii." and to sanelicn the iioiiiiinu- ol' the ".Anna Heck' in tlie manner proposed. .After much delay, il was intimated thai the sale of tiiesc vessels would be jiroceedcd with, and a reappraiseinent and liundin^' us above would not be sanctioned by tlie lliiited States' anthotities. l-'rom the correspondence herein reviewed, it .vili thus be sien that the only appial in the Canadian ease from the Judirment of the Court oi {'"iist Instance which has been pretcrred is in tlie ease of' the " W . V. Sayward. " seized in l"ss;. This case has Ik'cii duly inserilM;d in the Supnuic Court of the United States I'or nearly a year, and, on impiiry, the Lii(lersii:ned learns that it will not be reached iii it.< turn tor ar.:ninenl lor another year from this date. It tnrlber appears that the suit.t re(;ardiiiu' tin United Statis' vessels seized under similar cireemslances have 'leeii disciiii- tiiaii'd ; that III) li'si i-asc was ivcraurced upon; and that the Unil<;ii Slates' (.Jovciiiiiienl w iiild not hanclioii the release and bonding of the .seizeii vessels peiidinf; u Ncttlenicnt <>l tlie (piestion. The owners ol' tlie " VV. P. Say ward '' liavini; lo .iwait the uliiiOHt endless delays attending the arL'mi.cnts and decision of a ease in the Supreme Ci/uit ui the United Sial.s, the (plesllon wl'etbcr an appeul lies in such a east In Iiil; aUo involved, and the adiiiinistru- tion ot that lounlry cvimin:^ no desire to icaeli an early dcdsiiiii in their .Appellate ( iiuri upon the (piestioii at issue, the Undi.'rsij^neil hopes ibal Her .Mijcst) 's (iovcrniiant will not consider that the just demands ot the Canadian (lovernineiit should not be prc»»«i until the ease of the " W . 1*. SaywarrI " is disposed of The (leeisioii of tlie C'ourt in the District of .Alaska in the case of thi- " Dol|iliiii," » easu muiilur to all of the rciit, proceeded upon the one ground, viz., that liehrin^'s Sea wu.- ^x^ iu IHoS that ifdcH to the United States by Uii'-Niii, und tluit tlic title in Russia at that time was cxciu-ivi-.' It will l)e ohservod that none of tlii' sciziirt's in I5('liriii^"s Spa formiiiu the subject of fnm-|iiiii(lci)ci.' bi'twi'cn llcf Miijcsty's (iovcriiiiii'iit and that of the I'nilod States involve l!ii' invcsti.'ili )n uf eiiui|)l!c:i(i il facis. T'cre is no iirrtensimi ti;ul any ve-sel seized was witliiii the •'i-!nilc or leriilm iai limit. 'I'iie sole (jnotion i- the daiin of the I iiited States to till' cxclnsive control o\er tiiai part ol' the Xortli I'aeitic Ocean known as the Ik-liiing's Tiie Undeisit,', ed snl)init> liiat the I'aet that Uussia once raised the same point (loe> lUit (■■•aiilisii on tlie part of the I'nited States even a prima fncic ease, espeeially in view o( the iitiilui'i' oi'the latter conntrv when >ueli a claim was pat Ibrwanl by Hnssia. So \un\i afji; as Jnlv iH's><. the \iews of the ('an;i(ii;ni fJovernment leKardint:; ihe jiiiipriety of owners '>i' >ci/.;'(| vessels as>\nnini; the obii^ation and res|)onsibility ol :i|i|Maliii;: from the decision o( tlie District Court of Aiu^ka were connnunicated to the Ri:;iit Honourable tlie Secretary of State iov the Colonies. 'Il:e Kepurt of that date dealt wit'i a dispateh of the Htli Marcii, 1S88, from Her M;iii'ty'- Minisle;- al \Vashin;,'ton, iclative to the then pendiny; proceedings in the cases of tile Ciiiailian sealers sei/ed in j!eliriiiL;'s Si a. The Coinmittei' deemed tln' obli;:ation suu^lil to be imposed upon the owners of nmiidiaii vessi'ls . seized in the iJeliriny;'^ Sea of a|)pealii::; from the decision of the .Miigis- trate iit Sitka was " obviou.-ly one whieh cannot with justice or |)ropricty be enforced." Till' Kcport went on to say that '• >ome doubts exist as to the ritrlit of appeal ; and if it ■•JKJiiii! he held thai no appi'.il will he. the lieiids will be I'oireited. Apiirt from this ri-k. however, which the owiiei> of the vessels are asked to take upon Ihemseivcs, it j|)[K:ir> that the 1,'ivin;: of bonds of such a nature woulil involve the admission that the Guilt'* of tli'j United ."^tates had jiirisdietion in rcjiaid to the sei/.iires, and that the I.iiW8 of till' I'liited States a|)plied in the cases of tiiese vessels. Such propositions could by no nuaiis he admitted. The vessels bad not entered within the wateis over win b the Laws lithe I'liiled States extend, and over wliieii the r.xeeulive or .hidiciary of tliiit country i:.(Vi' .my authority. '"Till vessels in '|iieslion were molested in their lawful oceiipation on the hish seas, iiiiil Were eizfd by ves-el.s in the .service of the Initcd States, but possessiiiy no ri.!;lit uliatever to molext the penjle of C'liiada or their property on the ocean. "Similar outrage's have been coiiimiited in tlie pri'eediiii.' year, and the vessels seized ihcii were ordered to be surrendered iiy the l.'niti'il Stales' aiitlioritie>. In the [ireseiit cises, tln'r< for»', the ie|>etilion of >iich acts ofviuleiui' ivas \\ prneeediii:; for which the iiwiuMs of the vessels have the riuhl to expect that Her .\laii--lv's (iovernmeiit will demand and CM, ( I redress. They .shoulil not be asked to seek that redress iu the Court.-, ol any lorcijrii eiaintry whatever: iheCouits of the I'nited Stales have no more cotfiiizaiice of their cniii|ilaiiil than the Court of any other foreii:i) eoimtr\ ." !'Ik L I'.di'i-iuiieii is not aware iliai Ibr Ma')e-l\'s (Jovernment at any time previous to I he eaiile mes>;ii,'e now iiinier eon!>i(leiatioii inliiiiated tiiat tlie .ibove ;;roiiiul was not «t, dealt lully with the claim N.; up liv the Adiiiinistiaiion ol the Ciiili' I States in couneetiiin w lib these seizures, in «hiili lie staled: '• Her Majesty'- (lOVernmeiit havi- o.irefnlly considered ihe tianseript acoid 1)1 the Judicial proeeedm;;-^ in the United Staten' l.)istriet Court in the several eases ol the schooners ' Caroleiia,' 'Onward,' and •Tliornton,' which were communicated to }i>ii ill .liilv. and Wfre traii>rnitte'l lo me in Muir de^paleh of the I'.'lli ol that month, and dicy (iiiiiiot tind in them any juslitieation lor the condemnation of these vessels." It is to ill' remembered that these are the seizures of is.'stj, to which the cable messaije l.a> >peeial relerence. I lie follo\viiii{ vesM'N, while pursuinu thiir lawl'nl occupation in the North I'acilie ''lean, Imve been wantonly seizeii and mole-le 1 iiy Ki venue-eulters of tlie IHiited Slates: "(".aoleua." 'Jiid .\nuusl. issil; " Onward," -iid Ani;ii-it, \^^i\ ; " Tiioriiton," "ind .\iif;ust, l*""'!; "W. I'. Siivwani." lllli.liiU, l>'^^; '• Dolplnn," li?lli .lulv. ISkT; •■Anna Heck," 'iiiil .lulv, l^sT; ■.-(Ji-aee," ITlli'.fnl,, \>-<7 ; -Ada," 2".ih Au-usl, !>>(,; '• .Mfred •Wan,-.' iltb Au«iisl, 18sr (escapeii)": " lllack Hnimond," llth .Inly, ISS«( (escaped); I'all.liiider," L'/lli .Vu^'ust, IHSJ); ".Minnie," l.'ith .lulv, l>'i".>; bcsiijes the " ravoiitc," * .Sw Itcporl. (j.niiiior ol .Vlasi.;!, ISh;. «Ml»rtl off lil> .irr, '^mi .\u«pii>4, H*»6 ; >M llir " TriiimpJl," » I tilt Jutv. |M»I in lArtv llMlaiMv, a* ilir«lt twKf'W u rwi |itii<•< iti tu fii w— li ww , » > «ilt) iiitirh r<-,-ftl llk«l, ->t lU»* •(»(<, «i»<-it the |irrtiHl . i ,iji|h .tiiu; Imm liMlf n . «|>'rr f tv tl(p . ,— III Ihi- M-i^itri'* 1' I ••*». Iiti< l>iwlt'r>isiir.l I xni* |l*-»i «»i» KlfllMr M 'I ».tr) !•• kttrturltK II tlk< III l**^} it|Hin (iiv linttari M»' ti' it ! : t >|mrMJI« lit «-rr« of xiiul.li iiitllMKr* itn" 'mituif lUiiv |iMfN4m«il, Will* lUtrtvurv, ilw I'lMtiUMWi I uirttww ttilMnilii iImM Utv IiiIimmuumi mi ilw r* ^■pMrh at«iki iiMiili(Mi>>l i> .ul tiiMkr lit>- ' ' >;. ^ irlnrli aMmo llw MfiiUri' lii|<< 111 i|\, IrUii -till ■ liiiii .•! u>. lo<** •'! iIm^ LiiiIi I ■»•) » iir WIM • iitith I ! i r\tlr iMit w wn ly Hity r*^ ill* lull..' ■trl4i III Mlt|A4i,ii>,; > .>.«t*>tt •' aiwl IkmIiU- MrtliMI ■ ' aglillil lliiltkli M»tijr«-|» iimI Strili*i< fii> nix* l<>r liir •>«' •BMIIIIUWHY III Itti* llVMlim III liiau (tliult »•• iiiiMiti (linsi Mini imam:! lUuMUir iIIhI '•<< tll»ti»r«l liV iiiH- >*C llrl VU|0*t«'* I Mil l*t»»»-»*f-». Siitrvt$*rr,tUif |i'iMli'r*i||l»r'''' < ' li» niiUMMViil 11.111 I .•! I<«»* III III*, mil III viM'ok mI tlir |ili^«i' -I >ltM'< ll lt'>|UII> l»' 'l(i(WUM'Ul I" *^l* Xiukl III! Ulttf** tl>ii . I'liliti* < I itilnl tlal— ' i»t««'«iiMi*>iii (ii«t »i >iiM i ll.iill llv <••'•» ->« |ir%«il !•> 'MtfiMiii) liM Huhl IKoM.iti^Mi' ill' ^•^fvl«i« III Hiut<' lur lltfl'ittiM |||»M «»•>•■ >■■ I '•■ iiiwif t^trfl iMi IwftiM : liMM Im- |M>iiiiti|n| III cUfiM ail MtllMil (llilw*!* >*• I 4lM'>-> III' ••MM» l|V>«t*>lll 'II lllU IM«l||«lMI«l l«lpt 'i '««l<|i III lit. IW-liltUK > Ht 4 NtlKil Mm: I illlrai NI«U>« lliil.iit'il I' fMil'-'Ot mtW< titv IcmlMty MUtMiWl Im IIiaI |i««< III lit i'rfillit U I...., .. ..I liMMMk. !• I* •mIiMM|4»>< H> /IfWtay'f AMI MMiurM. T*( ' f< w ii JmIm* I. I .. ,.iMi WiiliMii ^luiiMv. I.*«|.. ViMt*li.t lt»U»»li < •iImimMii. OmiUmm*. . I II- (•«!«. trnfit ir, i*^'- III tmtm*ntmi !•' Iiw unlMt l»*«ir«l l>« IIm I nitrvl 'H<«lp* l| I *fnl««M," "IhiMMil," i«H«l I Im k hI mH , **t*ttt iit IMilii>«'i M |«»«r»*«'J ill VMftxl Im4 lt«M«i IIm i » l' .k44N*l«t AIMmi. 'i AU»Imi. IIw ltit|i>*Mi.i iriUrt — I I ' |lM«*Ml «/ I4m4«, OjK" .•>! Ivif'.l ^»f«l#<' ,kl«"«« " *il4 4, .|li.««M 4, I •»«••> '•lii«MM< **. ««M> IM44>« ,.4 IIh^ Ifllt Jati. I tMtv ll» li i i ii i i u i IM alato lUl m •''< III vl ffOH**^ l*M ii«f> ««lii^« <.l III. iHalniil ( .Kill >.l llitt ilttlml irwit«« • <«4l aaMMMlltia lo l» MtMH lit! I mIImI fillMr*' AMiMM** ' '• ii m^* llHMfllil III 1*1 >• |u>«*«Y, inmI liitutt «•• I«4MI "^ Mk HMtttan iMdlt n» M i »» |ll III *htmkmji Im« i4 aMMllivt llnnwlttt IniM itw MmMMI^ • IM» «•> >«««!, .. iaMin>« '* 'irirt |)r,iti;, i»l N u-li>tM, uttrrr* »( Imd xt ihi> tr«« iIk' iiwiMT «i> I<)» mlitrrt* u\t\ iwhx . I ri'<|iM'*l<'4l 1.^^111 \\nrrrti !<■ nnlict iitl (iMum ui V u i ,rti, •iitiir(W** I li«*« iiH rri'dviTtt xiiy ortlcr fnicti \\ i«»liiiik'ttilttl .Vftifr»' \f,trikitl," ll,r l (-.iiiir I'f t( ihp : iiidMM llM-irtxi \tf .JiMi|(P ItnUHMi, III' lt>r Ciiilrtl HIaIi*' l>i*lrKi Court, .\li»>lt«, I .44iiit iiirtlnr |tm> ^mir> III Om tnalirr kI llii< M-uiirr nf ihit Mnli«l» truwU ' I .ttttUiu,' ' dn-Mnl,' nimI riiioii,' KM'I li;lH'«l) "A. M. (MI>t^Nti, ^l(•n««v•f/'•**^•^" 1m IUiuhi AlktiH, U'miIi-4 Klrtlrt' J^lmvilMt) inr " tM*lrtrl ol AUkkn. " Y"«l nn I rfvli* >iirrH'Vmi>ic'» S< 4 Inr «tii ui KMCt. II tU.Ui rmliil Nt»lr«' fMnlulr*, inifriW willt liiili iftrttk, *(>|iiir«l, •kii»>, rwi)», - .< ili<>n, tiiull Imi«I>, •ltU\ nl t-f-MUHl), \n<*1 {WtHmA} " f.A Fivttfr \)\m%ns, h^tlxtt ,U* H-li»iMu'r* lud lien ut«an l» IIm* n«n<>f*. I< '*! •• l.r HiMt Im* llkiiWklil il I«hI Ihnii •Mhic, litil ll nml Iti unkil'l iill< Mil !•• itm Miallir on III )>°t^>u III ^illl«, MtH'ti tiiiUrtt iii»i bMHunij 1)1 l«4Mi4 •«• v%|Htit>t. I, un U>< liiMi OiiuiMrf ^i> •. •fol< ill) Mi«i«lii«l AH Intdmii— • Ku<>" \ilitnt. ^'.*»i, I ntltoi Nl)iHl, "tttltm. AUIm. M> '»•>«> Nr. '* r«r«*rHi, th'U'h fWnwi-iit, <»r/»lirr |«i. |(Mi«i, >v ri>i(M»nilMr » 1 i>n« rtiMinNi I ImhI miiIi \u» mUau in Ntiin«i« m i«(>rini<< In .|l nliUtiil inMm nl Um ii't«<^*4 ■t«iiM wl nnnnktlm ! '■«n«'r» Al liwM r«'«|n»*l I |i««f> |m Mh IImI imi will hliMlly f>»i«iir*( iin »*»w In I fi^ufn mat, I'lii nuntii. »» ^><» u>»\ ni>lu<' mi ivIviMIVii In fl - r .li i.l Ilir 4(1^ .SluiMir «i»tl ( u I \|unin> ami !''• 1 nl llii* ttty, " I am, i^i , (Hl«IM'll) " \ I M>MI«, " «4f|iMa«v /or Maaw «»rf r\i," >>« 'iittrn NiatI I i««'rit«ni lUnNi Ihr MartMi 4 liMri, Mtthii IIhI i»tkt>U\ tMriMw Kwl < In llo nnnti'* il lln "1 mnWrni, ' wiilt an oitMi •InrtlM't' IIm- |)ii|miI| I'liilrtlnr ' I HhMiia !•> iWlixi iIm' m (i*! In llt« wdittri, wIimIi iimIhv itnil tHiWr af* In U Iciiiii) , . ««hI ■« m| Vlr MitiH '• (laltmni lUir* il <•«< liidi n«>l hit itt4rU I«m Haii *«l«r A«»lin(flM« awlloMfilHi »r«t«>rt*| iIm- itW—* n( lltM «i*mI, .iiul ll»>n itMlv alUi aikin.^ htf > < tiwii im4*iw ••c«rvi'«l i awl (i> IhU ttaji iIh- tuainr* *4 H*** " T ln>«nlnu " aWii •»»M ' |»ari> itfciviiiii IH* •twli itrtitMl n.4M«) nr nr .rr Inr 'Icliioff, »h4 i«mM ».Jt<, If "• >»t« i »«i n4 llM'ir r<"»*«li 11" M»t9ian» ni»»t>im« iIh' rvlpM«> »4« ••tn«r|r, l'»'»1, <«»>«it an* liwti umjir i^itvr inr •«li>, ultAli unlif ittiU'i' I'^ainn iniim ilMcl) ■iw Hi — ( ' ' j iHr M4r*li«l, ImI lot llti rr«MHi» •(•faiMiMir irriilinnitl mi i < IK- in Ihi- till A<<»,'U«I, I*""*, U»4- - ••llMiwt* III h4li>« l<>!rfM lu (tii.l fHii itUvllMiT ||>.< !• kigimit m%» pit%<»im ■■■r ii '-iT},, M> U( I laii It'ani, ftr* « kii ><• )>,' '' (•■•*)l> iHv U'«tJtt%f' - '.I ti* t«-«vt|-i litt* kiiuiRtiiK t»n Un> |>*n ••< ih- ( oMri ''m-f«<«n •-•lu "n. — ^— vtiwti msmI Hitoltiir,' It'll litUH «it.i Lm-ia alt I littf ^i-', lUi- (>.ii««>( •>( slw \l,i I ( >il|.|Mllt III .\'4 lli(f«frltl IIOIW A*fr«'4 a* K i^tttt ifym W' ■?!» jilip mrwr; l)44l (•i>i»f !•• ••ilk* !•• wr^tfT. i| |»»»aiti|c, Idr rrk*><- -« •ctcril tn l . Ikr ' ihmv." "I>ta|il«in," " \mim IW«k," " W. I* », iM«l " VJii " iKr IkMMl iMt rctrato n»i rii«)ilil»it<»>i -A |iti>«#rtilii»| ftti »ji|«r4| # MaiM i<»*(ttr« I '•>«<« l<> Ox h.i|>«^ I )4ir< •■( llH |'|i«li U*%' Ut |'-l(r<< *h m\t\m-*l, noil owi It IM«ilt>iii ^iif vvrlttrf • <•*> HM W oil iW * lOi \|>||| U<( iKtUfi' Jiiit|(i |J«'i' Utt *\Ut»*tt$ 4f« «! ImiI ii||>»(ni. ('«Mi HaMMM« 4- ('•MtHivi (Ivn W"'. i>i( a rortWkl I*' III* ••'^ki ( MWUMW !•)•«»' !•• •pitm' 1 ••• OM ilMlWttUf . Oil M><«-«Ut f»ll«*i<>U, \l<(ll IIm' KiMi, '«i«l III IV«Dllt'l l||« ««' i»« " .1 . Ill lllr I ••» Ml lUi' " W. I' MviaftMl," itMil i«t««<« Im-J »i» Ih*' .•••wfl "i •»a» lit**! i^Mg -il l'i»ir>( NiN»t»4, uixl«i All ••iii*f ill mIi- "M !'»«( it*). |l>» i-tf ( > mt»mpkmt «««»Mlr««>, «• ( «|rf«tii i^ 4iiii«Uwii *4 ll>i (ntlnt 't*«f< «iillt<*f«i«M Hi IMk«>, utMl ikv iMikf III lliv |M»i|Mn»* i«4t«itUi^ i***!!!*^"!, *IM l««t« «'|iM III •|i|.-< < I .iM i>ii4 liif>i«.i>4»t «• Ul I*' :>." i.t "f IIk tfciiiil i'Hw M iti*!!!!* «i|l» ,^|»|irMi(tt A I iM'Mi ^i* \lkkn«' kllrl ii4 AmK^mI 4, l««<« Imiii, H4ai»|(*i*, (k>*iit II. I**il mttl >f4»t«*«t» !•• IM» i(«)#»l»<»N lif 4|t|M*M ftlH Kt ll«# kM|M««ll« I iMM* l«) WVIMfl t««l««« N IUMtt««'* m>«, M •iiM'a «l|* In •»••• ll l>^ii>* IwvM IoHm*'! IIiaI itMf* ••«• M Uil IM .«M ..< Ill* ■' W I* H\m*l4 t iIk I «iM»»I M»I««, I |iia«|i lU llluMi* IM'k'tr 1 ttnn i.< • k|tMfl lii4H \|| t '•tilvfWM ('•' ' llw (^ItiKi «(4 «« tititr i, «i| IH«|«i| *k* l«'i4W>' ••' r««M Il«' I'^tll m4 III! I ••i4«l, III IIMtt »4 Ik »)*|4mu««m»« wJUmIi k««o "I U<», u«*4»-« ll»# 4i4«»tln(i <•< ll»» kUjiill) * l^tf****"" I tMH I I Ixl It •«»!««• (W^l** '4 ll* IV (Nil, *I*M«M H Iw |>«t«il«.|, t li^it, ki i»mm^- II I. »|iV« \MtlM M7 ittrtiMurw lit Nm. 'i\'>. Ut<»*''»m-49 * ** l» lir f «tM •/ f4« Hrk»»mti " tifl\ui llnmtif" « lit* t mUtl Slulf «» {(kl»Ui Turn, lAt'.i, .Ntt. 'i%:l.) Itti *i».v ki««M t)«i4lttik4 >mi u>) U>I ttui Ukw I'Ih i«'t-i>nl, mIimIi I \:»\>- ti*«HMN>«l, it |MiM'(mi»ll)r Umt •.tiiii" «• IU«l \h <(•(< ••»«« )tf iw 'Ml ••III.'' Il M« )m«< [trvn Mloii 'Ml |H« lUlit J4M. ll'^il. Mr \ti.k(^ilt«. thvUf la^ C'tniivM (rum i'«J<(u«nMi, t'Mlfftml Ik* •(•|Mi4r«ill I. I'ltMill, ,|i>7, ^KkiVUMiM !iUvt(, km |i*i»r«M->i, I •UfiMiti'4. IIm ('Wri t •li<«is^i<« «•»• i*U<>l ii4l I'^iiioHi) ^iMMiity^, i«t('»>H Mm- t'tjK'it*!!' ii4 |>ni)li ., |(»>' t<'«'>>f«| in iIm' itiM'. Tlvrrc 11 MH'iM4'v( iu l(i« ffoMil k Wtal lu« il«iUMn(*, aliuli i)t» ««t«M • lh« |tmaitit<>iH "( Itw'tM In IWhtiitg't >**■*■ lit* n^tmmtt'* \'V iWiitt, Ait^l lt«« •t*)» «•:)< t a'^il hi'f imM" "o** ■)*t>*Mi«<| i4 I'i'i? I 'J'l ikiit*!*. Itta «• IxMitM't u ihMHUit »» ••' ;i«it fnii'MtK'u, ii)iiM4r» lo Ik h i{t«iari.>l lu i)h t loUtt Iiu4(« 44vi«»*, llfvlitit I'hIiohIh*. TIm> r*|Kv»fi> 11*% i«i»>le I 7 iiiUti (rutii ( «i|«i> t l*(«iiiil IV U 13 ti.iiUt, |(ki* A<) Mt«i, Hh) <•»•«■( «iMi r4|>l4rv4 u4t lli* Ji«4 (i>.|lttu Mii*liim»«>l kmU «k« 'Ut k. Nu. '.ttu, I^M'*'**' Mtf«*«*^«Mi, iki»>^" lA, loon, I II Ul lilt I .MHtiu I'l iv««ii« tfiur l.'* ^t^^ 4f«H« x^ lit> I lilt utiUiil, K. vim I., • itN(«<(«yMM 111 itit iktMiih III liw IVik it>»l^>i«l, ^tMi ihUitu»f4 tit* IHaI IIh) w»v>Ar»«l i<)iiN(«Mf« llllWII III iirr lkl|<>l)'* (ixlVtllMMtil II) ^il ll«)<»f*l l><4* )V> fwflU«t fuur* <»f AlJd«t[, lltMtU U* lkl>l>ll» • H«4 •l.llxll.i Uht |ii*< . ^.KtollUK lh< (Ub^lM^lW <4 iU» ll*Mt4lt lii <>>«. nla<«M II. ( \|Af«il)i'> IU'< •'*«<•« «t' **»< IIk I'liMittl fM»U«, nkkll «•• ' > t • IM fi«'»l I, 4ii«t)l|-'« ib'ttaAlili )i( Um' 'Jll^l i^l<>ilh«, « .' • lUi il>MI I '• «i>t>!> •*% i> •4^i«lt« li« Mr \ MU i M|i*|«« Vlihllltir Ml |4*«>k «H'I •)•>■ I'jl Mf. Ii«)*4«) IM ' «!••< In IK* WMrMli •! 4|i*«l l*M itMf. t^ilt tw ««>• 4 xni'ititij,- Mtji «MN««MHNr|«)tn«i »4i iN |»r1 ••< Mr ll(«iHi> >>«irm In \h$ I 4>.*'l |i«««« III kn iN^vtifji •!».» iwi4 wm )ifi|ti»i|> * *U»»«('H*«««l»t>i>f4 lirAtikttili • ••^•l>*l i U|»atA| ib< «M«t«i*m < «#frf|«4| |.« M*« i ftki I, Mxl, *«t^'l lll>«t IM bU«< «>»tltl lt» Ilw |<«tNli t I 4iv»|«»tt< ■"< IIm »««iiff«l «liul« »•* Utii l«t«<«i« I «M||||«M ll-u )•«>, I •>»<• l» Ur hl»4iM « • i4i'i' IIm lKMi'*>«f i« t)iirtt«Mi iH «uMf44ohtll|« 'IM MM ll»V Uit«»>« UtfjIAIM »(«)««• >-4 it». i lfc*»r, kf. »t«M.i/ 11. U. Ktm NHDIJt .1 Ml HUlu*. (f'4(4«««i<«, rjkMt* II l^ m n^UnU), IM lyilt H1M44M, !«>• M<< »M« tJilt um l tit MM bi Ilw ltMv|«i|( «44 W »ImI w >h tw IW« t«4»«l t4 IM *«i«<*«v« ■( litltiiMg'i h*H», )u*i iMt|«ti».| III Kvi, •!•«<• I »>4*lw«l IIm |ak>*«4t« «h««h Ml li>««>4 <1»J, IM l»»4, »«MWH««l>»t4l« l', til MMIMMV « t*M«««»« 1*4 IM» Hm*wi%m tiMwM uka |4ifi« )Mii*ilMf IIm ilt*m^t*tm >4 iWir IS )|i»r*l«itii* >ii«o|«ni lirlvfM-n ilir l«n (iii«rnin»rnU," if I • uultl Ivil Vow in whal ««]i ii, >«**>il<>M< -« >» iiimi'Im ltl t '• i mri'riMIM'lll I rr)>lM-«l lliai I lt>|irt<'r«'ii v> ■ fiiiiitiulitmlisl lit 4 kdi'f ^htrriMri) Mr tltv..it| i-r «»'4lil In- (iitiiHi m llu |itMiU' I lur/ ifKHfmm-T iMt llie »ttli)r«.i U»*\ iii iit^ '•'|'l> <" *">ii t"il wm iit •MOfMMV i<>ii>li«uliM«U i^>r>tf i> ^^I'K 111 iIm- mmmiiIi •>( Vpril lii<( \f»f i h«V(, lii- ()i«rti««. Nil. J-*!. fVr»0>f' I- fWMtii< 0/|kr«. ^i«, Kwr^iya OfUtt, .\»temtifr 'i. l-Mifi I II \VK UntlMdifT IIm' Miiri|Ukt ■>( K«li>litir) Mr Mr«>k'i llirvr htiett •>( 1 'illh ulliiitti, aillt llHtr iiii|>ii lUr tiuurrt <■( ItiM.i.t «<-i»lii.i(M)««ilt )>^ IIm ii>«iiiu(iIm« at Un \ itilot ^l*lr» Hi lH< MAiir* (i( MilmiiK'* Hm III ftf'lf, I ••«! i|iii>lii|> !•> rt'i'H >l t)i4t jiiiit 'Vill tUir !>■ U^i Kitiiiil 'rit ltt«l <*)Mi' Mill !•• |'if«ar«(«l t'ai44<(a tiiuulit Im. uikiiuti'i Ut- Mf Jtliaii i'auiM«lIm« UMit.y iti# i|Urt(ia>/.i »ilii \|r, |U*M><<. I >4i| li«||>|(iii« |irw|«>«rt ltkiM l« UltcM IM iIh' iiiallrr. I MM, fcr (MfiiaJ) T. 11. KANDKIOus S.I. JU T%f A/affiiK •' ^aiiiii-ur^i I* M«r J /'aaal Mr r.*ta«nl<« ili<|aiIIiii»>, (•t«a4fil«i>4 r '(-^ lt«* |>iit.«U Itlif «lti>l4 Ih .1 1.1 Ml ilUiiM iTa|i*■• lUf Ma|i*t)'» l»t«.M. ... . 11. 4I i.ii liiitliii t^i^iirc ul llilU»li «t*«v(« III llrlinM ' M*« •httuki Uia I'Iwi |M*»il>H»K IIm> tiMCHUf'ii 11^ IIn' |»)«nI* «I laMM li«i«««ii lU I* f(.itffnMHNl« I lM«a l«i mlifMi >t>u iImi Mi. Ijlaantaa' mIIiKi iti iI«h (iiaUrf m a^wViti li;i M lla^ii^'i Oii«tfiiiM*(il I «Mi, kr. iNHiiH.n hm.imihhv Nil. 44a a«« f l^mf>**m ttmJ fV. la |W««fa Oj|l«* ^{Hm»»*4 >—»atfc » r T.) Ml. «t«t|ri««t liMvttfttti I* llir l>lK SiitFMiUi, |M«i. im ||m< «Mli(ii bilHfi. I'Hm" llial l>Ni4 liW omhWr ••( •«(» Hi|(.tit4«l«. tlHMlit iiatMol IM ItflUti) I <4a»)*<' Um ii> ««»lt iiM«iiii«4. irtHl |M» |Hii iiwia* Im iIm litfli |>iM<« i4i(a«MaU« f-4 Itw >*— • "' NM4I) ■'• kAi •«!»■•«.*<«, ••Hit 111 itHKi Mlril atllt »Um» ami a««<|>(t falutiokt^ ai*k i«< atlWt L*** U*M «»>Nii«iil III llir i«|i(wi» III »i«Mal> traii h II I'liiRMlril iIimI llH-ir mlrli lllt^ •rnMiit '.till ainmi'ii i>i ixi Iim lUnn iO,4lr maU r«im«>< I*- >l»|>)«l all |i«Mit irtlMiUtl. lit ttiMir Ii.I<'|ii4II<>imI \k..-vIim'MI «Oi'r -, llic .'ut'l aiH. Ix fiirr iiMiiit tc^r* .«r«- ii«r». t«rit«| Mitu'lt ilirfi- III' it/iiii)«laliai'lr •itffi* 'li«l llw iiiiiitlirr of w-nl« aiiitiMlU \ittlii(|; lltf la.i Mtxllliif i>Ulijt» in till lU Jiiihk'* "^t'lt u ilt't II Mtiitt;. I>'i lioili Ua'lHirl* I til Iv I • Ii4ltil, »* Ikani llal iKr Mki|irrinli ii'li'iit ntt iIm' uImihU, wliirli uii' lia»<'« ('ii«niiii'r<'i«l ('oiii|M«iit III K4111 Kmiiritrii, liu* (hi* yvnt louiwl i> niwtf i4M< ililtiiMiily t)i iililrfiiMiiit III!' luaal iiiiaiiliiy ii( iktiraMr Mmlr m>iiI», anil r*l(« «>elrt OmI -iir> li, uilitiiilMikti iIm'm lait* III tint, >tr uiMiM iitftr |lii' iiii|Nirl«ii< r of nrHtlm; al a ^ (tt MllriiH III Iff lilt* iiuftlMHi tti-tiifr II M liMi lair \V» afc, kf. (Mniwl) r. M I AMI'XiN kHt' Co. \u. 'i44. ( Wmii«( 0^*t >i tttttfn lt0tt*, — {H*trit' •'.) *< Dmirmi*'/ Mtrrtt. .V»»*»«ilw» a, I •►HO I \\| ihfiflrtl Itt {rfHii klHiUliitil III If4ii>)iiil III tiMi, III In Um| la-dm iIm' \i4ri|uu '« h.)liilii«fi. 4t I?-!!! Ill 4 il4<«|i*ii h lii>4ii ll.r n<|iiilt •(•'■« 011117 n( I'aitaiU rilaliiiK !•• lU- y«i>iUi«i III litr iWliniin'* H^ I Mi«iirri, I'r'i^ii wliirli It ^iiimmii llial lilt' lll,(li I' ifw« Uti I Mi«il« It III la- iiitiruriol In |>Ui' l» l^fi* hnmht»t,l. Wi lii«»l, I WW I iIm IttMHHir l< ao aii^ii *«*«««l, . . ., _„. . i«4*iit HIifiifMfil't arittrii>4 al \ trlniia flflaim. (hlmUt 'J.I, I Han. u\9t\ Mliiul* (tf ihf I'rtty M.^\ I IIm ittMHHir III liifaaiil lMr«*>ln it i'ii|it •>< an aiijiiMt atl \|ii»yi* («| ihii I'rtty :i<, tiatini; (t|«frtfit I > ili« *• tir^ almlt lli« ii«m>(* li llnlith M>ii4a>n'f» >4'i4fil m t.'t >tm lit ill* ( MdrtI Hlalrt' 1 itllri ' Hu*li " |ii.>)Mit4-i| I 1 fiilWin III llir rvrfil ul -IM HIifiifMfil't ari|trii>4 al \ trlniia Nii-ii |jiMlilr.|^ mil itr•! W Miiartl ■lusatiiin ill tmittklvt Ita tti-lifilta't t<«a MaK'**)' ,. . w f*S llll< 1 1 IK, i^ftf Umtttmi |i.4iiwiifr 'J in hw. ilH. ■frU «f « I aaMiillf* mi tk* tt*—>tmHf lk» I'tttf Vtmmtyl, i/tpfrnt**! li« Ait K<"W«««« l*« (4«tf«aM lira'tM' la I'wtrMt' a« tk* |lt|* f|«rla«M I H*iHiHNf ItWgintM h«« m»«i ra«fiit»l riw>n M>mii (ami. aittl ^ '' 'I \it iif I^MlN«'t M*« , - IUM •< \ J 810 "Culler ' Kiioli ' r\|M«.ltiHrii lliitik uf lioklir..- ('ii|il>«iii Slii-|t|iiiii| li) Uiiil ill iic'tioii li)r il.tiiiiiK*-*. Wliat (l« \i>u .ulviit;/" To wWwU llic .Miiiittcr n|ilit' U.< iMrtim iiilrrf^lril, il 10 i|iiili- r(Mii|H trill (>>r auj Hriluli tiilijin-l Ik intlituli- »iich priM t-i'itiik,'! uiiilt-r l)ii' lim 4ii I'miixLi. 'rill- .Miiiitlrr ilt-MM > Iti trhi lrM*|Kt|»cr ruliiiiK, lirrfwilii nniirtiil, Uktii frutn llip *' (iK.twii lili/iii," |>iir|Nirtiiirf Id In' ii ri |xii1 »f n l'\>\\ liv (*a|>laiii SIi(']i|miii|, uf Ot I II it'll Mnlra' K<-vri.(ii|ilicil Iroiii liiiic In iinw la lit lMi|Hri4l (ii>tt'riiiiiriil uti llir »uli)rrl uf llio »4-uirr uf llfilitli vi»mU in lli«? UrIiriiiK't Hcui. Mini III llii' (iri-4l iialiiiiitil iin|Mirt«tii-i- nl llu* t-arlir*: |Ht>»ili|r Miilrtnrni uf tin- i|ur«u>i.. iiMiiit,' ifl •'■i«il »i'ii(4iii liy I'ltilci: M.iii*' Kr«i mir.rtillrr*, ImiI Io ll>«' tfruwiiiK ituulil mi llir i-nrl ul llir (';tiiiiiliiiii |(rii|ikiMl. Mlii'ilirr llii' Miiji*ltS <vi'iiiiiii'hi Mill Hi'lttrh iiii|i|»'>il llir liniiiiiiil* ol' ilit- U.itiimiat, III ('hIIImIii Ml « >'lir.<|lli IH'f of fill' liillK ilcl.lt mIiiiIi U*» l.lkril |ila> C ill .tlli« MIK ill 4 Mt.f fMriiiry ttiljiioiMKiil of llic i|vir«iiiiii, moiiiiiii-ixiii lli.ti llu IIikIi ('.iiiiiiiKMoiM-r lor r«utitt Ml l^iliiloii Ih' ilifrrlxt to plitrr liiiiitrll ill |>iTMiiMi « fiiiiliiiihii nlioii nilli ||ir ^li«)<«l| > (•■•>rn)*lii III, «illt llir .ilifril of r\|N-ililuiH' in •mv May lir iimy iw iitilr In ilu it k|M'nli «ri n-.tlitfurtory Kiilli iiii-iii <>| till i|iiT>iiiiii, 'Mil- ('uiiiiiiiilK' (uliior llml y>'iii I'.trt'llriii') lu' iiiiiiril lo forM4rti MmiuIo to the KikIiI liiiiiiii.rnlili' Itir SitriUr) of S'mIc lor lti<' Culunii**, anil Uint iir»j> lie nltti tviii III till' IIikIi ( oiiiiiiitMiiiifr for ('miiihIu. All wiiuli It rT>|Nitiiil<r/..fc«r \'J, |HH». Mf^llh, iri*iAiiiiy(»ii, Itrlnhff II, |M'/ Itli. ( iiiliil hiniri' Mririiir-riitlrr " Hiiili " ttrtlKil lii-rr yrilirtliit fr'iiii \U*lii |.irul('iir« rtiiri'tit lirrv ll»M Hiilttli ( «iIuiiiIm«ii» Nirv Kiiiit in «nii fo« Kiiii to |itiiiitli liim lor KUiiitf llo'ir MiioaMri 'I'lir ('otiiiiiiiiiiirr iiiill'>l, hImI •llii Imi IuoI mdI Iir4r«l of iiiiy mtili llirr.il* iiiilil lir liml fi*'! llwiM Ml till' |ill|Hr> Ml III* nrrll.il Hi Kofi 'I'liMliM ml. lit' Mill llul Im' >tiil Iml IhImk iinyliMii;; i>l Hir Liml li>o| Umi iifi<'ir ii»l Imiir roiiir fruiii mt> (I'M • •iCii' iwMoiit. U ihiri! «4< niiv liiilli ill II, uikI t.r loiilil Unvv Inih iiii|iitt«i| of it in iium'. Ii« «irtil«l liuti' •Ifnlinrtl ililo NidirtM, iiikI Iimiti tliwki'll llo Ai«m-mi •Ml liwrf in llir Im* of iI \ iilmUli*. Ill »<«m1 Imi »a» mm uiHi'l liini* |iriviiially imHi IIh' |iioiMMiriil oivii l)i \ Mliifvi', mill illil Mill Uliiir llml iiiiv Intilgniiy In 411 .\ii'vrii'«n lioiiriinii'ni >Im|i «ihiIy iKr |ici'|>li> ol V Kl«»n«, No .I4.V llir J l'0>inr*(-lf fn ikt A/nryim* «/ Hil\ttimr^ -'(H'ttiml S'tumlifr II.) Ily |,i>rtl. MfliAiMv'oN, f*i/<>k«r 1, \>'*>' ■ I II \N I', itii' Itonmir to iiMl<>»r li<«i-ttilli io|i^< itir •tiliitiii jiiiiMin iMii. Ill llir I mini N mMwU' >• «rill>« ' XIr. Iillno, out lit iIm it| ill* (to)M«'* ifMli>*««l) •|<|H'«ivil Ml lli«' ht« Vorh " Kvi'tilnif ISmI," Ml ,4ilii.i 1'^ v^liii'li i> Mr. it'iUrt n.iuirr wlio li.ii nlri-aiK MnlliMt u vt-ry ;ilili- !■ llrt ', I'^'J. 1'ui. (jrr.itTiiiN iir ili:iiiiixi«'fi Hr,\. n\s ( Imrlr* N. Fcltoti.) iTIh' Miitriiil nrUck', Uy llio HoiuiurAlili' Cliurlra N. hlloii, Mt iiilxr of ('iiii);rr»t, •iti Iw fiiiiiiil '<( iiiiit li iiilcn-«l, ))iirti(-uliirl) nt ltii> Imir. Mr. Kclion i« lliiiritii(,'lilv (':,),«rr*«ril «illi tlir >iili)«- lir M.x .' imciiiIh-i iI lilt' ( onrrn iirv ( 'niittiiitlc*' In-Iwo'Ii <». NiiaIc llixi till- l|itu»i* wttlili i-Jii|(ii-l llir lilil iillirtlil.lliirv ol ill*' !•««• -."ibiiii;; JIm- (iir •r.il ti«tirt'ir* in Mrliniii;'! Hi-u. Tlii« Mill «.i» |ni««rtl iliinii;; \\u- (-li'oioi,' i< I'l till- ( ii'vctiiii'l .\iliiiii. Kill. I IS ui» III till- (nrt llinl llir (iiMrnitiiriil of ihr riiiii-il Slnlm li«« M-i/ni llir llriliOi k'lHHim-r " |ll>tik DiiiiniiDil," roiiliM'Mlril llir tritul >iimI liiru'i, u* iti|iiirri| l<\ imr St.iluir*, ' («4»iiiit or iiiliMiMciiirDl <>l mir Ikm*, uihI llia> nui ri|(li( In iln to u i|Ur«iiiiiii .1, ami :.«|i* iiiay lirt'unir nn inlrriiiiliiiiiiil i|iir»lii>ii, il iMViir* ti> iiir llml n diilrtiirnl I'l' llii- '> .i|«>it Mliirh i» li.kM'il iitir ii;,'lilii quel ttilc woiilil mil Im' tiiiinlrirtliiiK (<• «iitir rrrt ; <, I »tll itllrini't III \ny iliiiii oiii'li M *t.il< mi'iit llir Dill' )if ilii' I'liiir.l Mulo (■> Al.ioii.i iiii>l llir lU liriiii,''* Hi .1 WH* IK i|iiin-il rrniii .Kin l>y III!' 'I'riuly uf ('I'mimi u.mlf in |>«'iH, m mhiih nlir " inlnl .iiiit iniivrvnl >ill tin ■ ;l.ii, ftiitH'litM-*, |>ri>ilrh'< • iii>«r In |iiii((iii|{ III ItttttU Ml iIm' ii-ilril icrniiiry m iliiniiniuu, ib'i i«|t|>iiMritiiiiiT« lliirvlii i" tlir •mm- Ih-iii.; i otila.iinl willnii tlir ^'iii^'riiiiliiriil liiiiiln •^iriii Mi fiirili, In Mji : '1'Im riitlrni lliitil U llii' liiir nl ilciimri-nliiin iM'iMrvii llir Kiittun nii rDiiimiinl, |ni>> l)iiiiiif(li i\ |Miiht in Iklirimr'o Simil ii:i llir |>«r>illi'l nl ii.'i :ui u4|)i Ultlitili', III II* iiilrlM-i tliin In III! iiii'IkIi.iii «Oilrli |>ii»m'|> iiiiil«%iiy Ik-IWimii IIu' l»l.iiiii J KiUM iMii-rii iif li,'iiiili>iik nml llir Ultiml nf H«itiiamiv nr Ni»niiiirl>i>Miki, iiml priH I'liU ii*k i|iiiUii|i Irlwrill liii* Uliiliil ill AMiki 1*4 I Ik- I MlilttT InUliil, nl llir Knriliillninl (Itl i Ull|ilrl lir „'lMlll i'iinlli' Orrjill, ^>IU' M.iMiliHii III ll».l Mitt l(>lit(iUii|i , (Il u* lit M.rliiili' till' <*lliili' lit llir Ali'Mltnn ItUlnl* >ktl iif ilini iiH-iiii»iii'» lillr Witu ImikI tliuili llir liillnwiii(( furU i"- It l.iiii4'*fH'ii, |iiiii:<'rl,iiiirliHltt>s, wu* illMviiml li) \ il> tlml nl llir |iiiii'Iiiim- nC \Ii*I>h ti (Ik- riiiti-i| Hliili •, il» Mrflrl* mtw •iiliiiihiilnl l-y Kuttinii !■ iri'ni v, ilKpl llrlirili^f'a ^iitit i.|HMt till I ' rill, mill llir i»iiitli>ni'4l i>iiil<'l i-i llir V MO riiitcii* «• liwUrk Mini lut'liiiiit' m, miil irvrriil Iim)«ii|| •tniUiii^ Mpfv I •l.ili|i*i«rit ii|Hiii iu I'iMilt niiil i»laniU l>V llua«ii« In I 'ItH, lUliniii;'* H4'«, «inl« .iii.|ti|H 1*1(11, Mini II. r I'li.liMuU III AUtlil. wrtr r»|>liirrit liy All i'\|Miiti)( • M« till 11,1, 1 111 Itr llMilr, III |7m\, IhII'I, IhI', himI \^'ih, \«l|i(H|Wl illMiiiOlt'-l tlir iii«»l 'I llliliili ('iiliM)iliM III t(!Nt, Mitil II, llto Miiti' yiitr till- (iiluiitliU Itrirr «h* (iilrnl |li«< iilliut liKllxit* •••Mil •tkly«liiif yi4l>. Ill liii-l, till IIiimIjii (tuiriiiiiM'iii Niiiiiliil Hill nulil In lr»f In I7'.i|i, III llirti HiiMtiiii KiiniwTiir I'mil tM«HAlli |iiirnllrt nii itu- AiiKririiii «-Kuiiii(' ivtnirul, uml. il iirn"«»ur), ili<- lnul uini nnval )i>rrr« i>l llii' Knijuri' i>tit iinlcrril in nuinl.'iiii tlirir iuriolirtiun. To tin* imp- mil m-i no |initi*»t \\n* uituK' vtii iIk |i:ui '•! Iil.h III lilt' l;,il< ' III' l|>l|■^(ill iC'l. TIlUH t4''|(U, ut If4i*(, all till- iiulioitx iiinri-ilrii litr riiiliU, l>.i*ri| rn>t ii|ion •liiit'-<|iiartt.-ri o< a unltir). In It'.'i, ii|fon till' I'oniplaint nl llii« Ciiniuiny to llic Kumiaii (!iiv('niimMit thai ilinr tixltlo iiinlcr tlint Cliailii \m \r Im-iii^ liinliiriicit '>y iIk' inl<-ilrri'iii-«' ol |iMrit;ncr*, llic llvr . I'.intM'nir .M<'\anil<-r i'>« •ioininion l>i tlif ''i an iiui«*, uml |llollillilill^ fort-i;;n vchik-U from ii|'|iro.K'liin!; Milliin lOn iiuki III lilt' >liiir< . I i|iii)tr tniin mikI Mnnifott) u« IuIIom* : — " K^-rliiin I, 'I'lir Irnnoiirtioit of roininrix', and llic iiiii>>iiil of wlinliii)( and tinhiiii;. . any ollirr iiidiiHin , on tin iolumU. in the liurlMiiir* ami inlrl>, mnl, in KcnrmI, nil iinn; ilir niiiili>«i'iit«-ri) foaiii III' .VmrriiM, iVoni IWiriir.'** Sirail to ilic .'lUl iwrallrl nf iiiirtlti'rn latiluilc, and likrwi"!- mi Ilir Alcntinn l«luiid>. itnd alonu tlic i'iioIitii rrHiil .> Silxria .md on llir Kindi- lalamli lliiit i*. Iroin lltliriim''* S'.niit to Ihr noiitiim priiiiioniory of tin- l>land nl ''lup, vi/.., iii far tmiili a» lalilndc I'l .'i'>' iiortli— «^ I'^t'liMiivt'ly icucrvrd to xiiliji'i't* ol tin- |{mii>iiiii Kinptriv " S4-t*. '.'. Acx-iirilinuU, no foici);n \i'»i<.'l '*|iull l>i> iiHomiiI rillter to put In ulion' nl iin of llir i'oiikIh iiinl ixlatnU iicidrr Mo>>«ian dontinion, a* it|N'rilii'd in tin' prrccdiiitt M-rlinii, or rtiMi In approai'li llic •atnt- !•> willnii a ili<>taii<'«- of Ii-d« tliaii KHI Italian inilr*. .\ii\ vi-«4K-l I'tinlrHvriiih'.; llii* pnifi«ioii •Imll Im< k<>iu T noiitlii iimI I<> llic lUO>iiiil< iiinit, *i, lluii .Vi'i'i t.iu of Stai , (onrnU'd lli< Imnndary naiiu-«l in tin- CliMtct I'l lite ltu«*iiMi- Aiiiciii-an Coinpuny, vi/., |o tin .'•'itli |uiralli I mi llic inuiil nf tin- Norlt> I'lutlU Onnn, tint iv»i«l4<) tlic iliiiiii of Rii»*iii to ila- nait* litlwnii the .'ilti and .'ijli. I iirnllrU noilli, iiltti tin- rxrlii»iiiii of Anii'ricnii fillip* iVoiii tlic Nmlli Pacific (Htmi), •laliiiu llint " ««illi llx' Kniiiiiuii Scttlcincnlo at Kodiac, nr iil SilLi, tin I'liitiil Sla|c« »m,\ Inirlv cliiiin lln' advaniauc of u lnv liailc, lia\iiiic u\ Ui;,^ i iijoyril il nninidi'ttcd, *i\\ lM'ri,u«r il lian iHcn, and Monld roiiliniii' to Ih', ii* MdvaiiiaKroii* In llntM' Kclllfinonla m In llicm." Mr. ^dntii* aUn Niul, " Il iniiN midirti In nay ilml tin ilitlanir frnni olinrc In itliiiro ul lliK iM-n, in laiilnic .'i| iimtli, i* not lcx>> llunt iHi loiiuilndi, ot t.iKHI tnilri," linriiic ■•«r|||*ivi- nfrlrnci' In llic I'aiillr I li call .\ r.iicliil rxaininalioii of tin- prtitritx It. fnic ini'iitionid and llii' corri-»|Nindciin- m rcfrirncm ihi'iflo, .i' will .m llir 'I'lialii* wlnrli •.. Illi'il llic roiilloVrl*) tlial of |H;/I In-lMccli ItiiMia and llic I inlcd Mulct, aiut llinl ol l^'J.'i ImIhtli I I lon^itndc. In ad llic I'lnli "ti, • urri 'pnndinrc, ncuotiiiliolia, tli<' TicAiiiij llnii' i« iio .dliiKion lo Ikdiniiit'i Sen, tin- Altutiaii l»lnniU, or to any region »l raiMitry or mii miiIiiii I.IMMI niilin ol it* iNnii iii iKiidcr ; licniv tin- hovptcii^iit) a»M'i«liiiiinl ■>> drnirtl. Nl llic liiiH- III iihil \\iwt\ iiPKolialiMK llimt' TrciilM'*, lite IIil;Ii I oiilrHi'linK I'liMcr* Jili kii< w III llic I xiftii nil' of l(< lirinit'* Him, iIi«- Alriilinii Ulund*, llic I'icliilov l»Unil> iSl licor^'c mill hi, I'anl ' willnn Hi liriii|.''ii Nrn, and llic viilnnlilc lid on iImmii aii>l :i. Ilirir •iiiriinniliiiK mhIck, and Ilml llnnc I'liiniiiiiiicd tlic cliud value o| HiiMiji'* |H>»»i'Mi. I'tiurU liiid iH-t'ii piddinlicd Ix'forc and a« railt •a IMI.'i \i\ Kiit^lund and Hii>»ia, .iiii in tin Nniili I'anlii Oit-uii, ut do llii< Ma|M ni IomImVi lU'liiiiiM* S«a Hull U'lnM iHllid tlic Na nl Kami Imlkm. Ill llii>i I'm all! •, tliric i* no alliMinli lo, or miirciiiler n|, Uni>>ia'ii ilnniillini) mi< Ill-Ill MIR '■ Hca Mini till' Ali-ulian i liitin n| itlaiiiU lit c%pr««aioii or iiiIcmm'i'. Kdmi. oiirniHH'n'tl <•; ulMndnnnl Iter claim out) in iIh coiilrol of iIhi Norlli IWilir 0«'«mii ami i<- lln iMMili'Minl iiwiki tii>ii III IcrntDiv urniilril tn u* iii mu |iui('li ■'•t- nl Ala*l>'t, ilinl iU wimlcrn iHiiinilnry iliviiU-K lU'lirinit's .Sm Im'Imci'ii ii> nml Silicriun Uii«»iii, jutti iK'' Hm'! c'iiiiiiiii Ih- '.iii'k <»IiiIIv >Ii-i ii-liin , tlmt Kii> iiM'l till- liiKuii; III ill iiiurilii' lilr, 'I'li llil< i iwl In r ii;i\\ li.ifi l'4ir»ll<'iiiiig, llit- miiic |Hili<.*y mi lui |Mirt iif Bflintii.'» Sfii. Ill ninliriiiiitiiiii III tliiK, 1 i|ti«ui:«t liy the Uumuhi (iovi-ni* 'Milt, :i> liUu lu till- I'ltli Jiiiiimry, |H^'i: - '■ Siihcr. — Al (III iri|iiriit ill llir liK-iil niitliorilicH i(f liclitiiiu' niul ntliiT ikl.'iiiilH, the I itilii'-i^^iirtl lirii-liy iiiitilivii tliiit till' Hiih-iiiii liii|Hriiil (inviTiniii'iit |iiiiiliH|ir«, I'nr uitu-nO kl»o»li, till- Inllottiim: — "I. Witliijiit II ii|Hi-iiil |M-rtMil nr liiiiici' Irniii iIh' ( iiiM'iiiiir>(ii-n(-r.il ut Mimtorii Silirrin, funiuii vi-mm'U .in- imt ulluwcil In nirry nii Iriiiliii',', liiinlnit!, Ii>liiii(;, >V('., mi lite Ku>*iiin I'oiiiit nr ini.iiiilh ill tlic Oklmlxk iiikI l(>'liriiii;'>i Scii", nr on ihr iiorlli-r.iit niii^t nf Ami. '■( u-ilhin ihrir ini lmunilnr\i-ltnr, '' '>. l-'nnii'ii vi'imK Iniiiiil tnitlili;.', liiiiilitiL'. li^liiii.-, .Vi ., ir Kii'-ii.'iti wiilti- »illi(iiil 1 Im'iiiT or |MTiiiii rrtiiii till' < tovicn(-ri«l, niiii iiUn ilntnc |H>iiiik'«iiiii^' ,i Iicmuc nr |itmiil mIio limy iiilriiiKr tin- tixiittiiii^ ltVf'ltiH» mi Ituiiiin.', iilinll Im- iiiniiiK-iiiril. ImiiIi iitxli mill cnri^iMn, lor llir liriii-Hl ol ihi- (>nvrriiiiirt)t. Till*! i-ii.ii-iiiiriit slnill Im' rnlnrt'i-ii liiiiarnrtli, l-•llllllll'll^ill^' Mitli t.li. iH'"'.'. "»«-, «ill rarry uniilnry ilt'lmrliiiH-iiU, iiml Iw |iiiiiiilci| witli |iro|ii*r in»lru('(inii«." Tlii-ri' i« iKitliiiiK iiiiilii((iiiiii» ill till' IniiKUiii^c nf tliin I'riM'liiiiialinii. It iiii'nii» tlinl Kuuia will niliiro: lii-r onvcn-iuiily <>>ir tin «vc>li-rii hallUl IU'liriiii{'ii Sru, williiii lirr " mu !miiiiiliiry.|iii«-." III! rvuHioii ii( Alunkii In till' IJiiiti'ii hliilm li^ l(u«*iii, iitid tint Ivriiia of tliv 'i'rculy UiAklli;; HiU'li I'viiiimi, Mere nt'li LiinMii to nil liiilimiii, \il iin |iriihi>l« nr nlijir<-ti«llM »(-|V' I mIi-, lliiiiiuli It wiiawill iiiiiU'i-liHiil In iniiviy tlii< tilli' In tin- vi.ili'rii ol Hi liriiii.;'* iHM. Mil liil«'«' Sell. lie Mitt imlui- In mil ii.ilinli .mil to III llir tiurlit. Ill rmilirtnaUnii nl uliii-li, I i|iin(u Irmi) tlio rtmurkk ol Mr. < Imrli* Siiiiuicr, I iiairiiiiiii III' till' (niiiiiiillvti on Koniuii AH'iiir* nl the .^rimd- ol' tin- i'litlnl Mal<:«, nl the tnw III till* runmilunilioii of ihr Tn-iity. Mr. Suinui-r 'i.ikI, ii|H'ukii)|| for iln Tn-iiiy ; — "'Till- m'mI,iiIii|iIiiIiIiiii», |lnl^^.lMlnll», .iiiil iiil('||ii;i III ii< llic litHti-i, liun .tl«.i)i iiti|i|>licil iil in bi-nuly ik\A «iilur II i> till' lir«t. Ill lliiti i('«|N«.'l» It litr miii'UkMa llu- rivi'i ainl luml I'liti. iVi-, I lumi' iiow lo llir li*liirii'», tin- IukI lirmi oi lltin iiii|uii>, miil mil iiiUrior In uiiy nllu-r in ini|i>'rl>iiii'«- ; |M-rlii«|>» tin- tiio*t itiiiMirtuiit nl nil. Wluit i \i'ii un utMotlrr •klitii oy tlii- •iii'iii iliiii |ir<>iliiit nl ilii MH, Mil •ill viliil'l' Ml .iiiioiiiit, ttliiili r«'«■ il« lur-lN-Mniiu' tiiiiiiuU, noil likliiiii-i, will' rt'ftunlrd at llitt cliii'l nliicri nl tin' |iur«-|iu»<-, \..uiii, Ml. huiniiirr, in llic toiir>>< ni lim rriiinrko, ••nl ; " 'I'rut I ni«ii|( IW'liiiiix'ii >i'i tiuilHuy Ih-imi'«-ii tin UIuihI nl .Mlu«» mi tin- i-nal iiiiii («|>|ir Uliiliil OH till ni*t, to III! nniltll.lli nl \1'X lant lm>Kilnil<, IrdVii.i,' II r |irnlnn|jril ii|i >il tin AImiIiuii UlitiiH-' III till' |K>»««'*i>iniit nnM lruii»li irt it to till I mini ."'Lltin, 'Uiil iiiHkiiit( tin w«-*|rrii iHniiulnis nl our Dutiiiiliy llii' ilivi«liiif;-liiu' wliirit >• imnilv* Aoin liii4i> .Vtiiurnn '" Mr. KiiMiini r iiKNili miiil . ' ' III till! Alinliiiii lunKr, U'»nl< iiiiiiinuinlilr i»liU iiikI mtkn, ilirn- nii' not li'»« lli.in lilly-liw inliiniU I xntiliii;! 'I iiiiliii in lrii)(ili i ilnii- iii< •! vni iMii'iliii, !•• niili-», « illi ikininink, wliuli i» llir liUKt-»l, r'.H' iliiiK IW niili«. In uut ftnl oj lirhtiHrfit!»ioii ol' the (listin','lic«l St-ii.itor, " Iti imr piirt ol Ik'liriii^'it Soi," ThU, ciiiiiiii;^ iVoin •» lii|{li iiii iiutlmrity, in Iii'ikuiikc ' pliiiti iiml ('\|ilii-it iis not to Rdniii i>r iiii«'i)ii>lniction, (■vinctH tlic iiiti'iitidii aiid iiii)lcrstai)ilini( nt' llic CoiitiiK tin-,' (iuvcm- iiH-iitH, «|jirli »ii» till- |>iirtitiiiii i.f tin- hovrriMu'iil V ol' llif walcrn ol |{i-liritii;\ S*irlioii, Mitli .Silu'riiiu Asiii, tliiil of Kiio^ia, their coiiiliinH trrril(ir> and thorc-hiir!< !tiiin, u.iK II notice to the world of Itussia'ii ri^lit to tniii>>fL*r thii v:diialile niiirihc territory, to winch not even u »n o( nnv niition. if more «vere neetlrd to convinee nn of tlu: ri^htii nnd intt-nliuns of the ih;:li ConlnietHU' I'artien, we have oidy to ivfrr to the eora'<«|iniidein e hetween our llmi Seeretiiry of Slate, .Mr. Sew»rd, nnd our Miuialer .it St, l*clt•r^l>ur^'h. (I'rintcd in cxecutivt ilucuiiientii for the UKe o( (Joii{{re»ii.) Ill .Muy l(1(J7 our MinitltT writoH as IuIIowh : — "Sir. " Your dci.|>utfh Nn. J4l of iIk Ut .\|)ril, I^JiT, iii(l<»in^ the Treaty iK-lwecn Kiimm and .\incrica, eedinu uh idl Ku»:>iiin .Viiifrieii, wiik ihily rccvivcd. I nwnitvd the e* ri-Miiiii of Hurt)|M:iin ami Kusitiiin nentiiiietitit ni ntkrvnee thereto hetort- anHweiiiiK you. "I eon^ratnlale you upon thi-> linlliitnt aehie«( nnnt, which addit ko viiftt it territory to our I'liion. wlioHi' |Mirts, who^e niiuex, whose waters, uIiom- fur<*, wIiom- ti«lierie« nn- ol untold N.due, and wIiom liehU \<>\\\ |iroduie many ^niiiDi ^cveii whciit^, and hecoiiic tlirrr. nftcr, in time, tlic teat of n hearty white |>opulatii>n." AKain, in Noveinher iH(>7, tiiv Ainerieaii Miiiixtcr v,l St, Petemliitr^h, ;;ivii)g .1 dr«eription of ItukNian .Xnieriea, Kuy*, in reference to the .\leutiun UlaiiiU : " 'I'hr .'Miutuiti l^ialuU may •tllniet traiioieiit Iraiiern, tiut no jierniani nt Kcttlern. 'in iiihnliit them one i)iu>il he an .\ieut, and il' it were not for the heit Nuiroiindui:,; the i'.j.iu i-. thiM <'oui)try, oAini: to il^ iiiilavouratile cliuiutie cuiiditioiis uiid tlie itleritity of iln ^ruuiol, would have never Im en ndialiited ul all," l''n)ni the lir«t cxtriiet, it will he oh«erved that the .\meriL'.tn (iovi-rmnent rxcrcitfi raution iHifort- rond'uhn^' the Tnuty, nnd uw.iiieil the e\pre)o>iiiii of Kuro|MMn .lentiiiieiit* in reference to the hitine. ItH aetM were open and Irec to criticiMii, and the l,ist (piululiou i* eoiiclu^ive (III the point that our(M> <'riimenl liilly comprehended tin value ol (he wnler* of Itehiinu''" -Sea, .ind lor liiin reiiMin mainly wan tin piircha'.e made. iiad il lieeii undei^tiMul th.it the waterH of ilehrin^'ii .'lia«e at tin price of 7,'.'(Hl.(M)l) dolliir». In anv ntlirr view (if the eai>e it wiiidd have lieen ali^urd, hut, on the contrary, it wan ki.owii ilut KuNsia did, Irom the lime ol iu iji^eovery, cimlrnl thexe waterit, and tiutt she had evrt aMterted her title nnd maintained her (loininioii liy cmiiin^; her shipH of w.ir to pitral thcin. It i» iidmilted on all siih i* thil wlutteser tilh Uui>t>i.t had at the date of the truii»li'r of the territory we aci|uiieil and *till po»itevH, and tlic I'niled Stati'H Itein^ in |Hi»itetiiiouaiiil cluimiii;; inviieriihip, our n^lit munt he <'oneeded uiilil it in cxtuhliHhed that our gruiilur, UuKxia, had no title to thi» turitoiy, or that "he did not muintaiii dominion over il, «liicl', 1 ap|irchend, cannot lie >uccc>»l'ull) accompliithcd. There wii» no roiii calment of thiit Treaty or iln pnrpone, llumia divideil lur IHMteittioiiH ol llehring'it Sen with uk in the |)iefH.M)L'v of all nalioni, to wliich tlierv wiu iiu n-moiiktrnnee on the part of any of thciii. Hy an Act of Coii^'ifkit, approved an early M the 27tli July, iHttM, it i* provided: "The LitwH ot th( United SiatcH relatintf to cmitoniH, rommerer, nnd imvi|{nliiiii m- rxtended to and over all the mainland, i-ianiU, and waterH of the territory ceded to the L'liiled Sillies hy tlie limperor ol Kuxxi.i." It also pioMilen Ihat (see Kevued Sluti In, M-elion I'J.'ih) "no perKon hhall kill any fur-nenl or otiur fur>hearinj; .mimaU within 1! ' limiti* of Ahinka teinloiy, or in the walerK ihereof." In IHSI, il ci mini; to the knowledge ol the liiited Stales' ( iovernment for the ;inl time thai unauthoiucd persoiiN were illegally tailing neiU in Abakan waten*. the SenUr^ ol l!ie Treiihury (au-rd to he puhlithed u notice to iidl that the l^w prohihitin); the killiai; uf ^cuU in Ala>kun waters would bu enforced a^oir.tl all comor*, and ili peiialtKi> I" .-VIA indu li'l (CniiKiTSH liaviii^ made pmviiinn tn ci|ui|) tlic vcHHrU uf the Kcvrntie Marine for iliut |iur|N^He) ; sinre wliioli time thiii notice ImH Im-cii ycnrlr published, and to-day, both ihii und the KiiHiiian (Suveriiiiicntit nrc protrctiri^ their rrH|)cctive doininionH in the watera f lUlirine'ii Sea, nit thev ever have done, from all iinuntliori/ed ci'jmerit. it iiiii(ht Im< inlere«tin(; In continue (lie liiittory of the li [.'iiilatiun of ConKn s., on till, kulijeei, and ntct^rtiiin ii|">n what farts it hased its lute action, the riercisity for !>|iucc will 1.1)1 |icfnnt. Siirtice it to nay, {'imifreMi had entire euiilidence in our title, the justice ,( o'.ir cnuHi, our ahdity to maintain our riuhtH, and believed thnt not to have tnuintaiiicd ihuM' n\fUl» would have been unwiM>, lienoith the dignity of the nation, and even craven. III. hmurt; 2 in No. 24.'). Kxlratl frnm Ihf " Sew York Kirnimj Pn»i " of October IB, 1»8». 'fur. ItKMRIXn'.i SK.V ',»'.E«TrnM. A Rfplii lo ('otiijreDiman Frllon. To the Kditnr of the " KveninfX l'o«t." Sir, Salem, Sin**,, Oetolirr fi. '! UK llonouralile C'lmrleH N. Felton piddiohed in the .'san FnineiHco ■' .Xr^onaut " of till' r.'th .\u;.;u«t l:is( an attempt at a vindication ol riur 'ci/urcK of lorciu'n ••ealin^'-\c«Kelit n ibat part of I lie I'arilic called Itrlirinii'it Sen, and he savK iil it that it iit a Klatenieiit of thv facts. Mr, Felton Ma« n ineinlHr nf the hint (onurcAn, and aluo a nicnd>er ol the Conftri'iiee l^onimittec which had to ( 'iiproinikc the difference iM'lweeii Senate and ilovLw vor our Inst very fapient piece ol !< -inlation coiicerniiiR the waK-rs of Alaska. Tho t«i»itiiiV('i>niit with the >-ubiect, a b< lief probaldy itliarcd by many wlio are thcmselveH :rminiiit of it, and who will thcicrnii' accept hit ''slat> ineiit ul the factH " an lelinlde and (Kffpftly cuncluHivc, Tlicrc aie, however, othrrn, and ihcv are not few in number, whose invcstiifatiuiiH of tii'n (pic*tion have |iroved to ihcni that the facts connecicd ihcn'witli .iic diaiii> tiically (1)|Ni«4'd (o those alleued by Mr. Felton. and who Imvc cunHeipienlly arrived at an riitirely Oif!ifr«i;i conelnsiiin. Ml. Kclton's pica iH not luw in ilxelf, and it dtx's not |,;.iiii by liiH wav of statinc ■'• '•hicli IS coiifuHcd and olteii unintelligible. 'Ihc line of urguii'.i'iitatton followed \s that 'i,% torccd ii|Hin the H|MTial |deadcrit in vindicntion of lhcM> Kci/urcs, hy the fact that the 'iid'iy oriuinnlly advanced, of llchringV Sea heini; by international law a i ioned sea, has twn tciii thoriiUKlily e\| h»lcd tn leave it available any longer. They therefore try lo r.'ic tlinl if it in not a clowcd m-a hy international Imr, it in a cluHcd sea liy inteniulunial I iMirirrncr ' .\nk.t ' oniiMrit'iiil (iinipany i« " pinlccled " as tar as |Missilile, In order lliut your readeis :iiay ihaily uiidcr»tand the pointit ul issur between the i^triidem of the lU'i/uris and those who iiiiidemii them, let ine summarixe lluse pointii. The hypolbcsi* < I the difeiidi is is, thut in sctlliiiL: ihe ciMilnivcrsy arisiiij; >'Ul of Kuiti.t's pirleiisions of l^'.'l, a disci iiniiinlioii was m.ide iN-tween I'acilic Ocean and Minim'. Sea; that while the liiuh si-as (all outside ol tin- ciislomary ;Uiiiile shoic belt) ' Ihc I'rtcilii were !|cclai'.'il Ine tu ul) the coiileslanis, the hi^;li »eas uf lithriiig's .Sea "ii 'xkiiowlrdued lo In- under Uu»>i>i'» "exclusive dominion; that this exclumve •tiiiniiin WIS ncer iteiiied nor ipie»tiumd by anv I'owei, was .ilways maintained by '•iHiH, and linalK was made over by her to ut, so lur as il eoiutrned our pint ol Kcliiing's '-'; ihal coniM'ipiently mir title to such dominion i* iiiiinipea< liable. the aiguuient of the iipp-iiienls nf Mixurcs, on the otbcr bund, is that there wu^t no '''ifiiiiinution made iN'lweeii tbe I'acilic and Hehnng's Sea, and that there was no c.dl nor It)' lor anVi a* they are Mleiitical in ull that c^initlitules eilher uii ii|h-ii oi a t lustd •ea. [I I'M J' :• Y J\4fi fhc only two kinds of ncu whirli intcrnntionul iisncro nn<\ \n\v rcco'^nizo; tlinf. the ahscnrt of tlw ti'rnt " Uflirinij's Sen" from ;ill flu- docunirnts is |nif«'cfly nnf iirni, bccnusc thai niinir i« of 'iinrc inndrrn ori'^in than the date of fhom' piipTs and licrnn-tc thf |mrtie, wliicli did not include tl'.c iiiiiiu" '• Hidirinij't Sea ;" that nil tin watci'* (if the |irc*i'nt llfhrint;'-* Hc.i were tlii-n, and 'in\v an-, c(]n>-idcre'd l»y all iiiitliorilirs on ici"o;:r,i]diy as lii'lnn-^in r to, and foruiiuL; part of, tlic Pacific Ocean; that i'O'Hi'cjtirntJv the xtipuliitions of tlie 'IVcatie* of \i*'l\ and \^'I'>, declining; fi'-edciin of iinvisntion and fishery ill any part of the Pacific, appiv to every pnt of ll>luin'.'*s Sen, and are hindinirnn all the iiiilioiis which signed tllc^e Treatif*; that Hiis^^ia ni'wr alter the dale of th(»t 'I'reatic"* as>crled m elaiined any juriHdictioii over l'( hriiii;'-' Sea, and never alterwunii mterlercd with the (ishiie.' l)y tin- vc-'.i U of utlier natiuiis in its waters ; and last, hut iHit least, that lliissia nrrrr cnhtl nor prrl'-iKlrd In n-ilr In i/v »/«i/ >fii nr ilomininn nf anv kiml nrrr iinii sni ir':iil>nrrrr. Till- di-fenders ot the seizures do not produce, or oven iille};e that there exists, any direct dnciiiiKntai V ])ro^'f of ihc prcliiiiled di criniinatioii Iirtwceti I'aeilie Oiraii nnd lii'lirini:'* Sea. or of any achno'.viedL;.in nt, in I'vprcss terms, of Kiis^ia'-. exeliisive diMniiiion. Neither do thcv ntfer any reason for this discriMiin ttion tliis inakiiv,; tixh id' one and funl of the other, -no:' do tliev sluiw iny oliject that was tn he !;ained hy ns hy this aijaiulon- iiieiit of our riKhts under interiialionid law to the tree u»e of Hehriie^'s Sen. Per fontrn. the oppiiiii'iits do hrinu ample ;:"! fishery was tri-ated us eoneernini:' the whole of the i'aeitie, without (iiscriniiiuition twtwecn '!• difTi'rent parts.) (P. 'J\i).) S»-en-tHry Adams' letter, .luly •_'•_', 182.'», to our Minister at St. Pi-terslnirji, siimniari/.es the Russian claim as extending; to "an exidusive Icriitorial jurisdiction from the -l.'ith de}:r<'e of north latitieie, mi tl c .Adiiatii- coa^l, to the latitude ot' .1 1 north, on the western coast ol the American ('luitiiicnl , and ihey as-ume the riu'h' of interdictini; the navigation and the fi hcry of all other nations to the extent ot ll>U milen frniu thi whol(? of that «-oast." " The United State- ean adtnit nn jiiirl of ihcsr claim-." (P. 211.) Hiir Minister at St. Petershur;,',! to Secniiry .\dams. April 19. IR24. Ileport on the .Minutes ol' the Cont'erenct prtK-v'e(liii>;, : •• Tliat I must no« I'nuikly (I'll them [the |{us>i,in .Mmistersj that my insiructions rcipiircd that I should ohiain two |H)inl« nti neecsHary conditions to the tliiid ohjeet contemplated hv the project ol Convention: (I) thr irintiilinii, eith.'r spontaneous or i)\ ('onvi ntlon, nl thi- miirilinir nroi'i.viOH» nf '*' l.'kiisr nj Si'iilfiiiliri- ■{ (Id), IM'JI ; (2) the adoption of till! Commercial principle (or soiii' • thill'.; similar^ ayriTd upon heiwcen the I'nited Slatis and (ireai Britain in their f'onvcn tioii of |M|.H, in nIatiMii to iImsc coasts ; (.'D that, llicsc preliminaries hiiiii; nettle*!, « territorial delimitation for .settlemeiith at A.'i iuii;ht l>e agreed upon." (In supjHirt ol the assertion that all the waters ot the present liehrinif's Sen were, :il the time of the Treaties and since. oHicially recuuni7.(*d as lieloiii^ini; to the Pacific.) (P. 'JlXi.) Uussiiin Minister at \Va«hiimtoii to Secretary Adams, rehruary 'iM, IH'j'i - " I oii(;ht, in the ias| | l.ice, to ropiest you to ioiisid<-r. sir. that llie Kunsiaii ptisHCssioiis i» l/ir I'lirijie Oieiin extend, on the north-west coast of .\meriiM, from liehriiii;'s Strait tii thi ^ I si deitree of north latitude, and mi the opposite side ol .Asia and (he isliiiid» adjiicent, from the «ainc otrait to the 4.ith dej^rcc." (Thia iiichidcH every part of the prescmt Mehrimj's Sea.) (P. "il^*.) Treaty of Ccs-ion, '.'ntli .Inne, \si]~. IaxsI clause ol Article I, statin;; wciitern limit of the cession :",,.. so us to pass midway hetwcen the Inland ol Atliiu and the ( djiper Ishi'i'l of the KoinandorHki couplet or u'toup in the Snilh I'nri*^ Orriin , . . ." (Atton lies in .'12" UT, and Coppci Island m .M 'Mt' to 51 .').'» nonli, or nboiii |iHI milcM more northerly than the Aleutian Island ol' .Attou. and there is no chain iil islands lictwecu Copper Island and our const-line from nehrini.''s *"lrail to the Koutli end of >he Peninsula of Alaska, nothing to set oil that portion ol the Pacific in which ('i)|i{Kr ishuul is thus otiieially statee.>-, &c., upon the coast mentioned in tiie preceding Article. (In support of the assertion that Russia ceded to the United Stales no ! .-a, and no ijiiiiiiiiion over any sea.) (!'. 247.) 'IVeaty of Cession. •2i»th .June, 1807 -.— Ailic'c I. Russia agrees to cede "'all the territory and dominion now ponsesscd hy lii« said Majtsly o;i tlir rmiliiifiil iif Aiiirrirn and In llir iidjiirnil i.i/iinils, the ^nuw hvh\» ciintaiiii (1 within llu- icco^r.iphical limits herein set fiirth. to wit : The ciistern limit is the lint' ol(l< marcation hettveeii the Russian and the Rritisii possessions in North ,\meriea .... [the rietails are omited lure as irrelevant, thi-< line not touching Melirinjt's Sea .it anv point]. The western limit within which the territories and dominions conveyed arc ((iiiliiiiie till' nu-ridiaii of 1 9'?° wet longiliide, so as to include in the territory conveyed the "ii.il of the Aleutian I.lic liui!ilin, fortification-.. Iiariaeks, and other editices which are not private individual jiriipeily." The rest of I hi' provisions reler to churches and to puhlie orclr"cs. Article III ivfcrs to the rii^ht-- of the inhahitants. Arlich- W referu to the a[)pointm( nt of aijcnts lor the transfer of the territory iiikI prii|i(rly ceded. Article V refers to the cxchnnjre of nititication. Article VI says .... tin cession of territory !ind dominion herein " made i.s herehy ili'clareil to lie tree and uiiencumhered hy any reservations, privileiics, iVanehises, i;rHnts, or [KMi'ssionH by any associated Couipanies, whether corporate or incor|)orale, Russian or any iilnr. or hy any parties, except menly private individual property-holilers ; and the a-«*i()ii hereiiy made conveys all the rii;hts, franchises, and privileges now helon);ing to KuD.sia in the mill territory or dominion, and appurtennnecs tiiereto." Nu MM or dominion over any sea iii among the things enumerated its ceded. No (luiiiiiiiun over an opi-n sea like Hehrinj;'s .Sen eoidd he claimed as a riiiht ceded under .Vrticlr VI, hecause Russia has limited these ri^dits to such as heluni; to her, in thf said imilurij or dominioit iiml ii/ipurlciiiinrrii Ihrftn, and dominion over an open .sea is not a 'iijht attaching to territory, nor is such a sea an nfiiiuilninnri' to territory. .Mr. I'ellun tells us that had it lieeii understood that the waters of lk'liriii;;'s Sea iiid its " marine lile wen- live to the * lisherinen of all nations inrlniliin/ ««/•«' (.m'(|, there xjuld have heeii no incentive on ilie part o| our (■overnmenl for its purchase at the iiiiee 'f ",'JI)(),(J()() dollars. In any other view of the lase, it would have lieeii alisiinl . . .' 'I'liat is, ot course, a mutter of opinion, and on it sotne may prefer the jti. lament of nun like Soeretary Sewaril and Senator Sum.ier to that ol .Mr. Kelton. Hut what is sme a, lliul these geiitleiiHn would have lett nothing at loose tiids. They were the prime ^luvi't^ on our side in the transaction, and it they had tlmught that our h.irgain " iiichidt il allu^ive dominion over lUhrin^'M Sea," they would have had express stijiulations to tiwt itlect inserted in the Treaty, just as .'secret ar) Seward is kiio'.sn to have insisted on llic iiihcrtion of the claute in Article VI (cited aliuve) that "the territory was free and wii'iicuinhered," &c. Now let me say a few words in 'iU|)port of my charges u^aiiisl .Mr. Fettoii and his Ivllow -advocate* of the seizurct of inaiiufucture ol" evidence, of .vi./i/jrr.v.v/o vni, and [1 28 J Y -4 *«ct> U^ » 4 MMHSllI •4 A ta- li i( >iiiWPil t|<«uM»lt»>. ••! ^rtft* I •>/ III I !,'» •«. at »<««|lMt»^. • .1'- V»ttl(< i. It« I ll«t UHit- •«««.l t «> 11 II Ma«t4»IM«>'l k- H IIW4M U« • M w* liw itN^pipMiBi^'lMiMl*. 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J i '.4<44 Im tm -it .< !•• ,U MiM»«MM> «4 MMit ^i >M«M>< •>* fMfli, rt NMI| l« l|4t*y>4, k<*l H IIMMMi' r.4iM«l) %tt4 tHMMf H HkMtt IKl Im »r<«UH>4*«l li.*l *• Ik' ^1' ■ •*« 1 t||iM«v< .'. > •>|<4Im44> » < ll nil ' tlw a-Mkl, ^ . ^ u*>i| M|»^ ll«-' tki»ft«*#') Am*, «i.4 • M M|MMI 4M|| «•'. HUlMMt « «rf ^« l«t|IMi^ U I' miMII? MAVWIHk ll«> V«fc 4Mr Ji Nuiti^ »• i4< MMf*w y t<> l <>»»t ||l«»««*l « 4UU I- It k IIk »^4«4. -J 4ii-4.«. ♦I «f*»an<^» i : > ■ " il Iwnc Ml llw l4>lii nMMMit H. • • ; lit «fl WiMik («!(•« 4 •! IFW IMMM Vix '44 I'm i» •4 llw V**i^kt4 !• ••* -4 ti.- I 1 i i„ ,4 t^wfc *t » m ,, .1 ^4ut} vk»i». «!*« rM(<«l M4*t«t M*t4 Hi»M>* UtAmv liMrlM, tM4 f>«Mte««l|t t««l, ««t«M t Ha* mm X* l*M »I;mm4|Im<44. I . 4*4 IH*t> k tM»l U«I0,M IIU tfUtwl* tM lkk»««4»' lu lit* StUtwi* «»lk-«t l*»MkA' ^-'t ,J tU* > • l>f I I f lltMl ■ 4*-^, bM4 Ml <«lr«<4^ltliMI| mI lb* li|kll .4 ttM I »rf«4 IN««*<> ll t»tl^t'4. |IN«Nh:««, « ,,i^f •<«• nktwii «*i( i*««i»» .>.! «•««•« f k»»4 Ik«>s< t»|»«r4>>i M.'t aM*!) I»as4 ^mmh Ini»« >M^k(tww u< t>«* r Mw^Mtifi Um*t^M*m '-^ k*i« a* '^afwlMi >#*•*»« I m *MMM MM'* «<( «!<> MutM t l^t I «*• IMi4 ••«#< <<4 1 «»M A* , <**M«f t>MM(4vt<> (tMh IM tt»t «•'. tlw M •.'"*(< I I «-»««(»'' • rt I- (iit tMkMt«'i4>4» tt»*4 •> •«»t»^ »i .«♦»«» ' M >- M*4 M *m ' -4 » fHjr»-«i»*l»» f |< ••■*» '".- , -if ,- .4..- ,» i«Jtl«4. Wm) ll^4^ «-., - - -,-- ■-* »».'%*»4-. »^-_.- .!•«» Mi nUtm tMf»*'»*»4 U* (w«i>«i((tMW. 1*4 Im «-»»l iImi li* i*m.* 4 >l. , V ■ , r.1 * J »«li|»ll ♦**.#. .i IIn < -, M >««, tmi M> t«ar««M««IM«tl Im Ait i4ImiI IMlt'WH >•• «4l|» t H-«' i4 4l*m, |k»«4 U««« ill iiin K |m ifVaHltmt ^ft%ii lit| - ' ■ t -t- f-ti^ M l«> ' - ^ >1Mk l« ti* "til 14 lk» I refill) w , ,, >w wl IM ow 4 .■„ f- •.»•« U • -mt^ l*ii«i 4«l« •»«» •! i HM<«IM WMwIi l*^'v |4*w«. km » '« ••M I* MM o^pM t M llaw %* fi$m>tk ■mmfitfHtimn, t( .•> •»<.<-^ • •■ -«£| l<« Mfii«<4 «l. >m frM »««t It... > '0*«Mftl iiowU •"'I <*»»!• itiM H**'^' ' ' "O*^ I'*' •"**<' ^4 f«« Ml tlw UIh< '« lUyi » »4 Iw ||j< i«l44ll>« •< * f . U *.jv I".' <>•)•»«') ; |l« ••• •»<"! • t, 't »««• < I mi lh*4 *lt wiiifM Ik< atiM^I <• - . ^i-.,. -i-^-^ ..;M|t'* *-•. - .-- IH^ lln i««ii •*! «»mH l«ii«Mtl| •• ). «m4 Im mt«04ntU4 • >44»** 4i«m« i« M «II ( >>: Hfc^t 4fli; )M«i<»«' t •-« l«« 4M4MWM HI VH «4ffT««Mii4 M « «M« I l-r li« »**». «l HMli • Iii4«l4«i •« »• lOt' "" * ^1 *l' M***** »H«>4| II^IUH fAI IH IkHltl. Alt N», til. (i«M(«Hv«w, f»ff,^« (»:<)»« *v\fv'|«^ «|it«i i«^ l».«i4lW t«itit lit Ih* H|M* Ml *«h( »»*!» «l4tMf («Aw«»«ii^4« «Wtet« Mtrflll l»« •«! 4MM<«ll<« IM tu«i»^ltl«y iM MHb««I4 VMlM !>•<• f>«> •<4l^»l><«l it IIm «i*n(imI |HtUk ■ 1.4 |'«««l kj!i i*ii««« iW i«»*«i«» t¥A« ti«>'i*4«t«i^>« ^« ««« tWW ««. If tmt •Mil M*I4«1M« l« IM dHMlt !,«« JlWi |»»»*»«jl IMt!7f« %*#•««*»' iSl, t~^<'> Mtfll t«ii<-«««^.> ttili r*c«M U-'i I < JIH*nU»*>^«li 1'^ llM'^wk i-> fill • %l HMkI ' M » »«-|t "? • *in*M.~*Mn4 «•> llw e«lfiii •! i||i y»>|iiiini< fUBw mmt nm «» (H tW^^M-i t Pi* I «IH !• l«i|«N»l l*< K4:i U< 1^4. IMiMi*^. .\>Ot»M«l*l4 i.ifv«(lh, ii»M*^i >v J Hi it inr; llMlMMri* il Mt kd !ilu (^«»Mt»«» t* 1*411 mil lit fV>i»a«U, .V««riia4M 4k . M!>*l«tt M«l« t «kl Im |<*H««««U Wil^mtl i«M U4l «> ..i LI. » .4 1,^ lU AUii* < < i I t«a* «• «« IM» lltMlli tMtwfVW^ ^IPM* (MMilIMM Itit I'mKvcI IN*IM tM IIWMMf H«l t^ ItiilMa I ' .it wottoni.wimHit {|i« ii««iNi mI I>'«w t(<»M , li«4 * mtrntfuif ■"". IwO mlmi> mo xpm ^mAf lK«f |m«4 f«i*»'t «ii»«« IM w«i "Im«|I<«»|" iI«m»»« i'»»-- '-'• ■■ '. -N«, Vi t-*i Nib i u i r-4* li.' «llt>4r ^ ** • ttlt' 4l|Mkll »I«>H« tinf ||«llit«« {^IVIltMratM ih\ TIk MuiiMcr luMlHri itUiofwi llwl iM* Minitlr n< ( •xmril i«lk«l «IUiiitt MMill Mini. IHM' 1)1 Itll llf ill* H4|l (Iriuk ll ImiI, 4llt| IImI tl It |.itl Ulwtl IImI INm iiirlliiiKti air »i< iW-iIim* liii' mi MlUffitl III Ihf Mill ^llnul* I'M iitiiHil li »• iUiiiH|>illlii|| Mult III diioiii nl iw riiiiv«t Huift' riiiMiu »li«i ninlii (Mini liHi«> In iMMi »iiji>v ih«' |iriM.«||i ul M,«li«tf >. iVtl.ili.lf UUii4* li»< Milii^Ur tiiliiMll* lli» MiitwiMlrtl iH-i Umlloti* himI •IaIumhI* iii (uitiiiift i4 i>,> virM* rviiii i»c>| III iIhi I|iiimI# aUiv* rwli iittl In . itx \ »iv *» Itittxti* . A|>|ivfi>lti Nil |. Malrii rill |ifv|M»» 4t |>iiiiii(it lit Mfllltli •.>li)«il> Ul ll>r lUlillliil • Hi-ai \|>|>4|iiliii Su 1 N«ili Mill i.riUi^lMNi ••< I '41I \ i >■••'') !■• rn t>li till' kUi«||lll< I <•! «W' in.UINi M«li mI HtilHii IiUikI lijr Mw iii« mI lln hImnmkI "Iaimi, ' •< i*.tlilf«r>H-| i^ l> Al«tib* I ••«•••«»< OMI ('«M4I|MII) TIm Mtiiiti'i •ImIc« IImI It Hill Ic well iImI ihv ArtI \|i|irtiill», iti mhtili t^iv itiAin. ll»IHl<«> tt» I lllit IIhii ll|MM|M<|it III ik IaiI, (llllt U'ltik ••III III! |>iiill|«il| l4ktli III I' J^llliUU ••/ I IIMI 4 ll •! lilt lull JliU, |H«n, l);«l lilt ikl^UntllM . «IUI« ••( ll.l a>4»te4 klllilli« X ol* \>) HI*.*!* Mini li|f«i«ii* l>»* Ihtii iKMlIt DKHlfdiilol It) IIm I iiilcti ^tt4. milkmilKi a til) tiiMll |Hit ii|a'r«liaii» i 14(1141 lull t«.4lri« III lilt IWIiMiiif • hm Hit- »tl It) U ill Mllllitlllt Ml IU|4lll ■•• 4 I tl4l> hili Willi |H||< 4i> Idikt !• Ill tfttllV ftUllI -lIlM'll ll« II 4tU 4|<|'l>l llillll.) ill) Iblnitlf t ha4, 1^. i»>Ml>M*l »«l lt( Ml» li»«illi>IM« III I Iff H* lilt If A|i(«imII% Su y Iu«I« itllM||tlU»i lU lUi tiMlttf) «i tc»li iMul Illicit «i«t| 10 |«4l|i, mil l> lUo'i* I •«W|tMi> itt li»t Im kli it. ttti it|>inMliiii|ly Im4 lltt IMt|:Mllllilll«l< tUlifWU't »lk9»«'-M ll l^t i«ltl I III V|i|ih(|i| t<( \l#|i|« «tili t.iiiiiut It lU ii|l4lii ' IIm iMiiiill <*i ;\|iuiImIi» hi*. I, III llw wi^^Mii •■( Ike Alit>li« ( itiitiwvitMil riMii)i«iiy •! HwINn I MiMlfl lr«M III iImtwi 'Mxtt HwMl«, ti< ••tilmih hihI IIMlli»-|i«(l|ll|>^ 4 ■>. 'ttlC •!> ul lU •'. 4lllt|«IM„ lltlcfUtl III lllC Nm|II> i' Alw«li4 r "I III' )4<*«'i •««l«r» )ii ill! Iklitik|i » >h«i, 11 ilf>it 4|iia|t'll««t .if IImi liklti I'M il>« |il4t i«i |i«Mt«« i»ii«t mill IIm Ut^c |>MI*M'I* l«< HnUll III llii >t|W I itiMli>a >li IM Mlaitt Htl>Mll f • KiMtMit'lKl llt«l ||ti««( lt«»w4ltM* «' Itltltlll )•• ||4| • ,|l| M l>|l) t«»IMl| III ll»I Hllflll Iill4lll,|t|w|j 1.4 I iitillltii. itHl IImI -• ll<|>) ll" 4lMl l^ifaMtlsil *•■ III' lllgh t HMWlMMtltM tm «i lllflMMMtiiittt %ll alitcli t> li >)irrltutt> tulmiltUi) U>t wmi f.tirllt iti ) • i«M4*>t^ (lll|IMill JNMtk I Mtilfctk «v«vi hm9 tWw tlMiM) "( l»ii I « J Jl itllMth kla»lltt«)« llvi« ^Mlt AUfl •L..4 trilllt «l 4 mU^f "t U'tW III l«> I '• {I hIi I |<«4 '*i» Ht|*| til Iki^iU |«L»ati|<4> IM* jikM i^i'f ••«•'• i4kl> Mtikit «|*',«t >4«*' I iw>«t't •><(■ * -"'-a xiuii allk Imi V'«tlf HIMjJU fc^f I k«l» IwiH IIm** )<«•• IlKMtNli M'lalt «««(l«' |Wtl*( IciM 4tHl tM Ib-kliH* > t*m lit |IM>; | ««*uM iiiwt k» >««ili«^nitii>«u4»rf ' lUmoiHt..' m IMM <4t iV' Vl««' iMiil th IM'J •« ll«Mt«l \Ui HnuiMiilt U Ob li >*<>Mi«« viMwl I W «• | llv IWIi|tl»#'> 1»>« *»llll IH Jul* '^•••1 Ud lU' WI4 ll»' Ullal yidl .ji |«t VII "4 fMill^ In fW|4«»ut»)| I |ii>|4 iktt Mo*' •'"'• 1^ tl>iwMi|l< l< < M< iHilwIt. Altai MMI'lwi'l t I ll^ l'utl»4.| ll|»l«> aillMI llt«i« lu I*** Um ttt*M»'l» i ttir«*t«li MCtds |«Imi«> MmI \u,l%k} *iM*». in llw ••<> iM«4 !!«>•'• IIh' liwMil* ■<•» ^il aMl't, (,mli,: il>'<.tj«lt« «.• |l>-^ iltA- I '••■■' 'kMvl |.) IIm •»"■*• r. i|«l|«Mi>«l liMKtiKit «»«t i«t|iI<||4«4 •(**« •«!•,.> flH- ,^w»lill IKM^ l<4 JalitI m IMl "H«» Mlf ««|l|!. M;>'l •»«! tl<'44 «!»> IM*>ta «il « U*t litM^V. ( (•w htlii>.Ui» MMol tl»r. ItAir !••• 'II .Ion . «:. I KM tUimI Miti I». ««»i««llMIH |m IImi tiiiriMi « Jttol |ii««M«»M i-l «!•< >*mI *i;».t (iw .lA.alHk'i*! -4 tl»" a«iii<. Ml M«4 ««MI I k'^4 ctoMl Itn) iim«U !>• i^ltltew •>•>• xaml*! i i*tW«( «•• i^lilHlt *l'i»m t.a«Nl> ««* niM. a -m btikul. •'« MMMMiInt i-vt «kt»il «ll>«|i>vt lu »••) •»< xtfl Mwl I i«i<4 "Itt •'ill *l»i II.1M •i«-M| alig(> lllw J|*«| I 1^4 llil 411^1 UttH "»l)l •kMV I k4.t ,4 lfc»»» all l»i» 4»!l tN |MT I ^"4 !«•• toMlvi %4 k*« Mikli »t>»\ *t>.4|Hi 4 l>iNI A«4 04 •••• Mlw |^'«»9> tM •iiImi ^I iUmi maI |(w| |I«|ii«« M Mr t| 4Miit« •>.wM>iMil |m>UjiM< a ,i,h U" t^i*U «i*»u>»lr« '«• tlw ' Vl«* in I4MI4I jju* ..«|.| MM! ii>i*t>, *l*.| ^mI <4,l Hh* >«««•«) >i \>t lilo hk-luMl w<4 Ilk |b ( Ml I tk«tv iw i»i« tiw4 u«4' Ml* I rlrl t»wM • l»M*l»' M»l ailk * f-*»p •>'•* li •*>!> "4 iiilb liK^il»ji IM iIm «h«w4| biiW Ikwil i-«wJM»I 41* fcl»ii*l«l •■.••I1H«I|< •»<*«• »'"*•* (aifiwil^ UlM IMVIM<>« l^'«'«a», MinHtk i\4mmim, 4^«uf U. Iiuro, >•• 4 KMtlUt aitttWnli l k«< I lit*t* s.-atwi'l t« lf«llfc i*l»il t- iu-u««^ Ik'N wlllri) c««|iriii|F*«l **> llw •b*!' '•'I* »i*l>lat' l«>t«l)» •'• M *•'•><> «M .t4wiw)i»'«4 iiH«li«ii,-t<)i.Mt}*ifii *l'». I U*!*' .^tMialh (^•li).« (»• |M>' .»».| linllFw l»M p'xl< I *M i-ttl hIm'H I l««>ll» I.>|M««* *> aiBtl •*• •••••• aMl «JM4>«)Hi«« •iMliwI) |l>ili«l« ItXtttfl' w*" il**!* Ilwlkl* a.i«(l>lnt, (I*** .iw. M«..| uktl, itiku iwk ••filiiMit Xtnk, tln't Kitb imi» Itrftlt «tA*i *i»'l •!•■•( ifhiiri t»it ,4 Itw l«i«< M«*fc«' Hs'tlt ••!> 4|i|ii«iMtla'>l l') Ibt I.i4>. «»i»i>|. •«• |l> atUi |l«>|W«i»||y mckIi U» l«fc«>lt till" »il»e« »4r»|" i"«|«»M|I» t » »-. *W ll»H -f—t 0% «l(t>H> llt^K < t|4n*l . I«H*^' * • * ' ' *••* •" "• •*»''* ♦"■"• '•* » I > liMwIjI kw * >»>tt liwi tttik*' *«»l it •<««> t«*|«< M >• U^I>llt ■• ««iih)>''t ••< <>4> i4M lif »|»M> bttWIxi |i«4wl4| )••« ««t lu !•• «•< kklbol «iil« »ilb> abk^h u i)»<«M«llt l-Vlti.» «|, « |u«|^ |IM^ >"'l»t« -Itlklt itx •»«»» t>4 Il<*l|llll4 l«»H«««»* »•»'•• II" t»»M«N» •W»j«l' •»«p| («M»i.|» i Wk4ni»tf» »)«»|ia*4 M» *iki'<«l 4|li«{)4 ilil"* •» •»••• lu ■■«* •'" IW**' •••ls#» ••■I *|it wlilk** I''-" ft^iltt' aid itlkllt *| |w»| «t llwtl Ulklt Itwit^ («»|H «iw «4Ul l'« «« ti.M )«•< liki I4»*ll > 4iv«lt x <<« |r»| Ih |NM itI'U 4liiNt«|. !•• tit kiMl «t Ik.l ll»«4l»« HmHM> »>» « >«ll • |>^ 4U-.i *■ ■ bUttf. aHb <-^ ••< ibl«» li>"i>-i> wl'44 tl. ««lk «!>„' si| ><•*': l« lb> >in«i aM 4«.i li^ '•.^ti»4-4>>.| »| TT» IWili'l. v*.»l*M •• ■-»' •11 |mI»*i« |Ii«m al>ll4 btlUKii M) ii|«l» villi ablU liaiiUi »• f*'4 •■ 4»t.|iiii«. it. '' <".««' laM ll>"*i ••-*« I kali «•»»« ablb nigMi),i«4 *a •»«lli*« I «•»• ••> ifcul w* •>•• • •«♦ •<- ♦•»' •I' llli»?| li« hImIc bxulfti inr I'Hi '4 iHi.tit. t •MlbllilllMllllf 1 4|>I»MI btM- • ««l l^r l<<>-*4 «lf 'blfMl <«M •'■■I fe«l|,|>« t'if «|4"ii»»i !»') lb' »•*«!-»« Il44« ..•. I»««4«*»»» *!' It!*"! •►' »i44i«l»« -bw s»«l».»i I.-, a I •«m»« I ka«* I»<4|>mI >>•• 4»MliMlti<« III Ibc MMOiIm 4 'Oil IMIU/ Um tatull \t* I h*fv Iwn tn iIk' liHiliH <«. Uil if «l«V rlMUgr «l all. *n Iikimi** IH |Im> m^* Uli<^ al'^li r<»«4 nUnt* •••h'-ImK •iii> (piimiIi*. sitil •<( U»<> Ihmm)"* ni4 m-iiv \l,*u •'!¥• ImK mv villi *^o«i^ |., |h>l-.ll|ltl« .iri fxlitti) I «|lli >«IIIH , lm«IMii «• ih«« i,, ll»' (wllMlint iJllltll»)( IIm-U ••'^IMtt Ui'< |l||>i lIlK Mat IIh'I g» !•• Ills lr.|> lolkll;! |ilal«ii v<<4Ii^' iimIiI llw't alv •|itlli' i U ui • iKi ••! iti«wH'l«p< I •!» ifd ililhli 1K4* iMl ••( iIm m-U ukvn l>t IikImii himI wbttv liinilvi* im** iti^. ill) |K'I irlil Jilv IrliMlbu A'l»«ll« lil>a»llU|| •<« t >|m'iI< ••! UihtiIiii^- llM latlli." " UxImIoI*. l«i>t<>>r<*l llir ifiT*! i»«)i|||, I'uMt ««W>I hIiiIp iiil ||m< «<>><»)j<< ll»llll««l^||i|, IIw I'IiIh'I iUmvi *\r'%f li^iix^ I i.Mtki' i«|> Oh |(l»«l iil •■! ihi' «ii« U«lili Ixit III llni W4U1. filllHi '•«• ll"' xmM )< IWlifiiiu t f«' It • H1MIM.I1 I, M W.ilUSlN' i !»««•' Imil 4 llOlIrl Mrtlt'l lirf ««•■■ )*uI |i««m ••(I I'l-liil N •«lliaw4 '^ lb liliii^''< H>4. Ill INHH I It4luii ItMittifi «i>^l Uii> v^' wliliv liHiiUii f\f IihIuim t<>l« \tt- tv* tt*U f»« It |Im> •|aii«l •••ikit IImi m<»I I> )l>i*. «I|>I II Ikn •)«o| •N»»W'« lito Hul ■! ••Hill* (imi*|iii HNliml nw «lill» liulili'f't tiM< iilirt «ikI «Iw^4 itHim |Ih> IaIIci litU'li li<>!• • lliMm 1*1 llaml Kiilji liji J-'A >iw4«. himI liwu wl olill Utth! la'IW Tim wmI* I«ili l<)ltM tiMuD «ti^rv«| >ti IN l*"l 4I»I ••11 IImi j\la«ll« t'lMt ••••I IM Ikliitiif > IdiM Ik4 olel r>m III llMI llll MllllliJ I H«'IHI4M)I Uk)' III |«>f ••'III imIiI|I|.>ll (•■• k»t|'< •Iw4. IImI !• if '4ii> UlM>. "ll a >>l

  • •< >.'*••• «r«U I ••'«>l»< M llto liuiili'lt n| ixMtlik't IMX'I'MM. ii«».| I iwtoi klti « llwil IwirvMUiin i.^ ■ »•<• ik 1 111 !•■ UMil I litfkil M« A I*-IimI4l Ollll ImI >«iiI>|| l«itih> Im>I III lit! Hktil IHil <4 » 'Mull III l.l'J.'t Miwili till' ii4i. I |i* iiinki '} >>'4)* "III, I ' . U'tacrii i 4i»4U»k4 lIlM )>M>. I l<>4>tH<| |U«I |Ih> AU>Ii« rl> I4I I 1 MlMll)! ImI |«iM blktl "Hi Inn >Ml«|| IW l|i«'|HI« l«l'lll|;IM| l« |>>l««|l> |M|I»I1* Ollll l»>W" l<«|' IMll Wt|>i n>i «<|»*>lll* |ai»««ri UlullUM lluUI IklllltiK 1 !*»•. |<4 ll<^' I'MIIiM' lit ••••lllUM >••>•>•» wwli (ll»< 14 llw'H U loalllKtM lt\J 7IMI III |||<«I> )<>till;; »t'»U, *la>lll t hlolllll* »l>l. 4I« mI r<>wi|wii^ 4t 'J i|»l !m ' «|i»rrr \ im|»iwiii4>i iIh' ' H|«iiii>i I' tlniiil." 1*1 Of I'd i<4i«. ••• limn t«i iIhimUi|i4 nilinii H|> !•• t* • Alumun l'«>4 Ut iIk' mii.i |iui|»m« il>u full. Tlwi U« l->il4 lillii<|( nl 4II (m U« 11114 iiiinttli <-• .^l*«i«n «i«l>'ii !•« AMI ti>.iilv|» ■'i<<|4 llfi' iMlllnt irl tilvli !• •l««i« »«•>•) imi Ml H>«llak, |l>4U«lki. «■• (III ikmlMii lulrflnlii l-i «lill« liMliIrM MIukI ihiI li)r IImi AUikaii < "Iimim «• i«I I •>im)««u|. Kit ^I ID> •^•ri lit! Ml iiv«l lli<> lull liiitil Iw Wi4il III |l'»' I •■ II I MlIU Willi i/»H(.> IVfMrM, tktltJk lUxiMfcxi, «4» I- Ifwi' ir4/lb# H-nm I M^t 4 ImitiM nil iIh xltKiMii \V".i4W<' III*' M-«' I* *»**>■> ti»i >i4i "II il«>i I'lMilii i>«ii(, I-4II I I>mI I»4««'« >i«ii i»|»iw>iwi •'41 iIh. Ml <• i>4in>ll4i«'l >«*••' (Hldllltrf l>«ll •< «l» Tllll Jill*! l4« llll' Itli !• I 1^ I l>l'l Itat* «l>'l l< •! nit'. Miiuli Mtlk Ul>-l>' i iumIw llwlK I iiw«l 4 •Im4-^Uii ftm Imiilill llll IImi ' llli li IimI aiUnl |Im< miw |ili>|'i«l»*>n •■•••Ml' «!•'■ |MI4«. ••'IIM- ( •'• I IMIil «•• n >••« la.Uil In lUi rtM"* Nilll liHl ^oll^ lic«t>lii IhI !•• HUM llM, IM IM>' I rmi liMiii <>4 Miili * iinMi. (Hi^ii.4, W .M.I KM llor.it rwfwi'M, tlulm*! IWi>im4«i« .|>iynj< III, Intll I'jifiMilR "I llw Aiiiiitiikl |>«iil fill W*K»i«. *• llf llm Vl<.l.i||« It««||ii4 ||i*l, ar^-l IIm {•ittlal4u Itttiumti W« «f «a« «4rf »«MM< ftt titimt •, ■, ,, iMMtw (4' »•>•• .4 I ••144IWI. «< I pil )||a4, ., )l«W.|i»t.. nil, >ti.»i w i U .», *|< <«•* f.t I'lual «|, «|f V>4«i «<« Am t «•• tat. llUl Ih »t<-«l| i»M«il I. MM ■*•» UJI Sft? tui. • tuUtli III Ikliiiiij;) n>4. Ut" >4l<>t| IImi I'llllinl i ««>ul*< li***'*' •>! mIiI'Ii ' o Id llrlillUii'* Nir* M •«ll ItiMi ^viti I ImiI htilMli liilltti'14 u*iU, aUil liw llini< ViMl* I Ii4> •■nil «ll •••I iIhi i«l^«>iM>r " I*»ililiit4<-i " \h itia'ii'Uiii' Willi IiiiImm liiihlut u iImI tt,%\ liw 4t iniMi 4 |i « <| iii»'«.i TIk •^aMiv .«i» '* Uwfilol, ' MUHo mill iiu«>, MHiii wiiti («!. <vM4iu UIiIIk IiimiIkIi i»m •!• t i))ii»* 4lfl rilh'it, '••»f ••! «4l»l On •IH<«4|| «U«it 4I»-I «l l»ii)( I«I||{<< lln< tltt» M h*'l><'''>Ut <>""! I'UI >'••' lilAJ-itll *-i loililiit i)W' llui ultfil tl liuiil» •!•■«* M'tt I'kianl >)li in llHi, •••«I> lokfli aliHiK IIm ii«uI ali! iiiWt. attil lajlMi^a •lii.ll.tnli "i llip <•<«■ ai«! Milh V*'M*>I « ia«Ml r>tlili al 41)11, ll«Mt I'd! !■• 17 > mtj^lil (»'««.•• lallli «<>«iiiK III Hi lif|i»u > h«'>« IIm A«el»u*' "t <•■•» inl) V^'Mf klUnl alH l>'4 tk%rt»^ ■•in lit ||M f-4 llir «i>i*».M IImI 4> •••Ml «4 llir i>.«> liuuli IIm wm liiry U" I" 'I'*' U<>>llli)i liilMliilt alii'li' iIm'II iitu.j »lv lain«. I wifl M« (■•na III llw W'tlirt Mlili llwil )nMitM milt iIwim | i|<> •••4 lliilik iWlr I* any il«tlt«Mi Albt hi'mU / "f Mwl •itliiiiijj IWtliilWij't K«.a I iMiti'i Mw <•< itiMiiv Mral aliiti|| IIm iiwtl «• itxiii Mifr liiit j.i*i. 4it.t Um') ••'I«- iu<>i<> iiitiiio't<>uii llwiii I t«if iMM It (mil Tliit )cat I l t. IV<»^Mi. //.idiA IV^HiH^^ MfdttJUf r/, iMtl. I <.<(« a tmil liHiiUi I li««<> Imn liHti !i«i*M on UmdI «i'«iiii|( tiMwU. <4i« )i«i-r, lkI ikiitii )fi«i« 4 liHiil*! I iiata aiway* lai^n «i||i «|iii«i huiiii't*. •ml liavr UNtl tlw alHrf-Duii aiiil t'4 ^4 ll»<«4ll.|| M'rtlt III l«<«: I if* .''IM H>*t< *ml l>»| M , til ll>K«i I Wi4 i>i| ,4li>l l.nl .'i , III IHH'J I ^4 4'>l *l>'l l'»l I « in IIk* liilvn >r«|t I i;-4 I H# Mwlt ami l«Rt •Ili4 •>! *** |' i|w Willi tlU )»•• III ikw itatii. m*l li«<< I I'X'l IhiiiI i4 "uii a •»*«- TIoiim ImiiliM I«h- n fit* Imiic lliali I •(••, ni4 ikr itDul mmIu'IiI IiiiiiIi'M I iMito iml ailli illil m4 |inH' Iwlti' at liialit iMiuiwi) y\m> *>ii.it>!iiT I'. «MM, lf«li-ar« >«'«liit»( iHHiV «ta« I'll Uttrtl iIh' " Tlu'itHi '* in-iu Hmii l-'iaixriwn i« Vii Imiu Wr ililh %,i, liaitriaiii i>ti ihn 'ilKli .lauiialt ami atlt^of al \'l>lla xii Uii> Till A|*«ll I «t<4 I '''-I M^att. »l •l4ik I |.»l 4l«Hil ? I iiH»l a •|m4 uuii l-ltiM i|mII|' iIh- tilt" oiili ("i li"ij luurf" >liii>4lii^ »at fi>'lli int 1.^ Ml , 4li|» .Vl Vh*)4I« I It II iIk' Till ITM 4lul |»llirii iIk' ' I'allifllMlrl Uti' l'»l|« ami l>n Ni4 i>l>< h<*U •!«■*<,;( lltr ii4ii.>>ti ami l<>tt :U. Ill iNMii I >|i>i m4 k« M^liitt.- Iml m Imtti | «*> iiiuawxl "ii iIh' M-|H«i<4U nil iIm I'>'.Ii .faimai) ami I k<4 7>M k-nI* ilviliiii llii* ««i»ii ami *>mI C I Uivw mV k jl^^lllt |>ll|' 4l"M)(•* IK |Ih> «4ll'f .VUml irttK'llilitl ,4 llw wnl* Uliili ini iIm' •••,V«.I 4rt> •••«* Willi |4i|t >4 i«|«ll ••( Uli-ti *tlli |4t|* K |Ih!>« I ii«4 liaif mst «lili laiiM in iImih IrtlttKHill llltillli^l'. lliiWK Ih litHI), titi I«i4,|«| iImi ' ilM>l«4« aiiil ' |*4llillii>l> I I K<>( l>t| il>i> Maaoli Hti? Mali aimI !••! iil»wi >* lu 11117 (41 |Im> wma'iui " |'<.' I tfi4 ^lii ami li«« MU>ut M> In Ihnh. ..n ,i» hit (ail* I ii^ i|i> ami |im4 I'iT III \**V ow Uailtl iIm ' Vltt." I if* ^1 ami l«>l J" TlliiMAw ll(tW> Tilt* «4* tt«| IIM )•>«< '•"••KllU tcaU I Wriil KUit •4i IIh' " <\iiIih' * M"-t* ' \Vi till \'lil<>ii4 i li i 'ill .laimao I p4 ilmtntf iIm' n-uMiti i'ill miiIi | mw « •li<4 nun iniiw liwllv llu iImt tiaiM I 2»4 tUttl '^'i I.I mi limaio Willi )<>iMi|j In ll>iiii .ii>'l in IWliiiiij^ 4 Mia I i.'<4 aU'tii i> •>) V I mtiii "W 4(«iir Willi iHt |>ii|t *li4i|(ttiii< i>f hfi in ihp walri i l»4 ','1 wal* iltai a-tnti lvf«t« I r^tiM ivaili iMh »*|.M«ul; A, .1 UliKlltAM MtH flt,tltm*Hi tv Mr. Mil HI. WITH ii'„'>l>>iy of till- ••■ilinu iiitrT iii Hiiiiili ('iiSiiiiila.i. i* i* wcIKik.vi, IImI. 'iHih,' III lliK ii|Mi«>- Vllli'iiM'iil* oil ||ii> Mi4l riii»«l •■( Vmiii»mivi I iiimI (/iKt ii < |iuiIi4I<' Itt^mili, |U '•ikiii,; •<{ «'.il< .Hill ill" liiiittiii„' ■•( llw <<-.i «il> I *ii- 1i.||.m..l ..iih l>t oiii IikIimii |ai|><||«liriti. at.. |iiitiiii-l till' tintiKlit til llirii ••uii liriiiillitf iitiiiiiii-r, lliAl U. I>v iioiiikIIh- miKat •iii'l •iHtir. nh-l ft\Xu ti'iitiiiiii'.i (••yiiiiil •iylit I'i I'linl Tlii'ir •iiKcM Wilt only known l IiihI •li>rm « • IaIImIm i.r InMltllU lu'llta-lim IKIIilllt ^inllillV IIk «< •! <<%l-\ lllllill)* lltlll M'.l«i>t| lllc wlllll' I ••|rtllt||i.t ii|i \i< Ul<-t M-nM U'lii;; ' lii< Ih i'ii)tiii;i^l in ••iIm'I »i u|«ili<>ii> Kvilin;^ hikI iIiw |>.m'i« h>liint( •Ihl MA —m I'l .tlliitii lllllill iilli'iilimi TIh' f< u •<'i i>l)iii<'iil in llir iinM MM lull KillMtli-Kal •iinlfti'lil llir|||i-|il III iiiif MMIllrll, illlil hImi IIii- Il4li|l« nf llic « .ll llli'ir ll'vjnUt >r-al!i iiiiui)iit {••vM'^Mil III llii' M.il lid' III iHir linilti'lH |>|i o'lilnl rili\ I'Vlrn U|i|>ir< luriil Iti iht-nt I riillnit ilii'i li.i<4i ilir «i'tiii 4i( iIh' triilnr* I* nnkiHiwn It i> mii| tli.ii ilii* tntni^r Ha» iiiiiiv Im IimiIiiik iImii m*! Ininliiiif ^irl u rt|a^li|t«>n« of tin' fi-UiM f kilHl Wi'it' I li'llllliil ai IImI lini)' tin- Inilml NkIi • linVlli)( kUiIiI llwl la.. 4ii|niml ««MM-*ati-ii ii( AI'Kk* h i< iiiiM V* ih'mIIv U'ltttri'^l iImi llu « ili-l ix-i inlM. Ill walinu -^1 '•• iilv ifiw ilnvl. 4lii| Im «uilii-nlli Imifil t^n la< fiAbl s<« In llw II MUM.M l( l«ll>^ 411 II r^rttlnij tMtrt}tl' Afli'T itwl lillH •••till' ii M ><><••« U|l|*1«l !•• lllltK l'U| in niih k dw Ir-uloiii rni^Mu*"' "*' ''' wol iiM>l III iIm ii'iiaI ImiIi'I Ami > \i linnui' hiiIi liMliitliii TIm |itii«ii>i> III iIm' mmIiiiij itiilnili) iMimh 'Imiim-' I> W.iii>'Ii llni^ii U' Ki4\ 4Hii Wllluo H|iftn)t (■•( mIi"*" till l>i*l nMnltiiiii'il nnl) •nititi* in nniMil tlu' uili lii>lii«< nf lli- imw lni|>4liiM iii>ltt»ln i<.«l till ii'M4i>l '4 I III xiiil UaVii iniHni III fiif t) lliii linil< nl tlii'ti UUitii SUillI till' «f nf lll« M'rtit l«KVIMM' U'lli I Ullib'Mlaal. Hi iM>i«Ht • ini •|iiliiu inmitlit «iii|, \\ lllll IIIIK llii |nlln»lti;{ K lnailiiK ulii^ajjcl III llllt II4III1 . •r»«<»i*»" 4ki»* Nfnt " ltaaH4' I lawil lit 1 4r<*w i li W «•>•. IKII- (taiwil L| I'afiaM liaih M\ li.l Iihm, M411 |iui«lMaial lit WiIImhi Ml 4Ulillalt ■li'4lll |ai«l'| «■• .kIiL Mill' liiiilt TIhi h'4|iiii4 tniln»tiy . ••4«>iili'li>l in 4 lalll* |i|<»|a'|iin« ■■iMMllUnli In llu' teal INii.'* lIu AliM-.naii m ItiaHK'l Nan llli-vf'. >'l l^ll Kralli Itaii. Ill wlih-li ItMlkil M) |j4 an>l IWiIiiiiik* ^•\ ■•n .i H«lru»jn|< anil Mi«lin|| «ntat(i<. Willi «l lilt llni iinil nf Aunntt, iln-y »|ailiv im ti>»*il ni llriiiti»<" iHlii'i, iMH Ikiil ani ii'iiuiKiniialinn Miili any i>n<> T1m<) nltiiiMtl In Vn-ln|i' 4fli'r 4 •uni.ufitl « Il4|«l IIh' fnlliiM ini,' II t«i« ••'(«■ in|i»i(r<| iiw |ln< wiuf naMl «• im||i'r« |il ill" )niM |HHy.lt:i, ImI wIiM^ iIhI Itnf rlllrl Ib'lllinii* Mi-a All Wrn' flitl) •M4> Al »4 \iitm ' "Jk«MMl>•> 4" TWiiMw" M r ll.«|aM4' tfai IX (Ml ;; .; ;: :; :: S w M :; :: :: :: :: ;; :: S It .. 11 .1 .. .< n In il.i< 11^41 I"*"! ilir •liKiMi \|..ii Kllm <( Vnimia. Hiiiuli 1 mIhihIiu lianntl U-Ii. a» i>iili>|j'| ib'liiinw • l^a al'iul iIm- t.Nlii .Illlil 4nil I'M* 4laiiii iliti I'l.il ii) Anijnil nf llm tanu lual TIm iii|4|f' ><4< >4>>>t4ilii|i li. naiM'ia anil lixa TIm'I |>fiiW!i iiti'il iIhII '•■i|iliniali- anil |«Mii llu lii)jl. '• *' Milliniil any inliilrli'iiK' linm ,1111 niiiv In IIm mIiii lial lln MlnailirK ' ^'41111 Hi'.'' ' Anna lh'« k ' Altlial Ailani" ' |lii||i|||H.' 'I)l4ir iMi»al>l. ni-aiilmi. W I*. Hi^waiil, Nlnl lllai k huiiinliil," wiikmII iiiuaMnl iu iIhi xalli^ lt|i|U»tl> Ml till NiHtll KilUi'. Ill tin 1141 Itl)*'' iiillililvnal a li|tiil|ai|i.ni* nm' III! wali'li lln \|-«li Klli n iiIhI ^aimili ii' VniniM Ii4«ii«tf iiilvtnl IbJiiiiiu II Kra ilnrint; iliiiM ai» Nnrlli I'ai iHi , IhiI uni khIiiw* Iwlinitit » ^^4 .1.VI .\ iiiiliiU-t •>( Vftwlt WPMi wlili'tl In IIh' |I<<-I III IIh ItilliiWlnif «'i>«l iMtWi iiihI Um' i'ltt>-i|>li>it fiolii i«a«l( |Im Ibtlilk < iii*> i>( niiIih'Ii «• '*>\\ ii>lii|>liil to tlHi m-iiIimk ,H>luiilt All llu Vl-Mvla ik'Mllll^' (■■■•II Vl>li>IM, lllllllll I •lIlllllI'M, < lit) Ixi Ik llltll||'» N'« Willi lliu |..|4m>II of IIh' MUnitMI. ' ,\t'll«ll ' >«ltl W'l '• I «L|mI rill •.«iiM' \<'in ilHHiii It 4|..i ii'iiiKilutlili {■■r iIm' »• ii|9, |Im< nlll'lulllli; I III U|li«t<4lHV< ■•! wltlill III IKIW ,1 lllillh'l 111 IiIhOhI TIm'M' tr>H'l>. tllll'll .• KiiK' il*l .iii'l .'ml .\iii|it>i Ixlii). Mi'M' aUiiil 7" iiilli'« iiniii lli< iti'iiii'i»li'>' l2i'«>'liiii'-< ulli'l l^«>i> llwllt til UlllMliukit Till' 1 ii'Wk III iIm I'tiiiiliii,! iiii"llll»ll,' Mllll tl»' ■'>||-|>I|M|| III iIm' iH|>IhII> .llltl iilM' lllilll illiLillll-il iMI UoikI, will' M'lil IM ,<«HII |'r»IKl«lll. IWMit)' I INNI IMllll* lllilll IhiIIMI, Mlhl ll^llH'll llillllt i» Uk IIh'M llll'tMl. Mll-I l'^ I) til" ImiiiiiiIK' Im IiIhI lit! II Ma) l««<'l> !«• tliill Iii« nil \ itiiiirfit i-t'ii |rlulii| 1 lir i lnM nl tliK INl«>4|ll Mh< ki'l'l Hi lllDMLtukil rill tllMltl t .Mill lllilll III till' ' Tllnlllllih '' ^ri ti> li|lill)(|l| III lllill >..l>'l> 4 .lllilll iMi'iiil IHimwii. Ill l|ii< I iiilnl M.ila I IliilMil Imtil iil HilLn , .iIhI iI IuiII IIhi •I»IIi'« lUl III' l<>li>li.i, Mi <.iiilii>l Ui iiiii|irii<' I TIh llltll « ill It lalli' oil Jllallili wIm II- Hill nulloiul I •» iif •••llllU llilil II Ilillti lullull 'llu llnllllllt IMIMl •lllll'l, ' Ullal Im Ulto (•■IIImI l(l|ltlt ■••■•■nlMl||h III!' IIMth't III iIh' riiir' • ti null lli<'liii>i, Mill Illll »|K< hiiililitl III niiiiil.ir |«iiuUl>* llu itKUliiiil lliii Ulli'r \i'«j«'l, ■Illll Jilti- • •Villi.', all ..|.| |„.,|| „|,.| ,, l,|,.|,ii| ..) Dill).), I •i|ll|||ll«4, Will llfltllilll III Ilk ilWIIi'M .■imI • lnwt ioiIii'k' It'llH bin |u|l, <4 \ liiliillH, uhi-l •uMtjili»|| liiilait Hliil llilililiiitti liuailiiii'iil al tin lutiiiln iil llii' i>i«*iiii III III! iiii-iliu ||i<| tiiilnii-il in ttlxll'l llltll »l»i>l, lllmll' In illliI f|»l|| MMIll mill |'t|aa|ll|||l. llu' lllilll limiUlu illlll lll.llt '. hIIi'I II'IIiiIIIIIII}- im |> Mit|" IumhnI Illll I'l ■••lilllMllii'llI iltriullt ili'tlllilli uiiImiiiI |ia>l III r I.) llir IiIiImII) Ihi||I III ttw IimIIhII 4ImI M lalllitl •>>l'l H ll'Ml| illll iiuImli.i. Miiiiii I'ltl^ II mill «iiilli|iii» In |NM7 lU li.'ll'lllllll'lll III IIm' I 'lllilll Hlilll* inliiluillll III il*^f IImm lit,M-|ll ll|i, mill III >l lllll'l (lnlll Ul ll.|«4l>t|i.Mlll|j I tll.Kl .ll<|M'.«l« III iIht III! 4iilllm< IM lirklHtwIiiluill,.' \i>llt IHilO. I Uki' ii>i'4«loli III •Illll III) llll|>li omli lli.il ll lliir liii«i' Mill Li'ii II la-tM >,>iil III illlll iiw mrii, ll i« li"l l«>4l>M <■( 4II> llllllllHlMf ■ill till' l»lll III 4Mt l \ till' lllilll fill itkiMi l.iil |i|iil«i!illi Ian '«iiM' III till' ii'Miiili III M III ihi' Im'Mllly lOllliaLuikii) hIk-Ii! Ilii-y »ili< lukill itllrl .li, iiIhI till' |>l«iM'u till liiM Ui n i>l lli^ {■lii|a'lll III iilM'iillKli ' A;..iii. IIM till' |:tiliiMt4wi i>f iIh> miim )nir mu HimI liu> (hIIuviiiik iniiM Mi IU\hii| i>i Mir L U . It Hi. liMl Wkkil Ml. " /viKiifMral «/.«iriii., K'.iiAiii/fi-M a«.Ai t:i. |hn7i rntlllliuillll III)' Hilly (■• )i>MI Imli ■■( llir '.".lll. 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K \\.\\ «ll|> llnhi till' liili'|)iilliu II mlillall) Miiillil I*' la-|l|i\i .ill l<'M»ii|i.ili|i' |iii.|i|i' lli.it tin* Ni'i ii l.in nl (i^ I'iiiImI hiaiiM Miiiilil tiMki liinl illll ii-*|i«l illil XiritPt I 'iIIMk iilnl !l|lilii>lii tiii-lli' till' InlluW ll>u " liUliui ^/ .iliiUii, Cuitxt .4ll\ii <•• tin iiu'IiIIhI i>»iii-i, .Mi".*!- .Miilii.|i' iiiiil ('■■, V-'*"llll, lllllllill rnlllMllilH, llll' M'UliI uluallil r,l|ii||||l ' I'l \ lilnllll. Illlll ill I I'lllllililil. Ill I llllkll', >)i«l> I. Illlll llllllllllll 11^ ullr linW lll'n IM till' llwlUiMr nl I lllll.ll>l' *^^. 4lo %> f/. fc ^ 1.0 la' I.I 1.25 50 •IT 1^ lU 12 124 IIIM 2.0 1.8 1.4 IIIIII.6 V] #^^#/ w m Photogrdriiiic Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STRUT WEBSTER, N.Y. MS80 (716) 872-4503 "^ ^ iV <^ 1^^ -s^V ^ <* ^ 4is .<5> '^ Vj s\ /^O V *^ 360 " District of Alaska, United Slatfs' Marshal's Offim, " Gentlomen, Sitka, November 1, 1888. " I have the honour to inform j'ou that I have roceivcid from the lionourablo Attoruey-Genural (if ♦he United States orders to release to the rij;htful owners tlie schooner " Caroline," her tackle, apparel, and I'urniture, as she now lies at the Harbour of Ounalaska, iu the tlistrict of Alaska. The order on the Deputy Collector of Customs at Ouiiahvska to deliver to yor. the propeity is herewith inclosed. " Very respectfully, (Signed) " Bakton Atuixs, ITniled States' MarsM. " Messrs. Muiisie and Co., Victoria, British Columbia." In the year 1887 the vessels enumerated on list on p. 178 entered Behring's Sea after finishing tlie spring season. The naine^ of the schooners and dates of the seizure, together with datc^s of their .sale at I'ort Townsend, AV. T., wnere they were taken after postiionements and delays, also ap]iear. Tliey were sold on the 2Gth March, 1880, currently report at the time disposed of at a nominal value. All the vessels named on the list, p. 179, went to sea in 1888, proceeding to Behring's Sea, and wore, with the exception of tlie " Araunidi," which was seized, successful. This seizure was inadti on the 1st July of that year by the Russian schooner " Alexander 11," and taken to the port of Vladivo.stock llussian Siberia. All the vessels enumerated on p. 170 went to liehriiig's Sea in 1889, and the return of the " Triuinph " and capture of the " Black Diamond," and .subsequent escape, arc all fresh in the meraorie.? of our people, and need not bf, here repeated. In conclusion, I have omitted rcnnarks on the many questions arising in regard to the seizure of our vessels, feeling as.surod that the Government is doing everything to bring the matter to a speedy settlement. Also ir. regard to the habits of the seal, many erroneous opinions being given in the American press, ami by the paid otlicials of the Alaska Fur Company as to the loss of seals by wanton alaughcer (as they term it) of our .sealers, I have made due and diligent inquiry as to the iiercentufie of seals liable to be lost after being shot, and from what I have gathered, it amounts, at 'iiost to only 6 jier cent. The habits of tlie seal are now well understood. They travel singly and in pairs, not in droves or numbers as iias lieen supposed by some, and to cover a large expanse of water. They are foiiml 400 miles westward of Vancouver Island, and migrate to Behring's Sea in Se]itember and ( Jctdlwr. The pups leave later in November, the tem|)erature of tlie water having some inllueuce upon their movement, but they always return to Behring's Sen in June of every year, Vkssels cleared for North Pacific Ocean and Behring's Sea, 1885. Schuonars. Mnry Ellen PuTorite Tons. 63 Wliifo crew oml huntcr.i. 80 White crew mid Indian liUDturSi Vesskls cleared for North Pacitio Ocean, liut did not enter Behring's Sea, Schutinors. Turn. AHVimI Adnniji eg Anna Uitik 40 lllack Kiamund 82 (^iroliim 311 Oolpliiii 00 • Omcu .. 11 Knte ., 58 Mounliiiii Chief n Oimard S5 Tliiirntijii •it W. 1'. Suyworil 00 return of the tlie memories 861 VESSELS fleuivd fur North racific Occnii and IJoliriin,''^ Sen, 188fi. Schooners. Tons. • Alfred Adams . , (.9 Anns Beck .. ,, 46 Active . . , . , , , . n Founderi'd April 1, 1887. Blsck Diamond . . , , . , , , 82 Dolpliin 80 Fovorite 80 Graco , , , , . . , , , , 77 CsroIin» 32 Seiitd August 2, 188C, hy United Ststm' Government. K«to 38 Mountain Chief .. ., ,, ,, 2S Mnry Ellen C3 Onvrard , . , , , . , , 35 Seiicd August I, 1886, by United Statei' Government. Penulopo .. ., 70 Pathfinder .. C6 W. P. Ssywsrd 60 Thornton .. 29 Seiicd August 1, 1886, by Coticd SMtes' Tereia,. 63 Rmtler 29 Wrecked February 26, 1887. " Rutler " did not enter Bchring's Sen. Vessels cleared for North Pacific Ocean and Bchring's Sea, 1887. Schoonrr. Tons. Ditpositioo. Ada S5 Seized August 25, 1R87, and sold by United States' Government ot Port Townsend, W. T., March 26, 1889. Alfred Adams , , , , 69 Anna Ueck ',. ,, 10 Seized July 2, 1887, and sold by United States' Government at Port Townsend, W. T., March 20, 1889. Blark Diamond ,. ,. ,, .. 82 Uol|iliia 60 Seized July 12, 1897, and sold by United States' Govirnmont at Port ToffDsend, W. T., Morch 20, 18H9. Tavorito . . , . . , , , 80 Grace ,, 77 Seized July 17, 1887, and sold by United Slates' Government at Port Townsend, March 20, 1889. Juanita .. ,. ., .. is Kuto .. 58 Mary Taylor 43 Mountain Chief •. •, ,, «, 23 Mury Ellen 63 PencloiH! . . . , , , 70 Pollifiniler 6G Sn]i|thire .. ,, ,. 124 W.I'. Say ward 00 Seized July 9, 1887, by United States' Go- vcrninont, and rilinsed under bonds. Triumph 15 TiTrsa . . , . , , , , , , 03 Viva ., 92 ^ Wnmliror 16 , Loltiu I'airficld . . l.'>» [128] 3 A 363 Vessels cleared fur Nortli Paciiic Ocean and Beliriuc-'a Sea, 188S. Schooners. Tons. Disposition. Annie C. Mi)ore 113 Arauniib 71 Seized July 1, 188-1, by Russian (iovernn:.rit. Aurora 11 Black Diamond , 82 Favorite 80 Jaanita 40 Kate .. 68 Lily .. C9 iComing. Lutitia.. 28 Mary Tnyl.ir 43 Mountain Chief . 23 Mary EIIlii C3 Mai;(^ie Mc 71 ■ Pcnt?lopc 70 Pathtinder GG ynppliire , 124 W. 1'. Saywanl . GO ■n-iuraph 16 Teresa , . 03 Triumph 98 . ■ ■■ Viva .. 92 Wanderer 16 Winifred 13 VESflEts olearcd for North Paciiic Ocean and Bchriug'a Sea, 1889. Schooners. Ariel .. Annie C". Moore , Aurora.. , Black Uiarnollil . Favorite , Juanita Kate . . T.ily . . liCtitiii . . Mary Kllen , .Mary Taylur , Mngfie Me Mountain C'liief , i'athfinder Minnie . . , I'encU'pe , Sapphire W. I'. Say ward , Triumph , Teresa . . Triumph Viva . . Wantlerer Winifred Tons. 90 113 41 82 80 40 .'>B G9 28 G3 43 71 23 1)6 46 70 124 no 98 fi3 1.1 92 16 13 Sciied July 11, Seiied July 31. Seized August 27. Sciied July 1 3. Ordered IJeliriiiys Sea Hum year. A (■ 363 Owners, Vesael. Tonnage. Value of Uutlit. White Men. Indiana. Dollars. Cnrne and Munsic .. •• Mary Taylor .. •« 43 8,000 5 22 Ditto FathfindcT 06 10,0110 22 , , Ditto Viva .. 92 12,000 22 ,, D. McLcnn.. Mary El'i'n 03 8,000 21 ,, K. C. Baker and Co. . . Triumph 98 14,000 30 , . C. Spring . . . . Favorite , , 80 8,000 7 SO Ditto Kate 58 7,000 .5 30 Not known . . Aurora .. .. .. 41 8,000 4 24 Jacnbscn Minnie .. 4G 8,500 4 30 Marvin ond Cox Sapphire 124 15,000 40 Mononuhl .. Winifred 13 2,500 :, 10 A.Frank .. Black Uiantonil . . , . H2 9.500 5 30 Ditto Lily B9 8,500 :, 36 Gray and UmA .. «. Penelopf' 7U 10,000 20 .. Undd and Co. . . MiggieMc. a 10,11011 21 , , Lundberg and Co. • . . . W. P. Sayward .. 60 8,1100 ,- 30 Hall nnil Goepel , . . . Juanita . . . . . . 40 0,000 5 28 Mcinre and Hackett .. Annia C. Jfoore ,, 113 15,000 22 , , IVibington and Co. ,. ., Teresa .. U3 10,000 20 ,, Hurknan .• .. Ariel .. UU 0,000 21 Indians ,. Mountain Chiff .. 23 3,000 20 Paxtnn and Co. . . Wanderer . . IG 3,500 '3 20 Muir, Brotbcra Triumph 15 3,000 3 15 Indian*^ .. .. ,, Lctitia •• •• •• 2S 2.000 ■• 20 1,4C4 200.500 202 375 Afenwraiu/iun. Ks'i'iHATKs of Ihf Amount paid for Wiiges, &c., of the Victorin 8wiliiig Klcol, antl tin; probabU- Returns. Dollara. Wages of crew and hunters, per vessel , , , , , , . , , . , , 7,000 Insurance premium on 8,000 dollars, at 7 per eent. ,. ,. ,. ,, 5fi0 Provisions, salt, amoiunition, &c. .. ,. ,. ,. ,, .. ^,000 Total per vessel , . For twenty veisels cniplovi d ,\n average eatch per vessel at, say , , Value per skin, 7 dol. 50 c. . , . , Value for twenty vessels . , 10,500 211,200 2,000 skins. 15,000 dollars. 300,000 „ Two thousiiiul skina is a low cstiiimlo per vessel, nud weie it imt. In'- the iiiterlevence of the Unite*! ."^tales' cutters in Behriii(j;'3 Sea, the catch wonlil av('r!ij,'o (|uite IV'iO skins jiri vessel. Apjienili-x 3. Diduratioii nfCorl A. J.nndbei'ij. lllinla al'oresiiid. The said scliooner wa.s eii!,'a^('d in Imntiiif,' and lishin;^ in Oklmlsk .^ea and Knrile Islands. -. In tlyeiiioiilii (it Sepleinlier the .said schooner wan" in thi' vicinily ul' Holiin liank, or Island, rcturiiiiifT I'roni (,'ap(^ Patience, One day towards tin' end ot said niontli of ,s;c]ileinlier, 1, wilh a nniidier 'toliicis froui llio said selidoiier, landeil on it beaoii ol' saitl llobiii l.sland. Oil tbe island I met Ibo luiilti ol'ilhe .sel|iu(Hii,'j'," ru," a vessel in tlie employ of the Alivskii UmnuTciid (yoni]iany a.s it watch ves.sel, ahont the .soiil .liobin Itanic, or Islmid. 'Iliesnii'i, nuitg had with him iijiont lilleeli natives nrtlu' Alentian Islands. Wliili' on shore we feovcri'd a'ivrrnt he;ip nf dead and' I'offiMi' .sealft ]Mled aj^alilst the elill' at the Imrk of a narrow strip of simiulli Imuji siii'li UH Hc.al.s liiinl np oil.' T t'Ttnnlined the seals, and found llial they bad been driven into ii lu'up, chibbed, and alterwards a ^reat nninber had been cut and mntilaled so as to destroy the skins ;iiid luislen dijeay. Tbe said male of tbe " I.e(ai " was present, ami I asked him wby be bad killi^d 'lilt llicse tbonsaials of seals— cows and piqis. ]|i' repliecl, "Tlial ii to keep any of Ihi'se Vokobama >''lliiW;( fnan f;eUiiio iinylliiii),' tbis year." 1 asked liim for bis aulbority for beinj; lai llie island and I'liliiig iLu uuk. -ILu .^uvvud imi u duunintiJit ui^ited by the Ahuskit CununerL'ial Company, direuliiig "i'li I'dl, to idlow any pcr.-.ons to lanil on tbe islami exii'cpl tbe servants of tbe ( 'ompany. I asbcd hint "li" I a\e bint the paper ; be replnd, be conlil not tell. Tbe docnment referretl to was naileil to the *i»ll of ilifl bou.io oocupit^l by tho muto autl hia meu, L12SJ a A 3 364 3. Next morning \ iroiit back to llie bench with tliirty-three men, the crews of my own veaael.and tlif- :,.''"'>iuir "Helena," which was also at tlu' bank. Wc began at once to drag the dead seals to the water, and, after tlirec days and nights hard work, we got the beach cleared. Every man was ordered to keep count of the number of dead seals he dragged oil' the beach, and when the work was done we found that the total number in the pile was between 9,000 and 10,000, nearly all cows and pups. There were thousands of seals in the water, but tliey would not i>ull out on the beacli on account of the stench and filth. We washed tlKj l)cach as clean as we could, and turned the giavel over as far as we were able. Shortly i- Iieavy gale came on which washed tiie beacli ijuil'j clean again, and the snala then began to puU out. And I make this solemn declaration, conscientiously believir.g (lie siime to be true and by virlun of the Act respecting extra-judicial oaths. (Signed) C. A. LUNDnEUO. 1889. Declared and nlliruicd at the City of Victoria, Dritisb Columbia, tlio 5th day of October, Aji Before me, (Signed) A. J,. Uklyea, A Notarji Piihlie hii /loi/af Authonly in mill for the Prnrincc tif British Culiimliia. No. 250. ., .... Internntfonal Arhitrnlion and Pence Association to the Afartjiiis of Salisburi/. — {Recniied December 7.) 40 and 41, Outer Temple, Strand, London, My Lord, December G, 1889. THE Committee of the International Arbitration and Peace Association have Imd again brought under their notice tlie very unsatisfactory state of affairs that lias lonj; prevailed regarding the seal fisheries in Behring's Sea and the adjacent coasts. The proceedings of the United States' cruizers in seizing and sequestrating — and, in some cases, confiscating — tiie vessels and cargoes of British subjects ciigaircd in fisheries on the open sea, have caused — as, no doubt, your Lordship is too well aware — excessive and prolonged irritation amongst our fellow-citizens of the Canadian Dominion, as it would appear that those in command of Her Majesty's vessels on the Pacilic Coast ice! themselves, for some reason, unable to check the liigh-iiandiid proceedings of the United States' cruizers; while those measures of redress, long since demanded by VIer Majesty'.-) Government, and ostensibly conceded by the United States' Government, do not apjjcar to have ever been carried out, or compensation made to the victims of admittedly lawless seizure'... Our Committee are more (lee ir addressing your Lordsiiip on this subject, inasinudi as the |irinei|)lcs of internutional law involved in these transactions, and tiio violation of established Regulations all'c'cting the freedom of tiie seas, both seem so clear, that tliey feel persuaded that the whole subject has only to be brought afresh to the serious attention of tlic; United States' Government to insure a settlement of the que^^iiWls at issue and tlic tirminatioii of u uravc occasion for irritation and complaint on tiie juirl. ol ilcr Majesty's Canadian subjects. in venturin;: tlm.< to press this international cpiestion on the attention of Her Majesty's (loveniment, our Committee take leave to refer to yoiir Loi'dstiip's despatch el the lOiii SepteinluT, 1887, in which the whole history of the ease is clearly recapitulated, and the judicial principles eoneerned are cogently indicated. Uur Committee trust that now that public attention has been again drawn to tlii» cause of prolonged friction, the arguments in the above-named valuable State paper will be again ])hteed before the authorities of the United States, and feel persuaded that nn amicable settlement may now be speedily sought for and attained. We have, &c. (Signed) W. MARTIN WOOD, Vici-Chaimm. J. FREDK. GREEN, Secretary. nes No. 20:. Tiir .1/«,-(/./).v of !.) That as in the cases of the Washington Treaty 1871, the Fishery Commission umiir that Treaty and the Washington Treaty 1.S88, Canada shall have direct representation on tiic- British Commission, " (r,) The approval of Canada to any conclusions arrived at shall be necessary. " (f/,) Russia to be excluded from the negotiations in reference t o cuinpensation and seizures." ' -, I have, &c, (Signed) STANLEY OF PRESTON. No, 2.'J4. Foreign Office to International Arbitration and Peace Association. liratlcnien, Foreign Office, December 11, 1889, I AM directed by the Marquis of Salisbury to acknowledge the receipt of your letter oftlieOth instant, in which, on behalf ol the Committee of the International Arbitration and Peace Association, you call attention to the question of the seal fisheries in Behring's 1 am to state, in reply, for the information of your Committee, that this matter is receiving the earnest attention of Her Majesty's Government. I am, &c. (Signed) P. CURRIE, 368 No, 255. Colonial Office to Foreign Office. — {Received December 1 2.) Sir, ^ Downing Street, December 12, 1889. WITH reference to the letter from this Department of the 24th October, relating to the seizure, by the United States' authorities in Behring's Sea, of the British schooners " Juanita" and " Pathfinder," I am directed by Lord Knutsford to transmit to you, to be laid before the Marquis of Salisbury, for such action as his Lordship may think proper, copies of two despatches from the" Deputy Governor of Canada, forwarding claims for compensation for loss sustained by reason of such seizures. I am, &c. (Signed) JOHN BRAMSTON. Inclosure 1 in No. 25.5. Deputy Governor Ritchiu to Lord Knutsford. My Lord, Ottawa, November 14, 1889. WITH reference to my despatch of the 21st ultimo, dealing with the seizure of the British schooner " Juanita " in Behring's Sea, I have the honour to transmit herewith a copy of an approved Report of a Committee of the Privy Council, submitting the claim to compensation advanced by the owners of that vessel against the United States' Government for loss incurred by reason of her seizure. I have, &c. (Signed) W. J. RITCHIE. Inclosure 2 in No. 25,'>. Report of a Committee of the Honourable the Privy Council, approved by his Eiccellency the Governor'Oeneral in Council on the 9th November, 1889. ON a Report, dated the 4th November, 1889, from the Minister of Marine and Fisheries, submitting, in connection with the seizure in the Behring's Sea of the British Bchooner " Juanita," the circumstances attending which were detailed in a Minute of Council date! the 14th September, 1889, formal statements and claim to compensation for loss incurred by reason of the seizure of said vessel, and the transfer of tiic United States' Reveiiue cutter " Richard Rush " of her cargo of sealskins and twelve spears, as well as the estimated balance of sealskins to complete the vessel's catoii had she not been interfered with in the legitimate pursuit of her calling, whicli, witii ii\cid('ntal expenses, aggregate 14,09.') dollars. The Ministi.r observes that the claim is advanced by Mr. Richard Hall, of Hall, Gocpel, and Co., of Victoria, British Columbia, part owners and business managers, and by Mr. Charles K. Clarke, part owner and master of the vessel in (picstion ; and he reconmiends that this claim be forwarded through the proper channel to 1 Icr .Majesty's Government, for transmission to the Government of the United States. The Committee advise that your K.xeellency be moved to forward copies hereof to the Right Honourable the Secretary of State for the Colonies for transmissioii to the Govern- nieiit of the United States, as recommended by the Minister of Marine and Fisheries. All which is respectfully submitted for your Mvcelleney's approval. (Signed) JOHN J. McGEE, Clerk, Privy Council. 369 Iiiclosurc 3 in ^o. 25S. Affidavit vf Charles E. Clarke. City of Victorio, Province of British Columbia, Domiiiion of Canauii. I, CHARLKS E, CLARKE, of the city of Victoria, in the Province of British Columhia, Dominion of Canada, master mariner, do solemnly and sincerely declare as follows : — 1. I am the duly registered owner of sixteer, sixty-fourths of the British vessel "Juanita.'' schooiier-rijjged, of the port of Victoria aforesaid, the other owners of said vesM'l being Richard Mali, inerchiint, William J. GoeptI, merchant, both of the said city of Victoria, and Hans llelge.-^on, of the same place, fisherman, each owning an equal number of shares in said vess •!. '2. On the 7ih day of May, a.u. 1880, I cleared the said "Juanita" at the Custom- liousc at the said port of Victoria for a scaling and bunting voyage in the North P.icific Oceiin and Bebring's Sea. On the said voyage 1 was ii...stcrof said vessel, and bad a sailing (vcw of four men. The " Jiianila" sailed from the port of Victoria on the ^tb May last, and was c(|uipped and provisioned for a full season's voyage and purposes above mentioned. 3. On the west coast of Vancouver Island I took i n hoard fourteen Indian hunters, and tlicn sailed northward. 4. On the 2nd day of July last the "Juanita" entered Bebring's Sea through the Ouniniiik Pass. 5. E:irly in the morning of the 31st July last the United States' Revenue cutter "Richard Rush" steamed up to the "Juanita" and demanded that I heave mv vessel to. 1(11(1 so, and was at once boarded by three officers tiom the " Hush.' The otficer in charge asked me if I had any sealskins on board, and asked nic if 1 had taken any seal in Bebring's Sta. I told him I had come inro the sea on the 2nil Jnlv, and had about fiOO skins on board. lie then reported to the Captain of the " Rush," informing me that he would liavc to seize my vessel and her cargo. 6. The Captain of the " Rush " ordered the sealskins to be taken from the "Juanita" and put on board the "Rush," which was al once done, the number taken being GOO. A demand was made by the boarding olHcer for my ship's papers, and all guns, ammunition, and spears on board. He obtained the ship's |)apers and spears (twelve in number), which were laUen on board the " Rush," V. Hereto annexed, marked "A," is a copy of the certificate of seizure given to me by die officer from the said steaiiicr "Richard Hush," who also instructed me to proceed to Sitka, in the territory of Alaska, and to deliver a sealed letter, which he then handed me Id the United States' District Attorney of that ])lace. ^. lieing unable to continue sealing and hunting, I sailed out of Bebring's Sea, and arrived at Victoria aforesaid on the 30th day of August last. !i. On my arrival at Victoria I handed the said sealed letter to the Collector of Customs. 10. Had the "Juanita" not been seized, and her hunting implements taken away, I verily believe that the said " Juiuiita" would have made a total catch in Bebring's Sea the full season of "i889 of not less than 1,800 sealskins. Declined at the city of N'ictoria. British Columbia, by the said Charles E. Clarke, the IStli day of October, a.d. 1885). (Signed) CHARLES E. CLARKE. Before mc, (Signed) Autiiuk Louis Belyea, A Notary Public hy Royal millwiily in and for the Province of British Columbia, residing and practising at Victoria aforesaid. [128] 3 B 370 Inclosure 4 in No. 256. Certificate. United States' steamer " Rush," Behring Sea, To whom it may concern. Lnt. 55° 42' N., Lomj. \7(f 40' IV., July 31, 1889. THIS will certify that I have this day seized the British scliooner "Juanita,"of Victoria, British Columbia, C. K. Clarke, master, for violation of Law, section 1956, Revised Statutes, United States, and taken possession of his ship's papers, consisting of registry and clearance. (Signed) L. G. SHEPARD, Captain, United States' Revenue Marine. Tills is the exhibit marked (A) referred to in annexed Declaration of Charles E. Clarke, made hei'ore me the l.'ith day of October, 1889. (Signed) A. G. Belvka, Notary Public. Tnclosure 5 in No. 255. Affidavit of Richard Hall. City of Victoria, Province of British Columbia, Dominion of Canada, ], RICHARD HALL, of the city of Victoria, in the Province of British Columbia, Dominion of Canada, merchant, of the firm of Hall, Goepel, and Co., do solemnly ami sincerely declare as follows : — • 1. That the said firm of Hall, Goepel, and Co., are the owners of thirty-two shares of the hereinafter-mentioned schooner " J uanila," of , he Port of Victoria aforesaid, and are the business managers of the said schooner. '2. The said schooner was in May last sent by the said firm on a sealing and huntin;; voyage in the North Pacific Ocean and J5cliring's Sea. 3. The said schooner returned to Victoria the last of August, having taken, as I am informed, and do believe, by the captain of the said schooner, on said voyage, 652 seal- skins, of which number the said firm received only thirty-two skins, sent to us from said schooner by the "Wanderer" before the '" Juanita" entered Bchring's Sea, said thirty- two sealskins having been taken outside Bchring's Sea. 4. The remainder of the sealskins taken by the "Juanita" was, as I am informed by the said captain, and do verily believe, taken from the "Juanita" on or about the 31st day of July last, when said schooner was in Bchring's Sea, by the orders of the Commander of the United .States' steamer " Hichnrd Rush.'" 5. The market value of sealskins at the said Port of Victoria on or about the 1st October instant, when, in the ordinary course, the ".luanita " would have arrived after a full season's voyage aforesaid, was 8 dollars a skin. C. Fiom the number of sealskins taken by the "Juanita" up to the said 31st July I verily believe that the said schooner would, in a full season, have taken at least 1,801) sealskins. 7. At the came time the sealskins were taken from the " Juanita " by the officers ol the said United States' steamer " Richard Rush," there was also taken by the said oHiccr^, as I am inlbrnud by Captain Clarke, and do believe, twelve spears, the value of which was 3 dollars each, and the ship's papers. 8. The said firm of Hall, Goepel, and Co., claims damages against the Government ot the United States of America for such taking and detention of sealskins, spears, and ship* papers, based u|)on the value of the skins actually taken, and for 1,178 skins, the balance of an estimated catch of 1,800 sealskins by the said schooner for full season of 1889 iii Bchring's Sea ; also for the value of the said spears, and for the cost of obtaining a new set of ship's papers from the Government of Canada, and for legal and other expenses ni connection with the preparation and submission of this claim. 1>. Tliat hereto annexed, marked " B," is a statement in detail of such claim. 10. That upon the sailing of the said scliooner in May last, advances were mode to the hunters based upon a full season's catch, and said huDtcrs will, upon payment of sucii j claim, be entitled to and will receive their share thereof. jj and huntint; 371 Aiui I, Ricliaiil Hull, nmke this solemn declaiation, conscitntiously believing the same to be true, and by virtue of the Act res[)eclin^ Extra-Judicial Oaths. HICHARI) HALL. 10 ue iriiL, iiiiu uy VMLue ui tiie /vei ies|)ei;iiii^ nxii a-iiuuiuirti v^uiiis. Declared by tlie said llicharci ILill at the city of Victoria, British Columbia, the Itli (lay of October, a.d. 1889. (Signed) Before me, (Si-ned) A. L. Bklyka, .1 Nolnri/ Public Inj Roijal tiuthorUij in and for the Provimi' of Briti.ih Columbia, rrsidiny anil jniirfiKint/ at Victoria aforesaid. Inelosure (J in No. 2.^."». (B.) Din.vir.KD Statement of Claim by Owners of British Schooner ",)u;inita" au'ainst the Government of tlie United States of America. (i'JO smUkiiis tiiken fioni "Jiianiti'' i]i lieliriiit;'s Sta liy Unitc.l Slates' stciiincr " Itieliurd Riisli," :it S dollars per skin 1,178 si'al>kii;s, halaiicc of an cslimiited riitcli of 1,S00 sealskins by i\\'- ".tunnita" for the full scnson of l8Si) in Behring's Sea, at 8 doUiivs per skin . , . , 12 Bpears, at 3 dollars ., Cost, of obtaining new ship's ]Kipers .. .. .. ,. Legal Olid other expenses incidental to the seizure .. Duls. e. ■1,!)(10 00 y,l-21 00 ;J6 00 ■Jo 00 250 00 Total (Signed) 11,605 00 liJCHARD HALL. This is the exhibit (B) referred to iu the declaration of Richard Hall hereto annexed, niatle before me the l4th day of October, 1889. (Signed) A. L. liiorA'EA, Notary Public. Inclosure 7 in No. 256. Deputy Oovernor Ritchie to Lord Knutsford. My Lord, Ottawa, Noucmbcr 15, 1889. WITH reference to my despatch of the 2.'^rd September last, relating; to the seizure in Bchrinfj's Sea of the British schooner " Pathtinder " by the United States' Revenue cutter " Rush," I have the honour to forward herewith a copy of an approved Minute of the Privy Council submitting the claim to compensation of the nmnau:ing owner ot tiiat vessel for the loss sustained by reaion of her seizure by the United States' atitliorities. I have, &c. (Signed) W. J. RKICHIE. Inclosure 8 in No. 255. Rejwrl of a Committee of the Honourable the Privy Council, approved by his iixceilenry the Governor-General in Council on the 9th November, 1889. ON a Report dated the 5th Novomher, 1889, from the Minister of Marine and lislieries, submitting in connection with the seizure in lk'!;ri"ir's Sea of the British scliouiier "Pathfinder," the circumstances attending which were detailed in a Minute oi' Council dated the 14th September, 1889, formal statement and claim to com|)ensation for loss incurred by reason of the seizure of the vessel and the transfer of her cargo to the United Slates' Revenue cutter " Richard Rush," as well as tiie estimated balance of seal- skins to complete the vessel's catch, liad she not been inlorfered with in the legitimate pursuit of her calling, aggregating 20,T0ft dollars. [128] ;; ]] -j 372 Tlic Minister obseivcs that the cliiini is advanced by Mr. William Muns-e, of the firm of Carne and Muiisie, of Victoria, inannginj? owner of tlie vessel in question, and he recoiiin;ends liiat this claim be forwarded Ihrougli the proper channel to Her Majesty's GovcrnnK'iit for transmission to the Government of the IJiiited States. 'I'he Coni'nittee advise that yonr Exccllcmy he moved to forward cojjics hereof to the Hipht Honour.. hie the Setiefary of State for the Colonies, for transmission to tlie Govern- ment o( the United States, as reconunench'd by tlie .Minister of Marine and Fisheries. All which is respectfully submitted for vour Ivvcellcncv's approval. (Sifincd) ■ JOHW J. McGKI^:, Clerk, Privy Cnuvcil. Inclosure 9 in No. '2.").'). Affidavit of Wllliain Mimsie. City of Victoria, Province of British Columbia, Dominion of Canada. I, WILLIAM MU>:S|R,of the city of Victoria, in the Province of British Columbia, Donn'tiion of Canada, merchant, do solemnly and sincen ly declare as follows : — 1. I am a niemlier of the firm of Carne and .Mnnsie, merchant, of the said city of Victoria, the said firm beins: composed of IVederio Carne, .Junior, ot the sanie place, and myself. 2. The said Frederic Carne, .Junior, is the registered owner of sixteen shares of the hereinafter nuntiiMied schooner " I'athlinder," of the I'ort of Victoria ; I am the registered owner of sixteen shares of the said schooner, an i the said linn are resiistered (jwners ol the reniiircirp; thirty-two shares. I am the mana,a,inL: owner of the said schooner. 3. Tne said schooner " Batiitinder" cleared at the Custom-house, Victoria, aforesaid, on the 17th day of Apiil, A.d. 1889, for a hunting and sealinjj voyajje in the North Pae',lic Ocean and nehring's Sea, and sailed on the 18tli day of April, a.u. 1889. A. On the said voyage William O'Lcary was master, and Andrew Davidson was mate. The ciew con-isted of a cook, twelve seamen, and live hunters. .'). On the 24lh July last I received from the said " Pathfinder " by the seiumner "Wanderer" from the noith, ^utH sealskins which had been caui^ht by the " Pathfinder" in the Pacific Ocean on her way northward to Bchrin};'s Sea. (!. On the :V)*\\ August last the said " Patlifinder " returned to Victoria aforesaid, hnvii'ff on hoard an oHieer from the United States' siteainer " Hielmrd Hush." Ca|ituia O'l larv ri'iiorted to me that on the 2!3tl) dav of .Jnlv last the said United States' steamer "Richard Kush " hailed liiu) in Behrin,:,''s .^ea uboiit .'i7° 24' north latitude ami 171° 55' west lonjjitude, and ordered him to heave to. The " Pathfinder " was immediately boarded by o!iieers from the said " Richard !{ush." The ofiicer in charge seized the "Pathfinder" and took away all the sealskins on board (M.')4), eight shot-fiuns, four rilie.s six boxes of amimuvtion, a (piantity of salt, and the ship's pa|)crs. He left an otiieeroii board in chari^e, and ordered Captain O'Leary to take the " Pathfinder" to Port of Sitka, in Mie Ttriiiory of Alaska. 7. .At the time of such seizure the scaling season in Behrinj^'s Sea was less than half gone, and F verily believe that had the " Pathfinder " remained unmolested in Behrin,i;'s Sea until the close of the season she would have caught not less than 2,100 sealskins. I have this on inlbrmaticMi given me by the saifl Captain O'Lcary and by Cuptuiii Baker, ot the schooner " Viva," also owned by us and managed by myself, who was in tlie Bohriags Sea the whole season of 1S89. The hunting eiiuipment of the said two schooners was obuut ecpiul. A lew davs before the" Pathfinder" was seized as aforesaid, she was spoken by the "Viva." At that time the " Pathfinder" had •11 !) sealskins on board, and the " Vivu " 420. The " Viva " cauzlit in the full season in Behring's Sea 2,182 sealskins, and for llic year a tot.il of 3 041 skins. 8. In the year I&S8, and this year 1880, the said firm of Curne and Munsic shipped their sealskins to London on their' own account, and hereto annexed, marked (H), is a copy of the account sales of part of the catch of the " Pathfinder " for the year 1888 ; ami heicto annexed, marked (C), is n copy of the account-sales of the soid " Pathfinders catch of seals in the spiing of 1880, before noing north. The sealskins per f^rst account Rales (1888) netted the snid firm at Victoria, British Colmnbia, about 12 dul. 25 c. per ekm, nud, per the second account sales, they netted the said firm about 10 dol. 30 c. per 373 skin at Victoria, British Columbia. The catch of 1889 was a spring catch, which always contains a larger pcrceiitage of small skins than the summer and fall catches, and hence realize less per skin on an even market. 9. 1, for myself, the said Frederic Came, Junior, and for the said firm of Came and Munsie, claim damages against the Government of the United States ot America for the seizure of the said " Pathfinder," and for the taking and detention of the said 854 seal- skins, and (or 1,?46, the balance of the estimated catch of 2,100 in Behrmg's Sea for a full season ; also for the guns, rifles, anmiunition, salt, and ship's papers seized as afore- said; and for legal and other expenses incidental to, and arising out of, such seizure, and tlie preparation and submission of this claim therefor, and interest thereon at 7 per cent. per annum. !0. Hereto annexed, marked (A), is a Statement in detail of such claim. 11. 1 am in constant comrnunicatiou with my agents in London, England, and from information I have received from such agents, I verily believe that the price of summer and fall catches of sealskins from Noith Pacific Ocean and Behring's Sea for 1889 will be fully up to the price obtained for the " Pathfinder's " catch, sold as i)er account-sales (B), hereto annexed, namely, 12 dol. 25 e. per skin net, at Victoria, British Columbia.' I'i. That 1 have paid in full the crew and hunters of the " Pathfinder " for the season of 1889, including the sums due to thcni in resjiect of the Soi sealskins seized as aforesaid. And I, William Munsie, make this solemn declaration, conscientiously believing the same to be true, and by virtue of the Act rcsjiecting Kxlra-.hidicial Oaths. | Declared by the said William Munsie, at Victoria, the 18th day of October, a.d. 1889, before inc. (Signed) WILT.IA.M MUNSIE. (Signed) Akthuu L. Bkta'Ka, A Notary Public Inj Royal authority in and for the Province of British Columbia, residing and practising at Victoria, British Coluntbia. Wm was mate. ates' steamer Inclosurc 10 in No. 255. (A.) Statement of claim by owners 'of schooner " Pathfinder" against the Government of the United States of America, for seizure in Behring's Sea on the 29th Julj', 1889. 851 n'lil'liiiis (sriz d). 1,240 bkins, linliinci! ut ustii.ialcd culoli by " Pathfinder" for full sonson 1889 in bc'liring's Siii, 2,100 Ptiiiis, lit 12d(i). i!.5r. niph 8 KliNt-^uiiH, nt '2'> diillaiN I'ucU . . . . . . . . • . 4 rlH>^, lit 'Jo dulliirs eiicli .. ., .. .. .. () Ijoxpb iiiiiumiiitiiiii, at Miy ,. ., ., .. .. t'ult . . ('(i>t or iililiiiiiiii^ new sliiji'ij impcrs ,. .. ., >. I.igitl iind otiii'r rxii'iiKis lui.-iiij^ uut of, uiiJ iiioidcntal to, euch seizure .. Total Dol. c. '.>;j,7'J5 00 ■1 10 00 100 00 L'OO 00 •2r> 00 25 00 i>oO 00 •JO.TtiS 00 And intrroBt tlioroon ut 7 jicr ci'iit. per aiiuiim until puid. (Signed) WILLIAM MUNSIE. This is the Statement of claim referred to in the declaration of William Munsie, as marked (A), iicreunto annexed, and made the 16th day of October, 1889. Before me, (Signed) A. L. Belyk.*.. Notary Public, 374 United States' Revenue Steamer "Rush," Lat. 57° 24' N., Sir, Lomj. 171° 55' W., Behring's Sea, July 29, 1889. You are hereby ajjpointed a special otiicer, and are directed to proceed on board tlie schooner " Pathfinder," of Victoria, British Columbia, this day seized for violation of section 1956, Revised Statutes of tiic United States, and assume charge of said vessel, her officers, and crew, twenty white men all told. Excepting; tlic navigation of the vessel, which is reserved to Captain O'Leary, and which you will not interfere witli, unless you become convinced he is proceeding to sotiic other port tlian your port of destination, in which event you are authorized to assume full charge of the vessel. I'lverythiiig being in readiness, you will direct Captain O'Leary to make the best of his way to Sitka, Alaska, and upon arrival at that port you will report in person to the United States' District Attorney for the District of Alaska, and deliver to him the letter so addressed, the schooner, her outfit, and the persons of Captain O'Leary, Mate, A. Davidson, and set the crew at liberty. After being relieved of the property ami persons entrusted lo your care, you will await at Sitka the arrival of the "Rush." Respectfully, (Signed) L. C. SIIEPARD, Captain, United Stales jRevenue Marine. T. W. Hunter, Special Ofticer. WILLIAM MUNSIE London, July 14, 1889. {Prompt, July 18, 1889.) Account Sales. Sold by order and for account of Messrs. Came and Munsie, a. p. sale. Per " Pathfinder." Lot. 10. U. 12. 13. 14. 15. C. and >r, 1'. 6 mid p. 1 1 casks snitcd Cur-senl sUins. 07 Bmnll fm-soiil skin!!, nt 50.v. cncli 101 lui){0 i)ui)s ditto, lit 53j. csicli 7! niiddlinj? ditto, lit Sis. cnoh .. 'J7 Kiiiall (liUo, at 1 Is. lach ;i.') " ox " diuci, at '27i. WK'li 1 iiiiddHiii; ditto, nt lils. encli 2 Hinall ditto, nt .lis. each 080 Discount 2^ per cent. Jiinf 24 — I.iindiii); cliurKes, tclcf^rams, &c. , . . llousiiij; and utrikiii};, 380 at 3.v. 9r/. per 100 Piling away to sorter, 3K0, at Is. lO^i/. per 100 Wcinliiiijj lor average, 100, at 2,s-. (V/. per 100 CeHsiiijj Cor assmtnienf, 380, at 2.v. (!l >U 14 3 7 1 2 ii 7 u 4 III li I 11 3 3 17 1 Id 3 li i;t 1 1 10 2 4 11 22 S — 30 II U 81.-. n 4 (Signed) CULVERVVIilJ.. UROOKS, vxn Co. WILLIAM MUNSIK. 375 This is the exhibit marked " C " referred to in the deeiaration of William Munsie, | made before me the 18th day of October, 1889. (Signed) A. L. Bklyea, Notary Public. Per " Pathfinder." p. 10 casks salted fur-seal skins. I,ot. £ s. rf. 1. l.'i small fur-seal skins, lit 49j. each . . .. 31 17 2. 110 larjic pups rlilto, at 58s. each .. .. .. 319 ; ;i. 107 iniildlinK ditto, at 58». each .. .• ., 310 6 4. .59 small ditto, at 51 1. each .. 150 9 6. " ex." ditto, at 27s. each .. .. 12 3 2 middling ditto, at 27s. each . . . • .. 2 14 6. 81 laifrc ])ups ditto, at 52.!. caeh .. .. .. 210 12 7. 82 laij;<' I"'!'*' ditto, at 53.s. each . . .. .. 217 6 8. 71 middling ditto, at 52s. each .. .. 184 12 n. 31 small ditto, at •13s. each .. .. •• •• 60 13 ^^■^ 565 1,505 12 —m— Discoiint 2^ per cent. • • .. 37 12 10 1 467 19 Nntemhtr 1 — £ s. d. Landing charges, telegrams, &c. .. .. .. 17 Housing and slriking, 505, at 3s. 9(/. per 100 .. 1 1 2 Piling iuvav to sorter, 505, .at Is. 10j(/. per 100 .. 10 ■Weighinu ibr average, 150. at 2s. dd per 100 .. 3 9 Cessing for assortment, 565, at 2s. 6rf. per 120 .. 11 9 Qnnitiiig at delivery, 565, at l.v. 3(/. per 100 .. 5 11 Rent on 5f'.'), at 6 p'. 120 p. wk., 5 wks. .. 11 9 Shuwiir; for puhlie sale, lotting, Sic. .. 16 11 4 18 10 .\llowance, 20 percent, on £4 Is. 10(/, .. 16 4 4 2 Assorting for sale, 505, at 5s. 2iil, per 100 . . .. 1 9 4 Puhlie s;de charges, advertising. &e., lots, at 3s. 6(/. Kor insurance .. .. •• •• .. 1 .. 1 .. 75 11 6 17 8 5 8 o 1 n D Commission, 5 per cent. . , •. •• 1,383 12 6 (Signed) WILLIAM MUNSIE. | December 4, 1888. This is the cxiiibit marked " li " referred to in the declaration of William Munsie, | made before mo tiie 18th day of October, 1889. (Signed) A. L. Bioltea, Noturii Public. Messrs. Carno and Munsie, We have this day sold for your account at imblic auction the underinenl.ioncd good^ | in conformitv witli the sale conditions. Prompt", tlie 4th December, 1888. Discount, 2^ per cent. Ex " Pathfinder." v. 10 casks, I/it. I. 13 small sailed fur-seal skins, at .. .• • * ., 40s. eacli. 2. 110 large pups ditto .• .. 5hs. „ ■ 3. 107 niiililluig ditto.. .. .. 68,«. „ ■1. 5(1 small ditto 1 1 .. 51,1. „ 5. 11 ex sundl ditte • • .. 27s. „ •> niidilling . . • • • • •• . • .. 'i~'. ,. (i. HI liir;;e pups ditto .. .. ■• . • . . 52«. ,. 7. M'J ditto, ditto . . .. •• .. S'.'s. „ H, 71 middling ditto . , • . . . 52». „ 86j. 54f. 55s. 5fij. )» 46s. 47s. n ', i.s. 32s. }t 49s. 41s. i» 32s. 15s. 47. St. Mary Axe. (Signed') CULVERWELL, BROOKS, and Co. CULVERWELL, BrOOKS, AND Co. 27, St. Mary Axe, London, February 2, 1889. Result of Sales of Sailed Fur-Seal Skins. 17.133 Xorth-wost Coast 7 «. i i 1 1 r f _p T 1 II 1 i oUercd and sola. 5,571) liouos island ) There wns aG;ain a good deinaiul for this important article at the sales held on the 1st instant, and all chi^scs sold icailily at tlio advanced prices cstahh-hed at the November auctions. The hkiiis were chicMy inircliascd hy the English, Preiich, and American buyers. There is every indication of i ices being maintained. Prices. Norlli- Coa west t. I.o! 04 Islands. J. s. s. t. Middlings and smalls . . 30 ti ■to Smalls 29 4(i 2.1 loll l.aiKt' pups .. 30 6:1 20 30 MiiliiliiK ditto 25 65 27 33 »Siiiiill ditto .. 22 41 19 2(1 Kx sniiill ilitto 19 38 1(3 21 K.s. IX, sniidl ditto .. 15 24 • • Witli Culverweli, Brooks, and C'o.'s compliments. Messrs. Carne and Munsie. Cdlveuwell, Brooks, and Co. 27, »S7. Mary Axe, London, November 0, 1888. Special lie.sult of Sales of Salted Fur-Seal Skins, November 9, 1888. 100,(H10 Alaska .. 9,(103 Noitli-wo-t Coast '• offircd and sold. 13,333 Luliua Island .. ) I Tlierc wns n large attcndiincu ,.f buyers nt these snicg, and throughout nciive competition prevailed, and on all classes an important advance was cstahlislicd. In tbc Alaska collection the smaller sizes realized relutivdy the highest prices. We quote 377 middlings, smalls, ami large pups, 28 per cent, to 2G per cent, dearer, and middlings and smalls, middline; pups, small pups, and extra small pups, 4.3 per cent, to 4S per cent. liiglier. The 9,003 North-west Coast contained one fine parcel which realized extreme rates, and on other parcels an average advance of 20 per cent, to 30 per cent was established. The 13,.3.'53 I^bo.-, Islands skins contained one good parcel of 2,000 skms, which realized 40 per cent higher rates. The other assortments were not of a desirable description, but 20 per cent, higher rates were paid. The few Alaska skins dressed ir. their natural state by a well-known English firm, sold as follows : — Middlings and smalls, 130.s\ each; small, llSs., I19s. ; largi pups, 93a-., 94s.; middling pups, 78.9. ; small pups, Gfis., 07.9. ; extra small pups, GSs, each. Tiiese prices include the cost of dressing. Prices. Alas ka. Nortl -west Lobos Islands. Coi ist. s. t. »• s. a. ./. ». d. WiKS , 23 1 o28 29 to 30 Middlinirs and Bmiills •38 to 120 33 15 , Middlings . . . . I * 88 29 45 1 27 30 Siimlls 68 lie 20 51 ( I.iir!;e ])iips 62 92 26 .'i4 24 37 Middling ditto 50 81 21 51 21 (» 37 Small ditto 42 60 19 39 12 31 U Kx. small ditto .. 50 6-' 11 29 8 20 Kx. ex. small ditto . . J , 11 26 , CJrcy ilitto . . .. 9 26 1 8 6 With Culverwell, iJrooks, and Go's compliments. To Messrs. Carne and Munsie, Odd Fellows' Buildings, Douglas Street, Victoria, British Columbia. No. 266. Colonial Office to Foreign Office, — {Received December 13.) Sir, Downing Street, December 13, 1889. 1 AM directed by Lord Knutsford to transmit to you, for the information of the .\hir((uis of Salisbury, n cojiy of a telegram which he has addressed to the Governor- General of Canada icsjiceting the proposed negotiations at Washington on the subject of a closo time for seals in Bchring's Sea. I am, &c. (Signed) JOHN BRAMSTON. Jnclosurc in No. 2.')6. Lord Knutsford to Lord Stanley of Preston. (Tek'gniphic.) Downing Street, Dvccmber 11, 1889, 9 P.M. IN reply to your telegram of (1th instant. Sir .1. f'aiiiicelole tcioiivaplis : Mr. Blaine says that bis (iovernnicnl have never .isscrled mare rlausum (loelriiK', and will make no disclaimer, but that the (juestion will !)(' diiposed of by iiiternationid agreement for close time. United Stales' (Jovermiu'iit do not "^ree to Canadian re|)resentation in negotiation I's to close time. Proceedinus woidd not be in the form of a Connnission, but a Diplo- iimtie (Conference. British Minister would bo advised by Cnnailian Assistant; and as ("inehisions would not be binding unless accepted by Governments, it would seem iiiuieeessary to press for direct representation of (Ainada. Russia would not intervene in "c^iotiations as to cnmpen,sation to British subjects. [12H] 3 C 378 No. 257. Colonial Office to Foreign Office. — {Received December 14.) Sir, Downing Htreef, December 14, 18(^9. WITH reference to tiie letter from this Department of liie IStli instant, inclosing copy of a telegram whicii had 'oeen addressed to tlie Governor-General of Canada, relating; to the proposed negotiations at Wasinngton on the subject of the establishment of a close time ibr seals in the Behring's Se:i, I am directed by Lord Knutsford to transmit to you, to be laid befoie the Marquis of Salisbury, a copy of a telegram received from the Governor-(j!eneral, in reply, communicating the views of bis Government on points connected with this matter. I am, &c, (Signed) JOHN BRAMSTON. Inclosure in No. 257. Lord Stunlei/ of Preston to Lord Knutsford. (Telegraphic.) {Received December 14, 1889.) SUBSTANCE of Resolutions passed at meeting of Coimcil yesterday : — Mare ctausum doctrine has been asserted by United States of America, by instructing; its officers to ^'i;ize vessels in mid-ocean, by setting up that doctrine in the Courts, by obtaining condci'.mation of sbii)s on that doctrine, and by selling the property of Canadians under such condemnation. Canada expects British Giwernment not to conclude arrange- ment unless Behring's Sea declared in it to be free. She adheres to opinion that ngreenient as to close season and preservation of seals should be subject to her approval as one of the parties chiefly interested in the question. Agreement as to close season should be terminable by each of the Parties to the Treat)'. Canada fails to understand objection of the United States of America to a Canadian being direct Representative of Iler Majesty's Government ; but to avoid delay, will deter witl.out further protest to course decided on by Her Majesty's Ciovcrnment. No. 2.58. Colonial Office to Foreign Office. — {Received December Ui.) Sir, Downing l^treet, December 16, 1889. I AM directed by the Secretary of State for the Colonies to rccpiest that you will inform the Mar(iuis of Salisbury, with reference to the telegram from Lord Stanley of Preston on the proposal to resume negotiations rospecting the Behring's Sea (a copy ol' which was transmitted to you in my letter of the 14th instant), that his Lordship, after conferring with Sir Charles Tnpper, is of opinion that the concMrence o( the Canadian Government in that proposal is now sufficiently complete, and that Iler iVlajesty's Minister at Washington may be instructed to make a formal communication to the United States' Government on the subject. Lord Knutsford observes with satisfaction that the Dominion Ciovcrnment, although strongly impressed with the necessity arising out of the acts which it recapitulates in the first sentence of the telegram under consideration of concluding no arrangement 7\'hicli does not either comjjrise or rest upon .; definitive assurance as to the freedom of tlie Behring's Sen, is now willing to waive the requirement that a declaratiou hy the United States' GoveriMneiit to that eflect shall ])recede the resumption of the negotiations, and to leave for iuture consideration at what tiitie and in what manner this assurance shall I)e obtained. On the second point raised in the telegram, Lord Knutsford thinks there can be no (luestion as to complying in some form or other witii the desire of Canada that no rules as to a close season shall be finally adopted unless she concurs in them. As the negotiiilions between the Repiesentatives ot the three Powers will he a diplomatic discussion "'/ referendum, and as (ireat Brita,.i has no special interest in the Hehring's Sea except on behalf of th ■ Can'ulinn fishery, this country could have no object in assenting to any conclusion' umiceeptable to the Canadian Government. The tflfiu;rani does not state the reu8ou for whicli the Donnuion Govorniuent proposes 379 that any one party to tlie Ai^reement shall Lave the power of terminating it, and, on this point, it will be desirable to consider the text of the Resolutions of the Privy Council wlicn received ; but l^ord Knutsford apprehends that, as the Dominion Government considers it demonstrable that no close time is needed for the preservation of the seals, a fortiori it holds that any close time which may he prescribed in the first instance may possibly, after trial, be found nsedlessly injurious to the fishery, and sliould be practically subject to revision. As tiie Dominion Government withdraws its stipulation for the direct representation of Canada in tlic negotiations, it will not be necessary to discuss this point furtlier at the present time, and Lord Knutsford concludes tliat simultaneously with the discussion as to the dose time, a Connuission, comprising a Canadian Representative, but upon wliich Russia will not be represented, will consider the compensation to be paid in respect cf the seizures of !*ritisb vessels, and other losses arising out of ])ast interference with them. Lord Knutsford would therefore propose, with Lord Salisbury's concurrence, to reply to th: telciiram that Her Majesty's Government is glad to find that the Dominion Govern- ment consents to the negotiation in tlie form ])roposed. and will consult tiiat Government at stiiL'Hs. and conclude no agreement as to a close time v,itbout their approval, and requests that a Representative of tlie Dominion Government may be readv to |)roceed to Washington as soon as Sir J. Pauncefote has received his instructions. I am, &c. (Signed) ROBERT G. W. HERBERT. No. 259. Foreign Office to Colonial Office. Sir Foreign Office, December 10, 18Si). I HAVE laid before the Marquis of Salisbury your letter of the lOtii instant, in whicii von inclose copies of two despatches from the Deputy Governor of Canada, forwarding cliiinis for compensation for losses sustained by the owners of the British schooners "Juanita " and " Pathfinder," in consequence of the seizure of those vessels by the United States' authorities in Behring's Sea. His Lordship directs me to request you to inform Lord Knutsford, in reply, that these chiims will be considered, together with those of other owners of vessels which have; been sci/cd, in the negotiations which it is proposed to conduct with the United States, and the commencement of which is waiting for the consent of the Canadian Govcrnmont. I am, &c (Signed) P. CURRIF. No. 2()0. The ^[(irriuis of Siilishiirii to Sir J. Pauncefote. — {Snhstnnce telei/rapherl.) Sir, Foreign Office, Decemier 17, 188!). I COaIMUNICATED to tlie Secretary of State for the Colonies your telegram "t the iiti) instant in regard to the question of reopening negotiations with tiic United Stales' (ji)vermnent on the subject of the seal fisheries in Behring's Sea. The (iovernor-CJeneral of Canaua was mado acquainted with the views of the United States' (ioveriiment, as expressed in that teleg'am, and a reply lias been received from him to the following effect : — "The Government of Canada expects that no arrangement will be conclufled with the I'liited States by Her Majesty's Government in which it is not ex])ressly declared that the lli'lu'ing's Sea is free. " Tiiey adhere to their view that any agreement as to ;p close season and the pn'servation of seals should be made subject to the a))|iroval of Canada. ;is one of the pmlics whose interests are piimarily involved ; and they consider that each of the jiarties to the Treaty shoidd have I he power of tcrminatinir the close season Aiircement. "The Dominion (iovernment arc- unable to nnderhtaiul whv the United States siiould ohjcet to Her Majesty''^ Governiuenf l)eiiig direcfly represt'nted by a Canadian D^'lcgate, luit, in order to avoid delay, they ai'e willing to defiM' without further protest to the enurse ^li'cided on by Her Majesty's Government." T am, &e. (Signed) SALISBURY. 12HJ 3 t: 2 380 No. 261. The Marquis of Salisbury to Sir J. Pauncefote. — {Substance telegraphed.) Sir, Foreign Office, December 17, 1889. 1 HAVE to inform you that tlie Secretary of State for the Colonies has had under his consideration, in consultation with Sir Charles Tupper, the views of the Canadian Government, communicated to you in my despatch of this day's date, respecting the proposed reopening of negotiations with the United States on the Behring's Sea question. Lord Knutsford is of opinion that tiiose views express with sufficient completeness the concurrence of the Dominion Government in the bases which would render such negotiations possible. Tiiey are willing to abandon their former demand that, before the opening of the negotiations, the United States' Government should make a declaration disclaiming any pretension to regard the Behring's Sea as a mare clausum. The condition under which Canada is to be consulted before the final acceptance cf any rules as to a close season would appear to present no difficulty, inasmuch as the discussions will be ad referendum. Her -Majesty's Government are not yet in possession of the text of the Resolution ol the Canadian Privy Council, recommenciing that the close-season agreement should be terminable Uj both parties to the Treaty, but there would seem to be nothing unreasonable in such a stipulation. Although the Canadian demand for a direct representative lias been withdrawn, Lord Knutsford is of opinion that a Commission upon which Canada, but not Russia, should be represented, might consider the question of compensation for losses arising out of the action of the United States' authorities at tlie same time as the discussion on the close- season agreement is being carried on. Lord Knutsford will inform the Governor-General of Canada, by telegraph, that Her Majesty's Government are glad to learn that the Dominion Government consent to the reopening of negotiations in the form proposed ; that the Uomiuion Government will be consulted at all stages of the discussion ; and that no agreement as to a close season will be com hided without their approval. Lord Knutsford will, at the same time, suggest that a Canadian representative should hold himself in readiness to proceed to Washington as soon as you have received your instructions in regard to the negotiations. You are now authorized to make a formal communication to the United States' Government in conformity with the instructions contained in this despatch. I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. No. 262. Foreign Office to Colonial Office. Sir, Foreign Office, December 17, 1889. IN reply to your letter of the IGth instant, I am directed by the Marquis of Salisbury to transniit herewith, for the information of Lord Knutsford, a copy of the instructions which have been addressed to Her Majesty's Minister at Washington,* directing hini to make a formal proposal to the (lovernment of the United States tor the resumption of negotiations on the Behring's Sea question. I am at the sanie time to sny that Lord Salisbury concurs in the reply which Lord Knutsi'ord piopcscs to return to the telegram from the Governor-General ot Canada, a copy of which accompanied your letter of the 14th instant. J am, c. (Signed) P. CURRIE. • No. 261 381 No. 203. Sir J. Pauncefole to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received Deccmher 18.) (Telegraphic.) Washington, December 18, 1889. I HAVE received your telegram of yesterday. It would be desirable that proposed communication of Colonial Office to Canada as to her consent to close season agreement Ije deferred. 1 think Mr. Blainn will agree to an arrani;ement for a fixed term, and afterwards terniiiiable at will of either party ; but I am sure he will not consent to Commission to assess compensation. I have sugiiesled that we should agree to a lump sum bufore the negotia- tion. He is considering ti.e proposal with the President of the United States. May I defer sending in a note until your Lordship has received my private letter, and until Mr. Blaine's answer reaches me ? No. 264. The Marquis of Salisbury to Sir J. Pauncefole. — (Substance telegraphed.) Sir, Foreign Office, December 18, 1889. I HAVE received your telegram of this day's date, respecting the proposed negotiations on the question of the seal fisheries in Behring's Sea. With reference to the request in the last paragraph, I have to inform you that you arc authorized to defer making a formal proposal to the United States' Government until you receive a reply from Mr. Blaine as to the possibility of agreeing upon a lump sum ibr the compensation of the owners of vessels seized by the United States' authorities. 1 am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. iiited States' No. '2C)'>. Sir .7. Pauncefole to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Receired Deccmher 2".) .\Iy Lord, Washington, Decevdier 13, 1889. AVITII reference to my despatch of the 12th instant, I have the honour to inclose iierewith an extract from the Report of the Secretary of the Treasury for the year 1889 on the subject of the seal islands in Behring's Sea. I have, &c. (Signed) JULIAN PAUNCEFOTE. Inclosure in No. 26.'). Extract from the Report af the Secretary of the Treasury for the year 1889 on the subject of the Seal Islands in Behring's Sea. THE lease now held by the Alaska Commercial Company, of the exclusive right to take fur-seals on the Islands of St. Paul and St. George, m Behring's Sea, expires on the 1st day of May next. By the provisions of sections 1903 to 1907, Revised Statutes, the Secretary of the Treasury is re(|uired to lease to proper and responsible parties, for the best advantage of the United States, having due regard for the interests of the Govern- nieiit, the native inhabitants, their comfort, maintenance, and education, the right of taking fur-seals on the islands named, and of sending vessels thereto for the skins so taken, for the term of twenty years, at an animal rental of not less than 50,000 dollars, and a revenuo tax of 2 dollars upon each fur seal-skin taken during the continmince of the lease. Thesj provisions impose a large measure of responsibility upon the Secretary, and the official record of legislative proceedings in the last preceding session of ('engross indicates that it is the will of that body that such discretion should remain as originally provided in the Statute. The present lessees of the seal islands |)ay an ani\ual rental of .'jJJ.OOO dollars and a combined revenue tax and royalty of 2 dol. 02^ c. per skin, and an experience of twenty years has shown the capability of the leasing system, when faithfully administered, to respond to the various public interests concerned. 382 The Pribylov Islands are now the only important sources of supply for merclian table seal-skins. The herd which makes those islands its home i; variously estimated to number from 4,0(10,000 to 0.000,000 seals, but the Treasury agents on duty at the islands liavc negnn tn note an apparent decrease in the number of seals rcsortinc; to the islands in the breeding; seasort. It is much to be desired that any sucli decrease is but temporary, for should the Pribylov herd disappear, there is none to replace it. It is estimated that upwards of .'KlOjOOO seals were killed by unauthorized sealing-vessels during the brcpdnm seasons of 1S88 and ISS!), and as the great nuijority of these were cows, tliere was an almost e(|ual loss of pu[) seals. It is obvious that the herd nmst soon disappear unrier such a ileeimation of its productive members, even if the habitual use of fire-arms did uot tend to drive the seals away from their haun's in advance of their extermination. The Act id" the "ind March, 1889, confers all the needed authority upon the iCxecative to protect the seals within the waters of the United States, but an appropriation is necessary to provide effective means for exercising that authority. Tliere are not eiion^di Revenue-cutters at tlie disposal of the Department to ])roperly police the scaling-grounds during the dense fogs that prevail throughout the breeding season, and the great number of petty vessels engaged in marauding would render it impossible for their captors to furnish ))rize crews to take them all to Sitka for condemnation. The present state and prospects of the industry seem to call for ])rompt and energetic measures to preserve the valuable Pribylov herd from destruction or dispersion. It is suggested that a sutHeient force of cruizing-vessels should be chartered, equipped, and manned, as auxiliary to such Revenue-vessels as could be spared from stations, and a dep6t for prisoners established at Ounalaska, whence; tliey could he transferred to Sitka, and dealt with according to law It is believed that two or three seasons of energetic effort would break up the prcseit destructive and threatening ojierations. No, 2G(i. Sir J. Pduiicpfotc to thr jV«)7/»/.v of Snlinbiiri). — {Ki'Crlird Dcrcmher 127.) (Tclogmpliic.) Washinnton, Dcrember 20, 18Si), SEIZURES in Reliring's Sea. SecretaiT of State has been at New York during past week. I renewed discussion as to compensation this inorniug. lie stated that he had decided to reply to the protest of Her ^lajesty's Government of f )ctober last, in order to place on record before the world the precise grounds on wliioh his Government justify the seizures of our vessels, so that any eonipensation given may not be construed as an admission of wrong. He begged rao to assure your Lordship that his reply Avoiild be sent in a few days, would not in any way embarrass the negotiations, and 1 will telegraph suhstanco to your TiOrdship, and suspend further action pending its receipt. No. 267 Sir ./. Pdinirrfnte tn the Mitrqiiis of Snlishiirij. — (Ih'reinril January 6, 1^90.) My Lord, U'axliimjtoii, Dpcemhrr --0, 1880. I HAVE the honour to report that I called on Mr. Mlaine this morning on his ntuin from New York, where he has been during the past vveek. and renewed the difccussion ns to the question of compensation for the seizures in Behring's Sea. In the course of the conversation he informed me that, on further consideration, he had decided to reply to mv protest in order to place on record before the world the preoisc L'roiuids on whifdi the United States' Government justify the seizure of the Canadian vessels, so I hat any compensation which may be granted may not be interpreted ns tai admission of wrong. lie begged me, at the same time, to assure your Lordship that the ])r()poscd negotiations wo\dd not he embarrassed in any way by his reply, and that he would send it in a few days. I v.ill tcdc!;!"!pli the substance of his n;)te to your Lordship as soon as I shall received it, and 1 i?rnission to tiie United States' (Jovernment, a copy of an approved Report of a Coniinittce of the I'rivy Council, submitting formal statements and claim to compensation, on behalf of the owners, for loss incurred by reason of the said vessel being interfered with in the legitimate pursuit of her calling, I have, &c. (Signed) STANLKY OF FRKSTON. Inclosure 2 in No. 269. Report of a Committee of the Honourable the Privy Council, approved by his Excellency the Governor-General in Council on November Ifi, 188f). ON a Report, dated the 11th November, 1889, from the Minister of Marine and Fisheries, submitting, in connection with tlie warnlng-ofF from the Ik'hring's Sea of the Britisli sealing-schooner " Triumph," the circumstances attending which were detailed in the Minute of Council dated the 2'Jnd August last, made upon a Report of the 13th August last of liie Minister of Marine and risherics, formal statements and claim to compensation on behalf of the owners, for loss incurred by reason of the said vessel being interfered with in the legitimate jmrsuit of her calling. The Minister states that this claim amounts to 19,G74 dollars, and is advanced by Mr. E. Crow Haker, of Victoria, British Columbia, managing owner, on behalf of himself, Daniel JfcLean, Rosine Gibson, and John C. Blackett, as joint owners of the vessel in question. The Committee advise, on the recommendation of the Minister of Marine and Fisherie?, that your Excellency be moved to forward a copy of this Minute, together with the papers herewith annexed, to the Right Honourable the Secretary of State for the Colonies for trau'^mission to the Government of the United States. All which is respectfullv submitted for vour Excellcnev's upproval. (Signed) JOHN J. GEE, Clerk, Privy Council. Inclosure 3 in No. 2G9. Declaration of Edijar Crow Baker. City of Victoria, Province of British Columbia, Dominion of Canada. I, EDG A R CKOW BAKER, of the city of Victoria, in the Province of British Columbia, Dominion of Canada, retired Navigating Lieutenant, Royal Navy, but at present (among various other businesses) folloH'ing the occupation or calling of a Real E.state and Financial Broker in the city aforesaid, and the duly authorized managing owner of the British sealing-schooner " Triumph," do solemnly and sincerely declare as follows: — 1. That said schooner was built in April 1887 in Shelburne, Nova Scotia, purchased by myself and others, as per original register, and brought to the port of Victoria by one Daniel McLean, master and part owner, lor the express jjurpose of engaging in the business of seal-hunting in the North Pacific Ocean and Bebring's Sea, and elsewhere. 2. That said vessel was duly registered at the port of Victoria, British Columbia, by the usual method of transfer of rcgisli'v, on the 2nd December, 1887, with the port niunber 11, her registered tonnage being 87" ")1, and her olHcial number, 90,681. 3. That said vessel arrived at the poit of Victoria on or about the 2.5tb April, 1888, and after uudeigoing usual relit and outfit for her sealing voyage, cleared from the port of Victoria on or about the 5th May, 188S, for Bebring's Sea, and prosecuted that branch of tiie deep-sea fisheries known as seal-hunting, in sai 1 arm of the North Pacilic Ocean, with a crew composed principally of Indian hunters, and returned to Victoria on or about the 12th September of said year with a catch of 2,491 sealskins, and the master reported no interference or umlestation on the part of the United States' Revenue cruizers. 4. 'i'hat said catch was sold in the market at Victoria for the price or sura of 14,2ll<(lol. 7;") c., and after reimbursing all expense of outfit for the hunting period, |)ayment of hunters and crew, yielded a very handsome profit to the owners of said vessel for their season's venture. 5. That the price paid for skins during the season immediately above referred to 385 .WIS 'i dollars only in Victoriii, tliouirli 75 do!. 'I't c. and (i^ dol. M c was obtained at the iii^iiai f:dl sales in London, TSreat Britain. i>. That the registered owners of said vessel at that time were : Ed^ar Crow Baker, 21 >l)aie9 ; Walter K. Blaekett, -M sli.ircs; Oaniel McLean, 22 sliarcs, participatint,' equally ill (lie profits, and the vessel eotnnianded hy s;nne master. 7. That in Jannary ot' the present year (1S8!)), in order to make the ve>sel as stauneh ,111(1 -eawortiiy as it was possible to tiiake a vessel, not then two years old, she was docked in irravinir-dock at Escpiimalt, and coppered to !) fe-it forward and 11 feet alV, at an expense li) the owners of l,'i.'34 dol. 50 e., thereby enhancing the vahie )f said vessel from s.'J.'iO dollars to very nearly !i,;jOO dollars. H. That the primary oliject in spaiinj;' no expense to efficiently e(|uip said vessel was tliiit she might " keej) the sea" in any weather, and pi'olong her scal-huntinj; voyage until the latest moment of the season, and return to her home-port in the following season with a catch in excess of that already (pioted. !). That the declarant sent said vessel down to .'■'an Francisco on the 24th March of the jiresent year, in order to procure tiie best white hunters, sealing boats and sealing iiiitfit obtainable, and disbuised for same and jirovisions 2,0fib dol. 24 c. 10. That said vessel left San Francisco on or about the 12th April of the present vcMr with a crew consisting of master, mate, carpenter, gunner, cook and stcwiu'd, eight iiMiilers, seventeen able and ordinary siMUiien, and two tipprentices, in all thirty-two .in iiiiniiier, as per cerlilicate of shipjjing master of said port. 11. That said vessel entered and cleared from the port of Victoria on the 25th day lif.Vpril last, and sent by the declarant on a sealing and hunting voyage in the North Piicifie Ocean and Beliring's Sea at a further cost to the owners of 2,97j dol. 19 c. for iidvanecs to hunters and cre'v, provisions, sails, eciuipments and apparel, marine insurance, and necessaries. 12. That the total amount of easli at risk in said venture, Iroin commencement of voyage to finiNii on the L'Sth July, was l."),42.") dol. \'\ e., irrespective of the lay out cr wages of master. \'\. That the said schooner entered Ikhring's Sea on or about the 4th July, and having |irr'viously transhi|)ped iier outside, or coast catch, was hove to on the 1 1th July, and boarded by Lieutenant Tuttle, ol' the United States' Revenue cutter " Kicliard Rush " (as per sworn- i testimony of the inastei. 'nide on arriving in Victoriii, dated tiie 8tii August) HJio scare iiicl the vessel, examined and "eturiied siiip's papers, and ordered the sehoonei out ol IJehring's Sea, threater.ing contisealioii of vessel and catch if caught in the act of killing seals, or with skins on hoard atter lini.ig been ivarned. 14. That by reason of the threats and nieiuices of the said United States' cutter, the master was prevented from furllior prDseeutin;.' his k,L,i*iuiate business in said sea, and not wishing to incur the responsibility of threatened capture of his valuable vessel, returned to \ictoriaon the 28th July, with only seventy-two sk:ns on board, and wliieli were on hoard at tile time! of search, though undiscovered by the boarding oliicer, at least, so I am int'o.'iiied and verily believe. I."). That, from the number of skins taken by the '•Triumph" last year, with vessel partially ecjuipped only and with less experienced hunters, I conseientiouslv believe that the said schooner, in a full season unmolested and free from tear of molestation, would have taken in the neighbouriiood or2,o00 skins. Hi. That the market value ol sealskins at the port of Victoria, on or about the 1st October instant, when iji tlie usual course of events horetol'ore, the" Triumph" would have arrived after a complete season's voyage, as hercinbel'ore mentioned, was 8 dollars per skin. 17. That the declarant, on lielialf of himself and co-owners, claims damages against the Government of ti'.e United States of Aineriea for the mdawf'ul and unwarrantable inteiference, molestation, threat and ineiiace of its said Revenue cutter, whereby a heavy loss is incurred hy the owners and hunters of said schooner "Triumph," amounting to the value of the difference between the skins actually taken, and estimated catch, viz., 2,428 skins (2,500, less 72) at 8 dollars per skin, or the sum of 1!),424 dollars, and 2.50 dollars lor legal and other expenses in connection with the preparation and submission of this claim. 18. That liereto annexed, marked (A), is a statement in detail of such claim, and of the persons entitled to share therein. ly. That upon the sailing of the said schooner in .\piil and May last at San Francisco and Victoria, respectively, advances were made to the hunters based upon a full season's L'ateli, and said hunters will, upon |)ayment of said claim, be entitled to, and will receive their shiue thereof. L128] S D 886 And I, Edi^ar Crow Haker, nmkc this .solomii declaration, conscientiously believini' the same to be true, just and equitable, an;l bv virtue ot' Act respecting Extra- Judicial Oathi (Signed) EDGAR CROW BAKER, Manaijing Owner. Declared by tiie said Edgar Crow Baker, at the City ot Victoria, British Columbia, the day of November, A.u. 18»9. Before nie, (Signed) D. K. Hakims, A Notoi}/ I'lililic hij lioi/al .Inlhorili! in iind for llic I'rorinc' ';.* liritlsli dnhiiiihiti, I'l'sid'tnij and praclis'nui nl J'iiioria tiforcfdul. I licit 4 ill .No. -JGO. Detailed Stuleiiieiit ol Ciaiiii liy (-)\vners of Britisii schooner "Triumph" aguiiist rii Government of the li'nileci States of Anierii L'.-l'JH M\il-Kiii>. liiihiiiic III' an otiniaU schodiu'i' "Ti iiimi>li H ilollu 1" sUi Lcnal and otlii'i- i xii fail ital ..r ■.'.,)(l(l -..ils IHH'.I ill llclwi liv lir to |)!('|iarau"ii and su:i;i.is>i()ii urrl:i Dnllu I'.l, Ul 'I'ota I'.l.iiTl GwNKKS Oil (Jelobel lh->. I%<)(;ar f ', l!.->l<. r. naiuamni; o\\ nrr Diiiiii'l Mcl.ian. ina«U'i' maiinrr lid.-iiip (iili^'ii I!i Onl; nlai'iii Joliii ('. Itlfti'kctt, N'ifluna. lliili-li Coluniiiia ■Jl 10 ■r..iai 'i| N.B.— E. Crow IJiiker, L'piesi iitiiiu,- I). McLean's shiires liv f iiil power ol' attoriii;), and as mortjrauce in possession. .1. C. lilackett, by power of attorney, and Rusiiia (ribson',- by consent of attorney , (Signeii) EDWARD (ROW I5AKKI Minitifjiiiij Oirner. The schedule marked (A) referred to in statement, of which this form part. (Signed) D. R. Hauius, Notari/ Piddle for the Province of Briti.sk Columbia. To all to wlioin these presents shall come be it known and made manifest that I, Alexander Roland Milne, a Surveyor in ller iMujesiy's Customs for the Port of Viitoiia, British Columbia, in the Don.iinion of Canada, duly appointed as such, residing aud officiating in said capacity in the city of X ietoria, in tiic Province aforesiiid, do liereby certify that tlie paper wiilleii hereto imiiexed, dated the Mb August, iM^l), signed and 8Worn to before (ieorge Morrison, J. P., on said day by one Daniel Alcl-.eun, master of thr British schooner "Triumph," registered at the port aforesaid and engaged in the sealing business, is as it purports to be a mil, true and correct copy of the original thereof in every respect. 1 do lurther eertity that the oiiginal dueumciit was forwarded by the Collector of Customs of this port to the Department of Marine and Eisherics at Uttawii on or about the date therein named, and that 1 have lull confidence in the truth of the statements made by said master embodied in said ailidavit. Ill (cstimoiiy whereof 1 have hereunto set my band and seal of oliico at the city ol Victoria, British Columbia, this 4th day ol November, IHH'J. (Signed) A. R. MILNE, Huiveyor, i)C. 3R7 Inclosure ;") in No, 269. 'Deposilloii of Dimiel McLpfin. In tin- iiiiittc'i' of search, &<;., ;)f 'le sealiiic; schooner " 'I'liuiii])!! " hy tlic United Sti^|;ps' Revenue cutter " liiclmrd Rush '' in Behring's Sea. I, DA^'IKL JMcLEAN, of tiie city of V'icloria, in tlie Province of British Columbia, Dominion of Canada, i)einff duly sworn, depose as follows: — 'J'iiat r am master and part owner of tlie British schooner " Triumph," registered at 'e Port of Victoria, IJritish C!olnnihia, that in conformity to the laws lif the Dominion of I'annda I rciiularly cleared the said schooner "'I'riumph" for a voyage to the North Pacific Ocean and Behrinir's Sea, and tiiiit in pursuance of my le!S9, the said " Black Diamond " returned to Victoria al'ori'said, and hereto annexed, marked [\), is tiie statutory deelariition of Alexander Gault, the male ol the said schooner on siud voyage, of the cause and miuuicr of the " Black Diamond's " return to Victoria from such voyage, which said stu'ement I verily believe is true. 4. The value of the sealskins taken from the "Black Diamond" as set out in said Alexander Gault's slaleme:it was, on or about tlie 1st day of October (when in due course the vessel woiil.i have ik Hveicd her caigo of skins at Victoria aforesaid), 8 dollars per skin. 'I'he salt so taken as aforesaid was wortii ;") dolliu's. The Indian spears 4 dollars each, .and llie said I'ifle was worth 2') dollars. 5. From the actual eateh of seals made in siiiil sea during said season by other sailin? vessels, I erily believe that had the <\w\ " Uhu'k Diamond'' not been seized and her hunting voyage broken up as set out in said statement of Alexander (Jaidt. the hunters on said schooner would have cajitured at least 2, 100 sealsi. I, Alexmider Gaiilt, of the city of Victovia, mate, do solemnly and sincerely declare that :— 1. I was at the time of the occurrences heruiiiatter mentioned, cmi)loyed as mate of the sealiiii^ schooner "Black Diamond," of the port of Victoria, British C'olumbia. 2. On the 11th day of .hily last, whilst on board the said seiiooiier she then beine; on 11 sculiiig ex|)editioii, ami in lilittile fiij" '2'2' nortii, and longitude 170" 2.')' west, and at a distance of iil))ut 'A.") miles from shore we were overhauled by the " Richard Rush," a United State.-' Revenue cutter, which latter vessel liavinj< hailed us, and shouted a CDininand we were unable to understand, steamed across our steamer's bows comiielling us to come to. .\ boat was then lowered from the cutter, and l.ieuienant Tnttle, with five Dtlicr men came aboard the sehooner. The captain of our schooner asked Lieutenant Tiittle what lie wanted, and he replied he wished to see our papers. The captain then took liim down into iiis cabin, and in my presence showed him the ship s papers. liieutenaitt 'J'uttle then , iiiuke this solenm deelaration cimscieutiously believiirj; the same to he true, and bv virtue of the Act respectinu; Voluntary and h^xtru-Judicial Oaths. (Signed) MORKIS MOSS. Declared bv the said Morris Moss at the citv of Victoria, tiie l!)lh dav of Noveiiiber, Before me, (Signed) A. L, Bki.yka, Notitrji Public bi/ Hoi/al Aiilliori.i/ In mid for the Piovincc of lirittsli (!nliiiiiliia. Inclosiiri' i'\ in No. "J'lil. Stali'iiiciil (if (Jtiiiiii, I'lV uwnei' ol schooner "Lily" against the tioveinment ol' the United States o( .\ii!'iica lor seizure in Behring's Sea on the lith August, a.d. I8S1). I),.lliir.s, llllli -i'iil-i>iii> 'M'idrd . l,7li( M'MJMliiii-, lial..nci' of tnliuiiiti'd Ciiiili liy ■■ I il\ " I'ov tiill »i.'ii> ii (if ISS'.l ill Bi'l\riiij{'s Sen. •J.KM) si'iilnkiiis at S .!i.ll;ii. ., .. ,. .. ,. .. l)i,8U0 'J I liidiiin N|jc'ius. Ill 1 i1>i1Imi> ., ., .. .. .. 'Ji> U Ktu'ks suit, itt - clol. .)(( V. , , . , . . . . . . •'» I 'iibl (if (ilitiiiiiiii^ iicM hiiip's pajiurN, , . , . i . . . '2^ Iri'gul and (lUii'r ('.spciiscs urisint; out ol', and iiicidi'iital In, -ucli -I'i/.urc . . '2M) 'I'uUil .. .. .. .. .. .. 17,171) And intori'Dt theitiuii at 7 \>vv ueni. I'd aniiiiiii until |iaid, (Signed) MOHRfS MOrfS. 392 This is the Statement of Claim i ■fo-ied to as marked (A) in tin- declaration of Morris Moss, made before me the 19lii November; \88!). (Signed) A. L. liiiLVKA, Nolarti Public. In the matter of the seizure of the seiilin'z sciiooner " J.ily " by tlie United .States' Revenue cutter "Richard Rusii," on tlie (itli day of Auuust. a.d. \Sh\). I, Joiin l{eilly, of tiie eitv of \'ict .ia, ]5ritisli Columbia, master mariner, do solemnly and sincerely declare that : — 1 . I ani a master mariner, and was at the time of the oceiirrenees hereinafter mentioned, and still am master of the schooner '• Lily " of the Port of Victoria, British Columbia. 'J. On the ()th day of Aut>ust, a.d. iSH!), whilst 1 was on board and in connnand of the said schooner " Liiy." and she being then on a sealing; expedition, and iieing in latitude 55"^ 29' north, and ionsiitude 16f)° l.V west, and at a distance of about Oti miles from the nearest land, the United States' Revenue cutter " Richard Rush " overhauled the said schooner. .'5. I was first boarded by the Kirst Lieutenant, who was armed, and who asked me how many skins 1 hud on board. 1 replied that he sliould lind out himself, and said that if he wante(i to see the schooner's pa]>ers 1 would show them to him and would rendei' him assistance should he want to search the schooner for contraband goods, but I would not acknowledj^e his right to seize me for sealiiii;- on the iii}?li seas. 4, The First Lieiirciumt then returned to the cutter, and in a short time returned accompimied by another boat of the cutler whieb was in eharn;e of the Second Lieutenant. r>. They both lamc on board, and the First Lieutenant demanded of me the suirender of the sclioonei, and askinir, at t'ae same time, lor t!ie schooner's papers. 'J'his I at first declined to do, and the First Lieutenant said unless I gave the schooner's pajjcrs to liini at once he would take them by force. I then gave him the schooner's jiapers, consisting of registry, coasting licence, and clearance. (5. The First Lieutenant then ordered both boats' crew to search the schooner, and they took from my sciiooner 3o'< sealskins, all in good order. 7. He then asked me if I would give bim two sacks of salt. I told him it would be useless for me to refuse, as be could take tlieni by force, so 1 told bim to go ahead and lielp himself. He then gave me two letters, the contents of whieii were urd.nown to nic at the time, one of them being sealed, the contents of which is still unknown to me, the other certifying that he had seized the schooner "Lily" for v' ilation of the Unitecl Slutes' laws, and taken possession of schooner's papers. 8. He then told me to proceed to Sitka, Alaska. 1 asked him if he wanted me to go to Victoria or Sitka, Alaska, to which he replied that he had nothing to say but sin;ply told me his orders. !). My crew, at this time, consisted of a mate, IJeoige .McDonald, and three white men, and twenty-live Indian hunters. The Indian hunters said that they would not proceed to Sitka, antl to avdid fur, her trouble I directed the schooner course to \'ietoria, and arrived here the 1st day of ScjUendier at 7 o'clock I'.Ji. Ami I make this soleiiui declaiation conscientiously bi. lii.ving the j^ame to be true and by virtue of the Oaths OrdimnuH', is-O, (Signed) .lOHN REH.LY. Declared at the city of Victoria, IJrilisii Columbia, this 1 Ifh day of September, 1889. 13ef'ore me, (Signed) 'J'nos. Smotbolt. .hixlivi' of the I'vaci'. This is the statutory declaratii. i of .lohn Ueilly. referred to as nuu'ked (X) in the declaration olM orris Moss, made ln'fore me the 19th .November, 1H8'J. (Signed) .\. L. Hki.vka, Snlaiji Pidilir. Xo. 270. (JolonidI O/firc (d hhrrlijn Of/ice. — (Rviviveil .hiitiMnj 20.) DoiiniiKj Stri'i'l. Jnnuunj \>^, 1890. Sir, i h 1 AM directed by Lord K'nulsford to trunsniil to you, to lie laid before the Marciuis of Salisbury, a copy of a despatch and its inclosures from the (!overnor-(Teneral of 393 faniidn, forwarding a claim for compensation from the owners of the schooner " Ariel" for loss incmTcd by reason of its being interfered with by the United States' Revenue cutter "Richard Rush " while engaged in a sealing voyage in Behring's Sea. I am, &c. (Signed) R. H. MEADE. Inclosure 1 in No. 270. Lord Stunlei/ of Preaton to Lord Knutsford, My Lord. (rovertuni'iif Houne, Ottawa, December 31, 1889. I HAVE the honour to transmit to your Lordship a copy of an approved Minute of the Privy Council submitting a declaration and formal statement of claim to compensation cm behalf of the owners of the Britisli schooner " Ariel " for loss incurred by reason of the said vessel being interfered with by the United States' Revenue cutter " Richard Rush" while engaged in a sealing voyage in Behring's Sea. 1 have, &c. (Signed) STANLEY OF PRESTON. Inclosure 2 in No. 270. Rfjtnrt nf (I Coiimiittcc of tlia llonoiiriilde thr Privij Council, iiji/irored by bis E.iccllvncy the Govprnor-Genernl in Cnuncil, on December 28, 188!). OX a Report, dated the 2,"tli December, 1889, from the Minister of Marine and Fi^lu'rics submitting the a])|ieiidcd declaration and formal statement of claim to CDinponsation on behalf of tlie owners of tlie British schooner " Ariel," wliicli vessel was. on tlu- tile -Wlh ilay of July, 1889, wliile engaged in a sealing voyage in the Behring's Sea so called) boarded by three officers from the United States' Revenue cutter "Richard iiusli." The olficer searched and examined the schooner " Ariel," and questioned the master as to his voyage, crew, and catch ; and also warned him against talving seals in tiic Behring's Sea under threat of seizure of the vessel and the arrest of himself and mate. The Minister observes (hat the claim amounts to 9,498 dollars for loss incurred by reason of the said vessel being interfered with in the legitimate pursuit of her calling, and is advanced by Mr. Samuel W. Bucknani, of Victoria, British Columbia, managing ii'.'iier and master of the said schooner " Ariel," on behalf of himself and Messrs. .John M. i\\vlor and Bela R. Lawrence, of the city of St. John, New Brunswick, as joint owners of the v;»ssel in question. The Minister recommends that this claim be forwarded through the proper channel lo llor Majesty's (Jovernineiii for transmissioa to the (ioveriiment of the I'nited States. 'i"he Committee advise that your ICxcellency be moved to forward a copy of this .Minute to the Right Honourable tlie Secretary of State for the Colonies, together with the papers mentioned herein. .All which is respectfully submitted for your Kxcellcncv's approval. (Signed j .J(')HN .1. McCEE, Clerk, Privy Council. Inclosure 3 in No. 270. Jh'vlaralioii of iSainitcl IT. liucknam. ''aiiada, Province of British Columbia, City of Victoria. 1, SAMUEL \V. BUCKNA.M, of the city of Victoria, in tlie Province of British Cdhnnbia, and Dominion of Canatla, master mariner, do solemnly and sincerely declare us follows :-— 1. The hercinaller-menticmed schooner '• Ariel" is a British vessel registered at iho port of St. .Jolm, in the jirovince of New Jh'uuswick, one of the provinces of the Dominion of Canada, 2. The registered owners of tlie said schooner " Ariel" are John .M. Taylor and [128] 3 E 394 Bpla R. Lawrence, both of the city of St. Jolm aforesaid, who each own twenty-four 9)iarcs thereof, and myself, who own the remaining sixteen shares thereof. 3. 1 am the raanagiag owner and master of the said schooner " Ariel." •1, On the 9th day of February, 1881t, a.d., I ck'ared tlic said schooner "Ariel" at the Customs at the said port of \'ictoria for a lishini;- and >eal-liunting voyage in tlie North Pacific Ocean and Jk>hrin,i,''s Sea, and on tiic 1 1th day of said month sailed from said port of A'^ictoria on such voyage. 5. On and for said voyage I was muster of said " Ariel " and one Herman Smith was mate, and said " Ariel '' on said voyage carried a crew of twenty-two men all told. The said k .looncr •' Ariel " was equipped and provisioned for a full season's voyage. 6. On the 12tli day of July following, the '"Ariel" entered Behring's Sea. The sealskins wiiieh had been taken by tlie hunters on said schooner in the North Pacific Ocean had Ijeen sliipped to Victoria before entering Behring"s Sea, and no skins were on board on said 12th July. 7. The hunters on the " Ariel " began sealing on tlie 14th day of said July, and in the sixteen days following captured about 400 sealskins. 8. On the 30th day of said month of July, at about (J o'clock in the morning, the United States' Kevenue cutter " Richard IJnsii " came alongside the "Ariel " and three officers from said " Richard Rusli " boarded tiu; " Ariel." The said officers e.Kamincd and searched the "Ariel," asked tlie number of my crew, wlien I entered the sea, and how many sealskins I liad on board, and 'Earned and threatened me that if I was caught taking seals, or with fresii sealskins on board, tlie "Ariel '' would be seized, and myself and mate placed under arrest. The said officers also told me that they had seized the schooners " Patlifinder," " Black Dii.mond," and "' Minnie," and searched other vessels in the sea. Tlic officers tiien left, and shortly after the cutter sailed away. 9. Fearing to remain in Hehring's Sea lest I should lose my vessel and be myself Sut in prison, I at once sailed for one of tiie ])aN.-cs leading from the sea. On the .ilst ay of July I lost a boat with tliree men, anil remained some days in the immediate vicinity in order to pick tiiem up. On the 21st August the ".Ariel" sailed out of Behring's Sea, homeward bound, with 844 sealskins on board. On the 2nd day of September the " Ariel " arrived at Victoria aforesaid, fully one month earlier than the qsual time of arrival for sealers from Rcln'ing's Sea. 10. From the actual number of seals captured by the "Ariel" before being boarded as aforesaid and from the number actually captured by other sealing vessels, with about the same eipiipment of ])oats and men as the " Ariel." I believe that had the " Ariel " not been molested in 13ehring's Sea (and but for such boarding and threatening as aforesaid she ccrtyinly would Inive renuiined the full season) tlie said " Ariel " would have made a total catch of not less 2,000 sealskins. 11. The selling price of sealskins at said \'ictoria un the said arrival of the "Ariel" and on the 1st October, about which time sealing vessels usually arrive at Victoria from a full season's voyage, was 8 dollars per skin. 12. I for myself, the said John ]\I. Taylor, and the said Bella R. Lawrence, my co-owners in said schooner "Ariel," and likewise for the crow • <" the said "Ariel" on said voyage who were and are entitled to share in tlie total catch of sealskins by said vessel for the full season aforesaid, claim damages of and from the Government of the United States of America for tlie illegal boarding as aforesaid of tiie said schooner, and for having by threats and intimidation broken up the voyage of said sciiooncr "Ariel" and thereby caused the loss of at least l,lij(j sealskins to the said vessel, her owners, and crew, and for legal and other expenses incidental to the preparation and submission of this claim. 13. Hereto annexed, marked (A), is a statement of such claim for damages as aforesaid. And I, Samuel W. Rucknam aforesaid, make tiiis solemn declaration conscientiously believing the same to be true and by virtue of the " Act respecting voluntary and extra-judicial oaths." (Signed) SAMUEL W. BUCKNAM. Signed and declared by the said Samuel W. Bucknam the 29th day of November, A.». 1889. Before me, (Signed) AiiTiiuR L. Belyea, A Notary Public by Royal Auihorily in and for the Province of Britinh Columbia. 395 Inclosurc 4 in No. 270. SuTKJtKNT of claim against the United States ot America re boarding and tiireats to seize tlie schoonci "Ariel " in Belirini^'s Sea. July 30, 1889 :— 2,000 si'iilskiiis csliinatofl catch fm- full M'asoii. Dollars. BU „ number .ictually tiikin. '.150 „ balance of estimuted catch, claimed in (lamaifcs nt 8 dollars ,. 9.2 IS Lt'fjnl and other ■.•xpenscs inciilcnlnl to the ninkiiin and siihmissioa of this flnim .. ,. .. .. .. .. ., ,. 250 Total .. ., '.1,498 And interest thereon at the rate of 7 per cent, per annum nntil paid. This is the Statement of claim referred to in the declaration of Samuel W. Bucknam, made before me tlio 2'Jtii .November, a.u. 1H8'.). (Sifined) ..A.. L. BEL YEA, Notary Public. dainaj'es as No, 271. Sir J. Pavvciifnfr tn the Marquis of ISalisburi/. — {Recrived January 22.) My Lord, IViishinijInn, January 9, 1890. WITH reference to my despateli of the 2()tli idtimo, I have the lionour to inclose herewith copy of a Resolution which has been laid upon the table of the Senate by Senator Plumb in regard to the advertisement of the Secretary of iiie Treasury, Inviting teiidi-'rs for a new lease of the Alaska seal fisheries. I have, &c. (Signed) JULLAN I'AUNCEFOTE. Inclosure in No. 271. Extract from the " Contjressional Record" of January 1, 1890. Alaska Seal Fisheries. Mr, Plumb, — I offer a Resolution, wliich I ask maj lie upon the table, and be printed. The Vice-President. — Tlie Resolution will be read. The Chief ("lork read as follows : — " Whereas the Secretary of the Treasury iias, by pub)ic advertisement, invited bids tor leiising the Islands of St. Paid and St. (Jeorge, in the Territory of Alaska, for a period of tw('i\ty years ; and '■ Whereas tin; law under whicli said proposal is issued was passed ai)out twenty years sinco, and the circumstances antl conditi ms existing in Alaska, and with reference to the seal industry, have materially ciianged during that period ; and " Wliereas it has been chargcl upon the authority of a late Governor of Alaska that the .Alaska ("ommercial (,'ompany, now occupying said islands under lease from the (jovernment, has exercised its privileges api)ressivcly and against the interests of both till' natives and the (Government ; and •' Wliercns said Company claims that it is the only ])crson or organization whicii can successfully compete for the lease invited by tlie Secretary of the Treasury as aforesaid, and there is every reason to believe that under present legislation and conditions the lease proposed will be made to said Alaska I'ommercial Company substantially without competition. Therelore. " Resolreii, — That the Secretary of tlic Treasury be requested not to make a new lease of said islands nntil further action by Congress, or until the latest period made necessary by existing law, and that meanwhile he make full report to the Senate as to the manner in which the said Alaska Commercial Company has discharged its duties and obligations under the present lease, and also what additional legislation, if any, is necessary in order that the interests of the Government and those of the natives and citizens of Alaska may bo more fully protected." The Vice-President.-— The Resolution will lie on the tabic and be printed. [128] 8 £ 2 ^m No. 272. Sir J. Pauncefole to the Marqids of Halisbur!/. — {Received by telegraph, January 23.) My Lord, Wa.^hington, January 23, 1800. I HAVIi the lionour to inclose lierewith copy of a note which I liave received from Mr. Blaine, containing the answer of the United States' Government to the ptolest which .Mr. Edwarde.s made by your Lordship's directions on the 12th October last against the seizure of Canadian vessels mfide by the United States' Revenue cutter «' Rush " in Behring's Sea. I have. &c. (Signed) JULIAN PAUNCEFOTK. Inclosure in No. 272. Mr. Blaine to Sir J. Pamicefote, Sir, Department of State, Washington, January 22, l^OO. SEVERAL weeks have elapsed since I had the honour to receive t!irouj>h tlie hands of Mr. Edwardes copies of two despatclics from Lord Salisbury,* complaining of tlie course of the United States' Revenue cutter " Rush " in intercepting Canadian vessels sailing under the British flag, and engaged in taking fur seals in the waters of the Behring's Sea. Subjects which could not be postponed have engiged the attention of this Depart. ment, and have rendered it impcssible to give a formal answer to Lord Salisbury until the present time. In the opinion of the President, the Canadian vessels, arrested and detained in the Behring's Sea, were engaged in a pursuit that is in itself contra honos mnrrs — a pursuit which of necessity involves a serious and i)cvmanent injury to the rights of the Govern- ment and people of the United States. To establish this ground, it is not necessary to argue the question of the extent and nature of the sovereignty of this Government over the waters of the Behring's Sea ; it is not necessary to explain, certainly not to define, the powers and privileges ceded by His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of Russia in the Treaty by which the Alaskan territory was transferred to the rnitcd States. The weighty considerations growing out of the acquisition of that territory, with all the rights on land and sea inseparably connected therewith, may be safely left out of view wliile the grounds are set forth upon which this Government rests its justification for the action complained of by Her Majesty's Government. It cannot be imknown to Her ^lajesty's (iovernment tliat one of the most valuable sources of revenue from the Alaskan ])ossessions is the fur-seal lisliorics of the Bebriug"s Sea. These fisheries had been exclusively controlled by the Goveriiment of Russia, without interference and without question, from their original discovery until the cession of Alaska to the United States in 18GT. From 1807 to 188(3 the posscssiim, in which Russia had been undisturbed, was enjoyed by this Government also. There was no interruption and no intrusion from any source. Vessels from other nations passing iron! time to time through Behring's Sea to the Arctic Ocean in pursuit of whales had always abstained from taking part in the capture of seals. This uniform avoidance of all attempts to take fur seal in those waters had been a constant recognition of the right held and exercised first by Russia, and subsc(|uently by this Government. It has also l)ecn the rcc( gnition of a fact now held Ijoyond denial or doubt, thnt the taking of seals in the open sia rapidly leads to their extinction. This is not only the well-known opinion of exports, both British and American, based upon prolonged observation and investigation, but the fact had also been demonstrated in a wide sense by the wcll-oigh total destruction of all seal fisheries except the one in the Behring's Sea which tiie (jovornment of the United States is now striving to preserve, not altogether for the use of tlie American people, but for the use of the world at large. The killing of seals in the o])en sea involves the destruction of the female in common with the male. The slaughter of a female seal is reckoned as an innnediate loss of three seals, besides the future loss of the whole number which the bearing seal may produce in the successive years of life. The destruction which results from Idlling seals in the open sea proceeds, therefore, by a ratio which constantly and rapidly bee No>, 228 aai 229. :',07 increases, and insures tlio total extermination of the species within a very lirict' iicriod. It has tiiiis become known tliat tlie only proper time for the slaunlitcr of .■^eals is at the season wlion they betake themselves to tho land, berause the land is the only place wjierc tlie necessary discrimination can be made as to the auc and sex of tiie seal, [t Hoiiid seem then, by fair reasoninjr, tliat nations not po-sessin^- tlic territory upon which iCitU can increas-e their numbers by natural sr-kan Company, wiiicli, under Governmental direction and restriction, had given unwearied ])ains to the care and development of the fisheries; profitably to the Aleuts, who were receiving a fair pecuniary reward for their labours, and were ekvided from semi-savagery to civiliziition, and to the enjoyment of schools rnd churches provided for their benefit by the Government of the United States ; and, last of all, prolitably to a large body of Englisii labourers who had constant cmplo/ment and recei\e(l good wages. This, in brief, was the condition of the Alaska t'ur-seal fisheries down to the year InSCi. 'fhe precedents, customs, and rights had l)een established and enjoyed either bj' Russia or the United States tor nearly a century. The two nations were the only Powers that owned a loot of land on tho continents that bordered, or on the islands included ffiliiiii, the Bohring's waters where the seals resort to br^-ed. Into this peaceful and secluded field ot labour, whoso benefits were so eciuitahlv shared by the native Aleuts of the Pribylotf Islands, by the United Slates, and by Kngland. certain Canadian vessels in issii asserted their right to enter and, by tlieir ruthless course, to destroy the fisheries, and with them to destroy also the resulting industries which are so valuable. The Government of the United Slates at once proceeded to check this movement, which, unchecked, was sure to do great ami irreparable harm. It was cause of unfeigned surprise to the United States that Her Majesty's Govern- ment should immediately interfere to defoiul and encourage (surely to encourage by ilet'emiing) the course of the Camidians in di-tuibing an iiidustry which had been carefully develo])ed for more than ninety years imder the flags of IJussia and the United States, developed in such manner as not to interfere with the public rights or the private industries of any other peo[ile or any other person. Whence did the ships of Canada derive the right to do in 1880 that which they had letVained from doing for more than ninety years V Upon what grounds did Ifer ^Majesty's tjoverninent defend in the year l^^stJ a course of conduct in the Behring's Sea wliich she had carefully avoided ever since the discovery of that sea t By what reasoning did Her Majesty's Government conclude that an act may be committed with impunity against the rights of the United States which had never been attempted against the same rights when held l)y the Bussian J'lmpire ■■ So great has been the injury to the fislicrics from tiic irregular and destructive slaughter of seals in the open waters of the r.ehring's Sea by ( 'anadian vessels, that whereas the Government has allowed 100,<'0() to be taken annually for a series of years, it is now compelled to reduce the number to OU,il()0. If four years of this violation of natural law and neighbour's rights has reduced the annual slaughter of seal by 10 per cent., it is easy to see how short a period will he recpiired to work the total destruction of the fisheries. Tlie ground upon which Her Majesty's Government justifies, or at least defends, 398 the course of the Canadian vessels, rests u])on the fact tliat they are committini; their acts of destruction on tlic lii^li seas, viz., more than .'5 inuriiio niik^s from tiie sliove-lim; It is doubtful whether Her Majesty's (Joverrnicnt would iil)idi> liy tliis ride if tlie attotniit were made to interfere witli tiie pearl lislieries of Ceylon, whii-ii extend 20 miles from the shore-line, and have been enjoyed by Eniiland without molestation ever since their acquisition. Ji^noland has felt authorizctl to >ell the fishery rij^hts from year tn year, Nor is it credible that modes of lishin;L!,' on the Grand IJanks, alloij,etiier practicable hut highly destructive, would be justilied or even ])eniiiUed by Creat Jiritain on tiie plea that the vicious acts were committed more than ■> miles from ■.linre. There are, according' to scientilic authority, "great colonies of fish on the Kcw- foundland banks. 'J'licse colonies resemble the .seats of ;;reat populations on laud. They remain stationary, having a limited range of water in which to live and die." In these great " colonies," it is acconliug to e.\))ert judgment comparatively easy to explode dynamite or giant powder in such manner as to kill vast (piantities of fish, and at the same time destroy cuuntless numbers of eggs. Stringent laws have been necessary to ])revent the taking of tisli by the use of dynamite in many of the rivers and lakes of the United States. Tiie same mode of iishiiig could readily be adopted with effect on the more shallou- parts of the banks, but the destruction of fisli in proportion to the "catch," says a high authority, might be as great as 10,000 to 1. Would Her Majesty's Government (liiiik that >o wickeil an act could not be prevented, and its perpetrators punished, dimply because it had been cjuimittcd outside of the "-mile line? AVhy are not the two eases parallel r 'i'he Canadian vessels arc engaged in the taking of fur seal in a manner tliat destroys the power uf reproduction, and insures the extermination of the sjiecies. Jn extenniiiatiii^' liie species an article useful to mankind is totally destroyed, in order that temporary and immoral gain may Ik; ac(Hiired by a few persons. iJy the employment of ilynainile on the baidis, it i-i not jirobable that the total destruction of tish could be accomplished, hut a serious diminution of a valuable food for man might assuredly result. Does Her Majesty's Government seriously maintain that the law of nations is powerless to jircvent such violation of the common rights of man r Are the supporters of justice in all nations to be declared incompetent to prevent wrongs so odious and so destructive r in the judgment of this Government, the law of the sea is not lawlessness. Nor can the law of the sea and the liberty which it confers and which it protects be perverted to justify acts which are immoral in themselves, which inevitably tend to results against the interest and against the welfare of mankind. (.)ne step beyond that which Her Majesty's Government has taken in this contention and piracy finds its justification. The JVesident docs not conceive it j)ossible that Her Majesty's Goveriunent could, in fact, be less indiilerent to these evil results than is the Government of the United States. But he hopes that Her Majecty's Government will, after this frank expression of views, more readily coiriprehend the position of the Uovernment of the United States touching this serious (juestion. 'J'iiis Government has been ready to concede much in order to adjust all ditferences of view, and has in the judgment of the President already proposed a solution not only equitable, but generous. Thus far, He) M;.;i.'sty's Government lias declined to accept the jjroposal of the United States. The I'r.sident now awaits with deep interest, not unmixed with solicitude, any iiroposition f';r reasonable iidjustment whici; Her Mnjesty'B Government may submit. The !".''i'jle resistance to which this Govcrnnient is constrained in the Behring's Sea is, ii. ilie rresidcnt's jiulgiiient, demanded not only by the necessity of defending the traditional and long-established riglits of the United States, but also the rights of good morals and of good government the world over. In this contention, the (Jovernnicnt of the United States has no occasion and no desire to withdraw or modi'V the positions whi(;h it has at any time maintained against the cliiims of the Imperial Government of Russia. The United States will not withhold I'rom any nation the privileges which it demanded IVn- itself when Alaska was part of the Russian Mnipire. ^'or is the (jloverninent of the United States disposed to exercise in those possessions any less ])owcr or authority than it was willing to concede to the Imperial Government (A' Bussia when its sovereignty extended over them. The President is persuaded that all friendly nations will concede to the United States the same rights and jirivileges on the lands antl in the waters of Alaska which the same friendly nations always CiUiceded to the Empire of Bussia. 1 have, &c. (Signed) JAAIES G. BLAINE. 399 Xo. 273. Thr- Miirijiiis of Salishiiiii In Sir ,/, Pauuvrfntv. — . ''iuhstiniri' ti'loijrii plied.) Sir, Foiiiijn ()//lrr, .ImiiKinj I'S, 18!tO. I HAV'I'] received your tele;:rain ol the 2-jr(l iistiint. ,i;ivin!;- tlie sulistaiice of 11 note you liatl received tVcmi Mr. I'laiTJo, in reply Id tiic proposals made to the Government of the Uiiiteil Slates t'or the re'tpeninn' of iiej;-()tiations on the Brhrinf^'s Sea (Hie.ll ion. Her Alajeily's Governnient will he prepp.rcd, when tiie text of the nolo reaches them, ti) !;ive it their careful consideration, and to return a formal reply. So far as the}- are at pre-('nt ahle to ju(ii;e it lays down doctrines in inlernational law to which they would he unable to suhscriiie. .Meanwhile, they would he yiail to know wiiothcr, in your opinion, it would he ilosirahle that, in reply to Mr. Blaine's a-surance tliat "the (iovernnieut of the United States await willi deep intercut, nol unmixed with anxiety, any sufff^estion for a rfiisonalih,' adjustnu'iit of the points at is-ue lietweeii the two (lovernnienls," you should n()u malic proposals in the >ense explained in your ilespatch of the 1st Novend)cr last, with the inodiKcations which, after consultation with the Colonial Office, have heen considered necessary. 'i'he followiM-;' are the terms which Her Majesty's Government would !)e prepared to autiiorize you to jiroposc to Mr. I'laine: — ill.) Tiiat the tripartite . • ^otiaiion for securiuf;- a close time in Behring's Sea for tliu protection of the fur-seals should he resumed at Washington. (/(.) That all well-tounded claims for compensation on the part of British subjects tor seizures in the jiast of their vessels hy authorities of the United States slioidd he ilcidt with hy a separic ; negotiation as s[ieedily as possible, hut that it should be nnileistood that Her Majesty s (ioveinment must he satisfied on this jjoint before they can cduie to any setileinent in regard to a close season. (e.) Lastly, that an assurance should he obtained from the Government of the I iiited Sti'tes that there shall he no further seizures of British ships in Behring's Sea while negotiations are iiroeeeding. I am, &c. (Slanted) SALISBURY. Xo. 274. air J. Pauneefole to the Marquis of iSaiisbury. — {Received hi/ telegraph, January 30.) My Lord, WaMngton, January 30, 18!J0. 1 HAVE the honour to inform your Lordship that I think it is important that I should know the total amount of compensation which is claimed for tlie seizures of British vessels in Behring's Sea up to date before making- the propostals indicated in your Lordship's telegram of the 2'6'.\\ instant. 1 have told .Mr. Blaine that Her -Majesty's Government must have satisfaction on this point before they can agree to any settlement on the other question. Arguing from his stand-point he denies any right of conii)ensation, but he is willing, for the sake of settling so grav(> a dispute, to consult the President of tlie United States as to a gra'uitous offer of a lump sum in full salistaction, in order that discussions on items involving princii)les on which the views of the two Governments appear irrecon- cilable may bo avoided. He has, therefore, asked me to obtain the above information as soon as possible. If this difficulty he surmounted, negotiations for a close season might be commenced at once, sulyect to adequate assurances again.st further seizures, which, I think, I might he able to obtain. I have, &c. (Sisned) JULIAN PAUNCEFOTE. m)0 ■■•' -J No. •27,-j. Colonial Office to h'orciyn Of/'icr. — {Recr'ii ed Vvbrimnj 1.) Sir, DowiiiiKj tn on lu'liali of (h? owner of tlie Britisli sciiooniT " Kate," wliicii vessel was ordered from tiie llelirin;;"s Sea in Aiif^ust ia^t l)y an oliicer of the United States' IJevenue-cutter " Rieliard l^isii."' I am to add tliat tliis claim had not previously lieen received, and Lord Ivnutsl'ord has inc|uired, by telejurapli, whetiier any I'mtlier clniiiis are to be expected. i am, &e. (Si-ned) JOHM BHAMSTON. Inclosure 1 in !No. 275. Lnrfl Stinilci/ of Predion lo hard Kniitsf'nrd. My Lord, (Inrmininit ffou.sc, Olhnra, .himianj 0, 1890. I ILWH (he honour to forward herewith, for transmission to tiie Ignited States' Government, .n co|)y of an approved Report of a Committee of the Privy Council .submitlin;^ declarations and formal statement of the claim to comi)ensation on behalf of the owner of the Ihitish schooner " Kate," which vessel was on tiie ISth Aujjrust last, while ennaueil on a sealinir voyaye, ordered from the liehriiin's Sea, Ufider threat of seizure, ly an olllcer of the I'nited Slates' h'evemie cutter " Itieliard IJiisli." Yoni' L.iiiisliip will obsrrvt' tliiit th." claim amnuuls to the sum ol iL-li> dollars for loss incurred by icason of the said \ essel beinu' inli-rferred "itli in the lej;'itimate pursuit ot her calling'', and is advanced l»y Mr. Charles .Sprini;', of \'ictoria, Hritish C'>!"!nl)ia, as sole owner of the vessel in question. (Si-nedi ' ' ' STANLEY ())■ I'RESTOK. inclosure 2 in N'o. 275, Report of n Coiniiiillrc of the IhniiHiriddc Ihr Pririj Coimril, djiiirtirrd In/ his li,tri'llciini llii' Crnreriior-Ciiiirrdi ii) CfHiiiril (III Ihr 2>*lh Drrc'ilber, l>'H!t. ON a h'epori, dated 2Tth ifecember. 1S8',), from Ihe Minister of Marine ami Fisheries, sulnnittinu' the appeiuled di'darations and formal statement of the claim to compensation on behalf of the owner of the Jiriiish schooner " Kate," which vessel was on the l-'Stb ..Aiiuu^t. IS.'S'.t. while enaaiied on a sealiny- voyajje, ordered I'roin the lielirini;''s Sea (^siz-culled » under threat of seizure by an ollieer of the United States' Kevenue-eutter " J{iehard Kiisli." The MiuisU'r libserves ilia! the cl.iim Mimmnts to i 1,210 dollars for los> inclined by reason of the .-niid vessel beini;' interfered with in the legitimate pursuit of her calling. and is advanced by Mr. Clnirles .SprioL;', of \ ieloria, Ih'iti^h Columbia, as sole owner of the schooner in (jiieslion. 'i'lie jMiuislt'r recomiin'iids that this eliiiiii be lorwiinled tliro'mii lbi' proper channel to Her .Nlajesty's ( loveriimeiit lor transmission to the (iover. aeul of tiic United Stales, The ( Onmiittee advise thai yiuir l'Aceileiie\ lie inn\(il lo I'd; waul a ('()|iy of this Minute, touelher with the papers nientioited iiereiii, to the Hi};'hl llonouiablo the Secretary of Stale for the C<'loiii>s, All of uliieii is re-|ieclfullv subiiiilted for your llxcillenev's ap[iroval. (Sij,'ned) .IOI'LN .1, .MitiKK, Civrk, Privij Council, 401 [ii-(l Knutst'ord li.ivllriiiti till Appendix. Canada, Province of British Columbia, City of Victoria. , I, Neils Moss, of tlie city of Victoria, ])rovincc of British Columbia, Dominion of Canada, master mariner, do solemnly and sincerely declare as follows : — 1. The hereinafter mentioned schooner "Kate" is a British vessel, registered at the port of Victoria, British Columbia, and owned by Charles Spring, of the same place. ■_'. On or about the Ist June, 1S80, 1 cleared the said schooner "Kate," as master thereof, at the Customs-house, port of Victoria, for a fishing and hunting voyage in the North Pacific Ocean and Behring's Sea. On the following day the " Kate " sailed on said voyage, fully equipped and piC'isioned for a whole season's voyage, and carrying a crew of four men. 3. ( !n the west coast of Vancouver Island ' engaged and took on board sixteen Indian hunters ard sailed northward, entering Behring's Sea on or about tlie 20th July following, having then on hoard twenty-four seal-skins caught outside Behring's Sea. 4. A few days after Citering the Sea the hunters l)cgan ta'i'ng seals, and continued to do so up to the 13th August following, on which day the "Kate" had on board 630 Bcal-skius. 5. On said 13th August, at about (! o'clock in the evening, the United States' Revenue- cutter " Kichard Rush " steamed up to the " Kate," within hailing distance, and an ollicor asked me what 1 was doing. I rejilied timt I was fisliing. lie said that he had orders to order all schooners out of lUdiring's Sea if cauglit sealing, and if he saw me a<;iiin in the Sea he would seize me. The wind was blowing a gale at the time, and the cutter steamed away. (). in conse(picnce of what iiad been said to me by the otflcerof the said cutter [ at once determined to leave the Sea and not risk seizure, and on the Kith day of the said month of August the ''' Kate " sailed out of Behring's Sea by the Ounimak Pass, and sailing south reached N'ictoria about the Kitli September, alter some days' delay on the ni'»l coast of Vancouver Island. 7. Before being spoken by tlie said cutter, my intention was to remain in Hebring's Sea until the 1st September, and witli the hunters I bad and average weather I verily IkIIcvi' that by the 1st Si;ptember, had not the '• Kale" been ordered to leave the Seu ;iuil threatened with seizure if seen again by the said <'ii((er, tiu^ said " Kate" wouhl have made a total catch of not less than 2,00(> seal-skins. Tlu' best part of the scaling season ill the said Sea was about beginning, and iii the three days just preceding the said null August the hunters on the " Kate" brdugbl in about TiOii seal-skins. I. \eils Moss, afcresaid, niakr this soleum declaration, conscientiously believing the sii.ic to be true, and by virtue of the "Act respecting extra-judicial oaths." (Signed) NEILS iMOSS. Signed and declared by the said Mcils Moss, the 7th day of December, a.i>. I88f(, lict'oie nie. (Signed) .A urn an L. I^iuaka, Nolnry PiO'lr by Rnijitl Aullioriti/ In niiil for llif I'ldiincc (it lirill.ili Coliniibiii. (lie iiunor of CiiiiadM, Province of Uritisb 'oluinbia, Victoria. I, (.'harles Spring, of the city of N'ictniia, province of British Columbia, Dominion III ''niuida, trader and ship-owner, d'> soleniiil) and sincerely dechirc as follows: — i. I aiu tile so'.i' owner of the schodiief • Kate," of the port of \ ictoria. aforesaid. 'J, I have read (be declaraliun nl' Nvds Moss, I he master (if said scli(niin'r on .1 Maliug voyage to tli" North Pacilic Ocean anil Beliiing's Sea in 18H!), and verily li'licvc the same to be true. "i. The marUel value of seal-skins at \' ictoria, aforesaid, at or about the time the ■'vail'" anivt.'d IVoiii said voyage and since thai lime, wii.s, and now is, ts dollars |u'i' skin. ■I. I, on my imii behallanil on liehcll el the crew of said schdoner, claim damages »: and from the (idvernmeni nf the I'nited Slates 'f Ami.'rica Cor having, by fnrce of (iircais anil intimidation, compelled the master ot said scL, inner on said voyage to leave h('lniiig"s Sea bcfure the close of the sealing season, and thus deprivinu- the erew and Hwiur of said vessel of the bcnelils and piolils of ,, i'ul! season's calcli ol' .-.enl-Hkiiis. [128J 3 F 402 I also claim compensation for legal, personal, and other expenses in connection with the preparation and submission of this claim for damages, and hereto annexed marked (A) is a statement in detail of such claim. And I, Charles Spring, make this solemn declaration, conscientiously believing the same to be true, and by virtue of tlie " Act respecting extra-judicial oaths." (Signed) C. SPRING. Signed and declared by the said Charlcn Spring, the 13th day of December, a.d. 1889, before me. (Signed) AiiTHUR L. Beltea, A Notary Public by Royal Authority in and for the Province of British Columbia. Dollar!. Statement of Claim by Owner of schooner " Kate." •i.OOO seal-skins, cstimiited catch by ••Kate" for lull season of 1889 in lipliriu);'s Sea. CtO less number taken up to 13th Aiii;ust, ISSn. 1,37 I balance, nt 8 dollars per skin .. .. ., .. .. 10,960 Legal and other expeiiseo in preparation and submission of this claim . . 250 Total 11,210 And interest thereon at 7 per eeut. until paid. This is the statement (A) of claim referred to in the declaration of Ci»j 'i^s D^'iu, , made before me the 13tii day of December, 188'.>. (Signed) A. h. HELYEA, Notary Public. No. 276. '^^% The Mnrijuis of Salisliury to Sir ,f. Pauncefotv. — {Substance telegraphed.) •Sir, Forcian Office, February 1, 1890. 1 HAVE to acknowledge the receipt of your telegram of the JJOlli ultimo, asking to be informed wluit is tiie total amount of the compensation claimed on account of the Uriiisii vessels seized up to ditto liy tlie United States' authorities in Hchring's Sea. You are iuitliorizcd to inform Mr. Blaine tliat the claims wiiich have becfi presented to Her Majesty's (loveninieiit amount to about 500,000 dolhirs. Her Alfijesty's tJovcrnnietit woidd, of eoursc, be willing to subject them to further examination, and probably ooiisidoniMe reductions would be found to be admissible. Should differences of opinion aiise as to the amounts to be awarded in the several cases, Her Majesty's (iovornment might not be indisposed to agree that they should be referred to arbitration. I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY m U\. \Li I. The .V/flrf/ui.i of Salisbury to Sir ./. t'ounc'/otf,— (Substance telegraphed.) Sir, Fnrfitjn Office, February 1, 1890. I HAVE to int'orm you that the claims for c<..iipensation for the seizure of British vessels in Beliring's Sea, submitted by the (Canadian (Jovertiment, have boon revised at the Colonial OlHee, and should not exceed 400,000 tiolliirs. A summary of the various claims will be sent to you by mail this ovoniiig. I am, &c. (Signed) SALlSBUUi'. !embcr, A.D. 1889, 408 Jfo. 278. Foreign Office to Colonial Office. ' Sir, Foreign Office, Fehrunri/ 6, 1890, I AM directed by the Marquis of Salisbury to state tbat his Tiordship would be glad to be favoured with any observations whicii Lord Knutsford may have to oft'er on the reply of the United States' Government to the protest of Her Majesty's Government against the seizures of Canadian scaling-vessels in Beiiring's Sea by the I'nited States' autliorities.* I am, &e. (Signed) P. CURRIE. Notary Public, SALISBURY No. 279. Colonial Office to Foreif/n Office.— Sir, -{Receiied Fehriiarii 7.) Downing Street, February G, 1890. WITH reference to the last ]>aragraph of the letter f-om this Department of the 31st ultimo, I am directed by Lord Knutsford to transmit to you, for Hie information of tlie Marquis of Salisbury, copies of telegraphic correspondence with the Governor- General of Canada respecting the claims on account of the seizures made by the United States' Revenue cruizcrs in Behring's Sea. 1 am, &c. (Signed) UOBKRT G. W. HERBERT. Inclosure 1 in No. 279. Lord Knutsfc'd to Lord Stanlej/ of Pre.slon. (Telegraphic.) Downing Street, .January J50, 1890. I SHOULD be glad to know if there sue any furtlier claims for compensatioa Beliring's Sea, and what they amount to. Inclosure 2 in No. 279. Lord Stanley of f'reston to Lord Knutsford. ^iJj (T.slegraphic.) {Rereired at the Colonial Office, February 4, i><90.) fTHEIil'] is one additional claim for comi)ensation " Minnie," Ki.KiO dollars, 1 am ■J ding summary of claims by post, ami have forwarded a copy to Her Majesty's v£* *'..nisier at Washington for his information. No. 280. Sir J. I'auncefole to the Mari/uitt of SaliDbury.— {Heceired by telegniph. February S.) My JiOrd, H'ushiuginn, February 7, 1890. THK terrible cnhimity which has befallen the family of the Secretary of the Navy and the renewed atlliction in the family of the Secretary of Stale, both of which events I Imd the honour to report to your Lonlsliip by teli'gr;im, have tii^layed the further piDgress of the negotiations respi'cling ihe liehring's Sea (pu'stion. Hut as soon as was jiraeticablo after the receipt of your Lordship's telegnim of the Isl instant I had an interview with iMr. Blaine ami resun\ed Ihe discussion on the subject of damages for e Hi'i/.ure ol' the Canadian vesselM. I informed him of the amount of Ihe chiimH, at whicli he ap|)eare(i quite antounded, After some general conversation as to the nature ami eliaracter of Ihe datnaui's clainu'tl, Mr. Blaiuc said that, viewing the case as he did from the s'.andpoint taken in his reply [128] • s«o No, a7a. 3 F 2 4overnment should be called to this state of facts, and that they be informed that your Kxcellency's advisers arc under the apprehension that the said lease may interfere with the piojjosed negotiations for a close season for Behring's 8ea. The Conmiittee concurring, advise that yovu' lixeellency he moved to forward a eofiy of this Minute to the Right Honourable the Secretary of State for the Colonies, for the information of Her Majesty's (ioveri\ment. ^11 which is respectfully submitted foi' your Excellency's approval. ... (Signed) Joux J. M( Gkk, Clerk, Privy Coundl. Appendix. [See Inclosure in No. 80H.J 4W No 280. Sir J. Paiincefote to the Marquis of Sali.sbur;/. — {Received by teletjrnph, Fehritary 1 1.) My Lord, Washimjlon, February 11, 1890. I COMMUNICATED the substance of your Lordship's telegram to Mr. Blaine late yesterday' evening, and ho consented to your Lordship's proposal to commence the tripartite negotiation and the assessment of damages at once. He said, at the same time, that he would communicate with the Russian Minister here on the sul)iect and inform me of the result, with a view to common action by jour Lordship and himself in inviting Russia to participate in the negotiations. I have, &c. (Signed) JULIAN PAUNCEFOTE. No. 287. Lord Knutsford to Lord Stanley of Preston. — (Received at Foreign Office, February 12.) (Telegraphic.) Downimj Street, February 12, 1890. INSTRUCTIONS sent to Minister at ^Vashingto^ to cofnmence negotiations for eftnhlishment of a close season, and provisionally for assessment of claims for damage; lie will also be directed to communicate with you as to fiving time for Representative of Dominion Government to assist you at Washington. No. 288. The Marijuis of Salisbury to Sir J. Pnunrefote. Sii, Foreign Office, February 12, 1890. AVITH reference to my despatch of the 28th ultimo, I have to request that you will hear in mind that all ])roposals from the United States' Government for the settleuient of the Behring's Sea (juestion should be received by you ad referendum. I am, 8ic. (Signed) SALISBURY. No. 289. TAe Marquis of Salisbury to Sir J. Pauncefote.— {Substance telegraphed.) Sir, Foreign Office, February 13, 1890. I TRANSMIT to yor herewith copy of a telegram from the Governor-General of Canada relative to the Behi mg's Sea negotiations;* and I have to request you tocommuni* cntc with the Governor-General of Canada with a view to settling the date on which the Kcpresentative of the Dominion, who will assist you in the negotiations, should arrive iu Washington. I am, 8ic. (Signed) SALISBURY. • No. 287. 40t No. 290. Sir J. Pauncefote to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received hy telegraph, February 1 4.) My Lord, Washington, February 13, 1890. MR. BLAINE informed me to-day that M. de Struve, the Kussian Minister here. has telegraphed to his Government to inquire whether they consent to his taking part in the negotiations on the subject of a close time for seals in Behiing's Sea. He hopes that your Lordship will, on your side, invite the Russian Government to participate in the proposed negotiations. I 1IB1V6 uCC (Signed) ' JULIAN PAUNCEFOTE. No. 291. . 1 inmiediately engageil in hunting, and sealing and continued to do so until the l.'ith July last, at which date I had on board 420 seal-skins in all. (i. On tliiit day, tile l.Jtii July last, about i o'clock in the afternoon, I sighted a steamer Iiearing down upon us, which jiroved to be the I'nited States' Revenue steamer " IJicliard Rush.'' When within hiiiliiig distance, an otiicer on the said " Rush " callw' out to me to heave-to, and I did so, a boat was sent oil from the " Hush '' with t«i» ollicers and ten or twelve men. The officer and five or six men came on hoard liic "iViiunie." The ollicer in command asked me for my papers, which I handed to him. 411 ) tons burden, FIc then asked me when I entered tiie sea. and liow many skins I liad. T told him, and lie «oiit I)ack to the " Rush." In a sliort time he returned and toUl me lie would take all the skins, seize my ve.ssi;l, and send her to Sif ka in charge of a man from the " Rush." \\f then ordered his men to open tiie liatehes and take all the scal-skins, 420 in number, or. hoarii the " Rush," wiiieh was ilone. He also took two guns and ail the Indian snears. lie then went hack to the •' l?ush," hut soon returned to my vessel witli a man, and said to iiu' that this man would take cliargc ol' Iho vessel, except navigating her, and take her to Sitka. 7. At the time of tlio seizure the " Minnie " was about 05 miles north-west by we.^t from Ounimak Pass, and about the same distance from Ounimak l.sland, the nearest land. s. An hour or so after the "Rush '' went away the man left in charge showed me his written instructions from Captain She])ard, of the "Richard Rush;" as nearly as I can remember the directions he was to deliver the " Minnie " to the United States' authorities at Sitka, and place her captain, myself, and mate under arrest. I at once made up my iiiiiul to stay where I was and catch what seals I could. Next morning I made new >l)ears for the Indians and sent them out sealing. J remained in the sea up to the 10th August following, and in that time caught 480 seals and eight sea otters. [ did not see iiijtliing of the " Ru.sh " after the 15th July. f). In the season of 1888 I was in command of the schooner " Mountain Cliicf," with !eii Indian hunters oidy. The .said "Mountain Chief" was hi Behring's Sea less than twenty day.s, and in seventeen days' actual sealing the ten Indian hunters caught '.i'J7 seal-skins. On the .said schooner " Minnie," in 1880, I had si.Kteen Indian liunlers and two white hunters, and but for the interference of llie United States' Revenue cutter " Richard Rush," as aforesaid, the " Minnie " would have remained in Reliring's Sea until about the lOtli September, or a period of over two months. 10. I verily believe that if the ".Minnie" had not been boarded, and the guns and >|iears taken as aforesaid, that the total catch of scal-skins by the hunters on board iier fur the season in Beliring's Sea would not havi' been less than 2,500. 11. The value at Victoria aforesaid of scal-skins on or about the close of the sealing Hiison for 1889, and for some time both before and after such dose, was 8 dollars per skin. 1 claim damages from the Government of the United Slates of America for the -eizme of the said "Minnie" as aforesaid, and for the taking and detention of the said !20 seal-skins, and for 1,5!M seal-skins, the balance of an estimated catc'i of i',5(l(), by ihe " .Minnie" in l?ehring's Sen for the season of ISS!\ also lor Ihe gnus sjiears, and salt iakoii as aforesaid, and for legal and other e\|)enses ineitlental to and allying out ol such M'izure. and the preparation and submission of this elaini tiu'refor, and interest thereon 111 7 per cent, per annum until ])aid, a statement in detail ol' whieh claim is hereunto annexed. And I, Victor dacobson, make this solemn declaration, conscientiously believing the iiime to lie true, and by virtue of the Act respecting e.xtra-judicial oaths. (Signed) VICTOR JACOBSON. Declared by the said Victor Jacobson, at the city of Yictori.a, the 4th day lanuary, 1800. Before me, (Signed) AitTiini L. BiciiVKA, A Notary Public, liy Roi/al iiuthorihi, in and for the Pruriitcf ol' lirilisli Coluniliia. f Slnlemenl of Claim. — Schoonrr " Minnie." rordamagcH for seizure, &c., in Behring's Sea, July 15, 1889, by United States' Revenue cutter " Riciiard Rush." 420 scul skins liikeii tVom ■' Miunie" l)y " Hichnrd Kiisli.'' I,5'.)l bnlance (il I'flimaUd ciitcli of :^,500 in Behring's Scm in 1881) by " Miniiif. " niter diiiiictinj; 486 brought to Victoria by " .Minnie." 'J.ni I III 8 ilollais jjei- skin .. 1 jjini at .'!•'■) iliilliirs, 1 giiM at in dollars U) Indian s|)iais, al :i dollars .. .. .. .• 'i sacks sail, at 1 ilol. 5(1 c. liCgul and iillicr ixpinsi's .. .. .. .. .. Total claim . . . . .. .. And iMUrtbl on s.iid amount at V per ccnl. [tt-r onnuni until paid. 128 J Dollars. lii.ll'J ;l 25t) 10,460 3 G 2 412 Thif3 is tbc Statement referred to in the annexed declaration of Victor JacoKsoii, made before nic tlic 4th day of . January, 1890. (Signed) AUTllUR L. liELYEA, Notary Public. No. 29t5. Sir J. Pdunc'-fote to the Marquis of Salinhuri/. — {Rcccired hij teleyrajih, February 23.) My Lord, Washington, February 22, 1890. WITH reference to your Lordship's telegram of to-day, I have the honour to report that I have telegraphed (o Lord Stanley to inquire when I may expect the arrival in Washington of the Canadian Agent who is to assist me in the coming negotiations. Mr. Blaine, M. do Struvc, the Russian Minister, and I, held a preliminary and informal meeting this morning, at which the question of the area of the possible arrange- ment was discussed. Mr. Blaine and M. de Struve then proposed the following area : " From a point on the 50th parallel north latitude due south from the southernmost point of the Peninsula of Kamtchatka ; thence due east on the said oOth parallel to the point of the intersection with the lOOth meridian of longitude west from Greenwich ; thence nortli and east bv a straight line to tiie point of intersection of the fiOth parallel of north latitude with the 140th meridian of longitude west from Greenwich,." The 50th parallel, as your Lordship is aware, was the southernmost limit proposed by Mr. Bayard, and it need only be extended on the west to the Kamtchatka Peninsula, as M. de Struve .states that there is no seal fishery in the Sea of Ochotsk. 1 objected, however, to the limit on the east being extended beyond the IGOth meridi.an of longitude, which was the limit proposed by Mr. Bayard, and is quite sufficient for the necessities of the case. I should be much obliged if your Lordship would inform me whether yo ive of the area now suggested by Mr. Blaine and M. de Struve, provided it be limiter _ east by the 160th meridian. I have, &c. (Signed) JULIAN PAUNCEFOTE. No. 297. Foreign Office to Colonial Office. Sir, _ Foreiijn Office, February 24, 1890. WITH reference to the letter from this Office of the 22nd instant, I am directed by the Marcjuis of Salisbury to transmit to you the accompanying copy of a telegram from Her Majesty's Minister at Washington,* giving the result of an nformal conversation with the Secretary of State and the Russian Minister on the subject of an area within which the proposed arrangement relating (o the Ik'hring's Sea seal fisheries might be applied. I am to request that, in laying this telegram before the Secretary of State for the Colonies, you will move his Lordship to favour Lord Salisl.ury, at his earliest convenience, with his opinion as to the answer which should be returied to it. » I am, &c. (Signed) T. H. SANDERSON. Nu,298. Colonial Office to Forciijn Office. — (Received February '28.) Sir, Doirninrj Street, February 27, 1890. I AM directed by Lord Knufsford to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 24th in'-fant, inclosing n telegiam from ller Majesty's Minister at Washington, in wliicn he reports the result of a pieiiminary and infornuil Conference on the subject of the area • Nu. 'JOO. 413 «itliiii wliich tlic jjtoposed dose season for fur-seals in Bcliriiif^'s Sea slioiild be confined, 1111(1 ro(|uesting instructions us to tiic distance to tiic eastward at which tlie line limiting sucli area should be drawn. I am to observe, in riply, that in order to avoid unnecessary interference with British siilijects, it is desirable that the area no less than the period of the close season should be ooiilinod within the strictest limits absolutely essential for the preservation of the seals fioni extermination; and the line proposed by Sir J. I'auncefote appears to Lord Knuts- I'oid to include more of the open sea than is necessary, bearing- in mind that the object oi the negotiations is solely the sufficient preservation of the seals, and not the mainten- ance in its integrity of the monoply claimed on behalf of the lessees of the Pribyloff Islands. It appears to his Lordship that this object might be attained sutfieicntly by fixing an area round these islands within which scaling sliould be prohibited during the period when the female seals are on these islands, or in their near neighbourhood, and also poiisibly in the immediate vicinity of the passes of the Aleutian Islands. The matter is one, however, on whicli the Secretary of State for the Colonies co .Id ii(,t undertake to express any definite opinion without that information which the Government of Canada is alone able to supply ; and his Lord.ship would suggest, in order to save time, that Sir J. Pauncefote should be desired to confer with Mr. Tapper, the Dominion .Minister of Marino and Fisheries, who, it is understood is now at Washington, before committing Her Majesty's Government to any lino of demarcation wiiich the Government of Canada may hereafter object to as undesirable. 1 am, &c. (Signed) JOHN BRAMSTON. No. 291). The Mnrqul^ of Salishvrtj to Sir J. Pauncefote, — ^ Substance telegraphed.) Sir, Fore!(jn Office, February 28, 1890. I HAVE had midor my consideration, in comnninication, with the Secretary of Slate for the Colonies, your telegram of the 23rd instant, rejxirting the result of a prelimimiry discussion with Mr. Blaine and the Russian Minister at Washington respecting the area within which it is proposed to prohibit seal fishing in Behring's Sea (luring a fixed period of each year. Before coming to any decision with regard to the area now proposed. Lord Knut.s- ford would be glad to know wliat view of it is taken by the Government of Canada. I have accordingly to request you, in order to save time, to consult the Canadian Minister of Marine, who is now at Washington, on the subject, and to inform me of his opinion by telegraph. I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. Ko. 300. Sir J. Pauncefote to the Marquix of Saliitburij. — {Received March 5.) .My Lord, Washington, February 11, 1890. Wri'H reference to my despatch of the 7tli instant, I have the honour to report that I had a further interview this day with the Secretary of State, at his reouest, on the subject of tlie proiiosed arbitration, and provisional assessment of damages. Mr. Blaine said tiiat it inigbt be convenient if he were to put in writing, informally, Ills views as to (lie (piest'^n to be arbitrated, and the procedure to be followed in regard to the assessment of tiamages. He accordingly, in my presence, drew up a !^[emorandam, of which he afterwards handed me a copy. It is in the following terms: — "The first (piostion tii be arbitrated is whether, under (he circumstances existing at tlie time, the (ioverniiient of the l.'iiited States was justified in arresting and detaining llie vessels that entered the Behring's Sea for the purpose of killing fur-seals in the open sea. " In the event of the arbitrator finding that the Government of the United States w:is justified in arresting and detaining the vessels before described, the case would he finished. 414 "In tlie event tliat tlio Govcrnnu'iit of tlio United Htatr's was found not. to lie justified, tlie Hccoud (juestion woidd l)o tlie ascertainnient of tlie amount of dainagi's due to the Govcrnnii'nt ol'fireat Britain. II tiiat aniounl could noi be aniirably dctiTminvd hy tlic Uritisli Minislor in \Vasliini;t()n and (lie American Secreiarv of State, it woidd he left U) tlie (leteiiiiinalion ot ilie ai!)itrator, who should lind tlir ainonnt aeoording tip ceituiu principles previously agreed to hy liotii Parties.'' I have, &c'. (HijrniMn .lULIAN I'AUNCEFOTE. No. aoi. Sir ./. Pfinncrfotr lo llir Marriuis of Salinburi/. — (Rccvivvil March 5.) My liord, H'lHthiiiijion, h'l-hntnrii 2(i. IS'.M). I ilAVl'! liie lionoiir to inclose an (xtraci i'loiii the ■New York Herald "of yesteiilfiy statinii; that llie Kiissian • iovernineiit. lias eoulirnied the renewal ol' the lease of the Uitssian seal islands in Ki'liiiiiir's !Sea In the .Vlaska Coimiiereial Conipuny. I am. t&c. (Si-n.-d) JULIAN i'A U N CEl-OT E. liielciMire in No. .'Idl. Eilnicl fiinii llii: " i\rw York Ucriilil" .1/ Fihntnni IM, iS'.Kt. 'Vwv. I'"i;k-!Si,.vi, ilo.Noi'oi.v. — Ulssi.v kk.nkws tiik Ai..\ska Comi'.\ny's Llask of Islands in Ukmuing's Ska. ( Hy 'lVle<,n-niih to thi- " Herald."] San Fniuvixrn, Fclnuiinj ]X, 1800, A I'ln A'.i'fl-; (lespateh reeeived here to-day annoiuiee'i that the Imperial niissian (JoveniinenI has eoniiriiird <[' (lie l{n'->i;in veal ivlaiid-; in Ifehriiiix's Sea to tlx- .Vlaska ( 'uiiiinereial Company nl' this <'ily. 'I'liis aelinn is iinderslood to he hased upon .a persuasion that the (io\ eminent oi' the United States will take a similar eoin-se with ivsjanl to its own seal islimds, ami that the euntrnl of the seal-fur industry may thus he vested in a sinirle manaijeinent. iNCOIll'OltATtOK OK AN .\l.ANKA ( 'OM.M KIK^I \ 1. ('(IMPAW IN NkW VoltK. .Illiiini/, AVir Yarli, /''i . iiiini IS, ]^'M). The New York Coinniereial <'mnp''iiy ul' Alaska (Limited), t'ormed \\itli a ivipitni of 1,(M(0,(I()() dollars, lor carry ini,' on minini:'. lisliim;, hnildini;, .and <'omnierci!il ent'M'prises f;ener;illy in the Territory id' .Maska, liled a eertilieiile of ineorponition with the Sevretary of Stale to-day. 'I'iie incorporatms of the (J(»n]mny tire William H. I'lipe, Thaddeiis I). Uradlord, William T. Davi-. and .lohii II. I)i(i;,'e, of New \ ork ; .iiul llenrv S. Tihhev. of UnL,'a IsLainl, Alaska. No. ao'i. The Sfarquis nf Sulixbury /o .Sir J, Pnunci'fniv. Sir, For»(V/>i O/frr, Mnrrh m, IHtO. I II AVI* received your despatch of the 7th ultimo, reportinjf a eonverHatioii wliich yon hud hold with Mr. lilaiiu' on the sulijeel of daini'p;es for the seiy.iiii ot Uunailian vi-mscK hy the Uiiit«Mi States' Ifevemie taittcrs in lU'lirinp's Sea. Your lunguufre on thu oticuuioii is approveii. I am, &e, (Sillied) SALIHWIIRY 415 No. 303. Cnlonidl Office lo Fnreirjn Office. — (Rfiretvmi March Ifi >.) Sir, Dowinng tStraet, Mfirch l\, ]S'.)0. I AM (lircrtod In TiOnI Kiiiitsfonl (o ai-knowlcibt' llu' iocf!|H ii lo all nations, lioni Knutsfoni cannot douhl that an impartial aiiiilrntor, whether all the three issues or only one of the in he placed licfore him, would coiifirm the opinion that the owners are entitled lo compensation fi;r the ill-treatment io »liicli they have hf'en subject<'d. Lord Kniitsford, however, desires \\\v. to oiiserve tiiut the (piestion whetlier recourse >lioiild he had to iirhitration on this suhjecl, and the precise issues to he submitted to an aihiiuitor, are matters on which it is im|)ortftnt to ascertain the views of the Government itf Canada. I am, &e. (Signed) JOHN HHAMSTON. No. a04. The Mai(jius of tiuUithurii lo Sir ,1. I'auucejole. — {Substance telegraphed.) Sir, l-'oreiiju Office, March 15, 1890. IlKll Majestv's (iovernment have had under their e(msidcration your despatches ot the 7th and 1 lih ultimo. re)Mirting the siihstrtnce of eonversutions you had had with .Mr. Klaine on iiie ipu'slion of the claims for damages on account ol seizures of British vessels liy \mericiin ciui/.ers in Heliring's Sea, and on his proj)()sal to refer the i|iustioii of tile iiahility of the United States' Government to the decision of some oiiiiiiont iuriscouftult. 1 liansmit, for your infornudion and guidance, a coi)y of a letter I'roni the Colonial Oll'.cc, containini: FiOrd Kniitslord's (d)sorviitions on your Reports above referred to.f I nni, kc. (Signed) aALISBDRY. No. ;it)c'i. Sir J. Pauncefote to tin: Mnnnuin of Salitiliuri,, Jieceived March 17.) My Lord, liashinijlon, Mairh 1, If^'.H). I HAVK the hononr to report that the Honourable Charles H. 'I'lipper, the lioiiiiiiion .MiniiHlcr ol Marine aiul l''i- Secretary of State. He was this day presented by Mr lllaine to ihe {'resident. 'hi till- wi'casion ot our vinif to the Secretary ol Stale we had some informal ' "itvcrdation witli bim ns to the procedure to lie followed in the iripaitile negotiation. Ml. iUnine npniironlly considere ! that we slionid commence at onci' to discuss the liniiis ol i|ii> proposed eloM> seiison us le^iirds its area and duration. I ',.iiiiiil, in the lirst place, to examine Ihe tviilciet" on whieii tho United States' (lovennnunt baso liieir contenlnni as lo necesmty liir a close season. Mr. liluine olvneeted that Micli iin in(|iiii'y would cause a delay of several montlm, and * Km. l!Hit mill MOO + No, :)'! • 416 that it was unnecessary, as the case for a close season had been estahlislied hy (he evidence of numerous United States' officials and experts, and that the result of their researclies and practical ex, riencc during the last twenty years imd already been published to the world. I replied that tlieir evidence had been contested, and that, in my opinion, it was of tlic highest importance that a conclusion on the point should, if jjossible, he aif'ved iit in the course of the present negotiation, for the satisfaction not only of my (inverninent, hut of all the other governments who, if an arrangement should he concluded, will be invited to accede to it. I urged that no delay would he occasioned, as I could not see any reason why wo should not proceed provisionally and concurrently with tlie other (|ueslions involved, such as th ■ area and duration of the close season, the consideration of wliicii would be materially assisted by the inquiry I proposed. After some further discussion, in which Mr. Tupper took part, .Mr. Hlaine agreed to furnish extracts from the evidence already published by his (jovcrnment, on which they relied as e.'itahlishing the case for a clo.se season, and it was arranged tiial the first meeting of the negotiators should take place at tlie State Department on Monday, the 3rd instant, at 11 o'clock. I have, &c. (Signed) JULIAN PAU^CEFOTE. »o. 306. Sir J. Pauncefole to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received March 17.) My Lord, Wdshlnijlon, Murrii 1, I'^W. WITH reference to my despatch of the 20th December, I iiave the lionour to inclose an extract fnnn the " Washinf;ton I'o.st," in wiiich it is statid tliat liie NdiiIi .American Commercial fompaiiy of New York and San Francisco have In-oii graiilcil a lease for taking fur si-als upon the Islands of St. I'aul ami St. Oeorge, Alaska, i'lH' a period of twenty years from the 1st May next. I have, &c. (Signed) JULIAN PAUNCEFOTR. Inclosure in No. ;U)(». Extructfrom the " WnshitKjIon Post " of March 1, 18H(». Alaska Fisiikiitks Li;asi;. — Secretary Windoni has directed n lease to he miulc with the North Auierican t'onnni-rcial ("oniimny of New York and San Fianmsco. I. Liebes, I'resideni, for the exclusive privil('j;c ol' taking fur -cals uiton th>' Isl.nuls of St. I'aul and St. (icoige, Alaska, for a jioriod of twenty years irom iUr. 1st M.i> m A. The followiui; are the names of llic DircctoiM ol' the Noilii American Cuniiiu'roial Coiiipany: IJoyd Trevis, llciu'y (!o«i'll. Mathias Meyer, and Isaac Liehun. all "i San Francisco, ami Albert Miller, of Oakland, I alifornia. Mr. David O. .Milk of New- York, is ii Director of the Comimny. lis .'iipital stock is 2,0(M),(M)(» dollar- The annual revenue to the (Sovernincnf inulcr this lease on the has's ol no.OOOsculs pcT annum will hi' .ibout l,0O(),0t)t» dollars, as against about. .■lOO,(jU0 doll i luider the present lease to tin .Alaska ('ommerciiil rmnpany. No. 307. Sir J. Pauncefole to the Marquis of Salishuri/.-~( Received March 1 7.) My Lord, mmhim/lon, \farrl, 7, |8i»0. I HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your LonlHhip's des|iai''b of (he \2i\\ ulliino. in which you rei|uest me to bear in mind that all proposals from the United States' (lovernment for the settlement of the llehrings Seu should l«' received hy me ml referendum, and I iieg to state (hat I shall strictly adhere to yntii Lordship's instructimis. I have, «£c. (Signed) JULIAN I'AUNCEFOTE. ctl l)y the It of their eady been it was of T'vcd lit in ivcrniiu'nt, I'll, will lie :)ii why wo olvcil. such I would be ! agreed to wiiich they III the first londay, the lEFOTE. •) ) i, 1S!)0. ' lioiiour to t tlio Norlli II |;riint('il a ilaska, f(i'' II !ii;F()Ti;. 417 Xo. 308. sir J. I'aiiiivJ'ote to tin- Murtjuis of Salixliurii. — {Recnred by tvlfgrnph, March 18.) (Extract.) ir's Soa negotiations liavi> conio to a dcndlock, owiiii;' to a conflict of cvidcnci' in rcj^aril !■> the necessity for n dose 'reason for tlie fur-seal fishery. Mr. IMaine ami M.de Struve hoth ajiiec that the iircservation of the fur.>cal species is the sole oii.jcct in view; hut they insist, at the same time, that it will necessitate the total exclusion of sealing vessels from Hehring's Soa durinir the dose season. Mr Tupper, on the other hand, maintains that no close season is necessary at all; liut I tiilieve the Canadian (Jo\crnincnt arc ready to give way to some extent on this point. .Mr. HIaine says that the arguments on his proposal are exhausted, and has called u] me to put forward a counter-proposal. I have aci'ordinuly prepared a draft Convention, which, I venture to state, oilers the .iiily .ospect oi possili'o arrangement. Mr. Tiiiipei Icit t'l; 'Ittawa hist night, taking wiili him a ('0|)y of it, which he will 'iiliniit for the <'onsid'.Miition of the Canadian (ioveinmcnt. 1 will not fail to telegraph the reply of the Canadian Government to my proposal, and shall then awaii further instriictior.^ from ytmv Lordship. In the nieanwliile, n(v:"tialions arc suspended. No. 309. 'I'ltr Miii(jiiiii nt Siill.ihury lit it instant. I am, .S:c. (Signed) S.XMSBURY. he made KraniMsoo. Islands of ly iii'Nt. I 'oinnieroial ■■ all iii' ■ I Ne« iHl.iiOI)seul> under tlit .) IS deK|iat<'h iposals from '.houUI he [•re to yni" EKOTI No. ■IMt. f'lilniiiiil Oflicr III h'oriiijn O/firc — {Itvreiunl Mn . 2^1.) Sir. Downinij Sired, .\fiirrh li), \-'M), WITH relenMice to previous correspondence, I am directed hy i.oiil Knut*foril to 'ra'ismit to you, for the information of the Mar(|uis of Salisliurv, a copy of a despatch ih'm t\\{> (!..\eriioi .(M'ueral of Canada, forwarding a Schedule of the elaini~ lor com- |"iisation for danmge> vewulling l'rt>m ihe seizure of lirili>h vessids in llelirinL'- Son, i am, iScc. (Signed) .lOllN IIUA.MSTON. ' |i»lM.ur.' 1 in No. •'HO. I.nril Sinnlrii nf I'rrslnii to i.onl Kiuilsforil, M\ Lord, (iiinrniiiciil llon.-r, Olliiin', J-'i'lniiiini .'), li^OO. I ll.\M (he lioiioiir lo >end to your |joril>hip (o-dny llie following telo'>'rapliic imssnge in code : — "(>ne iiddilioiud claim lor coinpenMilion 'Minnie' l .Minute has lieeti forwarded to Her -Maie.stv'a .Minister at Wasliinglim. for his information. I have, Hiv. Sinned) SI'ANI.KV Oh" I'HKSTON. Li2HJ S H 418 Inclosuio 2 in Xo. -WO. Report nf a Coiiiiiii/h'r nf llic I Iniiodnihir llic I'rlri/ Conncil, iipprnvi'd hi/ his Exrrllciirii Ihc (iorniini-diiicidl in Cniiiinl an lite -h-d Ft'ltniiinj, 18!)(t. THE Committee uf tlic Privv C'Dimeil liave had Ijet'orc tiiem (lie eiil)lof;rfiiii I'loin tiie Kijilit llonouiiihie tlie Sccretaiy of State lov the Colonies, (hiled tlie :>Otli .laniiary, 18!)0, of wliicli the sul)staiu'e is as loliow> : — "Are tliorc any fiiither ehiims lor eumpensation tor Ik-iiring's Sea seizures, and can yon state tlu-ir anmnnt '-" The MinistiT of Ahirine ami I'is'rei-ies, to wiiom tiie eal)Iet^ram was referred. ohscr?es tlnit my (h-.iialch ol' lne lilii .laiiiiiiy inchisei! a eo])y of an Order in Council of the '2H\\\ Deeeiiiiter, IPs'.i, in reference to tlie compensation eiaimetl by tiie owners of the "Kale," and (hat a claim on hehall of the owners of the "Mi-.iiiie" has, since tiie date of tlie despatch alluded io, heen formally made and forwarded to the Rif;ht i lonoiiiahic the Secretary of S(ale for the Colonies. 'I'lie .Minister turther. w order that no eiaim relaiiiii;- to the seizure-- in I'ehriii^'s Sea may e-capc the attention of Her ?\!aie--ty's (lovenimenl. reeoimnends that the appended repl\ to 'he ahove message he lorwarded hy ymir IvNcelleiicy to llie liiniii llononrahle the Secretary id' State for the Ccdonies, for llic iid'ormalion of Her jSiajestyV Government. The (.'ommiltee advise that your I'^xcellcney he moved to cahle the reply as herewith Hubniittcd. (Signed) JOHN .1. M((!E1«:, Ckrl<, I'rini Cdtiiiril. .Vppondix. Prti/infi'd R (iiirpriioi-dciirral to llf Ri'ilil I Iniiniirdlih' liir SriTrliiril (if Shilc fur llir (.'nliiilits. Iii'd mv ( iosernmeMi. and iiave heen diil} Tlll'i follouiiii!: claims have reac forwarded : •• Corolini.' 4tt.7;li) ihdiars ; and personal claims, .").(i(Mi dollars. "< Inward."' :''.i.lsl chdlars : persoin\l claims, ii.-'inti dollars. " Thornlon.'' !■'>,. "iT'l dollars : personal claiiu^. i'i,.")t)il dollars, •• I'avorile," 7.",7'il d(diar> ; personal idainis. :>.(MM( dollars. "Sayward." IJ.lSl dollars; personal claims, :'., nun (hdiars. *• Dolphin," .")'.!, !I5<> dollars; (jersonal claims, :i,(!.'l.'i d()lhirs, •'(irace,'' o7,!t')l dollars; personal (daiins, 'J,(»(M) dollars. '•Ada." !54."«1S .hdiars; personal claims, '2,000 ilollars. ■• .\lfred .\ilams,"2(i,i:t:^ .lollars. " I'.lack Diamoiid." 17. IH.". dollars. " Pathfinder,' ^HJiw) d(dhirs, ".limnita," 1 I.O'.l.^ dollars. '• Lilv,"' 17,U!7 d.dlars. l.**S!t. "Triiinipli," ll»,tl7 ; d.dlars. \Xf<\). " Ari.d," !I,4!IS .lollais. 1H8!). " Kate," ll.'Jln d.dlars. IH8!I. "Minnie," lt;,4ll» .hdiars. IHSC. |S8(;. ISSC. IHSd. 1SS7, 1SS7. ISS7. ISS7, IM87. 1SS7. IMUK. 1 S8!). IHSlt. 1S811 y No. an, ForviijH (ifliri' In Cii/niiiat OJfiri'. r, h'orri' to licliiing's Sea. I ;ini. Hic. (.Si-riK'.n p. f'URHIE. No. ;n2. sir J. P I.Mnl, WnshUiijl'iii, Minrh :i(!, 1^90. I li.\^'^i (lie liniioiir to report tliat some ul' to-iiny's nc^-piipiMs itnnc)iiiici' tlie jHi'iliciUiou of till' I'roclamatioii reliUinii- to llie seal fislicry in iJiiiiin-'s Sea, wliicli tlio i'lT-iilont III llic United States is lioiind liv law In issue "at a tiinelv season in eaeh yiar. ' Mr. Hiaiiie tolii nie a few davs ago that it was ready fur pidilieatinn, I have, Ke. (Sinned) .in, IAN I'AUNfKFOTR. No. ;$i.".. Sir ./. I'limicefolf In the Maryiii.s of Sdlishiuii. — (Uevt-ired Mtirrli ,'51.) My Lord, l\'„.ea lor any ji •riod. .\ ifreal ileal oi' arjiumeiil ensued on the I'videiice of iiailiciilar witnessis and llie reports of oHieials and experts, in tin* course id' wiiieh Mr. Klaiiie laid urciit strcHU III! a pa-saye iii llie |{eport of Mr. .Mow,;tt, inspector ot Fisheries for Ihiiish (.'oliiinhin, "lllrli !■ cited ill \ir. I aMird's despaleh to \|r. I'helps of llie Tlh \\' |S,s<. It IS til ihe cil'ecl licit liic eiioril iidi of liir seal in llehrini:'s Sea hv schooners from >iiii f'raiieiseo and Nietmia consisted principally of •• cows" or feinale seals, and that, in >ii'\\ of the iiicreuse of ves'-els tilling out every year, llu'iv was reason to apprehend, in lie eiiinion of the writer, that mil ml lislu-ry would soon he depleted. some ineaHiiri' o( protection were adopted, the fur It was iiiTieed lo leliourii the ineetiiiL! lilllil we 1 laii e\ainini'd a .Memorandiiiii o ifth I'viileiice relied on hy the I nitcd Slates' (■ovciiimeiil wliieli Mr. Itlaiiie had proinised lo 'iiniish, UN rcporteit in my dcs|ialcli of the Isl jiistaiil. 'I'hiK Menioiaiidiiin was didivered tiie same diiy, and .Mr, 'I'ltpper iininediatel/ |ii'eparcil a eoiniler*Memoraiidiiin in support of his \li-»s. lioili dociiiiients are in eoiiise of |ii iiitini:. Mild eopies will he trMi.sinillcd to your fi>ii|s|ii|i as eiiii\ as praclicalde. [l-HJ :t II 420 Tliey \iiif'ortunatelv prcsont so areat a (liverpffiice of opinion on all the facts relatin"- to the fur-seal fishery in the Heluiiigs Sea, that Mr. lUaine decided to invite ^I. de Striivc and nivself to an interview on the 12th instant, at which he stated that the perusal ol Mr. '{'upper's jMenioraiidinn had convinced liim of the liopeiessnesi, of arriving at a solution that would he salislactory to Canada. He said ho liad cxliaus'ted all the arguments in favour of tin- projjosal nnide h\ the United States' G()\evnnient two vcars ay;o, and he called on nie to make a i;ountcr-proposal on hehalf of Her Majesty's Government, I replied that 1 was reluctant to nniko a counter-proposal without previous reference to your Lordship, hut that 1 did not lake so desponding a view o!" the situation as he appeared to do. It iiad heen admitted and agreed that the sole ohjeet of the proposed arrangement was the preservation of the fur-seal species, and not the gain or hcnciit of any particular Government or hody of persons, 1 did not helieve that Canada, in view of the conHictof evidence, would ohjeet to a reasonahlc close season, at all events hy way of experiment, and with a view to the further elucidation of the (piestion. Tile difliculty was to ti.\ the limits of a close season hoth as to its area and its duration. IMr. IJayard in his despatch to Mr. White of the 1st May, 1888, had distinctly stated that only such a period is desired " as may he requisite for the end in view." This equally applied to the question of area. It would he strange therefore if no machinery could he devised to surmount the difficulty. 1 then stated that I had prepared a scheme which provided such machinery, and that 1 had actually put it in the form of a draft Convention which I proposed to refer to your Lordship, and, if apjiroved, to lay hefore the Conference as the counter-proposal of Her Majesty's (Jovernment. f then explained the general provisions of the scheme. The draft Convention lays down in the first place that there shall he a close season, but that in view of the conllict of evidence which has arisen as to what should be its area and duration, a Conunission of experts shall he appointed to report on the nnittcr, and that if on tiie examination of their IJeport the tin-ee (.iovernments should slill be unable to >^ettle the conc.ilions of a close season, the jioints in difference shall he referred to the arhitialicn of an impartial tiovernment, whose award shall finally determine the close season for the purposes of the Convenlion. Tile draft also provides for ihe ii\ni"iediate adoption and enforcement of a provisional close lime as to which the High Contracting Parties would ])robably he disjiosed to ho more yielding hy rcasvin of its temporary and experimental elniracter, and in view of the prospect of an ultimate and iui|)arlial (iecision mi the questions in heries. headeil " Highls in llehring's Sea.' i have been unniile to discover thai any American jurist has ever ventured li> iiNScri that the (nited Slates can •■laiiii any hpeciil jurisdiction over llehring's Sea, or a:n 421 ixclusivo light of lishery therein, or to sup]iort tiie cxtraonlinarv argument that the nincsiiDiuiciice )<.■'" u'en tlu" Hussiiiii and Tnited States' (iuvernments in 18i.'-"l iiad no ivt'iToncc to He'.irinji's Sea. (Jn tile otiier iiand, tlie iailaey of I lie views put forward in tlie " New Vori; Tribune " has licen demonstrated, as jour Lordship is aware, Ijv two cinineMt American writers, I'nifes-or Hayner, in liis letters to the " New York Evening Post " of tiie 27th June and 18tii October, 188!», and Professor Angel, in his article in the "Forum'' of Novcmhcv 1>589. I have, &c. (Signed) JULIAN PAUNCEFOTE. No. 315. The Mtinju'is of Siilisliinii hi Sir ./. Piiunn-fntt'. .fell-graphic.) Foreiijn Offiir, .ipril 'i, I8!)(i. Till'] principle of the draft Convention \v\> u\y full approval. .No. :\\C>. ColoninI Office to Foreign Office. — (Received April '.).) Sir, Dniniinij Street, .Ipril 'J, IS'JO. I.N reply to vour letter of tlie 2()th ultimo, forwarding co|n- of a lelegraiii from Hor .Majesty's Minister at Washington, on the jin'sent slate of the negotiations on the Heliring s Sea (juestion, I am directed hy Lord Knutsford to accpiaint you, for the information of the Maripiis of Salisbury, that he concurs in his Lordship's proposal to await iiifonnation as to the views of the Canadian fJ!overnmt>iit on the subject of the foiivention which Sir .T. I'auncefote has suuncstcd before taking any action in the matter. I am, &e. (Signed) n, H. MEADE. No. 317. Sir ./. Painirefole to the Marquis of Sniisburi/, — {Received April 10.) Mv Lord, IVnshinijIoii, \fnrcli 31, 1^*90. I ll.WI'i till' honour to inclose herewith a newsjiaper extract relative to the ilL'''.'iitioii of the British sealing-vessel " Pathfinder "at l*ortland. Oregon. She was seized last year in lieliring's Sea, and ordereil to Sitka in charge of one hcaiiian. She escaped to \ictoria, and has been engaged in sealing till compelled to go iiilii Portlaiiil l!a> lor repairs, wiiere she was detained till released hy instructions from the Secretary of the Treasury dated the -Mtth instant, on the ground tliat the Federal Courts of Alaska have exclusive jurisdiction over all violations of the Seal Fishery Laws. 1 have, &c. ^Signed) JULrAN PAUNCEFOTE. Inclosuro in No. 317. lixtract from the " AVic Yorli Trihnne," nf Mtirrli :\0. lM!)t). Po'lhnit/. OrnjiNi. Miirrl, iMt. IH^O. TIIK Hritisii sealing schooner " Pathtinder.'' Captain Arthur .Morgan. <.f Victoria, was towed into port last night liy the Cnilcd States' lievenue cutter "Corwin.' The schooner was found at, Neagli May. Washington, with rudder di-ablcd, and lakin into I'lihtody bv the cutter. The " I'atlilinder " is not ."ci/ed, but detained ))eiidiiig instructions Iroin the Departnicnt at Washington. Tiu! selnioiier is one of liie >('aliiig-\e.iseU seized last sear in lli'liriiig's Siii by Hie cutler " HiclianI l{n>h, ' and ordercil to Sitka, Alasl»a. in I'liarjic of one sc'iman as a pri/.enni"-ler. She c-caped to Victoria, and has since been I'li^aged in sealing oil' the American and Mrilish coasts till yesterday, when compelled to go into the hay fur repairs. ('a|»laiii Hooper, of the "Corwin." holds the \i>ssel pending llie decision of the Department relative to whether llu' vessel is amenable to the Law regarding Healing in Hehring's Sea, for which she win* aeixcd. 422 The " Pftthfindor " sailed from A^ictoria fwo inontlis affo ; she secured 150 seals oft the const of Vancouver and Wa-li:; ;',ion. Particidnrs of the dclcnlion haw Ikm'ii >ont to the Secretary of the Treasury at Wnsiiin^toii, also to the Dc])aitiiioni at Ottawa, Canada. IVaxliliiij/on, March '.".», 1800. Tile following; tclenram \va~i .sent hy Assistant Secretary Ticlienor tliia afternoon to the ("ollector of Customs at i'orl 'i'owiisend, \\ asliiiii;'t(in : — " in the year 1887 tlic Deparlniciil. in ;i case (|uite similar, l»ut in some respects stronii'cr tor tlie (!overiim-.'ii', decided lliat the vessel could not he held. In view of that precedent, uiilioiit now reviewing \\\r ])rin(.'i])le> upon \' iucli it proceeded, I direct llie release of the ■ i'atliliudcr." ' The precedent referred (o in ilu' above teleunim «as tlie ca?e oi the schoimer "Kllep." 'I'liMl vi'ssei was seized in lie'urin^if's Sea in \^-^7, hy ' 'ajjtain Shepard, of lln- lievenue Marine Service, i'or viola: ion ol the Seal i'"'i-hery Ijaws, and was ordeied to 8itku, Alaska, for tri;d. Instead. Iiovi'ver. lier captain took iier to San I'rancisco. Slu' was there seized hy l!>e Ciislii:i,s o)iiccr>, hut was .suhse(piently relea.-ed hy direction nf Secretary l'"';.lr(diild. on tlie ir'.'onnd that lie h'ediia! rs at San I'rancisco iciil no juristliction over oliein'cs coniinitieil in the District r\ .\hiskn. Under tliis ruiiiii,' tln' Federal ("ourts of Alaska will have (•\clusi\'e Jurisdiction over all violations of the Seal Fishery Ltiws. No. ;iis. Col'iiiliil :)(llri I . Fnrci II) Oljivv. — {Rirclri-d April 18.) if. huiniinij SIrvrl, A/irll 1 I-. IMKI. I .\M dirci'lcd hy i,ord Kuii(>r'oril lo lraii>iiiit to ynii, for the infoiinat'on ol tlic .\lar(iiii> of S;,li»liii,y, (•opie^ nl' tidcyiaphie corri'sp'i.dence with the (lovcriuir-dencral nf Canada re-iirctini;- the prop sed ('(invention lor the csiahlishinciit of a close time for seals in IJeiniimV Sea. i am, ^-c. (Si.rtie.l! .lOIIN lUlA.MSTON. Inelosure I in Xo. "Us;. I,or^00. 'il'JJ't lt;A I'll wheiher. as | hope, your (Joveriiinenl has agreed to .Minister at Washington's propo-eil lii'liriiiu's Sea CoiiM-nllon, inelosure "J in No. :US. /,0/v' Shiuli'ii iif I'rrsinn to Lord Kniitxford. (Teleiirapine. I ^liviiind Ajiril V2, !8!M).) Al!NIST'Ki{ OI' MAklNi; has relnrned to 'A ashin-iton with our alternative proposal. \\ I' au'ipMte ri idy to ac(|uiesce in ;:('nernl principle of iirotectinn' seal life, hut arc most an.xious that iiii|uiry hy e.\)ierts may ]ircccde prrmanent Treaty, as we helievc the tiu'ts lo he incorrect on whicii Ciiited Slalt's' iiiuiios.ils are hased. We su^'gest »/(,(/».« nri'iidi lor not more tliaii two yrars, diir'iii;- widcli e\))('rts should deterndne the lai'ts on wliicli pt'i'inauenl Treats can he liascd. Camiot answer your (piesiion till wo hear, which we expect to ilo soon, lioni \Vnsliin;ito:i. No (lispo.^ition lieiv to raise unnecessary dillicullies. but if we i,'et no better i''iins than those pr.iposi-d hy Cinted Slates, seal li.-iiier\ will be seriously nU'ectt'il. .\u. ;ju). ''•jlnitiid Ollii'i' lo Foi-ciijii O/ficr. — {lirndri'd Aiiril 19.) Sir, Downimj >Slreid, April 19, 1800. I .\M directed hy Lurd Knulsford to Irniisniil \i< i oil, for the infonmiliou of llu' Marquis of Salisbm;\, a copy ol a lidenrani from llie (Jovernor-Geiieral of Cuuttdui \m ■h -Ml, 1800. s afternoon to reporting that liis ("toveriinicnt at'cejit with scmo mollifications Sir .T. Pauncefote"s second Jrai't ('onvcnlion tor c^tabii^ilin!i a dose season i'or t'ur seals in Boliring's Sea. Lord Knutst'oril will he ;rlad lo have a copy of the seeonil draft, with the moiiific^T lions .Niii>i;ested hy the Dominion Government, if it has heen telefjraphcd by Sir J. I'aiincefote. 1 am, &c. (Sijrncd) JOHN BRAMSTON. • lie schoiiiier hepard. of the eied to Sitka, ieo. Sill' was •iireetioii uf K'itico hail 110 lis rnliiij^f tlie ^ of (he Seal Inclosnve in No. •>!'.). Ijird aiaulcti III Picstiiii 1(1 Ijji'd Kiiutstord. Tfk-raphic.) .i/nil 18, 1800. TilK I'rinie Minister told me this alternoon that hi> Cahinet will aceejjt Sir J. PaiiiK'orote's second draft with some moih'u jtions. wl.ieii, in my opinion, do not injure it. I liavo telegraphed to tell liin) so. I jicpi- gravi' diilienlty is now ovi'r so far as Canada . (•(iiicerned. No. :\-JU. Sir J. Pauncefntr to llir .U«;v/i((.v nf Sdlisiinri/. — {Ri'i-pirid April '2\ .Extract.) Waxhinffloii, April M, 18!)0. I Il.W'K the honour to re]iort ihat the i (onoiirahle ilr. Tapper, the Dominion .Uiiiister ot .Marine and Fi-heries, called on me yivslerday on jiis return from Ottawa. lie informed nn; that the (Janaiiian Govc^rnmenl olijected to my |)ro[)oscd draft of a Coiivculion for the settlement of the !k'hring"s Sea (picstion in so far as it admitted the jnovi^ionally. I'or the excliusion of 1. all IIOUIJll iui"('-si(y ot a cloe season, and provided Malcrs witliin a ceriain radius rcHuid the Inc^iiini; i-lands. I'lau.-i' 1 I understaiul (!ial the principal dhjiietion of (he Canadian Governmeni to iliu radium s thai it would iiraciically have (he tifecl of an admission thai it was neces.sarv preservation of the fur-seal specii'r : and tiiey maintain the po-i lion that indMlerence with pehigic seaiiiiji' is necessary for the jmrpose in vit. ml lil I am aii.\iir,!s (hat the ])idpo~al of liei- .Majesty's (iovernmeiil shnuld lie practical K'lal. anil sncli as wii (Miiimend iisell' in ll >cii>e of jiis(icc and impartiality of al i)(lur na(iiin>. On the other liainl, I iiceil hardly say Imw anxious I am to i;ive (he llllll(l•^( elfi ct to (111' views and wishes of the Dominion (Jo\ernmint in this iu;;olia(ion. I have (iierefore prejiared a new draft Conveitlion, of wliich I inclose copy, and in which I lia\i> followi iiidirated liv the Canadian (Jovernment. IS clo-eiv as is consistent with (he vii'ws ainne expressed, the lines ..Il!:i. am seniliiijf ii copy of the im w ilralt ihi^ day lo L spate' iniey, tof^ellier with a copy In tile meanwhile. I should heiiratefni if your LortKiiip would inform me hy tcU-urai uiiollier you concur in the vii'w- I have > xpre-sed and a])pri amended nv llie Dominion (government, as the comiter-proposal of llcr .Maies(y's Goveiiiment. Tor draft Convention as proposed to United States' (Jovernnumt. see Inciosuro 2 in No. :V2(<.\ No. ;<-'i, sit ,1. I'diiiirrfiiir III till- Mnrijilis tit Siilisliiin;. {(in riii'd April "J,").) ■'I,v Lord. H'lishiiK/lnii. April (."i, ISiin. Wrril reference i" ni\ iie~palch id' Ih' •.'!<( ii''imo, 1 have (lie limionr to iiH'iosc lierewiili c ]i|ai.es it at aliout 4,(1(1(1,0110; hilt a iiiaiki'il ilimiiiution ot the lunnljers is noticed within the last two or thii'e vcars. which is attriliiited liy the testimony to the fact ihal iinaiitliori/ed ]]eisiins dmiii'.' tlie siiniiiicrs (if l.S.Sti, I,SS7, and IS8S had littiMl out expeditions ami cruized in Alaskan waters, and hy the ii«c nf lire-arms ilestroyed hundreds ol' ihoiisand.s ot tlnse animals without reijaril to a;;e or sex. The law |iroliil)its the killini; ol' fur-sfals in the ' ■■rritory ot Alaska or the waleis theieot, except by the lesM r the Seal Islands, and the le-.-cc is |ieiinitled to kill during' the months of .June, .Inly, Suptenihei, and Octoher only ; and is forhiddeii to kill any seal less than I year old, or any fenialc .seal, "or to kill sill h .seals at any iime liy the use of lirc-avms, or hy other means tcndini;; to drive the seals away from those islands." (Ttevi.sed Statutes, .section l'.)C(l.) (jovunior Simiison, of the Rud.soti l!av (Jomjianv, in his " Dverland .lonriiev lioiiml the Wurli). 1S41-42, ].. l.!0, siiys:- " Soiiif Iwi'iily iir tliirly years a(tn tlnTi- was it. tll0^t wasfftiil itestrnclion of tl'f scat, wtien vt-iiiiL' Jinit old, mat*' ami lernalf, wen- imllsrriii)iiiat>-ly kiurkid in lin- Ix-ail. Tliis iin)iriH!i-ui'i', as any one niigia liavc i'.x|M-ii<-U, proTcii il<>lriii)i-ntHl in t«o ways. lIvraiY WAS almost e.xtirpateil. and IIk" niarlii't w.is ulntt.-d to sucli a dt-^rif, al the rate (or ^onir liini- of 20O.IJIIO «l did lH)t I'At'ii pay Ihi- expcnseM uf carnai'f. Tlif Hussialtn, linwi-vcr. have now adoplid nearly Uu* >nlni- plan whictl llle Hntl'oa Hat Company pursu.s in n-. ruitini; any of its cxliaunli'd diktrii Is. Iiillinn only a limili'd numla'r of siifh m«,\v> as lia\i' attainiil ih. ir fall Uniwth, a plan ppinliarly applinildc to tin- fnr-n'al. inasinui'li a- its haliit- ri'iidiT a sysl.in of hiKliandini! the "lock as f«iy aciii Pertain as that ut destroyint; it." In the y(?ar IStld the rooki'lies ..1 the (ii'uigiaii Islands produced ll:.;.m"i I'lir-scals. i-'inia ISOu to ISj;l, .says the " Kncyclopa'tlia liritamnra." "the (ieorjiiaii Nland-- pK.diieeil I .L'llU.OlMl seals, ami the Island >if J»esolalioii has licen ei|iially |iiodiiciive." Dver l.iHiii.lKiii wfie taken triim the Island "I Mft.s-a-I-'iieia and shijiped to (,'liina in ITHX !l'.i. i Fannin.i.''- ' Voya|.ie> in the South Sea." p. 2'.!'.'.; In IS^Oaiid IHL'l over :iii(i,(i(iil lur-seals were taken at thi' .South Shetland islands, and Caiitain Wedilidl stales thai ,il tl nd of the -ccoiid year the species hail there liecoine alniiii of New Smilli Wales. |il(l, Odd .,kins were olitained in tin- "ciiis 1814 and ISl,"i. Keferiiii;: to lliese tads. l'roless,,i I'illiolt. of the Sniilhsniiian Instiliilion, ill his ahlc i;e|iial "H the Seal islands, piililished hy the Interior liepartmeiit in issl. -avs ; •• This Hive- .1 viry fair idoa ol It aniirr in whirli Ihr liusinrsi was roniliiitrd in tli.' -"onth Faiihc. Uon lonif would our ■enlini; inlorrsts in llihriiiL''- SiawilhMand thv allackn of >uiy vrssrls lariiiiiL' (loni Iwiiily to thirty ini'ii tiii-h ? Nut nviT t»i' se«o!ls. TUf (art that Hum ijiiat -inilheni niokrrn .- willot.iod and paiil for atliirk- of this' cvlHisiTe I'haractcr ilnring a prriiid I'l moil- Ihin twiiily year" speaks .'loipi, ntli of the millinnii upon millions that must hate e,.*c|> litlll vi,iln| (ill ill'' |iiulicril« (if llm Sitttli I'aiilii', ill ill" Hiiltfii -^liitfiiiiiil liflinv llic ( 'oniiriilli r .i;i ( 'mmiu'rc'i' oC l.lic jldiiw of Koim'st-iiliitiM'S. miid : — '■ Ai* shnwiiid the pr iKrc-K <■{ tin.* tr.Mlt ill fiir-^riil .*kni». .:,ii iht- it' ■1-'* - liril\ lli.ii. liM I iili'i:r I,';.' 1 I I.sil.t, K<'r;(iH I'll l/iirt, in tin- Indian Otvnu, uri.lcil 10 the Kiiirli^li tiii«li-rs ovit I itllo.iinii uttin^; i>iii u|>^ii r'.itipri.'tinii >». (.1 i.:t li.c l.iTils tliiit iixnti'il it.i'i-t-, anil *tn(*p thi'lfltti'T \i*Jir Imrilly Itill per iilumiii fiiiiM (».■ •ibt.iini'il mt iM ll . I. mil' ii,.i.i All! ruaril.< M.i.--;i-rin ra Ihlainl, iiirir Jii.ni rcitianili'Z, •111 viMtrit. iinil .'ilt.OOO a.vf'ar wrrr •it't.iiii'-ii ; ImiI . " f\.".-y nm tli.-it ilii-in-il wi. tr--' l* •_'!' ;iii-l kill, tli-- ii-ii.i( ri--' It tii]l"wiil the Ki]!. «i T. i'jitt'titiiii:itt'tl at tliiit i^lanil, :iim1 a^" iit ti.i }ii|i tuar tiy . " Kili'liiini iilnl Mii-tlanil li-liiml.-, .-mil .* riatril tliat at tin- SlietlaniU litem- lOM.Illlil prr aiiiitiiii iiii:^l.t ti.iK- li- i-n iilitHinril anil the niokerii-^ )iri>4ervf . lint in III- i-affi-rin-Ti- ul nun tlit-y killi-il uliI aii'l iiiiint:. iiu.ii- anil ti-inuli- : li'llr piip-^ a fen- ilay-i .. ll, (ii-i'l-iMil 'if till ir III- tliir-. liii-il h\ tliiiiihaiiilii iin tin- tit-ai-iu ^ -. i-aria;— i--- anil iinin - >tri v\i'.i tin- ^tln^^!.. aii-i tliis |iiiiiliirli\e tisliery 11.111 «l:<':i\ la-itri-yi •). It i« r^tiniattil tl.at ill till- year« lt«i-rihin(; in after jr.ii"- \.i< M-rn-Sii tln-ii-. -ay? : * \Vi- icetit tl.i- tii>t year with iiiii' vv^mA anil rit l.'^i'": ih' -I'iMiiil ii-ar will* twii m-^hi-I-, anil iilitaineU .SO.IIIHt; Ihi- tiiiril \e.-ir with -iv vi-**ii Is. in-tlHii: iitiU 1.7ll0---all thiTa .Ml.-fl.' -•A ^11. .It ritiikt-iyi« utill pn-^TTt-ti nt tiiP Itoliii^ Iitl.iiKtt. nit' ihi* Kiver Lu I'l.it-i ; llii-. lu-iiitf rart-fnlly miarili-il under strict. ftirulali -ii-t tt\ till- (Jtivtrnint'iit nf llut'iitts Ajn-i' anil n-ntttl tn prnpir parties, yifld> a'-nut .'i.ll 10 Hkin-* per aiiniini. A^ late as the trar li^.'-t a ^Ill-ill iflaiat, hurilly a iiiili- aertis*. waii liitrnTt-iid liy .\tm-riratin in tin- .lapiiii St>;i. when- almut .^li.DDII M-al.* mmirted innualli. Tiail.Tt vi-iitt-tl it. alltl in tliri-t- yt-ar>. the rliili anil kliile hud i-le.-iinil tti- it. all nlf. \ttt litn a m;il)li' (,,'. A. Williains, of ('oiiui!cticut, wlii» iiilifritcJ ihf wli.'iliiije ;m(l sealing iiiisiiu's.s from liis father and i,'ran(lfatlicr, spcakiiii; of Uiu seal in tin' Soutii I'acifiiJ, fflvf llic lollowinv: tc'.xtimonv bcl'ori' the ('oni'ressional Committee: — Ill.'tltil'V II r »i'ii! Ill;,' ^;ii'-.-i I lite k ti ml 170(1, mill I'liim tiint tn ll ly ])a!'l 111 ilii--' ifiitury. In llti- ■iiilicr pei-iiiil nf wliici' ] s|n'iik lliciv wi'if iin siniIs kimwii in llii- Ndilli I'liiitii^ Out'iiii. lu'cs, on the lli(i Tkii Imiliiiiliir limiiit wii.-i till- Siiuili Atiiiiitir. Tlicy wurc iliscuviii'il by (.nnk, in lii-s voy Uiiiiii III Iti'siiliitinii ; liy Wiiliiiill, in lii.>* Miyufics to lite Suiitli I'nli', on the Islitinl nf Sun mil Saiiil«ii-liiiinil ; ami liy litter vnyii^i-is, wltii.si: iiiiiiK'.s rsciipi! iin-. in llw i.-^liiiiiU (if tltf Sontli I'licilu; tlitt iinmliLT nf scul.s tin tliosi- i.-iliiml.s wi-ri- lii^l liintii'lit tn the iiotite nf I'lritish Orellli, WI miruliiiiils, llicy imrsiicil tin; linntinii of tltcse aniinals on tin; Isliiml nf Di-.'^nluLlnii. Till' itmxt mitlii'ntic iiiitltnrity \vf Itnvi' iilnmt tin.' inattci' i.-^ iloiivfil fnmi i-i'|»iils inaili' liv tliesi! Uip^'iTs ii.-i 111 tlic iiiiiulii'r (if si'als taken I'lniii iImim' jilines, uml. ;illliini;,'li lliey me not entirely JcniraU, I think they me flill> as aeetii-ate lus ennlil he t;x|ie(le(l, i nlisiikliiiL: the lit|isi- nl tinio. Oil llii'lsJMiiil nf De.-inlatinn it is i.'siiniiiteil that 1. •_'()(!,( 1011 fiii-seals Wile liikeii ; li"iii the Islaml nf .''nntli iKufu\;, 11 like ininthei- wei-e taken, ami I'lniit the Islaml nl' Mas-a-l'iiei;i |iinhalil\ a ui'eater innnhfr wi-n.- Iiikeii. .\s tn the .'^amlwielilaml the .--tiitisties me itnt (leaf, lull lliere ean he nn ilnuhl that over .■iili.iillii M'lils were lakeii linin tliat Im-iility. timl in ItSl'li the Islaml-; nf Sniitit .Shetlaml. smith of Cape lloiii, Well' ilisi'iiM'ieil ; ami fiiini ihese isiamls "ilMl.llOd ftir-.seals were Uikeii in Iwn yeais Theii' wcic I'lii'-v liii'iiljli.'s li-niii whii'h .^eals were taken. hn( im ntheri while tiny wore fniiml in such I11114H imiiiiii'i'.s 'flic eiilise iif the e.Ntei'iiiiliatinii of seals lit t!tn.se luealities Ha.-< the imliseiiininate ehariieler nf tim !l.iii;.'lili;r. .'sniin-liiiu's us many as liflceii ves.-cls wniihl he haauin,'-: armiml these i-^liiinls awniting '|-|«i'.liiiiil\ tn ;-ct Iheii- eateli, and every vessel wniilil he unvemeil hy imliviiltial inlfiests. Tlicy -inlii kill evrrylhiii',' that eaiiie in their way that fiiini-heil a skin, whelln-r a I'nw. a hull, ni u iniiUllo- ^^ ■-■iiiwii .--I'al. le.iyiii;,' the ynim-; pups jtisl hitrn In ilie fnini neL'leet and starviitinli. It was like titkiit',' a ll the Wiil'lfi." IH luril el i-altle aiiil kiljin^' all lite linll> and eiiws ami leavill;,' the 1 .lives. The exteriniMalinii was si wliililcli' in the-c luealilies lltut tin; trade was e.vhaiisleil, and vnya;_;es in linw plaees Wero nliaiidnned Vwjiit I.STll. neatly lifty years after the disenvery nf llie Sniilli Shetland Islands, when the ni'iaipalinii I' .Vl,i-ka li\ the eL'.s.--inii nt Uii^si.i In the I'liited Slates nf the l!i'lirile,''s Sea was liiiim;lit alunil 7/it Cliiiiriiniii. — 1 wani In inlerntpt yim In ask a inn-slinn heaiin.L,' on that jaiint. Weie Ihosu '"^iiii-i in the Hniitli .Seas never nnder the ]irnle(:tnrale nf iiny C'livernnienl at all .' TId KV/ic.ss.-.-Xevei'. 1 was yniii;,' t^. '^ay thai whin the eessinli was made hy IJu.-siu In the I'liikil Staler n! this leinlorv. and the .-nlijeet nf the value nf I'lir- seals, nr tin- imssihK' value, wa.s Iruiii^hi In niiiid. penple who had heeii pre\ iniisly I'ln.'aL'i'd ill thai Imsiiiess ri'visjled ' ihe-^e sntitliL'rii i'«iilitie< after a lapse nf nearly lifty yens, and in 1 seals Were rnnnd nn the l--lanil nt I lesiihilinii. iii'-.-i- i-laiiil.-. have heeii used as the hrt'edili^'-plaee fur sea-eleplinitl s and that elenlnn innt he nliiiiiiiiated on liiat islind. I'm' the iiasnn that eerl.tin heaehes knnwii as "weather he.e l.rs ' am iliiii'. The sea lireiiks riidi'ly iipnii tht'.si; heaehes. and il is intpo-ihle to land tipnii tliein. There tiro fill'.-, .'^iitiiethin.i.' like IllM) In ndl) feel, nf slinn; ice, and the s"a -elephant timi - a safe resell nn llicse !'-ii'lii"^. ami still preseni -. eiiniiidi life In make the )iiirsiiit nf that animal wnrlli I'nllnwin^r in n 'Mlilll \\.l\. I liaM- vt',-,-1'1,-1 iheit-. and |-.i\e had. iii\.-ell' .ii.'l lathei'. I' r lii'iy nr si.Mv yi-a.s. I'.iil ihls is ii'"iliiilal. Till' Island nf tSoiilh Shetland, ami ihe Islaml of .Soiilli tliHirjiiii. ami lln- Isliind of >'iiiiii',vi.-|il^iiii|, and I'll' hiiuns. nil' I 'ape II and mie 1 r twn other leiimr pnilUs were rniiml In yield »i"i- nr le?s seal. In Ihi- peiind nf lifly years in tiiese Inealilie.s seal lii'e hatl r"eiipef,iled tn siielt an ■■^'cni that Ihere wii-; taken fr.ii'i ijit'ni in the ■.i\ \e-if-- I'mia ISTi' t" l^^T'! or I.-l \ ear's seareh III \ i-'-i-l-i ill I hat reeiiin - I have llie siiilisliis here n| a vessel iVnlti .'■'li.niiinlon it'iiii the .•>. mill tShi'tlaml Islands, reporied in IKXtS. and she pimureil lhiri.\ -nine skins as the tntal "Ilk .ll .i-.ireh nil llto.se islnmls iind .Snitlli (ii'ni|;iii. "•1 nf lav nwn \e".u.'I-: innfiiied ■^ix'v-nm' skin.-, in, I'lilini' eleve'i piiji;. as ih ■ told le-.ul- .if her fl28] ' • M 42t5 voy!tf;it ; and. cMciit iilidiil ('ii|ii- llmii. iImiv iiii', in my njiiniciii, im si-, is iviiiiiiiiiii;,'. I clo li ; iJiiui; that 10(1 seals ciuilil lir ]iiiii'iinMl IVniii ;ill llif liiciilitii's iiiciitioiii'ii Ivy ii ilosc st'uicli. Any mmi- ,.r (iios,, l«x'aliti('s I liiivc iiaiiu'd, iiiiiliM' jiidju'r juiilcftiiin iiiiil ic^tiiiliuiis, iiii.Lilit liavi' bci^n |criMlii:ilii| •isn l)reL'(iinj;-|)l:ia' lur seuls, yii'lilin;,' iis >.'H'iit ;i iimiiliir ]i( i- iiinriiiii m^ liip llii' i>lniui> l'f|iiiii:iii',' Ui ihc rnitcit Stall's. .Vow, tl.i- linilc ill tliosi' liiialitics is ciiiii-ply I'xliiiiisticl, ainl it wmiM In- iiii[iiissili|c jn a c-'nturv tn ruslofli lliiisi- Islaiiils. nr briny; lliciii tiai'ii to a ]Miiiii wlicie llicy wmiM .\irlil a n'usoiialili' I'eliini Ibr'tln' iiivcslimni nl' i'a]ii:al in ininliiiv skins. That, in l)iii;l'. i.iiniiilL'lcs the inst'iry nf ihc I'lii-Ji'ii! in Uui Sonth .Vtlaniir < >ii'aii. Ihtiitjir t if Ihc K'li I min il'diii ttf Ihr .llndii linnhiir-f. W'f lia\(^ ichPiiily incntiiiiuil that the ])iv.scnl niimhcr of seals on St. I'aul and Si. (1 y, i,iliii,,|, has inali'iia'.ly climini-hij daring,' the last two or thhT yi'ar.s. Tlic> ti.sliniuny ilisc lo-^es the iiiit tluiliL liirjjc iiiiinhii of I'.rilish and .Vnuriian vessels, manned by e.xjievt Indian ."eal hnnlers. have liei|iiint.Hi n('hlinj;'s Sea and destroyed huiuln'ds of tlioiisands ol' fnr-scals by shoot in.i; them in the '.valer, iiiiii securing; as niaiiy ol' the carcases for their skius as they weie able to taki' on board. 'l'!ii^ te-liinniiy .yf tli(Hiovernment Aoents shows that of the nnniber of seals killeil in the \vat(!r no! nioiu lliati eni. in seven, on an avera^'e. is seenrc'd. for the reason that a wonnded seal will sink in the ,seu : so tint foi every l.Odii sealskin.-^ secured ill this manner theri' is a dimimition of seal life at llinsc rookeriis nf ;il htasi 7,0"ii. .\dded to this is the fact that the .shoolLiij; of a female seal with youiiu' causes the dvM\ of both. If the shootiiii,' is before delivery, tliat. of ((aiiTe, is the end of both ; if aflei, the vihim',; .seal dies for want of sustenance, Durinu the season of l.s.S,", ijie niimlicr o! (.■onlrab.nid sealskin- ]il.a-ed on the uiaikei »as uvcr l;!,(H>0; and in JHSb, :;."(,(l(lll : in ISS7, :!l,flOll ; and in 1SS8 the iniinlier of illicil skins seciiTcd \,\ Uritish eniiz 'IS was less llian l!"i,IMlb, which niiinber vvonhl have, Inen l.imely incieaseil liaii imttli' season been very stormy and boistenais, American i ilizi'iis rcs|>ei'ted tjn' law and the niil'lisliiMl notice of the Seiretarv ol the Treasury, .iiid made no alteinjjt to tfd.-ee is |ierniilted to kill liiU.iKMl fur-seals on St I'aul ami SI. fleorj.'e Islainl-. aii.t a., nj.nv, and is |:ioliiliited from killin;.; any female seal or any seal less than caie year old, and from killiii;; laiy fur-.si'al at an\ lime except dnriiiu' the monilis of .Inne, July, .Seiitembcr, and October, ami from killin,' such ,seals \i\ the use of lii-e-arms nv olhei means lendiii;,' to ilrivi- the! seals friun .said isl.nids, anil lium killinj,' any seal in the water ad.jaeeni to said islanils, or on I be biaela's. eliU's. ,.\- loeks wlicr" !!i«y lim.^ iiji from the sea to remain I'liitlicr extract Iroiii lleiiort : — li i-. clear lo your I'onimitlee, Irmii the pioof -ubmitled, thai io iirohibil .-eal-killinu I'li :lic .Su.il Islands, and jpcrmii ihe kllliuL; in JJehrinn's ,Sea, would be no |iroli'ction ; for it, is not on llij i.sliiiids where the deslruciion of -eal life is ihrealeiied or seals are unlawfully killed, but it is in that piut I'f Dehrin.u's Sea l.\ in;,' belweeii the eastern and western limits of .Maska, as dcsi'ribed in the 'rrcaty d t'cssioii, through which lie cals pass and P'pass in u'oiiv_' to and from their h'cdinji-.uiiimuh. sniiic !'iU miles .soulh-east of the rookeries, ami in their annual migrations to ainI fnun the islands. IJxdact iVom Jte])oit tjf L. X. Hiiynit.sky, .\o<'nt of tlie Treasurv in 1S70, U) lI()iiom"il)h» (ico, 1,1, JJoiitwcll, Sei'iel.iiy ol" llie 'rrcastiry. It will be ohstM'ved that this IJcpoft was made in 1*57<>, helDi'i" any disptitt! liatl arisiMi willi tiie Caiiadittn sealers :-- Wbeii i!ji' herd has been diiveii a i ertaiii distance from tlie shore a halt is made, anil a sniiing of the name ai to a;4e, .-e.\, ami condition of ilie fur is ed'ei ted. This operation rcipiires the e.xen ise of ii lih'-liuio experience, and is of the cailmo~t importance, as the killini; of females, which .-H' oiaily mistaken for yoiiie,' males, cvi'ii by the natives, woiihl endanj.'er the |iropa'.'atioii of the specie;.. Tile saiiu; witness, when not an empluM' of (lie Ti'eastu'y, i^iive testimoii)' "" aiiotiier iioiiil in issi) ; — (,>, Where are those -eals boiii '. Where do ihc female seals .;ivi,' I'iilli to their yoiiii;,' .'—.t. TIh'v are bcuii on the rookeries. y, .\ie the\ an animal or a li>b, oiubal .iicihey; Ihpw do yi.ii classify llielii ?- ,(. They,uvlial- lijiiodcd anlmala bom on the bind; they are not a llsli. (,). And 111 rn on the I'niinl Slates' territory, ate they ! - A. \\:ti; all tlio.se born on the lskiMil:ii'l of St. I'aul and St. (leoiue. (,K That is in United Stales territory '.A. Ves, Sii. " KislierieK " is a niivliomei all llm « '.v ihi'oU'di. nnd nlwavs wiis. 427 ir. A. GliiUli'u, au A^cut of ilu- 'I'lrasuiy l)t']).iriiiu'iit, was 'ni tin- I'rihv'ov Lslaiuls from May 1S82 to Jiiito lssr». lu (Icsfrihiiii^ hefoic tlii' Coiisnissional Coininittcc the mode of killiiis seals hy the lessee; of I lie islands, the fi)lit>wiu!» occurred : — ■ ■' 1.' IlKllii-y kill liny rciiiiik's .' — .1. J'licv mvci kill Ii'MmIii I dii ikU know ni Imi lOn di Iwji !ii>^l;iMii - ill my i^xiKfiii'uci' wliiu'c ii Ic'iiiiili' .simI Wii- v.wv diivcn nut with llu; cnnvd. • ••••• (.'. !>(. Mill lu'lirvr ^I'iil life < ;>li Ih' |iii'-ci Vc I illiinil ( luM-riMiu'liI pliilrclimi ■ivrl I Iwiii .' /I. . ,1 laii sealers :• Irstimoiiy y<'\' 'ilimi "I ll;''m dip liny i' iv-v ;- .1. I ■ ! ;.'.l l.l'lioVi' llinri! timii olM'-ruUl'lll (irtllflll. (,' Till' iitlii'is hiiik ; — .1. 'J'luy shunt thi'iii ^iml liny sink. '.;. Iliivi" villi I'vrr nntici'il any wniindi'd nm s (IimI i:iuir ii>hn,. ihiil liiiM Ium-ii simt, ' A. Nn. >Sir ; ; ■ ;.. ; iliiiik I dill. The same witness testitied as follows : — (.'. Villi dii lint, think, lili'll, tllilt till' Villln: nl' ihi- ~r,d (i,-!hli:'s imd ihr -imI innkflii'S inlllil 'ic |ii . 1.1 d iiiidci- nil (i|irn |inlii'y ? — J. N'n, Sir ; I do iml. I think if ymi upi'ii it ther will lie dcstinynl *ill:iiill ulli'Stinli. (J. Iln yon ihiiik it iirc('ss;iiy tn |i|-ntii-l the M'ltls in llic >i'.i iiiid dnwii in ihrii t'i'i-dinL;-.;;iuniuls in tl" I'.ii'ilic, if pnxsilili', in nidci tu |iii'siM\ c tlu'ii lull Value and tlin |ii'i]M>tnity of sral lih' '. I>i' yon lliiiil; llniy iui;^ht tn hu |iic>tiTtrd cvriywhcro us will as mi ihr ronki'iii's .' — .(. Vi's, Sir; I think lhi\v iii:i;iit In hi' |iioti'i:li',il Hot aloiii; nn Ihi' mnki riis. lint nn tin- vvalfi> of tlm Fichrinu'S Si'ii. I do not tliiiik if i" iii-ri's>ai'v 111 i^ii oiilsido of tlio B('hriiij;'s Sfa, hcr'ansi- tlirvi- is no rniisidi'inhlr niiinlM'r nl' llil'IU, (,'. Aiv thfy Mil disiM'isid in tin' I'arilir ilial ihey wnidd iml 'hi' liahli' to dostini'linii ; — .1. Ves, .Sir; tlii'y aio .scattiii'il \rry iinnli. and no huiiti'is do niiu'li liinitinj; in tin" I'arilir. as I iinilovstiind. Aunlliir i'i'a.son why lln'V should hr |iioliTti'il in all the wati'is ol' the liohiiiiu's Si-aisthi.s; a larp- miinhi'V of .si;al.s that ale on thi' islands of rmiisi' I'at a Ljreat many lisli i-vciy Iwi'iity-lnui liouis, mid 'III' llsli liavr lii'ronii,' wi'll awai'i' of till- fail th.'il thrro aii' a fiond many sral mt tli'' .Sfal Islands, and j,:]y slay mil. a lonyi'i' distanii' finiii ihi' islands, and they do nut lomi' mar tin; shoro. [I liceomos r.ii'i-sary for llif si'al ih. insi'jvrs, tlm rows, to '.'u a irood di nia\ lie liikeii annually withuiil deliinnnl lo 'hi: iiiiikeries '•'—.,■/. No, .Sir; I wmild not recomiiieiid thai The lime may tome. Iml I think thai niie vrur v.ilh aiiollit'i' lliey are lakiie,' all lliev miL;hl to lake, for thi.. leason : I lielieve thai th" ea|iaeily of the Inilt seal is limited, lli-' same as any other animal, and 1 ha\.' Tiiv in'i|nently eunnt'.'d from iliiily In thirty-live, and even, al mie time, fnity-t wn cuws with one hull. Ilhir... if there were inure hulls there wiiiild he less cow.s lo one hull, and in that waylhe inereiise v.diiM h'. ereater than now. M'hile the niimher of seal in the ai;,i,'re,!,'ate is not n|i)iari'nlly diniinislied. Mil in fail, there is niidmihledly .in iln i-ease, vet if ymi take an> uiealer ininilier of -eal tliiin is l.tken niiw, this ratio of eows to (uie Imll would he ijieatcr. and fur llial reason there would he a less iiunilier of yiiini',' seals, nndnnliledly. I Innk uiimi the hieediin,' nf ihe M'al as soiiiethin;.' like the lireedii:!,' of any "ilier animal, and llmt the saiiii! care, and resUietion, and .jiidiiiiiiMit sijonld lie exercised in iliis hn'oiliiiu. The same witness lestilled as follows : — (,' Wlial will he the ell. i 1 iipnii the seal 1 mkeries it this siirii'|ililiims and unlaw till killiin.; in ihe l)(lii),,.j'< Sea is 111 he |ieriiiilli'il ' —.1 In mv judj^meiil. it wonld ivenliially extenuiiiale Ihe .seal niiei all lliu «'.>' "■If. ('. A. Willi.'iins ')\' ('i)iim'('tieiil, hid'ore relenrii to, lestilh'il a- follows:- — ■'.' I Would like to know I d.i imt know that il is jii.-.! ihe |irii|ier time- hul I wuild like in ;.;el til',: 111. I 1,1 ihose eonversaiil willi ihe haliits and iialure ul' the seal, as In wliil. llieir oiiininn is ii|iiin Ihe tifiit n,' ihe. iiiilisiriniinale kdlin,:; of ihem while they are eomiliL; tn and ^nin.^ fmm l!ie islands .' -I V! ,; , a iiiiestinn uhiih 1 think inu-il aiiv nf w > hi're can answer. If ynu note the roid'ormalion of [12^1 ■ :; I -2 428 the Alcutiiiii Islaiiiis, wliidi ri.iiiii a waiU, and iiotv llie pi(i.s lhniuu;li wliicli '.)»■ hcuIh ■•iii iW Pnt'ilin Orrun sri'kiiif^ till' liuiiiil 1)11 ihew! ihIiukIs. timt is ihu wliolf jioiiit. Wli-.-n tlmv I'^niu! lliroui^i thccf viiriouH |ia.>Ht.'«, ),'i'iii'niily tlinmyli lli(! Oorniiak Pass, tlio sea is raiLsonuiilv siuUlow. iimt iln' cowj conii' liiili'ii witli |m)is, waitiiin until Uik liuit iiiniiicnt in tl'c wiitor to ;,'ii iwlion' tji iliilivcr, lH"Ciiusi> Hiey coil roll anil sinilcli and lu'l|i tlicmsclvtw U'ltiT than if thi'v liaul iml wln^ii liwivy with ])n(i -■■ thfiy slay ill till' wiilir jilnyiii;; alidiit until i;l«'ir instinct wnni" ilium it is tinu' to co iiahorc. ami liirniii' that time tluiy arc iiiiu'. for this mi-ton : If vim kill* pup you destroy a single liic, hut in killin;; a cow you not only destroy thi- life that may In. imi thr RODrct: from which lih' comes hereiiftor. ami when they are killed there in the walA-r hy a slint-s^in •r a spear the i)ro|Hirtion .saveil l.y tin- iiunti'rs is jimlmlily not one in spven. Tiiiit was their own HiiniUe ; that out of ei<{lit shots they would save! one seal and seven wero lost. If thny were killed n the land, tlioso «>veii woiiltl iro lownniH lining out their senre. The saini* witness td»n tosfiliwl ns foUowN : — Q. Have you instrni.'led youi atjeiilK to comply stnrtly with the Liw> ^iiid lhtK>>lt>'><*»^ "i 'h" TnttMiury I'cpartment ' — A. In every case, yes. (J. l)o ymi kill .seals with liii'-arius iit the islands, or do you proluhit that ' — A No, Sir, iii'vir. x m not allowed hv the Act. Q. l>o ymi kill the Icmale seals or iilluw them ti> Ut killed ? — A. Never wiili our knowletlae. Q. III! you kill aiiv diiiiiiji the month of AiiKUsl for their skins i — .•/. Not a seal ; no Q I'd you kill any seals under .' years old ' -.1. Not Uial we lire aware of 'I'lio snmo witiM.'ss further testdiit'd: — Q. Now, ! would like to have your n|iiniuti ils to the iiutillicieiicy ol tlnr premtiit meiisiires lukuii by the (io\eMiiiiei!t for the prfitection of the riMikenus. iiiul vour opinion as to whether any aclditiniml safeounrds are i es.saiy tor their piotectinii. - .(. That the )tn-Heiit meiusures aic somowhat iiisiitliciiiDt ia shown liy the fm-t that foi the h'st lliret- or four vears there have U-eii iiicnmsi'd depredalnini oniiinilly upon ilie riHikerie.s Mme .senls an- taken williin tlie limits of llehriiivf's Se.i l''oriiicii\ -miU weD! only taken outside of llehriiej s .'^ea iw they ]iii.hsis1 up i.. Ilritisli < 'oliimhia, ;uid oil' the nmiitli of Pu({et Soiiiiil. ill the waleis o| tlu' I'licilie i )eeiiii. That wa.> a lejjiliniule ]iliicc lo take lliinii. iiml oiii' against which no ohjection could he mimHi. Seals which come up that way enti'i- thi'oiii
  • o aahorc until the I isl mmiiciit, and so liiey lie tlu'ie ill the water, and this iillWrds an • iv lor these niiiRuidei's to sliixit ami miear tliciii. I'lii-. i.-. done hy oiinLii. ol Iiuiiuns which tic They hire u'.in^s of Imliaiis iiinI tiku tlleiii with lliciii. The ellects ol llii^ shiHtUn;; is not ahilie iipiiil the seitiis wliieli arc at that point, liti'. also upon those all ainiiiid, and il .sutrttuii llieni and iiuw-.s a su.spieion in their minds, and tlicni ii » general Iceliiiy of di-linhaiice nmili iiR yitu nut lee aniiiiiu eiir,tle when kmurs iiri- iihoiil or soniPlliiii? 'if that kind. And nirtiiii :— V Now. Ml Williams, shouUl.ii In- liliiUlv itseertiauied ami coiiMHlen-d li\ our '>ioii hv wlimli we iieipiiied Aliutka Iroin llieisia, ami under the law il liiliaiWi the I'l.ited Sla'cs diH's jiosscsh and lias lUHuilnle lioniiiiioii and jnrisiliiiuon om'i llchnii'i's Sc.i aii aliiw l>f miuli u CI iii-M'. I,>. Voii lliiiik licit would he. ilii'ii, tiw wiser |Hiliey to inaiiitaiii -^iicli pirisdielion ami doiiitiiiaii u we have, and to ciuicedc to the vevwds oti nlher natiiins siteh ri!{lil« .is are not iueonslsteiii willi lii'' , inleli'Nts which oiir nation has then, iniilwlni h need |aiiteciiiin I .1 Ivxaclly thai ; the ri.ijlit ol tmnml i tliriaiuh tlic sea wliemver lliey pleiwe, hut |Hisilive pioiiM'tion li) mud lite. y. N ..i| d'l lea think it would U- wtn- to Mninl nnytliino eUe '-A. N" Sir; tiol at nil. y. .\iid III no cii«> to Hurrenile'r the power of )ioliejiio the sea' — A. No, Sir ; uiuler mU'.inmui*'^ Hlunees. (,t. Coiihl lli.it pi<«er and |iniir..lic(ioii he siiirendeicil iiinl Ml pteseixe this si.al lile "■. ' mokeries iiiid I lie valwi- of our llski«nes that may Ik» eUiviooped ilien" — A. Ihily with verv i,'H" ' byeause. il lli,il rmhl is liiirtvndeixd. aiuf tliendiv the riiilll lo poiiee llie sea. the depiTrliitloiis till! Uiiulo Upon lliii seal when'ver IIibv iiiav he lotind, wherever men lhiMi :witl wlalistii-s n-htivc to ).li|M'ars Mi« loIl(»wiii!»: — licriis siilimifltiil \)y ".•rli.uit. Mriiiiu', ;ill(l tlip siiiiif ;w Ui' KjkiiiiillulKiii of till' tiuliii'^l DTiU'ls III llii' liir-M-ul tisliriv sliow.s lluil Iniiii llli' li.ili; nt i.i.in'.i ivrii:.'iitlioli ot llii- viillK: I't liic till tlic jiiii.^ilil III iIk- iiiiJliKiI Ix'iirili^' II ii.i^ lii'i-ii uiaruHlll;; ttliil nlriilU'^i Savt' in llm lew iiistiiiiri-> in Ir' imti'il lini'i'iirtcr, -.vlu'ic (invi'iimii'iits imv iti:i;r|«):«i!.l fur -I- III iiliilfrtili'^' si'iil hi-'. Iiiivili.; in \iii\v lH>nrlils lo ai'i-rili^ in tllr t.lHiir. tli aniinui ll;is bi'Oll ^Imi^iiliTril, Willi Jii> n-j.il'iil Imi' lil'i till- iiiiitlicr, lai'li ami all liiivo Ki'i'ii iihii t liiiiiiiali^ly kilti'il or li'll I" iii<' "I WiUit. Tliir > i .irl ami iisi'|i'> fiir-«i'ul iiimi l(K-nliti<"4 wliii ii vmic niirr IViMim-ntiMl l>v iiiillinii.s of tin* •ijiiMifs ; anil, «" lar as these liK-alilif- nil' iiiniMTiii'd, lilts iiMili'ialnl an iiuluiirv whuli a litllii mom i iilii;hti'iii!il sclli-tinn'sit mi^iit liaM' |iH") il.1 pn'si'iit .slaUf of value ami ii.seliiliie»,s will Ue shown later on. lint the matter of its jm^sei valitMi ami IwrfH'tnaiion iiitiu:l is the iiii|Kirtanl i|iieMlion of the iiioiiieiit. ami that tlii'' '|iiestioii may he. e.iinHiilL'ruit mttdll'.'elillv the evideme Is lull' IHi'seiileil ii( the waiitoii di'StrileliiUl that has lielallell these idiilllill.'i when I' It iiii|in)teeteil hy the law lo nian's j,'ieed and sellishneHs, whiih, il m lair In say, \H nil that I'iMild l> i'\|M>(.'ted tniiii the unliniiHed hunter, wiiose naliire seeks indiviilu.'il .iiid immeiiiali; ){'Ui>, with 1111 n'^jiird Inr a liiturliiiies in a tew vears were ,.;aUieri'il and Hliip|K'tl l,JiH(,(Mlii liii-seal skins Itelaiio ihiipU'r 17. p. .'{Oii, says iif Maxii-Kiiera: — Wli. n lit.- .\mrnrjn« riiiw h» Ihi* pl»r«. :'i 1 rtl7 Bfiil li miM In mull* n ho«inf<« "f hiltinK •■•il*. llifn* m n-i ilrtiilit hut th#nl ••fi' .'.llU'l.imi "r .l.tXt l,ll<).>'ii ctrnni ID I MMli'M friiii lli.'lir" in till' *t»4«^i' "f %evrn *mir*. I Uiwrn iwrrh'-t iiinrt' lliAii |iMl.ll(ill iitji«r|f, niiil li ><>' ii .i-ii iit t)i > |iW-t> ti!i. ii llivrv wi'fi' llh' |>t^i|ili- iif f iiiflisti aliiti- II* v«Mtl< .III III* iaIaiiiI ftl nil'- llm • lillliit'f lu*.!!*." ,S»i«//i Shrllittnh III IK'^l Hi the .'Niiiith Slieilaiiil liilamls. a '.^rniip iieaiU south friiiii ( ,'api! Ilnrii, I'l'i iinie known to the si'.d-huiiii'is. ami III two \ears over iljn.iliii) •teiils wire killed all'' their .skin» shi)iped lioiii these islaml" Km'ii '.'.iiri/ii« - Liter still, d were loiiiid mi the Island o! Soiitli I ieir'^'iii, .S'luth Atlantiit iKutail, and fliini this liM-alltV was iditilllied nvei l.llilll.llOII of fur-seal. leavill'T the lieaehis iMIfe of mial lil'i*. Cii/ir llmii. — Kroni tlieeiHiMi. ol .Sniitli .ViiieriiH and ah'iiit <'a|Hi llnrn iiiaiiy tlimisandH of fur-Hi'»l have iM'eii taken, and nf the life onee so prolilj.' tlnie ii'iihin,' is now left save siii h reiiiiiaiit.s of foniiur lienis as shelter mi pN'ks and iHleis altmisi iiiarressilih. to the must dariti'..; Iiillller This iTi'iinl shows ihe neaiU iiimpleti' destiuetiun "f Ihe-e valllalile aiiiinaN in Millllioril nOilM. I'rii|M'ilv pnilirted, Keis^nelen Ijind. .MiiN-a-l'iiera, the Shellands. ami Siuilli (ieiiis,'ia niiyht liavn hooil liives III industry, piiHliieiii^ vam we.ilth, tr.iliiiiii^-srhiHils Im hardy seamen, and fiiiniHiiiii'j eniplnynieilt fur tens ot ihiiiiHHiids in the Will ill , ni.irkets where skins mi' dnsm'd, pn'parcd, and dislnhnteil. llm the liH-alilies \teii' no man's land, iiml im niiii eared for Iheiii or their prHlitets .sate im lliliiil;:li ■li"4triielliUHt Ixlumls, suuiileil in the iiioiiih I'l the Itiver l.a I'lnl.i owned iind r>iiilro||ril hy (hi> rnniii.iy Iteptililie, .iiid liy that (ioveriiment lensed to pritale piities for the sum i>l li.niMI dnlhiM tier aiiiiiiin and siiiiiK stipulated I hiirui's TIh' atiniiiil pMiiiiel in skins is iilumr l.'.OiM), 'I'he Hkin.s am of mtlii'i ml' ii<>> i|ualtl\ liisiitlit'ieiii i. sirii timis an- plaeid iipnn the les-ee.) in nipud In the iiiiinlN>r III skins permuted to he takrli aniiu.lllv. I'oiiseipieiilly there is Hiitiie w.i^le iif liie ; lievi rlllilcHS, the imasllle nl prnteelioll allowed |i,|h iiisiin iI the plesi I valioll of the iimkeiv. and Will itoulilllli) so to do. L' KnniaiiiinrRki ('iiu|iliit, wliieh eniniiMis of the |«laii>U of ('op|M.i to Itmtsia T!ie*i' inlands yield alioiil 'liliiiiii skiiiN per aniiiiiii. ot ^mmmI ipiiilitN mid are tiuariled hy ean'fiilly irsirietivii IndtM ai to Itiii klllnii; nl Mial, lUialnuous In the Hi itnles nl the rniled .'States lel.itivii In the ilimi imlij>>i'l Ttl'l I'l^llt III lake Hi'al '. U|Hin them in Iiiuh'iI hv llm IIusmiiiii linvellimeiil In nn AMiM'ililiiili of .Vuieriean lillu IH, will) alMi liiilil the lease nl the island U'lnii'^lll',' liiS7<^ >•' itH87, iiii'liiKJvc, .lliis nuinii li!i>. Iirm rjl.L'Tr. >l:inv ' '.'. Till' l'iili\l(i\ v;i(iiii iisi»t- i>l ill!' l>liiiiiU 111 Si, I'la.l mill Si. i ifui-jjc, and i.< a (iovcfiiimiiil ii'scrviitiiin in lliat lunl ol l!i'liiiii;_''s Srn iiimIi"! to iIk- I'lui-ii Sliiirs 1.\ Itiisujii, ln^jillicr witli .'mkI m (mil 111' Alask;! Sn cxIiiUi^liM' ;iu iiriiiiiiil of rin-^r islaiiii- .ml tliiir ^I'ul lifr lias hccii ;;iM n liy Mv II. W. liilintl. S|iiMiiil .\,:,'rlll III ill'- TliMisiir< I »r|iiillliuiii ;:i 1.S7 1. anil Hiiifi' iiiiiii ulcly (.oiiiiii liil Willi llll' Slllilli^nliiall IllSlillltiiill, wllirli Mrinlllll ...i^ Ul'll llmil. :l |>llll nl Tl'lllll (I'llslK l,'f]Mill, t.llill il woiljil It inlriMivi' lii'Vi- l<< all(iii|il i' -iiipiilriii-iii iiuylil, anil i.lii'ii't'nii' milv ^'t'lirraliziliniis lia.si'il nn ^'ai■l I.'i|'iiil anil -ikIi -lali'iiu'iil- nl lili' ami j'l • hm lln isliiml- "-diiv ai-c |iii'-rri|.i| as iiiav {«■ lurtiiii'iil ill tliis I'liiiiici (ion. In nil ni'ticli' on f'nv-M'als \vlii«;ii uipHBBiml in " liiiiMi aiiil W'litcr." ■Inly I 1-, IH77. Mr. Ili'iiix I /(•<•( llnijlislininn), I'-L-S.. saw It lia.s li.i'ii >i,il:1, wiiitii iiiun- lliiiii l.OiMiililii/.. «a- aiiiiuallv ii4tiiu4U!il hum Nvw (Ii'iiiijia. Iiisiilrs an inciilriilnlili. iiiiuiliri- i.r tiir->i a! kins, nf uliiili \\<- iiavi- 11" -!;!*'-t" ■ Sunn- iilfa may 111- liiiil of liair iiiiiiilicr^ In fi.iliii 1 yrais uIhii «■• Irani llial oii tin Ululi<' i-Kiicni, mi the rniist nl' i'liili' (an isliitifl im.I ■-'." nulls ill riiiiinili Ti nil'), ('a|itain Kaiimn-.', iinTiraii >lii[i " Urny," nliliiiiicil in IT'.iS n lull iii.|i .r ili.iiii 'kin- ami 1 .-limali'il tliat iln-i v..,i»' lift in the islaiiil nl last ."iil(l,0<"i si>aN f!iilis.M|iiciii|y tlicii- wi'ir iiikfii fii'ia till- mlainl itetJv >»hiirt (if l.(Mi|i.:i(iii Hkiii.s. Tlic srnl < iiiriiiiifr "iis «xlrMsivi-ly iimsi'iittcil llicii' fill liiiiin M'tnt», th" sMilinit tlirl mi tin' rim-l nf I'liilf iilmu' tlnn niinil'iiini.' IliiilV \is«iO>. Kl'iHii I ii'snfeni.iM IhIumi! aiuw iliMrnvcrnl l>y ( nuk, am) tlir Smilli Slirlhnils ilisi .ni'iril li\ Wi'ilili'll. llll- miiiilii'i III -iknis liik»'n wmi. al Irnjit lus ;,'i-('.it ; iVmii tin- lalii'i almn- ;!Jii,(lliii Will' ••!ii|i)iiil iliiiiiii^ llll' iwiiyi'ur-* ls:;l umi IHHH. i 'lnna wa.s lln- ;,'ri'al maikit In « liii h lliiy wiiv HCIll ami llii'lr till' |iiiii- fur iiirli tkill \^ll^ IlitBi i In li ilnjliirv. A-. HL'Vrlal iIihIISuIkI tmi.i nf .slii|iiiin'_'. rliiflK Kii'jliili ami Aiiiriiriiii ».ti' nl ilint liini' i'in|>liiyi'i| in fiir-wal rati-liiii'.' llir jirolil-- nl till! (■iirl> Liailnis wnh- •'iiiiriiimi.s. (lines till- rcaili'i .I'-k wliiit lias l.i-«iim- nl iIiih - MriisiNn ami lii;^li'y irniiiiii riilivi' siiiitlii'rn liir U.kIi' li !ia< I I'l-ii .ill liiil iiiniil.ilni.'il hy mans um*|'in).' ;.iii'i'il, ni kliss iiiij'invidiiin . ami wiintnii iriii'll\ Tim " \M infill want'' liiis mmi. ilmi " \i-.K-4taj wii.sin " liiiu nimli'. U'illimil llimin|il nf Ihn iiaiili ill' ii.i.;uiliil"l li'iiiliiTi |H'l>i«li'iitly killiii i-vfn- .sniil that iiiiiii' williiii tlmir |i'in'li. dlil ;'iiil ydiiin^. nuili' ami fi'iiialn. vvi-i-c imliwi'iiiMiiiin-lv iliini.'litinri'il, in .sfasmi ami niii nf srasmi. iinil tliniiHiniiU III tillli |lll|is mil illnll;.'lll unllll till- llnntilu HI klllH'klll'.' tliuni nn till' lli'llii XSi'Vn It'll In ilic nf lillll).'l>r itlnh'.j.iiilf nf lln' tliiNi'il Mini nnry i iii'im-i s nf iIiiMv niiitltiM's I'^M'ry i-nasl ami isltiml kmivii tn lir llm liiiiinl nl llll- st'iili. wiiK \ imli'il liy nla|i iifliM- shi|i ami llin iiiiissiu'iv left, iinlinislii'il liv nun naii^' wii-. iiiiiiiniuil liy till' iii'M i-niiH'iM ami i'i.iii|ili'ti'il li\ niiii'i^ until, in cmisciiin'm'n nl mini' nf ilui aiiliniils Iwiii'j I'll In liii'i'il, til 'il' ii'ii"a!"'r •.'iT'luiiIiv ilimiiiiHliiiil »n tliiit limy wrc i.limiHl i'\t"rmiiiiili'il, iiiil> » ff»v siiii'^'jli'is ii'iniiiuiii:,' wliiTi' luiliiiins wiuv um n iniiini. In wiini' |iliiii'.s wlicu' InruK-rly ilmy Ijiillinii >l inui'llnr 111 siii'li i|(ii nf llu- scnl lislinii^'s "I' Musk.-i ftir lln' IfKwo. ll'^li(i^ll lii'lufi' tin- L'iiiit<:r«'*'«inniil t-'oinmillii* as l'(lllll^^^<: 1,1. WIml |ilii|iii|liuli nf till' stjal* si.iil ill llm «a!i'l iil-c n'rnvilt'il ali' >|iianlillis nf inillil- hIiiiI, ami iim'kMJiiil Iaio' vi ir Iii\ iih-ii liii>il<.!lii tn nn- as iinirli as a ilniililt' l.nmlliil nl lia'l Ininiil la llii'i I imlnilili'il i'l tills \\»y • ' • • • * « (,». I Wlllll In .ink villi WJH'lllur III UM'. llll' :>-y('lli-ll|ll Ml>«l>>, III IllitllS 111 llll'lll V 111. Il .sllnlllll llllM' iiii.innil lliiM M'lii iliil iinl ivlniii In^t'ini-i .tti'V Ilmi ln'fii killiil f--j\. 'I'ltiil HrciiiH lo |i«' llm ium'. 'I'Im' iiiiiiiimlin'.' \va< . Aii'ii-ivi'lv (iinii'il nn III ►wMn iiml l.sHii, ami In |iii'vii>iis yniiiM, ami nf rninif llm |ai|i- lIllll Unlllll llUV^l' lll'I'll illl'll llnllt I nM I lldl .U'ln klllul 111 |HM.'i,n|' (lull |m |'i:.|lfll llllnllnll lilt' Il H4 nf llli'll IhiiiIh'Is .lilliim lliill M'll tt.Mtlil ltd' «>liii< l||lii|i llm i.sliiml'l ill jSNS. iiuil we hIiiiIiIiI IlllVn llllil lliai ii'iilttlniui iiiiiiiIn'I Imiii wiwuli i»' uwkn iiiir itt'li'iiinn llii.i vi'ii). Till' ili'lii'ii'iiiy iliix yi'ar !> litKrilattMl In llllil .ikiiM' In llm fi»»t r.lliMl I'Jti mws with killisl. .\ii(l I \m iiM »«iT (iitllirr lliiil if i'ii»> an- kili^l lull' III till Hi.iiii. '^••1 in .i n »)»iii > ,. 4»iU'r llin |iti|iH iiin Imm, tliii lallnr lire lilt ii|iiin llm ihIhihI tlv^nvi ' nf till' iiiiiIIiim' I I iinr iIIkI nl' iiHiiraf |ii'li-i|i. Tlin illii'l in llm hnliln wliilliiir llm I'liUH iim killtiil i«^iin« <«' ali«'i- llll! |iii|iH all' nii.f,iMii|. Tim Mniiiii |i«rii«li in i-ilJicr rti«». ■ ■ n 111*' ilmir liittiu', aiiil im turn Itviii^' iiitunitit. ■! nllu'r lliaii lie llli'l'' Anlllil Im. tin H|>ni'ial lillXnll wliV lllllll lllll inlil Wnlllll llm I llli'll .^laii'H llllil Kiiulaiiil Htf iii(i'ri'i<(i«l in lln' Alu-.k.ni nUml MiilfS IX iiilfit'si I III n u<% II |tnn|||ii.|' nl n«« Hmli'Mnl, li iIk'iui twn imtiiimi \V(. IIh< Cliilnil Ni.ui.«, Ini •i|ii< |im> ii dir^i' iiuiillicl nf nkilli'il Unlkumll ulnl a ImVi' aMounl uf OHfilliil'nliviiuiil ni lln* ilnlimM-n Pr()l'i«Hmr 'IHIintt. nf flu- '^nnHminDitiii hiNiitntinii, « Im Im . s|iimiI hoimo tiiiir in f», B U'lm; niilii'inliHl lli.il till A liuH'iiinii ami IIiishiiiii I in«i iiinmiK «ilii««ir ' — J. itiilv I llll ( lMV)< ••• will lt«i»tiin«-» intinv >ji<.«l >'M.!(il ritt- .inil I.n .mil •" Itiiillllfiii'lilii r nf IMI •Inliilii'lll'x ' xlilliiniM'.; 111. i•l)tllti^^ tiiiil llll' Ittiliilo y lUc lari iliii iliciir .,.:i|s wiiicii ,ui' jiii'sl liitldi- (o in. 1 1 Ills eye mill :iiiii aii'llii' I'ciiiuli' t'lir— i:ns. \vlii< li, licnvy willi yniiii',', aii' luTi' .'>l"wi\ iiraiiiij; tint I. ml, siiilllilly -ji'i'iiiii'.; al sr i In ililil Vnls. nil. I Irllliliiiil to li.i'll mil fnini llic; ninl rli|l)f:ii'C iif tllO A ili'v iip'iii lli.il' l'ii'i'i|iii._'-;.'i.iiiiii|>i until lliut il.iy. ainl limir tmii, airiv.- wliii-h limiis llii; jHMiiid .il" •Air'ir ','('statiiiii. Tin' iH'la-ii- McaliT ciiii'Liy- lliii'i- ii.^M-iirics with "Iii.li In .uviirc his niniiy. » iz. : lli' .ciiil-. out/ 111. Il, HIS willi I-. null's Iriiiii Iti-i x.'ssi'l miinil vvii!i s|M'iirs ; lir iists >IiijL-i,'iiiis an.l l.in'k-sli.it. lillrs and 1 tils : anil last. lint ninsl i|.:iillv miil ilr-trinlivr .it all I an sj.r.'.iil tlu' " .mII-ih'I " in lavniimM'' n'l'.itlii'i'. With v.'ill-iirts " iiinli'iiiiti ' li\ a ll'i't 111' ».'ali !■> in l>iliiii|.,;'s Si'.i .'iiiihs Uiisi' ■ iiiivri-v;inj |iallis iit 111 riir-sral. anvwhi'ii' rinin In In Ini) inilis ..iiiullirily liniii iIh' I'riliylnv '.'iimii. I am mmliiali- in" ,i\iii',' lliiit .saili a llri'l riiiilil iilti'ily lain an.l i|r-;iiiy ilids.i lur-sr.il rimki'iii - iinw |iii"iiiil. ii|.iin Ihi' >.mI l^liiiiLs in lrs> linir lliaii llnci' nr lour slimt yi'ais. Kvi'iy I'lint nl' thai wali-r)' i-nailway nl I'lii-s.'.d ii.iv. 1 al.iiM' in.lii aliil. ir iln'«i' null with iml. rlnikiil, innM ami w.nilil he If.iNrisiil liv tU'.sr ih'uilly, iH--; ami a seal i'ii|iiiiii_' fliilil nr V"'"n '" ''"' ■■''n'l'l^ wmilil liiivr ilii.|.i (in- watrl ami alinvo it, ■alrrlv line rliaiiri' ill ti-li nf s.il'i'ly |>a,ssin'_i sui'li .1 I'linlnn. (>|H'ii Ihiisc wati'i'.s 111' I'li'liiinii's Sra In iilii'lii'ikril |ii I i',;!.' ~ralilij lliin ,1 lli rl .il luinnuils nl' ..■>s. ]-. sli'iinii'is ships, s.viiiilil iinnmilialily Vfiilui'i,' lutn ihi'iii, In-nl iijinn tho iiin-.! \i!,"ii'inis ,iiii| iiniisi-riniinalii s|aii;.;htrr III' tin--.' Iiii-^rals : ,1 li w si'iisniis nf :.'n'i'.lii>l i,i)iiiii', tlnii nnihiii'j wi.iilil 111' li'l't III' tlinsi' wiiiiili'iriii ami valnalih' inti'ii'si.s nf mii' ( Invi innirnl wliirli mv iinw «. lamlsiiiai'ly i-iiil.niliiil nil llir .'^I'lil IslalidH ; Iml which, il ',;iianlril ami .iili^i'iw.l a- tlii'V an- liwliiy, ■ill last I'nr an in.ii'linili' tiiin! In rnini' its nlijci'ts ni' ihc lii.,;hi'st I'liminiiiial 'Ml. «l mill Miliii. ii> till' . ..;lcl, mill as siilij.ils fill' till' ninst I'asi'inaliii'j 'ii.iln',4ii al sfiiily, .•sliiiiiliii;,' I'ni-si'als in llii. ii|iin wali'is nf ihi- sea nr nriMii wiih iIh' |i> . iili.ir -Imi ,inil hiillnt . iMiiil^'rs ii>ii| iiiMilvi's an iiiiiiii'iisi! \»as|i< ut'si'al lil'i'. Kvrrv stuil that i» imrrlv wmimliil, and I'Vnii liinrtallv \\iii'ii II' 1 at till' liinnirnt nf slinnliii:.', dives ami ■■wiiMs away instaiitl\ , t.i jn'rish at {iHiii tar ili.staiit ami i.> in- ni'ViT ai;iiiii ,si'i'n liv its human I'lii'inii's : it is iilliinali'K ili'tniviil, Iml it' i> lusl. in Ml l.ir as Ihi' I iniitv'rs ai'i innrirm 11 111' |iirkiil llji in llinst i\i rv rasi' il. Il II lull lint nllr I'.il i.s shut ili'.id iii-'liinllv . kill, il iii'taiillv, Il 'ul ill ti'ii liri'd at liv tin' iini'^l ^killiil inariiK' ion hniili'i'it i.< wi sliiil. and ni'arlv I'Vi'iv Heal in (his Iimi Nsill Imvi' lict'li wniimU'd, nian\ nl ihi'iii lal.dlv i'!,'iilar tniiililili'j 111 til.' wati'r ari.nml llir and till' iri.".,'nl.ii Ih.iviii 'I ihi' liiint- iilli iii'liii'.' at tin saiiii- inniui'iii iiilin i. indi'|ii'iiiii'iil "I racli ntlur, niakiiii; lli.' dilliciilly nl' t.ikiiiK an •iirtili' aim iM'Oi'i linu'lv LiVfiil. an 1 till ill 111' rli-ali killiti'.' Vir« sli'iidi' .Mr. ticorn;!' U. 'I'iiin:l(', I iiitt'il Stnti.'^' IrcHhiin .Vi^fnl, in fliari?.' nf iIh- l"iif.'e;kl .ir'.s n|iiiiiiin ili.ii ihcy haM- ti. I. Thi'li' has lii'i'ii a -'li.^ht diiiiliiiil imi nf .seals, prnliahlx. 1,1. 'I'll wli.il dn Villi allrihiiti' thill ' .1. I liiiiik ll im iiM-i .1, hut liavo .li'i'iva-scd !—>•, II' ll.lM' liri'll lllnli' M'.l 1^ kdh .1 ill thi- s.',i ihiin . I hi'hin' \<\ iiiariimlrrx, I I'.stiniatril that tluv ;|iHtii(i >kin' ill IS.S". iiiiil in ni-ilcr in sn llial iiiiiiiIh'I nl' ^kill.s liny wmild ha imi.lMlil nil slmii' ili'siriivi'il milv thirl\' d In kill raMl.tllMI si'iils, wliilii this <'nlii|i,iliy in t'ikill); ■II nil' lint Inti'iidi'd In l»' killi'il. a 'Ihi |iii|i his ll'^l' Wl'll' Ivl ,iiii| ''tis a Ih'il 11' III di'lil .''nnii linit',1 a ynniiR •\\ tinnili'iitiniialh. u' Wiisti' 111' si'iil lift' Wit,- milv hits -I hill' in IS,S7 ? — ./. Yi's, ^'n . in sitiirin-,' liiil,i)iiO *kiiis. whili' tin's.' iiiai.indi'is iliil nnl kill last year hss than ."laiiMiii. 'I'lii' In^s nj' niiiraiidiii',{ si'hiiiini'rs h,iv. i\ inri.'il nil' thai llnv tin lint '.'run' innii' than laii' si'iii mil of lilli'ii itilii iiiv hands, and ihi'X liavi I'ViiV ti'ii til. 11 llirv niiirtailv wniiml ami kill, I'nr ll ii-nii lli.it till' si'.ils ,iiik vriy i)iijikly in |. II' VMili-r. .Mlnwili'^ nil It III' li'li, iIh'I'i' wiillld 111' :'iiMI,IMIii that ihey wmild kill in ';i'tliiix ."ill,lKlli h'kilis - ..'011,11110 nl ihii^i- killril uniihl III t'l mail's having JI>ii,llilO ]iii|is mi -hnn'. TIi.im |iii|in Wiiiild ili.i by u.iNiiii III llili III tiliii' whi'iMhii'Mt eaU will Ihi driven llltlllMlely tn set k l>nllli' iilher hiilin' «hrle lh.',\ uill linl l»" liinh'sled They will lull HiliiHie III he haiassed; and, if tliia niarandiiiK is ■ niiliiiiieil, lliev will, in iiiv 1.1111111111, eilli(>i' U) inaiiv as the \l,i'-k 1 I '.iliilll "li l,ll I 'nm imiiT ^ j'l 'l.idilillly e\l(irillilliil>Hl, nr will leave the isl.iinU |>eriiliineiilly and ini' < al 'miIii.' ntlii r |i|< iililV yii nil I he I'lissiiin MJilti. Tlioy 1,1. Will lliaiallllin'4 lllerelMe ll' the linVernnielll il llnt lllke Mle|i~ In |ile\<'|ll il I' .i. I lllillk V I s ll |i|ai III ahle In phvelil ll I ■ J. V es, .'Mr, 1 1 did niil lliln'.i lil.'ie I liisik y, piifsisti III. iisiiliinl lliiliHli I'nliinihiii M'aiiiiii In u'< llit'h- anil .liii|ll( luiM'lliliK'Ill at mil lull kit, iilld Ue will Infill Viill mi litis i|lleslinn '>lii'|ilii'ii|, " I liiM' i;iit a slinii|( I liivi riilin III al my hai k. and I ain ^niiii! ><' 'In tiiv dillv. My tinvei'i aii'iit wmiiIm iiie ll |ii'iit(>i'l iIh'hi' mciiI nHiki'i'ies I iiiii eliaiitvil hv ihii< .\dliiiiii"li'.ilii>li In (iidur'ti Uiv I » mill I will m'i«e nil iiiiiniudei't " 13J (.1 V. >|iiMkiiiu ii wliilt' ngo ill ti'gtini In llir iiiii>>iliit of m-n't it>' v iii.iiaiiiii'r!! atnl tlial. 11 'ii^litin iiiiil ^'iviii tlif nuiiibt'r cif wills ili-irnvfil. IIum' ynw M"'t\ uiv ni' iln' Iny liouks nf Iboso vcsscIk ? — A. Yi'.s, Sir. Q. Will Vdii .stiilc! what you ivini'iiilicr with ii';{:ini I" llif iiuiiilH-r nf -ruls lusl or i;i|iiuii'il liy tliiwu vosKils? — A. I ii'iiii'iuliir iiMilin;.' tln' Inji-linnk nf llic •• .\iii;(l l)i>lly,'' wliirli I ciiiitiin .1 Tliitiv wiLt an t'lilvy ill Lliiil l(p;_'-lM)ok tlmt Minl ns fnllnws: ■ issiiril lii-ilii\ In iny liniil.s ;' At iii^lit. Ihuy iMiiic in with tlic iiiiininnilinn nil cxin'iiili'd. iiiul nin; ciMii-^lxiii, :iliilllllliilliiii. Q. 'J'Ik'\ IukI shot .'!ilil Kiiiiiils (il iiiniiiiiiiilini . I. Yfs. Sir. .\iiniliiT t!iiir\ I W.ll;) hlinl, linlii the lUck. \iv.\ 1 iilv siiuicci mil All In-^t llUl nlli'. Alinll saw "as ; ■ >i'Vfii K'l I'MllA It IS vi'ry (llininlll^ to ISSIH' 11 llll'L'l' l|lllllltlty nC allllllUlllllnll In Vnlll' An Ciilvy wiiH iiiaili' in iiiintliii ]ila(i', wlnn; he ;.'i'Vc it as his ii|iiiiinii iIimI Ih' >lii| skill out. (if I'Vfiy lil'ty seals wnumliil and kilh'il. :ii>, mill liiiM- sii lew si'iils ii-iiirnril,' lint !tili' iiiii- sea ^'. llnvo ynll sct'll Sriil-skilis ii|iim the islaml thai had hrili slmi ' ,1 \,\\ nli.n \Vi' '.Mllicr li:indful.s of alint tvcrv scas' III ('. Duos that illjinv t!ir Iiii:rk<-1 Valllr nl llii- skili^ ' ■ .1. I iiilniii'l.' Il\ \ii;, Iniji- i^ ,iii liiiiil'\ li • t"' slviji. liXtmct IVom Mr. Tingle's |{t'|Mirt in liic Tfra^iii y Di-pjirlmriit ; — am now convinceil t'nini wimt I >,'i)llK;r, in ([ucstii>iiiii<.' the imii liiiniiuiii^ :<• raiitiiiid -rhnniii'r.H Mild lirmi ifiidilii' llic Inys nf the vi-ssrls, tlilit mil iiimi' I mil Mill' SI at 111 till killi' lid limiUllv II .SIM' till' »aiitnli drsliiii'linii nl si'aj life tviiiindcd ia Iiiiidcd mi llir hnuts and skinnid ; lliiis \oii \\i witlioiil iiiiy lii'iiclil wliatcvii. I think nO.nlMi skins tnkt-u this year liy tin' iiiaiaiidiTs is a In ePtininl.o (mtliis hasis ; .SdO.dUO fur .seals Wi'ii |)nny are allnwii killed tn seeilli that nillilhi 1 l>v law tn kill. Villi laii ieadil\ sit that lliis llio Al'iska C'niiiiiieivial I'mii ulnii'-liU'v iif sells will ill a few vears make it. iiiijinsdiliUi fur lOi'.i'nn skins to lie lakeii nii the i.slaiiils llll'ee tunes as lii.inv im ;reiil i|iiis8iiili! lur lUn.iMiii skins In lie taken < ■ |i/ till! lessees. 1 earnestly lin|ie nmre \i..'ii|i>lis iiieasiiie> will lie ai|n|ili'd liv the 1 1 dt'nlinj' with these destriielive law-lireakers >\ iriiiiH'iil III Willinni Gavitl, an Agout of tlic I'niu-il SUiU-s' 'rnusiirv , umm- iliis ii-siinmiiy :— Q. I unileislanJ yim in suy — for iiistumv, tiikiiiK IMS? or ISSH- that tin Ioii.imiii seals inkuii MJifiii the, islniids and the 4(1,000 taken aiiil killed in the water, if im ••leater aiiiniiiit was taken, tliiil tlirrc would lie im |ieiee|ililile diniimitimi in the imnilier ol .seal; that liy the iialiiial imiease the Cmii Hvcrnw hetweeii L'."i.(inO killed in |HSS and alioiit lli.iinn in ISHT iniiy nil; ;ht take (liliOO innn lliaii imw if il lilt fnr the lll'lil'ed.llinn .1 1 hiid ill iiiiiiil an Q. Wlial 1 want in kiinw is this: Is it ymii ii|iiiiinii that ilie iiiiniher taken in ihi HTo on the wiiv Irmii the inlands In ll •II lliey diie,'-'-:lniiiid^, have a leiidelirv In diliinialize llie seal and tn 4in':il; up their lialiil~. their iiilllideliee, \e. ! —A. It wmild he likely III dii it 'lhe\ all' MTV easil) fii"lilened, and the ili<,li,ii:;r nf |ir has a lelideiiex In frii.diti'li tlii'lll a«,i\ Itv Ml. .Ma. Umiald (.'. N o He, lis ai' kiile i\ the < 'iim|ian\ Ml tills NMIV .( Nil Sr ; llie> ,i|v all kllhd mi llie ijInniU Willi elnli? ilnuol) II. .Xliiiiliuii, till Ani'iil ill' llii' (iiiMTiiiiioiil, ti'sliiii'il : — ('. Dnynii think it esMiitial tn the |iieser\ation nl .seal lite tn pinleit ilie .-eiil in ilie ualers nf AI k I niiil the I'ai'ilii C Tl le III lit enll ll 1. .( Till 111! diiiilil aliniit il lAteinnnaled wilhniil takiie^ lliein ii|i'iii iln slanil'< .1 Till llll In l-'^' 'riiiiiiiiled l.v a s\Melii nf nialaiidiiiL' in the llelii ill'.' s Sei Kr'lish Cnllindiia mast did llnl alleel the linilil'i r we Well 1. iiilt I llil'ik the nnniliel killed ali'll^ tile killini.' nil the islaliiU al ihat IiIih'. lieiallM' • hern was ii|i|i'ilently an llielea^e dlirill'J the.^e Veals, 'J here hail lueli Inr live nl -l\ \eai ■ il|' In til. I'MC nice thai liii'i' 1 11 Itrlll ■•sea the -ea ('. \t)\t lllillk lIli'M lie 11" itiilllit of llial ha\" I II jiiadilalh deeieasili;; IS iilti'iliiiialili' III iiiihiwliil hiiiiliii'.: :ii riehriiej'" Sr / fill (' A. a lesiill III >nlll I'li-ei v.illi.n till ll d >nii ...ilepi >l hell. I 111' llli'il I'l 111 U'' II \iline- Vessi I" iill'l life in Itelirill'.''i4 Sea tliun llial imw iido|iteil ' .1. N'nt unless lllev liiriiiHlied nil iii"||-or-v.'iir (,> So no In |i'.!in| till. ...eii I !ii-,ely ? -.1, I tliiiik -I' 1 dii iiiil lliii.K ilie MeaNsiallii linn li llirmnjli miy 'rleat di"l llire dlirin.; the sillnnier »eii-mi, allhnii-h \i'iy lale ill ihe mil' r the »liliil|er se.iU nITive The leniales, niter '.'ivilly liiith In their mhiiil', Healter out in llelirili'j.s S'li for fund We Know Ihev lea\e ihe isjanil.i l> illln Ihr v>ali r. Iiirlllse tliev me emiiiii'.' .ilid niilli'j. Till I'kle llii'ir yoiinn the satin' as iiiost uiiiiniil ('. I.liwlis< hlllitil-i kill eVeiylliiliH 'li''.* I""'. ' lielleVe. felllall.^ or lint ' .( \ es. Sll (' \\ hen a liniale is iniisinn her Miuiiy and y risn lis 111' ml fur fniid and < killed m wmiiidiil, that di.illi "I her Miiiny .f. Vi As 111 111* llnl ;;ii I lit I the water, It cloe-i llnl (In iinytliinn I'm .'innie ijiik-, mid li'iiiinl .«wiin mid has tn he laU}jht C. Tlr I Meats ill linlii iijimi Ihnse islailU' .1. Yri. .S|l : tlieV enllie there Im llial |illl|iiisi They r oii|i> Ihele ( \|ii-. S4lv In hleoil. iMiall-e il lhe\ illn|i|K'il their \nilll'.t in the water ill" |iil|i wnil Hif'V' ll (,' l>'iynii lllillk the \ali|i' of llie s",i|s iiiililles the (inlieN that lli<' I inM riiiii'lil jui-'lii's Im lln I '"vrv.iHoii and I'l'itei'limi .1 \'eM, Sir ; I dn. V And iitnler n rigidly eiiforeei) sysieui iiiiilctiiiy -''m1 life in tin' '.tn'i'i-s nl diesi- *>>m dn y Id 13.'l tliiiik t!u' lii'Vil idiiM lie iiiiiti'iiiilly incn-itsed ? — A. 1 tliiiik il woulil. I think iIi-m' ir, rm iloiilit Imt what it Wniilcl. Edward Sliiidds, of \ aiicoiivci' Island, a sailur chieHy I'eniaies. .\lr. II. A. (ili(hleii, Treasury Ai,'eiit, recalled, testified as follows : — '/ l'"i"iii till- niniiliii- III' nkiiis li.kcii vmi i-stinialiii liir iiuiiilicr killcii f — A. Tlml sia*iii I know till IV wore tliiily-fivc vessels in tin' s.'U, ami wr (ii|.liliv 1 lil'lci-ii Mssrls. Tlir ciitrlii'S nl tin- vi'sscl.s ■vi ir piililisliiMl in till' |PM|iri'-; wlii'ii tliry arrivnl linnn', ami avt!la;,'ril IVmn I.IMIO In i;,.-.!!!! skins imiIi. ','. ^'lMl i-liiiiali'. lliin. Iliat iliiiiii'.; tin: srasmi tn.iMhi skins wrii' takiMi ' In killiiii; llniii in tin' .i|"ii SI a tin-y ilu iiul ii'inM r cvi'iv simI iIh'V kill ' -.(. Xu, Sir; I ilii nut lliink tiny il'i, In larl, I kii"U lliry ilii III p|, Jill lj;in;; riiiin tlie aniiaml ol' slml ami I.miI laki'ii rniiii the seals that an. al'lirwaiils killi'il nil Si. I'aiil anil St. ( linii.'!' fslaiiils. (,' S" that till' ili'slnu'liiiii III' ihc siiils in ihi' npi'ii sfa wmilil lu' innili in cxrrss of \\m- niiliihir !;ikin, |iiiilialily ' .(. I liavi? im viiy airuialc iiirniniatinii mi whirli tn base an ojiiiiiuii. lull I shmilil |iiil','i' that lliry jiisi liiiin 40 to lin per ri'iil. nl tlii'iii. 1 saw a ■;nnil many simt I'lnni tin' hnuts 1- I was ajipinai hiii'_', ami lliink tiny Inst twn nr linn- nut nl' li\i' or si.v liial I saw llii'iii shnni at. ','. Fiiiiii Vniii' nlisiTvalimis liavi- ynii any iv' nmiiiiinlalinMs nr siij;'.;(stiniis tn nllir. tin; ailnplimi nf «lu. h \M'uli| Irail tn the lii'tt'T piiv-ri valinii nf .sral life in tlii'si- waters than is imw pin\iileil hy law ! — .1. 'I'liele is a ilid'eielne nf npininll lis tn the enlist riletinll nf the law. I lirilll\ helieve lliat tllU llnMilin.enI shmilil either pmtiil llic islamls iilnl walei in the eastern half nf |'.i!hiiiii;s Sia nr ihrnw !i|i ihiir inleiesl (Inie. If the r.eliriii;.;'s Sea is tn lie n '.^anleil as npeii fnr VessL-ls to yn ill ami ealitiiro lis III (lie water, thev wnllM lie eMenililiati'il ill a shnlt llllle. SV.Mirsls 'if l.'eply In Ml- lllaille's l/'ttel In Sir .1. faiimefnle nf Maleli I, I.S'.MI, Pi Ml lilaiiie's lefeieme In iiiilis,'iiiiiiiiatT I'la" iii e nf Imnler^ ... ... ... ... ... ,.. ... |:I7 Slateiiielil III ImU filinr tn ainl III lillie lease nf islailih In Alaska t niiiniereial <■ |iaiiy fl.STii) h'ssi-es iHMiiiitieil til liiki' 10(1,11110 a-yuar ... ... LIT Slaiiyliler iimler l.'iissi.iti iiil" ... ... ... ... ... ... 4.'t7 T.ilile shnwiii : rati'h, I.SIT-l'iO ... ... ... ... .. W rmliiiiini-heil rnMilillnii nf isfuiils, ISi'l-^, thniiKli (i.llllll.OllO tukell IStl-7ll ... .|;I8 .Ml.llllll se.lls kill i| nil Ihe |s|am| nf St. Cenl-.'i' ill \Xl'f uHi' Vl'lir iif over — iiulivcs 111 kill pups Ini' tnnil ... ' ... ... ... ... ... 4:18 llpininll nf ( 'nlnlilllleil nf Ilnase nf Itelih'siilital i Vds (lull M',\U li'illlirn prnlf'tinU ihiriiiu iiiivialinii, ami I'nr 'lO miles Huiilli-eusl nf rniiki-ries wlitli' searehiii;; Inr fiHiil, wliii'h ililfer.i Illllli .Ml. lllaille's |iriipiisiitiiii ... ... ... 4<'IH Mr (IliiMen's li-.tinmny - nier.'ly his npiiiiniis, anl hiseil nii piaeliial kiinwli i|'. tlic si'al — rclrrs to svaiil dl' |iriiic(tiiiii oii islaiuls anil ilaii;.'('r nt' i^ials ImIii^ taken win ii ]ia>sini; Ahiulian Uliimls — im-ri'asi'il il('|irt'ilaliiins ii|ii>m tin; innkciir.-- I'di- last tliift' ur fmir yrars. Mr. .Milnlyii', (Invrinniiiil AiiiiiL, «rtir\varils a Sii|ii'rintrnili'nl fur lln' ( 'iini|iaiiy... Thinks nni'-littli imly ul .seals slml an.' recnvt'reil — I'nnnil seals with slml - alUilmles ilelieieniy nf seals in IHKS to the fart llial eiiws were killcil - alteuipts to reilllee estimate, as to niiniher. oC I'illiott ami hall liy oMe-haH' - lar^'e (leiica.se ill I S.S7 Sfj deerease sinee lSSJ,es|ieeially siiiee l.SSI - eiilisiilerahle |ieii enla;,'e of killeil niaile ii|i ot niales^-lll.lHMl skins in ISSC) :ini| IS.ST taken in l!ehiiii;,'"s Sea tilis merely a surmise Sil nr '.•(I jier cent, of ealili females - |iiisitive testimony of this witness on matters .■:' o|iinioii or lieaisay - his Nliitiiiient that islaiuls iinniolesleil lioni IS7" to l,s.S."i ini'orri'et, a"> well as statement as In ilecna.ie from I SSI' anil 1SS4. Mr. Klliott's lesiimoiiy .. Iicporl re;,'anlin^; him hy Mr. Morii.- in IST'.l Mr. I'.lliott's eviilenee lieroio ('oii^'iessional Committee i^oes further than his |previiiiis \\rilin;_'s -Ins slalelneiit re;jal'ilill}{ loss of wouiuleil .seals eoiilrailieleil. Mr. Tiiij^le's testimony ... On i.slanils, ISSo to l.SSri^sli;;ht iliiiiinulion inolialily caliiilation of eateh from entiy in loi; of " .\n^'<'l Itolly " e.Ntraoniiiiaiy lo:,' ami e.\traoiiliiiaiy crewdf " Aii;^el liolly "Mr. 'I'iiij^le riinlrailiet;^ Mr. .Melntyie- iiicieasu sinee Afr. I'.lliott's .'oniil, lS7('i, L'.loT.iMiii irilieism of .Mr. Klliott's statement ir ileeiva.se, ami points mit that Mr. I-'.llioll uas not on the islaiuls lor loiiiteeii years. Mr. W. (iavitt's tesliiiiony Un St. (o'oi;,'!' Islanil, I8S7 SS hail ehaiacler of em;>loyi's of ('oni|iany no means of .V^ents knowim.; of niilawfiil killiiij; m aj;ent e; n say when .seals ale ea|iliileil olV iho islaiuls les.^ees laiy ^eals kiileil at I )nnalaska A^'ents ilrawiii);; two snlaries, one fioni (lovernmenl am! one from the ('om|iany. Mr. Moiilton'sUstiinony. 1877 S.'i lllilea.se ill IMiniliel se.ils to I SSJ ilerlease lo I SS."i o|iiliion ami eviilenee as to eateh of lllolhurs. Kilwalil .'shielils, sailor, as lo eati h of llSli seals, ehielly h'lnales eiisloiu of hiinleis lo elas^ all skills of »eals iimler those of malllle seals as females Mr. (lliihleli. leialleil, liaseil his estimate of lll.lMMI eali'li fmm iiews|ia|iers llle\|ierielH'e of witne-ses No eios- evaminatioii of witnesses Tilt' oiiiiiioiis o| witnesses Their o|iiniiins ale siilistantiallv that I'einales iiiii'sin<' <'i> out fur fooil ay I'liHii islaiuls ale shot- oreater part of eateh in llehrin;.''s Sea iiiuile 11)1 of females- many of the seals shot nri' losl. Iit.sue joiiicil on llie.se hv Canailian (lovernmenl. .Sea|-> can he jiroteeteil ami iiiereasi'd in niiniiier hy (I |>io|ier |>a!rol of islaiuls; I'J) killiiii.' of pii|» pi hihili .'I) reiliietioii of pups ti ille lanils : (I limit of nioiilhs for killiie,'; (.'.1 pieveiilion of killin;,' hy .Aleiils at the .\leutiaii l-lamU Dilli'leliee helweeii ijonse of Ijipiesenlal ive-' ( 'oinlnillee ami .Ml. I'.laine as lo when injury licyiin to islands jssii or |.s,s."i iiii|Hii'lant to show how iiisiouiijeant eateh of Caiiadiiin sealers lompaivil with depredation- suiiesstiillv .Miivived hy islands Ilepiedalions on islands and iiileh outside islands — I.S7II l«7'J IH7-4 IHT.". lS7ti ISTT . IS7S issii ... ... ... ... ... . . l.^SI IHS- IHS.'l IKS-1 IS.S.'i IHNIi Nnlie III' the di'|i|i'ilatiiiiiH Were i ommilted iiy Canailian sealei> Mr, lllaiiie leli IS to Jni'iease and pioliialile piii-iiil of imlilsliy down In |HH(! "leseiil valili' and eonditioii of Islands hetli I than ever 4:!'.i 4:'.'.l MO 440 441 11:: 41'-' 44'.' 4I'J 44J 4ti; 4J:; jiiipaiali Tel -I for lease of ivlands, |M7ll I'll 1 1;; li:i 4t:i ■\r.\ 44.'! 4»a 44:! 44:1 14;! 44:1 44:1 444 444 444 444 444 444 444 44:. 44.'. 44:. 44a 435 I'rtgu. KnormouH iviitiil iiml jirolits ivcuivcd by United .States I'roiii tlic isliimls ... ... 14.") Kcci'ipt.s mill i'X))fii.se.s — '.)/i2r>,'2H'.l (liilliir.s rcceivi'd liy ilio I'liitcd Slnli's in rxcrss 1)1' |)iin'liiLse |)iin' 1)1' .Mii.skii... ... ... ... ... ... 44') Miirs'cUniis iiicicaso 1)1' .seal'* in spilu of ili'|)r(!iiiiliuii.s ivl'i rinl in ... ... .M5 ISC)'.), I,7J8,(Mi(i— 1S74, 4,7110,(111(1— 1,SS4, iinTi'asiii;;- l.S.S."). mm iliaii^T : cdiiiiI- Ifss iiiiiid)i'|-s --I,SS7, still on till' iiicrrasi' — jS.SH, im rlian;.;i.. U'itli Intal of 4,7l)(»,()ll(l ill 1H74, l.iiMili'iiaiil. .\Ia\iiaid of npiiiiDii llL'.iMlii voiiii;^ mall' si'ttls ran 1)1' safely killrd aniiiially ... ... ,., ... 44t) li'ifrreiiic In .Mnyiianl's and iSiyanl's i;e])i)rl, as to lial)ils of seals mipjiDi'l.s Canadian icilllellliull ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 440 Canadian ( iiiverniiieiit iDiitcnd.s few feiiiiiles in calf ever taken in sea ... ... 44ti Man: females in a herd lliiin nialc^s ... ... ... ... ... 440 (.'auadiaii iniiteiition siipiMnted liy fullowiiii.; faet.s: (1) seals nii rookeries still iliereasiiiL! ; ('J) old Imlls -^n into water at end of nilliii;.' season and do not return to islands — Clark on males dlivillj; olheis oil'; ('.',) Iwo-lliiids of males not iieiinilled lo land at rookerie.s — :asioiial visits to land -yearliie^s arrive middle .Inly - non-l)iieiliii;,' male seals eipial lirei'din;,' seals ( l,.")(lil,0(Mi) — liaelielois nn| 1.1114 nij shore females do not I I until yuiiii^' ;.'o into water ... 44ti I'.iilk of seals eoiilined to island until iee siirroniiils islands ... ... ... 447 N'ever eal until depattnie (see Mr. .Melntyre's I.'epnit, p. I4S).. . ... ... 417 Hulls pit v.nl niothei> taking' lo water ... ... ... ... ... H7 Uoiikeries fnll lo .Inly I.'."), and remain ill limits ... ... ... ... 447 N'o seals silk or dyiiii,' I'll idands ... ... ... ... ... ... 147 Canadian lonii.iiiion snppoiled hy l!e]iiirt mi Inti'rnational fisheries Kxliihition ('lj)Milon. I.s.S:')) Xatiiie has imposed a limit Id their desiniition ... ... 117 .Mr. J'.llii'tt, in IS74, avMies willi the aliove eonteiiUoii - Ihe ii|iiilil)riuni of life re;illlaleil... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 447 Seals ','el their lish in North I'aeilii' ... ... ... ... ... 147 Mr. .Melntyiv'4 |;,.p,,ii as lo hahils of seals, 1809 ... ... ... ... 44.S Seals lake no food until their ile])artiiie from islands in Novemher ... ... 448 The duty of (lovernmenl lo patrol islands -Mr. 'riii^jle in l.S.SO asks for eiitters to patiiil islands Mr. Morgan reiomineiids luiiiiclies — iMr. Wimlmnii alludes to iiiadeipiaey of piuterl ion to islands ... ... ... ... ... 14.S .Ml. Williams point.s ont insiitliiji ney of proteetion to islands ... ... ... 44H .Mr. Taylor says, in l.'^.^l, the didieulty arises from the want of hettcr pvotet'tiou — .Mr. Clidileii a^jrees ... ... ... ... ... ... US .Mr. Himlwell, Se.retary of the Treasury, in 1X70, eonceiveil the duty of the (Joverii- meiit was to ellieiently ..'iiard ■' in and ari'und the islands " ... ... 44S The inleresl.s on hehalf of a monopoly eaiise iliveieenl views respeitiiifj; the prod'ilioll of seals ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 44!) Mr. Iliyaiil shows the \aliii' of the lea.se in eoiiferrinij a monopoly —Mr. Moore illustrates this ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 44^ When the Company took hss than llMI.ODO souls it did so Ikjchu.sc llu' market did not demaiiil iliem ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 14'.* Mr. Ml Iiityre shows that .SKD.OIIK weni oiieo thrown itilo the .sea as wi)rtlik'.s.s ivheii the market was j.;luttid ... ... ... ... ... ... 450 Killer-whales and sharks the enemies of .seals ... ... ... ... 4ri() .Man's assaults at sea small in roiiiparison to the natural enemies of the seal ... 4.'>t) Caniidiau system of hnntiii',' ... ... ... ... ... ... 4,'50 Mr. Klliolt shows that If temporary diminiilion does oiein on the Ishinds of St. I'anl and St. (Ieiir;,'e. the missiii},' moiiIs are prohahly 'in the Itussiaii islamis .,. .,. ... ... ... ... ... ... 4")(t }fr. Tupprr to Sir ./. Pnunrefolc De.'ir Nil- .liiiiiiii, The Ailiinjloii, ilnsliim/toii, March H, \H\)(). I iiavi- tlic liDiiour to IhcIdsi' lici'i'willi ;i .McimtniiKlmn iii-cpin'ril liy me in reply to till' Mcmorandiiiii .si-nl to yon l)y .Mr. |{|iiiii»\ mid wliii-li you iininlt'd (o iiii- ii|Min llie ;jn| iiisl;iiif. I send you .1 copy lor yoiii-sclf, one for ^[r. Blniiic, and one for M. dc Striivc, tin* llussjaii .\iiil);issail(>r. I .ilso have tlic honour to forwnrd lunvwith a vtiliiahlc paper upon tho siiltjcct, piipaicd hiinicdlv Itv the .\ssi>.tnnt Director of tlie (ii'oioyfical Stirvoy of Ciniadn, nt!i wrrc fniiiit) in ){ri'iit irjiiilHTn on VArlniu i? Sotitli I'm-ifir Ori-aii, IniC ;ifli>r u (-oinpantivrW fchort prriixt iil' iii(li>t-riiiiiiiHti' yliiiitfliter llic rookrrli'H wrre dciicrtci) thv ntiiiital-' tiaijn); lif>-ii killril or ilriv. n IV.oit their hiiiints." W'liilf it i.s ailiiiittrd ihiil iiiilJHc iiiiiiiiiitc sliniyliti'is ii]i(m llic ri.i.knifs ;iri' iikisI iiijurioiis to tlii> iiiaiMti'iiaiii'i' iif simI life, it is ilt'iiii'il llmt in lln' liistniy of lln' fMi--(':il imliistrv iiiiv instaiirc can lie foiiiiil wiuii' 11 lonkiiy lias cviT lui'ii ilrslioyi'cl, il, or I'VfU iiijiiiiMl liv till' iiiliiii;.,' of seals at sen only. Mr. Klliolt. wlio is (pioiiil liy .Mr. lilaiiii', ailiiiil-i lliat llio rooUcrir- in the .Suitli I'licitii; witlistiKul atlai ks of the most cMcnsivi' aliil ili'stniitivi' i lianictcr for twinly years, wIhm yoiiii',' anil old nialis anil feiiiales were iniliscriiiiinati'ly kiKiikeil on llie lnml iiimn their lir liiiL'-j,'roiiiiils ; ami .Mr < lurk (II. I! Hiiiorl \o. .".SS:;, .'iltli Confess, L'liil .Se^^sinii, p. Ill) tells lis tliat ill jS-.'O lliirty vessels oil till' i>;|aiii|s (.'sniilli .'>liell:iniU) took in a lew weeks 'J."'''.'!!!!' skins, wlile tliolisaiiils wele killeil anil lo>t. Ill ISJl ;iii(l j.SJL', :;i;il,lliMl ..^kins were taken, .iliil 1 . "ill. (Hill yoiili;; seal.- ilestioyiil. Noi I these islaniN, however, Well' ever fieiiueiiteil liy the iiiillions wliiili have lieeii fmiiiil on the I'riliylov ;.'ioii|> for over twenty years. " 'l'li"jie iftlmidi t-oiiitiluh- tin- ttio^t viilutililr roolti-ry or lirci'iiiliK-pluo' •'! tlti-M! nniiUdU ivir known to iiihii." (II. It. |{>'|iort .')H8.1, &mli t'im|ri'ifl, p|>. Ml, It.', lion. ('. .\. Willi^inu' ivritlcn «tiil ril.) I'lofessor Klliolt liii his eviileine, |i. Ml') iiieiiiioiis one |ier.soii who. when with him 111 the islaiiii.'^, estiliiiileil the iiiinil>er at ID.iiilD.lilMI. 'I'lii' l;e|niil ol the ( 'oiiu'l'i'ssioiial < oiiiiiiillee oil the Alaska seal fisheries >tates that iliilisiriliiili;ito -laiiLihler in ll ally paii ■•! the iiineteenlh reiitiiry eaii.-eil a ile'-eitioii of tin- lookeiies, ami it ^'""'■'"11 to say that in ISL'n ami l.'^Jl, Iliin.liOli \ ere taken in an iinli-eriiiiinate fa-liinii ut the Soiitli Shell.iinl.i, anil, at the eml of the set'oinl year, the speeies hml l here hei ll alnio-t e\tei niiiialeil. The llonoillaMe ('. A. William-^, whose eviilelice is I'iteil ailil lelieil n| it|i liy .Mi. I'llailie, sil]i|iiirts tlli> view (>ee |i. Ill, II. li. li'e|iort No. il.S.S,!, olUli ('onefess) ; liilt, as a liiattir of fact, while >eals air adliiilteilly not mi ]ilenlifiil in Smitli .Sheilainls as heri'tofoie. owiii- to wholesale destnietioii mi llir Iiieei|iie_'-j.;iiiiimU. su pmlilie are they that, in I.STl.', .S.iMIH skins of "the elmieesl and lieliesl i|ualit\ Were olitailled flolii these islands. In till' -lext sea.snii l.'i.tMMI skills were taken there, and in l'">"4. lO.iMiii skill-, ami 111. Ill l.sTii to l.s.-^tiihe .-e.diiiu Ihil hroiii,dit hmiie '."J.T'iti fiiiseal .-.kins from the .Si.iitli .•shetlands, iiid the \iiiiiity of C.ipe Horn and Tien a del Kiieoo." (.\. Howard t'laik. p. ■MIL', ( 'iiiiiiiii"inii of ri-lieiie-, Ki-hery Industries rnited Slates, seitioii ,"i, vol. ii, 1.SS7.) In this rej4ard. it iiiav here l»' noted thai this extliUl refers only 111 the eatili of sealers whi.li lilted mil iil .New Luml'iii. I 'oliliei liiill, and does not einliriice the opeialions of sealers fioiii other eoiilitries. Mr. Claik liesirilies the manner in whirji the seals at Mas-ii-Kiii ra were altaekcd. At p. 4ii7 ol llio article aliove cited lie jmiiits out that lulweeii the years IT'.'.'i and ISt'T. ."..."illH.llOll .seals «iri' nl'taiiied lioiii this i-lami liy Kiiulisli ami .\meiican vessels, and in IS'Jl tlie island was ■■ nlmost aliandolied liy these aliinials." .Mr. t'laik also shows that lll IT'.'T there were only JllilO.tM'.II on tln' islands, and yet in seven years more than ."i,ii(Mi,iiiiii were carried fioiii the i- kinds to Cinton, Cliiiia. Mention i- iiiadi', too, of fonrteen ships' i.ews on the island at one lime killiiiu seals. At p -MiS nil iitioii is made of from twelve tin. r. A. \\ilti;ini*, ulri'.iily i|iiiili'it1, ItJd.ailO per iinnuni nili{lit liavi* lurn ohuiiii'il uikI iIu^ rookiTim prrnrr%i-tl if t-iki'ii uiiilvr prii|>«r ri'olrii ttoii« ; tint, in llii' i-(ti;i'rnr«'* ot nun, oli) mnl yotinir inali' itml li'iiiiilc >r.il hit.' miHiiIi iiml lilllr pup" ;i lew tlnyii olrn>-il of 111! ir niolliiT", tlii'il by lliousmnlK on ilir Ijeiii-lii'M " — [it nuy lii'ri' lie ob»rrti-il tliitl not a rum' ol ilnul pn)"« wim ttrr ruiinil on the I'ribyluv ifruup, i>o liir ii^ tin- Hi port-* 'Oi tin' iilnndi tlnm]— " t*«rc«h'l ■Uil boni'« tlri-wril on llii' tliori'*." This slaleniellt. cited ill tile C'liteil Stati'M* I 'use, i.s dllecl iillllim ily ior I he ( 'anailillll colltt'lllioil. ll illustrates three inipollalll points :-•- 1. That iiiuisciimiiiate slau^diter mi the liii'eiliii'.^-L,'riinnds i- iniurioiis and in time destructive. \1. That when the imitlier- iili! killed, the yoiiiij,' pups, dyili'.- ill conseiplelii e, are toiiiiil oii llir i.slaiid. '.\. That lte;{lllatio||H of the nillillier lo he killed oil the isl.iiid. with cal'eflll .sU|icrvi.s!iill, will iiiiiiiitaiii the rookeries indepciidciilly of pioliiliitiii^ sealing in the walers. The liepml of the llmiseol liepn selilative.H stutes ; — " Till' only r\i»linu rookn-ii'ii it'r tliu»e in Alimka, iinollior in llir Ku^iimi purl of Ili'liriHit'ii Sr.i, iilt Hr^t iHii|iri.4i> pHlj)l'>v l>Un,llli(l; Sciil I-IiikIk, Olliul-li !<<•>>. I.ll»») ; ">'»!. U'J.IMKI. •''{%■ M'l >l Kr<>ii|), thi> -iM liciir llh' roint of \'i('trii jiikI tin- Suutli p.ilir s :i, III.IIIIO ; i., .'iilli ('riii;.iirss, L'lul Si'ssiiiii, \i. lit) that Irinii lliu ' "/<> (;/' (i'ikhI J/ii/h Islamls, uihIit pmliM liun ul' tlin Ciljc (liiMTimifiil, a vt'aily sii|iply nf .'i.OiHi i.(p S.iiiM) skins is ilfiivnl, ami that iVoin .lapaii, it was ,-tali'cl, siinii'tiiiics 1 "1,000 ami suiiictiiiRS ."i.OliK a-ycar aiv ivitivcil. 'I'Ihjsi' islamls ale nuw ii;.'iil!y |,|;,!ci Iiil liy lln- (inVciMiiiciits 111' till' I iiiiiitrii's li) wliicli ihry liilmij,'; bill initlar din's tlic t inVfiiimiMt j| ihi' Capi', iplMapaii, imi' ul' I'liimiay, in tlic ca.sc ol' the Lulms Isliiml.'S, coilsiiliT il Mccosaiy lo I'linaml :lii' ii'sirirlion nl ilic imisiiil of seals in ilii' opiMi .swi. rniti' I .Stall's' vi'ssi'ls liavr visilnl llic islands oil' liii'. (.'a[ii! of (iimd jliipi' limn I.SOil In is:;."., and i.;ivi' lakrii iiri siinu' ilays ."lOO tu Too skins, scrnrinu' .srvmil tlmnsamls nl' skins iinnnallv. In l^-'Jo I ;i|i|jin (Inidiiii !,. Allyn. ul'llalu's Fi-ny, Cnnni'iliriit. niriili.ins liiuliiii,' 1,000 laivasi'S ul' seals at, <<\\s I till' islands, till! .skins of wliirli liad ln'i'ii lakrii. Ill' l.iiiiii'd and lunk seals in lunsidi'ialdi' nundiers. II.' WMS a'.;ain on a si'alili;.^ Viiyani' on this euasl in l!<'.U, and shot seals on the inokeiie.^. In ISJ.S a jilavne visited these muki'lies, and .'.lai.OOO seals peiished dining' llie pl.e^ne (( 'lalk in ;li.' Ilepuit of the riiited .States' ( oniiiiission of Fish and I'ishevies, |.S.><7, sei'iion .'i, \o|. ii, pp. 415, i]i\i. and yet to-day we liml a renewal of the industry hy Ue^'ulatmns applied .\nl,li/ lo the |■ll.lke^il'.^, ,illil i.irhi.iiiv of the deep-sea operations. rjioii p. 7 of the AppiMidis now iimler review, the IJepml of the ('on;,'iessiiinai < 'ohiiiiill^.' oii .Vhi-kii seal lisheiie.i refers to testimony of rniled Slates' (Joveiiinient .V'jeiils le^aidin-,' the nuniher .1! Mills siiol and not seeuivd, and a laleillation is releind lo, to the iH'eet tlial one in eveiy seven is ilnlli' si'iuied hy ;lie lnillter who follows seals nil till! .sua. The i'.\pC'lii'nei! of Canadian llillllers is iinitlv opposed to this theory, and shows that 11 los.s of II per eeiit. is all thai evei takes plaee, while liiiiiiiM llillllers seldom lose one. Solemn deelaiatioiis to this iU'ect have lui n in ide iindei'the I aiiadiali ."^latule relaliiii; to extra-jndiiial oaths. In loiiliiinatiiiii ol this, rei'erenee may Iki had to .Mr. II. W. Fllioii. m llie I'liiled Slate-' I'ish I'liininissiniier's Itepnit, vnl. ii, seelioii ."1, p. dfi'.t, where he says: — "Till- Ali'Util lirr a' thi! otter at 1,000 yitrdu rangr*, anil thnl, Hlieii hit in the lifiil, nine tiiu.-s ■ iil of t.'ii th.' ^li.il i^ l.-.t:il.'' In the ease of hiinlili;,' tiie seals, the piaetiee of the while hiinleis, all expert shots, is lo paddli! up tithe seal while asleep in the water, shoot 11 in tiie iiead, and at oiiee haul it into the Imal ; while tlit! hi'li.iiis approaili it in a eanoe anil spear lite seal, the liea'l of liie spear separalin^ ilsell' and lieinji itluiieil to a I'opi! liy wliieh the seal is dr.i^'.^ed into ihe 1 aiioe. Kefereliee is Iliude on Ji. 4 of the .Vppendi.X to .Mr. I'.laine's letter In the liniilatiolis in ihe lease of lS7o These conditions, il is eonlended. are lllosi iiiioiisistenl wilii the present view of liie rniled v.iiti's iV),'ardinL,' the daie^er lo the pre>ei\alion of seal life. Willi respeet lo lliis liie foilnwiiej faets •liiillld lie ealeflllly Holed ; — 1, rp to ISiiJ no Law ill liiissia existed piohihiliiiL; or forhiddin;,' the killin.:,' of seals, and in ll.at ...iraii inopi'iali\e Law was proiiiiilL.'ali'd. Si'e |!ii.ssian Meiiiorandiiiii. .M. de Slaal tu l.or.l S.disliiiry, :.'.||i .Inly, l.'^SS.) .Mr. .Ml Intyre, a Speeial .Vgenl ul the Tieiisnr\ I iipailnient ill. U. Kx. Ii.ie. No. .'li'i, 4Nl ( 'un;.'ri's.s, Jinl .S's.sioii, p. I.S), leenrds the e.iteh taken from the I'liliylnv iNlands under llie l.'iissiaM-.Vineriian ''iiiiip.iny, u.s fnllow.s ; — Tmii.k sliowiiii,' the Nnmlier of Fur-seals taken by the jiiissians on Si. Paul and Si. (Inirje Islmiils from 1.SI7 tu l->iio. Ymt. N'a:t,!'ir uf i-i: lulu 181'J IS2II i»ai Uli HH i*n i«j.-i \m '■»ii \nl\i I HO IMI \»\' tm \m iu;i is.ii; I Mr \nn ii.i'.i I'lll.lHH .'>'j,H:iii .'i.'.'j-.'.-i .■lO.J'iO II.VO.'i .'Hi, ii;9 ■."J,K7.1 ■i'i.40l| .'10 too ■i3M» 111.7011 'JO.Hll in,ii:ii li'i,ii:u ir..iiii ii'i.ii.' li.7.M l■..^«o i'i.S'.lil li,H02 li,IIOO" li.lllill* Year. NiiuiIht uf S.mN. IHIO IXil IHI2 IMI.1 INI4 iHllt IHIIi IH47 ISIH IHIK IH.MI IH.'il IH.'i'i lH.i.l IHM \»Ui IH.'ili 1H.S7 IH.'iH IH.VJ IHl'ill Tiilal in II ).' H.OIIO* s.iioo* iu,;i70 11,'ilO 11,'.!.' I I.'i.i'.:i7 i.'),ii"i) 17,703 M.ii.'iO '.'i,rio ii,77n U.-'iiit i>.7i:> IH,II.'I5 ■jn.no s,.•l!<.^ U'S^-i.'iO 'J I, OH 2 :ii.Hio 'Ji.OOO '.j|,:>uu ri'p.'i.ris; • .\|i)iriiiiniatiTu. 43S lii^frniiij,' In lliis 'I'lililf, ^Ir. Mrliilyiv says: — " Till' iiiiinl><'r of srals iin St. Paul {•lanil i» vnrUiU'l; fstiiiiaU'il nt fniin 3.000.00(1 to 1.00 1. 0011, in luiliii; nil < Ii<.iii-A{ni>rii-an l'om|ianT, apprmli-d to tlii'i R*';iort. fxliilolH the iiiiiiilH*r nl ncaU takfii trcmi cull i>laiiil I'nuii hi; to 1,m:17. au.l from ISfJ to lil'iil. lV\ioui|y to H17, *iys thi' lat.' lli»lio|i Vrtiiaiiui'ilf. no monU wit.' ki'|it. From the :*. wh.-ti tlipy hail lii'riMiii' iifarly cxttiicl . ami in the nr\t di'raile tiu* wlioir liuiuhi'r si-i-iinii wa-i IJ'.l.WH. Iipiiii: in IS.'iJ loit ti,.'ii;t . Imt Irmii IsfJ. 11 11, 1. T jiiiliri iih iiiatiai:<-ni<-iit, t'l.T.' B|M''"ar> to liav.- hi-rn all tliiTfaw. anil in Isjs, ;n,H10 vViTf tikm, wlii.'h wai tin- Unreal riiiii-Aiiii.'ii(aii Tflfu'ni|ili Kx|K'iijiiiiii, wlm ri'iKiiUil in l.Sl'iS nil uili|ilililii>lli'(l niiuliliiiu nf lite si'ol (i-iliciy. (II. I,'. Kx, I'm'. \n. 177. -Idtli ('iii|i;rcsv, Jllll Sc.-isinll.) .•^ix millinii >i';ils hiiil liciii iiikfii tiuin tliis m';i briwi'i-u ISH ;iiiil 1.S7II. (/'/(/, Itall nil ■' .\hiskii llllil its l.'i'snltlics.' l,S7ll. ]i. J'.lL'.) -. ill I'SiiS Kiilrliiiisnii aiiil .Mni;.':iii. tilt' iirnnintiTs ami Inmnlfis nf till' .\laska Cniimii rrjul ('n|ii|iaiiy, aiiil ald'iwanls li'sscfs nj' Iin- islamls, saw that, iiulrss ii.stricliniis wcit iiii|«isi'il c^/oh Hi, is/ii,iih. ilii'ii' \Miiilil liii ruin tn llii' iiinki'iii's (II. \V. Kllinii. " Oiu' .\nlir I'rnviinf. ' |i]i. J47, I'lMi; riinsi'i|iii'iilly. liy .\il of ('iiiii,'ii'ss ,i]i]iinvi'il till' i;7lli .Inly, l.SilS, tlio killiii<.' nl liir-scals on llif ixlmiih was |iiiililliiii'i| (\V. II. .Miliityii', S|K'rial Au'i'iit. 'rnasury I)f|iailiiiciil, II. I!. Kx. Dm-. .Vn M. ■list < 'iii|._'ii.ss, ijnil .'^I'ssinii, |i. r.'\ N'nlwillistanilini.: tlir .\il tn wliiili ri'lirnuu' has lifiii miiiit ,^)0,iMI(l wi'i',. killi'il nil .St. (Innri;!. ami l.'iO.lMii) mi St. I'aui liv tiailcrs in ISf.S 'I)all, |>. 4'.t(i), KIO.IHIil in IKl'i'.l l\V. II Ml Inlyiv. II. i;. Kx, Dm', Xii, :;i;, -tlst l'iin;,'ii'ss. p. l.".). Ml' Waiilmaii. an .\;,'fiit nl' tlic I'niti'il States' Treasury at the Seal Islamls, in his ' Tri). to -Vlaska," |iiililislii'il I.S.S.4, mi |i, ;i2, says: — *' General tinalaiiitht, thrrateninK eiteriiiiiiniioti. li> .\ni.'rieaii vi'siel* iluriiii; the interrennuin of departure of Kusiian anil in.liiiiils nj' S/. I'mil iiinl SI. Uniri/'." .Sn hall, in his linnk nil Ala.ska (IH711, |i. I'.i'i, in nrerriiii^ tn slaughter hy Iiiissiaiis, lielieviil iliiil lOO.OiMI seals eniihl safely lie kilhil niiniially iinilei l!ej;iilaliiiii-^, ami .Mr. lilaiiie, in his ilisiialili In Sii .liiliiin I'aiinrefnti' nf ihe :.'7th 'laiiiiary, .says:— " In the eour.ie ill a feu y.-arn of intrlliKent and inleri'itiinf i-iperiment the niinilii'r that eoutd he safely aUughtered wan tixtil it 100.000 per iintiuni." .Ml. Iiiiillwell. as will lie seen nn lefereliee In his I;c|miiI, wil.s n)HMi,sed tn u lea-;e, ami rtMiluikeil that it was iieeessaiy in any event tn iiiaintain in mid nrnHiid the islamls an eiihii'jed naval fnire for the |ilntei'liiiii nf the same. This l;e|inrt «as fnllnweil liy the lejiislatinli lllliler wliieil 11 lease whs cxeeuteil in Mav I .S70. 1. Ill ilrawinj,' the terms nf the lease iiml l;e'.,'lihltinlis eiilU'erilJMj; the islaililn tlu! Ullitt'.il Stall's |ii'ntiitteil. ill the then ~tale nf ad'airs, the lessees In take lOO.OIMl seals a-year I'nr twenty Veais. and llu'y \M'ie |ii'iniitleil In make up this niimher finm any male seals nf 1 year nf aj^e or nver. .">. The natives wire allnweil tn ilesliny n|i t|ii! i.sluiuls |illp Seals nf either seX fnr I'uuil, liliml.ilili'. ill Slime years ."i.lllll'. i"i. The liMMKii) I'liiihl lie killeil hy the lessees in tile tmniths nf .lime, .Iiily. Si]iteiiiliii, iiml Oitiiliel. rpiill p. .sl 111 the .Vppemlix 111 Mr. lilailie's nnte the npiliinll nf the Cnllllilittee nf Ilmi'-i' nf I!epreseiihili\('s is yiveii In the elleel that the prnteitinn nf the islands is nut enmi^li, luit that the seal* must he ]iriile('tei| in their annual mii,'iiitiiins to ami I'mni the rnnkeiie-, and I'm .'di miles sniitli-easi nl the rnnkeri s In their l'i'eililiu-;,'liilinils. This is 11 far dilliM'elit pri)]insal Irnlii thai sillmiitliil hy llie Sei letaiy nf State, sinee il lines lint eliiliraee the whnle nf tile I'lehrill^'s Sea, lull Im ales the feiilili;;- yrminds. sn e.illed. within -Ml miles 111 the islands. I'lie i.lhel p.iillt-, mi p. H 111' the .Appendix tn .Mt, Illaim:'^ letter tn Sir .lllliaii raniieefnie id" tile i'lld install', need hardly lie dealt with in diseiissiii;^ the necessity I'nr a elnse .seiismi, refeleliee heillj,' made iheiein tn the snrlin;,' nf Ihe helil fnr killilli.' mi land sn tis imt tn kill the females. Thi-i is adniitteilh wise, sinee the killing; is d.ilie lull .Iinie when the imps art) heiri.,' drop|ieil. The ivst nf |i, H III .Mr lilailie's Meiiinramliim raises th(^ |)iiiiit that 11 .seal is nnl 11 lish. ,Sii mi p, n le^iininiiy i- cited Imn hiiii; the necessity I'nr lint killing females nil the rookeries, when whnle^ale slalcjlitil nf |(lll,(MIO a-Vciii f,'nes nil, ami this is lint licit' ciint inverted. The npillimi nl Ml. • iliilileli, whn-e experience was cniiliiii'd to the luml oyx ;i//ioyi.'i, renaldili^' the prnpnllioll nt seals recovered when shut in i|i'e|i si'U, cannnt he of WtMnllt. It is, tlli'li'fiiie, illinecessary In dwell llpnll till' I'lict that he is a tinvernmeni einplnyi', givinir his views in I'avniir of his ( loveriimeiit's cnnteiili'ii 111 I MS.'^, alter the si'i/iires nl ISH.'i had taken place. This njlicer was mi St (ienr;..;!' Island linin I'lc 'l'>\\\ May tn .\ii^iist ill IHHl mily. His opinion thiit iin "open policy" wmihl not prescrvt' the value 431) ,il ilic x'lil li«Iii'iii;.f. unci tliitl it is nwi-ssaiv tu pniicct tlic sculs in Urliiinc^'s Sfu, uh Wfll iis "ii tin i-lMliii^, !•* i;iit liasrd ll|icm iiiiii li |iti;itii :li lil ' ' JiiiH' ill llii' I'iU'ilic. (I^'c-. \\r riiitiii'r slalril that iiul iinic li liiinliii;^ wivs lliiMciiiraliii' -Mr. Williiiiiis, at ji. 1()7 'it l')\iili'in >• l>ctcii<' liir ('iiiij.'n's.^i()niil < iiiiiiiiilti'c. says: tin- racilir i'>\- iwiiilv vralM ■■'riir.r inilf« lit yi»nil land (til Facifii-l >■■►« do not «-•<• tl.rtii; wImT'- tlifv u'" H" "ir knnw-* rill* liiitisli Ciiliiiiihiiui si-iilcrs anil tlii' rrrnnl nl llnii rati'iics i :(kilis till' slaiulinu nf tlioi- witlirSSfS as rX|iflls. Ml. Tavliir, aiiiiilicr witness, ii~' liliis tsi's tliiil ill l'»liniij;'s siMi ii ■■ seals eat a ;,'ieat many ti>li every twenty I'mir iimu-., and as "llie liave liiciinie Wil' aware nl'tlie tail lliat lliere is a .i!'>'"l many seals im tlie Seal Islmiils, liny keep l.ireiit III sea." Jl< laiiiis alone in tesliiyiii'.,' ,sii |iiisitively In wliat ran, at Im-sI, lie a in illcr tnr rtiire, ami lie lii,)s to slmw he iiad the slijililest nieali.s nt .isrerlainilii,' 'his kliiiwleilj;e. lie I'lllllier li-h ""■I' cili'il that the Inills remain mi the islaiuls all siimmei Tins i s eiintraili teil 1, V writers ami utiier rmtnl States' witiie.ssi-s, lus will U' seen Iniealii It is inline, iviileiit that this ;,'i;iilleiiiaii was test'lviiii; simply In his nwii peculiar ihenries n ^iai- iini,' seal lilr i;|iuii very lillliti eSlieneMie. II e siiVs. Ill (ille |ilai'i-. thai while t le eiiu ■ a le uiit (ami they ^;ii lie tills ns, 1(1 til I'l miles, ami e\eii lurther; the .sealers ealeli theiii le, al aiiuilier plai e. In •lutes : - Till* lien is liliick willi tlli'lit iiroitnis r - lUitudx. wiiprf tl»-\ \\'u\ up ;i itihmI iiiiitiy m-nl, anil tbrrr in trbrrt tht- lil'httf uf r tira ■ —irhni thft/ ijii anh'irr." .•sii thai, evil lent \ , lie mav have scrii iws killeil when tlii'Hiiil tin ixUnult. llie mily phne ,il uliieli ;i|ipaieiilly emilil nliseive ihein. anil he has merely coiijoctnieil the ilistitliee that lliey e,, Imni laiiil llie ill killiii.: ami shunting' nf the enws iiml leavinj; It resliec.liliLr tilt! eiiw.s lieill'' shut i>r iHi less iliill. Mliil llii niimliei aetlia 'v shut in deep water. This witness " thinks there is some dtiiii ■" liiaiiv ymiiij,' witlinui their liinthers." Tin liisl il It was salisfaetmily slmwii that lai'iiP immliers nf yoiuii,' pups were fmiiid dead in the iimkeries. Tile witne.ss, if ahle, wnuld have lertaiiily |ii)iiiteil tn this. The revei-se, Imwever. is llm fail : ami, with I iiu'iiiii. II le e.Mi'ptinii of one witness tme the I nnu'le.ssioiial • iimmitlie, whose evidillie will lie exaillilied nt an .\i,'ent nf the (loveiniiieiit in iter ever staled lliat pups were linind AiwA in any iiiiiiiliers on the islands from loss of mnthers ; (he fai i heinfr that innlheis never f;n far finiii llieir yuiiiiu' until the yonii^' lire well alile to care for themselves. This wiliiess, notwitlislamlin.n his illi|s[iin to siijipdsed damau'u hv the killill'.; of mothers, the killing' of eow.s liy Ve».si!ls in slioli — where is hlaek with tlu'in - had to admit, "the lUimU'i of seal in tl iliilliished." Mis kliowledee is lontined to on sliiii'iiiv that liiii'i after this a "leat iiien-iise ha le aniili lie, IS iMi appareii tlv veiir (I'*l taken |il 111 increase ot millions Mr lavhi ■li'iild he ohserveil, liowi-ver. -'ave other lestimonv llmii that oiinti'd liv Mr. Illaine. lii ■ Tlu'nf im-ilaliiry \i-mi<'I« *r- t;fiH-rslly Ihcn- (in Hi'tirin^'ii Scu^ m tin- »|iiiii,; of tin* year, «lK*n Ilii- rnw* are s'-iiig ( • ill'- i^laml ■• il ; niu-t of till* kiaU Unit ari> kiili>tl liy tli«-n' in.ir.itnlliii; vens. \a ,iri' i-tiws with yimtig." lie estimates the lHlliilier taken ill ISSl at fliilu o.Ollil to .S.IIUII. ' TIh'I" M-sncln will takf fi'iMtiiiii to linttit .-iriiuiiil llii' i<-litnl«, iiinl nlirii tlnri' U a linavy T'lt! t<> gtt on the M'ikcrtps \''ry oftrn." II Iiiel diiiiiaL;e, accordiiiu 111 . Ir. I'avlor, is not the killini' of mothers niit at si i when their iiiiiif.' are nn slime ileiieiiiliiii' uiioii llie return o' f lli> llllhtf:!, as 1 s emiteiided, lull il i- due. lie says. I" liii' insiillirient proteciimi ni the island. This i an, as will he |ioiiiied mit, hr lemedjed if tin ■ii^;;i siiiins of (loM'riinient Aireiils aii' mied u|k)1i in liie line of helter police •jnardiii^' of tin '■ne> .Ml Williams' testimnnv is next n liind II of the AlilnlidlN In .Mr. lllaille's Idler. Thi.s .ilii|i|iiall was eli^ll'^'ed in the whalili;; liiisincss for forty years (p. ~'.\ nf Kvideiice liel'nie I nli'.'icssimia "liiiiillteej. As rei'anis fur-seals, his kimwledue is not Imsed njMin exiieriei I nee, lull ' linm leadiiii' iml linni conxeisatimi with my liiptiiiiis ' (p. 7:!). lie was called hy .\l:iska ('miimclcial ('miipiiiis. of which Mr Williams was a slockliohl lei|iiesl 111 a!lmiic\ Inr ll imiinrlance, il is sn liinitlc nil he .ittaehed to his tcsijmnin reuardiiiL; the lialnls and iialiire "llln III iil'lci' siich a flank coiifcssimi His evidcl d ICC thai lent. lies in pup iiias^ lii;;etliei ill the lielniv hilldill'' mav tllelefme In i^liilsseil, since lie dues liol plod lice ailV milliorilv for a stalemeiil which is ennllailiilcd hv expert li*lMiiiinv. N'eilliiT ill Ills sl.itciin III thai liiinlcis admit thai mil of cii'iil shoi.s l!ic\ wmitd .saM' tl iilllv cnriecl. 'Ill pp. II and I'J III (he .\ppcnili\ Mr. Willi.iiiis naturally ;;ivcs his view for linldi 111,' 111,. nitn '>i| Slid lite ill I'lehrinn's Sea. Il is linl delili d that evi rv lessee I '•ii'.inlv -.villi him in this. Il if the I'riliyhiv ;;ioiip wmdd a-r limy oc lei i.ilkid that he dm's not share the theorv of the I iii'cd Slates 'lilt the cliiel d.ineer lies III killing llic lilnlhi IS when out in the deep .sea lor fnoil, lia\ inn lett their "Hidings oil shore. Al pp. Ill, 1 1, and IJ of ihe .\p| iidi\ .Mi Williams is ipioled In slinw ih.il ihi daii^il In the li'iihilcs lies ill the jmirney thiniii^li the Ale'iliali Islands, wiili Miiini,', tn the hi lil u-.!iniimls. On |i- 'HI of his KNidellce liclme I he (' "mkiiie.s liy sliitllii' : — ittee. he illiisli.iles the ineU'eclive means nl |iiolci till;; ll ' I lel Ml I nnrr Inmti tl nt nnr of Ihr rnokfrt'-* finl klll<-J iwti'iiiren cows ninl hull* riiflit on thf hriiilint; ro'iki'rir*.' I'U) A^rain, iit p. HiC, Uv soys : " Tlint Ihi- pri'st'i.t iiiriiHitrrs tin* «nnii-nltiit iiiii the croiniiU (irul tli«-ii M orili-rril north fl Vil niethiHl of |in>ti-fli'i iititl they tire (((iiif )iri-tTy i ..'h Ih iih' lime iif the M'ahtl^ iumvoii, uml tUrre npiieuil tl c-iti iiplnnaih wilhiii h'M th.iii h.itf it iiiih' ur u i{ii[trtfr of ii iiill'> of t.^p illanil mill imt hr ximi i h-itchr^ untl ((rt ofT fifty or n hiiiiilretl i*k»t% hrfon> ttir inhahit-tiit^ ran (inil it nut." K\ iil'Ullv Mr. \\illi;iiii-i iliH's iKit I'liiniilcr tin- .slinnliii'.' iit' tciiiiih's Cur rruiii luinl is iiiiicti iinlu in, lis llf ill^i--l-i ihiil llif il.ilii;i:4i' is iluni' inslniif. wlii'ic nil li'illn iliMliiiii is 1 -nil II Tlir lii-'torv nl' liir iiiuki-rics j^ivcn mi pp. I'J, l.'l, anil 11 of liir Alipi'iiilix li;is lici-n ilfull wiih iihcuily ill lliis pupil. (In pp. 11 mill l."i 111' the Appcmli.v iiii urtirli mi liir--.i':ils, I'mm •• l.iiinl uml Wati'i," writlni in 1.S77 li.v 11 .Mr. i.i'i'. is ri-ffrn>(l to. illuilivs III ijif inilisiriiiiiiMilr sliiii;.,'liii'r whiiii was |iiailisri| mi tlni innkciics, wiiiili im III (iiic ilf!'fiiiU m jiislilii' .Mr. .Ml liiiyri', Siipiiiiiifiniint nf (hi! sial tislifrii's nf .Vlaska fur tin' ii'sscfs, is tlifii iirniiijiit t'lirwani liv .Mi. rilaini'. 'I'liis •_'iiii!iMiiaii wi'iil In the islaiul as a ( lnviintiii'iil .\i,'i'iit In insjicil tlic np.ialinns (if llir ('niii- pany. His liipiii- wfii' favniiralili' to anil lii;;liiv iMiln'.'islif nf tlif ( 'nnipaiiy. iiinl llii'v wtiv iiniiii'. (lialcly liiliuwiij liy his ri'siL;iialiiiii as a ( iuvrniiiifiil nllirial aiiil his a|ipiiintiiiriil in a Imnilivi' pHsiiion uiiili'r till' I'liiMpany. His U'sliiiinny is naliiiiilly nmri' in lavmir nf llic ( nnipiiny ami nf tln' (Invi'iiiniint's rmiliiitiiiii, wliii'li is sii iliriMi|\ ill tlir iiilmrst nf ihi' Cnnipaiiy, than llii' ti'^linioiiy nf any nlhir wiim-s. Ilr thinks niilv mii'-liflli nf llif .srals slinl aiv ri'i'iivriril ainl his ii'asini is liial Im lias I'lUiinl mm|s with liiiili'ls ill llnir lihihlii'is mi iIh- isjainls. He iillrili'itis a ilifiiiiiirv in the niiiiilicrnl' seals in PSSS to the fail lliat rows were killml. Ili' iiiriilioiis that if ail' kilkil in .\ii''iist, ami tinir v I mil;.' ilf'privi'il n! Ilii'ir niiilhi'is i-aii'. tin thi'y an- limi liiillii' ill niiinl thai III litis wav III' t'liili'.'i Villi yniin;.,' pi'iish. Tlii' yniii n pirisli alsn if ihi' ninthcr is killiil lulu rs til rrpii'siiit siiih a prai'tici' nhlains, luil it is in In lint 1,'n sii far as In --ay that pups aii' rniiiiil lifuil nii lla' sluiiils i nuiiilii'r. Wlirii this nlliccr was rcpnitiii',' mi thf npi'ralimi nf llu! ( 'iini|Miiy, ainl lirlnii' ihc pnsiiil ciiiili'iilimi was iiu- hi ,'l' will'' lU'l'iilinl nf ihl' lIH'll isill'.; Illllllhrls nf •uls al tin- l^laiiils. as ill hut at p. llUnf till! rviili'llri' lii'liili' llu! CnlpJ till' I'stiiiiuirs nf liiilh Hllintl ami hall hv niK'-lhiiil 111 mii'-iial f. ;ii simial Impiirv In lal mills 111 Ii'illlil' ilinli-s that till' niinilii'r nf si-ah has lai','i'ly ili'ilcusi'il in llic last twn years (|SS7 ainl ISSS). ,'ln' Cnnipuny. linwi'Vcr, ki lli'il till llill.lMill in laili nl'ihcsi' viars. Tin' ( hivcrnnniit huil tlm ilisrri'timi ii till' limit. Till' i"i\r tmiit ilnl lint ili'i'in it ncri'ssury ami llii'ii nil tn iln Till' niiinlii'r. this wiliii'ss .-..vs. was iiiiTn isinu' until 1'^'^- laitii'S lii';_'aii the killiir,' nf seals, espeeiiillv sinri' l.SSt. .Ml this tiilil ilpuli lli lie U'lilei 1 iniisiili'ialili' iH'i'i'i'iitai'i (Kvi.h' ||. 117). nf tl pnsilinii nii the l.'.laml nf St. I'aiil iliirim.; all lluit liiiK' his slatennnl is nlivimisly a iiieii' siirinise. Hi iilil only kimw /n r^iiiiiilli/ nf Ihc cauh fmiii raiils whieh were inaile mi the i^lmul in INf<()iiiiil 1SS7, ami whieh Wfre iliie to inclli'ilivi' prnti'ilimi nf tin' islainls. .\fler tt'lliiij; iis thai a laij;i' jii'irelilr'.;!' nf ll atili of the inaiinuh'rs was ninle up nl uililll males, hi' cntiiely l'iir;,'ets this, as we liirl liiiii sayiii'4 (at p, 1 1S) :- .\ iiiiiiontv iif till.' skills Irilirii li« iiiar.titilrr^. in f.irt HO it till prr i-int., nrr frniti fitiiatfs.' It is sill iiii ill e 1 that this witni"-s, wlinsn inleiest mi helialf nf the ( 'niiipaiiy thi' Icssi'es) i« -Imwii is eniifessimi ihat i; was at liim's neiissarv. in mili-r In rnniinl ijie prii e in llir inaiki'ts lur tlif mil slrem'lln'inil his lesiiiinmv nil till' t'oinpuiiy 111 l.iki' li"-s thii'.i llio.iMlll seals (Kviiliiiri', p. I'jr laiii ]iiiinl hy speaking pn'.iti\ily tn the |i whii h niv liavi' I II kiinwn li liiiii l'> Iffl tl (".) Itnssia ileslrnyeil inaiainlinj,' vessels. (A.) A Jhili'll VIS el, ill ISH7, tniik t.-ill .si'ill.s '11 Mi'lirillii's Sea, -ei-L'tcil lliclll nil nil isluiiil ii'iii, ami ri'tnrm .1 lilt n' sea jnr lilolf. (i'.) Maiaiiileis kill |IMl,ii|lll eai'h season. ((/.) It i:> mil iiiii' that vessels un ll wl izi'il wlii'ii )iiirsu ll;; li'''itiiiiati' liiisiness. He "iirs nil to >ay that hir lln- lirst fifleeii years nf the ('nmiany's lease, v\/.., frmii \!<~>* in ISS.i till' h'ssi'i's Were nnninlisleil (p. I'J'.t , wliirli htateliieiit has heeii shown to he illeiiricil. Hi' nl'si'lViil that since IS.Sl', ami I'.speeially simi' I'^SI, iillier parlii's have lieeii ileslrnyinn seals, " leihniii;; tlir ('i|ilili1iiiiini if the si'M's.' As will 111' snlunilliil In'icafli'i, he has heeii rnnliinlii leil in renanl t" lln liy cxpi'il vviileis, nistnrians, tmvi'lh.'in, ami ,\'.;rnts nf ihc I'niteil .'>li>Irs' (inveinnii'iil. .Mr. 11. \V. Kllinii, wliiise I'xpericnci' is liniiti'il m {.'^7-', l.'<7f,ainl IS" ti - when, u' Mr. .MilntM' says, nil injiiiy wa» ilniie hy nianunlers — is ni'Xt ii'lcni'il In hy Mr. Illaini' (p. \tl nf .Vppcmli.x,'. Hi' '" li'li'iri'il In a- a ini'iiil" I nl ihe .Siujilisiiiiiaii Instiliilc ; In' was also a Speiial .\ni'nl nf tin- Tli'iisiiry. Tliu rnllnwiiif; all' cMiucts taken froi.: ' licptat iipmi lliu t'lwtoms Uistrii.tM, I'lihlif ,'?i'iviii', lui'l 441 I t}ier<* tuva txeo R(s of Aliukn Tnrritorv, hv \V. J.. Morris, Spnoial At^ont if tlip Tro(isnr\' Dppnrtiiicnt, • In the NiiTcmbcr narobrr »f 'llarp(uine,' IB77. iip|ie«n an wtici* >>ntitlil April. 1X7 I, appiiintiil fur (he purp>i>i' of a>4'i'rlaiiiinf; at that time th>' rumliti I tlie aral fiilirrji* In Al«>ka. th> liniiiit* nnn!«inri ttf the f.'-hrrica an » siiuri-i* of n-vi-iiu.- to thf L-'uiletl Siiilc*. witli likr inf<«riiia1ion rr^ftn'tin^ tlir fur-hi arini; aliiinala of .^laika ici-nrrally, thr ■latt^ttn of the fur trailc luul the rondition uf thr p«>oplt- or iiitivi", r^iTciaHjr tlio*- upon whom Ibv siii'c«'«itful priMk-culioti of the (i^hirics aiid fur tMiie Ih il.'p4*n(leiit. ■■ Tlii* Rrport of Mr. Klliott will li.t furlluT ntiti I ht-rt-aftT. :io.l. npon thr t)in>«hol(t of i-ritiriiin| unyttiin^ hi> Iia4 writtrit upon Mnnka. occnnion ii hi-rr taki-n to .:ivt> him full rrtNlit f )r IiIh valualili* roiitrihution in regard to tur-M-aU. It i« to li<- rc^ardrd u antliority and wrll i-onn-ifrd. The vi.-ara of Mr Klliott. h- *evi-r, in refrri-tn-e t-» other maftiTH of tnomrnt in the 'IVrritorT. art* mi diaiiii-tni-allt op|MiAril and antar')rii»tii* to my own that I U'A . ■Traini'd to rrvictr lome of hi-* ^tat.-mt'nta. KlittTiiii: ireni'fMlitie*. and tlir aholewli- method with whlcrh hf lirus'o-^ ovit of existence ai'.Ii hiii fa.il.- p*'n and ii-ady artut's hrunh anythinir 'tt .in> .-sHin.'.- »1 \»lii.-, liirht. Nhadf, or flha.l'.w in the browl etpan«c of Alaska that doea not conforni n-i-cifloly to thi' rule of inve«tii(ation and reiital ';ii.l '(■mil hy himHi-lf. and whii'h rontra.lirta his repeate.! as^uranrea that ontnule of the Si-al iBl'andl and the mim.'dmti- d.-|iend.-nri.a of III.' .Maska ('ommereiiil Cnnpany there is nntliini; in Alaska. " Tliiff iiini^iizine articli* liearn a Hort of s.mi-otfii'inl ind'irseineni, ita autb.irity Ih not d.'niud, .ind with tliia eiplanation for nsini; ().irt all the knottleili;e eitant about the ruurtry, " for he know* more almut Alaska than any man livini;." ' .\ dii'ldi' hns paiat'd »inr.' w.- ai-qiiireil this Trrrir>ry. and for a d>'rait.' it lias alf.ird.'d • niployoi.'lit and subsulenv;.' foi Its I.ri-M'iit Hcnsi'. keeper ; but thi' iieit tiei'adi' is wanniiiK into national rtiatein-.'. and it ia about time thi» bubble wa» prirk.d and the bladdiT not ipiite lo niurh inflated. ' 1 am fully aware of all the cnntequeneea to he dreaded, tlie rcapunaibility awumed. when rath enouKh to diapute the beretofori' M-ir-rwIablished authority from the Arctir Orean lo the Portland ('anal.' "This mail i..-enis to Ih' the iiiitural f.H' of .Vl.iska, prosc.-utiiif; and pcmerutinit her .^itii the hru>h of thr peneil and the pen of in ftp. rt wheii.'X.T and wherever h.' I'an ici'l an aiiili''iie>'. and I altrihiilc tin' pr iit forl.irii (-oiiditi.to of th.' Territory to-day more to bi^ ictiiinince and iiiisrepreaenlatioii than tu all other cau^es comhliii d. lie ia aeeused of being the paid ereaturi' and hiri'd tool iii the .llaaka Commercial t'ompaiiv, and )H-lonitiiiit t.i them body and soul. I hate made dilii£.-nt inifuiry and atiicrtaiii he ia not in iheir cmpl'iv. and, furthermore, they r.'pudiale the oaneraliip. They ihoulil tfit be held ri'spmisilile for the illdisen'-'t iitteriiifta of tli.' lena. -k.'i'in-r. notwitlistandim; th" I'hari;.' of ownership iiuirht eaiu>' hlin to be more re.i.lily lisleiied to. " Iti.ubtleu wli.'ii th.'T have tarn att.u'keil throutch the e.iliiiiins of the pless they liafe eniploye>l thin ilnlividual, who is uiKpi.'stioiiahly posaejiaed e,;!. the eueor/Ae* ucrittrndi, lo reply to unjustiliabli' oiiBlauuhta. and paid him f-ir it aa they *.iuM .inj olher [H'liDT. liner who makta literature and wrilini; for the presa his prufi'ssion." Hin I'vidmict! in 18S8 is oiieii ailvooai'V "I' tlic I'liiti'il Statt-s' oiinluiitiuii. Ills \vriliii>;s ami lli'|iiiit.s I'riiir ti'r in Inr suoii aj,'aiM, i.-s iniiliailirli'il liv llu? ia.'tl witiu'ss, Mr. Mijiilyri', wlm piikril liamll'iils of Imrk-slmt, &i'., mil of si-als iliiMn-il on tin- islainls. Hi.s tlii'iiiy of tin: ililliiiilty of •sliuoliii.; .seals i.'^ loiiiiaiy to tin; known ]i|-,U'lii c of lln- hiiiHi'i's to rrci-ji niaiii till' s\\\\ a.i it lii's tloatin;^ in tlif raliii waliis of tin- M'a. and liy liis own tu'-tiiiionv lirl'mi. i|iioti.il, of die iiii'iriiii; aim of tlii' Inilian liiinti'i.s. .\lr. Tiuj^lc, an Af,'i'Mt of tin: Tri'a.suiy, in i'liai'^i;c of the fur-.'fwil i.slnmls from .Vpiil 1,S,S5 in Anjjii.st iSHii, is i|m)ifil liy Ml. liluim' (Aiiin'mli.x, p. 17). .Mr. Tiii^jli! is not alilc to ^'o so far as Mr. Mcliityro, iiltli(iu>r|i In- was at tlu' islaiuls in |.*^8t) (Kviili'iiri', ]). l.'i.")), 'iiil 111' stiiti'd "tluri' lias ln'cii a xliii'iit iliminulioii ol suals, prolialily. ' lit; I'.siiiuali'il .'id.Odll Will' taki'ii ly nmriimkis, ami to ilo tliis lir j^iiussi's that ."iDd.iMlil wi-ii' killcil. Tlii.s ;'iiitliiiian. lus an A^^ciit o| tlic 'I'lfasiiiy, was ronlimil to llif islamU iliirin;,' liis ti'tmn- of ollii't' iKviilmec, ]>. \'>:\). Ill' liases his rontfiitioii on tlir loi; of a maiaiiiliiif; -I'liooiicr wliicli fill into his liaiuis This loj; vvas, it may lie i\'iiuirki.'il not piinltici'il, ami no iwriisc is ^'ivcii for witliholilin;.,' il. Hi' |iri.iliiri'il what 111' saiil was a cojiy. As his npinion.s aru hasnl upon this I'lirioiis statciiii'iit, his loslimuiiy laii liaiilly 1' siiioiislv pli'ssi'il. lie Icslilieil to in.solcmi' of .sealeis wIumi sci/eil, lhiiiii;li hv iloes not appear In The lo.'-lHjnk. it sluuiKl he observeil, i.-- .saiil to huvi .1 have liet^n pieseiii at any of the seiziiius. lotlie " Aliiiel Dolly." This is not the niinu; nl' a Ciinailinii sealer, ami it nmy here he slateil thai no (aiiailian sealer has e\i'i heeii fniiinl within the I'l-mili! limit. The opeialinns on the sihooner " .\ii;ii'l l»iilly" nmst have bi'iii rather ex|H'iisive, ami they ilo not I'orrnlioiat" the alli"_'atiiin that liir'.je eatehes Were iiiaile, siiuiu oUll loiimls nf aiiiiiiiinition iMr. Tiie.;le saiil I were wnstiil fm tl aptiire of one seal. .\milher siippixsinl entry in the loy is iiiosi e.Mraorilinary for llu; eaptuin nf a scaler, iiudei' iiny oir- I illiislaiues, to make. The staleineiit leferreil to is as follows: — " It ia very diaoouraginK tu laaue a larxe itu-inlity of amiiiuaition to your hiaiU aud have to few ai'uta returned." There i« not a Maoisiraie's Court in the eoiiiitry that woulil listen to this oral testitmmy as to the foiileiits of a hig. A refeivnre tn this im-temh-il Inj; — a enjiy nf a ]airtinn tlierenf only heinu' jirmlu I liy Mr Mrliityre (p. WW.!, of Mviilenre) shows that the laptnin hail an exiiptiniially hail irew. The riiptiiin ilesi-iilu'il ihein ill the followin:; terms : " The hanlesl set of hunters in llehrinu's .Sea ;" hf " never will Ihi einif^ht with siieh a rrow.l auain ; they are all a set of iiirs." The eaptiiiii aiMeil. however, that il " «e oiilv hail hunters, we wniilil he (.'oiim home now with l,."iint skins at the very hast ;" ainl from till' I'li; it woulil appear that he hail no re'.jiilar hunters on iHianl. It is worthy nf reniaik that the statements maile liy Mr. Tiii','le rrsjn rlino the entries in this :illi"jei| lo>{ are not ei)iitirnieil hy an iiis|H'«'tion of the Iratiseript .Mr. Mrlntyre pn«liices (on p ICtU' of Kviili'iiee) Mr Tin;{le eniitmiliet'f Mr. Melntyre ii'jjanliiiK the niili)lK>r of seals on the isiaml. He states (|i lii'J. Kviiltuiee) that there hail lieeii an imrease of seiils since Mr KllioM'. eount in 1S70 nf [128J 3 L ■J.lHT.'iOn, Ho cxprps'pil imtwl i— Bmateeiil (]>■ ll<" nt tlu' fitaicmcni nf Mr KUiott ilccrt'iisi'. lit- siivs : — ' I >m .11 n Iu9< I" know hnw Mr. LiUiattepnaU* mnmttiiii. an i rti (in thfl inlitnill for Imtrtrrn vi*«n." ■ lucstiim. viz.. It IS Mr. Jli-imvn ii-.fii ' tile wilm!.-.s. Ill reply, sliucil llial Willuuii (Jiivitt, ;i .>pi>('iiil A(ienl ot ihi. I'ihIii'.! Iiv llw Clmirniaii of tlii'"t^immut('i' liv ili >i|Miiiiiii tlial llitv li.ivi,' iiiii niilv mil !iicrt»ii-ii'il. Imt iiii "tlii'li' liiis lil'CII II stiiiht ililiiiliilliriii "ir-M-ills, intiliiilhi," 'I'lif ni'Xt iinlltniiiy i(Ui>ii'.l l.v iIh- Iiiiti'il Stintf.- Tn'mtiirv lit St. (iiM.i'jc litimiil Imiii Xliiv 1HR7 In Aujaiii ISHH Tl«> ovkIi'Iu I tliis wini»'«.s is imi rfli-rri'il tout iiiiv lin'.ali liv Mr. tUuiiiu. Tlic \vitiu«K» iwMitMil iwlnri' llii' ('itii<;nf>iiii]>iiiiv w«n> «iuliitti(l. TliK ('ommtU'H haaiUail thi.'j witiifKN nitliur r t ami ti|i Tile wiliios-i ainwcrcil that — " Wi> liM^r HO mtana nt kniiwlnii ttMt." Ml- vvm tlirti pns-ril in tlii-t wiiv : — " II- It n iiiirr iii.-itifr iif aiiiimatr, of .''turM*. hui 1 wi«lt ii iimm.i ufM ttlHl. wail ilumm ril i afcir in imt|HTi tn tlip ■IIMMriii(««rm4lliin ni mil linv** " Wlll'Il til'' «itIU''>< Sllitl li«hluk ilif lli«t •M"in llid n.wmw<'in«»t i'«i I/, N'l mifHt I'OltlJ ttuiHtitUv •oy " 15.10 »k»n»-r». ;If IJ thiiy wen' tlalro, 'lb- .ilwi hIiiiMi'iI tll.-ll till' IfKiHn-nnil tlir mIbiiiIx w<>ri'-1in( Hn-fwirtiriiliU' as nllii'r .VuiiiiIm pni|4r«iiril iliiK iillli'i-r im u rvliulili' \viliiiii>.<. unit ii im, lium^lim lN«UJ«*r-|( tlli< i'.< >i>'>'^ HUU^iinimt .iiiit <>|#Mu« .il till' .S|H!i ill .V'./i'iit.H ti'iii intiii uair- tn littn- tn llir ixknitlo, iiml wlm Litvc imw Ihich lii>it|ii|it III— nil Mtl Ih'IiIiII lif till' I'llill'll .StJiil- III* W««M>M«»1 Ml Hlt|l|H«t nl ,1 111-.' Wllilll IIIIH-ITIIM llitt, IIIHnilV iIh, I U am n H m wiit Imt iiinMt ilin-i'lly tin- Iimmm-' TIh' witiiixii < 'i IBIOTII l)>l *'nm(iitnv irwni piiiMiMiV I |Niii ln'iiii; iwki'il lay till* I V'uttitiiihiii, lM.*t«ri- wliiiiti In wii» [;tviti){ iiviiiitm-i'. Ill I'xplain, Ip 'luiij liimw tw.i vnlirtft. likii Mr HtttkimT anii Jiiijiri- ijll4ilMl. ••!««• I|ll tM >f •«« ttMlItu* - i'\ilili'ii p. I'.l nt Ap|u H'l^.. Ili< WilH il >i<~vanillH*lit Awul Ik.) lM«i'> III' Mint thill lltKiv «iii« nil iipfmri'lit iiiiirmim' tintii! ll'i' tin' tivx v«««. i,r.. to .•.»i'i'«-«i' tn iHh.'i iKviilntmn p UTi.'il III lliu tutliinu'llt ln' liiis li<>f>t ■•— 'trtmi tre • u- Ulll Ih- nllllWII. II.. .Miiw-w Miiiiiti. lii>wi>viir. llifti tkucMtlti wfiiN. afli'r (riviiiu w"tii in tlimr imiw.- .<#>-' nut it. Itnittillu » !"r>i . KMU ill- IH III npiliiiMi tlua lawltM> IiIIIiIi'Ih kill all: tliH\ mill, aliil lUul liMnv iui> liiuliliw« ll\tMV llllBI ikuF't "IIM'mImIU'!. N'n MVv^titt r»WHill till lllit npillillll I ■ L|IWMT Iliiwi'VIT A'.'Miili'K Hrlwuril "»liiii|ili>, lit Van^'xiMi*'! ti>ritii'ily nii iIh' i IIMilllrHl \MMtM linn M-llKII II IX linl ■«. tllM. Ill 18(1)^ niM nl I'NIi -•■III. uUii'ii 'ly till' "* .irolriM' lln- '•••ill* ui-ri' rliintlV fniiwli- I'ihiii lIu*. it Itiav lii> Mtnl IiImi It IK iIm i-MMtmi iiliiiiii)jr hiliil« av (nnr llw Mii' III (III- IrWhIi' a^- ' Iflllllli'M,' tnr Itll-n ■.'lUilnltri' M« In till' |nillll\ nl itkntl* tn tlin I'lttull- It IIM> 4inn U hii'ki in niilk. iml iIiih is u|w«m« klHiwn wIkhi iklliiiili'.; Ilii' 'M'ol |l|\ i'iiWh ' art' i'ai|n|il, iin liiin Ih-i'II iiilniltli'il. aiiil uJcilit^' till" r'viili'iiii .tiwf Mil/ iiH II «,i- 1 |. Il lii" UliM'il nil II' «x|«i|>i>r li'|n>rlx nl till' nilili 111 till' xiali'l-x. Ill' wax, nl I'liuixi' iniillili' In nliow li"W liinil\ (if (l|i"U' W'li' lltkl'll lll'lir till' Ali'llllall IhIiiIiiIi. in tin' Nnrlll I'ai'ltir, nr nli llir Wxt rii'iKl lit llrill"!' (.'nluilililii. ni III lit*' i'llMi'l > li'illlx ill" ulinli' >'Kliiiiali'il riiti'h tn lliililinux >wii riillM'i|n<'ti'llv II' Wax nl npiHInii tliiil 1|||;J in Iti'lirillU" ''N',1 sliiiillil Ih' I'lnli'i', in liiil'l tn titu In'lU't ph>Miii lintll IM In IIm' nili'li, till* liiilin>i. mill tax nl llii* »imiI hi ili'np \tiiiii(lki-riu.s. Tlii- ii|iuii< ('ontriiiliiiiiry, .irr in liivoiir «( llir iiniii;r-iMiiiiiiiiicil iln'iini'.i — ' Tlmt Ihi' Iviiiuli' -I'lil'. wliilf niirsiii.; linn yoiiiii,' .;ii ;;ii>iil •lisiaiiiui in hhiitIi ol fi«i tlvrttnirlloii of llic wal-i wlicii liiniUil mi llh' sea is u'rcul ill I'miSfiiuciii I niiinv wipuiiiliii ^1 al.-t Ix'in'-' liiHl Ail ')! llii'iM- opinimis aiT pul forwnni in -iiipiioii nl llir iiiiiiii pnipoMtimi of lln' rmtnl States. \\r... Mull iiiip«i IKSL' aim t'-|ifi i;illv •rJiiiuuiiiit'i|. !'!»> ' iiiiailian I lovi-miiiriil jniiis i.isnr iipwii llii". anil tlii' ('miiitor-iutlcrlinii ih inailn that llnic lia." :»rii III' iliiniiiiilinn 111 M'al," lrri|iii litilij,' ihr iixikiiHS, ami It 1- I Imiiuil thai till' lealu am ;i[iir<' iiiii ,i I. I iiioii- valiialili' npi'ii liir iimkiMio lii tlm iiniit lii'.>t'iliii:4-);r>inn>lii. ainl many i.llii'i iiijiiiirn. nil \!t!iiii till' iniiiMiI I'l III!' linvi riiiiii'iii iii'liir riilti'il tati'H. a;t In'riimilli'i H|u'ii|ji'i| I'Ik- < aiiiiilian liiivi'iiiiiiriit ■■< ili dial llii' -raj lifi' ii|hiii lllr Klainl.t (iiiiiinl mily Iw niullitullifil, "111 i.'n'rttiy inrny llu' iialiviM Inr tnod. ^'<. Itv rfy lliii li-Mui'it. I. Hy not iwruiittinv; uiiy killiiii{ nl' tcal'i ii|>, ninl •vfiiciiilior. .'i. Ilv pn'M-ntiii'.' ll I' Ali'iili I'mni killiii'..; wals mi tlifii nii'^'iatimi tlimin'li llic Aleutian I-laiiiU 1 llieir wav In iiuil Irmii llie li|;ii'illli^;-^rmiliiln. In Mr liliiiim!) ill Kpati ll tn Sir .liiliaii I'aiimilnli' nl tlie '.'7lli .laliiiary, |S>l|i |ui iirnci'i'ilH ii|inti a •imwliai (lilleri'ni I'miiml ilinn llie rviilein !• aliiailv ii'VieWiil, in nnler In -Imw tlie neieiiiiily Inr ' nMiililliim III !tunllit!4 III tlii.i walcrn nf lle|irili<^'''< Sea The '.I /Kirlt I'viileliie iH-lnre the I'miu'leM-imiiil I 'miiliiiltti' Hiilixlieil llial I nliiliillUe lliiil " ihe ,'nm-lil lilliiilii-r ol Mill* on St. I'alll ami St (iinr.'i' I liilnis lia.H liialillally iliniinii>llei| illlliii'^' ihe KlHt 'I'.ir lliif«i veiint, .1/... I'nilll INSCi to |KH!f, \tlilli-&ir .Mellllyre, wlione eviilfllre i^t no IIIUi h n-lieii j|>"i liV llie rmteil Stale-), ilatei llie ileelita'M' lliilii \X><'J Mr. iUiumi, howttver, ailoptt thu siuvv that the iiNikerieH were lit prune ron>litioii ami iiinliiiiiniitheil .Mil IHH.'i, wImiii, un hu my*, tJuimilian MiuiJerH uiiuhi llii'ir inlvcnt iiiio lleliriiii-'n Sen iiinl thu injury •VUlll It IN llo'ielotv nnpiirlaiit to |niiiit mil thai tin- npenitioiiH nl' the ranailiun lealeri vn'iTf al-iinlntely •-• • ipaiTil with the niiiiieroiiK ilejireilalimn iiimiii the inhiinl- fiir till' la-i rentiiry, whii'li, ' not yet I e','iin lo aOerl the value ainl nninlii r nl ^ealn mi tlii"r extalillshlll'^' the facl thai 'klnionlinarv nlaii^'htel iiii'il prinr u> IhTU, anil that al'tel all iIiIh, ulieii llie Inliil iiUliiln'r nl .'"^ iiuiniilri' nmnlirr ukm •imih nl ikr lnUmli nl Nl (lnir|>' nnil Kl. Paul will •Kr^fDir, >•;, lo.iliiu lo jil.iNiu |.ri 'III ill. ll ki Dnr iSu, 3.'i, tllli ( iiiifmi, III ■■'•tioii I I ill Aline.; ■<• i nlafy 111 the Tieiiniiry I'epallinelil, in Seplemliel iNT", ^aVe |N'rilliMimi to Ihu iilmiit to aw till -III iiiH /III- iii-aliiiifii I J lilt iiJiiiiilf iii/iiiii.it ii\iiriitiii>i;i (II. |! , llth I ''i|i|{ri:HH. Ntm Kv \i>' Nil s:ii p :l(l ) 111 I N7i' I 'oliif tor riii'lpn. iiiMr Si lor •••aln ^ in lleliiin;:'-< Sea with the nhji'' I ol' i'upltiriii){ M'aN mi their iiilijralliiiiH to ami I'rnin '>' I'liul ami SI liiHirue lulaluls SiM'iiitaiy llmilUell iljil luil miiMiler ll e\pci|ielil In ilitertere with er, Wllllli;; to .Mr 11 \V l.lllnll, Hleinil in lliili.sh VeniMla takill),' -eaN III Ililliil Stale, walei-i .iiiil In the neali luirnlillii;; liinli' llllllielnll'i 111 |.17'i Ml William Mi'lnlvii . all A'<'>i>lallt Aijelil ol the rii'ilnlirv, lle.'ti'rilH'il havill)< Ineii tnlil till' iit«w ol •.!«• Kehnoiiei "r\;jnel," ax ■ii /Capinliieti |la) in Ix"!. Wiie ■«hi)olin({ - frmit the il««| HI) It* riii>ti>rtM nr milAm riitf IM >(/ Hr iitiirt, il lli>' . nirt mil (n'milnl ''d .-• 4l1*r llli' '.i^'lfa nf Nit Irltrr III liii 111)11 4111 " III iliiwrilo"! the olHimtmiii nl llie " I'V'unel " lllnlrl llie I'llll Ileal the liHiketV wlili ll alaillleij I hi 'i "I thilt iliey lelt ihe iimki'iv in l,i|ne ininilielt. (I'',\. M'" Nn, s;(, p, |Jl ( lih I 'mi^reNii, .'^1 ••-loll. lliH \i"v\ Spei'ial .\^elil Itiynnl III I'.'lh May, |H7>'> lI'A. line. No. .S;l. 1'-' • Mill I'l n|ini»n, Nl Se.iisimi i li'iiii HTI to I.S7M Ml. K .1 .Mnr^iiiii .Vtlm'liey Im llu .VliHku I'mnpaiiy. wan nn ihe i-iJamU ll the will- ISIih. iHli'J, ami lloni |H7t In IH7M lie N|Hn*Mi|f nue>«Hriii ih (me "f ««»n criiitrrf (i. /imlul Ihf nxittritx mi Ihr i.Jar:l.\ • H l; Kx It.. N<. ;iHN •■ 'III ..-I.—. |i|'. '.H. 71, Hl'.» » III |H7.') iIm It'.. It'll. '■ 'I lliiiiii" l.viniiii rniiiiiiif till' fiilliiwiii'.: iiili>riiiii(ii>ii ' lvi'|Hirt, (,'uiiiiiiiu«r Way'* ami .Mi-umh .rltniHt- lUiHiri N«. nj;!, 'Ulli i i,(i','i,«- 1h| Si-*mi.ii.) AiiHWiTiii:.' Mi. llurciuaui im l. wlml lix kicu iilioin iltc '.n/iiic (>( tlir "Sail Wiiipi,' Mr. I.yiimii n]|ilii< mxto "f Ih* ' -^w l>i>«n, • Mkaumw. nor M. I aul liUml, iiii llir i't\i J.ilr lal •liiiii. Ilir ' .■<«l Uinrn ' ma Mm xltmii lii I «l>l>t lliii'ittiiiic i;ii|inii. Mr. Klluitt, III aiuwnr to .\(r < 'liii|>iii, hiivh laat llio iirt<'tl tin. «iiUniaiktni>rt« "I .".ii"^-!!!! .Su.'iit Ottm ami » ui'iuiii liaili.y rt"t|'cii I'ld .\laf all M>' .awl ■■■•iMiia. h'uii IhnaKiuili "1 ll>r Nlriii'> 'il I'm a t" Hia ii"rlli •i.t ..f I'riiiir i.l \Vnli> iil^ikl. flfiil |'r»iAtalil* *'.it|»li>«.*fni .n lakmr far^M-at* ahiiK i*.! 111 >> Itr iiialiiiif tl.r |.a«ra||r alniic 'I..' <'*Mal f'. (Iir iintll.. V< suit |ir>,t»4lt|^ a |i<.ni' 1 lliff vaal numlwr llwl w— lly rnMfrrvaMi at Iha riaal Ulaiiil Ulfr in thr M^a.in 1 'tm liti'irm'^tl llv Ilia lliillanw thai iimiM 'i4 Iltc •Ml* ubni aUMV ll>.« . —aai ata faatalaa. «jitl Umiif aiitna fta4 -t tuwtet al llu «ariiiu% lliMlatiti U»f |HMlt," I III 1. .'.i xt lUv .... ' li<.|Hiri, III a It'll III lllf ..t'vai'U iaiahli'ii. Ill' ulVi'S lilt I'lllli'il .Stiit)'V M Inaiiii'i " l^iltiUi,' Ili'XbM luaMii anutnl al Ui«i Si'ai laUliiU I'V S|H't'ial A),'ulil (Hlls, ill a Ki'imrt l.» '■■ !•• 1 '» <'.'tiiiiii»miMmr Ivan I'l'iroll III llii' >t.ar IHHII, hi' myt : — " A« tll»*<- Mail* |i«a* •*)> aiiil 4 i«li li'v fiiaal •«■ laf aa ilir Mlraa* ill PuiH SMit III' Hiiiulll "f rt liaM«f». wito* lili i al ur «|Mar Ibani *• Ihay ntul tlu'in aatorp at mm 4ltii itnatl vaaMit *r* Atlnl ur|Hia> al iif alarallUK >ti«|>lllK ml" ' Jt. K Kt ll'-a'. N'l 40, mill < unnriM, Atil .%-i*iiiii. '"i. taiu. f..**ii At |i III III till' "iiiii. l;«>|iiirt till:! litn I I ' .ikri iif iliii itativcK Noriiriiiu l.'.'iiu in |,.|iiii yoiinit fiii- «ualn III iniiitilii (lipiiiuli I I'liialu,! r.i ^ S|.iii'ial .\i!''lil I' 1' l«*li.r iiil.SHi iiali-i liiul lllf 1 ii|ii|Niliy uiii. |Hi\vi'rli.HH 1.1 iiiiitfrl (III! iiil lillt Mil/ i/ir/aiM>' HkM i«iU< iMiW II MttUK-iini lo-li a/ MH'A, .'lOtli I 'ii|i^m«.i..i, |.. '>H.) Ml 'I'ri'ilnill) .\mi'I>> II A iihilili'ii tvliii Hill .III ilii' mliiiiils Imiii \M'^ in I.sh.'i, nlitiw.i tlmt lln- ll\lUllil.t 1.1 lU l\< lv/ilttif> I'll! Illlllll'l.i :„••• tilltll' nil llliMlulluiil inullt.i III' Hlall i| lIllll lit' tiaik lawlt'a^liili Iif • Vl'itti'l \N lull lilt; rlitu M<-n< i>li -linri' klllili;; 'M'alA Tin- < iii>i'riiliitilil, lir ,iin'n nil In lui)', iliil ii.il kl'<'|l Vviil'li tlll'll' III llln 'llm .lll.l III' ll'inlllllll'lnll'il lllilt II I1'\i'lll Illll'l mIkiIiIiI In' kl'jit !lll')i' I.. KUnlxl lll|. lalillltl*. (11 It. Y,\ Ihii. S... il^M, .'.mil rniluiinn, |i. •JH.) I'rini In llii' ill. iii'iii ..| llir I'liilfil '>Uiti'v III iirn*a| vt'iuwU niiuiili' till. It-iiiilii liiiiil III Ik'liriiit. • Sfit I \|il't ll.llll' Ililll allnWII lll,ll llltl |HlliLi' Inlll. ill lln' laLllllU nilllii Hill |i|iitfl I (lll'lll Hiilll |1|ii|a llib id illunllatiil III a li'Kt'l IVmiii IIk Stclftal) nl llit 'llnuill) Ml. W .Mi * iiilm li, iliiU.I llir 2llli Ki'l'lii.nv IKii'i. Wlirl'lll III' li-i.illilllt'llili llliil '.','. llOl' tli.Uat* Ih. i.l.tilllli'it |..r tllf |irnU'rtin|l nl ..MUtU ainl till' uudmi'iiii'iit nl iliu luw.i , ' 1'hi i<«l n>li«nri. ' hi' itatra, ).. Itl atimklh I llu lli.\ainniaia a nonui iil alimil mil laiii il.illan Tlia nlanila "n alu. h fiv Hftll arr laki n art |irnlii iitl limii 'ili'urai.1111 ul I'.aiauiliii^ \14acla aluiia iHnmgli iln' 'mlaiiti .if th*. ia«i-Hiii..nit>ra. I^M yaai I'.r 'ifKr-'ii III Ibi' ' I iiKIn ' »rlm| a M'^ianii't rn(a|.il .11 'aVlii| Mali uiiU«fiill)i. W iilmui ilia ua> ol iiiiicri iIh rur-xnl iitiluiii) kti no pit l«t:llii« " Tim ItlUH ilnM'H liV aaklllil III 'i<.\,tMIII ilnlliipi 'Mil llu- KulilllilU'" In IH'XI Vt'ftl (II II K. H«M' Nl. 'J.'.J, 4»tli rini..>H'.v Jn.) s.•*^^.l||. m.I. \x\\.\ SolitollllK'l I. IHHI. till niillil.Ulyll ai'liiHilii'l " ,\il< K' Mai iilXanl |nt VInlilttiill nf iMH'tlOII I'll'H' Ili'Viai. I SliUllli". VlliUi.l Slalt-i III IMS) r.v|itiiiii .M. I.i'iiii, III ■"III "I till' HiHimiivi ' iMiirv Kllt'iii" uni in lll■lll'lll^'H Smi (ivm iln. Mill ,liih ti llii' -Jml AiMiHi III' |...ik '.'007 «'.vl-i ami Wii" iml iiili iliiv.l Willi (Hct. i.ju iUh |iiriiti..ii iiiiilfi .^ii I'nr till' Sii|n.iv««i..ii III Haiii .|iiilii ml iiiiil \'nliiiii.iry *'ailii i Mr Ui'iil-jji. Will ihi'HIi, III .'lllnr nl llii. riiltfil SlalfN' (iiiVi'iiiiiniil. waa al tlin Sfiil l\i.|ti||i'i' In. lull, llii' ('ii|i|{n'HH|iinHl I'niiiliiittii'. Ill' liil< li'|Hi||i il tn lii< linM'lliliii lit iillii liiia Wllllrll il Irnnk il|Hi|i .Mankii ami lii'iillli^'n S<.,i, ' Wunlliiili < m)i In .Vliukil," lUllilinli.'il III HHI Al |i III) nl lllln In nWvW all iinnlllll i.|' lli|. Illliilin.' .'I I'Idl Ulamli, ami iIh' rniiHinim-nt ri.|iii'Ki fnr a ii'M'iiiii' tiiaiiiif i^iianl iit ilial |i|iui. iliiriiiM llii> kuhIiui^ ni'iiwii, wliii'li was uiiiiiti'il. Ill IHH"i I 'a|iliiiii Milit'iiii aptiii \i"lli.l lliliriiiu a Sn in ll Miir\ Klli n " |ti. wiw iIii.it (imii lilt' nil 'Inly tn till. :liil ,Si'|iii.|iili(liriii;j'N S*>ii in IHrt.'i uln'ii »t|H'llklII|; .'I llll' a-ill tliltl'lllin, nilill t - " |liiriiii| III' ti'ai iiuila • iiumliar irf xiarlt lw«a rahltil Alaakan »airi> fm »ali ami olliar (Ur.hmrliif ■nlnwU " ill H II llll. Nil ul, tVll. I uu«ria>. lit tWwii.n, i.il. itiii I 111 1H8II tint (Invi'im.r III Aliukii, in Inn IU'|hii( tin ihul ymv (|i 4i'i), nUitt'ii tlnit nn iiuliMiiinniuii nlitilKliti'r Wan riinii'tl nn //r»rii linVlMlliiilit "11 lllf ailr I III tli« " iHilll |liu(;n " Nvtiirli llll i;iiltt.tl " an !i| nlltiiiilur" "Tllin,' Nil riiiKli' ii.niarkril, " will itn Mini li 44:> ,1. liwik U]' Murainliii;:; I'liviinv.s uroun/t Iki iJninlt." Mr riiitlici' iir-^'iil tin (■■■miiiiih lit \i> knji a l\Ur iiIkii'C I/:i tJnnilt liniii llic Kl .l.ilv l-i |li,' Jit Vi.Mniliir Till- ulmvi' ri'lcniii I'l. it is .miIi||ii1I>'l till' liiiiraiiilcn tir |.iNirlii r- ii|ii>ii lln iiH.kiinr. imi mn; U-in.: u I iili.tiiiiilij uVcr I'.llic lilt' iillUlil.s r.lliM' mill till' iHMMMMIiili lit till- I'liilcil Miitr.i Mr. |lliu!ii', ill liii i|<'*.|iiiti')i III till' 'JTtli .liiiiiii n. I81ii>, n-iinirkN lliui INiifMilinii by % ctoan nlHitimfv fiii}iiixiy aimI Urnfl) In lln- titlur '•( ilu ri«)irri#f." Aii'l ill '111' iiiiiii! ili'ij.iitili hi' .i|n iiks 'it till' |ii'itiliilili- |iuiiiiiiiii ilii> liiiitiiifis i|..\Mi til till) Vfur Til iImiu (liiii lit till' |irrs)'iii liiiiii ''iii> vitiiii* III ilir isl.iinU 1^ '.'riMtrr niiii ilii'ir i 'iintiiinii m U-tier '.Ull I'VIT, It in iilliy llrri-tMury tn iiliNiTVl- tllill Wllilii till' latl' ||isv'i'> |Hi|i| III tlir (iiiMrilliiiillt lit till- riillnl Stali'ii ail aiiliiliil iriilal iif .'iHIMIu ilullali ill ailillliuli In - ilnl. liL'J - . |ii-l' xklli Im llii> liilal liiiliil»'r uki'ii. ilii' iilt'i-i't, wlii'ii till! i.ilaiiiU wiMc init ii|i Inr ■••liiiH'liliuii in IN'.ill, umi- ily i xriiili-ii, (. uiillu' NiTii nil n'li-ri'iu r 111 li M li iliil'- 111 ilii- |iiii|iiiHiil« ■■"'••iiiitiil til til'' I'liiii'il Stalin' Tiriwiiry |tt|«irliin-iil III ii"<|Hiii<(i< til till- aiUi-rti-ii-iiiLiiU of lln- Tii-amiry iiivitiiii; nlli I- Im| ihr |irivili".'i-<, ilati-ij '.!i. '.'lili !:.Ti'iiiliiT, IHH'.i, ini'l ilif :.'ii|li Ki'l-riia'-y, In'."i. I'liiiii ri'li-n nil- in tin- i-vnli'iin- iK'f'in llir i ' i^'ii'.siiiiiiil » 'uiiiiiiillic (II I.' No. :IKk:I. .MhIi ('niiuroiiM, .■iiil iS«-Kiii)ii , it will l«' Hi-fit iliiit " till- tiiivi iiiiiM'iil iiiiH, i''iM"i(» iiiiy i"-' I'C ii»^. (.'"•I" -'IT.iii'ii iliillani I'Vi-ar fiir tlio l(-a/ii!." Ami at \>. !>'.* nf tin- iiiiiiir lir|Hiii it m il.itril llial tlii' aiiiiiiul iiiriiiiii< Inmi skiim III till- tiiivi'i'liliirlil \v;:.H .'i)L',7ill^ ilnil.irK, unit lllal III iivtirll yvulN llit- riiitnl Stiili--' liuMliiiiii'iil ^•n•lVlltl timii till Ala.skiiii t'ln-trnl iiii|ii-iil liiiJ tluii alti-ail> la-i-ii iii|ialaii|' aipilal lirKl liliniii " ' fifth. — i'V HicftftU iiMiJ Htftmt* »f tk* (fuiiYiiMnil VII tV€*Mnt tj nt4 l'o>\1riict " Thr lirtal ommilil fitul ti> IW<' Ii-«m*-« im »i.-iihiiI .if »al.| i-iiiilr*. I L)t In I Ik .Mllh Jiiiir. lUNn, Mirlii»iir. ««• &.&'i7.l'lii il'illt/a. IV iiiul ainnuiit it|Hiiil«il lif iti« D.iirniitifiii iiuim^ iIh- miii» |i>fi.Ml «•• aIhuii *i.'iii,iHiii i|..llar« inr Mlniirs iwiil ti«ii'l>|.iK riiN^nv* «/ Al'-iil" III IImi Tt<»aurv lli'fMnii). Ill at Ihi- S-al liUii.l*. aiiil annul I'm, (Mill il.ilUra Inr lln' n-lriinr.i tilliia i-raif-ii^l Alathalt •Mtn. " Tn III-' aninuiil alri-ailv mi-iiMl ilmi'l frnin Ilir rliaii.ilrr*aril A^Uknii l>ti|i<)'«', aMi'>iii>liii( tn .1,4'ili.liii«il'l Ii4- a.lili J lln' .-iiiii nf kiiJ.niHl iliillari rUklmii* tlnlir* ..n iiii|>.*ii) uh«li r Hi mnlrail willi llnatla. liMkllig an «|airiri»l. Mt'iaiil rtiriviil -II llw li'iii'iiiiiiiiil nit ai'ittuni "f lln* n-duflrt i^f 9.!i'i&,Ji,1 •Inllara, Imiii| 2,3'.f'i.l^3 ni I'liriii nl llii alu.ivni (i^lil tn HuitM fnr III* Ti'rrilnrjr." Illrjinrt nf rnii,rr''i limi t>i liir liiikiTii-x alnl il-liillr liliiH, uln-llni .iininiil lln- inliilii|.i nr ll till' illlli-ri'iil luisKiH III till' Ali'iiliaii lali^'i', \( lull |lii> Im riliii;] ni'iiln III |iii|i pi iw ii I- a M-al. III Ixii'i NiH'i iiil Al'i'IiI IIimiiiI i-Kliinati-l llii' iiiiliiliir ul h> :iU In Ih< an IkIIumh I'lluM'niiijn-iM, I'lul Sdminii. N'lt :r.', Si'imif, p. Ij-. — ■ III! M. I'aul lilaiiil ., On ll, llitirf* Manil, , Tnial l.Ul.nim &Jfl.*iiiii l,7'<|i',iliin III I'STl Ml. Kllmtl, al'li'i I'Xaliiiiiiiliiiii, i-nlimnti'il lln- iiiiinlH-r nf ni-iiln In Ih- "On HI. I'aul liUn.l On ill linitfB lilaml,, TnUl S.llill IHH' iti.i.rj» ■i,iva.4ii) "illlnivi' III' l|iill-li|i-i>i|iM|,> ni'lllt. ailil lulililli.' lIliMi' In IJir rtllllllllr nl Ml Klllnll jilit i|.iii|i>i|, In- :.ilii.'aU i- -iiailil)! Im rfl|< i» .\lailii." |i. V.I.) Ml II .\ (IIhIiIkii, ail .\'4i-iil nl tin- 'rn-iimirv (nnii IHS.' in lln> ."^tli .lii.n- l-^S.'i an .mllnii'.iv 'lunltil 'v. Ml lllaillr III 'mt 111 till' I'liili'il Slalim' I ii||liilltlii|l Inlil lln- I iili|,.'i'i"ilii|ial I nliiiiiil'i r III IHHH, 111 li'|i|,VIII^' Id till i|lli'Hlimi, " Wliill liii ynll Ml) lllmllt lln llli H'lIM' nl illllllllill lull nl ill- lllllll'il-r n| miuU nil iliii'niiikiini'H III Si. I'aiil ami Ml. Uihiivi- '' ' t iliil mil iiiilli* aiif iliaii|i I .iiulil mil iiw aitf |iiiitiiiil lir liail n..! Inr ilu ■•llml- In liiilll'*n tiart " 446 Till' Mim; Mr. Tiiii^lf, ill IHrtT, ri'|KMU'il to .Si'i-rrtiuv KnirohiM tliut: — " 111* f.iuiut tti« htiff* tif hi^n<-*, ithJtl Mil tw.i i>hiki'nr« tlirrc i« »rlatn, li>iwrri>r, Itiii vb«i iiuiiiln'r (it «iiimali, i^. v«tuA\/lr (i> llir U'lTi nitiKTfit, Mt «till nil ttiui.iil < •iitiiiiiilcv, ttfnii. p. 3&'J.r III II l!ri".rt friiiilKM. ISST) II i.s -lali'il ihat .Mr, llii.r;, U i'iii:;!'', Ilif .\;,'i 111 a|i|MiiiiU'''iit'tiuy of tlir 'I'l' iiMiiiv, MiliHtiiiilially riiiitiriii> Mr. Klli.iii m Inn view ivlrniil I" iili.i\f. I'Mi'iiliii.; Iliiil, upmi :» raii'liil mirvrv liv hiiiisrlf in l.ssii, In- oimuiii! lliat till' liir--'iiiKcr till' .'tlaika < 'omiiK-nniil I'miiiiiiiiy, in timir l(<'|iort, Hiiiil I'lat tlii> siMtlH \v(tii> mi thi> iiurcasf. Tlif laU'.il ilt'liiiitc iufiiniiiitioii iiiifHMiriii;,' in tlir I'liiti'il Statct' ilociiiiiriitH n'),'iiriliii}' tin- I'lniilitinn III' ilif imikfiifK i.H hiuIuhuhI ill lli.r Ifcimit nl' Mr, Tiiii^lf, who, an S|H'i'isil Aufiil lif tin- Trnisury l)o|>iittiiu>iit, wniiM I'rum St. I'liiil Nliimi, Aiiutlsii, tlir .'list .liily. isrts, ii,s IoUowk;.- " I ititk U-Kyiy tu I'v iftl^ti- d' I'D/'iTt O.At, itlt!ititif|li t'tli- Uii>llllt, Ihi' brritatlis roiilli*rir» arr flllni mil lt tlt>-in iiiiioli ftrjrifUil t)ic»f lim-f, >ti'i«iii| viiiiiillMTftjr ttial *i-iil llfv i« imiI Ih'Iiik ilijili'leil, biil it fully up i.i III- rtfliniatrt ifiv.-tl lii iiiy l(v|iiirl nl 1HH7." Krolil till.' almvo I'liiliMl Slali'.s' niliciulN it is tli'iir lliat, Ullli only partial pl'itri'timi (III tilt: is!iuii|< tliu NnilN Imvi) iiiiirasi-il in an iiiiia/iii^' i1i'(,'|im', 'ri.i'.'ir islumlH, iiiiiliiiimi^; in ISTl tin" larphl iiiiinUr 111' Bfalu ivur luiiiul in lln' lii^tmA "I >n'»liii/ at luiy )ilac<'. miilain tu iliiy ii innir aiiliiiiiiiliii.' iiuiiiIht. Wlii'ii till- iiumlicr \uiN li'ss ilian iiall' ol what it i"" at iir<-i"«4ii>ii, 11, R No, 4'o), a,H «cll M llial of Mr. Itiyaiit in l.^il'.t ^,l■'.x. I>«k', No. :>'2, list 1 'iiiinn-Hi, 'Jn'l Sijfiimi), l.ilXi'ly .Hiippiirl.-! till' ii.nI'Milioii nl' ihi- ( aiiiwliiin linvitriiliii-nt rcdiKTlin^f ihr pnnliii'tivi'iiuMit of tlio Mil lllltl thru liahltx illlllll;; tin- hli'i-:\Mlhslaiii|iiiK lli>' ll^ I'tlori.s lai tin- | tit i I tlin I'liiti-'l Siati-i* to '^iianl or putml tin* lin't'diiiji l-hiliiln, till' ililliiiilly III appmai liiti;.^ tlii' IoiikIi iihinI^ tlit'litil". thf lili'iali'lun nf (•i^.'i, aliil ntlivr ^all'«'^ liiivv, 111 u laif'i' tU'(,'H'i', pri'Vciitt.il tno tli'strintivc or too lmllll•l■llll^ laiiU U'liijj niaili' iipnii tin.' look«'ri^'^. rill' ('.illiiiliaii (iiisriiiiiiriil I null iiilt (lull U'liiii' sriils in rail ah' taken nil alhl nil' ihi' I'lNlM^ nl hrili'ill I'liliitiil'iii ami (alilniiiia, ami al.su iliiiiii.; lln ir ini;,'ratinii>< ii"ar thf .Mriillaii |.«laml'< l>y IihIiiiiik litnl Ali.'lil'', till' I'lllk III' llii' ;,. al.^ tiikill III till' iipi-li M'a nl thai part n| the I'arilii' ( li ran railril lli'lirinu'* N'.t arr IiIiIIk, liiilli iilil ami yoilli^ lull i lllrtly \ nun;.: iiml ihiit limst nl llir miu.h whi'H lnKrii III klliiMl III* "ilrv iiittt," i.t. , riiMH thill havr iiuiM'il ami wcain'il tlnil .Xniilij', or rii«i Ihill alt! harivii. nr tin* llial iiiiM' loHt ptipt Iroiii iiatiiial raiixi's. It iiiunl aloii lir iinii'il ihiit liii'ii' ur« inni'i' rrnialis ihiiii inali'H in a lii'iil nf Ni'iiln. (" rri|i t" Ahoka, ' \\ anlliiali, p <.r| i I'll.' pn'«ll|n|l takril hy tlir t llllinil.lll I nlVrllllm lll IH tllppnrlllll — 1, I'ly llii hl-'Iniv III ihr iniikrrii- a^ ahoVr jjlVi II iiml thr (4h'«l iliomwii HllliWII.ilonpitr thr riilintnill killlli],; ami r.ui|.'< upon ihi iiwti'l«i« lu Ihr th<|lI'r■^l »iiii. Ill llir lalaivl, lii'iiir llir iiii'ii tiii'l tnal kinriio tt'-Mlinr y*jn Ihrin Ih'I. I'mh iir thr .•> nhl iiul> t. l>-rl ' 'irai-h idmIi i* ' h ii-h I'l liii iii*i'Ui-i mill K.ti r 11 with i-<>*», hill altiio III! iiUi'T nialra in haul ti|<. 'Ihr iimh « A^lii fiiouualy, a.'t *< iha III' hull «riii ail old inali lake ii|i a juuiiifir iiiiv ill hit irtih atul tliiun htiii iiilo thi air 'I ln' iiiairt thiiv light vlii'ii •liip|Hil, aa'l arc wall glial itilhruay ilrliii liil.i lh>' aia. " I'liry iiti' aniiiitmira trrainl with liiirtihh- hrittalily, I'hi* fniia)»t ft»<' hirth In Mii )miii tlirr ihiir arrival. " .Mix lMtMi| III" ninii. iirt ihi' hull* ihi mil niiirii ii. ih- in aKaiii th.a t.«aiiii " •'I, lly Ihr Itirl lliul Iwii-IIiiiiIh of all llir niiilrit that air I i air nrvrl lirltiiilU'il to lilllil il|)oii tin' Klinr )4l1illllil with thr frlliiiliH. 'I'liiH |ii|;.;i' liallil o|' liiirhrloi''> irAi'N i/ fl.udflaitil Ui'ttU lllilr* ilUiiy trnlii ihli lilfrillii^viilollllils (II. W. I'.llliitl, li I!. Nn. WHri'S, :ill|h < 'oli|.;iris, li || ■_' ( 'I hry nil' illivril nil llllii tlir Wiitrl'. (< lai k's allii Itt nil Atltltlvtlc 'rill linllrlV itiilllxiri I llir I'lllU'l Sliittm, H't'iiiiii i'l, Mil. II, lhH7, p. |;||.) \in. No. '^:l I \ialllll){ .-■ .li^ aill.r iilHilit thr liilihllr of ililly, iirriiliilialilril hy a IrW o| lliii lillttlin liiali'ii. niiilkiniiiij a ).'li'ali r pull nl llir tllilr in llir wiilrr. (II. II .\ti 'litsir, ■Hit I 'oiii^h'i-n. L.'nil ,Sra»inii II K .No. .It,, p II , al,.ii II. li Kx l>nr l:i, Ul SrHiinn, lltli roiifju'i-.s, p. I ) M,- .''iiiiinri Kalkiirr. .Xiii-tiiiii TiriiMiiv .Vjjriit. «ritiiiK Irum St. (lutiriir ImIiiihI, \'\ .\ii|{ii"< Ift'-'i In Ml lliNiilil. liiaMiiy A)^.'iil Ini ,hr ,S«>iii InluiliU, Hiiyit : — 447 " t niilifi' nil niiur "f ilir nmlii'iiKi Uir |imm(x.kii)'>, fiirinrri; ■Hfupifil I15 yiiini; livii'liira in liaulini upon llic ti^'kunniid, ifr r«ini|'t('ii'ly bliickol up tjy frii>kl> ■. thn* pmniiinir iih ihliiic t*»U fritm l«iiiliii« , mi't «* ii.r (.-> .lUr imrti-ni ofiKu i»|ii>.l «;,.,)r i< r<^tn|>fi«r«l >f lii|f)i rlilTa. it ri*ntlm il iliffirull <'ir Any irrral Humtirr in tfft-il » latulini. 'I'tKn- «r>- aliii mi rmi* lilt fur litr yi'uns uim'i In «i\ III Mily i'i|n,il ill iiiinil'i r l*ii' l>ii I'lliii^' m ,iIh. iuhI Mi. Kiln/ii .■.iiiiiaiiMl. wlini iIhii' \»i II- l.Tii'i.iMiii >•■n\^ mi ihc i-luiicl. I.riiiii.iuiii iif iliin niiiiiln r \vin •iKiilin'iilim; Miliv iKIlinll. .\|i|M'l|i||\ li: II I; Kx. jliH. Nil. S.l, Mill Ciiln-n'N-l, Ut ,Sl'ssi..||, |,. 7.1. J Mil tjiirk fii'.'^'y ■lf|i-ii liaiil i>iil i>i> i|itl< nut !.:iMlini;->.'riniiiiiH, iiiul mi llii' «•! iinri nf imr uiutiii-r iliiajiprar intu llir -.valrr (lilliuii, p, lit, II 1;, Utii fmiuirst, l»i SiKiimi. Kx. I»ik', No Mit.i yiiiiii'; 'ailii'lmw >Im not ri'iiiaiii uii nIhhi' toiii; nt it liiui', (i'.r/i' I, I Hli (.'iiii'/n'»«, 1^1 Si'i •411111, (a n-ir, Nn. rx) Tlii'\ iiri' nil iimiH'rmis, hnwrviT, tliul Ihnii'iiiiiiln run lir hitii umn llir liaii!iii',.;-;,'rniiniU, as all of iliiiii .in- iii'ViT citlii-r i'..| iiiiii! ilicir imiil ili'pariuri* iii Nnvijinliir. II II Milntyri', II. If. Kx. I»ch. Nn. ;iii, lint Ctin^.-n-.'!/!. L'ml Sunsmn, vul. v. Ml Klliotl miVN, "|x'rlin|m nIiu IuihIh " p. l3o. Iii* lli'|>"rt on Aliihkii, lH7i. ||. i; Kx lio. \u h:i mil < '"li';li"rH Inkiii;: t" tin' wiilir (" Mariiii' .Miiminalu," \<\ I il'lain .Sliaiiiimi, rnih'il Slalt-,' lii'Vi'iiiU' .Mariin', ls7|, p. I.'i;.' » I'll. Ill till- l"tli t" till' I'-^tli .Inly till' riH.ki'rirH ar\' fiilli'i tliaii ni any iillirr liiiii' iliiritii; I'lc im'ii<)iiii .' tti. piipi liiivi' all l.ti 11 Uirii. 'tlnl all Uir lniUt, i.iUh, unl pup. rtmiim ilhiii Ihiir /lUiiN. (II It. y.\ I'..' N". i'i, lull rmiKivnt, I'.l .S»•^■^lml, p. ;i,) Il liiiM U't'ii aIiiiwii llial ulii'ii 111 tliii hHiki'iiiM iinitliiti'^ wiTi duitriiyt'.l tin' ynuii^ wcri- fiuiinl ili'ail, iiv, In.t I'rtil't'.HMor Kllmit, in nft'n'iiPti to tlic I'rilivl'iv Ixlniiil*. nayii ' \\ ith tbf . itY|-iiuii itf ilioM' Minflia^i mI.i. h Imi* rm'ri.rd «-iuiiilt II. . ..niluil, n.. tuk • r .lyitif *^*ia arr •.-.•n ii|.>.h ih.' itlwnla. '(till .if tbi- |h-al n«M.U"i. ili'.aMti.U M|i..ii llrtiuMiid*, '.r •«•!> 1114I niuti illr r«.-ri y. «r Irottt -ilU t^u alxiir. 11.. 1 .iitt htVf 1 vm-i ' r. Ttuy .>lil>'Hlly (t<* up iIk-ii l"r< HI »•." Ili> Hrpiiil<'ii, lss:i, Mi ltr..wii ll.tiNln, nl' llir I'liiii'.! ills' l-'isli rmiiiiiixiimi. Iiiimiil: -lal.'l ilir lii'u'iilaliniiit "f III' I'liili'l Slitii'ii' i'riiiiii{ lln' l'ril.\|ii\ '»i|' lilt' •■Itii'ial lti'|Niri ii|iiiii till' I'.xliiliilimi mi\» - f i>liii-i'« lu ^vimI •. 9fv«l«t ••iikiIn ri ilim r«ti p.tMilil) vtttt lu tillivr « ir4>. 4M i*l> I 'till It. muliii'ly ti>..r9 r«|.i ily ihiiii ilirit IihhI , *t.4t.y '.I ili .tiM i|i|. ii.-.- ,iilii-r .1|# Ml ita >lt»(r.>yf>l. Niiil I t.*i •Aiuiiril thai, » fir M tin' "|ti'ti .h-.'«m i* r-«lrityt. If hi' •IttUtii fr.tnt .l<'«ir..yiiig, ii.i.il,l p.-iliK 11 lUr »««■ Anh t^'4|t.-i't I-. iKr r.irtiiir (Mftltl, I lia^f •Itrwli [Mitnaarf ttt^l tt.al IIm' r. tlrl. 11 -n wlii. Ii tin- I'tiilfil hl«tr«' l..i«. itinivi.t iM 1 i«4>.l >M llm i)r»tti| .if »•!> Ill 111' MmIi«' '>Uh.; MWil> !«<• ' 111' nilili'l lliiil N'alui't' liait illl|H>m'il a liliilt !•• llii'ir i|i*iitl'il<'li( till' ii|NiMk>ii 1 1 lh7i (iM't. liiN It'piirt mi Alutka iiln-aily nfi'i.i'il li l|i ■''.'' ■<•• ilial - Wllk Ikt .I'tliml niiffMlaKI. Mail.. I .liwrliilMMi ••( |.> ih* tif***. .1 il..'M>«ll>h I il» toil ikink II aillilii iliii (Hi*, r ..f l..im>ii iii«n>(> i"> tn ■.' pi'.ni.'lr llm . ii. 1.1 fr»>* li««>.li.l III titini-lil 'lli'til all. I .iii.llltiin lit a tUb' iil litliirr i f.r il i*4iili>.t fall I.. In .'ti.lrlll. fr'l ..1. t 11.11 ai.iiti.ii .t..iiiiii iiii waaV »■«• .a nl.i. Ii lii> Iim* mI Iiu ...m.umiii.I hIiiI. iI.. i iiiil llir Uii.l, li. 1. .glii - 'In .11 I iilii|ily ti' 1 m.-ri.ui\ a* hti wiiut.l 111 iiiaiti ratll.' In an lii.lrlltilir iiiinilMr. "iilji lliiiiia.t hi li ." nii.l 111. -'ii* , liiii tin. iM 111 i|iii.atHiii. ii..flirfit."a«ly. lahi « lli« f^r.M*al »'i 'iii.tilli* »iii .il iiti-ry i"tr f4' liri'iti.t il..' ri-«,-l*. nr ri... .-,iKnifatin\ ..t any mtr, kiln. i| It F«|M»ai-il t.. liit"«n |Mi«rrliii .n.l .Ivtiru. tit' itHlMr»i •tii-nit'-*, atil itiarit ..lliira pn.lialil) iiiikit.iw.t, ulil.-h pr*y iip.tii 11 nIhI. a a. . .ritm.v null a tt- 11 '•'. •.rnir.-'l li«« nl ^at.l^- k.i'|.it'tt nltniil 1 •'rrtilii iiiiitiltrr. itl.i.'li lit^ It ' it fnr nf.-i. ttii.l trill l.« f<.r lli.- '«l«r< , .. iHlair* niiw at.' i/t hmi fnt>.«« iimi* *>* l'ii'i'>tlNiii t.|tllillll| hmI |>n><.^"l lli'-w ki-al lilah.lt aii.j all |l. ImiiMD *<« lit li'iHi r; •*■■ ikrii' a" ti"*. iii Icri. a> 111 aa ..il ••iilntit i>i MiMt*' • (Mitrr ttiinitH'r nf l>m«l#i !•• he tiiirii Ptorf var i «■ ilo ii>>l •lull •Ih'U.'ll IHiUm Iu Mtt* Ihcflt N<*l)itltt •*)>'•- l''«l* *••' H4. I r (I t» t III |-i• iiit|i fur \>*'a\ Thi» ct* ' *>w> '< '<"i' '■>*•) ti*** •tiillMii* tW lM'«rt> ariitr mitiiiaU uiii«l ■«rii>tiiit. m rni'Mftoiit «inr(ir. '>••< . ti.tint %- -^s \*^ ttim .> M>« "i n*lt t4ih I'lt tUim i||m* i* t)M| \\^\t rniiilih h^f tit 'Mttill iii«'< ^ %htth kUi* iSr •••iii«um|>li> Mul* Mr p|N«Mt«! •« ilii)i"'U' ctfi t ttry Miifi' 4r<'« «f lht> \tart mnrr mil nwirs «tth their ntfinti'f ■■> thry mlvanre MUth. anlil ihrj i«>«r)t t point when> Uieir innnti (lr"ini ilinr itumlirr will niiiiiin hunl. Atxnit thi- Sml liUiidi I hair fmlrij tu nolii-r ihr Iea»l tlialurhaim- ftinmiit ihrtn animalo liy iiii)lhnig in th<- «nii-r or out. and from injr riliftmoUdii 1 tm k- that it 14 not until thry ilMrvnU w»H to th« louth in Iha N»nb Paril^r tliat thry lurtC with aharka ud vonwiuu^ killfr *Ulea."» Till* foUrtwin^' rxtmct from \\u* IJMjMiri *'f Mr \i. II. Mdntyri'. S|«Tial A^'cnt of tlic Truvsury «! lilt* i^laiji!^ ill l>ri*i>*l fmin ihr iititlli^riii naiiii* Chirf iif Ht. I'kuI (■litiitl, aitil my omn < ht^rtatiuii iJuriii|e t. <;rtirvr in W-t), JutiP, ami July of riuh yrar in Ok- fttlhiwiiig nrdrr- tirat. a iinall nunitttr of iild ntiU traU, known »• kiya, \i«ii tlir i«ltii>l* vrry r^rly )•■ tlv ipritiK. "^ ** '^'"" "" ''"' "*** *"' i»*'l(* ') anfhrii'iilU tu .iltow tlirin to rP4> li the toii* ii|»on till' ahorr, Th>ir ntij<-. i it t|.i« tini>' *rru\* t» he tolrly to riTipniii'itri* ttt>-ir oM rrira with a \um In roiccup) iltrm. if tlint hutr Hot ).r(i. •IimIiii tw il, AtuI lh<- i.ntivi>(i, *ii uiithriiTniitlinK \\. avoiil ii'>y iitiii>r likt-lT in ttlanii Itiriu, uiij in i-at«- Ihr wiml ii m •Urh tlirri'iini-i HM lo mrrj tlir »muki- fnun thi- >i lilfii*' iil tow.tnii. Ihr n«)ktri«'' all tin" arr ('»(inKUii>hnl. Aft« t it frw Uay ■ th>'*r iiiotirrrk inki iluir ilr|«iiluri'. hihI -t» On- m .unit mUnmcx. i( ihry U^^v Wrii un Mjuari' rot)< uf Kr^uml. Still lairr in (lit M*aMjn, wlirn (li<- nr hua nt-urly iiaap|>r.tml, Ihr Uu\^ie$ arrivr. n'ii*rvi-ouii(r »Mi\r» attoxc one \rar of ii rirs with tbi'ir at-niorA. "Wr Umtln, imnxHiiairly on naj'tiiii-^ the *hori , arr npprnpri.ilt'il hy iht< oM mah" ai>tl laki-n to the pltitu rrapit-lit>-Iy iclrrlnl hy thrm f >r ib. tmion, which la r*'i)<-ralW thr Mini- for inaiiv »nri' pi-.ifr yrar*. It is amrrlnl that (hit Minr nuilr ural liaa Imvii known lo .HTii|ijr onf rOfk for niorr than iwi-nty itmou*. 'I'li. y<.uin[ m-aU ahoir out- yciir of ii^r, r«ll<>i) h:tii>i )ora. iak< ihi'ir po*itioiu around rU<- rU^ti of the roitkrrirt or r.-n.aiii m tin wulrr. mut un- rt>h«taittlT tryinc tMlth or «ln'n|ttn, «h>-ni-\rr m r4*ion olTi-r* ; nml tiiu« nil ini-rM«ant ipurrrl i« nii.iriUiniit n tU |i*iinu, whii-h k'lpt fhf old inaha i-iitMinnrly on thi- alrrt. Th'-y nf\i'r li*a\o thrir pUrrn, ^Idom r>lrt p, nor do ihry •',)! aniihnic whai4'Vfr diirinu ihr rnhri- M-a^'iii from Mnv i • Au4U»l, whrii thry g" ■■il" *!>*' *alrr ; hul, ii,a fur an tan h<' natTrUinrd. taki- mr Ut,^ until tl'i'ir fin4l ilrpariurt- in Noti iniit r. It may \nf rcmarkrd, howmr, that they an- ti ry hit on arrival and i|uite at lr*ti at Ihr tim' of h-avintc III autunut Thi* yoiin^ uraU arr >upp- in •'\;iinin.itioit ul th> tr kto'iurli* >M>ldoii) ntvfaU more than a nrrvn ntiinlaKinoui maUrr, Followitiir all olhcrn. the yrailimt H-aU n'ri*- mUiuI the niulilh- ol July. ai-iMinpniiiiHl hy a hw uf ihr oidrr mule*, and n>mn)n fur itir Kreatrr part of thr ttnii' in the watrr. Soon after thrir arriwAl in the nionlUs of Junr 'Uiil July thr h inalec hrin^ forth their yi>uu| " ^Ki. 1>«H., lilt I on^r. m, -.^ml SvMon. No. M,, p, II ) Ui'lrrnirc lilts 1h'( n iiiiult* tn thr niiiln u]H>ii tilt' iiHikt'ric!<, itinl tniioi)M initiil fiMin thiwc islittuls, to curofiilly ^^iiiiitl niitl )iil»''tioii, tlif iiiri.'usi' of m-ul life will In; iMi)n* luarvolhuiM than wm. Mr. TiiiL.'!*'. ill I'S.^^it. in his !h'|Miit to SiM-ritary Kain hiUl, uivt>8 tIm («oV(>nuiii*ni to kei'ii a outttT iinaiixl ih*' i<)laiit)s frniii tin* Ist .liilv tn tht* Is* Nuvi iiihii. Mr Mni^'iiii, ill ISHS, Ml hiH cvnlfiicr U-fnn* (*uiij;i'i*h.s '^p. 'S^ , mu\ thon* wvu^ not Hul!irn;nt rtitiiTH fill iln» |iroh»riiim (»f iht* iMluiuls, ainl Mr. Waniniaii, S]H.»rial A;.;ftit of llii' TrtMHiirv at tin- iH!iin rnuienl ouuhi to kt*rp af liofi one rrtmue-alramrr ihi'rrm aixl ahoui thfor two inlniiilii up until tin- innMIe ut Ol liiht-r at leaal. The Ir-mhlr hn* (...ii riil.i Iti \en( h. lent np to nominally pmtt rt the Sral |«lAniiiiiiiotl (onunitlee, p. .\t* i Thi* Hi.nntirairl, Mr. WilliuniH Hut't : — "Ihe liovi-rnnirnt praelici'. throuirh thr Tri-A<>ury Drpiirtmiiit, hm he< ii to proti-ei ihror watrrH ho f.ir a« thrt I'uutil «ith ihr rrfcnur-ruttera whh-ti are •i| their itiiitiiianij. Sell il Iku fretjui mly itappriii-d that a revenur-euttrr Rora U|nmi (hr iial k'niuni hikI then u ordrird north for in>pt*rOoii, or for ihr rrlul of a whahtiit irvw oi oiiiethinff <>f Ihtl kind, and ihtty urr troiir prvltv tiiuili thr wholt tiiiK of the vralniK Ma»on, an I ihrn- itrt ini lo U* nii iii^ultii^irnry in Ih'' in* lliod of pntti rtinn." (Kvidenre iHrtnre ('on|rv<- ■lonal roiiin ill4«in that our n-rrnui'-cutt*n hari> iHfn nblisfd (o rofrr a territory of HtIO lullen ImiK lurltij( a M*naou Thi'y never hap|N'itid i« lir then* wlu'ii tieedrd, .itid. «» far .in ri nderhiif anv nrrvirr whatrver i* conrernr.l. ihry wrrr pmetieally uaflraa ao tar aa Iht Seal l«l«tiil« Wire (*onr«trnrd That hii< 'M-rti Ihe es|N-i-ii nir . I hi lirve. of alt who havr Ihtii Ihrir." Thi>i otViit*r iiMoiiimtMHh'il sii'aiii-lauinh«'H h»r ( Jn\i intinnl Au'*itl'* nl thr i.sliiinls. (Kviti-iui hclorc riniifrfHsiniiu! ( '.numittrc, p. lo'j i Mr riliihlcn. aiinihcr Alii'iiI >*\' tin- 'rrcaMttry front IHS'J to 1H85, hhvh (KvitUtiici!, Con^'roM-siorml ('i»miiiitli'i . p L'Sl wlicii hi* was at tin* i>tan l>tr too' ixtennive. eovennic, aa it don, a diaiance of levrral lho(i«Nnil niilen. nn.l while thr mltri t>> iihieiit nt th> Arirlir niinli ilaivtaK'' fan he dont) h^ thr niuriiudliiit veiarla lo thr Seal lalaiiilit." That r..n','rrMH rr'^anlrtl it at thr mitsri a:i the iluty at hsi.'^t nf thr AilniiniHtalion tn .simply l'MuI'I MHil n"julatr thr isl.diils. JM rlrar fmm thr Art first tlruhll}^ with thr sultjrrt, Mr. Ihiiitwrll. ihr Srrirtdiy "f ihr ThMisnry. rt^portr-l in lH7>r a I'lnt {irrluij of time to n Coinpuny or tino lor an itntiii.d aoin of nioiiv. upoti (tii^ ronditioii that proviMun should he nude fur rh> • iihfliitmu'e and nlui'Uoii of ihr nativra, nuil OhI the titherin lhi-mHii)vri alumld ho prrnrrtrd from Injury. Thi* plan i» oprn lo "^hi ^fjy iini>e ohjciijon (li.ii il umkri n m uiopoly ol n hniU'-h ot iiiduatry, iiiiportint not onl) for llie pt'opir ol ihi iHtundt. hut \o tli>' o.'oplr of Ihe I'nilfil Stnt»'a. It Ihr prpmtioi find m:inufnfturn of the flktnt for u»e •honid h^ iMnifrrmI from U^mlon lo Ihii * " In Ui(* atoinfirh nf on* o( thrw anlmnla (ymir bMori' laat) ^f\ilirtfin% aniall hnrp Vntmhnn A'«A-ri't. lH?'i, • •rnU weT« fo«ml."— A/ioAiir^ CMfvli't HtfsH, •H9 ■ • iifiiry. Sdi'i J MHHti(|>ii|y i« I iiiirfr) tn lli lAf- i| i!i \* •■|ili', aim) iml mims y iti< Mtiiiil |t4'o t» furr nirri •'iT'irln woiiM Im* iiiAtlA lor ■!■ MtiTlliniw . MtitfitiiT. llic imhtcs nf |tii> iithit>t the ('t|iil ■« tl> <)iini(i<>li ni llir IfkM jppfoM'tir.l. tilt- liii>ii:-i'iit- iii> In I i-Mri|>Miiy nnw. ii< woulJ )tn.)ii)>tv bi< thr I- 1*.-, Ill il II Im.) ihi Ii>i|<<> tif n n ii ttal uf it* )iritll> i;r<, (/iiili-r lliiof ini'iiiiiflrflii • • lli«- (intitiiiiM ill of tlit- t.'iitl«Hj *^UI<* HoiiM iit'Crao.'irtU ttt' ^n j'-rttil ! I ifn-.it p\)t-ti-<- uti-l tr«iutilf. Kiir lltr>t* niiuiH*, linrtl\ •Ih^->I, Iml tiilnl, n* ii r\ ii|ij»i>nr Im mr-, | r;,iiiMtt r-t|i-'tir mi iIp •mvk<'«Ii kltiiul*! tx^ It'iM-il tn •my ('•iiii|».iiiv Tir rt ) ttrxHl ni' \fitr». ' |iii*iiiitr)i lilt It uill )i - M t-i'K.i.'v llir till* (iiivrnitnrtil iif llie liitit«-* !•• iii^iirit iiii in iiihI artiitiul tli« t«imtilt « nuliiDrji miil iiiwi I »■■•• I'T ilif priln iMin 111 II ■» itit.T ■«!* iirii|r-r «iiv pliii lint rni hr il.-\(*4t|. I utii » I M|itiiiMri thai ii r* h-ii. r iIm( i|i<' (i'ltrrmncnl thoiil'l .i*-iiiiir till- I III in- nuilrtil mI tin- liM.inr** nt tin- ikl.tiHll<>li 1 Mi.')il -vaIi'iii til |t-iti(-«*, t-\ilittnitt liMiM III.- lO ihiU ili-iillnl apirit* nml iin -■iriti-, ii(ili)i-t'i i< «« I- ilint tiniiti ltirr« (ti firl< iMi •-. < ti-< )•( ulirii IIh't iirr dritiii !•• -ci k 'Im lt> r or I'lr ii)-i'i-»^(iry rvitaira, 1 li<- Kiiiiliiiiiiit ut lui-li m;t-ii|>iitit y uikI roiilml liy thi* liitU *niiirMl <•( the I'lill il Sitilfi • i-ni |M mr ti Im- |1h"C : — ' l-t. iK- I \, liiv|i.M ••! til til r |Mtrlirk : '.*i i), llir *ti|'|i:y tn till' nniiti-t tif «iir)i »rliili*« n» tliry me niTU-ti>iit<-i| 'n ti»i- -, :tr inilni « tor lli> ir |;tl> mr, ttinl ih |tiiyiti -ii'. ttl n i>tilh< ii>itt iitliltiMinnl «r.ikilM itwr lit* |iiiyiili>ttf « liiit'lc !<■ tin* liit(i\r«, nnil ilir-iu*! t>i llif (iiii I) lir llir |ii ttuMH4. ' |li<- |i iriiiiii i>r llii- inriiliiH i'(|iiirt)iU hfluiiifiiiu (ii tlit- iht'ivni nuiftil Kr m-i nmili- fiir lli<' |iui|iu<»c ul t'(lur.ittnif. llir rm-ti m ot iii' iiiitnttl*' i)«rlliiiir'\ tiuw |MiVi-fi« ti M MiM not lit- )Mi«»tlilp tu with Inw niiiri'ly tliR iiiilit4rv ntii) iMTnl font*, or tn i.r|!)>i't n t-.irrfiil *''ii<(t t'<>tt«fi|iir)il upuii k tmiimi; |im«v* »i-iri nf llir Iiubiim -* of llir iilnmla in the uiiiiU III ttif l«.'M-rtMin'i)t uoiilil iitil Ih' tfi'it*'- Or.hii.iiilv, 1 iur> •' iii ih'- irpinion iluit .i f itivrrtiiiit lit, it|ii<-iuUy nnp likr iliat of iUv I'nili-il Htdh >. u imt ailriiili-il to ibr nvnut-rnii lit oi Inioinr*" ; loit lht« il-itly i* n tiiuiuf- whi< li iinntl h<- l< ft ii|i< u in trulMultml i ■iiii|H>iiti>i|y, Hlirlji- r |ii'>tiliiMi' or .>tli('rtti»<- thi* inl> Ti -r of titt? It'>vi rnim lit imiiI Ih" i'\|i<-ii^''« im nlriil t | rnt.'i'lloit of th^*r itlmi'U -t t{r. .ii, iImI tt cniiint nllonl iltvi(lu>il <>r nf u (J(iiit|miiy fur lU uwii linful *ri|irrvi«it>n. sl.tiiilil llir (iovrmnii nt f^iil tn tin- iilli ni|it in imnaKO tlic Imniiti-tt thmuKh itt nwn nifcnlii, llii-rr nill ihrn Ih' n|i|Hirlunily tn ,ti" i\u tiohi rir* tn pnvulr |i.irlir< . (nil mv npiiitnii ii tli;tt ■ liirncr rcTrniir r.iii In- nhlmnt il frniii tliriii li\ at-iual mniinitrniriit than liy ' In fiirtl.i r rt-|>ly In llic \{ hilion, 1 Ii.im- tn-ity idat tliv ^kiii- Likni in iHit-^ »• r<> rrniittil by Mi">k->. K'lhl, Uud hiitHm, uml Co., tt»> Solh-ilor iif |||t< Tii'iivury hriiiit nf niHiiinii th.ii llir (riVtriiiiH Mt liml no li'i* il .nithnnty l» drliin llinii. TIioh' tiikin in 1N6V are H|i>ii till ulitmU, hill no ihriPinn Un* hrtti mnih' tnni-|>nii{ tin' riiflil^ ul thtn t'ut\t rinmtit III rntii-luiliiii: (hi- Hr)Miri I •!• -tn t>< r.tll iKt- nll< iilioii nf ( .men *» to Ih* tut tli.i* it la ti>t'< O'try tn Ir^i-liir iinnii' •cut ymr 'Ihv ii(ilivit> Mill . imm> n<-r tti< i :i|itii»r of Hcili .ilmnt thi- t •! Jiilir. Il ilt> itluiiJ* an tn Im- lraiy nuki* |lr••^ i*i<>ii for the luiiiti'** of the \r»i, if till- l)ii^iiir»« nf thr pn miiI y* 4r ii In !>•• rninliKirtl tiy thr ( Intt nimfid, .'m I think it ■IkiiiM ht- Mlmlrvfr our n| the m-^Iii und tlit t'linittf tti Hit- i-kiii* ; and thai an ii|i|irtt|irutiiiu rhall he iiudr nf liVi.iitiii ijolt.irt. itiit of wliit-h thr nattVfi klndl l>? |Mid for thr liibtnir |H>rformi'd lijr llx-in, and ihr otluT i-S|ii-n»>- itntdi-iit tn the li.Miif^ liirt. Till S< I rrtary of thr Trrakiirv ^hniihl uUn hf aulliorMi-d In m-ll thr akiiinitt ptiblii- iiiictioii nr ii)inii !>tiih>J |)rnpn«Nlt at San Fraiii'i-ro i>r \i-tt ^-trk, ii* li>- tnnv ilo m iifT\i«l It) th)» rniiitnli'ili th;it llic ()>i\rrniniiil il< rivnl nn Iiiih lit wlMt>%ir fmni lh> rriy ut two ( (Mii|tji''ii-«, uliilr llii> (i itirrtinit'nt, dnriinf iln- laat It: lu* Itifiiikl:' d |>rnit ttnii In llii' imtut'n it id l|ii' |t-hi-ry, and Ilih iki H««nrnitif at |irrtrnt llnil it will tlrrui 'in> hi'nrlit wlmti^ft-r 'Ii' I Tumi 1 1 IcKitUtitm ix Inn-,' th|.\..| Un^ hii.im-* ni ihi- j.-ir |h;ii wdl U. .'nH :t rrp Uimn nf llmt ttf I'^i,'.! " W'litli* lih- I \)t)iii|i *ini >'>iiitciiliiiii is ^ii]t|t'irti'(l. lis lijs Ih-cii s<>iti, liy niaiiv I'Miaits iVniii tin* I'l )M(ilt I .iIh iiiK id till- Timn-kI ^jiIi-h' i .tiVfinmi III, il \> it| liir^'i'ly fHh.tiifitl ,uiil Ihr vuhir ni tin* i-^liin-l-* ^Mraily iiifnMM-'l riiin \s. nil itniild *tuv tfa^^m lur tli>> ilivfriffiil opiniuns ('Mti'ilain<"t it-t li lii-i^nlatinns I'tir ; < |ui ■^rrvaliitii ••! si-.tl lilv liflNum llii>-f wlm • niiliol tin- i-^Lithh ami ilhiM* \v|iu i|v iiint|>f||rit In Imtit f inN III tlic iHi-ati In 'n|t|niii 11. ■ ilv .iImiM' a-^-t'iii'iii tli'- lullMwin-^ .itithi.iilii"* aii- in |Miiiil : Ml. IliMiiii. in ISil'i (SfiHih* K\ l>"t\ N". ^iJ. 11 't '■itir„'H-.-. JntI Si-H^i.in} siaU-I llt.i: ilf laiiri* I niii''iT takt'ti in iHiiT un'l in JSiiS i|i>t u-asoil tin- Lomlnn valnalii n tti :\ ami ( iImHuim a ^kin Mr Minin-. in a Uriinii i-i ilic N-riclaiy nf llir Tiva>myfll. I', r.N. \hu\ N.I, .s:;. |i I'.h:. Mill i,.a..|">^, Nt Sf^^imn, -^avs. win n allinlinii tit lln- aii\ i -aliililv nl killini; iiiori' si-uIh lliaii pri-iciilit'il liy • I \.t nl iIm- M ^u\^ IH70; - li »>>(iii< llnl till- tan ii.ni fnr.M-tl- h^mt li[.ntii .1 liy lli in Irnin tin V^intt itlaudi, fo'iii* thr •'•'Jilt line fnr M-.iU kill •! tn ili«* Smih Sv>i*. in- nil ihr niiikrl nt llir wirld • in t tt nii iUl\ t.tk< In fn. i, ii i% |irrlt)r • riii.t iliHi ittf w r* I -"i.iiMii "I fhi: htiiniK-«4 kill-'l 1- ii'iotil thr ni ut tjliMldi- |»ift nt fu' ti.im-hi«f nl lUt \lt»kii CninnM-nial • iiiii|i4nr. niitl it t- nnli unnlliirr pp\mt id tli> ii)i«unlii\ nl tlir fnM|iii-iit rlDirttif mtidi- iik'«tn<>t l.i'iii ihat tli>-\ *iirii'|>iiiimi>n tnk- fniiit nr i*iaMd4 'iO.INMI tir .w,mi(» imirt' tMnU tlifM fth'^ uif t ntitleU to tiikt Oati^U'i Htport, Thirr on-% lint i-\:ti anv dnuht, it u twli-fd i- it ilenivd hy Ih* %ln«k« CiHtii i ritil I 'iin|<4ity. IS it tin- l>'ii«ii nf llir l-lan.N nf >l I'liil »ml *• ~M. (Iftirit" i« hitfhly )ui-riiii<>i Tlu* U'f-tt Jiiii-i-t-«tUMT||iM t-iiii.iH InI, tlu' Alil«ka i nnitif i>-i.il ( niifMny, oNril^ l • *h Ui-t Hint tli.y luivr til* ""I'' • mind nf ilir tlil.r A>Ul:i' idm.it nil ii4Mi>h hir>MM]* i.ri' louii«l, a« «ndl rt4 nit tiiii MHii loUiidA. ■» '^' V'Vi\ nml rti (trnruv, \iri•( nil itli* fni'«4nU killnl iiitiiiftii^h in *Hv wnrtd . 'J*idljr, thr arhiti -^p« md »-iii.i'«hW l*-^) |i'ri'.ni.ih value i :tiill|i, nun- itnil t \|i< in in-r li.ur t{ivrn Mil* lontrtillniif I'niniiiinv nm»i xnitirtliii' n IviUHmu'".. Fni iiiHt.im'T. wa thr l*l>iiid •! M I'tinl. Mlirn •! n |hii d mimlM r n( irnni .l,i)H),iHHI to ;i,;ina.iMhl nt Mith rnmcri'ii>in<. til* ,-.iiti|ihaU i|Uintity m\\\ -.< tnnnrrly r.*).*MI I mid iiha '.m.imi i hi,- ktllrd. Til ( .M)|iiiiiv t iti)ili n -^itlt-i Miii( iM^cv ii|i< i,ind thiit nr* lln* ni
      inirk -t, iiii<' ni ildtiriihy in kiIiiiik 'M II n mit nl II tinrk -if .t.(MMi:iinU In ;i,,'iim>:i«iH who h are lltr si )r*t t iif tli< m U' t . ami 11 1 . tiwiiitf In th n .mi..-, nml i,. thr iim- inxrii III iividdinu •**il« lit tht- «kHi«, int aH4i iHi|*n)tM'i It |irr|iNriiii; th'-m for tin* tiiiirk< 1, Ihni Ihr htitli )irii-i'% arr oliinimd. ImLnl. tjii- M !•> ihiit n fnr trMl ^i-llinif nun in Kimthm t^tr »} Im. nr .1/ 1- nwinu It il^ -n|i'ri<>r i(n>tlity nml • tirlh-nl 1 oiiiliiinn, • h< i|i. 1 than tht' fnr.ai'nU wlnt'li hvi- irnr« (ii{o |.|i< < \i<'riir ■ id llir hntd. Willi ^u.li n \.iluiild<' liain hi- . kn-iin-tl liv n iniiintt I ili.a Im.. nuM lin<< II \i-iir« In run. hut lahiiMi rmild. withimt niiit-r. h • tiTiniimttd hjr th<' '^t<.-n t irv nf th<' Tn'OKury fnr vn»%r, tt arnnld indrrd If ■ miriilji |H>lli'|r umhIm' |>art of lln < nin|tiint lu llnVltl^t on lln* iiil|inljitiniit n| tin lonlnn:!." ■Ml I III-* h. iA|ilaim'il ill lln- iviilmr,* WUnv lln- ('(inui*"'-<'"iial t*iminiil(i'i', pp. 77, ItM, Id,'. uihI ILM, wlii't'' till' ('Minptniv is mIhiwii imt t'> Imvr laki'ii tin- lull ipmla in Iwn yt'aivt ; — Std hniiMt' «'i- inuld not ui't i-notiKh Mrnl-, Iml lir jiu-r tin- m,iik. p. lil.t 1 12^•v\\^^^^U in tin- soivi't-.t llui r<»iu|iiiiiy. ir|ioit<'<), in Istt!*, to tin* SjifakiT it\' \\\*' llnusi* ul' Iif)ii-r«i-ii(ali\*v>«. Mr. Illaiiit- (II. \l Kx. " 'Dm- iiiiiiilx r itf ftkiiit ihut may Ih- M'liirnl, l>owrv*-r, iliiKtU ii>il lie ukfii .1% i)i< i-nti-rinii 011 wlinh in fix fit.- Iiimi ,f i|,r jriMrh m/rA. tiiil nlh* 1 Itii- «l innhil |)r.ir< llnl iit|tlr( ilir Hiitiinti iii.iitiit;i-tn<'i(i n iitiirli liiit;rr iiiiniWrr wa* Kirurtiuit'a kil)i* .t(i-i\ ili*|wi*itl tif, 'I'lm^ in lHti,\ tlir •UuKhIrr li»il tH-«'ii niiiiim'txl for • mif yrnn Miltioiit riifnc*! ^» ll>c ninrhvt, tin itn tinulnliiMi nl .'«iM),iMii» ^kiii* w t« It'initl m i)|.- ■ iitntinuM*" ■•» ihr i»tHiiil4. 7*«i.i>Ura mn wiirllilt- li«<'n chitlrtl. nl ■ ilm 'titi r i,itll<* xUniM II ili-.l. A tt-m ■ ihtht pr At trti'i'itl IliMit -inrt* lint tl>iti tin- tmirltrt lii< iMly 111 ilii> trMn*r< .- uf \U>k;i i<> tlif t inir M.ti- wt'D' Worth III I. union oiitv I ilo|. 'HI I-. |o ^ iloll,ir-> «m\ tlir Kii««inn> Xnirfl. ni Oi.l I.: irli('« Ml Sill Ki It Ilir llliirol tin- Ir.llflrr. «i ft» irnN t>> 1 ilol. mil in*iith> iriii m |iii>' lli ■lUkiti. ' I'tl'Mlll ■'•tl tit ofHtintii; iiimI tr:iii"|Miiiiiit; tliiiii tii llti«( I'lU. Soon nllrrwtirili, lioorttr, rur>>i'iil Kiiriionl< Iximiim' fjii>liion.iiil>- ni I- ur»|M-, 4111) in tb rf |H-iiaiton lliat llir ii»imt »»|>|'l> wonlil Ir • nl off In nafton nl lln- irnnvftr ol Mn*ka. |iri< rt:iM<0) of ilcril* r« more tlmii ;;MM,it)M) tkn i-rr laki II liy iIh ttiri |vr ioIiimU th iKiiH, lO.il tli<- l^iiiiloh I no li.tn tli «|iitri| to .1 In 1 ilolUr^ |ii'r »kM \>\ tlt-alrr^ tn I<«miJoii miti' ihrott n u|i m iIk- ii(;irk< I, 1 «nrtirtrnl ■tint lo jtjv tin ti.' n-itlwiil. 'I1ir r.nniti- r uf r.i'r >kiMH now n|*i tlu jH,r(ir« ri>i;E)t:Ml in I'tv *mi>iiii •. mt i^.- uft*iiri''t titil ll IIm- r»w nklli* ifin lirtrlc i-I.hmU roii'il li>iil), I.I t-la|<*<' l»rft)tr ll r tl'iniln toHt r iH-fiii. rt.iilioii Im'SIM*. Ntll . rktt t- itol ll •« lli;in :i.'t ).(MHI, >itini|i< trti lliil *-mi ml y.irt 1 till' |ili h'mhi- Ihr |»ri-»rnl rnti-, if imiir.l tin- lafK' *i(r|i|il* of l il Im-< Iii'I'Ii «Iiii\mi lliat lln' liclil -',i\[ llll'i\i>>: I'lil till' \Miiii|i'il'iil jiiiiiliii iIm'Iii'm III' lliii Knil ii liiiliiri -i< li liiilurally Irinl- I' llir ■M'll'- iii-'liiiir. I'l. ulii-ii iiiilxi'li', I'l Miittrr llrfrii'in I' j.. iiiaili- III Mil' kilii r-\tli.ili"4 ali'l sliaik^ 1;. \:^ IK. ■s;!, mil r I si S.' Ml. |i. r Mill |i| I ||||',■ll•^'••hlllal I '1111111111111 ISMS): I. X". '"^T ll! A|i)ii'iiili\ 111 till' -aiiii' iliM'iiiifi'iil ; al>ii |i. :!'i'.l iif Kviilviin- U'(i,r. |iiiUII 111 \ li'W lull III Mil' iiiilliil r||riili|'<« llii> ti'sllIlM Wiilllil III' --11 i'lilili'l\ III iMViiill III llli' I ' ' Sliili'"., iiliil >ii rii|ii|i|i'li'l\ ii|i|iiiti'i| III iliii iiili'ii'slK iiinl iiiitiiial li'jlil < 111' i-ili^i'iiH of nil nlln'l ki'IhIM' I lint it i'l |iri'|iii'.si' tjiiii ' III ll a nil nil' III' |iriiti'i limi nl iIu'M' aiiiiiiiiN i an In' iiiaiiitiii.ii -I Sliili'ii li|ii|l\. til" |ii".i|iiiii 111' till' I'liili'il ."-tati'i ill till' niattri a|i|iiai-< In lir Im-nl mi tln' I'i' ' illii\>in<.. Ini a ninni'V i iili-nlrlalinn, tlir •^lailKlit.'l 111 till' liiiivililillil |in«>ili|i' lilinilx'r n| ki'IiU riiliil'Ulil'l with till' iniiliiiiii'ii i>\i' , in milii lliiil tlilH iniinl'i •liiill lint Ih' h'uiiiril, till vi'iitiinj I" til 111' |ii'rillitlri| I'licwhi'ii'. 451 Slid) nil iljiiiiau|illull fuu Ihi UiMil, ill llii- cine, nii iillt iM iitloM uii \\ •<( L«ii '^1, II lid . I. Tliill Ui'lirj|i;i'> Sen in II n'liii ilnibiiUM. J. TIml I mil mill iviiv Iiii-m'IiI Ih tin- 1i|ii|h'1IV hI'IIh- I'liilfil Sl:ilr>. Itiitli cluiiiiA liaM- Uvii Tujulii III uiti' loiiii III' i>lllL*l, Uil iinilliiir hik>, «i liii im I Ikiiiiu, I)ih-u uMh I.iIIn 'nllillllall'll Till' lirnl i> H|iii|>l\ ili-.|ih,\i ,| In llii' ■ji'>' I ■iivniiliiriit ulil'll iIiIn '«'it Mil'- liralK tillitiiiiiilt-il .\ llii^siaii liTlilniv, mill l>\ llii' fill I tliat rnnii !S|l' 'n tin' ilatc i>t' llii' |iiiii'liaM' nl Alail.a tWi'U xi I'liil'il Slali'n' mill iillii'i uli.ili-l'^t wi'li' iililiiially I'liua/t'il in Ittliiiliy - Sri. Il |i '■riU'ii'K |>isHili|i- lliiil .iii\ M'riiiiH iilli'iii|il will In iiiaili' Im ->ii|>|i<>i't tlii~i ronii'iiiinii. ( IIiiih lull << lli'>li'rv, vol vwiii. Alaska. > II W I lli'iil ^tlin writes: — 'I'lir fiir.»rn)« of .\lii»kn. iitlln iivrlt iini iimII.t iI fiiiinil i>i iliMlu lUU mill-* nn.ii fniiii lhti«' Mwkrt.''*. lh*liiMir« ihi'M'. )|44 Wi*ll t>rK4illrll lllltl Imimi lllrriiill. 1 IB tlio lilllllt.ll IImI tlic I xpliill kittrlil III |I||> lim' lirilti-l-t*. Ni* liif.il ..,,l„. f|llililtl<' all . I'Mlil IIh wIimI" IiuiI. mI )i'>i».ii'r it'>« lltMr.i'uliU ii|i|iri'riati'>l uriil I r*l.MHl Ml lit)- IV' .i«iiri il('f''ii'tiiM'iil. .mil Iiit4 iM'rn •liiiKiK til-' ifivc tnur n'ir«. ■• llu- ti' il )iirAtr« liivi* iral UUiiilt, |i. I.'i7.l Wiiivitli^ I'll till' liliillii'lil till- ^I'lier.tl iiliji rlioii wlili'li lull, lu' i,ii>i'i| |.i lliu I nriilOelllelll of .illi'll .1 I Ijile nil till' lli^'ll Mai, all I'llli il uliiili till' I'liiliil .'^lali"<. ill till- iiilricst III llie Aliuk.i II ale luiHiMl iiiav I.) Km I 'liii|ll'il .Ml Kllinll, ill I'ai I, llilllv'lr Ullli'i, nil till' N.lllle jill'.-e ( leli rrill'_' til llle llll-cllie III' U iiirp' i.ii.iiHiiiy ainl iri'iliitiii^ nlialile lelleal In llii»i' ml rilmu lU'i'l ill lli'lllili),''^ .^eal, llial 11 miilil iinl tall in a lew ilmrt >i.irK ill :li.' lav 'iliiii kimU 11^ In rallsi' llieii U'llliili.iu.il tiniii llie AlaKK.i Innkel'ii" l.'llilia, a xnliri'l' nl llllllnllliliil MllHinMli' lli'|l;li' fill II Mt, Kliiiilli. ' ha' UIUmI M-WIiW 4I|U Ici I'lhuillull ••WIrlvllt Bt¥i «slll«llll' m^isiic*. ' I'll lu'rfr nn mfiiiiii' lllilinir mi llir iin.tli-u 1 *1 r.Mnt. snil lis* III nil ll's slalelllellls limy ll.ilelniv Ih' uniMil Wll'l li">|Krl l|i' «llles: ' llir Ui'l tlui lliFS 'III* riir.»tl»i llu U'lr |iuti« III thr niwn iMsnit. nil |''ii« llir i-vijriiiti of rifry iir i>f llir '•f-.illliK i'Uilu, ll.r litilMln. mill 111) tiv II lii'laii.inl 'ilivrM ilriln llr. I'kwit ■.n« iIh' hrix il 1 mil iidiiill of llM|mlr. «... Il *ii'iii< iiM |ii'i |iMiU rtsi* III III) itiiiiil III aiiiiii'Mi iliit all Ilii* liiT-K'nU I'f llii S'irlli IVmlir i(ti In III. IV.inl.iy UltiiitU .i« In -upiiinr
        nii ii,iliiiali-.l .nlils • " 1 mil) ritiiftil, lliil I •iw It Inr fur >r.ll |iii|i Ml < .i|'i' rutur)', Ukiii Ikiiii itii nlil <(';tl Jil*l Itlllni, ili'iwili| llitl llir linm nf IiiiiikhiK ilii'in f"rili n;i* niai hi tuml." I 111 Ihise slateliii'iil ' -Ml Alien liinisell leiiialks . - • " Tlirn .ilnrn tlinie, lelit Ir.nn I In- |iiilh iiii|» *u^-j. •Iimis ins'li' liy .Mr. S.t.iii, irr nl *|iri'iii1 llilrn h| j» I'nilAriinilc lli.i-r mill . "•nil' \.Rr* «iri> liy rN|iti)iii llM.utt. uHil tilnsHlv brt> Itv rs'.inti'il 111 tins wnrL. Tin v •«-riti I'l ■linw lliii .11 li'.»*l n crrt'iin diiiiiIm r nf 'V'h'nU ri'imir I'l vrrliiilist |ilsi 1 !>, sintt'il III lln'ir iii'Tils, im Inr Aniiili .i« ilii' ItUliiili ul ('i|i'' Klnilvn. tn lirnig ftirili thrli itmnx." .Mi.ii <•;.. r,i.. ||i. Ill ;;.'. ;m.. Ml Kllinll, III' I mil .1, -Iniill) ileliies llie allllielllii'il.y III all these iilixervaliiilis, il In'jn^ Ul•^l'ssllr^ l> Ml III nl'iler In nniililllill IiIm i nlltelltinll lis In the n\\lielshi|i nl' llie I'lllleil Slnlis' ( iiiM'lliimiil. m \la-l.ii Km ('nni|inn\, as ihe ease niilV lie, in llie seals. II hiis rilllhi T )hi n niiell slateil llinl ill ' killill'.^ nl' I'lU'-seals III ihi n|ii'l| sea nil llle Nnllil I'.il i)lr I I ' II r'ilii|iaialiM'l\ iir>\t ile|iartiii" while il Is as a niiillei nl' lai., imii.illy leil.iiii ihal the I lull. in ^ ' iln v«liii|e hliLilh n| llml 1 nasi ha\e |illl-neil ami kllleil llie.e alilliiaN llnlfi llliie iiniiie llnlinl. .V, \,i|iii' III llie skills has hnwi'M'i'. niily nl late yeal^ heennie liilli klinwii ami a|i|i|ei'inleil, il i^ Ilv ilillii'lllt 111 iililain liillili tlllslwnllllN exiileme nl' llils wilhnill rnlislilel.ilih' leseiili h .■sniiie 1 III. Iinwever, lie ai'ilili ill Tliil^, l'a|il'iill Sliallllnli ilesenlieil llie liniile nf hiiniinv: seals m 1 aliiii .- {i>yi'il liy llie Imli.i.is nl VmienllM I Islmiil, ami n li'ls in ihe e,i|iliiie III' seals li\ ihi liiill.ili- nil ill,' 'Is 111 Kllea, where, he ailiN, liiey a|i|ie|ir •- s, , I,,., , ,.„!,„, „,rn tn llii' I.I Miii'i'li, mill m ni nr Ir-- niillllll 111) llll) nr VmuM Inn lliry otr 11111-1 iilriillllil In \iii it,,| ' IhiriHii (*>•> fn> MiniiMi * /iMinm i/rr*/« iiiiilu nil /'en limr lu •mdny n-'im Ihr VnilArr if'i// ^n.M/." |ii!.sj a M i 452 1.0(10 III iKI.'t to iNiit iif "••il-klii- nf Ukiii bj ilir iimifi" of Briti'h CiilanibK, tmnr j. .ir< .a mint » ■.'.mil)." VII, ,1. oil r,l.. p|i. ST.', iri. Ill ) riic |iiiilt'i liiiii iifllii' riii--iMls I'lniii (•\lfiiiiiii,iiiiiii li.is rnmi liiiii' III liiiii' Utii ■,) iri mii^jv ailvjiii.cil iiM it siiiliciiiii I'ni-iiii Ini cxiiwiinliiiaiv ilf|Mirtiiii-i riniii llii' rf.s|MTi iiMiiilly piiiil In piiviiii' |iiii|i(rly unit to illtrniiiliniial iIjIiIh; liiit iiny liluliclinM lui-o'il mi llic Irasr nf llic li|'i'('i|illx-:.:i<>>lllt,s iiC Inili .1 till If iinitli-wr.Hl I'liii.i'l. ii is inii' thai I'llaiii liiiiiilnT ■ if .Mi'llls ll^iW nil lIlc l'lill\lllV l^laiiil I'.tS i II all, a> riil'ililii; tn Kllioltl air i|c|i<'liilrlit nil I .>' '■ralil liiisiiirss Imi- >iilisisli'iii I', lull tlii-sf i>|aiii|s win- tininlialiili'il mIhii iiiKrnMTiMJ liy llir lliis-iaiis, wlm l>nii|n|ii ill, SI' )iin|.|c III re till ilu'ir own I'mivi'iiii-m i' {''miiIhi' s,,iiiIi almi;; llic i na-t iIh' iiali\is nf the Ali'illiin l-laiiils, nr till' Miiitl|.i'a''t I'nasl nf ,\la>kii, ami nf tin' iiiliri' rna>t nl' lliilisli i 'nliiiiiliiii linvc Ik'i'II, iilhi Imliaiis. ninl i> mie nf llie iialiiial iiiilii'-liies of the rii;is|. No ;i|lii.sii>ii iiciil lllluli' In ihe |i|es, |i|i|ive I i;;lll ~ nf lilt' \t hlle sealel^, ullirll aiv Weil kllnWII. Till' iili^miiiiliii-s I, f this |,riiii'i|i|e uf inii.eivalimi is •.Imwii liy «lial Iiiih m • iniiil in the Smil! ii-rii nnills|ihili' ill ies|ii( t In till' fiii'-sc.ils nf thai r. i,-iii|l. Alinill the lii".:illllill^' nf the eelilliry Vi'I\ imiiluilivr >. aliii'j '.jiniiniU exi^h'il in the Kalklitml NLiiiils. Ker^'iieleii IslaiiiU. (ieniuiali IslamN. tln' M'l'.st eiia-l nf I'.ila^nliiii, llllil lllilliy ntlier pliiees silllilally siliialeil, all nf wliii II weie ill the eniirM' nf ;i few year~ alnni'l alisii|,ilel\ >tri|i|iei| nf .-eals, .iiiil in many nf wliirh the aiiiii.al i- nnw iiiiiclii'iill) t'Xtiiiet. Tlii> ilesiiiK ii,iii nf the Miiiihein fiii-si'aliii'^ Innle ,va> imt eaiiseil hy |iiniiii«enmis .-eiliii;,' .it m'li. Iiiit entirely \>y hiinliii'^ np ami ai'iiiiml the !l:llli|s slunilil Ih' |iH'Venii,l II i. |,iiil,,ili|v iinl hei essarv fur this |ini]inse thai the killiin,' of seal.s on these isJuniU Kliniilil he iiiliiel\ |i|iihiliili'il. I'lnlh I'.lliiill ami ItiA.int shnw^ I lea.'tni. fill lielie\ 111^; ihni n l'"^' millllier of seals may lie killeil iiiiiiiialU wilhmil leiliieiiii; the lUi'lll^'e il^';,'lei„'ale lllllilliel ulii'll lilli liml siii'.ahli' l>ieei|in'.;urmiiiils mi these islaiiils. ami ,iller llie verv nii.al leilmtinii in niinilieis wliuli ili'i In nil ineleliielll seastiii aliolll ISIil'i (I'.lliotl). nl |S|L' ^itivailt), I le seals im li'.iseil M'H liipiilly n'.;uii, aiiil III a few years hii ii.' iieaily as iiiinievniis ii.s in IST.'i, when the Inlal 1 il er mi ll iiflilllilM was esliiiialeil al ii\er I.TlKI.Kdll. llV I Itv lelailiili',' all elhei'Mil loiitliil nf the iiiiiiilier nf seals to he killeil nil tho I'lilnlnv Is'iainls, .imi iMiii." lliis iiiinioer uiiew eaelf seasnii ill ni'eiinlame w itil eiriMli|s|ai|ies, the I'liileil Stall'." i^li Ih' (■iiM'riinii'lil will 111 ill a ]insiii,iii |,i iniiiileiail tl Heel nf ntlier eaiises leiiiliie.' In iliiiiin lllllilliel nf se.ils, v\ iiethir I'Mliialii m 11 siiliiii'j Irmii the killiir..; nf a Iai','er liMlilliel ,il sea. Tlnle i' n MUlll. llllil.r aliv eiti iimslaiiees lie .sn sinall lis In I'liil In eover the eiisl nf the ailliiiliisliiilinli .llei prnliilinll »( llie isl.iiiils. If ■.iieli a pnliey as lliis, liii.s|.il mi |||(> enliiliinli ililerests In the pleselA alimi nl' llie m'iiIs. ' ■ ■ " ■ ■ ■ lii lei Millil 111 llirlller nil. 'Ill' lellsilll In il|l|ilelli'll'' lllllt ihe lllllllller nf .sells wllli'll llli;,'lll thus he sahl^ l.illeil mi the isl, Hills le iiiln|p|i ll, il iiiijihl lie leasniiahle to iinf,.,. iT'm the |iiii|iiise nl sah'|^llil|iiili'„' the l-laliils linliee |iin [hlsi's) ihal the ,jlll isilielimi nf tile fliileil Slates in this mallei shmilii lie iiilllliU to some leali ili-laiiie than this usual one nf :! inariiie miles, ihnii<;li, as liei'essnry ilisliune v.milil iml he '.^leal. The sjiiiaiimi nf the I'rihyln',' jsliimls iHnl ihe halnls nf ihe seul liiL;i'llier eiiilse tlir |i J)|'eser\aliiin In he nlie nf exlieine siliijilieil v if a|i|iriiaelii'il finlii llii jiniiil nf view nf jilnteeliiill lliirlll el ll' ill ;illi uholll Ihe is!,i|ii|s, liiif one of \e|y;;real ilillli iilly if Inikeil at flnlii any olliei slamljinilll. Tlie Imi;; enli' ililii'il .iliil |i|e-liniii|i|\ iieeij'iile iiliseivalimis wliieh liilM' heeli liiaile mi the haliils nf the si'iils sli"» lhal illllile,' llie elit lie hleeilinn seii-n|i they lire Veryelnsely ennliiieil In the lliillieilillte sin les el lln' lileecliiii; |slaiii|s, ami U"'' iieilher ill arrivin;.^ iini ill iii'|iarliii'_' I'lmii these islniiils i|n liny foim m li""l- n|i|ieiir ln<.:e|lli'l' III slleh llllllll .-lelllallv lellinill mi 'linie lllirilin the entile lileeiilll;,' vmiii<4 fioiii time III I line for the wnt IS In rellller jilnllli.sl llmis ,s|,il|._;liler III sell jinsslllll I'Im er, ale ileseiilieil ns liai 11, while the fellliiles, ihniiyh leavlll;.' ill llililin the imineillate vielllll V nl' lln" -^"" JIIHl lieV I Ihe line nf surf Mveli ihe liailielnr seals ("Klllnll, ,. /I .(7. Jiji. |."i, lili/ /"' iiji. lit., |i. ;lSli|, whieli eiillsllliite 11 ilislliiel linily while nslinie ami nli' lint ai'lliall\ en;^n^'eil in hi'i'' Mien. nr jil'nleelim.' the \iilim;. nle salil In I'elmiili elnse tn I If. IniWi'Ver, iin\ seals ale In lie feilii'l (It this tiliie •„'nilin to or reMiriillio from Ihi! sea at smiie ilislaliee III III lillnl, these lielmij; In IM'' rhel, or eh'ss, wllli'll IS llie \erv I'liiss seleeli'il Im I lllliin li\ the fur t ■iiiii|iaiiv. he MHini: 4.i3 11 ill isnofiiiiv ■ ill,|\ llil\;ili. I'.l li- |irii|i«riy anil I iImv-i' iiiiimaU r the cNiMii, as )>riii<'i|ili', iiifl iiiiiiii miinUr I'M I aliiy li'lH-iilllS. wllll li.iliM'S III' till' I 'iiliiliiliia li'ivr Milllil Ik- UM|U^I I. Till' iiiiiiiir Mllirrllliilt ami liisimi i»-(il li ill lllr Snlllln'ril CIlllllV Vl'l\ iitli hiaiiili. llii' I III' iiillI'M' iif a iniw |iiai'lii'all\ l|li||> M'lllli;,' ,ll II iniilrrli'il in '•iilllli tii-il'iya» I'lllly |iiitriilllli'4 '■I'll I'ili inalkril ml llir iiiimln'r Willi till- liitui lily run ilrlinr." I nt till' Ill'-Sl'lll li".-iilatiiiii.'< aliil |il\t I lull llii.i h iitlii'i' iiiiiiilriii. ami" "liiMilil 1>' II tlll'SC i^ilUlll> iil; that a I.U';'' lllii'l u llji li ran llllllllirl^ ulmli iiuicaHi'il vi'ii Mlllllirr I'll ill'' |ii\ Isiaiiils, ;iiiii I'liili'il Stall* II iliiiiiiii>li till' 1. Till ir i< 11 ' ' isliimU w.'iilil. III |ii'i>|i'i'iiiiii III nil III' lllc ■'•I'lli''. I'lamls ami l»i llitlnl III t'Xll'lul llllllli'f nil. lllr liiliali .iftri' Icav ill;,' till' i^laiiils ill llif vi'iir nl' llu-ii Iml ■ III! Ii'tuili at ill nil .ittrr rciH'llill^ atnniv III tlii'ii lliii.l Alli'ii .'/-. I' MtJ\ Till' rviilrliri- iilitiiilU'il liV ('il|itiiili ItiMillt --liii^ -• lliat uliili' " -iiiajl ^^lullli" •'! >liiall ii'..ls a|i|>nrlill\' I mill - Ni'IiIm ulil i " arc niit with at lalt^" in ili'hiiii;;'''! .S'a iliiiili'.' .Iillv ami Alll^ilst, IIk i.ill-lililalili' lllimlKl-^ III' -rliiHil-i air tu in' liillllll lAlli'll, •'/' • i/.. \>. III.) Il i-- (liiH aiiji.iiriil llial till' |K'iii I I M'riiiitv III till- xiaN ai liially i'ii;,'a;^i il in liiriiliiiL: ami .'•inklit./ till ir \ null); may Ih' »i'iiiiri| wit limit I'Miinliii'.' tlir liiniN nl' |iriili'i'ti'lil iniMiiia I liisi'il liy |iiii"< ji lining |iiiint^ ." mi Irs "H I In- rMU'iiH' liraillumls ami iiilrt-* >'! tin- I'lilivlnv '^iniip. an I'll' ami illiniiji'ilinlialili' aii'.i nl' jimtrit nai ini'.'lit iir r>'iilill' llli'lilnr Illli--il>li' I'naliiiii- III Dniiiiiiir nn .liiaii h'ri'ii.iiiiii'/ Nlaiiii in liiill ill- ll 11' intirinatinii nl' iIk' lai 1 iliit iIh- iinmial'* j.'ii uiilv fni- a \iiy -limt ili-^taini' fimii l.iiiii iliiiiii;; tin' lui'i'iliiij.' sfa-^mi. i-mii \« In 11 in imin" iiki; iillilmli' till' si inri' Haiiiiiii I wiiti'" : - Ilrri' iri' nluaj « Iliiiii*i4iiil>, I iii.|{ltf %jy pifailily niilliiiii^ nl iIh'Iii, i itlr-r "iltilli; nil lli' li.i\< ttr umiiK an|jiyii)g uiiil kittiiiiii:; tii'titiiltr-; /iir m mile 'tf /.ro f,(„« Ihr i*»r,-." ," .\ Srif V.iin-/,' Kouiiil lli<- Wiiriil. ' irn.'? ; ijiiniia liy .Mini, . nl.. |i. .1]|.) Tlll->i' I'MiKi ril "■ lllVi'. liki' ntlll'IS III till' "nlltll, Imi-ii jii||n sluri lll'| ilitri I al|i| aliallllnln i|. Tiii' 1 111 illlislailii' lli.it till- rrlliali' I'iir-si'al Ihtiiiiiis |i|i';;iianl W itiiili a Ii'W i| ;\ » allnl tlin liiltli nl" III'.', 'iml llial till' |iiiiiii| III' j;i'»latiii|i i- m-iily Iwi-Kr inniitli-i. witli llir larl that tlm --kills an- at all tiiiii'" lit Inr iiiarki'l (tliiiii:,'li lur a fi'W weeks, i-Mi'miiii'' IVi'iii till' III •I Aiiu'ii^t In till- i-ml of >-|i|i llllirl, illllin;,' till' |i|n'.'ri- llial tin II' is mi iialni'il lia-is lur 11 ilnse ll' llie >lii'i|iliii),' ami ii-m-wal nf tin- ln|i;;i-i Iiaii, llii-\ an- nl aliie) .--easiiii ;.'i in-r.iliv a|i|ilii-,ilil'-. 'I'liil^, ^liiiiiM any i-Ioim? ■nil Im' ailMiiateil, its leii'.'tli ami tlm lime nf Vi'iir 11111111;.' u liii li it -liall ni'i lir call I'llly In ili'tellililieil lll.ltli I 111' I nllVelliem e ami lie nl' the nature nl' 1. 1 iiUHiriillli>i' lletWiell the \aliilUs illtelesls lllMiKi'll. • |ii-la'.;ii- lialiils 111' the >eals ilniin;; fully si\ inniiths nf eai-h year, ami the I'lii-l that lliey are iliiiiii;; I'lllile \\ inter seasiill wi.ji-lv ilisjierseil iiVer the l',lritii', rnlistitllti- .1 niillll'.il iml llliaMiiilalili- rliDUt nil. It is thus iiiilv |iiiss|lil|., ( I'lilil a eniiilm -n iai |iiiint nf view, tn kill the scaU iliirinn tlie |ieriiiii iiMlieji a|i|iiii\iliiati' rniii'i-iitralinii fnr luiniatinli nr » Inn in liihiiii;; s Sea. This is llii' |H'iiiiil li.xeil i'\ N.itnie liiiriii;; whii ll --eaK may lie l.ikeii, .iml any artilieial 1 Inse Neiisnii 1 an U; efl'ertive mily if .i|i|iiieil In till- fiiitlii'i I'liilailnii'iit nf llie liliie at wliii'li it IS |iiiisilili' 111 lany nil the tishi'iy ll may in' assiinnil, llnieriiie, as sinh a ilnsiiile. ll is thus iiii|niitaiil llial the .sea';,'iiili^,' scalern '•linillil at least have all ei|U.il \niie ill the liiatl>-r nf the time ami illlialinll nf a I'liise |ii-linil if siii ll "limilil I iiliteinpliUeil. Miinh :,, IH',HI, (.Si.'iiei (;i-:ni;i;r. m h.wvsiin .No. -.yj-J. ISir .1. I'liiiiirrtiilf In llir Miiniiiis of Snlishurii. — ( lifirircil .Ijiiil "JC.) Crclciiiniiliicl Wnshiinilnii, .l/i/z/'JC. 1890, I II.WI'j roccivcd the iiiii«>ii(liiu-tits |)rii|i(l liy t lie CiiiiiKliiiii (iiivcriiiiieiit in my III'"' ilriil'l I'oiivoiilinii n-fiTriMl to in iny iKs|mtoli ot' llio lltli iiistaiit. I iimposo to siihiiiit llic tlriil't Cotivciitioi! to the ( 'onriTciici' on 'I'lii'siiay, «ith tlit- aiiit'iiiinioDts, iink'ss your [ionlslii)i iiislnirlH mo fithcrwiso. No. 32:3. Sir ,/, I'liiinn-J'iitf tn tlir Miirqnis nf Stilislnirii, — (Itrreivvd .Ipril .'(0.) (Tolciri-iipliic.) U'lisliiiiijinn, .tpiil :W, \H\)0. I II.WI'; .sent (lie (IriiR Convontioii to Mr, MLiir.c, with ii le'liv siipportiiin- our iniiiilor-propo^ii'. I Hoiit yoiir I ii.iilsliip copies by po.st jestenliiy. ••i IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 Ifl^ 1^ I.I 1.25 - 6" ill 1.8 U lilll.6 % ^. /a n y7 ^% ■^# '? 7 Photographic Sciences Corporation 73 WKT MAI>^ STRKT WSfiTER.NY. 14580 (716) 8724503 Vj h \\ A^ iui No. 32*. Sir J. Paimcefot/f tO' Ihe Marquis of Salisbtm/.— ^(Received May 5.) My LoiJ, Washimjton, April 25, 1S!)0. • IX obedience to jour Lor>Khip's instructions conveyed to me in your telegram of tlie 15th March, 1 have the honour to inform you that I commu that the Canadian Government desire tiiat I should endeavour to assess the amount of dania;;es with Mr. Blaine, but that tiiey would prcfi'v a modification of the procedure suggested on the ])roposed reference to arbitration. I have the honour to request that I may be informed whether your Lordslii[i approves of the modification in .Mr. Blaine's proposal suggested by the Canadian Govern- ment, and, if so. whether I am authorized to accept that proposal as so modified on belialt' of Her iVIajesty's Government. r have, &c. (Signed) JULIAN PAUNCEFOTE. Inclosure in No. ;i24. ^^r. Tupper to Sir J. Pnitucpfole. Dear Sir .lulian Pauncefotc, IViixhimjtnn, April ID. 18110. REFERRING to the copies of your despatches of the 7tli and 11th Febniiuy, addressed to Lord Salisbury, and which you handed to me, I have now to inform you that during my visit to Ottawa I discussed with my colleagues the subject to wliicli tliey refer. In the despntch of the 7th February you say Mr. Maine was willing "to cxamiui' and assess the damages with me on the same principle as if the liability of his Govern- ment were admitted, then to refer the question of liability to some eminent jurisconsult for decision on written statements and answers submitted by the two Governments respectively. It will be agreeable to the Canadian Government that you should endeavour to assess the amount of damages with Mr. Blaine. Touching Mr. iJlaine's proposal for ascertaining the liability, my colleagues think that it would lie preferable to the mode suggested that a statement of the ease should he made, setting out all the facts connected with the action of the Revenue cutters of thr United States concerning Canadian sealing-\essels, their crews, cargoes, papers, &('., in Behring's Sea, and tiie (]uestion jjiopouiuled ujton such a statement should be whetiici' the conduct o{' the United State* in the premiHos was jusiifiahle uiuler the principles of international or natural Jaw. The (juestion "on written statenieuts and an.swers Hubniitted by the Governments respectively " slionld be sul)iiiitteil to Iwo eminent .liulges, one to be, say. the Chiel' Justice of the United Slates, the oilier an eminent member of the I'iiiglish Judiciary, in be named by the British (Jovernment. Yours, &e. (Signed) Cil. 11. TUPPEH. No. 325. Forri(/ii (ijfirf lo L'ohniittl OJ/irr. Sir, 'lAirni/ii ()(/iir. Muij o, t-'"'. WITH rei'en'nee to your letter of the Htli March \aA. I 'nin divec'led by th.' Mnrcjuis of Snlisbury to transmil herewilb a copy of a despiileli from Ib'r Mii|('>lys Minister at Wasliington,* inclosing a copy of a h'tter addressed to him by .Mr. Tn|>|KT. explaining the views of the Dominion (iovcrnnuni as to (lu> i)r(U'ediire to he followcil in • Nu. a '.'4. 455 tlie proposed assessment of damages claimed on behalf of the owners of the British vessels seized in Behring's Sea. I am to request that, in laying this letter before Secretary Lord Knutsford, you will move iiim to furnish Lord Salisbury with any observations he may have to offer in regard to the niodific.itions in Mr. Blaine's proposal suggested by the Canadian Government. I am, &c. (Signed) P. CURRIE. No. 320. Sir ./. Paunv.t'fnic to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Itecdved Mai/ 8.) My Ijord, Washington, April 29, 1890. WITH reference to my despatch of the 11th instant, I have tlie honour to inclose copy of a letter which I have this day addressed to Mr. Blaine, inclosing the Jratt of a Convention which I have prepared for the settlement of the Behring's Sea Fislieries question, and which has the approval of the Canadian Government. 1 have, &c. (Signed) JULLVN PAUNCEFOTE. Inclosurc 1 in No. 32*5. Sir J. Paunccfolr lo Mr, lilninc. Dear Mr. Blaine, IVashimjton, April 29, 1890. AT the last sitting of the Conference on the Behring's Sea Fisheries question you expressed doubts, after reading the iMomorandum of the Canadian Minister of Marine iiiul I'isiieries, which by your courtesy has since been printed, Avhether any arrangement I'ould be arrived at that would be satisfactory to C^anada. Von observed that the proposal of the I'nited States had now been two years before Her Jlajesty's Government, that there was nothing further to urge in su[)port of it, and you invited me to make a counter-proposal on your behalf. To that task 1 have most earnestly applied myself, iind \\hile fully sensible of its great diiliculty, owing to the conflict of opinion end of testimony wiiich has numifested itself in the course of our tliscussions, I do not despair of arriving at a solution wliich will be satisfactory to all tiie • iovernments concerned. It has been admitted from the connnencement that the sole iiliject of the negotiation is tlie preservation vi' the fur-seal species for the benefit of mankind, and that no considerations of advantage to any particular nation or of benefit t'l any private interest should enter into the (|uesiion. Such being the basis of negotiation, it would be strange, indeed, if we should fail to devise the means of solving tlie didiculties which have unforlimalely arisen. I will inocced to explain by what method this result can, in my judgment, be attained. Tiie :;i\'at divergence of views wliich I'.xists as to whether any restrictions on jielagic sealing iiro necessary for the preservation of the fur-seal s|iecies, and, if so, as to the character mill extent of such restrictions, render it impossible, in my o|)inion, to arrive at any >oliition which would satisfy public opinion either in ('iiniidn or threat I5ritain, or in any I'liuntry which may \h' invited to accede to the proponed anangement. without a full iiii|niiy b\ a Mixed Commission of I'^xperts. the result of whose labours and investigations ill the region of the seal fishery would jirobably dispose of all the points in dispute. As regards the immediate necessities of the case, 1 am prepared to recommend to my (ioverniiient, for their approval and acceptance, certain measures of precaidion which iiiii;lit be adopted provisionally and without prejutlico to the ultimate decision on the points to be investigated by the Commission. These mensures, which 1 will ex])lain later nil, would elleclually remove all reasonable apprehension of any depletion of the fur-seal aperies, at all events ]iending tlie Report of the Comiiiissi(ui. It is important in Ibis relation to note that while it has been contended on the [larl •>l iiie United Stales' (loveriimenl that the depletion of the fur-seal species 1ms already ''oiiinieiiced, and even that the extermination of the species is threatened within a iiK'nsurable space of time, the latest Reports of ihe United Stales' Agent, Mr. Tingle, uv such as to dissipate all such alarms, Mr. Tingle, in 18S7, reported that the vast number of seals was on Ihe incronse.. I'lul timt the condition of all the rookeries could not bo better. 4,50 In liis later IJoport, dated the Slst July, 1888, he wrote as Follows : — " I am happy to be aMe to report tiiat, although late landing-, the breeding rookeries are Kllod out to the lines of measurement heretofore made, and some of them much beyond those lines, showing conclusively that seal life is not being depleted, but is fully up to the estimate given in my Report of 18S7." Mr. {"llliot, who is frequently appciiled to as a great authority on the subject, affirms that sm'h is the natural increase of the fur-seal species that those animals, were they not ))r<\ved upon by killer-v iiales {Orca r/ladiator), sharks, and other sul)niarine fi)c», would multiply to such an extent tiiat " 15ehring's Sea itself could not contain them." The Hcuiourable Mr. Tupper has shown in his j\[emorandum that the destruction of seals caused by pelagic sealing is insigniticani in comparison with that caused by their natural enemies ; and he gives figures exhibiting the marvellims increasi- of senls in spite of the depredations comphiined of. Again, the destructive nature of tiie modes of killing seals by s])ears and fire-arms has apparently been greatly exaggerated, as may be seen from the affidavits of practical seal-hunters which 1 annex to this letter,* togetiicr with a confirmatory extract from a paper upon the " l''ur Seal Fisheries of the Pacific Coast and Alaska," prepared and publislied in San Francisco, and designed for the information of l^astern United States' Senators and Congressmen. The Canadian Government estimate the percentage of seals so wounded or killed and not recovered at (i per cent. In view of the facts above stated, it is improbable that pending the result of the inquiry which f have suggested any appreciable diminution of the fur-seal species should take place, even if the existing conditions of pelagic sealing were; to remain unchanged. lint in order to quiet ail apprehension on that score 1 would propose the following provisional IJegulations : - 1. 'I'iiat pelagic sealing should be prohibited in the IJehring's Sea, the Sea of Ochotsk, and the adjoining waters, during the months of i\ray and June, and the niontlis of October. November, and December, which may be termed the "migration periods" of the fur-seal. 2. That all sealing-vessels should be prohibited from approaching the breeding islands within a radius of 10 miles. Tliose i?egulations would put a stop to the two practices complained of as tendi. ^' to exterminate tlie species; (1) the slaughter of female seals with young during migration period-^, " es[)ecialiy in tiie narrow passes of the Aleutian islands; (2) the destruction of i'eniale seals by marauders snrrei)titiously landing on the breeding islands under cin er of ihi" dense fogs which almost continuously prevail in that locality diu'ing the summer. My. 'J'aylor, another Agent of the United States' Government, assorts that the female seals (called '• cows") go out from the breeding islands every day for food. The foHowing is an extract from his evidence. "The cows go 10 and 1.1 miles, and even lin'ther — \ do not know the average of it — and they are going and coming all the morning and evening. The sea is black with them round aljout the islands. If there is a little log, and they get out half-a-ioile from shore, wi- cannot see a vessel lOi) yards even. The vessels themselves lay around tlie islands there, where they ])ick up a good many seal, and there is where tlie killing of cows occurs when tlu-y go ashore.' "Wlicther the female seals go any distance from the islands in (pie.st of food, and, if so, to what distance, are tpiestions in dispute. Hut, pending their solution, the Regulation which I proposi' against the ajjproacli of sealing-vessels within ]() miles of the islands tor the ))revention of surreptitious landing practically meets Mr. Taylor's complaint, be it well founded or not, to (he fullest extent; for, owing to the prevaleiu'c of fogs, the risk of capture within a radius of f(i miles will keep vessels off at a much '.rreater distance. i'liis Regulation, if accepled l)y Her .Majesty's Government, would certainly manifest a friendly desire on their part to co-operate with your Government and that of Russia in tiie protection of their rookeries, and in tlio prevention of any violation of the Laws applicable thereto. 1 have the honour to inclose the draft of a I'rcliminary Convention which 1 have prepared, i)ro\ iding for the appointment of a Mixed C!ommission, who are to report on certain specified questions within two years. The draft embodies the temporary Regulations above described, together with other clauses which ajipear to me necessary to give proper efl'ect to them. Although I believe that it would he sufticient during the " migration periods " to Sec Appendix 1 in Colonial OlUce lettor of November 30, 1880, pp. a35-3S7. 457 prevent all sealin2,' within ii spcciiied distiinco from the passes o!' lliu Aleutian Islands, I have, out of deference to your views and (o the wishes of the iLiissiim i\Iinister, adopted the fishery line descrihed in .'vrlicle V, and which was sugi^'csted by you at llio (iiitset of our ne^^otiation. The draft, of course, contemplates the conclusion of a furtlier Conventi^jn, iiftcr lull I'Xiiinination of tiie JJcport of the !\Iixed Commission. It also makes ])rovision for the iillir.iale liettlenient by arl)itr;ition of any dilTerences which the Report oi' the Commission may ;-li]l I'ail to adjust, whereljy the important el'Mr.ent of linality is secur(.Hl ; and in order to -^ive to the proposed arran;;-enient the widest internatioiial l)asis. tlie draft ijrovides tiiat the other Powers shall he invited to accede to it. 'i'he above proposals are, of course, submitted (id rrfcrrndiini, and it only now remains foi' n.ie to commend them to jour favourable consideration and to that of the Russian Minister. They have been framed by me in a spirit of justice and conciliation, and w ith ihe nm.i earnest (le.--ire to terminale tiu' co!itrovi;r-y in a manner lionouiablo to all parties, iuid uorthv of the three yrcat nations concerned. I have, &c. (Si-ned) JULIAN PAUNCEFOTJi. luclosure l' in No. '-iQij. Tui; Xor.TU A.viKnicvx Sem- Fisiihuy CoNvrNTiox. Driit'l doin-enlion lirl'iu'rii Grriit Jii-ilaiii, Ru.^.-irovi»ic)n:il ],uule uiulcr Article VIII, shnll, together with her apjmrel, eciuipment, and contents, be eguttiioiis. ]j,^),]^, |„ forfeiture and confiscation, and the master and crew of such vessel, and every person belonging thereto, shall be liable to fine and imprisonment. ARTICfiE X. Helmrf for I'^verv such oflcndiug vessel or person may be seized and detained by the naval or bieacli of other iluly commissioned oilieers of any of the I ligli Conlracliiig Parlies, but they shall provisidiril jjg handed over as soon as pnictieahle to tlie authorities of the nalioii to wliicli tliey lU'iruliiiiuns. vj.H])cotively belong, wlio shall alone have jurisdiction lo try the offence and inipose the 1 niil of penalties for the siime. The witnesses ami jirool's necessary to establisli the olleiice shall also be sent witii tlieni,aiid the (^onrt adjudiealiii'r upon llie ca.se may order such portion of the tines imposetl, or of the proceeds of the condemned vessel, to l)e applied in payment of the cvpensea occasioned tiicreby. 4B9 ARTICLE Xr. This Convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be cxchaTiged at Ratification, in six months from the date thereof, or sooner if possible, ft shall lake effect on such Commence- day as shall be aj^reed upon by the Hi,en, by a reference to an umpire to be selected by the two .Judges iiefori' tiie arbitra- tion is coMunenced. AVith reuard to the (luestiou to he submitted to the iiiliiuators, Ijord Knutsford would suggesi that Jler Miijesty's Go\ernnieiit should deiiiecale the cuiiFloyun'nl of so viiuue and elastic a term as "■iiatiual law." I am to point out, also, thai Mr. illaine, in the ('ou\('rsalion with Sir J. I^unu'clote rejiorled in the hitler's despafeli of the Till l''ebruary last, stated that no istablishcil prineipli's of internMlional law would be in dispute, and he would probably object, tlierefi)r(!, to a specilic relerencc to iuternat.oual law. ll .ipi)eais to Ijord Knutsford also to deserve coiisideration whetlu'r .Mr. Tiipprr's pniiosrd form ol' one-'tion does iint narrow ratlier than exterul the ian;;i' of acts for «liiih the L'nitt'd Stfites siionld be h<'lii rcspousililc, us it is not ini|io.-silili> that, by iiii;('iiions avginncnt. tlie arbitrators miyht be persiiiulod that proceed ii\i'.s otlierwisj not jiisliHalile were excusable under some alleged (hiclrine of internalioniil law. I. Old Knutsford is di-jiosed, Iheretore, to prefer the broader teinis of relvrenee si'giiested l)y iMr. IJlaine in the Memorandum which be eonimunicaled lo Sir. I. I'ainicerole oil tlie 11th Kehnutry last, namely, whether, under the circumstances exisl'ng at th(i tini ihc United Stales' (Jovernnuiit wa^ justilied in arresting and detiiiniiig llic vessels thai entered the lUdiring's Sea for the purpose of killing fur-seals in the open sea. This would not prevent Her Majesty's (Joveruinent from invoking the jirinciples of inter- national law against tlio United States' action, as indeed it is proposed to do in tlie reply H'J?'] .'5 N '2 460 to lie given to Mr. Blaine's note of the 22ud January, setting forth the groumls upon which he rests the justilication of the seiz' .os. f ;ini to ohserve, further, that Mr. Tupper does not say in his letter whether the Dominion Oovornmcnt arc willing that the question of the iiniount of the damages, in the event of ]\Ir. 151. -ne and Sir .J. raunccibto failing to agree, should he referred to the ar])itrators to hv s: .ectcd to determiuo the (jiuestion of the lialnlity of the United States. Lord Knutsford would suggest, for I^ord Sahshury's consideration, that Sir J, Pauncefotf should he desired to communicate with Mr. Tupper as to tiic points raised in this letter hcfore sul)niitting the matter to I lie Tuited States' Government. I am, &c. (Signed) JOHN EKA^ISTOX. Xo. ;^:.'S. T/ie Marquis of Salishiirii to Sir .7. Paimcrfote. (Telegraphic.) Forriyn Office, Mui) S, 1890. WHAT reception has ]Mr. iJlaine given to the propos;ds embodied in the draft Convention f,)r reguhiling the IJehring's Sea fur-seal lisheries wliich was sent home in your dcspatcii of tiic :.".)th ultimo ? ller ]\Iajest\ 's Oovernment would he glad to be kept informed by telegraph of any advance in the negotiations. No. iV29. .*/;■ ./. P'lunfcfotc !() the }.Iar(inis of Salisbiirij.—{Rerrire?'.)(». [ IIAA'^E received your tlespalch of (lie "iDtli ultimo, covering copy of a nolo in which you sul)nutted to Mr. F)laine the draft Convention, wiiicli lias been ;;))pn)ved liy tlie Govcninient of (^anada, for llie settlement of the Hehring's Sea Fisheries f|iifstion, as well as a copy of the draft Convention itself. Tlie terms of your note are approved by Her Majesty's Govermnenl. I am, &c. (Signed) SALISHUKY. Ao. 3;];3. Sir J. Piiunci'folc to the }fiir(iiiis of Snllslinri/. — (lirrcirnl \fiiii \ \.) (T('legra|diic.) , Washitujlon, Maij LI, ISDO. WITH reference to my telegram of the 8th instant, Mr. IJlaine lias informed mc that he will send me a eoinimmication before the end of the week, in which he will exjiliiin why the United States' Government are unable to accept my draft Convention in its present shcape. He told me, however, at tlie same time, thai lie tliougiit a iiasis of airangement was offered by my proposal which he was in hones would lead to a settle- ment of the question. Xo. oM. Sir J. Pniincefote to lh<> Marquis of Saiisliurjj. — {Reci'ivect Maii \ 1.) fT(•l(•gl^•l)dli(^) Wuxiiiiujion, Mini H, 18'.)<). AS to compensation for damages referred to in your jjordship's telegram of the Otli instant, I liavc prepared, after discussion with .Mr. Tup[)er, a draft Arbitration .Vgree- iiiont on the basis of your Lordsliip's instructions. Mr. Tuppcr will to-morrow take a copy of it lo Ottawa for the approval of the Canadian Government, and should his further services be rc(juiretl here, will return innncdiatcly. .As soon as I receive the reply of the Canadian Government, \ will forward coi»y to yiMir Ijordship. Proposal for arbitrators and umpire will be agreed to by Mr. Blaine. No. 33C. Sir J. Pauncpfote to flic Mnrqiii* of Salinbury. — {Received Minj 14.) (Tflegraphic.) Washimjlon, May 11, 1800. MR. TUPPER did not leave for Ottawa as slated in my telegram of the lltb instant. Draft Agreement wn.s sent there by post instead of being taken by him. 482 No. 330. The Marqul.i of Salishuri/ to fe'ir J. Pauncefolv. Sir, Foreiijn Office, May 22, 1890. I RECEIVED in due course your despatch of tlie •I^tHl January,* inclosiiifj copy of Mr. Blaine's note; of the 22nd of tliat month, in answer to the protest made on behalf of Her Majesty's (Jovernment on the 12th October last against the seizure of Canadian vessels by the United States' Revenue-cutter " Rush " in Behrings Si'a. The importance of the suliject necessitated a reference to the Crovcrninent of Canada, and sonic time elapsed i)eforc tlieir reply reached Her Majesty's novernnient. The negotiations which luivc taken plai'c between Mr. Blaine and your>elf aiford stron;; reason to bo))e that the dilficnlties attending this question are in a fair way towards aa adjustment «liicli will l)e satisfactory to both Governments. [ think it riglit, however, to place on record, as brieHy as possible, the view^s of Her Majesty's (Tovernmcnt on tlie principal nrgiimeuts brought forward on behalf of the United States. Mr. Blaine's note defends the acts complained of by Her Majesty's Government on the following grounds: -• 1. Tliat " the Canadian vessels arrested and detained in the Behring's Sea were engaged in a pursuit tlipt is in itself rontra bonos ninres — a jjursuit whicli of neces-iity involves a serious and permanent injury to the rigiits of the Government and people of the United States." 'J. That th(! fislierics had been in the undisturbed possession, and under the exclusive control, of Russia fnmi their discovery until the cession of Alaska to the United States in 1S(J7, and that from this d.ite onwards until 1-'ow, the pursuit of seals in il.e ojien sea, under whatever circumstances, has never hitherto liecn considered as piracy by any civilized State. Tsor, even if the United States had gone so far as to make the killing of fur-seals piracy by their Municipal • No. 272. 463 verntnent on Law, would this have justiticd them in punishing offences against sucli Law committed by any persons other than their own citizens outside the territorial jurisdiction of the United States. Ir the case of the Slave Trade, a practice which the civilized world has agreed to look upon with ahhorronce, the right of arresting the vessels of anotiier country is exorcisi'd only by special international agreement, and no one Government has been allowed that general control of morals in this respect which Mr. lilaine claims on behalf lit ilie United Slates in regard of seal-hunting. But Her jMajesty's tiovernment must (|uestion whether this pursuit can of itself he leirardiMl as rnntni lionos mores, unless and until, for special reasons, it lias i)een i:i;nH'd l)y internalional arrangement to forbid it. Fur-seals are indisputably animals ftnr iKthiifp, and these have universally been regarded by jurists as rex vuUiiis until tlicy are c.TUgiit ; no person, tlierefore, can have properly in iboin uiilil be has actually reiluced them into possession by capture. It re(|uires something more than a mere declaration that the Government or citizens of tiie United States, or even other countries interested in the seal trade, are lixi'is by a certain course of proceeding, to render that course an immoral one. Her Majesty's Government would deeply regret tliat the pursuit of fur-seals on the liinh seas by Ibitisli ve-sels should involve even the slightest i. „ury to tiie people of tliL' United States. It' the case be proved, they will be ready to consider what measures can lie properly taken for the remedy of such injury, but they would be unable on ;liiit ground to depart from a principle on which free connnerce on the high seas depends. The second argument advanced by Mr. Hlaine is thai tlie " fur-seal fisheries of Behring's Sea iiad been exclu-ively controlled by the Government of Russia, without intcrt'erencc and without (|uestion, from their original di^coveiy until the cession "f Alaska to the United States in 1807," and tb.at '"• from 18(i7 to 1S80 the possession, ill wliicb lUissia had been undisturbed, was enjoyed by the United States' Government iilso without interru])tion or intrusion from any source." I will (leal with these two periods separately. First, as to the alleged exclusive mono])oly of Kussia. iisliiiiee of the JJussian American Fur Coiiijiany, claimed in commerce, whaling, and fisliiiig from Hehring's Straits to the latitude, and not only i)rohibit(Ml all foreign vessels from lar.ding on tiie coasts and ifliuids of the above waters, but also prevented them from ap])roacbing within 100 miles tl'ereof, Mr. Quincy Adams wrote as follows to the United States' Minister in Russia: — "The United States can admit no part of these claims; their right of navigation and lisliing is perfect, and has been in constant exercise from the earliest times tliroughout the whole extent of the Southern Ocean, subject only to the ordinary exceptions and e.xt'iiisions of the territorial jurisdictions." 'I'hat llie right of tishing thus asserted included the right of killing fur-bearing aniuials is shown by the case of the United States' brig "Loriot." That vessel proceeded to the waters over which Russia claimed exclusive jurisdiction for the pmiiose of hunting the sea-otter, the killing of which is now proliibilcd by the United Slates' Statutes applicable to tlie fur-seal, and was forced to abandon her voyage and leave the waters in question bj' an armed vessel of the Russian navy. Mr. Forsyth, «iiliiig on the case to the American Minister at St. Petershurgh on the 4th May, 1S37, said : — "It is a violation of the rights of the citizens of the United States, immemorially exercised and secured to them as well hy the law of nations as by the stiptdations of the isl Article of the Convention of 1824, to fish in those seas, and to resort to tiie coast for the prosecution of their lawful commerce upon points not already occupied." From the speech of Mr. Stunner when iiilroilucing the (piestion of the purchase of Alaska to Congress, it is etpially clear that the United States' Government did not U'gard themselves as purchasing a monopoly. Having dealt with fur-bearing animals, lie went on to treat of fisheries, and, after alluding to the presence of dill'ercnt species of whales in the vicinity of the Aleutians, said : ".No sea is now marr rlanxum ; ail of these may be pursued by a ship under any flag, except directly on the coast or within its territorial limit." 1 now come to the statement that from 1S07 to 1880 llie possession was enjoyed liy the United States with no interruption and no i)ilrusi(ui from any source. Her Majesty's Government cannot but think that Mr. liltiine has been misiniormcd as to till' history of the operations in Heliring's Sen during that jjcriod. The instances recorded in indosurc 1 in this despatch are sutlicient to prove, from Aftir Russia, at the 18i'l the pursuits of olsL dtjiree of north 464 ofticial Fnilcd Slates' sourcL's, that from 18G7 to 188G l>ritisli vcshcIs woro (•ii.;;ai;cii nt intervals in the fur-seal iisliories, ^vitll tlic eocfnizancc of tlie United States' Government. I will here, by way '-ont of exi)Cilitions in Australia and Victoria for the pur])ose of lakini;' seals in lielirin;:;'s Sea. wliile jjassini;- to and iVniii their rookeries on St. Paul .'ind St. (teor^'e [shinds, ami recommended that a s!c;ini- cutter siiou'd he sent to tlif^ ren-ion of Ouniniak Pass and tlie fslands of St. Paul iind St. (ieoriie. Mr. Secretary Bontwcll informed liim, in reply, tbat he did not consider it expedienl to send a cutter to interfere with the operations of I'oreinners, and stated, '• In iuhiitioii, I do not see that the United States woidd have the Jurisdiction or power to drive oil' parties iioini;- up there for that purpose, unless tliey ni:ide such atli^mpt witldn a lii.'irine league ot tiie shore." Before leaving this part of Mr. Blaine's argument, I would alhule to his remark, that "vessels from other nations passing from lime to time throu;;li i'ehring's Sea tn the Arctic Ocean in pursuit of wlsalos have always aljstained from taking part in the ciiplurc of seals," whicli he holds to be proof of the recognition of rights held and exercised first by Russia and then by the United Stales. Even if tiie facts arc as stated, it is not remarkable that vessels pushing on for the short season in which whales can be captured in the Arctic Ocean, and being litlod specially for the whale fisheries, neglected to carry boats and hunliMS for fur-seals, or to engage in an entindy difi'eront pursuit. The whalers, moreover, pass through Beliriiig's Sea to the fishing-gininid^ in the Arctic Ocean in April and ^lay as soon as the ice breaks up, while the great bulk of the seals do not reacii the Pribylolf Islands till dnne, leaving again by the tini" tlie closing. up of the ice compels the whalers to return. The statement that it is '-a fact now held beyond denial or doubt that flic taking of seals in the open sea rapidly leads nt to intorl'ere with them. In 187-1, Acting Secretary Sawyer, wi-iting to Mr. Elliott, Special Agent, said : — • " It having been officially ;'(']iorted to this Department by the Collector of Customs at Port Townsend, from Ncea-ah Hay, that British vessels from Victoria cross over into American waters and engage in taking fur-seals (which, hv 'i-n-'osents, are annually becoming more numerous on our immediate coast) to the great ii _; ivy ol' our scalers, both white and Indiau, you \\ill give such jnopei- attention to I he c.\ imination of the subject as its importance may seem to you, after careful inquiry, lo demand, and Avith a view to a lleiwrt to the Department of all facts ascertained." (Ditto, May tth, No. 117, p. 111.) lu 1875, Mr. Melntvre, Treasury Agent, described liow " before procoediug to liarsli measures" he hr.'l .vavned the Captain of the '"Cygnet," Avho wa-^ shooting seals in Zapadnee Bav, and stated that the Captain ap])eared as^onislK .i that lie was !)ivaking the '-v. (Ditto, ,March 15tli, 187">, No. 130, p. 124.) Ill 1880, the fur-seal trade of tlio British Columbia coast was ol' areat iin)K)rtauce. Seven vessels were then engaged in the lisliery, of which the greater number were, in l8S(i and 18S7, seized 'oy the United States' Government in BehriiiLrs Sea. In 1881, Daniel and Alexaiider ^lcLean,botb British subjects, took the American sehuoner " Sau Diego " to Eebring's Sea, and Avere so successful that they returned there in 1885, from Victoria, with the " Mary Ellen" and the " favourite." No. 337. Sir J. Puunccwle lo tlw Marquif of Sulinbunj. — {Received \fnij '1 '.) (Telegraphic.) Washimjton, Mai/ ±2, 1890. A STATEMENT appeals in the newspapers to-day that after a Cabinet Council, beld on I'uesday, it has been decided to reject the British counter-propiisal, and iiistruc- tioMs have been issued to the otiicer eonimandini the United State-.' Revenue cruizer "Boar,"' now lying at Seattle, similar to those of last year, with one exception, viz., that, instead of capturing, she is to dismantle all vessels found sL'aling in Behring's Sea, and to seize their log-hooks ar.ii skins as evidence in case of judicial proceedings being taken. I went at once to Mr. Blaine, who did not deny these statements. [ reuumstrated against the publication of sueu I'cws before he hiid returned any rc])ly to the proposals of Her Majesty's (iovernnu'ut, and against the issue of such instructions while negotiations arc pending. Fn reply, he said that the press could iiiit he controlled ; that his answer was delayed in order to return a joint reply "ith ivussia ; t'rvt our draft Convention was quite inadequate to the necessities of the ease. He inveigricd against the words of Utiele VI, which purports to prescribe regulations on land, and uiged that, as there would bo no seals without the seal islands, the possession of those i.-.iands gave the United States special rights on the oiicn sea, in order to enable them to protect the species. The United States' Crovenunent would never admit that, as regards the seal tishery, the rights of Great Britain in Behring's Sea were ecpial lo their own. Nothing short of the total exclusion of sealing- vessels during the summer months, in which we proposed to leave tlie fisheries open, would satisfy them. I strongly insisted that the sole ground of liiseussiou was the preservation of the I 1-'8J 3 U 466 wals, remmding him of his assurance at our last Interview that the draft offered a basis of negotiation. He replied that on that occasion he had in his mind the (|iiestion of arbitration, but he did not think we would ever agree as to the form of questions to be submitted to arhitration. T will not cease to p.css Mr. Blaine that our proposals may receive a formal reply. No. 338. Extract from the "Morning Post" of May 23, 1890. The Behrixg's Sea Fisheries. [Eeuter's Telegram.] New York, May 21. THE United States' lievcnue cutter ''Hear" has been ordered to cruize in the Behring's Sea for tlio pi'ot / "tion of the seal fisheries, with instructions to seize and dismantle iill vessels found violating the Statute, in order to deprive them of the means of its further violation. Tiie vessel is also ordered to seize tlie logs and skins on board vessels found illegally tishing, and to preserve them as evidence against the offending persons. No. 339. The Marquis of Salisbury to Sir J. Pnuncefote. (Telegraphic.) Foreign Office, May 23, 1890. This morning's newspapers contain i\ paragraph which states, in substance, that the United States' Government have instriu-ted some of their ships of war to proceed to Behring's Sea, with orders to take such steps as may be necessary to prevent the merchant-vessels of other nations from pursuing their calling as fur-sealers in non- territorial waters. The communications made to you by Mr. Secretary Blaine, as recorded in your telegram of the 22nd instant, give ti general confirmation of the statemeius of the press. I have to instruct you to inform the Secretary of State that a formal protest against any such interference with British vessels is now being prepared, and that no time will be lost in forwarding it to him. No. 340. Sir J, Pauncpfofr In the Marquis of Salisbury. — (Received May 23.) (Telegraphic.) Washinylon, May 23, 1890. WITH reference to your Lordship's telegram of to-day's date, T have addressed n note to Mr. Blaine, as instructed by your Lordship. No. 341. The Marquis of Salisbury to Sir J. Pauncefole, Sir, • Foreign Ojfin; May 24, 1890. YOU will receive by this mail my despatcii of the 22nd instant, replying' to the argumc^nts urged by Mr. lllaiim in his note o|' Hk' 22n(l .lanuary last in defence of the seizure of Canadian vessels by United States' llevenue oruizcrs in Behring's Sea. Those arguments were not, such as Her .Majesty's (joveriuuent could iidmit to Ik: valid according to the estai)lislii'd prineijjl.'s of inicniational law, or sullicient to justify the acts coui])lain('d of. The reply liiis liecn for soint* lime in draft ; l)ut llor Miijcst,vs Govcrnraent were unwilling to inti'odnee any unnecessary (Menumt of controversy into the negotiations in which yon are engaged I'or the friendly settlement of the whole 467 question. I had, thorcfore, thought that instructions just issued. T need not say that it would he a cause of sincere satisfaction to TTer Majesty's Government if a consideration of the arguments advanced in my despatch, and of those with which you will be able to sup])lement them, should induce the Government of tlie United States so to limit the action of their cruizers as to remove the occasion for such a Protest. I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. No. 31.2. The Marquh of Salislmry to Sir J. Pauncefote. Sir, Foreign Office, May 29, 1890. I RECEIVED on the '2')v(\ instant, and at once submitted to the Queen and the Cal)inet, your telegrams of the previous day, reporting the instructions issued to tlie United States' llcsvenue cruizers in Jiehring's Sea for the approaching lishory .iioiison . According to nxicounts given in the press, the accuracy of which is not denied by .Mr. Blaine, these instructions are similar to those luulev which Canadian vessels were seized last summer outsiih" tlie territorial waters of the United States, Avith this exception, that, instead of capturing vessels found scaling in IJehring's Sea, the cruiziu's an? to dismantl ■ such vessels, and to seize their lo!r-liool to arrive at an Mgreenient for the proper jirotection of the seal lislieries, and tlit! settlement of the (|Uestions connected therewith. Her Majesty's (jovernment have no alternative, uiub-r the circumstances, but tO pi'otest, formally and solemnly against any interl'erence on tlie part of t"nited States' cruizers with Jh'itisii vesscds navigating outside the territorial jurisdiction oi' the United States, and to leave to tlie United States' Goverjiment the responsibility of the consc(]uenc(!s if that ]irotest is disregarded. I aeconlingly inclose lierewitli tin; draft of a note which you will address to Mr. Blaine if yon should uni'ortuiKitely liiid tbat there is no intention of so nuxlifying or i(!stricting the action of the United States' cruizers as to render this step uniioccssury. I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. luclosurc in No. U'ii2. Oraft of Nolv to ha addressed In Mr. Blaine. THE Undersigned, Her Biitaiinic Majesty's J'lnvoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, vtc, lias tlie honour, by instructions of liis (lovernmeiit, to make to Mr. Blaine, Se"retury oi' Stiite, &e., tlie following communication : ller Britannic .Majesty's Gnvernnient have learned witb great concern, from notices which have apjieared in the press, and tlie gcnenil accuracy of wliich has lieou conlirmed by Mr. Blaine's statoments to the Undersigned, that the Oovernmeut of the [12»J ' a O 2 4H8 United States have issued insti'uetioiis to their lleveuue cruiiscrs about to ho dispatched to Behiinjif's Sea, luuler whieh the vessels of British subjects Avill agaiu Ijo exposed, in the ])rosecutiou of tiiciv legitimate industry on the high seas, to unlawful iiiterfereuee at the hands of American officers. Her Jh'itaunic ^[ajesty"s rioverument are anxious to co-operate to the fullest extent of their power with the Government of the United States iu such measures as may he found to he expedient for the protection of the seal fislierics. They are at the present moment engaged in examining, in concert with the Government of the United States, the best mei hod of arriving at an agreement upon this point. But they camiot •admit the right of the United States of their own sole motion to restrict for this puqjosi' the freedom of navigation of Behring's Sea, ■which tlie United States have themselves iu former years i;ouvincingly and successfully \indicated, nor to enforce their municipal legislation against British vessels on the high seas beyond the limits of their territorial jurisdiction. Iler Britannic Majesty's Government are therefore unable to pass over witliout notice the ])ublic aiuiouncement of an intention on the part of the Government of the United States to renew the acts of interference Avith British vessels navigatin;^ outside the territorial waters of the United States, of which they have previously had to complain. The Undersigned is in consequence instructed formally to protest against such interference, and to declare that Her Britannic Majesty's Government must hold tlio Government of the United States responsible Tor the consequences that may ensue from acts which are contrary to the established princii)les of international law. The Undersigned has the honour to renew to Mr. Blaino the assurances oi' his highest consideration. No. 3i3. Sir J. Pauncpfole to the Marquis of Salisbury, -^{Received May 31.) (Telegraphic.) Wasliim/ton, Muy 30, 1800. I RECEIVED last night from the Secretary of State a long note, copy of which I have sent by bag to-day, on the question of the negotiations for a <'losr season in the Behring's Sea, The note commences by a protest against the course alleged to be pursued by Her Majesty's Government in "authorizing, encouraging, and protecting" B'itish vessels, who, it maintains, arc interfering with the rights of the United States and those of the whole civilized world by taking seals in that sea. The history of the negotiations for a close season from their comnienccnient is reviewed in the note, whicli then goes on to inveigh strongly against the change of position taken I)y Her Majesty's Government in tlie negotiations, which change, the Secretary of State maintains, has been brought about by the '' interposition of Canada," Mr. Blaine then points out that the arrangements which were proposed in 1838 rehitive to a close season, and those which were proposed in the draft Convention, must he consic'ercd to i)c '•insignificant contrast." Moreover, the liitter are, in the opinion of the Unitod States' Government, quite inadcijuatc to protect the rights of the United States in the Behring's Sea. 'I'hey are equally insufficient for tiie preservation of seal life. The United States and Russia have consequently no otiier course but to reject our proposals. The ncgotinlions will, however, be continued by tlie United States' Govorn- men' » the hojie that a satisfactory agreement may be arrived at, allhougli it is toi. liite, the note says, i'or the application of any result, which may lie reached, to this season, Mr. Blaino niuintains that the responsibility of the delays which have occurred cannot he Inid to the charge ol' his (ioverninent. The noU' contains at the conclusion a proposal on the part of the United States' Goveriuiient tii,it \\\\\\ the view of avoiding any interruption oi' ihe negotiations hy any "untowniil evi'iils." all British vessels shall be preventi'd by Her Majesty's Oovernnu'Mt from entering the Behring's Sea. K'.;) • Xo. ;vi.i. The Marquis of Snl!,>ibnrii to Sir J. Pauncefote. (Telcsrraphic.) Foreign Office, May 31, 1890. IN reply to your telegram of llic 30th '/.stant, 1 liavc to s(a1(! tliat it is impossible, on grounds Loth of law and of ])olic'y, for llcr ilaj(;sty's Government to accept ilr. Blaine's suijgestion that British sealint^-ships should he forbidden to enter the Behrini^'s Sea. No. 345. Sir J, Pauncefote to the Marquis of Salisbury, — {Received June 3.) My Lord, Washington, May 23, 1890. WITH reference to my telegram of yesterday's date, I have tlie honour to inc'lnse herewith extracts from the " New York Herald " and the '• Now York Evening Post" relative to tiio instructions given to the Itevenue cutter "Bear," and to the report that the Cabinet had decided to reject tiie Behrinn's Sea proposal. Your Lordship will observe tiuU in the account of the alh>i;ed interview with the correspondent of the "Evenirg Post," thi> Secretary of the Treasury is reported to have denied ever hiving se(Mi the Brifisli ])roi)M>;d, wliieii throws souk; dou!)t upon the statement in the " Herald," that tlie Cabinet liad ivfused to accept the proposal. I havcj &c. (Signed) JULIAN PAUNCEEOTE. Inclosure 1 in No. 34.5. Euitract from the " New York Evening Post " of May 22, 1890. The BEniasG's Sea Question. What Secretary Windoni says of a Current Report. [Special Despatch to the " I'^vening Post."] Washington, May 2% 1S90. iSI'X'llETAllY WINDO.M was asked this unmiiiig wiiat triilli there was in the I'l'porl telegrajihed from iicrc last night, tiiat \w had taken a (h>cisive stand in the Caliinct meeting yesterday aaainst tlie aee(>ptance of the British Behring's Sea im)|iosal. " I have not read the despatcli," he answered. " I consequently caunot plead to the indictment." "Hid you authorize the statement, (lien, tliat you did not oppose the acceptance of tlie ])roposal ?" •MVhat is the nature of the projiosal said to be ?" he asked, in reply. "That is not given." " No British iirojiosal," he then said, ''has hi.eii submitted (o me. 1 am hero simply to enforce the law, and 1 am trying to do so. ihil, naturally, I do not care to discuss tlic matter till 1 have had a chance to see of what I am accused." The instructions given to the Commander of the llevenue cutter "Bear" respecting tlie capture of sealing-vessels in Alaskan waters are ulentieal with those of last year, except that ca])lured vessels are to be disniantlcil, so as to prevent, any repe- tition of the olVeiici! during the season, 'i'l > Cuniniander is tn warn all persons against eut('riiigB(>liring'sSea for the purposeof violating the laws of the United States therein, ami piirlieularly the law which provides that no person sluill kill any fur seal " within the limits of Alaska territory or the waters thereof." What those limits are has not been ildined. The Mritish Columbian sealers hold that they are tin; waters witiiin 3 miles of any land of Alaska territory. J)o we hold the contrary? Not so far as any 470 authentic documentai-y evidence has been, suhinitted. Not so far as either Congress or the President has declared. We have not i,'nne to the length of layini^ down one rule for Behrins''s Sea and a difrcrcnit one for tlic Gulf of St. Lawrence. It would soom, therefore, tiiat the Government has put into tli(> discretion of tho Commander of a Revenue cutter a question of extreme gravity wliich it lias not ventured to decide for itself, and that upon his decision may rest issues of vast imp(jrtance. Of course, no discussion of the Behring's Sea question of any value Mill be possible until the nego- tiations between Secretary Blaine and Sir Julian P.niincofote arc made public. Inclosm-e 2 in No. 345. Extract from the "New York HerahV of May 22, 1890. Great Excitement in CvNiVDA. [From our Regular Con-espondent.] " Herald " Bureau, corner of Fifteenth and G Streets, N, W., Washinr/to'n, Mai/ 21, 1890. I LEARN that at the Cabinet meeting yesterday it was decided to reject the British proposition submitted three AV(;eks ago for a settlement of the Hehring's Sea question. Secretary W'indoin. as 1 am informed, was decidedly opposed to the acceptance of the proposal — (Irst, beeans(! its provisions wen? deemed by liim entii'cly inadequate to secure the ])r()l'ess(,'d oliject of ])reserving seal life in 15ehring's Sea, and, seeoncl, because it virtually igutn'eil the (istabiislied positior. of the United States in tliat sea arisin;' out of its ownership of the partially surrounding shores and of a part of the islands within the sea; the possession of a universally I'ceoguized boundary-line which hicluded in the cession to the United States tlie vcn-y part of the sea wherein alone this coimtry has scmght to exercise a territ- rial jurisdiction; tiie inheritance from TUissia of a (Mintinuous claim of jurisdiction ii(!V(!r directly <[uestioncu nor successfully assailed, and the undoubted right that the United Slates has to exercise a reasonahle ])olice jurisdiction to protect its own property and int(;rests in Behring's Sea, and secure to itself the natural use and prolit thereof. Secretary Blaine did not advocate an acceptance of the proposal, and thought it probabh; that further negotiations would abnte the Canadian contentions and im])rove the position of th(> United States. Tll(^ British proposal, being withcut support from either of the two Departments inunediately eoneerned with it, necessarily met with rejection, a like fate with that which overtook the ])receding American proposal in the Council of the Goveraor-Ueneral of Canada. 1 understand that in neither case was an acceptance of tho proposal anticipated hy the party submitting it, l)ut that the only result expe(ded from the exchange of proposals Avas the bringing of the parties a little nearer together by the elimination of some of the jjoints of (lilVerenc(>. 'i'o some extent, according to my information, this expeclation has been realized, so that the negotiations are really in a better state, notwitiistandiug tho reflection of the counter-])roposals than at the beginning. The Next Step. I. am advised that the next step in the negotiations will be tho discussion and settlement of the details conne(;ted with the creation of a -loiut Commission of exports to i)rep;ire and submit to the two Govoi'nments a full and particular project as the basis (if a Treaty by which tli(> whole question can be permanently settled. It is possilile that llie ( Joveriunent of Russia maybe diretdly represented in this Commission of experts, but that is a matter which has not ye! received any consich'rathni, and is altogether likely to be govei'ned by the wishes of thai (iovernmeut at the jiropor time. In any and all events, there is a conlideni e.speetiition tlint ii Treaty can bo framed in tinu> lor submission to the Senate immeilialely upon the opeuhig of the second feession of the present (,'ougress. 471 Enforcincj n Closure. The more important quostion for tlio Cabinet yesterday was that of the ad interim policy to 1)0 pursnod in ]k'hrin<;"s Sea with inniiodiatc reCerencc to the sealing season, which will he in fnll headway h\ the end of tliis moiilli. The Treasnry view was that, inasmuch as the British Oov<'vninent iiad admitted a close season to he' necessary to the preservation of the seals and the just interest of the United States, and liad offered as part of its ])ro])osal a radius around the seal islands to protect the f(>male seals from attacks while olitainintf food in the waters adjacent to the E.ookeiy Islands, it would be admissible and ])roper to (?nforee by warninii', and by r.;straint after warning had proved inell'ectual in any case, such a closure duriiiL;' the present season, relying upon the good sense and (lis])ositi()n of the British fiovernment to accpiiescc in measures so entii'cly reasonable and niendy ])rovisi()nal. This view prevailed, it luMnu' a ]n'a(!tical and substantial accejitance of the modus liiTHf// A'oluntarily tendered by tiic liritisb Ciovernment in company Avith its rejected proposal. The Commanders of the cruizing vessels will be emphatically enjoined to refrain, so far ns possible within the lines of tlnur instructions, from ajiy conduct toward the Uritish scalers wlnni they meet with that can be made the occasion of just coDij)laint or resentment. These instructions will ])e communicated to the British Government in order that the Canadian authorities may take any action they may deem advisable toward the common end of maintaining peace and amity from now till the close of the season. Orders to the " Bear " to proceed to Behriin/s Sea and seize all Vessels engaijed in Unlawful Acts, Washington, May 21, 1890. Secretary Windom to-day signed the Sailing Orders of the llevenuc-cuttcr "Bear," now at Seattle, Washington, directing that she sail immediately to Ouualaska and then to cruize diligently in JJciU-ing's Sea for the purfjose of warning all ])crsons ajainst entering such wati'rs lor the jjurposc of violating section Vd'M of the llevised Statutes, and arresting all persons and seizing all vessels found to b(! or to have been engaged in any violation of the laws of the United States therein. Section H)50, Bevised St;itutes, referred to above, provides that "no person shall kill any otter, mink, marten, sable, or fur seal, or other fur-hearing animal Avithin the limits of Alaska territory or in the waters thereof, and every person guilty thereof shall, i' • each oU'ence, be fined not less than 200 dollars, nor more than 1,000 dollars, or ire fisoned not more than six months, or both, and all vessels, their tackle, apparel, fun., ", and cargo IVinnd engaged in violation of this section shall bo forfeited, but tlic Sc jtary of the Treasnry shall have power to authoriz(> the killing of any such otter, mink, m.artcm, sable, or other fur-bearing animal except fur seals, under such Regulations a* he may prescribe, and it shall be the duty of the Secretary to prevent the killing of any fur seal, and to provide for the execution of the provisions of this section until it is otber\vis(> provided by law, nor shall he grant any special privileges under this section." The Commander of the " Bear " is also furnished with copies of {\w President's last rroclamati(in on this subject and the Act of the 2nd IVlarcb, 1889, regarding the seal and salmon lisheries of Alaska. Dismantliny the Law Breakers, The instructions, '.vhile not dillering materially front thosi- of last year, are nruch more s])eeili(! in character. I'liVorts will he made to avoid a repetition of last year's experience with foi'eign v<'ssels seized for violations of law. In two or three cases the vessels wei'e paced in charge nf a prize crew eonslstiui;' of one man, and, as a result, never reached the port \\here he was ordered lo take them. While it will be equally ini|)ossihle now to iiu'rease the si/,rizt; crews, an elfort will be made to aceomplish the same r(>sult, in another way. A(.'cor.'"ug to the present instructions, it is uhderstood that all vessels found violaliiig the law will Ix disniauiled and deprived of all nutans of lurther \ iolalioiis. Their Ions ami all skins are also to be seized and pn-served as e\idenci< against them. Willi the exee[)tion of ceilaiir details as to the eiiloreenieni nf the law there is, however, no chairge in the general policy of tiie administraliou on this question. 472 No. 346. Sir J, Pauncefote to the Marijiiiti of Salhburii. — {Received June 3.) My Lord, irnshington, May 23, 1890. I^MMEDIATELY upon I'cadiii'^' in the iiowspappvs of yostcvday the announce- mont (wliicli I at, oiicp telos;va))hcd to yonv Lordship) tliat the United States' Cahinet had decided to reject the coiint('r-])ro])osal oF ]Ier Majesty's Government for the settle- ment of the Behrinjjj's Sea (pu'stiou, and tliat tliey liad issued orders to tlieir Revenue cruizcrs to ])revent all vessels from ennan'ini^' in the sealint-'-industry in those waters, I called on the Secretary of State anil inquired whether the announcement was correct. Mr. Blaine did not deny its aecuraey, and defended the action of the Treasury in regard to their instrnetions to the I'evenue cruizers, wliieh he said were issued pursuant to an Act of Conc^ress. I ohjeeted that no Act of Confyress authorized interference; with foreiujn vessels on the hisrli seas. It was a niisconstruetion of tlu! Act so to apply its provisions. I remonstrated against tlic ])nl)li('aiion in the press of the decision of Ids Government on the proposals of Ifer Majesty's (iDvernnient hefore any reply had been returned to those pr()|)osals, and I coni])laincd of the issue of the orders reported to have been given to the IJevenue crui/.ers while the negotiutifms wtu'e still ))ending, contrary to the assurance given hy 1dm in his note to ine of the 2Jth March last. Mr. Blaito replied to the cU'ect that it was not jjossible to guard against tiie publication in the press of news ol' such pal)lie interest; tli;it his answer to the Uritish jiroposals, which be had promised lo send to me last week, iiad been delayed, as he now pro])i)sed that it should be in the form of a joint rei)ly from his Government and that of Russia ; and that, as regards the orders to the Ilevenuo cruizers, they were tlic natural consequeuce of the rejection of the proposals which I had submitted to the Conference. Those proposals he jjroeeeded to ci'iticize as totally inadeqiiatc to the necessities of th(! case, and he aniniiulverted u\)on the words in Article VI of the draft Convention, which purport to prescribe Kcgulations on land. I pointed out to him th;it tlie drafi ('onvention afforded the most amjde protection to seal life by proliibitiiig |)elnu'ic sealing during the periods ol' migration to and from the llookeries, and l)y establisliing a radius ai'ouiul the Seal Ishinds to ])revent the surreptitious landing of marauders. M^oreover, it su])pli(>d tiie most complete machinery for arriving at a linal decisioi\ as to what regulations should i)e adopted for the preservalion of the seal s()ceie.s. Mr. lilaine then urged that the United States, by the jiossession of the Seal Ishinds, had ac(|uired special rights in Behring's Sea as regards the seal lishery. He said that the United States' (Jovernment could never admit that Great Britain had rights equal to their o\mi in that sea, and that they would not be satisfied with anything less than the total e\(dusiou of all scaling vessels from Behring's Sea during the suiuuier months in which Her M.ij"sty's (jovernment [)roposed that the lishery shouhl be open I reminded Mr. Mlaine that the sole qm'stion was the ))reservation of the seal species. I urged tiiat tlie draft Convention niad(> am])le provision for that purpov.e. Tliat as regarded the claim which ht> advocated on behalf of bis Government ^o special rights beyond the territorial waters of ISehring's Sea, it rested on novel doctrines entirely oi)])osed to the law and prncliee of nations. I also remind(!d liim that In; had (|uite recently inlorined nu> that the draft Convention, though not aei'eptal)le to his Govcni- ment in its present form, all'orded a basis of settlennmt. .Mr. Blaine replied that he had at that time in his mind the provision relating to arbitration; but he doubted whether the two (iovernmenis could ever come to terms as to the form of the questious to be submitted for (h>cision. My interview here e\me to .-.u end, ]Mr. Blaine having tin appointment with the Iresideut which conip(dled him to leave for tlu; White House. I have, &e. (Signed) .TULIAX I'AUiNCEi'OTE, No. ^47. Sir J. Piiuirfulv lo the Mnrinti" of Snlixhui y. — (licccirvd June ii.) My Lord, lloKliinylou, Min/ 23, 1890. IN comidiance with the instrueticnis eoninined in your Lordsliip's tclegriim of to-day, F have the honour to inclose c(q)y of a note whidi 1 liav(! addressed to 473 Mr. Blaine, in which I have informed him tiiat a formal protest by Her (Majesty's Government against any interference with British vessels in (Behring's Sea will be forwarded to him without delay. I have, &c. (Signed) JULIAN PAUNCErOTE. Inclosure in No. 347. Sir J. Pnuncefote to Mr. Blaine, Sir, ^ Washimjto)!, Ma;/ 23, 1890. I HAVE the iionour to inform you that a statement having appeared in ',thc newspapers, to the .'ft'ect that United States' Revenue cruizers have received orders to proeced to Behring's Sea for the ptirpose of preventing the exercise of the seal- fislicry by foreign vessels in non-territorial waters, and that statement having been confirmed yesterday by you, I am instructed by the Marquis of Salishury to state to you tiiat a formal protest, hy Her Majesty's Government, against any such interference with British vessels, will he forwarded to you without delay. I have, &c. (Signed) JULIAN PAUNCEFOTE. No. 348. The Marquis of Salisbury to Sir J. Pauncp/ote. (Telcsrnphic ) Foreign Office, June 3, 1890. INFORMATION has reached Her Majesty's Government that about twenty-three liritish vessels have already cleared from ports in British North America for tiie seal fishing. All question, therefore, of stopping them, even if Her Majesty's Government considered it expedient to do so, is at an end. No. 314). Sir J. Pauncefotp to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received June 7.) (Telegraphic.) Washington, June 7, 1890. MR. BLAINE having inquired, on belialf of the President, whether with a view to a friendly settlement hy arbitration Her Majesty's Government would (iousent to tiic total exclusion of British sealers for the pr(>sent season from Behring's Sea, I replied at once that this proposal could not he entertained, as ai)art from other con- siderations wliich 1 explained there w;is no legal power to enforeo such exclusion. yiy answer has elicited a long note expressing the President's regr'?t tliat his most friendly and considerate proposal for adjusting all troubles connected with the Behring's Sea question sliould be rejected so promptly. With reference to a statement made by me to tlio effect Hiat tlu; furtber examina- tion of the question had satisfied Her Majesty's Government that total exclusion Avent lieyond the requin^nuMits of tbe case, tlie note states that until tiie receipt of my reply the United States' GovernnuMit bad never been inl'onned tbat any otlier objection lotiie proposal was entertained by your l/ordsbi]) tban tbat assigned i)y you wben you abruptly closed tbe negotiations in J/ondon, viz., tbat Canada would not consent to it. It observes any privileges confrmul on Canadian scalers m\ist be extended at once to Vnicrican vessels, and tbat our pro|)()se(l radius of 10 miles would expose female seals lol)(! slaughtered by hundreds of tbousands. " The President does not conceal his disajjpointment tbat even for the sake of securing arbitration. Her Majesty's Governnu-nt refuses to suspend for a single season the practice which yo\u' Lordsbip described in 1888 as tbe Avanton destruction of a valuable industry, and w'ich tin; United States' Coverimicnt bus unil'ormlv regarded as an utq)rovi)ked invasion of its established rights." I iiave declined in my acknowledgnuMit of the note to continue tbe correspondence until I receive f(u'lher instructions, especially as the views of Her iMaiesty's Govern- [128] 3 P 474 meut arc clearly explained in your Lordship's despatch of the 22nd ultimo, wliicli I read to the Secretary of State only a few hours before liis noto reached me. No. 350. Sir J. Pauncefotr to flip Marquiii of Snlisburi/. — (Received June 7.) (Telegraphic.) Wushington, June 7, 1890. Mil. BLAINE has postponed our interview aruanged for this morning. I will eiidoavour to meet him in the course of to-niorrow. No. 351. , ., i The Marquis of Salisbury to Sir J. Pnuncefole, i " ('folegrapliic.) Foreign Office, June 7, 1890. I llliGllET to learn from your telegram of the 7th instant that the President should think 1 am wanting in conciliation in tlie Behring's Sea negotiations. I think, however, that he misunderstands tlic conditions of our law. There is no power whntevcr which would enable Her Majesty's Government to cxdude British or Canadian vessels from any part of the high seas for iiowever sliort a period of time without iirst obtaining, in the one case, an Act of the British Parliament, and in the otiier one, of tlie Canadian Parliament. '• ' We have always been willing, witiiout pledging ourselves to details as to area and date, to negotiate with the hope of coming to an arrangement for tlie establishment of a close .season so far as necessary to preserve the fur-seal species, but its provisions would require tiie sanction of the respective Legislatures. 1 do not recognize the expressions which are apparently attrihuted to nie in Mr. Blaine's note. I do not think I used them, not at all events in the context stated in tiie note. No. 352. Sir ,!. I'liuiirefole to the Marquin of Salisburi/. — (Received June 9.) -My Lord, Washington, Miii) L"J, 1800. WITH reference to my desi)atcli of the L'3rd instant, I have the lionour to inclose copy of a note wliich I have received from Mr. Blaine in reidy to my communi- cation of the 20rd instant, in whieli [ informed iiim that a foraml protest by Her Miijest3''s Government against any interference with British vessels in Behring's Sea would be forwarded to him without delay. 1 have, &c. (Signed) JULIAN PAUNOEFOTE. Inclosure in No. 352. Mr. Blaine to Sir J, Pauncefole. Sir, Department of Slate, May 26, 1890. I HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your note of the 23rd instant, in which you inform me that Her Britannic Majesty's Government will formally protest against certain action recently taken l)y this Government for the protection of the Aluska seal fisheries. I hAV6 &C (Signed) ' J. G. BLAllSE. 475 No. 363. Sir J. Pauncefote to the Marquis of Salisbury. — {Received June 9.) m ,i;ici My Lord, Washington, May 30, 1890. WITH reference to my telegram oi' to-day's date, I have the honour to inclose copy of tin; note wliich I have received from Mr. Blaine, informing me of the ri'j(«tioii ol" the draft Convention by his Government and that of Russia, and stating tlic grounds for tliat decision. 1 have, ifee. (Signed) JULIAN rAUNCEEOTE. Inclosure in No, 353. Mr. Blaine to Sir J. Pauncefote. Sir, Department of State, May 29, 1890. YOUR note of the 23rd instant, already acknowledged, informs this Government that you " have been instructed by the Marqnis of Salisbury to state that Her Majesty's Government -would forward, without delay, a protest" against the coui-se which this GoA'crnment has found it necessary, under the laws of Congress, to pursue in the waters of the Behring's Sea. In turn, I am instructed by the President to protest against the course of the British Government in authorizing, encouraging, and protecting vessels which arc not (in1y interlcring with American rights in the Eehring's Sea, but which are doing violence as Avell to the rights of the civilized world. 'Ihcy are engaged in a warfare ;i;'ai!ist seal life, disregarding all the Regulations Avhich lead to its protection, and I'oinmitting acts wiiich lead ultimately to its destruction, as has been the case in every part of the world where the abuses Avhich arc now claimed as British rights have been practised. The PresidcTit is surprised that such protest should be authorized by Lord Salisbury, especially because the previous declarations of his Lordship would seem to render it impossible. On the 11th November, 1887, Lord Salisbury, in an official interview with the Minister fmm the United States (Mr. Phelps), cordially agreed that "a Code of Regulations should be adopted for the preservation of the seals in Behring's Sea from destruction at improper times, by improper means, by the citizens of either country." And Lord Salisbury suggested that Mr. Phelps " should obtain from his (iovernment, and submit to bini (Lord Salisbury), a sketch of a system of Regulations uiiich wouhl be ade([uate for the purpose." Purther interviews were held during the Ibllowing month of February (1888) between Lord Salisbury and the American Minister, and between Lord Salisbury and the American Minister, accompanied by the Russian Ambassador. In answer to Lord Salisbury's request, Mr. Phelps submitted tilt' " Regulations " which the Government of the United States desired ; and in a despatch of the 25th F(!bruary Mr. Phelps commimicated the following to Mr. Bayard, Secretary of State : — " Lord Salisbury assents to your proposition to establish, by mutual arrangement l)et^^■een the Governments interested, a close time for fur-seals, between the ISth April !ind the Isf November and between 100° of longitude west and 170'" of longitude east, in tiie Behring's Sea. And he will cause an Act to be introduced into Parliament to give etVect to this arrangement so soon as it can be prepared. In bis opinion, there is no doubt that the Act will he pansed. " lie will also join the United States' GoAcrnraent in any preventive measures it may he thought best to adopt, by orders issued to the naval vessels of the respective Governments in that region." Early in j pril (1888) the Russian Ambassador in London, M. de Staal, advised tlie American Charge "that the Russian Government AAOuld like to ha\'e the Ucgnlations which might be agreed upon for the Behring's Sea extended to tiiat portion of the latter in Avhieb the Commander Islands arc situated, and also to the Sea of Okhotsk, in Avhidi Uobben Island is situated." On the 16th April, at Lord Salisbury's invitation, the Russian Ambassador and Mr. White (the American Charge), Mr. Phelps being absent from Loiulon, met at tlie Prreign Oilie(> " for the purpose of discussing Avith I^urd Salisbury tlie details of the proposed Conventional arrangement for the protection of seals in Behring's Sea." [1281 3 P 2 476 " With a view to meeting the Russian Government's wishes respecting tlie waters surrounding Ilol)ben Island, his Lordship suggested that beside the whole ol' 13elmn"'s Sea, those portions of the Sea of Okhotsk and of th(> ]*aeitic Ueean nortli of north latitude 11° should be included in the proposed arrangement. His Lordship intimated, furthermore, that the period proposed by the United States for a closed time, from tlii' loth April to the 1st November, might interfere with the trade longer than ahsolutelv necessary for the ])rote('tion of seals, and he suggested the 1st Octolier, instead n'f a month later, as tiie termination of the period of seal protection." rurthermoro, Lord Salisbury " promised to have a draft Convention prepared for submission to tiip Russian Ambassador and the American ^linister." On the 23rd April, the AnnM'ican Charge was informed by Lord Salisbui-y that "it is now proposed to give eilect to a Seal Convention by Order in Council, not l)y Act ot Parliament." It was understood that this course was proposed by Lord Salisbury in order that tiie " Regulations " needed in Rehring's Sea might be promptly applied. You will observe, then, that from the lltli November, 1S.S7, io the 23rd April, 1888, Lord Salisbury had in every form of speech assented to the necessity of a close season for the protection of the seals. The shortest j)eriod which he named was from the loth Aj)ril to the 1st October— five and a-half months. In addition, his Lordshi]) suggested that the closed sua for the period named should include the whole of the Beiiring's Sea, and should also include such portion of the Sea of Okhotsk as would be necessary to protect the Russian seal fishery on Robben Island ; that the closed seastni be extended as far south as 17*^ nortli latitude, 120 miles south of the northern boundary of the United States on the Pacifie Ocean. He promised, further, to draft a Convention upon tin; sul)ject between England, Russia, and the United States. These assurances were given to 'he American Minister, to the American Charge, to the Russian Ambassador, and on more than ont; occasion to two of them together. The United States had no reason, therefore, to doubt that the whok; dispute touciiing the seal fisheries was practically settled. Indeed, to have distrusted it would have been to question the good faith of Lord Salislnu'y. In diplomatic intercourse between Great Rritain and the United States, be it said to the lionour of both Governments, a verbal assurance from a Minister has always been equal to his written pledge. Speaking the same language, then; has been no room for misunderstanding between the Representatives of tlu,' two (Jovernments, as may easily hai)pen betweini thereof different tongues. J''or a period of six months, therefore, without retraction or qualification, without the suggestion of a doubt or the dropping of a hint, the under- standing between the t\ro Governments, on the assurance of Lord Salisbury, was as complete as language could make it. On the 28th April, five days after Lord Salisbury's last pointed assurance, five days after he had proposed to perfect the scheme, not by tlu; delay of Parliament, but by the promptness of an Order in Council, the American Charge was informed tliat the Act of Parliament windd be necessary in addition to th(; Order in Council, and that neither Act nor Order covdd be drafted " until Canada is beard from." For several weeks following the 28th April, there were many calls by tlie Amcricau Charge at the Foreign Office to learn whether "Canada had l)(>en heard from." He called alone, and called in company with the Russian Ambassador. Pinally, on the 20th Jime, Lord Salisbury told him that an urgent telegram liad been •'sent to Canada a Aveek ago with respect to the delay in its expedition," and that a reply had been "received by the Secretary of State for the Colonies, saying that the matter will be taken uj) inunediately." Mr. "White, relying entirely upon tliese assurances, ventured to " hope that shortly after Mr. Phelps' return the British Govern- ment will be in a condition to agree upon the terms of the proposed Convention." ilr. Phelps returned to London on the 22nd June, two days after Mr. White's interview with Jjord Salisbury, and immediately after the urgent telegram had l)eeu sent to Canada. On the 28th July, Mr. Phelps had received no assurances from Ijord Salisbury, and telegraphed the Department of State his " fear tliat owing to Canadian opposition we sha/ get no CoTivention." In a despatch to his Government of the 12th September he related having had intorviews with Lord Salisbury respecting the Convention, which he says had been " virtually agreed upon exci^pt in its details." Mr. Phelps goes on to say : " The coi'sideration of it has been susj)ended for communication l)y tlu> British Government with I'ue Canadian Government, for which purpose an interval of several months had been allowed to elapse. During this long interval the attention 477 of Lord Salisbury had been repeatedly called to the subject by the American Lei^ation, and on those occasions the answer received from him was that no reply from the Canadian authorities had arrived!" ;Mr. Phelps i)rocceds in the despatch of the 12tli September to say : " I airain pressed Lord Salisbury for the completion of tin; Convention, as the extermination of seals by Canadian vessels was luiderstood to he rapidly proceeding. His Lordship, in reply, did not question the propriety or the imi)ortanc(! of takintj measures to juvvent th(> wanton destruction of so valuable an industry, in which, as he remarked, iMiujland liad a laru;e interest of its own, but his Lordship stated that the Canadian (Jovc^rnment ol)j(H'te(l to any such restrictions, and that until its consent eonld Ix' obtained Jler Majesty's (rovernment was not willint; to enter into the (Convention." it was thus finally acknowledged that the negotiation into which Lord Salisbury had cordially entered, and to which he had readily agreed, even himself suggesting some; of its most valuable details, was entirely sul)ordinated to the judgment and desire of the Canadian tiovernment. This Government cannot but feel that iiord Salisbury would liave dealt more frankly if in tin? beginning he had informed Minister Phelps that no arrangement could be made unless Canada concurred in it, and that all negotiation witli (h(; J3ritish (Jovernraent direct was but a loss of time. "Wlien you, Mr. Minister, arrived in this country a year ago, \hnv seemed the best ])rospect for a sctthMuent of this question, but the Russian -Minister and the American Secretary of State have had the experience of ilr. Phelps and tiie J'ussian Ambassador in London repeated. In our early interviews, there seemed to \n'. as ready a disposition on your part to come to a n'asonaljle and friendly adjustment as there certainly has always been on our part to oil'er one. You will not forget an interview lietweeu yourself, the Russian ^rinister, and myself, in which tlie lines for a close season in the Eehring's Sea laid down by Lord Salisbury were almost exactly repeated by yourself, and were inscribed on Maps which weic before >is, a copy of whieji is in the possession of the Russian ilinister, and a c py also in niy ])ossession. A prompt adjustment seemed practicable, an adjustment which I am sure ■would liavc; been honourabh' to all the countries interested. Xo obstacles were presenti^l on the American side of (he question. No insistance was made upon tiie Peliring's Sea as mare cluiisum ; no objection was interposed to tlie entrance of British sliips at all times, on all commercial errands, through all the waters of tiie Behring's Sen. But our negotiations, as in London, were suddenly broken olf for many Aveeks by the interposition of Canada. When correspondence was resumed on tlie last day of April, you made an oiTer for a Mixed Commission of Experts to decide ilie questions at issue. Your proposition is that pelagic sealing .should be prohibited in the Behring's Sea during the months of May, June, October, Noveml)er, and December, and that there should be no prohibition during the months of July, August, and Scpteml)er. Your proposition involved the condition that British vessels should be allowed to kill seals within 10 miles of the coast of the Pribylov Islands. Lord Salisbury's ])ro[)osition of 1H>S was tliat, during the same months for which the l()-mil(> privileg(' is i.ow (li'inanded, no Britisii vessel hunting seals should come nearer to the Pribylov Islands tluin the 17th {)aral'el of north latitude about GOO miles. TIk! open s(>ason which you thus select for killing is the one ■, hen tlie areas aiound the breeding islands are most crowded with seals, and especially erowded wil I'cinale seals, going forth to secure food for the hundreds of thousands of tlieir young of which they have recently been delivered. The destruction of the fomales, which, according to expert testinmny, would be 5)5 per cent, of all whieli the sealing vessels might readily capture, would inflict deadly loss upon the rookeries. The destruction of the female would be loUowed by Hie destruction of their young on tlie islands, and tlie li(>rds would be diminished the next year by this wholesale slaughter of the producing females and their offspring. Tiie 10-mile limit would give the marauders tiie vantage ground for killing the seals that are in the water by tens of thousands searching for food. The opportunity, under cover of fog and night, for stealing silently upon the islands and slaughtering the seals within a mile or even less (jf the keepers' residence, would largely increase the aggregate d(>striiction. Under such f mditions, the British vessels could evenly divide with the United States w ithin the •')-inile limit of its own shores, and upon the islands themselves, the whole advantage of the seal fisheries. The respecit which the sealing vessels would pay to the lO-mile limit would be the same that wolves pay to a flock of sheep so placed that no shepherd can guard them. This arrangement, according to your propo.sal, was to continue for three months of each year, the best months in the season for dejiredtdiotis upon the 478 seal herd. No course was left to the United States or to Russia hut to rejeet fho proposition. Tlic propositions made hy Lord Salishury in 1888, and the projuisitions made hy Her Majesty's ilinister in Washington in 1890, arc in sii^nitieant I'ontrast. The cireuiustances are tlie same, the conditions are the same, tlic rights of the United States are tiie sam(>, in hotli years. The position of England has clianged, hccanso the wislies of Canada have demanded the change. The result then Avith whieli tlie United States is expected to Im; content is, that her rights within the Behring's Sea and on the islands thereof are not ahsolute, but are to h(; determined hy one of Ifcr Majesty's pi-ovinces. The British Govern)n(>nt would assuredly and rightfully complain if an agreement between her [.s/t] Representative and the lle[)res(Mitative of the United States should, without notice, he 1)roken olf hy the United States, on the ground that the State of California was not willing that it sliould be completed. California has a Governor chosen independently of the Executive power of the National Goverunient. Canada has a (iovernor appointed by the British Crown. The Legislature of California enacts laws with which the Executive power of the United States has no right whatever to interfere ; Canada enacts laws with which the Executive power of Great Britain can interfere so far as absolutelj' to annul. Can the Government of the United States be expected to accept as final a decision of the Government of (Jreat Britain that an agreement Avith th(> United States cannot be fulfilled because the Province of Canada objects ! '.I'liis review of the circumstances which h-d to the present troubles on the Behring's Sea question has been pi'csented by direction of the President, in order to show that the responsibility does not rest with this Government. The (diange of policy made by Her Majesty's GoA'ernment without notice, and against the wish of this Gov(>rnmont, is, in the President's belief, the ca\is(^ of all th(^ dilferences that have followed. I am further instructed by the President to say, that while your proposal- the 30tli April cannot be accepted, the United States will continue the negotiation i. iiojie of reaching an agreement that may conduce to a good understanding, aiul leave no cause for future dispute. In the President's opinion, oAving to delays for Avhich this Goverinni']it is not responsible, it is too iate to conclude such negotiation in time to !ip|)ly its result the present season. He, therefore, proposes tl'.ut Her ilajesty's Government agree not to permit the vessels (Avbich, in his judgment, do injury to tlu! property of the United States) to enter the Bi'hring's Sea fortius season, in order that time may he secured for negotiation that shall not b(> disturbed by untoAvard events, or unduly influ(.'nced by popuhu* agitation. If this otfer be accepted, the President believes that before anothei- season shall open the friendly relations existing botAveen the two countries, and the mutual desire to continue them, Avill lead to Treaty stipulations Avhich shall be i)crmanent, l)ecause just and honourable to all parties. I have, &c. (Signed) .TAMES G. BLAliNK. No. 854. Sir ./. Pauncefote to the Marquis of Salisburi). — (Received June 11.) ('J'elegra)diic.) Washington, June 10, 1800. As reported in my telegram of the 7th instant, my interview with Mr. Blnine arranged for that day was postponed, and, not having received any further communi- cation from him, 1 called at his house yesterday. He tlien informed me that the President Avas unwilling that he should proceed with the negotiations until he had answered your Lordship's despatch of the •J2nd ultimo, of which I left a copy with liira on the Oth. He wished especially to send a reply on the charge that the United States' Government were now claiming a right which they had disputed when asserted by Russia before the cession of Alaska. Mr. Blaine promised me this reply before the end of the week, after which he would be ready to resume our interviews. I complained of the delay, pointing out the danger of " some untoward event," and again urged him to give me an assurance that while the negotiations were continuing there should be no interference with our vessels ; such assurance he declined to give, but he said there was little likelihood of anything of the kind happening before -Tidy. I think that the protest contained in your Lordship's despatch of the 29th .May should be sent in before the Revenue cutters are beyond the reach of instructions. 470 ..I Subject to your Jjordsliip's approval, 1 propose to send in the protest ou tlie 14th iiTxtaut, informing Mr. Blaine that I have deferred doing so until tlie last moment. No. 355, Sir J. Pauncefote to the Mari/uis of Sdlisbiiri). — {Recrived Junf II.) (Tolot,'rai)hic.) Washington, June 10, IHJK). ' A I the interview with Mr. Bhiijie mentioned in my immediately preceding telegram, referriog to ids note of the 4th instant,* 1 stated that your Ijordship roi;rctted tliiit the I'resident should think you wanting in conciliation, that this was probalily due to his being unaware that by British law legi-lation was necessary before any British vessel could be excluded from any part of the high seas. Legislative sanction was also required for any measures necessary for the preserva- ti "ilV vr t'- • -T-rn ,;>?; Inclosure 2 in No. 356. Sir J. I'ininrefole to Mr. Blaine. Sir, ■■ • l\'ashington,June H,}8d0. I HAVlO (be honour to acknowledge your note of this day with reference to the liiissage in a telegram Iroin the Marquis of Salisbury which I communicated to you at our interview of the '.)tli instant, to the effect that "it is beyond tlie power of Her -Majesty's Govornnient to exchide I'ritish or C'anadian shi])S from any portion of the liigli seas, even i'or an hour, wilhoiit legislative sanction." • Seo Iiielosiire 1 in No. 303. 480 You inform me tli.at witliout commenting- on the tact tiiat his Lordship assumes the waters surrounding tlie Pribjlott' ishmds to be tiic high seas, the President instructs you to say tiiat it woukl satisfy your Government if Lord Salisbury woukl, by public Proclamation, simply request that vessels sailing under the British flag should abstain from entering the Bchring's Sea for the present season. You add, if this request shall be complied with, there will be full time for impartial negotiations, and, as the President hopes, for a friendly conclusion of the differences between the two Governments. 1 have telegraphed the aljove communication to Lord Salisbury, ply to your tolc. 'rant of yesterday, you may present the Protest. No. 358. -S'/r .7. Pauncefote to the Marquis of Salisburij. — (Received June 12.) (Tclegrn])hic.) Washington, June 11, 1890. PEFElvKING to my previous telegram of to-day, I presume that Her Majesty's Government have no objection to refer to arbitration the question of the legal right of the United States' Government to exclude British sealing-vessels from Bchring's Sea. If this be so, I should be glad to know whether they woidd consent that the proposed Proclamation should be issued on the express conditions that the United States' Govern- ment shall r.ot interfere with our flag this season, and, if the award be against them, shall at once ])ay damages for past interference, and compensate British sealers for losses sustained by them in complying with the Proclamation. No. liSO. The Marquis of Salisbury to Sir J. Pauncefote, (Telegraphic.) Foreign Office, June 12, 1890. IN rc])1y to your telegram of yesterday, I have to state that there arc aerious con- stitutional (lillieulties in tlie way of your nroposal. Hut it might save time if, -without prejudice to either side, you could ask the Goveriiuient of the United States whether, siij)posing Her Majesty's GovcrnnKmt were to agree (d issue a Proclamation, and as to its terms, the United States' Govermncnt will agi'cc ti) the three conditions t'ormulated by you, namely, to refer the legality of their i)riicec(lings to arbitration, to abstain from any interference Avith the British ilag, and. iii case of an adverse award, to pay for damages resulting from the Proelaniation. 481 No. 3G0. The Marquis of Salisbury to Sir J. Pauncefote. (Tclegmphic.) Foreign Office, June 12, 1890. IIEFEERING to my previous telegram of to-day's date, it" we could come to terms on tlii'i profjc al we would suggest some such kind of Proelamation as the following : — " Whereas, the United States and Her ilajesty's Government have agreed to refer to arhitr-" '"tn the legality of the action of the United States in making certain captures ot J?ritish vessels in the Behring's Sea ; and whereas the United States have engaged if the award should he adverse to them to pay compensation not ouly for past interference, but for any loss arising from abstention from sealing consequent on this Proclamation. Captains arc hereby requested not to seal in i3ehriug's Sea (luring the i)resent season." No. IKil. Sir J. Pauncefote to the Marquis of Salisburii. — [Received June 13.) 5Iy Lord, IVashinyton, June 3, 1890. J. HAVE tlie honour to inform your Lordship that, since the recei[)t of Mr. Blaine's note of the 29th ultimo, informing me of the rejection of tiie draft Convention by liis Government, I have been in (!onstant, communication Avith him, with the view of coming to some possible settlement of the Bijhring's Sea question. On the 30th ultimo Mr. Blaine informed me that he Avas to have an interview with tlie President, the result of which he promised to communicate to me as soon as possible. 1 accordingly received a note from him last night, a copy of which is inclosed herewith, in which he states that the President is of opinion that an arbitration could not be concluded in time for this season, but ho is anxious to know " Mhether Lord Salisbury, in order to ])romotc a friendly solution of the question, Avill make for a siiigh> season the B(^gulation Avhich in lt;88 he olfered to make permanent." Your Lordship Avill obscn-ve that the ahovc proposal is identical with that contained !if the conclusion of ilr. Blaine's note of the 29th ultimo. In vicAV of the receipt of your Lordship's telegram of the 31st ultimo, and in order to save time, I at once Avrotc a note, a copy of Avhich is also inclosed, to Mr. Blaine in r(>ply, in Avhich I informed him that Uer iEajesty's GoA-ernment A\'cre not prepared to agree to such a llegulation as Avas suggested by Mv. Blaine. I have &e. (Signed) ' JULIAN PAUNCEFOTE. luclosure 1 in No. 3(>1, }fr. Hiuiiie to Sir J. Pauncefote, My dear Sir Julinn, Department of State, Washington, June 2, 1890. T HAVE had a iirolnnged inlorvieAv Avith the President on the matters upon which Ave an; endeavi uring to coiae to an agre(>ment toucliing the I'ur-seal q\iestion. 'J'he President expresses th(> opinion that an arhilration could not he concluded ill time for tJiis season. Arliilralion is ol' little A-alue unless it is conducted Avith the most careful (l(>libevatioii. What the President most anxiously desires to kiioAV is whether Lord Salisbury, in order (o promote a rriendly solution of the question, will make lor a single season the Uegulatioii which in 1888 he olfered to make ])eriiianeiit. Tiic I'rcsident ri'ganls that as tin' step Avliieh Avill lead most certainly and most |)roin])tly to a friendly agrciMiient lH>tween the two Goveriunents. I have, &e. (Signed) JAMES G. BLAINE. [128] 3 Q 482 luclosuro 2 in No. 361, Sir J. Pauncefote to Mr. Blaine. Doar j\[r. Blaine. IVa.shlHijton, June '6, IS'.X). IN reply to your Ii'ttci- of yestci'day evoniiii;f toucliiii^; the fur-seal question, I b(w to state that I am in a jiosition to answer at once the inquiry " whether Lord Salisl)ury, in order to ])r()niote a friendly solution of the (jnestion, will make for a sinti^le reason the llei^ulation whieh in 18SS he offered to make permanent." Tiie words Avhieh 1 quote from your letter have reference, no douhl, to the proposal of the United States that Jh'itish sealinij;-vcssels sliould he entirely exchulod 'rom the i{e]u'ini,''s Sea during the seal fishery season. I shall injt attenipt to discuss here whether what took place in the course of the ahortive negotiations of ISSS amounted to an offer on the part of Lord Salishury "to make such a regulation permanent." It will suffice for the present ])urpos(^ to state that the furthxr examination of the question which has taken place has satislied his Lordship that such an extreme measure as that proposed in ISSS goes far heyond tiie requiremtnits of the case. Jlcr Majesty's Government arc quite willing to adoi)t all measures which shall ho satisfa(!torily proved to he necessary for the preservation of the fiu- seal species, and to (niforce sueli ineasurcs on British suhjccts hy proper legislation. But they are not prepared to agree to such a regulation as is suggested in your letter, for the present lishery season, as, apart from other consideriitions, there would he no h>gal power to enforce its observance on British subjects and British vessels. I have, &c. (Signed) JULTAN I'AUNCEFOTE. No. 3G2. Colonial Office to Foreign Office. — {Received .June 14.) Sir, Downing Street, June 13, 1890. I AM directed by Lord Knutsford to tranauiit to you, for the information of tin- Marquis of Salisbury, a copy of a despatch from the Governor-General of Caiiada, forwarding a claim from the owners of the " I'athfinder" for the detention of that vessel at Neagh Bay in March last. I am, &c. (Signed) EDWARf) WINGKIELD. Inclosure 1 in No. .iG2. Lord Stanleij of Preston to Lord Knulnford. My Lord, Government House, Ottawa, Mau 20, 1890. I HAVE t!io honour to forward herewith, for transmission to the LJniled States' authorities, a copy ol' an a))provcd Minute of tlie I'rivy Council of Canada, to wliicii is attached a formal declaration of the managing owner of the British schooner " I'atli- finder," setting forth the particulars of the seizure of that vessel in Neagh Bay. in the State of Washington, by the United States' Revemie cutter " Corwin," and preferring ti cii>im for damages to the amount of 3,000 dollars against the United States' Governniont in consequence of the said seizure. Your Lordship has already been informed in the Deputy Governor's despatch ot the 2."hd October last of the circumstances of the former seizure of this vcsstd in JJehring's Sea on the 27th August last hy the same United States' cruizer. [ have, &c. (Signed) STANLEY OF PRESTON. 483 Inclosure 2 in No. 362. Reporl of a ('orr.mUlec of tin- Honourable the Privy C'ouuril, approrrd by his Ercellcncy the Governor-General in Council on the 12th Miiy, 18'J0. OX a Iteport dated the 23rd April, 1890, from the ^linister of Marine and FislicrieH, siiliinittin;^', in connection with previous Reports on tlio subject of seizures of British fohing-ve.ssels in the Uehring's Sea, and more particularly with reference to tiie ilinute of Council apjiroved by your Excellency on the 14th September, ISBi), detailinjj the ciicuni- stauces of the seizure of ihe schooner " Pathfinder," a formal declaration of the nianaj^ing owner of the " i'athfinder," in which are set I'ortii particulars of the subsecjuont seizure of the vessel in Nca,i>li Bay, in the State of Washington, United States of America, on the evening of the •2'ith Marci;, 1890, by the I'nited States' Revenue cutter "Thomas D. Corwin ; " the Commander having recognized tlie " Pathfinder " as a vessel which had lieeu seized in Behring's Sea during the previous year. The "Pathfinder" sought Neagh liay through stress of weather, and was undergoing ii'pairs at the time of the secoiul seizure. The vessel was towed to Port 'i'ownseiul and ])liK'ed in clinrge of ollicers from the Revenue cutter, until released on the afteriu)on of the 2!lth Mnrci.. The Minister further submits a claim advanced by Mr. William Munsie, of Victoria, hritish Columbia, nierciiant. as managing owner of tiie vessel in question, amounting to li.OOO dollars for loss resulting and expenses by reason of the seizure. The Committoe on the recommendation of the Minister of .Marine and Fisheries, advise that your E.Kcellency be moved to forward a copy of this ilinute, together with tlie piiper herewith, to the Right Honourable the Secretary of State for the Colonies, for tniMsmission to the Government of the United States. All which is respectfully submitted for your Excellency's approval. (Signed) JOH-S J. McGEE, Clerk, Privy Council. Inclosure 3 in No. ;102. Declarniion of Mr. li. Munsie. Dominion of Canada, Province of British Columbia, City of Victoria. I, WILLIAM MUNSIE, of the city cf Victorin, in tho Province of British C( lumbia, iMiichant, solemidy and sincerely declare as follows ; — 1. 1 am the mannging owiu'r of the hereinafter mentioned schooner "Pathfinder," iliily registered at the port of Victoria aforesaid. 1. The said schooner is employed exclusively in the sealing business, and left the \)inl of Vicforia on or about Ihe 17tli January last on a sealing voyage along the Pacific const, south of Vancouver Islatul. 3. f)n or about the 8fh l''el)ruHry last the "Pathfinder" returned to Victoria for repairs, and siiiled again for the same purpose on or about the 12th l''ebniary last. 4. On or about tiie 2.'ird dny of March last, when olf Cape Flattery, the " Palhfimler " encountered a storm and becanre disabled by the brealdng of the tiller-band, nnd was forced to (iiul shelter in the nearest iuirbour, Neagh Buy, in the State of Wasliington, I'nited States of America, lying about 9 miles from Cape Flattery. The " Pathlinder" iuichored in Neagh Bay on the 2iith March last. On the evening of tiie 27th .Mnrch, while -^lill lying in said bay, undergoing repairs, an ollicer from the United States' Revenue I'utler "Thomiis I). Corwin," boarded the " Pathtinder" ami asked for the siiip's papecs. These were handed to him, in;:;>"clcd by him, and in rei)ly to a question by the captain of the " Pathlinder " as to whether they were all right, he replied that lie wouU report to the Ciiplain of the ciilter. Next morning the Captain of the cutter sent an officer on board llie " Pathfinder" with ii request that her ca])tain would go on board liie cutler and lake his piijiers «ith him. Tiie captain did so, and after looking over liie )mpers the Captain (it Ihe cutter said he recognized tin' " Pathfinder '" as a vessel which had been seized last year, uiul that he must detain her, as the law must be maintained. He llien ordered Ihe captain of the " I'alhlinder" to heave his anchor, nnd said he would lake the " Path- finder '' to Ihe nearest telegraph station, which was Port Angeles. 'I'iie captain of the " I'iilhnnder " protested against being removed, and declined to lioist anchor. Tiio fl2K] 3 "g 2 484 Captain of the cutter replied that if lie did not hoist anchor men would he sent from the cutter to do so. Upon this the captain of the " Pathfinder" went hack to his vessel and ordered liis men to heave the anchor up. The " Pathfinder " was then talccn in tow by the cutter, and taken to Port Townsend. At that ])lace two officers from the cutter were placed on hoard tiie " Pathfinder," and remained in charge until the " Patlifinder " was released. Tiie captain of the " PatL- finder " entered a protest from the office of tlie Collector of Customs, Port Townsend, and .also filed a protest with the Captain of the cutter. After doing so he was persuaded to withdraw both protests until reply had been received fiom Washington as to what disposition would be made of the " Pathfinder." f). The "Pathfinder" was released on tlie afternoon of tiic 29th March last, and arrived at Victoria aforesaid on the morning of the 31st March last. G. By reason of the said seizure or detention of the "Pathfinder," her owners have lost at least a week of the best period of the spring seasons for sealing. In consequence, also, of the seizure and detention, a number of the crew of tlie " Pathfinder " have deserted, causing inconvenience and loss in filling their places. 7. In respect of the said seizure and detention, and of the losses thereby resulting, and for the expenses incurred by reason of sucli seizure or detention, I, as managing owner of the " Pathfinder," claim of and from the (xovernment of the United States as damages the sum .'^,000 dollars. And 1, William Alunsie, make this solemn declaration, conscientiously believing the same to be true, and by virtue of the Acts respecting extra-judicial oaths. (L.S.) ' (Signed) WM. MUNSIE. Declared at the city of Victoria, British Columbia, this 3rd day of April, .\..d. 1890, Before me, (Signed) Authiih L. Bki.vka, A Notiinj Public Inj Royal Autlwritij in and for the Province of British Columbia. So. 3G3. .S'/r J. Pauncpfote to Ike Mard) J. PAUNCEFOTB. Inclosun^ 1 in No. ;5(!!{. Mr. Hluine to Sir .7. Pnunre/ole. Sir, Department of Slate, Washinijton, .fane 4, IHDO. I HAVE your favour of the 2n(l instant. The President sincerely regrets that his (ioiisideriite and most friendly proposal for adjustment of all troubles e()iineet(!(l with the Hehring's Sea should hi' so promptly rejected. The paragraph in your note in which you refer to Lord Salisbury's position needs explanation. J quote it in full : — " It will siiiliee for tlur present |)urp()se to state thai the fiirtluM' examination of the (Hi(>stion which has taken place has safislled his Lordship that such an extreme meusiire as thai ])i'opo''ed in ]S8H go(>s far beyond tin; reqiiiretnents of tlu! ease." I do not know what may have been the "examination of the question" that " liiis satisfied Jiord Salisbury that such an extreme measure as that jiroposed in 1888 goes far beyond the re(|iiirenients of tli(> ease." I only know that the most extreme measure [jroposed came from Lord Salisbury himself, in suggesting a (dost! season as far south as the I7tb i»arallel of latitude, to'last from the ir»t'b April to the 1st Oefoher la oavh year. 4S5 At tho close of liis negotiations with Mr. Phelps, in September 1888, his Lordship, still api)roviag the " measures to prevent tiie wanton destruction of so valuahle an industry," declared, apparently with regret, that " tlie Canadian Government objecited to any such restrictions " {i.e., as those which his Lordship had in part proposed and nlioily approved), and that, "until its consent would he obtained, iter .Majesty's Goverinneut was not willing to enter iuto tiie Convention." It is o\ ideiit, tberefore, tliat iu 1888 Lord Salisbury abruptly closed the negotiations because, in ids own plirase, " the Canadian Government objected." He assigned no othin- reason whatever, and, until your note of the 2nd was received, this Government had never bc^en informed that Ids Lordship entertained any other objections tlian those expressed in September 1888. It is proper to recall to your recollection that at divers times in ])ersonal conversa- tion I have proposed to you, on behalf of tliis Government, a close season materially sliorter in point of time tiian was voluntarily olTered by Lord Salisbury, and much less extouded in point of space. Instead of going as far south as the 47tli parallel, I have finiueutly indicated the willingness of this Government to talie tlie dividing line between the Pacific Ocean and the Eehring's Sea — the line which is tangent to tlie soiitiiernmost island of the Aleutian group — being as near as may be the .'>()th parallel of north latitude. Early in April you will remember that you suggested to mc the advantage that might follow if the sailing of Ilevenue cutters for Jielu-ing's Sea could Ix; |)o.st])()ned till the middle of JIay. Though that was a matter entirely under the control of the Treasury Department, Secretary Windom promptly complied with your request, ami by the President's direction a still longer postponement Avas ordered in the liope that some form of equitable adjustment might be proposed by Her Maj(!sty's Government. Even the Ilevenue cutter which annually [)asses through JJehring's Sea carrying supjtlies to the relief station at Point Harrow in tho Arctic Ocean — 72nd degree of north latitude — was held back, lest her appearance in Hehring's Sea might be mis- represented as a non-observance of the understanding between us. It is ])erfectly (dear that if your claim for jiritish vessels to kill seals within 10 nules of the Pribyloif Islaiuls, directly after the mothers are delivi'rcd of their young, should be granted, the Behring's Sea would swarm with vessels engaged in sealing, not forty or lil'ty as now, but many hundreds, tlu'ou'^h the summ(>r months. If that privilege should be given to Canadian vessels, it must of course ho, coiu!cdcd at onee to American vessels. If the rookeries are to be thrown open to Canadians, tboy would certainly, as matt from the corr(!ctn(!ss or in(!orrectness of Mr. Tingle's eouelu- sioiis on that point, may I ask upon what grounds do the Canadian vessels assert a claim, unless they assuuu' that they have a tith; to the increase of the seal herd? 11' the claim of tin; I'nited States to the seals of the Pribyloif Islands be W(dl founded, we are certainly entitled to the increase as much as a slieep-grower is entitled to the increase of his llock. Having introduced Mr. Tiiigh', who has very extensive knowledge to\iehiug the sials iu Hehring's Sea, .as well as the habits of the Canadian marauders, Mrustycm will not discredit his testimony. The following slatefm'ut, made by .Mr. Tingle iu his oHicial Repm't to the Treasury .De])artment at the clos(! of the season ol 1HS7, is respccttully commended to your consideration : — 486 " I am now convinced, from what I gather in questioning the men belonging to captured schooners, and from reading the logs of the vessels, that not more than one seal in ten killed and niortally wounded is landed on the boats and skinned ; thus you will SCO the wanton destruction of seal life without any benefit whatever. I tliiuk 30,000 skins taken this year is a low estimate on this basis; 300,000 fur-seals wore killed to soeuvc that nurai)er, or three times as many as the Alaska Commercial Company arc allowed by law to kill. You can readily see that this great slaughter of seals will in a few years make it impossible for JvO.OOO skins to be taken on the islands by the lessees. 1 earnestly hope more rigorous measures Avill be adoj)ted by tlu; Government in dealing with these destructive law-breakers." T?()th of Mr. Tingle's statements are made in bis olTieial capacity, and in ])oth cases he bail no tcnnptatioii to state anything except what he honestlv believed to be tlio trutli. The rresidcnt does not conceal his disa[)pointm(;nt tbat, even for the sake ol' securing an impartial arbitration of the question at issue, ller ^lajcsty's Goveriunent is not willing to suspend for a single season the practice which Lord Salisbury descrilu'il in isss US "the wanton destruction of a valuable industry," and which this (lovevn- ment has uniformly regarded as an unprovoked invasion of its established rights. I have, &c. (Signed) JA:\rE.S G. BIAIM;. Inclosure 2 in No. 363. Sir J. Pauncefote to Mr. Blaine. Sir^ Washington, June (5, Ih'.X), I llAN'E the honour to acknowledge the recei])t of your olliciial note of the Itli instant, commenting upon the reply which i returned to the inquiry contained in your letter of t be 2nd instant, whether the Marquis of Salisbiu'y would, in order to jjroniote a friendly sohition of the fur-seal question, agree to the total eXv^iUsion of JJritish sealers from I ne Behring's Sea during the present fishery season. You exj)ressed the regret of the President that " his considerate! and most friendly proposal for the adjustment of all trouble connected with the Beliring's Sea should be so promptly rejected." I have this day transmitted a copy of your note to Lord Salisbury, and, pendini? further instructions, [ will abstain fronr pursuing tlie discussion on the various points Avith which it d(>als, especially as the views of ller jNIajesty's Government on tlie main ([uestions involvt'd are stated with great precision in Lord Salisbury's despatch of the 22iul May, which I bad the honour to read to ytm yesterday, and of whicli, in accordance with your desire, I loft a co))y in your hands. I Motdd only observe that, as regards the sufliciency or insufilciency of the radius of 10 miles aroinul tlie rookeries " withhi which ller Majesty's Government jjrojwsc that senliM's should be excluded," no o|)portunity was alVorded me of discussing the ((ucsfion before the proposals of iier Majesty's Goverimumt wen; summarily rejeeled. 1 may mention also that 1 fear there has been some misa)»prehension as regards ii requi'st which you ajjpear to havspecting the date of the sailing of United States' lleveiuie cutters for Hehring's Sea. 1 have no reeollt.'ctiou of having mad(! any s\tggcstioti with refcreuci; to those; llevenvie cutters, exc(>pt that their Coninu\nd(>rs should receive ex|)licit instructions not to apply the Municipal Liiw of dm United States to British vessels in Hebring's Sea outside of territorial wali'rs. 1 have, &c. (Signed) J. rAUNCEl'Ol'i';. No. 304. Colonial Office to Foreign 0/fice. — {Rcrd red Juno 18.) Sir, Downing Street, June 17, 1)^90, I AM directed by Lord Kmitsford to transmit to you, for the information ol the Manpiis of Salisbury, a copy of the Aimunl Report for 1881) of the Canadian Minister of iMnrine and Fisheries. I am to cnll attention to the Keport on the fur-seal fishery. I UUI, &c. (Signed) JOHN BlUMSTON. 487 [nclosurc in No. 364. lirlriirtfrom the Annual Report of the Department of Fisheries, Dominion of Canada, for the calendar year 1889. Marine Furs. THE Returns sliow an increase in the catch this .season of o,o87 f'nr-seaisivins, and twenty-five sea-otters. There were 1,922 more sealsiiins taken on tlic coa.st hy our vessels than in 1888, and 2,558 more hy foreigners, who sold tlieir catches in Victoria. The following Table shows the detailed catch of the sealing fleet for tiiis season : — !ii:i'iii!N showing the Number of Vessels, Boats, and Men engaged in the Marine I'^n- Fishery ot British Columbia, with the Products and Values, for tlie Season of 1889. 1 V. 1 1 o ^ »?. 'C -— ' 1 Nmiiu' (iC Vessel. Name of Owner. i § o u 1 3 1 Seals caup coast of B Columbia. If'." 11 Total Nun Seals. Viiluo. i Dollars. I'ntlifiiidcr . , Carne and Muii.sie . . 06 24 •142 48 990 9,900 Viva ,, ,, . , 92 6 22 1,481 2.182 3,663 36,630 Miiry Taylor », )t . • 42 11 25 748 , , 748 7,480 TluTc'sa Uabbi»)i;l(m and Co. , . G3 7 23 482 828 1,310 13,100 Aiiiiii' C. Moorr . , C. Huckett •213 7 23 802 1,318 2,120 21,200 I.ily Morris Moss . . 70 18 41 500 532 1 1,032 10,320 IViiclopi' 1, ,, » • 70 6 21 .'J84 1,769 1 2,180 21,800 Lily »i „ • . 08 13 20 280 74 354 3,540 Sii|)|)iiir(' K.U.Marvin 12.1 25 52 l,3(i4 1,626 2,990 2IJ,900 Aurora , . Adolph Wnsburp; . . 41 l;) 38 810 , , 816 8,160 .Iiiaiiila Hall and Goepel 40 i;i 29 135 29 t 164 1,640 .\rh'\ v.. W. liucknani >.)0 c 22 934 1.400 2,334 23,310 K;ite j Chas. Spring 58 10 24 624 800 1,424 14,240 Kiiviiritc tl M " . 79 10 25 340 l,7(i4 2,104 21,040 MiifjS-ie Mack J. Djdrt . , 70 fi 25 777 1,290 2.067 20,670 W. 1'. Sayward . , J. D. Warren 5!) 12 29 557 1,643 2,200 22,000 Minnie Victor .lacubsen 40 10 21 200 500 700 7,000 Miiiintaiii Cliicf „ 20 s 13 210 210 2,100 Wiindcroi' . . ll.l'ayton.. IS G 15 178 178 1,780 Illack Diamond M. iMoss . . 81 12 29 629 '"55 684 6,840 lifiilricc Wni. Grant 67 7 22 500 700 1,200 12,000 '^ii'ira , , 10 2 5 80 , , 80 800 Winifred , . 10 2 5 22 • • 22 220 1,19!) 21.'! 559 12,985 16,585 29.570 295.700 Siii-oiter ca«|{ht liy Benlinj; fleet. Hi, at 100 dolli rs eaoh • • • • 1,500 I'stiniato of seals purchased IVdiu Indians , , , , , , , , 4,000 40,tl00 ., sea-oltcr pun^lia^ed from Indians, !()( ), at lot ) dollar 1 each 10,000 hair seals, 7,0111) els • • •• •• •• , , 2,625 (ira id total by Cntiadian vess 33,570 349,825 483 Fl'U-Seals caught by Foreign Vessels and disposed of in Victoria, British Columbia. Xuniber nf Number of Nnme of Seals ea-.iiilit on Seals enuglit Total Number ^ esBil. Hritish in of Seiris. lotal Value. Columbia coust. Behring'a Sea. DoUnrs. Wiiltci- I., liicli . . . . Anieiiciiii 1.119 ^ . 1,419 14.1i)ll San Dic'no • • •, 09 69 O'JO T. II. Lewis ,, 2J2 , , 242 2.420 Venture .. . • i. ;il7 ^ , 317 3,170 Allie S. Al-cr > > 1. 25.3 ^ , 253 2,5,",0 Hairv Limns 1. 18 700 718 7.180 Lottie , , 025 025 0,250 JloUio Ail:inis • . •\ • • 1,.553 1,.55.'! 15,530 Bejsie Uiilu'i- , , 525 525 5,250 AcUle . . . . German fnivignci-s 210 1.467 i,707 17,070 ■l'()t;,l \n 2,55S 4,870 7,428 71,2.>iO It will tlius be seen that there are more vessels in the trade than last j'e.ar. This was on account of an anticipated settlement of the Beliring's Sea question. Tiie vessels bad l)ecn i)reviously purchased on the Atlantic coast for the purpose of prosecuting tliis trade in Beliring's Sea, but when they readied tliis coast and found the question was still unsettled, tliey paid more attention to hunting on the coast. No. 365. Admirally to Foreiijii Office. — {Received June 20.) Sir, Admiralty, June 19, 1890. I A.M commanded by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty to transmit, for the perusal of tlic Secretary of State for Foi'oign Ali'airs, copies of two letters from Captain Hulton, of Her Majesty's ship " .Amphion," respecting the Behring's Sea fishery. I am, &c. (Signed) EVAN MACGREGOR. Inclosure 1 in No. 30/). Captain Hulton to Admiralty. (Extract.) " Amphion," at Esiiuimnlt, May 28, 1890. WITH reference to your recent telegrams to hasten the repairs of Her Majesty's ship " Ani|iliion,'' if possible, she being very much reciuired, and your inquiries as to the movements of tlie sealing ileet to Behring's Sea, I have the honour to supplement my telegraphic replies as follows : — I inclose lierewitli a list of the sniling-schooncrs cleared from Victoria for this season's fishing, and about to clear, furnished me by the Lieutenant-(rovernor, his Honour Hugh Nelson, in reply to my letter of which a copy is attached. The seiiiini; Ih'ct have just about linished their coast catching, moving slowly up from the Californiun coast, and are now midway between Clayaquot Sjund and the southernmost of tiic Shumagan Islands. Tlie vessels mostly cleared in February and Mnrch, and few of tliein return till th(! autumn uidcss in distress of some sort, owing to difficulties with their crews, with drunkenness ami desertion. One or two vessels communicate witii them from time to time, bringing imck the catches of skins. &c. As tliey work north they replenish at a sealing store in Clayaquot Sound, and by the end of .li:ne they have all assemhled in the Sluimagau Islands, and are mostly to be found in North-lilast Harbour, on the southernmost but one of the islands of that groui». A second point at which the vessels are then to be found is at Sand I'oint, about .'"lO' to tli(> northward of North-East Harbour, where tiie vessels beach to clean and repair, reviclual and water. .\.l. 1 .1.1 2 HI ;! M 1 W 5 f) t> Vi 7 \V s Se 10 M 11 M 12 Sm 13 M 11 Li 15 A I ir, P, 17 'I'l 18 l''i 19 Vi ao M 21 M 22 Si< 23 Ki 21 W 489 A third Imrbour which they nsc, a little north of Sand Point, is Falmouth Harbour, hut it is smaller, and not so miicii frequented. jVbout tlie 2(ith Juno a small vessel (probably a small steam-tug) will «ro up to llie above rendezvous «itli letters, &e.. and to receive skins; she wmild arrive tliere aliout the 2Tlb or 2Stb June, and tiie scliooners would aijain weigh and pet amongst the scaN, working their way to the passes, principally the Unimak and the 7-nd Pass, as it is ciilicil (l7-*° west longitude). These passes the vessels all go through between the 1st and lOtb July. 'I he time the vessels are in the Behring's Sea is from the 1st or lOih Julv to al)out the liitli or 30th September, though, if a vc.«sel is lucky, she hiis frequeritly left by tiic latter half of August, not to return again that season. Inclosure 2 in No. 3G5. Captain lliilton to Liriitcnant-Govornor A^elson. Sir, " Anipliion," at Esquinuilt, Mai/ 2^, ]8d0. I HAVE the honour to r-^qucst that you will be good enough to instruct the Collector of Customs to furnish me as quickly as possible witli a detailed list of the seal ng- vc'sseis owned by IJritisli sulijects ilmt Inive been cleared for the north (^presumably for Ik'lning's Sea) for this summer's sealing. On the li>t, 1 am an.\iotis to have shown me the tonnage and rig of the vessels, iinmcs of the captains, numbers of their crews, and the names and addresses of their owners; and I further reque'«t tliat the Collector of Cnstoms may be directed to give me every assistance in getting tiic fullest information possible. 1 have, &c. (Signed) E. GEEY HULTOX. Inclosure ?$ in Xo. 305. Special Memorandum for LiPHtcmml-Govcrmr Nelson. Sealino Vessels cleared for IJehring's Sea. No. SdlOOlRT. Master. Tors. Crew. 1 .liuinitii, now Mascot L. (ilsi'ii ■10 4 I) l!liii''.< Di.imoiiil. now KiC larinc II. Snii U HI d ;! MoUio .Vdnnis. now E. 11 .Marvin .. .. U. !■•. M.Koill .. 118 2;j •t Wl.lUT I,. Itich .. 11, !•'. Sieweld .. -I 23 ,1 O (Mil 111 lli; \V. (). I.eaiv .. 80 23 li VcnluiT.. J. Mel-ind 4S 4 7 \V. I'. Savwaril .. (i It. I'eiev .. to 7 « Si'ii I.imi 1*'. Ma«;riesen • • . . 50 2t ;i Tiinnipli ('. Cox 98 20 10 Mii;;)'ii.' .Mack .lol.n M. Dodd . . 71 21 11 Minnie' ,. V. .Iiirolis.n •16 10 Vi Siippliiro W. Cox 120 9 l.i M iiy 'I'aylor .1. I'au'npnrt . . 13 ,1 11 I.ilv .. 0. .Mel) •nald ., 6!) fi ir. .Vurorii . . V. in.rod 41 4 IK P. lu'lopu A. C. I'Vltfer .. •Jl 20 17 Tiicri'sii . . .loliii Sliile (ii ^3 IS I''nvoiito ],. .MeLean (il 6 l',» Vi>i .. W. i;. ll.iker . . U-2 23 20 Mary VAen It Mel.i'an 611 27 21 Mountain Chitf . . .Irvines Ne\va»siiin (Indian r 2.1 S 22 Sicriu .. 'i'lins. C'HotmuiU't (Indian) 2.5 6 2;! Kuto O. 'Iluinias flS 5 21 Wanderer Ily. I'axion .. . . 26 About to clear. [128] The bcforc-nicniioned all of Victoria Registry. 3 R 490 These last-mentioned of Registry at Ports nameil. No. Scbonner. Muster. Tons. 1 Crew. 25 Aiiiiie C. Moore .. • • ,. C. Ilackett, of SUclboiirnc, Nova Spotin 117 i 2;! 26 Ariel .. - • • ■ Jolin Rcilly, of St. Jolin's, Nowfoiindlnnil 00 i 7 27 C. H. 'I'uppcr • • , , , , C. S. Kelly 99 ! 28 Beutrire • • ■• • • C. Kccfe •• : 5 1 Of 8han£fliae. but of British Registry, 30 Is overdue from Halifax. Particulars not as yet obtainable. The following of Foreign Registry. Allele . . . . German, registered at Sliani^liae. G. W. O. Hansen oO And sonic five vessels of United States' sealing-scliooners that make this their ]iort of departure. (Signc(l) A. R. MILNE. Collector of Customs Inclosurc 4 in Xo. 305. Further Memorandum in re Sealers for Captain Hiiltoii. No. Schooner. 1 Jiianita, now Mi scot ., 1 .loliii Kinsman () 1 shares. '2 HlaeU Diainimri, now K: tliarine . . .lolin L. I'eiinv Ditto. 3 Mollie Ailanis, now K. I . Marvin .. Jolin G. Cox Managing owner. 4 rathfinder, now Pioneer William Munsie Ditto. 5 Walter 1-. liicli Charles N. Cameron . . Ditto. (> Ocean Belie John Kinsman Ditto. 7 Ventnre. . Donald Urquhart Ditto. H W. P. Savward Andrew Lainjj Ditto. y Sea l.ion Ocor(;e Collins . . (i 1 shares. 10 'i'liuniph John G. Cox Mnna'.;ini; owner. 11 Majjijie Mack John Dodd. . Ditto. 12 Minnie . . V. Jacobaen .. (it shares. 13 t>apphiie John G. Cox .Managiiij; ownc r. 14 Mary Tuvlor .. William Munsie Ditto. 15 Lily . . . . V. Jacohscn Ditto. 16 Aurora . . , . A. Wa.'^her^; . . Ditto. 17 Penelope , . Morris Moss . . Ditto. 18 Theresa ■ . .. P. A. liabbington .. Ditto. 19 Favorite . . Charles Sprinj; 04 shares. 20 Viva . . ., William Mun.sie Managing owner. 21 Marv Allen . , Morris Moss , . fit shares. 22 Mountain Chief . , Jauit s Newassnra . . Managing owner. 23 Sierra . . . . ■ Thos. Cheetmallet . , Ditto. 24 Kate . . Charles Spring (i 1 shares. 25 Wanderer Hy. I'nxton Managing owner. 20 27 2S 29 30 Annie C. Moore Arii'l . . C, II. I'upper lieatriee , . Cai-melite Not recorded in Victoria, Ditto. Ditto. Ditto. Ditto. li.C 31 Adelc , . A German vessel, registered in Shanghae. The sity contiibute. I find the record of the following conversation about the date to which AJr. Blaine refers: — " The Marquis of Salisbirnj to Sir L. West. " Sir, " Foreii/n Office, March 17, 1S88. "Since forwarding to you my despatch of the '22m\ ultimo, 1 have been in communication with the lUissian Anibassiulot at this Court, ami have invited his Excol- leiicy to ascertain whether his Government would authorize him to discuss with Mr. Phelps and myself the suggeslion made by Mr. lanyard in his despatch of the 7th February, that concerted action sluudd be taken by the United States, Great Britain, and other interested Powers, in order tn ])rescrve from extermination tlte fur-seals which at certain sensons arc found in llehring's Sea. " Copies of the corres])ondence on this question which has passed between JI. do Staal and myself is inclosed lierewi li. " r request that you will inform Mr. P.ayan! of the steps which have been tid;on, with a view to the initiation of negotiations for an Agreement between ttie three Powers i)rincipally concerned in the maintenance of the seal tisheries. But in so doing, yon should state that this action, on the part of Jler .Majesty's (Tnvernniont, must not be taken as an admission of ttie rights of jurisdiction in Behring's Scd exercised there by the United Slates' authorities during t!ie (isliinir seasons of 188G-S7 and 1^87-88, nor as affecting the claims nhicli Her Majesty's Governiiioiit will have to jiresent on account of the wrongful seizures which have taken place of British vessels engaged in the seal fishing industry. " T am, &c. (Signed) " S.vusBUitY." In pursuance of this despatch, the suggestion made by Mr. Bayard to which 1 referred wns di.-cussed, and negotiations were initiated for an .Agreement hctHccu the three Powers. The following despatch contains the record of what I lielieve was the first meeting between the Bcprcscntatives of the three Powers upon the subject : — " The Marquis of Salisbury lo Sir L, West. " Sir, " Forriijn Office, April IG, 1888. "The IJiissian Ambassador .'iiid the L'niteu Stales Charg<; d'.Miaires called upon me this afternoon to discuss the qnesllon i ' the seal fi.>heries in Behring's Sea, tthich had been brought into prominence liy the recent action of the United States. "The United States' Government bad i.sj icssed a desire that some Agrceineiit shoidd be arrived at between the three Governments for the !mr])ose of iirohihitiiig the slaughter of the seals during the time of bleeding; and, at my request, JI. de Staal had obiaiiied instructions from his Government on that (piestion, "At this jireliminary discussion it was decided proiisionalti), in order lo furnish a basis for vrynlialioii, and vilhout definitirely pledrjint/ our Governments, that ihe space to be covered by the ))ioposed Convention should be the sea between America and ]{iis«ia north of the 47lh degree of latitude; tliat the close time slnmld extend from the 15th April to the 1st November; that '^. tiiat ■' under the |)ecnliar political cinnimstanees of America at this moment, with a i^'enerai elecitiou ini|)endin^, it would be of little nse, and, indecii, hardly ])raelicable, 1o conduct anv nci^otiation 1o its issuer befon; the election had taken nla.'e." I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. No 370. sir ./. Pauncefote to the Manjiiis of Sali.iburi/. — [Received June 24.) .My Lord, U'dshimj'on, June 10, 1800. W rril reference to my teleuram of to-day, 1 liave the iiomiui' to inclose herewith copy of a Meuiorandnm ubich I gave to Mr. Hliiine at oar inlerview of yesterday on tla* subject of the inability of IKi !\liije.-ty's Ciovei'unKiit lO exclude British vessels from the high seas without ]ei;islati\e sanctiou. T have. &c. (Si-ned) JULLW PAU.NCKFOTE. liiclosuri' in No. :')7(^. Meninr(J\iiii. LORD SAIilSlUJUY re-;rets that tlie President of the TTniced States should t'link him wanting in conciliation, but liis liordship cannot refuiin from thiui-iiig that the I'resident does not ap[)reciate the ditlieulty arising from the law of England. It is entirely hcNonii the powi'i of Her Miijcsty's (ioveriunent to exclude Ibitisli of Canadian ships from any portion of the liigh seas, even for an iiom', without Icgi-lalivc sanction. llcr ^lajcsty's (Jovcriinienl have always been willing, without pledging themselves to details on (he (picstious of area and date, to carry on negotiations, hoping thereby to come to some arrangement ior sucli a (•h)se season as is necessary in order to ]>reserve the ^eal species from rxtinction, but the jnovisions of such an arrangement woidil always rcfjid'c legislative sanctiou, so that liie measures thereby deiennined may bi; eul'orceil. Ijord Salisbury does not recognize the expressions atlribulcd to hiu). Ilo docs not thiidv that lie can have used them, at all events in the context miuitioned. No. 371. Sir ./. Piiiiiirefoir In the Mfininis of Sallxbury. — {Received June 2/).) (Telegraphic. / Washintjltm. June 2."). 1S!)0 iU/rilorO II I have not yet receiNcd the Secretarv of State's promiseil reply to your Lordship's de-patch of the I'-ud idlimo, and tliough lie refuses to proceed w'tli the negotiatituis until that reply is didivered, I am informed that he has amiouncod hi> intention of leaving for the north in the eoiu^e of ui'Xt weeli. I therefore \('nture t) suggest that i nniy b>i authori/.ed to address at one: tu Mr. Blaine an iillieial note, replying lo the President's impiiry. in the sense of your Lordship's tidegrani of llir l:.'lli instant, \iy„, that the issue of a Proehiimitioii as iJrojMised by the I'resJdcMi involves diliieulties of a ( 'oustitiitioual nature, and Her MmjcsIv's Ctdverninent cuuld only consent to issue it as part of a general settlement, and lui the llnee conditions nauu-d below :-- 1. That the ((uesti !n of the legal right of tbc I'nited Slates' (lovernmciit lo inter fere \»ith i'ri'i-h scaling-vessels in Behring's Sea l)e submitted to arbitiati(m. 2. 'i'hat, ])eu(iing llie ri'sidl ol ;he arbitiatioii, tlic United Slates' (JoveinmenL eea~e all iutcrfeienee with Lritish sealers outside of territorial waters. wm :.).) 3. That, if the result of tlic arbitration be adverse to the United States' Government, I'ritish subjects be compensated, not only for past interference, but also for all losses o'lsiiing from their compliance with the Proclamation. No. 372. Colonial Office to Forciyn Office. — (^lipci'irfd June 2(5.) (Extract.) Downivij Strcil, June 2.'), 181)0. WiTK reference to ])revious corresuondence, 1 am directed by Lorii Knutsford to transprn U, yui, to be laid before the Marquis of Salisbury, a copy of a despatch from tlic Governor-Gene.al of Oaiuida, forwardiiiji' an approved Alinute of bis Privy Council recommending that an r..>«L;rance shotdd be souj^lit from tlie United States tluit no attempt will be made to interi'cre with British vessels in Behring's Sea during- the Diesent season. Inclosure 1 In No. 372. Lord Stanley of Preslnii to Lord Knutsford. Jfy Lord, The Citadel, Queljer, June 12, 1890.' AVI'i'l! reference to ))revious corresijondeiice on tlie subject of the seizures of f'aiiadian sealing-vessels in Uehring's Sea, I liave tlic honour to forward iierewith a copy 1)1' an ap)rovo(l .Minute of the Privy Council, embodying a Ucport ot tiic Minister of Marine and ''"isherius. Tl'." Mi-.ister forcildy presents tlie grievance sustained by Canadian subjects in the cour.-i! pursued by the United St!>.tes' autlioiilies in regard to tills matter, and, in view '.'i the fact that aiiother sealing season hiis opened without any intimation of a withdrawal, on the part of the United States, of their extraordinary (daim to jurisdiction over the waters of the open sea, he recommeiuls that an assurance be sought from tlie United States' Government by Her ?vlnjesty's (i.)vernnient that the claim to jurisdiction beyond the ;i-milt; limit will be no longer insisted on. I have, &c. (Signed) STANLEY OF PRESTON. Inclosuro 2 in No. 372. Report of a Committee of the Honourable i!'c Pri.i/ Council, npproved by hin Excellency the (inrernor-dcneral in Council on the 7lh June, \H\)0. ON a Ucport, dated the (ith June, 1800, from the Minister of Mariiu' and Fisheries, expressing regret that it again Itcediius necessary to call tlu; attention of your I']y('ellency to tlu! long per'od which has elapsed since the illegal sei/ri's of British sealing-vessels by I'nited States' Kevenuc cuttor.-j occurred, and to the annual continuance of this inelestation : 'i'lie Minister desires to remind your l*>xc(dleney that tlie attention of the Im[ieiial iuithcrities has fre(|ueiitly been called to all tin I'acts and cinuimstaui'es eonnccled with tlu- ilMIerent sei/.iires which have occurred .«ince IPM'), ami to idiserve that, notwitlu standing the oiiinion i)f the Law Olliccrs of the Crown as to tlic ali-eiice of any jiistilication m tlie part of the United Stairs' authorities lor the acts eompliiiiied of, and iicspite the protests of the ilritish ( iovcrnineiit (vliicli w:'.'.' iiresenled (o tlu; ( iiivernmeiil of the United States, the great wrongs to ihitish subjects go unredreHKed. The .Minisler would especially point out that as yet there has been no wilhdiawul on the part of the United States' anilioiilie- of the assertion of their rivht to previmt- subjecis of Her Majesty from engnging in liimting' st'als in the ileep water-, of iiclirin;;'s Sea. 'I'he Minister observes that inti'iise embarnissinent unil iinaiieia! los- has been experienced in connectioii wit-h the pri'seeulion of this pui:;uu, liiie not only to .iiliiai arrests and molestiition, hut to intimidation cniised by the attitude assumed on lln- part iif till- United states, ever since the year 188/5, as regards the "iglit of sealing in im Belniii'f's Sea. As evidence of the strong desire on the part of }our Excellency's advisers tt* cordially co-operate with the Imperial authorities in reaching', if possible, a friendly settlement, the Minister recalls tlie fact that upon the urgent request of Her Majesty's Government, the Government of Canada agreed to a discussion of the (|ueslion of a close season for fur-seals in the IJehritiji's Sea, notwithstanding the ))er|)etrali(m of the gross wrongs and injuries complained of hy Canada, and in the absence of any definiie assurance or offer of redress. Tiie Minister desires to refer to the Minute of Council approved on the IStli day of March last, dealing at length with a note from the Honourable Mr. 151aine, Secretary of State for the United States, communicating the reply of tiie United States' GovcrnmeiU to a pnitest by Mr. Edwardes, on the i)iirt of the lmi)erial d'overninent, in October last, against tiie seizure in l^HiJ of Canadian vessels. After dealing very fully with tlic question, the Minute went on to say: — " Knowing the dc-ire of both Her AFajesty's Government and the Canadian people to maintain a> I'liendiy relations as possiiile with the people f)f the United Stales, the Minister reciimmends that Her Majesty's (lovernmcnt be informed that your ICxcclleiicv's advisers aie prei):iri'd to discuss any jjroposed international arrangement for the proper pniteciion of the fur-sea . but that before such an inquiry is completed they expeet tiiat the (|uestiiin raised by t le seizures of Canadian vessels iu the iiebriug's Sea shall he settled according to the law of nations, and tliat the claims lor iiidemnily now iu the hands of Hi'r Majesty's (iovernment shall be fully satisfieil.' The Ministi'r fiirtlier (dj>erves that while iiegnliaiinns are in progress touciiing liie (lueslion of a el(>se season, anntlier sealing season li;is begun witlKuit any intiinaliou ( ' a witiulraual on the part of the United States of tiieii' cxlraoniinary chiim t>i jurisdici/V' over the waters of the opeii sen, nor has any indenuiilication been made or assured to Jiv fiubjecis of Her Mi\je-ty «ho have sull'i'red loss i'roni the iik'iial acts on the jiart of tlio United States' authorities. Indeed, it is currently reported in the |)ress of the Uiiiteil Statisand elsewhere that the United Slates' IJevemu- cutters will this year continiu' tu inierlcre with and harass Uiitish sealers when in I5i'hiing's Sea. 'llie .Minister is rnpbic.) /-'. if/ii Oj/ii Ht. ISilO. Tliii proposal made in your telegram of yesterdiiy has my entire eoucmrenc( 497 No. 374. Sir J. Paunce/ote to the Marquis of Salisbury. — (Substance telegraphed, July 3.) My Lord, Waxhington, July I, 1890. I HAVE the honour to transmit a copy of a note which I received yesterday evening from Mr. Blaine, in answer to your Lordship's despatch of the 22nd May, of wliich 1 left a copy in his hands on the 5lh ultimo. In this note Mr. Blaine endeavours to show that the negotiations which preceded tlie conclusion of the Treaty of 1824 hetween the United States and Russia, anu the Treaty of 1S25 between Great Britain and Eussia, had, so far as respects maritime jurisdiction, no reference whatever to the Bchring's Sea, but only to the Pacific Ocean south of the Aleutian Islands, and, therefore, that the United States' Government have not laid thi'mselvcs open to the charge of asserting riglits in the Behring's Sea which tliey disputed as against Russia, before the cession of Alaska to the United States in IST. While repudiating any claim to the Behring's Sea as a mure clausum, Mr. B!aine iiisisls that tiie claim of Russia to exclusive jurisdiction within 100 leiles from land was not disputed as regards the Behring's Sea, but, on the contrary, was acqu'csccd in both by Great Britain and the United States at the time of the Treaties above referred to, nnd that it is only since tiie rights of Russia in Alaska and the Behring's Sea passed to the United States by purchase in 1807 that Great Britain has sought to challenge rights uhicli she respected when Alaska was a Russian province. I have, &c. (Signed) JULIAN PAUNCEFOTE. Inclosare in No. 374. Mr. Blaine to Sir J. Pnuncefote, Sir, Department of Stale, Wa.shinglon, June 30, 1890. ON the 6th instant you read to me a despatcii from Lord Sahshury, dated the 22nd May, and by his instruction you left with me a copy, ilis Lordship writes in answer to my despatch of the 22nd January last. At that time, writing to yourself touching the current contention between the Governments of the United States and Great Britain as to the jurisdiction of tiie former over the waters of the Behring's Sea, 1 made tlu; iMlowing statement : — ■ "Tl.*~ Goyernmcnt of the United States has no occasion and no desire to withdraw or modi" V ilc po.iitions which it has at any time maintained against the claims of tho Inipcfi.-.' 0(.v .nment of Russia. The United Slates will iu)t witlihold from any nation tiic ' i\.1-v^<;'i which it demanded for iisclf when Alaska was ))art of the liiissian Knipire. Kor •< t! r .1' •crn".ient of the United Slates disposed to exercise any less power or authorit.^ i .i> it '.vas willing to conci'de to tiie Imperial Government of Russia when its "'.vieignly . \h' ied over tlie territory in (piestion. Tiie President is persuaded ih:it nil friendly nations .vill concede to the United States the same riglits and privileges on tiie lands and in (he waters of Alaska which the same friendly nations always eoneeded to tlie Empire of Uussia." In answer to this declaration. Lord Sali-bury contends that Mr. John Qiiincy Adams, wi.en Secretary of Stale under President .Monroe, protesti'd against the jiiris- (lieliiiu wiiicli Uussia claimed o\er the waters of the Behring's Sea. I'o iiiaiiitaiii this position his Lordship cites (he words of a desimtcli of Mr. Adams, written on the 2:lrd July, 182a. to Mr. Henry Middleton, at that lime our ]\Iinisier at St. Petershurgh, Tl, ■lleged (lecl.irations and admissions of Mr. Adams in (hat licspatch have been tlie '^ •,•>! ■ill llie nrguments which Her Majesty's Government liavo submitted against the o»Wi-.! ■■Jrr> of e-rlain iiroperlies in the liehring's .'■^ea which the (ioM'nimeiit ol' tlie Viiitt : -'itali's ( onlidently assumes. J. <[iiote the portion ol' \j~nd Salisbury's arguiii'iit which includes the iinolation from Mr. Atlams: — " Alter Russia, at (he inH(aiice of the Kiissinn American l''nr Coiiipaiiy, claiuuHl in li^21 llie pursuits of eomiiicrcc, whaling, and lisliing from ISehring's Snails to the filst degree ol norlli lalitudc, and not oiil,\ proliihiled all foreign vessels from laniling on the coasts and islands of (he aliove waters, liut also prevented tliem (roiu approacliiiig I 1 2H| 8 8 4ns within 100 miles' thereof, Mr. Quincy Adams wrote as follows to the United States' Minister in Kussia : — " The United States can admit no part of these claims ; their right of navigation and fishing is perfect, and has jjeen in constant exercise from the earliest t'mes, throughout the whole extent of the Southern Ocean, subject only lo the ordinarj exceptions and exclusions of the territorial jurisdictions." The quotation which Lord Salisbury makes is unfortunately a most defective, erroneous, and misleading one. The conclusion is separated Iron the jn-emisc, a comma is turned into a period, an important qualilication as to time is entirely erased, willioiit even a suggestion that it had ever formed part of the text, and out of eighty-four woiils, logically and inseparably connected, thirty-five are dropped from Mr. Adams' paragrajih in Lord Salisbury's quotation. No edition of Mr. Adams' work gives autiiority for his Lordship's quotation ; while the archives of this iJepartment ])lainly disclose its many errors. 1 requote Lord Faliibury's version (;f what Mr. Adams said, .iiul in juxtaposition produce Mv. Adams' full text as he wrote it. (Lord Salisbiiry's quotatioii fiom Mr. Adams.) "The United States "T.n admit no part of tiiese claims; tlicir right of navigation and fisliing is perfect, i' > ' hns been in constant exercise from the earliest times, througiiout (lie whole exi .■ 'i.e Southeni Ocean, subject onlv to the ordinary exceptions and exclusions of ^.. itorial jurisdictions." {Full text (if Mr. Adatmi' jinriir/rii/ili.) '•"I'lie Tnited States can admit no part of these claims ; their riglit of navigation and of (isliing is perfect, and lias been in con>t:\nt exercisi- from the earliest times, nflcr the jiracf of I'l'S.'i, tliroughont liie whole extent of the !-Miiitlicrii Ocean. siil)ject only to the ordinary exceptions and exchisioiis of the territorial jurisdictions, u lilr/i, so fir its Ihissidii riijhts lire cnnrrnu'd, arc conluvd. to rcrliilii islands north of the ^lOth dnjrcc of lal'itiuir, and hare no cxlslciirc on the Continent of Ainrrira." 'file words in italics are those which are left out of Mr. Adams' paragraph in the des]):ilc!i of liOrd Salisbury. They arc i)recisely tlie wouls u]ion wiiich tlie ( lovcrunicnt of the United States founds its arijument in this case. Conclusions or inl'eieiices renting ui)on tlie paragraph, with the material parts of Mr. Adams' t«xt omitted, are of course valueless. 'I'hi' first ol)jecl is to ascertain the true iiicaniiig of Mr. Adams' words which \icrc omitteil liy jjoni !^alisbury. "liussian rights," said Mr. Adams, "are confnieil to certain islands north of the Ti-Mh degree of latitude. " The islands referred lo arc as etisily recognized to-day as when Mr, Adams described their situation sixty-seven yeais ago. Tiie best known among tlieni, holh under liussian and American jiivisdiction, are Sitka and Kadiak, liut their wiiok' number is great. If Air. Adams literally inteiuied to conlint- liussiaii rights to those islands, all the discoveries of \'itus i'l'hring and ollior great navigators arc brushed away by one sweep of his pen, and a large ci\a|il('r of history is but a fable. liut Mr. Ailam-j goes still further, lie declares that "liussian rights hiwe no exiHleiice on the Continent of America." If we take the words of Mr. Adams with llioir lileial mcanin';' there was no such thing as •• Knssian possessions in America," aldioii.^li forly-four years alter Mr. Adams wrote lhes<' words tlie United Slates paid Uiissia T.'jiMi.niiO dollars fir these "possessions," and all the rights of land und sea connected therewith. This const''ucli(m of Mr. Adams" langmige cannot be the true one. It wonUl lie absurd on its face. The title to that lav iinrllicni territory was secure to Uiissia as c.irly as 17H ; secare ti. tier against the claims of all other nations; secure to iier thirly-sevoii years before Ciiiitain Cook had sailed into the Norlli Pacific; secure to lier more timn "half-a-centniy In lore the United Stiites iiad made go id her title to Oregon. Hussin v\as in point of lime the lirsl I'ower in (his region by ligiit of discoM'ry. Without iniiiiodirate presumption she might have ciiallenged the rigiits of others to assume territoriiil possession", hut no nalion had shadow of cause or right lo challenge Iter title to the vast region of land and water wliicli, before .Mr. .\dams was Secretiiry of State, had become known as the " Russian posscHsions." 490 Mr. Adams' meaning was not, therefore, and indeed could not be, what Lord Salisbury assumed. As against such interpretation, I shall endeavour to call his Lord- sliii)'s attention to Avhat this Government holds to be the indisputable meaning of Mr. Adams' entire paragraph. To that end a brief review of certain public transactions ami a biiet: record of certain facts will be necessary. At the close of the year 17!)'J the Emperor Paul, by a Ukase, asserted the exclusive authority of Russia over the territory from the Rehring's Strait down to the ."(."fiIi degree of north latitude on the American coast, following westward "by the Aleutian, Kurile, and other islands," practically inclosing the Behring's Boa. To the IJiissian American Company, which was organized under this Ukase, the Ivuporor gave the light "to make new discoveries " in tliat almost unknown region, and " to oeciipy the new land discovered " as " llussian possessions." The Kmperor was assassinated luTore any new discoveries were announced ; ])ut his successor, the I'^mperor Alexander I, inherited tlie ambition and the purpose of his father, and in a new Ukase of the 4tli September, 1821, asserted the exclusive authority of IJussia from ]>eliring"s Straits soullnvard to the 51st degree of n(n'tii latitude on the American c()ast, ]>roelaiming liis :uiviis vi>iljly exerci-ed on (he coast of tin' Pacific Ocean, The names and phrases at that time in use to describe the geography inc'uded "iihin the area of this dispute are confusing, atui, at certain points, apparentlv contra- iliciory and irreeoncilal.le. \lr. Adams' denial to Kussin of (lie owneisliip of territory on ihe •' ( 'ontinent of i\merica " is a fair illustration of this singular contradiction of names aiul places. In the sanu' way liie phrase " north-west coast " will be found, beyond all jiii-sihle doubt, to have lieeu usi'd in two senses: one inelr. ling the north-west coast of llic l!ii>sian ])ossessions. anil one to describe the coast whose northern limit is (he nihil ])ai'allel of nor(h la(itude. it is very plain (hat .Mr. Adams' ])hrase "the Continent of America," in his reference to liussia's possessioiiH. was UM'd in a Irrritorlil icnsc, and not in a iirnt/nnililntl ^^eiise ; he \Mis drawing the distinction between the lerriinry of ''America " and the territory of 'he " liussian possessions," Mr, Adams did not intend to assert that Ih' Sv> lirn(()iial rights of Russia liiid no exis(ence on Ihe Continent of Mortli .\merica. lie iiieiiit (hat they did not exist as the Ukase of the lOmperor Alexander had altnniited to L12SJ ;j S a 500 establish them, southward of the Aleutian Peninsula, and on that distinctive part of the continent claimed as the territory of tiie United States. " America " and the "United States " were then, a« they arc now, commonly used as synonymous. British statesmen at that time used the phrase precisely as Mr. Adams did. The possessions uf the Crown were geiierically termed " British America." Great Britain and the United States luirmonizcd at this point, and on this territorial issue, ai^ainst Russia. "Whatever disputes might be left by these negotiations for subsequent settlement between the two Powers, there can be no doubt that at that time they had a common and very strong interest against the territorial aggrandizement of liussiii. The British use of the phrase is clearly sfcn in the Treaty between Great Britain and Russia negotiated in 1825, and referred to at lengtli in a .subsequent portion of this despatch. A publicist as eminent as Stratford Canning ojiened tlie Ilird Article of that Treaty in these descriptive words : " The line of demarcation between the possessions of the High Contracting Parties, upon the coasts of tlie continent, and the Islands of America to the north-wcNt." Mr. Cunning evidently distinguished " the islands of America " from " tlie islands of the Russian possessions," which were far more numemus, and by the use of the phrase "to the iiortii-west," just as evidently' limited the coast of the continent as Mr. Adams limited it in that direction by the Alaskan Peninsula. A concurrence of opinion between John Quincy Adams .and Stratford Canning touching any public question left little room even for suggestion by a third person. It will he observed, as having weighty significance, that the Russian ownership of the Aleutian and Kurile Islands (wiiich border and close in the Behring's Sea, and by tlie dip of the peninsula are several degrees south of latitude 55°) was not disputed by Mr. Adams, and could not jiossbly have been referred to hy him when he was limiting the " island " possessions of Russia. This is but another evidence that Mr. Adams was making no question as to Russia's ownership of all territory bordering on the Behrin;;'s Sea. The contest i)crtained wholly to the territory on the north-west coast. Tlie Emperor Paul's Ukuse, including his sovcreiirnty over the Aleutian and Kurile Islands, was never questioned or denied hy any Power at any time. Many of the acts of Mr. Adams' iiublic life received interesting commentary, and, where there was doubt, luminous interpretation in his personal diary, which was cnrefully kept from the .'rd June, 1794, to the 1st January, 1848, inclusive. The present case ali'ords a hajipy illustration of the corroborative strength of the diary. During the progress of this correspondence Baron Tuyl, who had succeeded M. Polelica as Russian Minister in Washington, called upon Mr. .-\dams at his otiite, on the 17th July, 18l'3, six days before the date of the despatch upon which I have been commeming, and upon which Lord Salishury relies for sustaining his contention in regard to the Behring's Sea. During an animated conversation of an hour or more between Mr. Ailams and Haron Tuyl, the former said : — " I told Haion Tuyl specially that we should contest the right of Russia to any territonal estahlishment on this continent . . ." It will be observed that Sir. Adams uses the same phrase in his conversation that has misled English statesmen as to the true scope and meaning of his despatcli tif the 2Srd Jnly, 18l3. 'Wheii lie dcthired that we should " contest tlic right of Russia to any territorial establishment on this ccmtinent " (with the word "any" italicized), he no inorc meant that wc should attempt to drive Russia Irom her ancient possessions tiian that we should attemjit to drive England Irom the ownership of Canada or Nova Scotia. Such talk would have been absurd ynsconade, and Mr. Adams was the last man to indulge in it. His true meaning, it will bo seen, comes out in the next sentence, when he declares : — " I told Baron Tuyl that wc should assume distinctly the principle that the American continents are no longer subjects for any vew European colonial estahlislinients." In the Message of President Monroe to the next Congress (the eighteenth^ at its first Session, the Lnd December, l."»2.'J, he announced that, at the propo.sal of the Russian Government, the United States had agreed to "arrange, by amicable negotiations, the respect ivo rights and interests of the two nations on the north-west coast of tl'r continent." A similar proposal had been made by Russia to Great Britain, and had been likewise agreed to. The negotiations in both cases were to be at St. Petersburgh. It was in connection with this subject, and iu the same parasia of tills pretension, and the conclusion was a joint Agreoment that 60° 40' should be taken as the extreme southern boundary of Russia on the north-west coast instead of tlie 5r>th degree which was proclaimed by the Emperor Paul in the Ukase of 179!*. The Treaty between Russia and the United States was concluded on the 17th April, 1824, and that between Russia and Great Britain ten months later, on the I6th Feliruary, 1825. In both Treaties Russia acknowledged 64° 40' as the dividing line. It was not determined which of the two nations owned the territory from 54° 40' down to the 4!ith parallel, and it remained in dispute between Great Britain and the United States until its final adjustment by the "Oregon 'I'reaty" negotiated by Mr. Buchanan and Mr. Pakenham under the Administration of Mr. Polk in 184tJ. The Government of the United Slates has steadily maintained that in neither of these Treaties with Russia was there any attempt at regulating or controlling or even assorting an interest in the Russ'an possessions and the Behring's Sea which lie far to the north and west of the territory which formed the basis of the contention. This conclusion is indisputably proved by the Protocols which were signed during the progress of the negotiation. At the fourth conference of the Plenipotentiaries on the 8th March, 18l'4, the American Minister, Mr. Henry Middleton, submitted to the Russian Repre- sentative, Count Nessehode, the following: — " The dominion cannot be acquired but by a real occupation and possession, and an intention (' animus ') to establish it is by no means sufllicicnt." Now, it is clear, according to the facts established, that neither Russia nor any other Power has the right of dominion upon the Continent of America between the 60th and GOth degrees of north latitude. Still less has she the dominion of the adjacent maritime territory, or of the sea irliich washes these coasts, a dominion which is only accessory to the territorial (loniinifm. Therefore, she has not the right of exclusion or of admission on these coasts, nor in these seas, which are free seas. The right of navigating all the free seas belongs, by natural law, to every independent nation, and even constitutes an essential part of this independence. The United States have exercised navigation in the seas and commerce upon the coasts above mentioned from the time of their independence; and they have a perfect ri^;lit to this navigation and to this commerce, and they can only be deprived ot it l)y tbcir own act or a Convention. This is a clear proof of what is demonstrated in other ways, that the whole disj)ute between the United States aiul Russia, and between Great Britain and Russia, related to tlie north-west coast, as Mr. Middleton expresses it, l)etween the "5Uth and the (iOLh degrees of north latitude." This statement is in perfect harmony with Mr. Adams' paragraph when given in full. "The United Slates," Mr. Middleton insists, "have exercised navigation in the .:^^iis and commerce upon the coasts above mentioned troni the time of their independence ;" Lut he does not .say one word in regarU to our posses,sing any rights of navigation or commerce in the Beiiring's Sea. He declares that Rus-^ia has not the riglit of exclusion or admission on these coasts (between the 5l)th and the (loth degrees nortii latitude) nor in those seas, which are /Vet' seas, evidently emphasizing "free " to distinguish those seas from the Behring's Sea, which was recognized as being under Russian restrictions. Mr. Middietcm wisely and conclusively maintained that if Russia had no claim to the continent between the 60th and (iOth degrees north latitude, '* .still less could she have the dominion of the adjacent maritime territory," or, to make it more spjoific, "of tho sea which washes these coasts." That sea was the (ireat Ocean, or the South Sea, or tlio I'aeific Ocean, the three names being equally used for the same thing. The language of Mr. Middleton plainly shows that the lines of latitude were usci 502 simply to indicate tlie " dominion" on the coast between the 50th. and GOtli parallels of nortli latitude. 'i'lie important declarations of ]\lr. Middlcton which intciprot and enforce tiie contention of the United Stales slmuld be regarded as indisjmtable authority, from the fact tiiat they are but a p!ira])hrase of the instructions whicii ilr. Adams delivered to him for his iiuidance in nego'iating the Treaty with Count Nesselrode. Beyond all doubt, they jnove that Mr. Adams' meaning was the reverse of what Lord Salisbury infers it to he in the ])aragraph of wiiich he quoted only a part. 'i'iie lour principal Articles of the Treaty negotiated by Mr. Middleton are as follows : — •'Article I. It is agreed that in any part of the Great Ocean, commonly called the Paeilic Ocean or South Sea, tlic resi)cctive citizens or subjects oj' the Jligii Contrat-ting Pov.ers shall be neitiier disturbed nor restrained, either in navigation or in fishing, or in the power of resorting to tlie coasts, upon points wliich may not already luive been occupied, for the purpose of trading with tlic natives, .saving always the I'estrictions and conditions determined by the following Articles. •'Article II. With a view of preventing the rights of navigation and of fishing- exercised upon tiie (jrcat Ocean by the citizens and subjects of the iligh Contracting Powers from becoming the pretext for an illicit trade, it is agreed that the citizens of the United Slates shall not resort to any point where tliere is a IJussian establisinncnt witliiiut the permission in' the Ciovcrnor or Commander ; and that, reciprocally, the subjects of Un-sia shall not resort without permission to any establishment of the United States upon the north-west coast. '■■ Article III. It is moreover agreed that, hereafter, there shall not be formed by the citizens of vlie United States, or under the autliority of the said States, any establish- ment upon lie north-west coast of America, nor in any of the islands adjacent, to the north of j4 4(1' of north latitude ; and that in the same manner there shall be none formcvi by Russian subjects, or under the autliority of liussia, south of the same parallel. •• Article IV. It is, nevertheless, understood that during a term of ten years, counting from the signature of the present Convention, the ships of both Powers, or which belong to their citizents or subjects respectively, may reciprocally fre{iuent. without any hindrance wbatever, the interior seas, gulfs, harbours, and creeks upon the coast mentioned in the preceding Article, for the purpose of fishing and trading with the natives of the country." The 1st Article, by carefully mentioning the Great Ocean, .and describing it as the ocean "conunonly called the Pacific Ocean or South Sea," evidently meant to distinguish it from some other body of water with which the negotiators did not wisii to confuse it. Jlr. Adams used the term " South Sea" in the despatch (piotcd by Lord Salisbury, and used it with tiie same discriminating knowledge that pervades his whole argument on this (|ueslion. If no other body of water existed within the possible scope of the 'i'reaty, such particularity of description would have had no logical meaning. But there was another body of water already known as the Behring's Sea. That name was first given to it in 1SI7, according to English authority, seven years before the American 'i'reaty, and eight years before the British Treaty with liussia; but it had been known as a .vm, separate from the ocean, under the names of the Sea of Kamtchatka, the Sea of Otters, or the Aleutian Sea, at dillerent periods before the Emperor Paul issued his Ukase of 1799. The Ilnd Article plainly shows thai the Treaty is limited to the (jrcat Ocean, as separate from Behring's Sea, because the limitation of the "north-west coast" between the oOtli and (iOlli degrees could apply to no other. That coast, as deliiied both by American and Briti>ii negotiators at tiiat thne, did not border on the Behring's Sea. The llird Article shows the compromise as to territorial sovereignty on the north- west coast. The United Slates and Great Britain had both claimed that Russia's just boumlary on the coast terminated at the (ilJtli degree north latitude, the sontheru border of the Aleutian Peninsula. liiisNia claimed to the olsL parallel. 'I'hey made a comproniise by a nearly e(|ual division. An exactly eipial ilivision would have given Russia d\° "<*)' : Imt 10 miles farther north, Prince of Wales' Island, presented a better geographical point for division, anil liussia accepted a little less than half the const of wliich kIic had claimed all, and C'l*^ 40' wii.s thus established as the dividing point. 'i'he IVth Article of the Treaty necessarily grew out of tlie claims of Russia to a siiare of the mnth-west coast in dispute l)etweeu the Unitiul States and Great Britain. Mr. Aiiams, in the in.structiou to Mr. Middleton so often referred to, says; — to:\ " By the Illnl Article of tlie Convention between the United States and Great llrilain of tlio L'Oth OeLol)er, ISl!*, il was aijreed tliitany country tiiat niii^ht he claimed by cither party on the nortii-west coast of America, westward of tlie Stony Jloimtains, sliould, togctiier with its harbours, hiiys, and creeks, and the navigation of all rivers ffitliin the same, be free and open, for tiie term often years from that date, to the vessels, citizens, and subjects of tiie two Powers, without prt\judice to the claims of either party or of any other State. •' You are autiiorized to propose an Article of the same purport for a term of ton years t'roin the signatmc of a joint Convention between tlie United States, Great firitain, and Russia.'' it will be observed that the lA'th Article relates solely to (he " north-west coast of America," so well understood as the coast of the Pacific Oc.an between ilie."jl)tli and the (idtii den-rees north latitude, and, therefore, does not in the remotest degree touch the Oi'lirir.jJi's Sea or the land bordering upon it. The several Articles in the Treaty between Great Britain and Russia, lOth Febraary, 1525. tliat could have any bearing- on the pending contention are as follows : — Articles I and JI. (Substantially tiic same as in the Treaty between Russia and the United States.) "Article 111. The line of demarcation between the possessions of the High Contracting I'artics, upon the coast of the continent, and the islands of America to tlie noith-wcst, .shall be drawn in the manner following : — "Commencing from the southernmost point of tlic island called Prince of Wales' Islinid. which point lies in the iiarallel of 54^ 40' north latitude, and between the l^ilst anil the l-IOrd degree of west longitut between tiie 50th and OOth parallels of north latitude, as fully set forth by ]\Ir. Middleton in tlic Protocols preceding the 'I'rcaty between the United Slates and Russia. The negotiators never touched one foot of the boundary of the Behring's Sea, whether on continent or island, and never even made a reference to it. Its nearest jjoint in Bristol Bay was 1,000 miles distant from the field of negotiation between the Powers. It must not be forgotten that this entire negotiation of tlie three Powers f,rocee;led with full knowledge and recognition of the Ukase of 1821. While all questions touching the lespective rights of the I'owers on the nortli-west coast between tlie HOth and liOth parallels were discussed and pressed by one side or the other, and finally agreed upon, the terms of the Uka>e of 1821, in which the Emperor set forth so clearly the rigiils claimed and exerciied by Russia in the Beiiring's Sea, were untouched and un(]uestioned. 'I'hese rig!:ts were therefore admitted by all tlie Powers negotiating a-i within the exercise of Russia's lawl'ul authority then, and they were left inviolate by England during all the sulisetpienl continuanco of Russia's dominion over Alaska. These Treaties were therefore a practical renunciation, ixith (in the part of England and the LTiiiled Stales, (if any rights in the waters of Behring's Sea during the jierioil of Russia's sovereignty. They left the Beiiring's Sea, and all its coasts an(l islands, precisely as the Ukase of Alexander in 18-'l left them— that is, with the prohiliition against any vessel approaching nearer to tiie const than 100 Italian miles under ('ang.T of confiscation. The original Dkase of Alexander of 1821 claimed as far south as t.ie 51st degree of north latitude, with the inhibition of 100 miles from the coast applying to the wliole. 'I'he result of the protest of Mr. Adams, followed by the co-operation of (Jreat Britain, was to force Russia back to ."i I' 40' as her southern lioiindary. But there was no renunciaiion whatever on the part of Russia as to the Behring's Sea, to which the I'kase especially .•iiul primarily applied. As a piece of legislation this Ukase was as autlmri- tative in tlie dominions of Russia ar. an Act of i'ariiainent is in the (loniiiiions of Great Britain or any Act of Congress in the territory of the United Slates. Hxcept a.i volui:(arily nioiiified by Rti-sia in the Treaty with the United St itcs, iTth April, 1824, and in the Treaty wi"ili Ure;\t Britain, With 'February, 182."i, the Ukasi' cory of 1S21 stood as the law controlling tlioT^ussian possessions in Anicriea nntil tlic close of Russia's ownership by transfer to this Government. ]5oth the United States and f J rent r.rilain recognized it, respected it, obeyed it. It did not, as so many supi)ose, declare the Hehring's Sea to be marc clattsuin. ft did declare that the waters, to tlie extent of '00 miles from the shores, were reserved for the subjects of the Russian Empire. Of course, many huii(hod miles east and west and north and south were thus intentionally Iffi by IJussia fcr the wliale li>iu'ry, and for fishing open and free to the world, of which other nations took large advantage. Perhaps, in pursuing this advantage, foreigners did not always keep 100 miles from the shore ; but the theory of right on which they conducted their business unmolested was that they observed the conditions of the Ukase. But the 100-mile restriction performed the function for which it was specially designed in preventing foreign nations from molesting, disturbing, or by any possibility sharing in the fur trade. The fur trade formed the principal, almost the sole, employ- ment of the Russian American Company. It formed its employment, indeed, to such a degree that it soon became known only as the Eussian American Fur Company, and quite suggestively that name is given to the Company by Lord Salisbury in the despatch to which I am replying. While, therefore, there may have been a large amount of lawful whaling and fishing in the Behring's Sea, the taking of furs by foreigners was always and under all circumstances illicit. Eighteen years after the Treaty of 1S25 (in 18i:i) (Jrc.at Britain made a Commercial Treaty with Russia based on the principle of recipiocity of advantages, but the rights of the Russian American Company, which under both L'kases included the sovereignty over tlic sea to the extent of 100 miles from the slures, were reserved by special clause in a separate and special Article signed after the principal Articles of the 'JVeaty had been concluded and signed, Altiiougii British righ.s were enlarged with nearly all other parts of the Russian Empire, her relations with the Russian po.ssessions and with the Behring's Sea remained at precisely the same point where tiie Treaty of 1825 had placed them. Again, in 1859, Great Britain still further enlarged her commercial relations with tlie Emperor of Russia, and again the "possessions" and the Behring's Sea were held tirndy in their relations to tiie Russian American Company as they had lieen held in the Treaty of 184?. Tt is especially notable that, both in the Treaty of 1843 and the Treaty of 1859, it is declared that " in regard to commerce and navigation in the Russian possessions on the north-west coast of America the Convention concluded at St. Petershurgh, Kith February, 1825, shall continue in force." The same distinction and the same restrictions which Mr. Adams made in regard to the north-west coast of America were still observed, and Great Britain's access from or to tiie interior of the continent was still limited to that part of the coast between 54" 40' and a point near Mount St. Elias. The laiii^uage of the throe llusso-lU'itisli Treaties of 1825, 1843, and 1859 corresponds with timt employed in Mr. Adams' despatch to jMr. Mitldleton to which reference has so lrc(|iiently been •made. This shows that the true meaning of Mr. Adams' paragraph is the key, and indeed the oidy key, by which the Treaties can be correctly interpreted, and by »\hich expressions apparently contradictory or uiuntelligible can be readily liiirnionized. Immediately following the partial quotation of Mr. Adams' despatch, Lord Salisbury (|iiotes the case of the I'nited States' brig "Loriot" as iiaving some bearing on th-: (juostion relating to the Behring's Sea. The case happened on the loth September, 18 '•■, and Mr. Torsyth, Secretary of State, in a despatch to the I'nited States' Minister at St. Petershurgh, declared the course of the Russians in arresting the vessel to be a violation of the rights of the citizens of the I'nited States; he claimed that the citizens 1)1' the rinted States had the right immcmorially, as well as by the stipulations of the Treaty of 1824, to tish in those waters. Lord Salisbury's understanding of the case (tillers entirely from that held by the Government of the United States. The "Loriot" was not arrested in the Behring's Sea at all, nor was sin: engaged in taking furs. She was arrested, as Mr. Forsyth in his despatch says, in latitude 51.° 55', more than 00 miles south of Sitka, on the "north-west i.'oast," to which, and to which only, the Treaty of 1824 referred. Russia upheld its action on the ground that the ten-year term provided in the IVth Article of the Treaty hail closed two years I)el'ore. The case was made the basis of an application on the part of the United States' Government for a renewal of that Article. This application was pressed for several years, but linally and absolutely refused by the Russian Govern- ment. Under the claim of Russia that the term of ten years had expired, the United Stales failed to secure any redress in the " Loriot" case. With all due respect to Lord ("1281 3 T Snlishiiiy's judgment, the case of tlio "Ijoriot" sustains the entire corroctnoss of tlie jMi^ition iif tlic United States in this contention. It (iniv remains to say that whatever duty Great Britain owed to Alaska as a Uiissiiui provinec, whatever she a^'reed to do, or to refrain fmni doini,^ touchinc; Alaska and (lie Ui'lninj;'s Sea, was not chaniri'il by the mere f!i(!t of the transfer of s<)vcrcii;rily to the I'liited Slates. It was explicitly declared in the Villi Article of the Treaty hv which the territory was ceded hy Hussia, that "the cession hereby made conveys all the rights, franchises, and privileges now belonging to Ihissia in the saiil territory or dominions, and appurtenances thereto." Neither hy the Treaty with Russia of 1825, nor by its renewal in l84-:5, nor by its second renewal in 1859, diil f treat Jiritain gain any right to take seals in Bchring's Sea. In fact, those Treaties were a prohibition upon her w liich she steadily respected so long as Alaska was a Russian province. It is for Great Britain now to show by what law she gained rights in that sea after the transfer of its sovereignty to the I hiited States. During all the time elapsing between the Treaty of 1825 and the cession of Alaska to the United States in 18G7, Great Britain never affirmed the right of her subjects to capture fur-seal in the Bchring's »'ea; ami, as a matter of fact, her subjects did not during that long period attempt to catcii seals in tiie Bcliring's Sea. Lord Salisbury, in replying to my assertion that these lawless intrusions upon the fur-seal fisheries began in 188G, declares that they had occurred before. He points out one attempt in 1870, in which forty-seven skins were found on board an intruding vessel ; in 1872 there was a rumour that ex])editions were about to fit out in Australia and Victoria for the purpose of taking seal in the Bchring's Sea ; in 1^74 some reports were heard that vessels had entered the sea for that purpose ; one case was reported in 1875, two cases in 1884, two also in 1885. These cases, T may say, without intending; disrespect to his Lordship, prove the truth of the statement which he endeavours to controverL ; because they form just a sufficient number of exceptions to cstablisli the fact that the destructive intrusion liegan in 18S)l), But I refer to them now for the purpose of showing that his Lordship docs not attempt lo cite the intrusion of a single British scaler into the Bchring's Sea until after Alaska had been transferred to the Ignited States. I am justified, therefore, in repeating the (picstions I addressed lo Jler jNIajesty's Government on the 22nd of last January, and which still remain unanswered, viz. : — " Whence did the ships of Canada derive the right to do in 1886 that which they had refrained from doing for nearly ninety years r "Upon what grounds did Her Majesty's Government defend in the year ISSG a course of conduct in the Bchring's Sea which had been carefully avoided ever since the discovery of that sea ': " By what reasoning did Jler Majesty's Government conclude that an act may he committed uilh impunity against the rights of the United States which had never been attempted against the same riglits when held by the Russian Emiiire r" I have, &c. (Signed) JAMES G. BLAINE. No. 375. Sir J. Pauncefote to the MttrquLs of Salisbury. — {Received July 3.) (Telegraphic.) Waslilngton, July 3, h^OO. 1 HAD a long interview with .Mr. Blaine yesterday. He said that his health '.cccs- sitated his departure, and that In; had decided to leave for Ihir Harbour to-day. Alluding to the Behring".^ Sea (inestion, he said that it was too late now 1'/ make any arrangement which would affect the ])resent fishery season, but that he was p cparcd to continue the negotiations witli me from Bar Harbour, .is 1 should probably soon I.: i-i the neighbourhood. No. 370. Sir J. Pauvrefole to the Maniuis of Suli/ibitry. — {Received July 7.) My Lord, Wushinglon, June 18, 180(1. I H.VVE the honour to report that on Saturday, the 14th instant, as instructed in your Lordship's telegram of the 11th instant, I addressed to the United States' Secretary 507 (if State tlie Protest ai^ainst any t'lirtiier iiiterferenei.' with lU'itisli scalers in Bclirinir's Sea, the (h-aft ot'wliifji was inchwed in your Lordship's de^ipatcli of the :.".l(li ultimo. 1 have llie honour lo ini-lose iierewitii copy of the Protest as deUvereil, togctiicr wiih copy of the covering note to Mr. IJhiine. I have, Ac. (Signed) JULIAN rAU.NH'EFO'l'E. Inclosure I in No. 'i\7i>. Sir J. Pnunvefote to Mr. Blaine. Sir, U'(i.shlii(jlnn, .iioir 1 I, ls',)0. Wl'I'li reference to tlie note wliich I had tiie iiononr to adih'css to yon on tlic I nil instant, I desire to express to you my deep rcf^ret at having' failed up to the prcM'iit lime to ol)tain from you the assurance which I had hoped lo receive, thai dininu' the continuance of our ne;;'otiations for the seillenu-nt of the Fur-seal l''is!n'ry (|U('slicin, r.rilish sealinj;-vessels would not hi; inli'rfered with hy United States' Ivcvenne <'rni/-eis on tlie Hehrinjj's Sea outside id' territorial waters. Ilavin;:; learnt from >tatenients in liie puhlic press and from otin-r sonrcivs that I lie lic\emn'-crui/',ers '' I'ush " and " Corwin " are now ahoiit to he dispatched to the llehrinn'.i Sea. I cannot, consistently with the instructions I lia'c reci'ived from my (iovernment. any longer defer the communication of their formal I'rotcst, announced in my notes of the 2'^rd ultim(» and the 1 ith instant, against any such interference with Ihitisli vessels. I liave accordingly the honour to transmit tho same herewith. 1 have, &c. (Signed) JULIAN P.M'Nf'KI'O'l'K. Inclosin'c "J ill No, ;{7fi. PrntcxI. 'rilK Umlersigned, Her Hritannic ^^ajesty's Envoy Ivxtraordinary and Minister l'leni|iotentiary to the United States of America, has the honour, hy instructions of his (iovernment, to make to the Elonouraldo J. (J. Blaine, Secretary of State of the United States, the following communication : — ITer Rritannic Majesty's (Jovernnient have learnt vitli great concern, from notices which have appeared in the ])ress, and the general accuracy of which has heen contirmed hy Mr. i5laini!'s statement.s to the Undersigned, that the (iovernment of the United States have issued instructions to their I'evenue cruizersahout to he dispatchcil to liehiings Sea. under which the vessels id' hrili^h suhjects will a^ain he I'xposed. in the prosecution of their legitinnile industry on the high seas, to mda«t'ul interference 'it the hnnds of American oflu'ers. Her hritannic Majesty's (iovernment are anxions to co-operate (othe (idlest extent 111' their power with the (Iovernment of the United Slates in such measures as may he founil to he exi)edient for the protection of the seal tisherics They are at the ]ii'esent moment engaged in examining, in concert with the Government of the (Tnited States, tlu' host method of arriving at an agreement njion this point, iiiit they cannot admit (lie right of the United States of their own sole motion to restrict for this |)urpose the freedom of Eehring's Sea, which the Uniti'd States have themselves in former year.-, convincingly and successfully vindicated, nor to enforce their municipal legislation against British vessels on the high seas heyond the limits of their territorial jurisdiction. Iler Ihitaimic Majesty's fJovernmenl are therefore niiahle to pass over without notice the public aiimnmcemenl (d' an intention on the part of the (Jovernnicul of (he Unitt^d Slates to renew the acts ol' interference with British vessels navigating outside tile territorial waters of the Uniteil States, of which they have previously had to complain. The Undersigned i,-, in con.secpieiu!!^ instructed formallv to ])r^»tesl against such iiiterfereuce, and to declare that ll(>r Itrit.iunic Majestv's (iosernnient inii.st hold ilie [U'S] ' :l 'i' ■.' 508 Goveiiiincnt of tlio United Stales n'sponsiblo for the consequences 'vliieh may ensue from i\cls which are contrary to the prpx-iples of international law. The Uiuk'rsi<'-neil has the iionour to renew to Mr. Hlaine the assurances of his highest consideration. (Signed) .lULlAM PAUNCEFOTE. No. 377. iSir ,/. I'niniccfotc to the Mar(juis of Srilishury. — {Rvrcived July 7.) My I'ord, WnMnijInn, June 27, ISDO. i 1 1. A VI'] tli( honour to transmit liercwitli a rcmarkahlc article on the suhject of )h" Molirinjf's Sea iiei,'oliatioiis which appeared in the "New York Herald" of yesterday. i liavo, &c, (Siffned) JULIAN PAUNCEFCJTE. Inclosurc in No. 377. Extract from the " Xeir York Herald" of June 20, 1890. (From our regular Correspondent.) " Heralil" Bureau, corner of Fiflroilli aud (1 SlrctLs, N.W., WdnliiiK/Inu, June 2'), 180(1. Till'] story of a recent interference by the President with tlu; conduct and projifress of the IV'iirings Sea nejioliations luis lieen circnlatinji conlideiitinlly in \\'asliini,Mon for several weeks. Its ))ulilicalion now, alter the inter])osition of th(> President had ceasod and the niisciiief tlirentened I)y it iiad j)assed away, is rei;ard('(l in scniu' (|Uiirli'rs as ii counter-attack on .Mr. Plaine for his iiHe^rod 'I'arill' heresy. The followinii: is a plain statement of the facts of I lie Hehrinu's Sea episoile, olifi'.ined iVoin an authoritative sonr'-e. It sliows tliiil, ns soon iis the Pri sideni .-aw the conseiinence- of his well-tiii^ant intention, and th.'it- he h:id sepiirnU'd liini-cif in sonic de;;iee front Mr. P.l.iine, he liit^-leiied to teiiiiite himself to lite Sccn'lnry and td stteii'.'theti lite latter's position to the fitlle-t extent as nj^aiit^t adverse iiitluences itt the Adininistratitin. Sli'fis in hiitlomiictj. Tin- oral di^eus-ion of the lU'liiitif-'H Sea question lie;;;itt hetwcen S<-cret.'ity I'iiiiin and Minister Paiincefote In', .lanuary. The Secretnr,\ advanced and the Minister conilmted the cliiiin of a territorial jut isdietion hy the United Stiites over all that piirt of Iiehiitt;;''s Sea lyinu eitsi mid snnlli of thi> li->in f(>r the cession ol Ahiska to this <'ountiy Wilhniil ectiiin:;' to a Imid the disciissioii wa-^ laid aside hy tiintitiil coti'-iiil iind withoii* inejiidiie to lie |ii-'ilion ol (iliie-r pittl}, for the reason lli.tt the Mrilisli Kepresentalivi fidiiiitled tli.it his (.'overnmeitL wits itot only willing, but desirous, on groioids of pnoil itii'^hhourliond ttiid n or slititghter. As these «eie the very mid the only objects for v\ltielt the I'nileii States' flovern" menl wiis ilesirotis to eslabli-h its clitiin to a territoriiil jttrisdielion in the \\itters of tlu* sen, it was a;,Teeil to shifi the disenssion to the project of an internntioita! reuiilalion >l' seiil-enicliin^ wherein a prohihition of iiniriite sealing ilmiit;; the anniinl hrei'dm;:- sens"ti should foiin :i leiiilin^ position. I»ii-siii, hciiif' a iieces^Miy pmly to sitelt an iirrmij>'enteiil. and h,i\iniv ,in idciilieal interest with lltiti ot the Uiiileii Stales us the owiici- ol se.il- rookeries in lielititi;i's Sen, was inviti'd lo liikc iiml in the iteiv diwcilssion, and diil s" tlt;oii-h its Wesident I'Invoy at \Vnshiii;;loii. Mr. Ilhtitte, however, was not satisfied to resi wholly upon the Hritisli aMnurnnco llmi Eti;;litiid w.is even sonielhiiiL;' more tlinii willinjx to assist lite Unileil Slates in Inkinp; dm' 509 pan oi" its f-i nl property. In preparing for his friendly and informal (■onfcrc)i''os with tlie British Minister he had taken, upon his notes, a suj^gostion to draw into discussion the (luestion, in view of the peculiar habits of the fur-seal (which though nomadic during part of each year returned regulnrly and for a considerable jjeriod to its iiome within the I'nitt'd States), whether this Government might not lay claim to a rigiit to cxteTrd a rcasiinable protection to the animal during its various movements in the waters surrounding its rookeries. This discussion he pressed upon tlie Minister, relying upon the well-established English doctrine of the "intention to return" to otfsct the legal argunient that property ill animals of a wild nature is limited to the period of possession. This second and iiulcpondcnt claim to a police jurisdiction in Bobring's ties, is still pending, and the arguments on both sides of it have been fully i^nd form.ally stated, with the help of (Minipetent Inwyers, and made matter of record, should it ever become necessary to revert to the claim. A Close Seasofi. dp to the stage above indicated the negotiations had proceeded witl.out obstruction. Not till the Plenipotentiaries came together to settle principal details of the agreed International liegulalions did it appear that while tlie United States contemp'.ited a close season in IJehring's Sea covering the whole period of six months or more during which llio seals \\ ere moving into and out of the sea and were rejiosing at the rookeries, Great llritain ])roposed simply sucii arrangetnents as would reasonably guard again.st an excessive catching of female seals, by which (he perpetuity of the herd would be endangered. In lien of a single and continuous close season, covering the whole time of the yearly prL'sence of the seals in llehring's Sea, which was the project of the Ignited States, the british ])roposal was of t^vo short ^leriods of closure, i>ne during the inward and another liiiriiin' tile outward movement or the seals, supi)Iementcd by a broad belt of isolation iiroimd tiie rookeries, wlii(!h no seuling-vcssel was to penetrate. Mr. Hlaine was confident that, the Senate of the United States would not ratify such a Convention as the British i'lenipotentiary proposed, nor Congress enact the legislation iiL'i'cssiiry to give it efl'ect. Sir • iilian was equally sure that neither the British nor tlie Canadian Parliament would lei^isjate upon tlie broad lines laid down by .Mr. Blaine. Still both Plenipotenti.'iiios \\v- agreeil upon th(> principle that tliere should i)c an olii'i'tne regulali(Ui of the sealiu,, industry, to he attained by nintual eo-openition. The Hiissian proposition accorded ^nih that of the United States, but the Russian .Minister kit ii to oiir (iovenmienf, a-; th ■ larger ])roprie(or of rookeries, to act for both. The real trouble lay in ihe statements and ojiiiiiiMis of experts, npcm which limb nei;'olianls neces.siirily lia.l to rely. To settle the defects and eontliets of this "11. called evidence, and to produce a satisfactory basis tor a Conveniion and (lie legisla- lioii tu'cessitateii by it, a pii'i". ;il was moved from (he British side to assemble a doint Tocbnical Commission to cMunine, decide, and report what was actually necessary to carry out the well-settled intention of the parties. Afd'r a very careful and delilierate c'liiisideration of this propo.ul. in which the main (luesiion wns studied in every possible a-pect, .Mr. Blaine gave bis .idiiesion to it. At (his point the new l<>SHoes of (be .Maskan Seal islands intervened. They were not willing (o put at it+niie, in any manner of form, (be (luesdon whedier there sliotdd he any marine scalinir in Liehrin^s Sen, however rcs(ricted. To nnike a long story short, iliev prevailed, liiii imt at. the Stnte Department. The control ot' th m'gotiatioiis wiis taken lioin Mr. Blaine, and lie was only permitted, as the oryan >>'' Mie (lovernment, to reject the modus rimiili proposed by the British ( lONenimeiil to <•: ' ry the parties safely through the sealing season t.hen closi' al li.'ind, and report what he c;)i.iil learn or guess lit till! prohal)lo action or i«isposition of Lord Snlishmy. The project of a 'I'cchnical foiiMiiissioii wns lion al issiio liad broadened into tlic larj^er one ol'aii exeiei^t' of the ri^lit of .searcli in time of pi'ace i!])oii what, wilh e()n^i(k'ral)le foreo ot argument and weight of authority, was claimed lo he a part of ihi; iiigh seas, and without the conHcnt of the friendly I'ower who.so vessels were to be subjected to an indignity wliit'h t lie L'nited Stato> iiad oiiee to j;ono to war to resent. What he knew the new conductors of the nej^otiations knew neees.sarily. IJut they scouted liie idea that ICngland would do more than protest, and tliey were not afraid of protestation, Eiujliniil prulcults. All at once it became known that Lord Salisbury meant lo do tiie \ery thing iiowat. expected not to do, and to protect by force, if necessary, jiritish vessels and subjects in 15ohrini;'s Sea. The situation was liastily reviewed, and the conclusiciii reached that, upon the record of the case as madi' since .January last, the (iovernment could not .iMV'nl In yo before liie wnrbl, nor ( vcn before (lie press and peopii' of tlie United 8tatc>, with a ib-'feiKX' of its contcmplatid policy of violence. Tiie I?evenue cutlers were stopped al I'ngel Sound to await further (nders. TIk ncijoi.iation; were restored to tiu> chari;(' of tiie Secretary of Stale, who iinproviseiitk propo>:il doiuncd to cover a retreat not necessiialed by liiinsidf and to ])iit the rpiestion back (o a niirnial and proper situation. 'rbcif uill be no Iroiiiile in liehring's Sea. The claims of thc^ United States ha\r been prcscivcd in full vigou'', and itelore l)ie opening of anotiier scaling season a sellie- mciil will be reached honourable and advantageous to the United Slates. Arhitrntiou e.rpvrteri. It is cxiiected that within the ne.\t ten or twelve days (he negotiations will be so fa^ advanced that new sailing orders maybe issued lo the " Rush "" and " ( drwiii," whicli \essel> will linn resume their interrupted voyage to Rehring's Sea, lliere lo perforin all llie duties retjuired by law. but not lo exercise a ili.sjiuled Jurisdiction \ibicli it is ijn' expeclalion ni the tiovernment to siibinil lo the delcrminalion of some disinleresleil I'ouer or Sovereign. |)ossibly I'ope Tico .Kill, us inlimaled many monlbs ago in iIicm' despatches. Mr. IMaiiu- ga'ic it as an e.^cuse thai lu' could not visit ( 'hieago llii> week, nhi'ii pre.'ised (o ilo so, becau.-!c of the iniportaiict; of the l$ehring\ Sea nogoliations now favourably pr>)gres8ii)g, as he said. No. .{7S, sir ./. Paunrefnti' to the Marqui» of i^alhbuni, — (lificeived July 7.) My hold. \y»Mniitnn, Junr 27, 1800, I IIA\ K (be lionour (o lianHniitcopy of a note \vliicli I addressed to Mr. nlaini' immedia(ely iipiui the receipt ot your l/onisbip's telegram of (be -'(i(h iiisliiiil. I lnis( (bat i( wdl mee(. >\ilb ynir Lordsbip's apjiroval. I hiivc!, iS{c. (SigntMi; JULIAN PAUNOKFOTF, Si,, I IM I lib iii>la VMiuld be I am poiliii l'ie-ideii(, uiiilld, b\ ^boiilO lib I hMV Indosurc in No, !J7S. Sir ./. PniiHCffoff In Mr. lilaine. lyasliliKjliin, Jiiiir 27, I*^"" l> iiiil tail (o (raiisinil lo liii' Maiipiis id' Salisbury a copy of your nole of tii" 111, in Hliicli. willi ii'lerence lo his liordsbip's :ilaleiin'n(, thai Hrilish le!;iHluli"ii leccN-aiy lo enable Her Majesly's (■■ivernmenl to escbide Itrilish vesseU lii m III of (he high seas, "even for an Iniur,'' you informed me, by desire "I IH'- (liat ibe I'liiled Stales' liovernmeiil wnutd be sadslieil " iC Lurd S!ili- inform you (ha( I have bet n ii,striictPil by iiord SHlinhiir* 511 to sliito to vou, in reply, th;!< tlii" Prosidciit s re(|ui'st presents eonstitiitional ilittieulties wliicli would preclude Her Majesty's (Jovernnieut iVoni aeeediui;- to it, except its jtiirt of a ^'t'licnii scheme lor the settlement ol' the Hehrinj^'s Sea coulriiversy. and on eerlaiii con- ilitiiiiis which would justity the assuui])tioii hy Her .Majesty's (Jovi'rnnieiit of the ;;r'ive r('>piinsihilily involved in the ])ro])osal. Those (londilions are : - 1. 'I'liat the two (Governments apfree forthwith to refe ■ to arhiiiation the <|iiestion of ilic lc;;alily of tin; action of the Tnited States' (Jovernmcnt in soi/ing or otiiervvise iitirlcrin^- «ilh liritisii vessels in^aged in liie Heln'in;^"s Sea, outsiilc of teniiiirial naturs, diirniy; the years ISSti, |s^7, and 1S8!). 2. That, pending the award, all interference with BritiHli sealing-vensels shall abso- liiiely ceast'. ■\. That tile United State.-' (hinci ninent, if the a«ai(l sliould he adverse to tluin uii !lic (juestion of leijal rijjfht, will compensate l^ritisli suhjecls for the losses which they may •ii-^tain hy reason of their compliance with the JJritish I'rueUimation. Such are the three condition- on which it is indispensahle, in the view of Her Majesty's dovernnK-ot, that th.- issue of the proposed Proclamation should lie based. As re;;ards tin L'omptn.sa uii claimed by Ili.r Majesty's Government for the losses and injuries sustained by ]!viii>u suhjecis by reason of the action of the I'niled States' (loverument auainst British sealintr- vessels in the Jiehring's Sea during the years lf^80, ISs7, and |MS<», | have already iidormed Jjord Salisi)ury of your assmaiici: that the Irited Slati.'s' (Jovernnieut would not let that claim stand iu the way of an amicnhle ndjustment nt' the controversy, and I trust that tlic reply which, by direction of Lord Siili^buiy, i have now the honour to return to the I'ri'sideul's impiiry, may facilitate liie uttfiinment of that object, for which \\r. have so louj; and so earnestly laboured. I have, Ike. (Hnmed) JULIAN PAUNCI5F0TE. i\o. 879. Sir J. Pimncfj'olv lo llf M(ir(iuis of •Snlislnirii. — (Ri'ceii-ed Jitli/ '.».) I'fi'leni'aphic) Wn in//^>», ./"/»/ H, l^JiO. IN the House of llepresentiilives to-day. on the motion ol Mr. Hin. tlie Chairman i (be IIkusc ('oiinnitlee (Ui lM)reij;n Atfairs. a Kesolulion uii> .ido|. d. " j'l.it the I'residenl lie ie(|Uesti'd to lurnish the House with the correspondence lii!v»ecn the Goveininent of tlie United States and the (iovernment of (treat Britain inuidiini; ihe subjects iu dispute in the BelMin<;'s Sea since the Hh March, ISjs'.i." ^ir. No. 38U. Thr ^fllrqllis of Saliihunj to >'i'r ./. Piiiiucffolv. hhreitjn Offin: .lulu 1(1, isiHi. I AIM'HOVI' (li(> note adilrcssed by you to Mr, Blaine on the subject of the is-ue of a I'roclannUion re<|ueslin;; British vessels to abstuiu from cuterinir the Uebi iii;;'s Sen during the jiicsent Healing season, o) whit.'h a copy wan inclosed in youi despatcii of the 07#i, ..It: 27th ultimo I am, &,v. (Signe.1) S\i,1SiUI!V 512 No. 381. The Marquis of Snlishunj lo Sir J. Pauncefole. Sir, Fnrcid from llussia ritjhts of jurisdiction over the watisrs of JStshring's S(\a to a distance of 100 miles from the coasts transferred to them under the Treatv of the 30tli March, ISO?. In replyiii'j: to the artjiiments to tiie contrary ofTect contained in my despatch of the 22nd .May, Mr. Jllainc draws attention to certain expressioTis which I had omitted for tiie sakt; of l)rcvity in (|Uotinu; from Mr. Adams' despatidi of the 22nd duly, 1823. Jle contends lliat these words ijive a dill'ci'ont meaning' Id the despatc'.'. and thai the latter does not refute, l)\it actually supports, the present claim of tlie United States. It hecomes necessary, thorefon*, that \ should refiir in greater detail lo the correspondence, an examination of whiidi will sliow that tlic passnj^e in qiKjstion cannot have the sit^nilieation which Mr. iJiaine seeks to irive to it, that the words onuttcd by me do not in reality aticct tiie point at issue, and tiiat the view wliieh lu' takes of the atlituile hoth of (ircat Britain and of the United Stales towards Ww. claim put forwiird hy Ilussia in 1S22 cannot lii- rcx-onciled witii the tenour of the ili's))atches. It a])pears from the published jtajiers that in 17!)".) the Ihnjieror Paid 1 uraiilcd hy Charter to the ilussian American Company tiic exclusive rigid of hunting, trade, industries, and di>-eoveries of new land on the north-west coast of America i'mni liehring's Strait to tlie .'i.'Jth degree of north Latitude, with permission to the Com- pany to extend their discoxcries to the south .'lud to form eslahlisiiments tiicrc, provided tliey did not encroach upon tin; territory occupied hy other I'owers. 'I'lie southern limit thus jirovisionaliy assigned to llie Company corj'csponds, within 20 or 30 miles, with that which was eventually agreed upon as the houndaiy hiitwcen the liritish and iiussian possessions. It comprises not only tlu; whole .Vmeriean coast of lleliring's Sea, hut a long reach of coast-iinc to (he south of the Alaskan i'eninsula as far as the level ol the southern perl ion of Prince of Wales' Island. 'rii(> Charter, which was issued at a time of yrcal lOuropeau excilenieut, allraeli'd a[>parently little .iltcntiou at the nionient, and gave rise to no remonstrance. It made no claim to exclusive jurisdictiiui over Hie sea, nor do any measure;* appi'ar to liaM' hecu taken undi'i- it to r<'sti'ict the eomincrce, ua\igation, or lisln .-y of the sMhjccts of foreign nations. Hut in Se|il('nd)er 1^21 the Jtussini tiovci'uiiicnl issued a fresh l.'kase, of which the jirovisions material to the present discussion were as follows: — "Soi'liiiii 1 Til"! I in's\iits (it coiniiU'ici', \vli;iliii;^, iiiid lisliiii;, uii'l nf ull (iiliiT iniliisii'V, (III nil islaiuls, |Hiri , iiiid ^Mlll.^, iiichi'lni^' iIkj \v1i'>1i.' ol tlic iKulli-wcsl const of Aiiici iu, liui;iiiiiiiij,' iVuni Hi'liiiii^'H NUiiil to ihi! ."list (li';;r(.(! of iniitlnrii Inlitinli' ; iiNo I'khii llu' Ali'Utiiiii IslainU In llii.' oa.ilcrii (1 isl III' Siliciiii, as Wi'll as aloiii; the Kiinji' Islniiils liinii Itrliriiii^'s Sliail In llic soillli i'ii|iu nl ill",' |sl:iii( (i| I'mji, y\/... Ill 15 TiO' niiriht'iu latitmlc, are cxiliisivcly j.'iaiiii I to iJnssiaii siiliicc'.''. ".S'l', J. ll is llicrct'iiiv ]ii'iiliilii(("l to all I'liK'iLjii vossils lint miiy Ui laml on tin; ciiiisls mul ialamlM liulnlivtili'^ to Uiissiii, as staloil almvu, Inil also to a|i|ii'iiai li tlicni within less lliaii lUII Italiiiii niilt'H. Thu transit L'ssor'i) vuhhcI ib Diilijurl lu cunllscation, iikuig with tlir wliolu cargo." My this IJkasc the exclusive dominion claimed hy Hussia on the .Vmerican Con- tinent was puslied some 2.')0 miles to the south us far as Vancouver Island, and notice 513 was for the first tirao p;ivcn of ii elaiiii to niavitiine jurisdiction which was regarded lidlli in Eiii;lan(l aiul tlu> United .States as e.\h'avai;aiit, or, to use Lord Stowell's (icscriplion of it, "very unnicasiired and insupjiortahle." I'pon nu'eivinii: conimnnicjalion oi" tiic L !;ase, tlie Britisli and Uniti'd States' (;i)vernnients at once ol)jected both to tiie extiMision of tlie teiritorial claim ;'.;id to the assertion of maritime jurisdiction. Tor the present, I will reter only to the protest of the United States' (Jovcrnment 'I'his was made in a note from Mr. John Quincy Adams, then Secretary of State, to the Russian Jlqircseutative, dated the 25tli Tehruary, 1822, wliieli contains the followini^ statement : — " I iiiii cliivi'toil liy till' I'rt'siilunt of the I'liilud .Statc-i 1<> iiit'ovni vdu thiit ho hus seen wilh sui'inise ill ihU Ivlict th(; ,'\sscitii)ii of a tiTrituriiil diiiiii mi the |init nf liiHsiii cxli'iKlinj; to the ."ilst, ih'i^nn! m| iiuilh iiititiide nil this cDiitiiit'iit, unci ii rcijnlatioii iiitclilii'tilij,' In all coiiiiiii'ieiiil vessels otlier than h'li-i^iaii, n|Hiii tlie ]ieiia!ty nf seizure iiiul eniifisoalinii, the a|iiiiiiacli ii|k)1i the lii^'li sens witiiiii 111' Italian miles nf (he slinres tu which lliat ehiiiii is niaile to a|i[ily. Tho relations of the riiited Slates wilh Ills Iin|ierial Majesty ha\e always been of thn most IViemlly ehiiractei-, and it is the earnest desii'e of this (loveinnieiit to |preserve tjiem ill that state, it was expecteil, hefore anv act whieh slioiild deliiie the hniindary liotweeii the leiritories of the United Stati.'S and h'lissiii on tin's npiiliiieiil, that tlie same would liavt' lieeii anan;,'ed hy Tieaty hot Ween tlie parties. To e.\c hide tliu vis^eis of onr citizens tVom the shore, lieyond the ordiiiaiy distance to which the tenitovial jiiiis- iliriiuii extends, has e.\i;iteil still ureater siirpiise. " 'fiiis < >itliiiaiiei' ad'ects so deejily the riuhts of the f'liiti'l States and of their citizens tliat I nil insiriicted to inciuire wiiethi r yoii aie aiilhoii/.id to j^ive exiijaiiatioiis of the i;roniids of iij;lit, iipmi |iiinciples j,'eiiei'aliy rei'o^oiized li.v the laws and usaues nf nations, wliicli call warrant the claims and ivjiilations contained in it.'' The ]{iissian Kepreseittalive replied at !en'.itli, derendiiii,' the territorial claim on irroimds of discmcry, lirst oecnpiition, and iiinlistiirhed possession, and e.vpl.-iininn' the motive " which determined the miperitii (ioverniiieiil to prohihit forei^'ii vessels from .•ipproachinj; the north west coasts of .Vmeriea hcloiiijjini;' to Russia, within the (iistjmce of at least lOO Italian miles. 'I'liis measure," he said, " however severe it may iit lirst view appear, is alter all but ii im-asiire of jirevention." lie went on to s!iy that it was iido|ite(l in oi'der to put ii sto]) to an illicit trade in tirms and anmiiinition with the natives, againsi whieii the itiissian (jovernment had frequently rciiionstnitcd ; ami further on he ohsei'ved : — ■• I oiivhl, in the la-i place, to reipicsl Villi to cniisidcr, sir, that the h'nssi.in possessions in the I'ai ilic Ocean extend, on the iioilh-wesl coast of .\nierica, I'lniii I 'eh ring's .Sliait to the .Mst deyree of ii'iilh lalitiide, anil on the opposite side of .\sia and the islands adjaceiil, finm the same strait to ill' l."ith de'.;iee, the extent of sea of which these possessions I'onii the limits com|irehcnds all the con- iiliniis which are ordinarily atlaehed to .rrilorial ri|,'hts of Unssia on the north-west cuasi of .Vmeriea were not conlined to the limits of the I'oucessiim nranlcd lo the llussian .\merlcaii (yompany in 17!)'.), iind ari^uinif that the nrcat exteni of the racilie Ocean at tll(^ alst dey:ree of latitude iliil not invaliduh! the right whi<'h Itussia might have to consider that part of the ocean as closed. Hut he added that further discussion of this point was uimecessary, as the Imperial (iovernmeiit luid not thought lit to l.ake jidvantage of that riu'ht. The correspondenee then dropped for a time, to be resumeil in (he I'ol lowing tilling. Hut it is perfectly cleiir trom Ihe iibove thiil the privileges granted to (he |12SJ W V 514 Russian American Company in 179!), M'liatovcr ('fToot tlioy may have had as 101,'ards other llussian suhjects, did not operate to exclude American vessels from any part of the coast, and that the attempt to exclude them in 1H21 was at onc(^ resistcil Further, that the llussian (Jovernnient liad no idea of any distinction hetiveon Hehrini^'s Sea and the I'acific Ocean, whicli latter tliey considered as reaching soutli- ward from IJehrin^'s Straits. Nor tlirouifliont the whole of the suhsecpient corrcs- BDndencc is there any ref( has argued at great length to sliow that wiien Mr. Adams used these clear and forcible expressions i.e did not mctui what Ik; s(>'>med to say ; that when lie stilted that the United States "could admit no part ui th(>se cdaims," he metint that they admitted all that part of them which relatt>d to the coast north of the Aii'iitian Isiiinds; thtit when be spoke of tlie Soutiiern Ocean, he meant to except Hehring's Sea ; and that when he contended that the ordinary exceptions tind exclusions of the territorial jurisdictions had no existence, so far its llussiiin rights Mere concerned, on the Continent of .Vmerica, lu; used tJie hitter term not in ii geogritphical imt in a "territorial" sense, ;ind tacitly exeejited, by a very singular priilio priuripii, the llussian j)ossessions. In (U'der to carry out this tliecn-y, it is necessary for iiim also to assnnu! that the negotiatrn-s in the course of the discussions made indiscrimiinite use of tlie term "north-west coast of America," witli a variety of signitlctition which he admits to be "confusing, and, at certain points, aiiparentlv contradictory aiul irrecon- cilable." The reputation of the American statesmen and diplomatists of that day for caution ami precision alfords of itself strong iirgument against such a vii'w, and, even if this had been utiierwise, so forced a coustruciion woiihl rcciuire very strong evidence to confirm it. Ibit !i glance at the rest of the despatch and at tlie other papers wi'l siiow that tlu> more simple interpretation of the words is the correct one. For Mr. Adams goes on to say : — " The coiTe.s|H)ndence I clwecn M. I'nlctica and this Department contained no iliseussion of tlic |iniici|iles or of the facts n|inii \vhi<,h he atleni|ilcd the justilicatinn of tin' Ini|ieiial I'kase. Tlii.H was iiar|iosely avnidcci nn our put, under ilu' c\|icclation that the Imperial (nuennucnl cnuld ii"l fail, ii|ion a rc\ icw of tin- na'asuie, to revoke it alln'jelhi'r. Il did, linue\er, excite mm h paMii' anil Iversinn in this cnunliy, as the I'kase itself had already dniie in iuiiihiml. I incln'^e herewith tlie'Noilh .\nieriean Iteview' fur ( titipher ISUl!, No, ;(7, wliich cnnlains an Arlirle fp. ;;7(i; wiitlcu by a persnn fidly master nf the suhjeei ; ami fnr the view of it taken ill Fneland I refer yna I'l the lillv-sccoml nuiulicr of the ' l,luarterly Ii'eview,' the article upon l.ieuleiiaiil Kn(/.uhue'.s vovuyi';). Frnm the article ill lilt' 'Nnrth .Anu'iican iJeview' il will he seen that the li'jhls nf dlscovciy, of iiccupamv, ami of uneonlesled iiosses.suin, alhiKed liy ,M. I'olelica, are all with ml haindatiiiii in fact. ,.."." On reference to llio last-mentioned article, it will be found that tlie writer states Jiiit "a tradi,' to Ihi; nortii-wcslern coast of America and llie free navigation of the waters that wash its slion-s have been enjoyed as a common right by subjects of the United States and of several JMiropean Powers, without interruption, for nearly forty years. We are by no means prepared to believe, or admit, that ail this li.is been rely, and that the rijliln of commeice and navii,Mlion in timt region have been vested in {{iissia al'me," FurMier oii he inils the (luestion in the i'ollowing manner (the italics are his ov.i,): -'it 'm not, we appreliend, wlietlier lluHsiu iius any sottlemeuts ili.it give lior territorial claims on the Coutinent of 615 Amorica. This wc do not ''.ony — but it is irhethor the location of those xettlemrnt.* and till- (lisroverlos of hvr intrujiitors are such at, Iheij are rr/irrsrntetl tn he ; whether Ihci/ eiilitle her to the exclusive possession of the whole terrilonj north of 51°, and to sovereignty over llir Pacific Ocean beyond that parallel." 'J'lieso passages sufllciontly illustrate Mr. Adams' mcaninij;, if any cvidonce be ic(Hiirc() that ho used i)hiin laiii;uau;e in its ordinary sense. Clearly ho meant to deny tliul the liussian settlenu-nts or diseoveries i,'ave Jlussia any elaini as of rinht i:> exclude the navigation or fishery (j1' otlu.-r nations I'roni any part of the seas on the (■(last of America, and that her rights in this respect were limited to the territorial waters of corL'iin islands of which she was in j)ermanent and com])lete occupation. Having distinctly laid down this j)roposition as regards the rights of the case, .Mr. Adams went on to state wiiat the United States were ready to agree to as a matter of Conventional arrangement, lie said : — "With rcj'iinl to tlui tcnitdriiil rliiiui, sciMiratc riuin llx; li;;lit nf trnflic with tln' imtivi's nml li"m ;iiiy .■.ysleiii iif colniiiiil cxrliisiniis, \vi> iirt' willing to mumm; to tlic liimiuliiiv-liiii' williiii wliicli lliu Kui|iiiiir raul liiul ^'raiiluil cxelusivo |irivil(.';,'i's to the liiissiaii .\meiuaii Cuiiiipaiiy, lliat is to say, l.ilitinlii "(5°. " If till! liu.s.iiaii (iovcniiin-'iit aii]ircluMi(l scriniis iiimiiivciiiciKa' luiiii t)ic illirit liiillii- ul' liiii'i;.'iiiTs with tlicir sc'ttk'iiieiits tm iW. nnitli-wcst loast, it may lie flU-iliinlly uuanli'il a^aiiisl liy stiimlatimis iiiiiiiav 111 those a ilraft of which is herewith suhjuiiiecl, ami to wliirh you are aiiliiorizeil, on tin; paiL of till! United States, to agree. . . ." The draft Convention was as follows : — " Drti/l of Trciitij hdnyi n (he UnilnJ Sli'l''i (mil J/ii.'isia, ".Viticle I. In order to strengthen the lionds of liiinilshi|), ancl to preserve in fnliile a {.erfect liiiiiiiaiy and good iinderst.u?iding hetween the Contracting I'aitii-s, it is agreed that their resjiective lili/.cn- and snhji'cl.s shall not hi' disturlied or molested, either in navigating or in carrying on ih' ir h-^heries in the raeilic (Icean or in the. South .Seas, or in liinding on the coasts of tlioso seas, ill plaees not already cicen|iied, for the |iin|iose of carrying on tlieir cunimerec with the natives of the iiiinitry, .suhjeet, neverthele.ss, to the restrielions and |iro\isions speeilied in the two lollowinj; .Vrlicle.s. " Art. 11. To the end lliat the navigation and hshery of Uie citizens and snhjeets of the Contracting r.iilies, respectively, in the I'acitic Ocean or in the SmuiIi Seas may not Iju made a prele.st lor illii-il trade with tlieir respective settlements, it is agreed that Ihi' citizens of the I'nited Stales shall ii'il land on any jiart of the coast actually occupied hy I'li.-sian .si'ltlemeiits, unh.'ss hy |ieriiii'-sinn ■ I the (iovernor or Connnander thereof, luid that llus.sian sulijects shall, in like maiUM'r, he interdicted fieiii landing without jiermission at any settlement of the I'nited Stales on the vaid norlh-we.sl coa.st. •' .\it. 111. It is agreed that no .M'ttlenieiit >hall he ma.le hereafter on the north-wesl c last of .\iaerica hy citizens of tho UliitcJ Slates or uuJer tlitir authority, north, nor hy JIussian si,'ijeelii, ir under the authority of Itussia, south of .lie .■|,')lh degree of mirth latitude." In an explanatory despatch to Mr. Hush, tho American ]VIini'.tcr in London, s;imc date, Mr. .Vdams says : — "The right of carrying on trade with the natives throughout the uorth-wesi coast liny (the rniled ."^iiiies) cannot renoiniee. With the IJussian selllemenls at ICodiak, or at New .\rchangel, thev may fiiilv claim the advanlage of a free trade, having so Imiu enjoyed it unmolested, and hecau'^e it In- lieen and would continiu' to he as advantageous at least to tho-ic -cttlenieiits as to them. Ilitt l!ii \ will not coulesi the ri;;ht of i;u- c:tn he interpreted utherwise jli;in ;is ;ipplying to Ihe north-west coast el .Vmericii generally, . r how it can he seriously contended that it w.ms meant to ileiiote only the more w-sterly pm'tion, ex(duding the more north-westerly part, lii'ciuse l)y beeomiiig a Itu.ssian possession this latter liad ceii.sed to belong to tho .\iui'rie!ii' ' iitinent. .Mr. IMaine states tluit when .Mr. Middlelim declared that ISiissia h;id no right ef exclusion on the coasts of America hetween tin- "lOlh andiiOth degrees n[ north laliludc, nor in Ihe .seas which washed those coasts, hi' intended lo make a distinclion lietwecn llehring's Sea and the I'aeilic Oee;in. Hut u\m)\\ reference to a .Mii|), it will lie seen that the (Ittth degree of north latitude strikes straight across IJehring's Sea, li'!i\ing i)y far Ihe larger .and more important part of it to tin; south; so that I I'liiil'ess it appears lo me that hy no eonciMvalile eonstruelion of his words can .Mr. Middlelon lie stippo.sed t Treaiy between the I'nited Sl.ales and liiissia of the I7th .Vpril, IS:il, | will only s.'iy that it is, as far iis 1 am awiire, an enlindv novel one, that there is no traei- of its having been [I'JHj * :.» U 2 510 kiio\rn to the various publicists who havo i^ivon an afconnt of tlio oontrovorsy in Treaties ois [iitornatioiiiil Liuv, and that it is contrary, as I shall sliow, to tliat wliidi the IJritisii nci^otiators [jUicod on the Treaty when th(\v adopted tli(> 1st and Uiul Articles for insertion in the IJritish Tr(>aty of the 28th Eeljruary, 1825. I must further dissent from his interpretation of Artieh; VII of the latter Treaty. Tliat Article gives to tiie vessels of the two Towers " liherty to fre([uent all tlie inland s(;as, gulfs, havens, and en-oks on th(^ coast mentioned in Arti(de III, for the purpose of flshing ami of trading with the natives." The expression "coast mentioned in Article III " can only refer to the flrst words of the Article : •• The line of domareatioa between the posses-sions of the High Contracting Parties upon the coast of the continent and the islands of America to the north-Avest shall he drawn," &e. That is to say, it included all the possessions of the two I'owers on the north-west coast of America. l'\)r there would have heen no s(?nse Avhatever in stipulating that Russian vessels should have freedom of access to Ihe small })ortion of coast which, hy a later part of the iVrticle, is to helong to I'ussia. ^Vnd as bearing on this jjoint it will hi; noticed that .Vrtitde \'I, '.fliich has a more restricted liearing, speaks only of "the subjects of ilis Britaniu'o Majesty," and of " the lino of roust dcucrihcd in ^Vrticsh; HI." The stipiilations of tiie 'I'l'caty were fornnilly renewed hy Articles inserted in the General Treaties of Comnu'rce between (ireat Hritain and Russia of ISMJ and Iss.VJ. Hut ilr. JUaine states that " the rights of the Hussian American Company, which, under both Ukases, included the sovereignty over the .sea to the extent of 100 miles from tli(! shores, were reserved by special clause in a scjparate and special Article signed after the principal Articles of th(> Treaty had been concluded and signed." Upon this I have to observe, ir the first place that the Ukase of 17'.)i) ilid not contain any mention whatever of sovereignty ()V(!r thi> S(!a; secondly, that the context of the Sepanite .Vrticle is such as altogether to })reelude the interpretation that it was meant to recognize the objectionable claim contained in the Ukase of 1821. I will quote the Article at length : — " Sipiirali; Aili'ii: II. " It is uii'lcrstouil ill liko iiLiinicr lliat tlit; cxcKijtinu.s, iinimniitios, iind i)iivili',!,'i's iicrtMiiiil'tt' nicntiotind sliall not bo cniisidiTid iis ;it vai'iinic(! with tlio ]]iiii(iplt' of rcciiirmity wliicli Ibinis tlic bii.sis ol' tlu! Ti'i'.ity (if tlii.s dali', that i^ to s.ny : — "1. Till' i-xi'iiiiitiou IVoMi iiiivii;atioii <\w" ilin-iii,!^ the first ihrw years, whicli is ciijoyeil liy vcsst'ls liuilt ill liiissia and lu'lnii^'iiiL; to lliissian -ubJiTls. "2. The rxi'liiiitioiis ol' tlic lils, and the imnuuiifies of yacht clubs, it was iutei\dt'd to acknowledge; a claim of jiu'isdictiou against which Her Majesty's (jovernmcnt had formally protested as contniry (o international law, and which it had avowedly hceii one of tiie main objects of the Treaty of is^.'i to (■xliiiguish, is a suggestion too improbiihli! to re([uire any lengthened dis(uission. Ibit II( 1- .Majesty's (ioverniiKint did not of course au:re(> to the .Vrticle witinmt knowing what was Ihe e.xact nature of tin; ])ri\iicges thufj excepted from reciprocity. They bad received I'roni the Hussian .Vmbassador. in Deiicinber 18 f2, iin ex|)lanat(iiy jMemoraio''!:., mi tins subject, of wbicli the (uUowing is the pirrtiou relating to tlie llu.ssian American Company : — "IV. " Iji Coinimiinii' Iliisse-Ameiiiaiiie a le piivili'ijo dVx)iedinr francs de droits: de Cionstadl aiitoai dll niondi) lit il'dclioi.ik dans les Colonie.s Ii'usm's, jes prodiiils liii.sses aiiisi i|iiu le.s mareliaiidi>is (jlnin;^rres doiit le.H dioils out ili'Ja eti' pli'li'Vi's; de ini'iiie il'iiiipoiter all rcloiir de ec.s L'oloiiiiH ilis carj^aisons de pidli'teiii'S ct d'aiitiis inodiiiLs de i-fn ( 'olonies, sans payiM' iiiiriili droit .si d 'a pi v^ les lois jii'iii'ndes il n'rsl pas I'labli d'iliipnt palljiailii-r ilili'rielir siir li'S niarrjiandise.s de pellclriii'. •' Oh'.i i-f'iliiin. — -li'apres Ic Tiirif en vi;;iieiir. riinpoitalioii dcs foiirniivH ilaiis Ics porls Av iSt.-l'etcruljouijj; et irAii;liiin;;el, de |iiodiietion lii'Hso <'l mil' dos vaisseaux IJiissos, est iidmise siiiw droits." 517 It is surely incredible tlmt if the |)i-i\ ileyi; of tlie lliissiaii Aiuericaii Company did comprise a riiflit of exeludinxplanation. Nor is it j)ossihle to a!?rc(! in Mr Blaine's view, that the cxelusion of foreii^n vessels for a distanee of 100 miles from the eoast remained in force pendin!,' the Bc;,'otiations, and in so far as it was not rao, be asserted hy force, hut cannot be said to have any len territoire. h'usage ^ji'iic'ral desj nations permet ('galemeul aux Ktats d'exerecr leur juridiction sur la /lone ULariliuie jusipiii I! mille inarins nii a la portee de canon lU: leurs eotes." Hut T need scarcely appeal to any other authority than that of the United States' (jovernnnjut itself. In a note to the Spanish ilinister, dated the lOth Deeember, 1SG2, op. (he subj(!ct of the Spanish chiim to a (i-niile limit at sea, Mr. Seward stated: — • " .V third principle liearing on the suhjeel is also well estidilished, namely, that this exehisivi^ .■iiivereigi.ty of a nation -thus idiridging the universal liherty n\' the seas — exti'uils no farther than the power of the nation to maintain it hy force, statiniied on the coa.st, extends. This principle is tcr.scly (ixjiressed in the maxim : ' Term ihnniniuin Jinitiif idii /iiiifur uriimrHin ris.' '"llut it must always lie a matter of uncertainly and dispuli' at what point the I'urce of arms, ixerted on the coast, c.in actually nach. The puhlicisls rather advanced fowanls than reached a siihitioii wlieii lluy laid down the ruK that the limit nf tiie loree is the range of a caiiiion-hall. The niiige of a cannon-hall is shorter or longer .lecordiiig to the eirciimstauces of iivojection, and it must lie always lialile to change with the iniprovementof the science of oiduance. .Siu'h uncertainty upon a |"ijnl iif jinisdiction nr .sovcniguty woidd he pnnluclive of many and endless eontniversies ami mntlict.s. A more practical liiuil of national jurisdiitiim upon ihe high .scuis was indisjiensalily necessary, anecr(te or Declaration wliatsuever. Ife cannot, hy a mei-e Deciw, extend the limit and li.\ it at li miles, liecause, if he could, he could in the .same manner, and upen niotivt's of interest, amliition, or even upon eajirice, lix it at lU, or '2*\ or oU miles witlaait the consent or acipiiescence of other I'owers whicii have a common right witii himself in the freedom of all the ocean.s. fSucIi a prei^nsion could never he .successfully or rightfully maintained." The same i)rincii)les were laid down 'n a note addressed to Sir E. Thornton by Mr, Fisli, then Secretary of State, on the 22nd January, 1875. Mr. Fish there stated : " We have always understood and asserted that pursuant to pub'ic; law no nation can riiirhtfuUv claim jurisdiction at sea bevond a marine leasjue from the coast." He then went on to explain the only two exceptions that were apparently known to him so far as the United States \mv concerned : certain llcvenue Laws which admitted the boarding of vessels at a distance of I leagues from the coast, which, ho said, had n(!Vor been so apitiied in jn-actice as to give rise to coni])laint on the part of a foreign Government ; and a Treaty between the United States and ilexico of 1818, in which the boundary-line between the two States was described as beginning in the Gulf of ^le.vico, 1) .'agues from land. As regards this stipulati(m, h' ob.served that it had been explained at the iluw that it could only alVeet the rights of Mexico and the United States, and was never intended to trench ui)on the rights of Great Britain or of any other i'ower luider the law of nations. It would seem, therefore, that Mr. Fish was entirely unaware of the exceptional jurisdicti(m in Uehring's Sea, which is now said to havc^ be( > conceded by the United Stat(,'s to JUissia from lb'2li to 1S(J7, transferred to the L .lited States, so far as the American coast was coiu'crned, only eight years before he wrote, and which would presumably be still acknowledged by them as belonging to llu.ssia on tin; Asiatic shore. 1 must supi)ose that when Mr. Hlaine states that "both the United States and Great llritain recognized, respected, obeyed " the Ukase of 1821, in so far as it alVected Bchring's Sea, he has some evidence to go upon in regard to the conduct of his country Mhieh is unknown to the world at large, atul which he has not as yet j)rodueed. lint 1 must be allowed altogether to deny that the attitude of tireat Britain was such as he re[)resents, or that .she ever admitted by act or by sulfcraucc the extraordinary claim of maritime jurisdiction which that I'kase contained. The inv'losed copi(>s of correspondence, extracted from the archives of tliis Olliec, make it very diilietdt to believe that ilr. Blaine has not l)een altogether led into error. Jt residts from them that not only did Her Majesty's Government formally protest auainst the Ukase on its iirst issue as contrarv to the acknowledited law of nations, hut that the Kiissinn Government giive a verbal assurance that the claim of jurisdiction would not be exercised. In the subsecpient negotiations great importance was attached to obtaining a more formal disavowal of the chiim in the manner least hurtful to Bussian susceptibilities, but .so as elfeetually to preclude its revival. And this security the British Government undoubtedly considered that both they and the United States had obtiiined by the Conventions of 1821- and 1825. Upon this point the instructions given by Mr. George Canning to Mr. Stratford Canning when the latter was named J'lcnipoteutiary to negotiate the Treaty of 1825 have a nuiterial bearing. Writing under date the 8th Ueeembcr, 182-4, after giving a summary of the negotiations up to that date, he goes on to say : — "It is conipa'alively imlillerent to us wliiilher we ha.sten or iiostjione all qnestion.s ii'speetilif; the limit.s on, and that instructions have lont; ajjo heen sent hy the Russian (iMVi-rument to their uruizers in tlie I'acide to suspend the execution of its jirovisions, is true, hut ;i ]irivate disavowal of a jiulilished ilaim is no security ai,'ainst the revival of that claim ; the 5M«]iension of the execution of a iirinciple may bo perfectly compatible with the continued maintenance of tiie principle itself. "The ri^;ht of the subjects of His Majesty to navigate freelv in the I'acific cannot be held as a ni.ittcr of indulgence from any I'ower. Having once been publi(dy inuiStiiauMl, it must be laiblicly ai kunwli'dged. " W'l' ill) not desire that any distinct reference should be made to the Ukase of 1S21, but we do f. , 1 it necessary that the statement of our riglit shouM be lUtnr and jinsitive, and that it should i'liiit fnrlh in the Convention in the )ilari! which pro|)erly belongs to it as a ])lain and sutistantive >ii|iMlation, and not be brought in as an incidenUil consc^nuencu of other arrangements to which we ;r,t;i<-h comp;iratively little importance. "This stipulatii 11 stands in the grant of the Convention concluded bctwc'eu Itu^ia and the United Stiites of Ameriia, aiirl we see no reason why, njHUi similar claims, we .should not obtain ox.ntly th(^ like satisfaction. "I'lir rcasdiis of tlu? same nature we cannot eon.sent that the libertj' of navigation through lliliring's Straits should be stated in the Treaty as a bcHin from liussia. "The tenclency i.f such a statement woulcl be to give countenance to those claim.s of exclusive jurisdiction against which we, on our own behalf and on that of the whole civilized world, protest. " It will of cour.se strike the Ilu.ssian I'lenipotentiaries that, by the aihiption of the American .\vtiile respe'.'tiiig navigation, &c., the provision for an exclusive fishery of 2 leagues from the coasts nfDiir respective po,-scssions falls to the grouml. " Hut the omission is, iti truth, immaterial. "Tliu law of nations assigns the cxdusivo sovereignty of 1 h'agno to each Power off its own ■ "lists, without any s)«'eilii' from the coast; that it is impossible to admit that a public right to fish, catch seals, or ))ursiu; any other lawful occupation on the high seas can be Indd to be abandoned by a nation from tlic mere fact tliat for a certain miinlier of years it lias not snitedthe sul)jects of tliat nation to exercise it. it must l)e renu'mbered that Hritish Colinnbia has come into existence as a Colony at a c()mi)ai-atively lecent date, and that the first considerabh,' iniliix of population, some thirty years ago, was due to the discovery of gold, and did not tend to an immediate develrpment of the shipping interest. 1 have to retjuost that \'u\i will comnumicati! a copy of this despatch, and of its inclosures. to .Mr. lilaine. Y'ou will state that Her .\l;;jesty's (ioveriimeiit have no desire whatever to refuse to tli(> United Stales any jurisdiction in Reliring's Sea which was conceded by Great Uritain to Uussia, and which properly accrues to the present 520 possessors of Alaska in virtue of Troatios or the law of nations ; find that if tlio United States' (lovenunent, after examination of the evidenee and arf^unients wiiirU T have prodneed, still diiVer from them as to the legality of the reeent eaptures in that sea, they are ready to a^ree that the qnestioji, with the issues that depend U|iou it, should he rei'erred to im|)artial arhitration. Vou will in that case he authorized to consider, in eoncert with Mr. JJlaine, the method of procedure to he followed. I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. Inelosure 1 in No. 382. Lord Londonderry to Count Licven. Foreign Office, January 18, 1822. THE Undersigned has the honour herchy to aeknowlcdi^e the note addressed to him hy ]laron de Xieolai, of the 12th Novemher last, (jovei-iiii; a copy of an I'kase issued hy His Imperial ^Iaj(>sty the llinperor of All the I'ussjas, and hearini,' date tlio 1th SeptemhiM', ls21, for various purposes therein set foi'th, especially connected with tlie territorial rii,'lits of his Crown on the north-western const of America hordering upon the raciiic, and the commerce and navigation of His Imperial .Majesty's suhjeets in the seas adjacent thereto. This document, containing Eegulations of great extent and importance, hoth in its territorial and maritime l)earings, has heeii considered wi'th the utmost attention, and with those favoiu'ahle sentimi-nts which His Maj(^sty's {JovrrnnuMit always hear towards the ads ofa 8tat(^ with which His Majesty has the satisfaction to feel himself connected hy the most intimate ties of friendship and alliance, and having heeii referred f(U' the" Report of those high legal authorities who.se duty it is to advise His JIajesty on such matters, the Undersigned is dincli'd, till siieii friendly explanation., can take place hetween the two (iovernnients as may ohviate misunderstanding upon so delicate and important a point, to make such provisional protest against the enaet- m(>nts of the said Ukase as may fully serve to save the rights of His ^lajesty's Crown, and may protect the person^ :',nd properties of His ^lajesty's suhjeets from molestation in the exercis(! of their lawful callings in that ([uarter of the glohe. The Undersiiiiied is comnnmdcd to acquaint Count Lieven that, it heing tlio King's constant desire to respect and (lau.se to 1)(! respected hy in's suhjeets, in the fullest manner, the i;m|)( ror of Itussia's just rights, His .Majesty will he ready to enter 'into amicahln exphiuations upon the interests alVeeted hy this instrument, in such manner as may he most aeeeptahle to His Imperial ^lajesty. In the meantime, upon the suhjeet of this Ukase genemlly, and especially upon the two main principles of (daim laid down therein, viz., an exclusive sovereignty alleged to helong to Russia over the territori<'s therein descrihed, as also the exclusive right of navigating and trading ■within the nniritime limits therein set forth. His Britannic ^lajesty ii.'ist he understood as hereliy reserving all his rights, not heing j)repared to ailmit that the intercourse which is allowed on the face of this instriunent to have hitherto suhsisled on th"se coasts, and in those seas, can he deemed to he illicit ; or that tin' ships of friendly l'('rs, even su|)posing an unqualified sovereignty was jjriived lo M|qiertaiii to llie lnq>eri:d t'ro\\n, in these vast and very imperfectly oc(Mipied territories, eoiUd, hy the acknowledged law of nations, he excluded from navigating within the distance of 100 Italian miles, as therein laid down, from the coast th(! exclusive dominion of whieii is assumed (hut as His M.ajesly's (Joverument conceive in eri-or) to helong to His luipcrial Majestv the IJuperor of .Vll the Kussias. (Signed) LONHONUEllRY. C31 Inclosuro 2 in No. 382. Memorandum hii the Ihikc of Wellini/ton. — {Sfpteinher 1 1, IR'J2.) TN the course of a convi'rsation wliicli I luul yi'storday witli ('diiiif Tjicvcii, lio informed tliat lie liad been direeted to ^ive verbal exp'a .ations of the I'ka-^e res|ieetiiii; tlic nortii-western eoast of Anieriea. Tliese explanations went, lu' said, to tiiis. that the I'lniiieror did not iiroposc; to carry into excriition tiii! I'kase in its extended sense; lliMl His fniiierial .Majesty's ships had hecn (iireeted to cruize at tlie shortest possil)le distance from the shore, in or(l(;r to supply the natives w,'\\ arms and amnumilion. mid in (n-der to warn all vessels that that was His imperial .Ma i<'s|y's dominion, and iliMl His Imjierial Majesty liad besides -^'iveii directions to his Minister in the I'm'ted States to agree u|)on a Treaty of liimits with the United Stales. Inelosure 3 in No. 3S2. Mr. (S. Cmmmij to thr Dnke of l\'i'lliiiijtoii. My liord DuTco, Foreign Office. Seplemher 27, 1822. VOl'R (Irace is already in possession of all that has passed both hero and at SI. l'etersl)urii;b, on the subject of the i.ssue, in September of last year, by tin,' Kmperor nf I'ussia, of an Ukase, iiidireetly assertiut;: an cxtdusivi^ rii^bt of sovereij^nty from lii'hrin<;'s Straits to the .'dst degree of north latit\ide on the west const of America, an Italian miles of those coasts. This I'kiise having been communicated by liaron Niiulai, the I'ussian Change d'.Vtlaires at this Court, to His Majesty's (io\(>rn- iiii'nt, i"" '■ rthwith submitt(>d to the legal authorities Aviios{> duty it is to advise His Miijesty t.;i such matters, and a note was in conse(|uencc addressed by the late Marquis of Londonderry to Count Lieven, the Russian .\mbass;t(lor, and also communicated to His Majesty's .\mbassador at St. IVtersbnrgb, protesting against the enactments of the s;ii(l I'Kase, and requi^sting such amicable explanations as nu'ifht tend lo reconcile the, liretensions of Russia in that quarter of the globe with the just rights of His Nfajesty's I'rown and the interests of his subjects. As sucli ex])lanatious will probably be olVered to your (Jrace during the Conferences about to take ])Iaee at N'icnna, ( hasten to signify to you the King's commands as to the lan'.;uage which you \\ill bold on the part of Ilis Jlajesty ujion this subject. The opinions given in November and December last by Lord Stowell and by His Majesty's .Vdvocate-(ieiienil (copi(!s of whieh are already in your possession^ will I'iirni'di you with the best legal argumi-nts in oj)posi'iou to the pretensions i)ut foi'ward in the Russian Ukase; and, as in both these opinions inueli stress is very ])roi)erly laid iqioii the state of actual oceu|)ation of the territories claimed by Itnssia, and the ilill'erent periods of time at which they Avere so occupied, 1 have obtaini-d from the iio\('rnor of the principal Comjiany of His >fajesty's subjects tradimi; in that j)art of ihe world the information which your Onice will lind in the inclose I papers. That information will enable you sulliciently to ))rove to the iiussian Minister, not only that the point of prior discovery may be fairly disputed with Knssia, but thai the nnich more certain tit'e of actual occujiation by the igents and the trading servants of the Hudson's Ray Company extends at this moment to many degrees of higiier latitude on Ihe nortii-west coast of Anieriea than is claimed as the territory of llussia by the rkas(> in (piestion. Enlightened statesmen and jurists have long liehl as insiunilicant all liUi's e.f torritory that aro not founded on actual occupation, and that title is, in the opinion of the most esteemed writers on public law, to bi> establisbeil only by |iiaelical use With respect to the other poiii's in the Ikase which have the elfeet of extending the territorial rights of IJussia over ilu adjacent se.as to the nnpreeediMiteil distance of 100 miles from the line of coast, and of ciosing a hitherto nnobslrueted jiassage, at the piTsent moment the object of important discoveries for the ])romotion of general commerce and navigation, th(>se]trelensions are considered by the best legal authorities as positive innovations on the rights of navigation ; as such they can receive no exjilanation from further discussion, uor can by pos.sibility be justified. C(mimon usage, which liaa I.128J 3 X 522 ohtainofl tbn forro of law, lias iiidocd assiffiuHi (o coasts and shoros ni\ a«'ce8«orial boundary to a sliort limited distance t'iiriiiir|>ost'so|' protcciion ami irciicrai convi'iiii'iici', in no nianiu'r iiiterti'riniiiI)ition i>, a^ in the present ofisr, appliel to a Ioml; line ol' exists an 1 al-.o to interr-", diale islands in reinoti- seas, wiici-e navi','Mtion is beset wilii iimunieraide and nnJspecial niannci', with tlii> itiMicral principle, in repelling' siwii a pretcnsitm as nn eneroacliiiient on (lie 'reedom ol' in\ iiratioi.. anil (lie i!M:iliiMtal)le ri'jrhls ol ;dl nations. I lia\e, indeed, the salisl'aelioii to !iclic\e. Iroin a conlerence which I have liai! with Count Lieveii on this matter, that upon tlicsi; two jMiint- -the attempt to shut up the passai^e altofifcther, and the claim ol' cxulusivo (l()minion to so enormous a distance from the cfiast — the Jlus^ian (iovcrnincnl are ))rcpared enfii'cly to waive; tlicii- prctensiop.s. The only eil'oit that has been made to justily the latter riaim was liy reference to an .Vrticle in tie' 'IVcaty ol Utretdit, which .-issiiriis ;'.(» leairnes iroiu the coast as the distance of ])roliibition. Ibil to this ai'jfument it is suilicienl to answer that the assumption of such a sj)«cc was. in the instance (juotcd, by stipulation in a Treaty, and one to which, therefore, the party to he all'eeted by it had (whether wisely or not) i;iven its deliberate c msmit. No inference could bedrawn iVoin that transactinii in favoiu" of a claim by antliorily ai^ainst rill the world. f have little doiiht, tln'rel'ire, but that the public iiotitieai mn of llie claim ti> consider the portions nf the oi'can iiKdndeil Ix'twwn the adjoiniuL' eonsts of Ann riea nnd the liiissian llmpire as a innr/' rhiiixinii. and to exteiul the ''Xtdusive territorial jiirisdictioii nT Russia to !'••> Italian miles fn>m the coast, « ill bi* |)uhliidy rc«;alied; nnd r have tie' K'ini;'s eomm oels to instruct yonr (iracc I'urthcv to reipiire of the IJussian Minister (on the !;ioiind of the ja'-ts ami leasoninirs inrmsiikiiiii I 'iriisf nl \S'2\ . IN the month of September I'^l.'l II is Imperial .Mnjesiy tin- Ivmpcmr of Itussiii issued an I'kase asscrtiiiu' llie existence in tihc Crown of Itussia .if an cxcbiHive riirlii of soverciijniy in the eounliaes cvtendintr inmi lW»hrim:'s Straits in the Mst dctrree ul north latitude on tiu« west cimsi nl America, .nnd to the loth deai-ce of nurth lulitiiile fin the opposite c(iasl of .\sia ; and. as a cjininjicil exerciw oi that riu'lit ol sovcn'iu'a'y. jirohibii iiit; all I'orei:;!! vessels from appmacliim: within l<'lcMsinns ef llussia in that ipeirier of the yhdie with the just ri>:hts nf J|is .VIiij«««My's Cn)wii mil the interesls of liis subjects. Wo object, llrst, to I he claim of sovcTtnsntiT as set forth in this IJknsc; iiiiil, Bconndly, to the mode in which it in everrisutel. 'I'lie best writers on the laws ol nations mo imi attribute the exe|iisi\e sovereimity, pnrtieularlv of conliiienis, in ihi»e who navi' iirxi oiseowreii them ; and altiioiiu'li ^<'' niif^bt on j.;ood i^roiinds dispute with IttHMtia the priortry n\ di""")vpry of iIicm' continents, we contend that the much more fn««fly proved, more c')nnluHivc, nnd niiu'e certain title of occupation and use ouirlil lo oi-jmiIc the chnm of ^ovcrnurniy. Now, we can prove liuil tlie Mniflish Norrlt-Wesi ('niupiinv and llie iliidsoH'-- Uuy Company iiave lor many y»" dl' iiKidern times. (Si!,Miea) WELiiLNGTUN. \'<'i(Jiiii, nclohrr 17, \^'2'2. To ("ount Ni'sselrode. Inclosnre '> in No. '.\H-2. ('i>\tiit \i's!.i-lrodi- lo Ihr Diikv nf \]'rlliiiiilnii. ( .Mcmoire ( onrideiilicl.) I'i'iitiii. Ir 11 cjrt) SOrniilin-, \>*'2'2. iiM ( aliiiief (le liiissiea pris en mure <-onsidcratioii li; Mi'-moirc C'onrnlentiel (|Ue .\!. le Due de \\'clliiurlscs siir la <'dle lun-d-oucsl de r.\iin''rii|ne, et pour Iiiterdire aiix vaisseiMix T'lraiufcrs I'approidic dc ses poss(>ssions jiisipi'i'i la dislaiu'e d" soiiverainetr' sur line pintii.n (|iielecini|iie dii (onliiiciil La Uiissjeest plus loin encnie d'avoir voiilu niiirejiasser arhilrairemeui les liinit(>s ipie ce litre assi^ne ii -cs ilomaiins sur la ctite iiortl-oiiest lie rAnn''ri(|Uc, on i-ritcer en priiieipc ifcin'-ral dv droit maritinu- les regies (pi'uiic nccessiti- pnri-mcnl lo<-ale I'avait ohliKcc de |io'^er pour la iiaviijation (•lr.'iiiifi'*re lians le \oisiiini;e de la partic de eelfe cole fpii lui appiirticiit. ("('•lait ail coiitraire parce (in'ellc reirardaii ees droits de soiivcrainete coninic letjitimes, ot parce ijiie Ues consjdertitioiis iiiipeneiises lenaiil ii rexisteiiee meiiic dii cominercc iprclle fait dans le> piirau'cs de la cole nord-ouesl de IWim-riiiuc, la foi(;ai<'iil a etahlir iiii sysli">uie de pn'-eautions dcveiiiies iudispcnsahles, (prdle ii fail paraitru rOukiisedu et) HI Meplemhre. jM^l. Li UiiHsie vi'niii tonioni-< prcle fi faire part dcs inotif'> i|ni en iuslilicnt les dispositions ; ma is pour le inoineiit elie sc liornera aiix ohserval ions siiivantes :- ■ .M, le Idle de \\'ellinu:loii .illirnie, dan^ >on .Mi'inoire ('oiitidentiel dii 17 ne|(diic, (|ue di's I'lalilissemeiits .\u:.'lais, apparlenant a deux ('oinpaunics, cidle de la Itaye dc lludsnii cl cclle dii Nord-( )ncst, sc miiiI lorincK dans iiiie coiilri'>e appeh'c l.i Nouvcllc Cali'doiiic, <|ui s'l'tend \<- louir de la cole de rOei'an I'.ieilhiue, depiiis le lit jiisipi'aii (JO dci;r»' dl' latitude septentrionnle. \it\ Itiissie lie parlera point dcs ■'■laldi^M'ineuts ipii iicum-iiI exister eiil ic le 111 et li! ol' iKirallele ; mais i|naut au\ aiiires. elle n'hi'silc pas tic ennvcuir ipi'dle en iiruoi'c juH(|u'ii iintsent rcxistenee, pour tditunt aii moiiiH iiiiilH louclicraicnt I'l )ceiin l'aciru|ue, Ia's t'arlcs Aiiu'laiscs iiicuic lus plus n'oenlcs el les plus di'taillccs n'inditiuont absoliinipnt aiifuno dos stations do (•oiiiiaercw nimitionntM-s dans Ic ^lomoinr du ] 7 Octobrf, siir la cole iiu'-iiii' df i'.\iin''ri(|iii', I'lifrc lo .'»!' ci le <10'" duipv do lalitiulc si'pti'iitviiiiiMlc. D'liilli'iirs, d('|)ui^ Irs (Xiu'dilioiis do liros d'uii sioclc, dos olalili>s('iiii'iits Hiism's imi |ii'is. .i iKirtir du *><•>' dofjic, iino oxt('ii>ii)ii liriiLfi-i ssivc, (|ui do> I'amii'i' IT'.'D li's avail Ian |)arvcMir insiiu'au ..V parallMo, ooniiiic Ir |iiirtc lii iiVfiniori' cliailo do la Coiiipai^iiir llnHso-AitM-rioaiiio. oiiarto <|iii a rooii dans Ic totiips lino |iiil)!ioito i)iru-ioilo, oi (|ui ii'a iiiutivi- iin-iiuo proUistalioii do la paii Av. rAnifietorro. ('otto nioiiio idiario aooordail i\ la i '•»in|m!e«H* IIiisho lo droi' (!(■ portor scs «M;»ldisM'iiionts \ors lo iiiidi an dola dii .")."»' iotrri' do iiimiiiido rioploiilrionalo, poui'Vii (jiif do tols aooroissoinonts do torrituiro no ])n--i'iii dotiMi'r luotil do mdaiuatiini a aiieuiie 1'iiis.sjUK'o < irani;oii'. l/.Vniilotoi TO ii"a pas iion pins piolosii- oiinli-*' frffWo* disposition ; (die n'a jms niomr ri'idanii' omitro ics nouvoanv olahlissoinoni- ijito iu t 'Miainiui;!!!!' I'nsso-Ainorioaino a pii lorniov an -iid dn .'(.V doi;n-. on vortii do r>- pfiviloirL La iiiis'io otait doiio ploinoinont antirtrwt-o a pniiilw d'nii oniiNontoniont ipii, pmir etro lacito. n'on olait pas hmins miIoiiiioI, >■■ i i>oloruiiiit*i- pinir lic)rnos dr sos dnnianirh lo de>_'ro do latilndo jns(|ii a:iipioi la ('(Mri|)ittriiio Ummm' avait ('ti'ndu sos oporutioiis di'puw 17'.M(. • ^'noi(|irii 111 suit, o! i|noli|no Ton-o (|tio i-os oiroiiiwtnmc*'^ proteiil an\ ti'ros di' In ISiiKsii'. Sa AJajostt- Inipi'iialo no dr'\ ioni |ii>int ilanw* frrtio coiijiinoturo dn systonic hahitnol d<' sa ii(iliti(pi(>. Lo proniii-'' do sosmimin m'i-ji toujoiirs (l»- provoiiir t rapports d'ainitio it tie |mrtnito nitollif^enoi- (in'ollo m; t'ldioitr (itMitretonir avoc la (inuido-Kroiimno. En o(ins(''<|Mriioo rKinporoiii a oliarirt' m>\i (alnnot do doidaror a M . lo Dno do A\ olliiitrton isan* <|no cotto doidaralion pnisNO pn'-indk-ior on rion a sos droits, si cllc n'olail point aooopu'o) ipi il i-i pivl a lixor. an inoxon d'nno ni''i;uoialii)n aniioalo, I't Mur la liaso dos oiinvoiiaiU'o> nintnollos. los doijros do l.ititndo et do li)ny;!tudo (pio ics doux I'liihsjnioi's roiTJirdoiitnt ounimo dorniori'^ limili's di- 'oiii-s |H>sNossiaiis ot do Iciirs otalilissoi-.oiits siir la ooto nord-mior.t do TAnioriipio. Sa Majosii' inipt'-rialo sc plait ii oi'oiro ipio ooflo no-.'iMMatiiin ponrra »< ioi'inin;'r sans dillionltt'' .1 la satisraitiuii looipniii jov dciix l-ilatx ; o| jo ('aliinoi do l!ns>.ir pout assuror dos a prosoni .M . lo Ihio do \\'olliii^'2'2. rill'i Caiiinol oi I'nssia liavo lakon into inattiiM- oonsidoration tlio C'ontldoiitial Monioninduni I'oruardoii to tliPiii >iy tlic t>tnko of \Volliin;ton on tlio ITlli Ootolur lanl. rtdati'o in tlio nii asiiros adoptod liy 11"' MajoMty tlio J-Jnporor. iindor dato ol tlio 'Jil'li (Mllli) Sojiioinhor. |s«i;i, tor dolininir tli* x'tont of liio Itussian possossioiis on tin' nortli-wost ooa-t ol Aiiiorioa. and lof loHmtdiinj loroi^n Mtssids to approaoli his |H»Mt«nN wiliiHi a niMiaiioo nl' KM) Italian iiunfM. 't'lio ovorliircs Muuio on this Hiilijoot to tlw (io\oinniont ut His Hritaiinii' Majool\ hy ( oiinr th- Li>-^-oii at tlio nminont witf'n lUut Vniliasstutor was aliont to loavo Ltnidnii niiwi iiln-adv lui'><- pitivod that tlio opiinm. twiMtdi tlio Calnnot ol' SI, .lanios' had loriiiod 01 niu* r ' III i{iiostion was not iutiiMaiiMi on an ontiroly lU'ouralo appn'oialioii ol tiio vii •. Iniporial .Majosly. U.UHsia I- la" from tinlini; lo loooi^inw iliut oiistoin and ooonpation ooiistitiito 'lio inosi Noiid iitl<* iMiMii wiiioli a Slalo oao ■■' ••lU'iils o| >o>oroit(nty ilrarily IransiL^ross tin liiiiil'' wiiiolt tiUul litlo aHsit^ns lo hor doniiiiuiiis on tlio nortli-wost ooiist ol' .\inorir;i, or !■• i'\:\\\ inui .1 ifoiioral priiioiplo 01 niitrniiiii' law llio nilos wliioli a nooossiix "i pill' •'liuratitor Imd oliliiiiMl lior \>< lay down Tor I'oroii/n navigation in iln' iioif;li: ...Mid ul filii; pimtion ol llial oihinI wiIiioIi liolonKs to lior. It. wn:>, till thi' oiititmry, l>«i'anKo >.ln' h-aurdod lliow rixiits ol Hovcrtdirnty as loftttimmit*'. and Iioomumo miporions oniiNiti^rat'ionx imolvinu tlio M>ry oxislonro ol' llic euuMMMM*!- w liiol. slic ciirrios on m llio lai/iiiiiios lishnn>nts which may exist het\\oeri lite lOth and .■||s| |innillil : hut, « ith rcL'ard to t he olliers, she does not hesitate to admit that she is, uj) to the |iresenl, ignorant of liieir existence in so far at least as to their touehiu'^ llie I'acilic Ocean. I'lveii the most reci'iit .'uid most minute Mnt^iisli Afaps ;rive alisoliilely no indiea- linn of tlic tradinir stations, mentioned in the Meniorandum of the ITtii Oetoiier, on the coast of America liotweeii lh<> olst and (iOth di'irree of north latitude. On the othei- hand, since the expeditious of Itehrint; and 'rehirikolT, that is iirarlv .'i centurN airo, J{ussi;in est;it)!is)iments have extcmU^d pninrcssivelv from tlic (iOth iiei,'rec, so that hy the year IT'.'Ulhey had reaidu'd the .")."tth parallel, :is is shown hy die lirst Charter of the Itusso-.Vmerican (.'ompany. a Charter which nci-ived ollicial jiuhlicity at the time, aial drew I'orth no protest on the part of i'lngland. This same Charter i^nanted to the Hussian Company the rii^ht to ('x*end its olahlishments towards the south heyond the r>.'itli dei,'ree of north latitude, provided lliat such incr<'ase of territory could not L;ive rise to tdijecMions on the part of any liirei;rn I'owit. Nor did lluirland protest at,'ainst this provision either, nor did she even ohjoct to llie new estahlishments which the Wusso. \merican Company was al>le to form to the ^uiith of the r)."ith dcifrce in \ir(ue of that privilei.'<'. Ihsssia w;is therefore frdly ent it led to prolit hy .-i eonseul whiidi, for hcin;^ tacit, v\;is noiu> the less s-tienirlheii more .111(1 more the relations of frieniMiip .'ind complete understandinir which he is liapny to iiinintain with (ireat Itrit.'iin. Coiisei|Uently, the llmpiTor h;i>. ehari^ed his C.iliinet to deidar<' to the Duke of U'ellimrlon Isueh declaration not to prejudice his riirhts in .any way if it he not iiceeptedi that he is ready to ti\. In means ol' friendly nei,'oli.af ion and on tlu' hasis (d' inntiial ac<'ommodation, the dei;rees of latitiuh^ ami !oni;itud(! which the two I'owers •hall rei^ard as the utmost limits of their possessions and of their est.ahlishment.s on tlu- iioith-wcst coast of America. His Imperial .Majesty is pleased \> ludieve that this nei;otiation can he eoinpleicil \«ilhout (liiruiilly. lo the mutu.'ii satisfaction of the two States; and the I'ahinot of Hussia can, from this moment, .assure tin- Dtike of Welliiiirton that the mcasiu'cs III precaution and siip<'rinlcndence wliich will then he taken on tin* Itussian part of the coast of .\mcrica will he entirely in conformity with tho riijhts di'ii\ed fiimi siivereii;nty and with the estahlished customs of n.ations, and that there ivill hi.' no |i>issihilily of lei;itimate cause of compluint au'iiinHt them. Inelosure <• in No. 3Hl', Tlh- hiikr lit W'rlliiii/laii III Ml. (I, Ciiinniiij. Sif, t'rrnnii, Surrmlifr 2*^, l''2J, I l.\CI.OSl'! the copy of a Conlldential .Memorandum which I <;avc to Count Nessi'lriMle on the 17lh Melidier. ivy.irdinic the itussuin Ckase, and the copy of his .'iiiswcr. I lia\e had one or Iwo iliseuitHiims with Cmnit l,ie\eii upon this paper, lo which I ieet. as not enahlini; lliv Majesty's (iovermueel In fouid u|iou ii aii\ nei; illation to M'tlle thr' <|UeNtions arising out of th<- ( kase, which have not l;iiI the hrltil-of thes(> ilitlieiillieH; and I inclose yoii the copy of a letter whirh I have written to Count Ueveii, wliicli explains my ohjoct ions to the Ilussian •• .Mcmoire Conlldcntiel." This R26 question, then, stands I'xai-tly wlicn* it did. I have not Ix-on aMc to do anythiiiu' Ujion it. I luivo, &c. (siicnc(i) avi:lli.\(;tox I ii(dosiiri' 7 ill No. .'1^2. 'I'll/- Diikv at WvUiiujlon to Caitnl Linen. AI. Ic Comtr, Veioim, Xoremlirr L'H, 1*^22, llANIXd con^idiTi'd tli(> |)a])i'r wliiidi yoiir lAci'llciR'y f^avc me last niu'iit, on the part ol' liis lOxrcdlciioy (,'omit .Nossclrodo, on tlic suhjoct ol" our ilisciissioiis mi llir llussian Ukase, I must iiil'orm you lliat 1 cannot consent, on tlii' part ol" my (iDVcin- ment, to I'ound on tliat paper llie iieu'oliation I'or tiie settlement of Ilie ipiestion wliici: has arisen lielueen llie two (iovernnieiils on this sulijeet. \\'(! oliject to tlie likase on two u'roniids: (1) tiiat Ifis Tnipoiial ^lajesly nssumos tliorcby an excdusive sovereif^iity '.t, North America, of wliieli Me ari' not prejiared t(i ackno\\led!r(! tlie existencu.' or the extent; upon this point, however, tin; Alciiioir ut Count Is'esselroile does alVord the means of netrotiatioii ; and my ( io\ernment will !«• ready to discuss it. either in London ;)r St. l'etersluu'!j;li, \vlieiii\er the state nf the discussions on llie other (piestion ai'i-iii!,' out of the I'kase will ;iilow of the discussion. 'I'he second i^roiind cm which we (dijeet to the l'k;ise is that J I is fnipcrlMl Alnjesty therehy excludes from a certain eoiisideialile extent of the open sea vi.'sseis of otiier nations. We contend that the assumption ol this power is (rout rary to the law of nations; and we cannot found a iicLroti.ation upon a pajier in which it is a;?:iiri broadly asserted. We contend that no I'nwcr w hale\er can e\''lude another from tlic use (»f the open sea; a I'owei can exclude itself from the naviiratioii o| a certain coii-f, sea, iiv., hy its own act or eno:a;;tMuent, l)Ut it cannot liy riirht he excluded hy aiintlur. This wo consider as the law of nationx; and wc cannot n«'i:otiatc upon a pa|)ci' in Avhich a riiflil is assi'rted inconsistent with this principle. i think, llicrelore. that the lies! mode of proceedinu; would he thai you shoiilii state your readiness lo neijoiiale upmi the whole >ult|ect, without reslaliiii; tliu olijri'- tionui)le principii> of the (. ka.se which wo cannot admit. I have, Sir. (Siiiued) WKI.M.NdTtJ.V. Inciosuro s in No. 3s2. I'lii- Ditlir of H'rlliiKjIOii to Mr. (I. Caiiiiiiiij, Sir, i'fii.iiii, \(iiriiiliri 21), \>J.'2. SINCI", 1 wrote to Mill yesterday I h.ave had another conM'rsatiini with tlir Hussian .Minislrr rcirardimr the I ka--e. It is now settled thai lioth the .\iemoraii(liiiii> Miiicli I inclosed to you sliouhl he con-idered as iii;iii Ainhassador in London is lo address yon n note in answer lo that of the late iionl .Londondcrrv , assurinir yen of the desiro of the ilmpcror to nep)tiale w ith yon iiiion the wiiole (|UestiMU of the lliiiperor's claims in .North America, reservinu; tlicni all if tlio result of the nci^otiatiou should not he satisfactory lo lioih parlies. This note will thin put this unilter in u train of nei;otialion, whiidi is what \\i\> wished. I have, iVc. (Sijfued) Wi;Ll,lN(iTO.\ liiflosnre ',) m No. :ih2. Count Lifvvn to Mr. d dinnitiKj. A l-.A suite dis decla'ilions vcrhnlus ijue le Sonssitfiu', .VmliaHsndeur I'.xlni- ordinaire et I'lenipoieiiliaiie de ,S|i .\l;ijesle ri;m(icicur (le limtcs les Kussie.s, a l;iil<> ttu Minihlere lie !sa .Mnjjcsl,' UritaiiiiUjUe, le '.'ahinii de SI. James a dii .so coinaiiii.'iv quo ai dc8 ol)joc!iout» s'etniont I'devees eontre le llrutleinent piihiit') nu iioni de Sa IS wlial \va> 527 Majcstc rEmpercur dc Toiitcs Ics Russii-s sous la ilnU) dti t (10) Septemhro, 1821, les lucsiircs iiltericurt's adojjti'cs ))ar Sii .Mm jcsto rinjx'riaio ik^ laissoiit aiicun douto sur la j>i!i'rti'' do scs viu's L't sur Ic drsir (|ir('lli' aura tonjoiirs dc fonciiiiT scs droits nt. scs iiili'rrts avi'c los inti'ivts ct Ics droits dcs I'uissaiici's m>ix(H1l'1!('s i'miissL'iil. Ics lions 'I'uiie aniitic vcritiildc r't. d'uiu' liiciiviMllant'c n''<'i|)i'()(|ii('. Avant do quitter Vi'roiic, lo Sowssirjiu; a n'(;ii ronlrc do dnniior au (iouvornomont (in Sa Jlajosti! J{rit;iimi<|iio uuo nouvollo prcuvi- dcs dispositions coniiuosdo 1' hlniporour, f'li ]iroposant u sou i^xccili'uoo >f. CanuiiiLr, I'riiicipal Scovtairo d'l'lfat do Sa .\laiost6 l!ritaiiiiii[UO pour los .AlVniros i'ltrMUijoros, sans (jno cotto proposition puisso jiortor ;ittoiiito aux droits do Sa .Majosli'- Inipi-rialo, si ollc u'ost |)as aocoptt'-o. (pio do part et ir:iulro la (piostion do droit striol soit provisoironionf ('•oMrtoo, ot (|iio tons los dilloronds :iiiX(|iioIs a donuo iiou lo I'oi^lonioiit dont il s'au:il, s'applanissont ])ar un arrau-jjoniont aniiiMl I'ondo sur lo so\il jjrincipo dos oouvonancM-s mutuoiios ot (|ui sorait noi^ocio ii St. I'otorsbouri,'. Ii'L;in])orour so (lallo (|Uo Sir Cliarlos l?aii;ot nt' tardora point a reoovoir U)s pouvoirs ot Ics instructions Mcccssaircs a cot cIVct, ct epic la proposition du Soussii;n6 iii'licvera (1(^ doniontrcr au (ionvorniMncnt dc Sa .Miijosti' Hritannicpto oon;l)ion Sa Xliijosto hn|>L'rialc souiiaito (|u'auciint; divorironco d'opiniou no |)iiiss(! sul)sistcr ontrc la liussio ot la (Jrando-HrctaLfUO, ot (juc Ic pins parlait accord coutiiuio do prosidor fl li'Mvs relations. 1,0 Soussiirnu, &,c. (tiiijnc) LIEVBN. Lnmlreg, Ic V.) ('M) Janrler, 1823. (Tmnslalion.) H\ tliovcrliiil declarations made hv tlie rndorsii;no(l, .A mhassador l-lxtraordiiuu'v i!i(l I'lcnipotetitiary "f His Majesty the Hmporov ot All the llussias, to lloV liiil.ninic .Majesty's (iovornnient, the Caliinot of St. .huuos' nm^t have been convinced 'li:il, thiMiith cxeeplion had liecn taken to tho l>oi;uiation pnhlished on the tth (Kith) Si'|iton>ticr. 1><'Jl. in the n;inie of His Majesty tlie t'lniporor ol All the itnssias, tlio «iilise(|ncnt steps taken liy His Imperial Miiiesty le;ivr no doulil as to the pnritv of his iiifeiitions. and as to the desire wliieh will always animate him t(» reconcile liis own rights and interests with thos,' of the I'owors to which ho is linked hy honds of true liiindship and rociprooal irond-will. Hd'orc loavint: ^^•rona tho rndcrsi;.^iu'tl rccoivod instructions to uivo tho (lovorii- meiil (if Hi'r Hiilaiinic Majesty a new proof of tho known I'eclinifs of the llmporor, hy |iiMposinLr to his I'lvoellcncx Mr. Cannini,', Her Mritannie Majesty's I'rineipul SiTretarv "!' State for l'orcit,'n .MVairs, whilst reser\iM'j: the rit;hts of His Imperial Majesty -lidiihl the proposal not ho accepteil, that the (piestion of strict riu'ht should he |)rovi. ■i >nally sot aside hy lioth parties, and that all thi' dilVcrences created hy the {{o^'ula- tinn in i|iioNtion should ho smoothed over hy n friendly arrani;i>inont hasi'd soloU on till' principle i>f miituid aeoomnindation to he neiroliatcd at St. I'clorshnrLfh. I ho limperor flatters liimsch' that Sir Charles ilauoi will very shortly recei\e tho iicccssjiry po\\ers and instructions in the ahove sense, anil that the proposiil of tin' I iiilcrsii;iiod « ill completely con\incc the (iox'ornment of llor Ih'itaniiio M.ajost v of tlie carnosl m i>.li of His Impernil .Majesty that no ditleronoo of opinion should exist li'iwecn I'lissia and (ireat Mrilaiii. and l!:at the most jiorfoot au:reemoiit should I'liitiniio to Lrnidc their relation-- The I ii(|crsii,Nicd, ito, (Sii^ncd) MlvNK.N. London, Jtiitmnj 1!) (IH ), A^'IW, Inclosiiro l, lfi2!l. MTIH rospcti to mj ilcspatoh of the ,'Hst Hecenihcr last, tiaiismittliii; to jour Kxcollenoy tho copy of an iimlniotiou iiddicssnl to the Duke of \\ cllin^lon, a.s well :is II dospnteh from hi:* (iiaeo dated \ fiona, the L'Uth Novcmlior last, holh upon the Mdijrct of llio Hiissian I kase of Scptcmlu r I'*-!, I hn\c now to inclose to uair lixcolleiicj till' cojiy of a iioli which has hoon aildicssod to mo hy t'oiml l.icvcn, I'XprosHiiig His Impeiiiil Aliijc^iv's wish to cntci- into yoiiic aiiiioahle antiiigeiiinil for 628 bringing this subject to a sjitisfnctory terminntion, and requesting tlmt your Exeolloney may be furnished with the necessary powers i,'otiati>/ii for that [lurposu witli Uis Imperial Majesty's Ministers at St. Petersbiu'gb. I avail niyseH'of the opjiortunity of a I'ussian courier (oi" whose departure {'(niut Lieven has only just apprised nu') to send this note to your KxeeMeiu-y, and to dcsiiv that your Exce!l.'ii(;y will ])roceed to o]»cn tlse discussion witli tlie I'ussiiin Miuistoi- upon the basis of tlie instruction to liic Duke of \Vciliri;,'t()ii. I will not fail to tiansniit to your iixccllency full powers for tiie cunclusion of mm agreement upon this sul)jcct, by !i messenger whom I will dispatch to you .'c^ soon as I shall have eoileeted any further inforinalioii which it may be expedient to furnish td your J''xcidleney, or to found any fui-tbcr instruction upon tliat may be necessMry for yoiir guidance mi this important '.cgotialion. I am, \c. (Signed) (JliO. CANMNti. Inclosurc 11 in No. .'582. Mr. Li/dll In Mr. W. Cnnniny, Sir, Shiii-ownfrs' i^orirt;/, AV//- lirond Street, Xovemher 10, ls2.'}. IN tin' month of .Fune last you were pleased to honour nu with an iuler\ iew on the subject of tin; Hjissi.an Tkasc proliibiting foreii;n vess(ds froi>> toiu-hiiiv ;il or approachin:; the Itussian e>.t;ililishments alony; the north-west co."sl of Anwriea therein mentioned, witen you iiad the u'oodness to inform me that .a represenlali>in iiad I n made to that (iovernuuuil, and that you had reason to believe tli.'l the l.'kase wonlil not l)e acted \ipon ; and very shortly after this comnuinieation I v.jis informcil, on what 1 considered undoubted authorilN , llial the liussian ( lovernmcnt iiad co'iscnli'd to witiidraw tiiat unfounded pretension. 'I"he Committee of this Society beiiu,' about to make their unnu.'il itcpurt to the ship-owiu'rs at large, it would i)e satisfactory to them to b(« aide to stale tiie.ein tmil ollieial advices have been received from St. l'clerNburu:Ii llial the Ika^e iiad Ix-fii annulled; .'ind sbouhl that be the case, I have to express the hope df the tJoinniitli'<' to be favoureil with a eommnnicafion from you to that elVcct. I have, iVc. (Siirned) (iKOIUlE LVALL, I'hnirmiin of Sliiji.oinn'rs' ('ominillfe. Sir, Inclosurc 12 ii\ No. '.\'^'2. Lord F, CotujiKjIiniii to Mr. Lynll. Fnreiijn Ofh'rr, S'nreniher 2li. l"^!.'.!. 1 .\^f directed by Mr. Secretary fVtiuiiiH; to acknowledijc the reeeipl of your letter of the liH!< instant, expressing a hope lli.at the Ikase (,f Soptcmbcr l^'Ji iinl been nnmdicd. Mr. Cannintr cannot autbori/.e me to slate lo you in distinct terms that I'lc I k,iM' has been annulled, because the iicguliation to which it gave rise is still peudmix. eipibraciitif as it does many |)oints of i;reat intricacy as well as importance. Ibit I am directed by Mr. CanniuLr lo aeipiaint yon that orders hiive liecii ^cnl out by llie Court of .St. I'dcrsburirli Id their Naval Comm.anders caleulatcd In preveiil any collision between llussiau shipsand those of other n.ations; and in elVect su>.pen liiiu' tlu' I'l'ase of September )S21. I am, &e. (Siirned) I'. CONVNfllfAM. Ineiosin-c 1» in Nu. MH2. .V;'. (1. ('iniiiltKj If) Sir ('. Ildtjot. h'tirriijii ()ffin\ (Ivxtniet.) h'lirriijn Offin; .hiiiiiiirii 20, 1^21 A I.ONG period li;is el.apscd sim-e I i;ave your I'lxeclleiicy n nson lo I'xpeit lulditional instructions for vour eondnci in tlie uci;otiation respecting the Itiissi.in Ukase of 1S21. 529 That oxpcctntioii was liold cmt in tlu- bclicl" that I shoiihl have to iiiKtnicl you to comhiiic your procccdiiif^s witli tliosc of the Aiut>ric:ui Minister, anil the framing sufih instructions was, of necessity, (h^hiycd until AFr. Hush shouUl he in possession ol" the intentions of his Government upon the sul)ject. • ••••• It remains, therefore, only for mo to direct your Ex«'cIIeney to resume your uctjotiation willi tlie Court of St. I.'etersl)ur^h at the point at wiiieli it was suspendi'd in eonse(|uence of tiie expeeteil aeeession of tlie United States, and to eiulcavour to l)riiit; it as speedily as possilih' to an ami<'al)ie and iionouralde eonelusion. TIk; (pK'stioiis at issue h(>t\veen (ireat liritain and Russia are sliorl and siin]de. The Itussian ri\ase contains two ol)jecfionahh' pretensi(ms : first, an evtravaij;ant assumption of maritime supremai-y ; secoiully, an unwarmnted claim of territorial dominion. As to .he lirsl, tho disavoAval of llussia is, in substance, all that wo could desire. Nothing; remains lor ncirotiatiou on that head hut to clothe that disavowal in precise and satisfactory terms. We would much rather that those terms should be suggested by iUissia herself than have the air of jtretendinif to dictate them. You will, there- fore, request Count Nesselrode to furnish you with his notion of such a dcclanition on this point as may be; .satisfactory to your Uovcrnraeut. Tliat declaration may be made the preamble of the Convention of Limits. Inclostirc 14 in No 382. Mr. U. Canning to Sir C, liatjot. (Kxtniet.) Foreii/n OJ/in; Jiilif it, 182k TilK " I'rojet " of a Convention, wliicli is ijudosed in my ^d. 2(i. havini^ been communicated by me to (.'ount Meven. with ji request that his li.Kcelleney would note liny jioints in it upon uliicb hi- conceived any dillicidly likely (o arise, or any explanation to be necessary, I baM- iircived from his Exeellency the Alemoninduiu a copy of which is hevcwith inclnscd. Your Jlxecllcncy will observe that there are but two points which h.-ivt; struck Count liicven as suscej)lible of any (|Ui>stion ; the lirsl, the assumption oi" the base of the mountains, insteatl of tlu- summit, as the line of boundary; the second, the e.vtension of the rii?ht of jiavigalion of the I'acilic to the stsa beyond Hehrinu's Silraits. ^ • • • • ' • ' • As to tho second ])oint, it i.s, perhaps, as Count liicven remarks, new. Hut it is to be remarked, in return, that the circiunslanccs under which this additional security is i('(piired will hi' new also. Uy the territorial dcniaroation a^jroed to in this " I'rojet," Uussla will become possessed, in acknowlcdi;ed so\ereii;nty, of both sides of Hrhriui^s St mils. 'I'he I'ower which could think of makitii; the |':iciiic a iiuii'' vliiusnw mav not (uinalurally be supposed ca|iable of a disposition to apply the same character to a strait comprehended lietueen two shores of which it becomes the uudis|)iited owner. Mut ihc shuttinn" np of llchrinf^'s Straits, or tin; power to shut them up IwreaJter, woidd be .'I lliini; not to be tolcratc'ca in whicli the skill and seieiu-e of our s(>amen has been and is still cuiplnu'd in enterprises intere.stiu!;, not to this country alone, but the whole civilixed world. The protection ^ivcii !ty the Convention to the .Vmcric'in coasts of e,icli I'owei may (if it is tho\ii;ht m'cessary) be extended in terms to the eoitst.s of the Itussian Asiatic territory; but in some wa.\ or other, if not !i\ the form wow presented, the freo navigation of iichring's Straits, and of the seas beyond them, must be secured to us. Inclosure !.'» in No. 382. Mr. G. Cannintj to Mr. is. Canniny. (Kxtnuit.) Fnrriijn Ojfiir, Ihrrrnhfr S, \b'2i. Ills Al.ajesty havini; been !»mciously |>lensed to najiie you his I'lenipotentiary for concluflini,' anian Cjovernmcnt a ConvcntiiMi, for terminating till iliscussionN which have arisen out of the pnnnulgation of the lUissian Ukasu [12H) 3 Y 530 of lf^21, nnd I'or Rottling the respectiv(^ territorial claims of Great Britain and Russia on the north-wi'st coast of America, I have received llis Majesty's commands to direct you to repair to St. retcrshur^h for that purpose, and to furnish you with the necessary instructions for terminating th(! long-protracted negotiation. 'I'lu; corit^Hpondencc whidi lias already passed upon, this subject has been sub* n)itt(>rus»l. And I inclose you a copy — J. Of the " Trojet" wh'\d\ Sir Charles 13agot was authorized to conclude and sign some moiitlis ago, and which we had every reason to ex[)ect would have been entirely safisfactory lo the lliissiaii (Jovemnient. 2. Of a " Coiitre-l'roji^t " dniwn up by the Russian Plenipotentiaries, and presented to Sir Cluirles Uagot at tueir last meeting before Sir Charles Bagot s departure fi-om St. Petershurirh. 3. Of a despatch from Count Nesselrodc, accompanying tlie transmission of the " Conlre-lVojct " lo Count Lit-vcn. In liiaf despatch, and in ceitiin marginal annotations upon the copy of the " Projct," arc assigned the reasons of the alterations proposed l)y the Uussian I'lenipotentiaries. In considering tlie exp<'dienev of ailniitting or rejecting the proposed alterations, it will l)e convenient to fcdlow liie Articles of ihc Treaty in the order in which they stand in the KiiL'lish " I'mjet." Vou will observe in the first place that it is proposed by t!ie Russian Pleni« iMttcntiaries cnliri'ly to change that order, and to transfer to tin* latter part of the instrument I'le Article whieli )i;is hitherto stocwl first in the " Projet." To that transposition we cannot agree, for the very ri'ason which Coun* Nesselrodo alleges in favour of it, viz., that the '• I'leononiie," or arrangement of the Treaty, ought to liave reference to the history of tlie negotiation. The whole negotiation throws out of the I'ka.se of 1S21. So entirely and absolutely true is this proposition, that the s«!ftlement of the limits of the respective possessions of (ireat Britain and Russia on the north-west co'jsl of America was pro|)osed liy us only as a mode of faeilitatintj the aljustment of the diiVerenee arising from the Ukase, by enalding the Court of Hussia, undercover of the more eoinprehensive arrani;ement, to withdmw, Mitii less appearance of con- cession, the ollciisive pretensions of that I'ldiet. It is comparatively indilVi-rent to us whether we hasten or post|)one all questions respectini,' the limits of territorial |M)>isession on the (Continent of Anu'riea ; hut the pretensions of the llussian I'ka^e ot 1S2] to exclusive dominion over the Pacific could not eontinni' lonirer unicpealed without compelling us to take some uu'asurc of public nnd elTeetnal remonstrance against it. You will tlierel'ore (jike care, in the (ii-st inslaiu'c, to repn^ss any attempt to give this ehiin'.;e to the eliaraeter of tlie i\t>g possible) of the elTeet of the I'kase of JS21. That this I'kase is n.it aeti'd upon, and that instri:etions have liei-n long ago sent by the Itnss an e iiave seen in tin nrse of this ne<^otialion that the linssian claim to the jitissession of Hie coast of .\nieriea down to latitn.le .")'.t rests, in fact, on no other !;round than the presumed aeipiievceiuM' of tlie nations of Uiiropi^ in the provisions of an Ukase pnhlished hy the Ijiiperor I'aiil in the year I'^OO, against whieh it is allirmed that no piililie remonsirani'e was niaih', it beeomes iis to he exceedingly careful that we do iHil. liy a similar ne'^Hrei on the |ireseiit occasion, allow a similar presumption to be raised as lo an ;ie(|nieseeni'e in tin- Ukase of ISJI. 'I he riifht of the snli'ufs of llis .Majesty to navigate freely in the I'acllic cannot be held as matter of indnlu'enie from any I'ower. Having onc it, as a plain and siilistanlive slipnlalion, and not lie hron/lit in us ,'in incidental coiisc |nence of other miangcmcuts to which we attach compar.itively little inipoit'iiiee. Thi.s siipulatiini stand.s in the front of ihu Convention concluded betMCuu llusiiia m and the United States of America ; and wc sec no reason why, upon similar claims* wc slioiild not obtain exactly the like sa'Asfoction. For reasons of the same nature wc cannot consent that the liberty of navigation through JJchring s Straits should Im? stated in the Treaty as a boon from liussia. The tendency of sii3h a statement would be to give countenance to those claims of exclusive jurisdiction against which we, on our own behalf, and on that of the whole civilized world, prot ojK'n to us for ten years, pi-ovided only that if any other nation obtains a more extended term, the like term shall be extended to us also. Wo arc content also to assign th(! period of fen years for the reciprocal lil)ortv of iicccss find eoninicrce with eaeli other's territories, which stipulation may be best stale I precisely in tin' terms of Article IV of tlie Aini'riean Convention. Tiiese, 1 tiiink, are tiie only points in which alterations are reijuired by Russia, and we have no otiiiT to propose. A " Projel,"' such as it will stand according to the observations of this despatch, is inclosed, wiiieU you will understand as furnished to you as a guide for tin; dr.iwing up of the Convention; but not as preserihiiig the precise form of words, nor fettering your
      • eretion as to any alterations, not varying Irom the substance of these lastructiojis. It will, of course, strike the Russian Plenipotentiaries that by the adoption of the Anieriean Article re -peeting navii;ation, itc, the provision for an ("xclusive lisliery of tiio leagui's from IIk; coasts of our n'S[iectiye possessions falls to the jji-onnd. Hut theomis>ion is, in Iriitli, immaterial. Tlu! law of nations assi;;ns the exclusive sdvcn'ii^nty of oiir lea!:ne to eai-li Power olT its ovyn coasts, witiioiit any s|)eci(lc stipulation, and tiiouijii Mr Cii.iiies Hagot was authorized to sii^n the Convention with tlie sjiecilie -lipiilation of two leagues, in JLMiorance of what liad been decided in the Anierii-an ConM'nlion at the lime, vet, alter that Convention has been some months licfoi-e the world, anil after the oppoitiniily of reconsideration has been forced upon us by the act of l!'.l^sia herself, we cannot now con-.rMit, in negotialiiii; dr noro, to u stipulation whicli, wliile it is absolutely unimportant to any practical u;ooiiti;il part — tliat wJiicli relates to navigation nlone, addini; an Article stipujatiiii; to ueu'dliale ahoiit territr that essential !)art of it, slie must not tak<^ it amiss that we resort to some moile of recording, in the iace of the worhl, our protest against the pretensions of th" l'kas<' of 1821, and of effectually securing our own interests. igainsl the possibility of i'.s future operations. Inelosure 10 in J^o. .'JH2. .A/r. N. Cnnniiuj to Mr, G, Canninij. Sir, St. Prtemburijh, Frhruani 17 (.\ftircfi I), 182.'. MY the messenger liat<'hfor(l 1 have the honour to semi you the accomjjanyiiig Convention between Jlis .Majesty and the Emperor of Russia resp»;eting the Pacific Ocean and north-west coast of America, which, acconling to your instructions, I coiududed and signed last night with the Ru.ssian Plenipotentiaries. 'Ihc alterations which, at tiieir instance, I have admitted into the '■ IVojet," such as I presented it to them at lirat, will he found, I conceive, to be in strict conforniity with the .s|)irit and substance of His Majesty's commands. Tin- order of the two iimiii sid)jects of our negotiation, as stated in the preambio ui the Convention, is ])rc.served in tlie Articles of that instrument. The line of dcmarcati(m along the strip of land on the northwest coast of America, a^-iigncd to Russia, is laid down in the (.'onvi-ntion attreeahly to your directions, notwithstanding some diflicultics raised on this jioint, as u(>ll as nn that «hicli regards the order of the Articles, by the Uussian IMenipo- tenti:ii-ies. The in>tance in .vhieh you will perceive that I have most availed ni\ self of the latitude adnrdcd by your iustnictions to bring the negotiatiju to a satisfactory and pronijit conciusidu is tin- division of the lllnl .\rticle of the nt^w "I'rtijet,'" ;is it -tocHl when I u'avc it in. into the llird, l\ tli, and Vth Articles of the Convention signed hy the l'!i-nipntentiaries. This ilmnu'e w:is suggested hy the Russian Plenipotentiaries, :ind at first it was Migucsted in a siiape wliieh api»erircd to me objectionable; but the .Vrticles, ;is they are now drawn up, I humbly conceive to be such as will not meet with your div;i|'pvoiiation. The secojid ))aragraph of the l\'th Article had ;ilread\ appean'd ])arcnlhelic;dly in the Illrd Articli- of the " Projet," and the whole of the IVth .\rtiele is limiteil in its sigiiitieation and connected with the Article immediately preceding it by till' first paragraph. With respect to Uebring's Stniits, I am hapjjv to have it in my power to as.un^ yoU. on the joint authority of the Russi;,n Plenipotentiaries, that the i;m])eri)r of Uussiii has no intention whatever of maintaining any exclusive (daini to the iiavii^atiKii of those >irails, or of llie seas to the north of tliem. It <'annot be ni'cessjirv, under these circumstances, to trouble vou with a more i)arlieular account of the s(>vend conferences wiueh I have held with the Itnssuiu 'lenipotentiaries, and it is but justice to state that 1 have found them disposcil. thniuithniil this latter stage of the ne^'otiation, to treat the mattci's under discussion with fairni ns ;ind lilierality. ,\s two oriLjin.ils of ti:e ('onvention prepared for His Majesty's (lovernment arc wigncd by the Plenipotenti:iri('s, I projjost' to leave one of them with Mr. Ward for the archives of the I in!)assy. I have, &c. (Signed) STR.\TFORD CANNDfO. [(■niaiid uf u over ail laniirr, in iiniliaiiim «•(• imi>st d sign till' u'ivii,'!ifi(iii rt.T. ntial part i essential ig, in till' II, and of rations. I, 182.'). Til)anyinf,' lu; I'acifie lotions, 1 jet," sufli jnrorniity two iiiniii ])rc.s('rvcd f land on mvi-nlion lis point, J'lcnipo- t'lr of till- otory and S it >^to(Hl siiyncd liy iNt it was s, as tlicj . itli your appi'ari'd ii .\itiflc •(.■inlini^ it to as^ui'n iipci'oi' of a\ illation li a more > Itiissiun (lis|ios('il. lisciissioit lUiont arc AVard for NLNQ.
  • li<,;ed lo aliai'don The liarliours disinnaled in Capliiin ilesl hv the naiiii"* of Tuckessan iiml iifil laid down nil any .Map lo which I have relerieil, and tlni l»epiirtmeiit has no kniiwlei|;,'e of any liiHsiaii eslaldishmeiils having liecn formed on the iiorth-wesi coasi or adjari'iil islands in or ahoiit tin' latitude uiven for lliese places. It will, llcrid'oie he pniper In ascertain whether there are, in fart, Itiirtsian .Seilleuieiiis al the pninls desii^nated, and, if so, you are aiithori/ied lo make a lepresi'iitaliou cf tl le wlmle sii lijecl lo His Imperial .Maie-^ly's • Jovernniciil, coiiipliiini|i'_' of Ihi' i'eillli;;S III relatlnli In the " l,.iiiipt." which are supposed to hive heeii uiiaulhorizeilly iiisiiLialed hy the liiissj.in .Amerieau V\ Ciunpany, and slating' that tlii! i'resideiil cannot hut re'.'iird lliis le ' us oiii' of a must iinlijei illmilteler, as the I'liiled St.iti'S liavi nllii'ial lU- other nolici- fif the exisleuce of such estalilisli- iiii'iilN, anil have not, allliniiuli an iipplieati.ui h is loiiu since heen nmile for lliein, evi;r heeii fiiriiislii'il hy the IJiissian (ioveinnieiil with the IJcjiilalioiis, consei|ueul on the expiralion of ihe IVlh .Vrliilc "f Ihe ( 'oinelilioli, plopused In he applied to.Vmelicali Vessels lesiirllllii lo J;lls^iall .SetlleUienls oil lil.ll On tl !hel hand, should tl;re | irove lo he lUssian es lahli-1 iMi'iils at the mentioned, this oiitni^'c on the " l.ori. t " assumes n slill <.;raver iispeel. !( is a violation of the ri<.^lit nl iti/.eiis of llie i''Mted Slates, iminemnii dJv e 'd and secured lo tlielu us wi hv Ihe I; IW "I Millions a< hy Ihe slipulalious of ihe Ut .\rlii|eof the Coiivenlioii of Isjt, |o llsh in those seas, iinil In resort to the const for the proseiMilinn of ilcn lawful cuiiiiiicrce iipnii ponii^ not ulieidy mi iipii'd. .\^ Mlleli, il is Ihe I'leiidelit s wish thit yoil shoiiM iviiiuuslrate, in an eniiesl hut lespiclful lone, a'.;aili-l this <,'i oil 111 Hess assiimptiuii of the I'lissiaii I'lir Coinp.iny, and claim from Ills Impeiial .M.ijisiy', ( iovirnmeiil lor llie hvMicIS of the jpri'.j " l.oiiol," for their losses and for llie ilaiiae^es llie\ li:Hr sustained, such III lelnnili''alioii us may, on an liivestiiialioii of the etutu, he found to he .jUHlly dili: lu ihuni. (SiKiie I mil. fif ditJIV I'Ol.-SYI'll. .l/r. /■;.>: Ill I, ^l Mr l>,ill,:s iK.Xlnul.) /hinniiiiiiil i.J iShil, , \\'ifilnif;h.,i, Xmnii'ii- il, |S:I7. ,. WITH releleilie lo your lelliiirks leoardiliy the pliiner conslrili lion of Ihe Convention of ,\|inl IH24 lulucen llii' riiili'd Slates and liii- 'la, the jst .\ilii le of that iiisi:iiiiienl iv only declariiliHy nf i ri}{lll which the parlies lo il posscHSeil. niiiler the law of liiliioiiH, willioill Colivenliolial slipulatinll.s, t" wit, to na\i;^al>> and llsli in llie ocean upon an unoccupied eoiisl, and lo resorl to such eo.iHt ler lln^ purpose 111' trading with the iiiili\es. No. 18(1. Mr, Kihi'urrirs la Ihe Mnniiiin i>t' Snlislturii. — {linrirnl Annl {).) My r.nivl. Wiishimilw, Miiirli T.\, 1SM». Willi irli'iTi Id ids dcspaUd^ hI' IIic |s||| iiis|:iii(. to niy lidooiMiii of tin' L'Mrd iiislMiit. lo ymir Loi'iUliijiV ((di"jrriini nt liic 'Jllnl iiivlniil. nnd ♦o my U'lr- irr.'iin ol llir siiiic (Inv, I li;i\c llu' liniiiiiir to n-'iun linil tlio l'ruid:iiiif|fioii issued on ;iii' arirnioiin nj' ilio '.'L'tni instiiiii l! airs for tin' 34» puiposo of killiiii; fiir-l)(?arinpr animals, or of violatini;; RcfjuliUions to Im^ nindf with rciIMi'il to till! salmon fislicrios ol' Alaska, shall lie arrcstrd and llii'if v<'sh(-U, iVc, seized, |i!i' iiccii i^siic.l on till' jiowcr i^ivi-n to liini iiy llie "Act to |)ro\ idc I'or tlw |Moti'('tioii (pl'tlii' saiiiioii lislieries in Alaska."' Cojiy oi' tliis Aft was iiiclosnl in my ili's|iat('li of tlio l^lli iiiNlanl. ;iiiii m;is one of tlir l/ist i\('ts wliicli Mas passed in tlie closini.' lioiirs of ('(nitries-i. Till' Dill oriuinated in the Senate wlirre it was |>nsseil, alter liaviii'.' Iieen reduced tdseetions 1 ami 2 of tlie present Ael. and in t liat condition sent lo llie Hoon-. At lliat tinu' tliere ^^a< lielnre t lie House aiiot her JJill of similar liiijii rl, w hieli had lici'ii referred li:iek from the Committee ol Mii'chaiil Marine juid I'lsherieH, and waj* vail ill!; to he reached. When the Senate Hii! .aim ii)i liefore ilie House section '.i was added lo it as ;in iiiiieiiimient, wliicdi amendine,;t 'h' i'oir^e inieiided to take liie place of llieir Mill, the [lii^sini; of which was c. ideiitly impossihle on aecoiint ')f want id time, 'lie Senate refused to aeeept the 1 1 oil; e Miiieiidment. and the Hiil was jiecordpii'.'l.v lelerieil ton ('iiiiferi'iiee, the ivsnl' <•!' \\ hose act ion was ii> aeceptance al ihe la-l hour hy h.tli !!'iie.es, I am told thai the President's ajiproval and siL'naliirc Here really only ii!it;,iiied on Sunday, the .'iid instant, hiil as that day is not a \v>j,i\\ day, the a|)|irova) in ibli'd the '2iu\ iiislant. Ijike many olher .\<'ls, it «as hurried Ihn null the I/Cjisjalure in it'« last lioiii'M williciiil any hut i's immediate in>iliLritois haxinir ariy know led :fc of i|v kcope or e\en of iise|feet,and there can henodonl,! hut that the House iim ndnicni to ihc Sen.ite Itill, tiiiil is to say, section H, has heeii the wiu'k of those interested in the Ai;i', 1HM». \\ ITII reference to my despiitch of the l*^lli inslanl, incjiisinn a lopy di" (he Act to pro\ide lor the protecliou i.f Ihe silmoii lisheries of Alasl,a. I hvve imw till' hiiliour to repoi'l il! det.ail Ihe course nf this .\ct liiroULrh ihe \\\i, i|oU>ei ill (.'11111,'ress. Oil llie ll'dh r'eliruary, .Mr. Slock liriilt;e. Senator lor .Miehitjin, imrodncid a Mill, i'i>|i.\ inelnsed, to iiinend seeliou Itllt't of the lte>ised Statutes, and to piotide for t ho Iji'IIit proleclion of the fur seals ;uid sdmoii lisheries of .\liski, mid I'or other |iiiipiises, which wa'« read l\>ice and referred to the Comniitlce on I'lshci jen. The Itill w, IS re purl I'd hack hy M r. Slockhi iil'.;e a few d lys later, i-opy of Iteport in herewith iiKdosel.lhe ('"lumiliee htivin^' reeoiumended an aiiiemluicni 111 the imiui'k nf a suhslitilte, 'Ihe whole Jlill im amended then coiiNiHted Milely iii' HeeliouN I and 2 iif the .\et as ultimately pas.sed. and in that slite it was passed In the Senali', almoMt \(ithout ilisei ssidu. The Hill wa> then hroiii^hl up lufore the House, and an amemliiieiit uiih oirenul Mr. Dunn, w hicli added a seetioii !) 'i'lie uiiu'iulnunt nui iih IuIIuwh ;— LI:'HJ 'J I -2 244 -' Section 3. Tliat section 1U5() of the Tlcvised Statutes of tlie Unit/fid StalU^ wstit intended to iiifdude and apply, .-ind is lici-cl)y di.'clart'd to include and a])ply, t/y ajl tfa^ n^nt-ftitc: lit ItikliiMiKv'i; SkiiM 111 A l'ik:L'n iilll lilMI/Xiri \l'ltlllll iliii It/ill ri/l*j< j< ^.^.J lumiuicii i>j uii-iiidc ami ;i|>pi> , .uiii is ihtimiv ui:i;i(irfii lu iiii-nmi- iiiiii a])|)i_v, ut 7UI Iqf wat(ns in IJi'lirinaj's Sea in Alaska embraced within the boundary lines inititi//(i»l and desci-ihed in tbe Treaty -with Russia, dated ;50th .March, v.n. 1^07, by »!*id* i^ T(!rritory ol" Alaskii was ceded to the I'nited Stales; and it sliall be the duty fy* tji^ PresideT\t ;»t a timely season in each year to issue bis Pro(damalion, and canMMlt^-^niijji; to he publisiied for one month in at least one newspaper published ;i1 ea.<.lj iMtMi Cin4....> 4 ..!• ,...4.... ii... i)....:e. • ...,.....:.... ..II .....:...< ,. ' ■:< ill be the duty oi t|U piihlislied lor one month ui at li'ast one newspaper pulilislied ;i1 ea.<.lj iMtMi Slntes' i)f)rt ol' entry on the I'acilic; coast, warnini; all persons ai^aiiist tuiU^riiii^ *md territory and waters J'or the purpose of violalin;,' Ibe iirovisions of said seclio/j; aM hr shall also ijaiisr- one or more vessels of the l,nited Stat(>s to dili;::ently eru(»' t(ii4 waters, and arrest all ])ersiins and seize all vessels found to lie. ijr to liavnr Wn, eui^'au'ed in any violation of tin- Laws of the I'nili'ii States tiierein :" and, ;iifl)' mi»{» from extermination, was ]i:issed. Wiien the Hill (;ame back to the Seiiat<\ tli*- Hf/mn anieiidmi'nt above cited was dis;i^reeil to ; the objection beini; made that th<' awz-wl' nient toiiebed ujion tl'.<^ question of the rights of tlie Ciovernment of the ['niUtl J^i-jiid^ These, it was mniutained by Senator Miiri;;ni, had not been considered, tiv iit^'tuMtn lie consi(i(>reiI, in the orininti! Senate Kill, and there was now no lime lit cx>ji»i(W ,■» <|ue 'ion of such impoiianee. A Conference ol' llie Iw.i Houses was r>/nni'nmmij called, which au'reed to reconunend the adoinion of the Uill, with an •dmctuiitwui Tun as follows: — '•That .^ei'tion lOoli of the Revised Statules of the IJnitcNi States i* itffn-itf declareil to include and ajiply load tluMlominion of the United Stalx' in \Im' V),Vtr* of Ueln'inu''s Sea; and it slinli bi" Ihe duly ol" the I'residenl, at a liiicly watv* in each year, to is:>ue his Proclamation, .ind cause the same to .:.. |,;!lilishi'd fijr ,t eac^li IJnil4*d Hi iitt' f,-iit. of en fry fin the I'acillc oast, warning all jiersons ai:ainst (Miterini< said nat^'f* f** f-iW- pm-pose of violatiu'j; the provisions of said section ; and be shall alscj eauw imc m more \(,.ssels of the I'liiled Slates to dilii^ently cruize saiil waters, and !nr»'*n M „ 1 .:.. . _n ..I r i , . i i..'... . i i : • i .- * il in any \i*>hi1iif/;t f4 IIMMI tl..'^:^!).'^ WI till lillilil l^ltlll-, |ir 1|lll^l|lll> 11111/41 ritttil lltl persons and seize all vessels found to be, or to have been, ciiLratijed ihe Laws of the T nitei Stales tlu'rein." In this sliMpe till' hill was ultimately accepted by both Houses, the (.'o«/'-tiri^ii»» from the Houses reeo«« ^nri passiiLje of another Rill of similar import introduced into the House by %tr. IttmA, 'I'll'' approval and siuniitiin', by the I'resideut ^cre obtained on the last liay 'nf sfce Session. I'lirl her copies of the Act are iiere\\itli inclosed, together w it h the fuj] rt^piftl «A the proeeeiliiurs taken from the t'(m!;rcs.sioiial Record (,Sii;ned) I have, Ac 11. G. \AAS\\iMjt. Inclosuro 1 in Is'o. Ih7. oOtu ('ontiUKss, 2nu Skction. — S. ',\\YX\. fs' TMi; Si,K,\Ti'; (IK TiiK rMTiii St\ti:s. iM'bnmry 25, isSi). Mr. Stockbridge introduced the followim,' Rill; uhieb was read twice aijifm fif till' Fur Srah oiitl Siihnoii l-'isherlrs uf .Vtmlcn, and for nllier Purpoiwn, Ri'l it nniictod, liy the .Senate and House of ReprcHcnl^itivcK nl" the {ItiiifA Jtl'ilr*' of .\merica in Conufress assembled: liiat section I'.iCi!! of the Revised H{>ituU»tA ifcr llniicd Stall's In- amciiileil so as to I'cail iis follows; — " Seclioii llMi.'!. Within one y(Nii |n-ior to Ihe lime \>hen tiii- lea'-e \\i'U'{t>Utr>' nuiAf by till' Secrct.iry of Ihe Treasury to the Alaska Commercial (.'imip'iny, of Ww rii(li« «'' enL(Mu:e in takimr fursriils on the islands of HI. I'aul and St. (ieori;''. [mnnuuti l'^ tbe .\ct of the Jst .Inly, Isyo, cap. IMI, or when any ful lire similar Icaw i'%Mrf*,'i » lurrcndeieil, forfeited, or terminated, I ho Hecrctary of the Treasury bluill li»i<^ »« 2i5 nropcr and responsible parties, for the best tuUmHniff tif th« United Statfs, having duo rcL'nid to the interests of the (lovernnie/jt, «b<' itaiivf. inhribitants, their comfort, inaiiitennnec, and education, as well as U) llw UiUff^ft of the parties heretofore (>n;.'iiir<'(l in tlie trade and tlie pi'ot<'f.'tion of the iUUtm'f*, Ih^r rii(ht of taxing fur seals nil till' islands herein named, and of sending a vi'*^'! i/r vcswi't to the islands for the >kins of such seals, for the term of twenty yeari*, «i hu fiui}tm\ rental cf not less than oO.(,i)(» dollars, to he reserved in sneh lease and H't':im'ti by », deposit of United States' licmls to that amount ; and the additional suih of UfA J*rs«i than ',\ dol. 50 e. i'ov each t'lir ^eal-'ikin taken and shipped from the islandi* seeujc J b*' <''»>« f(,rf, (naiiitenaiu-e, educatiini, Mini iJioteetion of tiie natives of thosr- islands, !in<| ;«(»/» \i, cnxry into full ell'eet all the fwovi'.ioiis of this eha|>ter, exeept as r)tlier«iv pH»*/yj|^,^(, ,\„/l iie shall give at least sixty days' notice of the h-tting of said lease, by \)n\tyuti\'um in at least one daily paper piilili-lied in the cities of JJoston, New York, i'Si\\wM\iW\n , Mnltimore, Washington, Ciiicau'o, New Orleans, St. l/niis, and San Vrmi-Ui'n, (M^'itiDg bids for the same." Sif. 2. Tiiat section 1".>.")C. of the J{eviN-d H',tUt\i'^ of the Cniteil Slates Mas iiilcmli'il to in(diidi' ami apply, and is luTcby ([i-chrM Ut in/dude and apply, to all the ffafet's dl' Hehring's Sea in Alaska embraced wnUtit fb." boundary lines mentioiu'd and ,lcs,Til)(il in till" Treaty with Uu>sia. daKMl '.',tnU Mxr.-b, \.i,. 1H(17, by •which the Trnilory of Alaska was ceded to tlie I'nited htj^b't.; (tui\ i» shall he the' duty of the t'resiileiit. at a timely sivisou in each year, io i»»iii' bi« I'rfKdanintion and cause the •iaiiic to be ]niblislieil for one month in at U'n^'. utif nicuMjKipci- published at each I iiili'il States' jKirt of entry on the raeitii- c.)a!»l, v,iiruiu'i( fril yiersoris against entering slid liTi'ltory and wati-rs for tli(> |MU-pose ol' viol^lj^/ fUf provisions of said section; niKi lie shall also caus(M)ne or more vesscds of Uu' I »iit*'(l ?st all persons, and sei/i' ul| vow'U foMn or n'Mtk of ((rrvcofing or impeding the ascent 111' sahno'i or olh(>r anadromous species to ibeir uit-li snidi I'egulations and surveillance as umy it" ceeenMry to insure that tins ppiliibilion is strictly en forced ; and every ij^twx) »)(o «ball be found guilty of a vinlation of the provisiims of this .section shall in' ))rM'<( not. lesx than J.")'* didlars for •wli d.av of the cnntinuanei* of such obstruclion. Sec, .'). That the Commissioner of I'JkIi and t^UUcrU-^ (^ hereby empowered atid ilirerted lo institute an invesligation int<) ibe htn'/il*, fl(/(ifidance, ,and distribution of till' sidmon of Alaska, as w(dl as the present foitiUi'tHuo tttx] methods of the tisiierics. with a view of reconimcnding lo Congiess kij4'b tii-Mitiofial Ic/islation as may be niTcssary to jirevcnt tin? im|iairment or ^•\\t■.lHk^'ulH nf Ilie«e valuable llsheries, and placing them under regular ami permanent «'oii(|il !//«»'■. of prod net ion. Tiudimure 2 in .\<», |H7, oOru CoNoniis.", 2Nn NiissioN.- lu.rortf ,N'o, 2(587. In the Skx,\tk ok tiik Vxtfrit Htatm. Fehrimry 27, 1HS1>. — <>rd<'M'4 tu iic (rrinfed. Mr. S|o(di, wliich uiuli-r jiulicious rciiidatioii and restraint are a source of con'.i'uiini; wealth and prodnctioii tothe inliabitant>or tlio territory. I'p to the present time one river cnly, the Korluk, on the Island of Kodiak, lias be(Mi seriously ohstrneted by the use of dams or barrii;ades to arrest the asreiit of salmon. This stream, hardly 20 miles lonLf, yielded (iurini,' the s( asen of IbSS salmon to the value of 1 .•jOli.OOll dollais. This extraordinary production iias beca at th*' cost of permanence, and slioidsl\a tlu; present seastiu. Their objective ])oints are llie small streams, which can be readily obstnu'ted In dams or oilier barriers, and it iscertaiii that, in tin; absenceof restraiiiiiiij le»islation, tills means of enhaneinu; proliis will be resorted to without scruple, and without regard to tlu' fact that such nietlmds i;enerally pursued will residt in the destruction of the salmun lisliei'iis of tin- tirritorv. hiclosure :i in No. 1*^7. An Art to inuviilc for Ihr I'rnlcfllnii of I lie Salmon /'7,«ApriV.« of Alaska. I See hudosiu'c in .No. IHIJ, | Inelosure t in No. |H7. S ilmon I'^inhrricn of Ahmlai. iVr. Ktocliliridije. — I am diiei ted by the Committee on I'isberies, to whom was rel'(MTed the Mill (S. ;;i»l):{j to ainend section l',)(;:{ of the lievised Statutes, and to provide for the better ]irolectioii of the fur seals and silnioii lisheries of Alaska, and for other purposes, to report it with an amcMdmei,!, in the nature of a substitute. It is a short ibll.and a very important (tie to I he lisheries (d' Alaska. It is very str.)n!;ly urged by tht; ImsIi ('luumissiuMei. I ask Inrllie present consideration of thi' Ihll. The I'lisiilciil, pro lrniiiorr.--'\'\\r Senatnr from M ieliigan asks unanimons cuiiM'iit that the J?iil reported by him may be now considered. It v.ill be read at length for information. The Kill was read. The ameiulment reported b\ the Connnillei- on I'islieries was (o strike out all after the enacting clause, and insert : - " That the erection uf dams, barricades, or other obstructions in any of the river'* of Alaska, uitli the purpose or result of piexeiitiiu; or impeilinii' the ascent id' salimm or other anadroiiKuis creatures to tlieir spawning grounds, is hendiy dcidarcd to li>' unlawful; and the Secretary (d' the Treasiu'y is hei'eby imthori/ed and direeti'd I" eslaldisli su(di l!egul;itiiiiis ai.d siuM'illiinee as may be ueeesMiry to insure' that tlii'i l)rohiliitiini i'- "-trictly eiiloreed, and tiinthcrwi-ie protect the salmon lisheries of Ahi^ka; and every peisiii who sh;i|| be fcnm I 'jiiilly of a \iolaliiiii uT (he provision' ol llii< section shall be lined not h'ss than l-'oO didlns for each ilay of the continuan >!' '•neli obstruct ion. Sei'. U. That the CommissjdiM'r (d" j-'ish and l-'isbcries is liere!)y empowered and (lireclcd to institute an invest iL>,'it ion into the habits, abundance, and distrihnlieii ol the salmon dl Alask.'i, 'is ^vell as the pre-ent c(nidil inns iinil inelhods of the lidn'iii'S with a \ iew of reeomniendiiiir lo ("oiig.'css such additinii.'il le^i-.iati"n as may In' necessary to pre\enl the impairment or exhaustion of these valuahli- lisheries, and placing them under regular and permaiient comlitions of |n'oduetion." " "' My unanim>/US cohsciit, the Senate, us in Commiltei! of the whole, procecdotUn consider the Hill.. 247 7V(P President, pro temiwre. — The (lucstion is on agreeing? to the amendment reported bv tin" Coinmittoo on Fisheries. 'I'liL' iuiicndnieiit was uL'recMl to. I'lie I5ill was repoittd to tlic Senate as amended, and the amendment was conciiiTcd in. 'I'lii- Jtill was onlered to be en<^rossed lor a third readinLf, read the tiiird time, and ])il!>SI'll. .\//-. Diiiii-x. — Tlic lith' should l)e anieinU'd. I eall (lie attention of the Senator iVoin .Miciii^viii tci tiie fact tiiiii tin- IJiii doe-i not relate to the i'lir seals as amended. Mr. Slovkliilihje. — Sn, Sir; it relates to the salmon lishcries ol" Ahiska. Tiie title siiould he amended. Tlie title was amended so as to read : " A Hill to provide for the Ppote(;tion of the SaliHoii {''isheiics of Alaska." Mr. /'/«//.- Does the section ol' the Uevised Statutes whieh is referred to relate to siiliiiiin llsiieries r .)//. ■■'inrhln iil(ji'.~-- Yes, Sir. Mr. Sinnirt. — 1 should like to have the Hill lie over, so that I may look at it. I (jo lint know that I shall want to olijeet to it art<'r I evamine it. I'll" I'n-siilriil, jirn temiKiri. — The Senator I'roui .Nevada moves to reeoiisidor the voti" hy whieh llw Senate passed the Hill. Mr. Dnirrs. — ] wish to say to the Sciialur from Nev.ida tiiat iiidess tin; Hill ^nes to the other hianeh immediately it will he entirely UNeles>. It is the n'snlt oi' an illv^^li^■.•ltil)n ot a Committee in tlieotli'M" hrani-h with i-cleri'iiee tn the salmon lisherios only. 1 1 has nothing' to do with tin- fur-seal fisheries. Mr. Slniiiri. — 1 will enter a molion to reeonsifh-r .ind look at it. Till I'rf.ildrnl, jini Irinii'tri'. — The Senator from .N'ev.idi enters a motion to reconsider llic vote hy which the I'lill was passed. .Mr. S nnirt snl)se(|ucntly said : 1 slionld lik(! to withdraw my motion to rcconsidt-r tlie Itill ill I'enard to the salmon fisheries of .Vlaska, Tlir I'lr^ideiil. jini leiiiiinrr. Is there olijeetion'r The ("hair hears none, ami the iiiDtion to reconsider is withdrawn. The Mill stands jiasM'd. Sidni'iii I'i.sliirics of AUisIm, Tlir Upenker also laid liefore the House the Itill (S. ;ji)93) to provide for tho pmteetion of the salmon lisheries of Aliskii. Mr. 1)111111.— Mr. Speakei', the provisions of that Itill are contained in a Hill ri'iKiiteil mianimously fi'om the (.'ommittee on .Mendiant .Maiineand l'"isheries. It is nil eiiicru'eney Hill, ni'cessiiry for the ])reservalion of the s:dmon lisheries of Alaska, anil I ,'isk unanimous consent that it he now considered. It contains nothini; eUe hut till' necessary measures for the pi'ii|e<'lion of these importiuit lislieiies. Thf Similffr. — 'I'lie itill which the '^eutieman from .\rkansas says has been ri'iiiiiti'il from (he (Nimmittee on .Meichant Murine and fisheries has been read already ill the House, ami imlcss there he u demand for tliu reading of the Senate Itill, tho rcailin,' will be dispensed with. Thei'e w.is no objiM'tion. Mr. Andi'iann, of Kans.as. — Is (iiis the Itill that makes the lease to tlw l^isberies Ciiinpany ? .Mr. /)(oui. — No; this is a diU'criMit Hill. I shall report (hnt from the I'onmiittee, ami Ljive the Mouse ample opport unity to consider it hereafter. 'I'his is a Senate Itill, «liieli rehites simply to th(' sidmon lisheries. It is identical with sections |. and 3 of till' House itill, prohibit iu'j; the erection of dams or other obstructions in the rivers of •Vlaska which prexent the salmon from aseendiiii; to their spawniiii; uroimds. Thr Siiiidii'r. — !s there objection to the present consideratitm of the Jtill ? There was no objection. .Mr. Dunn. — I olfcr an nmeiulineni whieh relates also to tin; preservation of the liifil of si'ils, and I ask the prcvicnis ipiestion npou the Itill and amendnwitt. Mr. Itiijiis. I rcscrxc the rii^hl to objeel. Tliv Siiriilicr. — 'I he amendment will lie read. The Clerk read as follows; — "Section ;t. Thill sivtion li)'i I cd' th<> Iteviscd Statutes of the riiilcd Stiles was iiili'iided to ineliid(> and apply, and is hereby diudared to include and apply, to all tho Hiilers of llclirinir's Sc;i in AhisK'i embraced \xiil'in ihi- boiiiidarv lines i:u niioiieii ,ind 248 (Icscrilicd in tlio Treaty with llussia, d.iii'd ilie JJOth ^lavdi, A.«. ISO", 1)y whii-U the Torritory oF Alaska Avas ceded to the United States ; and it shall l)e the duty of the President, at a timely season in each yeai", to issue Iiis Proclamation, and caiis(! the same to l)o ])uhlished for one month in at least one newspaper puhlished at oaeli United States' port of entry on the Paeilic coast, warning all persons against entering said territory and waters lor the purpose of violating the provisions of said section; and ho sl.all also clause one or more vessels of the United States to diligently cruize said waters, and arrest all persons and seize all vessels foimd to he, or to have hoon, engaged in any violation of the Laws of the United States therein." Mr. Taulliee. — I would like to ask the gentlonan, in the light of his explanatiim, the necessity for this ilcsolution at this time. Mr. Dunn. — The necessity is that the general IMll, reported hy th(^ Committee to the House, has heeu recommitted for the purpose of considering certain amendments relating to the reletting of the lease and the length of its term in future, and in the present coiulition of the House, it is not at all prohahle that it will receive final con- sideration in time to ])ass the Senate. This amendment simply provides for the protection to the herd of seals and the salmon until there can he further legislation of a permanent character. Mr. Tintlbee. — Does it have the efTeet of sending up the vesBcls named in this amendment as patrols to protect the Company which already has the control of that husiness ? Mr. Dunn. — >«ot at all. It is to protect the herd of seals and enforce the Laws of tlie United States which were enacted in 1S70. Mr. Taulliee. — AVhy can not the President do that hy existing law ? Mr. Dunn. — There has heen a relaxation of the enforcement of the Law hcrctolore, so that miauthorized persons have eonehuled that the Government does not intend to enforce the Law, and not less that 1 50 vessels arc to-day fitting out to go to ]?ehrin^'V Sea. They will literally cover that sea with iinlawful seal-hunters armed with guns, and the destruction of sc-al-life that will take [)laee, and tlie fusiladc of fire-arn,s that will occur in that sea during four months of next summer will drive every seal from it tliat is not killed in the general and iiuliseriminate sla\ighter. It does not chauifc the I aw. hut commaiuls the President of the United States to enforce it. Mr. liurlianan. — And is not this method of netting seals — hv shoot inii; them in the open sen -till' nu)sl, wasteful method that could he devised, only ahout one in five hi ing recovered ? Mr. 7)ioi;(.— Ahout one out of s(!ven is recovered. The time has cimie when the Government nuist enforce tin; Laws for the preservation of our herd of seals with iirniiiess aiid decision, or snller an ahsoluti; destruction of the herd. The danger is imniinent. and 1 iiope no u'entlenian will ohjeet to it. It does not involve a dollar ol expenditure. It is useless (i> protect the seals on the rookerioii — the islands of .St. I'aul and >St, (ieory-e -;uul i(\'ive tlieni t> their fate in the waters of Peliring's Sea. If they are loll wiilnMit protection in the sea, there will soon he 7U)ne h'ft to goto the rookeries, (dries of •• Vote! "'• Vole!") Tlie Minendnient was agreed to. 'I'lie Hill as amoided was ordered to a tliird reading; and it, was aeeoi'diiigly read the tiiird time, and jjassed. Mr. /.»«« nuived to reconsider the vote hy which the Mill was ])assed ; and :ds(i moved that the niotiini to reconsider he laid on the Tahle. The latter motion was agreed to. Salmon Fisherica of Alaska. Till' Pn.sldriil, j.ro frmporc. — Heports of Committcics are now in older. Mr. slirniKin. — I am instriu'ti'd hy tin; Conimittei! on h'oreign Uelatioiis to iriiort hrn-k the Hill (S :;!t!i;i) to amend 'section ISXi.S of tli(> ISevised Statutes, ami U> ]trovide till' the better protection of the fur seals and salmon ilsheries of Alaska, iiiid for other iiurposes, with the Jlouso amendment, with a recommendation that the llousi" ainendnient he disagreed to. 1 asK for its present consideration. Till- IhrsiiiiiKj Ojliicr (.Mr. Cliace in the chair). — Is there ohieetioii to the present consideration of the House amendment to this Hill ? The Chair hears none. The title of the Kill wms read. 7Vir Dreskltnij Officer, — Does the Senator wish a Conference f* 249 the Laws of Mr. Sherman. — I ask that tlic amendment or" the House he disagreed to, and tlien I shall ask for a Committee of Conference. The Presiding Ojitcer. — It is moved by the Senator from Ohio that the Sciuitc (lis:i','i'('c to the amendment of the House of Representatives. Mr. }for(jan. — lias tliis IJill passed the Senate? Mr. tnnnent of the United States were not eonsidei'ed, ;iiul not iiitciiilcd to hn considered. We only arrive at the conclusion that the question pn-iciited in the amendment of the House is ol" suuh a serious and ini|i()rtaiit a clmiK-ter that the Committee* on foreign llelati.nis wouhl not uiulertake at this time t;i piMiiDunci! that kind of judijuient upon it which is due to tlio muLjnitudo of such a i|Ur>lii)n. I desire that the Bill as it passed the Senate originally should pass, hccause it |iii)ttH'ts the salmon and other lislicries in Alaska, ahout which there is no dispute; Ijiit this p.'u'ticular (luestion is one cjf very great gra\ity and seriousness, and tiie Coiiunittei! cu Foreign ilelations, or at least a majority . Mr. Shfriiinn. — 1 iuleiuliHl, wiien the amendment was properly hefon; iw, to say ;.i llie Senate tiiat tli(! Committee' on {''orcign Relations were of the opinion tiiat wliih' tlu'ie was no ol)J(\;ti()u at all to the Senate l{ill as it passed, it being lor a clear and plain ))urpo.--e, tiie ([uestion proposed by the House in the form of an aniendnient was ,1 grave one, and had no relation to the suhjeet-nuitter of the Bill, and ougiit not to he roiuieeted with it, had no connection really with it, and involved si'rious mattiTs of iulri'iiat'onal law, ))erhaps, and of public policy, and thert.'fore' it ought to be eonsiilered ly itself. 1 was dir(>cted by the Committee to state that the subject-matter, the merits of llie |ii!i|iosition proposenl by the Hinise, wi?re not before iis, and not eonsiiI(>red by us, :md wo are not at all committed Tor or again.it the ])roposition made by the House. We make this Keport simply because it lias no connection witii the hill itsrll', and it luiulil t(t be disagreed to .aiul abiuuloned, and considered more carefully lierral'trr. 1 therel'nre ask for a Conunitt(>e of Conference on the disagreeing voles of tlie two llnuscs. The Prexiding Officer. — The (luestion is on agreeing to the amendmml of the House of Re|)resentatives. The amendnu.'ut was m)t concurred in. TIte Presiding O/A'ct.- -The Senator from Ohio now moves that the Senate ask I'or n Cnii|'cv(>ne(! with the llouHC of Uepresentatives o?i the disagreeing A'otes. The motion was agreed to. irdinslv road Alaska Salmon Fisheries, Ml. Jiiinn. — 1 submit the ffdlowingConfcronco Repoi't. ■ ' • The Clerk read as follows:- - "The Coimnittee of Conference on th(! disagreeing votes of the two Houses on tlie aincnilnients of the Senate to the Hill to ))rovid(! for the protection of the salmoi\ llslu'iies of Alaska having met, after full and free eonfereuce h;ive .agreed to recom- mriiil lo their respective Houses, ami do reeonunend : '•That the Senate! recede from its disagreement to the anuMulmcnt of the Mouse, and MLrree to tiio saim-, with an amendment to read as follows : - • " ' Section !!. That section IDoti of the IJevised Statutes of the Cnited Stall's is here- liv (jri'lared lo include and a|)ply to all tlw dominions of the United Stales in thi' aalcr-' of {{chrinu's Sea. and it shall be Ihe duty of the I'resident at a timely seaMci in I'aeli vear to issue his I'roelamation, and cause liicsame in be publisheil'lbr mic month at li'iist in one newspaper (if any siudi there be) published at eaidi I'niled States' port iil'eiitiy on the l'aeiti(r coast, warning .all persons against entering such waters I'or the jiin'pnsi? (d' violaliii'^ the provisions of sjiid seel ion, and hi' shall also cause one <>]• moi'c ""^'>i'K of the I'niled Mates to diligenllv cruize said waters, and arrest all pi'i'-^ons nml [li38j * li K 250 seize all vessels found to be, or to have been, engaged in any violation of the Laws of the United States therein.' " And tlie House agree to the same." (Signed) POINDEXTEll DUNN, BENTON McMILLIN. CHARLES N. FELTON, Managprs on the part of the flouse. (Signed) JOHN SIIELIMAN, J. T. MOlKiAN, GEOllGE r. EDMUNDS, Managers on the part of the Senatr. 'Hie following is the Statement accompanying the Report under the Rule :— Stntewent. " The effect of the amendment is to liave out of the House amendment the words that are descriptive of the boundaries of the waters of Alaska." (Signed) I'OINDEXTKII DUNN, RENTON McMILLIN, C. N. EELTON. Managers on the part of the House. The Conference Report was adopted. Mr. Dunn moved to reconsider the vote by whieh tiie Ccmferencc I'cDort was adopted; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be laid on the Table. The latter motion was agreed to. Salmon Fisheries of Alaska. Mr. Sherman. — I ask that the action of the House of Representatives on Senate Bill 3".tl);{ be laid before the Senate. The Res(dution of the Ht)use of Representatives was read as follows : — "In thr House of Ucprrsentalices, March 2, 188!). " /{e«o/(T(/, that the House concur in the Report of the Committee ol' Cont'ereiicc on the disagreeing votes of tli, with an amendment to read as follows :- - "'Section ;J. That secticm IDofi of the Itevised Statutes of the United States is _^iereby declared to iiuiiude and a|)ply to all the dominion of the United States in the waters of Kt^hring's Sen, and it shall be the 's Sea appears to raise nn important (lueslion as to the meaning wliieh is attached liy the Tnited States' (Joveniineiit to the words "all the dmniiiion of the L'liili'il States in the water of ]k'lirin;;'s Sea," wliich is the term used in the Act upon which tiio I'roclauuition is founded. lUariii^Mu mind tlie interpretation which tiie United States' (Jovernnicnt has hitherto placed upon tlu- dnuiinion of tlie I'nileil States in 15eiirinjj;'s Sea, itseeins to iiis Lordship nortiiy of consideration whetlicr some intinuition, such as that suj;;i-e.-tcd in tlie letter from this Department of tiie L'Oth Marcii, should not he conveyed to the United States. I am, (fcc. (Si-,'ned) KOHKRT ti. AV. ilKltmiRT. No. isii. Colonial Office to Furrigii ()//icr. — {licceiinl April 11.) Sir, Doiiniuij Street, April 10. iSSiJ, I A.M directed by Lord Knutsford to aeliuowledf^e the receipt of your letter of llie Ith iuhtiiiit, transndttin;;'. for his l.orilslii])'s in'ormatioii, a co|)y of a despatch from Her Majesty's ( harjic d'Atlaires at Wasliiiiston, on the ipuv-tiim of tlie sale of llirec liiitish vessels seizeil hy the I'uited States' authorities in l-'Sj, when eiiua^ed in seal iishinn' in the lk>hrin;;'s Sea. ■J. In re[ily, his Lordship desires nu,' to state, for the information of the Secretary of Slate for Foreiu;u .Ml'airs, that he has no observations to oiler on the despatch referred to. ;i. Lord Knutsford would he <;lad to learn what is the present position of the appeal in the case of the steam-ship " W. 1*. Sayward." r am, Ac. (Signed) .l(-)HN lUt.VAISTON. No. 190. Foreign Office to Colonial Office, Sir, hhreiijn Office, April 1 1, ISS!). I 'f ll.VNSMi'r herewith copies of despatches I'roin Her .Majesty's Charye il'.VIVaircs at W'ashini^ton, as marki'd in the maruin.t relati\c to tin- Act of tin; United Stales' Congress of the 2ml .March, l.^M), pnividing for the protection of the salmon lislieries of .\laska, and tin; I'roelamalioii which has been issued by tlu^ I'n sident of dip I'nited Stales in pursuance of its provisiims. 'I'he Act declares that section lU.'.O of the IN'vised Slaluti's of the l.'nid'd States "includes and ajiplies to jiU the dominion of the United Stales in ihe waters of licliring's Sea," and direels tlu> I'residenl, " at a tinudy season in each year to issue bis I'roelamatiou, warning all persons against, entering Ihe .s;iid waters for the purpose |>[ \i(ilatiiig Ihe in-ovisions of Ihe said section," &('. 'I'hal section (IDolJ) enacts that " no [)erson shall kill any otter, minlv, marten, sahlc, or fur seal, or other rur-heai'ini,'' animal within the limits ol Alaska lerrilory, or • Nn«. 1-9 and 1S3. t >"^- ''1'. "-li. ""'1 187- il2K| J) K 2 in the nuters thereof ;" ami the Pn-sidonf, iil'tor rocltius? the soclion in question uml tht: section of the Sahiion Act in wliich it is n'ferred to, in-occoils Ity his rroclainatinn to " wain all jicrsons against enlcriiiic tiic uaters of Uehrini^'s Sea witliin tin- (ly ^larc|iiis of Salishury to reiinest that, in iayinu; tlu; inclosed ))a])ei's hiifore Lord Knut>roril, you will j)oint out to his ]-nrdsiii|) tliat tlie Act and I'roclaniation, taken strictly, do no more than assert tlu? ritjlits of tlie I'nited Slates in their territorial waters. In fact, tlic discussions in the Senate and the House of Uepresentatives, reeonh'd in Inclnsure !■ toM'- Ivlwardes" des|>atcli of the :2."(tli ultimo, show that tlie majority in tiie Senate desired to avoid eomniittini;' thenischfs l)y .•iii\ words in the Act to an interpretation of the Treaty rii;lits of tlie L'nited States in Ik'hrimj's Sea, and that the lIous(! of Itepresi-ntatives acijuicseed in that intention. I am, iSlC. (Sit,'ncd) r. CUHIllK. No. ]J)1. ■'■• ' • The Marquis of Salisbury to i persons or Coinpaiii the riirhts of takiui; fur-hearinu' animals in tl iriU's lor lose ]iarts, .S;( .Mr. Dunn opened the discussion on the 15ill liy revii t.ie rii.dits of the I'liiti'il States in the waters of Alaska, which were itctpiired hy the Treaty with kii-sia in !>*''"■ v inimunitv which, he said, Russia had had in tin' I- verv ntr ht. [•very pnvile^re, ever tcrritorv of Alaska, the I'liited Stales now have. Chief aiiioii'' the interests aeiiuiml l.y the United States hy their purchase from {{iissia was the seal roidvcry of the I'liloM ilf Islands He then went on to <.nvc an account of the lease held hv the Alaska Comineicinl •J5a ('iiiii|iiiii)' ol' (li(.> iiiiiouiit (iC seals tillowcil to l)(> killci) uiiiliT its |>i'«ivisii>iis, iudI of (liu iiiiiiiiiii I of lovi'iiui's (ililsiiiH'tl l)v till- riiili'il Sliiti's tVoiii iliis Itrritoi Ml-||IINI(IOll, It was most iiiiportuiit. )it> sniil. tiiiit the seas slmiiUI lie patrolltil liv Initial StaU' iiikI tlial iiriiuwt'iil liiiiilc-rs slioiiM know tliiil if t'oiitiil ilicv »ill lie nni'slcil ami ilicir M'ssci vcnil M'ssi'is liail tliiis bei'ii sci/cd la-t soascin, ilic lri;aiil v ol' llic sciziiic I n'lnu: I'liii Icsii'il oil tlii' j;roiiii" ( JoMTniiu'iil liati no iinisilictinii over iliiit x'a. Tlic Coiiils liad siistaincil the rifjlil of jiirisdii'tion of tin- (■ovcnniiciit ovi-r llif MM, and tlu>ir riiflit to protect the tisiicrics. If tln'ic had Im'.mi nnv IcniiMicy in i.'li'.i'iiii; liic sci/cd voxels on tlic jiart of tin- JCxcciilivr, it «!is iiiiidinj; sninc nr'^^otia- iimi- alMiiil the I'iasti'rn iMslu'iii's (nu'slii.n. lliiHc'Vcr, in no case liavc liie rij;lits of tlic l.'nitcd Slal>-> lii'cn waixcd. Tin' Stale it'|Kiitineiil iia-. taken no decision concediii;r lliat tiie Heiiriiii;'s Sea is an o|ien si'a. Tlic I'oinniiltei' liavc i)cen satisfied tiiat tlie |iidicin;j of tlie sea inn^t lie more rinid, and iliai II" iiuiiilueiiee must lie shown to violators of the law. Tiie exislenc- of llie :iih;iliitaiil^ of file Aleutian UJaiids and of oilier ]iarls in tlie rnited Stales' iinssissions 111 tli'i^e latitudes (le|ieii(ls on the continuation of the ley:itiiniite kiliini; of seals. They lict III! llieir nicaiis of i'\isteiice from ilioiie a I 'rod amalioii vearl\', HiirniiiK 111! ju'i'sons from enteriiiij Hehrin^s Sea with the intention of vioiatiny; the i'\isliiiy; laws : and, nni.^'o\or, he should he called iijion to see to the closer patrollin-j id' 'liiit sea. evil'", will he (i|ien to everv one, and the herds ot' ioveinmeiit would wi>li I'or lhi< re--nlt. On the II Miis lie not done the seal rook( till not la>l llirei' veal No ( ■ oiitrary, it is undcrblood that otlier Coveniments are tnore than willini:' 'hat the seals -lioiilil he iirolecled. The United States' (ioveniment have hut to he lirm. iiosilive, niid 11 iiiii>lakaiile in tlieir poliey. Mr. IMiijilev also siioke slidiiuly in favour of llie I'ill. the most iiotewortliv )ioitioii iit'lii-- -iieecli heiiii;- I hat in which he refers to the claim of l!ii>si;i, IieCove the ce^^ion hv luTiif A.' ..-"Ua to the I'liiled Stales, to escliisive jurisdiction in llu I'lelii iii;;'> Si'a, to the niiitroveisy that took place hutvveeii liussia and the I'nited Stales when tin- fonm-r iillcinpted to extend thai jurisdiction, and to the Treaties helween Uiissia and the I'liilril Stales anil helween Iviissia and (ireat Ikilain. wherehy the rii^hts of K'lissia were ii.c(i;;iiiy.ed to eoiilrol thi' liehriiiji's Sea north of ."i.'p . Se\eial anieiidmeiil> wi're olfered to the Hill, which was ultiinatidv recomniitii d, llir l.i^l hlai;e il leached h( Cmi-r ■is expired As I had the honour to report to your lii>rdship, in my despatidi of the :'"'ril iillinio. the Mouse sueini;- thai .Mr. niinn's Mill couiil not p( ssildy pa>.s hel'ore the il">iiii;' of Congress, d an aniendmeiil to the Senate Hill (which was iillimatidv lied, and llie Mill «aspassedi in the sha]ie of an addition of a seclimi.'* of the in Mr. i)min's Mill, and it has heen in respon->e lo thi -:i:ii<' iiiipoit a> section iii.i iiiliiieiit of the |loMs(> tliat tin .'.'ml .March. il ha s i>-.iieil III'' I'roelamatioii of tin 1 ililVO, iScc. (Si^'iied) II. K. KDWAIJDKS. No. I'.t: I'nrriyii ()J/irr to Colon id I O^irr, (^)inincioiiil :. lorrli/ii O/h'rr, April IS, ISS'.t. I IIAN'M laid lii'fore the Maiipiis of Salishiiiy \ our letter of the loih in^laiil, in lii'li you call attention to the I'roclamation issued hy I'reMident jjarrixm on tlie III ultimo for the |i,-olectioii of the fur seals in Meliriiiir's Sea, and to the Act reciiilly |i^^('ll hy tin- liniled Slates' Conijress on which that IVoclamalion is hascd. II view of the previous action of lh(< I'nil il ed Malev aiilhoril les on the sjiot, am 1 of n' Mieaiiin;,;' which i!ia\ he altaelieil hy the (Jinerniiienl of llie I'lilU'd Siales In the "I'll-' "all the dominion «d' the I'niled Siales in the waters of lleliriii:;'s Sra," eniploved "i!^i'ilion ■'< ol the .\cl. Lord Kmitsli -.ii;i!;'i sis tiial an iiiliinalion )Uhl h de II ilml •iovernnieiil, thai Her .Majesty's (Jovernmenl caiinol rei|uiie the mnsteiH of Mrilisli U'SM'ls, when lisiiiiii;' in Mehrin^'s Sea heMiiid the y.inile liiiiil, lo reco;;-ii/e the l,i» of '111' I'liiled Sillies. Ill rei am to reipiest lliat you will slate lo his i,ord.'4hi|i that Sir J. I'aiiiK eloti 23t who Ims been appointed to succeed Lord Sackvillc as ITer Majesty's Reprosentiitivu at AVasliiiij^ton, left London for his post on tlic l;Uh instant. It would, in Lord Siilisliury's o|(inion, be advisable to wait until ho luis had time to examine into the question on the spot, and to report upon the situation, before niaiiing any eonununicatiou to lliu Ignited Slates' (lovcrunient on the sulijeet, 1 am, &c. (Signed) T. II. SANJ)E1{S()N. No. 194. I'hrciijii OJfic to Colonial Office. CKxIraet. IT WM seen, tin reference to llie correspondence respect Furrhjn Offivr. April 18, ISM), tl le sei/urc (if Ciinadiaii sclmoncrs by I'niled Stales' l{even>ie cutters in IJelniuit's Sea, that Mr. Hayanl, in a letter addressed to Her .Majesty's .Minister at Wasiiinjilon on the iL'th Ajir;!. 1H87,« a copy killing; of I'lir seals lia\e bee II ill force for niiivari Is of seventeen ve:irs, am ir to the seizure of last summer, but a siiinJe infraelioii is Known to have oceurred, and thai was |ir<)aiptly puin^ On the other liand, Lord Lansdowne, in his despatch of the L'Ttli November, ISH(;,t of which a copy was forwarded in your letter of the M\\ .lanuary. ISs7. states: "'I Ins IS. as I'ar as I have biien able lo ascertain, the lirst occa siiiH upon w Inch elan ns of tlie kind now advaiiceil have lu.i ii ciifoieed. Sealinu-vessels iVmn r.ritish Columbia have for m years past IVcciueiiteil the vvaters of l)ehrin;;'s Sea without moli'^tation." Lord Suiisburv observes, liowever, that, in the Minnie by the Department, of Mai inc and Fisheries, inclosed in L(Uil Slaiiley's despatch of the .">rd .\u,i;usi, ISS^ (of which a cojiy was forwarded in your Idler of the 18th of that month), it, is stated that, by tin liroposed arra.ineineiit for a close lime, '•('aiiaibi wuubl lo-e the etiioymeiit ef ii lucrative ri;^ht Ion;; posse,--e(i, iiiid this loss would be fatal lo the ))i'osecution ol' the s'.iil industry." Ill LiikI Salisbury's epiniou it would be iiitcrestinu'. with a view to jiossilde fiirliior neirolialioii-^, to know fur how loiij;', and lo what extent, Canadian vessels havi' been in tin habit the .\cl of the llniUd States' Coiiiinss of the -nd March, Is^lj providin;^ for the protection of the salmon li-berii's of Alaska, and the i'roclainatinn which has been issiU'd by the President (d' the Ciiited Slates in itursuaiice of it.- provisions. in r>'|dy, 1 am In ac(|uaiiit yon, for the ini'oiniation of the Marcpiis of Sali>bnrv, '.li:il Lord Kniilsford, wliile aceepliiin- the eoiislriirlion jiiit upon llie .\el and I'roclan.aliuii in yiuir letter, woiild have been ybid if an o)ipiMlin;ily could have been fiimnl of pliicini; liiul construction olliciull_) on record. 1 am, ite. (Hjeiied) W. II. MMADi:. • Hi'« Iiiili>»iirc' 'J III No. 37, ^ Si !■ Illi ^ii'lirc I ill Ni'. '}i. 2S3 No. lIMi. Colonial Officr to Fnrriijn Office, — {Uereiipil April 30.1 Sir. Dovnimj Slrpet, April 25), 188!). I AM (lirectod hy tlic Sccrptnry of Htntc for tlic (.'olonies to transmit to you, with rclrrciicc to your letter of the IHtli instniit, ii copy of a despiitcli wliii 'i lie Ims addressed to till' (Joveni(ir.(.eiif'nil of Canada imiuirin;,' us to tlie exteiii (o wliii i, ''.itiHJi ("olurabian losscis Here ctiffogcd in seal liunling in IVlirin^'s Sea prior to l'*!^';. I am, «te. (Signed) llOllEJCr C W. Ui:HHEE,T. Inelosuro iii No. I'Jd. Lord Knulnford to Lord Slanln/ of Prr.iton. My Lord, Dnunimj Street, April 27. 1R8!). 1 HAVE the honour to transmit to you, for communieution to your .Ministers, a nipy of a letter from the Forei<:;n Oliiee rei|iie«tiiig to he supplied with information as to liicM'xIcnt to wiiicli vessels helonginj^ to IJritiih Columbia were engaged in seal hunting in lioliriiig's Sea prior to 1^8(1. I shiiiild he ()l)iigcil if your Ministers could supjjly the information desired by the .\lar(|uis of .Salisliury at an early date. I liave, &c. (Signed) KMUTSFOllD. No. 11)7. .^(V J. Pauncefotc to the .\[(irqiiis nf i'(tliiihury.-'{Iieceivcd May 13.) My Lord, Wnshlnijto)}, April 2f), ISSO, IN reply to yoin- Lordship's despalcii of the l-^th instant, I have the honour til iMfortn yctn Hint I learn on inf|iiiry that the record of the appeal of the sehocmer "W. I'. Siiyiviird " wasiiled on (he •"I'llh Octolirr, 1HS><, hut has not yet been printed, if ills lint printed wiien the case is culled the appeal will lie dismissed. Uul it a|)pc;irs the case will not he rciiclicd for call for sonic three years, the liiisjiicss (/!' the Supreme ('ourt ol' the United Slates iieing, us 1 am told, nearly or ([uite liiur years in uricur. [ am, «cc. (Signed) .lULIAN I'AUNCEKOTE. No. lOH. (Jiiloniiil Office to Foreiijn Office— {liecdved Maij 15.) Ml-, DnvniiKj Slrerl, Ma,/ 14. 18H!). I AM directed by (he Secretary of Stad; for tlie Colonies to Iransniit to you, for tln^ iMl'iiiiiialion of the Marcpiis ot Salisbury, a copy of the Annual Ileport of the Canadian I'l'imitmeiit of Kisheries lor tln^ year ISHS. I iiin to call attenlion to the reiiiurks at p. l?ll as to the seal-hunting in w:liriiig'H Sea. f uni, Ike. (Si-ned) IIOIJKIIT V,, W. UKRIJEHT. .i(! Iiielosuiv ill No. IDS. I'Ki'i'KN sliovuii;; ilio NiiinbiT dl' \%'>si.>ls, lioats, mill Moii (.'iiitun'i'd in tiio iMiiriiie Fur Fishery nfUritisii (Joiuinltiii, uilii tiic I'liuliicl.s iiiiil \ ;iliic, Im llic Season of I8**8. Niii)ilit*r \ui,il','r T.ilal Numl'ir „l .',<,'alf. N.uni-.! of \'<>scU. i X-rin-' of OiviiT'. Tiilill:r,'i'. NnriiliPr | Niimlirr »r lli'ii. „f Srai. in Itnlinli „f Mralit inliclirniK'k 'I'.iiii \ ..iiir ,.f Se.1.. j 1 ) Uilnnilnti. S.I. Il.ill>r< I'lllilopn ., .. 1 .1. .1. (lni\ li'.l :, •-'11 (tn.'i !l(,ll l.Tii.-, i;.Oi Mary Kll. .\. M. !.■ m .. c-.'.l II .111 1,1 ni l,'.i.17 :i,.li; :i:i.i;'i .Iiintntit .. ..1 Hall itii't < ,.1 •jii (i III Hill "-.'» i:i::> I2,J. >,ui.l..-,; ., ..1 .1. ». 1.. . .. .v.? 1 ( ill 1117 III? I,a;" Sa|.liliirii .. .,'[■:. 11. .M.T.ilil I'JI u '22 l.-'llil 1,'jnil I2.IHNI Viv.i ,, ..| ( ,ir(U' .mil .Miin-ni' ,,j iij •1 Jl Sllli •.',111,9 \!.\)7:> 21^, ri' III li-k |}|(n>irillt illil Flank ,,j si ■' . 19 j:ii -ii:i 1 .il'.ii) 1 ii.'.a.i, M.iry Ta>|..r .. | J. |l. VVarnii 1' i.i ■-'< :i!ij :m .■|.'.ljii il!.;..i 1 Ani'Tiia 1,1 1, J I 17 '•• in 'rriiimp'i .. ..! II. Mi'l.*ati .. ■17 1' U ,. ■•'va .',1711 ■Jt.Il'O II. .<. 1 inlir .. 1 Wni. 11. mil :il J 12 :'jii •-'.in S,J*i Airn. C. M...r.> ..' Cl.a.. Ilai-kilt .., II.' 7 ' -•-' ';i.-i 7 1.-. Mj.i I«l!y.. .. ..' I>'!lni;tn iithl I'liink .. lis Ji ■Jil "":! , . •i;j Wa Pnthibiilcr .. .. I'itrnt- .mil .MiiMjif ,., iiii ■J 'Jl Ullll ii.'iii 1 .'iM \1,M< AilM.- .. ..[ f lliii/ .Ml H 19 ■Mi :-J-' 1 211 U.lh lt.»rv IIIVII .. Will (II •Tl .1 U IIKI .Mill liiill li.iiiii Ann " lu., Ijillliii J.'i :i II l.-Mi I, II HI 1,1 '.i;. li.'J.Vi Ma.'ii.Mc I.ilni 1 1,1.1.1 .. 71 :, in \JU 1,'."J9 I.I2I ll.l'l l-'>i\iiii>it> ,, ,. 1 'Jill'., '^piini; rti 1.' 27 ami I.n:|| 2.1.11 Jl.jlll 1 To«Bl .J ■ ■ • ■ • • • ■ • ■ ~7ii.~ K>itiiiati> nf «kinii pnri'lia*! >t from Iniliviis .. ,. .. n,.'iiiiiii ;i.i.' ' -.11 ii|icr--kiti* )inri>li.iiTil Ifuiii Itii j,llis , , , , lull lull 7,5'!'' liair .*• aU pitrili.t'i il fr.'iii tii.liuiiii .i..'iiiii • • :i,.'iiiii 2.1:.' .••rli.i-.iiiT "(1. S. Kiml.r," «-..lrn>.-Mii« .. . , , , Jl .'I :!;■ ■J.'ill i\or>, ,it 411 .■. •• •• •• Ill (iranil tiital in.irihi' furs am prMliii-t.) •• •• •• •• 2HI),l.ll Till' ilifsease in the liir seal caleii in rieliiiii;;'s Sen is still iiinrc imlireiiiiie , it «;i- eau.seil ]iiinei|iiillv li\ llie iiiiseltli'il >AtUr of iilliiiis «i(li llie ^\iiieiiean ( lovei'.miMit. .several ol'tlie M'liouiiers ln'iiiu;- iilViiiil to eulei- these .viiters ill llie rislv of .seiziin i. A ^reat (leal lias liei'ii written on the life and liiihits of liie fur «eal. It is .■oiiteniiiil 1»_V some that all the fur seal in (he North I'afilie have tiieir lookeries on St I'liul ainl !**. («('ori;e Islaiuls in IU'lirin,y;'s Sea. Others elaini that iiiaiiy of the fur si als of lln' I'aeitle iiever enter Itehriiiii's Sea. Iiiil iiii|i on lar;ie kelji tielils in tlii' oeeiin, ami iiiiiy jierliiiiis have rei;iilar liaiiiiiiL!' jiToiiinls oiilsiile of lielMiiii^'-'s ."^ea. i'Aliaels Iroiii aJ'in'iiliir if ('. \l. liiiiiiseii mill Co.. lit' IjoihIdii, l'',n;.;lmiil. will jiive tile reader some iiUni of hIhi. the fur seals arc eaunlit. Imoiii Oetolier j.'^sd to .laniiarv 1H.'<.'< llie followiiiff mindicr i' skins were sold :— NiirileWfct I'liiific ('miat hiiliui ihIui.iI ,. ,. .'Mnaltii ,. ., ('ll|l;>( I' Inl.lllll ., .ln|Kiii . . , , ('ii| (• Horn . . . , Siiiitli .ear l.*^?" lie \\as cimii^jed liailiii;;' "H the eoasi neiir Ih'llii I'ellii iltiriiiL;' the months of Mnreli .'iiid .April, when he mi» IiiiihIiviI- of fur seal pups I'loiii :', to o months old, uliieli liiul lieeoine si'parated fioiii tin if motlu'iH. Hiid on aceoimt of a hwvy slomi were hi iwn on shore and ciiii^ht hy iln' native-. Tapuiiii AleMimler MeLeiin, of Victoria, stales that he killed a mmiln'r el' In: seal pmis «i!l'('ape Cook, "hieh had likewise heen hlown nHliore diirinj; a slnriii. .hiiw- (1. Span's IJeport for !SS(l and i^.^.i n,,es (o >liow Unit (he Indiiins of t'lipe I'hiHii" «l , •r..i.! rnl \ .iiiif ' >. s»l.. !Killar<. ■ii:i IMlVi u; :ii.i;9 I'll ll.'.M'l iiir i.*'*ii JCMI li.imi c;.'! ■jf,;w It'.Hi 1 ii.'iw) .W.' .'..'.l.'U ir IM i;o ■HM ■j:i'> 2,1*1 71.'i r.ij" '.i:i :i,\ii ■j.-iii IJ.lO'l ■ill W.Kii liiiii ti.iii:ii • I'.i:. 11, 'Jill .121 U.2I' .I'll ^l,3liJ ■ ■ ^_- — > ili.'l" ,:iiMi i'.i.'MI nil) ;..v»i ,:iiio ii.'i.*) I'll* •• ;lKO,lvi 257 (•i|)liin' t'lir seal pups cncli sonson, and kcoy, tlicm as pels nrounil tlio rampH. ft is iin|iii^-ilili' lliiit tli«'s<' pup-- iiiMV liavo conio i'loni Hi-liriiif^'s Scu iit tliiit «;,{(;, (h Mr. Klliott -'111— iIk'v del nii( leave tlie islaiuls liel'ore llio iiiiintli ol' Novi-iiihcr, iiiul liio<-e that Mr. >u;iii speaks ol' are laujjlit early in tlie .spiiiij>-. The majoril v < St a tlie eatcli docs not exceed 1 per eeiii. Miit thi y cttiiiiot deny tin' tiiii tliat over 00 per cent, of Ihe entire ciitcii of 'ieiiriii^'s Sea is mad<- iiji of female No. lOiJ. .S'/( ./. Pafinrffnle to the Marquin of lSalisliury.—{,lipreivrtl June 3.) My Lord, WnsliiwjKni, May 21, 1S«(). I IIAVK liic lioiimir to inlorm your I.oidsliip that tlie sleuimr " Rush," of flio riiilid ."^tales' Kevonne Service, 1;ns heoii ordered to ndirin^'' Sen in or(l(;r to protect the tur-liciinn;; III '1 '« in the Icititory of Alank'i or in the watiTs thereof, in ai'conlancr with sirtion I'.l.'ii] I 'Im llcvi-id Sialiites. Tlic llcveii,!. steamer " I5< iir," now littii 'j at Snn I'l-aneisro, '"vill Khorfly follow the " iiiisji,'' in onier to assist licr in this woik. I hive, \c. (Sifrned) .1. I'AIJNCKI'-OTI':. IndoMiie -.1 iSo. iUO. F.rlrficl frnin tlir " ]\ti.shhujtoii Post " nf May 24, I««9. 'fiiH Al.ASK.VN Skai. i'"isiiritii:s. — Seerefary Wiiidoni yt;«teid:iy sidled liic Hiiilini; iii'ltT- of the Heveiiue-steaiiicr " Kush," direetiiifj that sliesail ininiedialely upon rweipt of liiT iii«triiciioiis to Oiinaiai-ka, ami then to eruize diligeiitl_ in Uidirin^'n Sea for the pnrpo'-c lit' " warnint; all perxiiis auviinst eiiterini; such waters for the piirpoHi- of violatiiiL; -..t''iii IDftIi of the Hevi>ie(l Statutes, iind ariestinu' all iier^ioiis, and i-ei/in^; all veHsels, fniiMl to he, or to have heeii, cHfjaml in aiiv violation ot the laws ol' the L'nit«'ii Statcfi tlllTi'ill." Si'ctiiin I Of)*), Revised Statiitus, referred to above, provides that " no nemori ithall kill any (itli I, mink, minleii. saMe, or fnr-se.i!. nr other fur-heariiif; niMmiil witliin thi" liiiiitR of .Ali^k I teriilory. or in tlie waters thercol ; and every pi-rson guilty thtieof Nhall, for each uH.. tiiiid not less thiiii '.iOd dollars nor nime than l,n(IO (loiiarw, or inipnsoiiei I not nmrc than civ months, or In.tli, and all vessels, tlu-ir laekle, aiiparel, fiirniliire, iind earxo, InMiiil eiu{ai,'i!d in violation of this section shall he tbrfeited ; hut the Secretary of the TiiiisiMV shall have power to aiithori/c the killinji of any such mink, marten, mdiie, or orllii'r I'lir-liearini,' animal, exeent fiir-seul. iiiuler such rei;iilationH .is he iniiy pretterihc, and il tUM Ik' till- duly of Ihe Seeictnry to prevenl. tiie killiiifj of any fiir-sc iil, and to provide for ilii' ('\i('iition of the piuvisioiis of this section until it is otliirwise jirovideil hy law, nor •hull I le «i'iiiil any siiecial privileiies under this section. Tlie (.'ommandiii}? OtHeer of the " Husii " is also rmiiished with copies of the Act of till' 'Jiid .March, |n,si), aii<| the I'rcsident's I'roolamation of the 'Jlst Man li, I8H!>, r<;«aiditJK till |jriil( clion of the seal and salmon (islioiios of AI;iskfi. and instructed to eidbice their jiiiivi'-iiiiiw, The " Kusli " is now at Sun l''raiu'isco ready for sea, and will sail immediately iilion irceipl of the orders, which were mailed at Washington yesterday alternooii, The Hivciiiii-stcniiicr •' licnr," which is now tittiiiu; out at San Francisco for an e\|iedition to I" I'nint Marrow, Alaskii. has also Iuh'm d(.sii.''natod to assist in the protection of the AIndknn ti'liiriis, and will lolloiv the " Kii'ili " in a short time, licr orders are ii'iw heiii;; ||ii|iiiii(| at the Treasury Dcpurtnieiit. ,128 J »L 2.')8 No. 200. dou.sitl-Genrral lUmkn In llir Marijiils of Stilinhury. — (lifceivi'd July H,f My Lord, Xnr York, Jun^ 2H, l^^iO, 1 HAVE till- lionour lo inclose oxtrricts, for your I.ordsliipV |Krusal, fnfin th- }(tr» York " Evcniiit; I'ost " of ycslcrilay, cKiitaiiiiiig an iiitciT;-,tinu' letter oi' the Jid.m*sr'< ft«a (liipstioii. I have, isic. (Signed) WM. LANK H(H)Kf.U IiK'losuic ill No. 'JOO. E.I trnrt from the Nnr York " Lhtiinij Post" of Jmir 27, \*i1vse<-'« ||»«' L'niM States and (ircal Britain roneirnin^ tiu^ seal tislieii"s in the north I'uci),'.'-, or, .«« Aur statesmen iind writers preler, lor a very shrewd reason, lo say, in " HiUni\'/ii H<'ii" Sev(-ral Miiiish ve- els were seized in 1K8(1 aiitl IbS" hy I'nited Sl»tA>' K*»n;^- criii/ers for seulinu, in lUhiin^'s Sea (a part of IIk; I'aciiieOceiiii,as I shall »)*<>»»■ j;»t>w'ft«f>j, luv outside oi the ;j-mil<' shore Itelt, and these vessels were coii(lemnerl Stutes' Uislriei Court ai ^^lli\a. So liir us i iiiii iiwiire, theic is no otinvil ^MMmi't(l\l showing the posiliim taki n hy our (ioveinment in this muitcr, »o that wi- iituU {*l', tmk on ,-taleineiils in tile press. 'J"he "New Wnk Herald" of the i:Uli » )ctoher, \WJ, |)nhlished wlwt \mrffrtUfi Ui he a rcrlidliiii eo]iy ((f the " lirief undeittood to have heeii piepareil at Wa«t;ti«'^ arul rocuiitly tiled in the IJourt at Sitka hy Mr. A. i'w. Deluiiey as counsel lor the \jutUi4 JHato Government," '1 he deleiidaiit's name is not i.lven flmre, Init ohviously it «♦ Utt: Wiei au;iiinst one ol tiie Hritish \osels seized in 1hm7, and proliaiily suijstantwIJv tlw? «;♦»« hriel wa-i UH'i\ against all of iheni. hi a leader in the sume issue tiie " Heraiiii'' (dim fo this hiiel as thai, aj^ainst eert..in British vessels chai.ued with violalinj; oui tlnitti- 'fWc iti no rcusoii to doiihl the genuineness of this paper, and in the ahsenee of mtmr nf'Hkttf., wo may tai•«« iht »n|i»ni and sealin;^ |i n|a)scs beyond the limits of a imuiiic league from shore; ilial ihn ikmuiw [ircscnts Bnuarely the (piestions: — 1. The jurisdiction of the United States ov( r l?eliniiu;'8 Sen. L'. The power of Congiess to le;;i.slat(> conceniin;t those walers, 'I'heii h'ilows the ainiimeiit, npeniiii; as follows: — "The late of the second ol these propositi. ms depends luitccly upon itial iH Hbft firtfr lor if llie jiirisdielioii and dominion of the United States as lo these waterK \te tuA tmlXfttui the restrictive ae(s of Congress iiiiist full " 'I'his aiguiiicnt oHers i.'rcnt tiMnplalion to Huhiiiit it to eriticlKiii in tit4HH, Uti t *M conilnc myself to the main issue. 2r>9 It states Uiat iiiu-ruatioiml law lecof^iiiztj «'•» inm »j»t«Ts of n cortain kind :ia " lami- iiickf'l or iiilaiul," and accords doiiiiiiioii and 'juh>^lUcliou mv.t i\»'U\ to individual nations. (Juotiilioiis from till' tcxt-l)*, Awior.x fiicin uic enuincralcd tlio r,iiiii«iila 111' KamtcliHtlwi and l^asicrfi Siln-na, aiiti()ii, to 1)0 settled hy leforonce to authfiitic JMa)/» iit CAihtU. The roliahility of the I 'hart- issued hy our llydro^'rapiiie Oliiee iit \Vacl(i«-i«t/>f( will not he (luestiotied, so lot us iii-ult Its Chart No. OS', ^ dition of .May 1H8«, eiiluM " IWirin^'-t Sea and .\retic Ocean." Lei us, for brevity's sake, assume, what in, iiowastfi, mri. true iv) fact, that the cliaiu of islands generally called the Aleutian, as far as ih< y $(//, jiH»w«;r» all the reijuirements of iiitprnational law as an inclosing harrier. Wo limtt miol fmly c'xaminc the sea to the westward of tl\c most western of .said islands, tijt o(«; tfn\M Atlon. The said Chart shows only two islands hotwoen Atton and the coa»t ol Ki«trf*.^:hatku, and these intervi'iiing idiuiils are Russian territory. The nrspeetivf \nt»iUiiii!i. an; laid down in said (,'hart a« follows ; — Atlon (most wcsturii lliiitrd Btaic!,' UTriU.iry>, •«•» •» ircinily (if . . . . . . . , [ (VppiT Ifilaiid (miirt'st land l•ll^tward), imulh ill tft^ . iroinity of . . . . . . ,. , | ('(ii)|it'|- InIiiiuI 'iiorlli-wrst), ctlri'nuty of ., ,, lU'liiiiin'N Ishinil, iu'iiu>l Iniid (.'iihtvuird lo Cojijai I^ImimI I I'oint iiiarcU to ('op|ur Inlnud, (.'aiH' Cliitron ,,' I'oint lUMircst to Kamtrliiill<;i coiinl, h»« l/i"«i'i, lltnt/i ,,' Ki'i'itclmtliH, iioini '" in -t t ■ l l-l.ir.l W A7 N, ki nr, N. »< ;,r, s. ft* W ?l. '>r. or, .V. 17-2 ai) !■;. lAit o.'i v.. u>: iM K, J««"37 Iv iM 40 i;. tr,.i .'() K '{'he usual method oi naiiiii'Hl oaleiiliitioii slwrn* fl»e 4lMtr%~«f. distances between the iiimvc points It) he as follows, to wil, hetweeii : — Altiin anil Copprr I' mtn lUuHiUti («!<; Senate, Hep., No, 1(183, 4ft riin;{, 2 sess., p. 5) that straits a* i-njw a!> the (,'i>l uH'itiinu ( I to I .^ inile-s wide) hadinp; to WHS aeecssible by other eh., mi i- ol siiflieit/il widlli, %vti: ir«i to our usi . On this jiiiiiriple e\er\ oni ot the tram '•iianind- l)eiwt«;n iljt- ,SUiUiiiti\ Isliiiid*, and coiiiiecliiiu; tlie '111 south t)f them with lliat iioith oi tlic.ii, i> liei »<» itl 'nf world. 'I'lii' best id' all of tiiciii, tlir AiiiouKlitii Pass, is about 41 milo wuk- ! I:wi»i(iii> ih< ridieiiit;, ih ■ vials id' wriiMt lliat Mir puiilicisls and cliplonniti-rts woiil.l pour <•". •»,» «(iy In, kless wi}i;ln who, sleuling iiii' li.'iiiiler, should uinlcflako to j rov. lli.tt tin- (»**«' ni Ai biwrriifc, for instauiv, was I'V iiiiMnftlioii.lI law .1 Uiilish clo«'d sm, |,iiiijl'«>'li<^( .tiir (ImI tiii, is iieiuiilly m- h»nl l»» HnM*li fi'rrifory, and has inly liiiee liHiiiii Is of uomuiunieu'.ion wiih the Atluutic ', h-.;8j a I. J 360 Tlicrc is n story of a navn! oa]>lnin wlio, on l)f'ing ovfrlinulod by liis superiors for not returning a salute fwed in honour of liis Hag, replied tliat lie Imd a wlioie numlier of >Tood reasons tor tlie oniission, to wit: (Irslly, liuvin^ no powder, and wiio was tlicrciipon iininidiately cut sliort by tlie remark, "'I'luit will do!" \'ou may say the Attornoy d till" United Slates himself lias rested liis eii>.e on the Knemd fli;il riehriiii''s Sea i< u jiind. Ii.'cked and inland The contrary has now been di n.o'.Hlratetl ; eoii>e!|'i(ii(lv tli niiitter i.i .-etlled, and noliof tht o ther alJeiratioiis, Imwevi'r ho|iel( -r-ly involved in the pi-eeediniL;, or however absurd U'relevant in thiins.lvo, dispro'.cd >.ejiiiiiitrly and disliiw'tiv Til lese alle^rMtionH iue. p.irily in expnsN lein.s, partly hy Imiilicalion, thai (I) liehiiiij^'.s S( a and the I'acitie Oeeiia iiri' separate and dili'erent seas ; ('J) that Hehrini', Sea is not a part of the I'aeitie, and Bdirin^'s Sea was the only inteiior sea of the North Ameriean eoast, and was held hy Hwssiii; (■■<) that Hussia by the Treaties of |H'i4 and IH'.T) (with the United States and Great Uritain respeeiively) abandoned her prior elaim to jiiiisdietiou over the I'aeitie, hut did not surrciu'er iniisdieiion over llehrinu's Sea, and that eonsefiuently such jurisdiction ileseendcd to the Unitid Slate.^ thion^di the (cssioii to ns of all I'ussia's rights by the Treaty of 1867. In snppoit ia's jurisdietion ovi r Ihlirinn's Sea. wliy was it not settled in the Trent \\\ IV was a ten veins' litnil id iiinliiidU liie navi:.Mtinii in the inteiior sea-- ics llUrllDlIK and cieeK"' "I (iieli oll.tr on the Noilh Aincriean eoart accepted hy the United States imd by (Ireat Ibitaiii, if Heiirin^^'s Sea - deelarcil by the ar;,'iiment to be the only interim' >Oii- w, s part (A the I'aeifie or beloiiirid to the bi^li Heus, and, therefor;', free to all ? Wliy w,i< the ii'Tiii inland sea used? The answer to it all is the same as that to so many other I'onnndruiiis -"Tlii' hoy lied." Ihdirinf{'s Sea was ,ind is a pint nf tlie I'ai ilic. The term Pehi'iiiii's Sill was nnhnown at the time the Treaties of 1S21 and 1^2.) wi.'rc niadi', and, tlii-ielore, was not, aiiil eoiild not he, usi'd in tluan. When a dislinetivi name was employed for that sea, they called it in those days "The Sea of Kiuiitehiitk;i"— the arnnmeiit it-' if admits this by saying; "formerly known as the Sea of Kainlelintkn." The teini liehriiii''s Sea is aii'-ent not oiiU from these Treaties, but (ion; all ti (ill I" diplomatic eorrespondenee iiid from all eoiitempnrimeons writini;s, T con with the nuie tilhs ol the cneviinptrdins, gazetteers, and i;eonrap!iical rilcri'; books, &e,, pii'ilished i.p to \f*'2rt, and liir many years after, in which I have looki'd, a looked in v;,in. lor IV. \\r\i\<' s .^ea. TI le name Midiriiu'. in a variety of suelliny;*. in all, as that of a navigator, ol ii hay on oiir coast (hut far to the east of l)eliriiii,''s Si,, . of an island, of a strait, lint nrviT, until long after l^'.'o, as thai of the ven, now so riilji'd The piesent application of tiiat iiaine i.s of niii(di more recent oriL^in, and its gcnend adoption has been gradual and slow; but that this separate name should or could divest this sea (d its old (piality ui' forming pail ol the I'aeitie Ocean is an idea unknown to tlu' seientitie world, Look into any old or modern reference hook, under " Hehring's Sen" and '■ Pacific Ocean," and yon wdl always tind tin' first delinedasapart of the PaciticOcea an :l tl: IS as neL'iniiing a t iichn Strait, llin^ inchidiiig the iirst. I found Inif mu' exception to tl ii.->. VIZ. second edition of " .\ppletou's ICneyclopa'dia " (IB"-'^), wl I'll says that the I'aeitie is bounded on the north by the; Aleutian Islands (lichring's Sua ii»! being projicrly oeennic in its eharae'ei), and thin is in contradiction to the detinitioii of Hehring's Sea. in thv same edition, that being said to he part of the i'ucilic. Ilowi^vcr, llie earhest ( diiion ol the same work (IHjVs) ni'ikcs the I'ai'ilic ('.xtend from Melii'iii:'^ Strait to lie .Xntardie circl am 1 it agiiin proves my assertion, Our own early ( >tli('i;il lies' Charts, viz., Pilot ('harts ol l.ieiiteniint M. l\ Maury, United Slati',' Navy (United St; llydrographic Olliee, I S'lO), sheets Nos. 'J. and .'t, series "A," covering the present nehiiii;''* Sea, are eiititlerl " North I'acitie ;" the namo Hehring'H S-a iloes not occur in theai; Imt on No. 2 the names of "Sea of Ochotsk " and "Sen ol Siiclndien " arc given to thw divisions of the Paedie. In the ollieiid doeiinienls and in the (-onjifressional debates almiii l'\'l)ru:iiy l> Helping's. Hut to make iissuiane" doubly sure, I applied for nn opinion on the (|iicslioii to the most ciiiiiunt living anthoiity in inatli rs ^c I'.'raphieal, Professor Hr II. Siipaii, editor of " Petermamrs .Mitteilimgen," who likewise nays that nil neograpners cniisidi'i Hidiiing's Sen u part of thi^ P.ieilte. I eim mihmit Hie eorrespondenee if dcmred. 261 Irunis -"The A look at a Map or Chart of tlic region in qticstion (which ph-aso to rcfollort I'Miliriii-cs not only till' American shore nort.li of the {'cninsiila of Ala>-ka, Imt thiit to tiic rn-lttiii(l iiiid southward of it, whether Russian, British, or of the United States) will show tli:it -ill far from lUihrinp's Sea heinp; the only inland sea there, this ref;i()n is |iurticularly fi;l| (jl' |ieninsulas and whole archi|ielat;(ies of inlands, and is eonsetiuently also full of interior iCMfj, '.'uilV, harhourp, and cru lort of give-and-take arran,i;c- niciit as rej^ards marine dominion ; that Rus<;ia abandoned a i>art of it only, and had the halaiici' eonecded to her. Seeretary Adams, in his instruetions '. ) our Minister at St. IVtcrshurf^h of the 22nd July, l!^'-''l (sei' .\nierieaii .^late Capers, " Foreign Relations," Kirond scries, fidio edition, vid. v, j). 4'M!), after setting forth Russia's claims as includinp tlie risht to interdict the navigation and the fishery of all other' nations to the extent ol lOi) mills from the coasts of Asia, from 4.')° north (round) to C>\° north of the American Ciiiitinent, says emphatically; — "The United States can admit no part of these claims. Their right of navigation and (if fishery is perfect, and has heen in constant exercise from the earliest times, after llic pence of 1783, throughout the whole extent of the South Ocean, subject only to the ordiniirv exceptions and .-xclusions of the territorial jurisdictions which, so far as Russia's ri:;li(s aie concerned, arc confined to certain islands north of the C5th degree of latitude, and have no existence on the coast of An\erica." And when you remember that in those davs there was no such division of the Pacific lictwcen I'acific and Hchring's S« pcrfectls clear that we and Great liritai*. .i the respective Treaties of 18'J4 and 1825, c.u'iicd our point for frvv navigation atui fishery to its fullest extent hy !ia\ing it iickiuiwledgcd therein as extending to "any part of the jireuf ocean commoidy called the I'ncilie Ocean or South Sea." And further to show that this was also Russia's vuw of tilt! meaning of the said Treaties, let nie refer to a passage in Bancroft's " History of the Pacific S'aie," vol. xxviii, p. C)K]. In IS-ti? the Russian American Company urged the Russian Government to send arnied erni/.ers for the preservation of Heliring's Sea as a mini' dnnmnn, on account of the great extent of .American whale-fishing there; hut the Rii'isian Ministry replied that the Russo-Ameriean Treaty gave to Americans the right to iMmaL'e in lishin!* over the whole extent of the I'acific Ocean. It is hardiv ncce-sary to sav anything Miore. 'J'o assert in the face of all this that mir purl of nehiint;"'^ Sea is a cl()--ed sen, is nothing else than a parody on the old luadlaiul- line (li)ctriue, a I'lie, in this case some ?H1() niiles lout', from Ca|ie Tiinee of Wales i.o Allen, and Mulo>ing a "hay" stretehiug, at its greatest extent, over about IK) degrees (if loMgiiudc. This may recommend itself to lovers of a " hi^;' thing," hut legally and Idi^iially it is 110 less absurd th.in Russia's stdl longer headland-line of 18'il, whii.h Secretary Adams wiped out. Perhaps it may lie ]ileadiMl in beliall' of the .Indue al Sltku, the 11- ^ I.eff. Dawson, lliat he is only a District .ludgo, ami that he was misleiJ by tiie ^V.ishington brief; liiit what can be said for our superior ollieials, the SeerefarHc-- of Stale ar.d of the Treasury ? Were and are thi'y loo misinibriiied on thi- g«(iuraphv the history, and e\en tiie l.iw jiiM ruing these cases? l''roni time to tinu we have been told !iy the newspapers that the lirilish vessels M'i/Ml liave heen released, and then ai;ain that it ha- nut heen doni'. It seems to he all a nwiildle. The iiowspu|u'rs also say we uii;>t. in self deli'iice, prevent any one liul the .Alaska Cmnmercial C"inpaiiy from sealing in Hehring's Sea, because that Company j'ays our (ievciiiment a handsome interest on ihe cost lo us of .Maska ; that the seals there ace all iiiirs because brcl on territory ol ours, aiul thai free stealing would soon exiermiiiate these iiiiinials. Iniagin." such sophi-nis and such unlrnlli submiltel to the Supreme Court. The fur-seal are not nil, or even iinnlij nil, bred on our territory. Mr. II. \V. Collins, ill his Report on Ihe seal islands of Alaska, puhlished (illiei'dly as part of the United Stiites' Census cd' IH.SO, vol. xiii. No 12, I'art VIII, says, on p. (I, that they also breed on t'(i|)|ier and Ik'hring'x l>laiuls, In ||i llii-siaii, and hoi h leased hy our Alaska Coiiimeiiial ('am|iany ; and on ]> 1111, llial ■lH,.''iil 1 df il'i>e animals ^\eii^ taken on these Russian idai .Is. I'ut if the seals were all American-horn il would innke no dilference in law, a> I'liniuii's roaming abmit the high seas are no man'.-' pro|Hrty, (ixiepl hi> who calcluts tliem. That " iVei' sealing" might entail eJilerniination ol these creatures in the .North I'ucilie, as il has ulivuly tloiu! lifewbere, is probable, but this gives us lu) right to make lircvcntive Iiwh, eveii of Ihe inildesi kind, ler ollu'is ihim Aiueriean cili/ens and foi' 262 localitip? otlicr than (HIV (iwi) tcuitoiy. I'.vcii tia' Wasliingtoii brief :iilinil;i this. Inter- natuuial ai^rcciiuiit, and nut the //)>,• ili.ril ol any single natiiin, is the proper ruincdy, if there he one. Tiiat iVco .•^ealin;,' might, and prohahly woiihi, injure tiiianeially an Anu'iitun cnrporatidi', I'veiilually, perhaps. I veil mir i .'overiiiiu'nl , may he dejjhi.ahh', lail will ntit be ar-eeptcfl as our jiistiHeation lor intcrrerencc with the ritjhts ol' other nations, involving tlin infliction of injustice oa ir;.' /idual Ibreiu'neis. The whole course of our > iovrmment, its iietioii as well as its inaction, in this matter is open to severe erilieisiii. It looks as if, in this matter, we ri'pudiated ull our tradilionai and 'terliuij maxims .-f iiiteriiational olilijratioa-;, as if we iiud s\iL'stituliil lor uur old trusty and trusted moral c'ompa>s a new one, and that one suhjeet to the most astomulini; viiriutions, according to locality — variations eclipsing in scope any similar performance of the mariner's compass. Within certain moderate limits, there may he as good local reason for the variations of the moral compass as for those of the mariner's instrunicnt; but an absolute turning end for end, ai\ inversion of nortii and south, of right and wrong, the claim that a general [irinciple of law has one edVet here and the o()posite elFctt elsewhere, will not lie accepted, in either navigation or law, by either expiris or merely common-sense peojile. \\'hen the captain linds that the eard of his compu,ss calls tliat north wliicli the sun in the heavens provis to be the south, you cannot fool tlie captain into l)elic\ing that coinj)ass. He will tell you that, though the needle is as right as ever, somebody has been " monki'vim,- " with the vavd. lie will at once correct the falsificHtiun, The sooner Uncle Sam goes ami iloes likewise in this I'acide contention the better for all concerned, and particularly for the international reputation of our country as an upriglit, a lair-dealing, a just people. (Signed) Robert Kaynek, No. 201. Colonial Office to Furciijn Office. — {Received July 27.) Sir, - Dnwninrj Street, July '11, 18f>9. WITH reference to previous corrcs|)ondence, I am directed by Lord Knutsford to transmit to you, to he laid before the Marcpiis of Salisbury, a coi)y of u despatch from the (iovernor-General of Canada, with its inelosures, urging the desirability ol'such steps heiiii; taken as will secure reparation for the damages sustained hy sealers of the Doniiniun, in conseijui nee of the seizure of Canadian sealing-vessels in Behring's Sen, and the withdrawal of the claim advanced by the Government of the United States to exclusive jurisdiction over the waters of that sea. As f.ord Salisbury is .aware that a considerable delay has occurred in the presentatiun of these claims, Lord Knutsford would sugu'est that the claims should be presented to the United States' (lovernment at an early (hile, unless there arc strong reasons of policy against this course. I am, &c. (Signed) llOHERT G. W. IIERBEKT Inclosure I in No. 2()L Lord Stanley of Preston to Lord KnutuJ'ord. My r.orcl, New Richmonil, P. Q., June 12. 1889. WITH reference to previous eorres|)ondenct; on the subject of the sei/.iires of Canadian sealing-vessels in Mehring's Sea, I have the honour to forward lo your Lordship a co|)y of an approved Minute of my I'rlvy Cotmeil c;oiu lining in a Report submilled h) the Minister of .Marine and Fisheries, who deals fully with the whole (piesliim of the«e sciziircf, ,111(1 strongly urges the desirahility of such steps being taken by Her ALijer-ty'.- Governmeiit as shall .secure full reparation for the damages su^lailled hy Canadiiiti sealers, and the retraction of the claim advanced by the United States' (jovcrnment to exclusive jurisdiction over the waters of Ikhring's Sea. I have, i\c. (Signed) STANLEY OF I'RESTON. 26S Inclosure 2 in No. 201. AV/inr/ iif a Committee of the Uonoimililr the I'rlri/ Council, approved hi) his Kxrellenei/ the (iovrrnor-(ieiienil in Vouiicit on the ■\lh June, IHS'.). ON a Report, datnd tlic 27tli May, IHS'.t, frotn the Minister oCMnrino ;inil Fisheries, siiliiiiiltiiii; tiic fnllnwin;; resume and reeoininendalion relatini; to the Catiadiaii vessels icizi'il ill lh Au.uusi, 1HS7 ; and "Ada," 2rith .Auu'i.^t, 1HH7, and einljodied the elaims connected therewith which were leeiiuiinended to be lorwarded llirouyh the Imperial Government for immediate si'liieiMcnt. I'lnther revised claims lor personal damages, for illeirul arrest and imprwonment wi-re lorwarded under an approval .\liimte of Council of the I2th .lanuary, 18H8, to the Inipcii.il (lovernmi'iit in coniiiciion with the seizures in the year 1886, as hdlows ; — Ilaim (iiittiiriii.suii, inuiitur Henry Nuriniiii, luuti.' , .liinips O^iivir', iimsler .Iiiiiics Iliark, iiiiiti' Hinicl Muiiroe, iimslei .luliii Miii'fjiili'li, unite iSrhinmrr " Thornlnn.' Sr/iunuir " Oirnhna.' Schooner '* Onward." Dollurs. i.oao ■.!„')00 •J.SOO •J,,'>00 l.dilil ■-'..•idil The personal claims of tiic musters an>l males ol ilic xcssels seized in l'^i-t7 \u'ic iccdinmcndcd for transmission by a Mimite of Council of the 12th .lanuarv, ISM,^. as lidlows : — Schooner " lJidf.hin.'' .1 I). Wiirreii, "ii.Tsler .loliii Iti'illv, mate (Ji.Mirni' "■ I'Viey, tiiiiKtei- \. I). Iiaiii^, mate I.ciui.i Olsen. iiiiisler Mii'linel Keefi', mute , ■ William I'etit, muster t'liiirlei A. l.iidlierR, iimie . . Hi liiumer " H'. /'. Siii/uurd." Srtinonrr '* Anna tlfrl:'^ Sthonner " Grnir.' Srhiiovrr " Ada." DnlllUN. '-'.I ;:'.."> I.IIIMI 2,(100 1,000 L'.OOO 1. 000 2,000 U.OOO 264 One vessel was leleascd on tlie l.lth Mny, 1888, under a bond, viz., the seliooner " VV. P, Sayward ;" the owners of the otiicr vessels (exce|)t the "Ada" for whipji no owner could be found) considered that the appraisetnent wa:! lartjely in excess of the value of tiie vessels. Tlie jMarsbal ol the United States' Court was also of that opinion, and a reappraise, nient was sought from the American Governuieat but refused. 'I'he Minister has recently been advised that the schooners " CIracc," " Anna lUck," " Dol|)hin," and " Ada" were sold by direction of the United States' Government on the 26th .March last, the cargoes, supplies, and outfits of nil the seized vessels having been previously disposed of. The Minister further submits tliat in a despatch from the Colonial Otiiei , under date the 29th Mareii, 1888, stating that the Fviw Officers of the C'rown were ot the opiniou that " in respect of the schooner ' Favorite,' warned to cease operations under threat of seizure, the simple t|uestion is whether the threat was intended to be put into force, and wiietlicr she bond fide ceased to fish in consequence. There can be little doubt that both questions would be answered in her favour, and in her case also, a claim should be pressed, though the measure of damages will be different from that in the case of the other vessels and would, in the absence of special circumstances, be the actual loss occasioned by reason of tlie interruption of the fishing.'' The same despatch referring to the cases of the " W. P. Sayward," '"(Jrace," "Anna Beck," " Alfred Adams," " Dolphin," ami " Ada," seized in the Behring's Sea (luriv.,'thc season of 1887, says, upon the facts laid before the Law Officers, these seizures were, in their opinion, unwarranted, and the claims for compensation <;in be pressed. It may here be mentioned that in the case of the "Alfred Adams" the circumstnnceu are somewhat exceptional. This vessel was seized, and ordered l)y the United Siatcf' authorities to report to the United States' Marshal at Sitka; instead of whieli the caiitain sailed for Victoria, thus escaping detention and loss further than that of being olijiged to relin(piish his sealing voyage. The Minister desires to draw attention to the concise and forcible iircsi'ntation of the Canadian ease against the United States contained in the despatch from his [j)rd>liip the Marquis of Salisbury to Sir Lionel SaeUville \Ve.>t, under date the lOth Septend)ur, 1887, wherein Lord Salisbury deals with the claim set up by the late A(hninisl ration of (lie United States to the authority of that country iu the IJehring's Sea, under the Trciity nf Cession with Russia hereinafter metitiuned, inchuling those waters at a diitunce fioin land far in excess of the ordinary limit of maritime jurisdiction. The Marquis of Salisbui'y, in that despatch, leuuirks : ''Nearly four months have elapsed without any definite information being lurnisiicd by the United States' (Jovi'iii- nu'nt, as to the grounds of the seizures. My pri'deeessor instructed you on Ihi' 8lh .January last, to express to Mi'. Bavard the concern of ller Majesty's (lovernuient at the delay, and to urge tiie immediate attention ot the United States' (Juvermneut to thf action of the American authorities in their treatment of these vessels and of their masters and crews." And again: "Her Majesty's Ciovcrmuent have carefully considered the transcript record of the judicial proceedings in the Unitid States' District Court, iu liif several cases of the schooners ' Carolena,' 'Onward,' and 'Thornton,' which were coni- munieated to you in .luly, and were transmitted to nu; in your despateii .\o. lIKiuf the 12th ol that month, and they (aiuiot tind in them any justification loi' the ciindeninalioiKii those vessels;" and concluding his despatch his Lordsliip further stai(.'d : " ller Majoly'? Government feel sure tliat in view of the considerations wiiieh I have set forth in llii> despatch, which you will communicate to Mr. Bayard, the (iovernmenl of the United States will admit that the seizure and eoi\deuuiation of fliesc I'lriti^h vessels and tiie imprisonment of their masters and crews were not warranted by the circumstances, and that they will be ready to afford reasonable compensation to tiu)se who have siili'crcd in eonseiinenee, and issue immediate instructions to their naval officers which wdl prevent a recurrence of these regrettable incidents." Three years have now almost passed since the American Government were ajipriscdof the remonstrance on the part of the British Government against the claim set up to exclusive jurisdiction in the Behring's Sea, with i)ractically no result other than llic viitiial end conliimal exclusion of Canadian sealers from those open waters by the (lovernmeat ol the United States. Constant in(|uiry has been made of the Canadian Goveinment as to the present cnndiliun of the claims of British subjects in Canada for the damage and loss sustained h) the unjustifiable action of the United States' authorities. The Minister regrets timt he has been ubic to give no other answer to these inquirici M5 ic si'liooner r wliicli 110 cess of Ihe rcuppraisi'- iiiia Heck," iieiit on the aviiig been uiider (late tliu ()|iiniou 31' tlireat of forci', and )t tlr.it both bu [ircsscd, )tlic'r vessels ,'il by reuson ICC," "Anna 1 (lurii;: the res were, in rcuinstanecii lited States' I tbe c:i|itain ^ iibliged to atioii of the [-ord>bi|) the iiiilier, 1887, atioii of the he Tieiity uf ;l' IVoiu land iioiitbs liavf tcs' (loverii- vol! on till' vei'iinieiit at ment to tbo heir masters i\sidere(l the ourt. ill the li were coni- I'.Ki of the demnalioinil cr Miije^tyV forth in liii> ' the United sels and the istanees, and e siiU'eri'd in ill prevent a •e apprised of II) set lip to 111 tbe virtual Dvcniiuent ol the present sustained l»y licsc inquiries [I28| * li.port Nil .'ISSH II. li., ,-,0 I'.innri ^«. s, .,v|,.|i i. A|i|)i'nilix (A), t Aiiirii.lix (in April •:!. ;W!I. * 1!, purl No. ans.l IL I! . ;ii ;;,,ii...r.'>-, SitImmi .'. p. .), Appciuiix {.\). ^ Appendix (I I I'.khibll C lu uliuM' Hcpiirl. 2 M IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) A M' Cession the United States iicquired complete title to all that portion of Behring's Sea situated within the limits preseribetl by the Treaty. "The Committee herewith report a Hill J n'aking necessary amendments of the existing Law relating to tliese subjects, and recommend its ])assage." Herewith appended is a copy of the Rill H. R. 12,432, introtluced as directed by this Report, together with an extract from the "Congressional Record" relating to the same § The Proclamation of the President of the United States was issued on the 2Ut Wnrch, 1889, of which a copy is appended to this Re|iort.|| This Proclaniation tnkes the place of the Notice already (juoted, first recitiiiL' icction !,!)(")() of the Revised Statutes and then seetinn ,T of the Act, entitled "An Act to provid.- for the Protection of the Salmon Fisheries of Alaska, "1[ which is as follows:— "Section 3. 'j'hat section l,!).')fi of the Revised Statutes of the United States is hereby declared to incluiie and apply to all the dominion of the United States in thr waters of Behring's Sea, and it shall be the duty of the President at a timely seii'^on in each year to issue his Proclamation and cause the siune to he pidilished for one mouth iil leoBt in one newspaper (if any su<'b there be) published at each United States' port of ciitiy on the I'acitic Coast warning all persons against entering the waters for the purpose ol violating the [)rovisions of the said section, and he shall also cause oik; or more ves-cis ol the United States to diligently cruize in the said waters ami arrest all |)ersorv; and seize all vessels found to be oi' to have been engaged in any violation of the Lawn of the United States therein." Then follows the -varning as in Appendix (marked K). The Minister desires to liring tr t'le innne(l'ate iu)tice of the llritish (jovernmrnt the foregoing to show that while the wrongs intlicled by the American authorities upon subjects of Her Rritaimic .Majesty still go unredressed, instead of withdrawing liom the position assumed by the United States in lH8(i, the Govermnent of that country tlueatens to renew the illegal acts complained of. * ApiuMidix (1)), " Hi |i()rl i)f QdVciiKir nl .Miihliji I'ur IIm-iiI ji'iu- 1888." I Ui'|Hirl No. liH-il, SO toiijiichs, SiMiiiii •_>, A|i|i'iMlix (A), .Miiirli .10, IhC!) t Hill, II. II. I2,l;i2. tj A|i|i('nilix (A ). II I'Kieluiiintldii. Mniili '.21, [tiH'.l, A|i|ii'iiillx (IC). ^ A|i|irovecl, Murcli 2, ](}«!). 267 notice nf the 2S under con- lUSsia's title to Under these circumstances it is not surprising tliat the puhhc mind in Canada lias become excited it' not alarmed hy even the appearance ot" delay in ohtaining full com- nciiifitioii for the injuries done to Mritish suhjcets residing in this portion of the Empire. Adverting again to the Report of the Committee on Marine and Fisheries of the House of Representatives, the Minister does not deem it necessary to review all the coiK'lusive ansvcrs which have heeii given to the ground taken hy said Committee, and he is ;,'la(i to recollect that the British GovermnenD has never entertained douht regardinij the ;lb^c^ce of the sligtesl justification for the seizure of the Canadian vessels. lie may, however, be permitted to refer to the argument of tlie Committee of Marine and Fislieries before adverted to. Tlu' contention of the Committee was that the only (juestion ever raised between Russia, England, and the L'nited States regarding maritime jurisdiction in the Pacific had R'tnonrc to a section of the coast of the North Pacific Ocean, and entirely remote from Ik'liiiii^'s Sea. Upon tiiis the Minister observes that llie distingiii-^hed .American jurist, Chancellor Kent, (lid not so construe the letter of .Mr. Adams.* On the subject o',' mure claitsum lie siiys ill ills Commentaries :— f "Tlie claim of dominion to close or narrow seas is still the theme of discussion and controversy. PiiHendorf admits that in a narrow sea the dominion of it, and the right of fishing tlierein, may belong to the Sovereigns of the adjoining shores. '' According to tlie current of modern authority, the general territorial jurisdiction nxti'iids into the sea as far as catmon-sb'it will reacli and no farther, and this is generally calculated to be a marine league, and the Congress of the United States have recognized this limitation hy authorizing the District Courts to take cognizance of all captures made within a marine league of the American shores." And with reference to the letter of Mr. Adams, he further says : — "The claim of Russia to sovereignty over the Pacific coast north oi' the .51st degree of latitude as a close sea was considered by our Government in 1882 to be against the rights of other nations." In Regulations under the Russian Ukase of 1821, which led to the correspondence refened to, Russia expressly pretends to grant exclusive coininercial and fishing rights to Russinii subjects "from Behring's Straits to the .Olst degree of northern latitude; also I'roiii the Aleutian Islands to the eastern coast of Siberia, as well as along the Kurile IslaiuU from iiehring's Strait to the south cape of the Island of Urup, viz., to 4,'j° 50' northern latitude," Criticizing this, Mr. Adams said :— | " To exclude the vessels of our citizens from the shores beyond the ordinary distance to which the territorial jurisdiction extends has excited still greater surprise." The letter of the 2ii(l April, 1822, from Mr. Poletica to Mr. Adams especially shows tliai the long controversy from 1^22 to 1868 bct'veen the liussian and American (loverninents was not contincd, as the Committco of Marine and Fisheries says, " to that section of the coast and waters of the North Pacific Ocean between the .'ilst parallel of north latitude and Mount St. Ellas and east of the 1 4 1st meridian," since in it, after eiilcavouring to prove the title of Russia to the north-west coast of America from Ueiiring's Stiiiiis to the filst degree of north latitude, Mr. I'oletiea says : — "In the same manner the great extent of the l^icific Ocean at the 41st degree of latitude cannot invalidate the right which Russia may have of considering that part ot ilie ocean as dose. Hut as the imperial Government has not thought fit to take lulvantage of that riglit, all further discussion on this subject would be idle." Reference can again be made to the letter ot Mr. Adams to Mr, l'oietica,§ wherein he slated ;— " With regard to the suggestion that the Russian GoTcrmnent might have justified ilic exercise of sovereignty over the I'aeitic Ocean as a close sea because it claims territory li'ith 1)11 its .\mcricaii iiud Asiatic shores, it may siilliee to say that the distance from siiore lo shore on this sea in latitude f)l" north is not le.sa than '.)()' of longitude, or 4,000 miles.'' And III tlie letter of Mr. Adi\ms to .Mr. Middlcton,!! the .Vmerican Representative in Ihissiii, wherein he remarks : — " From the teiiour of the Ukase, the pretensions o'' the Imperial Government extend [1281 • Mnreli 110, \»H'i. t " Kent's Cntmnoiilnrigs,' v(il. i, |)|). 'Jit and 30, l.llli »(lilion. I Mr, Ailnm* to Mr. I'nli'ticn, Fclinmry '25, 182'J. § Min-cli 2U, IS 1:2. II July 'i'i, l6'i:U SMS 268 to nn oxclusivo territorial jurisdiction from the; 4r)tli flrgrcc of north latitude, on tlip Asiatic coast, to the latitude of 51" north, on the western coast of the American continent, and they assume the riirht ol interdicting the navigation and the tisiiery of ail other nations tu the extent of 100 miles from the whole of that coast. "The United States can admit no part of these claims. Their right of navigatioii and of fishing is perfect and has heen in constant exercise from the earliest times, after the Peace of 1783, throughout the whole extent of the Southern Ocean, subject only ti) the ordinary exemptions and exclusions of the territorial jurisdictions, which, so tar as Russian rights are concerned, are confined to certain islands north of the lyoih degree of latitude and liave no existence on the continent of America." Subsequently Mr. Forsyth, Secretary of State at Washington, wrote Mr. Dallas,* from which is evtractcd the following ])assage: — " The United States, in agrcein;; not to form new establishments to the north of latitude .04° 4(1' north, made no acknowledgment of the right of Russia to the territory above that line. If such an admission had bci n made, Rus^iil, by the same construction of' [\w Article referred to, must have acknowledged the I'ight of the United States to the territory south of the designated line. Unl (hat Russia did not so understand the Article is conclusively proved by her having entered into a similar Agreement (182.j) with (Jieiit Britain, and ha-ing, in fact, acknowledged in that instiument the right of possession ot the same territoi'v by (ireat Britain. The United States can only be consideved ii,« acknowledging the right of Russia to ae(|uire by actual occupation a just claim to unoccupieil lands above the latitude 54° 40' nortli, and even this is mere matter of inference, as the Convention of ISSt contains nothimr more than a negation of the right of the United States to occupy new prMuts within those limits. " .Admitting that this inference is just, and was in contemplation of the parties to the Convention, it cannot follow that the United States ever intended to abandon the just right acknowledged by the 1st Article to belong to them under the law of nations, to fre(|uent any part of the unoccupied coast of North America for the purpose of fishing nr trading with the natives." The Committee having endeavoured to show that the correspondence between 1822 down to the Treaty of Cession with Russia had no reference to Rehring's Sea, were compelled to reconcile with their contention the opinion of Mr. Secretary Houtwcll, of the Treasury Department at Washington, given on tlie !)th April, 1872, wherein he held that tlx! taking of fur-seals was not unlawful unless attempted within a marine league of the shore. Accordingly, Mr. Boutwell was called upon to explain his [)reviou8 letter, and thi» he has attempted to do.f It will be o!)served, however, that, while Mr. Boutwell now claims that his letter (if 18/2 referred only to that jiortion of the Pacific south of the Aleutian range of islands, the letter is in reply to a direct (juestion from the Collector ut San Francisco, founded upon an extract from a ncwspa|)er. 'I'his newspaper expressly states that parties in Australia are fitting out for nn expedition for the capture of fur-seals " in Rehring's Sea." The CoUecfor incloses tills extract to Mr. BontwcU, and suggests tiiat, as the seals reach St. I'aul and St. (jeorge Islands uniformly l)y the C)"nimak Pass and through the narrow straits near that piisii, that a cutter be placed in the rcijion of Ounimak Pass, where it could render most eflicienl service in preventing foreigners slaughtering fur-scale in the water on tluir way to tile islands. .Mr. Routwell's lettir eonveved his ii|)ini()n that a Revenue cutter could not protect the seals in llie narrow pass rel'errc'l (o,. since tliey went in pairs or singly and not in droves, ami ei)ver((l "'a large region of water in tlieii' homeward tra\el to these islands," and he added : " I do not see that the United States would have the jurisdiction or power lo drive nil' parties g.'ing up there foi thai purpose unless they made such attempt within a marine league of the sliorc." It is inipo-siiile, in the ligiit of the present contention ol the United State, to suppose that Mr. Routweil did not know that the slaugliter of the seals in the waters ol the Rilirin'jV Sea was the leer of (be colleelor and (hat (lie suggestion of the latfer was to prevent foreign vessels pursuing seals tlirougii the pass in (piestion.+ Nolwilhstanding (his explanation, it is to be observed (hat no vessel of any kind «us ever sei/ed by the American (iovcrnmeut tiir violation of ■■ection llc'ifi, Ueviscd Stalutis before meiifioned, niidl |SH4, when oiilside of (he .i-iiule limit in Reliring's Sea. The list ol seizures produced before the Committee is hereto appended. § * Novimlicr .'l isa?, * H"i)"rt 1 (' Coniniitluf mi Mniiiic lunl I i.lnrli"., p. 19, fill t'i)nKri'«», HPb ion 5, Nn, .TRM.I, Apppiulix (!'). I A|ipoiiilix (d). § AppenilU (C). 269 The Minister of Marine and Fislieries feels assured tliat arguments such as he lias referred to cannot do more than ags^ravate the situation and expose the weakness of a (laiiii of jurisdiction wiiich for nearly three years tlie Oovernment of the United States liiivc lii"'u permitted to ;uaintain against the interests and ritfhts of IJritisli sui)jects. It is to he regretted that some of the leading Representatives in the Canadian I'nrliaiiicnt iiave already heen induced to express tlie opinion tliat tiie Britisii Governnient would not actively protect the rights of British subjects resident in Canada in cases wherein tlie United States were concerned, and while he, the Minister, believes such o|)inion to he entirely erroneous and unfounded, lu; desires to ex[)ress the hope that these extreme views may he in nowise strengthened by any unnecessary fielay in vigorously and tffectively pressing the Canadian claims against the American Governmeut for the illegal and uiijustiti,d)l(> action now under consideration. The record of the claims having heen coni[>lete(l on tlie ]'2lh day of January, 1888, anJ tlien forwarded to the Imperial authorities, the Minister recommends that Her iMiiji'sty's (jovernment be urged to take such further steps as will promptly secure from the G()vermr?eiit of the United States not only full and ample re|)aration for the loss and (laiiuigc sustiiir, 'd, hut also a comjilete and immediate retraction of the claim of that Louiitry to ex'-rcise exclusive jurisdiction over the watem of the Heliring's Sea Tlie Committee concur in the foregoing resume and reconvrendalion of the Minister of Marine and Fisheries, and they advise that your l"'xcellency he moved to forward a cojiy ot this Minute, together with the inelosures, to the Right Honourable the Secretary of State for tlie Colonies. Tlie Committee further advise that the High Commissioner for Canada he directed t(i place himself in personal communieatiun with the Seei'ctary of .'^late. so as to afforrl hini any further information that may be desired, all which is I'espectfiilly submitted for vour Kxcellencv's a|iproval. (Signed) JOHN J. McCiKl':, Clerk, Priii/ Council, A 1' 1' K N u I c E s . r>Mh Conf/nKX, 2ml Semon, IT. I!. VlV.Vl.—(Rqwt No. 'Sm'i.) Im the IIousf or I!i:pi!f.sk\t.vtives. Jiinunrif LI9, 1889. — Itciiil twice, recDiiiniittrd to tlii^ Cuniiiiiltci' on Mcnliaiit Marine iiiul Fisheries, ami oplereil to lie ]iiiiileil, .Mr. iMuiii, I'nim tiie CuiumittGO on ^[el■clllWlt JIuriiie aiiil I'islierius, nimrteil llie follo\( inn Bill :-- .( llill til Aniniil Sti'/iiiii 1!I().T (/ tlir Itirini'il S/iiliilfs, ami la jiriin'd- far thf biihr I'l-nliiiinii nf Ike Fin .V,y(/,< ((//(/ i^iilmiiii Ji'in/ii'riiii (if Alimku, ami J'nr ulliir J'lii'/ifimx. 111! 11 eimeleil, liy llie Senate ami House ul' liepres«iitalives nf llie I'uileil Sliites nf .Viiieiifii in L'lliLrress assenilileil, Ihal .', „ „ „ "Katnand Anna" . Ditto Ditto. ., 18, „ ,, „ "San Jose" .. Ditto l)i;'o. .. 25, „ " Allie I. Algar " . . Revenue st'-auiiT " Rear" Captain \V. A. Ilealy. „ ».'>, „ British schooner " Ada" Ditto Ditto. Sept. 2, „ American schooner "Sylvia Handy " .. For violation of Section 1961 R. S.— Ditto Ditto. June 30, 1887 American schooner " Challenge " Revenue sti'nmer " Rush " ,, Captain L. G. Shi'pard. Appendix (D). Ertractjrom the Report of the Governor of Alaska far tkcfimil year 188Sea will swarm with sealing-vessels from liritish Cidiimbia and our own ports, luiil unless measures are taken to stop them at the threshold, incaleulable damage is likely to be done to the rookeries. The views I entertain concerning what I believe to be the had policy of leasing the islands, do not liliml nu- to the fact that heri^ is a mo.st valiialile interest which it is the iluty of the CTOvernmeiit to piiiteiit liy every legal means in its |iower; it matters not whethiu' the iircsent .system be contiiuted, or whullicr some other and less objectionable plan of dealing with it \\t: adopted. In view of the t!.\isting imja'cssion and the probability cif a much more determined and destructive will laing made against thi! seals ne.xt summer than was ever liel'ore attempted, it is very ilesirable that till' iiujicy and ih^lermiuation ol the Government in the matter of their protection shoulil be speedily ami linally announced. Appendix (E). President Harrison's Proclamation ac/ainst nnlaiiful Itunlini/ on. Alaska. lly the President of the United States of America ; A Proclamation. THE folldwing provisions of the laws of the United States are hereby published for the informa- tiuii (if all concerned : — Section I'.lji; Jlevised .Statutes, chapter ,'(, title 2, enacts tlial : "No ])erson shall kill any otter, mink, martiMi, sable, or fur-seal, or other fur- williin the limits of Alaska Teriitory, or in the waters thereof; and every jiersmi gnil (or i';iih otleiice be lined not less than 'illD nor nuu'e than l,IK)() ilollars, or imprisoiuM six months, or both ; and nil ve.s.sels, their tackle, apparel, furniture, an( .lime in eaeli year, the fur-seal, in llieir nii;,'ration fiDiii the siailhwaril to St. Paul and .St. (leor^'e Isliimls, iinit'oniily niuve through Oniniak l':iss in large ;!iiiiiliiis, and also through the narrow straits near that pass whieli se])arato several small islands from Alnitiiiu group. "The iihject of these several expi'ditions is unipiestionalily to iiiterreiit the fur-seals at these naiTiiW ]iiissages during tin; ]ii'viod iilune iiientioni'd, and tliere, liy means of small boats manned by -kilful Indians or Aleutian hinders, make indiseriminad.' slaughter (if thosi! animals in the water, after till' iiiiiiiiier i.f hunting sea-otters. "The evil lo he apprehended frmn siirh prm-iTdings is iinl sn mneh in respeet nf the luss resulting iroiii the destruetion (if the seals at tlmse ]ilaccs falllinugli the killing of (?:ich female is in elfeet the (li'^trintiiin of twe seals), hut tint danger lies in divciting these animals from their accustomed conrHe til tin; Islands of Si. I'aul mid St. ( leorge, their only haunts in the Tinted States. "It is ludieved by those wIki have made the jieciiliar nature and habits nf these animals a study lli:it if they are by iiny means seriously (hverled limn the line iqimi which they have been acenstoinej ic iiiiivc nnrthwaiil in their ])assiige to these island-, there i- '.rrcat danger nf their seeking other Iciiuits, and shniild this eceiir the natural seledidii would be Kdinaiiddrsky Islands, which lie just .i]i]iii-ile the I'ribiilnv griiuii, near the Cdiist (if Kaiiisi'halka, nwned by Itiis-ia, and are now the haunts iif fm-seals. ■'Tliiit the successful piMseciition of the iiiiove-mentidiied .sehenies wniild liavit the elfeet to drive the scids liom their aeciistdmed (Miiirse there cm liii im ddiibt. Considering, therefdre.aldiie the danger uiiicli is here tlireateiie(l lo the interest nf the ( ld\ I'rnment in the seal fisheries, and the large annual ivvciiiie deriveil frnin the same, I have the hdiidiir tn sii^'^est, fur the cdiisidcratidii nf the Ilniidnrabh; SciTctary of the Treasury the iiuestidii whether the .\ct df the 1st duly, lH7l», relating tn those lislicries. decs iKil authdiize his interference by means of Kevcinie cutters to jireveiit fureigners and iitlicrs liiim diiing such an irreparabh; mischief U> this valuable interest. Slmuld the Ildiidurable Si'civtdiy deem it expeilienl td send a ciilter intd these waters, I wniild resiieclfully suggest that a stciiia-cutler Wdiild be able to render the must elllcient service, and that it shniild be in tlie region ot Oiiiliiak I'ass and St, I'aul and Si. (ieoige Ishmds by the 1."itli df next May. " I am, very respectfully, (Signed)' "T. (!. I'UEJ.VH, Collector.'' E.itrnrt from Sfiii Fninriirn " Doili/ C/ivonidr," Mmrli 21 l^l'l. 'It is sIiiIimI in reliable eommercial circles that parties in Anslrelia ji'e ]ire|iariug to fit out an (■\|icililioii I'lir the capture (if fur-seals in I'lehring's Sea. The )iresent high prices nf fur-.seal furs in l.diiduii mid the Kurdpeaii nmrkets has iicicd pnwerfully in stiinulaling enterprises of a like ('haractor. bill a few days ago we iiicnlinned that a Victnrian ( 'duipany was organizeil fdr ciilching fnr-seals iu the .\'"illi I'iicilic. Another |iarty — an agent reiiresenting Sdine HcVstern capitalists — Iims bi!en in this city I"!' the past week making iiicpiiries as to the Tea ibility df drganizing an expedition Ibr like purposes." S. BOOTl^'KLU " Mr, Bonlwill in Mr. Phrlps. "Sir, " Trrnain-!/ Depart menf, WaMnijton, D. C, April 19, 1872. "Vdiir letter of the 2.'ith nltiiiid was duly received, calling tint attentinn of thi; Departtneut to certain rumours circulating in San Vnineiseo tn the elfeet that expeditions are to start from Australia ;iiiil the Hawaiian Islands to take fur-seals on their annual migration to the Islands of St. Paul ami St. George through the narrow |iass (if Oniniak. Ymi recommend — to cut ofl' the possibility of i-vil resulting to the interests of the Uiiiled States from these expeditions — that a lieveuue cutter lie sent to the region of Oniniak Pass by the Ifith May next. "A very full conversation was had with Cajitain I'.ryant uiion this subject while, he was at the Department, and he conceived it to be entirely impracticable to make such an expedition a liaying one, iiui.-iiiiuch as the .seals gn singly or in jiairs. and imt in ilnives, and cdver a large region of water in their iKMiiewiird travel to these islmids, and he did nut seem Id fear thai the seals wduld be driven from their aciusldiiied resorts, even were such attempts made. "In iiddition, I dn not see that the riiiled Sl;iles wnuld have llie jurisdictidii (ir ]idwer to drive tilT parties gdiiig up there for that purpdse, unless they made such allemiit within a marine league of tlin shore. " As at present advised, T do not think it expeilient In carry out yunr suggestions, but I will thank you to communicate to the l)e]iartnieiit any further facts or informalidu j'oii maybe able to gather upon the subject. " I am, very rosiiectfully, (Signed) "(iKoiaiio S. BOUTWKLI,, .^ircrii^ary." 'olkrtor't Offict, No. 202. Colonial Office lo Foreign Office — [Received August 3.) Downing Street, August 3, 1889. Sir, I AM directed l)y Lord Kiinfsf'ord to trniismit to you, to be laid bet'orc tiie Marquis ol Sniisbtiry, an extract of a letter trom the High Commissioner tor Canada respeclinn; tlie alicsed seizure of the " Black Diamond " in Behring's Sea. [12b] 2 N 274 Lord Knutsford feels assured that tlie subject will receive the careful and earlv consideration of Lord Salisbury. I am, &c. (Signed) R. H. MEADE. Inclosure in No. 202. Tfie High Commissioner for Canada to Lord Knutsford. (Extract.) 9, Victoria Chamhers, Westminster, August 2, 1889. REFERRING to the interview willi which I was iavourod by Lord irfalisbury, your- self, and Sir Julian Pauncefote yesterday, I beg to inclose cuttinjis from the London "New York Herald,"* and "Daily News "f ol to-day. wliicli sei'in to leave no doubt that the seizure of the Britisili schooner the " Black Diamond " took place in the open waters ot Behring's Sea, and is therefore in direct violation of the engajrcnient made by the United States that no more seizures of British vessels siiould take place pending a settlement of the present controversy. No. 20;). Foreign Offivv to Colonial Office. Sir, Foreign Office, August '>, 1889. I HAVE laid before the Marcpiis of Salisbury your letter of tlu- .'^rd instant, with its inclosures, addressed to Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies by the High Commissioner for Canada, calling atleiuion to tlio reported seizure in Behring's Sea of the British schooner " Black Diamond " bv the United States' Revenue-cutter " Rush." It appears from the newspaper cuttings forwarded hy Sir C. Tuj)per, that despatches from British Colombia, giving details of the case, have ari'ived at Ottawa, and Lord Salisbury thinks that it would be desirable to obtain by cable some otHcial statement ot' the case from the Canadian Government I'cfore telegraphing to Her Majesty's Representa- tive at Washington. I am to point out that everything seeais to depend in this case on tiie precise position of the "Black Diamond " at the time of seizure. Lord Salisbury would also be glad to be furnished with the details of the case of tlie "Triumph," to which allusion is made in the newspapers, but of which no information has reached the Foreign Ottice. The original inclosures accompanying your letter are returned herewith. 1 am, Hic. (Signed) T. V. LISTRR. No. 204. Colonial Office io Foreign Office. — (Received August 9.) Sir, Downing Street, August 8, 1889. WITH reference to your letter of the .^tb instant respecting the seizure of the '• Hliirk Diamond" in the Behring's Sea, 1 am directed bv Lord Knutslbrd to transmit to you, lor the information of the Mai(piis of Salisbury, a co[)y nf a telegram which was addressed to the Governor-(;eneral of Canada on the receipt of your letter, together with a copy of one received this day from Lord Stanley of Preston in reply. I am, &c. (Signed) JOHN BllAMSION. Inclosure 1 in No. 204. Lord Knutsford to Lord Stanleij of Preston. (Telegraphic.) Downing Street, August 6, 1889. SEIZUKE of " Black Diamond " and " Triumph." Telegraph at once full inforiua. tion, specifying jirccise point where seized, and all the facts connected with these cases. Au^usi '■! t August 2, 1111(1 " Sl.iiiiliird " ot sanii' ilino Not piiiitpii 275 Inclosure 2 in No. 2C4. Lord Stanli'i) of Preston to Lord Knutsford. (Tclesniphic.) August 7, 1889. CASKS of " Black Diamond" and "Tiiumph." Newspaper reports appear substantially correct. Acconiing to private telei,'ram from Victoria, seizure of " lilack Diamond" 70 miles fioiii liuui. I have not yet received from Ottawa otficial ileport asked f )r by telegram. No. 20.'). Colonial Office to Foreign Office, — {Received August 9.) Sir, Downing Street, August 9, 1889. WITH reference to your letter of the ISth April last, requesting to ho supplied with infbriiiation as to the oxt^ it to which vessels belonging to British Columbia were engaged ill scai-liunting in Bcliring's Sea prior to 188G, I am directed by Lord Knutsford to tiaiisinit to you, to be laid before the .Martpjis of Salisbury, a copy of a despatch from the Gove riinr-General of Canada, with its inclosures, upon the subject. 1,01(1 Salisbury will observe that the last sub-inclosure to this despatch tends to show that the shooting of seals in the o|)en sea is not the wanton and wasteful destruction of jcul life which it is allcgiul to be by the authorities of the United States. 1 am to request that the inclosures to the (rovernor-Getieral's despatch, which are l'i)r\viii(k'd in original, may be returned to this Department when they have been printed at tile Forei"n Otfiec. I am, &c. (Signed) EDWARD VVINGFIELD. Inclosure 1 in No. 205. Lord Stanley of Preston to Lord Knutsford, My Lord, New Richmond, P.Q., .My 20, 1889. WITH reference to your Lordship's despatch of the 27th April last, transmitting a cnpy ol a letter from the Foreign Office recjuesting to be supplied with information as to till' extent to which vessels belonging to British Columbia were engaged in seal-hunting in Ik'hr'ng's Sea prior to 1880, I have the honour to for^vard herewith a copy ot an ap|irovccl i\Iinute ot' the I'rivy Council concurring in a Report of tny Minister of Marine ami Fisheries on the subject. I have, &c. (Signed) STANLEY OF PRESTON. Inclosure 2 in No. 20.'). Report of (I Committee of the Honourable the Privy Council, approved by his F,xc"llency the Governor-General in Council, June 29, 1889. Tl I Vj Committee of the Privy Council have had under consideration a despatch iliitcd the 27th April, l>8!t, from the Right Honourable the Secretary of State for the Colonies, requesting information as to the extent to which vessels belonging to British Columbia were engaged in seal-hunting in Bchring's Sea prior to 188G. The Minister of Marine and Fisheries to whom the despatch was referred states that unlii the return of the sealing fleet, which some time since cleared from British Columbiii u|)()ii its annual sealing voyage, he is viable to furnish complete information upon the lai'ly history of tlie seal industry in the North Pacific Ocean and Behring's Sea, so far as it rtlatcs to vessels belonging to JJritish Columbia. The Minister desires, however, to call attuiilion to the Customs records at Xictoria, ihitish Columbia, from which it appears that the schooner "Kate," .'iS tons, Dutch Harry, master, H. Ogilvie, navigator, went to liciiring's Sen in 180.") and again in 18(jG upon a sealing voyage. Tlic Minister observes that it is to be remembered that the sealing industrv was carried on by Biitish Columbian vessels, in the waters of British Columbia on the north and north-western coast, us well as in the North Pacific Ocean and Behring's Sea, the [128] 2 N 2 T •276 seals at certain times of the year spreading ^vcr these waters and being captured in great numbers at different points. In 1 880 the fur-seal trade of tlie Hritish Columl)ia Coast was of great importance. Previously, and even then, it \v;is difficult to obtain absolutely correct Returns regardiii;; it, but it was estimated that 20,000 skins were obtained in the immediate neighbourhood of Vancouver Island alone during that season. There were engaged in this fishery in that year tlie following Britisii Columbia vessels, sailors, and hunters : — Vessels. Tonnage. Sailors. Hunters. I'avorite 79 5 40 Omviird !i5 4 30 Tlioriiton 35 4 24 Anna Beck 50 5 32 Wanderer 16 i! 16 Alert 30 3 32 Winil'red Employing '.)3 caiioes. 1.5 3 12 ] 200 27 186 It will be observed that of these vessels a number were, in 1886 and 1887, seized by the United States' Government in Beiuing's Sea, and form the subject of the claims now being ])ressed. In ihe season of !s81 between i:],000 and 14,000 skins, worth from JSO.OOO dollars to 180,000 dollars, were obtained by the following British vessels : — Vessels. Tonnage. Sailors. Hunters. iiuiians Miccess, An;ja Heck . . 50 6 32 Pacific < Tlioiiiton 35 5 24 Th Ti iun-.pli 18 3 12 Office, I Winifred 15 3 12 Her Ma Onward . 35 4 32 Klack Diamond 80 5 36 |)assage Juanita 80 5 36 "'J Favorite 80 5 30 force fo Mary Ellen . . 65 5 44 siiiiile ii ^ In bearing Kate 55 5 24 292 483 46 Aineriea Employini; 14('> canoes. United . In the next season the catch was valued at 177,000 dollars and the following vessels were engaged in this pursuit : — Vessels. J Tonnage. 1 Sailors. Hunters. (iraee 80 5 30 Uol|)liin 1 80 'i 36 .Juiinita 50 ■1 32 W. P. Savrtard 75 4 32 Tavorite 1 80 5 32 Mary lOllen , . ' 65 5 36 Kate 65 4 28 Onward 35 4 32 ISlaek Diamond 80 4 32 Winifred 15 2 12 Anna Heck . . 50 4 32 TliDrnlKn . . 35 4 28 Alfred Adunis 75 4 32 776 54 400 Kniploying 200 cnnoes. 277 And in JSSJi the following vcsfels from British Columbia pursued this indwsliv Vessel 'J'onilil; S liloiH. lIiinUiK. W. P. Saywiud Kavoi ill' . , .Mary Ellen . . Kate Omvnrd lilaek Dianiiind Winifred , , Thmnton Allied Adams Anna lieck . . Employint; 118 eaiiocs. '■') 4 .•)■-• so S .•!2 or, s ■m; r,r, 4 2S 35 4 ".2 80 4 32 15 2 12 35 4 28 75 4 32 SO 4 32 505 •10 200 Appaicntly and in the absenre o| more definite information at this moment available ill the continual pursuit of tiieso seals, it was after this that fur-seals wen; systematically fuii?ht in the Behring's Sea .» well Ut in the X(jrth Pacific Ocean by British sealers, for it IS fonnd that in 1884 Dauiel and Mexiniler Mcl.car, both British subjects, look the American schooner "Sau Diego" to Ik'hring's Sea, and that they were successful in the seal fishery. On their return tlu v puichased the i'ritish schooner " Mary Kllcn," 03 tons, ami chartered the schooner " Favorite," 80 tons, and with white crew, white hunters, and liiclians cleared from Victoria for Behring's Sea in IPS'.. \\l)ere they met with rej)eated Micccss, returning to Victoria before 1886 and clearing in 1886 again for the North Pacific Ocean and Behring's Sea. The jMinister further observes that attention is drawn in the leltei' from the I'oreign Ofiice, now under consideration, to the statement of Mr. Bayard in a letter adtlressid to Her Majesty's Minister at Wasiiington on the 12th April, 188", in which tiie following |)assage occurs : — "The Laws of the United States regulating the l it hy h'ussia, 1 can only iviterate that ]iart ol' my last Annual lli|iiiil in wliirli 1 essayed, rather I'eelily I fear, not only to show the necessity of such a ]Miliry to the [iivM ixatimi (if the sca-fiir industry, hut the wroiii; its aliandonment would inllict upon tlie very iiiii.--iilcralile niiinher of native pcuple who wlmlly or in lai'i;e ]iait depriid upmi it fur a livelihood, and «liiiiii, it aiipears to me, it is the duty of the (Iciverninent to |irotect. In view of the fact that the seizure nf these vessels and tliiar forfeiture has raised an international i|iiestiiiii of nrave inipiirtiince, I have tliou;ilit it prnper to include with tiiis lleiiurl a cii|>y of the hrief .ed Stainless, and all tending', if allowid to eonlinue. to drivi> the seals fnini Uicii reitular hannls." A|i|iendi.\ j\o. 4, Ward III I Ill's " Tiifi III ^lliislii," /I/). 1 1(1 mill 1 17. (I'ulilishcd al r,os|,,ii and Xew Vork in 18S4.} SI'",A OTTF.I! ISl.ANI). '.y'nv^ ahonl ."> miles soudiwardly from Si. Paul'.:, is another landinLi-placc Imi' llie fur-seal, hut oidy to a limiled oxicMil. dwini;' to tin- Tact that it is not jiermanently iMlialiilcd,soiiii' inarau. Kiiriirl from Ihiiifn H.ifin I i I'l Ihiriiiiinih. 'Iml Si.^siwi, 'i^lli C'mii/ir.i'i, 1884-85, ml. I'll. Lctlir frniii thf ffirivl n ni uf llir TrfiiniiVji nlnlin- In lln- I'mlrclinii. nf Snil rinil Kii/iirirnini/ of f.iiir^ in Ahiil.ii, mill irriiiiiiiii'inliiii/ mi ii/ijii-D/ii'iiiliuii nf L'."i,l'iiO ilnllnrn Jnr llic /I'civiinr Mmini- Sirriir in tlml Tin-ill, I'll. I'lliiifini U4, I8l..',, (Kx, Koe. \o. L'.V.', 4'-tth (;iir,Mre.ss, 2nd Session.) riF.VKNn', M.MiINi; Skiivici:. — In this lounection I liey to cull the atlenlion of ( 'oni,'rcss In llu' imjiortance of the wurk performed in .Maska liy the IJevenue cutters. Tlie .seal lisherie^ \ii'lil auanally to the (lovernmenl. a revenne of aliouL ;'iil(i,Oilll dollars. Tla^ islands on whieh I he seals aie laki'ii are ]M'oleeIed fruni iiicursiniis of maraudinj,' '-essels alone throu^^h the enii/.iuj,' of the lliveini'' cutters. .\ppendix Xo. li. Itijiinl iij tlir Ci'i'ili iif l/ii: Jiii'i'iiiii' .Umiiif Sliiiiiii'r " I'mii'in in llir i/mi' l8,S."i. (Kx. l>oe. No. I.-..",, imh ( 'oneness, Isl Session. \>. l."i.) ox our arrival al Oinialaska on llie l.'.ili. Ihe sleamei- "Dora" was in | nil, and three days liilii the schooner " Maltie Turner " anixcd. Tiie ■Turner" repoited liav Inn seen, lliree weeks piwieiis :i schooner liclwi'eii the seal islands and diiiiala-k ml lliiMi'.ilil she niiylil slill lie erui/iii'^ in lli.i; vicinity for Ihe purpose ol' killini,' seals. .Vppcndix N'li. 7. ■N'lr Viid- /lir.ilii;' .Ii'i,r7. 188'.>. Mil. lii.AiNK's ■ Kmij.vkiiassmkm.s."- -Tl Tiiliuuc" ailmils lliat ihe " Herald " is ri^hl uIu'M ii iissnmes thai the Slate I leparlmeiit will I mlianassed hy Ihe aetioii <<( Ihe previous Adiiiini.stratioii in dealing willi Ihe llehrinn's Sea ipii'siiim, 'I'hat is 111 say, Sccivlary lllaiiie. if lie uiidn lakes lo nc,i,'otiule with Knuland on the tlieory llwl Hehrin^'s Sea lielween the sirails and the .Meiiliau Isliiuds is a hind-locked or clo.sed sea, will l'<' conl'ronleil with rcceni eoiil'essiuns hv Mr. liayaid thai il is an open .simi, and that its IHlieries arc In !» rcj^nlaled hy intc'rnationiil action of llie leading Marili'iic Powers. Very true. It is less tliaii two years MJiice Sei letary liayard iuvitoil a numhur of '' eigii 1'"'^^^^" into some arrnnycmeiit willi the rni'|i;d Slales for Hie prolecliiai of Ihe jlehriiig'.s Heal ' vien. 'Iw" 281 ff.is ii distinct admission on the part of tliis Government, and a specific aniiouncemont to the Powers iiililiessed that tlie United States did not claim exchisivo jurisdiction over the waters, nor assume any txcl' !ve rifjht to re;;\ihite tlie fisheries. And in keeping with this view was the action of the (Jovern- im'iit ill iirderinj,' the rehiase of the Canadian sealers seized by uur crui/ers. Of course all this will iirnmiitly and with reason lie cited againat Secretary lilaine if he now al)andons the ])ositiou and iiii(KMiiiki's to maintain the contrary. jiat this is not all that will bo I'iteil against the .Secretary to his "embarrassment.' He will be rtiiifrniitcd by tile fact that the United States more than sixty years ago eiiiphatieally denied the claim (if Itussia to exclusive Jurisdiction, and never conceded that claim while liiissia owned Alaska, He will 111' conlVonted by the fact that this (lovernnient asserted a similar ]irinci[)le in tlie ca.se of tlio Itliuk Sea and that of the lialtic. }le will further lie confronted by the geogra])liical fact tliat ilfiirinu's Sea is an open sea, and by the utdvei'sal princiide of international law that an open sea laiiiiot be (iwued or controlled by one nation without the con.sent of other nations. Lastly, llr. Dlaine nill lie "eiiibarras.sed" by the fact that he is the tirst Secretary of State to advance the claim that lnlii'iii',''s Sea is a cliwed sea, subject to the control of the United States. lint, says our routemporary. President llarrison's rec'ent Pniclaniation, whicli is based on the Act iif (jin;.iiess of the L'r.d March, UiM9, "embodies the cliiim to exclusive juri.sdicticm." Well, sujipose it iliH'S. That cannot hidp Mr. lilaine nuich in his I'ontroversy with I'jiglaiid. A claim asserted by I'miu'ii'-i^ III' the {'resident, or both, has no more international force than a claim asserted by the State lliHHtliielit. liat does till! Act of (.'caigress of the 2nd March, on which the {'resident's I'mclaniation rests, ;i"eit the right of control over liehring's Sea ; It asserts the right of eontrul over "all the dominion 1,1'tlii' Uniteil States in tlie watei's of liebring's Sea." Xow the extent of tlie dominion uf the I'nited .•itati-'s ill tliose waters is the very ]ioint in issue. The jirevious Act |)assc;d iii ISdS, iniiiiediately after till- ]iiiivl ia.se, ap] died to " the waters of Alaska." If the Amendatory Act ol' IXS'.) was intended to ;i«i'rt ii larger domain than that of ISdH, to declare in faviair of exc'usive juri.sdictiim, will not Jli, Uliiiue he also confronted with the argument that this (daim was not as.serted by Congress (ill this VKll' f lliiwi'ver, we hojie that Mr. Pilaine will be able to overcome his nuniy " embarra.ssments " in the eiiiliiiveisv, and to satisfy {'liigland and the other I'oweis interested that his claim is well grounded. IVIiriiig's Sea is a great body of water, and its tishin'ies are very valuable. If we can secure control of il with foreign consent, so much the ln'tter for us. jlut it looks as if Mr. {■ilaiiie liad a big undertaking ii!i his hiinils. " Nur Yi'd- ITii-iilil," jVii// L".i, IHH'.). Tin; {>i:i!lil\(;'s Sk.V (,)rF,sTiox. — So it seems .Secretary I'daiiie ha.s decided that lii'liriiig's Sea is a .fi'i/v rluiiKdiii, or clo.sed sea, over which the United SlatcH lias exclusive Jurisdiction and absolute control. No one, native or alien, but the Alaska Coinpany is to be allowed to cat''h seals in tliose wiiti'i's, and any ve.ssel, American (u- foreign, found violating this prohibition is to be seized. Can Mr. lUaiiie successfully inaiiilain this claim in tht' diplomatic controversy wliich its iiiiiiouiiieiuent must ]irovoke ? Can our (lovernnient undertake lo eiifia-ce it without inviting u |iiivi;;ll w;ir f The claim is against nuiver.sally recognized principles of international law. It is opposed to the li;iililiiiiis and prcci'dents of our own Goveriiiiient. Il is contrary to the record of (he State Dejiart- iiu'iil nil this very ipiestion as recently as the administration of Mr. I'ayard. Ill the law of nations no jirinciph' is more settled than that tin' high seas are the |iublie iirojierty if the world, which cannot b(! monojiolized by any one Power. As Wuolsey says ; — The high sea is free and o|ien to all nations. It cannot be the jnoperty or the eiii]iire of a piirtiiiihir Stiiti!. It eiiiinot become iirojierty, for it cannot be juissessed. It is clearly for the common '»'iii'lit of mankind. It is a common pathway, si'))arating and j'et binding, intended alike for all. It is ei|nal{y wed settled that a nation may own and exercise exclusive enutrol over a "closed SPa"— that is. a body of water eitlmr lying wholly williin, or is almost eiitirelv siinounded by, its own li'mtnvy. Tlie Jurisdiction of every country over the ocean for a marine league, or :i miles, from ila I'ua.'it i.s universally concluded. .\ glance at the Map will show that llehring's Sea is not a closed sea. It is ii vast exjianse of wilier more than 1, 000 miles wide. It is not land-locked. It is (lart of the {'aeilic (Jceaii ; it I'ornis till' wiiter higliway between that and the Arctic Oceun. 'Co (daim it is to idaim the high seas. file Stale Department nou ba.ses ils elaiiii on the riglils aeipiired fnnii IJiissia wlieii we piu'cliased .Uiiikii. '{'here can be no ipieslimi lliat the Uiiiled States succeeded to all the rights held by Kussia, lliit «h;it were iliissia's riglils It is trim that llussia claimed llehring's Sea long b(d'oi'e we bought Alaska. iSiit that country ii'ViM had any exclusive right to it, for the simple reason that il never acipiiied, and never could ii'iiuire, except by the consi-ol uf nalionn. any such riglil, '{'{lis (iovernmeni caniiol simiily fall back HI li'iissiii's claim, [twill be reipnred {ly foreign Powers to show thai llie claim is well founded, oi "'"11 it. Iliissia's claim was ni'ver nineeded by any ol her I'owei. On ibe eon'i.iry, it was emphatically lillii'il liy llie two foreign I'owers most inleresled. Il was denied by the I iiiled Stales, niid it was denied ''V lilviil Iti'ilain. Ifussiil vielde l{iis (Iovernmeni ii liimle 111 llie foil owing y •ar. ( bir I'lealv colli iliiied in force li I'realv made in I.SL.'{,and lo linglaiid in liiriliil lo IJussia llie ri'dil il claimei r only leii years, Imt we nuvur "iilvlivll llie Stale |)epiirtnien( now nnderlakes to niaiiilain Iliissia's old eliiiiii it will be confronted not le iipposi lion of Kniihind, bill also bv its own record. Jlmeover, il will run couiiler to tin iiili'iiiiiiiiiiiiil principle it has invoked against foreign Powers in iiuuierona cusuit, liiat an open soa laiiiiiii he exeluHively conlrolhid by any niition. \[2S] 2 O 282 Appendix No. 8. " Fur Sea! Fisherirs of the Pacific Coast and Alaska" THIS iiaiiijililet, in connuetion with tlie (.'liart inclosed, is designed to explain more particularly to our Eastern Senators and Conf,'ressnien the full value of the fur-seal fisheries, in order that when the (juestion of re-leasini; the fur-seal islands ol' St. Gcori,'o and St. Paid arises, they may know exactly wiiat tliey are doini;, so that they may not grant a monojioly to any firm or Company for a trifle, wliicii lias been done in the past to the Alaska C'omnieieial Company of San Franeisco. Tliest! islands are so far away from the eiustern part of our country that the <,'reat majority nl merchants and li\isiness men know comparatively nothing about this great indu.stry, and the profits connecleil with the same. The wiitei', during the past two or tiiree yeais, has met a great many eastern visitors to our coast, and wlienever the i|\iestion of the fur-seal fisheries has been brought up he finds that in all caies tliuy hav(! not the slightest idea of the .same, and whenever the value is explained, and Charts shown, sliowing just hfiw broad the claim our CJovernment ha.s taken in its jurisdiction of the Behring's Sea, in pro- tection of tlie fur-seal, or more jiarticularly jirotecting the Alaska Conimei'cial Company in their vnst moiio])oly of tlu' fur-seal fisheries, and by this monopoly enabling this Company to control nearly all of the fur trade of Alaska, they are astonished, and still nuue when it is further explained to tliem that the ]OI),000 fur-seals, as taken by the Ala.ska Commercial Com]Hiny, bring nearly 2,000,000 dollars each year, and for this privilege the fee to the United States' (ioverinnent is the snudl sura »( 200,'J8(i dol. 82 e., being the exact average amount jiaid by the Alaska Connnercial Company, and to bt paid by them (sich year, as claimed by the Alaska Commercial Company, during the twenty years of their lease. 'I'his is taken from the Alaska Conniuircial Company's own statement in their reply to Governor Swineford's charges (see p. 12 of that volume)^and these figures cannot be disputed by them— thus enabling the Company to make a clear profit of not less tlian 1,000,000 to l,2r)0,000 dollars each year off the seal islands alone. When they come to figure that this has been going on for nearly twenty years, it is easy to expl"in how they have controlled all the trade of this vast section. Evidently a stnnig ell'ort is being made by certain parties that the leasing of the fur-seal islands shall be at the diseretion of the Secretary of the Treasury to say who is the proper person to lease these islands to, and that a .^et sum shall be the specified amount for this lea.se. Iielow we copy an article cut from one of the daily popers, entitled — 77(c Sml Fisheries. (An interesting Ueport presented to i House.) th Washiiuiloa, Jtmmry 2'.'. Representative Dmm, from the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, to-day prcscnti suits of the investigation by tlu " ■" ■■' ''- ''•■•—-' '■■■■i-'-- -'• ai..,i ui ,.„ ..... . .., ....... V... v...>..>.>..v^^.^ ..11 ^.a... ( u>>i.>>b <.>.«. .im^ ...... ^ ........ v .., ... ■..-^, j-- he investigation by the Comnultee into the fur-.seal fisheries of Alaska, with spe( •efereuce to whether the Contract giving tiio Alaska Ciaumereial Company the right to take fur-seals 1 lecn violated. '' •• ' '■■' " ••' •■■■'' ■ "■" ■- *' i.:-.» < >...i < pre.sml Law- been violated. Idinn acconijianied his lieport with a Bill on the subject, it pro])oses to anieiul t pre.snil Law by providing that one year before the present h'ase to the Alaska ('omi)any exjiire.s, whtMi any future sindlar lease exjiiics, lIic Secretary of the Treasury sludl lease to the proper [K'rso the right of taking fur-seals on the Islands of St. I'anI and St. Ueorge for twenty years, at not less th .'il^llOll dollars ])er annmu, and 3 dol. "ilj c. in addition for each sealskin ship])ed from the ishur Such ItMise shall not b(^ transferable. pro])oses to anieiul the or 'rsoiu lion ands. 8(10,(100 dollars Mr. Dunn. You will also notice that it is recommended to amend the hiws so that tliu Secretary of tin? Treasury shall not only have the power of re-leasing the islands, but that this Law shall ajiply to any future lease, thereby extending (liis jiower to an unliniited extent, in fact as long as these islands are of any value for leasing. as fac Who wcadd not like to be the Secretary of the Treasury and have this power ? It would he ftlino.st :""d as having the islands thi'iu.selves. Now, wo iirolesl against such action. It shows fraud ujion its ' so plain that a blind man ought to .see through it. This Itejiorl of the 2'.ith danuary goes further on, and says; — '1^1... 1.1. .....•.« 1 ..... ; . .I....1 1 ... ' 1.. . 11 .1 1 .. t 11 1 283 contiimcil in force with certaiu amendments, believing that not only the system it adopts but the metlioils til' carrying it into effect are well adapted for the purpose indicated. la cciiiclusioii, the Committee finds tlie following facts . — Tliiit if the Law protecting seal life is enforced, the preservation of tlie st'al rookeries will he assured the revenue continued and increased, and tlie native inhabitants of the seal ishuids maintained, without cnst to tiie Governnumt ; that the Alaska Oomniercial (.'ompany has fully performed its Contract with the (iovcrnment, and has contributed liberally to the support, maintenance, comfort, and civilization of the iniial)itaiits of not only the seal islands, but to those of the Aleutian Islands, Koiliac, and the mainliiiiil ; that the fur-seal industry will have paid into the Treasury over S,OUO,00U ([(jUars during the periufl of the present lease ; that the chief object of the purchase of Alaska was the acquisition of the valiiiilile products of liehring's Sea, that at the cession of Alaska to the United fitates the Russian title to lii'liring's Sea was perfect ami undisjiuted, and that by virtue of the cession the I'nited States .itfiuii'eil complete title to all that portion of liehring's Sea situated within the limits prescribed by Treaty. In revie\ying this part of the Report we are not jirepared to say that tl " Jomjiany has not fulfilled nil of its oliligations to the (!r)vernment, certainly it should have done so with the profits connected with this monopoly. This jiart of the Report was, as we understand, the result of an investigation of the cliarges nuide by (iovernor Alfred 1'. Swineford, of Alaska, against the Alaska Commercial Conijiany. We hereby republish (Iovernor Swineford's reply, a.s jmblished in various papevs previous to this diite;— Ouvirnor Swineford's Ei'port. is easy to expl-in Till! annual l{e|iort of (iovernor Swineford, of Ahiska, on the territory and the operations of thfe Aiii-k.i (.'niumcrcial Company was laid before both Houses of Congress on the lOtli January. Till- (Iovernor realtirms aiul cnii)hasizcs the accusations heretofore made by him against the Com- imiiy ill its dealings with the natives other than those living on the seal islands. Coiu'cniing the treatment of these he has no word of complaint. He also says that the Company's ( (iiiti'iicl with the (lovernmcnt relative to the taking of fur-seal is, in his o]iinion, faithfully ob.served. Tlio Ciimpany's treatment of the maiidand natives he chariicterizes as unjust and cruel in the extreiiie. liefening to the denial of the charges against the Company in his last annual Report, he says :— " I now and here reiterate every one of tho.se charges, though I know full well that an inves- liiliitioii made by ii Committee of (Jongress, liohling its sessions in Wasiiingtoii, and calling as witnesses fiiily tliosi! who have been recijiients of the Com])any's favours, is not likely to arrive at any just con- clusiiiii as to their truth or falsity. 1 can only say that each and every statement I have made lonccrniiig the operations of the (,'om])any is su.scejitible of tlu.' clearest and most cinivinciiig pronf, but the (viiii'iice will not he fmnid lying around loose in the cities of AVa.shingtoii and Sail Kranciseo. It mu.«t lie sought for among the people who have suffered from its opiiressions ratliei' tliiin in the ]iersons of those wild have had free transpiU'tntion on its shijis and been wined and diiii'd iit the tables of its Mlhcers and agents. A Snb-Cunimittee of Congress going over the route taken liy me in the recent imize of tlic ' Thetis,' assuring the people of proteetiiai against still greater o|)|)ression after its depar- ture, will liiive no difficulty whatever in finding the evidence to |)rove the truth of every statement I liave iiiaiie." Tlie Re]iort for 1887 above referred to was ]mblished in the " Fur Trade llcview " for July 1S8V. The "Fur Trade Review" cim bi^ cibtained by addressing the publishers, Xo. 'i'y, liond Street, N'l'w York City. Ill referring to the |iiiit of this Iie])ort wln^re it is claimed that the fur-seal industry will have jiaid iiito the Treasury over H,(MI(l,l)lll) dullars during the period of the present lease, we claim this jiiirt to ln' I'iik'. The (ioverniiient lias not, and will not, have received it at the end of llie lease, and taking the Alii.ska Comniereial Company's reply to (loviU'uor Swineford's charge in referring to what they have p;iiil, till! Alaska (.'ommercial (!onipany snys : — ".As this )mrt of the subject bears upon the Coiii|Miny's reliition to the (iovernmeiit, we may lie ixiiiseil fur here calling altentitai to the fact flint the total annual tax and rental ]i!iiil by this ''"iii|iiiiiyto the I'nileil Slates from the 1st July, 1S7(I, to .\ugiist I.HH7, iiinonnts to r),o'lO,7:itj dol. 4'.t c. " Caleulatiiig that the full number of fnr-seals fur the next two vears be taken, 've will have )iaid till' full .. lliiviiig now fully shown why this Ueport, as recomnii^nded, should have no bearing — showing the fiil«it\ njijiu ,same — we will now go further, and show the value nf the eatch of the U)0,U(IU fur-.seids, as l"keii liy the Alaska (.'ommercial Company fur the year IHH,'^. We will also show nearly the actual cost nf the expense fo the Company in taking them, sending I" iiiiirhet, eiinimissions, &e. Whih' this is a diflienll mutter to do exactly, we will cunie near it, anil allow lung margins in fuvoui of this oxpousc, onongli so that It will undoubtedly leave u haluneo in their fuvoiir [128] 2 02 m III tlie tirst pliito, we taki' their average amomit paiil to the Govcrnineiit, iw per tlieii' (iwii estimate mill stalemi'iit Tiii.s must be coireut. We then take tlie iiimicy juniil to the natives lor killiii;,' iinil «kiriiiiii^' the seal. Ill their re]ily to (iovcriior .Swiiiefnrd's charge (]>. 10) they say: — "Tlieie are 87 t'ainilies nii St. Tiuil [.shind ; there are 2(1 families on St. (lei iri,'e Ishind ; iiiakint,' ll.'i tuiuilies in nil." AVe will ;T;iv(! the heiielit of 450 dollars for eaeli family, which is the hiithest price claimed as bein,;,' paid to them for their servire (."jee p. 1(1 in their reply to (iovernor Swineford's cliar!i;e\ This wiaild ,;,'ive total e.\]ienso for killing', skinning, curing, and loading into the ve.s.scl, as paid to the natives ... Tliis allows the very highest estimate jiaid for this service, according to their own Eeport. We will now make an allowance of for expense of the Coni])aiiy on the islands for the year, indejiendent of the sum paid to the natives. This is Ibr white clerk hire, insurance, and for fuel, and an abundant sujiply of salted salmon, which is given to the natives free iiiiii.i;j of Lampsmi and Co.'s i alaliipiie, ennsislinp nf '.17,871 Al.'iska fur-seal skins, suited, and L',!!.''.! .Alaska seid skins, dressed naluial, there was llMI,oii; skins, whii'h realized .'IS'.i.'.ll 1/. .'«., which, when redneed tn Cnited Stales' money on the basis of 4 dol. S4'| e. to the [lound slerlini.;, amounts to l,890,llil4 dol. 'Jil'ii'.t e,, thus briu^inj,' on an averaye IS dol. S!i-7'.l e. per skin. W'l' found that tlu'Si* .skins hrmi.jlit IJoductilig the total cost of saini' . , Leaves a not proht of Dol, c. 1,890,094 29-67 .'.59,367 93 1,330,726 36-67 fnr the yuiu- IS8S. Kifiiniiig this us general meichanls do, it makes nearly a net |proHt of 238 percent. I'll the capital invested. Talk about yoiu' sugar trust, yas stuck. Water Companies, railroads, i^c,, this liiy.'-' them all in the shade in the matter of prolils. These figures are nm mere ;iucss work, but the fuels, mill any one by foIlowin.L;' the dircetions as s;iecitied can lind vouchers fur all these estimates. llavini; now shown the value of this ]irivih'ge in a lair and business manner, we ask, is it rij;ht iiinl just to the businessmen, inerchaiils, ca[iitalisl8, and iiersons n\' ihe I'liited States whu have money 111 invest, and are more than willinj^ to invest where theit! is a icasunable chance for returns, that this |iii\ileL;e slnaild be pLiced at the discretion of one man to decide who is the proper ]iersoii to have this ]irivile;;e i Are we not rij^ht in this claim that if it is )ilaced like any other (luveinment cunlracl that r.nii,iM)il lu 8011,(1(10 dullars per year will Ik; olfercd for this privile.iic, and by parties who will give as (joiicl bunds as can be had for the fullilment of their contract '. .\niun,i,' the various methods for handling of the fur-seals, one is that the (iuxcnimeiit shall take, dmi'nc' uf this, and cuiuhict this l.iusiness so as tu derive all the lieimlil therefium, which is nut a bad "111'. .Sime wuuld say the (loveriiment cuiild nut tUi lliis. It sei.'iiis plain and easy. Let the Oo,.,.n- iiiciil lake charge of this Iteserviilion. The articles necessary to conduct the business could be bought the Slime Its it now is, with (udinary supplies, by bids. A c(aii]ielent foreinaii can be obtained iiiiiniig its oHioers to siiiierinteiid the killing and curing of the seal, as il rei|uires no greal skill to tlo this. The (lovernment sleanier " I'lear" could be used lo transiiort .8Up|ilics on its trip to llu' .Vrctie in the spring and bring back lo San l''ranciscu the seal-skins un their return lij() in the fall, thereby iiumiiif.; Iiul Utile expense, as mi bulh trijis lu mid fruin the Arctic they jiass within .")li miles ii\' Ihcso ishiliiK, The, skins euuld be Jiacked and shi)ipeil under the ]aii\ isiuu uf the ( iuvcriiment ullicials to CM. Lampson and Cu. for sale, and returns made direct lu the Treasurer of the I'liited States. This HiMiis tu be the best ami most piaclical wuy to dis[iuse of ihis francliise, thereby deriving all the hcnulits there may be in it to the tlovernineiit. The [uivilege of cunducting a general sbne on tho isliinds cuuld be .sold the .same as wilh other Ue.servalions, as ll!i families would undoubtedly supjiort uiii! giHul general merchandize store. Anuther way, whieli we think would be mueh better lor ihe iiest interest of the [leuple of tlio I'ncilic const, wfinld be n.s follows. Let the (lovernment take charge of this lieservalion, and, instead of killing 1(10,000, take .TO.OOO buals) uiid ill doing this, let the Beleutiun be luuru tliurotigh, so that the 50,(IU0 skins iiiall bo athctljr ^m choice skins, tiiat would average the highest possible price. Then abandon the present policy of claimiii},' the Behring's Sea as an inlaiul sua, wiiich cannot l)e made to stand in the end. Itestrict the killing of seal within the 3-niile or 6-niile limit, whatever is decided to lie the limit of what a nation can hold authority over the higli seas, and in this way it would promote tlie industry of private sealing to a much larger extent than it now is. A person not knowing tiie value of this industry woidd ask wherein it would be to the interest of the Pacific coast to promote the sealing industry by private individuals. Tlie answer is, tiiree-fourtlis of the money derived from the catch of the private sealer is put right into circulation in this manner ; in fact, quite a large percentage is put into circulation before the vessel leaves port. In order to make this more plain, we will give tlie detail of the private-sealer business. In the first place, a ve3.sel has to be secured, either by chartering or purcliasing. The vessels employed in this business are mostly small schooners ranging from 40 to 110 tons burden, 70 tons being a fair average for size. We will say an order is given to our ship-yards for a vessel for sealing : For a new vessel of this description of 70 tons a fair price in San Francisco is This is designed to carry si.\ otter- or sealing-boats, and a crew of twenty-one men. As soon as the vessel is received from the .sliip-yard, she has to be furnished with her anchors, chains, spare roi)es, an extra suit of sails, dishes, cooking utensils, and other articles too numeroas to mention, of whicli is a low estimate. The next item is tlie six hunting-boats, with an average of 100 dollars each A complete new outfit of guns, rifles, and ammunition, ranging from 600 to 900 dollars, according to the ideur, of the master or owner, which we will call Salt for curing the skins Then comes the item of provision.s, coal, &c., for a cruize of eight months for twenty-one men, would average The slop-chest, which consists of clothing, blankets, boots and shoes, tobacco and medicines suitable for a cruize, and which the Inw forces all masters to take, is estimated The vessel is now ready for sea except the crew. These fis a rule go on a lay, but aU being poor men, they generally have an advance paid to them, ranging from 20 to 100 dollars, and witli a crew of twenty-one men a master may be considered lucky if he gets oft' with less than advance money for his crew. Total expense to start, with DoL c. 7,000 00 2,500 00 600 00 750 no 100 on 900 on 450 00 1,200 00 13,500 00 This is as low an estimate as a vessel carrying six boats can be built and furnished for her first trip, with a reasonably fair outfit suitable to make a success of the bu.=iness. This is near the actual expense which any one would be at to engage in this business. Of course, this amount would Imme- diately go into circulation. At the present time there are about fifteen American vessels on the Pacific coast engaged in this busines;s. Now could this business lie brought up to 115 vessels, it would require 100 new vessels and outfits, which would at once put into circulation l,H.')0,flOO dollars at the lowest calculation jiossible, luid wouhl give employment to 2,100 men. We will now estimate the averap' catch of the private sealer at 10,000 dollar's each. This, one season with another, is a fair average catch, and wo\dd realize l,000,i)(iO dollars for tlie 100 vessels. The crew, at the end of the season, come in to be paid off, and, as a rule, receive one-half of the catch, which amounts to 500,000 dollars. This is put immediately into circulation, leaving the balance in the owner's hands to balance his outlay on the trip whatever net profit there may be in the business. We will say that it is divided between the 100 owners. Now tliese 100 ownera support 100 families, as a rule, and spend much more than though it was made and handled liy four or five men in a stock (Company. This explains wherein it is to the best advantage for the Pacific coast to liave this business open to any one who wished to invest in the same. It is plain to be .seen if this extra amount of business could hi' distributed on the Pacific coast between San Francisco, Portland, Port Townsend, Seattle, and other shipping points, it would promote all trade and business, with jierhaps the exception of the hack-driver ami undertaker. The Government at the same time would derive a large revenue on the sale of the 50,000 skins, enough to pay a dividend on the jiurcha.se of Alaska larger than it ever has done, and have a margin to protect the seals on their breeding grounds, which is conceded by all should be done. We understand the objection made to the ]irivate .scalers is made by tliose who xterminated liy Iniuting at sea as now done, any more than the ducks and geese can be all killed, while on their way to and from breeding grounds in the Arctic, 287 AVe often see Reports about the seal-hunters, with remarks of the way tliey capture seals, claiming that miiny were shot and wounded, and couched in the most endearing manner that the poor seals were slaughtered by the liunters with shot-gun and rifle, so as to cany tlie impression that it was the most cruul business on the part of private sealers, and a business that should not be allowed, it l)eing cruel ill the extreme and unnecessary. Wo will now turn the tables, and ask was tliere over a more cruel and brutal method invented for killiuf; dumb animals than is uow practised in killing seals on the Islands of St. George and St. Paul. Iniuyiue how these higldy intelligent animals are grad\mlly forced and driven away from the sea, their native clement, driven inland as far as deemed practical. The slaughter tlieu commences. Imagine a ^'ang of men with clubs and bludgeons knocking out tlieir brains right and left, and if the seal is not liit ritilit at tlie first blow it is followed up and slaughtered, its brains being knocked out by a clut). \\lii! can imagine a more cruel method tlian this for killing dumb animals ? Certainly the private sealer's iiictliod is the mo.st iiumane of the two. Again, it is claimed tliat many seals are sliot that sink and are lost. I'ndoubtedly there are some lost in this way, but the percentage is light, probably one in thirty or ftirty, not more than this. It is also claimed that ten are shot and wounded that die to one that is secured. This is also an error. Many seals nre shot at that are not hit at all, but when a seal is wounded, so that in the end it will die, it is most always secured by the hunter who may have to shout nt it several times in order to get it, as the seal in the water exposes only its head, and when frightened exposes oidy a small portion of that, so that, together with the constant diving of the seal, tlie motion of tlie boat, &c., makes it very hard to hit. This is wheie it is claimed that ten are shot anil woum'ed to one that is secured, but it is nearer the truth that one is lost to ten that are secured, tor the leasoii that when a seal is wounded it canncjt remain under water any length of time, and therefore the hunter can easily follow it up and secure it. We will now look at the Chart of the Behring's Sea and see on wliat grounds our Government claims this. You will notice a long chain of islands, called the Aleutian Islands, extending in the lurni of a circle to tiie westward, dividing the Pacific Ocean from the Behring's Sea. These islands ti'e unJoulitedly of volcanic formation, and while they extend some 1,200 miles to tlie westward, they do net inclose the Behring's Sea. The F.sland of Alton is our extreme western possession. The distance from the Island of Atton to Copper Island is 170 miles, and to the nearest point of the Kamchatka coast or Silieriau side. 370 miles. Now if our Government can claim and control a sea with a passage "i'(\ miles across, we want to know how she is going to do it, and on what grounds. Certainly not that it is an inciosed sea. More especially, when you again look at the Chart, you see that the Island of Atton is at the extreme end of the chain of islands, and as you follow this chain of islands back to the eastward as far as I'niinak Pass, that between these islands are wide passages, allowing vessels of the largest dimensions to pass in and out of the Behring's Sea at will, a distance of some 1,2<10 miles to the .Siberian coast, in a direct westward line. By carefully perusing this Chart it must convince the .■iceptieal that our Government has no claim to the Behring's Sea as an inclosed sea. We now come to the question of the jurisdiction of the Behring's Sea as taken by our Govern- ment, caused by the seal question. For this reason the Chart of the North Pacific Ocean and the Behring's Sea is sent to j'ou so tliat it may show just how broad the claim our Government has taken iu this matter. You will notice on the (,'hart of the Behring's Sea the line called the United States' inmijinnry boundary-line, called this for lack of no better name. Tliis line has been laid out or imagined to exist in an open sea 1,200 miles across in its widest part, something never before clairicd by any other Power in the history of the world. The imjiression has gone out that the Behring's i-'ea is an imlosed water, and iiii Did .she sell this open sea, the public highway of the whalers, for an indefinite length of time in the jia-st, to the whaling grounds in the Arctic — the highway of Knghiud via the Vukuii Ifiver to her posses.sions in the far north. She did not do it. She sohl her riijhts of the shore-line only, of which undoubtedly she had a right to do. Hussia, despots and tyrants «s tliey have proved themselves to be in all their dealings with nations and private individuals, never has and does not to this day claim or exercise jurisdiction of the Behring's Sea, except the shore-line. American, English, and vessels of all nations aie allowed to hunt, fish, and trade without molestation 111 the watere of Behring's Sea, adjacent to Kussian possessions, providing they respect the shore-line. The liu.ssian Consul at Yokahania has in the past, and undoubtedly does at the present, issue orders to parties fitting out for hunting in the Behring's Sea, warning tlieni not to intrude on the shore-line, within so niony uiiles from shore, thus practically admitting that she had no claim to this open high 288 sea. Is not this fact alone sufliciont cvidenco tlmt she iievur soW to Uie United States what is now claimed she sold >. SIk! sold what she owned, and tluit Wiis the shore-lfne only. It seems that this iniaj;innry liouiidavy-lino as set down on the Cnart ori<,'inated in imagination much the same ns many stories, and aft .salmon fisheries, this mention of dams wcaild be supposed to apply to the ))resent nn^thod of taking salmon, called tLsh-trap.''. This order, if carried into effect, will uiKhuibtedly work great hardsliijis to the salmiui canneries now engaged in this business in .Vlaska. Section H reads that tlie ]aildicatioii of notice of sei/.uri' and contiscatiou of ve.s.sels shall be published one month in the papers at each United States' |(ort of entry on the I'acific coast. With regard to this publication, it is earnestly hoped that it shall bo plain, and (dearly deliuo .just what the (loverninent claims as its m|iaiiy witli I). Ilronn (jjode, of tin? I'liitiKl Stales' Fi»lierie9 Cninmiisioii, Scnialor Storkbridje, ClmirniRn of tlic roinmiUi-e on FiHlu-rius, io-day callfld ii|>on Scen-tary Windoin willi rcfiTt^nco (o tlie Aet rt'fTlltly pasfwil for lbs jinitection of tin- rtultiion tislicrii'? in Aliisltji. Tlu' Aet rnitl\i'!' it unlawful to i-n-et or mniulain any obstruction in the rivers of .\la.«ln with llie ^'urposf or resull of inipt'ilin); or preveritintj; ili.' aseent of (>alnioii to tlii'ir spawnini; grounds, and nlli.tps n niinirnuni penally of 'ifiO dollars a day for violation thoroof. T.ast year, it is naiil, certain parties, hy the aiil of (janlfl. captured millions of fish, and lliey are reported to he making reaily lor aioith«;r cainpais;n tlii.s year. The inatliT has hccn referred to tiie Law Officers of the Treasury Di^parlnient, who will at oni-e prepare ihr n 'ces^ary order.s for earryinjf into circel Ih" ])r'Jvif*ioris of tlie .\et. The last seelloti of the Act. Senator Htnekhriilije says, will he carried ruit hy the President in (hu- time. Its adoption was a matter of serious conceru to Congre.ss, and iti phraseologjr «aa changed hjr the Heiistu on Foreign Relation!, ind it «u enacted into law u follows 5:89 DO case was ony vessel within the "-niile limit, which is supposeil to be what a nation holds and cnntrnis of tin? hiirli seas. ('ii]itiiiii Slioptiid in one instance wlicn ipmnnstratcfl with said : "Wo do not raro wlicro ynu aiv, whctlicr 1 niih; or ")ilfl miles fniiii land, we arc mi to take ynn anywiiei'o in the ll('lii'iii!,''s Scii." This hi^dt-haiided ]irofeediii,t,' on the part of our (los'eninu'nt caiisi'd a f^'n^at deal of crilicisiii from our nfws]ia|iers and ]ai))lic men, and tlie jmlilir sentiment, wliercver the case was fully iimlerstood, was tliat tlicsc sei/.nrcs wore illegal and co\dil not In; sustained. In IHKS tiie "Kicliard Itush " left San Kiiincisio the Mrd July for its cruize in the I'.chrinfi's Si'a, and it was luirently reported that the Cajitain's iiihtructions were tla^ same as in 1S87. Ujioii the ve-scl's arrival at Ouiwlaska this ]ioliey was ehauj,'eil, and no vessels weve seized in ISSS, the s\ipposilion lii.'in;; that none Wiie found within the o-mile limit. liy this action the (lovctrnmcut receded IVom the j^ronnds Mki'ii in the year 1SS7, therehy iiractically admitting; that the seizures of l.^ST were! wronj; and illegal. (irciit injustice was done to the owners of American vessels enf,'af;ed in this husine.ss in 1.SS8 liy the willilKililini; of what, the order was to lie with re.Liard to the l>ehrin;,''.s .Sea until the arrival of the 'llicliard itush " in Ounalaska, therehy keepinj,' out the American ve.s.sels. The Kurdish masters at Victoria claim that they had advices from their Government at Ottawa, that no seizure woidd he made outside the ,'?-mile limit. The result was that the En;j;lish vessels went in, while the American vessels stayed outside. Hence this jtnlilication should hy all means he explicit on this point in order that no one can lie misled as they were last year. \Vc How come to that part of tlie liovised Statutes (.section lOoO)* where the killinj; of any otter, mink, iji utin, sahle, or fur-seal, or other fur-hearing' animal within the limits of Ala.ska Territory, or in tlic waters thereof, it reads : — "Any )ierson ^'uilty thereoi shall, for each offence, he fined not less than 200 dollars nor more tlinn 1,000 (hdlare, or imprisoned not more than si.\ month.?, or both, and all outfits confiscnted." ^\'e ask, was there ever in the whole history of the world, a r.,aw passed that showed qi.ite tlie, injustice that this does ? Can you find its parallel ? We (hnibt it when you look at the actual offence iLS coiniiared with the value of the j)roperty taken. For instance, a miner on the Ytikou kills a mink, its market value being le.ss than 1 (hdlar, he is subject to a tine of po.ssibly 1,000 dollars and imprison- ment for six months, with the confi.scation of his boats, blankets, provisions, &c. The same Law would apply to a i)rospector should he kill a beaver or a bear and use it for food : both are fur-bearing animals, and are conmion in Alaska. The question comes up — for what reason has such a Law been passed ? Is it to protect the fur- bearing,' aminals of Alaska ?f On the face of it, it would seem so, but really such is not the case. A Law like this has a tendency to discourage all parties from going to Alaska to trap, hunt, prospect for mine.s, and this is what is wanted by those wdio control the trade of Alaska. It is not desirable that Alaska should become settled, and its resources fully developed. It is more desirable to their interests tliat white men should be ke))t away, and for this reason a Law like this is pushed through by some means or other, which on the face of it looks sincere, but when understood shows jilainly the in.justico of it. and the detriment to the best interests of Alaska, injustice to all residents of Ala.ska, and to all paities who would like to go there. It is an understood fact tliat no vessel can go to Alaska for trade iuiil make a success ; it is impossible to buy furs from the n.atives to .any extent. Why is this ? Simjdy, when a native sells his furs to an outside trader, he is cut off from tr.ading at the various ports, and is viitually considered an outcast, hence they dare not do it. The longer that white men are kept iiut cf Alaska, so much the longer this trade is controlled. White hunters and traders hunt and send tlicir furs where they choo.se, hence it is desirable that all such persons .should be kept out if ])iissilde. It seems that these Laws are so framed in order to exclude competition and retard (lie dcvcdopmcnt of .Vlaska instca fishery industry, in accordance with the rights concedc tons burthen, owned by Messrs. L. N, Handy and Co., American citizens aiul merchants at San I'Vnncisco, was cleared at that jwrt fov a !:entral hunting and lishing voyage in the North I'acific Ocean, on or about the 28th February, IhSO. She commenced seal killing off the Farallone Islands, about 20 miles from the Golden (iate; contiuuim; north, she hunted and fished on tlvit ocean ip to Ounalaska I'ass, which she cntercwl about the '1\\\\ .lune. Turning westward toward Cop|)er Islaiul, in the Uussian waters of nehring's Sea, then heading e:\stward and south of the Alc'.itian (irou) . siie made her way into the I'acific Ocean, and sailed eastward till Ounalaska I'ass w.is again sighted. Wliile operating outside this Pass, a coming storm induced the vessel to run through the Pass into Mehring's Sea for sati'ty, where she was befogged and wiihout observation for three days. When tiie fog liftci!, she was louiid to be off (Jiiiialiiska Island, VX or lo miles from any land. Ilcri- she was boarded iVoin the Revenue-cutter " Corwin " f?] 17th July, I8«(), and was seized beCiU^e thi- l)'>nr(lin;; oliicer niintnok the purpose ot the master's answer, that he had killed a few ?niis in Hehrinsi's .*^ea ; the master referrimr to some thirty seals taken near Cnpper '-iland, in Russian v\aters, and tl.e boarding olHcer supposing liitn to admit that he had bi-en sealiiii; within the water boundary of the United States. The boarding otiieer was also misled by the presence of skin^ of rteiiitly killed seals on board, the explanation beim; thai some twenty tuo sealskins had iu'cn taken in the I'acilie Ocean, off Ounalaska P.iss. b<'f,,reruMiiira; in for shelter, anil bad nut been salted, b* cause rough weather and tog had preventel thi' ear^'lal proce-s cf cleaning, saltini;, and Ibldiiig lioin being eariied upon the dcclv -il sn small a \essel as the '' Snu Diego." It appiars that the owners of the "San Diego" bad exjiressly instiiieted the niiister not to intiil.ic with the piivileges of the Alaska Commercial Compiiny, nor violate the law in \\\\\ particular, anil, although we hidd that, under the ruling of Mr. SecretMiy Houlwt II, ilic diplomatic contention ot' one (iovci'nment, and the ibxtrinc reeou^nizci! in the leient release hoie. This answer suggests a possible iiitcn* tion ol taking seals m that vicinity il oppnrtunily offered, but the t'aet is that no >r.ils vu.e taken, iinr ilms il appear th;it any could have been taken up to Ihe time A ilie Hcizure ul the vcmcI if the wi«h and purpose lu tnkc them had existed, it is very evident .293 from the whole record that \vc, tlie present petitioners and sole prospective losers l)y the seizures ot the vessel, never intended nor contem plated the takina: of a single sealskin on that voyna;e in an unlawful or clandestine manner. Having openly cleared our vessel for a liuntini; voyage in the North Faciric, we knew that, in due course of administration, tiiat fact would reach thi; Alaska Company, and the Revenue vessels employed for their protec- tion ; hence it would lie folly on our part to assent heforohand to any dubious or risky transaction hy our a,i5enl, the master. Vour lixcellcncy will not tail to consider the United States' Attorncy-CJeneral for Alaska ajrainst our ai)plicalion for the restoration of our vessel and carjjo. The grounds of his opposition and our answers are as ("oUows : — 1, The finding ol' the vessel in Hehrins^'s .'^ea, equipped for fishiuL', vith fresh skins on hoard, together with the admission of the master that a few had been taken in licluiiiii's Sea, raises a jiresumption against our present evidence that no seals were taken in Ik'luiiig's Sea except near Copper Island. To th's we answer, (he vessel was openly ntled and dispatched for seal-fishing ; that the fasii skins on hoard could not reasonably have ixeii cleaned, salted, and packed before seizure, and that the master had reference to his scjling operations near Copper Island wiien he said he had taken a few seals in Bfiiriiig's Sea. 'J. The District Attorney says that the answer of the master, that he thought seal- tisliing lawful outside of a -i-mile limit, raises a presumption that he had been fishing oiitsiile, tlioiigii within the water boundary of the United States; to wliich we reply that tiiis ariiument makes for rather than against our present application, because if the master tliou^iht he had the rij;ht to seal outside the .H-mile limit, his doing so would he innocent, in fact even if illegal at law. :*. Says the District .\ttorney, the allegation that the vessel was driven through the Pass iito Hehring's Se.i is improbable, and throws suspicion upon the merits of the case. This unimportant observation doubtless arises from confounding the voluntarv passage nf the vessel through the Pass to escape a storm, with a supposititious driving of the vessel !liroii!,'h the Pass by the wind. 4. Says United States' Attorney that, althoug:h the owners of the vessel were represented l}y Counsel, they did not produce at the judicial hearing the important testi- mony now offered e.r parte. This argument is met by the circumstance that the owners of the vessel had no np|K)ituiiity to select ComiscI for themselves, nor to inlluencc the production of evidence :iiiil aruuments in tlieii' behalf in that distant locality, and hence it would be hard to hold llioin responsible for a failure to produce evidence at the trial, which thev admit the Coiiiiscl retained for th(!m by the captain ought to have iiroduced, and lor the non- nroiiii.'tion of which said Counsel have been dro|)ped from the case. The cajifain who cnipliiU'd the Counsel at Silka thought his own testimony ouffht to have been taken, but lie ilid not feel (|Ualiti('d to ijuestion tiic judument of his attornevs. f). Tiie District Altorncy believes tlu' merits ol the case can be better determined on tlic pciuiis'g Apjieal from the judgment than by an executive proceeding. This argument is refuted by eiicumstances that, so (iir as the Statute Book shows, tii( re is no Court in which the Appeal, taken at large to the Circuit having a))|)elative jurisdiction, can be located is determined. (i. That the power to remit is an exir.iordiiiary one, and should be used ristrictingly. This argniiieni of the District .Attorney has been long since answered by the .'supreme I'onil, wliich has said that the laws im|iosin:; penalties arc not to be construed strictly luauisl persons or property for the benelil of the I'evenne, and that the laws con(i.'rring |H)«ers of ri'mission are remedial in their nature, and should be liheiallv used for the iK'iiilii ol those who have inuocenllv incurred the sanction of the penal law. (it) Wheaton, ■^11, rniled States r. Morris, 10(1.)' hi conclusion, «e remind vour lixcclli'ncy that no seals were in fact taken in or near 'III' place where the Kcvciuie oHicer supposed the "San Diego" had been sealing; that, in |ioinl of law, no unlawful sealiuK ^^"'< done by our vessel ; that the llritish vessels sei/.L-d It the same time, in the same locality, foi' the same cause, and judicially condemned to linkitni'i' in the same Court, by the same .nidge, and under the same eircunistjiiices as our ii«ii, have 'iiei'ii released upon the ground ol iniioeeney ; that without any actual fault of '»ii own, we have, in fact, been deprived ol a fair trial in the Court below, and, to all ii|ipe»iiinees are left without furllur judicial remedy ; that the remissoiy [lowers of the ^(■(■retary ol the Treasury, by a pupbable oversight in the Statutes, do not reach our ca.se; 'liat peisonally we have been fiei- from all evil intent, fault, or negligenci tlirmighout ; iiiil ihiit while our agent, the master, did not take the seals within the Ann'ricau boundary "I llihnn^'s Sua, liuini^ht juiitly have duiiu so in viuw of the ruling of Mr. Secretary liout- well, the diplomatic action of our own Government from the first to the present moment, and the general hclief of merchants, lawyers, and all persons interested in the seal fisheries that such fisiiing is lawful in any part of Behring's Sea, except near the islands of St, Paul, St. Georcje, or within !^ miles of the shore. Havinfj filed with the Secretary of the Treasury the papers upon which we rely tn sustain the position taken therein, and convincine; evidence of our ijood standing as citizens and merchants, we pray your Excellency to take this Petition into prompt and fnvourahic consideration, and release us henceforth from the serious and coiitinuinp; loss that we have undeservedly suffered, and are suffering, hy the seizure and retention ol' our vessel and cargo, ia which no third parties are interested as inftn-mers or captors. Hespecifullv submitted, (Sij^ned) L. N. HANDY and Co., Cominission MfrrhnnU, No. 208. Foreign Officp to Colonial Office. Sir, ForelijH Offiri; Auyiist 17, 18(?!). I AM directed hy t!ie Marquis of Salisbury to request that you will state to Secretury Lord Knutsford that, in his Lordship's opinion, it is very desirable, |)endim; the veceipt of full details in rei;ard to the recent seizure in Mehrini;'s Sea by the United .Stale-,' Revenue- cutter "Uush" ol the British vessels "Black Diamond "" and "'rriuinph," that gteps .should be taken to pnieeed at once with the appeals to the Supreme Court of the Uniteii i^tates in the eases of the British vessels whose sealing operations were stojiped uudcr similar eireuinstauces in lM8(i. I u:n to ie(iuest, therelore, that you will suggest, for I^ord Knutsfonl's eonsidenitimi, that a teley;ram should be si'ut ro the (lovernor-Ueiieral of Cauiula to the eti'eet that, it being very unusual 1o press for diplomatic redress for a private wron;:, so lom; as there i> a reasonable chance of obtaining it from the Tribunals of the country under whnse juris- diction the wrong complained of has occurred, Her Majesty's (lovernnu-nt consider tli;it they would be in a stronger jjositioii (or dcaliu'^ di|ilomatieally with the Beiiring's Sea case- it ajiptais on the cistS ot seizure wliieh took place in IHHO were pushed on. I am, &-c. (Signed) T. H. SANDKRSON. No. 200. Mr. I'AlirtirdfH to the Maniuin of tSalinlinrti. — (tlecriird Aiiyust I'.).) My I^)nl, lynxhlnijfnn, Auijiist .">, IH8it. ON the 1st instant I had the hniKuir to inform your [..ordship by triegraiili that the iiewspa|iers reported the seizure on the I Itb ultimo by the United Stales' Uevenue criiizrr " Hush" of the British schooner " Black Diaiminil," sealing in Beiiring's Se;i, being at llii' time ol the seizure 7') miles from buid. It was also re|i(irted that another Biilisb schooner, the "'I'riunqtb," was aho bimnii'd by the tajitain of the "Hush." but no arrest was made, the seal-skins on board llu' "Triunqdi" having been eapfured m the I'aeilie, and not in the Behrinz's Sea. I have not up to the present date leeeived anv ollieial intormallon (ui the subject There i>., however, no doidil about the truth ol the (act that the sei/.iue ot a Biitish vcssii has been made, tuid lli.it anr>tlier British vessel wa> stopped and searched, both oeeuii>i.r.' taking place on the high seas, un the grounds that (hey had no legal rights to »eal.ti»li in those seas. The quistion of the exclusive jurisdiction of the United States over the Behriiig'n Sc' is tbu> reopened, but it does not appear that luiy ni w feature in the la-i- ba-* prexeulnl ilKilf. However, a novel situation i> pii)diiced by the (net wbieb is reported, (li;i(, .Iterlln' seizure of the " I'.l.iek Diamond," one of the crew of the United States' crui/er Imviin been placed on board o( her by tb(> Captain of the " Uiisb," with orders to taki^ lai t" Sitka, the Captain of the British vessel iijnored the instructions of the man in wlio*f charge clie was supposed to be, and mailed lor Vietoiia, British Cobiiiibin, where she i* rc|>orted to have arrived stitely. Had she u'one to Sitka, she would, in all probabilily. have been declared by the United Stali-n' District Court ol .Ma»ka a lawful pii/.e. A* your Lordship will a-intmbcr in the cnsc of the Hntidli Mialcrs which woi-c seized diiria:: 295 the last two years, and after seizure were condemned by the United States' District Court of Alaska, the United States' Govcrnnient agreed to release them on tiieir owners f?iving bond to appeal to a higln-r Court. Few, if any of them, availed themselves of this permission, and they were ultimately sold by public auction. I have been given reason to believe by a lawyer of some standing in this city, that through some defect in the legislation affecting the territory of Alaska, the only appeal that could have been made ia tilt' iiiattcr would have been to the Supreme Court of the United States. I cannot anticipate that tbe United States' fJovernment would try and justify before lliat Court the seizures by a pretension that the Behring's Sea is not an open sea. 1 lowevcr inucii tlicir action and the action of Congress may appear to put forward and maintain im: a pretension, it is the general opinion that the Supreme Court would not hesitate to |;ronnu!Ke itself against it. On wliat the United States' Government would base their claim to exclusive seal- tisliini; rights in tbe Behring's Sea it is difficult to foresee, but in conversation a short time nu'o with a |ioli!ician of very high standing under the late .Vdministration, 1 learnt that the lolloping argiiiiitiit has been brought forward and used by one or moru of tlie most prodiiiienl lawyers in tiie Houses of Congress. They maintain that th'; "seal nation" in lliosc xiis has its domicile, breeding-grounds, &c., on United States' ti'rritory, where it is rart'liilly preserved and protected by United States' law, and consequent ly they do not ailmit that the seal loses its nationality when its habits cause it to temporarily absent itsclt from its hoine. I'roMi wbat I gathered from the gentlemen above referred to, 1 feel confident that this \va^ one of the chief arguments wliieh mi^dit have been used by the United States' (lovcrnmenf had the mutter bein brought up to the Supreme Court during the time that ihe Lite Adiiiinstration was in |)ower. 1 iiavc, Ike. (Signed) M. G. KDWARDKS. No. 210. ('oloiiiiil Office to V(irri(jn Office. — {Received Autjiisl lid.) Sir, DftirniiKj Strert, .Imjiisl 1!). lsH9. W rril reference to yom- letter of tlic 17th instant, I am directed by l.oid Kmitsford tiitiansnul to you, for the inlbrmation )f the Manpiis of Sali>'biiry, a copy of a tcleuram ^vjiicii lias been addressed to the (iovcnor-tieneral ol Canada in connection with the Deiiring's Sea seizures in 188(i. I am, \-e. (Signed) JOliN MUA.MSTON. Inclosure in No. '-'!(). Lord Knut.')for(t in Lord Slniilei/ of I'rrslon, (Tileuraphie.) Colonlnl Offire, .Unjust ]«, |H8!). IT IS V( rv unusual to pn-ss lor diplomatie redress for a priviite wrong as long as llitrc i> a reasonable chance of oi)lainiiig it from the Tribunals of the country. Her Majesty'^ (iovermni'i.l consider tiiat they would lie in stronger pohitioii lor lienling diphunatically with JJehring's Sea cases if appeals on IHHG seizures were pushed on. No. 211. Coloniiil Office to I'oreiijn Office. — (lixficeil Aiiijimt '21.) ^■|r. Dnuninij Street, Amjii.il -<>, I'^MJ. \\ ITII reference to previous corrfspondeiue I am t.'irecl d by Lord Kniilolord to Iniiisiiiit Id ymj, to he laid before the Manpiis of Salisbury, .' opy of a desp.itcli lioiu the •>iiv('nior-(ieneral of Canada, with its in.losuri's contiiiiii"!^; l;i!''"niation respecting the wcciit seizure of Ihe schooner " Mlaek Diamond" and the detention of the schooner "Triumph " in IJehring's Sea. I nni, kc. (Signed) .lOlIK BKAMHTON. 296 Inclosure 1 in No. 21 1. Lord Stanleji of Preston to Lord Knutsford. My Loffl, Citadel, Quebec, August 8, 1889. IN transmitting to your Ia)rdship such infonnntion ns I iiave been nble to procure up to the present time respecting the recent seizure of the schooner " Black DiainonJ," and the detention of the scliooner "'rriun)|ih," in Behring's Sen, I deem it my duty to bring to your notice the very stron;; fcehng which is arising throughout tlie Dominion consequent upon tJie continued seizures of Canadian vessels upon the open sea. and their condemnation in the United States' Courts of law. A sense of irritation is growing up in the public mind not only against the Government of the United States, !)ut against tiie Imperial Government, which may at any moment result in serious trouble, and there is reason to apprehend that, if the 8up|)osed inaction of the Home (Government continues, the sealers may he driven to armed resistance in defence of what they believe to be their lawful calling, and it would be dithcult, if not impossible, lor the Dominion CJovernment to prevent such a state of affairs. I bad the honour recently to inclose to your Lordship a Minute of the Privy Council containing a very full recital of the past history of tbe No-called Behring's Sea question, and I must express the earnest hope that your lordship will move the Foreign Office to take such steps as may tend to an early settlenu-nt. Up to the ])re8ent time there has been every dis|)osifion on the part of the CnniK'ian people to rely on tbe maintenance by the Imperial Governmei\t of the inter- national rights which the Foreign Office is charged with the duty of protecting, and if the (piestiou of the free navigation of the North Pacific (or Behring's Sea) were fully maintained, I do not think that any reasonable measures which could be |)roposed for the protection ol the (so-called) seal fishery would meet with a refusal here. I have, &c. (Signed) STANLKY OF PRICSTON. Inclosure 2 in No. 21 1. Lieutenant-Colonel John Tiltnn to Sir John Mncdonnld. (Telegraphic.) Victoria, J uUi m, 1889. SIR .lOIIN THOMPSON rccpicsts that the following telegram, just received, addressed to Honourable Mr. Topper from \ietoria, signed K. Crow Baker, may he repeated to you : — " British schooner ' Triumph ' arrived yesterday evening from Behring's Sea. .Miistcr reports seizure of British schooner ' Black Diamond' with catch of sealskins by American I{evcnue-erui/.fr ' Rusli,' 7<» niil.'s off land. Boarding ofhcer informed master that all vessel-; fomid witii President's Prorlaniaiion and recent instructions (.s/'c) issued by Sccri'lury of Trca^my (sir). 'Triumph' bad no >kins on board, and ♦berefore escaped immediate confiscation. N it not possible to afford protection to some twenty Canadian schooners still till re pmseenting their legitimate business, and liable to immediate seizure if nut already seized? Steatner ' S.irdonyx ' leaves with co.il for Britisli wir-sbi,)s now at Port Simi)>'On on Tiuirsday next. Pici-e reply immediately what stc|is I'VMJiral (iovernincnt will now taki' in tbf matter. Mcc linu' to-day of those interested, who strongly urge this mcssaifc. .S'liator .Macdonald of Toronto heartily endorses action of owners heie. In meantime sealing business inteivsts completely paralyzed." Inclosure 1 in No. 211. Rxlrnct from the " Ottawa Kmiiinj Journal," of Jul i/ ."il, IH80. Till. Si;.\i,i;it SKi/.uni:. Kan Frnnciurn, Cala, July 30. — 'I'he Ntenmcr " Dora," from Behring's &va, brings the first d( tailed news of tbe capture of tbe British sealer " Black Diamond," by tlic Uriiti'd rStntes Revenue-cutler " UichnnI Unsh," on the I lib .July. The " Rush " overtook tin " Black Diamond " niid ordered her to lieavi-to, The captain of the " Black Diamond ' refused. Tlicreupon the commander of Ihc " Hush " order<'d a lowering of ports and 297 running nut of guns, wliicii niiispd flu' steamer lo licavv'lo. rapt:iin Slicpard and Lieutenant Tuttle !K)ardcd the Kiif^lisli craft and nsUod tor lur iiapci-i. 'I'lic officers (;f tlic "Bliicli Diiirntind " oH'crcd no ttrnied resistance. !iiit icrnsod In deliver tlie papers. C';i|)t;iin Sliepaid at once hroke opin tlic caliin, and lotted the liinj^cs off ihc strong hox and tlie captain's clu-st. lln'rcliv >e( urin;: the papers. \ search of tlic vcsxl disclosed 10,000 stalskins, which had liccu taken mi Helirinu's Sea. Captain Silx-pard placed ii non- rnniaiissioned officer troni tin; " Kii>h " in eharj;e of the "' lihiek Diamond," and ordered die vessel to he taken to Sitka lo await further nisliuetions. The captain of the " Hlack f)ianiond " stated that when in Xicioria he had hcen ordered to pay no attention in case he w:;s overtaken hy the " Hush " and retpiestcd to heave-to. ile said he would not have surreiideicd if the" Rush" had had an inferior force to his own. On the 1st July the scliiKiiier " Triumph" was also hoarded hy Captain Shepard, hut no arrest was made, the skiib Oil hoard having been captured in the Pacific. A passenger who arrived oti the "Uoia '' said : " On our way down from St. I'aul's Island we saw six sealers and the "Rush" pursuing. Undoe'.tcdly hy this time the '• Rusii " has made additional captures." ('(iplaiii filiepard'n Rrporl. Wnshiixjtnn, July .'{(). — A telegram from Captain She|)ard, commanding the llevenue- ^te;l»u•r " Rush," says he seized the " Black Diamond " for violation of section 1956 of the revised statutes. This section was incorporated in the President's Proclamation of the 21st March, on the subject of seal fisheries. It forbids the killing, by imauthorized persons, of seal and other fur-bearing animals witiiin the limits of Alaska or in the waters thereof. The penalty provi-' d is a tine of from '^00 dollars to 1,000 dollars, or imitrison- nient lor not exceeding si.x months, or both, and the forfeiture of the vessels violating the law. Inclnsurc 4 in No. 211. Eiirorl /row llir " Ottawa Citizen" nf Auijust \\, 1S89. Kkukinu's Ska Tiioiin,i;s. (Uy telegraph to the "Citizen.") Wiisliiiiijloii, 'Jiiul. — The seizuie of the British sealing-vessel " Black Diamond" hy the Revenueeutter " Hush " is helievcd to he the beginning of a series of seizures which must lead to soTue delimfe nndeistandiiig between the United States and (treat Britain on the liuiijcit. (ircat itiitain has emphatically expressed the opinion that the foiled States' (iimiiinient has no jurisdiction over the Beliring's Sea outside the .'J-mile limit. Our (joviriinicnt proceeds on the assinnplion thai it has a ri^lit to protect the seal in any jtart 111' tiie Hehring's Sea, allhouuh the Stale Dcpintmcnt has never stateii that assumption in iiireit terms, and all its olheial utterances on llu' subject carry the conviclion of the Di'piutinent's consciousness ol inabililv to establish thi' claim on the basis of iniy Treaty "^.Micii.ent Ol iiilcnialional law. Mveii tlie.\cls ol Congress do not aiiywhue iKseit a (hiiiii over the whole of nehriiig's Sea, bill only over .\l.iskan waters or the watirs adjacent l>i .\l,iska and lo our i-hnids in nehiiiiu's Sm. Indeed, the oii" plia upon which llie I nited Stales' < ioveiniiii nt caplures sealing-vcs»e|8 all over the ihoti-ands of iniks of «ater within Beliring's .Sea is that the wHare of mankind rc(piircs that the seal shall be lirelicied iVdiii poacher-. The I'.nu'lish (lovernment agrees that the seal siiould he eiirel'iilly |iMileetei'. ami prc'crved. but coiiIcikU that it has a right lo be consulted as lo 'lie iiicthnd of |iriilectin'4 llir seal on the opiii sea. The Inilcd Siat,'>' ( iovcrnnicnl is nnwdlin:: lo take other (io\i iMiierils into pailner- "liip ill the business, heeaiisc the seal really iiejoii'.'s to the Priliylov Nlaiids, allboiigli it wiiieliiiHs strays to distiinl watcts to spend the winlei. Neveitheies-, when it conies to "rrisis, this (Mivernmeni will probably have to admit that it bus no ri^lil lo say, inde- IK'nileiil (il other nalioiis, that si.d "liall not he liike.i 'JDO or HDli miles from shore. It >*'iiilu not be siirpiisin;; it some s> rions collisions should occur hi twecii the seal-hunters ■'iiil mil Kevcnuc-i'Utters. The sealers arc out in niiiniicis, and the sci/^iiic- lliii! arc sure lo Ih> made this summer must bring things to a crisis and had to a -el llcmeiil of rinlil in 'I'e iHiillir. Sir Julian I'anncelolc wil' nave liig hn-ine-s to iitt'iid to wli'-n he returns to WHuliiiiKion. lie will doiihllens brinir back with him some urgent reprerciilationH from ll-J^j 2 1^ 298 Lord Salisbury. Sir Julian said before sailing for England that up to that tiiiiL- tlie subject had not been talked of at all between himself and the State Department here. The seizure and search of the "Triumph," \vhich was attcrwards released because no sealskins were found on board, may be a more serious matter than the seizure of the " Biacl. Diamond," for it involved the right of the United States to seize and scaich suspecccd vessels outside of what arc conceded to be the limits of the jurisdiction of the United States. lUmtjor, yie,, Isl. — Secretary Blaine passed through this city tiiis evcniiiu' m route to Bar Harbour. A reporter called his attention to a declaiatioii in a V>i)inee tli;- foundation of the town was the arrival in the harbour yesterday of the " Mlaek Diaiiioiui." Cai)tain Thomas, which, on the 11th July last, was seized by the Americp.n Kevenue-ciitdr "Rush." lor the alleged illcral capture of seals in Heiiring's Sea. Captain 'fhoinas, the moment he stepped ashon-, was met by the owners of the schooner, and to them he reported Ww. facts connected with the interruption of his vessel's sealing trip. lie siu'iitai the Hevenue-cuttcr " Rush" on the 1 1th July, H miles away. He was catching se;.ls m. the time, and was 70 miles off shore. He immediately made sail, intending to eUidL- the cutter and avoid any possible trouble. 'I'he wind, unfortunately, was rather light, aiul the " Rush's " engines enabled her, inside of an hour, to ovi-rhaul the " Hlaek Diamond." Tlu! Coinmander of the " Rush '" at first signalled the schooner to heave to, liii no attention being paid to the order by Captain Thomas, the " Rush" steamed almost alorii; .side, her Commander shouting out his order for her to lay to. This he did three times. hut Captain Thomas still paying no attention to him, he steamed ahead of tlu; ''Hiiick Diamond " and lay across her bows, compelling (,'aptain Thomas to haul his vessel up sharply and lay to. Then Lieutenant Tut tie, three other olficers, and two hoal-loaiis of Vaidvee siiihiis came aiioard and began making an examination of the " IWaek Diamond ' hold. Captain Thomas demanded an ex[ilanation, wiicn Lieutenant TuttIc informed hin> that liis vessel was under seizure for the ille'.;al eatehmg of seals, and tlemanding the " lilaek DianioiuiV'" pa|iers. Caiitaiu Tliom:is iiulignantly repudiated the charge that he was acting ilk'^'uHv, and refused to give up his pajjcrs. Lieutenant Tattle argued, demanded, and llueateneii. and finally, alter three disliiu't, emphatic refusals on ('ai)lain Timmas' part, ordered !ii-. seamen to break open the cabin lockers and find what tht^ Captain refused to give up. Thr i);ipcrs were found, and Lieutenant Tuttle took |)ossessi()n of them, refusing to Captain Thomas' repeated demands to return them. An Amiriean sailor named John Hawkins was then left aboard by the Conunander of the " Kush," who iid'ormed Captain Thomas that he and his mate were under airest, that the schooner was to be taken to Sitka, that the crew w 're not to be detained ; but that tlie vessel was to he delivered over to the United States' Colletitor of till' Port of Sitka, who would take whatever further action sboidd be tlioiiuht necessary by tiie American authorities. Written instrmtions to this t;ittd this morning by an e.\-oliieial of the Governmeiit. and, upon mv asking for his ipasiiii lor siicli a view, he simply ri'lerred to the course pursued l>y the Treasury and .st;ite DepartnuMits in IH88 as a suliicicnt answer. According to bis theory, the seizure lif the " Ulack Diamond" was all for cHect, and her arrival at a Mritish port was nothing iiioif nor less than what was cx|)ectc(l. Tiii! Treasury people witii whom I cinversed ou till' siilijiet scouted this |)()sition as most absurd. They state that ('a|)tain She|)ard was rairyinL: out his instructions, and would nrvir have seized the " IMaek Diamond '' unless lie was convinced that the laws of this (joverninent on the fur-seal matter had been o|iLiily and un(|uestional)ly violateil. Full particulars by mail are to reach the Treasury Dijiartinrnt not later than Wednesday next. Captain Shepard will explain the seizure of the '• niaek Diamond," and this, tlu; Treasury proplo say, will fully explain his action on Imakiii'.' oi)i'n the cabin and taiving possession of the ship's papers. The action of Caniain Shepard has uiven rise to eonsi(lerai)!e comment in ollici \1 circles. One of the L'tntli iiien with whom 1 talked, anel who is well informed, said tin' '• I5lack Diamond" will Ix' M'izi'd the first lime she aj-.pears in .\inerican water for this same oU'encc, hut it will be a loiii; limi' bi'Ibre thi' opporluni'.y lor such a M'i/arc occms, and there is no law by which tlir (•:l^o call he reached i^lhcrvvise. The vessel was seized and got away, and that is the wjiiik- >toiy in a nut shell. Tlie I'ritisb ( 'iiaige d'All'aires lias not nccived any information as yd regarding this new development in Mebriiitt's Sea. Inclosure 7 in No. -\^. liilnictfium the " Toroiifn Globe" of .Uiiji.isl 1, Hs'.). Mom; I)i;tails. lirlnriii, liiilhh ('ohiiiiblii, ',]].fl ,/»///.— Ca|)laiii .Mcfa'an, of tin' I'ritish " ri'iiimpji," whjdi bus urrivid herefrom Hebring's Sea, is relicei.l aliont allairs i nnrlli. It is .".tated by otiicrs on the vessel, however, that wlirii ibi' **Triiimph HL-'lited by the " Kusb '' Iheie were thirty seal-, dead l\iii',' on the" IViiimpJi's " llii>e are hnriiedU skinned, and the pells hidden umong a luriiC (puintily of salt, salt also formed a heavy coatiii. to about (S(ll) sealskins which lay in flic bottom i schooner. Licutiiiiini Tiitlle made an ixaniiiiation, hut sciinu iiothiii'.; but salt dcp 'file men on the " Tiimnph'' say that Captain Dodd, of the " .Mae," had .-aid lie won "M iiiiv American ollicers altem|ptii!g to board his ves.sel. Lieiitmanl TiittK t-a|i'ain McLean he had seui live schooners entering hebring's Sea on the -llh .'iilv "M.iU'jic .Mac,' '•Triumph," ".Marv Kllen," " Lillie L.," and '• Black Dinmond.'" ' scaler n the " was (h'Ck. This ,f the arted. id lire ' told . viz., The 300 latter was captiued, but the fate of the others is unUiiowii. The "Corona " arrived to-day. Captain Carroll says when he left Juneau, Wednesday, the British men-of-war "Swiftsure," " Icarus," and " Amphion " were there ; they left for Port Simpson on the following dav. The " Corona" heard nothing of the seizures. A number of prominent sealing men waited on the Captain of the British man-of-war "Champion," which sailed to-day for the north to join the fleet, and gave him full particulars in writing. He will convey them personally to Admiral Heneage. A deputa- tion also waited on the Honourable Jo'iii Robinson, Provincial Secretary; he lias telegraphed to Ottawa demanding protection of the Imperial fiovernment. Telegrams also have been sent by the most prominent public men of the province. The action of the Imperial Government is anxiously awaited. Nv/. 212. The Murijiiis of Sulisburii lo }[r. Edwardes. — (Siibstniirn telegraphed.) Sir, Foreign Office, August 2'J, 188!). HER Mnicsty's Government are in receipt of rei)cated rumours thiit Brit^.sii vessels have l)ceii searched and oven seized in Hcliriug's Sen, outside the 3-mile (iistaiice from any land. No otficiiil confirmation of these rumours has yet reached Her Majesty's Government, but they appear (o be authentic. I liave to instruct you to inquir(> of the United States' Government whether any similar information has reached them. You will also request that stringent instructions may be issued as soon as praeticabie to the officials of the llnited States to prevent the possible recurrence of such incidents. I am, &c. (Signed) SALISBURY. No. •2]:i. The M(ir(juis nf Salisbury to Mr. Edwardes. — [Substance telegraphed.) Sir. Foreign Office, August 22, ]S8!). WIIKN von iiinke the communication to .Mr. Blaine, as instructed in my previous des])at(li of this day's date, relativeto the recent seizures of Biitisb vessels in Behriiig's Sea, I should wish you to remind him that clear thouuii unollieial assurances were given last year liv Mr. Biyard that, pending the general discussion of the questions at issue between Her M;ije.~t\ 's (iovernmc'Ut and tiun of tlie llnilcd States, no fintlier intirference siiould take pliice with Biitish slii|)s in Behring's Sea at a distance from tiie shore. You will (ind the record of such an assurance conveyed to me through Mr. Piieips in my despatch to Sir L. We-'^t of the .'hd .April, 18S"«, and Sir C. Tii|)per informs me that .Mr. Bnyard gave personnlly similar assurances to him and the other meinbrrs of tin; Conur.ission sent to Washington. Wa: >n liim ,). I'auiui'fote will be prepared to diseiiss the whole ([ueslion when he returns (o j:ton in the autunm ; but you should point out that a s 'ttlement will only In' iiindeied should the United States' authorities resort to measures of loicu against Biilish ships beyond the ;!-mJlc liuut, against which Her Majesty's (i.)vernment nuist necessarily protist as contiiiry to the princii)lo of international law, which the United States have not only aeknou ledged, but have themselves tirndy and publicly maintained. I am, i\:c, (Signed SALISBURY. No. 214. Mr. Fduanirs to the Mnri/uis of Sulisbur!/. — {Nectircd bij telegraph, Augmt 2(5.) My Lord, Newport, August 2G, I88'J. 1 HAD the honour to receive on the 23rd instant your Lordship's two telegriinis of the 22nd ultimo, inslrueting me to inform the Secretary of State that repeated ruinnurs had of iaic reached Her MMje.^ty's (Jovernmeiit that United States' crui/.ers have stopprd, scaiclit'ii, iind e\cii svizcd Rritisli vessels in Beliring's Sea outside the S-iiiilc liiiiic from tlie nearest liind: that nilhoui^h no otiiciiil confirmation of these rumours had reached Her Majesty's Goveiiiniont, tiiere did n;it appear to he any reason to douht their autiicnticity. Your Lordship desired nie at tlie same time to inquire whether tlie Uniteil States* (lovcriinient were in possession of siriiihir information, and to ask tliat striniicnt instructions should 1)1' '^ent at the ciirhest nionicnt, witli the view to prevent the jjos^ihility of such ocrnrrences talvinti; piriee. Ill speaisin'; to Mr. Ilhiine on tiie ahove subject, your Lordsliip instructed me to it'r.iiiui liim lliat Her .M;ije.-.t\'s (Jovernment iiad received Li'^t year vi'ry clear assurances I'liini Mr. Hayard, at that timi! Secretary of State, that, pendini? the discussion of the iri'iKMiil (piestions al issue, no turther interference should take place with Uritish vessels in licluiiis's Sea, and, in conclusion, to state that Sir J. r'aunccfote would he jirpparcd, on his ntiuii to Washington in the autumn, to discuss tlie whole (juestion, addniij; that Her .\liijest\'s Ciovernnient wished to point out that a settlement could not hut he hindered hy iiieasinis of force on tiie part of the United States. I accordingly left at once for Bar Ha^bonr^^Jaine), where Mr. Blaine iir.s been passing the summer, and on the morning of the 24th instant 1 called on him, and made a com- munication to him in the aiiovc sen.se. Mr. lilaine at once asked me to addre-s to him a note containing the substance of vuiir l.oidship's instructions, lie said that he was unahie to give a re[)ly until he had consuitt'd with the I'rcsident, hut he promised that I should receive one to tiie note 1 was to address to him at a very early date. All that he could say to me then was that similar rumours had reached the United States' Government, whicli were prolnibly authentic, although no official contirination had lieen given to them, and ho could say to me, in further reply to my comnuinication, that he was of opinion that there was little divergence in the views of the two Governments on the points at issue. On the termination of my interview with Mr, Blaine, I dispatched to yuur Lord- ship a telegram inlorrning you of what had taken |)!ace, and then, in accordance with Mr. Blaine's rc(piest, I addressed to him a note, u copy of which I have the honour to inclose. In the afternoon of the same day I met Mr. Blaine, and he told me that he had aildiessed a letter to me containing the reply he had made to ine earlier in the day. I had the honour to forward to your Lordship by telcgrapli the substance of this reply, a copy of whieii is herewith inclosed. Tiiis reply, as your Lordshij) will see, conimenccs by saying that rumours of the search ami s: i/u.''e of British vcs-els in Beliring's Sea hy United States' cruizers have reached the Uiiilid Stiites' Govermiient, anti that although no official confirmation ol those rumours has hwu received by thcni, they ajipcar to be based on truth. Ml'. Blaine then goes on to say that it has been and is tiic earnest desire of the I'resideiit of the United States to have >iich an aduistiiieiit as shall remove all possible ;:rouiul of misunder;^tandiiig with iler Maj(sty's (jovcinnunt concerning' the existing lioiililes in the Brhriiig's Sea, and that the President believes that the responsibility for Cthiy in tiial adjustment cannot be properly charged to the Govcrnnient of the United Slates, and he begs inc to express to your Lordship tiie gratilication with which the (loveiiinient of the United Stales hears that Sir ./. I'aiincerote will be prepared on his ktuiii to Washington in the autumn to discuss the wiiole (picstion. .Mr. Blaine concludes bis letter by saying that he has pleasure in assuring me that the '^ioveiimient of the United States will endeavour to be prepared for the discussion, and ilal. in the opinion of liic President, the points at issue btlween the two Governineiits are i.ipalije of prompt adjustment on a basis entirely honour.il>lc to both. I aeknowledged Mr. Blaine's letter in a note, a copy of which is iicrewith inclosed (InelcMire No. i'l), informing him that 1 should lose no lime in hiiiiging his ri'|)ly to the knowledge ol Ilcr Majesty's Government, who, while awaiting an answer to the other inquiries 1 had the honour to make to him, would, i felt eontident, receive with much Kitistiiclion the assurances which he had been good enough to oHer to me. I have, &c. (Signed) U. G. KDWARDES, lave stoppi'i', 302 Inclosurc 1 in No. 214. Mr. Edwiirdrs to Mr. Blaine. Sir, Bar Harbour, Auijmt 21, 1S81). IN accordance with instructions wliicli I have received from her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Afliiirs, I have the iionour to state to you that repeated rumours liave of late reached Her .Majesty's Government that United States' cruizers have stopped, searched, and even seized J^ritisii vessels in Behrinsj's Sea outside the IJ-milc limit from the nearest land. Althoui;h no official confirmation of these rumours has reached Her !\fajestv- Govcrnment, there appeals to hv. no reason to doubt tlieir autiientieity. I am desired liv the Marquis ol" Salisbury to intjuire whether the United States' Oovernment are in possession of similar information, and further to ask that slriniient instruelioiis may !):■ sent by the United States' (iovernment at the earliest moment to their officers, witii the view to preveiit the ])Ossibility of sueli oceurrenc(.'s taking place. In continuation of my instructions, I have the honour to remind you that lltr Majesty's Governnunt received very clear assurances last year from Mr. Bayard, then Secretary of State, that pendiuij the diseussiou of the general questions at issue, no fuithcr nterl'erence should take jilaco with British vessels in liehrinij's Sea. In conclusiiii, lie .Mariileiit believes that the resjionsiliility fur deliiv in that adjustment cannot he properly charged to the Government of the United States. I beg you will express to the -Mai()uis of Salisbury the gratification with which the Government of the United States learns that Sir .1. Pauneefote, Her Majesty's .Minister, will be [irepared, on his return to Washington in the autumn, to discuss tlii' whnle (piestion. It gives mo pleasure to assure you that the Government ol' the United States will endeavour to be ])re|)aied tor the diseussiou, and that, in the opinion of tlu^ IVesidciit, the points at issue between the two Governments are capable of promiit adjustment on ;' wsis entirely honourable to both. [ have, &c. (Signed) J. G. ULAINK. 303 Inclosure 3 in No. 214. Mr. Edirardes to Mr. Blaine. Sir, Bur Harbour, Auyitst 25, 1889. I HAD the honour to receive yesterday your note, in whicli you liave been jjood enough to inforni ine, witli respect to the repeated rumours which have of late reached Her Majesty's Government of llie searcli and seizure of Britisli vessels in Hehring's Sea by United States' cvuizers, that the same rumours, probably based on truth, iiave readied the United States' Government, but tiiat up to this date there lias been no oflicial communi- cation received on tiie sulyect. At the same time, you have done me the lionour to inform me tliat it lias been, and is, the ravnest desire of tlie President of the United States to have sucii an adjustment as shall remove all possible ground of misunderstanding with Her Majesty's Government concLining tlie existing troubles in Behring's Sea, and that the President believes that the responsibility for delay in that adjustment cannot be properly charged to the Government of liic United Slates. You request me at the same time to express to the Marquis of Salisbury the gratifi- cation with which tlie Government of the United States learns that Sir J. Pauncefote, Her Majesty's Minister, will be prepared, on his return to Washington in the autumn, to discuss till' whole question, and you are good enough to inform me of the pleasure you have in assuring me that the Government of the United States will endeavour to be prepared for the discussion, and that, in the opinion of the President, the |)oints at issue between the two (lovcrnments are capable of prompt adjustment on a basis entirely honourable to both. I .shall lose no time in bringing your reply to the knowledge of Her Majesty's Govern- iiiciit, who. while awaiting an answer to the other inquiries I have had the honour to make to you, will, I feel confident, receive with much satisfaction the assurances which you have been good enough to make to me in your note of yesterday's date. I have, &c. (Signed) H. G. EDWARDES. No. 216. Colonial Office lo Foreign Office. — {Received Aiujust 29.) Sir. Downing Street, Aniju.it 2i), 388'.). 1 .\M directed by Lord Knutsford to transmit to you, to be laid before the Marquis of Salisl)iny, a copy of a desi)atch from the Governor-General of Canada, with a Report of the Committee of Privy Council of the Dominion, with telegrams from Mr. HaUer and the Collector of Customs at Victoria, respecting the seizure of the '• Black Diamond '' and the "Triinnph" by the United States' Revenue-cutter '■ Uicliard Rush." I am to requcvst to be informed what answer Lord Salisbury would jirojiose should be ii'turned to this despatch. I am, &c. (Signed) EDWARD WINGFIELD. Inclosure 1 in No. 215. Lord Stanley of Preston to Lord Knutsford, My Lord, Citadel, Quebec, August 9, 1889. I IIAVE the honour to transmit to your Lordship a copy of an approved Report of a Coiniiiittec of the Privy Council, submitting telegrams dated the ^Oth ultimo, from !'■('. Baker, Esq., M.P.,and the Collector of Cut.toins at Victoria, British Columbia, with refeicncc to the seizure in Behring's Sea, 70 miles from land, of the British sealing- ^chooner " Black Diamond," with her cargo of sealskins, and to the searching in these Wcrs, in the same locality, of the British schooner ♦' Triumph," by the United States' Rcvciuie-cutter " Richard Rush," and requesting that the attention of Her Majesty's Uovcrninent be invited thereto, with the earnest hope that an early assurance will be given S0( that British sulijects peacefully pursiiiiisf their lawful occnpatinns ou the hii;h scas will be protected. 1 have, &o. (Signed) Sl'ANLKY OF PRRSTON. Inclosurc 2 in No. 216. Report of tt Committer of the Honoiirahlr the Privy CouncU, approved li]i his Kircllency ty Governor-General in Couneil, August 2, IbSO. ON a Report, dated the 31st .)ul; . 1S89, from the Minister of Marine anrl Fisheries, submitting telegrams dated the 3()th nUi: .o, from E. C. Baker, Esq., M.F., and the Collector of Customs at Victoria, British Columbia, with reference to the seizure in tiio Behring's Sea, 70 miles from land, of the British scaling-schooncr " Black Diamond," with her cargo of sealskins, and to the searching in these waters, in the same locality, of the British schooner " Triumph," by the United States' Revenue-cutter " Richard Rush," the Master of the " Triumph " beins informed that innnunity from the seizure of his vessel was due solely to the fact that she had no sealskins on hoard. The Minister represents that four years have elapsed since the seizure of British sealing-vessels was commenced by the United States' authorities in tiic Behring's Sea, and the strong representations of Her Majesty's Ministers to the United States have only resulted in a continuance of the policy, and a declaration that such policy will be systematically pursued. The Committee advise that copies of the annexed telegrams be transmitted to the Right Honourable the Secretary of State for the Colonies, with the request that the attention of Her Majesty's Government be invited thereto, and with the earnest hope that an early assurance will be given that British subjects peacefully pursuing their lawful occupations on the high seas will be protected. All of which is respectfully submitted for approval. (Signed) .JOHN J. McGKE, Vierk, Privi/ Coimril. Inclosurc 3 iu No. 215. Mr. Croir Baker to the Minister of Marine and Fixheries, Ottawa. [Sec Inclosurc 2 in No. 211.] Inclosurc 4 in No. 2ir>. Mr. llamltli/ to the Hon. JVA. Bowell. (Telfp;r,nhic.) SCIiOONER "Triumph" searched by officer of United States' Rcvenui-cutter the lltl, J'.ly ill Bc!)ring's Sea. No skins. Vessel released. Olficer told Master tluit faiiii' iliiy '■■ Black Diamond," having skins, was seized. Both vessels 70 miles from land. Otiiccr siiid orders were to seize everv vessel, British or American, with skins on board. No. 21G. Colonial Office to Forvitates' authorities during the present fishing season. I am, &c. (Signed) T. H. SANDERSON. No. 218. Colonial Office to Foreign Office. — {Received September 3.) Sir, Downing Street, September 3, 1889. WITH reference to previous correspondence, and particularly to the letter from this Uej)artment of the L'Dth ultimo, 1 am directed by Lord Knutsford to transmit to you, to he laid before the Marquis of Salisbury, a copy of a further despatch from the Governor-()nneral of Canada, containing with other inclofair?: a cutting fVom a local ncffspapti' respecting the searching of ^he " Triumph," and a telegram from the Collector of Customs at Victoria in connection with the arrival of the "Black Diamond" at that port. r am to re(iueat that the inclosures to Loi'd Stanley's despatch may be returned to this Department when done with. I am, &c. (Signed) EDWARD WINGFIELD. fl28"| 2 R 306 JnfloMiix' 1 in No. 21^. Lord Stdiilri/ of I'rfston to Ijjrd Knul.i/ni|>i'oviil Miiiiiti.' ot' the I'rivy Council, siil)iiiittliii; ;i copv i>i .1 (lf>|)iil