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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthoda. 1 2 3 4 5 6 MmOCOOr RESOIUTION TiST CHART ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No 2' 1.0 I.I 1.25 " ■- m 12.0 1^ 1.4 1.8 1.6 ^ /1PPLIED IIVMGE Inc ™^ '1'- 1 r !-.• Mt - ,f^^' ^s ^716) ■♦a; - 0100 ' *^>ion* The French Tariff Canadian Trade SUMMARY OF THE Customs' Statistics of France and Canada BY A. POINDRON. Pl'BI.ISHED BV THE FRANCO-CANADIAN STEAM NAVIGATION CO. i i Three Notes On the Importation of the Foreign Products into France to connection with the natural or manufactured products of Canada FiKST NoTE.-Canadian Products included in the existing treaty between France and Canada. SECOxn Note. -Products exempt from duty. Products entering France only under the general tariff. Third Notk. -Products which might enter France under the mini- mum tariff by virtue of treaties of commune. NOTA.-Tlie infoniiatiot,,, aiul fiRures vvhicl, will he fouii.l in this m INDEX A «unmury mrm.,ran.lum on thr mecaniw of the French cuMom. tariff "'ZT'.rr'-T''"'" "" '""•' ""'» "'"' eM>ortali«n to IT.nc. from IMKI lo ntmi, inclusive AKriculturHl luachincii, Albumen Albumeniml photoKraphic paper, .en»iti/.e.l or not AnKle ami '• T " iron rtpfilM ami Pears, frish, for table use Applf» and pears. est<>s, spun, felted, moulded Articles of iron for carriaKes and railway rollinK Hock .p Articles of cardlioard or of lellulose ',1 Articles of saddlery, fine, (other than Kiddles) rl Automiles "j" Axles and tyres, wrought, rouKh Axles and tyres, rough in steel ?j| Itarley Deans, whole Beltinx, hose, valves, etc.. etc.. of rubber combined or notwiuiVissuet materials Blacking; Buhbin. for spinning and wearinR. tubes, skewers, l.iots.' spindle. ■andbusttteV no.lies and parts of bodies of carriaKes or trawwav cirriaif-s Boilers of steel or iron plate without tubes Boilers, tubular or semi-tubular Bones and Hoofs of Cattle, raw Boots and shoes Boots and shoes, rubber Boxes of white wno.1. woo.1 shai«.l for brnshes anil small" handles for tools ' ' " Bran from any kind of cereal BuildetD and i attwrights wood Building timber in rouj{h or sawn ' Butter, fresh or melted _\ Calf, Koat. kid. sheep, lamb in their natural colour, dyed or blackened Canned lot>sters Canned meats Cardboard Cardboard boxes covered with colored paper or not ^ Cardl»oard cut or shaped for p,istelK)ard makinjf Carts fpr trade, for agricultural purposes ; carriages Cast iron, foundry iron, and forge pig containing less than 5() per cent of manganese Charcoal ■■■■.■..............'.'.'.'..'. *^ Charcoal iron, drawn in bars _ ^^ Chemical pulp _ tlieese 39 .'■0 Xt aa To 55 m 74 (12 62 22 16 75 «» •M (i8 10 40 57 7 5 56 56 5«i !■( ClothiiiK m««l* up, mhliOT Coal Cokt IriMi, ilrnwn ia liMt Common wootlf n chain CVmmon |>aprr. machine mailt Cenil«ni>retachealu-.| an» '» iti. one or r.ore stop.'. ! fx other articles of wcKHlen ware . Other preserved fruiU for table use! !!!!!!!..! "," Other akins. not mentioned. nt>t dyed ." Other vehicles '•" Other wooestos, mica, etc Talc, pulverized Tallow Tanned bark, ground or not Third note Tobacco in Kaf and stalk Tools of steel or iron tipinrd with sleel Tools, in copjjer Tools, with or without handles, of pure iron Tramway carriages Trefoil and lucerne seed Turned waies, varnished and unvarnislud Uppers of top boots, vamps, galoclies, etc , of leather, varnished or not . Varnished skins • ■ • Violons and tenors, violes il'aniaur, zithers anil ;L'o.ian harps Wall paper Wheat. Wood pavement WtKxl pulp .■ ; ' 1 WcHid Mjuared for shutters tmd shuttles finished or unfinished Wooden sea-going ships Wheat flimr •■• Wrought iron, crude, in pi isms or bars containing 4 per cent or less ot dross. Zinc, rolled Zinc Ure Poget , . 37 ,. 2J .. 44 .. 42 .. 07 75 . . 75 :;4 .. 50 .. 51 . . 51 . . 21' . 2t) . . 42 . . til . . .VS . . 4!l . . 4S . . 4!t .. 74 . . 25 70 ,')8 (>4 -A II 5« 50 60 50 51 51 45 77 24 54 21 45 37 23 05 i>6 (>5 74 43 70 59 ,">8 72 55 31 11 11 71 18 ;!4 40 5:$ 2(1 VIII INTRODUCTION The French Tarift' and Canadian Trade m i The following pages were not written with a view to publication ; they were meant to show the ciistoniers of the Franco-Canadian Steam Navigation Co. the benefits they might derive from the absorbing power of the French market. During the year 1900, in my capacity of general agent of the conipanv, I received so many applications for information respecting products that might be exjxirted to France tliat I came to the conclusion that the Frencli tariff was known to only a very small number of Canadian merchants ana producers. The better to reply to the continual questions addresstd to me during the shipping .season, I deemed it advisable to extract from the French tariff the chief articles which may be the object of conmarcial exchange between the two cnuntries. .Some jiersonal friends to when I showed m> work, advised me to have it printed and to distribute it amongst merchants, manufacturers, ship-owners and journalists ; in a word amongst all who are in a position to enlighten public opinion, to make matters of inter- national trade better known and to benefit by the new facilities offered to Canadian shippers by the Franco-Canadian line. I yielded to this advice but had I deemed that this memorandum or aid to memory would be deemed worthy of publication, I would have adopted a diffe- rent classification and have presented the subject tnider a more attrac- tive form. As I have no time to write it over again, I place it in the printer's hands as it is relying ui)on the reader's indulgence and with no further claim than to submit statistics and information, the accuracy whereof I can \ouch for. For facility of search, this work is divided into three parts : fir.-t. articles included in the treaty of commerce of 1895 in which the trade has not been as extensive as it >hould have been, through lack of direct ocean transport ; 2nd. article^ exempt from all entry duties whereof C.Tn.ida may benefit as well as a!', other countries : 3rd. articles of the mixed class subject to the general tariff, which, although not enjoying any reduction of duties may nevertheless be the object of a ix considerable trade. Opposite to the varioos articles I have placed the total volume of French importation, the countries whence they come and the Canadian production of similar articles. Shippers may thus see for themselves what products jthey should send to the French market. I have likewi.se indicated the Canadian articles exported to various countries that supply the French market with the same products, as well as the volume of Canadian importation of French goods coming here from England, Belgium and the United States. The impression to be derived from these comparative tables is that skilful middle-men are becoming rich by selling French goods to Canada and Canadian products to France. The F'raiico-Canadian line will put a stop to this anomalyby bringing sellers and buyers into direct contact. The saving that will be effected by doing away with the cost of trans- shipment, willi the profits levied by middle-men and by the reduction in the entry fees s.ipulated in the treaty of commerce, will enable the consumer to have e.\cellent French products at a lower price. In the same manner our lumber, pulp, iron, .steel and cereals, which are so appreciated on the French market, will better sustain competition with those from other countries. A part from these chief protlucts which are sure of a ready sale, a considerable trade may be created in bulky goods of low price which could not easily stand the extra expense of a second handling, trans- shipment, etc., but which the direct line will enable us to place on the French market on advantageous conditions. Scaffolding timber, shocks, poles, stoves, school furniture, furniture not put together, railway .sleepers, phosphate of line, pressed hay, consentrated ores, potash, pearl ash, fish oils, etc., are in great demand in France and could l)e shipped from Canada. When steamers are provided with refrige- rators, butter, cheese, eggs and fruit can l)e carried in good condition and will find a new and renumerative market in F'rance. The necessity of a direct line between France and Canada was practically demon.strated last year and yet never was an experiment of the kind attempted under more disadvantageous conditions : the hurried nature of the organization during the excitement attendant upon the Universal ExfM)sition ; the difficulty pf procuring suitable ves.sels owing to the requisitions of the War Offitr ; irregular departures ; running asbore, detention at (irosse lie, etc. Notwithstanding these mishaps, all the company's ves.sels sailed from our ports with full cargoes and the result of the year's operations show shat the balance of the traffic is largely in favor or Canada. If we look further into the matter we find that all the provinces of the Dominion benefit by this new current in bu.sine.ss : Ontario through its pulp, steel, oats, organs, fruit and matnifactured goods ; Quebec through its lumljer, cereals, asl)estos and pulp : the Maritime Provinces through their lobsters, lumber, iron and coal : Manitoba through its wheat. In the other hand not a Province but is indebted to France for its wines, liquors, brandies, tissues, silks, preserved foods, literary and .scientific publications, objects of art, etc. The glass-making industry will get sand from it such as it can procure nowhere else ; cotton mills will get their blacking powder from it and how many other industries wiil benefit by the new facilities for obtain- ing the materials needed for their manufactures ? There is no doubt that when commercial and financial relations are established on a firm basis, our trade with France will assume a great development. A market of four milliards of francs is opened to us and we have only to take advantage of it. As .stated during a recent debate in the House of Commons, the French and Canadian Govenin.ents are disjiosed to widen the field of action of the exi.sting treaty of commerce. Foreseeing this eventuality, I have thought projxjr to indicate a certain number of articles whicli might, with advantage, be added to this treaty. In making the.se sug- gestions, my chief aim is to call forth an expression of opinion from the boards of trade and the authorized representatives of the manu- facturing and shipping interests. The eminent statesmen upon whom the protection of our interests more e.specially devolves in such matters, Sir Wilfrid Uurier and Sir Richard Cartwright, will, we are convinced,' accept with deference any su.^'^tstion coming from such source : they will derive valuable information from it and that moral streiigili which is born of mutual understanding and confidence lietween the enlight- ened citizens of a free country and the men to whom thev have con- fided the administration of public affairs. MoNTRK.M., 1 8th May, 1901. >^|^' ! I r^P-PlPiPlniemj :air^(fe ■M^^n "mm ms^^m^m A Summary Memorandum on the Mecanism of the French Customs Tariff. -4 Hes.des the general tariflF. the French Customs provide, for certain foreign product a nnninu.m tariff with a fixed reduction fo^ products treSr' '"'' according to existing or possible coimercill It must not be forgotten that certain products, and especially a great number of the agricultural ones, more particularly those that are com- monly ra.sed on French soil, are not admitted to the advantages of tl"s nnnunum tanff. even when there is a co.nmercial treatv in Listen!^ It IS expressly stipulated in the Franco-Canadian Treatv that in order to enjoy the mininium tariff, the ,8 Cana.iian products' already 'ken hi" ",^"^'\'^:»"-«''-'"to France, should have necessarily taken them on Iward in Canada. extrJc^nTl"" """^ "^V^'^PP*"''^ ''''''"'''' ^'"'^'^ '-^^ -»• '^""-•^■■-'» or iCl n r 'T"' 7 '''" P"' "P ''^'''^''y «^ accidentallv into any favour o Canadian products are not lost, nor are. either, the advan- tages ot he minimum tariff, provided the captain of said ship, trn cal ing at foreign ports, has attende.I to all iieces.arv consular require ments winch are in reality simple and unexpensive " ' Hanhousc ChrrlaxatioH -The pro.lucts of extra , .ean origin in all cases ot importation from a Kuropean countrv, a .bjects to an over taxation of frs. 3.60 per kx> kgr. (..o lb., o„ gener 1 mer chandise. and to a variable surcharge on articles bv the hand or b the piece (as for example : cattle, horses, etc ) of M.!''*" ^"'"i""'' '"T'°'"' ''""'^ '^"'"•'''"^ ^ ^^''- '■are exceptions, but none of^those apply to the actual or possible Canadian products of exporta Except otherwise tuleratcd by the French liovernment the Cana d.an products mentioned in the treatv, when in transi t ovSra European country though their de.stination be Franc!" cannot "'ov the minimum tariff, and are moreover, subject to the warehouse over- 1 1-f" if ii' taxation, as are also the other Canadian products which come under the general tariff, and are alike transiting through a European country. In transit through the United States, and except in case of special toleration on the part of the French Government, — whic'.i has been in the past exercised in favor of pulp and lobster, — the Canadian products named in the treaty, are not participating in the advantages of the minimum tariff. But, mentioned or not in the treaty, and though they may be governed either by the general tariff or the minimum one, the Cana- dian products, in transit through United States, never pay any ware- house over-taxation, as the United States are a country of extra-Euro- pean transit. Hut it is nevertheless necessary that they should be shipped directly (en droiture) from United States to France. under untry. ase of c!i has nadian ntages lay be Cana- ware- -Euro- liipped A Summary Memorandum on Horse and Cattle Exportation to France from 1896 to 1900 inclusive. To arrive as near as possible at the correct figures it will Iw or via Ne« \wi I """"' "'"■ I-:"*'™!!, via Anvers •o H^u?; iS;„':,s^sS.''°:tf rr -^ "^^-^ intended from the start fc- --^ Fr.nA ™„i . ' "■"«'"■« /or France i„ on. „, the above .n.;," ed tetrj;;; "t'e c"'"" dian customs cannot help it. ^ ^ '^*"^" ing ?or "h^FrLlT'' '''" ^"^^' ^^""^ ^^"^'^'^" P^^^ucts. constitut- from certain countries wLr» ,. "nportation. coming »»eti„e,.e:™ix2':„;:;;',::r«''dr -'■'^*"'^'*«-.' MMio-r^^t^i^^r'sr^ittrorsTr^'-r'""-"'^ of cattle over a year „,d, v.lncd « p» 1 ^"' "^ ^ •"« ='''" ™»"tnes ,,9oj tons of canned meats, of the total value of 1,807,933 francs Thepnncipal shippers to I-Vance were E„Kland 457 tons Beldum 324 tons. United States 263 a«rts to England are compared with the tonnage of Enghsh and American (United States > exports to Fr.n. f f aggregate nearly half the total im^n.of ^^^^^^^^^^ n^lf upon one that, l.ing as well situated as the United St e ,1 the matter of production and much better than England CanadTw 1 ! direct line securing to its canned goods the double advantage o^^^^h^ minimum tariff and of direct commercial dealings neeroi^ ml ! shght effort .n order to take an important place hi the Freth n'arket CONDENSED MILK, PURE. value of' 6;::76;Tr:ncr"''' ''' '^"^ "^ ^^"'^'^"^^'^ -••'^- P»-.«^ the witht'Tons'^Ct'^r/T '"Vr"'^^ P""'^^-"'^' ^-'"« -PP'-d '-r 557 tons. Next, Italy and England shipped her 25 tons each. fT I 1 Canada does not appear to be nn exporter of this commodity, yet ; but we are told that a great change in this respect may be expected before long. FRK9H WATER FISH, SALMONOIDS, EKL9 In iSyi), France iniporteorted frozen by England and thence exiwrted to France. With a direct line and cold .storage, the exportation of fresh salmon and of fresh trout from Canada to France, may become very shortly quite an iintwrtant tiade. The price of French salmonoids on the French market is always very high, and the Appraisers Conunission state its mean value at 3 francs jxr kilogram, which corresponds to a possible export value of a little under 20 cts. a pound for the Canadian shipiier. Fresh water fish other than salmonoids, were imix)rted in 1.S99, to an amount of 1,760 tons, of a value of 1,319,732 francs. To this class evidently belong eels, included in the Franco-Canadian Treaty. As to this class of fresh water fish, we readily grant that we do not foresee as great possibilities in the matter of its exportation from Canada to France. In igiK) Canada exported 7.^7,603 ,lbs. of frtsh salmon for $142,238, and 972,149 lbs. of trout for $32,207. Of the 5142,23s of fresh salmon, $91,058 went to the United States; $32,045 to Great Britain; $.8,565 to Germany, and $4,879 only, to France. New Brunswick leads this export with S59.727 ; then comes British Columbia, with $44,738 ; (^"^bec, $24,533 : N^>va Scotia, $9,894 and finally Ontario, $3,346. Of the five provinces, in the matter of fresh salmon upon the French market, New Brunswick, Quelle and Nova Scotia are alone interested. The trout exported in 1900, went wholly to the United States, and came almost exclusively from Ontario. There is no good reason why, not only Ontario but the Maritime Provinces should not in the future export very considerable quantities of frozen trout to France, where they would find the very profitable above mentioned average price. a !■ ! i FISH PRESERVED IX THEIR NATURAL FORM. '• In this clasH are includeDo, Canada exported S46 worth of smoked salmon, $80,994 worth of salt salmon and $115,8-7 worth of salt mackerel. Since the 30th of June, the date at which the Canadian customs statistics were clo.sed, a certain number of barrels of salt salmon were shipped to France by Aa Compairiiie Franco-Canadienne. There is nothing to prevent the exporters of salt mackerel of Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick, from finding ni the French market an outlet for their goods. CANNED LOBSTERS. Owing to the Treaty of Commerce, Canada is to-day the almost exclusive purveyor of the French market. Shipments to France in 1900 e-xceeded 50,000 cases, and the value of this export which as M 'v k f J Riven in the dtatisticH up to the 30th of June, wa» $5'7.97.^. will likely reach >6oo,ckx) for th-; whole year. Halifax is now the Rfeat centre of theite (>]x;ratton.s. In isy6 the first year that the existing treaty was in full opera- tion, the Canadian exports of canned lobsters to France were only 5i74.'>o.>. The volume of this trade han therefore, as therenult of the treaty, increased almost four times what it was four years ago. APPLKS AN'l) PKARS. FREvSH, FOR TABLE USK. In 1S99, FrT-.ce imjiorted 3,8.^2 tons of fresh table apples and jiears, of the value of 957,929 fratics. Spain with [,462 tons: Italy. 1,244 tons: BelRium, .S34 tons, and Germany 157 tons, were France's main source* of supply. it is useless to j>oint out the enormous fpiantities of fresh apples sent out by Canada every year. What must Ik' said is that, in h/m, tin. lirst ex|>ortation of fresh apples fnHu Canada to France, actually began b\ relatively small ([uantities and values, but this exjxirta- tion would immediately have gained some importance, had antpler accomodation been available on the steamers of the /'ranco Camidiiniw line, at the end of the sl ison. Table apples and pears from Canada will W the object of a trade with France which will surprise many people on lM)th sides of the ocean, whenever these products find in the i'ramo CamiJiciine direct line of navigation a sure and comparatively prompt means of transjxjrt supplied with cold .storage. The fact is that Canada grows apples of a few particular kinds, which in addition to their excellence as to flavor, possess an api>earance extremoh attractive and ornamental for the table, a characteristic which cannot fail, after a time, to bring them into demand more or less all over France, every year during their season, as the finest orna- ment of the epergne. APPLFS OR PKAR.S DRIED, FOR TABLE USE. In 1899, France imported 266 tors of this class of fruit, of the value of i.%,24H francs. This came almost exclusively from the United States. It is likely that this relates to dried apples and pears used in the making of jams and marmalades. We dJ not know whether Canada maniifactures this line of dried apples and pears. It would seem at all events that nothing would be easier than to carry out this industry here, and that she could dejjend in this trade upon a particul.irly expansive market. 8 APPI.KS AX I) PEARS DRIKD OR PRESSED, FOR '.'IDHR OR PKRRV. Ill i»9y. France impnrtfd 6,791 ton* of driwl pt-arjt and applcn, of the value of 1,35s, 1 1 1 francs. The I'niteil Slafis were by far its larRest purveyor, since their exfiortH to France were not Uss than 5,2,^7 tons. It may Ik- nifntioiitrt of these dried jHars and apples for the niaiinfactiire of cider and i)err\ must vary largely accord- ing to the crops of similar fruits in France. In years of short crops, it may reach much larger fixntes ; iH9i> was not a short croji year in France, far Iroiii it. The results of iSy<; as alH)ve, jirove therefore the existeti'c in France of a very lar>,'e and inlerestinK market for the Canai ian prorted direct to I'rance in large f|uantitics. Very favorable rates of freight for such cxixjrtatioiis from Canada T France, had Ikcii projjosed to the undersigned for last winter. Of all the Canadian provinces, Ontario would seem to Ik: by far ....e most interesteecies more parti- cularly natural to Canada ; Germany 16,318 tons ; Switzerland, 19,326 tons ; Norway, 38.942, all of s]>ecies similar to tho.se of Canada ; Sweden, 545,388 tons, all of .species similar to those of Canada ; Can.ida. 20,014. The Canadian Statistics for 1S99 give about twenty-.seven million feet of timtier exported from Canada to France, which expressetl in tons, is about the quantity given in the French statistics. The maritine provinces and Quebec are the most particularly con- cerned that the exjiorts of common timber to France be developed. The demand for white spruce and tamarack is almost illimited, as well as that for pine, birch, white birch, aspen, oak, maple, butteriiut, elm, beach, ash. Canadian exportation to France is far from having reached the volume it is destined to reach. No comments upon the above figures are needed to prove it. The di.stances often very great, from which common timber comes to France, put Canada on a satisfactory footing for comjietition in the matter of freight. As to (juality .she can easily compete. It remains for her to try and develop her trade with France in this line with enough perseverance, and also with a desire to meet, —as so many other countries do, — the requireinents of France in the matter of dimensions. A client ready to buy for a sum of hundred millions a year may well be humoured. lu -! 4 4 -3! WOOD PAVEMENT, IN BLOCKS. This import is most null in France (45 francs for 1899) : not be- cause France does not use every year enormous quantities of wood blocks for pavement which have come from foreign countries, but because the wood intended for pavement does not enter France in the form of blocks. The duties, according to the French tariff of customs, on wooden blocks for pavement are, in fact, 2 f. 50 per 100 kgr., in the rough, direct .shipment, general tariff, and i f. 75 per 100 kgr., minimum tariff ; while squared or sawn lumber of 80 milimetrcs (about 3 inches) or under, to 35 milimetres (alwut i 'j inches), only pays i f. 50 per 100 kgr., in the rough, general tariff, and i f. 25, minimum tariff per 100 kgr., also in the rough. Importers, therefore, find it to their interest to import wood intended for pavement in the form of planks and to cut it to the required lengths, in France. STAVES. In 1899 France imported i44.5'''2 tons of oak staves, for casks, o a value of 26,021,233 francs, and 2,531 tons of staves other than oak of the value of 278,422 francs. Of the total, .\ustria-Hungary furnished about 103,000 tons the United States 27,600 and Russia, 12,565. In 1900 Canada exported $549,816 worth of staves witlumt distinc- tion as to woods. Ontario is the one province which, by far, scorns to be the most concerned in this product, for in 1900 its export reached the figure of $5<9.578. As IS shown by the figures of French importations quoted above, the market for staves, in France, is enormous, especially for oak staves. Besides oak, which Ontario could export in the form of sta%-es, it is known to us that the French market is far from being closed to the importation of other species. If, therefore, there happened to be any cause preventing Canada from competing by exportation via .Montreal with the oak staves from Austria- Hungary and from the United States (the latter coming from New Orleans), it would belioove shippers to look about and try other kinds to be substituted. As a simple indication, we will mention red birch. WOOD PULP, MACHINE MADIv. n In 1899, France imjxjrted 86,078 tons of machine made wood pulp of the value of 17,215,689 francs, and 46,424 tons of chemical pulp of the value of 16,712,767 francs. 11 However great this import in volume and value, it is not to be lost sight of that French consumption of pulp is much larger than those figures would go to show. For not only does not France yet import in the form of pulp all the ligneous material which she transforms into paper, hut .she still gets out of her own trees and of the refuse of her saw mills a very considerable quantity of pulp which she manufactures and converts into pai^er. It is in fact for this reason, that, in the past, France gave a certain measure of protection to the national industry of pulp making. There is no ground for fearing to say that as time passes, French imports of ligneous material for manufacturing paper, in the form of pulp, either machine-made or chemical, will go on progressing, the imjwrtation of pulp wood, stripped, from Finland, Sweden, Xorway, Switzerland and Tyrol, becoming more difiicult to the P'rench puln manuiacturers. Thus France offers an inunense field to Canadian manufacturers of pulp, l)otli mechanical and chemical. Of the ,S6,o7S tons of machine-made pulp imjxjrted into France in 1899, Norway supplied 56,265 tons; Sweden, 21,101 ; Germany, 5 605; Kngland. <;8y: Switzerland, 913 ; Belgium, 616; and Russia. 510- CHFMIC.VL PULP. 1 Of the 46,424 tons of chemical pulp imjwrted into France in 1899, Germany .supplied 11,635; Norway, 11,364: Austria-Hungary, 9,304 ; Sweden, 6,916 ; Switzerland. 3.264 ; Belgium, 2,893, a'«l the United States, 603. In 1900, Canada exjxjrted Si, 8 16,016 worth of wood pulp, o^ which 51,19.^.753 to the United States ; 5562,178 to England ; 525 066 to France ; 519,603 to Belgium ; 56,005 to Mexico ; 55.313 to Germany ; 53.42' to Japan and 5677 to Cuba. As the Canadian Statistics are closed on the 30th of June, the figures here given as to France, do not represent the whole exjiort of pulp from Canada to France in 1900, the Comf)agnic I'ramoCaiui- dicnnc has in this respect certain data. But the total of what was exported from Canada to France in 1900, is yet but a very small projwrtion of what could liave been exported there during the same year, if sufficient accommodaiion therefore had been afforded by the steamers of the Franco-Canadian line. If, however, using only the figures given by the Canadian Statis- tics as closed on June 3otli 1900, attention is turned to their immediate con-ij(jujnce, it is easy to fore-iee that before a year or two of regular 12 i operation of a direct line of navigation between France and Canada, the figures of Canadian exports of pulp to France will have made an enormous stride towards the figures representing the American (United States) and English usual consumption of Canadian jnilp. The thing has alread> been said : France is, for Canadian pulp, a more profitable market, as to prices, than the English, market, and a forliori, than the market of the United States, a producing and expor- ting country. If on the other hand it is considered that on June 3 >;h 1900, the Franco-Canadian Steam Navigation Company liad been only two months in existence and had made only two outgoing trips from Canada, and if the figure of S25.of>6 for the exports of pulp from Canada to France in 1900 is, notwithstanding, compared with those of $19,603 for the export to Belgium, and of $5,313 for that to Germany, although Belgium and Germany have tor several years been served, the former by two regular lines, and the latter by a regular line making frequent trips, it will be seen that for Canadian pulp, France is a vastly more advantageous market than lx)th Belgium and Germany together. EXTR.\CT OF CHKSNUT.\XD OTHER TANNIN EXTR.\CTS, LIQUID AND CONCRETE VK -/ABLE EXTRACTS. In 1 899, France imported 2,080 ton> of extracts of this class, of the value of 415.932 francs. Austria-Hungary \v.as its main stxpplier with 767 tons; then Italy, 709 tons; Belgium, 252 tons; Switzerland, 127 tons; the United States, 112 tons; Germany, 70, etc. The extract of hemlock bark is one in which Canada is most particularly concerned. In 1900. Canada exjiorted 5.355 barrels of extmct of hemlock bark, of a value of $'14,405 and the whole went to England. This exclusiveness ceased after June 3otli 1900, one of the steam- ers of the Franco-Can.idian line having, after that date, taken a first lot of 50 barrels from Halifax to I'rance. The Coni])any feels sure that this export will rajiidly and largely develop ; the fact is that they have contracted with French importers of such products, who are only waiting upon the company to increase their importations. The extract of hemlock bark industry seems to be more particularly located in New Brunswick. COM.MON PAPER, MACHINE-MADE. This class comprises all ordinary writing, drawing, printing, wrajiping jKiper, etc. (other than sulphur-dipix-d paper) sized or un- siz-e I, white, ' ' buUe ' ' or colored in the pulp, that is to say the pulp of 11! ir" i i ' which has been tinted with colouring matter before manufacturing, provided that they be neither glazed, nor colored after manufacturitig, and free from printing, engraving, drawings, etc. There is a distinction to be made between smoothed, hot-pressed, glazed or calendered papers and those which have not been so treated. Thus are classed as common paper machine-made, the following: ' • Papiers bulles ' ' one face of which has been calendered and which are used as covers for illustrated papers, reviews, etc- Papers for the manufacture of which talc was added before manufacture are clas.sed also with common paper machine-made. Gilt edgin>j of common papers does not remove them from this class ; neither docs the cutting of such paper for industrial purjx>ses. This applies, for instance, to the preparation of filtering paper, to the cutting and preparation of paper "-itended for classifiers (classeurs), to the cutting of papers for enve es, l)ags, .scent-bags, &c. Nor is account taken of the metallic eyelet or piece of twist which sometimes is made to go with bags or envelopes. But pinked papers, scalloped papers, etc., for the use of florists, confectione pastrycooks, etc., and i)erforated papers, do not belong to the class of common papers machine-made. Nor do cards scallop edged, notched or otherwise cut out for bills of fare, address and visiting cards, etc. Papers white or coloured in the pulp showing in the water mark marblings, waterings, cheekerings, or other designs obtained by the rolling of the pulp in the making, without the use of colours are classed with common papers machine-made. To this class also lielongs paper made of chemical pulp (even in irregular pieces for surgical uses or for the manufacture of celluloid or gun-cotton); Papers of felted wood fibres in sheets for lining clothes or for the making of models for costumes. Paper of this kind, when embossetl or crimped, is not classed with common papers machine-made. The following are also considered as common papers machine-made: Boxes made of a sheet of common paper, simply folded, without pinking, bindings or printing ; Weatlier-.strips of uiicarded cotton sheathed with paiK'r, f ./ doors, windows, etc. ; Seliool cop.v iMMjks not in l)oards, covered or not with a colored paper, jirintfd or not : Pads for carjiets made with cotton waste laid flat Iwtween two sheets of pajier sewn one to the other at certain distance (a l)and of tissue added to thi'St- for stri.-njith. does not remove them from this class); Paper wrap])ir^ for hats ; Sheaths of pai)er, wliite or colored in the pulp, for umbrellrs ; 14 ^i Paper wool (paper, white or colored in the pulp, in narrow strips for packing), paper wicks dipped in sulphur (paper duties on total weight); Patterns for clothitig of common paper. —We have entered into these details in order to call attention to a numerous class ot protlucts included in the Franco-Canadian treaty under a single general denomination. The.se do not .seem as yet to have secured any serious attention nor efforts on the part of Canadian manufacturers with the view to the possibilities of exportation offered by the French market. In 1899, France imported 6,355 tons of common paper, machine- made, of the value of 3,177,572 francs. England supplied more than half of it, viz : 3,405 tons ; Germany, 1,15s ; Belgium, 778 ; Austria-Hungary, 262 ; Italy, 242 : .Switzerland, 152 ; Spain 107 ; Sweden, 72 ; the Netherlands, 52, and the United States, 50. In 1900, Canada did not as yet appear as an exporter of paper, except wall papers, which do not belong to this class, but of which it might be incidentally .said that trial samples were, that .same year, sent to I'rance by means of the Compagnie I'ranco-Canadiennc. PRKPARED SKINS: ONLY TANNED, GLOSSED OR DRESSED (MEGISSEESj ; OTHERS WHOLE. In 1899, France imjjorted 1,133 tons of kid, sheep and lamb .skins of this class, to the value of 6,229,504 francs. PIngland supplied more than one half of the quantity, viz : 637 tons ; the rest came from Spain, Turkey and British Indies. In 1900, Quebec made trial .shipments to France of goods of this class. The manner in which Canadian statistics are arranged does not permit any useful compari.son with the French data in regard to prepared skins. In 1899, France imjiorted 3,484 tons, of skins other tljan of goats, &c., above specified, of the value of 13,726,743 francs. (Including all glossy skins. ) Again England was its main supplier with 1,623 tons ; then came Belgium with i,2.t6 ; Germany, 211 ; Turkey. 95; Switzerland, 65; Austria-Hungary 35. and the United States 25. In this class of "skins, others", including glossed (li.s.sees) .skins' Canada can only claim the benefit of the tariff under the treaty for what is called " skins, others whole", in the French tariff of customs. The " whole " skin is that to which are still attached the parts thereof corresponding to the belly, the neck atui the legs of the animal. Halves of whole skins cut lengthwise or across are regarded as whole skins. To the same class al.so belong halves of whole .skins separated lengthwise, with part of the neck off. la ^ On the other hand the following arc considered in the class of dressed, tanned or Rto-ised skins, and con:icqHenti> udinitted to the benefit of the niininiuni tariff when coming from Canada : Skins tanned aft-r the Hungarian fashion not treated with tallow, the same being whitv leather prepared with aluminium chloride by the reaction of sea -^alt on alum ; (these skins are mainly used in harness and saddle nii.\ing. ) Skins l)eaten, su.li as uset' for soles or heels, not- trimmed nor any further prepared. In 1 900, Canada made through the Coiiif>ai^uie Franco-Ci nadienne, and later, via England, some shipments of "skins others, whole", of an imjxjrtance already satisfactory for a lx;ginning. Canada can all the more benefit by following up her efforts in this direction, as she need not fear competition from the United States, enjoying as she does the advantage of the minimum tariff which does not extend to them, viz : 50 francs per ton of i ,000 kgr. , gross, on goat, kid, sheep and lamb skins; and 250 francs per ton of i ,000 kgr. , net, on all glos.sed skins and " skins others, whole." BOOTS AND SHOKS. ! In iSy9, France imjwrted 547,290 pairs of boots and shots, of the value of 4,,'?78,32o francs. Her jjrincipal source of supply wps Switzerland with 202,325 pairs; then Knglaiid, 170,5^4 pairs ; Belgium, 53,380 pairs ; Spain, 31,498 ; the United States, 18,701 ; Germany, 16,680, etc. In iy(», Canada exported $83,425 worth of lioots and slux-s, of which $17,510 went to Knglaiid and $660 only to France. Xova Scotia, with her exports to Xewfonndland, British West Indies and Saint- Pierre, heads tlieexi>ortiiig provinces, with a figure of $36,578 ; then comes Ouebec, with $25,735. and Ontario with $17,510. Canadian iiiamifacturers have evidently not reached the degree of over production which compels exiwrtation at any cost. But with the daily developments of tlieir industry, they must necessarily be looking about for foreign markets, and wi'.li this in view it Ik'Iioovcs us to show them that France constitutes an iinjiortant market quite ready fortliein, and that they enjoy special advantages for reaching it. The writer of these notes found, when in France, that American ready-made boots for ladies are being sold more and more and are, notably in Paris, actually in high favor. Now Canada has over the United States the advantage of the minimum tariff which they do not enjoy, on l)ools and shoes entering France. On hoots for men and women, the differeiictr is i franc jier pair, •■ 2 fr. 50 iiniler the General Tariff, and i fr. 50 under the luininuim tariff). Wliat we liave said about ladies Ixiots, in no way excluded possibi- lity for Canada to exjKjrt men's InMjts and shoes. lt> On these boots the difference in favor of Canada in resoect to fh. -jonty of its foreiK„ con.,K.titors. and notably the U^.i Ts t^ i 50 ce„t.mes pc-r pa.r. (general tariff . fr. 50 ; mininunn tariff If^s pair (;;rJ:nar[ffVln:"""'" ^"•^•"••"^ Canada is .5 centin.es ,.r pair (general tariff , franc ; niniimnni tariff, 75 centimes). COMMON WOODKX CHAIRS. witho. tr ;^r ,,^;;^" ^"-- -"-".•• -. u„derst....d chairs al.nond-tree, andreli;; ^^r ":;.:,;;;' '7;: "-""'• -"-'-. birch, black alder c-.rn„.l,. 1 ''lackKnini, K^rccn-harh, I It makes no dilTcrcnce whether this ftirnitii-.. 1,-, .„ .< ....t ; hut furniture other than chairs of solid". ' "'ouKhngs or tl.e same class as furniture ornam.ute I U. U^i " "'r T '"" "^ panels, with brass trimmings i„l .vi,!. ", '/'"^^'"^^ ='I>P''"l «"• the "".e«s the importance of .LJ^^^ii^^^t::!:: Z^:;^^ ^^^^ accessor cs Are n.,.rp,>,-. ,- , . , . " ^"''^ "' simp e .' »«2 tons ; Germany, 2.SS ; Belgium, 250: Spain. 141 ; Italy, io,v etc. Ill 1900, Canada exjxirted $380,029 worth of household furniture and S404,29<1 of other wooden articles, which evidently include a certain <|u:iiitity of furniture, and ainoiij; which is also included, as above stated, the item of chairs of coiiiinoii wchkIs. Only 52,070 wortli of household furniture was exported to France anil SS23 worth of other wooden articles, while the exports to luifjland in the matter of these two classess of goods exceeded Ssoo.cxo. If tile fij;iires of Canadian ex])orts to France for I9oo, the reason was that practically none could iH.- found. He himself, and others for him, sought for one last fall, wanted for Sweden, but without success. Xova Scotia seems ahuusi exclusively concerned in this branch of industry. _ The ,S ships sold to Saint- Pierre can he considered as siM to r ranee. I w SECOND NOTE Products comprised in the list of importations into France in 1899, that arc exempted from all entry duties, or cannot enter France except under the general tariff. PRODUCTS EXEMPTS FKOM DUTY. GRKKX OR DRY IIinKS OF OXKN, CALVKS, SHHHF AND LAMBS. Regard is had only, it is well understood, in this cattRory of importations, to the actual products of Canada. These are, chiefly, the .skins of oxen and calves, which form by far the largest volume, that is to say what is called in France • Irs iiratidis piaux " (the large skins). Larc.i-: Skins. — In iS.Sy France imported 41,5,^9 tons of large skins, valued at 64.385,362 francs. The j)rincipal sources of supply are, in their order of imixirtance*, Brazil, Uruguay British Indies, China, the Republic of Argentine, Germany, Belgium. Chili. England, Netherlands, Peru, Switzerland, Italy, Denmark. Morocco, the United States, Ivgypt, Columbia, Turkey, Sweden, Australia, Austria, the Dutch Indies, Cuba, Porto-Rico. Russia, the British jx)ssessions in Kast Africa, Haiti, Norway, etc. Outside these, the Fre*ich Colonies .supplied 2,375 tons of large skins. Whilst luigland apjx;ars in the importations for i .566 tons. Canada is not in the li.st, though in lyoo her exixirtations of hides, other than fur skins and sheep-skins, amounted to $1,311,750, nearly all for- warded to the United States, naniily to the amount of $1,304,653. Now, we find that the United States, importers of large skins from Canada, were expurters of the same large skins to France, to the amount of 426 tons in iSy;. There is consequently an opening for direct bu.siness of this kind between Canada and France. •JO SHKH,..SKm9.-In 1H99, France imported ,.184 tons of ,heep- EnKlaml ''""' °' ''^''''^^' '"""' °^ '"'"'''' '°^ *""* ^'^'^ ^'°° In n>o,,. Canada fonvarded 585, rs; worth of .sheep-skins to the I nited States. "^ I.AMB Skins -In .S99 France imported 39.^ tons of lamb-skins to the value of 942.439 francs of which 2, tons were from England The exportations of lamb skins from Car.ada arc likelv included in the figures given for sheep skins, the value of which justifies the ei„,u,r> whether, for lamb skins, so souRht i„r in France. Canada could not find in that country a J,etter market than in the I'nited- States. RAW HORSIvHAIR. In 1x99, France imported 857 tons of raw horsehair of the vnlue of 2,485.668 francs. In u;oo, Canada exported horse-hair to the value of $43,277 to the United States and $930 worth to Great Britain. It is due to the exporters to .see whether the French market is not more advantageous for the horse-hair than that of the United States or that of Great Britain. England, in 1899, exported to France loi tons of raw horse-hair and also Ixjught the material in Canada. A profit in the transaction IS nece.s.sarily implied. HOGS BRISTLES, ROUGH, IN BULK. -S I j ■3 In 1899 France imported 558 tons of hogs bristles, rough, in bulk, to a value ot , , ,6, . 78 francs, of which . 36 tons came from the United States a..d 16 from England. Hogs bristles, if exi^orted from Canada respecting which we have uj direct information, mav l,e included in the classification in the Canadian statistics as "animals and other products. • exi^.rted in ,900 to the value of $67,405 „f which $38 296 worth went to the United States, and $22,165 to Great Britain, and only >6 to France. France, in her brush factories, one of her great specialities imports large quantities of hogs bristles, both in bulk and bundles' having already undergone a certain amount of pieparatioii. and cer- tainly presents one of the most favorable markets for them. TALLOW. In 1S99. France imjwrted ,9,784 tons of tallow, of the value of i.,672,5.o francs of which -1.2.1 tons, being two-thirds, were fur- nished by the United States and 3,186 tons by England. n In 1900, Canada exported 1.488,64.^ Uw. of tallow, of the value of $70,665 of which six'Hcvenths went to England, which neverthele»» wa.H an exporter to Frani'e. Here then aRain are direct relations with France that could be ejMily establiiihed t>y Canada. OTHKR OKKASES. In 1S99, France imported 3, .^88 t(»nH of greases other thou tallow and Unci's lanl, of a value of 2.033,057 francs Of this total, ICiigland ' tished i,6oi> ton* and the United States 495. In 1900, Canada fxjjorted J4,7'X> worth of greases and greosc scraps of which i5.V592 worth went to Great Britain and 5<)i6 worlli to tlie Tnitcd States The totals are small, but there is reason to Ixlieve that recently established enterprises in Canada for the rendering; and purification of animal jjrease, will soon ^ive larger results. The attention of those interested has alreadv been called to the French markets for these pro- ducts. SKAL SKIXS. In 1899 France imported 339 tons of these skins, of the value of 347/'.S- francs, of which 27 tons came from Norway, 5 from Peru, and 5 from Chili. In ii^o, Canada exix^rti"' S537.091) worth of .•>kins and furs of marine animals to luigland. FISH NATATORY HLADDKRS. RAW. AND SIMPLY DRIKD. In 1899 France imjwrted 101 tons of these articles for .■?5,J24 francs. In 1890 Canada exi)orttd $16,140 worth of sundry fish products, which probat>ly included fish bladders. Of these sundries, 5257 worth Went to France. HONKS AND HOOFS OF CATTLK, RAW. In 1S99 France imjKjrted 31,954 tons of raw Iwnes and hoofs of cattle of the value of 6,39o,,Ht)4 frs. 6,1 17 tons came from the Hritish Indies, 3,676 tons from the Argentine Republic, 3.661 tons from FJiRland, 3,294 from Spain, 3.282 from Belgium, 1.727 from Turkey, I, If) tons from Netherlands. 930 from (lermany, 797 from Uniguay, 742 from Swit/.erland, 619 from Bulgaria, 522 from the I'nited States. 50H from Australia, 5-«> from Chili, utc. In 1900, Canada exported to the United States §46,257 worth of bones, and $4,426 worth of horns and hoofs ; besides $2,557 worth of horns and hoofs to Netherlands. After the 30th of June, cattle hoofs were ex|)orted to France b\- the Comf)ai;»ie I-ramo-Caiiadi\iiiu\ HORNS OF CATTLE, RAW. In 1H99. France imixmed 7, 7«6 tons of horns of cattle, valued at 7.oov,.w67 franc*. HnRland furnished 1,173 t""^. The amount of horns of cattle stnt from Canada m 1900 in given Jn the prccctding |>aiu){ru}>li. LIXSKED. In 1x9.;. France imi^rted 135,706 tons of linseed, of the value o. 36.640,636 francs of whidi 84.3.^7 ..„„., c.-.me from the Hriiish Indies, 38,023 from the Argentine Republic, .s,9 15 from Russia. 1.56; from MelKunn, 1,316 from the Cnl.til States, etc. In i.;,x), the exiH)rlation from the Tnited States was much more imiKirtant, the Co»i/>ox>tif l-ramoGi,i,uii,„„r alone having carrit I ch)se on 1,.,.... tons of linseed, the product of the Tiiited States. Canada does n„t api)ear as an e.xiwrter of linseed, in i.joo, other- wise than in transit. TOMACCO IX LEAF AXI) IX STALK. The control of tobacco lH.inK in the hands of tlie State, in France thf imp.)rt,ition of tobacco in leaf and in stalk for individual account' IS prohibited, and tobaccos destined for the AVV" are exemin from duty. ' In I.H.J9 I'-rance imported 2i,.Si2 tons of tobacco in leaf orin stalk of a value of .^6,425,3,7 fnmcs, of which 9,019 tons were from the T ni.ed ,State.«, 2,2,S,i wus from Ura/il, 2,481 tons from Turkey 1 ^31 tons trom (k-rmany, 926 tons from Rnssi.i, ,S32 tons from Xeth'erlands 554 tons from the British Indies, 337 tons from Helgium, 224 tons frn 1 H.-iiti, 177 tons from Cuba and I'orto Rico, etc. In i9.» Canada exported S3. 661 worth of tobacco in leaf nearly all to the rnited States ; and to the value of S30.4SI of stalks and wastes, nearl\ all also to the I'liited States. If the establishments for dryiiiK', pickinR an.i packing tobacco leaf which It IS proiwse.l to instal in Ontario, or are in progress of in- stallation, were developed, it would be well for them not to lose sijjht of the French market, where the exiH.rters of the fiiited States lind an opening at the present moment for more than three million dollars- worth of their tobacco in leaf or in stem. OIL CAKE. In is>,9, France imi)urtejland 6,241 tons, etc. I In 1900, Canada exported $224,162 wortli of oil cake, nearly all for Great Hritain. The figures indicate that Great Britain sells to France to a large extent the oil cake she imports from Canada, and, of conrse at a profit. Direct sales to France therefore would result remuneratively. In addition, in igw, the Coinpaifiiir /■nmtv-Oinadianie- cirried nearly 6,000 tons of maize-cake. MALT REFUSK. . Included in this denomination is. ist : that of barley malt produced in the hrewiuK <>f l)eer. being the ninlt residue left in the vats after taking off the must ; 2nd, the malt refuse produced by the distilla- tion of maize, etc. There is nothing to distinguish between the malt refuse in the moist state and the dried malt refuse sometimes called "maltose." The American product resulting from the saccharification of starchy matter, and which is in brief a syrup of glucose concentrated to a paste, and which is commercially known as " maltose " is not referred to in this category. In 1 8^9, France imported 5,488 tons of malt refuse, valued at 203,054 francs, of which 3,342 tons were from the United States. In the Canadian Stati.stics we find no entry under this head. PFAT AM) TURF FOR FUEL. Importations in 1.S99. 22,912 tons valued at 687,351 francs. This importation will onl>- interest Canada when the projects on foot to establish the manufacture of a compound combustible have taken definite shape. We are afraid this projwsed combustible comix)und in entering France would be subject to the same duties as those of pit-coal. ' TALC, ASBESTOS, MICA, ETC. In i,S99, France imported 187,104 terns of these products, of the value of 3,742,080 francs. Belgium came first with 114.974 tons, Cermany next with 44,733 tons, England 12,520 tons, Austria-Hungary 3,o,S4 tons, Spain 3,003 tons, Norway 2,991 tons, Greece i )6, tons, the United States .S45 tons, etc. The three products jiani.-d are al 1 demand in France. French imi)orlers of asbestos do 1 ot n . c the quantities of that product from Canada that they desire. '; ne French imiwrtation is limited by the Canadian production. •24 The statistics of the Canadian Customs for 1900 do not give the exportation of asbestos to France; since June 30th ih^ Compa>,nne /• rauco-L a, m J,n„ie carri^A upwards of 6cx) tons, as well as some talc, In 19C0 Canada exj^rted 5^9.650 worth of asbestos, first class $216, -.r? worth second class : and $195,542 third class. '!•!■- Mjpply was almost exclusively local, from the Province of Jiicbec. ICE. In !■<„., Kr..nce imiwtcd 65,869 tons of ice, valued at 1,976,07a francs. Norway supplied the largest amount of anv one countrv, namelv 53.330 tons. In 1900, Canada exported $16,933 worth of ice to the United States, •shipped from the Province of Ontario. The Com/>air>iif Franco-Canadiame proposes to see in the case of short cargoes in the winter .sea.son, if it mav not be pos.sible to fill up any available .space with ice, notably for Normandy. Canada's revenge for the historical " Acres of Snow." PLUMBAGO. In 1 899, France imported 3,242 tons of graphite, or pi imbago of the value of 810,496 francs. This nm^ for the mo.st part from Italy, to the amount of 1,790 tons ; Ik-lgium sent 440 tons, England 388 tons, Germanv 292 tons, the British Indies 140, and the United States 51. In 1900, Canada exported $.^0,054 worth of plumbago to the United States. Most of this was furnished by Ontario, and some went from Nova Scotia. The United States, importers of plumbago from Canada, being Itself an exporter of plumbago to France, it is easv to .see direct rela- tions would facilitate the sale of Canadian plumbago in France It i!> therefore for the proprietors of phimbago in Ontario and Nova Scotia to interest themselves in the French market. SILVER ORES. Ill .899, France imported 901 tons of silver ore, valued at 405 520 trancs, coming principally from Peru and Chili. Canada does not appear to exiK,rt silver ore, but much metallic silver ,„ the concentrates of ores. In this form, silver does not enter tree, 1, France. In .900 Canada exjxjrted $, ,354,053 worth of metallic •silver in concentrates. IRON ORE. In 1899, France imported 1,951,336 tons of iron ore, of the value "JvS 13.364 traiics. Germany was, by fur, the largest shipper, with 1,313,851 tons Spainnextwith 509.785 tons. Italy with 28,683 tons. Belgiuiu 16,12; tons, Sweden 12.323 t.ms, Greece 11,261 tons, etc. ^5 11 ill [ill '1 ^■1 ot 1' In 1900 Canada exported $7,689 worth of iron ore to Great Britain and the United States, the product of Ontario, Quebec and British Columbia. IRON FILINGS AND SCALES. In 1899, France imported 1,048 tons, valued at 62,897 francs, mostly from Spain and Belgium. COPPER ORE. In 1S99, France imported 8,578 tons of copper ore of the value of 12,866,8.80 francs. Portugal sent 2,300 tons, Spain 2,158, Peru 1,275, the United States 899, Chili 878, Italy 457, etc. In 1900, Canada exported Si.3S7.3'3 worth of fine copper, in ore. matte rcgule, etc. to tlie United States, of which $1,381,760 worth was furnished by British Columbia, §4,952 by Ontario and 5501 by Quebec. FILINGS AND FRAGMENTS OF OLD COPPER WORK. In 1899, France imported 9,240 tons of this material to the value of 12,01 1 '/)3 francs. GcriiKiny sent 3.032 tons, Switzerland 1,094, Belgium 1,068, Tur- key 975, Knghuid 65S, Spain 521, Netherlands 421, ligypt 207, Italy 200, the United States 99, etc. LEAD ORE Lead ores, matte, and slag only, not containing more than thirty per cent metal, arc enjoying free customs entry in .ranee. In 1899, Fi.uice imported 13,653 tons of lead ore to the value of 2,730,618 francs, coming from Italy to the extent of 4,329 tons, Bel- gium 3,148, Australia 1,626, Spain 1,622, Portugal 790, etc. In i9fK). British Columbia ex]>orted $67,S,859 worth of metallic lead, in the ore, of which $6ii,44,S worth went to the United States, 5; ',989 worth to Great Britain and $26,122 to Belgium. ZINC ORE. In 1899, France imported 78,296 tons of zinc ore to the value of 21,139,885 franc:-.. The ore came as follows : from Italy 31,259 tons, Spain 26,733, Belgium 997, Germany 899, Australia 610, etc. In 1900, Canada was not an exporter of her zinc ores. 2ii ZINC IN CRUDE LUMPS, RAW, PIGS, BARS OR SLABS. In 1899, France imported 25,390 tons of zinc of the above des- •criptions. 18,337 tons were received from Belgium, 3,097 from Germany, 2,485 from Spain, 546 from Netherlands, 457 from the United States, etc. In 1900, Canada does not appear as an exporter of zinc of the alxjve descriptions =.11 ill I'll FILINGS AND FRAGMENTS OF OLD ZINC WORK. In 1899, France imported 1,7, i tons of this category, of a value of 941,26s francs, principally from Germany, Switzerland and Spain. No exports from Canada in 1900. NICKEL ORI.. In 1899, France imported 42,189 tons of nickel ore from New Caledonia, to the value of 14,766,234 francs. NICKEL OF FIRST FUSION, CAST, ' \TTE, SPEISSE. i France imported only one tun in 1899 of products of the above ■class, valued at 1,154 francs. In 1900, Canada exiwrted $1,040,498 ..orth of fine nickel, in ore, matte or speisse. to the I'nited States. NICKEL REFINED IN INGOTS OR IN CRUDE LUMPS. t: In 1S99, France imported 300 tons of this metal to the value of 975.5'^' francs. 238 tons were received from the I'nited States, 5^ from Russia, 27 from England, etc. Whether the Canadian nickel in matte or in refined ingots is con- sidered, there is an assured market for it in France. MANGANESE. In 1899, France imported 106,634 tonsofmangane.se ore, of the A-alue of 12,796,052 francs. 36,946 tons were received fr mi Geriuaiiy. 32.106 from Sp,^in, 11,681 from the British Indies, 7,746 from Russia. 3,350 from Greece, 2,866 from Brazil, etc. Canada does not appear as an exporter of manganese in 1900, but she posses.ses important deposits. ! i POTASH In iSgq. France imported 2,793 t. .of potash and carbonate of potash of a value of 1,256,013 francs. 971 tons wtre received from Germany, 453 from Belgium, 299 from Xetherlaiuls, 278 from the I'liited States, etc. In 1900, Canada exix)rted 563,311 worth of potash and perlasse of which 54«.633 worth went to Cxreat Britain, $12,065 worth to the United States, $1,290 worth to BelRium, $1,033 wortli to Au.stralia, and S300 worth to France. Since June 30th, further shipments were made to France by tlie Com/xix^ntf I-ranfo-Caiiadunn,-, which had already carried the above named consignments. Canadian potash is well known in France, where it is sold under the name of " |)Otasse Montreal." Direct communications could not fail to increase the trade. In any case it may be noted that the production of potash and perlasse in Canada has considerably diminished. M_ ALBUMEN. In 1899, France imported 362 tons of albumen, of the value of 1,628,856 francs, of which 109 tons were received from the United States. Canada does not appear as an exporter of this product for 1900. The exportation from ihe United States, if we are well informed, consists almost exclusively of beef blootl, or an albuminous substance obtained from the dairy and used in gumming paper. MILK SUGAR. Also called lactine or lactose. It is extracted from milk, in evaporating the milk by heat. The lactine takes the form of white crystals, hard, insoluble in alcohol and ether, .soluble in acetic acid and in six parts of cold water or three parts of boiling water. The product appears as an easy one to obtain from the Canadian creameries. In 1S99, France imported 60 tons of milk sugar, of a value of 80,760 francs, of which 25 tons were from Switzerland, 19 tons from the United States, etc. We are not aware whether Canada manufactures milk sugar : it does not apjiear in the Canadian statistics for 1900. HANDLES FOR AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, IN ..SH. This article is exemi)t from entrv duties in France only on condi- tion of not being longer than 2 metres 40 (a little under 8 ft.)in lengthy and of a diameter of less than 55 millimetres (about 2 inches ). In rS99, France imported 692 tons of handles of agricultural im- plements in ash of a value of 3: 1,283 francs. I'S They were furnished almost exclusively by the United States. Canadian statistics contain no mention of the above article, but it is certain that Canada which has the necessary wood for the purpose cculd '-ompete easily with the United States in the French market. K is an article that should not be lost sight of. CRUDE GOLD. In 1899, France imported 45,020 kgr. of crude gold, of the value of 156,217,614 francs. More than one half came from Kiigl.ind. In lyoo, Canada exported 5i,659,9,S8 worth of gold in ingots to the United States. CRUDE SILVER. In 1899, France imported 481,065 kgr. of crude silver of the value of 47, 144,373 francs. In 1900, Canada exported Sio.oSo worth of crude silver to the United States. ' Hi PRODUCTS ENTERING FRANCE ONLY UNDER THE GENERAL TARIFF. C.\TTLE. Oir//.— In i,S9<,, France imported 28,658 oxen, of the value of 5,921,624 francs. C "<',-.■->.— The same year, France imiwrted 5,997 cows of the value of 1,320,605 francs. />'«/A-.— The .same year, France imported 701 bulls, of the value of 165,820 francs. St.rrs and fill/locks. —In 1S99, France imported 103 steers and bullocks of the value of 14,739 francs. Jffi/iis.—ln 1899, France imiwrted 363 heifers of the value of 65.369 francs. Ca/vcs.—ln 1899, France imported 4,583 calves of the value of 290,086 francs. The principal im{x)rtations of oxen were from Algeria and Italy. Calves and bullocks came chiefly from Italy. Bulls and heifers were mainly received from England. In 1900, Canada exiiortcd 30,784 head of cattle of under one vear, of a value of $390,806, of which S375oo(^ worth went to the United States, and $14,823 worth to Great Britain : and 174,740 head of over one year, of the value $8,684,970, of which $7,564,257 worth went to Great Britain, and $1,026,039 worth to the I'nited States. fFor com- plete figures of Cr.nada's Exports to France, from 1896 to 1900, see a summary memorandum page 3}. It can be confidently asserted that the importation of cattle to France, whether stockers or fat cattle, only awaits the consolidation of the direct French Canadian line to assume decisive importance. 29 t 3 t 1: l\ t 1 ' . ' Numerous communications to that effect have been received, and the writer of these notes saw imiwrters in France recently wlm will come over to Canada to buy as soon as the service of 1891 is announced. S/io/>.—1h iSyi), I'V.mce imported 1,225,2^7 sheep of the value of 25. 533. '"^'J'^ francs. These were drawi principally from Algeria, namely, 1,042,098 head; the Argentine U.public furnished 86. 140 liead, Italy, 30,566, Russia, 17,448, Geni::;iiy, 16, 7^,9, Turkey, 12.863, Austria-Hungary, 12,705. Denmark, 2.1192, utc. In 1 9(K), Canada exiwrted 342.704 sheep, of under one year, of the value of Si, 182, 970. Nearly all these sheep went to the I'nited States. Canada also exported 1 17,240 sheep all over one year, of the value of 5711,042. of whieli 5460.913 worth went to Great Britain and 5234.835 to the I'llited Stales. <.)ntarin was the chief exporter of shee]) of under one > ear ; then, in the followiii); order: Ouebec. New I'ruiiswiek. I'riiiee Mdward Islaiul and Nova Seolia. /Vc.v. — In 1899. 39.120 ])igs of the value of 3,693,550 francs and 2,537 poreolets, of the value of 34,250 francs were imported !)>■ I'rance Italy furnished most of the supi)ly : 19.690 head ; Alj^eria sup- plied 13.736 head. luiglaiid 833 etc. In 1900. Canada exported. priiicipall\' Ontario, 1.634 pi};s, of the^ value of 514.553. of which 5' i.5>3 worth went to the United States. LIVH PorLTRY. In 1S99, France iin]K)rted 2,719 tons of live poultry, of the value of 3.,So3,49i francs. Ihese .anie from Italy, 1,146 tons. Russia 804 tons, Belgium 434 tons. Turkey 289 tons, Germany 7 ton lingland 5 tons, etc. In 1900, Canada exported 36.ik)3 worth of poultry, of which 532,263 worth went to the United States, and $628 worth went to Great Hritain. Ontario was the chief exiwrter, followed by Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia and Ouebec. The French market apix;ars to be more advantageous for live poultry than the United States or Great Hritain. DRi:SSi:i) POULTRY. In 1899, France imported 1,769 tons of dre.s.sed j oultry of the value of 3,538,182 francs. These came from Italy to the amount of 1,326 tons, from Belgium 198 tons, from Austria-Hungary 157 tons, Germany 79 tons, England 4 tons, etc. 30 The same remark may l)e made as regards dressed poultry as m the case of Hve poultry, as to the advantages presenteil by the French markets for Canadian exjwrters. PORK, SALT AND SMOKHH. France imp«irte(l 14.276 tons of salt pork and smoked bacon, of the value of 22,S33,,S56 francs. The United .States supplied more tl'.an half of the ah )ve, namely 7,492 tons. Ivii^riaiid sent ;,,;,49 tons, I!i.-lgium 2,450, (".< rniany, 861, etc. In 1900, Canada exiwrted Sr2,47i,5.)9 wortli of sides of bacon, $286,5 1 r worth of hams, and $45,009 of fat, (lard). Mo-t of this went to Ctl-.H Britain: 5.S6,S w )rtli of hams went to France, and tiie amount was increased after June yi. France offers an imiwrtant market for the salted and .smoked prod- uctsot i)()rk. The Tnited States importers are well aware of it, and it only dei)endson themsdves fur the Can.idian i)ackcrs to t.ake a large share of the tmde, particularly if they dont use bi)rax in the pre- paration of their hams. Ontario is most interested in the exportation of these products : in I9it: hnt it is evident there is a mistake asbetore Jnne .V'th, i.j,k. the Co,„pa^„i, /•><,;/.„- r„;W/,„,„- carried from Canada to France via Montreal a larue car^o of varion. grades of Aniericai) o,it>. Other cargoes of the .sinie kind were carried after Jnne V'tli and only the lack oi available space i.revente.l the bnsiness assuminK n.nch larijer dimen>ions. Attention i, called to the fact that France is above all a consumer ol bi«arreeoat> not of white oat^. We believe Ontario produces this kind of oats. It is because the Canadian exj-orters of oats faile.l t<. be );ni UMiallv appear to com- mand higher prices in Canada than the kind preferred in France and conse(iueiuly when offered on the I'rench market it is at m advance ..n the price of the other Rrade, which the consumer desires to obtain. The French market, it is shown In the figures, mav easilv become more advantageous for Canadian exporters of oats than those of nelKium and Oermany put loKcther. The French consumer anpe.rs to have a i>reference for clip])ed oats. HAKl.ICV, In i,S99 Fr.ance imported 156,262 tons of barlev of the value of 25,702,974 francs. Algeria was the principal shipper, with .,6.739 tons, then Russia with 32,.S23, Tunis with 21.655, Austria- Hunjiarv 1,^66 HelL'ium 1,434. etc. In 1 9'». Canada exported Si. 010,425 worth of barlev of which $810,9,7 worth went to Oreat Hritain. S.oi,o3.S worth to Ik-bMum S77.754 worth to the United States. Si.^,4>s worth to (n-nnai,.", etc' Quebec made the largest shipments, aggregating Ss-^7. S99. Ontario sending $335,654 worth, and New Uruiiswick 5146,262. The French market is certainly as accessible for Can ,da is for Russia. S\ RYK. France imported in iSw rye to the value of 47.740 franc*. It is not necessary to count on shipments of rye to France except m years of deficiency. „ •. • In 1900 Cinada exported $279,286 worth of rye to Great Hntain, of which nucl.cc supplied 5201,177 worth, Ontario $42.84 « and Nova Scotia $35,268. MAIZIv. In 1S99, France imported 577.987 tons of mai/c, of the value of "6 ''1)4 27 1 francs. ' AV"t'"esent 225,064 tons, the Tnited States 154.8.5. Roumania ,-11, Sol. Russia 57.68.V etc. Cinada in i9 to i9.-">. the situation was practically the same, .ship- ment. l-eiuK almost wholly in transit. These transit shipments ate nevertheless of importance and show a tendency more and more to find their wav through Montreal, a f.act of which advantage may mcreas- inRly Ih;' taken l.y the facilities afforded by the direct line Lompagmc I'raHco-CiUHuiifnnc . WHKAT FLOIR. In 1S99, France imported 21,416 tons of wheat flour, valued at 6,7o.S,924 francs. ... Of this Austria-HuiiRarv sent 9.8,S8 tons, Alpena 3,755 tons, Turkey 5^.3 tons, luiKland 418 tons. HelKium 389. Germany 228. the United States 17.S tons, etc. In 1900, Canada exixjrted $2,791,887 worth of wheat flour, of which Ni, 665,70s worth went to Great Hritain, %\arte worth of beans, whole, (hari- cots) of which more than the half 5.72.140. worth, went to France $99,341 to the United States, $17,700 to Great Hriiain, •si i 177 to Belgium, and $448 to Gerniaii\ . The beans, whole, of Canada ( hand picked) pea-beans, are well- known and c^^tcemed in Fiance, and are regularly quoted at ih^- Bourse du auHiiura- dc Paris. This exportation can be largely developed, the French iniporta- I. I' tion biiing in reality much larger tiian Cauad \ supplied in 1900. The Canadian pea, Victoria, 0>lack eyed pea) is alto well known and liked in France .•» In ic>-K), C u>;»(l.» fX|K»rtc,i5' »<» (icrmatiy. Thi' Caiiailiai' ixiH.rtation to France in iii tons yearly. Cm Ilia li IS aUo coiunicticiil the cx|>orl itioti to l-'raiicc ( f consider- able (|naiilitie- of cle.metl >ee*l pets troni the ili.slrict ol reterl>orou«li. Ont. Thi^ expnrtatioii may l>e exjiecled to reach in the nei>;lilH)rh(M)d of .vo"" I' ns a \ear from Ontario ami Manitoha. Tile Ci'iiif'ii.'iiii />i"/((i t'lntiuiii mil Is as-nred of the fact. Aiiotiier l.":iii.iili.iii iirudmt nf a similar class, the lentil, and another variety, the \i lcIi lia* .lUi lieeii in demand in France .since List year, wlkii it w.is s;ii].])ed l'> the i ,i/'//».fC"'' li'iniviitiouiiiiitw . It result^ iroMi an exariir.atioii ot these facts and tinnres that tli.mksto til'-- direil line /■'nvh.' ( ixna.iinni,-, the jiroduets al«)ve nameil will find a '.ei\ laiv;e market in l-'raii.e i'(iT.\'i"()i:s. Ill is>) /. l"i aim ini|«)rteii'iit 111 itatoes valued at .V.VV'.-t*^'.^ frain s. IleUiimi ,,mu ..aite.l .•S.;,7(. tons. .\lv,'eria 10, .'vS,; tons. S)5, ('.ermaiiy 7^5, Swit/erland m<', I'oi tll^;al S7, laij?- laml 7J. etc. Ill i.,M. . C.m.iila exi»)rte.V)-' Wiirih went to ('..eat Hritaiii, and noii/ at all to aiiv other part of l'aiio]ie. Tile iMi-->iiiilities .if ex])iirtation to France are cvitkiitly a .|iiestion of ]irice. qii ilitv, and the deficiency of the yield in France. liU.W FROM ANY K1NI> oF ClCKlvAI.. In isiji), iMMiue iinponed ,i'i,J.^-' tons of the above, of tile v.ilue oi ,=;.4,'i4 77<» tr.iius. The .\r«-utiiie Re])ul.lic supplied ni.H.s tons, Italy 6.7^.4. Algeria 5,;,H4. Ikl-iiim -• 7.H2, Turkey i,;,42, Ivk'ypt ,V|I. l-Jinlaii.l 297, the I'nited States 246, etc I'.re.il iJrii.iiu and the Tiiited States being sellers aKain to France, it w.mld he o'lviou^ly easy for Cm ida to transact the husiness direct with IVatue hy the medium of the direct line /■r,tiii'u\ COAL. TIk- i np irlatioii of coal and coke in France, in iy. h^jures up to I vo"o.i«io tons and aS.s.noo.oo" fniiics. The day the Can.idiaii mines, notahly those of Cape Hrettm are in a i«,>itioii lo cxp:irt lar;;ely. lliev will uHqm-ti:>nah!y Hnd a si^ market in France for coiwi francs, .(tli! 9.16 foals, of the value of pi,2(K) francs. Sttit/i,>n< -Al);cria furni-lie.l nearly all the stallion^, namely 9. 41 6 head, then Tunis 22s head, Heluiuni .;j, Russia h2. luiKland 54, Sjiaiu ,',3. etc. The figures show that the iiu|>ortation of stallion-, is confined almost exclusively to horses of the lighter classes, similar to the Canadian proluct. and the h.df-l.red Aral) horses of Algeria and Tunis and the medium weij^dits of Russians and Si'anish. ^././///i,'>.— Austiia n unwary is at the hcail of the list with 4 .^15 head, then IvuKland with 2,3f<2 head, Russia with i.-s.s;, IklKium i,^;N5 Italy S4H, the rilUed States 424, Alj^eria t,t,2. etc. In the year is.j.i, I'Vance imported from Canada 7,^) K<-'UliiiKs. A^ain the ini])ortatiun were of the lighter classes. .!/,;;•, .«.— Austria Hungary aK.iin led with 2,,V'J head, then Kngland with I, (.55. HelKium 412, Italy 25^, M^;eria yi, Tunis 73, etc. .\k;>'". not man> heavy breeds. /•;>,?/.<.— 592 came from Beluam, 144 from .Spain, etc. What France most needs from Canada in the sha|)e of hor.se-desh, is chiefly remounts for her liKht cavalry and hackneys. This exportation uiiKlit he largely increa.sed with the rcRular sailiufjs of a .lirect line between Canada and France. The CiWify.ii^iiw rninio-Ca>ia,li,>nu- is already in receii>t of applications in this direc- tion, and exporters are manifesting some impatience to have fixed dates for shipment for lycn The Customs tarifT put in force in \'ns of pork butchers' produce in 1899, of the value of 5.774.331 francs. The United States sending 1,501 tons, Italy 3S8, Germany 113, Belgium 52, ICngland 43, etc. The duty on [lork butcliers' produce, was, under the law of 1S92, 25 francs jier ux) kgr. net, the lowi;st possible tariff. The law of April 5, 1898, raised the iluty to iijofrs per 100 kgr. net, under the general tariff, and made it 50 frs per icxjkgr. under the minimum tariff. The imporiations, notal)ly Uiose from the I'nited Slates, which did not come under the minimum tariff, show that the raising of the duty to four times that charged under the general tariff of 1892 did not completely paraly/e the imix)rtation of these products from the I'nited States ; far from it. HOG'S LARD. in 1899, I'Vance imiK)rled 17,693 tons uf hog's lard of the value of 13,446,433 francs, of which 15,684 tons were from the United States, 1,235 from Belgium, 45S from I'jigland, 2.S0 from Italy, vtc. :is The duty is 40 francs per 100 kgr. net, general tariff, and 25 francs minimum tariff. The United States profit l)y the minimum tariff by virtue of its treaty of commerce with France. In 1900, Canada exported $11,215 worth of hog's lard, of which $10,667 worth went to Great Britain. Ontario led with $6,055 : then came Quebec with $4,808. OLEOMARGARINE, ALIMENTARY FATS AND SIMILAR SUBSTANCES. In 1899, France imported 423 tons, of the value of 393.332 francs, of which 199 tons were from Belgium, 163 from the United States, 37 tons from Netherlands, &c. The duty of these articles is 35 francs per 100 kgr. net, general tariff, and 25 francs minimum tariff. Canada does not appear in the returns as an exporter of these products. EGGS. In 1899. France imported 20,112 tons of eggs of the value of 28,561,423 francs. Italy furni.shed most of the above, namely 10,696 tons, then Belgium 4,149 tons, Russia 1,999. Turkey 1,588, Germany 673, Egypt 456, Austria Hungary 246, Switzerland 134, &c. In 1900, Canada exported $1,457,902 worth of eggs of which nearly all went to Great Britain. Ontario and Quebec were the largest exjiorters of the jiroduct. The duty on eggs on entry into France, is 10 francs per 100 kgr. general tariff. CHEESE. In 1899, France imported 22,200 tons of cheese of the value of 36,604,248 francs. Switzerland led the list with 10,044 tons ; then came Netherlands with 6,881 tons, Italy 2,095 tons, Germany 432, Belgium 251, &c. In 1900, Canada cxjKjrted $19, K56, 324 worth of cheese of which $19,812,670 worth went to Great Britain. After June 30th. a tri;il shipment was made of Canadian cheese to central France by the Compa^iin- J-'raiiiv-Caiiadiiiiuc. The duty itniKjsed l)y France on cheese of all kinds is 25 francs per 100 kgr. net. I'nder the minimum tariff there is adistinclioti between the cheese of the " de Gruyere " class, and t)lher grades. " De Gruyere " cheese pays (i\\\\ 12 francs per 100 kgr. net, and all other sorts (tons autres) 13 francs per 100 kgr. net. under niininium tariff. The Canadian chee.se is included in that category of clieche (tons autres). There is a good oi)enin>; for Canadian cheese, if sent over in a sufficiently riinjlied condilioli to suit French taste. h\ f »■ I ! i| The above figures show a good importation of cheese from Holland the grades are known in France as " Dutch Cheese," and " Death's Head " or ' • red crust. ' ' The centre and south west of France take most of the Holland cheese, as well as of Chester and Cheddar. Paris, of course, takes all sorts of cheese. We have frequently seen at Bordeaux, Cheddar cheese inconte.sta- bly of Canadian orij^in, sold side by side with great quantities of " Chester." We have made enquiries and learned that cheese imported from Canada into Knj;land — too fresh for French taste, is ripened by the En>;lish dealers in special storage chambers, and when matured, re-exiwrtwl to France as English cheese. The day Canadian cheese exjiorters would take their jilace in the French market that l)elongs to them, the first condition to observe will be to see the sliijiiiients are confined to sufficiently matured cheese, three months at least, if we mistake not. The operation of rii)ening the product for exjxjrt to France will of course involve some additional exjK-nse, but this will be largely made up by the advantage that will be gained by direct shiimient to the French market. It must l)e evident that Ktiglisli dealers would not ripen the Canadian ])roduct and reexport to France unless there was profit in it. N'arious exiK-nditures of management, storage, handling and re-ex- portation, which tile hnj;Ii-h re exjKirters have to meet, would be saved the original Canadian exix)rter by ship])ing his products to France direct. The figures given of the exportation of cheese from l-jigland to Fraiiiv do not >eeni to justif.\ an efi'ort on the pari of the Canadian exi).)rters to find the French market, esi)tcially .1., the figures show the luiglish shi])ments were liniiled to j.s tens. I'.ut it is with regard to the ex])ortati.)n from Holland, thanks to the relatively low price of the Canadian product, that there is a promising oj)eiiing for it?, introduction .as a substitute for tlie Dutch cheese, principally in centre and south west France. It will then l)e entering a market not of So but of 7,o. France iniix)rted 6,494 tons of butter, fresh or melted, of the value of is, .S^^, 171 francs. These products came from Helginm, 3,173 tims. Italy 1,749 tons, Netherlands 1,216, ICnglaml 152. C.ermany 79, etc. 4(1 Canada does not at present figure as an exporter of butter in the fresh or melted state, but only the salted grades. BUTTER, SALTED. In 1899, France imported 457 tons of salted butter of the value of 1,141,933 francs. These butters came from Italy, 304 tons, Netherlands 61, Belgium 38, England 27, etc. The altove figures, whether as regards fresh and melted, or salted kinds of butter, would tend to show there is little prospect of Canada for some time being able to find a large market in France for her butters. This is the .sentiment of the writer of this note. It is or.'y right to say, some of his compatriots connected with the manufacture of Canadian butter, claim on the contrary that Canada could e.xport butters to France carefully selected by experienced persons, jiractically conversant with the classification of butters on the French nuirkets. They al.so see a future for Canadian dairies in the exportation to France of sailed butter in Ixjxes which might be re-exported by France to her colonies. The duty on butters of all kinds is 30 francs ptr uk> kgr. net, general tariff and 20 francs per 100 kgs. , gross, niiiiimnni tariff. HOXHV. In iS()9. France inijiorted 1,004 tons of honey of the value of 752.366 francs. 45.S tons were received from Chili. 162 tons from Germany, 102 tons from Italy, 95 tons from Cuba and Porto Rico, 61 tons from Belgium, 3,) from .\ustria Hungary, 36 from Hayti, 32 from luiglnnd, etc. In 1900, Canada exi>orted 5547 worth of honey to Cireat Hritain and S234 worth to the I'nited .States. We believe tills imjxjrtation is destined todevelop, and it would be well for Canadian >lii])])ers to look to the French market rather than the l-nglish, which imports from Canada and exports agaii; to France. The duty on honey entering France is 15 francs per 100 kgr. net, general tariff and 10 francs ])er ich> kgr.. gross, minimum tariff, I'l.SII OILS. In i,*<<)9. France imjxirted : i>t. ,Si4 tons whale oil, of the value of 447,907 francs ; 2ml. 2,.S7o tons of codfish oil, of the value of i.S6s,.S7,S francs ; 3rd. 1,4^2 tons of other fish oils of the value of i,4Si ,9(10 francs. The whale oil came from Xorwa\ . to the extent of 453 tons ; from Kngland 227 ton-, from I'.ra/il. 1..9 lous, fiuui Xelherlaiui.s 10 tons etc. The codfish oil came from .St. Pierre i,27,s tons, Xetlurlands 1,033 tons, I'jigland 2(17, Xorwa>- 170, C.erniany 96. Helgium 23 etc. 41 'If;. I I' 'if ••l .h ill The Otis of other fish came from the British Possessions of North America 465 tons, Kngland 4.VS tons, Japan 249, Belgium 101. Spain 75. C.ermany ; the Netherlands. Portugal. United States, an average of say 20 tons each. Ill 1900 Canada exported S50.239 worth of codfish oils, of which $47,271 worth went to the United States. $2,9^1 worth to Grea* Britain: with $759 worth of seal oil, of which $617 worth went to Great Britain and $148 worth to the United States. The duty on entering France is 7 francs per 100 kgr. gross, gen- eral tariff, and 6 francs minimiiin tariff. ROES OF COD AND MACKEREL In 1899 France imported 5.496 tons of roes of cod and mackerel of the value of $824,385 francs. 4,570 tons came from Norway. 813 tons from St. Pierre. 62 tons from the United States. 24 from Nether- lands, etc. In the Canadian statistics there is no eiitrv of roes of cod and mackerel. The exjiortations of that product would no doubt be in- cluded under the head of "other articles, products of fisheries," which figure to the extent of 516,140 of which $257 worth went to France. In 1900, after June 30th, several consignments of roes of codfish were forwarded by the CompagnU- Franco-Canadunne, and the trade IS certain to develop. The .(.•ts of codfish and mackerel are much used in France for fishing, notably that of the sardine. f \ 1 • i I ;! ■•-- SEED FOR SOWING, INCLUDING " LA JAROSSK. ' In i,S99, France imix)rted 6,059 tons of these seeds (not including that ot the bt-et root. lucerne .md trefoil ) of the value of 7.270600 francs. ' 1.927 tons came from Germany, 1,139 from England. .S4., from Russia. 639 from Russia. 590 from Tri,x.li. 302 from Belgium ,,0 from Netherlands, 125 from the United States, etc. In 19.W CaiK-i.la c.xi.,rted S49.29.'. wortil of grass seeds an3 tons of preserves of the alxjve class of Uie value of 1,103,805 francs. 4:i il Hi I: ! t ; England furnislu-J most of these goods, namely 774 tons The United States supplk^ ,7 tons. wz-ti^ns. ine A second classification is provided by the French Customs, namely peserves without sugar or honey, but there are no returns under th^ head u, the statistics of the French Customs for , 899 Canada does not appear in the returns as an exporter of preserves. Preser^•es, with sugar or honey, pay 38 francs jK-r ,00 kgr net general tariff, and .6 francs ,H.r nx, kgr. net. minimum tariff. ' Preserves without sugar or milk pay ,0 francs per 100 kgr rough K-eneral tariff, and 8 francs i>er ,00 kgr.. gross, niirmum tariff. PKRCHES, POLKS AND STAFFS. ROUGH. exceeding 1 metre .0 cent. i„ length and of a circumference not exceeding 60 centimetres al the thickest end. Indude.l in this clas are perches of rough w.kxI for the manufacture of rings ^" 'f>^- f--^"'^-^' ""I-orted 5t,98o tons of w.H.d of the nlwe kinds of the value of i .559,932 francs. V.954 tons were received from Rus.sia, 8,152 tons from Belgium. (on k- r/r' '"•■"'•■• ''"'^' """ ^^°"' '^'^ N'etherlaiuls 909 to >f o„ Ital> ,S37 tons from Suit.erlan.l, 534 tons from Xorw v 2,9 toils from .Sweden, 253 from the riiited States etc .900. Canada ex-,K,rted S.2,272 worth of perches, of which >2., 00 worth went to Great nritain. mostly from Xew Brunswick Canada .a so exp.rted S3..^o5 worth of masts a,:d spars chieflv theprodrnt of Xova .Scotia ; S7.. worth of hop-,H.les the prolm ^•Inetlyot Ontario, to the Unite.l States; S.r..s,^Lth o teW 'h Hes^ to the rnited States, of which S.9,ooS wilrth^:!;; 'X^t Ontano. a„, S", SS3 worth in ynebec ; and nn.loul.te.llv . ther clas." l^T """■.T-;-* -"- ""•'- I---1. classiHcations sim^r^ ':;;;;;:::;:■;;:;" ''''- ^'^^ ■- --^--''^ ^'-^'«-'-- '•• '■'" for a^'^'e txr!^' ^'''"Y^^^'^'^f ^•'''-" "f P-Iuctsof the forests, room toral,.r,-. extei..s„.„ of Can.ulian exix.rtations to Fnance which in I9'>. were limited to a few dollars onlv. The French duty on perches, ix.k-s ami stifTs r,,M,ri, 1 • ""'■ " «"■«- ■•' '-.«. irc„,,,,:;i,;;' ,;„ ;,™:'t'':': r "";:;,';■' '-'""■■ «'»■ »•■■""»■ •"». ■■«••> s« «„,„„:;,..: K.Ljr. , roiiijli, miniimiin. ' RKSIXors WOOD, IX Loos. Franc val..c "'S5"jS'^rin:'r'^" '''■''' '""^ "^ ^^ ^'"•- --"^- "^ "- 89.6S5 tons were received from k„ssia (Finland). 2,,,.., from Norway, ,6.97., trom (Wmnny, 2,13; ,,.,„ Swc.ien, ' Canada apj.ears with good reason to have .led.led to s,„p the ex port o logs, and pVance finds it more an.l more difficuh U stX herseh tn.m Fmland, Germany, Sweden and Xorway. ' ^ " 44 The alwve products beins nearly exclusively ii-ed in the prepara- tion of cellulose pulp, it is evi'lent that the 134,546 tons of importation* into France in 1899 will be replaced at no distant date-, by the inifjor- tation of some 100,000 tons of cellulose pulp in addition to the quan- tities stated in our first note. CHARCOAL. IniiKjrtation in France, 1899 : 5,43 2tons, value 475,300 francs. This prcxluct at present comts into France from the frontier countries and does not apjK'ar likely to interest Caiiadi in> exporters lor sonic time to come. STRAW Ok WOOL OF WOOD. In 1899, France im]H)rted 1,414 tons of ^u•a\v of w.xmI, valued at 212,703 francs, i.jio Un\> were received from Belgium. 9^1 from Germany, &c. Canada does not apjiear at present as an exiH>rter of straw or w<»i of wixhI. The duty on these ])roducts is 75 centimes per 100 kgr., gro^s, general tariff, or 50 centimes per 100 kgr. , gross, minimum. TANNKl) HARK, GROUND OR NOT. In i,S99, France im])orted 7,059 tons of this product, of the value o 70-,, 5 14 francs. 3.S50 tons WL're received from Algeria, 1.386 from the British Pos- sessions in Fast .\ftica, 7 17 tons from Belgium, 570 from Spain, 56 fi.im ICng and, 56 from Australia, 14 from Germany, etc. In 1900, Canada exixjrted $01,899 worth of bark for tanners to the United States. New Brunsvyick and Nova Scotia were the jnincipal exporters. With a direct line, allowing low freights, it ought to be jjossible for Canadian exjxjrters to supply the French market, with good results. The duty on tanned bark, grounti or not, is i f. 50 \k-t 100 kgr. , rough, general tariff, and i fr. mininuun tariff. FODDFR. In 1S99. France imixirted 13,231 tons of fodder, of the value of 1,931,751 francs. 4,543 tons were received from Italy, 3,374 from Belgium, 2,333 from Germany, 1.591 from Si)ain, 373 from the Republic of Argen- tine, 283 from Algeria, 203 from Switzerland, 166 from luigland, 44 from Russia, 27 from Netherlands, etc. In i9o<3, Canada exported 51.414,109 worth of hay, of which 57 1 5. 7'H worth went lo the United States, $378,946 worth to Great Britain and S'63,260 worth to British Africa. (Quebec was the ])rini:ip.il <.x]).)rii.r. for $850,649 worth, then New Brunswick for $304,837, Ontario for $172,449 and Nova Scotia for $76,727. France is herself a producer of hay and is not likely to be a large imjxirter in ordinary heasi)ns. 45 * it 'ft- I : : i.lil :v il Hi It was correctly thought at the end of 1900. they hay might J)ecoiiic scarce in France last winter, and trial shipments of Canadian hay were made to France by the Compagnie Franco-Canadiatne. The probable exi)ortation of considerable (juantities of Canadian hay in exceptionally dry seasons slionld not Ik; lost si^ht of. The duty on fodder generally cnterinK France is 75 centimes per 100 kgr., gross, Reiieral tariff, and 50 centimes minimum tariff. We will not stop to di.scuss iKtroleum an on the alwve cla.ss of goods is 2 frs. jier 100 kgr, gross, general tariff and i fr. 50 minimum. FERRO-MANGANESE, FERRO-SILICON, ETC. In 1899, France imiwrted 4,246 tons of these ca.stings, of the value of 1,188,833 francs. 4. 1 13 tons were received from England, and 128 tons from Germany. The Canadian statistics do not give details in this i)art:cular clas- sification of exjx)rts. The French luty is 4 fr. 75 i)er loo kgr., gross, general tariff, and 3 fr. 50 minimum tariff. WROUGHT IRON, CRUDE, IN PRIS.MS, OR BARS, CON- TAINING 4 PER CENT OR LESS OF DROSS. In 1899 France inijiorted 10,982 tons of these protlucts, of the value of 1,262,894 francs. 6,912 tons came from Germany, 3.229 from Belgium. 425 ."rom England, 339 from Sweden, etc. In 1900 Canada exix>rted $137,651 worth of pig iron and stee' blooms, of which $76,660 went to the' United States and $36,647 worth to Great Britain. 46 These shipments were atxtut equally from Nova Scotia, Quebec and Ontario. The French duty is 5 frs. per icX) kgr., crude, general tariff, Mid 4 frs. 50 minimum. After June 30th, 1900. there were exported to France from Canada by the Compagnie Franco-Canadienne 200 tons of charcoal iron in pigs, and cargo space is at this moment asked for further .shipments for tho season of ujoi. CHARCOAL IRON, DRAWN IN BARS. France in 1S99, imported 12,190 tons of this protluct, of the value of 3,291,328 francs. ii,6.S7 tons camu from Sweden, 303 from Germany, 154 from England. The Canadian statistics do not cDiitain details of exportations of charcoal iron in hars. Tile French duty is 6 fr. per 100 kgr., gross, general tariff, and 5 frs. mininiuni tariff. The French niatket is incontestahly the most favorable of all for charcoal iron in pigs, lumps or bars, and the Canadian iron industry, now in courseof rapid developement, will scarcely fail to seek to supply the place of the Swedish exporters in the French market. 1'^; CORK IRON,. DRAWN IX BARS. In i,S99, F'rance imported 16,201 tons of the above protluct, of the value of 2,592,177 francs. 9,740 tons were brought from Belgium, 3,192 from England, 2,772 from (ierinany, 425 from Sweden, etc. Here again is a branch of industry in which Canadian products will easily find a market in France. The duty is the same as for charcoal iron in bars. IRON RAILS. In 1899, France imiwrted 4(5 tons of iron rails, of the value of 73,343 francs, of which 280 tons came from the United States, \::q tons from Belgium, 28 tons from Germany, etc. This importation is destined to decline, France now chiefly iising steel rails. The French duty on iron rails is 7 fr. per 100 kgr., gross, general tariff, and 6 fr. miuinnini. ANGLE AND -T' IRON. In 1899, France imjwrted 4,483 tons of this class of iron, of the value of 878,961 francs. 47 ir 1 ,692 Ions came from KiiKlaiid, 1.626 from Belgium, 1,386 from Gcrniany, itc. Duty till' saim- as for charcoal iron bars. Dvtails of these c' issts of iron do not apiK-ar in tlic Canadian statistics. AXLKS .\Ni) TVRKS, WROrc.HT, ROrOH. Im|)ortati()n in kS.^.,, i_v) tons, value .52,62., francs. From (lermany, Crcat Britain, HclKium. Tlic duty is 10 fr. i)cr 100 k^r., j^ross, >;cncral tariff, .S francs niininitnii. IRON OR sTi;i;i,. machim:. In i.S.^9. France imported 2.1 (2 tons of these irons and steels, of the value of ,42.S, V)o francs. This is a cl.is> of iron or steel liot rolled, not wire-drawn, in small sections, in I..11K leUK'tlis, rolle.l red-hot from the train machine in a conronne composed of a certain ninniier of turns. TIk- seotion may lie round, scpure. oval, half-round, triangular- The dimensions do not exceed in pr.ictice a centimetre sideways or in (lianieter ( about ' ; of an inch). The French duty is 7 fr. 50 per 100 kjjr., ^ross, );encral tariff, and 6 fr. 50 niiiiinuim. IKON OR STKI'L FOR HOOPS. fni])ortation 627 tons ; value 138,026 francs. Received from C.erm.iny, IklKium, lui^jland, Switzerland. No details >;iven in the Canadian statistics. The Frenth duty on thisclass of products is 7 fr. 50 per 100 kgr., roUKh, when more than one millimetre thick, Keiieral tariff, and 6 tr. 50 minimum; and H fr. per lou k^r., gross, Keueral tariff, and 7 fr, mini- mum when one millimetre thick or under. 13 li SHKHT AXI) I'LATf: IRON, ROLIJCI) OR HAMMIC RKI). France in i,S99, imiwrted 10,196 tons of these products, valued at 2,345,126 trancs. i.9^(-> tons were received from IviKland, 3,917 fnmi Belgium, 1,912 from C.ermany, 372 from Sweden, iVc. The>e products are not detailed in the Canadian statistics. The French duty on sheet and plate iron, rolled or hammered, flat, more than one millimetre in thickness, not cut, is 7 fr, 50 per 100 kgr.! rough, general tariff, and 7 francs minimum ; the same cut to any shape ,S fr. per iw kgr., gross, general tariff, atid 7 fr. 50 minimum. 48 SHEET AND PLATE IRON.BLACK, OF MORE THAN /« OF A MILLIMETRE THICK. In 1899, France imported 1,051 tons of this product, valued at 315,177 francs, of which 751 tons came from England, 145 from Bel- gium, 137 from Cicrmany, &c. Xo details ^iven in the Canadian statistics. The duty on these articles is 10 francs per ic«j kgr., rouRh, general tariff, and 9 francs minimum, for uncut ; and it fr. per lai kjjr., net, Reneral tariff, and 10 fr. j)er 100 k>;r., k^oss, minimum, cut to any shape. SHEET AND PLATE IRON ,"„ OF A MILLIMETRE OR LESS. In 1899, France imported 5.097 tons of these products, of the value of 1,784,099 francs. 2,840 tons were received from England, 2,01 H from Kel^inm, &c. No details jjiven in the Canadian statistics. The French duty is 12 fr. per 100 k^r , net, general tariff, and 10 fr. per 100 kgr., gross, minimum, for uncut, and 12 fr. per 100 kgr. net, general tariff, and 11 fr. minimum, cut to any .shape. IRON, TINNED. (TIN), COPPERED, LEADED OR ZINKED. In 1899, France imported 16,639 tons of these products, of the value of 6,322,720 francs. Of the alx)ve total, 16.186 tons were received from England, 213 tons from Italy, 129 tons from Germany, &c. No details given in the Canadian statistics. The duty on these products is 14 frs. per 100 kgr., net, general tariff, 12 fr. minimum, when over {\, of a millimetre thick ; and 15 fr. per 100 kgr, net. general tariff, and 13 fr. minimum when ,"„- of a millimetre or less. IRON OR STEEL WIRE, TINNED, COPPERED. ZINKED. GALVANIZED OR NOT. In 1899, France iiinwrted 2,053 to"^ of these products, of the value of 615,877 francs. 927 tons were reciiived from Germany, 890 from England, iiS from Belgium, etc. No specific details in the Canadian statistics. Tiie duty oil thes2 goods is, ist, 8 francs per 100 kgr., gross, general tariff, and 7 fr. minimum, when over 2 millimetres diameter ; 2nd, :i tr. per 10 j kgr., net, general tariff, and 10 fr. per 100 kgr. net, minimum, when i 10 2 millimetres diameter; 3rd, 13 fr. i)er 100 kgr., net, general tariff, and 12 fr. minimum when 5-10 of a millimetre to a millimetre diameter. 40 !;► I STKEL RAILS. In iJiyy, France inijiortecl 7,791 tons of steel rails of the value of I,j66.,^22 francs Ik'lKiun: furnished 5,553 tons, United Staten 1,762 tons, Germany 1(h) tons, etc. Nu details in the Canadian statistics. The French dnty on steel rails is the same as on iron raiU.naniely, 7 fr. ix-r KK) kgr., uross, general tariff, and 6 fr. minimum. sti:i;l, in ixoots, hillkts, bars and othkr. In i8i>9 France iiniKirted .S,i4«) tons of these steel proilucts, of the value of 1, 1 40. >j 1 2 francs. They were supplied by Belgium, 3,052 tons, Sweden 2,933, Oer- iiiany 1,344, Filmland 6jo, etc. The Canadian e.xixjrtations of these jiroducts are included in the fiRures of iron and steel jmrs and other articles already cited. The French duty on steel in injjots is 6 fr. per 100 k^jr. , rou^h, general tariff, and 5 fr. inininiutn. On steel in bl(x)ms, billets, bars and all other kinds, the duty is 7 fr. \kt 100 kgr., gross, general tariff, and 6 fr. niinitiiuni. axijvS and tyres, rough, in STKFL. ImiK)rtations 51)7 tons, value 136,651 francs. 301 tons were re- ceived from Belgium. 203 from Germany, 83 from England, etc. Same duiv as on axles and tvres in iron. STEEL, FINE, FOR TOOLS. In 1.^99 France inqwrled 1,940 tons of the value of 2,522,166 francs. Ivngland sent 1,164 tons, Austria-Hungary 499, Germany 157, Sweden 70, Switzerland 22 etc. No details given in Canadian statistics. The duty on entry into France is 20 fr. jxjr 100 kgr., net, general tariff, and 15 fr. minimum. STEEL, IX SHEETS OR BANDS, BROWN, HOT-ROLLED. In 1.S99 France imported 2,952 tons, valued at 7o,s,4i,s francs. England sent 1,297 tons, Belgium 1,074, Germany 451 etc. No details in the Canadian statistics. The French duty, ist, 7 fr. 50 per 100 kgr., gross, general tariff, and 7 fr. minimum, in sheets and bands of more than one milli- metre thick, not cut ; and. 9 fr. 50 p.-r 100 k«r,, rough, Reneral tariff, and i) fr. niinimuui, on the --"ne. cut ; 3rd, H fr. per ia> kgr.. KroH.s Keneral tariff, and 7 fr. 5., ,„, on sheets and bands of 610 of a mdhmetre to one milliimfrt .ut : 4th. 10 fr. per 100 k^r., KroH.H. Keneral tariff. 9 fr. 50 mininuini tor the same cut : 5th, 11 fr. per icx> kKr. net, Reneral tariff, ami 10 fr. |Krr .oo k^r.. K'ross minimum on sheets an- t ■l i ! NICKEL ALLOYED WITH COPPER WITH OR WITHOUT ZINC. In lingots.—\x\ 1899 France bought 14 tons from England, of the vahie of 30,443 francs. No exportation of this product from Canada. The French duty is 10 fr. per 100 kgr., rough, general tariff, and 7 fr. so minimum. Hammered, rolled, draxcn. — Importation, 1899, 233 tons, valued at 814,863 francs. Germany sent 143 tons, Austria Hungary 43 tons, etc. No Canadian exportation. TALC, PULVERIZED. Importation in France. 1899, 3,943 tons, valued at 197,126 francs. Italy sent 1,582 tons, the United States 1,558, Spain 525, Austria- Hungary 227, Belgium 25, &c. No details in the Canadian statistics. After June, 30th, 1900, there was a consignment for%varded to France of pulverised talc originating in Canada, per the Compagnie Franco-Canadienne. It is a trade that might be largely increased. The French duty is 35 centimes per 100 kgr., gross, general tariff, and 25 centimes, minimum. STARCH. Importation in France, 1899, 1,253 tons, valued at 448,908 francs. Germany .sent 694 tons, Belgium 366, England 152, the Nether- lands 39, the United States 16 etc. In 1900 Canada exported 6,243 tons of starch, of which 6,208 tons were sent to Great Biitain. Ontario and Prince Edward Island shared the trade. Great Britain, which imported from Canada, is an exporter to France. The French duty on starch is 22 fr. per 100 kgr. net, general tariff, and 1 2 fr. minimum tariff. FECULtE OF POTATOES, MAIZE. ETC. French im(xjrtation 112 tons in 1899 ; value 23,895 francs. Belgium sent 48 tons, the Netherlands 40, England 16, Ger- many, 7 etc. No Canadian exjjortation in 1900. The duly is 15 fr. per loj kgr., net, general tariff, and 12 fi. minimum. 5( Mi i! DEXTRINE AND OTHER PRODUCTS DERIVED FROM FECUL^. No Canadian exportation in 1900. Importation in France for 1899, 113 tons, value 45,237 francs, of which Germany supplied 47 tons, Austria Hungary 38, England 11, Belgium 10, Switzerland 7 and the United States i. The duty is 19 frs. per icxj kgr. net, general tariff and fr. 16, 50 minimun tariff. INSINGLASS In 1899, Jie French importation was 69 tons, valued at 1,372,260 francs. Russia supplied 16 tons, England 13, Belgium 13, United States 7. Canada does not appear as an exporter of this product in 1900. BLACKING. 137 tons were imported in France in 1899, of a value of 109,948 francs. England supplied 57 tons, the United States 41, Switzerland 21, Belgium 16, etc. Canada does not figure as an exporter fn 1900. The French duty is 5 fr. per 100 kgr., gross, general tariff, and 4 fr. minimum. FANCY PAPER 672 tons were imported in France in 1899, valued at 1,808,401 francs. Germany supplied 453 tons, England 80, Belgium 77, Austria Hungary 42, Switzerland 32, Japan 3, United States 2, etc. Canada did not appear as an exporter in 1900. The duty is 13 fr. jier 100 kgr., net. general tariff, and to fr. per 100 kgr., gross, minimum tariff. :ai;iiie Franco-Lanadumie. The French duty 011 wall paper is 13 fr. per 100 kgr., net, general tariff, and 10 fr. per 100 kgr., gross, minimum tariff. M I > '1'^ h i„ ALBUMENIZED PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER, SENSITIZED OR NOT. In 1899, France imported 86 tons, of the value of 686,904 francs. 50 tons came from England, 25 from Germany, 5 from the United States, 4 from Belgium, i from Switzerland, etc. The duties on photographic papers are as follows : ist. 125 francs per 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff, and 100 francs under the minimum tariff, on albumenized paper, not sensitized ; 2nd. 225 fra. IS jK-r 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff, and 200 francs under the minimum tariff on albuminous pajier sensitized with salts of .silver or platinum, negative paper, films in sheets or rolls ; 3rd. 60 francs per 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff; 50 francs under the mini- mum tariff, on carbon tissue ; 4th. 40 francs per 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff ; 30 francs under the minimum tariff, on paper sen- .sitized with iron salts. Canada does not presently appear as an exporter of such papers. CARDHOARD. In 1899, France imported 564 tons, of the value of 101,538 francs. 216 tons came from England ; 193 from Germany, 86 from the United States ; 26 from Belgium, 16 from Russia ; 16 from Switzer- land, etc., etc. Canada did not apjiear in 1900 as an exporter of cardboard of any kind. The duty on cardlward rough, in sheets, on entering France, is 13 francs per kx3 kgr., net, under the general tariff, and 10 fr.mcs per 100 kgi., gross, under the minimum tariff. PAPIKR MACHE. Imixjrtation in France, unimportant. CARDBOARD CUT OR SHAPED FOR PASTEBOARD-MAKING Im])ortation in France, 124 tons, in 1899; value 49,564 francs. 99 tons from Germany, 10 tons from Ivngland, S fnmi Belgium, etc. Duties on entering France are 19 francs jkt 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff, and 16 francs under the minimum tariff. CARDHOARD BOXES COVERED WITH COLORED PAPER OR NOT. In 1S99, France imjxirted 967 tons, of the value of 483,476 francs. Five hundred and twelve tons came from Genuany, 206 from Eng'...iKi. 50 fniin Swil/.irtaiid, 34 from the United States, 30 from Austria-Hungary, 27 from Belgium, 16 from Italy, 14 from Norway, etc. The duties on this kind of cardlxiaril ure 45 francs per 100 kgr. net, under tin.- general tariff, and 36 francs under the minimum tariff. ARTICLES OF CARDBOARD OR OF CELLULOSE. In 1899, France imported 66 tons, of the value of 118,991 francs of which 46 tons from Germany, 8 from the United States, 5 from Swit- zerland, etc. The duties on entering France are 19 francs per 100 kgr., net, under the Reneral tariff, and 16 francs utider the minimum tariff, on card- board articles, moulded, compressed or hardened, with or without reliefs. Similar goods, when lacquered or varnished, painted or with in- laid decorations, pay a higher duty. ■iN CURRIED SKINS. CALF. VARNISHED OR OF NATURAL COLOUR. In 1.S09, France imported 96 tons, of the value of 789,125 francs ; 46 tons came from Germany, 30 from Switzerland, 10 from England, etc The Canadian statistics contain no data particular to these skins. Tlie customs duties on entering France are 40 francs per 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff, and 25 francs under the minimum tariff. Tentative exports to France were made via la Compagnie Franto- Canadicnnc, since June 30th 1900. CALF, GOAT, KID, SHEEP, LAMB IN THEIR NATURAL COLOUR, DYED OR BLACKENED. In 1899, France imported 540 tons of these skins, of the value of 8,504,969 francs. 202 tons came from Germany, 103 from England, 75 from the United States, 53 from Belgium, 29 from Switzerland, 27 from Turkey, 22 from Austria-IIunp-ary, etc. No special mention in the Canadian Statistics. Trial exports to France were al.so made since June 30th 1900. The French customs duties on this cla.ss of curried .skins are 90 francs per 100 kgr. , net, under the general tariff and 60 francs under the minimum tariff. LARGE SKINS. In 1899. France imported 388 tons of curried cow-hides and other large skins, of the value of 1,227,299 francs : 232 tons from England, 73 from Germany. 42 from the United States, 15 from Belgium, 7 from Italy, 5 from Swit/erlaiul, etc. No Tnention of tliese among the Canadian exports for 1900. The I-'rench customs duties are 70 francs per roo kgr., net, under the general tariff, and 50 francs under the minimum tariff. If I. •1 ? CURRIKD HIDES SQUARKD FOR FINK SADDLERY, PIG SKINS. BK THEY IN THEIR NATURAL COLOR. BLACK, BROWN OR OTHERWISE DYED. Squared or ' 'crouponnees " skins, are the skins from which all the inferior parts, such as those corresponding to the belly, to the neck or legs of the animal, have been removed. In iSy.j, France imported 141 tons of such skins, of the value of 1,180,637 francs. 89 tons came from England. 45 from Germany, 4 from Belgium, etc. No mention of such in the Canadian statistics for 1900. The French customs duties on this class of skins are 75 francs per 100 kgr.. net, under t'.ie j'eneral tariff, and 40 francs under the mi- nimum tariff. VARN.TSHED SKINS. In 1899, France imported of such 328 tons, of the value of 3.994, 650 francs. 289 tons came from Germany. 18 from Belgium, 12 from England, etc. No mention of such kinds in the Canadian statistics for 1900. The French customs duties are 190 francs per loc kgr., net under the general tariff, and 125 francs under the minimum tariff. SHAMMY OR PARCHMENT, DYED OR NOT, TAW^ED, DYED. In 1S99, France imported 35 tons of such skins, of the value of 245.999 francs. 21 tons came from Germany, 7 from England. 4 from Belgium, etc. No .special mention of such skins in the Canadian .statistics for 1900. The French customs duties are 74 francs per 100 kgr., net. under the general tariff, and 60 francs under the minimum tariff. OTHER SKINS, NOT MENTIONED, NOT DYED. In i,S99, France imported 104 tons of such skins, of the %-aIue of S75.364 francs. 33 tons came from England. 25 from Belgium, 22 from the United States. 13 from Germany, etc. The Freiicli customs duties are 60 francs per ux> kgr., net, under the genera! tariff, and 40 francs uiultrr the minimum tariff. SOLES, CUT OUT AND HEELS. Trifling importation of 2,659 francs, principally from England. 58 UPPERS OF TOP BOOTvS, VAMPS, GALOCHES, ETC., OF LEATHER VARNISHED OR NOT. In 1899, France imported 20 tons of .such articles, of the value of 492.133 francs. i3*tons came from Germany, 2 tons from Belgium, i from the Ne- therlands, I from England, etc Canada does not appear as an exporter of manufactured uppers of boots, vamps, galoches. However in 1900, she exported $1 ,535,440 worth of sole and vamp leathers, of which $1,406,029 went to Great Britain, $19,636 to the United States, $6,521 to Germany, $462 to France, etc. Quebec is included in these figures for $859,724 ; Ontario, for $610,336 : and Nova Scotia, for $48,130. The duties on uppers of top boots, etc., are 175 francs per 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff, and 125 francs under the minimum tariff, OH those of unvarnished leather ; and 275 francs per 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff, and 175 francs under the minimum tariff, on those of varnished leather. SADDLES. In 1899, France imported 599 saddles, of the value of 59,900 frs. 387 came from England, 90 from Germany, 37 from Belgium, etc. In 1900, Canada exported $207,864 worth of harness,and saddles, $143,968 of which to Great Britain, $57,238 to British Africa, etc., Ontario is the leading exporter, being represented by $132,994; then comes Nova vScotia with $57,516, and Hnally Quebec, with $16,882. The F'rench customs duties are 15 francs each, under the general tariff, and 10 francs under the minimum tariff, on saddles for men ; and 18 francs each under the general tariff, and 12 francs under the minimum tariff, on saddles for women. ARTICLES OF SADDLERY, FINE (OTHER THAN SADDLES). In this class, are included among other articles, saddle-bearings (dessous) of leather, and harness, fine. In 1899, France impjrtcd iS tons of such artick-s, of the value of 336.038 francs. II tons came from England, 3 from Belgium, i from Italy, i from Gennany, i from the United States, etc. The French customs duties are 220 francs per 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff, and 180 francs under the minimum tariff. MACHIXES AND MACHINERY, COMPLETE. We shall rapidly go ov'er all this class of goods, mast of which do not as yet offer any interest to Canadian manufacturers. It includes : ■I . h i 1. Engines, stationary and marine, steam pumps, etc., of which France imported in 1899. 5.619 tonn. of the value of 6.180,634 francs. 2. Steam engines, demi fixed or portable, of which France im- ported 1,075 tons in 1899, of the value of the value of i. 419.462 francs. 3. Locomotives, traction engines ; of which France imported 1,496 tons in 1899, of the value of 1,870.443 francs. 4. Hydraulic engines, pumps and ventilators, of which France imported 1,473 tons in 1899, of the value of 1,473,392 francs. England, Germany, Belgium, the United States and Switzerland are the main exporters to France of these four clxsses of machines. France imports also a long list of other machines and articles of machinery, complete. However we find in the statistics no imports of these from the United States, and we judge therefrom that, for a long time, they will be of no concern to Canada. Let us, then, consider now, printing machines, of which 390 tons were imported into France in 1899. of the value of 526,285 francs. These machines came from Norway, 260 tons ; England, 80 ; Bel- gium 23 ; the United States. 15, etc. AGRICULTURAL MACHINES, COMPLETE. In 1899, France imported 20,591 tons of agricultural machines complete, of the value of 20,597,262 francs. Tlie United States head the list of exporters to France with 16, 473 tons : then comes England with 3,099 tons : Germany, 678 ; Bel- gium, 120 ; Switzerland, 17, etc. Canada does not appear to figure ; however, it cannot be denied that very large quantities of agricultural machines were exported from Canada to France in 1899 ; but owing to transshipping via New York in the majority of cases, or via Ivngland, Canada's exports are included by the French customs statistics with the imixjrts of machines from the United States or Great Britain. In 1899, in fiot, the Canadian statistics show an exportation of $253,961 worth of agricuUur.-il implements to p'rance. The figures of Canadian exports of agricultural implements to France have, besides, constantly increased in rapid strides during late \ears. In 1S96, Canada exported to France $36,612 worth of agricultural implements. In 1S97, the figure of its exports was $40,627. In 1898, it reached $128,976. In 1S99, it doubled to $253,961. (Ontario seems ])ractically to Ix- the only exjiorter. The French customs duties on agricultural machines (motors not included) are 15 francs per 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff, and 9 francs under the minimum tariff. m SEWING MACHINES, COMPLETE. In 1899, France imported 4,442 tons of sewing tnachines, of the value of 1 1,550,360 francs. 2.588 tons came from England, 1,564 from Germany, 115 from the United States, 70 from Kelgium, etc. In 1900, Canada exported *Ji3,203 worth of sewing machines, of which $6,465 to the United States, $1,152 to Great Britain, $657 to France The attove lignres show that Canada will easily incre.iseitsexjxjrts to Frame, since sla- is already an ex]M)rter to Friince as well as to the United States and to Gnat Britain, and that the United States and Great Britain are themselves exjxjrters to Frani e. The French customs duties on sewing macliines are 10 francs jx-'r lookgr., net, under the general tariff, and .S francs under the minimum tariff, on stands and transmission gear; and 50 francs per 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff, and 35 francs, under the minimum tariff, on machines proper. Quel)ec appears to he the main Canadian exporter with $7,141 worth; then Ontario, with S3,79S ; British Columbia, $1,606. DYNAMOS. In 1899, France iniported 2,644 tons of such machines, of the value of 6,610,865 francs. '..^93 tons came from the United States ; 198 from Germany ; 148 from Belgium ; 41 from England, etc., etc. The French customs duties are as follows ; 1 . 30 francs per 100 kgr. , net, under the general tariff on machines weighing i,ooo kgr., or more. 2. 45 francs per 100 kgr. , net, under the general tariff, on machines weighing from 50 to 1000 kgr. 3. 100 francs per kgr. net, under the general tariff, on machines weighing from 10 to 50 kgr. Under the minimum tariff machines weighing 5,000 kgr., or more, containing at lea.st 50 per cent of cast iron, pay 12 francs per 100 kgr., net. The same, containing less than 50 per cent of cast iron, pay 20 francs per 100 kgr., net. Machines weighing from 2,000 to 5,000 kgr., containing at least 50 per cent of cast iron pay 18 francs per 100 kgr., net. The same, containing less than 50 per cent of cast iron, pay 20 francs per ux), kgr. net. All machines weighing from 1,000 to 2,000 kgr., pay 20 francs per 100 kgr., net. Machines weigliing from 50 to i.cjoo kgr., pay 30 francs per 100 kgr., net. Machines weighing from 10 to 50 kgr., pay So francs per 100 kgr. net. ill: 4 H^ !.4i n ■ MACHINE TOOLS, COMPLETE. In 189.;, France imported 9,354 tons of machint tools, of the value of 10,757,055 francs. 2.,S6o tonscaniL- from the United States, i.Hji from Germany, 2,612 from HnKland, 691 from Belgium, 269 from Switzerland etc. Canada does not appear as an exporter in 1900. The Fn-iich customs duties are as follows : 1. 15 francs per 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff, and 10 fi.mcs under the minimum tarifT, on machines, heavy, weighing more than 1,000 kgr. 2. 20 frs jK-r loo kgr., net, under the general tarifT. and 16 francs under the minimum tariff, on machines, medium, weighjng 250 to I ,ooiJ kgr. .;. 70 francs per 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff, and 50 francs under the minimum tariff, on machines, small and of precision, weighing less than 250 kgr. GKXKRAL MACHIXKRY (TRANSMISSION GKARING. BALANCES, HTC.) In 1899, France imported of these, 12,317 tons, of the value of 12,317,090 francs. .^.77.'? tons came from Germany, 3,329 from Belgium, 2,680 from England, 1,399 from vSwit/erlaud, 809 from the United States, 237 from Italy &c. The Canadian Statistics have no corresponding classification of machines. The French Customs duties are 15 francs per 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff, and 10 francs under the minimum tariff. HOILKRS OF vSTHKL OR IRON PLATE WITHOUT TUBES. Imjxirts into France for 1899 were 1,973 tons. Value 1,153,932 francs. Principal suppliers: Belgium, 1,249 ions; Germany, 509 ; Eng- land, 166. Canada was not an exporter in 1900. HOILKRS, TUBULAR OR SEMI-TUBULAR. fil Imports into France in 1899, were 486 tons. Main suppliers: Germany, 164 tons ; Englatid, 116; Belgium, 99'; the United States, 77, etc. W PARTS OF MULTITUBULAR BOILERS. Imports into France, in 1H99, were 451 tons. Value, 496,516 francs. luiKlnnd was the almost only supplier, with 406 tons ; then came BeUiuni with 26 totis. Canail-i was not an exporter in 1900. OPKN BoiM-ks. gazomkti:rs. stovks and CALORI- Fl'RKS. OF SH1:KT IRON OK STHKL. OR CAST IRON COMBINi:i> WITH SHlilvT IRON OR STICKL. In i.'Syy, France imported of tliese 5,354 toJis, of the value of 3.747.9OJ francs. 1.74.S tons came from KnKland, i.23f> from the I'niteil States; 1,198 from Belgium ; 679 from Ovrmany ; 304 from Algeria ; 99 from the Netherlands; 77 from Swit/erl.ind. etc. In I (JOG Canada e.\|Hjncd 247 stoves, of the value of $3,392 ; of which 12 to I'"rame for 521s. It is a tieginning. The French customs duties are : 1. 12 francs per 100 kgr., net, under the general tarilT ; 9 francs, under the minimum tariff, on iKiilers ithout tuhes. 2. 18 francs j)er uxj kgr., net, under the general tariff, 14 francs under the minimum tariff, on tubular or semi-tubnlar Ijoilers. 3. 24 francs per 100 kgr., net. under the general tariff ; 18 francs under the minimum tariff, on multi-tulMdar parts. 4. 1 2 francs per 100 kgr. , net, under the general tariff, and 8 francs under the minimum tariff, on ojHjn boilers, stoves, calorifdres, etc. DETACHED PARTS IN CAST IRON OR STEEL. In 1899, France imported 3,837 tons o» ach parts, of the value of 2,685,881 francs. 1,436 tons came from Germany, 1,41 1 from England, 514 from Bel- gium, 296 from the I'liited States, i ^S from Switzerland, etc. Canada does not apjx.'ar as an t jHjrter for 1900. The French customs duties, on .letached pieces in cast iron, turned, filed or ajusted, are as follows • 1. 18 francs per 100 k^r. net, under the general tariff ; 12 francs under the minimum tariff, on pieces weighing 100 kgr. and more. 2. 20 francs per 100 kgr. net, under ;lie general tariff ; 15 francs under the hiininuiiii laiiiT on pieces weighing 200 to 1,000 kgr. 3. 25 francs per 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff ; 20 francs under the minimum tariff, on pieces weighing less than 200 kgr. I ' i \r* . V.I ii! t DKTACHKD PIIXKS IN WROUGHT IRON OR STKIX In iHyy. France ini])orted 5,93,^ tons, of the value of 5,9«j.895 fra'iCM. 2,572 tons came lorn Bciginm, 1,255 from KnKland, 622 from Ger- many, 417 from tlii rnttcd States, 417 from Swit/.erlamI, 414 from Greece, etc. Canada did not . iij>ear as an exporter in U)(X>. The French customs duties is are follows : 1. 21) francs jK-r iix) k^r , net, under the general tariff . 12 francs Utuier tlie tninitnuin tarifT, on pieces of ;^cx> k^r. and more. 2. 25 francs \kt ii«> kjjr., net, under the >;eneral tarifT ; 15 francs under the niinimuin tariff, on jiieces weishinK itxt to .vk) k^r. 3. 40 francs jkt u») k^r. net, under the general tarifT ; 25 francs under the ininiiiinin tarifT, on pieces wei^hinj; i to ioi> k^r. 4. 50 francs par iih) Vrt., net, under the general tarifT ; 35 francs under the minimum tariff, on pieces of i ksr. or less. Sl'RIXGS OF WROIGHT STKHL ior CARRIAGKS, RAILWAY CAkRIAGKS AND LOCOMOTIVKS, NOT I'OLISHKD. Imports for 1.S99, 339 tons. \'alue, 128,(152 francs. 285 tons from Belgium, 32 tons from the I'nitcd States, etc. Canada was not an exporter in lyoo. The I'reiich customs er 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff ; 15 francs under the mininiuni tarifT ; on pieces, rough, of 10 kgr. and more. 2. 30 francs ])er icx) kgr., net, under the general tariff ; 25 francs under the minimum tariff ; on the same, wrought. 3. 20 francs per 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff ; 15 francs under the minimum tarifT ; on jiieces, rough, under 10 kgr. 4. 50 francs per nxi kgr., net, under the general tariff : 40 francs under the minimum tarifT ; for the same, wrought. DKTACHIU) I'lIXKS OF TWO OR MORK METAUS. In iSuu, France iiniwrted 3,199 tons, of the value of 397.472 francs. 1,084 came from the Tnited States, 567 from Germany, 557 from England, 324 from Belgium, 314 from Switzerland. Canada did not appear m an exporter in 1900. The French cuitomH auties.. per 100 k^r. net. are the followinR • 1. JO franw under the general tariff; 15 francs under the min- Jmum tariff ; on pieces of yx> kj^r. or more. 2. 30 francs, under the general tariff , 30 franc:. un.Ur the min- Inium tariff ; on pieces of 50 to joo kgr. .V 40 francs, under the general tariff ; 30 francs under the min- imuni tariff ; on pieces under 50 kgr. DYNAMO-CONDUCTORS AND DKTACHHD I'lKCRS OF KLKCTRIC Al'PARATl'S. .' , lS<)c), Ttii. I ■" imported 768 tons, of the value of 3.301. 179 ■'1-* '"' '•* ' "> '»'« I'nited States. 227 from Swetlen iio (■ tri.n« ji f. England, etc. C^iiiad., ."no: ar as an exporter in 1900. ' ' , '■ ■' ' '' '"' '" '•»»'«'' "Oder the general tariff are io<, francs '-> ^r,, . i ;ii form. •1 I'ii- mniinuim tariff, they are the following, per .00 kgr. net : j,i ir.i'io-, on pieces of more than 2,000 kgr. '■ *■' ' ' n pieces of 1,000 to 2,000 kgr. - fraiu -i m pieces of 200 to 1,000 kgr. .♦. )u francs, on pieces of i to 200 kgr. 5- 75 francs, on pieces of less than 1 kgr. ARC LAMPS. > 18 tons ; value 87,925 francs, were imported to France Mainly from Germany; also from Belgium, the United States and h,ngland. The French customs duties are .00 francs per .00 kgr. net under the general tariff, and 60 francs under the minimum tariff. Canada was not an exporter in 1900. TOOLS. WITH OR WITHOUT HANDLES. OF PURE IRON. 290 tons were imported; o France in 1899 Value 203.127 francs .67 tons came from Ger. ny, 58 from England. 40 from Belgium" 1 1 from the United States, etc Canada was not an exporter in 1900. The French customs duties are 18 francs per loo kgr. net under the general tariff, and 12 francs under the minimum tariff. TOOLS OF STEEL OR IRON TIPPED WITH .STEEL 2,036 tonnes were imported into France in 1899. Value s ^77 77, francs. t-J//.//^ 1,033 tons came from Gerinany, 440 from England. 331 from the : I i *■ I ! United States, 114 from Belgium, 54 from Switzerland, 20 from Austria, etc. Canada was not an exporter in 1900. The French customs duties are 27 francs per 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff, and 22 francs under *.he minimum tariff. TOOLS, IX COPPUR. Imports, 18.221 francs ; mainly from Germany. The French customs duties are 35 francs per lex) kgr., net, under the general tariff, and 30 francs under the minimum tariff. ;3j MOrLDKI) CASTINGS. NHITHHR TURNFI) NOR POLISHKD. In 1.S99, France imported 8,345 tons of such articles, of the value of 1,1)19,266 francs. 2,730 tons came from Belgium. 2.872 from Germany. 1,182 from Ivngland 336 from the I'nitcd States, 139 from Sweden, etc. Tlie French customs duties are the following, per 100 kgr. gross. 1 . Railway chairs, plates or other castings from the open mould : 3 fratics, under the general tariff ; 2.50 francs under the minimum tariff. 2. Pip-'S. hL-ams and columns, solid or hollow, gas retorts, solid t)irs and sets th-'reof. grates an.l hearth-plates, and other similar rough castings : 4 francs under the general tariff ; 3.50 francs under the minimum tariff. 1,. Iron castings for machinery or for ornament ; 6 francs under the general tariff and 4 francs under the minimum tariff, if weighing more than 50 kgr. each : 7 francs under the general tariff and 3 francs under the minimum tariff, from 5 to 50 kgr. 4. Pots, kitchen nten-^ils and other articles not entering in the preceding classes: 3 frano under the general tarifT and 4 francs under the minimum tariff. MOrLOFn CASTINGS, TINNHD, FNAMKLLKD, VARNISHKD. In 1H9.), F"rance imported 904 tons of such cast iron, moulded, of the value of 632,7.^6 francs. 42.) tons came from Germany. 145 from Ivngland, 12S fnmi Bel- gium. i-\', from Austria-Hungary, 48 from the I'nited States, etc. The French custom duties on articles of cast inni enamelled, etc., are 15 francs ix.t 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff, and lu francs per 100 kgr., gro.^s, under the minimum tariff. Tlu' Canadian exports of cast iron, moulded, nniNt Ik; included in cast iron in general, the figures for which have Ix-en already given. ROUGH ARTICLES OF MALLEABLE CAST IRON OK WROUGHT IROX AND OF CAST STEEL. In 1899. France imported 3.120 tons of such articles of the value 2.340,13' francs. 2. 141 tons came from Belgium. 5<9 from England, 4,4 from Germany. 30 from Sweedcn. etc. No Canadian export for 1900. The French customs duties an- as follows : 1. 12 francs ikt kw kgr.. net., under the general tariff; 8 francs per .ookgr. gross, under the minimum tariff, on articlesof more than x kU 2. 20 francs pc-r .ookgr., net, under the general tariff ; ,5 francs under the nnnnnum tariff, on articles of i to -, kgr. 3. 25 francs ,,ct hkd kgr. net, under thJ general tariff; ,8 francs under the nnnimum tariff, on articles of 1 kgr. and under. ARTICLES OF IKON FOR CARKLUiKS AND RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK. In iHyc,, Fr;,„ce imp ,rted 1 .,S6'-, tons of such articles, of a value of 1.41)2,779 trancs. .^4+4 tons came from n,U^u,m. 24,, from the United States .60 trom Germany, etc. No Canadian exports in 1900. The French customs duties are ,5 francs ,x-r ,00 kgr.. net. under the general tar.ff. and >o,ra„cs,H.r ,.«kgr. gro.ss. under the minimum LOCKSMITHS WARIIS. il' ■I' 259 tons in .S99 were France^ imfwrts. \-alue 440, ,08 francs 107 to.is came from Germany ; 66 from Belgium ; 48 from luigland • 15 from the I inted States, etc. No Canadian exports for i9(w. The French customs duties per ..k, kgr., net, are 20 francs .m l.K-ksmuh s >rou wares, un.ler the genera! tariff, and ., francs under hem.nnnum tariff; and 25 francs under the general' t.ariff. and 20 francs under the minimum tariff, on locksmith's iron an.l copm-r or biass ware, or all cop|H.r or brass. Tiie United States supply a share of all the following imiK>rts into hrance.the figures of which are to be found in the furnished list of rrench nniwrts for i.Si;,^. Nails of all si/,es, screws, eye-b,>Its, bolts, nuts, tubes of iron or steel butt wel.led. tub., of iron or steel lap-wel.ied or doubled jomtuigs o. all kinds, household wares and other articles of iron' steel or sh..t to,,, neither p.int.l, p.lished. nor tinned, painted' P^l.s.i.i or vin„sh.-l. t,a,-! or eu-n.-del. broom handles, meat til M I ir. presses, buckles for saddlery, and other articles of pure or alloyed copper, or of nickel alloyed with copper or zinc, or of nickelled metals. I will he forgiven for not entering into the details of the customs duties for all these classes of articles, of which Canada is hardly an exporter yet. FRAMKS, BKADINGS AND MOULDINGS OF WOOD. In 1899, F'rance imported 294 tons of these articles, of the value of 146,784 francs. 218 tons came from Germany, 25 from Belgium, 22 from England, 12 from Italy, ,-5 from the United States, etc. In 1900, Canada exported Si 5.439 worih of mouldings, trim- mings, etc., of wliicli S.5,821 to Great Britain and $1,273 t** the United States. Ontario and Quet).;c rank equally in this «. -rportation. The French customs duties are the follow i:ig : 1 . 15 francs per lotj kgr.,net. under the general tariff and 10 francs pir io)k;;r., gro-i-, uti lor tlu mt;itna:n tariff, on th.'vj goo is when they are rough or plastered. J. 45 francs per 100 kgr., net. un ler the general tariff and 30 francs under the minimum tariff, when they are varnished or gilt, plain. 3. 63 fr.in^pjr loo kgr., iiit. under th- g-Miera! tariff ; 50 francr. under ths minimum tariff, when they are c.irved or ornamented. BUILDERS AND CARTWRIGHTS' WOOD. ( ' In 1S99, France imported 622 tons of such, of the value of 93,369 francs. 326 tons came from the United States, 75 from England, 70 from G.-rm;\iiy, 4S fruii; Belgium, 27 from Switzerland, etc. In 1900, Canada exported §27,811 worth of batten, of which $24,081 to (Ire.it Britain and $3,720 to the United States. Quebec mainly, and next, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, are the exporting provinces. Other clashes in the Canadian statistics also include exjiorts which form part of the class now under consideration in the French classifi- cation. We know besides that there came from France to Canada, later than June 30th, requests for samples of felloes and hubs. The French customstluties,per itxi kgr., gross, are the following : 1. Pieces in hardwood : 3.50 francs, under the general tariff, 2.50 francs under the minimum tariff. 2. Pieces in soft wood : 3 francs under the general tariff and 2 francs under the minimum tariff. 1)8 DOORS, WINDOWS aND WAINSCOTTING, PIECES OF JOINERY. In 1899, France imported 336 tons of this class of goods for 67 146 francs. " 65 tons came from Bel;rium, 53 from Germany. 42 from England 22 from Italy, 10 from the United States, etc. In 1900, Canada exiwrted $299,354 worth of doors, sa.shes and blinds, of which $287,602 went to Great Britain. Ontario was by for the largest exporting Province with $2;;2 ^a% ■ next, Qnebec, with $43,;/,S. ' ' ' The French customs duties per 100 kgr. , net, are 2s francs under the general tariff and 20 francs under the minimum tariff, on the ar- ticles ni hardwoofl : and .3 francs under the general tariff and 12 50 francs under the minimum tariff, on the articles of soft wood. The Canadian manufacturers of doors and .sashes are concerning tliemselves. since the end of last year, over the placing of their goods in France. BOXES OF WHITE WOOD. WOOD SHAPED FOR BRUSHES AXD SM.AIX HANDLES FOR TOOLS, InijH,rts in France, 63 tons in 1899, „f the value of 25.740 francs coming from Germany, Ivngland, etc. In 19.X,, Canada exported, S192, .59 worth of box sliooks, of which $9i..S9i to Great Britain. S.Sf>.7.>-; to the United States, etc. yuebec headed this exportation with $1 32,3.ki ; tla'i- came Ontario with $29.84^^ ; Nova Scnia, $21,651, and New Brunswick, $S,ii62 We arc informed that large c )ntracts are now in susi)^nse in Canada for shipments to France. The French customs duties are 4f> francs })er 100 kgr., net, under the general tariff and 20 francs under the minimum tariff. BOBBINS FOR SPINNING AND WE.WING, TUBES SKEWERS, BIOTS SPINDLES AND BUSETTES. ' In 1899. France imported of these 9S tons, of the value of 246 072 francs. ' ' 77 tons came from England, S from Belgium. S from Switzerland 3 from Germany, etc. The Canadian statistics make no particular specification of these There is however, in them, for Canada, a whole class of goods to which it will be well t.)])romplly give her attention, as thev' afford a certainty of trade with I-rance. The French customs diities are as follows : — I. 50 francs i)er kgr., net, under the general tariff, and ^o francs under the minimum tariff, on articles not exceeding 10 centimetres in length. 'ft T» «u 2. 15 francs per loo kgr. .net, under the general tariff, and lo francs under the minimum tat iff. on articles exceedinx 'o centimetres in length. SMALL REELS OK COMMON WOOD FOR SEWING THREAD, NEITHER VARNISHED NOR PAINTED. In 1899, France imported of these, 51S tons, of the value of 310.- 602 francs. 221 tons came from Sweeden. 1 1 1 tons from Russia. 6.s tons from Belgium, 51 from England, ,^i from Denmark. 29 from Germany. The same remark concerning Canadian exportation as was made with regard to the preceding cla.ss, is also to l)e applied here. The French customs duties are 10 francs per 100 kgr., gross, under the general tariff, and 7.50 francs under the minimum tariff. OTHER ARTICLES OF WOODEN WARE. In US99, France imported i.,^o2 tons of these, of the value of 781,409 francs. 771 came from the United States, 176 from Germany, 147 from Italy, 71 from England, .^7 from Belgium. 30 from Austria-Hungary, 23 from Switzerland, 17 from Sweden, etc. These "other " articles comprise a va.st numbe.- of things ; flag- poles, blind roller. s sticks, wooden bungs, flask cases, clothe pins, broom handles, tent pickets, wooden rundles, wooden rollers birch bark soles, sticks (in the rough ) for canes or umbrella handles, wooden tubs and vats, wooden pegs, whip handles, wooden panels {ilaned traps, cylindrical recipients, empty hives, wooden pails hooped wiih wood or iron, wooden kegs for preserves, etc., etc. This list covers a vast number of articles of interest to Canadian manufacturers. The French imjwrt duties are 10 francs per 100 kgr., gross, under general tariff and 7.50 francs under minimum tariff, on unvarnished articles ; and ir> francs per 100 kgr., net under general tariff, and 12 francs under minimum tariff varnished. TURNED WARICS, VARNISHED AM) UNVARNISHED. In i.Sc,9 France imported 241 tons, of the value of 421,020 francs. f>4 tons from luigland, 62 from (icrmany, 44 from the United States, ,v> from Austria Hungary, etc. These are wooden wares fasliioneil 011 the lathe and of many diffe- rent kinds, of great interest to the Canadian manufacturer. French import duties 25 francs per nx) kgr , net, under general tariff, and is francs under miniinuni tariff on unvarnished articles ; and .V> trancs per nx^ kgr. net under general tariff, and jo francs under the mininuim tariff on varnished articles. WOOD SQUARED FOR SHUTTKRS AND SHUTTLES, FINISHED OR UNFINISHED. In 1899, under iliis head, France imported 37 tons of the value of 148,776 francs : 30 tons came from England. French import duties art 30 francs per no kgr., net, under general tariff and 20 francs under minimum tariff, on wood squared for ;;huttles: and 100 francs per kx) k^r., net, under general tariff, and 60 francs under minimum tariff, on shuttle.'^. OTH1:r WOODEN GOODS. Frencli iin]H)rt.itiotisin 189.; : 1.054 tons, value 474,425 francs, vi/. : 240 tons from Swit/erkuid, 221 tons f'-om Belgium, 212 ions from (krnmnv, 120 tons trom EnKlmd, 1 ih tons from the Initwi States, 47 tons from Italy, 47 from Au-.iria Hungary, etc. Htrt- also we find a vast number of wooden articles under the headings of toys, hardware and carriage ware, of the greatest interest to tlie Canadian manufacturer. Flench imp,)rt duties .- 15 francs per 100 kgr.. net. under general tan IT, and r2.5o francs i- ,der minimum tariff. PIANOS. In iSyi;, France imported : — First, 266 upright, of the value o! 1 ,,vocx5 francs, and ;i grand of the value of 106.500 francs ; namdv : FromCermany 138. from England 55, froi.i Switzerland so, from Italy 24, Belgium 17, United State;; 11. In uy,. This is a good beginning and promises well for the future. French imi>ort duties : i.o francs under general tariff, and -o franc-, under minimum tariff, each, on upright ; and 85 francs under general tariff and 75 trancs ur.der niiniiuum tariff, on grand pianos. ORGANS HARMONHMS WITH l-REE METALLIC REEDS WITH ONI- OR .MORI- STOFS. In i.S.x), France imjiorted JV', of the value of 47,2. ^> trnnc< 1 K from Switzerland, 41 from tlie United States, 39 from Gerniatiy, !(' from .\iistria Hungary, i -, from Belginni, etc. In 1900. Canada eXjH.rted organs to the value of ?;4,^(),;,;,7. whereof 559i,4;vS worth went to Great Brilair and 5450 worth to France. This al.so i-< a ^,oo(l l)eginning. X As to both pianos and organs. Ontario is Iqr far the largest exporting Province : $346,438 for organs and $50,741 for pianos. Next comes the Province of Quebec : $84,359 for organs and $5,670 for pianos. No less than 14 different duties are levied on organs, etc. , entering France. VIOLINS. AND TENORS. VIOLES D'AMOUR, ZITHERS AND /EOLIAN HARPS. 1 99. France iinjwrted 11.287 instruments, worth 102.870 In francs, viz 9,478 from Germany. 690 from Ivngland, 580 from Switzerland, 265 from the I'nited States, etc. In i9>.,, France imported U)2 tons of other vehicles, valued at $ from Germany. 14 from Switzerland, etc. In i.;. Tile duties on carri.iKcs an- r.s follows per 100 kgr, Bet. 1. 60 francs under general tariff, 50 francs under minimum tariff, for carriages weighing 125 kgr. or over ; 2. 150 francs under general tariff, 120 francs under minimum tariff, for carriages weighing less than 125 kgr. MOTOCYCLES, VELOCIPEDES AND PARTS THEREOF. In 1899, France imported 759 tons, valued at $10,064,412, namely : 278 tons from the United States, 102 from England. 86 from Belgium, 69 from Germany, 12 from Switzerland, 8 from Italy, etc. In H^fX), Canada exported bicycles to the value of $176, 74^ and parts thereof to the value of $17,459 chiefly to Australia. Bicycles to the value of 82.627 and pjirts thereof to the value of $i.S5 went to France. Canada ought surely to \^ al.le easily to compete with the United States, whose exports, under this head, amount to one half of the total yearly imports of France. Here is a market of 5,000.000 of francs to Ik secured. Ontario leads all the Provinces by .-i long wa\ under this head, witli a total export of over JiS.^.ooo. The French duties on velocijjedes and parts thereof are 250 francs per I0.1 tariff net. under the general tariff, and 220 fran..-s under the minimum tariff. CARTS FOR TRADE, FOR AGRICULTURAL PURPOSES • CARRIAGES. In i«9Q. France imported 52,^ tons, valued 452,6.^1 francs; 141 tons from Helgium. m from Italy, 16 from Germany, 16 fr9m Spain. 1 1 from the Netherlands. In 1900. Canada exported carts to the value of $6,974, whereof $4.37' to Great Britai:i and $749 to the United States ; 5,445 worth of wagons for agricultural purposes valued at $3,160 to the United States; and $r>,7oo worth of other vehicles, whereof $4,04 j worth to Gr^at Britain. The exp»)rts under this head are .shared about equally between Ontario and Quel>ec. The French duties on carts for trade, carts for agriculture and on carriages, are 15 francs per 100 kgr. net, under the general tariff, and 12 francs under the minimum tariff for vehicles on springs; and 8 francs per 100 kgr. gro.ss, under general tariff, and 6 francs under minimum tariff for those not on springs. RAILWAY CARRIAGES. We simply give the figures : French imports in 1899: 12.522 tons, value 8,765, ',14 francs, whereof 12.185 tons from Belgium and but 8 tons from the United States. 73 I .1; TRAMWAY CARRIAGES. 597 tons in 1899 iin|x)rted in France: value 1,044,710 : .^r; tons from Ik!){inm, and 280 from the United States. French duties 20 francs per 100 kgr. net, under the Kcneral tariff and 16 francs under the minimum tariff. if BODIKS AND PARTS OF BODIES OF CARRIAGES OR TRAMWAY CARRIAGES. In I Sij9, France im]x>rted 244 tons, of bodies of such carriages ; value 244,224 francs : 2«> tons from Belgium, ,^9 tons from the United States, etc. In 1900, Canada exported $^>,7.^,^ worth of parts of carriages namely ; — $4.,V)i to Australia, $742 to Great Brit.iin, $2o»j to the United States, and $90 to France. This is another Ijegiiniing. Ontario comes first with $4,517, then Quebec $1,772, Nova Scotia $.^79 etc. The French duties are ; 20 francs per 100 k^r. under Keneral tarifT and 16 francs under tninimum tariff. il SHEETS OF RUBBER, FIRE, NOT VULCANIZED, AND THREADS OF RUBBER VULCANIZED. In 1H91;, France imported T,a2 tons of the value of $5,4.^6.882. 282 tons came from I{ngland, y tons from (rermany, 6 tons from Italy, 2 tons from the United States, etc. Canadian exports of rublier goods amounted $170,448 in io, namely ; SioS.Si I to the United States, $27,765 to .\ustria, $16,407 to New Foundland, $14. ,',92 to Great Britain, $1,909 to Hong Kong, S477 to France. Qud)ec Province leads with $129,7,^?: next comes Ontario with $,^2, '.32, then Nova .Scotia $.V57H, British Columbia $2,1)7,^, rind New Brunsw'ck $1 ,5,V- .\s all rubber go. 202 tons value 2.821;, 568 francs as follows : v4 tons trom Switzerland, (>- tuns from lujglaud, 25 from Italy, 8 from Germany, etc. 74 frnn'^T^ d"ties : ,,^ francs per .ookgr.. general tariff, and 200. francs niintnium tariff. RUBBER AND (UTTA I'lvRCHA C.OODS APPIJFI) OX 'ilSSrivS IN THK PIKCK. French imix.rv^ in ,8,.g ; 7 tons, value 109.245 francs 6 ton. from I..„gla,ul and a little over . ton from (lenna.n French uni..rt .luties the same as on elastic tissues. RIUHKK OR OrTTA-PKRCHA. TISSl'ICS FOR CARDS WITHOUT TKKTH. KnKland'.""' '^"'"'' ""^"''' '^^ '""'' '"'"* •'■'■♦•^59 francs. All from and -"oTrll""'"'' '"''" 'T ^'■""" ^' '°" ''«'■• "»'• ««'>-^'" t-'iff. and ^o irancs mnnmuni tariff. CLOTHIXO. MADK IP. Rl'BBER. French imports, iSyy, ,8 tons, value 159,225 francs > 5 tons from HnKland. , ■,; from Oermanv. .■; from Belgium K ton from the United States. neigium. tariff'a.ul't "f'""' ''""f ^ '"^^""" P""" "" ^^'- "^'- ""^er general tarm and 250 francs under nunimum tariff. BOOTS AND SHOES. RUBBER. French imports in LSyy, 254 tons, valued 1.775.578 francs 96 tons from lu.gland, 66 from Oermany, ,v, fron. Austria Hung- ary. .^^ from the United States, 10 from Rus.sia etc French import duties. ,50 francs per .«, kgr. , net under the general tanff and ,0., francs „„.2,v francs as follows : 26., tons from lui^lan,!, 254 fro.n Ciermany. S8 from Belgium 40 from the Un.tcd States. 2,, from It.ily, ,. from Austria Hungary 7 from Switzerland, etc. "uuKar> . The French import (liitie*) are : 90 francH per loo kgr., net under general tariff ami 60 franot und«;r minitmim tariff. There is a great future in ^lore for Canadian interests in the class of Indian rubber manufactures, and relation.s liijve already, as we see, l>een opened up between France and Canada in that l)ehalf. ARTICLES OF ASBESTas, >PrN, FELTED. MOULDED. In iSyg, France imported 34 tons under this head, value 107,1^2 franco. ,V^ tons from Italy. 7 from (lermany, 6 from Belgium, 4 from the United States, 3 from I^ngland, etc. Canada does not fi>;nre as an exiH)rter in 1900. French im|x)rt duties art : 70 francs jkt 100 kgr. net, under general tariff and 50 francs under minimum tariff. , ( RMarkt n tin lnHrtitiflR if Firaifi PrtAids into Frinei In tkiir PottiUi Rilitiofl to tbi Nitvral md Mnijficturid Produett of CiMdi. SYNOPSIS AND CONCMSIOX We haw txamitiftl, in three consecutive notes and in their reln- tions to Frcncli yearl> importations : 1st. Canadian products already iuclude«l in the Franco-Canadian treaty in force for the last five years ; .'nd. Canalian products proper, wliicli enter free of customs duties into France, and those admitted under the Keneral tariff only ; .^rd. Cinadian proition of Canadian products at 1 MiaocoW RISOIUTION TiST CHART lANSI and ISO TEST CHART No 21 ^ r:jPPLIEDjyMGE Inc S ^Mrf'".'' ■"" '"'■ '•"iOS USA S ( ''6' ^88 ^yfl^ (c. '* t Paris in 1900, during the Exposition, fixed the attention of many French importers on the articles covered by the treaty, and many other Canadian products. Hence, if we consider merely the Canadian products covered by the present treaty, it may be asserted that the time has come for Canada to second officially the private initiative of men of good will in both countries, and to avoid frittering away the results of the sacrifices she has made by her most wise and fruitful participation in the Paris Ex- po>ition. This will be accomplished, firstly, by the definite consolidation of the direct Franco-Canadian Line. But we have already seen, in our second Note, that Canadian pro- ducts already covered by the treaty are by no means the only articles which Canada may well entertain the hope of exjiorting on a large scale. We have shown in that Xote, in the clear light of figures, that France, however important an agricultutal producer she may be, affords nevertheless a vast market for agricultural products, Canadian cattle and the bye-products deri%-ed from tlie raising and .slaughter thereof. We have found France, imiwrting free of duty, many products of the mine to be found in abundance in Canada and which constitute for her, raw material absolutely reijuired by her national industry: ores of every kind and products of such ores in a more or le.ss advanced stage of manufacture. In the -second note we further showed to what extent the demons- tration effected in lyrx) by the Franco-Canadian Steam Navigation Co. , had already attracted attention and thrown light on matters, and that a number and variety of new products, exempt from duty or covered by the General tariff, on entering France from any other country, had begun to find their way to France, thanks to the initiative of this Company. Lastly, in a third Note, and with but a few exceptions, we had to deal more particularly with the manufactured products, already jiecu- liar 10 Canada, or whereof the manuf ture and all but immediate exportation must inevitably, logically and very speedily result from the industrial era now opening in Canada. I wish, for my part, and in my humble sphere, to confirm what Mr. Francis H. Clergue has said in a recent address, and all that his words implied in addition thereto, emphasising the assertion that, in my opinion, the Canadian people of lx)th races, stand alone in this : that they do not see their country as it is; that they do not adequately gra.sp its vast future, and he.sitate to believe in the possible rapidity of its development. We foreigners, with Ixith .sympathies and interests centered in Canada, but having moreover, as to the matter of forming a judgment, the vantage ground of being lx)rn elsewhere and having lived the indus- trial and commerdal life of other great producing or consuming coun- tries—in most cases, confined within restricted frontiers, and lacking, 78 consequently iu space and in the accumulation of natural wealth accompanying it,— can. I conceive, judge with much greater precision We can better estimate the future of the country. We look at the country from a sufficiently distant standpoint and we estimate the importance of her economic future as destined to be tenfold, aye twentyfold greater than the estimate she herself has formed. Strange to say. it has required no effort on our part to reach this conviction, and hold this firm faith in the future of Canada. And turning away now from general considerations to the more restricted limits of the subject of this paper, we feel justified in stating that, as ! fcgai ds Canadian exports to France, the country has heretofore formed little conception of the wealth she i)os.sesses and of its vast pro- portions, wealth as to which she can, with but moderate effort, good will and .-nterprise. secure for herself the most remunerative handling in connection with its direct exportation to France. The importance of the market of France, as an importer of material reijuired for industry, or as a consumer of natural or manufactured products, has therefore, we claim, been insufficiently appreciated in Canada, until of recent years. Now French imports in 1899, amounted to no less than Jive thousand eight hundred and forty-eii;ht million J nines. In that same year the trade of France with England alone, without her Colonies and autonomous nations under her flag, amounted to tivo thousand three hundred and ninety-seven and a half million franes. With the. United States it had attained, in 1899, ei^ht hundred and t-uenty-one million franes ; and we know that the development of exchanges between France and the United States is advancing with giant strides. Failing to realize the vast proportions of the French import market, Canada has but too .ften reached that market in the past through the medium of American. English, and sometimes German or Belgium exporters. We have not hesitated to point out, in many cases in the course of this paper, this weak spot in the organization of Canadian exports. Canada, a land of boundless natural resources, a voung nation who.se various combined races have been reinvigorated by transplanta- tion, crossing, natural surroundings, climate (at time severe, but always an educator), cannot wish to imitate the worst mistakes, which Frenchmen of experi-nce attribute to their own manufacturers, nanielv the practice of relying on commi.ssion agents, intermediaries between them and the real consuming markets for their own products. It is by adopting absolutely contrary tactics that the United States have reached their pre.sent vast economic development, and realized their present formidable figure of exports to every part of the world. The.v do not strive for one class of products, or for one special product, to secure merely one or two of the principal markets ; but 75* :^(' 14. ■i» 'A ir t '■I 1 ■J: i far otherwise, for such class of products, or for one single product, they put forth mighty and combined efforts on all markets of any impor- tance, without neglecting the very least of them. We shall be told that their exporters are generally provided with great financial resources, and are thus enabled to establish ofF-hand u general trade, though at large cost. This is undoubtedly true ; but the time has come for Canada when she is offered in various quarters, and is finding in her own resources themselves, the like powerful financial means. As to the French market in particular, the United States, no sooner they consider it possible to export an article, than they place it forth- with and alx)ve all, directly, them.selves, on that market. And they meet with success. It is for Canada, which is equally well, and sometimes better, ■ equipped for exporting, for Canada which, is manifestly now entering full swing on a career of active production in many articles of prime necessity, — not to fall into the same errors, and hence not to forget that, as to many products and notwithstanding her protectionist system, France affords a market at once the most accessible, the highest and the surest as to payment. The French market is also the best educator for a foreign country in its industrial infancy. It is, generally speaking, hard to please and even strongly inclined to seek for articles of high quality and finish, and pays a price in keep- ing therewith. This has the effect of inducing the manufacturer to keep constantly improving his products,. It stimulates the taste and ambition of the worker and thereby renders a real .service to the producing country, in addition to the money consideration paid for its goods. Lastly, the French market is probably that in which foreign pro- ducts are welcomed with least suspicion by the consumer. Indeed the mere fact of their foreign origin is often a bait which tickles liis palate. We feel justified in thus depicting the French market, and in so doing we are keeping within th<* limits of absolute proof, and strictly adhering to sound business principles, in simply enumerating some of the weighty reasons militating in favor of the dinrt attention which the Canadian producer should, in his own interest alone, secure in larger measure for his wares in the French market. But let us return to our third Note and ask ourselves whether, — in order to stimulate still further this attention, and for the present and the future, render the competition equal for the Canadian exporter, and in fact even to give him in certain cases very real advantages over his rivals, — we might not .select from this third note certain products of a nature to constitute the Canadian basis of negotiations for an extension of the Franco-Canadian Commercial Treaty now in force. In our third Note itself we have already made slight reference to 80 certain articles as coimiu-iidiiig tlicniselvt-s to iis, hut without comiiifj to a coiKlu>i()n in that behalf. W'c-rau How lid so without any difticulty. after the Keneral review Wf have acc«>nii)li-.hLvl. We vhnll j;ive ill llic toursi; of our eiiuiiicratioii the numbers iiiuler wlii' h the scviral articles stand in the l'"rench customs tariff. In theel•ls^v, I'liderthe lit ad of I-'ish.'ries alread> favored by the jiresvnt treaty, we would >eleit : < So. --, 1 ) hVh oils and fats, 1 X'o. ,s,',) Roe of cod and iiKukerel, which :ja\e an importation into I'rance amounting to .;,V^'7 >'-V francs in iSijy. In the cla>s <)f foro-.t jiroducts we would gladlv suggest adding to tlh)-e iiuhuled in the Ireatv in force. (Xo. i.^v Perches, j)oks, ai;d staffs r(iiij;h. (Xo. 1 V' bis.) Straw or wool of wood, (Xo. 154 i taiiued iiaiks, i^roiiiiil i.riK.i, ' Xo. 51)7 i Huik\rs and cartwrights wood, shaped, I Xo. '11.' ' l{o.\es of white wood, wood shaped for brushes and small tt)ol liaiidies, bobbins for s]iinnini< and weaving, tubes, skewers, biots, 'piiidles. busettes, small reels for sewing thread, (coninion wood) neither varnished nor painted, other articles, (^Xo. 6oj bis. 1 wood turners, wares not varnished, or varnished. ( Xo. Oo^ ([Uater > other articles in w(jod, whicii together gave a total importation into I'rance of the \alue of 4,830,606 francs, in iSi>j. ruder the head nf metal products we would seKct; (Xo. 205 ) Cast iron ; fcrro manganese, ferro silicon, rich silico, spiegel iron, chromic iron, ferro-alumiuum ptwr, (Xo. 2061 Wrought iron, crude, in blooms, prisms or bars, (Xo. J07) Iron, drawn in bar, wood or coke, angle au