IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) A % 1.0 I.I 11.25 150 ""^^ lu 13/, ii u Ui ^ li£ 12.0 lii 1^ |2.2 Mi I nffll 1.4 11.6 6" /. ^J" ^ »* 7 /A Photograohic Scienr,8S Corpomtion \ iV ^ "i? <^ V <> "5^. 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. M5S0 (716) 872-4S03 CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHIVI/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Instltut Canadian de microreproductlons historiques Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes techniques et bibliographiques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibliographically unique, which may alter any of the images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming, are checked below. D D D D D D D / Coloured covers/ Couverture de couleur I I Covers damaged/ Couverture endommag6e Covers restored and/or laminated/ Couverture restaurde et/ou pellicul^e □ Cover title missing/ Le titre de couverture manque I I Coloured maps/ Cartes gdographiques en couleur Coloured inl( (i.e. other than blue or black)/ Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur Bound with other material/ Re\\6 avec d'autres documents Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin/ La re liure serr^e peut causer de I'ombre ou de la distortion le long de la marge iritdrieure Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajout6es lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans le texte, mais, lorsque cela 6tait possible, ces pages n'ont pas 6t6 filmdes. L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire qu'il lui a dt6 possible de se procurer. Les ddtails de cet exemplaire qui sont peut-dtre uniques du point de vue bibliographique, qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une modification dans la mdthode normale de filmage sont indiquds ci-dessous. □ Coloured pages/ Pages de couleur □ Pages damaged/ Pages endommagdes □ Pages restored and/or laminated/ Pages restaurdes et/ou pellicul6es Q Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ Pages ddcolordes, tachetdes ou piqudes □ Pages detached/ Pages ddtachdes Showthrough/ Transparence Quality of prir Quality indgale de I'impression Includes supplementary materii Comprend du matdriel suppldmentaire Only edition available/ Seule Edition disponible Fyl Showthrough/ I I Quality of print varies/ I I Includes supplementary material/ I I Only edition available/ D Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Les pages totalement ou partiellement obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une pelure, etc., ont 6td filmdes d nouveau de fagon d obtenir la meilleure image possible. Additional comments:/ Commentaires suppldmentaires: Irregular pagination : [1] - 24, 17 - 22 p. This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est film6 au taux de reduction indiqud ci-dessous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 26X 30X s/ 12X 16X 20X 24X 28X 32X Th« copy filmed hars hat baan raproducad thanka to tha ganaroaity of: Library Diviiion Provincial Archival of British Columbia Tha Imagaa appearing hara ara tha bast quaiity poaaibia conaidaring tho condition and lagibility of tha original copy and in Itaaping with tha filming contract apacificationa. Original copiaa in printad papar covart ara filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the iaat page with a printed or iliuatratad impres- sion, or the becli cover vhen appropriate. Ail other original copies ere filmed beginning on the first page with a printed or illustrated Impres- sion, and ending on the last page with a printad or illustrated impression. The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol -^ (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol y (meaning "END"), whichever applies. Maps, plates, charts, etc., n ay be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: L'exemplaira film* fut reproduit grAce A le ginArosit* de: Library Diviiion Provincial Archival of Britiih Columbia Les imeges suivsntes ont AtA reproduites avac le plua grand soin. compta tenu de la condition at de la nattet* de I'exempleire film*, et en conformity avac les conditions du contrat da fiimage. Les exemplairas originaux dont la couvar:«jre en papier est ImprimAe sont filmAs en commen^ant par le premier plet et en terminant soit par la darniAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration. soit par la second plat, salon la cas. Tous les autres exemplairas originaux sont filmAs an commandant par la premiere page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la darniire page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Uri des symboies suivants apparaltra sur la derrilAre image de cheque microfiche, selon le ens: le symboie —^ signifie "A SUIVRE", le fiymbole V signifie "FIN ". Lvis cartes, planches, tablaeux, etc., peuvent dtre fiii.iAs A des taux de reduction difftrents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul ciichA, il est film* A partir de I'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m6thode. 1 2 3 4 5 6 f *'? r * ' ;• •' ■ I . ¥ ■}" •■' '•* : ^ 1 ^s-' Iska^d^^ \ I -■» i .H^\v ' i'^ / *■; ? -r" Ct /( c < M 'l f tinf-^ "- h Of a Large, Rich, and Plentiful COUNTRY, IN T H E North AMERICA^ Extending above 4000 Leagues. WHEREIN, • ' By a very ftlort Paflage^ lately found out, thro* the Mer-Bamejo into the South- Sea J by which a confiderable Trade might be carry *d on, as wdl in the Northern as the Southern Parts of A ME R I CA. LONDON: Printed for W. B o r e h a m, at the AftgeL in raUr-NoJler-Rop, (Price Sfx-Pence.) ■{■/ ^9^0 y f/yz^) tt^-^ij^<,f'i 1 1 ■ , • , -. , . ■>•; , ,' , ",', • ■•W -.W". J/W' -■ •..'.'7-- • 97£> B^iSi ■ ■ ;" ■ • - . ' " . * --.,-,- -^ " ■ • ' ■ f» ~ '■/ " . ^ . . ■ ■ - , •-•,•■-* '' * V • . -"". • 1 , . •■ ^ »...■* <% r • " -- .,.-.■..* t ■ ■ ■> » .< . . . , i # ... «> * ' . -^ V • » • • • t ■ f * • * • •^ » * - '. ' , . •■• ', * .■ » * * t ■« ■■ ■•'' ® / I. ^ ^ *, .,.* '' * * ^. 1 * , . « *■ a» * - * ■ 1 '. . i * ■ . ■ * ' g Landed upon that Place, we found above half of a fat wild Goat, which the Wolves had ftrangled. This Provifion was very acceptable to lis, and the reft of our Men cou'd not but praife the Divine Providence, who took ib particular a care of us. . . ' ' . ; Having ["] he four Iter; till ipou from and Ibove had le to )raife liar a ivmg Having thus rerrefh'd our felves, we continued our Voyage diredtly to the Southern Parts of the Lake. On the i6th we met with abundance of Game. A Savage we had with us Icill'd feveral Stags iind wild Go^t5, wherewith we provided our felves for feveral Days, and fo embark'd again on the ift o^ November, We came to the Mouth of the River of the Mianm^ which runs from the South and falls into the Lake, Here we fpent all that Month in Building a Fort, forty Foot long, and eighty broad, made with great fquare pieces of Timber laid one upon the other. On the ^d o£ December we Embark'd, being Thir- ty three Men in eight Canoes, and having row'd a- bout Twenty five Leagues up the River Miamis^ to the South Weji^ we cou'd not find the Place where we were to Land, and carry our Canoes and Equi- page into the River of the Illinois, which falls into MiJiJippL Our Savage who was Hunting on the Shore, not finding us at the Place of Portage, came higher up the River, and told us we had mifled it -, fb we retuni'd and carryM our Canoes over Land, to the Head of the Illinois River, which is but a League and a half from that of Miamis, We continu'd our ' Courfe upon this River very near the whole Month of December'^ towards the End cf which we arriv'd at the Village of the Illinois, about one Hundred and thirty Leagues from Fort Miamis, "We found no Body in the Village, which caus'd a great Per- plexity among us •, for tho' we wanted Provifions, yet we durft not meddle with the Corn they Jiad laid under Ground for their Subfiftance, and to fow their Lands with •, it being the moll fenfible Wrong one can io theift, in their Opinion, to take fome of C 2 their tJieir Corn in their Abfence ^ however, our Necefli- ty being very great, and it being impollible to con- tinue our Voyage without it, Mr. La Salle took about Forty Bulhcls, hoping to appeafe them with fome Prefents. We Embark'd again with this frefh Provifion, and fell down the River the ift of Janu- ary, we took the Elevation of the Pole, which was 33 Deg. 45 Min. Altho' we ufed all the Precaution we cou'd, we found our felves on a fudden in the middle of their Camp, which took up both Sides of the River. The Illinois being much terrify 'd, tho' they were feveral Thoufand Men, tendered us the Calumet of Peace, and we ofFer'd them ours ^ Mr. La Salle prefented them with Martinico Tobacco, and fome Axes ^ he told them he knew how ne- ceflary their Corn was to them, but that being re- duc**d to an unfpeakable Necelfity when he came to their Village, and feeing no probability to fubiift, he had been forc'd to take fome Corn from their Habitations, without their Leave, that he would give them Axes and other Things in lieu of it, if they cou'd fpare it ^ and if they cou'd not, they were free to take it again. The Savages conlider'd our Propofal, granted our Demands, and made an Alliance with us. Some Days after Nickanape, Brother to the moft confiderable Man among them, who was then abfent, invited us to a great Feaft, and before we fat down told us, that he had invited us, not fo much to give us a Treat, as to diffuade us from the Refolution we had taken, to go down to the Sea by the great River MiJ^Jippi ^ he faid, that the Banks of that River were Inhabited by barbarous and bloody Na- tions, and that feveral had periihed upon the lame Enterprize. ith •efli WM- was ion the IS of tho' the Mr. C»3 3 Enterprizei Our Interpreter told him, by order of Mr. La Salle^ that we were much obliged to him for his Advice, but that the Difficulties and Dangers he had mentioned wouM make our Enterprize ftill more Glorious ^ that we fear'd the Mafter of Life of all Men, who ruled the Sea and all the World, and therefore wou'd think it Happinefs to lay down our Lives to make his Name known to all his Crea- tures. However, Nickanapes Difcourfe had put Ibme of our Men under fiich terrible Apprehenlions, that we could never recover their Courage, nor re- move their Fears, fo that Six of them who had the Guard that Night (among which were two Sawyers, the moft neceffary of our Workmen for building our Ship) ran away, taking with them what they thought Necemry •, but conlidering the Country thro' which they were to Travel, and the Seafbn of the Year, we may fay, that for avoiding an uncer- tainty, they expos'd themfelves to a moft certain Danger. Mr. La Salle feeing thefe Men were gone, exhor- ted the reft to continre firm in their Duty, affiiring them, that if any were afraid of venturing them- felves upon the River Miffijippi, becaufe of the Danger Nickampe had mention'd, he wouM give 'em leave to return next Spring to Canada, and al- low them a Canoe to make their Voyage •, whereas they could not venture to return Home at this time of the Year, without expoling themfelves to perifii with Hunger, Cold, or the Hands of the Savages. On the I'yth we made choice of an Eminence on the Bank of the River, defended on that fide by the River, and on Two others by Two deep Ditches, made C'4] made by the Rains-, fo that it was acceflible only one Bj- way. We caft a Line, to join thofetwo natural Ditches, and made the Eminence fteep on every Side, fupporting the Earth with great pieces of Timber. By the i^ of March^ our Fort was near fin ifh'd, and we Named it Crevecdury becaufe the Defertion of our Men, with the Difficulties we labour'd under, had almoft broke our Hearts. We alfb built a Bark, for the continuance of cur Dif- coveries ; it was Forty two Foot long by the Keel, and was in fuch Forwardnefi, that we mou'd have been in a condition to Sail in a very (hort time, had we been provided with all our Neceflaries ^ but hearing nothing of the Ship Griffin^ and therefore wanting the Rigging, and other Tackle we expedled by her, we found our felves in great Perplexity, and did not know what to do in this fad Juncture, being above five Hundred Leagues from Fort Frori'* temc^ whither it was almoft impofiible to return at that Time, becaufe the Snow made Travelling ve- ry dangerous by Land, and the Ice made it im- pradicable to our Canoes, Mr. La Salle did now no longer doubt but his beloved Griffin was loft •, but neither this nor the other Difficulties dejedted him, his great Courage buoy'd him up, and he refolv'd with Three Men to return to Fort Front emc by Land, notwithftanding th^ Snow, jjid the unfpeakable Dangers attending lb great a journey, and to bring along with him the neceflary Things to proceed on our Difcovery 5 while I, with two Men, fhou'd go in a Ca7toe to the River Miffijippiy to get the Friendfliip of the Nati- ons Inhabitmg the Banks thereof •, then calling his Men together, he told them, that he wou'd leave Mr. Tonti an in wi a for anc ['5] lo7tti to Command in the Fort, and defiredthem to obey his Orders in his Abfence, to live in a Chrifti- an Union, and Charity, to be Couragious and Firm in their Defign. He aflured them he would return with all the Speed imaginable, and bring with him a frcfli fupply of Meat, Ammunition, and Rigging for our Bark -, in the mean time he left them Arms, and other Things neceflary for a vigorous Defence, in cafe their Enemies fhou'd attack them before his return. Then telling me that he expedted I ftiould depart without further delay ^ he Embraced me and gave me a Calumet of Peace, with two Men to manage our Canoe^ to whom he gave fome Commo- dities, to the value of about one Thoufand Livres, to trade with the Savages, or make Prefents •, he gave to me in particular, and for my own Ufe, ten Ktiives, twelve Shoemaker's AjpU, or Bodkins, a fniall roll of Martimco Tobacco, two Pound of Raf- fad^e, i. e. little Pearls, or Rings of colour'd Glafs, to make Bracelets for the Savages, and a fmall par- cel of Needles, telling me, he wou'd have given m« a greater Quantity had it been in his Power. Thus relying on the Providence of God, I embra- ced all our Men, and took my Leave of Mr. La Salle, who fet out a few Days after for Cafiada,\^\t\i three Men, without any Provilions but what they kiird in their Journey, during which they fuffer'd very much by cold Weather, Snow and Hunger. "We let out from Fort CrevecAur the 2^tb of Feb* ruary, and when we had gone Fifty Leagues down the River, we came to the Place where it falls into the Miffijwi, between 35; and 36 Deg. of Latitude. The Mipfj)i runs to the S, S, W, between two . •* ridges [ I^ ] ridges of Mountains, is in (bine Places a League broad, and half a League where it is narroweft : The Ice that came down ftop'd us here till the i2tb of March, then after Prayers we EmbarkM, and continuing our Courfe down the River, we difco- vei^d three Savages on the I 'yth, and Landing mar- ched up to them, whereupon they ran away •, but after fome Signs, one return'd and prefented us the Calumet of Peace, which when we had received the two others came back. We could not underftand one AVord of their Language, and when we named two or three different Nations to them, one anfwer- ed three times Chiquacha, They gave us fome Peli- cans they had kill'd with their Arrows, and we prefented them with part of our Meat. Two Days after we faw many Savages near the River, crying aloud, Safaconejls^ that is, Who goes there ?* as I have been inform'd. They lent a Pirogue, or heavy wooden Canoe towards us, wherein were the three Savages we had met two Days before. We prefen- ted our Calumet of Peace, wh^'ch they receiv'd, but gave us to underftand by Signs, that we muft go to the Akanfa, pointing to the Savages a-fhore. We could not avoid it, and as loon as we were Landed, the three Chiquachas took our Cajwe upon their Shoulders, and carried it to the Villiage. Thele Savages received us very kindly, and prelented us with Beans, Mian Corn and Flefti to Eat ; we made them alio a Prefent of Ibme of our European Commodities, which they admired, putting their Fingers upon their Mouths when they law our Guns. The iSth we Embark'd again, after having been entertain'd with Dancing and Feafting, and carry'd away our Commodities, tiio' the Savages were loath to part with them j but having accepted our Cain- c - met eague tveft : I2tb I, and difco- mar- •, but red us iceiv'd rftand named nfwer- e Peli- iid we 3 Days crying as I heavy e three :)refen- •d, but I go to ?. We landed, I their Thefe ited us It i we uropean their r Guns, been carry'd e loath r Caltt' wet [17] Viet of l^eacc, they did not prefume to flop us fyy Force, "We pafs'd by the Nations of Taenfa and Coroa, by both wliich we were kindly received, and on the 2^th came to the Nation of ^«f- oticpiijja. The next Day^ we came to a Pointy where the Miffijipt divides it felf into three Channels I we took the middle one which is very broad and deep. The Water began there to tad Brackifti, but four Leagues lower was as Salt as the Sea. We rowed about four Leagues further, and difcover'd the Sea. The Mouth of the River is very deep, without being interrupted with any Sands, fo that great Ships may go up as far as the Illinois River, which is two Hundred Leagues ^ its Courfe from it's Source to the Sea, may be eight Hun- dred Leagues, including Windings and Turn- ings, it falls into the Gulph of Mexico, be- tween 27 and 2 8 Deg. of Latitude ^ its Mouth may be about thirty Leagues from Rio Bravo^ iixty from Palmas, and eighty, or a hundred from Rio Paunco, the neareft Habitation of the Spaniards, / My two Men were very glad of this Dif^ covery, but on the other hand, they exprefs'd a great deal of difTatisfadtion, to have beeil at fuch Trouble without making any Profit, having found no Furs to exchange for their Commodities. They were alfo much afraid of the Spaniards of New Mexico^ and were perpe- tually telling me. That if they were tahen^ the Spaniards wond never fpare their Livt'Sy or at D leali [18] '^^A Pv^ them the liberty to return into Eu- rope. I Irnew their Fears were not altogether unrea(bnable, and therefore I refblv'd to go no further. ' We lay during the time we were a-flioar un- der our Canoe, fupported with four Forks, and made Curtains of fome rolls of Birch Barky hanging from the top to the Ground, to de- fend us from the Rain. "We faw no Body, and therefore cannot tell whether that Coaft be inhabited. We fquared a Tree of twelve Foot high, and making a Crofs of it, Eredled it in that Place, leaving there a Letter Sign- ed by me and my two Men, containing an Account of our Voyage, Country, and Pro- fdlion •, then kneeling near the Crofs, we fung fome Hymns, and embark'd again on the i^ of April, to return toward the Source of the River. • ,' I 'Tis oLfervable, that during the whole Courfe of our Sailing, God protedted us againft the Crocodils, which are very numerous in that River, efpecially towards the Mouth. They V looked dreadful, and wou'd have attacFd us, had we not been very careful to avoid them. Our Caitoe being loaded with three Men ovilv, and our Proviiions did not draw three Inches Water, and therefore we cou'd Row very near the Shore, and avoid the Current of the River. The next Day, April the 2J, we law towards break of Day, a great Smoak not far from us, and foon after difcovered - ., four C »p ] four Savage "Women loaden with Wood, march- ing as faft as they could to get to their Village before us •, but fome Biijfards coming near us, one of my Men cou'd not forbear to Shoot at them, which lo frighted the Wo- men, that they left their Wood and ran away to their Village, where they arriv'd before us. The Savages having heard the !Noife, were in as great Fear as their Wives, and left their Village upon our Approach. But I landing alone, advanced immediately with my Calumet of Peace ^ whereupon they return- ed and received us with all the Refpedt and Civility imaginable. We made them H^me Vmall Prefents to fhew our Gratitude, and left that Place y^pril the ^th, and rowed with fuch Diligence, that we arriv'd the fame Day at Koroa. I was furpriz'd to fee their Indian Corn, which was left very Green, grown al- ready to Maturity ^ but I have learn'd lince that their Corn is Ripe fixty Days after it is Sown *, they have three or four Crops of Indian Corn in a Year, having no other Win- ter than fome Rain. They have all forts of Trees we have in Europey and many other unknown to us ^ there are the fineft Cedars in the World, and another Tree from which drops the moft fragrant Gum, which, in my Opinion, exceeds our beft Perfumes : The Cotton Trees are of a prodigious height •, the Savages make them hollow with Fire, to make their Pirogues of them •, we law fome of them, all of a piece above one Hundred Foot long. They told me that to the Weftward D 2 were were fbme Beafts that carry'd Men upon their Backs, and ihew'd us the Hoof and part of the Leg of one, which was certainly the Hoof of a Horfe •, and furely Horfes are not utterly unknown in the Northern America j for near the Cape named by us St. Anthony^ we faw a Horfe and other Beads painted upon the Rock with red Colours by Savages*, but whereas we had been told the Spaniards of NetP Mexico lived not above forty Leagues from them, and fupply'd them with European Commodities •, we found nothing among tnem that might be fiifpefted to come from thence unlefs it be fome little pieces of Glafs, ftrung upon a Threa(^, with which the Women aclori> their Heads. We left the Habitation^ of the Ahavfaes, the 4^^ of April, and diiring fixty Leagues we faw no Savage. Our Proviiion being fpent, we had nothing to live Upon but the Game we kilFd, or the Fiih we cou'd catch. On the 12th, as my two Men were fcoyling a BufTard, and my felf refitting our Came on the Bank of the River, I perceiv'd.. on a fudden, about two of the Clock in the afternoon, no lefs then fifty Canoes, jnade of Bark, Mann"'d with a hundred and twentjr Sa- vages ftark Naked coming down the River, with an extraordinary Swiftnefs, to furprize the Miamis and lllinoh their Enemies. We threw away the Broth Wiilch was pre- paring, and getting aboard as fall: as we could, made towards them, crying out in the ho- quefe and Algonquin Languages, Comrades, we are Men of wooden Caiioes, for fo they call thofe tTiore that Sail in great Veflels. This had no EfFedt, for they miderftood not what we faid, fo that furrounding us iuimediately they began to let fly their Arrows at us, till the JEldeft amongft them perceivine that I had a Calumet of Peace in my Hand, came up to us, and prevented our being Murthered by their Warriours. ^ . , They prefently jumpM out of their Canoes^ fome upon Land, others into the "Water, fur- rounding us on all Sides with flirieks and out-cries, that were indeed very terrifying^ 'Twas to no purpofe to refift, being but three to io great a Number. One of them fnatch'd the Pipe of Peace out of my Hand. We prefented them with feme fmall pieces of Martinico Tobacco, and made Signs to them with our Oars upon the Sand •, that the Miamis^ their Enemies, whom they were in fearch of, had pafs'd the River, and were gone to joyn the lUhtois, Eeing then out of all hopes of furprizing their Enemies, three or four of the Eldeft of them I laid their Hands upon my Head, and b^gan to weep bitterly, accompanying their Tears with fuch monrnful Accents as can hard- ly be expreft'd, while I, with a forry Hand- l^erchief I had left, made fliift to dry their Tears ^ however to very little purpofe ^ for refufing to finoak in our Calumet^ tlicy there- by gave us to underftand, that their Deiign was ftill to Murther us § and one hundred of their Leaders coming up to us, made ns to to underftand by Signs, that their Warriours were refolvM upon our Death. This obliged me to apply my felf to their Chiefs, and prefented them with fix Hatchets, fifteeii Knives, and Ibme pieces of Tobacco ^ aftej: which, bending my Neck, and pointing to a Hatchet, I iignify'd to them, by that Submif- jniiTion, that we threw our felves at their Mercy. _ • - The Prefent had the good EfFe6t to f :>ften Ibme of them, who, according to their Cu- ftom, gave us ibme Beavers Flefh to eat, themfelves putting the three firft bits in our Mout'.s, having firft blown upon it, becaufe it was hot i after this they fet a Platter before us, made of the Bark of a Tree, leaving us at liberty to feed after our own Falhion. Thefe Civilities did not hinder us from paf- iing the Night away very uneafily, becaufe in the Evening before they went to Sleep, they had returned us our Calumet of Peace. The two Canoe Men rcfolvcd to fell their Lives as dear as they cou'd, and to defend themfelves like Men to the laft, in cafe they ihou'd attack us, and we. Watch'd all Night by Turns, that we might not be furpriz'd in our Sleep. The next Morning early, one of their Cap- tains, who had been for killing of me, came and demanded my Pipe of Peace ^ it being de- li verM him, he filFd it with Tobacco, and made the reft who had been for putting us to Death, fmoak in it, then he made Signs that we muft go along with them into their Country, [ ^3 ] Country, into wliich they were then return- ing *, this Propofal was very welcome to us, and we rowed in their Company for nineteen Days together, fometimes North, and fome- times North Eaft, according to the beft Ob- fervations we cou'd make by our Compafs ; lb that after thefe Barbarians had forc'd us to follow them, we made more than two hun- dred and fifty Leagues up the River Mlji' fpt^ and we were got about one hundred and fifty Leagues up the fame, above that of the Tllhtois, when we were firft taken by them. One of the nineteen Days of our moft tire* fome Journey, a Captain call'd Aquipaguetin^ who afterwards adopted me for his Son, had kill'd a large fat Deer, to which he invited the chief Captains of the Warriours . after the Repaft, the Savages with their Hair a- nointed with Oil of Bears, and ftuck all over with red and white Feathers, and their Heads covered with the Down of Birds, began to Dance with their Hands upon their Hips, and ftriking their Feet with great force agaiuft the Ground •, during the Dance, one of the Sols of the Mafter of the Ceremony, made them all fmoak in the Pipe of War, himfelf fhed- diiig abundance of Tears •, the Father in the mean while, laying his Hands on our Heads, and lifting his Eyes up to Heaven, bathed himfelf in Tears, As far as we could judge, this Grimace boaded us no good , and we afterwards underftood, he meant nothing left than our Deftrudion by it, but finding the Oppofition he was like to meet with from the other Chiefs, who were of a contrary Opinion, he Ch3 he was content to fuflfer us in re-emlarlc, re- folving. however to make nft of fbme otSiei* Stratagem, to get into his owrt Hands by lit- tle and little, the reft of our Things, not daring to take theaa from us openly, by forcd, for fear of the reft of his own Nation 5 br which it plainly appears, that he was a craf- ty deligning KnaVe. His Son was kill'd by the Miamisy and finding he could not revenge himfelf on that Nation, vented his PalFioii upon us. Having thus Travell'd nineteen Days an our Canoe by Water, we came within lis Leagues of the fall of St. Anthony^ where they held an Aflembly to confult what they ihould do with us 5 at laft they feparated^ and gave us to three of their Chiefs, inftead of three of their Sons Who had been kilFd in the Wiar : Then they feiz'd our Cjtwo^, and' took away all our Equipage •, our Canoe they* puird to pieces, their own they hid among the Alders •, fo that tho' we might have gone' conveniently enough quite up into their Coun- try by Water, yet were we obliged by their Condud, to travel no left than lixty Leagues a- foot. Our ordinary Marches were from break of Day, till ten at Night, and when we met with any Rivers we fwam them, themfelvcs (who for the moft part are of an extraordi- nary itze) carrying our Cloths and Equipage on their Heads. We never eat but once in twenty four Hours, and then nothing but a few fcraps of Meat, drjed in fmoak, after theii^ C 17 ] their Fafliion, wliich they afforded us with a- bundance of Regret. I was lb weak tTiat I often laid down, re- Iblving rather to dye than follow thefe Sa- vages any further, who Travell'd at a rate lb extraordinary, as far fiirpafles the ftrength of any European • however, to haften us, they ibmetimes fet Fire to the dry Graft in the Meadows, thro' which we pafs'd, (b that our choice was, March or Burn ♦, when we had thus Travell'd lixty Leagues a-foot, and un- dergone all the fatigues of Hunger, Thirft-, and Cold, belides a thoufand Outrages daily done to our Perfons j as foon as we approach- ed their Habitations, which are lituated in Morafles inaccellible to their Enemies, they thought it a proper Time to divide theMer* chandize taken from us. Here they were rea- dy to fall out and cut one anothers Throats about the roll of Martijiico Tuhacco ^ which might ftill weigh about fifty Pound .- Then arofe a high difpute about the Diftributioii they were to make of our Perfons ^ at lait Aquipaguethiy as head of t\iQ Party, carry 'd it 5 who turning towards me prefented me his Calumet of Peace to fmoak in, receiving from me, at the lame time, that which wa had brought, and then adopted me for his Son, in the room of him he had loft in the War. Two other Captains did the laine by tl\c two Came Men. This Separation was very grievous to us, tho" fonietlung allay'd by the E Satis- ,[.8] Satisfadion we had to find our Lives were fafe. Being thus parted, the Savages led us away each to his own Village. I came to Aquipaguetins Habitation in the Month of May, 1680. The next Day he flietv»ed me to fix or feven of his Wives, telling them, that they were to efteem nie as one of their Sons, and ordered thofe about him to give me the Title that was due to the Rank which I was to hold among my new Kindred. I fpent three Months very ill in this Place amorg the IJfati and NadoveJ/tajis, My new Father gave me nothing to eat but a few wild Oats, five or fix times a Week, and the Roes of dry'd Fifh. He fent me into a Neighbouring Ifle, with his "Wives, Chil- dren and Servants, where I digged with a Pick-ax and Shovel, I had recovered from thofe that robb'd us. Here we planted Tobacco and fome European Pulfe, which I brought from thence, and were highly priz d by A- qiiipaguctht. During my ftay among them there arrivM four Savages in Embafiy, who laid they were come atove fiVQ hundred Leagues from the "Weft, and had been four Moons upon the Wav, and that they ha>.■ all prol^ability Jaj^an is on the fame Conti- ■tnt as America, Towards the end of July^ the Seiur de Lutk^ accompany'd with five Men arriv'd in our Cam)) from Canada^ and becaufe I had Ibme knowledge of the Language of the^ IJf^ti^ hp defired that I might accompany him to the Villages of thofe People. I was very willing to undertake it, and we arrived at the Vil- lage of the Iffati the 14^^ oJl Aiigvjly zxx^ ha-? ving exchang'd our Commodities, we returned to the Camp towards the end of Septmber we let them underftand, that to procure them Iron and other Merchandize, that was ^fef^f ^ to them, it was convenient that we fl;iould return to Canada^ and that at a certain Time when we fhould agree on between us, they ihoMld come one half way with their fur?', and we the other half with our Ei^oppan Commodities. Upon this they held ^ great Council, and confented to our return. Ovap conde^ their chief Captain gave us fome Bu- fiiels of wild Gats for our Subfiftence on the way, having firft rcgal'd, "s in the beft rnan- V ner he could. Their 4^t« are better and more wholfome than Rice: Then with, a Peu- cil he marFd down on a Sheet of Paper which I had left, the Courfe we were to keep for four hundred Leagues together. We put our felyes iii two. Canoes^ being eight Europeans of us in all, we fell down the River St. Francis into the Mr^Jtppi, and thence went up the River Ovifcoirpt, Navi- ' ' gable ti- i|i fable for large Veflels, above one hundred .eagues ^ then we cairy'd our Canoes over Land half a League. Tnus having made more than four hundred Leagues by Water, fince mx departure from the Country of the Ifaai, ve arriv'd at^ laft at the great Bay of the fmns^ where" we found a great many Cans- tlm^y who weje come hither to Trade-, after two Elay$ we departed, and after onct hun- dr^ Leagues roving, having c ailed along the great Bay of Pmtts^ we arriv'd at Mij^, limakinaky where we were forc'd to Winter. We parted from MiJJiVzmakimk^ in Bajler- Week, and having rowed ope hundred Leagues along the Side of the Lalce Huron ^ we palled the Streights which are thirty Leagues thro*, and the Lake of St. Clair e, which is in the middle, tlience over the Lake Erie^ to the fall of I^iagara, from whence we carry'd our Canoe two Leagues below, and came to the Lake of Ontario or Frontenac. When we came to the Fort, we were kindly received by Father Luke JBniJJet^ and Mr. La Fleur, who had the Conim^iid of the Fort iia the Abfence of Mr. X« SaJI»^ but t)ur Men being eager to return for Can^ "v.^ii* ■'»>'^ ,V,..,i '^ y - ,';--^\ ■-':' .^.■; rd SI r ^'! '/• .'■■■'"• ^ ' f .7 ? i l''J