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THE 
 
 HALIFAX GUIDE BOOK, 
 
 (ILLUSTEATED.) 
 
 C. C. MOETON, BOOKSELLER AND STATIONER. 
 
 195 HoLLis Street. 
 1878. 
 
FC 2.3^ 
 H3 
 
m 
 
 ■ 
 
 H 
 
 
IKTBODUCTOKY. 
 
 Halifax, the capital and chief city of Nova S. tia, 
 has a population estimated for 1878 at 33,000. 
 
 The city is pleasantly situated on the eastern slope 
 of a peninsula formed by Chebucto Harbor and a 
 branch of the sea now krown as the North West 
 Arm, but in the early history of the colony called 
 Sandwich River. Chebucto Bay, terminating in the 
 Harbor, contracting: at the " Narrows," and again 
 widening out into Bedford Basin, is, taken altogether, 
 one of the great havens, not of this continent only, 
 but of the world, whether for beauty, safety, or capa- 
 ciousness, having few equals, and, so far as Canadians 
 believe, no superior. Along the water front of the 
 peninsula alluded to, for about three miles the streets 
 and houses of the city rise tier upon tier, until the 
 summit of the slope is crowned by the Citadel, a 
 massive fortification two hundred and fifty feet above 
 tide water, and bristling with huge guns of the latest 
 construction, — emblems significant indeed are these 
 latter, of Imperial power and connection, but, except 
 in the way of firing salutes with blank powder, they 
 and those of the fortresses in the vicinity of Halifax, 
 have as yet slept idly in their embrasures. But to 
 return ; whether seen from the eastern or western 
 passages of the harbor, or from the islands at its 
 mouth, which break the rude force of the Atlantic, 
 or still better, when viewed from the town of Dart- 
 mouth, Halifax is a city fair to behold. From any of 
 these points stand out prominently the churches, 
 hospitals and other public buildings, to which more 
 immediate attention will presently be drawn. The 
 shipping at the piers and docks, at all seasons con- 
 siderable, but in the summer season, supplemented 
 by the stately frigates and ironclads of the Royal 
 
6 
 
 Morton's guide to Halifax. 
 
 Navy ; the substantial warehouses and elegant shoj)s, 
 with numerous mansions embosomed in trees, make 
 up a picture not easily surpassed, and one that tour- 
 ists never fail to appreciate. Travellers arriving by 
 the Intercolonial Railway or its branches, from the 
 east and west, have not so good an opportunity of 
 seeing the city to advantage. I^ must be confessed 
 that a close scrutiny will reveal some localities which 
 are improved by the enchantment of distance, yet 
 there are many pleasant streets, and many of a more 
 substantial dignity, alive with cabs, omnibuses and 
 other evidences of a busy traffic. The design of this 
 Annual, however, is not so much to give the history 
 of Halifax, as to illustrate its present condition and 
 status ; to point out objects worthy of attention, and 
 to show in what localities they are to be found. 
 
 TSa AFFEOACS ST SEA. 
 
 The traveller 
 who prefers to 
 arrive at HalF- 
 fax by sea, ra- 
 ther than by the 
 Intercolonial 
 Railway, will 
 have his atten- 
 tion drawn^ to the numerous guardians of the coast, 
 both of a peaceful and a warlike character. Light- 
 houses and fortifications are conspicuous at every 
 prominent point, from the rocky isle of Sambro 
 on the western coast to the jetties of H. M. Naval 
 Yard near the head of the harbour. The lonely 
 island of Sambro, a prominent rock a mile or two 
 from the shore, and about twenty miles from the 
 Narrows, is scarcely large enough to contain the 
 lighthouse ; it was, doubtless, chosen by the first 
 Legislature of Nova Scotia, on account of its admir- 
 able situation for the purpose required. The lantern 
 shews a fixed white light, warning the mariner 
 
mt shops, 
 es, make 
 hat tour- 
 ■iving by 
 from the 
 t unity of 
 confessed 
 es which 
 nee, yet 
 
 a more 
 ises and 
 1 of this 
 
 history 
 tion and 
 •on, and 
 d. 
 
 raveller 
 efers to 
 t Hair- 
 sea, ra- 
 n by the 
 ilonial 
 . will 
 
 atten- 
 
 coast, 
 Light- 
 
 every 
 anibro 
 Naval 
 lonely 
 r two 
 1 the 
 I the 
 
 first 
 imir- 
 itern 
 riner 
 
 THE APPROACH BY SEA. 7 
 
 of rocks and ledges in the vicinity, and casting 
 its welcome beams over a wide expanse of the sur- 
 rounding ocean. A little further inland on the same 
 shore, we have next in order, standing on the bold 
 bluff of Chebucto Head, the Beacon, with its brilliant 
 light revolving at intervals of one minute ; the Bea- 
 con being supplemented in the same neighbourhood 
 by an automatic signal buoy with a ten inch whistle. 
 Still further inward, but on the opposite side, appears 
 the antiquated lighthouse of Mauger's or Meagher's 
 Beach, standing apparently in the water, but in real- 
 ity on a low shelving beach jutting out nose-like from 
 the western shore of MacNab's Island towards the 
 harbour's mouth. This island, with its neighbour, 
 Lawlor's, on the east, forms a great natural break- 
 water for the Port, against the fierce south-eastern 
 gales of the Atlantic, and together they sep-rate the 
 Eastern Passage, as it is called, from the much 
 broader and safer entrance by the Western shore. 
 Further East, at the entrance of the second Passage, 
 will be noticed the double white light on Devil's 
 Island, and nearly opposite on the Western shore, 
 a military establishment known as the Signal Station 
 and Fort of York Redoubt. Here the eye may 
 
 encounter what is supposed to be a novelty in this 
 part of the world — a cairn on the ancient model. 
 It stands on a height above the village of Herring 
 
 miM 
 
8 
 
 MORTON'S GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 = ^ 
 
 Cove, as we approach the harbour. Two rude pillars 
 are seen placed east and west, forming the elevated 
 parts of the ship-cairn erected in memory of George 
 Brown, a native of the Cove, who died July 8th, 1875, 
 aged 36 years, after having earned the title of champion 
 oarsman of North America. Proceeding further in- 
 ward from York Redoubt along the Western shore, 
 the outlet of the North West " Arm " is passed, and 
 here one might linger, as the "Arm " is noted for its 
 quiet and picturesque beauty. This pretty little inlet 
 runs up, in the rear, as it were, of the city for two or 
 three miles, and varies in width from a quarter to 
 half a mile, the shores throughout its whole length 
 showing p succession of handsome mansions, with 
 smooth lawns extending in some parts to the water's 
 edge, and in others relieved by groves of the original 
 forest. There was formerly a battery and chain-boom 
 at the mouth of the " Arm " — but of this further on. 
 We now approach Point Pleasant, the southernmost 
 point of the peninsula on which the city is built. 
 This point was at first selected by Governor Corn- 
 wallis as the site for building the town, but was found 
 to be much exposed to south-easterly gales, and 
 another site was selected between two and three 
 miles further north, where the city at present stands. 
 Soon afterwards we pass George's Island, with its mas- 
 sive fortifications, built apparently to last for all time. 
 We are now in the harbour proper, and can take a 
 leisurely survey of its capabilities and proportions. 
 What a magnificent sheet of water it is ! not to speak 
 of the roadstead. oT George's Island outside, or of the 
 broad basin inside of the Narrows, the harbour has 
 room and verge enough to accommodate the fleets of 
 the world. Everywhere the water is deep — so deep 
 that the largest ships may lie at the wharves without 
 fear of grounding at any time of the tide — which 
 here rises and falls so gently as to be hardly percep- 
 tible, and never exceeding a depth of six or eight 
 feet Practically, the state of the tide here is never 
 taken into account in the usual arrangements of 
 shipping incidental to the duties of a port-wardeu. 
 
INTERCOLOHTAL RAILWAY DEPOT. 
 
 Jde pillars 
 i elevated 
 3f George 
 8tb. 1875, 
 champion 
 Jrther in- 
 irn shore, 
 ssed, and 
 ed for its 
 ittle inlet 
 3r two or 
 •larter to 
 e length 
 ns, with 
 e water's 
 
 original 
 lin-booni 
 "ther on. 
 em most 
 is built, 
 r Corn- 
 is found 
 es, and 
 i three 
 
 stands, 
 ts mas- 
 ill time. 
 
 take a 
 Drtions. 
 3 speak 
 
 of the 
 )ur has 
 eets of 
 o deep 
 i'ithout 
 
 which 
 lercep- 
 
 eight 
 
 never 
 Its of 
 arclen. 
 
 The Intercolonial Railway Dep6t at North Street, 
 unsurpassed by any similar f Iructtire in the Dominion 
 of Canada, was built by Mr. Henry Peters, of Hali- 
 fax, and made leady for occupation on 1st August, 
 1877. As we approach the main entrar.\ce from North 
 Street, the fine proportions of the building become 
 apparent. It is two stories in heijjht, with a mansard 
 roof surmounted by a lofty tower and dome. At each 
 corner are ornamental towers with circular-headed 
 dormer windows. The dome on the four faces has 
 large electric clock dJils. The buildings measures 
 113 by 50 feet On the ground floor are the general 
 waiting room — ladies" waiting room — ladies' dressing 
 room — Intercolonial and Western Counties ticket 
 offices — telegraph office — Superiurtendent's office — 
 railway conductors* room, and parcel office. The 
 building is heated by steam on the most approved 
 principle, the boilers and other apparatus being in a 
 fireproof basement vault. On the first floor are the 
 agent's dwelling appartmcnts, also private offices for 
 the Superintendents of the Intercolonial and of the 
 W. C. Railway and R. R. Engineer offices. The 
 passeng^ shed connecting with the main building 
 
t ,■ ? 
 
 10 
 
 Morton's guide to Halifax. 
 
 
 on the fioith is 400 feet long and 87 feet wide. 
 This building, constructed on the same design as the 
 front building, is of the finest pressed brick, very 
 ornamental, wi*:h circular-headed windows, label 
 mouldings and granite dressings, with roof of iron, 
 verj' light and airy, yet very substantial. There are 
 three main tracks leading into the building, with two 
 platforms of 20 feet wide. Two of these tracks are 
 for the use of the Intercolonial Railway, and one for 
 the Western Counties Railway. On the west side 
 are closets (W. C) of the best construction, also 
 heated by steam from the main building. The bag- 
 gage shed on the east of the passenger shed, is 
 convenient for the receipt and delivery of baggage, 
 being fitted with three large sliding doors. This 
 building is 82 by 16 feet, with a veranda on the front, 
 supported by iron brackets and covered with corru- 
 gated galvanized ir34i. This building is also heated 
 by steam. On the east side there is a platform the 
 •whole extent of the building, affording great conveni- 
 ence to the travelling public in arriving at or leaving 
 the North Street Dep6t. 
 
 ci 
 
 ce 
 
 d( 
 
 re 
 
 ti^ 
 
 d( 
 
 r( 
 
 cil 
 
 ml 
 
 al 
 
 d( 
 
 at 
 
 [I 
 
 The Richmond R. R. pier and wharves have imme- 
 diate connection with the North Street Dep6t, the 
 original Dep6t at Richmond being now occupied by 
 the Western Counties Railway Company exclusively. 
 The piers and elevated track for the discharge of 
 coal by car loads, and for the receipt of heavy mer- 
 
 B'IUiHJWII><a W<«Mli)i "1 
 
INTERCOLONIAL RAILWAY DEPOT. 
 
 11 
 
 feet wide, 
 sign as the 
 ^rick, very 
 3WS, label 
 of of iron. 
 There are 
 , with two 
 tracks are 
 id one for 
 west side 
 tion, also 
 The bag- 
 shed, is 
 baggage, 
 rs. This 
 the front, 
 th corru- 
 o heated 
 form the 
 conveni- 
 r leaving 
 
 imme- 
 6t, the 
 ►led by 
 sively. 
 rge of 
 ' mer- 
 
 chandise destined to the interior and Upper Provin- 
 ces, afford good facilities for traffic, having space and 
 depth of water for vessels of the largest size, while 
 receiving and discharging cargo. As a summer sta- 
 tion the place is without a rival, in its purpose of a 
 deep sea terminus, but for the greater convenience of 
 resident merchants having warehouses within the 
 city, it is proposed to extend the water-side track a 
 mile or more southward, to gain positions more favor- 
 able for the erection of grain elevators and provision 
 dep6ts, whence shipments to Europe are expected to 
 attain large dimensions during the winter months. 
 
 The Intercolonial Railway, having its Atlantic ter- 
 minus at the harbour of Halifax, and connecting with 
 the European and North American line and with the 
 Railway system of the United States comprises, at 
 present, a main track extending from the Halifax 
 Dep6t to Riviere-du-Lx)up, where it joins the Grand 
 Trunk of Canada. To the main line of 550 miles 
 and northern division of 83^ miles are attached seve- 
 ral branches, viz. : Truro and Pictou, 52 miles ; 
 Windsor branch and continuation to Annapolis, 84 
 miles. The Acadia Iron Mines branch, 13 miles ; 
 Chatham branch, 8 miles ; Springhill branch, 32 
 miles ; Elgin branch, 14 miles ; Rimouski branch, 
 2 miles, with various colliery connections amounting 
 to 43 miles, and Western Counties, 90 miles under 
 construction ; also, in progress of construction, St. 
 Martin's and Upham branch, 32 miles ; Richibucto 
 branch, 27 miles ; Albert line, 41 miles, being a total 
 length, with branch connections, of 745 miles — 176 
 being in the Province of Quebec, 343 in New Bruns- 
 wick, and 226 in Nova Scotia. 
 
 The germ of the Halifax and Quebec Railway, now 
 in every sense one of the most important lines on this 
 Continent, was contained in a suggestion of Henry 
 Fairbairn in an article published in the " United 
 Service Journal of 1832. His idea was to make the 
 terminus at St. Stephen's, N. B., and to lay the rails 
 of wood. Out of this primitive conception eventy^illy 
 
If 
 
 stohtonIs Gtm>«r to tfAttfAX. 
 
 grew the R, R. now completed. Its construction was 
 steadily advocated long years by many who believed irt 
 it as the one thing necessary to onfte and consolidate 
 the British North Americjn Provinces, among others 
 by Lord Durham, Governor General, Sir Richard 
 Brown of England, the late A. W. Godfrey, Hon*. 
 Joseph Howe, Hon. H. H. Cogswell, G. R. Youngs 
 and other notable cofonists of the time. The actual 
 survey wad commenced in iB^lS, under charge of Capt, 
 Pipon arrd Major Henderson of the R. E. Dfepartment, 
 and the ftnal report was submitted by Major Robinson, 
 R. E., in 18*^8^. This memorable report recommended 
 the line by the North Shore (of the St. Lawrence), 
 which after much discussion was adopted ; and it was 
 then computed that a line from Halifax to Quebec of 
 635 miles could be made for j;^7000'stg. per mile, or 
 about 25 million doHars altogether. Fhe main line 
 and branches returned are 745 miles, costing for 
 construction and equipment ^35-.S4^,946, showing that 
 Major Robinson's original estimate wa* not very wide 
 of the mark. The Intercolonial Railway was com- 
 pleted for through traffic an July i, 1876, though 
 sections of it had been in operation k>ng before. 
 
 OXTT STASSTS IlSD WALZS. 
 
 An agreeable walk of a summer morning may be 
 made by Sackville St., turning by the right into the 
 enclosure of the Citadel and along the track over the 
 slopes of the glacis. At the summit near the great 
 saluting battery a fine view of Dartmouth, sister city 
 to Halifax is obtained. That town stands at a point 
 of the eastern shore of the harbour opposite the naval 
 yard. The site was occupied as early as August^ 
 175c, by about 300 settlers who arrived from the 
 Palatinate in the ship Ann. Soon after its occupation 
 it was, in 1751, attacked by the Indians and a number 
 of the inhabitants massacred, their scalps being carried 
 off for reward by the hostile French. The place was 
 subsequently overtaken by various misfortunes that 
 
CITY STREETS AND WALKS. 
 
 13 
 
 uction wa^ 
 believed in 
 onsoJidate 
 >ng others 
 
 • Richard 
 .ey, Horn 
 ^. Youngs 
 he actuaf 
 eofCapt, 
 partment^ 
 Robinson, 
 nmended 
 awrence), 
 od it was 
 ^Iebec of 
 
 mile, or 
 lain line 
 sting for 
 ving that 
 ery wide 
 ^as com- 
 < though 
 re. 
 
 may be 
 into the 
 ver the 
 e great 
 :er city 
 1 point 
 e naval 
 August, 
 »m the 
 ipation 
 umber 
 carried 
 e was 
 s that 
 
 tended to retard its growth, but it at length struggled 
 through all reverses to become an incorporated city, 
 injoying present prosperity. Npstliutr by the lakes 
 ind hill sides, while sheltered ir> part by the yet pri- 
 leval forest, it is fair to look upon. To the right of 
 the suburban picture rises Mount Hope, on whose 
 ;reen slopes stooping to be touched by the tidal 
 waters, stands an imposing hospital, with its grove 
 md garden dedicated to the insane of the Province. 
 'his great edifice and its surroundings will doubtless 
 [attract the stranger's eye and induce a visit, though a 
 [description here is beyond the limits of " the Guide." 
 At this point the American Cozzens describes the 
 scene: — " If you cast your eye over yonder magnifi- 
 cent bay, where vessels bearing llags of all nations 
 'are at anchor, and let your vision sweep past and over 
 [the islands to the outlets beyond where the quiet 
 ocean lies, you will see a picture of marvellous beauty. 
 Behind us stretch large green plains dotted with 
 cottages and bounded with undulating hills, with now 
 and then glimpses of blue water, and as we walk down 
 from Citadel Hill we feel half reconciled to Halifax, 
 its quaint mouldy old gables, its soldiers and sailors, 
 and all its little, odd, outlandish peculiarities." Glanc- 
 ing from the site of Dartmouth proper, the circuit of 
 the shore passes by Turtle Grove, a famous resort for 
 picnic parties in the olden time, to Tufts' Cove, a 
 settlement of ballast boatmen, and other cottagers, 
 till the Narrows or passage to the inner harbour of 
 Bedford completes the view. The eye leturns to its 
 point of departure, taking in the densely peopled 
 squares along the water-side. Here, says a local 
 writer, "you see ships, warehouses, shops, smoking 
 chimnies, dingy house-tops, streets with their rattling 
 carts, and carriages, towers and spires of churches and 
 other public buildings." 
 
 The view from this elevated point is, however, dis- 
 appointing as regards the City immediately below. 
 Turn, then, down the slope to the left, passing the 
 Ball-court. Here near the guard-room and military 
 
14 
 
 MORTONS GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 offices a turnpike gr.te is erected at which you are not 
 toU'd ! but once a year all these citadel thoroughfares 
 are closed to the public in assertion of exclusive crown 
 rights. Turning here by Cogswell Street to the left j 
 and along the circuit of the citadel enclosure the cir- ' 
 cuit is soon made to the Public Gardens. Here one 
 may revel among flowers till the clock strikes, or till 
 the promptings of a renewed appetite suggest the way 
 to the hotel, via Spring Garden Road and Pleasant 
 Street. The pedestrian may again pursue his walk 
 and find Lower Water Street at it southern terminus, 
 first looking in by the way, at the Government 
 Engineers' wharf and yard, with its deserted old 
 earthworks of defence, now become grass-grown and 
 the play-ground ot children. Thence by Fawson 
 Street turn shortly to Water Street, which has its 
 course from south to north along the harbour line ; a 
 few objects deserve attention, such as a brewery of 
 large proportions (Keith's), the Night Refuge, coffee 
 rooms and soup kitchen for the poor and the weary 
 (mediums of true benevolence), and the guard-house 
 and stores at Queen's wharf. Hereby stands the 
 
 OEITTIIAL FZSS SftAHZET. 
 
 The Fish Market is not an ornamental structure. 
 Its traditional character as " the finest fish-market 
 in the world," clearly proceeding from more essential 
 claims. From an arched gateway on Water Street 
 you descend a gentle incline, and enter a large room 
 with aisles running lengthways on either side of two 
 rows of stalls floored with rough marble. The place 
 is clean but necessarily damp, and the chief attraction 
 to visitors is at the busiest season, say towards the 
 end of May. At that time especially, you may see 
 dozens of Salmon of an average in weight ot ten or 
 fifteen pounds. Examine them ! broad and round- 
 
 wmmmm^ 
 
CENTRAL FISH MARKET. 
 
 15 
 
 'ou are not j 
 ough fares | 
 jive crown 
 o the left 
 e the cir- 
 Here one 
 es, or till 
 St the way 
 Pleasant 
 his walk 
 terminus, 
 vernment 
 erted old 
 rown and 
 Fawson 
 h has its 
 ir line ; a 
 ewery of 
 je, coffee 
 he weary 
 ird-house 
 ands the 
 
 ructure. 
 -market 
 ssential 
 Street 
 e room 
 of two 
 e place 
 raction 
 ds the 
 ay see 
 ten or 
 round- 
 
 )acketl, deep-sided, the lavender of the fins contrasted 
 Mth the adjoining tint characteristic of the king of 
 fishes. The price may be about fifteen cents per 
 )ound. The figures in Yarrel and Agassiz make 
 the fish so long and slender as hardly to correspond 
 [with the Nova Scotian standard. The Halibut is 
 [now rather out of season, but may be seen stretched 
 lout i" his huge form and ungainly proportions. If 
 not a judge of the fin-piece beware how you get a 
 slice from a grey instead of a white fish. Of the 
 Haddock there is a show tempting to all fish-lovers, 
 who hold that after the salmon and sea-trout it is of 
 [surpassing flavour. Slab after slab is laden w'th 
 Codfishes of all the shapes and colours denotmg the 
 varieties of their kind, and of all sizes from two pounds 
 up to fifty. A local tradition tells of a monster that 
 when cleaned and dried weighed 112 lbs. I a quintal of 
 itself, — and a stone wighing 5 lbs. was formerly shown, 
 as taken from the stomach of another specimen. The 
 allied Pollock and Hake being in less repute for the 
 table are seldomer met with, though sometimes plen- 
 tiful. The CusK of flavour known to few, and the 
 Whiting, called here the Silver-hake, is common. 
 Spring Mackerel usually approach the coast at this 
 time ; sometimes in great numbers. Thrown in heaps 
 on the slabs rather than disposed with an eye to effect, 
 their probable next neighbours are the lustrous Her- 
 rings, and below, refractory Lobsters under their 
 covering of wet seaweed. A peculiar custom of this 
 market prescribes that none but marine captur'is shall 
 be vended within its wails. The fresh-water tribes 
 and some marine, too, of lower dignity, as the lake 
 trout, smelt, gaspereaux or alewife (a kind of herring), 
 eels and clams have the privilege of the curb stone — 
 where they are not to be lightly interfered with, even 
 by His Worship the Mayor. 
 
 Now take a look at the customers ! It is early 
 morning. Conspicuous in the eager throng, are the 
 regimental mess-man, the smart gun-room steward 
 from the Dockyard, and those of the different line 
 
16 
 
 MORTON S GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 Steamers that happen to be in port, jostling, though 
 in no rude fashion with gentlemans* servants, tidy| 
 serving damsels from the boarding houses, the thrifty 
 good-wife, basket on arm, to carry her own purchase, 
 the lady of colour from Preston, happy in having 
 secured for " a song " the large head of a cod or a 
 halibut that at Billingsgate would be deemed a prize 
 for an epicure. Few of the wealthier citizens attend 
 the market regularly of late years. Men and manners 
 are changed since the consumer trusted nobody but 
 himself to decide on the freshness of the gills and the 
 elasticity of the tail. There are those still living who 
 can call to mind when the Town-major, after 
 guard-mounting would ride to the market in full uni- 
 form to purchase his own dinner. That the 
 prices have risen latterly is undoubted. Some 
 say that it is not that the fisherman asks more, but 
 because his commodity pays a second profit on its 
 way to the consumer. Of the bygone reign of cheap- 
 ness some good stories are remembered. 
 
 Once an old fighting Governor was giving a dinner 
 in Halifax, when expatiating on the cheapness of 
 living he said, " Gentlemen, I have dined you all upon 
 that cod's head and shoulders for a crown. The 
 price would have been a guinea in London !" " And I 
 will dine Your Excellency on a better one than that 
 for a 'quarter!'" {then a shilling sterling) bluntly 
 replied a well-known resident from the foot of the 
 table. The Governor, who always knew where he 
 was, even when hurled from the star rampart into a 
 ditch in India, said nothing — but was s^n next morn- 
 ing at sunrise pricing every fish in the market, with 
 his cane. On returning home he immediately dis- 
 charged his servant ! the middle man. 
 
 A naval captain, new to the station, gave his steward 
 a sovereign to buy lobsters for the cabin dinner. The 
 man returned with a boat-load ! conveyed in two or 
 three wheelbarrows. 
 
 A writer in the London Lancet in 1862 says, — the 
 last thing he remembers of Halifax is a dispute 
 
CITY STREETS AND WALKS. 
 
 17 
 
 ing, though I 
 rvants, tidy 
 h the thrifty j 
 'n purchase, 
 ' in having 
 a cod or a 
 led a prize 
 sens attend 
 nd manners 
 lobody but 
 ills and the 
 living who 
 ajor, after 
 in full uni- 
 That the 
 d. Some 
 more, but 
 )fit on its 
 I of cheap- 
 s' a dinner 
 apness of 
 u all upon 
 vn. The 
 ' "And I 
 than that 
 ) bluntly 
 3t of the 
 I'here he 
 rt into a 
 Jxt morn- 
 ^et, with 
 tely dis- 
 
 > steward 
 
 er. The 
 
 two or 
 
 ys,-~the 
 dispute 
 
 itween a buyer and seller concerning the price of 
 )bsters, "one claiming his choice of the lot for three 
 |alf-pence, the other insisting that he should take 
 
 lem as they came I" Nevertheless the London 
 ^ress joins our own in sounding a different note since 
 
 »e recent large exportations of can'd lobsters from 
 mr shores, warning us against the unlimited destruc-' 
 lion of these animals, which, it may be, entails also 
 |he loss of other valuable tribes that feed on them, 
 md together serve to keep up the balance of nature. 
 
 Passing from the Market wharf, on the left are the 
 
 ffices of the City Engineer and Works, and facing 
 
 he Green Market stands the edifice containing the 
 
 (ffices of the Mayor and Police. The City Court House 
 
 tands facing the Market Square on Bedford Row. 
 
 t is a plain building of red brick with no pretensions 
 
 architectural elegance, but it is commodious and 
 
 as a history of its own. On the site it now occupies 
 
 itood formerly a wooden edifice, the basement of 
 
 Iwhich, early chroniclers inform us, was occupied as a 
 
 market, while the second story was in part used as an 
 
 exchange where the merchants and newsmongers of 
 
 the day were wont to congregate, to make bargains, 
 
 to learn of the latest intelligence from Europe, or to 
 
 discuss the floating gossip of the town as occasion 
 
 served. Halifax was then, as now, the point of the 
 
 American continent nearest to Europe, but near as it 
 
 was, it took the fleetest ships of the time — the rsjoops 
 
 and frigates of the Royal Navy, two, and in one case 
 
 even three months to get across the Atlantic with 
 
 the maihs. The battle of Waterloo would have been 
 
 fought and Napoleon on his way to St. Helena, before 
 
 the men of Halifax could be informed of his Escape 
 
 from Elba. The old wooden building, probably among 
 
 the first for public uses ever erected in the town, was 
 
 taken down and replaced by this structure, then known 
 
 as the *' Exchange Coffee-House," early in the present 
 
 century. In the basement story are the police station 
 
 and lock-up cells for unfortunates, either captured for 
 
 riotous behaviour or arrested gn suspicion of crime. 
 
18 
 
 MORTONS GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 Here the " drunks," black, white and grey, tattered 
 and often battered, are accommodated with lodging, 
 and frequently also with board, at the public expense, 
 until they can be ushered into the august presence of 
 the Stipendiary Magistrate on the ground floor. " Six 
 dollars or sixty days !" — words easily pronounced and 
 but lightly regarded by the motley crowd, filling each 
 morning the temple — presumably — of justice, but how 
 suggestive are those words to any thoughtful mind ! 
 A Hogarth or a Dickens, might find apt employment 
 for pencil or pen in many a morning sitting of the 
 civic tribunal, that from the number of colored berry- 
 picking patrons formerly frequenting it, has long been 
 distinguished by the soubriquet — " the huckle-berry 
 court." On the same floor as the Magistrate's court 
 are the offices of police and the Mayor's office, and on 
 the storey above are the offices of the City Treasurer 
 and the Recorder, besides committee rooms and a large 
 chamber in which the City Council holds its meetings. 
 The Council being composed of the Mayor, elected 
 annually by vote of the citizens, and eighteen aldermen, 
 also elected by popular vote, each for a term of three 
 years. 
 
 The City was incorporated in 1842. The first 
 Mayor, elected as the Act then required, by the alder- 
 men, from among their own number, was Stephen 
 Binney, a merchant of the City since deceased. The 
 Mayor for 1878, elected by the general vote of the 
 citizens is Mattthew H. Richey, who has repeatedly 
 occupied the same honorable position, and more than 
 once unopposed by any other candidate. 
 
 Going north from the Market Square, the junction 
 of LovVer with Upper Water Street is marked by the 
 wall of the Royal Ordnance yard and buildings. 
 Taking the course of these waterside streets we pass 
 many good warehouses and stores for general 
 merchandise, some having sail lofts in the attic 
 storeys, also provision, grocery and other stores in 
 great variety until Cunard's wharf is observed, where 
 the mail stean^rs fir^ accommodation. It was at 
 
CITY STREETS AND WALKS. 
 
 19 
 
 the office of the Hon. Samuel Cunard (who while 
 engaged in a general mercantile business also held 
 the agenc) of the General Mining Association) that 
 the project of an Atlantic Steamship Line had its 
 origin in 1840, and which was soon after so ably 
 carried to its results by the cooperation of Mr. Burns 
 of Glasgow and Mr. Maclver of Liverpool. Messrs. 
 J. B. Morrow and G. Francklyn are successors to the 
 firm of S. Cunard & Co., and they are the present 
 agents for the S.S. line of Sir Hugh Allan & Brother, 
 whose ships have carried the mails of the Dominion 
 to Europe since the contracts with the Cunard and 
 Inman lines terminated in 1871. Here also is the 
 [agency for the steamers tH«.t convey the mails between 
 jHalifax and Bermuda, ana to and from St. John's, Nfld. 
 Continuing the walk along Upper Water Street, 
 la few fine warehouses and marine-store shops in 
 [the alleys attract but a passing notice, until H. M. 
 INaval Yard is approached. This Dockyard occupies 
 halfa-mile of the water front, including a Commis- 
 sioner's residence and other houses sufficient for the 
 several employes whose official duties include the 
 handing and shipping of naval stores. The Yard had 
 [its foundation laid in 1758, and was enclosed on the 
 [the line of the present wall in 1770 as indicated by 
 [figures over the central gate. In 18 15 a celebration 
 [took place in this Dockyard on the memorable occa- 
 >ion of rejoicing that followed the battle and signal 
 nctory of Waterloo. The old inhabitants who were 
 then boys and girls remember that time of jubilee 
 ^hen a miniature ship was raised above the gateway, 
 md fully illuminated — thus serving as a centre of 
 attraction to the joyful crowds of all classes in the 
 town. The Yard is only opened to the public on 
 special occasions, but visitors are admitted if having 
 msiness with the resident officials on applying to the 
 janitor. In former times it was frequently made the 
 leadquarters for great aquatic contests of rival boat- 
 men ere the famous champion sculler George Brown 
 jad become the victor over all comers. It was then the 
 hentre for regattas almost annually, and the public 
 
20 
 
 MORTON'S GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 'H 
 
 (I •! I 
 
 iiil ! 
 
 thronged its .avenues to enjoy a summer day's plea- 
 sure with the best opportunity of witnessing the 
 races. It is now in this respect superseded by the 
 erection of waterside premises higher up the harbour, 
 the property of the R. H. Yacht Club, where the 
 starting point and goal for the boat races is defined 
 by members of the Club. At the extreme north of I 
 the Yard is the Naval Hospital, and opposite the 
 west or landward front is the Naval Cemetery and 
 grounds leading up to the Admiralty House. In this I 
 vicinity, but north of the Naval Yard, the Orphans' 
 Home, an excellent institution, may be conveniently 
 visited. Passing up Kaye Street to Fort Needham 
 hill, a wide view of the north suburbs and adjacent 
 country will be obtained, thence by Gottingen Street, 
 the Wellington Barracks and Admiralty House, 
 previously observed by the Water front, are approached 
 and seen to advantage by the front on Gottingen 
 Street. The last-named building is reserved for the! 
 accommodation of the Admiral of the station while on| 
 shore. The Wellington Barracks are built on a com- 
 manding site north of the Admiralty grounds on Got-| 
 tingen Street. The buildings are very commodious,! 
 affording the best accommodation to the garrison,! 
 being alternately occupied by one of the two regiments! 
 on the station, each exchanging, by removal to thel 
 citadel barracks at stated periods or seasons. The smallj 
 number of deaths annually occurring in the ranks of th( 
 military strength doing duty here, marks the salu- 
 brity of the climate, and gives emphasis to the claii 
 of title long since applied to Chebucto Bay near 
 Halifax, as "Le Baie Sainte." From this quarter there 
 are many buildings worthy of passing notice ere th( 
 south end of the street is reached, where it terminates at 
 the Citadel gateway. At its south end on a reservedl 
 square and lawn facing Brunswick St., stands the Gar- 
 rison chapel, a commodious building for the troops 
 belonging to the Church of England, also the Militaryl 
 Hospital erected in 1868 at a cost of ;i^ 1 50,000 stgf 
 It is well furnished with every needful appliance anc 
 well fitted to meet the demands of sanitary science. 
 
DRIVES ABOUT HALIFAX. 
 
 21 
 
 SEITES ABOVT HALZFAZ. 
 
 Taking a cab at his hotel, the tourist may proceed 
 
 to the Point Pleasant road and enjoy a waterside 
 
 Irive of a mile or two, combining with it a drive along 
 
 (he roads and avenues of the Park woods to the seve- 
 
 fal objective points of the peninsula. When half-way 
 
 jo the Park grounds the notable Steel's pond is passed, 
 
 ^hich has been the scene of many tragic events, the 
 
 ist hav.ing occurred in January, 1878, when by the 
 
 neaking of the ice under a pleasure sleigh when 
 
 Irossing, the two young women, occupants with the 
 
 Iriver, were drowned. A little further on is a cold- 
 
 /ater spring known as " the holy well," the resort of 
 
 Ihirsty pedestrians in the summer season, and near 
 
 W on the seaside the locality is pointed out where 
 
 |ne Edward Jordan suffered the penalty of the law on 
 
 'eb, 1st, 1 8 10, for an act of piracy, and was afterwards 
 
 iuried at the foot of the gallows tree, where he had 
 
 [een hung in chains for a prolonged period. Keeping 
 
 \e open beach at the left hand the several great forts 
 
 Ire reached and may be inspected. Here a good view 
 
 If the Lighthouse and of the island east of Point 
 
 [leasant may be obtained. On this (Macnab's) island 
 
 1866 the crew and passengers of the S.S England 
 
 )und a temporary hospital while quarantined in con- 
 
 jquence of the cholera, then prevalent on board. Dr. 
 
 )hn Slayter, with Drs. Gossip and Garvie volunteered 
 
 leir assistance with a small staff of nurses. Several 
 
 the patients recovered, but Dr. Slayter fell a victim 
 
 the disease. After a survey of the harbor 
 
 )proaches, and many points of beauly, by a turn to 
 
 le right hand the road to the North-West Arm may 
 
 le followed to the "chain battery" point. Here the 
 
 lighvvay turns abruptly to the east by the Prince's 
 
 ower. At this spot may be traced the remarkable 
 
 jams in bed-rock, referred by geologists to the glacial 
 
 ;riod, when ice-imbedded boulders passed over to the 
 
 [aters beyond. Now taking the road north by the 
 
 initentiary, also worth a visit, past the Public Gardens 
 
I'! 
 
 Ill 9; 
 
 22 
 
 MORTONS GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 by the Common and Cemetery to the Quinpool roadj 
 on the left, the head of the Arm is soon reached. 
 Thence the north course will lead by Dutch Village] 
 to Bedford Basin, by which a long waterside drive 
 may be taken, or by the Kempt or Campbell road al 
 drive of three miles will lead back to the City. If| 
 the left hand road be taken from the Arm head south- 
 ward, it will lead to Melville island by a quiet sylvan | 
 track, where, at the bridge connecting with the main- 
 land, admission to the island prison may be obtained. I 
 This commodious building was formerly used fori 
 prisoners captured in the French and American wars. I 
 Many of the French commissioned officers werel 
 allowed the freedom of parole, and lived at Preston,! 
 six miles distant, until peace was concluded. The] 
 rank and file found profitable recreation on the islandl 
 in fashioning toys and curious trifles of many kinds] 
 from the beef bones rescued as relics of their rations. 
 These they sold to their numerous visitors, and soi 
 provided themselves with tobacco and other "lux- 
 uries " not included in their bill of fare. Military! 
 deserters or convicts are now occasionally kept inj 
 confinement here. Visitors may cross the bridg< 
 under certain restrictions and make acquaintance witl 
 the little island (in charge of Mr. Draper) so invit- 
 ingly isolated amid the waters of the beautiful Arm.! 
 
 Flora. — The wooded hills that here slope, by] 
 gradual ascent, upward from the roadside afford plea- 
 sant and profitable visiting grounds to the tourist,! 
 who, botanically inclined, might wish to take with him! 
 a reminiscence of Nova Scotian flota. No other! 
 place in the vicinity of Halifax affords such variety of! 
 native species. Here we have as it were a botanical' 
 gamut ranging from the stately Beech to the deli- 
 cate oak fern — mosses and lichens of beautiful form! 
 and tint, that clothe the rugged granite boulders withj 
 vestments of green and gold ; the purple oxalis nest- 
 ling in shady hollows, the lily-leaved clintonia like! 
 the dream of a southern clime, heathwort redolent 
 of soft odours, ptimulas and coplis peering with timid 
 
 m\ \ \ 
 
THE PEOPLES GARDENS. 
 
 23 
 
 jyes out cf every mossy bank ; the wild cherry and 
 jomely-named hobble bush wreathed in snowy bloom, 
 laking pleasant contrast with the scarlet hues of the 
 red maple, and the delicate sea-green pendules of its 
 jtriped congener which the aborigines, " good obser- 
 vers as they are," owing to the penchant of our great 
 ;lk f6r its tender and succulent bark, called moose- 
 rood. Here, too, the hardy Birch, type of Arctic 
 forest trees, spreads its swaying branches and waves 
 its tremulous catkins as in welcome and benediction 
 to those who may seek rest within its shadow, while 
 soothing susurras from the neighboring pines come 
 to the ep*" like the softened chant of a psalm of peace 
 md tha giving murmuring through the aisles of a 
 lediaevu. cathedral. 
 
 TBS PEOFLS'S aABDElTS, 
 
 t first limited to a narrow square, now include the 
 everal lots lea:ed in 1848 by the late Alex. Fraseron 
 ehalf of the " Horticultural Society," a small com- 
 any of enterprising citizens who cultivated the area 
 ordering en Spring Garden Road, under lease from 
 he city fathers for many years. In 1875 the com- 
 any transferred the grounds and title to the Commis- 
 ioners of the Common, thus uniting the two areas 
 evoted to garden purposes, since then under the 
 ontrol and management of said Commissioners. This 
 ultivated spot lies east of Camp Hill Cemetery in 
 he form of a square, bounded north by Sackville St., 
 ast by Park St., and south by Spring Garden Road, 
 n 1874 the stream from Egg pond was conveyed to 
 nd through the grounds, and to the site of Griffin's 
 ond, at which spot an artificial lake was formed, 
 rotected by walled stone embankments for the u£ 
 ater-fowl — swans, wild geese and ducks in variety 
 or who.se benefit a small circular island with, house 
 for shelter is built up at the centre. This ample 
 arden area is protected from the north winds, being 
 nder the lee of the Citadel Hill, and is easy of 
 
]'\i 
 
 24 
 
 Morton's guidf to haliPax. 
 
 access from any quarter of the City. The Garden byl 
 its manifold attractions in summer, like a thing ofl 
 beauty is " a joy forever " to the citizens of all classes,! 
 who make it their resort with evident advantage onl 
 the score of health and pleasure. Military music isj 
 given at stated intervals during the warm season, at] 
 the hall of the Commissioners near the croquet! 
 ground — an attractive feature of the parterre that! 
 draws to it willing crowds of the " beauty and fashion "I 
 of the City, who, with the tourist of a day are wont! 
 to listen and admire while inhaling the delicious! 
 breezes that float over lawn and flower-bed. The] 
 fountains for the thirsty drinker, and others for orna- 
 mental purposes are supplied from adjacent lakesJ 
 whence the City water-works draw it through five] 
 miles of pipes, for protection against fire and for other 
 indispensible civic uses. The principal square anc 
 flower quarter has its fountain and flag-staff, where! 
 Nova Scotia's loyal banner is thrown to the breeze on! 
 holidays and all occasions when the ju^reniles muster! 
 in their strength to slake the thirst that pleasure or! 
 pastime does not satiate. A visitor, possibly inspired! 
 by the atmosphere of the Gardens, has penned the! 
 following lines as a tribute to Halifax, for which space! 
 admits only the quotation of three of the seven versesj 
 in the original : 
 
 " Arise Acadian City ! — fair City by the sea — 
 The towns of mighty empires full well might envy thee ; 
 By God-raised forts protected, by British cannon crowned, 
 Tny name may yet be famous, to earth's remotest bound. 
 
 Arise Acadian City ! Across the trackless seas 
 Pass on the wealth oi commerce to other lands than these. 
 Earth's sovereign Lord and Ruler hath placed no bonds on thee ; 
 Shake off thine own-made fetters, fair City by the sea. 
 
 Arise Acadian City ! In honest noble pride 
 
 The ocean proudly claims thee as bridegroom claims the bride. 
 
 Behold what wealth of waters lies roUing at thy feet ! 
 
 To add to ail thy treasures, and make thy power complete." 
 
 |i| I! ■ 
 
 ii : 
 
FORT MASSET CHURCH. 
 
 Si 
 
 
 ^^M 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 fm 
 
 ft. 
 
 ^^^:- 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 Fort Masset 
 Church is remark- 
 able for its architec- 
 tural merits, and is 
 the admiration of 
 all who examine its 
 interior structure. 
 It is cruciform in 
 plan, and is designed 
 with nave and side 
 aisles. The transept 
 is open, and the apse 
 containing the pul- 
 pit is groined and 
 has three traceried 
 windows. Nearly all 
 the several windows 
 in the Church differ 
 one from the other 
 design, there being upwards of twenty-five 
 -ieties of tracery. The roof is open-timbered, 
 Ith ornamental hammer beams resting on pillars 
 |th carved caps. Vermilion has been freely used to 
 ighten the interior. The lighting is provided in ah 
 active manner by "a continuous row of burners 
 [circling the Church under the clerestory window, 
 le piping is supported by brackets symbolical in 
 [sign. There are fine carvings of birds on nest, and 
 the act of flying and singing, on the stone bosses of 
 le windows in front which are worth inspection, 
 le Presbyterian Church is to be congratulated in 
 assessing a building which is a credit to the City, 
 was erected in 1871. The first pastor was the 
 lev. J. K. Smith, M. A., who removed to Gait, Ont, 
 Dec. 1874, after a pastorate of two years. The 
 [esent pastor — the Rev. R. F. Burns, D. D., formerly 
 Montreal — was settled in March, 1875. This con- 
 [egation has no seat rents, being supported by free 
 fll offerings plit into the plate at the Church door on 
 ibbath. Nearly Five Thousand Dollars were con- 
 
te 
 
 Morton's mriDE to Halifax. 
 
 tributed in this way during the past year. Its givini 
 for Church purposes since its formation have averagj 
 ^i lo a year ior each family, (8? families). Strange 
 visiting the city are always made most welcome. 
 
 St. Paul's.— "This CHURCf 
 was Built at the Expense 
 Government in the Year of Ou 
 Lord 1750." So runs the it 
 scription on a wooden tabid 
 over the south-eastern door 
 this now venerable edifi( 
 On the 2 1 St June, 1749, tl 
 Honorable Edward Cornwalli) 
 accompanied by over two thou 
 sand intending settlers, reach( 
 Chebucto <now Halifax) ha< 
 hour. By the 14th Septembe 
 a survey of selected giounj 
 was made^ and the plan 
 a town completed. In this plan one square wal 
 reserved for the erection of a church, and orderl 
 were immediately despatched to Boston for a framj 
 and such other building materials as were necessarj 
 to its erection. These in due time arrived, the framj 
 being constructed of oak and white pine, whicl 
 remains sound to this day. The design was sent bj 
 the Imperial Government, being that on which Sc 
 Peter's, Vere Street, London, was built. The copy was 
 exact, even to the size of the panes of glass. Ani 
 visitor to the metropolis of Great Britain may see St 
 Paul's precisely as it was previous to the year 181; 
 On September 2nd, 1750 the Church was opened foj 
 divine service, and on that day the Rev. William Tutl) 
 officiated in it for the first time. In 1752 this clergyj 
 man dying when on a visit to England, Rev. 
 Breynton was appointed a missionary in his plac( 
 and discharged his duties with zeal and success for 
 period of forty years. Events of the deepest interesj 
 
1^/'- 
 
 ST. Paul's church. 
 
 27 
 
 :urrecl <1urlng Ws {on% incumbency — events with 
 lich he and St. Paul's Church were identified. The 
 jgislature was in the habit of meeting for divine 
 rvice in tlie church ; the Indians assembled in it to 
 Include a treaty of peace ; the whole people gathered 
 it on the frequent occasions when the funeral 
 isequies of distinguished men, civil, naval and mili- 
 ry were performed. It is thus replete with the early 
 5tory of Halifax. About the year 1765 a fund was 
 d for the purchase of an organ, and a tradition 
 jists that a Spanish ship, on her way to South 
 merica, being brought into harbour as a prize, a 
 ntable instrument was found on board, and when the 
 lie of her cargo took place the organ was bought by 
 |e church wardens. This instrument long since 
 icame useless ; anew one was substituted A.D. 1825, 
 tich within the old case now stands in Trinity 
 
 Ihurch. In 1768 a severe storm swept over the 
 
 lity and demolished three of the windows. In 1798 
 le cupola and eastern side of the building were seri- 
 isly damaged, and repaired at a very considerable 
 cpense. In 18 12 the church was enlarged by an 
 Idition to the north end, and the erection of a new 
 
 teeple, in which was placed a chime of three bells, 
 ist at the order and expense of Mr. Andrew Belcher, 
 le son of Governor Belcher, and the father of the 
 
 Jistinguished Admiral the late Sir Edward Belcher. 
 
 In 1787 the Rt. Rev. Chas. Inglis, the first bishop 
 
 Ippointed to a colonial see, arrived in Halifax and 
 
 Ised St. Paul's as his cathedral. In 1791 Rev. Robert 
 
 )tanser succeeded Dr. Breynton and held the 
 ^ctorship until 18 16, when he was elevated to 
 )e bishopric and his place taken by Rev. John 
 
 [nglis. who also was appointed bishop upon Dr. 
 
 >tanser's resignation, which took place in 1825. In 
 le month of September of this year, Rev. Robert 
 ^illis was inducted into the parish, retaining his 
 
 fffice until 1865, in the spring of which year' he died 
 id was succeeded by the present incumbent, Rev. 
 
 reorge W. Hill, d.c.l., who had for some years been 
 
 lis curate. 
 
28 
 
 MORTONS GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 > 
 
 I ' 
 
 
 Within the last twenty years several alteratior 
 have been made in the building. In 1861 the larg 
 old-fashioned pews were remodelled, two being coil 
 verted into three, and the doors taken away. 11 
 1868 the demand for sittings became so pressing {h\ 
 the wings were added which furnished over 30 
 additional sittings. In 1872 the chanrel was built 
 the sole expense of the late Mr. Edward Binney. I| 
 1873 ^ "cw organ was erected, having been built 
 order in London. St. Paul's is more rich in mur( 
 tablets than any church in the Dominion, than evej 
 the cathedral of historic Quebec. There are forty-thre 
 marble monuments, eight escutcheons, two beec( 
 and one pine-wood tablets. Many of these are 
 great interest — Sir John Wentworth, — the two Bishoj 
 Inglis, father and son, — the soldier. Lord Montagu,- 
 the sailor. Captain Evans, — the Chief Justices Blower 
 and Halliburton, — the skilful and beloved hysiciar 
 W.B. Almon, — the pious and eloquent minister, Williar 
 Cogswell, and his no less honored sister, — togethej 
 with many others, are brought to memory by thesl 
 sculptured stones. Beneath the church are a numbel 
 of vaults, in which are interred several distinguished 
 persons, — one of them, the Baron de Sielz, waJ 
 buried in full uniform and with weapons beside himi 
 in accordance with an old feudal custom when thi 
 honors and titles of a noble house became extinct m 
 the death of the last of the line. St. Paul's is thi 
 oldest building of any importance in Halifax. It i) 
 150 feet in length, 90 feet in breadth, and willaccomj 
 modate comfortably about two thousand people 
 The church is open daily from 9 a. m to 6 p. m. 
 
 GRAFTON STREET METHODIST CHURCH. 
 
 TheWesleyan Methodists have several churches ii 
 Halifax, the two largest and finest being situated, on( 
 in North Brunswick St. and the other at south end o| 
 Grafton ^t. The Church and School-house connectec 
 with it on the latter street are handsome and convej 
 nient buildings, constructed in modern ecclesiastical 
 
ST. MARYS OATHEDRAL. 
 
 S9 
 
 n away. l| 
 pressing thj 
 lied over 3( 
 il was built 
 
 1 Binney. I| 
 been built 
 rich in muri 
 n, than eve| 
 ire forty-thn 
 3, two beecl 
 
 these are 
 
 2 two Bishoj 
 d Montagu,- 
 itices Blower 
 'ed hysiciar 
 ister.Williar 
 er, —togethej 
 ory by thes{ 
 are a numbel 
 distinguished 
 
 Sielz, waJ 
 
 beside hiral 
 
 m when thj 
 
 extinct bj 
 aul's is th| 
 alifax. It ij 
 1 willaccomj 
 and peopl( 
 
 ityle of red brick faced with granite, and occupying a 
 :ommanding position on the upper side of the street, 
 'he site of the premises on Grafton Street was for- 
 lerly a cemetery belonging to the Methodist body, and 
 church was built upon it about twenty-five years ago. 
 'his church unfortunately was destroyed by fire not 
 >any years afterwards (1869), but it was immediately 
 replaced by the fine structure here described. The 
 [ethodist Church in Brunswick Street, which is 
 ibout one hundred feet in length by fifty in breadth, 
 !an easily accommodate a congregation of twelve 
 hundred sitters, and the Church on Grafton Street 
 learly, if not quite ?s many. The other Methodist 
 'hurches in the City comprise, one on Kaye Street, 
 mother on Charles Street, a third on Coburg Street, 
 md the Mission House, a fine brick structure on 
 Jouth Brunswick Street, to which, the notices of 
 iieeting intimate. Strangers are cordially invited. 
 
 ST. Mary's cathedral. 
 
 Among the public buildings of the City, St. Mary's, 
 the Roman Catholic Cathedral, occupies a conspicuous 
 )lace. It is, perhaps, the edifice which, of all others, 
 irst attracts the notice of the tourist who approaches 
 [alifax by the harbor. This fine specimen of thirteenth 
 :entury Gothic, fronts one of the chief promenades, 
 ")pring Garden Road, near its junction with the much- 
 
 [requented, and rightly-named Pleasant Street. The 
 lost striking feature of the exterior of St. Mary's is. 
 
 Its decidedly fine and costly facade of cut granite — 
 
 Ihe product of native quarries in the vicinity. The 
 nterior, taking its tout ensemble^ is not unworthy of 
 
 Its exterior. Its apsidal chancel — its groined ceiling 
 -chaste pillars — spacious nave — admirably-stained 
 flass windows — fine organ, &c., make the interior 
 
 [veil worth a visit, not only for the piously inclined, 
 )ut for visitors whose aesthetic faculty enables them 
 
 10 enjoy the beautiful in art. In addition to the 
 Cathedral there are two capacious Churches belonging 
 
 [o the R. C. body, viz., St. Patrick's, on Brunswick 
 )treet, and St. Joseph's, on Gottingen Street — the 
 
111* 
 
 10 
 
 MOBTON 8 GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 mi 
 
 ir 
 
 first built of wood» and the latter of brick and stoneJ 
 These, however, when compared with the Cathedral! 
 have few pretensions to architectural claims. Th( 
 benevolent institutions and charities in connectionj 
 compristi the following : — 
 
 St. Mary's College, which is incorporated an( 
 enjoys an allowance from the Provincial treasury. Itl 
 has the power of conferring degrees. Its President! 
 is the Rev. R. Kearns. It has two professors ancl{ 
 sixty students. 
 
 The Convent and Academy of Sacred Heart- 
 located opposite the beautiful public grounds and! 
 near the Gardens. It was established as a boarding! 
 and day school in 1849, and founded from the parent! 
 institution at Manhattanville, N. Y. Superioress/ 
 Mother £. Mahoney. Number in community, 31.1 
 Boarders and scholars, 1 10. The building has! 
 recently been raised and added to, and all modern! 
 improvements introduced for the comfort and health| 
 of the pupils. 
 
 A parochial school, attended by over two hundred] 
 children. 
 
 St. Mary's Convent of the Sisters of Charity, neai 
 the Cathedral. 
 
 St Patrick's Convent of Sisters of Charity, in charge 
 of two Sisters. 
 
 St. Joseph's Orphan Asylum. There are 60 orphans 
 under the care of the Sisters. 
 
 The total number of Sisters in the diocese is 63. 
 
 The Societies of St. Vincent de Paul with three! 
 large conferences of th*? living Rosary (catechistical).! 
 The Apostleship of Prayer. Propagation of the Faith.| 
 
 Two young men's clubs for improvement and recrea- 
 tion are established in connection with the churches.! 
 St. Vincent's Hall is owned by St. Patrick's Y. M. Club.| 
 
 The Children of Mary. The St. Anne and th< 
 Consolors of Mary Societies have been established! 
 for years, and meet weekly at the Sacred Heart! 
 Convent. 
 
 On certain open days visitors are admitted and! 
 shown through these Institutions. 
 
CITY STREETS AND WALKS. 
 
 81 
 
 OUT STXtSETS A2TZ) WALZS. 
 
 After viewing the fortifications of the Citadel the 
 nirist, if with field-glass in hand, should follow with 
 le eye the approaches to the Point Pleasant Park in 
 le distance over land and water-side where the 
 ^aves come rolling in from the Atlantic, to kiss the 
 ;et of the pleasant shore stooping low to meet them, 
 'ollowing the wood-side to Tower Road, the view 
 lakes in the gardens and green fields to the west, 
 jmbracing a wide expanse, where picturesque sub- 
 irban residences are scattered over many a chosen 
 spot on the shores of this pleasant peninsula. After 
 jnjoying the telescopic view of the suburbs, the eye 
 Inay take in the aspect of streets and squares imme- 
 liately below and in fronfof the beholder from South 
 Irunswick Street to the harbour, which embrace the 
 locality of the Provincial and City Buildings, Police 
 |Station, many of the Banks and brokers' offices, with 
 the Parade, Markets, &c., extending along the harbour 
 jfrom H. M. Ordnance yard to the enclosures of 
 Queen's wharf and fuel yard. Then following the 
 course of South Brunswick Street walking north, from 
 the R, E. barrack gates, at the corner fronting on the 
 Citadel glacis is the new High School. At the next 
 corner is the public Dispensary. This Charity 
 began about the year 1832 under the auspices of Dr, 
 I John Sterling, senr., and Dr. William Gregor. It 
 had small beginnings, only occupying -at first the 
 ground floor of a small house on Granville Street, in 
 rear of the lot now occupied by the Club building 
 which f'ronts on Mollis Street. The promoters were 
 assisted in their philanthropic work by their several 
 pupils of that day, who numbered among them Dr. 
 George Snyder, afterwards of Shelburne, and Drs. 
 Thomas and John Stirling, junr. The gratuitous 
 advice and attendance of these gentlemen on the sick 
 poor had for many years only the reward of grateful 
 blessings of the patients, whose sufferings ever met a 
 willing hand with a gentle word to help them. On 
 
82 
 
 MORTON'p GUIf)E TO HALIFAX. 
 
 ■-i'l ! 
 
 the death or removal of these, the charity was in scmj 
 measure kept up by other practitioners and thcil 
 medical students, but without any recorded organil 
 zation till the year 1857, when a score or two o| 
 subscribers agreed to contribute annually towards it( 
 support, a committee of management being choscr 
 from those who contribted $4 each to the funds, anc 
 the Rev. J. C. Cochrane presided at their meetings] 
 The late Dr. F. Morris then assumed the charge, anc 
 the Institution was opened at his house in ArgyleSt] 
 where he continued to give his careful and laboriouj 
 attention to the duties up to the year of his death] 
 which occurred in 1868. The committee of manage- 
 ment held their monthly meetings at the Dispensary! 
 rooms, and published a report of operations annually.l 
 An effort was thereafter -made to provide suitabiel 
 premises, which resulted in the erection of the present! 
 Dispensary and morgue on South Brunswick Street,! 
 by funds derived from various bequests and a grant 
 from the civic treasury. The management is in the 
 hands of a President (Rev. J. C. Cochrane, d.d,,), two 
 Vice-Presidents, six Directors, a Secretary and Trea- 
 surer. The annual report gives the work ot the! 
 Institution for 1877 as, — 849 cases treated; 1921 
 consultations ; 444 surgical cases ; visits by the sev- 
 eral physicians, 4980 ; and prescriptions dispensed by 
 the apothecary, 11,046; with 670 for the other 
 charities of the City, and 50 for the poor of Dart- 
 mouth. 
 
 • 
 
 The Temperance Reform Club building, recently 
 fitted up for that association, stands at the opposite 
 corner on Prince Street facing South Brunswick 
 Street. It was originally the Waterloo tavern, but 
 the progress of temperance principles has brought it 
 to its present condition. It contains a hall for public 
 meetings of 58 feet length by 38 feet width, with a 
 height of 20 feet ; is well ventilated and lighted, with 
 large seating capacity and easy modes of exit in the 
 event of fire alarm. The ordinary club room is on 
 the basement with entrance from Prince Street. On 
 
ST. GEORGES CHURCH. 
 
 33 
 
 [his floor is the refreshment room, also the lavatory 
 
 md space for fuel. T.he attic contains the committee 
 
 rooms and the janitor's quarters. The meetings of 
 
 the Club, to which the public are admitted, are held 
 
 5very Tuesday and Saturday evening. The efforts 
 
 )f the Club members for the cause in which they are 
 
 engaged merit the encouragement and support of all 
 
 philanthropists, although not immediately connected 
 
 nth the organization. At the next corner is the 
 
 ICentral Fire Alarm and Engine House, head quarters 
 
 lof that indispensable organization, the Fire Brigade. 
 
 Illard by is Taylor's shoe factory, alike useful and orna- 
 
 Imental. Next comes the commodious Mission-house, 
 
 erected by the late Edward Jost for the benefit of the 
 
 poor in that vicinity. Passing on by the Garrison 
 
 Library, Pavilion Barracks, &c., we come to the 
 
 Church of the Redeemer on the one hand, St. Patrick's 
 
 R. C. Church and School on the other. Next at the 
 
 I corner of Cornwallis Street stands 
 
 ST. George's church. 
 
 The parish Church of St. George, commonly known 
 as the Round Church, to which the small church of 
 1 76 1 contributed to form a congregation, was erected 
 in the year 1800 on the west side of Brunswick St., 
 one of l'"'e finest streets of the City, where it is crossed 
 by Cornwallis Street. The materials of construction 
 are wood. There is a tradition accounting for its 
 shape, viz., that the Duke of Kent, father of our gra- 
 cious Queen, then at Halifax, had a fancy for round 
 buildings. His music-hall west of Bedford Basin, a 
 relic, still left of the olden time, is round, and the 
 Garrison Library, built under his auspices, was of 
 horse-shoe form. He may have had in mind the 
 form of one of three round churches in England, 
 one of which is at L^ngham Place in London. Ano- 
 ther tradition suggests that, as the Devil lurks in 
 corners, the old Germans, who largely assisted to 
 build the church, resolved to give the "old boy" no 
 hiding place, made their sanctuary round — having no 
 
34 
 
 MORTONS GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 M\' 
 
 ^f 
 
 corners. The shape of the building, at first sight so 
 unusual and striking, is said to. have drawn from a 
 sailor to his comrade in passing it the quaint exclai 
 ation, — " See Jack ! here's a church built by a coop»-i 
 — round as a barrel !" Notwithstanding this pecu- 
 liarity, however, the church is very commodious, and 
 presents a neat appearance. 
 
 The foundation stone was laid by Governor Went- 
 worth, April loth, 1800, during the incumbency ot 
 Rev. G. Wright, who held the living until 18 17. The 
 cost of erection was defrayed by collections in the 
 congregation, assisted by a gift of ;^200 sterling from 
 George III. On the death of Mr. Wright the Rev. 
 B, Gerrish Gray was appointed rector, and held the 
 living for eight years, when he removed to St. John, 
 N. B., 1825, and was succeeded by Rev. R. F. 
 Uniacke, who continued in office until his death, 
 June, 1870. During his incumbency the church was 
 consecrated by Bishop Inglis, Dec. 23, 1827. On the 
 death of his uncle, the present rector, Rev. J. B. 
 Uniacke was chosen to fill the vacancy. In 1827 
 the chancel was added to the church, which is sur- 
 rounded by elm trees and a grass lawn, with the 
 rectory and garden in its immediate vicinity. Of the 
 church interior it has been said in view of the last 
 Christmas ornamentation, — "This church on account 
 of its shape possesses superior advantages for decora- 
 tive purposes. Around the base of the gallery, letters 
 in spruce, with capitals in green and gold furnish 
 Scripture texts. Between the pillars in the gallery 
 are hung festoons of spruce, while the pillars that 
 support the gallery, ate wreathed spirally with the 
 like material, the fresh green contrasting prettily 
 with the ground of \vh\tt. The pulpit is festooned 
 with hemlock, the centre panel being trimmed with 
 holly (from the fatherland). The white marble font 
 is decorated by autumn leaves., and the basin, filled 
 with moss, is crowned with a superb boquet of flowers. 
 Along the front of the organ-gallery, in letters of 
 green and gold is the word * Halelujah !' and beneath 
 
 i.,ty 
 
ST. ANDREW S CHURCH. 
 
 35 
 
 I this a festoon of spruce is looped from side to side of 
 the chancel." This quotation may convey an idea of 
 the interior architecture of the church, and at the 
 same time afford evidence that for the evergreen 
 materials of decoration, it is only necessary to draw 
 upon the wild garden of Nature close at hand, where 
 they are found in abounding variety. 
 
 Taking Pleasant Street from the south a goodly 
 number of newly-built dwelling houses appear in 
 uninterrupted succession on the right. At the left 
 hand near the corner of Tobin Street stands 
 
 ST. Andrew's church. 
 
 This is a handsome structure of peculiar architec- 
 tural character — the light tracery of the early English 
 style, combined with the heavier Gothic imparting a 
 most pleasing effect. The exterior is striking — the 
 tapering spire, 150 feet high, being a prominent 
 object on entering the harbour. The belfry contains, 
 it is believed, the heaviest and most sonorous church- 
 bell in the City. The interior, designed by the well- 
 known Busche (almost a copy of the lower Kirche, 
 Antwerp), is chaste and elegant. The stained win- 
 dows, lofty oak-pannel'd roof, handsome choir screen, 
 and gallery with decorated wheel-window, and the 
 richly-carved walnut pulpit, said to be the finest piece 
 of carved church-work in the Lower Provinces, alto- 
 gether produce a charming picture, and make the 
 church well worth the inspection of visitors. It may 
 be worthy of remark that St. Andrew's is out of 
 debt, its congregation having entered it in 1870, 
 entirely free from that objectionable appendage. The 
 present congregation are the successors of the old 
 Relief Church of 1 8 1 8, originally members of Mather's 
 Presbyterian church, who separated in that year and 
 built the first St. Andrew's church, inseparably con- 
 nected with the memory of the Rev. John Martin, 
 who in his day was one of the most widely known 
 Presbyterian clergymen on this continent, and for 
 forty years filled its pulpit. He was succeeded by 
 
m 
 
 MORTONS GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 ■-.'\ 
 
 Rev. G. Boyd, now of Edinburgh ; by Rev. C. M. 
 
 Grant, now of Dundee ; by Rev. J. Campbell, now of] 
 Glasgow, all men of mark ; and recently by Rev. T. 
 Duncan. This talented and genial pastor was called i 
 to the charge of the congregation in 1876, and resides 
 at the manse east of the church. The janitor may be 
 found daily in the basement of the Church, and will 
 be happy to show visitors over the building at any 
 time between the hours of 10 a.m. and 6 p.m. 
 
 The Waverly House is the next notable building 
 on this street, and from its merits as a quiet resting- 
 place for the traveller, may be favorably noticed. 
 Near the junction of Pleasant with Harrington Street 
 on the east, stands the residence of the Lieut. 
 Governor, elsewhere noticed, and west stands the 
 monument erected to the memory of the Crimean 
 heroes, in the decorated grounds of the first Halifax 
 Cemetery. Overlooking these grounds is — 
 
 ST. Matthew's church, 
 
 — Originally Mather's Church, — It is ranked among 
 the finest ecclesiastical buildings of the City. 
 It is situated on Pleasant Street., having Govern- 
 ment House on the south, with the Academy of 
 Music and Bishop's residence on the north and 
 east. It is faced on the west by the old Pleasant 
 Street Cemetery, now disused. This elegant struc- 
 ture stands in a lot which was formerly a part of the 
 garden of the late Attorney-General Uniacke. It 
 is the principal church belonging to the Presbyterian 
 body in Halifax. It is surrounded on three sides by 
 a substantial stone wall with iron railing and double 
 gateway in front. The front of the structure is of 
 freestone with sides of brick, covered by mastic in 
 imitation of stone. The building possesses consid- 
 erable architectural beauty, is about ninety feet in 
 length by sixty feet in breadth, and can accommodate 
 nearly a thousand sitters. The main entrance is 
 surmounted by a massive square turret with elegant 
 pinnacles, from the centre of which springs a spire, 
 
ST. MATTHEWS CHURCH. 
 
 37 
 
 rising upwards of one hundred feet from the base of 
 the church. The windows are semi-Gothic in style, 
 in excellent keeping with the rest of the building. 
 The pews in the area of the church are richly cush- 
 ioned. The pulpit, which is of the old Scotch, rather 
 I than the modern American, pattern, is a work of art 
 reflecting credit on the taste of the artist. Imme- 
 |diately behind the pulpit, on the eastern end, there 
 is a rose window of beautiful design and finish, 
 admitting a " dim religious light." The total cost of 
 this fine building with the grounds, was about $i 1,250. 
 The present church was erected in the year 1859, 
 and is the successor of the old, historical St, Matthew's 
 (so commonly called), which with several other build- 
 ings perished by fire on the ist of January, 1857. 
 This latter structure stood upon a lot granted in 1749 
 by Lord Cornwallis, which is now occupied by the 
 extensive warehouses of Messrs. Doull & Miller, cor- 
 ner of Hollis and Prince Streets. St. Matthew's, 
 therefore, in age is coeval with the City itself. It was 
 at first a Congregational body, but very soon con- 
 nected itself with that section of Presbyterians 
 belonging to the Church of Scotland, and with which 
 it remained associated till the late union. Founded 
 about 1750, St. Matthew's has had during that long 
 period only eight clergymen. The' Rev. Thomas 
 Russell, the father of a well-known Halifax merchant, 
 G. N. Russell, who died some 25 years ago, was the 
 the first Church of Scotland minister of St. Matthew's. 
 He resigned in 1786, and was succeeded by Dr. 
 Andrew Brown, who afterwards became a professor 
 in Edinburgh University. Next came Rev. Dr. Gray, 
 who died in 1826. The Rev. R. Knox was appointed 
 Dr. Gray's successor, but was in 1823 called to Scot- 
 land, and there killed by a fall from his horse, The 
 Rev. E. Rennie succeeded Knox, but was not con- 
 firmed in the appointment. Then came the Rev. 
 John Scott, who occupied the pulpit for the long 
 period of 36 years. He was succeeded in 1863 by 
 the Rev. G. M. Grant, now Principal of Queen's 
 
88 
 
 Morton's ayiDE to Halifax. 
 
 I 
 
 ',31 
 
 ,1 
 
 ii 
 
 I 
 
 College, Kingston, Ont. His successor is the Rev. 
 R. Laing. The congregation is a large, liberal and 
 benevolent one, its contributions having for some] 
 years past averaged ten thousand dollars per annum. 
 A little further north stands the Music Hall at the| 
 east side, the Glebe House with St. Mary's schools 
 occupying the west side of the street. We next pass 
 on east side the first Masonic Hall, built 86 years 
 since, and now in temporary occupation as a high 
 school. Then the U. P. C. Hall and St. Paul's 
 Church, north of which, on the west of Barrington 
 Street, is the Grand Parade, the original drill ground 
 of the City, with Dalhousie College occupying the 
 north side of the square. Next comes Chalmers 
 Church, which formerly looked down upon scores of 
 dwellings, since converted into shops, auction rooms 
 and offices. An extension of this street connects 
 with Lockman, leading to North St. Depot, a centre 
 of trade and travel elsewhere described. 
 
 Hollis Street was one of the great thoroughfares in 
 the original survey of the City, and ran its length 
 from south to north. Commencing near the Engi- 
 neer's lumber yard at its junction with South Street 
 many new dwellings and some quaint and old houses 
 are passed before arriving at the Government House 
 on its eastern front. 
 
 THE GOVERNMENT HOUSE 
 
 "Was first erected on the site now occupied by the 
 Province Building or Parliament House. It was a 
 primitive structure, built in 1749 of materials brought 
 from Boston. The rooms were occupied by the 
 Governor early in October, and the first meeting of 
 his Council was held there on the 14th of that month. 
 The oblong table at which they were wont to assemble 
 has been preserved, and now stands (1878) in the 
 ante-room of the Council Chamber in the Province 
 Building. The Council consisting of six persons, was 
 organized for civil government on July 14th, 1749, on 
 board the transport ship Beauport. Their first house 
 
 
THE GOVERNMENT nOUSE. 
 
 ^9 
 
 )f meeting had for defence against all enemies, two 
 )r three pieces of ordnance mounted on hhds. of 
 jravel for the sake of solidity and convenience in their 
 [discharge, but no report of their efficiency has been 
 [handed down. On the removal of this " cottage " a 
 [new residence for the Governor was erected in the 
 year 1758 by Governor Lawrence, to which Lord 
 W Campbell added a ball-room ; and other additions 
 were made by subsequent Governors, but all these 
 were finally removed in 181 1 to make room for a 
 freestone buiidi ng. The site of the present Govern- 
 ment House (1878) was occupied originally by a large 
 wooden building as a dwelling for field officers and 
 military purposes during the time of the American 
 " revolution." In the year 181 1 the structure referred 
 to was removed to the head of Inglis Street, and 
 there afterwards occupied as a residence by the late 
 Col. Bazalgett, who in 1852 administered the Govern- 
 ment of Nova Scotia. On the vacated spot the corner- 
 stone of the existing gubernatorial residence was laid, 
 Sept. nth, 1800. The house as then built stands 
 three storeys high on the central east and west fronts, 
 with wings, north and south, of two storeys, which 
 extend many feet on either side beyond the west cen- 
 tral front. The wing rooms have long been used as 
 reception, levee, dining, and ball rooms, and here the 
 loyal Governors of the Province have been pleased 
 to call around them the eitie of the Provincial society 
 of fair women and brave men, whose galaxy of beauty 
 and gallantry contributed to make Halifax a centre of 
 attraction for the naval and military services. 
 
 It may be stated here that were it becoming that 
 so small a publication as a Guide-Book should seek a 
 patron under whose auspices it might announce its 
 dedication to the public, there is none to whom its 
 publisher would more gladly turn than to His Honor 
 the Lieut.-Governor of Nova Scotia, for the time, 
 Adams G. Archibald, whose able and genial adminis- 
 tration of the gubernatorial functions has approved 
 itself to the people of the City and Province of all 
 
40 
 
 MORTON'S GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 lH.il I 
 
 creeds and classes, and to whom the Historical Society 
 of Nova Scotia is indebted for an inaugural address 
 delivered on the anniversary of the natal day of 
 Halifax, June 21st, 1878. 
 
 Further north is the dwelling of His Lordship the 
 Bishop of Nova Scotia, and in the succeeding block 
 are the Halifax and International Hotels, with several 
 less public boarding-houses. Then follow the brokers' 
 offices, Club building and principal shops, and on the 
 west side is seen the 
 
 PROVINCIAL PARLIAMENT BUILDING. 
 
 Representative Government was first established 
 in Nova Scotia (then including the present Province 
 ol New Brunswick) in 1758; but the representatives, 
 then consisting of 19 members, were without a suit- 
 able home up to the year 181 1. It was then resolved 
 to erect the present building, the corner-stone of 
 which was laid on the 12th day of August of that 
 year, and in the summer of 18 19 the work was com- 
 pleted. The length of the building is 140 feet, width 
 70 feet, and height of east front 42 feet. The entire 
 cost was ;^5 2,360 ys. old Halifax currency, or about 
 $209,400. Up to 1830 this WPS said to be the finest 
 building in North America, but it has since been out- 
 stripped by the splendid architecture of other cities 
 both in the Dominion and the United States. Over 
 the iiollis St. entrance is a convenient library, well 
 stocked with works on law, history and science. On 
 the walls of the electi a chamber are life-size portraits 
 of political leaders A the past decade, viz. : Hon. 
 J. W. Johnston and Hon. Joseph Howe, long time 
 rivals, but finally united by harmony of views on the 
 broad policy of confederation. In the Council Cham- 
 ber are full-length portraits of several kings and 
 queens of Great Britain, those in position near the 
 dais being much admired for the possession of 
 unusual merit. Here may also be seen portrayed the 
 principal judicial cclchriiics of ihe Province who have 
 passed away, with Nova .Scotia's military heroes, 
 lo'ilis of Lucknow andVVilliains of Kars ! 
 
 liii I 
 
 ■iil^ilii.ii»i£,.ii£iiJi- 
 
THE NEW PROVINCE BUTLDINO. 
 
 41 
 
 rical Society 
 iral address 
 latal day of 
 
 ordship the 
 ■^}ng block 
 vith several 
 ■he brokers' 
 and on the 
 
 In 1826 this building was made the scene of gay 
 festivities, the occasion being a ball in honour of the 
 then Lieut.-Governor, Sir James Kempt. Similar 
 entertainments have been occasionally given from 
 time to time, notably one to the Prince de Joinville, 
 who visited Halifax in the Be/Ze Pouie frigate, Sept. 
 14th, 1 841, and more recently to H. R. H. the Prince 
 of Wales, who in July, i860, landed at H. M. Dock- 
 yard, and proceeded to the residence of the Lieut.- 
 Governor beneath a succession of splendidly decorated 
 arches and banners of welcome, and amid cheers and 
 joyful greetings of assembled thousands. A ball on 
 the 31st, that taxed the resources of nature and art, 
 and surpassed all previous local experience, was a 
 splendid conclusion to the reception given to the son 
 of our Queen by her loyal and loving subjects in 
 this part of the Dominion. 
 
 Nearly opposite this first Provincial Building stands 
 
 THE NEW PROVINCE BUILDING, 
 
 as it is familiarly designated, is doubtless the finest 
 public building in the Lower Provinces. It is the 
 property of the Dominion Government, dnd principally 
 occupied as a Custom House and Post Office. It 
 stands in a convenient and commanding position near 
 the harbour, and has a frontage on four streets, viz., 
 Duke, Hollis, Cheapside and Bedford Row. The 
 building is 120 feet in length and 55 feet in width, 
 with a projecting portico on the South front of 30 by 
 5 feet. It is four stories high with pitch roof, and a 
 cupola rising out of the centre of the roof to a height 
 of about 100 feet. Except the basement, which is of 
 fine cut granite, the building is of freestone. The 
 style of architecture is Italian renaissance, and with 
 its elaborate carving is probably the most profusely 
 decorated building in the City. The south pediment 
 is surmounted by a statue of Britannia, 12 feet in 
 height. The western half of the building on the three 
 first storeys is occupied by the Post Office department, 
 and the eastern half by the Customs, the Inland 
 
42 
 
 MORTON'S GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 Revenue and Finance Offices. On the upper storey 
 
 he office of the Marine and Fisheries, and some 
 
 or offices connected with the Customs. A large 
 
 jm on the south front of this storey is occupied as a 
 
 .Juseum. 
 
 THE PROVINCIAL MUSEUM 
 
 is an institution which belongs to, and is kept up by, 
 the Local Government of the Province. It is well 
 worthy of a visit. The collections in it are extensive 
 and well arranged, being classified under the heads : 
 Mineralogy (Scientific and Economic) ; Geology ; 
 Zoology ; Botany ; Ethnology, and Miscellaneous. 
 The enquirer after any department of the mineral 
 resources of the Province, will obtain information 
 which he cannot, otherwise, readily secure. The 
 naturalist will see choice collections in the various 
 branches of Natural History specially Provincial. The 
 ethnologist will find much that is interesting in the 
 department of Ethnology; and visitors generally can- 
 not fail to become wiser by spending half an hour in 
 this part of the building. The Museum is open daily 
 from lo to I o'clock, and from 2 to 4 ; on Saturdays 
 from 10 to I only. 
 
 Further north on Hollis Street are the banking 
 houses of the Merchants', the Nova Scotia, and 
 British North America Banking Companies, the first 
 named built within the past year (1877) upon the site 
 of one of the Halifax hotels of a century ago, is of 
 freestone, with supports and pillars of polished granite 
 of Nova Scotia product and workmanship. Then 
 follow some well-filled shops and warehouses, among 
 the latter being the Jerusalem warehouse, of famous 
 importance in its early days ere the old structure gave 
 place to the new. At the Ordnance gate a glance 
 may be taken at the varied contents of the square, 
 the more striking among them being the cannon balls 
 and shells with their companion implements of war- 
 fare, the whole being overlooked by a guard-house 
 with a sentry on duty. On a line parallel with the 
 ordnance stores are located the houses and wharf 
 
THE MASONIC TEMPLE. 
 
 4& 
 
 upper storey 
 •s, and some 
 's- A large 
 ccupied as a 
 
 kept up by, 
 Jt is well' 
 e extensive 
 the heads: 
 Geology • 
 '^eJianeous! 
 le mineral 
 "formation 
 ure. The 
 he various 
 icial. The 
 »g in the 
 -rally can- 
 n hour in 
 pen daily 
 Saturdays 
 
 long known as Marchingtons, at the head of which 
 itood the British coffee-house, where Prince William 
 
 [enry attended a ball given in his honour in the year 
 J 1 786. On the ground here occupied by the Granite 
 stores, now Acadia corner, on Bell's Lane once stood 
 a mansion of the Boston model, long devoted to fash- 
 ionable parties, when princely festivities were the 
 correct thing, and indeed were the rage during the 
 early years of this nineteenth century. 
 
 Turning here into Granville Street which runs 
 parallel with Hollis Street, and going southward from 
 number one, we pass the celebrated shops of various 
 merchandise, admittedly the finest of their kind in 
 the City. The evening aspect of these marts of busi- 
 ness when in the full blaze of gaslight splendour will, 
 however, better repay the inspection of the visitor. 
 Passing the Provincial Building by the west front, we 
 observe the Y. M. C. A. building of six stories, 
 reaching 105 feet from the street level to the t p. It 
 is built of brick with granite facings, in the free 
 Gothic style. Further south is the Granville Street 
 Baptist Church, and at the corner where Granville 
 touches Salter Street, stands 
 
 THE MASONIC TEMPLE. 
 
 This is an imposing edifice, creditable to the Craft, 
 well located for central position, though somewhat 
 obscured by its site in rear of the old Masonic Hall. 
 Its lofty dome forms a striking feature in the perspec- 
 tive, looking from north Granville Street, where the 
 eye is first caught by the circular turret of the Y. M. 
 C. A. Hall, and then passes to the dome of this struc- 
 ture. A polished granite foundation stone at the 
 north-east angle of the building gives the particulars 
 of its erection. The style of the Hall is Italian, with 
 Mansard roof. The angle contains a lofty dome, on 
 which again rests a cupola, from whose apex rises a 
 gilded vane having a great eye looking to the east. 
 The material used is brick covered witli mastic, and 
 the cost of erection was a little in excess of ^30,ooa 
 
44 
 
 MORTON'S GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 il* 
 
 The Hall on the ground floor affords a ball or lecturel 
 room equal to any in the City, and which is conve-| 
 niently reached from every quarter. 
 
 Here, turning east into HoUis Street, the pedes- 
 trian will find himself near the door of his hotel,! 
 doubtless with an appetite sharpened by the pure air] 
 of morning. 
 
 THE DUTCH CHURCH ON GOTTINGEN STREET. 
 
 The smallest of existing churches is perhaps the 
 plain square building, commonly known as the Dutch 
 Church, erected in the year 1755 by funds arising in 
 part from private subscription, and supplemented by a 
 grant of about ;^47 by the Executive Council of 
 Government. It was first used as a school house". In 
 1760 a steeple was added surmounted by a weather- 
 cock, from which circumstance arose the term 
 *' chicken-cock church," jocularly applied to it. In 
 1 76 1, the date ii bears, the house was consecrated as a 
 church by the Rev. Dr. Braynton, rector of St. Paul's, 
 and the name St. George's given, but this name was 
 subsequently taken for the parish church erected in 
 1811, which is also known as the Round Church in 
 the parish of St. George. The small church was 
 intended for the use of the Lutheran congregation 
 that came to Halifax in 175 1-2, at the suggestion of 
 King George II. The majority of the German 
 settlers, however, after three or four years dela)', had 
 embarked for Merliguesh harbor, and there founded 
 the now thriving town of Lunenburg. Those who 
 remained occupied lots in the northern section of 
 Halifax, the streets of which bear the names of Got- 
 tingen and Brunswick, and the settlement was com- 
 monly known as Dutch-town. The grounds beside 
 the church were used as a cemetery, and headstones 
 yet remain of dates anterior to that of the church, 
 bearing the names of early German settlers. Near by 
 was a block-house for defence, the site cf which tradi- 
 tion assigns to ground designed for a parsonage. 
 Bernard Honzeal, one of the Loyalists of New York, 
 
X. 
 
 DRIVES ABOUT IIAUFAX. 
 
 45 
 
 all or lecturel 
 'h is conve-l 
 
 the pedes- 
 
 'f his hotel, f 
 the pure air 
 
 >TREET. 
 
 erhaps the 
 the Dutch 
 arisinjrr /^ 
 
 ^n ted by a 
 -ouncii of 
 house". In 
 weather- 
 -he term 
 it. In 
 ^ated as a 
 !t. Pauls, 
 ime was 
 ected in 
 lurch in 
 ch was 
 egation 
 J^tion of 
 'Crman 
 ly. had 
 >unded 
 e-who 
 ion of 
 
 Got- 
 
 com- 
 )eside 
 tones 
 iirch, 
 arby 
 radi- 
 •age. 
 ork, 
 
 was the officiating missionary, who died in the year 
 i8cx). Finally, after the death of two successors the 
 congregation merged into that of St. George's, and 
 the old church revefted to its original character, and 
 is now used for school purposes, being still kept in 
 good repair at the age of one hundred and twenty 
 odd years. The quaint old building enables the 
 weatherwise, as of old, to divine the changes by the 
 movements of the weather-cock perched on its steeple, 
 although the barometer and storm drum are more 
 influential in moulding the modern weather guage. 
 
 Churches. — The several churches not elsewhere 
 named are as follows : — The Bishop's chapel on 
 Robie Street, a notice of which, by the press, intimates 
 that all the seals are free. Trinity free Church, Jacob 
 St., with an inscription on the front, " This Church is 
 for the Poor and the Stranger forever." St. Mark's 
 Episcopal Church, Russell St. Chalmers Presbyte- 
 rian Church, Barrington St. Poplar Grove Church, 
 Starr St. St. John's Church, Brunswick St., to all 
 of which visitors will no doubt find a welcome. Also 
 North Baptist Church on Gottingen St. announces 
 "seats free, all are cordially invited." Baptist Church, 
 Granville St., "all are invited to attend." The Tab- 
 ernacle, third Baptist Church, North Brunswick St 
 Free Baptist Church, corner of Starr St. on Hurds 
 lane, intimation, "all are invited to attend." Church 
 of the Redeemer, North Brunswick St., to which 
 " Strangers are cordially invited." 
 
 .}-■ 
 
 DZUVSS ASOTTT SALXFAZ. 
 
 Another pleasant drive for the tourist, is by the 
 highway leading past the Richmond R. R. Depot to 
 the Four-Mile House, a large inn for " the entertain- 
 ment of man and horse " on the way to or from the 
 City. Near by is the Convent and Academy of 
 Mount St. Vincent — Mother House of the Sisters of 
 Charity — newly erected. It fronts the waters of the 
 
4e 
 
 MOUTON8 aUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 Basin, affording accommodation to 50 boarders. 
 Bedford's sliining expanse of sea water contains ten 
 square miles of anchorage for large or small vessels. 
 It is a favorite resort for matches of the Royal Halifax 
 Yacht Club's fleet, and for other boat races. On its 
 shores there long existed some remains of the French 
 Armada, from whose dead, of marines and sailors. 
 1300 were buried in 1746. It was only in 1784 that a 
 settlement was made here by the Loyalists, driven 
 from Massachusetts. At a point two miles from the 
 inn before named are the grounds and sites of build- 
 ings erected by or for the Duke of Kent, and occu- 
 pied as a country seat, music hall, guard house, &c., 
 with gardens and sylvan walks, while he resided at 
 Halifax from 1794 to 1800. The guard house was 
 subsequently occupied as the Rockingham Inn, being 
 the place of meeting of the Rockingham Club, and 
 the resort of many visitors from the City garrisons. 
 It was destroyed by fire some twenty years since. 
 
 A few miles further on, the road leading to 
 Hammond's Plains is seen on the left, where a settle- 
 ment was made in 1815 by free'd blacks rescued from 
 " slavery " by the British fleet off the shores of Mary- 
 land and Virginia. The rising generation of their 
 descendants are now enjoying a share of the benefits 
 derived from the system of common schools that now 
 prevails. The completion of ten miles brings the 
 traveller to Bedford village, with its quiet and com- 
 fortable inns, where a view of the surrounding 
 scenery may be enjoyed — not omitting the telescopic 
 view of the war ships at anchor in the lower harbor 
 near " the Narrows." The drive may be extended 
 hence to Waverly four or five miles, where the gold- 
 quartz mines in that vicinity, worked to a depth of 
 2(X) feet, are not yet exhausted. Thence the return 
 to Halifax by the eastern road may include a call at 
 the Montagu gold mines, which are being worked with 
 profit, on a small scale of operations. The gold 
 obtained at these Nova Scotia mines is purer and 
 finer than that of California or Montana, as proved 
 
BALIFAX MEDICAL COLLCQE. 
 
 47 
 
 boarders, 
 tains ten 
 I vessels. 
 iJ Halifax 
 
 On its 
 ' French 
 
 sailors. 
 84 that a 
 . driven 
 rom the 
 f build- 
 d occu- 
 se, &c., 
 icJed at 
 se was 
 I, being 
 b, and 
 risons. 
 ce. 
 
 ng to 
 settle- 
 J from 
 Mary, 
 their 
 nefits 
 tnow 
 3 the 
 com- 
 iding 
 •opic 
 rbor 
 ided 
 old- 
 1 of 
 urn 
 I at 
 'ith 
 old 
 md 
 red 
 
 by the mint coinage. Four miles further travel 
 brings us to Dartmouth, and by means of the steam- 
 ierry to the dock, the return to Halifax is completed. 
 With an hour to spare, the tourist may cross the 
 Dartmouth ferry, and drive either to Preston by the 
 lakes, turning south to Lawrencetown — a settlement 
 formed by Governor Lawrence in 1758 for twenty 
 " landed proprietors," — or may continue east to " Lake 
 Porter " to enjoy the comforts of Stuart's hotel and 
 watering place, when by turning to the Cole Harbour 
 road on return, he will obtain a pleasing change of 
 scenery with the benefit of the shore breezes. If he 
 prefers the open ocean he may take the right-hand 
 road at the Dartmouth ferry and follow it by the 
 eastern passage to " Cow Bay." This is a healthful 
 watering-place about eleven miles from Dartmouth 
 (and may also be reached by boat from Halifax), being 
 remarkable for its constantly cool temperature during 
 summer, and its fresh airs from the Atlantic, beside 
 which its scattered farm-houses stand in rural beauty. 
 The point of high land dividing the beaches confronts 
 the open sea, and from it may be seen the coasters 
 and steam-packets on their approach to, or their 
 departure from Haiifax harbour. The bay is a 
 favorite summer resort, by reason of the perfect free- 
 dom there enjoyed to wander along the beaches, 
 collect sea-shells on the wave-washed shore, and 
 watch the play of the beach-birds or the skiffs of the 
 fishermen as they double the little cape. It is being 
 much frequented by invalids and others who delight 
 in marine scenery or enjoy the free and open facilities 
 for a seaside bath. 
 
 SALXFAZ XfSDZOAL OOLLEaS. 
 
 Among the places of interest for many visitors is 
 the Medical College facing the Provincial and City 
 Hospital and Poors* Asylum. The present structure 
 was erected in 1875, and is now fully equipped as a 
 first-class medical teaching institution. The exterior 
 
48 
 
 MOR'^ON*S GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 is plain bi't subst'Antial, and the interior very well 
 arranged for the cunfortand convenience of the stu- 
 dents. On thj basement are the janitor's rodm and 
 a student's waiting room, supplied with medical and 
 other journals, and a museum and library. On one 
 floor are the lecture rooms, capable of seating eighty 
 students, well I'gated, warmed and ventilated, — the 
 "Materia medica" cabinet, containing a collection 
 of specimens, and the chemical laboratory. The 
 second floor has a large, thoroughly ventilated dis- 
 secting room, with patent " lift " and lavatory, 
 adjoining wb'ch is the room for practical chemistry, 
 supplied with all the needful apparatus. The Faculty 
 consists of leading gentlemen of the profession. 
 
 The college has now been in operation for eleven 
 years, showing a steady increase in the number of 
 students. In 1867, several gentlemen then connected 
 with the Hospital and Dispensary, recognizing the 
 advantage enjoyed by Halifax as a medical centre, 
 and for the study of the various diseases which occur 
 in a much frequented seaport, originated the present 
 school. From the harbor being open winter and 
 summer, there is no cessation of new arrivals. 
 While the hospital is constantly supplied from this 
 source, it receives a yet greater number of cases from 
 other parts of the Province. Further, the student 
 has thrown open to him the resources of the Alnw- 
 house, with its lying-in wards and chronic and incur- 
 able cases, and also the City Dispensary, where he 
 may study affections of the eye and ear, and the 
 minor complaints and operations which make up the 
 ordinary routine of practice. 
 
 The institution is now well established, its classes 
 increasing, and its graduates, both at home and 
 abroad, take high position amrng their professional 
 brethren. 
 
BENEVOLENT INSTITUTIONS. 
 
 4ft 
 
 ssxTsvoLSijrr nTSTZTTrrzoiTS. 
 
 The site of several charities not specially referred 
 to elsewhere, may be found as follows : 
 
 poors' asylum 
 
 stands in enclosed ground west of the Tower road 
 on Morris Street. It commends itself as a stately 
 palace of brick and ornate architecture devoted to the 
 free use of the poor, and will accommodate as many 
 as 500 inmates. It was erected at a cost of $260,000. 
 It was until recently managed by a Board of Com- 
 missioners, each one of whom took a month's super- 
 vision in turn. The Poors' Asylum is not in any 
 sense denominational, poverty and want being the 
 only and all-suflficient claim to its hospitality. The 
 full number of inmates at the present time, nearly 
 500, adults and children of both sexes and all ages 
 being accommodated. 
 
 THE infants' home, 
 
 one of the youngest of the city charities, is a fruitful 
 institution, at the corner of Inglis Street and Tower 
 Road. Its life-saving apparatus has been applied 
 so efficiently^ that more than fifty cases per annum 
 appear by the report to have been attended to, and 
 the lives of two-thirds of the whole number of 
 foundlings rescued, have been saved. 
 
 THE INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL FOR BOYS 
 
 stands outside the city, on the Quinpool road leading 
 to the N. W. Arm. This excellent institution has been 
 successful in transforming many wild and reckless 
 boys of the town into useful members of society, by 
 affording them instruction in the several mechanical 
 trades. 
 
 HOME FOR THE AGED. 
 
 This institution, as a Refuge for destitute gentle- 
 women, was first suggested by a lady, who observed 
 8 
 
 s: 
 
 
50 
 
 Morton's guide to Halifax. 
 
 the necessity of making provision in old age, for 
 those who might be considered as superior to the 
 calls oi direct charity, yet possessing means too 
 limited to provide themselves a comfortable home. 
 Funds to the amount of ^4,000 were proffered by 
 the late William Murdoch, a merchant ot Halifax, as 
 the nucleus of a fund for carrying out the suggestion, 
 and to this smaller donations were added, and a com- 
 mittee appointed to carry the plan into practical 
 operation. The object was attained by small begin- 
 nings, and on the 26th of June, i860, the house in 
 Gottingen Street known as the " Golden Ball," was 
 first occupied, and a Matron or housekeeper — Mrs. 
 Mackie — appointed. D. McN. Parker, m. d., Charles 
 Murdoch and Edward Binney, Esquires, were chosen 
 Trustees. Three inmates as boarders were first 
 admitted, a number which has since been increased 
 to twenty. Fifty-four boarders in all have been 
 admitted from the date of opening, during the 
 eighteen years since elapsed, of which number 20 
 have died at the Home. 
 
 The first building having proved too small, a larger 
 one^ now occupied, also in Gottingen Street, was 
 purchased by the Committee at a cost, including 
 repairs, of $5,560, and finally paid for from sums 
 accruing from the following donors, and others of 
 smaller amount.* 1872 — Robert Noble, bequest, 
 $40. 1873 — Mrs. Crick, $40 ; Miss Ann Coyle, 
 $295 ; Hon. Enos Collins, $2,000. 1874— Mrs. A. 
 Wallace, of Musquodoboit, $389.33. 1875 — Miss 
 Isabel B. Cogswell, bequest, $4,000 ; Mrs. W. Bauld, 
 $200. 1876 — C. D. Hunter, bequest, $450. 1877 — 
 ]: Macara Walker, $1,000. 1878 — Charles Roche, 
 $100. 
 
 On the decease of C. Murdoch, Esq., Trustee, 
 T. S. Peters, Esq. was appointed to the vacancy. 
 
 IS 
 
 ♦ The iriterest of which, with the fci of adiuission payable by 
 every boarder, has sufficed to maintain the institution. 
 
THE ASYLUM FOR DEAF MUTES. 
 
 51 
 
 age, for 
 • to the 
 tins too 
 i home, 
 sred by 
 iifax, as 
 ^estion, 
 
 a com- 
 ractical 
 
 begin- 
 )use in 
 11," was 
 ^Mrs. 
 Charles 
 chosen 
 e first 
 Teased 
 been 
 >g the 
 ?er 20 
 
 larger 
 was 
 uding 
 
 sums 
 rs of 
 
 uest, 
 
 oyle, 
 A. 
 
 Miss 
 
 auld, 
 
 77— 
 :)che, 
 
 stee, 
 
 e by 
 
 The Home may be visited by friends of the 
 inmates, or by strangers, who desire to see the 
 admirable order and management of this useful and 
 truly charitable institution. 
 
 THE ASYLUM FOR DEAF MUTES, 
 
 pleasantly situated on the east side of Gottingen 
 Street, is among the most useful of our humane insti- 
 tutions. Its inmates call only the more strongly for 
 sympathy from their appeal being voiceless, and the 
 Directors, in their report to January, 1878, claim for 
 it a position second to none in the city for usefulness 
 and efficiency. The last annual report was printed 
 at the institution, in a style that would do no dis- 
 credit to any office in the trade. In the language of 
 the Directors, " the visitor to their abode would not 
 imagine that there was anything wanting, less than 
 is enjoyed by the most favored of their kind," where- 
 upon a reviewer remarks that but twenty years ago 
 thi$ class of our population were totally neglected, 
 and living in utter ignorance of all that concerns 
 their welfare here and hereafter. The Principal, 
 Mr. J. Scott Hutton, considers the past year to have 
 been one of the most satisfactory in the history of 
 the institution. The present number of pupils is 52, 
 and only two deaths have occurred within the last 
 five years. The whole number admitted since 1876, 
 has been 194, of whom 148 have left. Industrial 
 training is made an essential part of the education. 
 The girls are employed in sewing, knitting, and 
 other household work, — the boys in printing, carpen- 
 tery, and miscellaneous work. 119 of the pupils 
 were born deaf ; 75 lost their hearing in childhood, 
 from accident or scarlet fever. 20 of the former 
 pupils are married — seven of them to partners with 
 the gift of hearing. From these 20 marriages have 
 sprung 18 living children, only one — the child of 
 deaf mutes — showing the parental infirmity. Of 
 former pupils, more than 20 per cent, have become 
 communicants in different churches. 
 The charity is open to visitors. 
 
52 
 
 MORTON'S GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 ASYLUM FOR THE BLIND. 
 
 The Asylum for the Blind, one of the most inter- 
 esting of benevolent institutions, stands upon a 
 portion of the South Common, between South Park 
 Street and Tower Road. The main building is a 
 handsome structure of brick and stone, facing on 
 West Morris Street, and surrounded by spacious 
 grounds. To the main building has recently been 
 added a commodious gymnasium and workshop, 
 where the pupils can be employed or amused at all 
 seasons of the year. The most improved methods 
 which experience and enlightened philanthropy can 
 suggest, are, in this noble institution, brought into 
 play, and with very marked success. Of course, after 
 instruction in reading (taught by the use of Mr. 
 Moon's raised characters), music enters largely into 
 the intellectual development and enjoyment of the 
 inmates. It is accordingly seen that, in addition to 
 the other suitable appointments of the charity, no 
 less than Rve pianos and an organ are in constant 
 requisition. The Asylum, which has been in opera- 
 tion for seven years, is under the supervision and 
 management of a committee of citizens selected by 
 the Provincial Government. 
 
 
 TSS OOUAT SOTTSS. 
 
 This building was completed in the year i860, 
 under the supervision of commissioners appointed 
 for that purpose. It is a large and imposing structure, 
 with a highly ornamental front. It is built of free- 
 stone, and rests on a foundation of granite. It is 
 pleasantly situated, facing on the south side of Spring 
 Garden Road, having on the east side the old St. 
 Paul's churchyard, with its grass and grove, and on 
 the west side an enclosure of young trees. St. 
 Mary's Cathedral, the Academy of Music, and St. 
 Matthew's Church are seen in the immediate vicinity. 
 The County Jail is in the rear of the Court House. 
 
 
THE HIGH SCHOOL. 
 
 53 
 
 The Supreme Court, Vice-Admiralty Court, Equity 
 Court, Divorce Court, County Court, and Probate 
 Court, are all held in the building, and there are offices 
 on the first floor occupied by the Prothonotary, Clerk 
 5f the Peace, Registrar of Deeds, Registrar of Probate, 
 and County Treasurer. The High Sheriff has his 
 office on the second floor, where also are robing 
 rooms for the Judges and Barristers, and the Law 
 Library, which contains a number of ancient and 
 curious old law books. 
 
 Previous to the erection of the New Court Housei 
 the Courts were held in the Old Province Building, 
 in the room now occupied by the Provincial Library. 
 
 TBS SZ(}S SOBOOL, 
 
 noticed on page 31, occupies, with play ground, 
 an entire lot extending from South Brunswick 
 Street along Sackville to Albermarle. The corner 
 stone was laid on the 17th July, 1878, with Masonic 
 honors. It has been built by direction of the Board 
 of Commissioners in charge of Schools, who have 
 been happy in their choice of a site which is 
 central, and, in a sanitary point of view, is favorably 
 situated by the open ground of t'js Citadel glacis^ 
 and with unsurpassed drainage facilities in conse- 
 quence of the high ground occupied. It stands near 
 the Imperial barrack buildings on the south, with 
 open view of the harbor waters on the east. An 
 extension of the street southward, as contemplated 
 through the reserved barrack ground to Spring 
 Garden road, when accomplished, will add to the value 
 of the selected site, and facilitate the approach to it 
 from the south by students and the public. The 
 exterior of the building is designed for pressed red 
 brick, relieved with white and black brick, and granite 
 dressings, having two stories and French roof. The 
 basement will have offices for the Board of School 
 
f« 
 
 MORTON'S GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 Commissioners, Janitor's room, Gymnasium, also 
 rooms for heating apparatus, fuel, &c. The first floor 
 will have four class-rooms, reception or Principal's 
 room, teacher's room, hat and cloak room. The 
 second floor will contain four class-rooms, teacher's 
 room, laboratory, hat and cloak room. The third 
 floor will be finished as a lecture room, extending the 
 whole size of the building, and suitable for holding 
 public examinations, &c. The class-rooms are well 
 ventilated, plain and neatly finished, with all necessary 
 black-boards, and will be seated for fifty scholars each. 
 The building will be warmed by hot water in the most 
 recent and approved manner. 
 
 Th< 
 wel 
 at 
 
 his 
 chj 
 as 
 Cai 
 
 18; 
 Jol 
 the 
 
 ST LUZE*S OATSfiSBAL (AXTaZJOAK) 
 
 occupies a prominent site on the south side of Morris 
 Street. The style is Gothic and the church well pro- 
 portioned, with perhaps the exception of the spire, 
 which is too much shortened. 
 
 This Church was built by the friends of the pious 
 and well-beloved Rev. Wm. Cogswell, and was opened 
 for public worship 14th May, 1848. His death occur- 
 ring soon afterward, it was used as a Chapel of Ease 
 to St, Paul's, and was consecrated August 12th, 1851, 
 as the Church of St. Luke the Evangelist. The 
 Revs. W. Bullock and E. Maturin, curates of St. 
 Paul's, preached there for several years, and when a 
 number of the parishioners residing at the south end 
 of the city deemed it advisable to divide the Parish, 
 (May 14th, 1858, the first named clergyman became 
 Rector of St. Luke's, and by his activity, energy and 
 ieal, drew around him a large congregation. During 
 his incumbency the Church was much improved in 
 appearance, a fine organ was placed in the north gal- 
 lery ; the brick school, now called St. Luke's Hall, 
 was built in 1872, and a commodious chancel added 
 to the south end of the church, September, 1864. 
 
 
ST. LUKES CATHEDRAL. 
 
 55 
 
 
 The beautiful stained glass window in this chancel is 
 well worth notice. Visitors will find the church open 
 at 9 a. m. and 5 p, m., daily. 
 
 The Bishop of Nova Scotia selected St. Luke's as 
 his Cathedral, shortly after the consecration of the 
 chancel, appointing the Rector (Rev. W. Bullock, d.d.) 
 as first Dean, the curate (Rev. J. Abbott) Minor 
 Canon and Chaplain, and four Canons. 
 
 The good old Dean passed to his rest March 9th, 
 1874, and was succeeded in the rectorship" by Rev. 
 John Abbott, the present rector, whose curate is 
 the Rev. C. M. Sills. 
 
 The whole of the church property is free of debt, 
 and, as a parish, St. Luke's is noted for 'ts liberal 
 contributions to Diocesan, Parish and benevolent 
 undertakings. The church will aflford sittings for 
 about one thousand persons. The pews in the gal- 
 leries, also some on the ground floor are free — 44 in 
 all, and strangers or others desiring to attend divine 
 service, are always welcome. Early communion is 
 celebrated at 8 o'clock every Sunday morning. Pub- 
 lic worship on the same day begins at 1 1 o'clock, 
 a. m. and 7 o'clock, p. m. On Fridays Prayers are 
 said at 1 1 o'clock, and every other day morning and 
 evening at 9 and 5 o'clock. The glebes being 
 reserved to St. Paul's, the income of St. Luke's is 
 derived from pew rents, offertories, and special con- 
 tributions, which amounted 1 
 
 year 
 
 $6, 
 
 (The International Steamship Company have, 
 under the able management of T. C. Hersey, Esq., 
 the President, been completely successful. They are 
 now running three boats a week each way between 
 St. John N. B. and Boston, as will be seen by their 
 advertisement. The fine steamship Falmouth, for- 
 merly running between Halifax and Portland, Me., 
 has been lately purchased by this Company, and is 
 to be put in thorough repair, and placed on the route 
 as a winter boat). 
 
56 
 
 MORTONS GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 TEE FOETZFIOATIOITS. 
 
 Our Halifax, from its inception, was largely a 
 military station as well as a great central rendezvous 
 for the naval force on cis-Atlantic duty. The star 
 fort or Citadel, known as Fort George, occupies the 
 site of the octangular wooden blockhouse erected in 
 1753, having a parapet and summit tower with port- 
 holes for cannon. The whole was surmounted by a 
 ditch and'ramparts of earth and wood, strengthened 
 by palisades or pickets driven close together. The 
 hill top was at first, and up to 1778, about eighty feet 
 higher than it appears in 1878, the cone ha\^ing been 
 necessarily cut down in the progress of the successive 
 works of fortification. In 1753, a row of pickets was 
 extended from the Blockhouse along the line of Jacob 
 Street, on the one hand, and by the South Barrack 
 grounds along Salter Street, on the other, to the 
 shore of the harbor, as a defence against sudden 
 attack by the -then hostile Indians (the Micmacs). 
 These pickets had fallen into decay and disappeared 
 before 1769. In the year 1800 the Duke of Kent, 
 commanding at Halifax, caused the fortifications to 
 be removed, and began the erection of works of 
 increased strength. He had the grounds of the fort 
 enclosed securely by picket fences, parts of which 
 were to be seen, though neglected, as lately as the year 
 1828, but were soon after superseded by an extended 
 enclosure such as thr now surrounding the entire 
 Glacis to its points junction with the several 
 adjacent streets, as she by map cf the City. The 
 present fort is of great s> igth, and comprises within 
 its limits barrack accommodation for a regiment, a 
 signal house, flag staff, station for electric telegraph 
 apparatus, connecting adjacent outside forts, and a 
 storm drum to give warning to the Royal or Mer- 
 cantile Navy, if there be a threatened disturbance of 
 the weather. At the ponderous gates of the eastern 
 front the armed sentry daily and nightly walks his 
 rounds in the path of duty ; visitors are admitted on 
 
 rcg 
 oft 
 
 
THE FORTIFICATIONS. 
 
 57 
 
 registering their names at the gate, the attendant, if 
 of the R. A. corps, will afford technical information 
 on the armament, while passmg around the ramparts, 
 from which point a transcendent view is obtained of 
 the surrounding scenery. A number of blockhouses 
 and batteries were built in defence of Halifax from 
 the date of fts settlement and during 1760 at intervals, 
 up to 1775. These occupied positions at Massey 
 Hill, Mount Needham, Queen's wharf or Governor's 
 Battery, Ordnance square, Dockyard, Lumber-yard, 
 Fairbank's wharf, Dutch Church redoubt. Admiralty 
 grounds, the site of Trinity Church by Poplar Grove, 
 known as Grenadier Fort, Meagher's Beach, Point 
 Pleasant, York Redoubt Point, East Battery Point, 
 and Fort Charlotte on George's Island. From the 
 head of the North West Arm to Bedford Basin was 
 extended a line of blockhouses, as centres of defence 
 in anticipation of stealthy incursions of Indians. The 
 blockhouses were built of logs or squared timber, with 
 loop-holes for musketry, the walls were of great thick- 
 ness, having a parapet around the top, and platform 
 at the base. These defences have, in many cases, 
 given place to erections of a peaceful character, or 
 leave only traces of redoubt outlines, as at Fort 
 Needham and the Lumber-yard, while a few remain 
 under altered conditions and with the added appli- 
 ances of modern adaptation for defence, as may be 
 seen at Point Pleasant, at Fort Charlotte on George's 
 Island, and at Prince's Battery Fort on McNab's 
 Island. To these have been added, as defined on the 
 plan of Halifax, Forts Cambridge and Ogilvie, with 
 their 18 ton guns and steel-pointed shot. 
 
 Access to the several water-side Forts of the 
 islands may be had by the assistance of harbor boat- 
 men, or by excursion steamers that ply during 
 the Summer months between the City and McNab's 
 Island, or other points of interest. A modernized 
 specimen of the old Martello Tower may also be 
 visited, which stands conspicuouirly on the elevated 
 level rock in the open space near Point Pleasant. 
 
58 
 
 MORTON'S GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 OSICSTSEZSS OF EALIFAZ. 
 
 Within the City limits 
 there were three or more 
 Cemeteries — now closed. 
 One occupies the square 
 beside the old Lutheran 
 Church. Another is off 
 Grafton Street, touching 
 Spring Garden road, 
 
 termed the Poors House Cemetery. It is now levelled 
 and planted with trees. The third extends from Spring 
 Garden road along Pleasant Street, past the Church 
 of St. Matthew and Governtnent House. This lot, 
 though nominally attached to St. Paul's Parish and 
 Church, was really the principal " Burying Ground," 
 as in homely phrase it was called, of all denominations 
 of Protestant Christians of the first settlers, and those 
 who followed for almost a century. This ground may 
 be said to have been used to the extent of its capacity, 
 even the gateway being appropriated by an eccentric 
 citizen, whose epitaph on a stone slab, by his own 
 desire, was extended on the surface at the entrance, 
 so that all who passed that way. might necessarily 
 walk over his grave ! He had always, he believed, 
 been " trampled upon " in his life time, and desired, 
 with humility, to anticipate the same treatment in 
 the tomb ; and it was so recorded upon the stone, 
 subsequently removed. In the year 1844 the grounds 
 were closed against other than monumental uses — 
 and opposite the gateway was erected a fine monu- 
 ment to Welsford and Parker, two Nova Scotian 
 heroes of the Crimean war, the former of whom was 
 killed in the storming of the Redan fortress. — It is 
 composed of a massive arch of Nova Scotia free stone, 
 elevated on a base of Granite from the N. W. Arm 
 quarry, and is surmounted by an imposing statue of 
 the " British Lion." In the' western part of this 
 Cemetery are the remains of Mary Welsford, mother 
 of the fallen hero, and widow of Lieul-Colonel Wels- 
 
Morton's guide to Halifax. 
 
 nn Bamngton St. to 
 
 HALIFAX, N. S. 
 
 MAHON BROS. 
 
 IMPORTERS OF 
 
 BRITISH, AMERICAN AND FOREIGN 
 
 STAPLE AND FANCY 
 
 DRY GOODS. 
 
 SPECIALTIES : 
 
 BLm AND COLOURED SILKS. 
 
 MOURNiNC GOODS, 
 
 ConrtonW's Best Waterproof Crapes, 
 
 KID GLOVES, KID GLOVES, 
 
 Fancy Goods, &c., &c.- 
 
 TRIMMED MILLINERY & MANTLES 
 
 In stock and made to order. 
 
 N. B.-Haviiig the LARGEST, MOST COMMODIOUS, and 
 BEST LIGHTED Ketail House In the City: and with a weH 
 assorted and fashionable Stoclc : and an obliging staff of 
 hands: their have no hesitation in guaranteeing satisfac- 
 tion to their patrons. " INSPECTION INVITED." 
 
 " ONE BLOCK SOUTH GRAND PARADE. 
 
 M 
 
Morton's guide to Halifax. 
 
 DEFREVTAS & WALL, 
 
 32 SALTER ST.. 
 
 Opposite the South Front of Mtison Hall, HALIFAX, N, S. 
 
 PlurUoiiliir attentlan glren to PAPBn-HANGING. QKAININO, 
 
 MARBLING, *o. 
 
 WATSON & MYERS, 
 
 BRASS FOUNDERS. FINISHERS. 
 
 Gas-litters and Lamp-makers. 
 
 Manufacturers of nil kinds of Brass, Steam and Water Fittings, fur 
 
 Engineers, Plumbers, ho. 
 
 BRASS CASTINGS MABE TO ORDER. 
 
 J. CORNELIUS, 
 
 Manufacturing' and Importing Jeweller, 
 
 99 GRANVILLE ST., - HALIFAX. 
 
 Dealer in EngH8]i, Swiss and 
 
 WALTHAM WATCHES, 
 
 Jewelry, fine French Carriai?e and Mantel Clocks, Sterling 
 
 Silver and Electro-Plated Ware, Suectacles, Thermometer», 
 
 Opera (lilasses, &o., &c. 
 
 Manufacturing of Jewelry a Specialty. I'articular attention paid to the 
 Repairing of Jewelry, Watches, &c. 
 
 THE GENTLEMEN'S FURNISHING SHOP, 
 
 (ESTABLISHED 185(5.) 
 
 
 J. 
 
 PAl 
 
 Shirts. Sooks, Drawers, Ready«made Clotbiag, Ck>llars, Gloves, 
 Ha&dkereiiiefs, Ties, UmbrelliMi. Dt^ssins Gowns, BnMtes fto. 
 
9 
 
 MORtON\S GITIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 LONDON DRXJGh STORE. 
 
 J. GODFREY SMITH, Dispensing Chemist, 
 
 ¥ti moium sTRStT, ecAO^'AX. 
 
 Preacriptioua and Family Keci^)cs acourately Di^penHed. 
 
 8ea and Family Mudicine CheHtfi Furnished and Fitted, 
 
 USE SMITH'S AIOIBILIOUS PILLS. 
 ** imPKRIAL XXTRACT OINOBB. 
 
 ** . •* DIA.RBHGBA COBIPOUNO. 
 
 •• •• TONIC bITTEBS. 
 
 PRESERVATIVE TOOTH POWDER. 
 PATRONIZE SMITH IV YOU WANT RELIABLE DRUGS. *0. 
 
 m.^m^^ 
 
 No. 27 BARRINGTON ST., - HALIFAX. 
 
 Houses Fitted yrlth Hot and Cold Water Pipes, Copper 
 
 Boiler.s, Uatli Tubs, Water Closets^ Enamelled Iron 
 
 and Copper Sinks, Wash Basins, &c., &c. 
 
 Sill feKcids of Pttfii!ctbe(r&' REtteiritils oNafs on Ciacid. 
 
 TO "^iT ISI TOB^S, 
 
 Gentlemen visiting Halifax will find it to their ad- 
 vantage to call at 
 
 93 BARRINGTON STREET, 
 
 And lay in a stock of SHIRTS, COLLARS, TIES, &c. 
 
 At the low prices for which he is noted. 
 
 43 Duke Street, Halifax, 
 
 Loctemith aad B eH^Haager. 
 
 Alarm Gongs, Bell Hangings, Whistle Alarms, Speaking 
 Tttbes, &;c., supplied and Utted to order at shortest notice. 
 
'-^>. 
 
 Morton's guide to Halifax. 
 
 PEOmCIAL BOOK STOE^ 
 
 195 HOLLIS STREET. 
 
 NEWSPAPERS & MAGAZINES. 
 
 BIBLES, 
 
 PRAYER BOOKS, 
 
 HYMN BOOKS, 
 
 CHURCH SERVICES, 
 SCHOOL BOOKS, 
 
 SLATES, PENCILS, 
 PENS, INK, 
 
 BLANK BOOKS, 
 
 &c., &c., &c. 
 
 Of all descriptions, kept in stock. 
 
 ft 
 
 SCRAP BOOKS, SCxHAP PICTURES, 
 PUOTOGMPH AND AUTOGRAPH ALBUMS. 
 
 oi 
 
 hi 
 ml 
 
 Ml 
 
 S\ 
 
 G. C. IMOiTOI^. 
 
CAMP HILL CEMETERY. 
 
 59 
 
 ford of the loist Regt. Near the Welstord monument 
 is the vault of the Cochrane family, related by marriage 
 to Bishop Inglis, father of the heroic General Inglis 
 of Lucknow ; near the monument is the grave of the 
 gallant General Ross, killed in battle on his way 
 to Baltimore, after defeating the Americans at 
 Bladensburg, in September, 1814. Here also was 
 buried Lieut. Benjamin James, lost in the Tribune 
 Frigate, having gone to her assistance when wrecked 
 on Throm-cap, near Halifax, November, 1797, and 
 beside him is the tomb of Charles Thomas, Lieut, of 
 7th Fusiliers, who died, 1797 ; both these monuments 
 having been erected by the Duke of Kent, then com- 
 manding at Halifax. Near by are the graves of a 
 Midshipman and several of the crew of H. M. ship 
 Shannon, who died of wounds received at the capture 
 of the American Frigate Chesapeake, June ist 1813. 
 Here are also many curious headstones, some of them 
 more than a century old, with quaint epitaphs to the 
 memory of loyal Nova Scotians who died on the ocean 
 or in foreign lands, upholding the honor of Old Eng- 
 land — and of others who had done honor to their 
 country and themselves in church and state ; among 
 them is classed the brave Lieut. Lloyd, a native of 
 Halifax, killed with Nelson at the battle of Trafalgar, 
 Oct., 1805, and beside him many noble Britons of fame 
 and rank from both the naval and military services. 
 
 In the year 1844, the other Cemeteries having been 
 closed by Legislative enactment, a new place of 
 sepulture, known as Camp Hill Cemetery was pre- 
 pared and opened for the use of the Protestant 
 community, on the western side of the Common, 
 reserve. The old St. Paul's ground was thereupon 
 enclosed by an iron railing superadded to the stone 
 wall, and was supplied with shade trees and otherwise 
 cared for, while the 
 
 CAMP HILL CEMETERY 
 
 Was adapted to the use of the Protestant inhabitants. 
 This lot of many acres fronts the Peoples' Gardens 
 on the east at the west end of Sackvillc Stree^ from 
 
60 
 
 MORTON'S GUirE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 which it is separated by a broad roadway or carriage 
 drive ; and in the years since it superseded the 
 Pleasant Street square as a place of sepulture, it has 
 filled up rapidly, and now exhibits a dense array of 
 monuments, erected by the living in tribute to the 
 dead, cut in Free-stone, Granite or Marble, plain and 
 simple in design or magnificently finished, with 
 eulogy ot epitaph to correspond. To this spot the 
 friends of the buried dead resort in crowds during the 
 genial days of summer, to strew flowers upon the 
 graves of the lost ones, to review the memories of the 
 past and to ponder on the brevity of human life. 
 Here too, the stranger may, perchance with profit, 
 spend a passing hour, while he reads in epitaph the 
 brief chronicle of a past generation. 
 
 At the hill of Fort Massey, corner of South and 
 Queen Streets, there now remain no indications of 
 that high old fortress. The ground being a reserve of 
 the Imperial Government was disposed of in part for 
 building purposes, where stands the residence, with 
 garden, of the late Justice Bliss, and largely for the 
 purpose of a soldier's or military cemetery. In this 
 walled and well kept ground have been deposited the 
 remains of some notable men, among them the once 
 Governor of the Province, Sir John Harvey, who bore 
 rule during a stormy political era of Nova Scotia's 
 history, when the rival, popular leaders of the time 
 stoutly contended for the mastery. His wife, Lady 
 Harvey, is buried here ; also the Rev. Dr. Twining, 
 some time Chaplain to the Garrison, and their several 
 monuments are conspicuous. This ground, so well 
 cared for as to be attractive, and affording a wide 
 view of suburban scenery, invites the curious traveller 
 to embrace the occasion for a brief hour's meditation 
 among the tombs. 
 
 The sound of slow, military music yet, at rare 
 intervals, breaks the stillness of this city of the dead, 
 when some stricken member of "the Service" falls 
 out of the ranks, to meet death elsewhere than on the 
 battle-field. Here, followed by his comrades witli 
 solemn march and arms reversed, he enters the gate 
 
 for inl 
 
 firing] 
 
 dead 
 
 rest, 
 
 "Th( 
 
 leads] 
 
 shake 
 
 A< 
 
 Soutl 
 
 set at 
 
 Cathl 
 
 Stre( 
 
 stran 
 
 entei 
 
 buria 
 
 with 
 
 score 
 
 banc 
 
THE PENITENTIARY. 
 
 61 
 
 rriage 
 d the 
 it has 
 ray of 
 o the 
 n and 
 with 
 the 
 gthe 
 the 
 3f the 
 life, 
 rofit, 
 h the 
 
 )t 
 
 for interment. There three parting volleys by the 
 firing party, pronounce the long farewell over the 
 dead comrade, and thereupon sinks the warrior to his 
 rest, emphasizing the sentiment of the Poet's line — 
 " The path of glory leads but to the grave " ; so too 
 leads the path of duty when the soldier of peace 
 shakes off his armour. 
 
 Adjoining the Soldiers' Cemetery and extending to 
 South Park Street is the cemetery of the Holy Cross, 
 set apart in the year 1844 for the use of the Roman 
 Catholic body. The gate of entrance to it is from Park 
 Street, beside which stands a Porter's lodge, where 
 strangers may obtain information and permission to 
 enter and walk through the grounds. Both these 
 burial places are neatly laid out by walks, and planted 
 with ornamental trees. In both are to be found 
 scores of elegant monuments raised by affectionate 
 hands to the memory of departed kindred and friends. 
 
 T3E PS1TITE1TTIAI17, 
 
 at present a Provincial institution, within the city 
 limits, is a granite structure, strongly built. It stands 
 between the Tower Road and the south-east entrance 
 of the North-west Arm. The latest Report for the 
 year gives the number of prisoners as 69 males, 
 5 females, and 4 military inmates of the building. 
 The earnings of the condemned inmates, chiefly by 
 the manufacture of brooms was for past year 1^18,534, 
 with an expenditure of 1*14,502. In the shoe dep£ t- 
 ment, earnings $1,728, and expenditure $923. The 
 value of the other labor realized $3,409, inclusive of 
 the farm produce raised from the enclosed grour Is. 
 66 prisoners were subjected to punishment during the 
 course of last year, and 1321^ days remission were 
 earned by the convicts. The sanitary condition was 
 such, that only four of the number were sent as 
 patients to the hospital in the course of the year. 
 The Chaplain and Schoolmaster reported favorably of 
 the conduct of the prisoners, and the progress of 30 
 who have attended the school instructions regularly. 
 
G2 
 
 MORTON'S GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 DIST 
 
 HALIFAX FIRE ALARM TELEGRAPH. 
 
 rrom tt 
 
 LOCATION OF BOXES. 
 
 No. 3. Brunswick Street, Central Engine House. 
 
 4. House, No. 3 Artillery Place. 
 
 6. House, No. 23 South-east corner Carlton Street nnl Sirring 
 Garden Roa«l. 
 
 6. House, No. 107 North-west comer Queen and Morris Streets. 
 
 7. Houss, South-west corner Pai k Street and Victoria Road, 
 
 8. House, No. 85 Freshwater Bridge. 
 
 12. House, No. — Pleasant Street, next to South-east corner 
 
 Morris and Pleasant Streets. 
 
 13. House, No. 2 South west corner Water and Salter Streets. 
 
 14. House, No. 133 South-east corner Hollis and Sackville Streets, 
 
 or H.xrrington's corner. Key at International Hotel. 
 
 15. House, South-west corner Grafton and Sackville Streets. 
 
 16. Police Station, City Court House. 
 
 17. House, South east comer Granville and Duke Streets, 
 
 18. House, North-east corner Jacob and Brunswick Streets. 
 21. House, North-east corner Cogswell and Creighton Streets. 
 
 23. House, North-west corner Cornwallis and Gottingen Streets. 
 
 24. Engine House, head of Gerrish Street. 
 
 25. House, North-east corner Cunard and Robie Streets, next to 
 
 De Wolfe's Carriage Factory. 
 
 26. J. J. McDonald's House, Gottingen Street, opposite Wellington 
 
 Barracks. 
 
 27. House, corner Campbell Road and Duifus Street. 
 
 28. House, South-west corner Campbell Road and Russell Street. 
 
 31. House, South west corner North and Lockman Streets. 
 
 32. House, North-west corner Gerrish and Lockman Streets. 
 
 34. House, South east corner Cornwallis and North Barrington 
 
 Streets. (Thos. O'Malley's). 
 
 35. Moir's Foundry, North-west corner Hurd's Lane and North 
 
 BatTington St. (Key of this Box at Mr. James McCaifroy's, 
 Cooper.) 
 
 36. South-west corner Buckingham and Argyle Streets. 
 
 41. Union Protection Co's Hall, Barrington Street. 
 
 42. South-east corner of South Park Street and Spring Garden Rd. 
 
 Keys of boxes can be obtained from ownerk or occupiers of buildings 
 on "which they are placed, when it is necebsary to give an alarm of fire. 
 
 
 from t 
 
 From 
 
 F« 
 
 / 
 
 ( 
 
 1 
 
 For 
 
 For 
 
 PBIYATE 8IGNiL8 USED BT THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 
 
 Two single strokes on the bells, denotes that the fire is out. 
 
 Three single strokes on the bells, requires the nearest steam engine 
 to assist. 
 
 Four single strokes on the bells, requires the second steam engine 
 to assist. 
 
 Five single strokes on the belU, requires the third steam engine 
 to assist. 
 
DISTANCES AND FARES FOR HACKNEY CARRIAGES. 63 
 
 DISTANCES AND FARES m HACKNEY CARRIAGES. 
 
 spring 
 tets. 
 
 porner 
 
 From the Poat Office or Grand Parade, North to : 
 
 Jacob Street or Commercial wharf 1 
 
 South end of Mayniird Street or Canard's Wharf X 
 
 North end Park Street Ok West's Wharf | 
 
 Institute for Deaf and Dumb or Dockyard Gate 1 
 
 Wellington Barracks (east or west front) 1^ 
 
 Railway Dep6t, Richmond 2 
 
 From the Post Office or Grand Parade, South to : 
 
 Stephen's Wharf, the comer of Morris and Pleasant Sti., 
 
 or the Rink 
 
 Fresh Water Bridge, Blind Asylum, or the Convent 
 
 Laidlaw's Wharf, Corner of Inglis Street and Tower 
 
 Road, or the Poors' Asylum 1 
 
 Steele's Pond, the Bowery Road, or Studley 11 
 
 Frauklyn Street, Pine Hill or Belmont li 
 
 Fort Ogilvie or the Penitentiary l| 
 
 Point Pleasant 2 
 
 From the Post Office or Grand Parade, West to : 
 
 Park Street, (west of the Citadel) 4 
 
 Camp Hill Cemetery or St. Andrew's Cross ./T. | 
 
 Louisburg Street 1 
 
 McCuUoch Road, Oxford Stieet or Leahyville IJ 
 
 Hoi-seShoe Island 2 
 
 North West Arm Bridge 2i 
 
 FARES : 
 
 Fur each person for any distance up to half mile 15 
 
 " One mile 26 
 
 •• ti «« 
 
 mile. 
 
 cts; 
 
 «• 
 
 •• •• One mile and a half.. 30 
 
 •• " " Two miles 40 
 
 *• Two and half mUes... 45 
 
 " " •• " Three miles 50 
 
 And all other distatices in like proportion. 
 
 One-half the above rates to be paid if returning in the same carriage. 
 
 For all Cabs or Carriages hired by the hour, the charges shall be : 
 
 For ft One Horse Carriage per hour 75 cts. 
 
 For a Two " " 11.00 
 
 And in like proportion for every fraction of an hour. 
 To or from any Steamer or Passenger Vessel, to or from any 
 Hotel or Dwelling House to any Stage Office, Railway 
 Station, or other place within 1 mile, with ^ owt. luggage. 30 cts. 
 
 Over one mile and not exceeding two miles 50 " 
 
 As above, with more than if cwt, , and not exceeding two owt. of lug- 
 gage, vdthin 1 mile, 50 cts, ; over 1 mile and not exceeding 2 miles, 75o. 
 And in like proportion for all other distances or additional luggage. 
 MSr Children under 1 year old free ; over 1 year and under 12 half-fare. 
 For employment in the night the fare shall be as parties may agree, 
 not however to exceed one fare and a half. 
 
 (Extract from law relating' to Hackney Carriages, Chap. 30, Sec. IS.) 
 
 All persons, whether owners or drivers of carriages who offend 
 against this ordinance, shall, on conviction, be subject to a fine not 
 exceeding twenty dollars and costs, and in default of payment to 
 impiisonmeat for a term not to exceed thirty days. 
 
64 
 
 MORTONS GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 TIME TABLE FOR WALKER'S OMNIBUS LINE. 
 
 First Bus leaves North Street 6.46 A. H. 
 
 Second " " 7.15 " 
 
 First Bus leaves South Epd 7.16 " 
 
 Second " " 7.46 " 
 
 The Busses of this line will continue to run all day, leaving North 
 Street at a quartet before and a quarter after each hour, until 9.16, 
 which will be the last Bus leaving South End. 
 
 tsr Rembmbkb I The Busses leave each end a quarter before and a 
 quarter after each hour of the clock. 
 
 There will also be a Bus of this line to take passengers to and from 
 all ttains. 
 
 The route will be by Lockraan and Barrington St's and Bell's Lane ; 
 Water to GrRnville, George and HoUis Streets; Morris to Pleasant St., 
 returning the same way. 
 
 FARES : 
 
 North Street to Post Offico or return 5 cents. 
 
 Post Office to Freshwater " 5 " 
 
 All Train Passengers 10 " 
 
 SPRIKTO GARDEN ROUTE. 
 
 An Omnibus of the above line will leave the Horse Railway Turn 
 Table, west of the People's Gardens, at 5 minutes after 9, a. m. ; at 10 
 minutes after 10, a. m. ; 5 minutes after 2, p. m. ; 30 minutes after 
 3, p. m. ; 30 minutes after 6, p. m. Will leave George Street at 15 
 minutes to 9, a. m. ; at 9.45, a. m. ; at 5 minutes after 1, p. m. ; at 
 3, p. m. ; and at 5 minutes after 6, p. m. 
 
 FARE:— 6 cents each nay. 
 
 J9S" The time here given will be strictly adhered to. 
 
 DUTCH VILLAGE OMNIBUS LINE. 
 
 City Tebminds, Post Office. Village Tebminos, Wm. Deal's. 
 
 Route— Dutch Village, Quinpool Road, Windsor, Cunard, North Park, 
 Cogswell, Jacob, Grafton, Argyle, Duke and Hollis Streets. 
 
 TIME TABLE. 
 
 On and after April, 1878 : , 
 
 Leave Dutch Village 8.30, 12.00, 2.15, 
 
 •• Post Office 9.30, 1.00, 3 15, 
 
 Sunday,- -Leave Dutch Village 10.00, 6.00. 
 
 " Robinson's Stables.. 12. 30, 8.30. 
 
 5.00, 
 6.00, 
 
 9.00. 
 10.00. 
 
 fabb : 
 
 10 cents ; children under 12 — half price. 
 Tickets may be procured fiom the driver. 
 
 '*' A Bus will be provided at any hour that may be agreed upon, on 
 application to the Driver, or to Wm. Deal, Dutch Village. 
 
 wBBra 
 
^ 
 
 MORTON'S GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 C5 
 
 forth 
 
 wda 
 I from 
 
 ine; 
 St.. 
 
 urn 
 
 tio 
 
 fter 
 ; 15 
 ; at 
 
 i. 
 
 This liandsome 
 Freestone Ihiilding, 
 on the corner of Hol- 
 lis and Prince Sts., 
 owned and occupied 
 T)y S. Howard & Son, 
 Dry Goods Merch- 
 ants, is an effective 
 notice to the public 
 who are interesUnl in 
 Dry Goods. The 
 huilding is five sto- 
 ries high, and accom- 
 modates a Wholesale 
 as well as a Ectail 
 Department ; it ia 
 warmed throughout 
 by hot water, now 
 admitted to be the 
 driest of any heating 
 power. 
 
 The heating apparatus ia stationed in the basement, and is 
 connected with floor and return pipes, which run through 
 every floor of the building, thus avoiding the necessity of 
 having fires on every flat in winter, and reducing the danger 
 of accidental fires to the smallest possible degree. 
 
 This house is represented in Great Britain and the United 
 States all the year round by buyers, who take every advan- 
 tage of the fluctuations of prices in these markets, and who 
 send them replenishments, including the latest and most 
 fashionable novelties of the setison, by every opportunity. 
 
 By these means and by the adoption, some years ago, of a 
 strictly Cash System, the advantages of which aro that it 
 avoids losses by bad debts, and the expenses of keeping spe- 
 cial bookkeepers, &c., &c., they are enabled to supply the 
 public from a most perfectly assorted stock of the very 
 freshest and newest goods, at prices mucli below the regular 
 run, and have thereby secured to themselves the largest and 
 best retail business in the city. 
 
 Here Silks, Gloves, Millinery and Fancy Goods are made 
 specialties, and can be found in greater variety than else- 
 where. 
 
'66 
 
 MORTON'S GUIDE TO HALIFAX. 
 
 18T8. 
 
 m^ 
 
 aiii^Wf.^^i^-'»iC 
 
 i^ 1878. 
 
 INTERNATIONAL STEAMSHIP COMPANY. 
 
 SUMMER ARRANG^EMENT, 
 
 TRI-WBEKLY LINE. 
 
 On ami after MONDAY, June Srd, and until further notice, the 
 splendid sea going steamer " Nkw York," E. B. Winchester, Master, 
 and " City of Portland," S. H. Tike, Master, will leave Keed*a Point 
 Wharf every MONDAY, WEDNESDAY and FRIDAY morning, at 8 
 o'clock, for Eastport, Portland and Boston. 
 
 Returning, will leave lioston every MONDAY, WEDNESDAY and 
 FRIDAY morning, at 8 o'clock. 
 
 Connecting both ways at Eastport, with steamer " Bklle Brown," 
 for St. Andrew's and Calais, and at Portland and Boston with Steamers 
 and Rail to all parts of the United States. 
 
 No claims for allowance after goods leave the warehouse. 
 
 i(fSr Freight received Tuesday, Thursday & Saturday only, up to 6, p.m. 
 
 W. H. CHISIIOLM, Agent. 
 
 OONALO i£ii & m. 
 
 CLOTHIERS, 
 
 Respectfully request the honour of a visit from gentlemen 
 visiting the city. Their stock of CLOTHS will be found 
 complete. Style, fit, and workmanship of Garments perfect. 
 
 ORDERS PROMPTLY ATTKNDKD TO. 
 
 145 AND 147 GKANYILLE STREET (late 191 HoUis). 
 
 JAMES J. O'BRIEN, 
 
 Ornamental Hair Manufacturer, 
 
 One door North Kent's Kitchen Furnishing Store. 
 
 Ladies' and Gentlemen's Wigs, Frlzzettes, Curls, Switches, Colls. 
 
 Puffs, &c., on hand and made to order. Theatrical and Fancy 
 
 Sail Wigs, Beards, Ao., on band and made to order. 
 
 LADIES' COMBINGS MADE UP IN THE LATEST FASHION. 
 
MORTON'S GUIDE TO UAUFAS. 
 
 67 
 
 \IY. 
 
 iit|or f im 
 
 The route for passengers to and from Great Britain via 
 New York, liaving become more known and quite popular, 
 we are now prepared to issue, on the most favorable terms, 
 through passage certificates to and (or) from Glasgow, or 
 London, and Halifax via New York, by first-class Steamers, 
 leaving New York, Glasgow, and London, every week. 
 
 For speed, safety and comfort, these Steamers, built for 
 Passenger and Mail Service, are superior in every respect, 
 an«l excelletl by none. 
 
 Steamers are despatched from 
 
 GLASGOW, LIVERPOOL AND LONDON, 
 
 in the Spring and Fall, for 
 
 MftyFA??, M. S., ind ST. J<aMN), M. S. 
 
 CARRYING FREIGHT. 
 
 Also for P. E. Island, Newfoundland, and all Inland 
 Towns, at special through rates. 
 
 Every information afforded on application to Messrs. 
 Henderson Brothers, 41 Union Street, Glasgow ; 19 
 Leadenhall Street, London; or 17 Water Street, Liverpool; 
 Messrs. ScAMMELL Brothers, St. John, N. B. ; or in Halifax 
 
 T. A. S. DeWOLF & SOXT, 
 
 Agents. 
 
 Halifax, N. S., July 27, 1878. 
 
 
INDEX TO SUBJECTS. 
 
 PAtJR. 
 
 Approach by Sea 6, 7, g 
 
 Asylum for the Blind 32 
 
 Asylum for Deaf Mutes 51 
 
 Cairn in Memory sf George Brown ♦ 
 
 Central Fish Market ,,... , ....;.!.. 14 
 
 City of Halifax (illustration) 4 
 
 City Streets and Walks 12, 17, 18, 31 
 
 Cemeteries 58, 59, 60, 6 1 
 
 Court House and Jail 52 
 
 Convent of the Sacred Heart . . ., '. 30 
 
 Drives about Halifax 21, 45, 46, 47 
 
 Fort Massey Church .'...'....' 25 
 
 Fortification.s eg, 57 
 
 Government House ^g 1 
 
 Grafton Street Church 28 
 
 High School ^ 53 
 
 Halifax Hotels ^ 
 
 Halifax Dispensary 3! 
 
 H. M. Dockyard ig 
 
 Home for the Aged 50 
 
 Intercolonial Railway 9, 10, u 
 
 Industrial School for Boys ' , 49 
 
 Medical College ^g 
 
 Music Hall and Theatre 38 
 
 North- West Arm '..... 22 
 
 Old Dutch Church, Brunswick Street 44 
 
 People's Gardens 23, 24 
 
 Post Office and Custom House 41 
 
 Point Pleasant and Islands 8 
 
 Provincial Building 40 to 42 
 
 Provincial Museum 42 
 
 Provincial Penitentiary 61 
 
 Poors' Asylum 4^ 
 
 Reform Club Buildings 32 
 
 St. Luke's Cathedral 54, cc 
 
 St. Mary's Cathedral 29 
 
 St. Andrew's Church 35 
 
 St. George's Church 33 
 
 St. Matthew's Church 36 
 
 St. Paul's Church 26, 27 
 
 Welsford and Parker Monument 36 
 
 Wellington Barracks 20 
 
 Y. M. C. A. Building " - 43