IMAGE iVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) // C^ 1.0 i 1.1 11.25 S Itt 12.0 IJi& Hiotographic ^Sciences Corporation 4§^ 4^ ^v <^ 4^. ^ 33 WIST MAIN STRin WIBSTn,N.Y. Mseo (716)«72-4S0d I CIHM Microfiche Series (Monographs) ICI\/IH Collection de microfiches (monographies) Canadian Instituta for Hiatorical Microraproductiona / Institut Canadian da microraproductiona hiatoriquas ;\ 6^ 1 Technical and Bibliographic Notts / Notts ttchniquts tt bibliographiques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibliographically unique, which may alter any of tht images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming, are checked below. n n n D Coloured covers/ Couvertura da couleur Covers damaged/ Couverture endommagte Covers restored and/or laminated/ Couverture restaur^ et/ou pelliculte Cover title missing/ Le titre de couverture manque Coloured maps/ Caites gtographiques an couleur Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black)/ Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur Bound with other material/ Relie avec d'autres documents Tight binding may cause shadov«s or distortion along interior margin/ La reliure serrte peut causer de I'ombre ou de la distorsion le long de la marge interieure Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajoutto lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans le texte, mais, lorsque cela etait possible, ces pages n'ont pas ete f ilmtes. L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire fiu'il lui a M possible de se procurer. Les details de cet extmpiairt qui sont peut-4trc uniques du point de vue bibliographique, qui peuvent modifier una image reproduite. ou qui ptuvtnt exiger una modification dans la mithode normale de f ilmage sont indiqufa ci-dessous. □ Coloured pages/ Pages de couleur □ Pages damaged/ Pages endommag^ □ Pages restored and/or laminated/ Pages restaurtes et/ou pelliculAes Q Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ Pages dteolories, tacheties ou piquets □ Pages detached/ Pages ditach^s Thi tot poi Ofl filir Orit b«g th« sior oth< first •Jor oril Showthrough/ Transparence Quality of print varies/ Qualite in^gale de I'impression □ Continuous pagination/ Pagination continue □ Includes index (es)/ Comprend un (des) index Title on header taken from: / Le titre de J'ent«te provient: thai TINI whit Map diffi •ntif bagii riohl raqu matt □ Title page of issue Page de titre de la □ Caption of issue/ Titre de depart de la I I Masthead/ livraison livraison • 1 Additional comments:/ ^ ' Commentaires supplementaires: Generique (periodiques) de la livraison Page 80 is Incorrectly nuabered page 8. This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est f ilme au taux de reduction indiqu^ ci-dessous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 26 X 12X 16X 30X J 20X 24 X 28 X n 32 X Th« copy film«d h«r« hu bMn r«produc«d thanks to th« g*n«rotity of: Librirv of the National Archives of Canada Tho imagot appooring hara ara tha baat duality possibia eonsidaring tha condition and lagibility of tha original copy and in kaaping with tha filming contract apacificationa. Original copiaa in printad papar eovara ara filmad baginning with tt«a front covar and anding on tha laat paga with a printad or llluatratad imprat- •ion, or tha back covar whan appropriata. All othar original copiaa ara filmad baginning on tha first paga with a printad or llluatratad impraa- sion. and andirtg on tha last paga with a printad or llluatratad impraasion. Tha laat racordad frama on aach mlcroficha shall contain tha symbol -i^ (moaning "CON- TINUED"), or tha symbol V (maaning "END"|. whichavar appiias. Mapa, platas. charts, ate. may ba filmad at diffarant raduction ratios. Thosa too larga to ba antiraly includad in ona axposura ara filmad baginning in tha uppar iaft hand comar. laft to right and top to bottom, as many framas as raquirad. Tha following diagrama illustrata tha mathod: L'axamrlaira film* fut raproduit grica k In g4n4rositi da. La bibiiothAqua da* Archives nationales du Canada Las imagas suivantas ont «t« laproduitss avac la plus grand soin. compta tanu da la condition at da la nattat* da I'axamplaira film«, at an conformity avac ias conditions du contrst da filmaga. Laa axampiairas originaux dont la couvartura an papiar aat imprimia sont fiim«a an commanqant par la pramiar plat at 9n tarminant soit par la darnlAra paga qui comporta una amprainte d impraaaion ou d'illustration. soit par la aacond plat, salon la caa. Tous las autras axamplairas originaux sont filmAs an commandant par la pramiAra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'impraasion ou d'illustration at •n tarminanf par la darniAra paga qui comporta una talla amprainta. Un daa aymbolaa suivants spparaltra sur la darniira imaga da chaqua mlcroficha, talon la cas: la symbola — ^ signifia "A SUIVRE" la symbols V signifia "FIN". Laa r'.na8. planchas. tablaaux, ate. pauvant Atra fiimAs i das taux da riduction diffArants. Lorsqua la documant ast trap grand pcur «tra raproduit an un saul clich4. il ast film* A partir da I'angia supAriaur gaucha, da gaucha A droite. at da haut Bn baa, tn pranant la nombra d'imagas nAcassaira. Laa diagrammas suivants illustrant la mAthoda. 1 2 3 22 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 h 7 i - \ MANUAL inwiHO TBM SYSTEM OF SURVEY or DOMINION LANDS, WITH INSTRUCTIONS TO SUBVEmss. i'u^mea ^ '^t'x^.J^fn^a^u «. Mmer of Interior for Canada. the OTTAWA : Pai.T.D .T MAOL.AH, Roo«_4 Oo., W.Ltn,oTOH Stem,. 1883. } TA 551 m3 275^4 I n I KOnOB TO DOHINION iAND SURVEYORS IN THB Bin-LOTMENT OP THR DEPARTMENT OF THB nn-KKlOR. «rt.r of th. Mmmfr of tho Interior, prc,cril«d for tho offlci.' ga.d„eoofSarv,yor.of tho Do.i.icn Land, of Ca„«i,, .„„ ttv .ro r^imrod in m.king any .„r™y of ,h,.o Land, to gOTorn themaelvw by it in orery p«rtioular. Ito pre»„t edition i. divide.1 into ,wo par,,. The fl„t Iroal. Township, give, .nstraction, for , he .uWiviMonai survey of tt.«o into the a«,tion,, quar.er.,octio„, and road .lIo,vanc., o( irt.oh they are composed, .„d oontain, e.lraet, fron. the Dominion Land, Act of olauw, relative to Survey, and Snr- veyors. The second part gives instractions directed specially to surveyors of Standard Meridians and Parallels, and to those ^enifaged m the survey of Township outlines. The appendices consist cf various forms to bo used by tho surveyors and of tables to facilitate their necessary calculations. LINDSAY BUSSELL, Department of the Interior, Surveyor-General. Ottawa, 1st June, 1883. Mte^^By desire of the Board of Examiners for Dominion W Surveyors, candidates for admission to the practice of Kanual will be required at the examination. TABLE OF CONTENTS, i FIEST PABT. STflTlM or 8TTBTET AND IN8TBU0TI0NS TO SURVBTOBS. Syitem of Suirey ^^^J Instruotions to Surveyors.--Fieidwork7r/.V/.! *'*'.*. '^'.^^^^^ 9 Boandary cornera H Marks on posts 14 «,,... ,^ The Field Book.... 18 BulMliviBion of Townships.— Instrument and method of Survey 2I Progress reports 24 -n, . , ^ , _ Beturne of Survey 26 Jfixtraotfl from the Dominion Lands Act 29 SECOND PABT. Survey of the Standard Meridians and Parallels 35. Instruments 41 Directions 42 Production of line 60 -, , , r« Beports and returns 63 Bnrvey of the Township outlines.— Instruments 6.< Method of sub-dividing blocks 64 Beports and returns 68 • ' . APPENDICES. Appendix A.— Accounts of Surveyors under daily pay. 61 * " —Allowances to Surveyors 62 B. — Contract surveys [ 53 « " —Form of contract and bond .'...V.*!.* 66 Gi=Sp6cimen timber report 71 ** D.— Form of engagement 72 B.— Ordinance respecting masters and ser- vants , YS ** ''•—Prices and weight of provisions.."!*,','.',* ^ Tl TABLES. Explanation of the Tables ^ » I* '19 Table I.-LogaritbiM of the lengths in Gunter'a cW of certain ^gecSetto lines^m! S^ ^? ^? ' «J«°^«^te of the figure of the earth *,,|7" g. Table II---l'«ti w ? ' I i 1 ^^r SYSTEM OF SUBVEY AND INSTRUCTIONS TO STJPLVEYORS Township contnins thirtjr-six Equare milog, more or le-s, ezcIuiiTe of road allow- ance. ACTUAL SYSTEM OF SrjtlV£7. nibJ il ^0P^.»"'0" I'i'^ds aro laid off in quadril- ateial townships containing thirfv-eix seoHnni of S.X hundred and forty acr£ or one BQuare S ja each, Hubject to the deficiency or sSsf^^^^^ the convergence or divergence of merid ans a^ ancrn?r "^r*'""^'' ^«^«^b«^ wirroad a low' north and Borr/o^n^^vl^XnrVer^^^^^ f-'^ ^'^^ "« oast and wo8t. «'y "ueinaie section line running etotV the foUoliSg^'i^LgAr ''''"''''''' •'"' ""■"•'o,^'' a- 31 W 19 32 29 20 33 28 21 34 35 27 I '26 22 23 26 24 18 17 7 1 8 T'fT' 16 9 4 15 10 3 14 11 2 13 12 1 E S Townships neasare 483 chains on east find west Bides, and 486 on north and Boath sides. Fig. 1. ««ff I}a^ township, therefore, measures on the east and west sides, from centre tn nenfva of the ITdelu^T' ^^^^^"^ '^^ «^™^' four hundred Zni^^^A^^^'^^ P''*''"^' «°^ on the north and ging or diver^^nir mlL- ^^^^I'^^n^^ ^^ surplus from convert 6 i5 ur aiveiging meridians, as the case may be. • sYSTKii or .smvEY. i^QR tow*;^^ .f 7'VO !'"03 bounding townships on the oast *^ *»ia west Hidos aro tr jo mtM'\i\inr.J „ i ^i tho north »r^«othaidu» aro cho^s of^h^ nl .ll ?''A'"''° ""• I.a8.,„„ thro..^/, ,/,. Lines bound* R tk^ i:«^^ i i. ing setiona ^,f ' \^l ^'"o« bounding soctions on tho east and north and souTr^id^o^rro lln^^^a.^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ boundaries of tho township ^ ^''° "'''''*> ^'^^ «°"th shirs i?r°" ^„^;J^° ^"^vn^^bips number in regular order numbered. J^.^^^'Y/rom tho International jlcmndary o^ pal Meridian " *''''' ^''^^^ westward from tho Princi- How toripariy. hr llTl 7. W .onevor a "jrore " occurs between two ad joimng townships or ranges «arvcvod ncconlfnt rac Srt^Tn'r'' '"" ^"on the'nn„,i;rrf "hf .ated h. us rX;SlM- ^^TeT^X^f. ■£? Tp. 19, A, Prfnci^a? Zrwtl.Tnr"""'''^' '' ""^ '^ -est of the Second Kango2l,A, pS^arCwi,^"'"^" '""«"' '" »"" 2' ^°^' "f tl-o Second jrsrnT^^s-'res^^ird-r^^^^^^ llrnco°„;''^nc5n^n ^".r?!' "" •^'"!' "P '^° -^' the bonndary?,ls c"; ;:^tr;r^f TTe.*''« P."*'""- of in all cases, one chain mifl How to desipr nate«"gore" near tbe line between two diflerent sja- tpmsof Bur* vej. Such road allowance is ' "■''' P'^ced lines, and in "he sjuth IM? o ron/a, Wan^'^ ""V""'^ between tlie seclions on l,.t »n,i Y",™°^ "'" ™ ">« 'in* cases fiz and govern Ih^ ^L^^^ 7!f 'u°°'i «""' '» «» oftheadjoininirwnshin.' ectl' "'r''«°'"iary corners opposite iide oftCrSilowance! ''"'"■'«'-«»<="ons on the oTS'L corn Jt 'eorc'L lines" V^n'iin^S^bT""" ""''• difr rri°?""'^^ «■•«'"«"-- '^^^ marked independen ly for'll towLl,"'"""'"'- ^ P'""'^'' ""^ for the towns'hips north or east oTth„' """•"'l^'' '''''^^ ""o^o limit of theroad'^Jlbwanc, Tnd those oAb« t.Tu^ "'' "^^ or west, in the sooth or west limit TnrfL townships south are also posted on both "des o" t'ho roaS a7f^»™ l-onndaries aide for the reserve and on thrlt'ht iXiSl^ZZL^r Wit. the hor„r- ;nr.L-:7p&o4,adt\"^ tions aro numbered as shown in the following d?ag?am N. W. J3 12 5 4 14 11 6 3 15 10 7 2 IG 9 8 1 E. a. Fifr. 2. or its 8ub« ■rection line- is north and line. ilines, at the on and quar- vorn respec- )r township. monuments > or sections iced on any invariable are placed and south on the line ind in all ly corners ons on the 'tor-section 38 between I cases in- inted and idej those rth or east hips south )oundaries e; on one vnship. or letteis- ) quarter- ccordance 2ed in the > quarter artcr-sec- m. SYSTEM OF SURVEY. Legal Bnl> divisions of townships. 21. Legal sub-divisions as applicable to the survey, sale and granting of the Dominion lands, areas follows: — A section or 640 acres; A half-section or 320 acres ; A quarter-section or 160 acres ; A half quarter-section or 80 acres ; A quarter quarter-section or 40 acres. Surreys per formed by contract. 23. The township sub-division surveys of the Dominion lands, according to the system above described, are carried out and performed by con- tract at a certain rate per mile or per acre, fixed from time to time by the Governor in Council. FIRST SYSTEM OP SURVEY. 23. In the first system of survey, there is a road allowance of one chain and fifty links on every section line. 24. The township, therefore, measures on each side from centre to centre of the road allow- ance, bounding the same, four hundred and eighty- nine chains, subject to the deficiency or surplas resulting from converging or diverging meri- dians. 25. In the survey of a township the deficiency or surplus resulting from converging or diverg- ing meridians is set out and allowed in the range of quarter-sections adjoining the western bou'n- dary of the township. It follows that generally the lines bounding sections on the east or west sides are not meridians, but lines parallel to the eastern boundary of the township. All quarter-section sides are exactly forty chains, except in the western range of quarter- sections of a township and in the sections adjoining a correc- tion line and subject to the discrepancies of the survey. ?he^8am?al "^' ^^^""^ "°* provided Otherwise above, the ia actual ^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^l^wn for the actual system of sur- system of vey govern for the firstsystem. survey. Road allow- ances. Townships measure 489 chains on each side, more or less. Closing errors left in the western range of quarter sec. tions. Area sur- veyed under the first ^stem. 27. The opei-ation of the first system of survey is restricted to iho area bounded as follows, viz ; « SrSTEir OP SURVEY. rection line; by said Z-ocS Se Jf^ ^' the ej ^th cor- be ween ranges twenty J^TmdV^J' ^^ *^^ °^^"^'«« Principal Meridian ; by s^id meridian w^"'''''^ ^^«* ^f ihe eight and twenty-n nefasX „/ f hfc^^'T^ '^"^^^ t'^enty- ^ by said correction linens far as the Vr^^^ correction line; ^our and five, westof thrPrfnc nal ]Ch-^'^''i.*^'^^^^° ^^"ges between ranges four and five Tsffr^f?? ' l>7 «fd meridian, ime; by said correction line 'as far LfK^^ ''^^^ correction ranges ten and eleven east of f hi i ^ -^^^ meridian between meriaian, between ranges ten and elev.T^ ^/"^^"^ ' ^^ ««id correction line ; by said Lrr^nt?! r ' ^^ ^^^ «« the third Deficiency or surplus from converging or diverging nieridians divided equally be- tween all quarter sec- tions. Area survey- ed under the second system of survey. Meridian. SECOND SYSTEM OP SURVEY. in alf i'sTlT*:"' ^^ «"^^^y i« similar gard to ?rdefitt?of SZ'f'^''^' ^^ -* ing or diverffinxr n^«L? surp us from converg. equally betwee? JlnZ'f ""^''^ '^ distributed actual system ^^^^rter-sections as in the sarvfySfrLre^d^S^ts-tan^d^r^ X^^^' elusive ; Tps 19 to qn t? i + , V, .' ^'^^^o 8 m- ™»ges being .„ ,est if C & *PH.''^I? ine, to the eighth cor- e meridian est of the jes twenty- * ction line; Jen ranges 1 meridian, correction n between a; by said the third ' meridian Principal nd thirty- ^;Tps. 46 ^/. ^,, 'est of the -^^^-^ md 44, E. 8 similar pt in re- converg- stributed ) in the rstem of to 8 in- ve; and e above 'rincipal Chain used. INSTEUCTIONS TO SUEVEYORS. FIELD WORK. Surveys to be qn rru^ « bidden, ^ ^'^ '"' Dominion Land sarreys is for- » 31. All measurements shall be mado «,in, .i, tested and c^t^d/Sf C^r^^Hv"^^^^^^^^ or any other point where fsf^r,! ?^ •^^^''^^^^ Winnipeg, estab4hed,th^eTur7eyo7wi^l^^^^^^ "^^^ ^^^« been tbey can chain corSlv Fill!'" ^'' chammen there until to leave one in the Snd w^^^^^ used, so as number of chains at fnTnoinM«?i '-^'^'''°^°S *^"'««- The of pins, minus one ^^^P^^'^*^ '^^^'^^ ^^ual to the number Chainmento 09 t) . bBBworn. ^-. Previous to entering on their duties ih^ (Form of Oath.) S: worn before me at this day of 188 (Signed) A. B. I O.I> D.L.S. la chaining over uneven ground shonM the same be so broken as not to Vomit ot the be madT t- h^ ^^^l"^'' '^^ measurLrnt shojfd easily levell^! a^pUlJ^a^f^t^d Me^ ^uc^^ Preeauliona in chaining over broken ground. 3? 10 INSTBUCTIONS TO SUKV£YORS. tTn^u"" P^"'"bi°g and dropping the pins in tarn the accurate horizontal measurement'. Ob? taclea on the line. order to obr lako^'nlT!^^''"'''"^^'"'^'^^ obstructed by a surveyor will pass'it&hTrnZd'off": ^^»^«^?b8tacle, the venient, bv a triannnmif? T^ offsets, or, if more con- to the U^e shoT be wZ- ^^^^^^ The angle opposite ^'*"°* throLh^T^T 7'" understand that all line. those connecting "ht ZTZ^'^'l '' ^^ ^^" ^P^''^^^ «»' adjacent trees ?n each nf ff *^. ^°. ™^''^°^ ^y Blazing the tbi lineisbeng^uras well a.'l'' 'h '^' ^'r^^'^" ^^^^^ passes. h\^uas well as the side on which the lino No blazo oa „p -^ . , traverse linea. f^- -No blazes or marks of any deecrintinn nr.« Blazed lines Q'r rpu . -n^ . . not required „„^'-. J-^^, JJommion Lands Law does nnf r-^ througg all the posts. ' ^^' '^^''^^''^ ^^'^« "^^^^^ ^^ fnetrucUong to bo strictly followed. 38. The instructions contained in tho mannil pearslo t ev' f'^. '^'^"^' ^^^'^ when thc'ea;! from. Errors^ in the Jinl'''*, advantage to depart there- ^^.-easonf^o^^J^-^^^^^^^^ nSdl^dVer- P.' ^^®^ » Survey made on tho new system t« Wr^ ^t^ ' townships ot tho old system, the lines Tf to be distinct, the new system are to bo run as if the HnLs en Boad allow- An A ^^^a n ance to be • ^"' ^; "^P^f allowance of a chain and a-half left between ^^ to be left between tho tracts covered by ^^Jfferent tys- different systems of survey. "vcxeu oy ( a tl to ob- BOUNDARY CORNERS. any »nce to be i ^^j A ^^^'^ allowance is to be loff «« 4k left on Indian boundaries of all Indian reservps wf ^ *^® Reaerre, serve not yet survoved ?« 1^ k ^^^^^^ » re- Boundarieg. certain number of fSH«Vn-n A'' ^°™'^ <^^ » ..^foki- ,.'"""* "' luu sections, the survfirnr in e.stablishinff the same shnll t.iLT ♦u ^ ' '" usual on the west and south Fv»nnH„' ^u *^° P°«*« "8 and east side they arrtHe \w .f'-^''>*^ «" t^o north limit of the road fllowan?eThi«-?^ '^J*^' "^''^^ '^r east adjoining the towS"Vo,1v^n^^ ""'^ «"«^^"«« surveyors employed b^y tt D^p^^U"? o^Vo^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^ BOUNDARY CORNERS. tho"lr"loirfoi"e1taS::r ' T°'"S ""^ measurement quartor/ecti?n cm-for a, ihl ^1°^ "■" 'r°*'''P' "^<"i«» or Township 4.Q r> • . corner on a ^/.^ ^\ « prairio spot, a township corner m IS erected as hereinafter described. ' ^'"''"^ ^^ "'"'^ Township J.1 Tr. „ *• i cornor on a . „ ^? ^ timbered country the cornoi- of a Section cor- ner on a prairie spot. 46 A section corner in prairie is to be mark- ed by an iron tube 3 feet 8 inches in W b described T^ '"^^ •'' f^ ''""^'^ ^^ ^ "^«""d ^' h«re naf^r a m^rTlS^^^^^^^^^ range are stamped on tbrlghri^l^l-t^hfA^^^X-^^^^^^^^ 12 INSTRUCTIONS TO SURVEYOns. Section cor d^ n a- i Derona°^« the into river lots, such section J ^ ^^ "'^^ions not laid out marked wittuUakirg1n;nore'o;Th?r''^'r^^^ '' '' ^^ township had been subdivS .• ? '"'7^'' ^°t«' «« i^the quarter-sections «"bdivided entirely into sections and Form, size ki mi,- ^ , andheigiitof „,.^' ■^^®.'^°'*° ^^ctions or quarter-sec tionsra^e ?o be7n tbrownupat\tcre?o7:tlnih- ^^-^^r^l' ^^^ "^'-^ with sides^f base sTrfeetnti^r^"^'^^^ ^^^^ high corners, the sLsofThe base Wilbur f^. eo'\»>Vi^Fv; BARTH MOUNDANO POST, ^«ns/iccet>^e. 1 1 MOUND ON CO/fffECTtON L/Af£, 3r«m€.uitxeuyB fbraUothmrctn-nrnt^ l»iye< -■■- — ^i* ' MO UNO ^^'^f^^^oTtarmjhifut&t^ rvet^C: - JPt^ ^/kutui 'fir 'Tt J<»r»t.U^^„^^i;„^ lS^«..v^«-0^„*^Jfe^ „,_^ ? ;i J EARTH MOUND AND POST, 'SGctt:iA?rv< 5 pRv-'" I- I - I kV/T/V£'SS MOUND. i . i i > i i H i , il >V j^gv^i;, w^^^^^ WiTNESS MOUND. V:'.i^ WITNESS MOUND. BOUNDARY CORNEns. J3 spectivo bases. oppoeito the centres of the re- To be formed ro -si- j cf solid eanh, 0^. -IMounds are to ba formA^ r^^ i-i and tbe e^^^^^ ^^^Z.^^^ the speed! erectVn of the mound a \± ''^r^' ^'"'^^^'^'^ used. By taking hold orJ^oh nl. '^P^ s^elcion may bo of the three lines runninftoTthe^l^^^^^^ »?^kin^ a inot coming tangled • or thf B^i!l ""^ '^ ^^^^^^^ without be- the dis^tance from the post t? tho - "'"^ ^T "^^^^^^ on it the sides of the pits, S smlu pTcLetr be nl! T^' '""^ '^ distances and in thi proper diS^s. ^""''^ ^* ''^"'« Stone mounds Kj. Tt^ „ „i. the earth mounds. ^ ^ '''''^ ''' ^^^'^ "^d shap^ to •Angles of f^T r* n mounds to be ^ '^'i' ^" *'^" "orth and south, and on all oaaf or,^ to^rards ihe we«t survey lines excentm<7 VkL .^^* ^°^ Cardin u and those across rfver^of/ J- ^^''^^^^^^^ l'Qo» P°^'^»«- posts and mounds ILh' "" TT'> ^^'-^e^' connecting the cardinal V^ZV^^^: Zo^X^^^^^^ Except on na wu^ ^- « Except on correction Haes, in which case tbey will stand square with the line. or squares. cardinal po^s Stat1h;o"VrrZ:'"°f the baaes of cho mounda or of th"oCtmo7o3ts Witness mounds. 57. If a township or section corner in n ^;f.,„ tion where a bearing tree i« nnt^/^u\ ^ ®^'""" in a reasonable distance shall fall in f • ^^. ^® ^'^"^^ with- or in any other situS where he oif.TT' ^'^ f « '''^'^^' may be untavorable toThe pCtingof^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^'^^ of a mound, the survevor w ii L ^^x ^^^^^^ erection erectinga Witness mrnT;irhLrp';^^^^^ ^^^ ^^ able point. The letters W Af ?«^ fu • ^ nearest suit- and ^distance of tie sitlV'ihe ^.^'^^'^^ '^' ^^^""^ mound are to be stamned nn +kI +" ''"''^®^ ^^'^^"^ «ach .-at the be„i„, . fo't'T.-^ rl^^^b^" d*\:, ll^e' 14 INSTRCCTroXS TO SURVEYORS. &0 00,;:^^^^^^ Z':'' -^^'^^ it is to be taken witness mound is in iovmW -^'^ ^^ ** ^^earinff tree A and a-half feet foet bilh tL "M"". ^'^^ '" di«meter an J'twt trench fifteen inches Se """^ '^ ^'^^^'^ ^''^'n a c^cuHr Mounds at kq m, Mounds at kq p„, ^ towns^'ip cor- ' .^-'-'ff'opt on eorrection i;,.«c i ners on^or- "^^U^d will bo so placed Jh.?+ J ®' ^^^^'^ the rection lines. Precisely in the centre of thl ^n^r'* ^''^ «tand Wooden posts to be planted twelve inches from iron posts at town- ship cornpn when there is ao mound. in tplfo'a^ho™ Lm:„:/ " 'T™»'"> "— fall woods or iaTmZhTJ T ** "'•'""«<'. "^ in the , pianted twelve inches ?romt I,! •"'™' '■""' ^^ «ide whera the mound Zuldrtrd"'""^'"' "■« to be marked I P tL • • *^"" ^"ch post i^ besides perpotuatod by bearinn- 1 P''''^'''" "^ ^be iron Lst n,, *^ • • t one the range, ae for instanee™ '"^nship, and ihe J«dSe%"?5"aLtrZ^r"^'"'"«''°'' 3IARKS ON POSTS. 15 Section cor- ners. town ?Lf "'.''«■•, '""fion oorners, either on the eimplo ^1^0 "of t o'sectionrwirbf "^ '^r^'''^' .<^ A % Tin square. Wooden post. Fig. 4. Tin square. Wooden post. Fig. 5. For the northei ly corner between sections 34 and 35, Township 5, Range 4. For the easterly corner between sections 24 and 25, Township 6, JRange 4 Tin square. Wooden post. Fig. G. For the corner between sections 15, 16, 21, 22 township 6, range 4. ' ' Township ccrners on "orrectioa lines. n,«!.tj»°l?:?17_?" ration lines a,e to he on the west X h^Slr of lowT^''"T'»'°f «™^^^^^ .orth Side, for poits no^j-f t?,,»,^ 'SllCto'So^n" Z 16 INSTRUCTIONS TO SURVEYORS. aotu:rr{^:u^\stJi"r'»"-«'-"»^ B' ^" ^°LZ ro°"'-°'"' '°'-°'" °' Townahip 3, Iron post. lAXXX ^ Eaigt s""""""'' """"'' 0' Township 6, Iron post. Fig. 8. Section cor- «=; c^^i.,- neraoncor- ,^ flection corners will havo the r^^^n^\^^.,. * and range on the other" Ide ?huB ;i *""■ °^ *'""'«'"> (k i— . (0 R 1 ^/n sq'/are. ** 2 " 6 5 AI III :Por the southerly corner between sect.ns3and 4, Township Wooden post. Fig. 9. nxxx For the northerly corner xxxm between sections 32 and 33 Township 2, Eange 6. ' Ttn square. Wooden post. Fig. 10. Marks of eo t„ .tni?5^p.,t»?,«;^;^,th--b-oftiera7ge"^^^^^^^ B.ridl.» to'^iw^ J°'* <"■ »»' Of the merfdian, as for MARKS ON POSTS. 17 For the township corner between Town- tT f,T^^' .^°'! *^^ ^'•^ ^'^^ 'ith Ranges east of the Principal Meridian. y^ \ ^V ^if' ■ x\ \ \ If' /i ^^ '^^ tin ^» square. Fig. 12. For witness mound, one chain and 34 links to the N. 35° 15' W from the section corner. 18 INSTRUCTIONS TO SURVEYORS. riSfr 10 ,r'° . ^0. A post between river lotshas, on two sides, th« .♦>, -^ the numbers of the lots adjoining ind on one of the other sides the number of township and range, thus °i Tin square. How marks are to bo male. J^iff. 13. Wooden post. THE riELD BOOK. Field notes. 72. The field notes sent in to be pla'^ed on record in the Dominion Lands Office are to Z 1h « """^ T'^ '?P^ °^ *^° «^'^'gi"al notes tak^'n the field Cbound at iT-H^r Ik '\^ T^« ^"-'^^^^ for tL p^o^^^^^ ate^td^Voffic^t^;^^^^^ Of^the field 73 The first page will give its title, shewing the dates nf ^Lf" '^ ""^^^^ '"^^"y' ^^ ^^^"^ surveyed, and tne aates of the commencement and the cbmnletion of thA work. The second page will contain the namTs^and duties o? :i';r si:. -TnX^r :„^-ri^ «ni' THE FIELD BIOK, 19 lior^^arnL^'' ^''^'^"'^^^ P"''*^"""' *« instructions in rela be*"coi5Xe!° ^Zl\ ^^® field-notes of every section line sur- laiddownonl^trrpal^a^t '? ^'^"«^^^^«' «° "^e in the Field Bc^TL the^ofL fn whToh'^r ^'^ *^ *^° ^^^^''^d chaining must in all cases rnmm"r*''''^u^^^7 »7® ^^n. The allowance so as to show Ct?!^ """l ^^^ '°'^^^ ^^ ^^« »-«acl corners the dist^nllrrhetrnrolr ^^^^^^^^^ ^'^''^^ of'Sfou™ .„^®- Section lines are to be "described as north '■ west bli'^"'''' "^ '*""»"'- "<>' "« ""h o' boundaries and on hnes between different ^vstemiof ^'"™ »- no^o^tJ^s:^,\tx:^ST'rn^^^^^^^^^^^ " Ba8t:"'"W." for "West" "di»lf" ij" .'.f?"""' "'*=■" ''-'>■ for "chains," "Tfcs/' f^^Mi„k^■"dk^■ f„'"Ti?';' " '',^'-" " distant," "W.P in M " (-^7 '« w j ^S' distance " or "R T"V™<'ii • m ..""^ "Wooden Post in Mound" -D. 1. lor " BeariQfir Tree " " W Af " f^- u-nr-l i7 ,*.. ;;^LP.;for"IronPo!t," aV "T^in'S." fri^Sn'^M S"'- ,^o--^he^^"i«inrntbVio''gr ™1^ mation in rellrnrtTeYirTe^'!!!*"^'" .hf foi,owing?nt^ set^Ce&^iSf &t\Z^r«;^/" --7 0.. ^Ir'>.f^rKtutdn:d5ra„S!LtriSr^' ""^ ^ 20 INSTaUOTIONS TO SUHVEYOas. m^l -W P - w^' °^ '?^'' boundaries, if wooden post marK w. J:* wooden post in mound •' W P in M •'• ,'fN.^« post in mound. " I P inivr." <,*«.,« V \r^. ^> "^t^oi ik«„ • *7"""">. ^' -t. m m..; stone mound. " Stonn M " wu^ lakeorp^iscrS^h^ H^" ""'^"i' '>''^^° ''''ere a stream, tanoo acVos3 it! ' ""' "^^ '*"" """"teiaing thedis: ren^f^a^ltstrS, ThTk Tk"*.?""^ '^°P*'>' ""d ™'» "f o">- JiPenl'hmr "" ""■''''°' °' *'*' """-"■y i« level, roi;^g, aeotiooihere indicated?;thr„tet '""°^' °'' *''°'' *™'''"- (A) Depth Of loam aad kind of eub-soil, wl>ere pits are dug. ^(0 H.nt.mber,.hekind., quality and average dimension S- mrd'e o^J iSt^eTrt^: tS-otSS be nnmistakabfe""'- '*"""' ^""^ ^"^ '»«''-"g. "e aTwa^s to Boad allow> ances to bo ruled in. 81. The road allowances in the Field Book »ro to be ruled in the proper position, and the positfon of corner boundaries indicated. position rr.f?' "^I'^^i"^ *^® field-notes the surveyor will — = x-w«ivraiej me dUrvey himseif. ' Affidavit to be made. wooden post, in M.;" if iron lone M." The p eveiy corner leotp, and, also, , lakes, ponds, beginning of narkable hills ve the bottom I ere a stream, lining the dis- d rate of cur- esh or salt in evel, roll "ng, ing to its fit- ourth rate, — aoh quarter- pits are dug. e dimension Bs, with esti- Imens of the randneatlj r, and their •e always to Id Book MO the position rveyor will aof, accord- ir that he \'->> -L- 1 \ /''»7oa>> w ^^'A \ 4 i SUBDIVISION OP TOWNSHIPS INTO SECTIONS. ' Instrament. 7\STRUMENT AND METHOD OP StJRVET. ^ 83. The instrument used in subdivision surveys 18 to bo a transit, transit theodolite or solar com- pass, reading at least to minutes; it shall be inspected Td approved bythe head office. ' j^ev.ieu ana ^utltf^l^'^'fl'' ^^f exposition of the system of survey, all Zll/i T t^t>«f8tropomical; they shall therefore be per- formed independently of the magnetic needle. The subdivider will receive from the head office, or from the surveyor of outlines, diagrams shewing the outliies euTeyed 84. Before the subdivider enters on his becompSred t, "•*-.,^«^"'« ^no suoaiviaer enters on his survey with preyiouB ^® ^"^ measure carefully one or two miles of the lines. township outline ; this will enable him to compare „ A + nis chaining with that of the lines previously run. and to modify It so as to obtain the best agreement with the township outlines. fsUbiSThe^ ^l.P^^' r^i^J^^ exteriors of a township are north and estaD.ished by the surveyor of township outlines south bound- The subdivider will therefore commence his opera- fowSswX *i?f«b//«°?!°g the north and south boundaries fore com- °* *°® township, if not previously surveyed, mencing the In order to do so, he will join, by a trial line, subdmsion. the opposite township corners on the meridians ir^r, „ii J^^^' returning, plant the posts permanently, mak. ing all quarter-sections equal. Table XI will give the number ?n n.'^°" r by which the cour«e of the trial line is to be altered m order to strike the post. Only one side of a correction line is to be surveyed at one lime. lixQ proceedings will be the same as described above. B^h^rs *a°rl°; . ??• ^ township is to be subdivided by first pro- be dubdivided JO^ting meridians, and then joining the opposite corners on such meridians by trial (lines. Table T ^^X. ^'}^ "®®^ ^° *^^^ ^^^^ ^°^ correcting the trial lines in sub-dividing a township, the quarter-section posts on east and west lines are placed midway between the section corners on tue respective meridians, that is to say, both quarter- section sides are made equal. In closing with a meridian on the north or south boundary 01 a township, the last quarter-section post on suoh meridian 18 at once planted permanently and connected by a straight 22 SUBDIVISION OF TOWNSHIPS. would apply inlhircasestlu^? "^ani to blazed lines than50ZL from tho • t o,?th«^n\?*"'''?° ""^« """a such meridian should trtol^Xrv'i^rd."^ *"" '"^"^"'P- Lines to be fit mL„ , ^"^^^^^- established tl prmanenlr '' ^ «"^^^^«^ ' daries are those aC^ wK? i^.,,""^'^^^ «« ^0"^" are. Their total length TrZerv^^^'^'V^' ?*^ allowances and twenty-seven chSs more'^r l^r'^'^, i^/orty-two miles outlines. The rear line of rivn^iit '•^''^^"''''^ *^^ township and posted, but posts are no rliitd^^fua ''l ^^ T^'^'^ riverfront. ^equirea to be pla-Ued on the Quarter-sec ftfi T„ ^x .. „ tions adjoin- ^° Starting from a correofinn !;«« ^i, on ihe d..a"rtKSrc:^Lt "^ '^« '^^ --- -QO Will be careful to connfipf T.TUK 4L . . limit of the r3ad allowancrrn cm.cl^nnT*' ^° '^^. ^"°^^ outer limit. couoclion lines, not in the liio convergence has been exaggerated in Fig. 14. Anglos of cci mu , „ meridians °'^' \^Q angle formed by the meridians witl, with east and ^^^ east and west linos is diffflrAnV ^^ i west lines. meridian and varies «niL^l^- ^""'^ ''^''^ Shan no, nj^^j:^^^^^^"'^^.:::^- township- o:ut^'K-,rr- ^^^ ^^- |o METHOD OF SURVEF. 23 S.'Jfil^?'''?®'^ ^^ ^H^^ ^'^'^ '^"®'*' fro^i the data supplied to him with the diagram of township outlines. The angles between the meridians a dove g, and the east and west lines, would bo deduced in a similar manner erro/luowed ^,^'^1^*^ follows, from the foregoing, that all quarter-sections on meridians 'are to be fortv .A- • • ,^ chains except in the tiers of quarter-sections adjom.ng the correction lines, where they should Te To' 5^n iT^\/?T,*^^ quarter-sections at each end of the t^er Should all the survey lines be perfectly correct, all o her sections should have the theoreUc width. The maximum error m distance that will be allowed in the closing o any section coraer will be fifty link,^ When the closin/error el rXed'^Th^'^n ''^^ involving the error'Lst be re! ^ZT^eirr^^i opposi':. .,,andarios of sections are to bo within fifty hnks ot equai length. onlhe'^grS ^"^ ^' '""'""'^ '" '^' ^''^^ ^'"^ '"°^ «« "^'^'"^'^^ Slkifc ,.^^-^" subdividing townships, all navigable be surveyed. Ji^ors and lakes of twenty acres and upwards «,.. 4 u *°S®^^]^y ^i^h any islands that may be in them' ai^ to be accurately surveyed. Lakes occurring entirely within a^ section, and islands in lakes and riv^ers 3 have their traverse properly connected with the iest^ of exZrfT Wh^^th.t average width of a navigable stream exceeds three chains, the surveyor will traverse both banks S right or left bank, as the same would be on his right or .eft respectively looking down the stream. The outline ?f the shore shall be determined by a sufficient number of offsets! n^^n^T''"''*'?!^.'''?'!''^ ^'°P t'^^t it cannot be lorded by t^r«lV ""''^k' \' \^'' ^^ ^rxrvoyed and the area deducted from InLlr''"''^"*'^^°°'^^'P^^«^^^^ to ford it and carry th^ survey line across, no traverse or deduction should be made. pS"* ,. ^^* A' tlioso points where township or section lines intersect the banks of a navigable stream «o+ai^i- 1, A ^^A ^ake> temporary posts or marks are to bo established, and the distance across the rivor bAfw«"n the same ascertained trignometrically or otherwise, at "the "time of running such lines. Such temporary marks or posts will be called traverse points, and are to be marked T?P ihl'"'l7 f^ '*'^^'?^ ^' '^'^^ '^''1 b^ eff^eted by connecting them with traverse lines and offsets, on the respective side! 24 SUBDIVISION OF TOWNSHIPS. Settlera nn m * Settlers claimi or improTe* meots. 93 Traverse lines shall be run to setflnra the spelling of these *^''™ " "» accidental error in the" rcK5o*:At : JSler" Slv fh/TK*'"' "°* "«'»» ^"k new sentence, «ddedThe":',e«r.y -^ ^^ iu which ^ deZS?^ rtoald ?e ?If^^ H •"""^ >« <»"y <««• untrae or in opposlSn tolL &"^^^^^^ '' '^ -"<»% Bepadment. ' """P'^ **"■ ">» information of the beMd'/for" „3 Sarveyora are strictly forbidden to n.«tA ttatoiory »"y charge to the sonatto™ fii. ™!.- • ?, .* decl.r.,f„n^ declarations, and to say that hTT-^ *^^^ claims will be 8«-nr«/% u ' "^ '''""S «"» expose a surveyor to prosocnS ff; oh*? •" P""""' ™''<1 PROGRESS REPORTS* \.Jl\ ^^i^ progress report shall be accomnanipri trails, hills, &o "*'^' "■"' '« '0 'V, the rivers, lakes. Sketches of survey to ac- comnany the progreas re- ports. KETURNS or SURVEY. 25 It is not necessaiy to use a scale for plotting, a rouffh eati. mate of distances is all that is required. ^ Tr\ li^i®^ ^^y ^^ ^*'*^^ ^itJi pencils of different colors I should be understood that only^he main topog^^^^^^ t^^VfT ^^ ^^ '^^^",' *°^ ^^^^ it i« ««eloss to nSicate every httle swamp, pond or rise that may be found. '''*''^*^^ r^ETURNS 07 SURVEY. Account to'' be placed at • the end of the field-book. 97. In addition to what is prescribed for field- notes in general, there will be an account, signed by the surveyor, shewing in miles and decimals of a mile, the distances run on section and traverse lines in the township, with the rates in each case according to contract, and the totel amount for the township,* S.'^' ^^93. The final returns of survey will consist (a.) Field-notes. (6.) A plan of each township. (c.) A timber plan for each township. (d.) A timber report <* " (e.) Formulas of oath of chainmon. (/.) Statutory declarations of settlers. (^.) Accounts in duplicate on the forms supplied. Report. 99 The surveyor will also subjoin in a concise report such further description or other informa- tr«ffrH°''l'\''^^'' the township surveyed as he may be aWe to afford, which may be useful or necessary to be known giving a general description of the character of the country Its soil and geological features, timber, minerals, waters, &c. Plans. 300. The plans shall be on a scale of forty chains to the inch, on the forms supplied by the JJepartment. Every fractional township, however small, is tu^ be shewn on a separate plan. ' Township outlines, when surveyed by the subdivider. are to be shown on the same plan as the sub-division. quaSS-sec- ^^}- Tho plans shall exhibit the length of all -uon iiaes. quartcr-suction lines as measured on the ground n^ 1. T ^^®° ^P^ exactly forty chains, and the le£c^th of every broken part of a section line. " Topography. io2. The plans will show all the topographical features of the country as referred to in the field 26 SUBDIVISION OP TOWNSniPS. green representing reeds, if ^^"^% with small strokes of A rfloq . ' and hiadr^fc^" "!'' ^how tho aroas in acres dians, bonndarios of ZZJ °°.™«*'on "nos, initial merf' systems of survov, and m,,?,' ''?™ separating difrffl^n, "reams that hav^'Cn,?a°C:d°'"i''n\^'''° "-^ 'atTo". -^i K considered as regniarali .Z?ntT rC Sj-f^^ r" "^ ""> "-'' - ^ wi if/s:;:s 'arrcrr "^°"' Contents of mi m. ®^^ thereon. towTQship. , • -^"Q aroaofevervriVAri^f * , Of the townsh?;, Kl" ""^ " *»•"» S^'hl^ \l^rtt^ I^and in sections itoads - Water Total area acres, (i (( qult^^^e^o^nV' fnTe"to;;U1rrdT ''",'"" "- "' "» th. ihereare no irre,n„r '^^^^l^^,^^^ l^ ^ In the area of "Road«" o«« • i , ' ances within the to^^L Ctl,?'"''^! "" *''« ™ad allow- ^a&r-' - -Wtow^hi^t: r^^iK The area of" Wator " ;« ^i, traversed within thTsectons^n'^'^f^l^^^t^r that has been the road allowances! '' ^°^ '^""'^ ^ot include any of Traverse in- m "°e3. -iiJo. iiaverse lines arft nrif + v , l*°?,great anar^ea loXit of'irb:-'"' ^?^^' Pondi&oTu then the plot should be made nn t.-l- '°^ P^^"^^ «° a p4e. the end of the Field-Book! ^"^ ^'"«° «°d pasted Tn RETURNS OP SURVEY. 21 ' in manner imifation of imitation of II strokes of 'oas in acres ter-soctions, nitial meri- g different 3y iakes or ■ter-sections ^0 acres in ivo or more iraversing-, I thereon. be markea le Contents res. (I re ( of all thtt in which to 23,040 id allow- the west i will be aas been > any of 1 on the jk pages he shore > &c., is a page, isted in Settlera im- provementg, Traverse linos are to be plotted on a scale of 20 chains to an ««f«mn«f'i?''°'°'''^^^'^''°/l(''^^ angles), distances and off- sets must be given ; none of these need bo marked on the plot • ni tr« ?'?-^^' '? ^'^^ ^^'"^ separately in table form, nuS- ing the stations to correspond with numbers on the plot. 106. The extent and position of settlers' im- *!, 1 , P'^^T^^^ients are to be shown in the notes and on the plan ; also the names of the settlers who have made statu^ tory declarations on the quarter-sections which they claim. to h« r'' ""^ ^;"''r "^^^ ^^^^ "^^^ ""^ declaration are not to be shewn on the plan or in the field-notes. Timber plan. iQJ. The timber plan shall be colored so as '.^n 1 ^ to shew the predominant timber in the belts or islands met with m the different townships surveved. The colors to be used to represent timber aro as follows : - Poplar,— light greoD. Spruce, — carmine. Brule,— brown. Ti.uber rei. ort. 108. Tn tie timber report the surveyor will in^ • , state whether, in his judgment, from the know- edge gained on the ground, it would be desirable to reserve the timber for the needs of the settlers, or whether it would be advisable o set apart the same as a timber berth ; Tthe latter he will give a general statement of the quality and extent of timber over 10 inches in diameter suitable for lum- hf^IL^rP^T- IfrfP<^rting on several timbered townsh??^, he bhall make a statement as to their relative value bv ^fp^ri^o ^'''"'i t^^^ftent, quality and facilities afforded by streams, &e., for getting out the timber. A timber plan is to be given for every township in which there is wood of any kind whatever. ^ ^htufu^"" '"uP'^'* ^^^^} ^^ f'lrnished for every township. One ia^e o'f'th^^'.'^' '"" -^ '- ^^l '^^"^^'P' *^^ f^«t is stated Une page of the repo... is given for each township. 109. The field notes shall be neatly written, in a clear manner and fair hand. The plans shall be drawn with care and should be fair specimens of draughtsmanship. dittn^ tT'?^ ^'l^ '"^l"' ""^i complying with the above con- ditions will either be returned to the surveyor, to be written nl^J^T. ""^.u °' ""' P^^P^^ed by the Department, and the cost charged to the surveyor. i > " woo Plans and field-notes re- turned to sur- veyor in cer- tain cases. 28 SUBDIVISION OP TOWNSHIPS. Charjfesfor iia t» . returnsofaur- -n -iveturns Of survev am r>,./»»xn- i t. ment, Township plan (old system) . . .« .» """"r^nslif !" ^"^ <- »y^'-) per'''"" m. . ''■•-. 10.00 trayemsare to be ftrnishod in a 1 casot af ^k"^- ^'""^ "^ w,]l Bot undertake to plot a traverse for « dyor ^P"'""""* rod hy tho EXTRACTS FROM THE DOMINION LANDS ACT. 8.00 6.00 3.00 XOO >rso lines. Plots of Bpartment Surveyora to ' be prosecuted ia case of per- jury. 46 Victoria, Chap. 11. 107. Tho Surveyor-Gonoral shall require every Dominion Land or Topographical Surveyor, in addition to the oath by this Act required to bo administered to him on receiving his commis- sion as such, to take and subscribe an oath, or make and subscribe an affirmation, on the return of his surveys of l>ominion lands, that the same have been fiaithfully and cor- rectly executed according to law and the instructions of the burveyor-General ; and if it is proved on satisfactory evidence before any court of competent jurisdiction that such surveys or any part thereof have not been so executed, the surveyor taking such false oath or making such false affirmation shall be deemed guilty of perjury, and shall be punishable accord- ingly; and thereupon Her Majesty's Attorney-General for Canada shall, upon the application of the Surveyor-General, immediately institute a suit upon the bond of such surveyor, and the institution of such suit shall act as a lien on any pro- perty owned or held by such surveyor, or his sureties, at the time tho suit is instituted. Chain bearers to sworn. Chain Bearers. ^^ 108. Every chain- bearer employed in the sur- vey of the Dominion Lands shall, before ho com- mences his chaining or measuring, take an oath or affirmation that he will discharge such duty with exacts ness according to the best of his judgment and abilities, and render a true account of his chaining or measuring to the surveyor by whom he has been appointed to such duty ; and every Dominion Land Surveyor is hereby authorized to ad- minister such oath or affirmation. Standard of Measure. 109. The measure of length used in the surveys of Dominion Lands, shall be the English meas- ure of length, and every Dominion Land Sur- veyor shall be in possession of a subsidiary stan- dai'd thereof,— which subsidiary standard, tested and stamped as correct by the De- partment of Inland Bevenuo, shall be furnished nim by the said Department, on paymentof a Standard of BngliBh meas- urement of length. Copies to be Erooured by >. L. Bar- veyorii 30 DOillMON LANDS ACT. standard thi length TfiJ^.u' •'"''«'""•'' ■""! ™rify bv euch moMuriDg ^'^ "^ '^""^ """"'"^ "nd other inMramen J for i'rovldionla lift T« „ii moundf post Or limit hZo7nZtu>nL7''n '°T ^'^^^'"^ '^^^ or monument ions nnH ih^Z sections or other lega subdivifi cannot be ,' ™ themoand, post or monnmnnf^ V I subdivision, cannot be found h/ «.k u^ u?""-^''''' «'' ^^^^r legal that the nature of the caseliav tt?^"^'"" '^^ *^^«' ^^^^^^^e corner mound, post or monm^ent but?f tw'P'?.'-'"^ '^'^ same cannot bo satisfuctorilv «n nL . '/ the.position of the proceed as follows :-- ^ '"* ascertained, then he shall corner. ^ J If the lost corner mnnn^ r^r^c4. ^ the c;rca»src"J"„nret^t?b1'F'^' ^"''»" -P- will iDstruot him hoV to proceed' S-'^yw-Gon^™!. who the outline of • ^^^' ^^^^^ lost corner mound, nost or Tnnnn»««^* • township. |s. on one of the outlines of a township h«r, join, by a atrnio'hf n«« *i. ''"^"snip he shall section or quarter^ec*ion nnfni 1 ^' *^l°earest undisputed such straight HnTinto such ^"-1''° T^ °'?'"°^' and divide sections o? other egal subdiSn ""^ T^^*'"^ °^' ^"'^rtor. in the original ^nrreyf.^^'jZl :: ^^^^^^^^^^ Corner rear a /"q ^ xp-^ a. , "-luwutu, sr"'^^ -itiunra?;:f\"trnrp'te^^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^ undisputed corners irnrT'^^^..^^'^ "^^^'^s^^ which case all quarter sec«onsav« fn h ^^^i^^^'^" Jine, in chains, and the deficfencyor surnlas ^IJ^.f^ "^^^^^^ ^^^^y left in the quarter-section^ad,^irg^Tecre'cLn ??^^^^^ ^^' Comer near /'4 \ tt^^^ i i , ' th9 western „^Vu^ -c-xoept also where in establishintr ih^ js.?.' ss °Kt-re7 ":>" «'p -vo3^d* corner onHer::V?«'7h£l~'"^'^^^^^^^^^ Towblp ^5''^;''"''''«™to«9»«ter^eotioni " ' Pr.™«..,. prev,ou^ to re-establUhing the'ttrin'o'Tti^ DOMINION LANDS ACT. injon Land Sur. i verify by such f instraments for ed lines. Dominion Land ny dividing line r legal subdivis- Qumont erected, il survey to de- ^ or other legal >e best evidence specting such position of the then he shall post or monu- he shall report ••General, who tor monument iship, he shall Bst undisputed ine, and divide "P or quarter- mo contained readth ; ing the east or f the nearest tion line, in exactly forty case may be, n line; Wishing the lip surveyed , one of the he western '-sections are 7 or surplus, stion I ship corner 18 atbresaid, tline of the Corner on a 3t undisputed co^r;s''"orrrii^i'r'ir"rr''\j"7°-"^^^ divide the distance into such MmhL * ,'"™'«'" ''"e. "nd legal enbdivisione as the same nl^.- j ■' '""."""^ <"" "'iw vey.giving to each an oqualZSr"" '° °"«""" '"" chai„sand,earLdXte„;;"'o,r„X";f»--tirf:rt' m the quar.or.scotionadjoi?i.gZc";.o"u'on''linrr"^ '"' dK"t'° ii.i^'^.X''*" "!? nearest undisputed corners on townships shLu bf r? .tabS^r' ""^ °""'°° ''°"'"'' '""^ the meridian ./ "" ^' ^tablishej previous to re-establishing tioTcornlre" J^.-^ When the lost corner is that of a nuarfpi- .de, and ^^^S^^S^^^^^^;^^ Townsbips surveyed un- der the first system of survey. surplus, as section ; uSiAu I f 7^^''^ ^° townships surveyed under the firstsystem of survey, the lost corner i« m the western row of sections of a townS in which case the first quarter-sect on7s to be made exactly forty chains, and the deficiency or the case may be, left in .the western quTrter' Se'merTan3 ,, ^J^'^^^^^ 1^« Position of one of the corners on to be pre- J^e meridians is also lost, such meridian shall be e^btb^Ja. rS'^t lFn~ ^^ - establishing thi Corner re- ne^red to be the true corner. (12.) In all cases where a surveyor erects Jo±^5Pl''''*°'T^' P^* «^ mo^numei^ras hl'?lf?f^.*,^i:TT.^l««<^ 0' obliterated corner. PVr^^^Pv^' ^htcorneT, Tdi^Sorr ?im^itt 1*^ lished shall be the true corner, or division or m f ^e C section or other legal subKlivision ^"°'* ""^ '"'^ 82 Method of prooeedin^; bj Dominioa Land Surrej* or in laying out a Beotion, half-section, or qiiarter- •eotiOD. DOMINION LANDS ACT. How Legal Subdivisions are to be surveyed. 111. When m the survey of legal Bubdivisions a itominion Land Sarvoyor has to establish the ^t vision hoe between two sections, he shall effect laiB by connecting by a straight line the op- poflito original sectional corners, should these ox- iHt, and should they not, by similarly connect- ing the points established in renewal thereof '» accordance with the preceding clause giving in either case, the quartersoctiona involved an equal breadth. In laying out a half or quarter-section he shall con- nect the opposite quarter-section posts by straight lines In laying out other and minor legal subdivisions he shall giVe to any such subdivision Its proportionate share of frontage and interior breadth, and connect the resulting terminal points bv a straight lino. The linos or limits so drawn on the ground m the manner above proscribed, shall, in the respective cases be the true lines or limits of such section, half section or other legal subdivision, whether the same shall or shall not cor- respond with the area expressed in the respective patents for such lands. ^ To draw Division lines in fractional Sections. Dividing lines to be drawn from the original corner. 112. The dividing h'nos or limits between legal Bubdivisions, in fractional sections, shall be drawn from the original corners (or the points represent- ing such corners, as defined on the ground, in ac- cordanco with the provisions of this Act) in the section line intended as the front of the lot ; (2.) Northerly or southerly lines shall be drawn duo north or due south ; (3.) Easterly or westerly lines shall be drawn at an angle with the meridian equal to the mean of the angles formed with the same meridian by the lines which are the northern and the southern boundaries respectively of the section. ^eyed. :al Bubdivisions ) establish tho , he shall effect it line the op- hould these ox- larly connect- iDowul thereof, oding clause, Ived an equal 1 he shall con- ffc such as Q one chain which case >wed for the lino is also 1 lines, only nted by the ct the base •r latitudes, bo received and shall be correction, 3 last town- e meridian I the range ths and di to be the be effected continuous ength of a ographical hain, to be I distances th of the than two i, the two asure over oe within would be fore, in a mation to yor, while e produc- coarse to GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS' 31 case mflv Ion A,-r!, +V -^ I ^ X. ^ *°® necessities of the =Udlh^rti: '^^u^-it i.te&;Li^r: angles are zneasured than when they are laTd out '" chS'"^ ^.T\® r,"'T^^? ?'^^^^ ^'"^vo a standard chain with fully a ch^in ° """^-^"^'"^ ^°' "^•^''^^"^'^d ^^ Novembei-; foJTempMa- ^^"^"^ Ordinary summer weather, however, the '"''• f hf f i'°"' ?' *«'?Pe^'ature would, compared with the order of precision of the work general Iv C inapprec,able,yet they mist not be entirelTnei^^^^^^^ temperature crror'niight, in any given casefSeTfo have the eame sign as other uncorrected constants orVcl]^n7.} errors, whoso effect it would then sotTTf.rLv7te^^^^^ rdd'otZs/n^th'^^ ^"' i^-^^-bt^enrtfc^\1e"acUh ;e! wou d not lessen the inaccuracy of position of the boundary monument planted under the first condition. ^^^unaary vaialioTof^O'^aid'nl^^^^^^^^^ '^'' correction for all IJ^l^i. .u u . °'^®^'' ^^^^ *bo normal temperature of 60<> for which the chains are compared or adjusted to standard This he can conveniently do, by allowing half a link ?o the mile for each ten degrees Fahr, not attempting to note ove.lt ¥ht *i?,fTP«''^;5?''« or his chain to less th!n ten degrees This will keep his corrections in the convenient foi-m of multiples of ha f links, and render tables unneces a?y. "^ A thermometer attached to the end of a chain near the hand [n 11^ ^Tu'^' temperature of the rest of the cha'-n; fastened to the middle and allowed to drag on the ground it is Hable to thetiial, and comparing the temperature attained by the 38 STANDARD MKRIDIANS AND PARALLELS. Correction for inclina- tion. thermometer 80 placed with that of the air, or indioatad hv . teaThXe't'oft^e *«,}"' '"^'"K''' Z''^ ohatofa rough r»„,i„ -^^ , -2 . *''* »'lowancea that should, in Draotino %^ m!r ' »or irrcgukrities of surfaco tho assistant should carry an Abney or LoJke pocket level clinom! eter by which he can obtain the inclination and irus nermTt the chainmen to use the more accurate method of cha'nKn the inclined surface, instead of the one requiring them to Lw thejr Cham level and entailing a continuous^ rertitfon of plumbing down from the high end to the pin in the ground. Use^of clino- In using his clinometer, the assistant will stand standing at f\/nfi, ^""^ f the slope, one of the chainmen standing at the other ond, and he will sight through the wh ori" n*^.'^"? P^"^ «^*^^ chainman's body, the heght of Zh^^-^L^fu-^'^'' previously ascertained to be the same as the height of his own eye. Such point will easily be tou^d by using the clinometer at zero, the assistant and^chainman standing close together and on the same level. "'"^^'"'"^^ how'STd ,„ .'^^^ field-books supplied to surveyors contain a in the Field ^^f^'e ol the Correction per chain for given ano-Ie^i Book. of slope, and also a form for applying the corfec! . f ^ . i-°°'. *^ ^'^° chainage. The fiVst number to be used o/°tl!'''' ^T '"^f"' ^^"«^'^' ^" J^^ks of The chain -- ~—i ■,— a-,jii.3ica ii/f loDgtii it is ad lusted so »«» tn ha. standai;dat60°Fahr.; the number to be Entered is then the theoretic length of the quarter-section, forty chains or foi^y! one chains as the ca-ie may bo. When 'it cannot berijusted s. idicated bj a lain, a rough 1 practice, De » rudely esti- oi the air at le chain dur- lin will have pall J in dry influence; a ban a bright I fact cannot [n case such bo provided opper rivets ain. Holes air effected n. t should be them to get surface, the >vel clinom- i-hus permit chaining on lem to hold •petition of ' ground. 1 will stand chain men hrough the e height of the same Y be found chainman i contain a ven angles ;ho coi'i'ec- nber to be the chain rVhen the as to be 1 then the i or forty- 3 a Ijusted OENERAL INSTRUCTIONS 3» the surveyor ascertains its length at eo^'Pahr. by comparisoa With a standard, and computes the number of links of his chain required to give, at the above temperature, the proper length to the quarter-section. With a chain too ling, L Sumber of links will be less than the true length and vice versa. This number being entered in the Field Book form, the corrections £ «HhK ""'V^ "^^^^'^ underneath; they a^e in all cases ?o link to i« nTJ'f ""'"'f ^°. ^^' temperature, one-quarter of a link to the quarter-section for every ten degrees Fair, is to be entered next ; it is added when the thermSmeter ?s btiow 6o' and subtracted when above the same. n,ilV?!a^'''^f of the quarter section, the algebraic sum of the quantities entered will show the number of chains and links to be actually measured on the ground in order to give to the ^t ^""^ '-n ^^««V^°^i^'' '^^^y^^ forty-one chains. ^The sam^ process will be followed to find the distance to be measured™ the section corner. oi^ic* iv. It will be seen that the distance for the topography, beinff of the correction to the chainage. This quantity beinff generally small, may be neglected for the topograph/ but the posts should be entered at their true distances. ^ ;n«rl^®'^^.,l^^,!'^^'°^?^*^^°^^® scopes and correcting for ^clmation will be applied only with the Gunter's chail, by which posts are planted and boundaries ascertained: the 100 feet Cham, being solely as a control, will be used in the bfievJiler"''^'"' ^'^^^•"g c^ai" w^en its full length cannot ated'du"^" When the distance across' an obstacle is deter- tances to be J^}°f ^ J^ » triangle, the surveyor mnst be care- checked, tul to check it by another independent operation, «,.«. .^^ another triangle or a micrometer measure- Ztcha'nage?' '"'^"'"^ *' the principle of double indepen- If a second triangle be adopted, having the side to be calcul- a ed common with the first triangle, it will be sufficient to set up the instrunaent at both ends of this side; any error in the angles would be shown by the calculation In all triangles tlr^-^^^t ""T''"^. *^ *?" ^^'^ '^^^^ ^^ «a»«d B, the angle opposite to the side to be calculated and the third one A ?4o'wh?i!!*'°°f '' ^ ?u^ ""^^ according to the form given on 20 1 Th H-""? ^^ ? ^^ specimen of field notes (op|o8ite p. «n+l^«J"! ri!""'^^°^ to the near side of the obstruction being entered at the proper place, it is only necessary to fill the form to have the distance to the far side . From this last point the chainmen start with the number of tallies and pins and the fraction of chain found by the calculation. ^ STANDARD M^r.^DlANS AND PARALLELS. Trianolb No. 43 Obaerved Angles. Cormcted Angles. 9.442 1')g. b=i 0.97606 COSO'!. B=5 0.08168 si a. C=i 9.93450 log. c= o.;t»oi24 c=.- 9,800 ruction;= f 0.050 0.72321 0.09S61 9.97054 !. 9.442 9.850 6.287 0.72321 0.09361 9.97054 0.792C3 6.200 37.000 43.200 INSTRUMENTS. 41 Snrveyoi to pass roi.fAii largo lakes or ^ Should the extension of a block line bo hindered ....^- .„...„. .)y a very large lake or marsh, the surveyor may •leepinardhes, }'^iss round the same projecting for the purpose . he adjacent township lines. In working round jii tliiB way I,, arrive at and take up the continuation of the block line on the opposite side of the obstruction, the sur- veyor will legularly post off atd mark out all township section and quarter-scclion corners on the several lines, repoA' mg the encumstance fully and sending all the field notes of such addiiionnl woik forwaid with the i^turns of survey Instruments. Description of transit theodolite. The surveyor in charge shall have a reiter- ation transit theodolite, with a six-inch horizontal circle reading by threr verniers to 0°00t, and a three-inch vertical circle with two verniers to 0°.02 as a nnder for stars in day time. The telescope has an objective of one and a half-inch diameter, and nine inch focus, supplied with direct eye pieces of power equal to 12, 18 and 32 for terrestrial work, and a diagonal eye piece with powers of 30 and 60 for star work In using his instrument, the surveyor should always employ the highest power compatible with satisfactory definition The instrument is provided with three verniers, because, by revers- ing the telescope and turning the azimuth plate 180^ readings will be obtained on the same object, at six equidistant points ot the circle, thus tending to eliminate periodical errors of graduation to the.same extent as an instrument having six verniers. • ■ - b ° -* Decimal graduation The degree is subdivided decimally, instead of, as usual, into minutes and seconds, in order to facilitate the taking of a mean of a number of readings of the three verniers, and to lessen the chances of blunder, in so doing, by substituting the more familiar process of division of quantities counted by tens to the less familiar one of dividing quantities counted by sixties A small magnetic needle, attached to the instrument, is use- lul in finding stars in day time, when the surveyor may happen to be elsewhere than on a line of known azimuth. , ^^ Assistant's The aaai^tint '"ill ^-> -; ?.-i^j — '^^ "a instrument -^«'« '^"-^isiaxii rriii uo piuvidcu wun a reiter- ation transit having a four-inch horizontal circle reading to minutes or to 0°.01 ; it will be used tor measuring the angles of small triangles, laying out oflsets for passing obstacles on the line, measuring the bear- I iH I 43 STAXDARD MEarDlANS AND PARALLELS. Pocket chro- nometer or watch for astroaoniical work. «nd gonorallv to Hn i(,„V to bo oponod out id tho bush, stru™ntus«Ii„thoproduetion„^f,hn„r '"" ''"'^'" '"• 5uaiitya„d;„x;^tcot"w r rh:;":rfttr/°f '°«k!" for tho purpose. ^ ^^^'''^ ^^ Josirablo well mted to witfS\h:'lav ^abi: ^issT or climbing ovo^thSt unl « ^."^^^S?"' "^'^^"S on horseback, In J>Hnpin% down from nil ^/,FO'^t'-*te trees in a windfall esca^om'ent^is vryHabTeto c/tcfTn'd"-^^ ''« ««^^'^' '^^ pointofoneoftheCsLno wh««ir lo vicissi- wearer la horseback, windfall, addle, tho injure tho the vratch Jr watch, >d to trial iSOFah., and with 7 pinned, > balance, )h initial ms of tho ssistance done by hange in 8 all the ng it for )n back, xteriors It with It; but, ;he four med by el, tho azimuth varies with the progression along a chord from ono corner of a township to tho other, because the direction of tho hue 18 the same throughout, whilst that of each successive meridian to which it is referred, differs from tho direction of any proceeding one by the amount of their convergence. Eeckoning azimuth from zero at the north point round through oast, south and west,~90^ 180° and 270o,-and rep- resenting the convergence of the two meridians forming tho east and west outlines of a township by C, the azimuths of the chord forming its base would, at each successive section cor- ner, beginning at the eastern corner of tho township, and ffoini: westward, be 270 + |. 270 + •^, 270 + %, 270, 270-1''^, 270-^; %*^'~"7» the deflection angle between a chord produced and the next one equalling C. -^^^?^^"*°<^'*y given in tho accompanying geodetic tables JNos. Iltand IV, under tho heading of "chord azimuth," is equal to 90° — ?,-, which substracted from 3G0° gives tho above quantity 270° + Vj. C is given in tho=o tables under tho head- ing " Deflection." sVrmi?ng'*t; , . T^o referoaco of lines to an astronomic meri. be made on "'^"' ^" order to obtain their direction, or to Polaris. check the accuracy of their production, shall, as a rule, bo made by observations on Polaris. The telescopes used being amply powerful to show stars of the second magnitude within a few hours from noon, and stari of tho third magnitude in twilight when it is still clear «:nough to lead the graduation, the observations shall be taken m day time, whenever practicable. Besides avoiding tho errors peculiar to all artificial illumin- ation, and likely to be specially developed in the case of field work m unsheltered positions, and with light from reading lamps held by hand, inconstant in direction ar-' nsteady, da:^ light observations have the advantage that tuey are conve- niently made with the instrument at one of the stations for the ordinary production of the line, and during its progress, with- out materially, if at all, interfering therewith. Day observa- tions also give tho surveyor more time in evening in camp for their reduction, and for checking his own and his assistants' work gcnoi ally. In observing for R-t.^ath^ the surveyor will Programme aerving. r^JQp^; the following pcogramme: The instrument being in the position which places the ver- tical circle to tho observer's right hand when looking throuo-h the telescope, it will be directed to tho reference object and the verniers read, then to the B le Star, noting the time of pointing and the reading of the orniers. The level of tho I 41 STANDARD MKaiDIA.VS AND PARALLELS. Causes of error— jield. log of stand. to thoPolo star, the lovo roco^^o 1 °n'l ^' to escopoisdiror-tcd precise direction of the tH^' iji will il/rr^'V'^ '^ '" ^^^ help of the quantities given in Tnh.v''^ ^'"'^ '* «» by require any explanation.^ " Table VJ. Its u-i« leve warrants it. position, the cortrinty that it ensures •Direction of rpi ^ . motion of tan- ^^"^ont screw should alwnv^ Ka +., gen. .ore.. as t push .gainst its oou„t:!.;reX r spring might M'?otrbac"L*thr''P"'\''- '"- PO be- the )nce rva- tion and the reading of fhn •''''* ^'^tween t. e oi rva- dragoftheverShtwi laTs'o'r; f^'"l? *^'^^'^ ^« ^^7 sure, as the motion v.il aTwavs b«^nT '* "^f-^""^ **^« °^oa- always be in the same direction. purpose Observations with a two vernier in- strument. u the lower limb imiifh u +k . . ■•""'^ ^"1 tue purpose 'muth, if the instru..,ent be a repeti r IRECTIONS. 4ft If. tion ono; 120° by lifting it oflf stand, and changing footscrews one interval round, if it bo a reiteration in«trument,° 'rone which has no motion of lower limb. Reference Ob- The reference object for azimuth work, whether « u 11 /° . ^"y ^'""^ ^ I'^^''^ot on tiio lino, or at niirht Lm r^K ^""'''°' '^°"^^ *''' '^ P^^'*^*^'^' ^t J^^^^t half a mile irom the observer. Such a lantern having to slide on over the lens a tin can across which thoro is a vertical slit having an opening in width of _ about quarter of an inch, makes un^exceRont reference In the case of night observations, the angle between line and reference object is to be dotermined before observi , Td not hn' fJ' ^^°'.'''^^"^''*^"^ subjecting the reference ' object to the risk of accident or removal. Surveyora to observe for 8zimutD every clear day more than interferiri'' with the Surveyors are expected to observe for azimuth every clear day. With proper care in tiansport- ing the instrument, the levels will seldom get nnuch out of adjustment, and then the complete observi. .on for azimuth as above does not requiro ten miL >s; generally it can be done without 4„i u .\ u "^''^^ ^^ 'choline. The reduction will take about lifteen minut It is hoped that with the forms Lrf hh' '"PP.'r "^ urveyor., the work has been mado^o should JaiHy^xitf '^ ''^"' '' thefrequency of observation Watch error. The watch error is required for the redaction of the obsei vations ; it may be found ver\- simnlv when on the line, by placing the telescope in the meridian and observing the transit of a star. The time thus deduced 18 sufficiently accurate for the purpose. "«uuoea When not on the line, the transit of a star through the vertical ot Polaris naay be observed, and the time found hv toUowing the directions given in the explanation of Table VIL Ihe ooseryations for time are entered in the form at the end 01 the book of record of astronomical observations. J&nor ?^^5!:^^"r^°"/ ^.'^J«i«° of the level is re- the Urel. ^.'^^^^ "^® reduction of azimuth observations 1 . „ , . ^°tain this, the level is placed on the azimuth plate parallel to the plane of revolution of the telescope and a rod, with two ma rs unon it. is T.ia'>ed Tr-w,f,v.„ii„ ^* J tain carefully measured 'distance from' the instrument and' in the duection of one of the foot screws. The bubble is brought, by turning the foot screws, close to one end of the tube, and the telescope directed to one ot the marks on 49 STANDARD MERIDIANS AND PARALLILS. lnt;d'un?n ?h"Yoltr 'l d'^ ?7' ^^^' --- - then and the dlsnlacImenroT^K^K^Kff^^^ t*^ ^''^ other mark between theSnatl« of the In"J«f ' ".k*"'!- '^^^ ^'^''^"^'^ be deduced from fhe distance of ti? \^^^ ^''l between its marks jdivlSithvf^^ ^^d and the interval pt^lr""' "" ^-"^"-it'jfteTiWH^^^^^ ''"^'^'^^ °^ azTmulh* ^°' Surveyors are at liberty to use anv fnrmnio ^ forms and taKeTcouMVofr^'"^ '""'k ^^^--^[i^ntl' ^^ following fol.murarJtrn'Jd.n'7oVr ^'"-^ ^^^'^oaJiC gard to future referencrit s^dl^.«M ?k^"'^?.''^'^'^^ '■^' should adopt it; '*''^®'^°*'' '^ "* desirable that all surveyors Tun >!*— ^a" -P^ oo sin f. ^— tan P~tun <^ coa t. •simuih ob. .. ■■" ,'"' ''"^"> of record of astr-onomical nl,»„n„o circle i„,e, H.tri 'r t'rrta[?"r' ''"!i° "■«"»« 2end^.t.e\AT.otJel^rS;^ [^ (W— E) X value of one division] multiplied by the inclination factor. will give it forr^'^'telrSr. '"' '"'-P"""-" « aight respondiDfir logarithm. 5 ja +« h"^^^-"^ ?.®^ - ^^e cor- *• tat. F sec As f '» when i is 00^1);'"''^'^ '.''^ logarithm of orlShaTifl sTh. ,*;„* i. T.^ comprised between 0" and 6" DIBECTIONg rew IB then 3thor mark ' difTpionco 8itiorj8 will do interval divibions of formula or 18, but, as lethod, the 0, with re- surve^-ors 4t ' angle re- observa- I'opresent ^ight and r, II. O. lUth. west and al to the H. c. n. it side is d when y in the at sight n Table sing afl 'he cor- ithm of and 6", ?ed be> The following examples, one in each quadrant of a rovolutiott of the Pole star will show how the calculation in to bo made : Ex Eeqmrod for the 6th July, 1880, at a point on the Oth base line, or 20 townships north of the 49th parallel, the azi- mulh of rolaris for hour angles of i*" 10 "', 9** 32'" IG'' 44'" and For t - 2h. ICm. For< = 9h. 32m. Tfto P (snnu&l table) 8.36640 8.3G640 8 36640 8.36640 Sec .^ (Table V) 0.19877 Tan*, 0.08772 0.19877 0.08772 8in< 9 73023 8.29539 Ooi <, 9.92603 9 77946 8.34463 9 90235 8.38016 8.35667 Subt. log (Table XII) +0.01030 As = — 1.1581 —0.00976 833487 1 ■^*B As... Ill, .a,, 8.30669 Az=— 1.2366 Por t = 16b. 4^m. ! For < = = 19h. 62m. Taa P (annual table) 8.36640 8.36640 8.36640 8 36640 Seo ♦(Table V) Hint 0.19877 9 97567 8.64084 Tan *, 0,08772 Cos t, 9.61264 19877 0-08772 9.94593 8.51110 9.C7161 7.96676 8.12673 Subt. log (Table XII) —0.00400 +0 00676 Tan Az. 8 53634 Az== 1.9715 8.51686 Az=4.1.8829 Tho log. tan. Az. is transformed into logarithm of the arc hv .7^1 azimuth by account, when the E. O. is one of pickets The direction of the line is corrected by placinif the instru- men a certain number of inches from its^lormei^osH on at right angles to the line. This offset is found hy SXi^l the distance of the back picket by tho tangent of the co^rS 48 STANDARD MERIDIANS AND PARALLELS. SPECIMEN OF EECORD OF Place, 45 cb3.E. of N.E. corner Sec. 31, Tp. 28, R. 17, W. of 2nd M. Face. Object observed. Chronometer Time. Horizontal circle reading. A. B. 0. R. R. 0. Polaris. h. m. s. 13 63 25 173082 83-445 080 443 084 447 L. Polaris. 13 56 33 •473 475 477 R. 0. 173-079 082 084 Chr. Time. 13 53 25 13 56 33 Tan. P. Chr. Error. — 2 13 13 1 2 13 Sec. and tan. * Sid. Time. Polaris R. A. 13 51 12 1 15 43 54 20 15 43 [Sin. and cos. t Sum. t 12 35 29 12 38 37 Subt. log. Log. 7S2. Log. tan. corr. Log. distance. 2.89873 bac 6.68904 1.80380 Distance of kpicket=53-65ch3. Tan. Az. Log. T. Log. Az. Az. Log. offset. Offset in inch. 0.39157 2.46 H. 0. R. on star. True North. TABLE OF INCLINATION FACTORS. a. 0. R. on R. 0. No. of Township. Oh or 24 Houri ^ 3h or 211' mgle of F 6'' or ISh *olaris. 9h or 15' ' 12h Azimuth R. 0. Mean. 20 1.20 1.28 1.18 1.25 1.15 1.23 1.12 1.20 1.10 1.17 Az. by account Correction. 40 1.37 1.34 1.30 1.28 1.25 60 1.46 1.42 1.39 1.36 1.33 80 1.56 1.52 1.13 1.4S 1.42 084 3 447 5 477 2 084 DIRECTIONS. AZIMUTH OBSERVATIONS. Date, 21st July, 1881. One division of level = 0-0011 ' 49 7.74580 1.75812 9.50392 0.3191 83.4469 83.1278 173.0820 89.9542 8.36465 0.09855 999381 7.78226 1.75812 9.54033 0.3470 83.4769 83.1299 173.0817 8.45701 TABLE OP LOO T. 89.9518 89.9530 89 9502 .0028 Tan, Az. 7,875 8.045 .137 .207 .259 .299 .335 .366 .391 .415 .435 .454 ■ .472 .490 .505 .519 .532 .544 .666 .667 .579 .588 .698 .608 .617 log. T. 1.75812 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04. 03 02 01 00 .75799 98 97 96 95 94 93 92 91 90 89 88 87 I 4 60 STANDARD MERIDIANS AND PARALLELS. ! I Record of azimnth ob- Bervfttions to be part of the luiurua. Tho observations will bo entered in the note book of astronomical observations at the time they are made, tho calculations made cither in pencil or in ink, and tho book will bo sent in as part (See spccimenVigo'' 48.)" ''''''''''' '^' ''^^ "'" ^^ ''''^'''' Production of the line. Production of Line. mtee"'^* , J" P^'o^ucing tho lino the survoyorwill employ employed. ^ut one flagman, a forward pickotman ; a back 1 r. 1 1.- "'''g'"^" i» "ot nocoseary, as tho surveyor can have loft by his men at each of his instrument stations a picket which he can sot himself before leaving it. ^ Pickets. Perfectly strailn;ht pickets are not indispons- ablo; a part of tho picket, exactly in the line may be indicated by some visible mark and only this part used in the production of the lino. ^ ^ nin^J'fJ/T'''' "^T'r '''" o^^^a^y surveying picket, about nine feet long, and torminatod at tho lower end by in iron point exactly in tho axis of tho picket. A small bubble, placed at right angles to the axis would bo a valuable adjunct to en- sure verticality. "^ When the flagman comes to tho place where a new station is to be established, the surveyor will A , u gj^e^ him roughly the direction of the line. A wooden slab, held to the ground by two small wooden pins or by stones on the ends, will then be placed at right angles to the line at the point determined as above and in all subsequent operations, the picket will be held on the slab, and its position marked with a pencil. ^ In setting a point forward on his line, the surveyor will be caroful never to do it in one position only of his instrument : in all cases, first making his back and forward sights circle rieht then reversing his instrument, repeating them circle left, Ind haying his flagman so instructed that the latter shall consider he has to make in each a separate and independent settinff of his picket between which, if there be any diff-erenco, thesur- veyor is carefully to mark the middle-poin t Then the process IS to be once repeated, so that there shall be two pointings in each position of tho instrument on the back and forward .v_=.v-^ jtccjjcunvcij, ur uignc pomiingg in all. The same rule as to the reversion and number of pointings 18 to oe observed in off-setting the line to get past lon| reaches unfavorable to chaining or triangulation PaODircTlO.V OP LINE. 61 It will be seen that the slab ought to bo of such a length as to allow play for collimation. K"" aa ?o«h.'8"t°°ned „ ^^ deflection angles at township corners on off by dtflec- !"<^ ^ase lines can be turned off" without any read- tionofficts. ing of the graduation, by using the "deflection nff.nf • *u ^f'*^^, ^''''''" ^" '^^^^'^^ I^I' This deflection off-set ,8 the length, at the distance of one chain, of tho fSnif . "^ deflection angle, or the angle between the chord forming a township side and the next chord. When tho sur- veyor comes to a township corner, tho last picket before the corner IS p^ced south of the line, at a distance equal to the deflection ofi-set of Table III, multiplied by tho distance from the corner, and the instrument, instead of being set up over the forward point previously ascertained, is placed north of tho line at a distance equal to the deflection oflsot multiplied by the number of chains between the instrument and the corner The line 18 then produced from the back picket in tho ordinary manner. '^"•■jr Supposing, for instance, that it should be required to turn off the angles at a township corner on the seventh base line, tho back pi.kot being 12 chains behind the corner and the instrument 15 ^t 1 9 1 i^?nT ^^1 o nT*? T"^"' ^^^° ^^^^ P'^'^^t will bo planted at IJXl 501 or 18 01 inches south of the line, and the Jnstru- ment set up at 15x1.501, or 225 1 inches to the north. S^JeJoSs , ^* J^ ^^^^^'r^ of the block, the surveyor will ofabxock. l^^^ tiie required angle approximately, and the flagman will hold his picket at the point so deter- mined, while the surveyor measures accurately tho angle thus turned ofl', in the manner explained below for measuring the angles of triangles. If the angle is not what it should be, the direction of the line will be corrected by off'settinff the instrunaent at the next station. ^ B D —t- Fig. 15. . Should the corner fall in such a place that the angle could not be measured correctly, as for instance at B (Fig. 15) ono of the stations, C, being too near the corner, the surveyor will have the angle at B approximately turned oflf by his assistant 4J 53 STANDARD MERIDIANS AND PARALLELS. the „o,t eMioE %] ^iZZ.fl'cT'^^ttZZZ'^'^ offfetiing tho ™8tr»r„*tfi D '"''''"■' " '"'^' '' "^""^^ "^ 2 4 fi s S^ n ^' ' ^' '^^•' ^""^ ^"^ t'lQ other the even onea atStanfd ' ?"* ^ssu-^iDg for instance the obseiZ- to be at station 6, and representW bv the IfiftAi. ,. nwT ?. azimuthal circle readings, corrfsnond nl ^. \l^ respective pointing, on the statio^n\SThoBe ^umbei ^h^lT'^^" placed, the series of readin^rs wouW bo - ^^"^'' '^ Circle 3 L St. 4. (( (( r r r r St. 3. r r o o St. 5. r r r r St. 7. r r V V St. 9. r r o o St. 8. r r r r i\ Vc '8 St. 4. r r r r 8 o ' ^5 '5 ~i~, &C., &c. And for one of the trianf^los .^ 4 r? +>,« „ i ... betweonthedirection8 6tu3,and1-Vo4%:^°^'° "' '^'^^•^"■<^' 3-a-4 = cf4 ~^3. The direction of the diuc/onals 6 ^ nnri p o butonco in each position hflr.^.t ii, ^'? ^''o taken out culationof Hides^ bi tonlv^f . ^ f ^ "''^ intended for cal. have occurrersuch as s ^h n'o. r^ ""^V ^ S^^«« ^^^^r may detecting by eombinln^^^hn^ •n^^J^J'^^* "^* a station, in inv^o!ved%t^.haTSatnVe':rL ti^e. eecurel, ^d^aJ^rvS^ 2^tkl^^^^ REPORTS AND RETORNS 53 ment over these station marks when observing. Any neelect in this respect completely neutrah'zes the approxSaSoi to SownT/f^' '' ''"^'^ ^' ^y ^^^ reiteration oF^the ZS^^^ down in the programme. ° lieports and Jieturns. Monthly Re. Bioek surveyors .hall send reports of progress at intervals as nearly monthly as circumstances will allow; such reports to be accomnanied hv sketches, on the scale of six miles to the inch, TThTprinted forms supplied, Bhewing in red the lines lun update the deviations of the base lines, the depth of quarter-secSons adjoining die correction lines and the length V the Son correction hnes.^ The general character of the surroufdinff country shall be indicated by the following tints:- "^ Bush,— green. Prairie and bluffs,— small patches of green. Prairie,— blank. ^ They will also inform the township outlines surveyors work- mg within their blocks, of the 'depth of quar ter-sert^ns adjoining the correction lines, the length of the jogs cf the correction hnes and the deviations of the block linesf S?ns.^'" ^^^^ fi"^l "t^''n« of the survey will consist 1. A diary for the time the surveyor has been employed, innw °*l i^® survey, pn the scale of forty chains to the Th^n /^' /«^°^« /"PPl^ed. They will show all the W graphical features of the country crossed by the block lines Tn Pirst"^ art r' ^""^^^"^^^ *"'' subdivision surveys. (See § 102. 3. A copy of the field notes. 4. The record of astronomical observations. 6. The formulas of oath for chainmon, duly sworn to. 6. A general report of the surver. SUKVEY- OF THE TOWxVSHIP OUTLINES. Instruments, The instrument to be used for the survey of the township, outlines shall be a transit theodolite with a vortical circle botf ann nl^'^'°f A'""^' t ''^'''''' ^' '^^^^ ^e insp cted and approved by the head office. Method of subdividing Blocks. In surveying the meridian exteriors, the survevor will com* mence at one of the township corners of the base'line He will carefully measure one or two miles of the base be- fore beginning the subdivision of the block ; this will enable him to compare his chaining with that of the lines previously run. i; J ^^"dian is to be carried only as far as the correction line where a temporary post is left. The corresponding meridian 18 then surveyed from the townsliip corner on thi next base to the same correction line, and the jog run between the ends of the two meridians, on the proper azimuth. Tho north and south closing error is distributed equally between the two quarter sections, adjoining and on each side of tho «^^'rif\ ^°^^u'^ as to make both quarter-sections of the ^fltT^\ ?rl'^?'"^' ^^'' township corners are now per- manently established. ^ No posts are to be planted by the surveyor of township out- lines, between the township corners on the correction line. moS'tr" .■^'^y difference in the chainage of two meridians will cause corresponding deviations in the east *^^ c u i°'^™^''°®s.P'Di°g the same; great care should therefore be bestowed on the measurements. Chesterman's steel band chain shall be used and every precautioa taken to ensure accuracy. Limitof error. The mean average deviation of any twelve miles • meridian should not exceed one minute and thirty seconds, but smgla errors may be larger, if frequent observa- tions are taken. Being distributed according to the law of accidental en-ors, they will, in a certain measure, compensate Observations for azimuth. The direction of the line with reference to the astronomical meridian will be readily obtained by observing the sun's altitude before or after noon. If the SUBDIVIDING OP BLOCKS. 65 telescope is reversed during the observations, so as to eliminate instrumental errors, this method will give all the accuracy re- quired, and will exempt the surveyor from having to take observations at night. The instrument should be provided with a coloured glass to enable the surveyor to look at the sun through his telescope. fhera''^^ ^^^ observations will bo made first with the *i- * . 1- 7®^^^°^^ circle to the right of the observer and then with the circle to the left, reversing the telescope and turning the azimuth plate 180* in azimuth. In the first instance the image of the sun is to be brought in one of the angles formed by the wires in the telescope so as to be tangent to both wires at the same time, and the same pro- cess IS to be repeated with the instrument in the second position, but with the sun's image in the opposite angle. In order to bring both wires tangent to the sun's limb at the same time, the sun's image should be placed bo as to move to- wards one wire while going off the other ; the former wire IS kept tangent to the sun's limb by the proper slow motion screw until both wires are tangent at the same time. In the opposite angle of the wires, the same process 2nd position 1st position 18 repeated with the other slow motion screw. Fig. 16 illustrates how the sun's image should appear in the afternoon with an inverting telescope, the apparent direction of the sun's motion being shown by the arrows. In the first position the wire ^ a should be kept tangent to the limb with the slow motion in azimuth, until D B is also tangent. In the second position D B would be kept tangent to the limb with the slow motion in altitude until AC'm also tangent. ' 66 TOWNSHIP 0UTLINK8. I ■ i s g h SSg ^8 mio 1 1 o o oi a> S s c2t:«» tOOcq COCO SS ill J! J II II a ta r^ooN •« ^ iJl M 1-3 %u « II C^ IM d 1-1 09 eo " III' N t) a a> 00 II II II o 5§ ^ u s ^3 .H g o a g lb » coco g "^^ of » fi ® -a o " 00 ai l-H 1-1 "^ "^ 4i 00 1— t £5 tq ^ a .S3 1 ^ : © Jl o o © xn u 0) 1 • • I § g> + 0, 2 ■ i t> z • .•0 e^ e^ rH <5 20 : : © ••* l\ .11 ' II II ©o ® : ^- '• 1 1 <^ I ■^ us •^ i * M w «oco ft. ^ 2^ CO . 2 N . =1 •4^ •2 ^ 15 "3 S "3 00 o — S . H ll m d 1 1 il .SI « S s^ s ■ S II - M o « «J 1 M 0» —4 CO OS CO s ^ <1> '4 .§ '2 -2 5 o to II II II II II •-I J«« 1 I-" To O . • li 1 03 tX) S u a u 2 "3 1 i 1 ^ i o t (a S 1 1 SUBDIVIDINO OP BLOCKS. 6-7 ^S P. S3 §s II II 1 W-M t^ ;S§ s 08 » N« ^>, e3 Id a a ;a (4 CO o ■♦J u to ;o . »*A H n u H '•44 CS i-( a s 8 as u o h4 a a •-9 s « >£3 § S >; o a CO + o e o 04 '^ CO 8 © ^ CO to I J « *~ *^ ^-1 U U Q 31 .0 © © CO © CM © CO 00 ■i )',, «j .t: 3 .2 as tH m O 1 eS ir .isilaJ-l 58 TOWNSHIP OUTLINES The reading of the horizontal circle on the reference obieot. generally one of the line pickets, should be taken in both positions of the instrument, and the approximate time of ob- servation noted. The best time for observation is when the sun is near the prime vertical, that is to say nearly duo east or west. Redaction of observatipna. The following formula is the simplest that may be used for the calculation : COS. i^r _ ■/ cog ^ (jo^ (5'— a") sec <^ seo A where S=Jd±±A h being the true altitude of the sun, ^ the latitude. A the suns polar distance, and 2 the angular distance between tHo sun and the north point. Eeckoning the azimuth from 0" to dbO Irom the north point through east, south and west, z is the azimuth in the forenoon and 360^ minus the azimuth in the afternoon. The latitude and its secant are j iven in Table Y, for the north side of every section. On pages 56 and 57, two exL^ap-,,, are given, one in the afternoon and the other in the forenoon. ^ ' Beports and Beturns. The surveyors of township outlines shall send in reports of progress at intervals as nearly monthly as possible, such re- ports being accompanied by sketches on the scale of one-half mile to the inch, slowing the work done and the character of the country, in the manner directed for block surveyors. These sketches shall exhibit the length of every quarter- section line when different from 40 chains. Such information II fl^"^ to be sent directly by the township outline surveyor to the subdivider, when requested by the latter, m J^o fin^l returns of the survey are the same as for block surveys with the exception of the record of the astronomical observations, which is not required. ce object, I in both no ofob- noar the that may e, /\ the veen tbo om 0° to vest, z is imuth in ', for the I in the jports of Buch re- one-half •acter of rs. quarter- rmation urveyor 3r block nomical IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) I 1.0 I.I ■^121 US mm m22 u 12,4 ^^ £f 1^ 12.0 u IL25 in 1.4 US, 1.6 fliotographic .Sciences Corporation 23 WIST MAIN STRUT WIBSTER,N.Y. M5M (716)872-4503 € I 8 t APPENDIX A. ACCOUNTS OP SURVEYORS UNDER DAILY PAY. Surveyors who aro employed byrthe dav will ««««• i. ^ moneys received were employed and what eL^.^.i^^^^ ^^® applied for 18 to meet. expenses the money No draft on the Department, or order or nnw«,. «p „** for moneys on account of the survey wm be ac7«nf^H ^^.^l"^^^ ' ing^ to instructions. apposed of accord- bring the whole outfit to the denot if i« J^.^^POssiblo to whatever price may be obtained ^' '' '''"'" *° ««» ^«r The accounts are to be in dunlirnfA o«^ placed to k of Mont- d that tho ter should liere. ent should to be for- matter, as FORM OP SURVEY CONTRACT. 05 tho most vexatious doliiyrt, due to this cause, are continually occurring, and surveyoiM aru ilio first to suffer thercfrotm FORM OF SURVEY CONTRACT. This Aorbement, made the second day of April 1883 between John Frederick Smith, of tho citt/ of York in the Count}/ of Armagh, in the Province of Ontario, in tho I>;'ninion of Canada, Dominion Land Surveyor, horoinaftor culled the contractor, of tho first pnit. and Her Majesty tho Quoon re- presented heroin by the MiniHlor ol ihe Interior of Canada of the second part ; ' WitnowHoth, that the contractor covenants with Ilor M.-iiesfy Her Successors and Assigns, that in his own proper uithom,' but with the aid of such chainman and assistants as may be necessary, he will, in strict conformity with such instructions as he may receive ft-om the MiniHter of the Interior the Surveyor- General, or other proper officer in that behalf 'well truly and faithfully and to the satisfaction of the Minister of tho Interior, perform the following surveys, viz:-— 1. Subdivision of townships twenty-five and twenty-six in ranges Six, seven and eight, west of the fourth Initial Meridian, may, with bis consent, be and any additional survey which added to the above surveys. 2. That he will commence the survey on or before the first day of July, A.D. 1883, and will complete the surveys in manner aforesaid and return the plans and the true field-notes duly sworn to, and other returns of the surveys required to the Department of the Interior in Ottawa, on or before the first day of April, A.D. 1884. 3. That all chainmen and other assistants required for the survey and other expenses conneuted therewith, are to be pro- vided and paid for by tho contractor. 4. That the contractor will report progress of the surveys to the Inspector of Surveys, in accordance with such instruc- tions as may be given in that behalf. 6. That upon completion of the said surveys by the con- tractor in strict accoi-dance with the terms of this agreement and to the satisfaction of the Minister of the Interior, and upon receipt by the Department of the Interior at Ottawa of the said plans, field-notes and other returns of surveys, Her Majesty will cause the contractor to be paid at the rates fixed by the Order in Council, dated the 23rd of March, 1883. The number of miles actually run and marked in the field only to be ^aid for, random lines, bases of triangles and offsets not to be included. Main traverse lines of lakes, navigable if ■nil U.H '. ?: ' i mi It ■ Hi 66 CONTRACT 8UUVKY8. rivora, or eeitlor's improvements, as shown in the field-notes^ to bo paid at traverse linos rates. t. That the contractor shall not assign this contract or any intorost therein, and no payment shall bo made for any surveyo not executed by the contractor personally, assisted as afore- said. 8. That nhould the contractor make default in commencing the survey on or before the date above fixed in that behalf, or should ho fail to report progress of the surveys us above pro- vided for, or should he fail to comploto tho Hurvoys in manner abovo provided for or to roturn tlio wild planH, fiold-notes and other returns within the time abovo limited in that behalf, tho Minister of the Interior, Surveyor-General, Inspector of Sur- veys or other proper officer in that behalf, may procure the woik hereby contracted for or any part thereof to be per- formed by tho contractor, or any part thereof to be performed by othern, in which case the contractor shall pay and make good to Her Majesty, Her Successors or Assigns, all damages, losses, costs, charges and expenses to which She may be put by reason of the contractor's default and by reason of having to procure the work to bo performed by others, including any advances on account made to the contractor and any excess in the cost of such work over the contract price herein Hpecified 9. That Her Majesty may cause advances to be mrt'le to tho contractor from time to lime during the progiohs of tho works on account of the price thereof; but until the completion of tho survey and receipt of the plans, field-notes and other returns as provided for, the contractor shall not become entitled to any payment, and if any such advances be made, they shall be considered as a loan to the contractor to be returned to Her Majesty, in case the contractor make^default in carrying out any of the terms of this contract. 10. That should the surveys above mentioned and other surveys added as aforesaid, be completed in accordance with tbe terms of this contract, and the plans, field-notes and other returns be returned to the Department on or before the first day of January, A.D. 1884, Her Majesty will cause to be paid to the contractor as a bonus over and above the contract price, a sum of money equal to fifteen per cent, of the total contract price for the work hereby contracted for. In witness whereof, the contractor has hereto set his hand and seal, and the Minister of the Interior has signed and sealed these presents on behalf of Her Majesty. Signed, sealed and ") John F. Smith, delivered in presence ot > Dominion Lands Surveyor. J. A. McLeod. \ A. JR. Stewart, Deputy of the Minister of the Interior. >od 08 afore- BOND. FORM or BOND. at Tins Indenture made tho second day of April. A D ISOJ bDtwoon James William Brown, of iho Town of Essix in T^ County of Westmoreland, in the ?royinoTo( Ontario' n the of the City of Victoria .n the County of Wolfe, in the Province P?;'"'^^ '•' ^^° P«"»inion of Canada, /'arwier of the firBt'JuT and Ilor Ma^onty the Quoon roproHont'od heroin by the ffiter of the Interior of Cunadu of tho Hocond part- «i«"i8ior WitnoHHoth, that m mirolioH for tho faYthfil performance by the contractor of the foroKoing contract, the pa?tieH oTZlZ part covenant with Her Majesty, Flor SuccenHorH and Amisnl that the Haid contractor will, at or within the time or tTm 09 weu'UerdS M?"''*"' P*-^^''^^ bytheeaidcontiact! wen, truly and faithfully commence, carry on and comolete the surveys contracted for in «aid contract, and report prXss InTJ"^"*- ^Ti°'-".iho plans, field note, and Sther^JeturTs mentioned in the said contract; and further, that should tho said contractor fail or make default in any 'of these rZectH and should the work or any part thereof be performTbv others under the provisions of tho said contract, ^thentTe sail contractor shall pay and make good to Her Majesty uTv ^^ZZ^'^.'^'u^rT' *" l"'""^^^' losses, costs, chCg^e's and deClt and Tv'^ "^' "^y^ ^""^ ^y ^^^'^^^ of thecont^ractor'8 default and by reason of having to procure the work to bo fo ttTnn.^f .''^''*!{ *"°'"^'"^' ""^ ^^^^^''' °" acooTnt made to the contractor and any excess in the cost of such v -k over tWtK« -^i P'r ,*»«rein specified; and further g<,Derally that the said contractor shall and will from time to time and at al times well truly and faithfully perform, keep and abido M««-V'T'^'^^°^.^"T^' agreements anf condSs wZd ibird'by "°'^"^' "' °^ ""'' p^^* *« ">' p-^--«ne of tho »ing Bond d my as ' real and idrt, of the above all Brown, rem, one foregoing md say as ' real and ia, of the 11 charges ^een, I, of the 10 County 3 of Nooa )er8onally traotor in ArriDAviTg. II fc^*s&j"^ contract named duly execute the naid ln«trument samTaSf 'tha? 't"^' '*"^' T ** u^'*^' "°^ ^^< delivering the wme, and that I am a subscribing witness to such execution! Sworn before me at the City of York, ^ in the said County of Armagh, this [ tecondday of Apnl, one thousand f J, A. McLeod eiffht hundred and eighty-fAree. J ^^^^oa. W, F. Wilson, a J. P. for the said County. ^''cIuZV,^^f^''V' ^'''^' Arthur Jones, or the VilU %%vfr^^' f '^''/ ,^^^^^rland, in' the County *^hn r>t L \ xt ■' ^^ ^erby, in the Piovinco of Marii- toba Cerk, make oath and say, that I was personally nrTent and did see James William Brown, iho ubiigot in thrn),CoTn^ contract or writing obligatory named, duly execute the sad instrument by signing, sealing, and, is his act and deed dt eZZu," '""' ' '"' ''^^ ' '"^ ^ ^^'^^^^^'-S wftness to 'such Sworn before me at the CHty of York ^ in the said County of Arm>wh this second day of April, one th.,usand ' ejght hundred and etghty-three. W, F. Wilson, a J. P. for the suid County. ^^1^'r^ P^ ^^V""^ ) ^' ^'^''y' A'f^^r Jones, of the Villaae County of Armanh. C /,/ /^,.«,i>— /^^j :. '.. vL '^"*"y« O. A. Jones* ^^''XfArjnagh, ' ^ ' of Owiberla^^^ in the County bf Clerk mak« Lh «nH^ ^frh,;n the Province of Manitoba, A-A ' o , ®*^^ ^°** **®y» t'lat I was personally nresent anci did see Richard Alexan:^ Green, the obligor in t^ho foreltn^ irtr^nn? r^'^S.oi.^^^ory'nnmed, d^uly execute thf?^^^ nstrumont by signing, sealing, and, as his act and deed d^ ixecSn!'' '""'' '"' '^'' ' am a subscribing witness to such Sworn before me at the City of York ^ in the said County ot Armagh, this f ^ . , second day of April, one thousand f ^' ^- •^<''»«»' e^ht hundred and eighty-^Are«. J W. F. Wilson, a J. P. for the said County. ^?SJT" ?\ ^H"''' 1 ^' ^^^^''^ ilfci?'arian«, of the Township Caun^ of Armagh, [ o/ a/Wne, in the County oSf. i.0 wit: I ings in the P'^^yin/'a -^ ^ -. oJntoLct or^l^^^'' m'" ^''''"' *^^ "^''«°'- i° ^*»e foregoing contractor writing obligatory named, duly execute thS said ¥ ill to OONXRAOT IDRVIT. instrument by signing, sealing, and, as his act and deed, de- livering the same ; and that I am a subscribing witness to saoli ezeoQtion. Sworn before me at the \City of York, ' in the said County of Armagh, this second day of April, one thousand eight hundred and eighty three. W. F. Wilson, a J. P. for the said Ooonty. B, McFarlane. ': 1 deed, de- ess to HQOh irlane. TOWNSHIP N9 19. ^/iNG£ /3 ^£Sr OF MER/D/AN APPENDIX C. rj 1 ..-' 1 r ■ Specimen Timbkk KEPoax. Township 19, Bange 19, West of Meridian. This township is covered entirely with a growth of timber, which, for the purposes of description, may be divided into three divisions, viz: — Ist, Timber suitable for the manufacture of marketable lumber. 2nd. Building and fence rail timber. 3rd. Timber for fuel only. The Ist division comprises the lands bordering on Long Lake, Clear Lake and Clear ■Wo>'ir(/reek; these are covered chiefly v^ith heavy spruce and tf .tac averaging in size from 10 to 30 inches in diameter, generally sound, and running up to a height of 50 to 60 feet. Clumps and ridges of poplar are also found J these trees are, however, generally unfit lor manufacturing into lumber, owing to their being rotten at the heart. The timber adjoining the Clear Water Creek and the north end of Long Lake, viz:— on parts of sections 31, 32, 33, 17, 18, ly, 20, 1 consider the most valuable on account of its superior quality and size. The timber in the northerly sections can be readily driven down the Clear Water Creek to the Little Saskatchewan in the spring, and that bordering on Long Lake could bo run down the Eolling Eiver, which flows out of the the south end of this lake and joins the Little Saskatchewan, near the 5th base. I would recommend that the land in the Ist division should be reserved from sale and settlement and set apart to be licensed as timber limits. 2nd Division.—- As the lands to the south of this township are well adapted for settlement, this being evidenced by the fact that a number of settlers have taken up homesteads in the townships adjoining, the lands in this division, especially sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 11, 12, should be set apart to be divided into wood lots of not more than 20 acres each, and sold to the settlers as they are required. 3rd Division.— The central portion of the township is almost entirely covered with windfall. The timber, as it lies at present, is well suited for fuel, ©eing quite dry and sufficiently elevated above the ground to prevent immediate decay. I would recommend thaF permits be given to settlers who may apply for them, to cut fuel to «Tipply their needs on the sections shown, as covered with Windfall, on the accompanying plan. mi t'.i . ii' i APPENDIX J>. FORM OF KNGAOEMBNT. Abtioles of Aqbeement, made and entered into at Winrif^ peg, this fifth day of June, A. D. 1883, between John. Frederick Smith, of the City of York, in the Province of Ontario, Dominion Land Surveyor, and Andrew Gordon, of titd City of Winnipeg, in the Province of Manitoba. Witness that the said Andrew Gordon agrees with the said John Frederick Smith, to faithfully and dih'gently serve him, and his assistant or assistants, or any person under whose charge the said Andrew Gordon may for the time being, be placed by order and direction of the said John Frederick Smithf as laborer, from the date of this agreement, until the said John Frederick Smith shall have completed his survey. In Consideration Whereof, the said John Frederick Smithy agrees to pay the said Andrew Gordon at the rate of one dollar per diem, and to board him bo long as the said Andrew Gqrdon continues to serve under this agreement. And it is agreed between the parties hereto that the provisions of Ordinance number Five of 1879, of the Lieutenant Governor in Council of the North- West Territories, shall apply to the same under this agreement, payment in full to be made only after fulfilment of the engagement by the said Andrew Gordon, and the performance by him of his part of thi» agreement. In Witness Whereof the parties hereto have hereunto set. their hands the day and year first above written. Signed in presence of Y Andrew Gordonj y JoJm F. Smith, JE, JJ. Johnson. y Dominion Land Surveyor. APPENDIX E. ^1 OBDINANOES OP THE NORTH-WEST TERBIT0RIB8. at Wintif- reen Jo?» ■ovince of ion, of thd h the said lerve him, ier whose being, be ick Smithf said John ck SmitJif one dollar ew Gqrdon that the lieutenant lali apply > be made id Andreuy t of this eunto set jyor. No. 6 OP 1879. An Ordinance respecting Masters and Servants. (^Passed 2eth September, 1879.) Be it enacted bv the Lieutenant-Governor of the North- West TeiTitories, in Council, as follows :— L Every contract of hire for personal service for any peiiod more than a year shall be in writing, signed by the contract- ing parties. II. Any perRon engaged, bound or hired, whether as a clerk, journeyman, apprentice, servant, laborer, or otherwise howso- ever, guilty of ill behavior, drunkenness, refractory conduct or idlenees,— of absenting himself by day or night without leave, from his proper service or employment, or from the house or residence of his employer, of refusing or neglecting to perform his just duties, or to obey the lawful commands of his master, of dissipating his employer's property or effects, or of any un- lawful act that may affect his employer's interests,— shall, upon being convicted of any or either of the said offences, be- fore any justice of the peace, for every mich offence forfeit and pay such sum of money not exceeding thirty dollars as to the said justice seems meet, together with costs of prosectitlon^ and in default of payment thereof, forthwith be imprisoned for any period not exceeding one month, unless the fine imposed and costs, together with the costs of commitment and convey- ing such person convicted to the place of imprisonment, bo sooner paid. ni. Any person convicted before any justice of the peace of harboring or concealing any apprentice or servant who has deserted bis master's service, or instigating any such appren- tice or servant to desert such service, or of keeping such ap- prentice or servant in his service after being notified or informed of the fact, shall be liable to the same nenaltief? a!^ are enacted in the next preceding section of this Ordinance. "' '"" ly. It shall be lawful for any justice of the peace, on com- plaint on oath by any umployee or other servant, of ill usagOi. HI f! 1i masters' and seevants' ordinance non-payment of wages (not ezoeedin- two month's waires the same having been frst demanded), or improper 53^1 br hw master or employer, to cause such masV or eSyep to complaint bp.ng well founded, to order such complainant to be disojarged from his engagement, and to order such mLtS oJ S\7fl^ *° P^^.'".'^ complainant one month's wage^T^l ?wSmnnfhT''"''*^^^T«'^^° '"'^'^^^V due him, not exieJS^nL srutTon ^h« «T' ^ aforesaid, together with the costs of pr<5 secunon, the same to be levied by distress and sale of the t^'l- ^"^S^^" ^°^ '^^^^^'^ J ^"•i i« default of suffioiont dis ross imr^nsoned for any term not exceeding one monUi. unleBs the eaiu moneys and costs 'oe sooner paid. ' iT,ThJ'^/!'?''^'''!^m^*^>^^^^«'»°® "liall be held to apply ^ the North- West Territories to contracts and agreemente made at any place outside the same. agreements VI. On the trial of any complaint mado under this Orrli ^yTdTnce °"P^"^°""* "°^ "°^^««^ shall be admitted to give' ok^F* ^^i^^i'g '» this Ordinance shall in any wise curtail Abridge or defeat any civil or other remedy for the recovery of wages or damages, which employers or mastera my h^vo Sfa?hL'!7''"*' or employees, o? which servantsTr employels may have agamst their masters or employers. ^V'^Y^a Yin. Prosecution for offences under this Ordinance shall Ha PBIOIS OF PBOVIS.0NS. PBIOES AND WXiaHTS OF PBOYISIONS. 95 Articles. •43— a Floor Oatmeal Oommeal .. Bacon 40 lbs. 3 •' 3 " 20 " Winnipeg quotations, 20tb June, 1883. How packed. Earn. Butter. Cheese Beans.. Yegetables.. Apples, dried Sugar, lump Ooffee 8}" Si" 2f " 2} " 6 " XXXX Of Strone Bakers, $2.60 ; XXX, S1.90 Standard, $7.00 per brl. ... Kiln dried, $2.76 per sack. Smoked, clear sides, 16c.... Weight of paokag*. Oanvassed, 16}c. Tea Syrup Vineiri inegar , Baking Powder.... Yeast, Oems Pepper, Gr'd Uustard ... Salt Ess. Lemon. Picklei .. Candles . IfatchM. Soap 6 " 3pinta fpint lib.. 1 cake If oe. 1 '« Choice Dair J, 22c , Choice No. 1, 16}c Med. hand picked, $2. 75 per bush., or 6c. per lb Compressed Chollets, 65c.; American, 46c Choicest S.Y. sliced, 12c... Paris Lump, lUc /Pine ground Rio, 22c.. 1 •' Java, 30c J ' Black, 22^c. to 40c , ac- ) cord to quality v (Japan, " «• « J Bright, per keg. $3.25 Barrels, per gall., 40c gall; 6 demijohn, $3.U0 • Dr. Price's, 45c. ; Snow- drift, 26e. per lb Price's Lupulin, 7c. per pkge. of 10 cakes Ground Black, 16c. per lb. Common, 17e. ; Keen's, 26c per lb strongs'ks In barrels. In sacks... In cases or sacks.. In crates or sacks.... Tubs .. Boxed bris.ors'ks In tins In barrels. In boxes (( H'f-chests In kegs ^rl-i.or de- mi j )hns In tins . 2#lbs Dairy, in bags, 9c. per bag l}oi. Extra quality, 2 oz. bot- tles, $2.00 per gall. $2.60 to $2.76 per doz. bot- tles. Star, full wgt. I60ZS., 20c. per lb 60c. per gross pkgs Savon superfin, $3.60 per box of 60 bars IJpts 1 lb *box 2 lbs. 3doz.inbox In boxes .. In boxes and tins 98 lbs. net floor. 196 «« 98 " { cases aboot 600 Sacks " 160 r Orates " 400 1 Sacks " 160 About 60 lbs. '« 68 " r Brls. about 380 (Sacks " 100 4 lbs. About 220 lbs. 50 lbs. 20 and 26 lbs. 60 and 60 Ibi. 52 lbs. fBrls.,6001bs. iD'johns, 661bt 1, 4 or 6 lbs. About 20 lbs. 10 and 20 lbs. Bags 1 g. boxes Cases& b's In boxes... 10 gr. eases In boxes... Box 10 Ibf., tin 10 lbs. 6 lbs. 3 " f Oases, T&& 100 \ lbs. (Brls., 170 Ibi. 40 lbs. 60 " 50 " *Taken from the instractions to Land Examiners issued by the Canadian Faoifie Railway— some of the articles, such as butter, etc., are not adapted to the requirements of a party organized for the surrey of Dominion Lands. TABLES. BXPLANATIOX OB^ THE TA^BILES. « JJ'^ ®'?";f ^« of tho figure of tho earth on which the ceodetic tables are based are those ^.iven by clnt A R ^ar^e m h.n "Comparisons of Stund'ud. of\eo|^,^&a; Those elements are : Equatorial semi-axis = a = 6H1^206.i metres. Polar serai-axis = b - 6356583.8 metres. TABLE I. Iatutde'o7thr!3rce. "' *'" *""'' «'^~ '"« '«K»»»t-tl., ol]hoWrTN8?n*l-^lT'''l "P'T? gives the logarilhn. S'^„i*l= \ ? . ' '" ""Iters chains, i'.e., of one second JU lit: K "^'^^^ «^^^^ ---'^ perpendicular to thTmS chSin! o?R«in1 ''""^ ^'T' *^^ logarithm of the length in Thf ?;„ *K } ' '•'•' .''^°°® ««°^°d (1) of longitude. The fourth column gives the logarithum of P sin 1" i p «r one second (1") of latitude, i- sin i , e.g., of taWes!'" ''*^"'' ^*''' *'''° '''^^ ^'^ computing the following TABLE IL r J!)f ^,^^°^^"V" this taWe is the number of the base or cor- rection line or (m the first column) the number of townshrns intervening between the 49th parallel of latiturand the liie The next column contains the latitude of the line Md Z' aTnl'^'arbefolr '^^ ^^^^ ^^^ ^ «- '"' '^^ ^ ^^^liT^ti ♦nJJ'tl*^* ^^l''™" Of the table gives the difference of lon^ri l»t.tade, .t IS necessary, if acouraoy be reqmrJd^toSC ? j i 5 mil s EXPLANATfOM OP THE TABLI8. polate N Hin 1" fur tho lutitu le, and then to multiply the result hy tho coslno of that latitude. II For Psin l" = NBin 1" X cos <^. TABLE III. This tnblo pfivos for tho ftr/»umont — numbor of the base line: first, tho t'hnid nziinuth, /. e., tho an^le, in degrees, minutes and seconds, monsni mmp hfj tho calculation of the a/Jmuth fcrn.ula (pagoV) The TABLE VI Is intondod to facilitate the observation of the polo star in irS- 1^'''^''^*' by placing thetol.«cope precisc'yTn the dhec tun 01 the star. To second column givos the ai)D-oxirnrf« azimuth at different times and for townships to 80^ Tho"a ? CO umn contains the distance of Polaris a'bove or below the r;;::'o:?rte\ruir' ^-'^""^^^^ '-^^ ^'^ '^'^'^'^' ^^ ^t TABLE YII is for determining the watch error by the observation at an^ trica'f Xe"'"' ''''''"" "'"'^'" Btar rrt'tholam^ .i^^ ^i \^ ^'^® latitude of the place, a' and A' the right ascon sion and declination of Polaris, a and ^ the sSme qSitioH Jo^ eaoh''n''fTK''^'' '"^ ^' ""^ ^ '^' chronometei times a wh^h vertical T«.Tk''?k '''^'''}'fy observed to cross the same vertical Let;? be the arc of the great circle pcruendicular to t:^:tf^' "'"p""' '^^"'^^ thei^orc'anf til: served,'Z:St:'^'^ '"^^ «*^^' ^^ *^^ ^^^^ ^^ — b- ^=;) (tan 0— tan 5) A^'faA'^iiT^'' ^?ir i' ^'''^y calculated by taking (tan. 17 i ^^ w "" * **^'^ ^^ "^^"^''^l tangents to tjhree plf cob S decimals. Were no such table at hand the followine Crfth- mic form of the same formula could be employedT ^ cos ^ COS j For stars below the pole the formnia would be : or *=;>(tan^ + tan^) cos 4> cos ^ . .JjliJllI KXPLANAtlON OP TABLBg. Table VfT. givoo the voIuoh of p computed ior the moafi declination. 88" 4 1' = 88°. 6833. §ov any other value of ^', p must bo multiplied by COS ^' COM «8° 41' The logarithm of the above factor ia very Himply found by 1'63857 to log. tan P given in the annual ophemeris of Polaris. Thu arguments of the table are the declination of tlio time star, ^, and f~f = (a— a') — (T— T') With carefully adjusted coUimation and axis well levelled, the surveyor needs to observe but one star to obtain a chrono- meter correction sufficiently approximate for azimuth work It may be remarked that;), multiplied by the secant of the pole fitar'H altitude gives at once the azimuth at the time of observation : Az=p sec. '^ ^ The table has been computed by the following formula : pr=P «in (^_ f ) 4-^ sin 2 (t-f) tan 6 r Only in exceptional cases will the neglecto! U.^\ish of the development cause an error of one quarter of ♦> sr*- f» in the time deduced. l.The example given will show the calculation by both formulas. •' To dednne the chronometer error from the following ohron- n. \->! times of transit across the same vertical plane. ^fHv\B 6h. 33m. 278. Xluiiis Maj. ' i»... 6 36 42 . .15th April 1881. do Chronometer supposed to keep sidereal time without. Ha^h rate. Place, 6th baae line. * - - - j IXPLANATfoN OF TATiim^ he moao fouud by i. tlio time levelled, I chrono- work. It of the time of ila: ' of the ' in the >j both » ohron- L881. It dai!^ •7 u 01 ■«»< <6 03 -i 06 M A 00 bo o a o O XS i-i W a a 4) 04 a- a eio 5 ° to o 3 a S f^ e » ^ » 9 « s g a -!-> u "O J3 93 u TABLE VIII jr Gives chains in decimals of a township side ; the average ength of north or south sides, viz. : 486 chs his been used fn the computation of the second column of this t^bie TABLE IX Contains the correction to be apnlied to the nnr-moi „;a,u ^r roau allowance to obtein its value at township"cornere in onf ^ersouinf th« ^^ ^ H^^'t ^ ^".^ ^^«- fortownship c^ ners south of the road, and subtracted for corners north of it 6J 84 EXPLANATION OF TABLES. TABLE X GivcB the logarithm of the ratio of a small arc expressed ia seconds of arc, to its tangent; by adding it to the log. tangent, the logarithm of the arc is obtained, and the arc itself is found with a table of logarithms of numbers, without having to com- pute proportional parts. This table is intended to replace the table printed on the record of astronomical observations, when the instrument employed is divided sexagesimally. TABLE XI Is useful in running trial lines. It gives the angular defleo- tion of a line for deviations of one to 149 links at the end of eighty-one chains. TABLE XII Is the part of the table of addition and subtraction logarithms, nseful in reducing time azimuth observations with Polaris. Suppose two numbers a and 6, and a>6 j then we have, as lontr as J. IS less then 10. ^ FOB SUMS. Take 10 + log. i— log. a=A and then. Log. (a4-&)=log. a+5 FOR DIFFERENOES. Take log. a— -log. b==B land then. Log. (a— 6) = log.6+il— 10, TABLE XIII Gives the correction for refraction to be applied to the sun's polar distance when using solar instruments. It is always to be subtracted from the tabular distance. This table was computed from the following formulas t r = 5rcotg.(5+iV) Tan. iV=i cotg. 4> cos t Where S is the declination ^ the latitutude and r the refrac- tion. *Wi*»V- 86 spressed ii> g. tangent^ elf is found ing to com- replace th& )ions, when alar defleo* the end of ogarithms^ th Polaris, ye, as long OES. og. b=B .b+A— 10, > the sun's always to formulas i he refrac- ~ 2S2® "="=> CO 00 1-4 io -^ o «0 i^ 00 e-' m fr« 2SSS'*' 00 CD ^ C^ O 9i o> oi a Ci ci Oi 9>Oi Oi Oi Oi OlO 0» — CO CO o i-H e 9> A 09 Oi A o o> 0) 0) n 6> rjoom "ft •« M c* o> CO '^ >n 00 trjS w -H oit- Sj N (M M rt -, OiCi OiOiOiOi Oi O O) m Ci C» gn o CO CO CO P> — CO 00 © r^ J' £0 't" lo t- *~ r-t-fr-t-t- CD 00 «o CO CO CO CO CO ^jicooo o e« go p> © — • CO Tji J^^ 00 00 CO 00 ©^ T(< -H,-( -I Tf j2 1- OS — CO »fl CO t-oo © i-J 00 00 00 00 O) O) 2SSSS ® ® ® 2 © o — — — CO t- t- t— t- 1-» 00 O©ao>oo> CO r— * ^ Ol c*^ on t^ CO CO in o CO © T«i 00 e» t« r* £— £« ©©o©c © "* if5 o -H e0 O -^ N M to CO t— ^>^>^. k. >a lA lo to >o r; OS oj ro © © ©CO ■<}^T(^l01^- O 3 00 r-4 CO ■* >0 © >0 rH CO -H S'* CO i-H © 00*»> 2 © ©5 OS . o © o OS gs o © o ooa OS © ■^ OS >o W ■* M © co--ico« lo ■<* eo 00 00 OS '- cvi c; Tj( f^ CM CO CO CO CO 00 ■* eg OS w .-I t- r;jrceosoai*i i-ujv^ior-c3 MCOCOcOtJItH ■««<•* -.J* -^ gi g CO 05 lO .-It- I »- OS C t— I 00 ia«io>a>bw «coSSw« P> "-I CO lO t» 00 ^ r:* r? ?? e? e« O© © g o © © ^H c^i CO *^ ir^ g O © © Q ® *ii^ — v5 CO -^ IC3 © © O O O ^ © ^ CJ 00 ^ jO " 2h22SS2^ o©©©o© -h— i-<,-_-_j •O >0 lO tOiOiO ill i f 86 :^ v 8 •5a o OS © "^ nS~'=!?2^ MijCDOOOS© XTco^ ^fo-^ot^op OS © -H cfl CO m eot-m g OS OS OS OS OS OJ O © © © o 22 00 so l-H i-H © o© t-3 oa 25 52 -; OS t- «o T»< eq © 00 50 M .-< £r{^J^£ES52? osos©©©— Siii 00 ©©© 1 00 • e .-1 00 10 eeosM i-H -^ e2 ogmosooiot- N(M-*ao SSS^S* ©coot-OS© — _o« SSftSS SS»X®»S Sw OS OS OS OS OS OS OS 01 OS OS OS OS o; osososososos OS OS OS OS OS OJ ososos 10 ta OS OS OS OS o.S OS S.>;i2S£:S P«O??e?0OT< -H W »0 t» © ?1 JO — n rl lO 50 !-• 12 «o US «o "o "O CD 00 - - iO 00 ei CO ■^ «o t- 00 OS t- OS (M Tjt W OS SOS t— I to CO r-< rt o.H 1-3 m ©!<>eolO^»oo 000 CO fn T»< T* T* io CO CO CO CO t: coco CO CO CO CO ko co^- 00 CO CO © Tft 00 00 OS OS CO CO CO ^ 13 •5 al o©o©©© O fH W CO ■»<4 «Q Cq C«l C4 CM C3 C4 lOtO tOiQ too Soo© <=>9 §0© o p 00 00 >aooo ) 6> o> o -^ CO Tjt t-00 o o 00 lO 0> M — • Cft » o> 0) nao) i ■f t- o i« oo " 00 o> 3 CO to )t-op >© •* ) OiO) oo 2S „^l Hlii €8 ,§ CQ •diqs ^g? ?^5^^ gS3J§2 SSS2S 2S2 ts to 3 fe'3 'btra S 9 SO 2S S^S^S 25§gg:5 Sg£:SJS ssag : rr* r''^^^'*'" *-«omS oo25t2S2 ESS; ss§ ^^^zi ^sss5 gssis li^SS flOC» be . o d PICO Oi'^tooo-H ^r~om( IS to >cio>o>aw v«ovw< 0> OO 'I MOO Tf OOi-H S5; CA 04 fS A ;o«ot-c-c> M -^ la CO ■w i si 2iii» lsS«- sss^i ill K3S5 ,r;2:$es-r' ^®wsa Sjiot^ooSj o-ie5 o ss lO »ft Ift TJH •,)( -^ -^ . 0105 osojoioioj ojo>o;«3» SSsojSS SojS 050» 04050SOSOS 040>0»0>0» 0>0»0>0>0> 05(3>0» o a too «005-*ooS KSSosrH SeJSSS SmS ?2S ,'2:z;i2'««> w^-^^t-S SoSoS o22 gco co«cco«oco »oco<»ce<» «oSSSS SSS ►a ^ SS ?^^2Sg S§S2S S22^>3 ^§s§ ^§ S^g^SS §S5SS SSS^*; ^2^ - §2 S^SSS SS^SS SSSS^S gSS >a «9 s n tt> O a) o 4) oa *; oa r; 08 « o « o : d B a • < • • 1 : b »-R es eai'Hiicq o O a! ♦? ca £pq g So Sosos SSoJSo SoSoS 22o 89 'ftoao coeo(o gffg t- 00 fO s o o 11-515 13-932 16-376 jOQO O e>4 Tt*«D *•*" 00 00 00 ao s O N 0» " r^ p-l i-l r^ i-l rH i-H fH 1-4 1-4 _< _i ,_) ,_| t: 2 r! ■* t-t-o 00 CO • • 55^ mfo at -^ ^ to af^ laty oo^oxc, di'^pS ^§§^S S5^ t- o t- o» CO 00 b- M w t- C0 ca la .9S2J9S S-^opo^ S««o> O CO «0 r-1 U3 O O >0 O o>o O O i-H PH kH ^ CO o> d> OS i-H CO to •vt- © ■*t-< ci N e c* »o t- Tfi io«o © •-< CO i»< lO ^e: SooooSS SSSS53 SS^i SS*r2 ©MfOCOCO SS2^?!: OT'-'cowt- E; 2 2 ^ w T)t m «p t^ ooooAO o>oso>33oi 0- 1869893 0-1870013 0133 0253 0370 r- h- •* © 00 O ■?« Tt* ■H" ;0 !>• 00 O ^ O 9 00 •-I 9 loota f r- to » 'f" to - 00 0> > 00 CO 5 ■n coi-i Oi Oi d iC 5 o oi o> d> CO CO c-i OJ lO O .-rr . r ^ s? o io ai -H ^^^^^ ^iSsS 2«2|| mil ip'i «aoo>« aaojojoj o>53SpS SiiSS SSSS OJ 0> 0> OJ 0> OS 0> 05 OJ o> 05 05 05 >e i-l lO > o o > t-t- 'O 05^ 05 CO 00 O >^ 1— 1 00 e5S SS ® '^ **" S2 §^^^5 SwStJiS ;::s *"t- 1- 1- 1- £2i"?I!2^22 0OO5«O5O5 0505050500 t-t--a.n ^^gg| £gSs2 .?iiss 52ii l.~ t- t- 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 I in o ^ i-H lA to NW © ■>i* CO r^ ©eo©coo n.SnwS iSi^^S 05 t- «CS CO -H S£:S22- ftgwtg O CO © s? iS S5 gSS^q! SSSSg? ^SSSjq 5§^SSS g^22 «0 >a 3 e^ eo 1(1 o 05 d - O 4) a o ^ a : d _ a «>'•-' IS -" ts ;^ 05 ^ ajW e o ^i a o d d o « o • d a> o r§2 ««j5 K fli 9 « s O c3 '^ °3 -S oeogcoo iO mO£^0 so« SSo^'o Sw?5oS SSoSo SoSo -<'/iI 90 TABLE III. Chord Azimuths, DeflectionR, Deflection Offsets, &o. for Base Lines. ' 9, &0., for 32-1 32-3 4 32-5 8 32-8 12 33-0 1ft 3i-2 20 33-6 24 33-7 2» 34-0 32 34-3 r 36 34-5 40 34-8 44 36-1 4» 36-4 62 36-7 66 360 60 36-3 64 36 6 6» 369 72 37-3 7ft 37-6 80 37-9 84 :-8-3 8» 38-6 92 39-0 9ft 39-4 lOO 39-8 104 40-2 10» 40-6 112 410 lift 41-4 120 41-8 124 91 g ♦J O S a w •— • St: 3 § PP .2 (Z) c .2 OD •o *5 i •diqsnAvoxjojaqtnnjii e^(0 o -^ op N W O ;jH ■-1 rt i-i C4 e>) CO OO N «0 O -^ W ■^ ■^ «0 lO 00 e» •noipas jiTjq -ono joj ,9ona3j9A -Id JO aongSjoAuo^ n a •i-t m O • • • . • T" . T T" T^ T T* T* ■"* "-I '^ I M e^ «S o S O ■^ ^ lO «o '3 M ■ ■ ■ O ■^ — ' m — 01 03 ^ 00 m t- U3 W CC t-£> (o in >o m lo t<- (» 00 09 0> 01 O O >-f § OS'S MJ v o o 5 «« Si o g n 01 1-3 o .X o CQ t- ?e m !o _; 0> I- o f, N i—l >— I p— I l-H t- iM I— T»> 00 05 tr ■^ C>J 01 o o o o 01 00 01 A O 7 aJTJ •O 03 65 o> o M -* F-l TJI ^ 00 e3 00 .a ^ oS.'?J"5 mt- Tt< 01 © O r— I »H fO X M 00 CO c^ e^ « CO ^ T|<(0 00 C4 «0 C4 OO op CO 00 Tti 01 lo o J I ■ •IBmpaQ qjnniizy pjoqo co«o o •«)i 01 00 00 t~ ^f' ^* ^f *^ • • • • 01 00 f*t»© •V -v -^ ■^ -^ 01 01 01 01 01 £0«ffl 00 p— CO CO C4 ^^ I-H © ^ Tt* Tf ■^ ^ Ol 01 01 01 01 «oao oiS> coS5 0101 • l«nii893Bxas< q^nmizy paoqo ^rHOllO to to lO to - to a Ol 00 Moocooieo 00 to m o 00 ' * • ■ • • • to ri © ^. to e^ay CO CO CO 04 C4 C4 •-■ •9nj7 noij I "•WJOQ JO jgqtdnii j ■HNCO'^ lO«0»>aoo> O-HNCOtJi ioo 1>2 o 6 ;h «2 CJ •^ -«• ?r 1 4 <:j ri ^^ -»>> o s^ ^ 1 o ^ o » .- a o o tp fi s o O •diqenAvoxjojeqinnij I «g .-5 -^ -9U0 -la •uoipaB jisq , Joj 9onaiJa9A JO eondSjOAnoQ v-^ to O 00 >C lA CD « S 0.2 » s a I .S o 03 A eq to *- o> o> o o C t~ 10 ^M 00 t-t-t- 000*-^.^ 00 CO 00 CO (o CO 10 1 1^ •OTJt ^ o •O OS •53 O •- 00 ^10 >A in CO 00 l-H T»l t^ o 00 « e*! I* oj S5S85^^ CO 00 ^ _ © cot- 03 00 0) 1-1 CO CO "3 • • . . .' T- g 1-H ri rH rH >-l iH cot- -< irt o> 00 © CO m t- t- 00 00 00 00 W l-H t- Tfl -) O 0) O) O) © 0( •IBtnioea noi^oegaQ i-tt- CO e> e © ci ^ » Cfl CO CO CO CO 1 'r'TT^r^r* r-'TirH 00 *— CO CO CO " S ri c^ >o CO T»l Tt> 1<< cocot» "0" ■«JI«0 -8X9g uoi^bagofj V';|t ^ U5 »0 © o 00 e^ o> 00 00 o £9 CO 04 ■-1 00 to to CO N Oi CO ■>1< — « C4 M CO Tj* oog A •IBniI39Q q^nmizv pJoqQ © 1^ T* oot- CO CO CO CO • • • Oi 00 lO I OS© ^ t- 00 ( w Tt< CO cii e« CO CO CO CO CO W O) 99 9J 0) l-H C^ CVI c^ e»5 »M O OS 00 t- CO CO oj eq M 0> A OS OS 0> £3 c^ -< C0U3 ■* OS 9s a» 00 'Ifitniso^Bxgg qjnmizv pwqQ t-ooos oooot-ioe^ os co rn co © coco© *- T*< — ■ do lb rii-ii-i oo©SS ° 8 CO 10 OS OS 0000 •— ' 00 10 I-H 00 •^t- OS •* o i cocoevi •aniq non -oajjOQ JO jgqoinjj il 2 S 2 ^ *•■> fo Tj« «o coi- ao OS NC4 pq (M ?1 o r- efl CO CO CO 93^ DO T«i ooe4a into "* «b lb :3f ni ooMoo iqs to iNOJ »5 ip« ) UJ I WW 9^ ip IP 09 00 TABLE V. Latitude, with Logarithms of Secant and Tangent for each Section, and width of Quarter-Sections. 00 nH 0>O © © o 04 C4 e«i to to CO tot- coo t-$S 30 © 04 «o eq 1-1 00 i U3 us O ^5 ■* SI N p-T e«i i-i to ia'<^ cij es eq Oi 0> ^ 00 s© 1 00 hco 34 30 89 65 26 <3i CO CO w n TABLE Y.— Continued. Latitude, with Logarithms of Secant and Tangent for each Section, and width of Quarter-Sections. 6. a m d o Eh S 10 II 12 a '♦3 49°. 5242 6388 6533 6680 6824 6971 6116 6262 6407 6653 6698 6644 6989 7136 7280 7427 7571 7718 7863 8009 8154 8300 8445 8592 8736 8883 9027 9174 9:^19 9465 9610 9756 9901 50°. 0047 0192 0-187 67 0-188 0-189 80 93 06 19 32 46 88 71 84 97 10 as 3« 49 62 75 88 01 14 27 40 53 66 79 93 0-191 06 19 32 45 68 71 84 98 0-192 11 0-190 S3 3 !t3 %j o o o o Tan. * 0-068 87 0-069 0-070 10 33 64 7T 99 21 44 66 0-071 11 33 013 78 0-072 00 23 45 68 90 0-073 0-074 12 35 57 79 02 24 0-075 0-076 47 69 92 14 36 69 81 03 26 46 o a a. a Quarter- Section. o o o o [39-868 140 145 133 lai 109 097 088 073 060 048 0S6 024 012 000 39-988 976 964 951 939 927 915 903 891 879 867 '39-856 .40-147 135 122 110 098 086 073 061 050 037 024 9ft t for each Quarter- Section. f 39-8158 (40 145 133 121 109 097 085 073 060 048 0S6 024 012 000 39-988 976 964 961 939 927 915 903 891 879 867 '39-855 .40-147 136 122 110 098 086 073 061 050 037 024 TABLE Y.^Cmtimed. Latitude, with Logarithms of Secant and Tangent for each Secnon^d width of Quarte.--8cciion8. m t o a o •S3 u en 13 14 IS 16 17 18 26 36 1 12 13 24 25 36 5 12 13 24 25 36 1 12 13 24 26 36 1 U 13 24 25 36 1 12 13 24 25 36 1 12 13 24 Latitude. Sec. ^ 50° 0339 0483 0630 0776 0921 1066 1212 1367 1603 1648 1796 1939 2086 2230 2377 2622 2669 2813 2959 3104 3250 3395 3542 3686 3833 39,7 4124 4269 4415 4560 4706 4851 0-192 0193 0-194 J95 0-196 24 37 50 63 77 90 03 16 29 43 66 69 82 96 09 22 38 48 6-1 78 89 02 18 28 42 55 69 82 95 09 22 35 4997 49 5142 62 5289 76 6433 89 a q Taa. « O o o o 076 0-077 0-078 079 0-080 0-081 0-082 71 9J 16 38 6) 83 05 28 60 72 95 17 40 62 85 07 30 62 76 67 20 42 64 87 09 32 0-083 0-084 54 77 99 22 44 67 89 12 34 56 o it o a £■3 Quarter- Section. © O o 40-012 000 39-988 976 D63 951 939 926 914 902 890 877 865 (39.853 140-149 337 124 112 099 087 (74 062 050 1)37 025 012 000 39-988 975 963 950 940 926 la 901 888 876 • n n TABLE Y-Continued. LATiTtDE, Tdth LogariihmH of Secant and Tangent for eaob Section and with Quarter-SeotirxiH. .a m O a o •■3 IK CO 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 36 1 12 13 24 26 3« 1 12 13 24 26 36 1 12 13 24 26 36 1 12 13 24 25 36 1 12 13 24 25 36 12 13 Latitude. Sec. 6724 6871 6016 6162 6307 6453 6598 6744 €889 7036 7180 7327 7471 7618 7762 7909 8054 8200 8346 8491 8636 8782 8927 9073 9218 9365 9509 9666 9800 9947 61° '0091 0238 0383 0629 0-197 02 16 39 48 S6 69 ' 83 96 0*198 10 23 87 60 64 77 0-199 0-200 0-201 91 04 18 31 45 68 72 85 99 13 26 40 53 67 81 94 08 21 35 49 62 o o o Tan^ 0-084 79 0-086 01 U 46 086 0-087 0-088 0-089 0-090 0-091 91 14 36 69 81 04 27 49 72 94 17 39 62 84 07 29 52 74 97 20 42 66 87 10 32 55 77 0-092 00 22 46 g.s J9 « Quarter- tiectioui m o o 8 863 (39-861 1 40 160 188 126 118 100 088 076- 063 060 038 025 013 000 39-987 976 962 950 937 925 912 899 887 874 862 [39-84^ [40-162 140 127 114 102 089 076 051 036^^ 9 o 25 26 27 28 29 OT TABLE Y— Continued. Latituue, with Logarithms of S.cant and Tangent for oaoh SeotioD and with Quarter-SeotionH. 138 125 113 100 088 075 063 060 038 026 013 000 •987 975 962 950 937 925 30 o I. o , <2 ^ cu 3 t o 1 Latitude. Sec * « . s ° ^ •1-4 15 -S Tan. .^ 9 a ^ OS 03 (J Qimrter- ScctioQ. Eh OT Q d 24 61° -0674 0-201 76 0-092 68 40-025 25 0820 90 90 013 36 0965 202 03 093 13 000 26 1 nil 17 35 39-987 12 1266 31 58 975 13 1402 44 81 962 24 1547 58 094 03 949 25 1694 72 26 936 36 1838 85 48 924 26 1 1985 99 71 911 12 2129 203 13 93 898 13 2276 27 096 16. 885 24 2420 40 39 873 25 2667 ' 64 61 869 36 2712 68 M 84 m (39-847 40-164 !7 1 2868 82 o 096 07 o 141 12 3003 96 g 29 129 13 3149 204 09 o 62 116 24 3294 23 74 ^p* 103 25 3440 37 97 090 36 3585 61 097 19 077 8 1 3731 64 42 064 12 3876 78 66 061 13 4023 92 87 039 24 4167 205 66 098 10 026 25 4314 20 33 013 36 4458 33 56 000 9 1 4605 47 78 39-987 12 4749 61 099 00 974 13 4896 76 23 962 24 5040 89 46 949 25 5187 206 03 69 986 36 5332 17 91 923 1 5478 81 100 14 910 12 6623 44 36 897 13 5769 Ml 59 ; 884 98 TABLE Y.— Continued. Latitude with Logarithms of Secant and Tangent for each. S«^tio°> and width of Quarter-Sectiofs CO I 31 32 33 34 35 36 CQ 24 25 36 1 12 13 24 25 36 1 12 13 24 25 36 1 12 13 24 25 36 1 12 13 24 25 36 1 12 13 24 25 36 12 I Latitude. Sec* 510-6914 6060 6205 6351 6496 6642 6787 6934 7078 7225 7369 7516 7660 7807 7951 61° .8098 8243 8389 8534 8680 8825 8971 9116 9262 9407 9553 9844 9989 620. 0135 0280 0427 0571 0718 0862 0-206 72 86 207 00 14 28 ; 42 56 70 84 99 208 12 26 40 64 68 0-208 82 96 209 10 24 38 62 66 80 94 210 08 22 36 61 65 79 93 211 07 21 36 60 I Tan.* o o o 0-100 82 101 05 27 60 72 95 102 18 41 63 86 i03 08 31 54 77 99 104 22 45 68 90 105 13 35 68 81 106 04 26 49 72 95 IM 17 40 63 86 108 08 31 . 64 o pH l-t .§ Quarter- Section. 1 •■a o r2 « 5t3 o Eh OQ Q 5 13 1009 64 77 040 24 1153 78 99 026 26 1300 92' 109 22 013 36 1444 212 06 45 000 7 1 1691 21 68 39 -987 12 1735 35 90 974 13 1882 49 110 13 960 24 2027 63 36 947 26 2173 77 69 934 36 2318 92 Si • 921 B 1 2464 213 06 111 04 907 12 2609 20 27 894 13 2765 34 60 881 24 2900 49 73 86 '< 26 3046 63 86 865 36 3191 77 112 18 39-841- 40-160 > 1 3337 92 S 41 8 147 12 3482 214 06 64 ^^ 134 13 3628 20 § 87 Q 120 24 3773 34 • 113 09 O 107 26 3919 49 o 32 o 093 36 4064 63 65 080 1 4210 77 78 067 12 4366 92 114 01 063 13 4601 216 06 24 040 24 4646 20 46 027 26 4794 85 69 013 36 4937 49 92 000 1 62O'6084 0-215 64 0*116 15 39-987 • 12 6228 78 38 973 13 6371 92 61 960 24 661^ 216 07 83 946 26 6666 21 116 06 933 36 5810 35 29 920 I 1 6967 50 52 906 12 1 «101 64 75 893 n\ ■'®S?»*i**»!6JBSB*«» 100 TABLE Y,—C(mtime-0031 0176 0321 0467 0612 0768 0903 1048 1196 , Sec. * 0-216 79 93 217 08 22 37 61 66 80 95 218 09 24 38 63 67 82 96 219 11 26 40 66 69 84 98 220 13 28 42 67 71 221 01 16 30 46 69 £•3 Tan. ^ 04 O 74 0*116 98 117 21 44 66 89 118 12 36 68 81 119 04 27 49 73 96 120 18 41 64 87 121 10 83 66 79 122 02 26 48 70 93 123 16 39 86 124 08 31 64 77 (4 Wo Quarter- Section. 39-879 s 853 ■ 39-839 , 40-162 149 136 122 108 096 081 068 «64 041 027 014 090 39-986 973 950 946 932 919 906 891 878 864 861 39-837 40-164 161 137 123 110 096 082 0^ 101 for eaoh Quarter- Section. 39-879 866 853 ■ 39-839 . 40-162 149 136 122 108 095 081 068 «64 041 ' 027 014 090 39-986 973 950 946 932 919 905 891 878 864 661 39-837 40-164 161 137 123 110 096 082 068 TIBLE Y.-Contimed. Latitude with Logarithms of Secant and Tangent for each Section, aad width of Quarter-Sections. t o 49 60 51 62 63 64 o •a o CQ 12 13 24 25 36 1 12 13 24 25 36 1 12 13 24 25 36 1 12 13 24 25 36 I 12 13 24 25 36 1 12 13 24 26 36 I Latitade. 63" -1340 1486 1631 1777 1922 2068 2213 2369 2604 2660 2795 2941 3086 3233 3377 3624 8ec. i> 3816 3969 4106 4250 4397 4641 4688 4832 4979 6133 6270 6414 6561 670S 6862 6996 S143 6287 6434 0-221 89 222 04 18 33 48 63 77 92 223 07 22 36 61 66 81 96 224 10 26 40 66 70 85 226 00 14 29 44 69 74 89 226 04 19 34 49 63 79 93 227 08 u e 2 -a So Tan. ^ S 0-126 00 23 46 69 92 126 15 38 61 84 127 07 30 63 76 99 128 22 46 68 91 129 14 37 60 83 130 06 ao 63 76 99 131 23 46 68 »1 132 14 37 60 133 07 o a Juarter- section. S o s 40- 055 041 027 014 OOO 39-986 972 958 946 931 91T 903 88a. 875 861 848 89-834 40-166 153 139 125 111 09T 083 06». 056 042 028 014 Ooo 39-986 973^. 968 94( 930 917 ^3 '!■■ i I 102 TABLE Y.— Continued. Latitude with Logarithms of Secant and Tangeant for each Seouon, and width of Quarter-Sections. i a o •a o GQ 65 61 58 69 1 12 13 24 26 36 1 12 13 24 26 36 1 12 13 24 25 36 Latitude. 12 13 24 26 36 1 12 13 24 25 36 66 1 12 13 24 26 36 Sec. t 63«»'6678 6725 6869 7016 7160 7307 7451 7698 7742 7889 8033 8180 8324 8471 8616 8762 8906 9062 9197 9343 9488 9634 9779 9926 640. 0070 0216 0361 06a7 0662 0798 0943 1089 1234 100A .30V 1626 0-227 23 38 63 68 83 99 228 13 I 29 44 69 74 89 229 04 19 34 49 64 79 95 230 10 26 40 66 I 70 85 231 01 16 31 46 62 77 92 232 07 23 ; 88 a S Q Tan. ^ o 0-133 30 63 76 99 134 22 46 68 91 136 14 38 61 84 136 07 30 63 77 137 0* 23 46 j 69 I 92 138 16 39 62 86 189 08 31 66 Quarter- Section. CO o 78 140 01 24 48 11 84 1 141 17 39-890 876 861 847 f 39-833 I 40-169 156 140 126 112 098 084 070 056 042 028 014 000 39-986 972 958 944 930 916 901 887 873 869 846 [39-831 [40-171 167 142 128 114 100 OSS lU.'i 39-890 876 861 847 ■ 39-833 . 40-169 165 140 126 112 098 084 070 066 042 028 014 OOO 39-986 972 968 844 930 918 901 887 878 16T 142 128 lU 100 086 TABLE Y.--^ontinued, Xatixude with Logarithms of Secant and Tangent for each Section, and width of Quarter-Sections. «0 ^61 «2 €3 «4 «6 § 1 12 13 24 25 36 1 12 13 24 26 36 1 12 13 24 25 36 1 12 13 24 25 36 I 12 13 24 25 36 1 12 13 24 25 36 Latitude. Sec. ^ 64° -1671 1816 1962 2107 2253 2398 2644 2689 2835 2980 3126 3271 3417 3562 3708 3863 3999 4144 4290 4436 4681 4725 4872 5016 6163 6307 6464 6598 6746 6889 6036 6180 6327 6471 6618 6762 0'232 63 68 84 99 233 14 29 46 60 76 91 234 06 21 37 62 68 83 98 236 14 29 45 60 76 91 236 06 22 27 63 68 84 99 0-237 16 30 46 61 77 92 2-3 Tan.* S o s 0-141 41 64 87 142 10 34 67 80 143 03 27 60 73 96 144 20 43 66 146 13 36 69 83 146 06 29 63 76 99 147 22 46 69 93 148 16 •148 39 63 86 149 C9 33 66 Quarter Section. S 40-071 087 043 028 014 000 39-986 971 967 943 929 914 900 886 872 857 843 f 39-829 1 40' 173 168 144 130 115 101 086 072 058 043 029 014 000 39-986 971 957 942 928 918 ttj'l 104 TABLE Y.— Continued. Latitude, with Logarithms of Secant and Tangent for eaob Section, and width of Quarter-Sections. o 67 99 70 n a o V3 w a> QQ 1 12 13 24 2S 36 1 12 13 24 26 36 1 12 13 24 26 36 1 12 13 24 26 36 1 12 IS 24 26 36! 1 12 13 24; 26, 36 Latitude. Sec. * 540- 6909 7063 7199 7344 7490 7635 7781 7926 8072 8il7 8363 8508 8654 8799 8946 9090 8336 9381 0527 9672 9818 9962 65°-0109 0^53 040a 0544 9«91 9835 0y82, 1126 1274 1417, 1563 1768 i ld54 1999 I 0-238 08 24 39 66 70 86 ! 239 02 17 33 49 64 80 96 240 11 27 43 68 74 90 m 06 21 37 63 68 84 242 00 16 31 63 79 J 96: 343 11 26; i 42i 68 (4 I" 2-3 Tau. o 0-149 89 150 03 26 60 73 96 151 20 43 67 90 162 13 37 84 153 07 31 64 77 154 01 24 48 71 95 165 18 42 66 89 156 12 36 69 <67 Qji 3Q J 77 168 DC $-1 s 8 o Quartet" Section. 39-899 884 870 856 841 ("39-827 140-I7f 161 146 131 117 102 088 073 068 044 029- 016 OOO 39-986 971 956 941 927 912 898 88» 868 854 839 '39-824 .40-177 163 148 133 118 104 089u 105- t for eaol^ Quartej^ Section. 39-899 884 870 866 841 f39-82T l40-l7f 161 146 131 117 102 088 073 068 044 029 015 000 39-98S 971 966 941 927 912 898 883^ 868 864 839 [39-824 [40-177 163 148 133 118 104 089^ TABLE v.— Continued, liATiTUDB, with Logarithms of Secant and Tangent for each Section, and width of Quarter-Section». 73 74 76 76 -12 25 36 1, 12 13' 24! 25 36 1 12 13 24 26 36 1 12 13 24, 26 J6 1 12 13 24 26 be, 1 12 -3 24 26 36 A '•i 3 t a o O ^ C^ 72 1 12 13 24 Latitude. 66«»-2145 2290 2436 ■ 2581 2727 2872 3018 3163 3309 3454 3600 3744 3891 4036 4182 4326 4473 4617 4764 4908 6Q64 6^99 6346 54S0 6636 8^81 6927 6072 6218 6363 6509 6664 6800 6944 7091 7235 Sec. ift 0-243 74 90 244 06 22 38 63 69 85 345 01 17 33 49 65 81 97 246 13 29 45 61 77 93 Ul 09 26 41 67 73 90 ^43 06 22 1 3« 64 70 86 249 02 19 8S a ■'--'•"■-- in-*ii-.M 'III im«Bi|ii.ifi if fi^ ... ^ ... 106 TABLE v.— Continued. Xatittde, ^th Logarithms of Secant and Tangent for each Section, and width of Qnarter-Sections. :78 t9 :80 «1 42 a o 1 12 13 24 2S 36 1 12 13 24 26 36 1 12 13 24 25 1 12 13 24 26 36 1 12 13 24 26 36 Latitude. Sec. ^ 660-7382 7626 7672 7817 7963 8108 8254 8399 8545 8690 8836 8981 9127 9272 9418 9662 9709 9863 66®'0000 0144 0291 0436 0681 0726 0872 1017 1163 1308 1464 1689 0-249 260 1 61 67 83 00 16 48 64 81 97 261 13 46 62 79 96 252 11 27 44 60 77 93 253 09 26 42 68 75 91 264 08 24 1- Tan.^ 3 0-166 74 98 167 21 46 69 92 168 16 40 64 87 169 11 36 69 82 170 06 30 64 77 171 01 26 49 72 96 172 20 44 68 92 173 15 39 63 m Qoarter- Section. 39-896 880 865 850 835 f 39 -820 140-182 167 162 137 122 10< 091 076 061 046 030 016 OOO 39-986 970 964 939 934 909 893 878 863 848 833 [39-817 [40-185 m at for eaoh TATILR VI —For finding the Pole Star. Qnarter- Section. 39*895 880 866 850 835 f 39 -820 140-182 167 162 137 122 10< 091 076 061 046 030 015 000 39-985 970 964 939 924 909 893 878 863 848 833 '39-817 .40-185 Azimuth. 3 5 . a! o « • % -ss •a. g5 b 1-4 ^ ^ 09 d *>• ^ ^ I o M H.V. O.IO 09 009 0-09 009 009 009 0^10 0^10 1-32 H.lf. 11.6/v 0.20 -18 •18 •18 •19 •19 •19 •20 •20 •21 •32 11*3? ■0.30 •26 •27 •27 •28 •28 •29 •30 ■30 •31 •31 11.2* 0.40 •36 •36 •36 -37 •38 •38 •39 •40 •41 -30 l\.(fi 0.60 •44 •45 •46 •47 •47 •48 •49 •60 •61 -29 llilO 1.00 •62 •63 •64 •66 •66 •57 •59 •60 •61 •28 11.00 1.10 •61 •62 •63 •64 •65 67 68 •70 •71 •26 10.60 1.20 •69 •70 •71 •73 •74 •75 •77 •79 •81 •24 10.40 1.30 •77 •78 •80 •81 •83 •85 •87 •89 •91 •22 10.30 1.40 •85 •87 •88 90 ■92 •94 96 •98 100 -20 10.20 1.60 93 •95 •96 •98 TOO 102 105 1-07 •09 •17 10.10 2.00 101 1^02 104 106 •08 -11 •13 •16 -18 •14 10.00 2.10 •08 •10 •12 •14 •17 •19 '22 •24 -27 -11 9.60 2.20 •15 •18 •20 •22 •24 •27 •30 •33 •36 •08 9.40 ^.30 •22 25 •27 •30 •32 •35 ■38 •41 •44 •05 9.30 12.40 •29 •32 •34 •37 •39 •42 •45 •49 •62 -01 9.20 2.60 •36 •38 •41 •44 •47 •6(' ■53 •66 •60 097 9.10 3.00 •42 •45 •48 •50 •53 •67 •60 •64 •67 •93 9.90 .3.10 •48 ■51 •54 •57 ■60 •63 •67 •70 •74 •89 8.60 3.20 •64 •67 •60 •63 •66 -70 •73 •77 •81 •85 8.40 -3.30 •60 •63 •66 •69 •72 •76 •80 •84 •88 •80 8.30 3.40 •65 •68 •71 •74 •78 •81 •85 •89 •94 •76 8.20 3.60 •70 •73 •76 •79 •83 •87 •91 '96 •99 •71 8.10 -4.00 •74 •77 •81 •84 •88 •92 •96 2 00 2 06 •66 8.00 4.10 •78 •82 •85 •89 •92 •96 201 •05 •10 •61 7.60 4.20 •82 •86 •89 •93 •97 2 01 •05 •10 •14 •66 7.40 4.30 •86 •89 •93 •97 201 06 •09 •14 •19 -61 7.30 4.40 •89 •92 •96 2 •00 ■04 •08 •13 •17 •22 -46 7.20 4.60 •92 •95 •99 •03 •07 -11 •16 •21 •26 •40 7.10 «.00 •94 •98 2^02 •06 •10 •14 •19 23 •28 •34 7.00 .6.10 •96 2 00 •04 •08 •12 •16 •lil •26 •n •29 6.60 6.20 •98 •02 •06 •10 •14 •18 ••/3 •28 •.33 •23 6.40 i).30 2-(i0 •03 •07 •11 •15 •20 ■24 •29 •36 •17 6.30 6.40 •01 •04 •08 •12 •16 •21 ■25 •30 •36 •12 6.20 5.50 •01 •05 •09 •13 •17 •21 •2H •31 •36 •06 6.10 6.00 •01 •06 •09 •13 -17 •21 •26 •31 •37 •00 6.00 ii 108 TABLE yil.-For finding the Tim6 M* B. or 12 1 or 13 a cr 14 3 or 16 4 or 16 Sor 17 6 or 18 B. u. 10 20 30 40 SO 00 10 20 30 40 60 00 10 20 30 40 60 00 10 20 30 40 60 00 10 20 30 40 60 00 10 20 30 40 60 00 10 20 30 40 50 Qo 1-13926 '43996 •61642 •73933 •83606 6« 1-91270 97782 2 03376 -08264 •12564 •16412 2-19866 •22991 •25828 •28414 •30776 •32938 2-34918 •36732 •38394 -39916 •41306 -425721 2-437221 44763 •45697 •46529 •472«i •47911 •44091 61627 74020 •33688 1 •91365 •97864 2 03456 -08332 -12643 -16489 2-19943 •23065 •26900 •28484 -30841 •33003 10«» 1-14019 1-14114 M4176 2-34980 •36791 •38449 -39969 -4M57 -4:i6l9 2-43767 -4J803 -45734 •46662 •47297 •47937 •44170 -61721 •74107 -83677 -81440 -97950 •03539 •08415 12723 •16666 2-20016 -23139 -26971 -28564 -30910 -33068 16<» Declination 20° 26° 30' •442«4 -6l80i •74194 •83766 1 •91629 98046 2-03627 08500 12808 16t;i9 2-20096 •23216 -26046 -28626 •30980 •33136 1- 14301(1 -14396 •44358 -44461 618991 -62003 2-35042 2-35106 2-36174 -74288 •83860 1'91619 •98127 2 03715 08536 12892 16732 2-20181 -23297 -26124 -28702 31062 -33205 •74390 83964 •84067 r917l9 98223 2.03810 08682 12985 16823 2 -20268 •23381 •26207 •28782 •31131 M448» 44660 62107 7460O- 2-48462 •48927 -49304 •49696 •49803 •49927 2-49969 -49927 -49803 -49596 -49304 ■48927 2-48^6 -48946 -49319 •49607 •49811 •49931 2 •49969)2 ^49969 •49923 • •36977 -38627 -40137 •41614 •42767 !- 43906 -44929 -46860 -46668 -47392 -48021 2-48567 -49006 -49367 -49643 -49836 •49944 2 •49969 •49911 •49772 '49649 •49241 2-35247 '37046 '38693 -40199 •41672 •42820 2 •43966 •44977 •46894 •46708 '47428 '48051 2 '48683 '49028 •49385 •49667 •49844 -49948 1 •91824 •98327 2^03914 •08782 •13085 •16921 2 •20363 •23476 •26298 • 28868 •31214 •33280 '33361 2-49969 •49907 •49763 •49536 •49223 •48826 2 •35324 •S'120 •38762 •40264 •41636 '42880 2'4401O '46028 •46941 •46749- •47466 •48084 2 •48612: '49062: -49406 ■49671 '49863 -49962 20*» 260 2 '49969 '49903 •49764 '49621 •48802 30O Declination 109 g the Timd Declination 26° 30° •1439 5 1-14489 •4446 1 •44660 •6200 3 •621«r •7439 D •74800 •8398' t •84067 •91711 ) 1-91824 9822: } -98327 038 1 ( ) 2-03914 08682 •08782 1298S •13085 16823 -16921 20268 2-20363 23381 •23475 26207 -26298 28782 - 28868 31131 •31214 33280 •33361 35247 2-35324 37046 •3;i20 )8693 •38762 10199 •40264 11672 •41636 12820 •42880 13956 2-440IO 4977 -45028 6894 •46941 6708 -46749> 7428 •47465 8051 •48084 8683! I -48612 90:j8 •49062: 9385 •49405 9657 •49671 »844 •49883 )948 •49962 )969 2 •49969 >907 '49903 >763 •49784 >536 •49621 223 •48203 826 •48802. Q SO© ecliaation by Transits arrows the vertical of Polaris. North. 36«> 40" 45° 60° 66° 60° H. H. U. 1-14613 1-14768 1-14922 1-15106 1-16320 1-15626 11 or 23 60 •44686 •44824 •44979 •45163 •46393 -45682 40 •62232 •62366 •62521 -62706 6J931 •63225 30 20 -74617 •7474!» -74904 •75089 •75312 • 75603 •84180 •84317 •84466 -84662 •8J874 -85163 10 1-91939 1.92070 1-92226 1-92402 1-92624 1-92906 11 or 23 00 •98444 •98574 -98722 -98900 •99118 •99401 10 or 22 60 ^-04025 2-04155 2-04301 2-04477 2-04693 2 04969 40 -08895 •09019 -09167 •09339 •09552 •09823 ^0 •13 '94 -13316 -13459 •13628 -13836 •14101 20 •1702. •17149 -17286 •17452 -17658 •17918 10 2-20466 2 -20566 2-20721 2-20884 2 -21082 2^21338 10 cr 22 00 •23575 •23697 -23825 .23982 -24178 •24425 9 01 21 60 •26397 -265n7 -26637 •26793 -26980 •27221 40 10 •28966 -29072 -29199 •29347 -29531 •29763 -31306 -31412 -31534 •31677 -31854 -32079 •33449 •33562 -33P68 •33806 "33977 -34193 2 -36409 2-35507 2 35618 2-35751 2-35916 2 -36124 9 or 21 00 -37201 -37295 -37401 •37628 -37685 - 37883 8 or 20 60 •38841 •38929 -39032 -39161 -39301 -39491 40 30 20 10 •40339 -40422 "40620 -40634 -40775 -40955 •41706 -41783 •41876 -41984 -42116 -42287 •42946 -43022 •43104 -43206 -43331 -43491 2-44070 2-44140 2-44218 2 -44314 2-44430 2 -44679 8 or 20 00 -46083 •45148 -46220 -45307 -45415 -46553 7 or 19 50 •46992 •46050 -46117 -46197 -46295 -46421 40 30 20 10 •46796 -46849 -46911 -46982 -47071 -47186 •47606 -47554 -47608 -47673 •47753 •47856 •48122 -48163 -48210 -48267 -48337 •48429 ^•48643 2 48678 2-48721 2-48769 2-48830 2 -48907 7 or 19 00 •49077 -49108 -49142 -49184 -49234 •49300 6 or 18 60 •49425 -49449 •49477 -49510 -49650 •49603 40 30 20 10 •49687 -49706 -49726 •49751 -49782 •49821 •49864 49876 •49890 -49907 -49927 •49964 •49968 -49965 •49972 -49979 -49989 •60003 2-49969 2 -49969 2-49969 2-49969 2-49969 2-49969 6 or 18 00 •49897 -49890 •49883 -49875 -49865 -49852 6 or 17 80 ' •49742 •49730 •49717 -49700 •49679 ■49652 40 80 20 10 •49606 -49486 •49465 •49440 •49410 -49370 '49182 •49158 -49130 -49097 •49056 -49003 •48776 •48746 •48711 -48668 •48618 •48551 60° 36« 40<» 46° 50° 55° Soath. t-t' 110 TABLE Vrr.~For finding the Timo by Transits 7 or 19 8 or 20 9 or 21 10 or 22 11 01 23 00 10 20 30 40 60 00 10 20 80 40 SO 00 10 20 30 40 60 00 10 20 30 40 60 00 10 20 30 40 60 DecliuAtlon 0» 6" 2-48462 •47'Jll •472&'^ •4«fl2i) •45697 •44762 2^43722| ■42672 '41306 3991,'. 38394 •36732 2^34918 •32938 •30776 •28414 •25828 •22991 10« 2^1 •16412 •12564 •08254 2-03375, 1-97782 1 J •48440 •47885 •47239 •4'J497 •4S6(J1 ■44722 2-43(578 •42524 •4lL'56 •39861 •38;{39 •36672 2-34856 2 •32873 '30709 •28344 •25766 •22917 •47858 •47208 •46463 •46623 •44682 16° •47828 •47176 •46t26 •46")83 •44638 20«> 260 30» ^'■Ijlnl ^'f^o^c! 2"''«369 2^48341 2-483ia 2-43635 2^43589 •42477 •4121)7 •39H08 •38281 •36613 '■12428 •41 154 •39752 •38222 •36551 r91270 •83506 • 73933 •61542 •43996 •13925 0*» •19789 •16334 •12486 •08170 •03294 •97699 I 34794 -32807 '30641 •28274 •25684 •22843 •19714 -16266 •12406 •08092 •47802 •47144 •46390 •46543 •44596 2^43540 •42376 •41098 •39693 •38(61 •36486 2^34729 2 •34661 32746 •32669 30670 ^30496 •47771 -47108 •46351 •46500 •44346 2-43489 •42322 •41039 •39630 •38093 •36416 •47738 •47070 •46301^ -46462 •44496 2-4343» ■42261 '40974 30564 3802a 36340 •28201 '26610 •22766 2 ■19634 •ltil73 •123201 •08005 •28124 •26529 •22683 •19649 2 •16089 ■ ' 2236 2 •34687 2-34608 32593 -32510 •03209 2-03121 ■97612 1-97516 1-91185 1-91100 -83423 •73846 •61458 -43902 -13830 6«> -83334 -73769 -61363 -43823 -13735 10» 1-91009 •83246 •73672 -612781 •43727 •13672 16» 07918 2 •03032 r 97433 1-90918 •83149 •7367« •61183 •43632 •13646 •30U7 •28042 •25446 -22698 •19469 •16996 •12139 •07820 02934 97336 20* 1 •90816 •83046 •73472 I •61077 •43537 •13450 26= •30333 •27965 •26363 •22602 •19362 •16897 •1203T •07718 •02829 I • 97230 1 '90709 •82937 •73360 •60970 •4342ft •13354 SO* Declination lit by Transits Decliuation 26» 30» •4834 1 2-483ia •4777 1 •47738 •4710J i • 47070 •4635 •4630J^ •4650( ) '46462 •4454t i •4449& •43488 > 2 -4343* •42321! •42261 41039 •40974 39630 •3S664 38093 •3802a 36416 •36340 34687 2-34608 32593 '32610 30417 •30333 28042 •27965 2S446 •26363 22698 '22602 19469 2-19362 15996 •16897 12139 •1203T )7820 •0771» 2934 2'0282» 7336 I •97230 0816 ] L '90709 3046 •82937 3472| •73360 1077 '60970 3537 •4342S 3450 •13364 5° 30«» eciination across the vortical of VolAriB^Conduded. North. 36" 2 '48281 •47701 •47029 •4626 •46400 •44430 2-43372 '42195 •40904 •39487 '37944 •36267 2 '34422 '32420 •30237 •27864 •26261 •22398 2*19267 •16788 •11926 •07602 2-02716 1*97109 1 -90690 •82821 •73239 •60842 •43297 ■1322« 36« 40O 2-4P24'i •47659 •46981 •4621 "J 4634-2 •44373 2-43302 '42116 '40824 •39403 •37863 •36162 2-34321 -32316 '30129 '27746 •25137 '22276 2-191 • 1 5R« t •iisw •07475 2 02680 J 96974 r 90466 ■82679 -73102 60703 -43162 •13066 40* South. 46«» 60» 2-48203 2-48164 •47611 •47663 •46y.;6 •46860 •4fJM(J •16072 •46'J74 •45192 ■44300 •44211 2^432^2 2-43123 •42032 -41927 •40730 •40618 -39303 •39186 •37747 •37623 -36051 -36921 2 -34207 •32196 •30003 ■27614 •26(KW 141 ■2 -18994 15518 •11651 ■07220 2-02428 1-96820 r 90293 '82623 •72941 ■60541 •42991 •12905 2 •34068 •32062 •29866 •27460 .'4841 21977 2^18822 '15346 •11474 '07140 2 '02243 1-96633 1-90108 '82393 •72746 •60347 •42797 •12710 46» 60«» 65«» •4748 •46779 •45980 •45091 •44099 2-43005 •41799 •40481 ■39039 37468 •36767 2 •33897 31873 •29669 •27268 •24645 •21772 2-18614 •16128 -11264 -06916 2-02015 1-96402 1-89873 -82092 •72609 •60108 -42553 •12483 2^48093 2-48014 •47!8S ■4H(;73 •4f.Sti'2 ■44961 -43967 2-42849 -41633 -40303 •38851 '37269 '36549 2-33678 •31646 -29432 •27021 •24388 -21608 2-18341 •14861 •10972 •06626 2-01720 1-96099 1 89570 •81783 •7219S •69 y, •42243 -12156 60O or 17 or 16 00 60- 40 SO- SO 1» 4 or 16 00 3 or 16 60 40 30 t» 10 3 or 16 OO 2 or 14 60 4(K 80 » 10 2 or 14 1 or 13 00 60 40 80 80 10 1 or 13 OO- or 12 60 40 80 30 10- «' 112 TABLE VIII. For Converting Chains into Decimals of a Township side. Equivalent decimal Equivalent decimal Equivalent decimal of a of a of a cj Townsliip side. .a si Township side. 3 Township side. 1 N. or S. E. or W. N. or S. E. or W. N. or S. E. or W. side. side. O 9 side. side. 70 side. side. 1 •00206 ■00207 •01852 •01863 •14403 •14493 2 •00412 ■00411 80 •16461 •16563 3 •00617 ■00621 10 •02058 •02070 90 ■18618 •18634 4 •00823 •00828 20 •04115 •04141 30 •06173 •06211 100 •20676 •20704 5 •01029 •01035 40 ■08230 ■08282 200 •41152 ■41408 a ■01235 ■01242 300 •61728 ■62112 7 ■01440 ■01449 50 •10288 •10362 400 •82304 ■82816 8 •01646 •01656 60 •12346 •12422 TABLE IX. €oRREOTioN to width of Eoad Allowance on Correction Lines. »> o 00 40 •283 25 41 •290 61 42 •297 1 16 43 •304 42 44 •311 2 07 45 •318 33 46 •325 68 47 •332 3 24 48 •340 49 49 •347 4 16 50 •354 40 61 •361 6 06 52 •368 31 53 •375 57 54 •383 6 22 55 •389 47 56 •396 7 13 67 •403 38 58 •410 8 03 69 •417 29 60 0-424 55 61 •432 9 20 62 •439 46 63 •446 10 11 64 •453 37 65 •460 11 02 66 •467 28 67 •474 53 68 •481 12 19 69 •488 12 44 70 •495 13 09 71 •502 35 72 •509 14 00 73 •616 26 74 •523 51 76 •531 16 17 76 -538 42 77 •545 16 08 78 •562 33 79 -569 2 • Q a 00 '^ a? CO 59 17 24 60 18 15 41 19 06 31 67 20 22 48 21 13 39 22 04 30 66 23 21 46 24 12 37 25 02 25 28 63 26 19 44 27 10 35 28 01 26 62 29 17 43 30 08 33 59 31 24 60 32 15 41 33 06 32 a 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 •A >■ •H o 666 673 580 687 594 601 608 615 622 630 637 644 651 658 666 672 679 686 693 700 707 714 721 729 736 743 750 757 761 771 778 785 792 799 806 813 820 828 835 842 II CO a t >t 67 120 34 23 121 48 122 35 13 123 39 124 36 04 126 30 126 56 127 37 21 128 46 129 38 12 130 37 131 39 '03 132 28 133 64 134 40 19 136 44 136 41 10 137 35 138 42 01 139 26 140 52 141 43 17 142 43 143 44 08 144 34 145 59 146 45 24 147 50 148 46 15 149 41 47 06 32 67 48 23 48 49 14 39 60 06 30 Q "3 . a o -".2 ^ en Q 849 856 863 870 877 884 891 898 905 912 919 927 934 941 948 965 962 969 976 983 990 997 004 Oil 018 ■026 ..33 •U40 •047 •054 a a •a o OQ -^ bST So 60 65 51 21 46 52 12 37 63 03 28 64 54 19 4S 55 10 35 56 01 26 62 67 17 43 58 08 34 69 59 25 60 60 16 41 61 OS 32 67 62 23 48 63 39 ns from 1 •A (> •^ • pH <* . Q Sa , ■a o OS a o .3 o ^ en i Q t» • «> 0-849 60 66 •856 61 21 •863 46 •870 52 12 •877 37 •884 63 03 ■891 28 •898 64 •905 64 19 •912 45 •919 56 10 •927 35 •934 56 01 •941 26 ■948 62 •955 57 17 •962 43 •969 58 08 •976 34 •983 69 •990 69 25 •997 60 r004 60 18 •Oil 41 •018 61 06 •026 32 'j33 67 •U40 62 23 •047 48 •054 63 39 > TABLE Xir. Addition and Subtraction Logarithms. 115 A. 5-0 ^•0 1 2 3 4 5 7-0 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 8 9 S^OO 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 4-10 11 12 13 14 15 16 2 7 BOO 0000 00 0004 0005 0007 0009 0011 0014 0017 0022 0027 0034 00 0043 0055 0069 0087 0109 0137 0173 0217 0273 0344 0432 0442 0452 0463 0474 0485 0496 0507 0519 0531 0-0 0543 0556 0569 0582 0595 0609 0623 0638 0662 0667 0001 0004 0006 0007 0009 0011 0014 0018 0022 0028 0035 0044 0056 0070 0089 0111 0140 0177 0222 0280 0352 0433 0443 0453 0464 0475 0486 0497 0508 0520 0532 0545 0557 0670 0583 0597 OGll 0626 0639 0664 0669 0001 0006 0006 0007 0009 0011 0014 0018 0023 0029 0036 0046 0057 0072 0091 0114 0144 0181 0227 0286 0360 0434 0444 0454 0465 0476 0487 0498 051U 0521 0533 0546 (56s 0571 0586 0598 0612 0626 0641 0656 0671 OOOl 0006 0006 0007 0009 0012 0016 0019 0023 0029 0037 0047 0059 0074 0093 0117 0147 0185 0233 0293 0368 0435 0445 0456 u4tjb 0477 0488 t)4i'9 0511 0523 0535 0547 0660 0573 0586 0599 0613 0628 0642 0657 0672 0001 0005 0006 0008 0010 0012 0015 0019 0024 0030 0038 0048 0060 0075 0096 0119 0160 01b9 0238 0299 0377 0436 0446 0457 0467 0478 0489 0500 0512 0624 0536 054R 0561 0574 0587 0601 0615 0629 0644 0658 0674 0001 0005 0006 0008 0010 0012 0015 0019 0024 0031 0039 0049 0061 0077 0097 0122 0164 0194 0244 0306 0385 0437 0447 0458 (i46S Of 79 0490 0502 0513 0525 0537 0550 0562 0575 0589 0602 0616 •630 0645 •660 0676 0002 0005 0006 0008 0010 0013 0016 0020 0025 0031 0040 0050 0063 0079 0099 0125 0157 0193 0249 0313 0394 0438 0448 0459 0469 0480 0491 0503 0514 0526 0538 0551 0564 0577 0002 0003 0006 0006 0008 0010 0013 0016 0020 0026 0032 0041 0051 0064 0081 0102 0128 0161 0203 0255 0321 0403 0439 0449 0460 0470 0481 0005 0007 0008 0010 0013 0017 0021 0026 0033 0041 0052 0066 0083 0104 0131 0165 0207 0261 0328 0413 0440 0460 0461 0471 0482 A. 0492 0494 0504 0516 0527 0540 0662 0565 0578 0690 0591 0604 0605 0618 0619 0632 0633 0646 0648 0661 0663 0677 0678 0505 0517 0629 0541 0553 0666 0579 0693 0606 0620 0635 0649 0664 0680 0003 0005 0007 0008 0011 0013 0017 0021 0027 GOU 0642 0053 0067 0085 0106 0134 0169 0212 6267 0336 0422 0441 0451 0462 0473 0483 04 6^0 60 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 d 7-0 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 8 9 8-00 01 02 •3 0495 0506 0518 0630 0542 0555 0567 0581 0694 0608 0622 0636 0651 0666 0681 05 06 07 08 09 8^10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 11) TABLE Xll~ Continued. Addition and Subtraction Logarithms. A. 8-20 21 22 23 2i 25 26 27 28 29 8-30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 89 8'40 41 42 43 44 00 CG83 0699 0715 0731 0748 0766 0783 0801 0820 0839 BO-0 0868 0878 0898 0919 0910 0963 09S4 1006 1030 1953 0-0 1077 1102 1128 1163 1180 06^4 0686 45 1207 46 1235 47 1263 48 1292 49 1322 8-60 1362 51 1383 62 1415 63 1447 64 1480 66 1514 66 1549 6r 1584 68 1621 69 }658 a-60 1«9S I '. 1 0700 0716 0733 0760 0767 0785 0803 0822 0841 0860 C880 0900 0921 0942 0964 0986 1009 1032 1056 1080 1105 1130 1156 1183 1210 1238 1266 1295 1325 1355 1386 1418 0702 0718 0735 0752 0769 0787 0805 0823 0842 0862 0882 0902 0923 0914 0966 0988 1011 1034 1058 1082 1107 1133 1159 1185 1213 1240 1269 1298 1328 1358 1389 1421 0688 0703 0720 073S 0753 0771 0789 0807 0825 0814 0864 0884 0904 0925 0946 0968 0990 1013 1037 0689 0705 0721 0738 0765 0773 0790 0809 0827 0846 0866 0886 0906 0927 0948 0970 0993 1016 1039 1060 1063 1450 1454 1484 1487 1618 1662 1688 1624 1661 1699 1085 1110 1135 1161 1188 1215 1243 1272 1301 1331 1087 1112 1138 1164 1191 1218 1246 1275 1304 1334 0691 0707 0723 0740 0757 0774 0792 0810 0829 0848 0868 0888 0908 0929 0951 0973 0995 1018 1041 0692 0708 0725 0741 0759 0776 0794 0812 0831 0850 0870 0890 0910 0931 0953 0975 0997 1020 1044 0694 0710 0726 0743 0760 1065 1068 1361 1364 13931 1396 1521 1666 1691 > 1695 1424 1457 1490 1625 1559 1628 166Q 1703 1632 1669 1707 1428 14C0 1494 1528 1663 1699 1635 1673 1711 1090 1115 1140 1167 1193 1221 1249 1278 1307 1337 1368 1399 1431 1464 1497 1631 1666 1602 1639 1676 1716 1092 1117 1143 1169 1196 1199 1224 1252 1280 1310 1340 1371 1402 1434 1467 1601 1535 1570 1606 1643 1680 1719 0796 0814 0833 0862 0872 0892 0912 0933 0955 0977 0999 1022 1046 1070 1095 1120 1146 1172 0696 0712 0728 0745 0762 0778 0780 0798 0816 0835 0854 0874 0894 0915 0936 0957 0959 1228 1255 _ 12831 1286 0979 1002 1025 1048 1073 1097 1122 1148 1175 1202 1229 1257 f.97 0713 0730 0747 0764 ^0781 0799 0818 0837 0856 0876 0896 0917 0938 8'20- 21 28 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 8-30 31 32 33 34 36 3& 37 3a 10751 39 0981 1004 10^7 1051 1313 1343 1374 1405 1437 1470 1504 1538 1574 1610 1646 1684 1722 1316 1346 1377 1408 1441 1474 1607 1642 1677 1613 1660 1688 lt26 1100 1125 1151 1177 1204 1232 1260 1289 1319 1349 1380 1412 1444 1477 1511 1646 1681 1617 1654 1692 1730 8 '40 41 42 43 44 46 46 47 48 49 8-60 61 62 63 64 66 l« 57 88 69 8-60 ' 9 A. r;97 8-20- 0713 21 0730 22 0747 23 0764 24 S0781 2& 0799 26 0818 27 0837 28 0856 29 0876 8-30 0896 31 0917 32 0938 33 0959 34 0981 3S 1004 3& 10;i7 37 1051 3» 1075 39 1100 1125 1151 1177 1204 1232 1260 1289 1319 1349 1380 1412 1444 1477 1511 1545 1581 1617 1654 1692 1730 8-40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 4d 8-60 61 62 63 64 66 le 67 88 69 8-60' TABLE XIII. Latitude 50°. 117 H. H. 0.00 1.00 2.00 2.30 3.09 3.30 4.00 4.30 .00 6.30 6.00 6.30 DECLINATION North. 25* 20° 0-4 0-6 0-5 8 0-6 0-7 09 10 1-2 1-6 2-0 2-8 0-6 06 0-7 0-7 08 9 10 1-2 1-5 1-9 2-6 3 9 0.00 1.00 S.OO 2.30 3.00 3.30 4.00 4.30 6.00 6.30 6.00 6.30 16* 0-7 0-7 08 0-8 09 1-1 0-5 0-6 06 0-6 0-6 0-7 0-6 08 0-7 0-9 0-8 10 10 11 11 1-3 1-3 1-6 16 1-9 2-9 2-6 2-7 1 35 0-7 0-8 0-9 0-9 10 1-1 1-3 1-6 1-9 2-5 36 5-2 lOO 0-8 0-8 0-9 6<» 5-4 1-0 10 11 12 1-3 1-5 18 2-3 31 4-8 1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-6 1-9 2-3 30 4-4 87 Declination South. 1-4 1-4 1-6 1 7 2-0 2-3 30 4-2 7-5 10« 1-6 1-7 19 2-2 2-5 3 1 4-2 6 9 15» 2-0 21 2-5 2-8 3-3 4-5 7 20<' 2-6 2-8 3-3 26» S 3-5 3 8 4-9 3 9 I 6-2 5 7-7 H. H. 12.00 11.00 10.00 9.30 9.00 8.30 8.00 7.30 7.00 6.30 6.00 6.30 Latitude 53°. 09 0-9 1-0 11 1-2 1-4 1-6 1-9 2-5 3-4 5-4 11 1-1 1-2 1-3 1-6 1-7 20 2-6 3-3 51 2 5 33 4 9 97 • 3-4 49 90 1-9 2-0 2-2 •i-h 2-9 3tj 5 1 90 2 4 2-5 2-9 33 4 1 5-6 06 3 1 3 3 41 50 67 46 49 67 »3 12.00 11.00 10.00 9.30 9.00 8.30 8.00 7.30 7.00 6.30 6.00 6.30 y