BRVCE'S

MaHjiiiiiiiiiiiHmmaMHiaMBi

o^ueRiP

IP ^«id

■ifimnfmniimmiiiilfimijilniTHm^^

-TO-

T0E.01SrT0,

18 87.

anniiiysiiyQiiiiiiiiQiiiiniiniiiiiyiiiniiiiiaigiiiiiiPiii^

FJElX(D:Ei XO OEnSTTS.

tf:^2

■ '^ , ^ ' ■,. ■ ;■»*■■■ v,» ■.

' .a'

/f6y

Bryces Souvenir Guide to Toronto,

TORONTO OF TODAY,

WITH A

GLANCE AT THE PAST.

By G. mercer ADAM.

IT is not quite a hundred years since the
first Lieutenant-Governor of the now
great and thriving Province of Ontario came
to the scene of his early administrative duties,
which was I hen ahuost wholly a wilderness.
Fifty years earlier, and before Canada passed
forever from the dominion of France, Toronto
was known only as a French stockade and
trading post, situate near the mouth of the
Humber river, then Nature's highway of
communication for Indian tranper or warrior
to the Upper Lakes and the Far West. The
name, Toronto (which means '* "x place of
meeting "), was, however, in early days ap-
plied somewhat generally to the region lying
about Lake Simcoe, to the Humber river it-
self, as " the Pass at Toronto," meaning the
water*"ay connecting Lake Ontario with
Lakes Simcoe and Huron, the central chan-
nel of communication to the West, and
therefore the likely ** meeting- place" of

French and Indian voyageursand of roaming
bands of the native tribes that peopled or
frequented the district. But after the lapse
of years it was found convenient to limit the
area covered by the elastic term, and the name
Toronto came to be applied exclusively to
what its citizens now proudly designate '* the
Queen City of the West."

FO'JNDING OF YORK (NOW TORONTO).

With the coming, in 1 794, of Governor Sim-
coe, Toronto — or York, as it was at the time
called — was ushered into existence, and the
clearing then made was the beginning of the
infant capital. Under this sturdy soldier-
administrator of the old regime^ the town
rose at once, in name at least, to the dignity
of the metropolis of Upper Canada, though
at this early period both Kingston and New-
ark (Niagara) had better claims to the hon-
our. Its earliest buildings were two large

Entered, according to Act of the Parliament 0'' Canada, in the year One Thoasand Eight Hundred and
Eighty-Seven, by GR/f<ME Merger Adam, in .he Office of the Minister of Agriculture.

TORONTO OF TO-DAY, WITH

halls for the accommodation of the Provin-
cial Legislature (which first met at Niagara)
and the Courts of Justice, a vice-regal resi-
dence on the banks of the Don, and a fort
and barracks for His Majesty's troops, erected
at the mouth of the harbour. Almost con-
currently with the erection of these buildings
an arterial line of communication was cut by
the soldiery for thirty miles through the vir-
gin woods to the Holland River and the
waterways to the North and West, while a
post-road, traversing ^he Province, was also
he-vn out of the forest, giving access to the
heart of the Peninsula and the old Freach
settlements and English m^'^'cary posts at the
Detroit and beyond.

The human interest connected wi»h the site
of Toronto, at the period we have referred
to, may be said exclusively to centre in the
families of two Mississaga Indians whose sol-
itary wigwams were pitched on the wooded
shores of the harbour and lake. It is not a
little curious at the present day to note that
from these Indians, or from the representa-
tives of the tribe, the intruding white man
acquired the area on which the city is now
built for the munificent sum of ten shillings,
plus a little ** fire water," (even the pream-
ble of the Scott Act had not yet been
evolved I) sundry trinkets dear to the abori-
ginal heart, and an occasional issue of that
conventional Indian habiliment, a gay new
blank Jt. Nor were the pictorial and natural
aspects of the scene originally less primitive.
The whole region was in a state of nature,
for the forests clothed the land as with a
garment, and the reign of solitude was

supreme, save for the occasional cry of mus<
quash or loon, as they disported themselves
in the waters of the bay, or the soft fall of
an Indian paddle. An early writer makes
the remark that in a circumference of 150
miles the Indians are the only neighbours
of York.

EARLY SITE OF THE CITY.

To the eye of the shrewd first Governor,
however, the fine geographical position, the
capacious and well-sheltered harbour, and
the ready means of reaching the north and
west by *' the Pass at Toronto," strongly re-
commended the site of Toronto as a desirable
one for a future great city and the im-
mediate, if not permanent, Provincial capital.
What has since been achieved has amply jus-
tified Governor Simcoe's choice. At first,
the growth of the town was slow, though it
was aided by incoming bands of U.E. Loyal*
ists, who, at the close of the American Revo-
lution, gladly forfeited home and country to
live on, even in a wilderness, under the Old
Flag. But slow as was the growth, even
what there was was interfered with and set
back by the invading American forces in the
War of 18 1 2, which on two occasions burpt
and sncked the town. Despite this, however,
there was progress, for the solid qualities of
the English race which had founded it tri-
umphed over difficulties, and by the time the
town was incorporated (viz., in 1834) the
city of Toronto had a population close upon

IO,CXX).

GROWTH OF THE CITY.

In 1850 the population was under 30,-
000 ; the value of assessablo property was

A GLANCE AT THE PAST.

nearly fifteen millions ; and the imports
were one million. Ten years later, the pop-
ulation was under 50,000 ; the assessed
vrlue of real property within the municipality
was almost twenty millions ; while the im-
ports had risen to nearly three millions.
To-day (1887) the population, including the
suburbs, is close upon 140,000 ; the value of
taxable property is almost seventy-five mill-
ions ; and the city's annual imports about
twenty millions ! The strides in population,
in imports, and in the value of ratable prop-
erty are matched by Toronto's growth and
development in other directions, and by the
status to which the city has risen as the great
mart and distributing centre of industry and
commerce. The motive power of the city's
wonderful advancement, of course, is money,
aided by the ability, xhe energy, and the
shrewdness of its men of business, and by the
brawn and muscle of the toilers behind
them. Its financial resources maybe judged
from the fact that there are fourteen banias
(exclusive of branches and Savings Banks),
and as many more loan societies, besides a
host of building and investment societies ;
insurance, trust and deposit companies, the
aggregate capital of which cannot be far
short of a hundred millions !

The intellectual and moral growth of
Toronto, represented by the universities, col-
leges, schools and institutes, and by the
churches of all denominations, which latter
have given it tne appellation of ' ' the city of
churches," is no less gratifying. According
to a recent census, there are within the
municipal bounds of Toronto, 26 Episcopal

churches, 2 reformed Episcopal, 22 Methodist
churches, 18 Presbyterian, 11 Baptist, 9
Catholic, I Gatholic Apostolic, 7 Congrega-
tional, 4 of the denomination of the " Chris*
tian " church, i Unitarian, i German Luther-
an, I Jewish Synagogue, and some six
miscellaneous places of worship — in all 1 10
churches, exclusive of mission houses, and
the headquarters and branch barracks of the
Salvation Army. Did space permit, we
might give equally gratifying statistics as to
the number and capacity of the public and
secondary schools, of the various colleges and
seminaries of learning, and of the extent and
development of the local press with its
myriad daily, weekly, and monthly issues.
In these respects, as regards the religious
welfare, the education, and the enlightenment
of the people, as well as with respect to the
position the city holds as a trading and
manufacturing centre, it will be seen how far
the Toronto of to-day has advanced from the
embryo capital of the Simcoe regime^ or even
from the "Muddy Little York " of its me-
dieval history.

ATTRACTIONS AS A PLACE OF RESIDENCE.

On other accounts, however, may the
citizens of Toronto felicitate themselves on
the city's growth and development. To it,
we know, the rich Province of Ontario, with
not a little of the p:reat North -West, is
tributary. It has become a vast commercial
emporium, a great railway centre, the liter-
ary " hub " of the Dominion, the Mecca of
tourists, an Episcopal and Arch- Episcopal
See and the ecclesiastical headquarters of

TORONTO OF TO-DAY, WITH

many denominations, the seat of the law
courts, the Provincial Legislature, the uni-
versities, colleges and great schools of
learning. But, in addition to all these, it has
also become a most attractive place of resi-
dence. The shaded streets, the parks, the
cool breezes from the lake, with a pull to the
Humber, or to the many readily accessible
resorts on the water front extending east
and west of the ciiy, yachting on the lake,
an afternoon trip to Niagara, Grimsby,
Hamilton, or St. Catharines, or a run up
over Sunday to the Muskoka lakes, and the
Georgian Bay, make a summer residence in
the Provincial metropolis a joy and delight.
Nor are the means of passing the winter en-
joyably and instructively — with access to
libraries, museums, and art -galleries, besides
the attractions of lectures, concerts, operas,
etc., — less pleasing or abundant. But
Toronto has attractions to others than tour-
ists and strangers : to our own people in
different parts of the Dominion, and particu-
larly to the youth of both sexes in our
country towns, — not only at Fair times, but
at all seasons of the year, — a visit to the
Provincial metropolis, in its stimulus to the
intellectual life, is becoming more and more
an education. Besides its varied modern
life and its commercial and intellectual
activities, Toronto is not lacking in an his-
toric past, and, as antiquity goes in the New
World, it has not a little to feed and to grat-
ify the historic memory. In this utilitarian
age this may not count for much, except with
the antiquary and the literary and historical
student. Such we can imagine, however.

wending their way to the site of the Old
Fort, just west of the Queen's Wharf, where,
in i8t3, over two hundred of an invading
American force wee, with their leader,
blown into the air.

THE city's pioneers AND MODERN
WORKERS.

Nor will the restful and picturesque ceme-
teries that slope down to the classic Don fail
to draw the historical student who has vividly
in his mind the stirring events and the burn-
ing questions of an earlier time. Here,
where sleep the city's honoured dead, may be
seen the granite column which filial affection
has reared to the loving memory of that ar-
dent patriot, Robert Baldwin. Near by are •
the last resting-places of statesmen, chief
justices, chancellors, judges, the chiefs of
commerce and industry, and numberless now
forgotten men, whose names were once
*' household words " in the early days of
Upper Canada. Nor will the University,
the colleges, the churches, the museums, the
art rooms, the public libraries, with the
ofBces of those great agencies of public
opinion, the city dailies, be omitted by the
visitor to the now cosmopolitan city. On
all sides will the intelligent observer, as he
makes the tour of the rapidly-growing capi-
tal, find material to interest and doubtless to
instruct him. Nor can we imagine him failing
to pay his respects to the many distinguished
citizens among the judiciary and the heads of
colleges in Toronto, or to the large circle who
as politicians, litteratures^ journalists, clergy^
men, educationists, or men of commerce, are

A GLANCE AT THE PAST.

doing the country's work, and in their sphere
are creditably aiding to build up our young
but progressive nation.

THE CITY AND HOW TO SEE IT.

The visitor to Toronto, whether he ar-
rives by boat at one of the wharves, or by
rail, at the Union station, will hardly fail to
be impressed by the extent of the traffic
that will instantly meet his eyes on landing
and on making his way to one or other of the
hotels, or to the various lines of street rail-
way which branch off from the neighbourhood
of the Esplanade to all parts of the city.
(Consult map and chart of the tram-car routes,
at the end of this guide.) The city, it will
be found, covers an area some five miles in
breadth {i.e., parallel with the lake) by
nearly three miles in depth {i.e., N. and S.,
or running back from the water front). It
lies flat, with a rising inclination towards the
northern limits. The streets, which are well
paved and lighted, are neatly laid out, regular-
ly built,, and cross each other, almost without
deviation, at right angles. It is computed
that there are i8o miles of streets within the
limits of the city. The chief streets devoted
to retail business are King and Queen, run-
ning parallel with the bay and a few blocks
north of it, and Yonge Street, cleaving the
city in twain and extending to the northern
limits of the county of York. The area of
the busitiess portion of the city occupied by
the large wholesale houses, the banks, finan-
cial institutions, loan and insurance com-
panies, the government and municipal offices.

etc., may be indicated as that between

Front and the Esplanade and Adelaide Street,

and l)etween Bay Street and the Market. The

residential part of the city lies chiefly to the

north and the west of the business section,

I and is well set off and ornamented by neat

I villas and rows of detached or semi-detjched

houses, with boulevards, lawns and fine shade

i trees. The best way to see the city, its

: principal buildings and places of interest, the

'; tourist will find, is to take a carriage (which

' can be hired for one dollar an hour) and make

I two tours, starting, say, from the intersection

of Yonge and Front Streets — one embracing

all the sights to the east and north, the other

all that is important to the west and north.

Presuming that the visitor to the city will

take our advice, the following itinerary and

brief notes of the objects and places of irter-

est to be met with are supplied : —

PLACES OF INTEREST.

From our starting point — crossing the Es-
planade, in the grip of the railways, and
leaving behind us the throng and bustle of
the railway stations and the wharves, the
visitor will find at the intersection of Yonge
and Front Streets two fine buildings, which
will not fail to arrest his attention. These
are the Custom House, and the new building
erected for the Toronto agency of the Bank
of Montreal.

The Custom House. — This fine building
combines elegance and grace with massive-
ness and substantiality, typical of the solid
character of Toronto's commerce. The Cus-
tom House, with the examining warehouse

TORONTO OF TO-DAY, WITH

in rear, are indicative of the new architectur-
al era which we have reached in Toronto,
and are fine examples of artistic designing; in
the style of the Italian Renaissance. The
sculptured faces and figures and the other fine
work in stone cutting on the building reveal
exceptional art taste. The "Long Room,"
where the entries are made, is well worth a
visit. The Customs business done at this
port rates the city the second port of entry in
the Dominion and marks it the great com-
mercial emporium of the Province. The
annual value of the imports is not far short of
twenty millions. There is a staff employed
of nearly seventy clerks, including landing-
waiters, surveyors and examining officers.

Bank of Montreal.— The exterior and
interior beauty of the building recently erec-
ted for the first of our banking corporations
in Canada is a liiatter of just pride to the
citizens of Toronto. The structure, which is
but one storey in height, replaces a building
which has long been identified with this sub-
stantial institution. The corner, on which it
stands, with its trees, its chattering birds, and
enclosed patch of grass, has a sort of Thread-
needle street air about it ; and the reminis-
cence oi London is more striking as one walks
inside the dome-covered building and views
the spacious, richly-gilt, octagonal room, with
its metal-screened banking sections, its circu-
lar counter, its hordes of money, and throng
of merchants and other customers going and
coming. The building is of Ohio stone, near-
ly square in shape, and the style is that of the
French Renaissance. On the two street fac-
ings are some finely-carved columns, with em-
blematic designs below the- caps, supporting
a a . stone cornice and pediment, above
which again is a cut stone screen with a carved
balustrade. The capital of the bank is twelve
millions ; its Toronto manager is Mr. C.
Brough. (See illustration.)

From this centre radiate streets given up
to commerce, whose massive warehouses may
be seen on all sides, each business firm seem-

ing lo vie with one another in domicilii^ it-
self in elegant and commodious premises,
with the best facilities for handling and dis-
playing goods and for comfortably doing
business. At the north-east corner is the
American Hotel, and a block and a half
westward is the far-famed hostelry, "The
Queen's." Just beyond the latter, on the
Esplanade, is the Union Station, the pro-
vincial metropolitan terminus of the two
great railway corporations of Canada, the
Grand Trunk and the Canadian Pacific
R.R. Companies. A little further west-
ward is the Northern and North-Western
R. R. station ; and half way thither, on the
block to the north, stand the present time-
scarred buildings, — pending the erection in
the Queen's Park of a more fit and imposing
structure, — devoted to the uses of the Par-
liament of the Province and the De-
partmental bureaux. Proceeding northward
on Yonge Street, we come at the intersection
of Wellington upon the Bank of British
North America, and the office of the Traders*
Bank ; east and west of these are the head-
quarters of the financial corporations, — the
Federal, Standard, Ontario, Toronto, and
Imperial Banks, the local branches of the
Merchants' Bank, and two Canadian and
American mercantile agencies, together with
the offices, surrounded by congeries of wires,
of the Great North-Western and the Cana-
dian Pacific Telegraph Companies. Pursu-
ing our way still northward, we pass the
Canadian Express offices, the present head
office, — about to be removed to a new and
enlarged site on King Street, — of the Cana-
dian Bank of Commerce, and finally reach
ihe city's most central point, the intersection
of King and Yonge Streets, at the south-
west corner of which stands the Dominion
Bank. Here the dense traffic and throng of
vehicles will not permit of more than a mo-
ment's pause, though the visitor, who is on
foot, will no doubt be tempted to turn aside
to have a look into the shops or the shop

A GLANCE AT THE PAST.

windows, the contents of which furnish im-
pressive proof of the city's wealth and buying
capacity, as well as of the enterprise ano
taste of its native manulacturing and import-
ing houses.

Proceeding eastward on King Street (see
illustration) we pass the offices of the great
organ of Liberalism, The Globe, and many
of the finest retail stores in the city, and
reach Toronto Street, at the upper end of
which is the Post Office, the proximity of
which has attracted to the neighbourhood a
number of the leading financial and money-
lending institutions, insurance companies,
and business corporations.

Post Office : — This handsome building
(see illustration), situate on Adelaide, at the
head of Toronto Street, is, with the Custom
House, the property of the Dominion Gov-
ernment, and is one of the most substantial
and elegant edifices in the city. It is con-
structed of richly wrought Ohio stone, with
a finely carved facade^ with the Royal arms
oyer the entrance, and from the dome or
Mansard roof the Union Jack may generally
be seen Hying. Its volume of business ranks
it first among the post offices of the Domin-
ion ; and with its branches in various sections
of the city and its system of pillar boxes and
street delivery it abundantly meets the wants
of the citizens. It has a staft' of nearly 150
employees, including letter sorters and post-
men.

In Toronto Street is the Receiver-Gen-
eral's Office, a cut stone building, after
the Graeco-Ionic order of architecture ; and
alongside is the Masonic Buildings, con-
taining a fine hall and the various offices of
the Masonic order. In the neighbourhood,
also, is the Courti House, and the local Scot-
land Yard, the headquarters of the Police
Department and the Fire Brigade. Re-
gaining King Street, and turning eastward,
we come upon St. James's Cathedral.
This fine historic edifice rears its noble spire
to the heavens from a suitable enclosure at

the intersection of Kine and Church Streets.
It is the third edifice of its name, fire having
consumed its early prototypes. The building
is in the Gothic style, of the earlv English
period, and is built of white brick, dressed
with Ohio stone. Its length is about 200
feet, the width of transept 95 feet, and the
height to the ridge crestings 84 feet. At its
entrance is a great towvjr, with fii>e peal ot
bells and an illuminated clock ; and from the
tower a graceful spire shoots aloft, some 300
feet from the ground. It has a grand nave
and spacious aisles, with apsidal chancel,
underneath which, in a crypt, sleep the first
Bishop of Toronto, John Strachan, D.D.,
and its long-time rector, the beloved Dean
Grasett. There arc galleries on the three
sides, that on the south being appropriated
to the uses of the organist and choir.

The Public Library, immediately to
the north of the Cathedral, at the intersection
of Church and Adelaide Streets, is well
worth a visit. The nucleus of the institution
was the old Toronto Mechanics' Institute,
which, on the passing of the Free Library
Act, — a bit of intelligent and far-seeing Pro-
vincial legislation, — ^became merged into the
Free Public Library. It is supported by an
annual municipal tax, of $25,000, some por-
tion of which is devoted to the maintenance
of branches in the northern and western parts
of the city. There is a spacious reading-
room, abundantly supplied with magazines
and newspapers, local and foreign, a well-
selected lending library of some 50,000 vol-
umes, including a valuable comprehensive
reference department, the gift, in the main,
of a public-spirited citizen. li is under the
supervision of an able and experienced chief
librarian, Mr. James Bain, jr., who is assisted
by a zealous deputy, and ft corps of intelligent
young women.

A little further southward, on King, is
tho St. Lawrence Hall, in rear of which
arf the chief markets of the city, the City
Hall and corporation offices, the Armoury

TORONTO OF TO-DAY, WITH

and Dkill Shed of the militia local corps,
and the east*end station of the Northern k
North-Western R.R. To the east of this,
there is little that will interest the sight-
seer, unless he has the tastes of an antiquary,
for the city has grown north and west of its
old time Mayfair, the sight of the primitive
Westminster, the first Provincial Parliament
Buildings, and the cradling-place of To-
ronto. Crossing the Don river, the old
eastern limits of the city, there is, however,
a pleasant drive to Norway and Scarboro
Heights, in the vicinity of which is Woodbine
Park, Toronto's race course, and Victoria
Park, a lake-sidesummer resort of the citizens.
Returning to the Market, the visitor to the
city will do well to proceed up Jarvis, the
finest residential street in Toronto, on which
he will find, in the Baptist Church, at the
• corner of Gerrard, one of the most beautiful
specimens of church. architecture the city can
boast of. Just above, is the Toronto Col-
legiate Institute, one of the best of the
secondary schools in the Province, with a
high record of University honours. If we
are cot mistaken, it is, moreover, the oldest
educational institution in the city, being one
of the original Royal Grammar schools en-
dowed by the Crown shortly after the crea-
tion of Upper Canada as a Province. It has
seven masters, and has accommodation for
400 pupils. The Rector is Arch McMurchy,
M.A. Occupying a square, some ten acres
in extent, flanked by Gerrard, Carleton, and
Sherbourne Streets, are the beautiful Horti-
cultural Gardens and Pavilion. This
sbiine of Flora is owned by a private com-
pany but is leased to the Corporation, and is
open to the public every day from 6 a.m. till
dusk. The j^rounds are laid out with great
taste, and with a fine eye for floral adorn-
ment. Within the enclosure is a tastefully
d4»%ned m«Mie hall, nsed as a concert wad
ball room, and occasionally for public Imn-
qnett, fioral dMws» and other displays aiE^
entertainments.

Proceeding northward, eitljer by Jarvis cr
by Sherbourne Streets, we come to Bloor
street and Rosedale Ravine, (see illustra-
tion) across which are thrown two fine
bridges, which give access to a beautiful su-
burb of Toronto and to delightful drives
about the Valley of the Don. In the neigh-
bourhood, on the city's side, at the top of
Parliament Street, are the old burial sites,
the Necropolis and St. James' Cemetery,
where sleep, amid the sombre pines that
fiank the Don, relieved by blossoming shrubs
and flower parterres y *' the rude forefathers
of the hamlet "—the old time " Little York,"
with their offspring of a later generation.

On the hither fide of the Ravine, a plea-
sant drive by hill and dale will conduct one
to the Reservoir (see illustration), the
great storehouse of the city's water supply,
drawn from the lake by powerful pumping
engines on the Esplanade. At Deer Park, a
little further to the north, is Mount Pleas-
ant Cemetery (see illustration), another
quiet "city of the dead," picturesquely
situated, and bidding fair in time to rival
*» Greenwood," " Bethnal Green," or ''P^re
la Chaise. " Our drive will take us back by
Yonge Street and Yorkville, a once-outlying
suburb of Toronto, but now well within its
limits. In this section of the city, called
North Toronto, there is a station of the
Canada Pacific R.R., and to it a line of
tram-cars ply every few minutes.

IHE education department, AND THE

school system.

Continuing our drive city-ward, by Yonge
Street, we rfiall do well to turn eastward
into Gerrard, to reach St. James' Square, on
the northern side of which are the College
of Pharmacy and an elegant Ptesbyierian
Church, and, on the southern side, the Holy
Apostolic Church. In the centre of the
square, in an attractive enclosure, are The
Education Office, !<ormal and Model
School Buildings. Here are the head-

A GLANCE AT THE PAST.

quarters of the educational system of the
Province, presided over by the Hon. G. W.
Ross, M. P. P., Minister of Education. (See
illustration.) These fiLt buildings, the cor-
ner stone of which was laid in 185 1, by Lord
Elgin, the then Governor-General, have ap-
proaches from three streets, the grounds of
the south front being tastefully laid out in
gay and artistically arranged parterres. The
main building has a frontage of 185 feet,
with a depth at the flanks of 85 feet. There
is a fine Roman- Doricybfa</(?, having for its
centre four stone pilasters the full height of
the building, with pediment, surmounted by
an open Doric cupola. Opposite the main
entrance, which is intersected by a corridor,
the entire length of the building, is a semi-
circular theatre or lecture-room, with busts
of notable personages on brackets and pedes-
tals round the walls. The lower floor of the
front of the building is used as oflices, the
Ministers' audience room, and the library.
Upstairs is the art gallery and museum, con-
taming a large and miscellaneous collection
of pictures and statuary, copies of the Old
Masters and other famous paintings, with
models of Assyrian and Egryptian sculpture.
The buildings annexed are used as a Model
School for the youth of both sexes, and a
Normal School for the professional training
of teachers. For nearly forty years, as tL«*
writer has elsewhere observed (see *' Pic-
turesque Canada " — Toronto section) these
buildmgs have been the nursery of the educa-
tional system of Ontario, a system originated,
and for nearly a quarter of a century ad*
ministered, by the late Rev. Dr. Ryerson.
This honG:ued founder of our school system,
who was designated Chief Superintendent of
Education, has an able, zealous and ex-
perienced successor in the person of the
present head of the department, who is
styled Minister of Education.

In this connection, it will not be amiss to
direct the attention of the visitor to Toronto
to the many excellent Public Schools

maintained by the city, with the aid of a
government grant. There are nearly twenty
of these in various parts of the city, most of
them large, commodious and handsome
buildings. They are all well equipped, and
are conducted by competent head-masters,
aided by an efficient staff. The largest of
these institutions are Ryerson, Dufferin,
Wellesley Street and Victoria Street schools.
The head offices of the city schools are on
York Street, corner of Richmond, Mr.
James Hughes is City School Inspector.

ST. Michael's and the metropolitan

CHURCH.

Continuing our drive, and going south by
Bond Street, we pass a fine edifice, in the
style of early English Gothic, with a hand-
some tower and spire, belonging to the Con-
gregational body. The pastor is the Rev.
Dr. Wild. A little to the southward is the
Loretto Convent, and at the intersection of
Shuter Street is St. Michael's (R.C.)
Cathedral. (See illustration.) The build-
ing, which extends from Bond to Church
Street, with an entrance also from Shuter,
is massive and lofty. It has a fine tower and
spire, and within the sacred edifice are sev-
eral valuable paintings and ornate altars.
In the spacious grounds adjoining, known as
McGill Square, stands one of the largest
ecclesiastical edifices on this side of the At*
lantic, and perhaps the greatest adornment
to Toronto, the METRoroLiTAN (Method-
ist) Church. (See illustration.) This fine
edifice may be said to owe its origin to the
denominational zeal and ability of the Rev.
Dr. Morley Punshon, who for some time
made Toronto his home, and did much for
Methodi'.m in Canada. The building is of
fine white brick, with cut stone dressings,
and is in the Franco-Gothic style of architec-
ture, fourteenth cer*ury period. Its dimen-
sions are 214 ft. by 104 ft., with a tower at
the south-east angle 16 ft. square and nearly
200 ft. in height. There are two other

TORONTO OF TO-DAY, WITH

towers, 122 ft. in height, at the northern end,
at the junction of the main building with the
ecture-room. The interior of the building,
the general design and harmony of the whole,
excite much admiration. Its seating capacity
is 2,500. It has the finest organ in the city.
Immediately to the south, on Queen Street
east, is a building with a fine hall, erected
by the Orange Order for the Couaty of York.
In the rear, on Richmond Street, is the
Canadian Institute, with a library and
lecture hail, supported by the savants of the
city and those interested in scientific research.
On Yonge Street, which we now regain, will
be found the new and attractive home, near
Gerrard Street, of the Young Men's Chris-
tian Association ; and branching off a
little westward will be found in succession as
we descend Yonge Street, the Church of
THE Holy Trinity, the gay buildings of
the Salvation Army ; on Queen Street,
Knox Church and Shaftesbury Hall ;
and on Adelaide street, " The Grand " and
Toronto Opera Houses. Yonge Street Ar-
cade, opposite Temperance Street, will attract
attention as we regain the intersection of
Yonge and King, and turn westward to com-
mence our second drive " to see the sights of
the city."

KING street west.

This part of King Street bids fair to
eclipse the older portion east of Yonge, for,
besides the many fine buildings that at pres-
ent grace the street and impress the visitor
with the wealth and enterprise of the city,
nunicrous and costly additions are now being
made, which will give the palm to this busi-
ness section of Toronto. Here are now in
course of erection, the new offices of the
Canada Life Association, and the central
and finely situated quarters of the Canadian
Bank of Commerce. When these build-
ings are finished, the architectural display in
this neighbourhood will be something to
boast of. Already it includes the Dominion

Bank, the North of Scotland Cham-
bers, MoLSONS Bank the office of *• The
Telegram " newspaper, and the imposing
building, at the north-west corner of Kine
and Bay Streets, owned by •' The Mail"
Printing and Publishing Co. Close by, on
Bay Street, are The National Club,
*' The Albany," and to the south some re-
markably fine wholesale stores and manufac-
turing establishments. On Wellington Street
is the Reform Club, and on York, the To-
ronto Club, adjoining the Rossin House,
Toronto's most commodious, and withal
well-managed and well-equipped hotel. At
the other corners, at the intersection of King
and Yoik, are the Revere House, Palmer
House, and Shakespeare Hotel; with
the Walker House and St. James Hotel
at the foot of York, in proximity to the
Union Station.

ST. Andrew's church.

Proceeding westward on King, Presbyte-
rianism, of the Old Scotch Establishment
sort, rears a noble fane, with an Old World
Minster front, and a lofty Norman tower,
that takes one back in imagination more than
half a dozen centuries, save for the absence
of the marks left by the tooth of time and
an encrusting mass of ivy. At the corner of
Simcoe Street stands, in massive outline, St.
Andrew's Church, one of the grand orna-
ments Ok' the city. The church is built of
Georgetown rubble, with Ohio stone facings,
varied. In the arches and bands, by red-
brown blocks from Queenston. The windows
are arched, as are the King| Street entrances,
of which there are three, with elaborate carv-
ings, the doorways being flanked by finely-
polished red granite pillars. The interior is
el^ant and roomy. (See illustration.)

Government House :— The elegant resi-
dence (immediately to the west of St. An-
drew's Church) of*^ the Lieutenant-Governor
of the Province has a charming setting of
floral terraces and spacious lawns, with a fine

A GLANCE AT THE FAST.

fringe, within a new and airy enclosure, of
ornamental trees and shrubs. The stvie of
archit»»cture is the modern French. Tne in-
terior is handsome, uith grand hall and stair-
case, spacious reception rooms, and t\ fine
ball room and conservatory. To the histori-
cal studen*: the many life-size oil portraits of
the later Governors of Ontario and of the
older regime^ in Upper Canada, are an
attraction.

Upper Canada College :— Charmingly
and centrally situated, and occupying the
block between Simcoe and John, with a fine
approach from King Street, stands the fav-
ourite educational institution of the Province,
Upp'CR Canada College. As antiquity
goes Ji the New World, th3 College may be
said to have a venerable foundation ; and
with the hallowed flavour of age, it not only
keeps but increases its repute as an institu-
tion abreast with the times, and one that may
favourably compare with the best of the great
English Public Schools, such as Eton, Win-
chester, Harrow, and Rugby. Founded by
Sir John Colborne, in 1829, it had the good
fortune to be then well endowed by the
Crown ; but recently this has somewhat
proved its undoing, for the Legislature, with
socialistic fervour, attacked the College as a
privileged institution, deprived it of its en-
dowment, and decreed its removal 'vith the
sale of its time-honoured site. Where its
future habitat is to be^ as yet no man
knoweth. With an able and zealous
principal (George Dickson, M. A.), a large
and well-equipped staff, and honours and
traditions that uught to count for some-
thing, even in an age given over to democ-
racy, public opinion and the spirit of its
alumni will not suffer, we may be sure, its
sun to set. Within the present grounds of
the institution are the residences of many
of the masters, the College Boarding
Houses, with accommodation for 150 boys,
a fine gymnasium, armoury, and play-
ground.

old historic residences, and osgoode

HALL.

Turning northward, on John, and skirting
the College cricket-ground, we pass ** Bev-
erley House," the historic home of the late
Chief Justice, Sir J<An Beverley Robinson.
At the head of the street we see another his>
toric residence — the oldest and most attractive
in the city — '* The Grange," built by the
late Judge Boulton, and still in the possession
of a member of the family by marriage, the wife
of Professor Goldwin Smith. In the beauti-
fully-kept grounds, ample and well-trimmed
lawns, with ancient elms placidly looking
down upon the scene, "The Grange" recalls a
bit of Old England. At the intersection of
Queen street, the visitor will do well to turn
eastwards towards Osgoode Hall, the high
court of Themis. Here, in some six acres of
ornamental ground, are the great law courts
of the Province, and the Library and Convo-
cation Hall of the Law Society of Upper
Canada. The place is, with the Provincial
University, the Mecca of Toronto sight-seers.
Under its roof, as the writer has elsewhere
said, the visitor will feel alike the influences
of art and the majeity of law ; the portraits of
the judges that look down from the walls will
impress him with a sense of the power that
inheres in learning and dignity. The Hall
takes its name from the Hon. Wm. Osgood e»
the first Chief Justice of Upper Canada, who
was appointed in 1792 ; the Law Society
dates its incorporation thirty years later. (See
illustration.)

college avenue.

Leaving this beautiful building, we shall
do well to turn into the Queen Street Col-
lege Avenue, where, if the day be one in
summer, we shall get a glimpse of sylvan
beauty such as rarely meets the eye. For the
tourist the city has no sight so charming,
unless it be a view of the bay on a still after-
noon when the setting sun paves it with
flame. A mile of chestnuts and maples flank

TORONTO OF TO-DAY, WITH

a carriage drive and pathway which, in the
vista, open out on the Queen's Park, and the
buildings now in course of erection for the
Provincial Legislature. Half way up the
avenue, on the left, the high pinnacled tower
of Erskine (Presbyterian) Church, and
the spire of St. Patrick's (R.C.) may be seen
through the trees ; adjoining the former is
the Chapel of the Reformed Episcopal
body. On the right, the spire of Elm St.
Methodist Church b.eaks through the foli-
age, and close by is the fine front of Grace
Church (Episcopal).

queen's park.

Presently the intersection of Yonge St. '
Avenue is reached, and we pass into the |
verdurous sunlight of the open park, guarded ;
at its entrance by a couple of Russian guns, i
In a terraced enclosure a fountain is playing,
its cool waters breaking in spray on a maze
of bright flowers and green <-hrubbery.
Queen's Park forms part of the endowment
of the University of Toronto ; but some thirty
years ago fifty acres of it, together with the
two avenues that lead from the city, were
given to the corporation on a long lease for
the purpose of a public park. Unfortunately,
as we venture to think, much of its limited
space is being unwisely encroached upon by
the new Parliament Buildings. Skirting the
latter on the west, the carriage drive discloses
a Monument, on an abutment overlooking
a ravine, which has a sad tale to tell. It was
erected in memory of the Canadian volun-
teers who fell at Ridgeway, in June, 1866, in
defending the frontier from Fenian raiders.
Near by is another monument, the stalwart
figure, in bronze, of the Hon. George
Brown, a Canadian journalist and states-
man, whose sturdy liberalism effected much
in his day for the young nation.

Proceeding northwards, on the right will
be seen, the buildings of St. Michael's
(R.C.) College and St. Joseph's Convent
and, opposite the park exit, the Church of

I THE Redeemer. Immediately to the west-
j ward, within the University grounds, is a
striking and unique building. (See illustra-
tion.)

McMas'IER Hall, the denominational
college of the Baptist body. It is built of
a rich, dark-brown stone, with dressings of
black and red brick — a reversal of the usual
methods of architects and builders. The
college is the gift of the donor whose name it
bears, and possesses all appliances for the
the theological training of the ministry of the
denomination. It is affiliated with Toronto
University and College (see illustration),
which in retracing our steps and getting again
within the park, we shall now take a look at.

TORONTO university.

This grand Norman pile is justly considered
the flower and glory of Toronto's architecture.
It deservedly ranks next, in architectural at-
tractiveness, to the Parliament Buildings at
Ottawa ; and is said by an English writer to
be the only piece of collegiate architecture on
the American continent worthy of standing-
room in the streets of Oxford. The solidity
and beauty of the structure, and the harmony
of the whole design, are features that at once
arrest attention, while the richly-sculptured
doorway at the main entrance and other de-
tails of the building, both inside and out,
afterwards delight the eye and elicit approv-
ing comment. The buildings were erected
in 1857-8, at a cost of over half a million of
dollars. They have a frontage of three hun-
dred feet and a depth of two hundred and
fifty feet. A fine view of the city may be
had from t^-? tower, which is one hundred
and twenty . "et in height. (See illustration.)
Across the »pacious lawn in front of the
Universit ' U the Ontarjo School of Prac-
tical Science, and alongside, the Domin-
ion Observatory. In rear, facing McCaul
Street, is

Wycliffe College, the theological hall
of the evangelical section of the Anglican

A GLANCE AT THE PAST.

Church, affiliated with Toronto University.
In the neighbourhood also, is the fine audito-
rum of the University Young Men's Christian
Association. Pursuing our way westward,
on College Street, we pass Beverley Street,
and its northern extension, St. George Street
(two of the finest residential streets in the
western section of the city), reaching in a few
minutes the great western artery, bpadina
Avenue. Close by, with a fine outlook down
the Avenue, the gleaming lake in the vista,
stands

KNOX COLLEGE AND NORTH-WEST
TORONTO.

Knox College {see illustration), the de-
nominational western headquarters of Pres-
byterianisra, and training institution for the
ministry of the Presbyterian Church. The col-
lege dates its existence from the year 1846,
though the present buildings were erected
when this tine site was acquired, in 1875. ^t
has a partial endowment and a denomination-
al grant. At the intersection of College
Street and the Avenue, is the Spadina Ave-
nue Methodist Church, and to the west-
waid the Church of St. Stephen the Proto-
Mar^'T, College Street Presbyterian and
Baptist Churches. About a mile due north-
ward, the foundation stone has recently been
laid, and some progress since made, in erect-
ing, under the fostering care of Dr. Sweat-
man, Anglican Bishop of Toronto, the Ca-
the(fral Church of St. Albans. The enter-
prise marks the growth of Toronto and the
apostolic zeal and faithfulness of the Lord
Bishop of the Diocese. The city's ever-
brancning-out arms now enclose Sraton
Village, a once far-outlying Toronto
suburb.

From the point we have reached in our
drive, our cicerone may conduct us over the
city's western suburbs, either across the
ravine, in rear of Trinity University, which
connects College Street with the Dundas
Road, or by way of Bathurst Street or Spadina

avenue to Queen Street, thence west to Park-
dale anH Brockton. It may be better to take
the latter route ; and, following it, we shall
pass in succession St. Andrew's Market, and
Denison Avenue Presbytetian Church, the
one a little way oft Queen Street to the south,
and the other a few steps from the sime street
to the north. F irsuing our way westward
we come upon the beautiful graunds (see il-
lustration) of

trinity college, BROCKTON, AND

parkdale.

Trinity University, a fine ecclesias-
tical-looking edifice, founded in 1852 by
the first bishop appointed by the Crown
for Upper Canada, John Strachan, D.D.
The buildini» proper is of white brick, with
stone dressings, and has a frontage of 250
feet, with deep projecting wings. It stands
in a park o^" twenty acres, with a background
of romantic beauty ; and, besides numerous
class-rooms and dormitories, is equipped with
a fine library, convocaMon hall, and tasteful
chapel. A little westward, on the opposite
side of the street, is an immense high-walled
enclosure, within which is the Provincial
Lunatic Asylum, and to the south are the
Central Prison and the Mercer Re-
formatory FOR Women. Still westward,
are the Orphans' Home, the Home rcr
Incurables, and one or two other refuges
for the city's sick and suffering or the erring
and the homeless.

West and north of the Asylum are the fast-
growing suburban villages of Parkdale and
Brockton ; and where was but lately an al-
most unbroken forest of oak and yellow pine
is a vast network of streets and avenues, with
handsome villas and rows of contiguous
streets, creating a new and populous Toronto.
The visitor, before retracing his steps, if he
wishes to see something of the sylvan beauty
of Toronto's immediate surroundings, should
continue his drive along the lake shore to the

TORONTO OF TO-DAY, WITH

Humber River and on, say, to Mimico, or
take a lour over hill and dale through High
Park, rezenily acquired by the cit^, by the
muuificence of one of its public-spirited resi-
dents, as a resort for the citizens.

EXHIBITION BUILDINGS.

Returning, if it be Fair time, the visitor
will do well to drive to Exhibition Park,
and take a look at its many attractions and
a saunter through the Crystal Palace
<see illustration), with its displays of Pro-
vincial and Metropolitan manufactures and,
in the adjoining buildings, at the array
of agricultaral products gathered together
annually by the Industrial Exhibition
Association. He should not miss either,
a run through the *' Zoo," or the view, from
the main building, of the Island, the passing
traffic of the lake, and the throng of visitors
in the spacious grounds, with the fine me-
morial pillar, which marks the site of Fort
Rouill^, the early French trading-post of To-
ronto, before the fair " Queen City of the
West " had a habitation, or was more than a
beautiful, far-off dream.

THP end.

RESORTS IN THE CITY AND
VICINITY.

{Including Public Parks and Drives,)

Queen's Park, Exhibition Park, Horticul-
tural Gardens, The Island, High Park,
Riverdale Park, Lome Park, Long Branch,
Victoria Park, Woodbine Race Course, To-
ronto Cricket Grounds, Rosedale Lacrosse
Grounds, The Reservoir, The Necropolis,
St. James's and Mount Pleasant Cemeteries ;
Jarvis Street, Rosedale, and the Valley of
the Don ; Norway, Todmorden, and the
Kingston Road ; Lakeshore Road, High
Park, and the Humber ; Bathurst Street,
Seaton Village, Davenport Road, and St.
Gecorge and Beverley Streets ; College
Avenue, Queen's Park, Bloor Street, Deer
Park and Yonge Street. ,

CATHEDRALS AND CHURCHES.

St. Tan es's (Episcopal) Cathedral, St.
Michael's ,R.C.) Cathedral, St. Albans
(Episcopal) Cathedral [in course of erection],
St. Andrew's Church, Jnrvis Street Baptist
Church, Metropolitan (Methodist) Church,
Old St. Andrew's, St. James Square (Presb.)
Church, Knox Church, St. George's, Cen-
tral Presbyterian, Erskine Church, Caiieton
Methodist Church, Church of the Ascension,
Church of our Lady of Lourdes (R.C.)
Zion Church,

public buildings and educational

INSTii'UTIONS.

Toronto University (Museum and Libra-
ry) ; Osgoode Hall (High Courts and Libra-
ry) ; Education Office and Normal School
(Museum, Art Gallery, and Library) ; Trin-
ity (Epis.) University; WyclifFe (Epis.)
College ; Knox (Pres.) College ; McMaster
(Baptist) Hall; St. Michael's (R.C.) Col-
lege ; Upper Canada College ; Collegiate
Institute; Exhibition BuiMings (Fort Rouill^
Memorial Pillar) ; Volunteers' Monument
(Queen's Park) ; Custom House ; Post Of-
fice ; Receiver-General's Office ; jtJ^nk of
Montreal ; Parliament Buildings and Libra-
ry ; Manning Arcade ; Yonge St. Arcade ;
St. Lawrence Hall and Market ; Free Pub-
lic Library ; Canadian Institute ; General
Hospital; Hall of the College of Physi-
cians ; School of Practical Science ; Toronto
and Trinity Medical Schools ; La Salle In-
stitute ; Loretto Convent ; Mercer Reform-
atory ; Central Prison ; House of Provi-
dence ; Hospital for' Incurables ; Newsboys'
Home ; Children's Home (Island) ^ Boys'
Home ; Girls' Home ; Toronto Water
Works ; Lunatic Asylum and Grounds ;
Royal Canadian V^acht Club ; Toronto Club ;
National Club ; Liberal Club ; Government
House ; Grand Opera House ; Toronto
Opera House ; Shatte^lHiry Hall ; Horticul-
tural Pavilion ; Young Men's Christian As-
sociation Building ; Toronto Observatory ;
Salvation Army Headquarters Barracks.

A GLANCE AT THE PAST

The Street Car Routes.

CAMS MARKED.

COLOR
LIGHT.

King..
Yonge

Queen & High Park . .

Queen & Brockton

McCaul A College ....

Spadina Ave. to Seaton

Village

Spadina Ave. to Bloor
Queen East

Yonge St. to North

Toronto

Church

Sherboi'.rne

Winchester

Blue,
Red.

White ....
Green ....
Red & Blue

Yellow ....
Red&Green
White ....

Red .
Blue,
Red

Parliament

College Ave. & Carle-
ton Street

Green . .

White

8TA RTINQ
POINT.

Don Bridge . . .
Market

Union Station

41
«l
II
II

Cross Town .

ROUTE (a Cent JFaret).

King St. to Strachan Ave.
King, Yonge, to North Toronto

Station.
King, Yonge, Queen, and west to

Parkdale.
King, Yonge, Queen west to

Dundas St.
King, York, Queen, McCaul,

College.
King, Spadina Ave., College,

Bathurst.
King, Spadina Ave. to Bloor.
Front, Yonge, Queen to Don

Bridge.

Front, Yonge to N. Toronto.

Front, Church to Bloor St.

York, King, Sherbourne to Bloor

Front, Church, Queen, Sher-
bourne to Bloor.

Front, Church, King, Sher-
bourne, Carleton, Parliament,
Winchester.

Front, Church, King, Sher-
bourne, Queen, Parliament,
and Gerrard St, E.

College Street, College Avenue,
Carleton and Parliament.

S££ MAP OF TORONTO ON OPPOSITE PAGE.

TORONTO :
Wm. BRYCE, Publisher, Front Street West.

/^'\ . fn

> ' ^~* 1

< U Qg — 3

TORONTO ILLUSTRATED

jBcjAejAcjAc. Mil ■».

■Hw ■■ ■VJOK. Mill ■■"■Th'jJBfc ■Hbi 'Wfc.jJHw.jJh.. JwClKJMEfc.Jinw.^iwilK

!-^^

S^—i

— WITH-

22 FINE PHOTOGRAPHIC VIEWS

-OF THB-

LEADINQ POINTS OF INTEREST,

AS FOLLOWS :

KING STREET EAST, From Corner of

Yonge St.
BANK OF MONTREAL, Corner of Front

and Yonge Sts.
TORONTO UNIVERSITY, Queen's Park.
KNOX COLLEGE, Spadina Avenue.
NORMAL SCHOOL, Church St.
OSGOODE HALL, Queen St. West.
VIEW ON TORONTO ISLAND.
ST. ANDREW'S CHURCH, King St.

West.
METROPOLITAN METHODIST CHURCH,

Queen St. East.
ICE-BOATING ON TORONTO BAY.

ST. MICHAEL'S ROMAN CATHOLIC
CATHEDRAL.

McM ASTER HALL, Bloor St.

HORTICULTURAL GARDENS AND PA-
VILION. Carlton St.

RESERVOIR, North Toronto.

VIEW OF TORONTO, Looking East from
Queen's Park.

BRIDGE SPANNING ROSEDALE RAVINE.

MOUNT PLEASANT CEMETERY, North
Toronto.

POST OFFICE, Adelaide St.

TRINITY COLLEGE, Queen St. West.

CRYSTAL PALACE. Exhibition Park.

Richly Bound, with History of Toronto.

RRIOe so CENTS.
FOR SALE AT THE BOOKSTORES.

^^5-j=:j&^M5;^rS^Srr:pj£^

t^3-Si^fe;^3S!Si=^Si3^r==-~£^^=?r^:r^i^Sa^S3-^^S^^