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•/-t>- 
 
 ^^f c3^'-^^^W-^-^'^^ S^ ^t.^^ 
 
 fl peixi Plain pacts 
 
 ABOUT THE 
 
 ISSUED 
 
 ^^h'-i/OiC' 
 
 v 
 
 -/ 
 
 VVINNI1'E(J: 
 I'rliituHl by A«'((ni HurrowM, at The; Wt'Hterii World ()tti«!«'. 
 
IHKErTOUV OF THE TOWN OF EDMONTON. 
 
 MotlioiliNt (iiurvli. 
 
 i<l 
 
 Rev. C. A. I'rocunier. Services 11 » ui. aim 
 p.m.. Services are held at Slurgeon, Clover Bar 
 and Poplar Lake on dates to he nniiomiced. 
 
 All SiUiitK Cliiiicli. 
 Rev. Chaa. CunninKUum. MoriiiiiK Service 11 
 o'clock, evening 7 o'clock. Celeliration of Holy 
 Communion Ut Sunday in the nioiitli. Sundav 
 School, 3 p.m. Charles U T. lieecher. Church 
 Warden. 
 
 I'lM'shytcriaii ('lnir»-li. 
 
 Rev. 1). G. Mcyueen. Services at 11 a.m. and 
 7 p.m. Corner of McKay Avenue and Fourth St. 
 
 OatliolU' ('liiiicii. 
 
 Resident Priest— Rev. L.Fouciuet, iXM.T. Con- 
 vent cf Sisters Faithful Companions in the mission, 
 conducting the Separate School. 
 
 K. A. Briiitlnvai(«', >l. I». 
 
 Office — Main Street. 
 
 Lall'ort.v c<lt >l<ii>rc. 
 
 Bankers and Financial Agents. Agents Hank 
 of Montreal. C.F.Sfrang, Manager Hdmonton 
 Branch. 
 
 •TaM|M'r H<MIM<>. 
 
 James doodridge, Proprietor. C.reatly enlarged 
 premises. First-class accoinniiKlation, moder- 
 ■Ue charges. Sample Rooms recently added. 
 
 .Vibertii Hot<-l. 
 
 Luke Kelly, Proprietor. First-class Daily and 
 Weekly Hoard. Bus to and from Station. 
 Good Sample Biii»ii» in cnuwctiaa. 
 
 Hotol <l(i Caiuidu. 
 
 H. Hetu, Proprietor. All trains met. 
 iMrst-class accommodation. 
 
 Free Bus. 
 
 H. L. Meliiiils, M. !>.. C. M. 
 
 Office — Thompson's Lrug Stonw 
 
 l». Ito.val. M. I).. ('. M. 
 
 Office— Corner 5th Street and Victoria Avenue. 
 
 ,1. H. T<M'H«'I<I, .M. I). 
 
 Office— Main Street. 
 
 Kdiiioiitini Hotel. 
 
 Donald Rosa, Proprietor. The Pioneer House of 
 Entertaiuqwnt west of Portage la Prairie. 
 
 Will. Fi«-l<li-rN. 
 
 Grain and Commission Merchant.- 
 
 W. K. Kolici'lNoii. 
 
 Auctioneer. Agent Canada Life Association. 
 
 <i<M>. Itd.V. 
 
 North Alberta Land Registration Dis- 
 
 Registrar 
 
 trict, Victoria Avenue. 
 
 VV. K. Htciiiii-tt. 
 
 Dealer in Raw F'urs. Manufacturers and General 
 Agent, 
 
 Isaac t'owit'. 
 
 Commission and Insurance. 
 Bros. Nurseries, Toronto. 
 
 Agent for Brown 
 
 .\tliabnHoii Hut<>l. 
 
 H. B. Reserve, west end. Jas. Gibbons, P'oprietor. 
 
 Dr. .V. H. <Ji«iil>iii. 
 
 Surgeon Dentist. Office— Main Street. 
 
 W. Wilson, L. I>. S. 
 
 Surgeon Dentist. Office— Beck's Block. 
 
 <'. W. J. Hawoitli. 
 
 Veterinary Surgeon for the District of Alberta by 
 North-West Government appointment. 
 
 Mrs. Kh'ia's BoardiiiK Hoiist', 
 
 Main Street. 
 
 P. Daly. 
 
 Real Kstate and Insurance. Vsluating a speciality. 
 
 Stuart l>. .'VIiilkiiiM. 
 
 Real Estate. 
 
 William Kdiiiistoii. 
 
 Architect and Draughtsman. 
 
 K. Vaiuliii. 
 
 Draughtsman. Agent for Messrs. Child & Wilson, 
 Architects. Engineers, etc., Calgary. 
 
 for Siirv<'.viii(.' and Civil KnKlneerInK 
 
 Apply at the office of P. Heiminck & Co. 
 Main Street. 
 
 .las. :>l('l>oiiald. 
 
 Real Estate and Commission Agent. 
 Life Insurance. 
 
 Fire and 
 
 B«>«"k & McNrtiiiara. 
 
 Advocates, Notaries, etc. Town .Solicitors, and 
 
 Solicitors for the Imperial Bank of Canada. 
 N. D. Beck, L. L. B., P- L. McNamara. 
 
 Crown Prosecutor. 
 
 Kowii & Prince. 
 
 Advocates, Notaries, etc. Money to Loan. 
 John C. F. Bown. Antonio Prince, M. L A. 
 
 S. S. & H. ('. Taylor. 
 
 Barristers. Notaries Public, etc. 
 S. S. Taylor, L.L.B. H. C. Taylor, M.A., L.L.B. 
 
 I{. Strncliaii. 
 
 Advocate and Notary. Office — Main Street. 
 
 Iin|i<-i'ial ISailii of ('aiia(i;i. 
 ('.. R. F. Kirkpatrick, M.mager Kdinonlon Branch. 
 
 I>. H<>iniiii<'k it Co. 
 
 Real Estate Kxchange. .Money to Loan. .Scrip 
 Bought and S-bld. P. <), Box- 28. 
 
 ('aiiiplx'll Voiiiiif. 
 
 Insurance and Commission. 
 
 ,1. K. Michael. 
 
 Accovntmit. etc. 
 
 A. <i. Kuiidall. 
 
 .Accountant and Aiulitoi Clerk of the Town. 
 P. O. Box l(i. 
 
 <'. K, sii-aiiK. 
 
 I'irc-. Life and .\cciileiit Insurance Agent. 
 
 St. <i<M>. .lollt'tt. 
 
 Agent Edmonton anii Saskatchewan Land Co. 
 .Assessor and CoUei tor for Town. 
 
 It. PeterM. 
 
 Builder and Contractor. 
 
 V. OshoriM'. 
 
 Builder and Contractor. 
 
 .\. F. I>ctfa(jn«'. 
 
 Contractor and Builder. 
 
 Kolit. .loliiistoii. 
 
 Plasterer. Contracts taken. l-;stftblished 188,'). 
 Victoria Terrace, 
 
 K. H. PHcrs. 
 
 Contractor and Builder. Specifications and Estim- 
 ates furnished. 
 
 K. A. Mil.cod. 
 
 Contractor and Builder, 
 
 K. H. Niltl. 
 
 Contractor and Builder, 
 
 Xorris »V <'ar«'y. 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Grocers. 
 
 h 
 
iociation, 
 
 stration nis- 
 
 Biul General 
 
 for Ilrown 
 
 Id & Wilson, 
 
 ry- 
 
 KinccriiiK 
 
 ?lc & Co. 
 
 blishert 1883. 
 
 as and Estim- 
 
 The Great Saskatchewan Country. 
 
 Ei.u-ml amiriliiii: |.. ,\,l„f ilu I', 
 
 li..ii..>lil nf Cm iil.i. ill tl„ ,,-ar ,-,„, l,v Arti.n II,: 
 
 nnuvs, at iIk l)i.|)..ilirii.|il .,( Auriiiilin 
 
 NORTHERN ALBERTA. 
 Edmonton and its Tributary District. 
 
 The Kdiimntuii .listrul, wliicli was opoia-il lo 
 settieiiieiit by Ilu- uoiiipk-liDn ..r tin.- Ciilxiiry and 
 lulmoi'.tdii Railway in .XuKnst, 18!ll. oicupics lla- 
 upper or most westerly portion of the ureal ami 
 fertile .Saskaleliewan X'allev, and presents to tlie 
 nitending settler or investor a greater variety of 
 vahmlile resources ami eapahililies tliau any other 
 eipial area in North .\ineriea. 
 
 The soil i,s a hlaek ve(,'elable nundfl, from one 
 to three feet in depth, overlying a liKhteolored 
 elay .subsoil averaKiuK 1- feet in depth. This 
 
 niltivatiou an<l returiniii; to it the ri fuse of what 
 IS taken from it. Tile dufereiu'e that tlie stayiue 
 powers of the fertility of the soil makes to the 
 tanner eaunol be over-oiimateii. It is the dilTer- 
 eiue between wealth and poverty. The fanner 
 who settles on a farm, and in a region where the 
 soil lacks depth, may do well for a time but as 
 the years go by Ins l.nid after going up to a 
 certain pitch in vaUu- iiivari.ibly declines as it 
 becomes worked out, f.r tlie simple reason that 
 the farm eoiisumer 1..,. imich according to the 
 amount It produces. The result is disappoiutnient 
 .and loss. How many loralilies can be picked out 
 in the eastern provinces wlieie settlers went in on 
 light ((nick iirodu.:ing bu'd, and spent the best 
 years of their lives in making their homes onlv to 
 hud tliat their laud lia.l become worthless through 
 
 taries. Wood, and prairie alteru.ite irregularly. 
 In some part:, there are large plains free from 
 timber, and in others considerable bodies of solid 
 woods composed ..f large trees. T.iHards the 
 north ami west lb. projiortiou of woods increases 
 null at about i;u ,ailcs distance the forest region is 
 reached, 'lowards the south and west tlie propor- 
 t_ion of plain increases until at a distance of from 
 '■) to bill miles the woods entirely disappear ami 
 the great plains are eutere.l upon, which extend 
 uiibrokeu to the Culf of Mexico. The great dis- 
 tinguishing feature of the Kilniouton district as 
 compared with other sections of the .Northwest is 
 the abundance of timber. Ncrly half of the 
 whole surface of the Kdmontou district proper is 
 covered with large or small woods. In the nature 
 of things this must he caused by, or Ix' the cause 
 
 ,,,7i ;.. . .. .... ■ . I. ..J- > .^-j,. 
 
 "W^'. 
 
 .1*i^- 
 
 ' ^^'V'' 
 
 ..-Vi'.,.,. .'• 
 
 
 -J*.-.-: 
 
 
 
 \ I!.;!) (11 
 
 rests on blue clay, which is bioken at irregular 
 intervals by water bearing seams of sand or grave! 
 anil by beils of coal of varying Ihickue.s? Then' 
 is practically no .stony or sandy land, except in 
 isolated or outlying localities. This soil is not 
 only exceptionally fertile to commence with but 
 has practically ail iuexhaustilile fertility. If the 
 black mould were workeil out there wouiil remain 
 the lU feet of m.irley clav underneath, which is 
 almoM equally fertile aii.l can never be workeil 
 out. oi course, the laml is the better of good 
 tillage and manure as well ; but instead of there 
 being a continued battle as in even the best parts 
 of Mnglaml or (Jiitario to keep up the fertility of 
 the soil, necessilatiug the liringin.,; in (,f maiinre 
 from the outside, tins land can lie kciit at the 
 highest pitch of fertility forever merely by g„o<I 
 
 lOM Till-; SOI Tii-i:.\.s 
 
 exliaustioii. and that, therefore, their live- bad 
 been wasted, while others who went on deeper but 
 more dilhcuU liiid found a gold mine, wliiih In 
 keeping nil u, icitiliiy while wealth and the con'- 
 vemenccsoi civih/atioii increased arouml it and 
 because ol it. . .iiiiiiniallv iiicre.ised in value' and 
 made weallli> ihc owners almost in spite of them 
 selves. This i, ihe kind of land that the l-dmon- 
 ton ilistnct has t.. offer to settlers to a degree that 
 no other part ..fllie territories has. Where a man 
 may take up .i farm and be s.itislied that his 
 c iililreii's chil.hcM will timl it as fertile as he di,l 
 Where a man Ii..ving once driven his stakes need 
 never reipiire In pull them np. 
 
 The surface ■■; ;!ic comiiry i, very gently undu- 
 bitiiig. except where cut by the deep valley of the 
 Saskatchewan ,•■ the lesser valleys of its tribn- 
 
 ol, conditions diHeriiig very materially from those 
 prevailing thniughout the Creat I'laiiis, where for 
 hundreds ol miles there is not euongh wood to 
 make a pen handle, or even fnun the regions 
 where the growth of woo.I is coinparatively .scanty 
 There being a dillVreiue, the settler naturalh 
 eu(iiiires : •• Is that diibience in favor of the plaiii 
 or of the partly woo.ied region as a Held for prolit 
 able agriculture?" The following extract frcnii 
 the evidence regarding the necessity of tree cul- 
 ture on the plains, given by lohn Craig, horticul 
 turist lo the experimental larms, before the agri- 
 cultural commutee of the House of Commons 
 should be .-I siiHicient answer : 
 
 ■ The ellects of forestry on the climate of a 
 country are nearly all beneficial ; such as more 
 ei|ual distrihntion of rainfall. This is one of the 
 
THK KDMONTON PISTKICT. 
 
 most iiiiimrtiiiil points to Iw coiisi<lfri'il. Another 
 is till' rt'unlation of liinpcratiirf ; liy this 1 ini'iin 
 nrcvcMition, in a measure, of ixlrenies, the possi- 
 liilitiesof a sucldeii ri-ie or fall in the teiiiperaturc 
 -changes so frei|iient in prairie districts— may he 
 lessened. Then, again, evaporation from the soil 
 is verv ninch redueeil. There is a vast iliffirenee 
 oetwe'en the condition of the surface of the hare 
 and uncovered soil, and the soil on the forest 
 floor. .\ forest lloor serves the purpose of a 
 sponge in collecting and holding the moisture 
 which conies down in the form of rain. The line 
 root svstein of the trees assists in ilrawiiig uji mois- 
 ture from hclow. .\s the rain falls it ccdiects 
 around ami within these forest centres, which lio'd 
 and give it up gradually, thus obviating spring 
 torrents anil summer freshets, .\nother important 
 point which has not heen sufTiciently emphasised 
 111 connection with forest intlueiice is the preven- 
 tion of the strong force of the winds, with their 
 great evaporating power. The evaporating power 
 of the wind is generally in direct proportion to its 
 velocity. The greater'the velocity the stronger its 
 evaporating power. Thus we can sec the value of 
 shelter belts. The more protection we have in the 
 w.ay of shelter belts, the less sweeping winds we 
 have, and the nioisture i-^ taken less rapidly from 
 the soil. There is no doubt that as soon as we can 
 get in the Northwest a 
 suincicnt amount of for- 
 est area to mitigate to 
 some extent the force 
 of the winds, we will 
 have a much less evapo- 
 ration and much more 
 favorable conditions for 
 fruit culture and agri- 
 cultural operations gene- 
 rally. It would act in 
 the direction of prevent- 
 ing the direct actions of 
 the sun's ra -. and be of 
 great assist. ;ice at the 
 timeof seeil germination 
 in the spring, as very 
 freiiuently the first sow- 
 ing of garilen seed is 
 much disturbed by 
 spring winds." 
 
 To summarize; Forest 
 growth lends to distri- 
 bute the rainfall evenly; 
 to e<|uali/.e the tempera- 
 ture, reduce the force of 
 the winds, and to pre- 
 vent undue evaporation. 
 In other words, it pre- 
 vents destruclive rain- 
 storms and e(iually des- 
 tnictive ilroulhs, as well 
 as summer frosts and 
 cyclones and winter bliz- 
 zards. These are only a 
 few of the important ad- 
 vantages which this 
 partly wooded region 
 has to offer over any 
 part of the (Ireat 
 I'lains, 
 
 There is abundance of ^, , , , 
 
 excellent water for all purposes. The Saskatche- 
 wan, which llows through the centre of the dis- 
 tricl is a glacier-fed stream, rising at the summit 
 of the Rockies, ami is from i.l"l to l.dlKI feel wide 
 at Edmonton. It is navig.able for large steamers 
 during the greater part of the summer. Irom 
 iMmonton to Oraud Rapids, near its outlet m 
 Lake Winnipeg, a distance of about SKI miles. 
 \bove Kdmonton it is r.avigable for small, power- 
 ful steamers for at letsl l.-iil miles. The water is 
 first-class at all seasons of the year, and .as clear as 
 crv^tal except during the high water of June and 
 lulv The assured and abundant rain and snow 
 fall's provide an .arletpialc supply of fresh Mirlace 
 water untainted l,v alkali, and small and huge 
 creeks, ponds and lakes are numerous ; and well 
 water can be secured almost everywhere .at trom III 
 to ."ill feet. 
 
 The limber of Ihe distrirl is dlielly jioplar in the 
 agricultural sections, with large sj.ruce forests to 
 the west and north. The pojilar. both white and 
 black, grows large and straight, and makes excel- 
 lent building logs. The young growth ol the 
 white poplar makes very good rail tiinber and is 
 easilv procured in l.irge ,|uautllles. Ihe gray 
 willow grows to a Verv large size in places, becom- 
 ing a tree rather than a bush, and makes excellent 
 
 •dar, 
 
 fence pickets, almost as lasting ii^ ceiiar, which 
 wood that of the willow much n -diibles. White 
 poplar is uinversally available foi tncwood. .'^inall 
 clumps of spruce grow on the bank- ■•f the .Saskat- 
 chewan, on the lieaver Hills, and in other parts of 
 the agricultural region, bui th.- main sujiply of 
 spruce is in the forest region li ilie north and 
 west. The sjirnce of the I'Mnioiiiou district is 
 superior to that found in any ollu r part of the 
 Territories, both in size and iiUiililv, and makes 
 verv good lumber, snit.ible for all purposes (if 
 building for which pine is ordiiianU used. The 
 waters of the ,Sa-katchewan .ibovc hMmonton 
 drain a sprure-bearing area of nvr b'lll miles 
 sijuare. 'I his ensures a supply ol loc.dly niaiiu- 
 factured lumber for many years, .iiid makes lum- 
 bering one of the most iiiiportaiu of lalnionton 
 industries. 
 
 The staple agricultural proiluct- of the district 
 are oats, liarlev, wheal, potatoes, ..ibbagea, tur- 
 nips, and all other hardy ve^-etablcs ; w ild hay 
 and timothy, c.iltle and dairy products, hogs, 
 sheep, horses and poultry. In all these products 
 the Kdmonton district is not excelled in .America, 
 as has been proven bv the exiarieuce of the 
 ])ioneers who settled liere 10, I'll, and even HO 
 vears ago. I'arniing has been c.irried on at 
 I'Mnioiiton longer than at any other point in the 
 
 llltll'T 
 
 over strong competition from ;ill parts of the 
 Territories, at the Winnipeg Industrial ICxhibitioii 
 of IWil. I'olatoes are a sure crop, are of large »i/.e 
 ' and excellent ipiality. They have been grown of 
 I perfect shape and weighing four pcuinds. They 
 I ch) not become hollow or coarse, however large, as 
 in i;aslerii Canada. .\t Ihe lldiiioiiton agricultural 
 exhibition of ls!«l a turnip weighing .'Ml pounds 
 was exhibit.'d. .Seed onions have bieii grown over 
 n foot in eircninference, ami cabbages over I feet 
 in circnmfereiice, white radish I foot .'i inches 
 around by I foot 7 inches long, and other vege- 
 tables in proportion ; all in farmers' gardens or 
 fields without special care or forcing. The growth 
 of wild grass is particularly luxuriant, and the 
 number of varieties is very great, rplaiid hay is 
 cut in large cpiaiitities almost every season, and 
 swamp hav is almndant and good. The wild I'ea 
 and Willi vetch are s|iecialties of the district. 
 Ivdmontiui took first prize at the Winnipeg Indus- 
 trial ICxhibition of |.s!i|, over the whole of Mani- 
 toba and the Northwest, with its exhibit of native 
 grasses. Timothy has been grown with the fullest 
 success at Mdinonton during the past five yeai's 
 This is the only section of the Territories that 
 reports complete success in the growth of timothy. 
 Wild strawberries, black currants, rasplierries, 
 gooseberries, cranberries, .Saskatoon berries and 
 choke berries are abun- 
 dant. Cullivated red 
 currants grow remark- 
 ably well and yield 
 abundantly. The growth 
 of other culliv.ated vari- 
 eties of fruit has not 
 passe<l the experimental 
 stage. 
 
 Live stock of all kinds 
 is raised extensively 
 and iloes well in th« 
 lidmonton district, in- 
 c 1 udiiig horses of all 
 g r a d e s , from heavy 
 draught to 1 iniian ponies, 
 horned cattle, sheep, 
 ]>igs and poultry, in- 
 cluding turkeys. Native 
 horses do well on the 
 range all the year round, 
 but good stock of what- 
 ever kinil requires good 
 treatment to bring it to 
 its best, when it is most 
 profitable. In its cli- 
 inule and facilities for 
 raising good cattle this 
 district leads the rest of 
 the Territories. There 
 is a more abundant, 
 varicil and nutritive pas- 
 Ullage during a longer 
 season in summer, there 
 is a more abuiidant sup- 
 ply of hay procurable 
 for winter feeding, there 
 is a more abundant and 
 u II i versally ilistribiited 
 water supply, there are 
 less summer or winter 
 
 NK, EDMONTON, 
 
 Territories; therefore, the lacts regarding that 
 industrv in this district are well established. It 
 was the reports in earlv d.as by missionaries, 
 travellers and traders, of the igricullural capabili- 
 ties of the I-;dmouton district that maile the agri- 
 cultural reputation of the wlmle Northwest. Oats 
 have given a vield of 114 w,!.;lied bushels to the 
 measured acre, and the \vei.;;lit has soinetimes 
 gone up to ."ill pounds a staud.ird bushel measure ; 
 le.ss than 'in bushels per acre is considered a poor 
 vield. liarlev has yitlde.l 'in bushels an acre. 
 Two-rowed barlev, such as the Iviiglish market 
 ilcniands, grows' in perfc. lion at Ivdmontoii. 
 Wheal has been a more . erlain crop in the 
 lidmoutoii district during llu- past HI ye.ars than 
 in anv other part of the N.-riliwest or of Manitoba. 
 In isid, a number of field- \ u-lded from 4.S to ;>;i 
 bushels an acre, and the gr.iin weigheil lU pounds 
 to the bushel from the tlin shiiig machine. The 
 wheat inarketeil at ICiIiilitHoii during the jiast 
 winter brought a higher .iv. rage price ]>er bushel 
 than that markeleil duriui; llie same period at any 
 point in Manitoba, altllou:.!li the freight rate Irom 
 ICdmontoii to Toronto— !o which iminl it was 
 shipped— is nuuh high' r j. roving that the gram 
 must have been of iniuh 'ttur average ipiality. 
 Ivlmoulon took first jin/e tor grain in the straw, 
 
 storms, and more shelter by means of woods from 
 Ihose which occur, building timber is more easily 
 procured with which to put up stables lor the win- 
 ter being nearer the Pacific -the source of the 
 chi'iiook,— the winter climate is less severe than 
 that of the districts along the Saskatchewan fur- 
 ther east. As a couseiiuence, a better class of cat- 
 tle can be raised more cheaply and with less dan- 
 ger of loss in this district than anywhere else ill 
 ! tiie Territories, and therefore there is more money 
 i in the business here. The advantages which tell 
 ' so heavilv in favor of the district fiir cattle-raising 
 i tell as heavilv in its favor fiir dairying. 'I here is a 
 ' larger fiow of richir milk for a longer season than 
 elsewhere, and the cpialitv of the butter made 
 j here is unsurpassed, l-resh butter is put upon the 
 i market in the latter end of p-ebriiary or the early 
 I part of March, and the supply eoiitinues until 
 November, Sheep do well, but are not kept ex- 
 ■ teli'.ivelv, as cattle are less trouble and more pio- 
 i litable. ■ The almndaiit vield of coarse grains and 
 ' roots make h.ig raising a very prolitable branch of 
 the farmer's business, poultry thrive excellently, 
 and fresh eggs are plentiful every year early in 
 March Turkevs were introduced in ISHI, and are 
 I'low raised in large numbers. An experiment in 
 bee keeping has lieen carried on during the past 
 
 i 
 
TIIIv KHMONTOX DISTRICT 
 
 four >far». S)«ty swMriiis, an iiuTfasi! fniiii nix 
 wire winleriil lliis yinr. Tlir iiirii whu iirc m,w 
 I'liKiifjed in the fxiHTimi'iil an- intilldi.nt ihai Uv 
 kicpinK will Ik- h jfrcul mutcss in this ri-L'ii)ii 
 owiiiK 1(1 tile alMin.lam-e of liiiin-y-lniiriiii/ lU.wers 
 anil llie Iini^ seasdii >if lilimni. 
 
 Tlie larger wilil animals, nucli a» iiioohu and 
 lear, anil the sniallir fnr-lieariiiK animals, siicli as 
 tieaver, otter, lislier, etc., are numerous in the 
 thickly wooiliil ilistriits, ami in the Kocky Alonn- 
 tnins the l)i>; horn alieep ami inouiilain nont.s are a 
 Kreat attraction to s]Hirtsnicn. In tlie park region 
 tliere are jumpiiiK ileer, a ■.mall variety which 
 yielil excellent sport ami lair venison. 
 
 Wolves are the only wild animals which are 
 daiiL'crous, and they are verv rare, not runiiiUL. in 
 packs as in the east, Covotes-un animal hct«cen 
 tlie fox and wolf— are not dangerous, laii some- 
 times steal chickens and lamlis. Rahhits heconic 
 8o iinmerous every seventh vear as to almost 
 amount to heiiiK a pest in winter, hiit they qiiicklv 
 decrease The Koplier, which is such a pest and 
 source of loss to tlie farmer all over the prairie re- 
 gion of North America, is almost unknown in the 
 I'.dnionton district, as he does not like to burrow 
 in such a depth of soft hlack mould The loss of 
 crop liy gophers in llie prairie rej;ions in a ilrv 
 
 where in the district at a deiith of from two to :)0 
 feet III thickness The , oal hurnei! in the town 
 of Kdmoiiton is niiiiid directlv under it, tunnels 
 heuif} run in on the . ,,al seams from the face of 
 the river lunks. The MuiKeon Kiver settlers use 
 coal taken fioiii the I, ink of a small trilintary of 
 the SlurKeon m thai settlement, and indeed coal 
 
 is eaiilv accessihle 
 
 in 
 
 very part of the district 
 
 s a deep enough valley to 
 
 where a stre.ini ciil 
 expose the scam. 
 
 Cold is foinid on i lie liars of the Sa.skatchcwaii 
 in the fiiriii of line dnst. It was discovered over 
 lill vears ago, and In, l,ecn worked to a urealer 
 or leas extent every vear since. Last season he- 
 tween .•:|.-|,1K«P and .li-.'ii uiHi worth was mined chiefly 
 hy seti:. rs liviiiK ali.i.K the hanks, who worked on 
 the rivi 1 duriUK the shiek season. .\n illustration 
 of washing; for gold is niven on another page. 
 The oiillit necessarv Inr mining costs jierhaps .jilll 
 and the pay is from .fi; to $:, a dav. The depositii 
 of iiav dirt are so . sunsive that it is estimated 
 ■Jl years will he ri.|iiircd to work them nut at 
 the rate ol last sc,is,,ii. The Macleod Kiver, in 
 the northwisterii part of the district, also has 
 Kold m payiiiK ipi.iiitities. These are not rich 
 di(,'Hin«s ; they are ni lad what are called " poor i 
 man's diKniuKS." Thev will never make a man I 
 
 lia/e, cliimpH of spruce here ami there Kiving a 
 deeper color in placesMlie whole makes a picture 
 of calm heauty seldom seen except on canvas, and 
 most refreshing to the eve tliat has for ilavs or 
 weeks or years searched the hare plains of the 
 south for some oliject of heauty or interest on 
 which to rest. 
 
 keKardiiiK this region, J. II. Tyrell, of the Do- 
 nimioii C.eolowical .Survev, says in his report on 
 Northern .Mherta: ".More to the northward clumps 
 of willows appear, ami a little further on ^rrovcs of 
 poplar occur around the lakes and on the northern 
 slopes of the lulls, stireading out in places so as to 
 cover areas of considerahli extent. We have now 
 reached the partly wooded countrv. The soil ha« 
 liei ome richer and deeper, and instead of the short 
 hulTalo xrass of the plains the grass is longer and 
 mixed with a thick growth of vetch and pea vine 
 forming excellent pasture. This partly wooded 
 country, lying lietweeu the Great I'lains to the 
 south and the forests of the north, has for nianv 
 years attracted the favorable notice of travellers 
 and IS even yet best known to many by the name 
 ' Icrtile Melt,' which was given to it bv Dr. Hector 
 in hsiil." 
 
 C.abriel IVanchere, wlio sailed down the .-^askat- 
 The river Saskalcliewan 
 
 chewan in l.sU, says : 
 
 
 year varies from a third to the whole, and to 
 destroy tile gophers has become an important 
 question to the government of the Canadian 
 provinces and adjoining states. This is a (jnestion 
 which the settler in the Udmontou district has not 
 to consider. 
 
 The nuineroHs lakes and ponds of the district 
 abound in lUicks all summer, furnishing excellent 
 and never-failing sport. The larger lakes, such as 
 Heaver Lake, forty miles east of lidmonton, are 
 vi.sited by inimense flocks of waveys, geese, swans, 
 etc., in their annual (lights north and south in the 
 spring and fall respectivelv, and these ,ire killed 
 ill large mimbers. Prairie chickens are numerous 
 ill the prairie spaces, and partridges in the woods. 
 Cranes, very large and Landsome birds which 
 freipieut the open prairie, are also found, but they 
 are not so luimerous .-IS on the great plains. ' ' 
 
 Sturgeon in the .Saskatchewan, and whitefish in ' 
 the large lakes ill the western and noithern part 
 of the district, are the |iriiuii).il lisli. The latter 
 are particularly abundant and tine llavorcd, e(|ual 
 to iM.v fish in the world. Thev are sold at Hduiou- 
 ton 111 winter at from $."> to Tifll ]ier hundred lisli. 
 Salmon trout of large si/e, jiikc, pickerel and goM • 
 eyes, are the only lish taken with the hook .lud 
 line. 
 Coal of excellent ipiality is fnuiid almnsi everv- 
 
 .Mil. I'. Ill IMIMK's KAK.II. M;.\|! i:ilMONTII\. 
 
 rich, but iluy may easily help an industrious poor 
 man along 
 
 Saiidsioiii .|ii.irries e.xist in manv places along 
 the river, winch is navigable for 'steamers, and 
 there arc ].ii^e cumuiities of limestone boulders on 
 the bars. sii:ii,ieiit for present use, but only one 
 limestone qiLiiry has yet been discovered, although 
 there is no diuibt that others exist. 
 
 Tracesofiu'troleuin have been found in various 
 parts of the district, but no satisfactorv develop- 
 ments h.ivc l.een made. .\ little over'jiKI miles 
 north of i:dinoiiton, on the .\tliabasca Kiver, in a 
 region whose trade is directly tributarv to IMmon- 
 ton, begins tlu- most e.xtens'ive pctrol'enm deposit 
 in the kiiMwn world, as established bv the survey 
 of the C.ui.i.li.iii government geologists. I'urther 
 north on the -.iine waters is an immense .salt de- 
 posit, the proluct of which has been used formally 
 years throughout the .Mackenzie Kiver basin. 
 
 The scciuiy of the ICdmonlon district is not i 
 Its least .itlra.tive feature. The geiitlv undula- 
 ting surface showing prairie and woods clmriniiig- ' 
 ly interspersed, cut deeph bv the Saskatchewan— ; 
 a stream l.oiiil kct wide at low water ,illd nuiller- 
 ons smaller lr;liiitary streams and creeks, dotted 
 with large .111.1 small fresh water [loiids and lakes, : 
 the hori/on marked on all sides by low heavily I 
 wooded hills, which seem covered with a blue 
 
 Hows over a bed composed ol sand and marl 
 which contributes not a little to diminish the 
 purity and transparency of its waters, which like 
 those of the -Missouri are turbid and whitish. Kx- 
 cejit for that it is one of the prettiest rivers in the 
 world. The banks are perfectly charming, and 
 olfer in many places a scene the fiirest, the most 
 smiling and the best diversified that can be seen or 
 imagined; hills in varied forms, crowned willi 
 superb groves ; valleys agreeably embrowned at 
 evening and morning by the prolonged shadow of 
 the hills and of the woods which adorn them ; 
 herds of light limbed antelope and heavv colossal 
 biilfalo— the loriner bounding along the' slopes of 
 the hills, the latter tr.iiaiding un.ler their heavy 
 feet the verdure ol the jilaius ; all these cliani- 
 jiaigii beauties rellccted and doubled, as it were, 
 by the waters of the river, the melodious and 
 varied song of a thousand birds perched on the 
 tree-tops; the refreshing breath of the /.cphvrs: the 
 serenity of the sky, the purity and s.ilubrit'v of the 
 air; all. in a word, pour conl'eiunient andjov into 
 the soul of the enchanted spectator. It is above 
 all in the morning when the sun is rising and in 
 the evening when it is siiting that the spectacle is 
 really ravishing. How came it to pass, I said to 
 myself, that so beautiful a country is not inhabit- 
 ed by human creatures? The songs, the livmns, 
 
Till", I'.nMOXTDN DISTUICT 
 
 the prnycrs of tliu Inl.iircr niul llu' iirlj/iiii, iiliiill 
 tlic'v iii'ViT lie lu'iin! oil tliini- tinr plaint ' Wlitre- 
 fore, tthilt^ ill liiimpr, iiinl uhnvf all in I'.iiHland. 
 Ml liinnv llionsaiiils nl' ini'ii ilii not piw-css as tluir 
 imn im imli nf ^iiiHiml, iiinl inltivuU' llii' Miil of 
 llii'ir I'mnuvv f'^r propiii'tors wlni searri'ly liavc 
 lliuni wliiruin lu '.npirdil i \i'.Uni-i' , wlitTt'luri' 
 (In s(i iniiin inilliiin'* ut urcs dl' Mpp.irfiitly fat 
 mill firlik' ianil iTtiiain nninllivatril ami «npporl 
 only Ui-nlrt nf wilil aiiiinaU ^ Will men always 
 liivi' liitlcr 111 vi'mtati' all tlifir lives on an uii- 
 (.'lalt'fiil soil than to si'c k afar fertile reniiins ill 
 orilertci pass in pi-are ami pli'iily at kast a por- 
 lion (if tlieir (lays '" The descriplion is is aecn- 
 rate as vivid, lint it is a inistaki tn snpp( sc lliat 
 tliewatir of the Saskatiluwaii is always ninddy. 
 When the stream is swnllcn liy thaws nr rains it 
 Ijiconies wliiti-h, as flu liavuller says, lint for 
 the greater part of the year it Hows past Hilinonloii 
 as cU-ar as the must heaiilil'nl lirook. 
 
 Till clim.ilc of tile iMmoiilon distriet dilTers 
 vi-rv iralerially from that of any other secltoii of 
 Maiiitiilia or the Northwest, jleinn fnrllur re- 
 moved than Manitoha from the Arctic waters of 
 IlndsdH's llav, and lieinn nearer the warm waters 
 of the I'acific', the summer season is longer than in 
 that jirovince, and the winter less severe. Occn- 
 pviii.u in common with the rest of the Saskatche- 
 wan Vallev proper a nineh lower altitnde Ih.iii the 
 urnziiiK districts of Sontluni .\llierta, il is free 
 from the high winds of summer which dry ont the 
 land and make irriyation necessary to aKrieultural 
 success; and is also flee from tlU)S( sudden 
 changes of temiicratnre 
 which are the liatnr.d 
 accompanitnent of the 
 high elevation of that 
 region, and which are so 
 ilestrnclive during the 
 growing season. The shel- 
 ter afforded by the bound- 
 less forest on the north, 
 Rud the partlv wooded 
 nature of the district it- 
 self, entirely prevents the 
 Biiilden ami destructive 
 storms known as lili//ards 
 in winter and cyclones in 
 sumnier, to which all 
 parts of the (ireal Plains 
 are more or Uss liable. 
 At the same time there is 
 no reason to deny that 
 the cold of winter is at 
 times severe, and that the 
 summers are not as warm 
 as those of (lutario. It is 
 the cold and snow of 
 winler which chiefly 
 makes the dillerence in 
 fertility between this ex- 
 traordinarily fertile re- 
 gion and the .irid jilains 
 of Jloiitana. Wyoming 
 and L'olorailo, l.S. .\. To 
 
 this cold is also due the fieedoin from endemic 
 diseases in both inaii and the domestic animals 
 which exists here, and the superior \i),'or and 
 ilevelopnienl enjoyed by both— ither things being 
 ecpial -as ci)inp,iied with moie southern regions. 
 The les- extreme heal of suinmer also makes that 
 season le^^s trying to llu,- lluinan frame, and this, 
 with the longer days and conse(|uently iiicreaseil 
 sunshine, is the cause of the superiority of (nir 
 northern grown grains and vegetables, which 
 adniittedlv surpass the world. That Northwest 
 wheat is the best in the world is now ,i universally 
 accej.ted fad. That the same i- true regarding 
 oats, barley, pnlalnes ami other vegetables is not 
 so well known, but is none the less so . and il is in 
 these products that ICdmonton particularly sur- 
 passes all other sections of the Northwest. 
 
 Regarding the comparative amount of pleasure 
 to be derived from existence under the many 
 different climates of the world, there must always 
 be a very wide difference of opinion, but it must 
 be evideiit that that climate winch gives ,i person 
 the be-l healtli and the greale-l vigor, has an 
 advantage which cannnt be counterbalanced by 
 any fe.ilure of a climate which detract-, from healtli 
 and vigor. Here the sumv usu.ally disappears be- 
 tween .\pril 1st and l-"ilh, leaving very little water 
 on the ground. The weather remains cool at 
 nights ami warm during the day until about May 
 l-'ith, after which date fro-.t is u'nusu;il, and plair. 
 •growth begins to be r.ijiid. Rain begins to fall 
 early in June, and growth contiunes very rapid 
 niiiil about the mi'Mle of .\ugust. Haying com- 
 mences abciul the middle end of July ; li:irve-.t 
 
 from the middle or end of August, and is com- 
 pleted ill Seiitember, after which grnwtb generally 
 ceases and tile grass begins to withei ; u i!encr.tlly 
 reniaiiis partly green, however, so III ii n is good 
 paslnr.ige, until llie gionml fice/es iu die e,irl) 
 pari of November, There is seldom ,.in r.iin after 
 August Isl. Snow falls in Noveinla r. bul does not 
 get .leep until after .New Veal's, n n does the 
 weather become severe until tin ii l.iiiniiry and 
 p'ebrnarv are the nionlhs of cold .md -now. In 
 March the weather becomes warmer ml the snow 
 disappears. As compared with llu ilimatc of 
 Maiiit(dia, the winter season i> iioi -.■ Imig, or 
 stormy, or so steadily severe, but at limes the 
 IhernKniieter giies as low as in Maintob.i. The 
 inllnenre of the west or ehimiok wnil is what 
 shortens the winter, and from time to time n lieves 
 its severity by mild spells, while the abuudaiice of 
 limber scattered in clumjis over the disirict shel- 
 ters from the severity of the north wind. The 
 weather is eertaiiilv storinv at times, lait on 
 account of the ahntidancc of shelter iml fuel no 
 great iiieonveiiience is experienced, iluic is no 
 sufl'eriiig, and there is no daiigi r. The latitude of 
 I!dmo!iion is the same as that of IiuMiii. Liver- 
 pool and York. It is further south lli.ia any part 
 of Scotland, Norway or .Sweden, and as f.ir south 
 as the sinithern point of Henmark. It is far south 
 of St. Petersburg, in Russia, and very little further 
 north than llerliii, the capital of' the C.erHiali 
 limiiire. 
 
 mate. It is seven yeais since we have recorded a 
 case of this disease Diarrliua, dysentery and 
 oth( r alTections M the bowels are of very rare 
 occurrence Not a single death has evei oci lined 
 from these disenhcs during oiii sojonrn here, and 
 we have never heard of a death from these causes 
 before that time. These remarks apply to infants 
 and cbildreii as well as adults. In liiroiito eight 
 per cent, of all deaths are due to these allections, 
 and in Winnipeg In per cent. Ill Winnipeg and 
 ottaw.i the deaths fnnii these diseases slami first 
 III nninbet in the relnrus. In Montreal second, and 
 in London, tjuclucaiid Tormito third. No better 
 climate for cTiildren than that of Northern Alberta 
 is to be found in .\merii,i. T.\phoid and siinibir 
 fevers are not prevalein. We have had some few 
 eases of low fever, but none since l-Ns.'), and but 
 one death from this cause. Malarial fever or fever 
 and ague is niiknown, and owing to the climatic 
 conditions the miasm or poison cannot be devel- 
 oiied. The atmosphere is clear, pine and nsceptic. 
 In Slimmer warm pleasant days and cool refreshing 
 • nights give tin tiled farmer or man of business an 
 op]iortiiiiity to recuperate, and gain fresh energy 
 and strength for the morrow's work. The fact of 
 the davs being so warm and nights so cool during 
 sumnier is one of the causes producing our won- 
 derful and pridilii crops, but does not come with- 
 in the scope of the jiresent artii le. The winters 
 are somewhat colder than in Mastern Canada, but 
 are not so severe or trying to the svstcni, esiieci- 
 
 Tlie fiillowing statement legardiiig the lieaUh of , ally to those with what is coninionly called weak 
 this distiicl w.is furnished iointlv In IT Wilson lungs. We have no bU//aids as iii the northern 
 
 St, lies i 111 sliorl. our win- 
 ters are very pleasant and 
 likewise conduce to 
 health and longevity." 
 
 .Alter all (piestions re- 
 garding soil, climate, nro- 
 (liicts, present conditioi s 
 and future jirospeots are 
 answered, tliere still re- 
 main ipiestioiis of impor- 
 tance eipial to or greater 
 than any of these. The 
 people are more impor- 
 tant than the ctnintry. 
 Had neighbors, bad laws, 
 or badgovernmeiil, a lack 
 of educational facilitiis 
 HI religions pri\ileges 
 ^ cannot be made up to the 
 .: l.iw abiding, industrious, 
 thrifty, progressive and 
 < mil i'lirmg man or wo- 
 III. Ill b\ the most ])rodi!c 
 li\e : lil or most geiii.il 
 elimale. It is geiierallv 
 t he d ra wbaik of new 
 countries that the laws 
 . . , are weaklv enforced, that 
 
 _.> y«,rf^//tv/«v.M there is a'mimenms law- 
 less class, and that the 
 man who goes into the 
 w i 1 d e r iiess to make a 
 home foi himself must be 
 i ontcnt to see his children grow uji in ignorance, 
 and without the restraining iiilluenees of religion 
 wliiili would be felt in older and more denseh- 
 ])eopled districts. In these particill.irs the Cana 
 di.iii Northwest is im annparably suiieiior to any 
 other country in jirocess of seltlemeiil in the 
 world. Throiighont the length and breadth of 
 these Territorits the law is ;ts rigidly enforced, the 
 industrious m.iii is iirotected in his person and in 
 the ri'sults of his labors as thoroughly as in the 
 most populous rural district of (lutario. There is 
 no lawless class, there is none of that ileliance of 
 l.iw and destruition o! oidir that is popnlarlv 
 siijijiosed to be an outgrowth of pimieer life. 
 The eastern settler coming to the Canadian 
 Northwest finds himself amongst people wln» are 
 as deeply impressed with the necessity and advan- 
 tage of niainlaining hiw and order as were his 
 neighbors in the east. Where jiopidation is scat- 
 tered, as it necessarily is in the first settlement of a 
 new country, it is of course impossible that educa- 
 tional facilities should be as abundant as wdicre 
 there is a greater concentration of population and 
 wealth, but ;is far .as has been possible the .adverse 
 conditions existing h.ivi- been made up for. I'onr 
 lie.ids of families tiia>' form a school district, and 
 when formed the go\ertiniciit pa\s from *i-"i to T-'i 
 per cent, of the teacher's s.ilary. thereby reducing 
 the cost on the ratepayers to a merely nominal 
 amount. This is umpiestioiiably the most liberal 
 provision for the supjiort of schools in the world. 
 
 The Mdiminton settlement is the (ddesl in tin- 
 Territories, and dates from the establisliment "I 
 
 .V KAltM iKiiNi:. >r \\: iiimontdn. 
 
 and Dr. Alclnnis. who have pr.i.ticed in bidnionton ' 
 for In and n years respectively: — "Regarding 
 consuinptiun. we have iie\er seen a case in which 
 the disease has been coiitracli d in this district. 
 We have seen several c.ises Mhudi. in the very 
 early stages, wen- sent here by their medical 
 advisers in the east who are :,.iw enjoying the 
 best of health, ;ind evere sign f the disease has 
 vanished. We .are not subjeei tn bronchitis to the 
 same extent as in the eastern previnci's. Naturally 
 we have it following a se\-ere cold, but il never 
 hisls long, and is never as sc\ire as in the east. 
 I'iven severe cases sent here bi'n the eiist become 
 entirely well after a few innn;' .. Many cases of 
 persons affected with asthni.i i-.'.ild be cited, every 
 one of whom has either be- n iiired or greatly 
 benefited by residence here. Pneumonia or in- 
 flammation of the lungs, wlii. Ii in the cast is very 
 prevalent, is here almost unknown. In eight 
 years we Ii.ave had only one i .i-e. .AltlKuigh this 
 district was two winters ago .-ifib, ted with a seven' 
 epidemic of la grijipe. there w.is not a single ease 
 of lung cnniplications resulting, nor was there a 
 death among the white populaiion. This is iiote- 
 wortlu- considering llie lunnlier of deaths follow- 
 ing la grippe in Ivastern CaiM.la Compare these 
 facts with the mortuary st.itistics of Eastern 
 Can.ada. of which Toronto is ],. ilnijjs the healthiest 
 city, the de.itli rate theie per ilmusand of ])oi)iila- 
 tion being lower than in Montreal. Onebee. 
 Ilaniilton or I.ondon, In Iss'i, .')7;; deaths occurred 
 in Toronto from disease- r>r the lungs, which is 
 over :;o jier cent, of the tola! .U- ilhs for that year. 
 Rheninatic fever is alimi-t unknown in this eli- 
 
Till' ICDMONTON DISTKICT 
 
 i 
 
 IrailiiiK posls liy till' IIiicIhiius M.iy iiinl Niirlli 
 weal triiiliiiK i'niii|i[init'H mi tlu' -ite of llii' jirt'sciit 
 Idwii "f IMiniiiildn. iinilmtilv iM'fiiri' Itie lit'Kiiiiiiiik; 
 ol' tlu' pri'rtt-iit rfiitnry. Owiiij; to K<'o>{riip1iii'Hl 
 
 Itositioii fiiitl olticr natural t iitiscH, il wuh tlic most 
 iiiportiiiit post owiicil liv till' lliiil-on's Hay Com- 
 imiiy ill wiiiit is mm tlif Norlliwcst Ti'rritnries 
 \'hv lir'.t pirmnni'm sfUUiiuiils wirr t'stiijilislicil, 
 witli I'Mmonton as n rentral point, at l.iiki' St. 
 Anil, l.ac II- lliclie, St, .\lherl, Xiiloiia, Wliili' 
 lisli Lake ami St. I'anI, lii'lori' tlu' IninsliT of tlii' 
 Trrritoricn to Cnnaila in I.STii, cliu'lly liy mission 
 Hry cntrrprisp, wliiTi'liy tlU' lialfliri'fils anil In- 
 ilians wiTf KiitliiTC'il into scltlnl roiniiinnities. ,\U 
 of tliesi' arr still in I'xistenri" I'xrt'iit St. I'anl 
 I'lic I'lilmonton scHK mini siirninnclinj; anil in 
 olnilin^ till' pri'Hi'iit town in wliirli thi' II. M. L i.'s 
 fort is sitnati'il was not I'onimiiui'il until after tin- 
 traiisfi'r in lM7o. Hvi'r siiiii' that tinii' tlnri' lins 
 hi'C'ii a roiistaiitly itu-reasiiiK iiopiilatinn, iiu'ri-as- 
 iiiKly ili'pi'nili'iit upon auriinltural ]inrsuits for 
 support. The early L'anaili.in I'aiilu' KaiUvav sur- 
 veys, tlirouuli till' jasper Pass, for wliicli I'Mniou 
 ton was tile liase of supplies, lirnu>;lit tlic pinre 
 somewliat proiniiieiitl\' liefore the eastt rii tmlilie, 
 ami in I.HMianil Issl, v\hen il was lin.ilh ileciileil 
 
 I, anil seeker* i .line in ever iiurensin^ numlierit, 
 ami the larne inajiiritv were no well satislie.l thnt 
 they sought mi furtlui, l''rom lieinn unknowii 
 aiiif nnhearil of, l'itltm>titun has hec.une the most 
 lavoralilv re^jai.leil piMiii in the Northwest Last 
 season over ."iiMi honie^i .ul entries were iiunU- in 
 the I'Mmonton lami oih.e . ami this Heiison up in 
 May Isl fully I.IHKI lu w settlers hftve nrriveil at 
 I'Mmonton siatloii, 
 
 Inst how ilie Cameli 111 rneille Knilwav rt-Kunls 
 this, hy Ihiul loIlK llei;lei leil, seetlon of the North- 
 west mav he known i x.ielly from the lanil umii 
 whiih lliey have ju^i i«-neil in eonnei tion with 
 llieir laml sales at I 'liiiouton, Hy the terms of 
 their harnain with the I'lovernment, tliev hail n 
 
 v;raiitof ■J'l.iHMi. a, ,,s of laml, whieh they eoitlil 
 
 take in a lielt atoiij; ilii'ir inaiii line or elsewhere 
 in the Territories, Imi sinee the einii|>letio!i of 
 the rnilwav tliev havr kept in the lielil a lar^u 
 iiumher of parties ol i \;oniners seleetin^, as was 
 their privilege, the 1 1 ,t of the lamls. The selec- 
 tion was eompleteij in the lie^iiiiiin^ of the 
 preM'Ut year, with the result, as shown hy the 
 map meiilioiieil, thai uliiU' the hulk of the lamls 
 aloiij; the ni.iin lim \\i'-.i of the thinl liieriilian 
 have Itim reieeteil ilie oilihuumhereil seiiions 
 
 Kiiliviiiavlsi Mi,i,L. pi'T'i.iii.illv.il the l<ii il t.in>l ninri'iii wlilrli 
 llu- l.tnil tit Is't.lkrli It nllii.lU', iir If ttiv li'iilii9«U,i(trr ili'siri'-^ It* 
 iti.iv, >tii .ipnUi-ilKin III Itli' ^linitlvr ii( lilt liilerior, (Ml ivv:i, m 
 ttif 1 'iilltlil^^tiitn'r iif Iltiiliitiliitl l.tllil*, Witiiitptn. rcirlvt 
 
 liilliiirllv liir s n tme I .iki. lli.< t nltv (nr liltti. A (cf uf |mi 
 
 t^ I ti.iru.'il fur Hit 'inliti:ii'\ lintiii -It- iil eiili \ , liitt fur I iiii1» wliidi 
 .1 hem iitiuiilril .tit .elthtniii il t. .. uf )iit u t li.irui'.ilile I" 
 
 iiii'l liKpi'i lliiii mill I 
 ruder tltf iiri'tt'til l.iw I' 
 
 l'<|H ll«t 
 
 III ihillt « tit.tv lie [lerfiiriia'tl i 
 
 tllrrf u:i\.i, .iMil itit tii.ikititj :i|iiilii .illiiti fur etitrv lllu ^eltti i 
 titiiHl ill I Lire titulrr ivltliliul lite tiiljitivliiu ('iiriilitiitn^ tit; I'lt'cU 
 III hit tl hit I I 
 
 I. Thrie vt .irt' nilllv illun itiiil ri'ttlthine, iIiiiIiik tvhli h pi'rUiil 
 
 lilt- ,i-tlli r iiiir ii.ll lit- .tli.fitl fur iiiiitf lltiiii sU lilt. Ill iint 
 
 iiiir 11' II tMlli.iitl fitrfi'lliiiir I lit- I'lttrv. 
 
 J. Hi tiilitii f fur lliree ii'.ir-i .iiivwhere 'vlthiii livii niilet itf 
 
 thf t ii.>ii III ipt,irit-r -.tiiiiiii, ;itiil iiftt-nvimli .ttttitl retiiteiue 
 
 ill ,1 It.ilijl. title liiiitt« tiitiiti the lliiiltvitU",i'l fttr Ihree iiiiiiilht tie\l 
 1" . Ill ipjihi .Illun fur p,ilelit. I'tltler Itii* t\tU'iM it. ji-M -. 
 itiiiil III' I'liiltt-ti Ihe lirtl ve;ir iifler t'lilrv. n iutdiliitti.il in the 
 viiitti.l, iiiil t; ill thi' Ihlril ve,ir , lu I" he In ritp lite tfiutul 
 M-.ir I jfthi titiril VL'.ir. 
 
 I, lilt- lite M'.irs tytii-tit iiiiiirr whit It :i tvUIci iii.o reiith 
 .ei\Mlii'i|. f'ti Ihe httl tint M'.tr-lhiit lilit«l perfeet hi- enlrv hi 
 ti.tiiiiii'iirltia iillliv.illitn ivllhiti ,i< titutilh. lifter Ihe il.tle there 
 uf), lire iktttif ( ;lirt> till' first ve ir, critppilln ttiiisi- t in ri't iltnl 
 hreiklnu fiiile, iihlilliiniil Ilie si'funil ve.ir, iit.l tl-.i hnihlinu 
 .lliil'ilil.h hittt-ehifurelh. iiiiluf llii mtuii.I m .tr, I'he tet 
 
 llir iii.i-t tuiiHiiilu,. itrtii.tl re-iihlin' iiti Ihe 1 ivsttiiil .it the 
 
 t \iiir. Illun uf tiMi vi..irt fniui Ihi il.lli- uf t'llliv, tnii tlieie.lftt i 
 re-iih uji.in iiul i iiitititf liii tiuTii.-.U.nl fur .it U itl -tl iniuith- 
 I Il ..f llir Mill. I 1,1 At - hi'tf VI'. tr-. 
 
 Although ns yet only inie line of railway has 
 reaeheil PMinontitn, hein^,' operiilfl as a hraneh of 
 '■■T.'M'. riiifl'A-!XI«^7:^r:; 
 
 H »»iii><. mil i.ni It i>> nil >>.\«K \i<'iii:u .\>, M-wXii kdmomon. 
 
 to bllilii till' line, there was a larj^e intlux of l."ana- 
 (lian settlers, who expeeleti the raiUva\ lo follow 
 ill a lew years. The ohaniL^e of rouli' li\ wav of 
 the UiekiiiH Horse I'a.-s, wliiih i',irrieil the lute Jim 
 tnili's south of Ivlmonton, v\as a seiete tlisapjioint- 
 tueut to them. Nolwitlist.intlini.; this, population 
 ami prosperity has steailily liiou^h slmvh' in- 
 ereaseil, ami I'Minontoii setiiement U.is spreatl so 
 as to iiu'hnle a traet of eountr>' ahoiil li"i miles 
 loiiK h\' 'Jo miles wiile, lia\iu),; a population of over 
 4,IKHI. ' 
 
 I'^ver sillee the atlveut of the railwav ill .Vu^llst, 
 IWH, the ilistriet has pro^resseil at iill ever inereas- 
 tii^ speed. As loiiK as no r.iilway ran north from t 
 the niani line of the C 1'. K , the pnhlie at lari,;e 
 took for Hraiiletl that there was nothinj; wiirtii 
 running' a railway for. The ar^'umeiil was : " If . 
 the north country was thi' hesl the I.'. 1'. K. would : 
 h.ive tun Ihi'ir main line Ihrtui^h it," ami this : 
 ai>;uineiit was so coni'lusiie th.it \er\ few tllouglU i 
 it wiirih while to exauiine lor themselves. The 
 Iiuililin^ of the Cal>;ary and Mdmouton Railway 
 reversed this argument, and the inference was at 
 lilict estalilisheil that there must be something; 
 worth liuildinj; for. Curiosit\' was aroused liv the 
 commeucement of the railway, and its completion 
 made easy the uratilicalioti of that cpriosity 
 
 throu^jlii.'.ii 
 been taken 
 best evi'l.:i 
 sapeiiitnt . 
 
 the whole I'lilmonton district have 
 illlliist without exception. This is the 
 
 1 lll.lt can be proilueed as to the 
 I'l the ilistriet. beiiiK the resuli of 
 
 actual e\ iiniiiatioii lt\' practical men for a pr.ic- 
 tical purpi'-i Within the pteseilt Ivllllonlon 
 setlleinenl tile deunmls for laml have been so 
 nunieroii- tliil the company has decided to oiler 
 its Lintl- -'' -itnaled by jniblic auction. Outsitle 
 the sellle:!u lit the company sells at .i lixed price 
 of .^.'1 an :i' It , tin III vears lime, willl interest at ti 
 per cent Ni'w that the raihva) company is otter 
 lllK the I'.i'l mimltereii sections for sttle ilt a low 
 price, tine i.: 'lie greatest hiiidranci's to pro^'ress is 
 remove. 1, \ person may .'leipiire all the l.iuil he 
 can pa\ he. and jieojilc may si'iile as close 
 lof^etlicr .1- they ehtnise, tlieri'li\ making; more 
 eas> the support of sehools, ehiiiches ami j.'tiod 
 roails. ,111'! imreasiun the value of the laml ,i~ 
 these acces-.iiies of civili/ation are nuiltiplied. 
 The liome-teail renul,ilioii.s are as follows ; 
 
 .Ml et n " " ml •.fli'.ii- ,.f Hummiun l.tii.l- in .MiUiilulu 
 \u, !!....! rertit..t.,-, t v.i'piiiiy s .iii.l ...,, Willi h li.m 
 11 hum '. iiU'il. re-iTMil III niuviih' tMii.,1 lut- fur mI 
 ,t ..III,-. 11 Miiises, ni;n 1,1. liinni.-U'.nU'tl In .inv per-itn 
 itta f.iiiiilv ilhl»iii,ltnU'. feni.tle-)iir tittle 
 
 III 111 
 nut I 
 Her-, 
 
 .vim I- thi 
 luer IS It' 
 
 th, 
 
 , ,: Snrllt 
 -I.nU'tl, 
 
 iltt.lrte 
 
 i-k.tt.'luv 
 
 .ei'ti.iti 
 tttiuit- 
 
 tif 
 
 .mil 
 
 the Catiatliall I'.icilic Kailw.iy, it xi^e- the excel 
 lent service which is characteristic of that road 
 The service is twice a week from the m,iiii line ,it 
 l.'al^;ary. The run of I'.ii; miles is made thiriii^ llic 
 tlay. The roail is smooth, the c.irs coinforlable 
 ami clean, ami the ollictals oblij^iii),;. The branch 
 train starts from the main line statitui in C.il^iiri . 
 anil the citnncctions ;ire yood. Ilurini^ the p.isl 
 wiiitei' the liranch triiiti was never ilelai-eil .i 
 minute by snow, storm <ti coltl, ]irobalil\ the onl\ 
 line oletpial length in C'.tu.nl.i ol which this could 
 be sail!. The freii^llt service w.is prompt ,011! 
 etiicient MS on iiiiy road in the world. The export 
 rate on wheat to .Montreal or Toronto is .'I'l cell's 
 per Inn pounils. ami on live cattle ."Jil.O.s per Iiio 
 poumls. 
 
 The t|Ucslioii of markets is .111 important one t . 
 the aclli.il or prospectiie settler, and till' Iirotlucin.; 
 region nearest to the best consuming m trket i-- 
 tlK' one that, other thin>is bcini^ etpial, will and 
 shonlii have the prelerence with settlers and in 
 vestors. The chief objection iirgetl hy Manitoba 
 itnmiKralioti agents ami anencies to the Territcries 
 is that incre.iseil distance west of Winuipei; means 
 decreased prices for produce. If Montreal was tlii' 
 only market for proiluce this woultl be true to a 
 certain extent, hut it is not, \'ancoitvcr is a con- 
 
II 
 
 .liiH>"'t« 1 Hliituiiim point n.iirixt In V .in 
 
 ::.,t^"M..uliH'r.4^'v '^"'""i;- ;;;;;; 
 
 U^. '>'.'"'' "„„„.,,,,ai. viiinilv ..r \Vinnii...K. 
 farmer in .H" ,' J"' ' , r.rk.'t ->r uf. "f larin.r,' 
 ■^ '•r'"''"i',rM.. r . 1 V .in-miver, tuW.n fro.u 
 
 '"I"* ■ «„N1HEA1.. 
 
 Till' lUiMDNToN 
 
 .lUU'T. 
 
 .lb 
 
 .lUKlit iimlrr 
 iiirary Aitvitn- 
 lU'r ili(ill> of 
 i;rii»lli "««r 
 
 t.i hjirrtl. 
 
 ll>lKl. 
 
 Kl..iir, lul. Ill, »V' ''•"!''■ 
 
 Wli.iil,"' '"♦',',, 
 , Ml., .)""■!"■■' ".,',,1, 
 
 S':i^3i;;:-:i^':.. 
 
 •;;.Li,«-i.,v;'"i.-ar"""t. 
 
 I.i.rli"l<-.S'-'"1"'" 
 
 .III. 
 
 aiirii'livf, n* '"'"K "'<"« •" 
 , ultivatiiin, lull llmt i» ""ly » ' 
 Uuw anil ilm'K mil lialaiUf tin- 
 firliU- Mill anil iiiorr InxuiM 
 
 '' \'llli'!.ni'li the lirnureM of s.lll. ni'Hl ami mil- 
 «aN H 111 irilur He.tiiiiii. of the Tin iMnr.. Icir n llm» 
 .letraileil from Ihe .,iin|,ar,.l,M- '''''"'!''''''," "j 
 |-ilm..ntoii an u Iraile lenlre. .i. » I 'i«» """ i 
 
 u'.nrile.l railway ailvanlai^es it I'" t'eionie the j 
 iraile an.l imlnstrial lenlre of 111. ni-t l'i;'>»I'"""« 
 an.l lir.i«re"ive uKrunlliirHl i.iUl.in'-nt 1" ">« 
 
 Sill we»l. lleMil.H, it H now. m."-' Hi"" ""■ 
 
 Maikeiu.ie Ilasin, a va»l rej(,oil wlm-. '''>,""" 
 
 export Inr i* hamlleil exdii.>vel\ liy nml 
 
 Ihrmiiili l,.lni..nt..n, niakinn llii^ lUr imi-l iim«f- 
 
 11 o,, I fu. iiurk.l .111 llie .•.■um.i lit ,111.1 KivniK 
 
 l' 1 mi.nliin a U'aillnn pla.e aim.iij;-! ilj'' "'"'.K 
 
 ,« Vol the .Norlhwest. While il» M.-ekeu/.ir 
 
 llanin .mlvpn.iln.ei. fur al i,res..il. H ha» arue 
 
 a,,:.,.,, the liiiest aKrnnUnral an.l K' '''"«, ^J 
 
 on I'ea.e Kiver, ureat fnre^li. ol ^ "'■'''''• ''"L'" 
 
 on the I,iar.l Kiver, li»herieii in it- ."ain "I lahM 
 
 i ,i.,„,iil ,.nlv 1" those of the St, l,.i«reme, he 
 
 ' laree-l nelrnlenlll liel.l ill tin- km.vMi »"'M on lilt 
 
 1 \tlul.a..-,i. immense sail he.ls ..ii i.u'.it M«vtj 
 
 1 River, anil vast .1. p.isits ..f Hnlpliui, ..'liper an. 
 
 iron l,ei4.1e.. The fur traile almi. .•: "hiH ren . ii 
 
 1 now oeenpies three larne -.leniiuT- |..Mii«.io lie 
 
 waters .if the Maeken/ie ; ami "1"" • vili/.tlon 
 
 V«K. 
 
 ).|„ 
 I'll. 
 
 , »S" 
 
 .•>N. Ill 
 
 , i.iiuii', »!■;''" 
 
 ■, slTi'llK lull*."'' 
 hiirnl, . 
 
 Wliiil,*',"*'"*!"" 
 Oal 
 
 I ii.n . , 
 
 , p 
 II,.., ^K ; I't' 
 
 i.„ut!..'-:i^>";v",^";:','';l; 
 
 lliilltr. ..lani.'y 
 ,1 iHiiimi 
 
 i> mil, *■>■:'- ,,„,|,,.i 
 
 , '7 1" 
 
 ii»ttrrn Iritic/ 
 
 lars lo VaniMinver ; eoal. 
 
 )(t ,1 ilii/rll. 
 
 i;?,v,v;j'i;..a4, ij.-..i.."""i- 
 
 ,,;....,l livirl, '» n 1""""V 
 I)r«.i-,1 iiiiitl'ili M'" '■' "^ ■' 
 
 iiv^'"i'ilie, ll. t"5i",l""""'- 
 
 i.ivc .ii.'.-ii. :• ■' I""""'-. 
 I.iv.-lun., ;',' IP'"""!- 
 
 Since the c.miplction of 
 llie C. ti v.. railway in 
 AuKusth.sliipli. hel\at■ 
 ofw^ilinn'Apnl 11, 1.^.1- ■ 
 ihe following iiuaiititu-; 
 „f p- ,1m onion proiliue 
 have iH-en exporle.l in ear 
 l„ts This il.HS not in- 
 ,-luile the snnller .inanti- 
 lies sent out, snch as furs, 
 hv exiiress: — I'nrs, \ car 
 liiails to Montreal; wheal, 
 
 l."i carloailslo North Hay; 
 
 ,,ats s cars to Calvary, li 
 
 m Donalil, -to Iniiisfail, 
 
 1 to l-ielil, anil 1 to Coch- 
 rane, 14 in all ; barley, :! 
 
 ,.;,rs to Vancouver ; pota- 
 
 t„es, :i cars l.i Calt,'iiry, - 
 
 lUiriuK part "f ^' *-' '', r,,, ,^ ,, sfa. lorv assurance 
 
 ;:;s;:::^he ;:o;,t^u;in I >.;;-^;;;;-r;;l 
 
 Ihe variety of Us resources, as w.U as ria line 
 i'.s niarkcis 
 
 •llll; THUS 111 I-.1)MI1NT'1N 
 
 .,•1 , ,.-„ „r I'MinoiUiin, which was incurporateil 
 ,,, 'uiir V ^'^ ^^^laleil in ,he verv hear. a,i,l 
 |., Jauinry. 1 -. <i.ttleinenl lo whicli il- 
 
 ,.i.„Ue of the ill-lrli I an , , known 
 
 name luis lieeii K'lyeii , • " ' V..^ „f travel 
 
 as an iinporlam tr.i-le '>■";';;,',■,,,« North- 
 
 s^i,::"r..;V^--'l'-ev;a;l!v:;r't;^ 
 
 '"" ""'';;', r'to ;■ " ,i.l ewhere. The more 
 ::;r™i;nm';; the south an., east may lie more 
 
 Coal is also .hippeil to llalllelonl everj sei.-i.m Uy 
 Mat lioiiU ilown the Siskalchewan, s.. that I'.i inon. 
 t.m comnianils two oulleU for her . <ial A* he 
 HHiipIv of c.hil H alKiilntely inevlianslilile, tlie 
 iiip.irlance of I'liliiioiiKm as a miiiuiK centre 
 ■Irienil. .mlv.in the Kfowlh nf settlement in the 
 8al.katch.waii Vallex ami ihe i\e«t generally. 
 
 Silii.ite.l in Ih. centre ..f an .iKriciillnral renton, 
 n llout null lici ame a necessity very early in tile 
 hlslorN of the place hi the early ilays a mil wa" 
 run hv horse power in the llii.ls.nis Itav l o s 
 fort ■|.iitei,a water mill was Iniill mi the Mill 
 creek, opposite town ; an.l in WTn Mcl,e.iil, Norris 
 anil llelcher ere.teil the steam mill now owiieil ly 
 rraser \ (.'o. Ihe .nUciil of Ih"' railway, with the 
 increase of Heltleinenl, the lar^e local ilemaml lor 
 (lour, the excellent .Kpiirt market in llrltlsh 
 Colnmhia. ami the line ,|iialily of the wheat ralse.l 
 I iiilhe.lislrict, Iwncuivcii rise lo several projects 
 i for eslalilishiiiK roller nulls al Ivlinont.m he 
 ' le.i.lin« .me heiuK the "'^""""'"""f, " m'.w. f 
 ■ company hv .Messrs. Ross, Mann, llol , Mi Ken- 
 /ie aml'Nanloii, Imililers of the C, «: 1- railway. 
 The well-known I'lnancial slainliiiK ami liusmess 
 al.ilitv 111 these nentlemcn ensure llie suivess ol 
 Ihe priijeel. .\ l.rii k vanl was eslalilisheil liy 
 W. lluinlicrstonc in iKHl. The hrnk mail.; then 
 has stooil the lest of lime. It is liaril, souml, ami 
 of n.Hiil color, ami is proiiounce.l hy the K''"'"'- 
 nienl architect the besi hrieU ina.le in the North- 
 
 "'"' riu- tirsl piihllr school 
 
 III llie Territories was es- 
 lalilisheil ill l';ilmiiiiloii 
 in Ihhl hy private suh- 
 seripl ion, ami a noo.l 
 school hasheell alcelinK 
 feature of the place ever 
 ,ince, .\l present there 
 IS ;i I'riilestanl public 
 sihiiol einploviiiK three 
 icachers .iinl haviiiK an 
 itleii.lance of nearly 1(H» 
 pupils. There is also a 
 leiiar.ile Roman Catholic 
 hool, with an alien- 
 lane- of ."ver .'ill. There 
 I'res- 
 
 pMiiscojial. 
 anil Komaii 
 
 
 ^^^i:,3..>'',. i^^.i»^^HM 
 
 M.IIN .AMIIll'Nsll"'"'-. f:l>""'>""'- 
 
 lieniust 
 it cert 
 
 .,iher UMMirees iiieiitioneil. as 
 elicit upon the city winch 
 
 lew on ilic 
 it certainly will, the inc. i mjui. >.- ' ■•-■ •y;^.,,, 
 liamlks the tra.le. as l-;,lni..u...n now .lues ami wiU 
 then can he inianineil. ,, ■ 
 
 Tlie 'pru.c f.irests whul. ..re f.iuml on .i" th 
 lie. w-i irs of Ihe Saskat. in «an, Inuii .i P"inl '.H 
 
 i .. l.vc • Imontiin m Ihc R.lck^ MiiiuLims 
 
 ;2d.'uur.'"sc.t;e,iicnth, .-'■•■•v^.>i;;,';;;^r 
 
 ;:r^l:c;:a:;^\;:''^t;en::.n ■ ^eas^s ,oim. the 
 
 v.lUv.il the Saskatchcw.iii. which estci.ils witn 
 
 , I ok n lerlili.y for : .uUes to the eastw;jn . 
 
 Tl -.-o.! hc.l- winch mi.li'.ic the town have he. 
 w kc'l to suppiv the Uic.ii .!, Mian, lor the p:.>t 
 l:; vears wiliunil a,,, ..•, ..hly il.niuiishiii« ■ 
 !,.■ Til,. ,-,,.il is till- l..'~t l.ir ilomcstic u-e tint 
 T'n ml. Va;;'l^Kco,,,^lnl^K theme Iniriiin, 
 
 LilUcs..fliitumiu.Hls,w!liUhll.e.-lc..li;.l;;-^ 
 ■ nlhiicite It is tliruishcl Vu tile Incil lOllslinlcl 
 
 ;',';,',['J'',.;u.„ply,h.i.i in ,..-. . ..her mi..m« t.'W" ■" 
 
 i:->i«.»" 
 
 sittiii«s.il the Siil'iemc 
 trict of that nam 
 
 Cana.la. hciiit; 
 
 il.pHe.l .1 -i;.-!'! 1" --"■'' ■' V'"' 
 l-Vnir mines are work.-.l n. mwu. k'm"H ""!"»>;, 
 
 „,nl I" a .onM.lerahU n.i.nlier o me. • -t 
 wiiilcr i-1 car on s wen .Aworleil to Kn. I'e.r. 
 
 ;;;;lla,irauaCal.ary ...;c,.'it..inu.m.;mnpeu. 
 
 tioM wi.h ...her variitu-..! coal, ^ni'l >!;'',."'.,. 
 Idlest salisf.ut.on. fni -i.-pments woul.l h."" 
 ; ■ u mud. larger hail .!:i;.. 'leen Pyl- '-;;;!-.' 
 facilities, su.-h as .he i,ul«„. w.ll shi.itly si>i'i"> 
 
 four churches ; 
 . , \ t e r i a 11 . 
 \1 itho.list 
 
 I.' a t h » 1 ic. The stores 
 .-irrv very heavy stocks 
 111 all lines, ami ilo a large 
 wholesale as well as re- 
 tail l.iisiness. I'hire are 
 Ihrec larKc ami will kept 
 lii.lels which alfor.l .very 
 ,1 ,.iimmoilatioii to the 
 ir;ivelliiiw puhlic. The 
 1 in pi-t ial hank has a 
 hrancli here, ami also the 
 private li.inkiiiK house of 
 l.alfertv .'v Moore. The 
 Diiinmiiiii lamls, timlier 
 amlrcnislrv ollices for the 
 .lisln.l .if'Niitlh .\lherta 
 are locateil here ; ami the 
 Ciiurt for the jmlicial ilis- 
 helil at I'.ilmonloii, where 
 ,,!so the siierin anil clerk resale. Hic K"y"linH;nl 
 teUri.iph line from .lie cis. ami Uu; I. . 1 . K. tele- 
 eiaph line from llu- south unite at I'.ilmoiilon. ami 
 uive ilircct communicalion in Im.h .lirecli.ms. 
 There is .i cnnplele t, leplione si-ivue Ihrounhoul 
 the t.iw n, ,.iiil a iiiiisl ellici.iil ele. Irii linht service. 
 
 \s will he s,-eii t.v th.- vi.w mi the nrsi pa^e ol 
 this article, the town is heiuliliillv Mtu.ileil on the 
 hi^h lami overliiiikinj; the S.sk.ilch.-wa.i ami its 
 vallev, where the iivcr makes sev.-.al pu tures,,.ie 
 hemli. K.y...K ...lyal.taKes for ilcsiralile resilience 
 sites nil.-iiuallc.l in aliv ..ther town 111 I le North- 
 west With us I...1UIV of silnilion. Us h....l.hlul 
 ness ii^posui.in ill Ihi centre. if .he lines, mixe.l 
 larmi.in ret-ion in Camula. Us . .immaml of the 
 iiaviealion an.l c.mimerce .il the Saskatchewan 
 anil as well of Ihe Ma.kell/le am! all llsw.iters. 
 its local imiustries i,f coal ni.iiiiiK. liimlieniit;, 
 hrick niakiUK .iml ni.llmK. an.l us marness to the 
 markets of UrUisli Loliimln... lalmonton cannot 
 fail to hcciime in the iieai fntur.; the larnest anil 
 most imporlanl town in the Territories. 
 
 Three (amilics of Germans for (Haskwaii ami 
 seven families for Wahaskiew, hmli si.ii.h of 
 l-Minont.m, pa^-cil thriiiinh Wil.llipe« recelilly lo 
 start !anniii>; Thcv miml.erc.l .illnnclher hi 
 souls, .mil uianv more from the olil nMiiitry will 
 shoitlv emu- .1111 to join iheni 
 
' 
 
 THE Er»M( )NT< >N DT.sTRTCT 
 
 The Eilmonton Coal DopoBltn. 
 
 lly ^/i.^'lil /> Mlilklilt 
 
 Till' iirf-fm'i' of riNil OH llif Sinknlilifwuii twH 
 hfni kiiciwii liv till' IluiltniiN liny l'c.m|iiiiiv fur 
 ttmiiv yvnrn. t'iit it wim imt until tin- rrpiirt "I 
 I'.ipt r'»lli«i'r'H i^KjiliiriiliiMi-. •Iiiniii; f-iT. l»'iHniiii 
 iH'pd Hilt piilplmllril tll.'lt It wiH mil''' V ,ii«ll In lllf 
 (mlillr. Illi.it tiri'ii i'»IJin.ili'c| In - ■.IikIhIh ilml 
 lllf I'liil iiirii«urp» iif Alliirtii ••xliiiil .ivrr IL'.IUKI 
 H.|imrf iiiilf*. iitiil Ilml lln' imil uiiilirhitiK iiiii' 
 ^.|imn' iiiilf, •.iip|iiisiiin till' -iMiii ti> III I'liiif lilt 
 IlilrU, wliiili iH 111! inriiKi', wmiM .iiiiciiiiil In 
 • i.lKKI.IMKI lulli, I'llllv llillllif tllc liri'll III null isull 
 llir N'lirth Sii^-kiililu «iiii iiii'i liilniliiry rivtTs, ami 
 liikiiiK iiitii aii'iiiiil till iiliiiM' intiiiiiitf, it iimy In- 
 fiiirly -.iiiil till- niiil in iiii'xhiiiiHliliU'. Tliv lirtt 
 IKTwiis to iiiiiii' I'oiil lit IMiiiiintim asiiriininu'riiiil 
 iiiiiliTliikiii>! wiTr Mr, lioiiiilil Kiihs ami Mr. 
 U'llliiUii l[iiiiiliir»liiii». Mr, Khhs niiuiu'il n si'iitii 
 nil tlif siiutli liiiiik 111' tlir rivir in IxHIi, Hiiil Innk 
 tlifrffrnin a tlimiMiml Iniii in fnnr yi'iirs. In \*«t 
 111' (ipiiicil aniitliir iiiiiii' ml tile north niili', hIiuIi 
 111! Hiill wiirkH, anil Iriiiii «liiili lif lia« takiii l.iKHI 
 toil-. Mr Iliinilnr-tiiiii- lirnt opi-m-il a iiiiiii' nil 
 tlif siMiili l.aiik III till' livir in IhMi, Imt in |H,Hl 
 iipfiii'il liiH pri'HMit iiiiiif, fri'iii wliirli lit- lias lakuii 
 I'.IKin tons, ()tlii-r niiiu's liavr ln'in npi'iieil liy 
 various piTsoiis, ainoii>{ whom ari' Messrs. SamliT 
 son, Thomas ami Moran, who have taken 
 ont iipwariln ol :) (hki tons. This niaki's a 
 total of I I.IKKI tons taken out ihiriiiK the 
 last lllviars. Some of this eoiil has laeli 
 sliiplieil 111 Cal^jary, a'lil some liy river to 
 llattleforil ami I'rliUi- .Mliert, lint mont of 
 it has heeii useil in ICtliiiontoii, whi-re it 
 sells at fl!,,'ill a ton. 
 
 Mr, Tyrell. II, A, I'.C.S., I'ieM I'.eolo 
 ^isl of the ( 'leiilonieal Survey of lanaila, in 
 the l'.eolo^!ilal Reiiort for IKHi;. .pi akiii« 
 
 of Milmoiiton roal, says : "At I'.il iitoii 
 
 a eoal seam four leet tliiek nniis out on 
 the south siile of the river. Infl. ahove the 
 water. .\ c|iiaiititv was mineil from it, lail 
 huely Mr. Iionald Uoss has run a ilrill in 
 the north hank, through a mas . of iinatt/ii' 
 petihlt-s sliiiileii from aliove. The seam 
 eoiisists of three feet of K01..I workaMe 
 eoal. overlaiil liy alunit n foot ot il irk clay 
 shale, wliii'h is ajjaiii overhiiii hy a ion- 
 slilerahle tliiikiiess of impure eoal. It has 
 not lieen fonml ailvisiiiile to work this 
 upper part of the sc.im, Inil it forms a very 
 Koo.l roof for the ilrifts ami rooms. The 
 eoal is beiiix used in I'Minonton at the 
 clllferenl forces ami generally thronnhoul 
 the town . il lairiis well Imtli in stoves ami 
 Kr,.tis. makiiiK a lieauliful clear hot fire, 
 an I when stored under a roof ean lie kept 
 foi a loiin lime in a perfectly ser\ii ealile 
 .on.lilioti. Slime whieli had been Ivinn in 
 a sited for .1 year was in lumps, .iiid when 
 1, limed made an exeiUent lire." 
 
 Mr. IIolflllBU, >;ovenilllent .issayist, ill 
 tlus.itiu. report nivisthe following analysis 
 of eoal from this seam : 
 
 ^'ivi' all e\< I'll* lit ide.t ol the pit luresipieileHs ot the 
 I '.iiiunton distnel ami of it» varied re»ouMe«, 
 I'he ^ lew ol the town in taken from Iiowler'ii 
 I'otnt, on im south hank of the Siiskati hewaii 
 and siailhinsl of llii' i.omi It »hows the jirelly 
 wiinliiiKs of the rlvi r in.l it* wooded liaiiks. The 
 feri v nhowii In on the nt.oii route from the station 
 to the town. On the llat just 'leyoml is the exten- 
 sive luMi'ier null of I'laser \ I'o,, who alsoopei ite 
 a nrlsl mill The town is seen heyoml on the liixh 
 liHiiks ol the river I'o the extreme left of the 
 view Is the lorl, the lieadijuarlers of the lludsiu's , 
 Hay l-'o for the illstriit " 
 
 'hie view of the diift entranee to Sir. Pon.ili! 
 KoNs' mine shown the eaui* with wliiel) 1 iial is ; 
 procureil The eiitrime is level with lliesenni, | 
 no hoislint! "r pumpiiin heinx reipiired. Ueference , 
 has heeii 111. ide in I'Umoih paKes to the «old- 
 washin)( oiiiiatious on the rive', whieli will he 
 lielter understood In. 111 the view showiiiK lh« j 
 simpliiily and easin.^, ul the work. | 
 
 The resiileme oi Mr |ohii Cameron, a lenillliK 
 iiierchanl and a im iiiher of the town enuncil, is 
 hiiilt of lot al hriik the exeellent ipiilitiesi of 
 whieli have alrenilv '.11 u referred to, The houne 
 is I InirmiiiKly sltiiHied ..verlookiiiK the river. 
 
 file farm viewH at.' i-. piral oiie<, ami sh.iw how 
 
 lliorou>,lil\ div«rHiliiil llie distrirl in. Mr. Ileiin- 
 
 ' imk's fariii Ironts o'l the S isk itehewan uml i,s 
 
 I \ \ I 11 I 1 1 
 
 I \Ts UN nil: ( ii.ii.via ,v 
 i:\ii.w\Y, 
 
 llv^ro^eopie w.aler 
 Volatile eomhustil.le m.itler 
 Fi.xed carbon. 
 Ash 
 
 1 1 17 
 
 :;ii-l'J 
 
 4,s,-i- 
 
 :iK-l 
 
 lIHI IHI 
 
 I not uiil; 
 , iiiKloi. 
 
 I tiitily situated hut is 
 
 lirsi-elass farm- 
 
 This compares laMiraliK with any coal in 
 Allurla. Since the coinpletinii of the Calvary and 
 !■: Imonloii Kailw.iy 111 this |)oiut a niiiiitier of e.ir- 
 Inadsofciial have lain sent to Cal^-iry .iml other 
 pl.ices on the line, .ilid it has ^;iven i;ood sitisf.ic- 
 tioii in competilioii with l.ethliritlne, (.'aiiimire and 
 other coals. If we consider that this coal is placed 
 ,it the head of iiavigiilion on a river llowiiiK for 
 ijii mi.es through a rich auricuUural counlry, 
 though not hmiilliliiUy -upiilied with fuel of ,iiiy 
 
 kind, hut cipahle of sniiportin« a popnlalion of j and 
 inillioiis, some idea m.iy he formed ol the luliire •' 
 , if the eu.il mining industry of l-;dmouton; ami the 
 time is not far ilistailt wllell thinHands of hardy 
 miners will he reipiired to liriiiK to li«lit the 
 il'iimiiahle stores of fuel deposited centuries a^o 
 hv the henericent hand of nature for the use and 
 lieiielll of the toilini; millions of the .Northwest. 
 
 The po 
 Hay Coiiii 
 marked .!■■ 
 ed and i 
 I':dmiini..i. 
 stationi'l 
 the Sask 1! 
 were num 
 watcheil 1 
 tiKht hi 111. 
 to he astiu 
 
 The h, 1 
 
 Till' H. B, Co. at Edmonton. 
 
 f 
 
 Th.-" lUuiitrations, 
 
 ( In this ami preceding payjes ,ire exact repro- 
 ductions of photo«raiihs hy Hoorne >S: May. of 
 falKary. and ,~tee!e ,V Wiiiy. of Winnipeg, and 
 
 th. 
 llardiM^ 
 one tliii^ 
 hriuKiiiK 
 limilitiK : 
 North W 
 the farii:. 
 11 IS u 
 hri^.idis 
 I-'aotorv. 
 trains <■■■ ■ 
 way to '.'i' 
 Garry, 1"' 
 turn wco 
 few vea'» 
 
 profit ssi\t-ness ol th- lluilson's 
 inv IS dcinonsirateil in hiihiioiiton to a 
 .;:;c. Wli" that remember^ the lileach- 
 I .ilier beaten hasliiiiH of old I-'orl 
 I'L.tn which, but a few years a^o, those 
 c, '.his lliin isiihited po'-t looke.l .icross 
 , li. iv.iii Kiver with anxiety when there 
 !■■ .1 the approach of the' lllackliet, or 
 ,1 Ir.ile more than -H years ai;o the last 
 , ■: '.he 111. a kfeel and the Crees, can fail 
 > ,(1 at the development of the place, 
 1 : :, a rocks the cradle rules the worM," 
 
 ,11!^ of Kowan, Sinclair, Christie and 
 t 1 I. at he reiiH-mbered iMtll pri.lc when 
 . , the ',\nrk that li.is been done in 
 
 ; > - ,iutifal country trom beiuu but tlu- 
 ,. ,1 1-. of tile most savage Indi.ins of the 
 1, '..■ he as it now is, the ideal home of 
 
 ;i,'n i;ie memory of many when the old 
 • '., ,is that went hilt oiirea year to York 
 
 All' uplace.l by (he uniinini;, cnakilli; 
 IT' • !':at aimu.iilv wi lidcl Ibeir win.liiii,' 
 
 ., ■\::n important hcidipiarlers ,it I'ort 
 
 uMi '!. ics away, and when tlie-i- in their 
 
 ,;! Idled by the steauiers which for a 
 
 on the lloo'l of the nii>;lity Sas- 
 
 k.ilchewaii the annual -upplies hir l-'orl fjInioiitolV 
 Now the fuellllie" aironlcl bv the railw.iy are iimdu 
 use of and with the exception of the HHI mileii timl 
 lie between I'ldmonton and the ,\th.iba«c.i Rive* 
 there IS ciiinmunicatioii by steam between tlii» 
 .\ritic Sea ami the l,iii.irii's where the blaiikelit 
 .Old beads that ulaildeii the hearts of the l',si|iii« 
 minx are pro.luced The trade of tllc xte.ii ecMinlry 
 to the North is all cni'luctc'l through I'alliiontoii, 
 and for thin reason the tradini* simp and wurn 
 houses of the old I'ort are iiiainlaineil. Here 
 .|. .arts the only remainliiK service of Kcd Rlvef 
 ci.tit, aii'l the suppliei for the McKeii/ie, Atha. 
 b,i« a jiml I'cire River country are t, iiisported ti» 
 the "gateway y^ Oiit NortU" mV (he «\thiibB«eii 
 l,aiidi"H. 
 
 lint white th» Interests of ttie xreirt fnr tra.T* 
 tiave thus been promoted the more modern biisi* 
 ness which the advanciiiK tide of inimi)(rntiiM| 
 brinxB with it h.is not been lo«t sij-ht of. Ah the 
 posiissors of jiart of one of the most heaiitifiil 
 town-sites in the Norlli-\Ve»t, the II II. Conipany 
 are ,ilioul to erect on il 'iiie of their general stores, 
 such as Calvary, Mcl.eod and nianv of llie towns 
 in the West possess. The Keiier.ii stores of the 
 Ciimpany will he locateil in the vicinity of the 
 r.overnmenl lluihliuK', the Town Hall, the I'osl 
 < mice ,iml other important hnildiiiKs. Meanwhile^ 
 lu meet the wants of this fast urowiuK community, 
 the Company occniiy temporary premise* 
 iji addition to the old I'ort store. 
 
 The old I'ort, with its trinlitions ot 
 ♦iravery and mighty hiintiiiK, will soon 
 have passed awnv, lint in the newer 
 I'almonlon that is l;ist coming into iin|Mirl. 
 aiiee as one of the imiiortaiit towns of the 
 West, it is to be lio]ied the Conioany will 
 eontiniie to enjoy prosperity, ami tli.it the 
 ilftliies of those pioneers who iinhired so 
 iniicli ill the early history and development 
 of the country may not be fornottcn., 
 
 Land Salen at Edmonton. 
 
 The Canadian racilie Railway Coiniiaii^ 
 'Id an auction sale of farm l,imls at 
 Imonton on May I, which w,is highly 
 .111 .essful, some l,'i',(KMI acres lieiiiK disposed 
 "1 at prices raiiKiiiK from |i:i.lu to li.'i.iWI an 
 acre. Purchasers were present from the 
 Eastern I'rovinces and lUitish Columhia, 
 but the luaivirity ]ireseiit were settlers of 
 llie surrounding ilistricts. The sale was so 
 ■ alisbictory that another will be held either 
 ,it the end of June or the first week ill July,, 
 Land Conimissiouer Ilamiltoii, who 
 attended the sale, says there is a i;reat 
 rush toward heaver Lake ilislrict and iiitu 
 the Ilaltlc River couiitrv, wliiili .qipcar In 
 he the two most f,i\ored sections. While 
 he was in I'Mimiiit.ai the Domini, ai l.ani s 
 ,„ olfice w.is tliroiiv;cd ever> day by new- 
 
 arrivals uiakiuK entries of homesteads in 
 those districts. The I'arry Sound Jiartyj. 
 which went out from Ontario a few \veeks a^jo^ 
 is now si-itli-d, many of its member- on home- 
 steels, though some have rented iinpr.'ved farms 
 for this season. Mr. Ilatnilton s.i\s ; . "Many 
 wonder at the attractions of the I'ldinouton dis'.rirt 
 when they coiupreheud the larj;e number of -tillers 
 that have j;oiu into llie country this spring- I 
 think an explaiiatiiui ollered by Mr Hull, of Cal- 
 i;arv, who I im-t at I'Minonton, is the principal 
 feature in deci.liiiK people to loc.ile in the district. 
 Mr. Hull savs the section is looked upon as the 
 supply v.'rouiid lor cattle, in the sjiriiiK auil sum- 
 mer, for the Ilritish Columbi i market. The west* 
 em r.iuchers are seeming this market, ami e\ery 
 VI', ir it is beiii^ niiire l.ir>;ely 'Icieloped, .mil 
 enormous shipments arc regularly Mi,ide over the 
 miimtaiiis. In the I'l'lmonton district hay can he 
 secureil verv clu'.ip. .iml by feedill.^ the c.ittle on 
 i o.irse Kraiii, no*. tU for export, animals are in 
 liritne condition 111 spring; and suniiner. liritisli 
 CoUinibia pronii-.'saii unlimiteil m.irkel for North- 
 west beef, and the .Mbert.i stockmen an- .leleri. 
 mined to keep il in iheir hands.'' 
 
 The ureat rush of new settlers in the Northwest 
 Territories this se.isou h.is been to Ihe halmoiUoii 
 district, ami there is little 'loubl the iiilUiv will 
 kicp steadily iii.'reasiiiK. 
 
 ,\ coh'in' of 'Jlis p-.'rsons. including mi men, tVom 
 near i'.irr\' Souml. 1 iiilaiio. have receiilly settled ill 
 the I'Muioiiton district. They look "ill with them 
 Mi hoises, 1711 cattle ,md a lar^e .iimninl of elfects. 
 
 ! 
 
THE KUMONTON DISTRICT. 
 
 A Settler trom Nova Scotia 
 
 Mr. Cieorfje Sutlierlaiiil writes froui SUirj;eoii 
 River, near I'Mitioiiton: " 1 left Colcliester County. 
 Nova Scotia, June l.st, IHS;;, arriviii^ .-it ICilnionton 
 on July llith of tlie same year. I took up land in 
 tbe Sturgeon Kiver settlement, atul put l'> acres 
 untler crop Ibc foUowint; spring;. I have been 
 cultivating tbe .same witb its yearly acblitions ever 
 since witbont u ing any fertilizers, and tbe cro;i of 
 18(11 was better tban tbat of l.S.s4. Wheal, oats, 
 barley, etc., yield remarkably veil under favorable 
 circunistancea. I have bad as many as liKi bushels 
 of oats, Ob of wbeat, and i't nf barky to tbe acre. 
 Potfttoes. turnips, cabbages, etc., in fact all roots 
 aiul vegetables do well. Cultivated and wild fruit 
 are in abundance in their season, Titnotby. up- 
 land aiul swamp hay grow luxuriantly. Water, 
 coal, drv wood, fence' rails and buibling tind)er are 
 plenlifu'l. Tbe climate i- very e.\bilaraling. Win 
 ter cttunueiu'cs in I)ccind)er, spring opens in 
 March. Stock need but little care through tbe 
 winter ; work horses and milk cows are better for 
 being stabled. Voung c.-Utle aiul horses do well if 
 they have access to the straw stacks ami a sheil to 
 
 and laborers fiiul employuiciit readily at certain 
 times of the year, prospectors for gold make 
 from i'2 to $.") a day on the bars of the North 
 Saskatchewan River at ICdmonlon. The Canadian 
 Pacific Railway furnish lirstelass accommodation 
 as far mirth as tbe town of I-)duuniton, and is 
 doing business far in advance of cxpcctatious. 
 
 "Those who are living on reduced or poor 
 farms ami wish to better their condition can do so 
 by going to the Kdmonton distrut of Northern 
 Allien, I. There are no large Incs to fell, no 
 slum|is to root out, no stones to pick, or no heavy 
 bills to climb, but one can settle on a farm almost 
 ready made. The gc. v'erniuent will .i;ive Hill acres 
 of choice land for tbe small sum of jld, on coiuli- 
 tion that certain improvements are ni.idc on it in a 
 given time. They will sell adjoiuuig lands at a 
 nominal price, payable in yearly inslabiienls and 
 at low rate of interest ; or if Ibat \i ill not nuit, the 
 C. 1'. R. Co. are olTering choice l.uids in the 
 lulmonton district, near the railroad, at Mom i:i 
 an acre, payable in 111 yearly in^.lalniciUs, at ti 
 per cent, interest. Their oflicers .iiid agents are 
 obliging, kind and courteou.i, and full of intbrmu- 
 tiou. When purchasing your ticket of iiny of 
 tbeiu stale whether you intend to (Molecule ranch- 
 
 climate here, I can speak from knowledge of over 
 eight years experi'Mice that the climate surp.asses 
 tbat of the Maritime Provinces in serenity and 
 buoyancy, caused by the air lieing so umch <lrier ; 
 although the Ihermometc. falls lower occasionally 
 here, the cold is not so piercing as the cold, raw 
 winds, with frowning skies, which prevail in the 
 blastern Provinces. It may suflice to sav thai 
 horses winter out on the prairie and callle do well 
 in shells ; whereas it is a well-known fact that 
 auimi'.N would certainly die outside in winter in 
 tbe east. 
 
 "The next important matter that is lo be consi- 
 dered is the soil, which I must say is second to 
 none in the Dominion, as the manure is consi- 
 dered as much of a nuisance here as il is looked 
 upon at home as an all-important factor to re- 
 plenish the soil. In the next place, instead of 
 pursuing Ihe steps of our fathers' and forefathers' 
 vicissitudes ami hanlships in chopping vhe forest 
 oiT the face, all that is necessary liere is to start 
 the plow on an alreaily made farm by nature, and 
 the ([ualily and (luantily of grain far exceeds the 
 most carefully fertilized and tilled soil east ; and 
 lO give here the accurate yield per acre in many 
 cases would be considered incredible. 
 
 •v* ,^'••■4' 
 
 ■^j¥^ .~ 
 
 wfe&s^-i^f:. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 'l. I . • a ^ ' ■ 
 
 •4' - 
 
 
 IliU K's lll:i MUM 1 \KM. NKAIi I.IIMONTON. 
 
 go to ill the coitlesl weather. Slieeji do well and 
 increase rapiilly. 
 
 "There ate several agricultural imiilemcnl 
 agencies, where we can get any farni imiilement 
 of the latest and most imiiroved kinds at moderale 
 prices and on reasonable It mis. We have live 
 ui..n as real esl.ile agents who are doing a iu>liiiig 
 business, and are always ready to give any iiif'or- 
 malioii reiiuircd by the iuteiidiug settler in town 
 or country. We have fine dry goods, grocery, 
 hardware, furniture, staliouers and jewelry stores, 
 where we get anything in ilieir biie al botloui 
 prices, buiuber yards, wlur..- we j;et any kiiul 
 required for building p-.irposes al from i'21) a thou- 
 sand feet up. Crisiiug mills, sawmills, churcbis. 
 schools, J ost^ilTices seem to kec]( pace with the 
 reiiuiremeiUs of the settlers. Schools are liberally 
 supjiorled by aid fioni the ('.oxernnient. Two 
 banking ins'tilutioiis are di.iiiy ,i remuiieralive 
 bnsiues-.. Clergymen, lawyer^, doctors, drug- 
 gists, etc., are well reiiresculed. We have con- 
 tractors and builders who fiiruisli material and 
 erect buildings at short notice ami at low figire-. 
 There is lir.st-class hotel accommcdaliou al mode- 
 rate rates. I.ivery and feed -.tables, butchers, 
 blacksinilbs. tailors, slioeuiakers. etc. etc., are all 
 oil the .ilert ; .tii.I there is a live newspaper from 
 which we get reliable information Mechanics 
 
 iiig or mixed farming, lii.o thing, they may tell 
 vou .Southern .\lberta is well .tiapted for such, but 
 whtnevir >oii menlioii iiiiNi 1 farming they will 
 invariabh tell yon .o lake voir ticket to Nurtheru 
 .\lberla. more particularly tu llu- ICdllioilton dis 
 Iricl, which is excelled b\ i;,i other pari of the 
 Canadian Northwest for tbat ] iirpose. " 
 
 A Farmer's Ti'stimony. 
 
 .Ml, Malcolm MrKinlav 
 River. N.W.T. " 1 canie 
 Island i'l I'^S.i. and settUd 
 T. .'il. I have TO acres ciil 
 well slocked, and lair buil 
 fuel, water and limlier . as ! 
 meuts ate abiiiidailt all om i 
 settler can in. ike a inisMk' 
 am awaie there has bt-en 
 tbronghoiit the Marr.ilile 1': 
 of the coiinlrs was too fai n 
 desire br emigrating wa^ ; 
 or rather more to a conn- 
 than the Provinces, which : 
 reasoning, as the i liinate ; 
 porlanl fealuie to le con- ' 
 settler. To remove that uii 
 
 H riles from Sturgeon 
 
 Ircim Prince Ivlward 
 
 nil section .'iL'. R. -4. 
 
 Iiv.iled. comparatively 
 
 lings, approximate to 
 
 lic-e essential reipiire 
 
 Northern .\lberta, no 
 
 ill selecting land. 1 
 
 1 prevailing opinion 
 
 evinces that tins perl 
 
 (■rill, collsci|lielitly the 
 
 variably to the scpiith, 
 
 I', as w.iriii or w. inner 
 
 doubt was very good 
 
 ilie first and most ini- 
 
 icd by any intending 
 
 ressiou re'jardiiig the 
 
 " Horses, cows and sheep do well here and [ro- 
 litable to the owner, as can la- easily compre- 
 hended on account of such abundance of pas 
 tiirage. The growth of vegetation is enormous, 
 I have known where c.-itHe grazed all siiinmer aiu! 
 tile retpiireti lia\- lor winter use has binit-nt on 
 same ground Regarding lisks in raising crops, I 
 nia\ say during m> experience of over eight 
 \ears, that a gooil average could have been raised 
 every year. No doubt it is necessary to have the 
 giMiind ready ii: fall to put in the wheal early, or 
 as s(,oii as the sii,>\\ is olT the ground, which lakes 
 pl.'ice about ,\pril 1st. .Snow for sleighing may lie 
 loiiked for alioiil [anilary Isl " 
 
 It is exjiected that ill couseiiuence of the great 
 rush lo ilie l';duiontoii district the regular train 
 service from the main line at Calgary will have to 
 be increased 
 
 .\iuoiig the immigraiils who passed through 
 Winnipeg receiitlv were 111 I'reiicii Canadians for 
 St. .Albert and 111 I'lemish people from llelgirni. 
 under the cap' of the Rev. ballier Moriit of Mon- 
 treal. The rieiiiish jieople will start a brewery at 
 I-!dtuonton, and the b'rencb will join a colony of 
 farmers. 
 
 Lat 
 
 The 
 
 Gen 
 
 TiK 
 
 Hea 
 
 Tinst 
 
 i I 
 
 Haker, 
 Ca 
 
i I 
 
 DIRECTORY OF THE TOWN OF EDMONTON. 
 
 •lohii Cliiiiioroii, 
 
 General MerchHiit. 
 
 Kai-iii> »V l>l<'iir<l. 
 
 Cleneral Mercliants. 
 
 <1«'». H. Wliiii-toii. 
 
 l,ate of Manchester, England. Dealer in fancy 
 Dry Goods. 
 
 W. ilobiiNtoii Walk(>r. 
 
 The Manchester House. Diy Goods. 
 Importer of English Goods. 
 
 Direct 
 
 M. <1. ('oiniorN. 
 
 Furniture Dealer. Wholesale and Retail. 
 
 •'••"by & <'«». 
 
 Harness, .Saddles Whips, Combs, Curry Combs, 
 etc., etc. All work guaranteed. 
 
 Naiii. Hill. 
 
 Brick and Stone Masou. 
 
 nHtcliiiiKN & Rllcy. 
 
 Harness and Saddle Makers. Shops at Edmonton 
 and Calgary, leam Harness a specialty. 
 
 I'. Ijooby. 
 
 Carriage and Blacksmith Shop. 
 
 HuiIndiiN Hay CoiiiiMlliy, 
 
 General Dry Goods. Boots and Shoes. Groceries 
 and Provisions. We have also the finest 
 selection of Wines, Iviquors and Cigars. 
 
 TIh' Manitoba Loan & Trust Coinpaiiy, 
 Llnt'ed, 
 
 Head Office— Winnipeg, Men. P. Daly, Agent 
 Edmonton, Alberta. ' 
 
 Brown & flurry. 
 
 General Merchants. 
 
 Geo. |> 
 General Blacksmith. 
 
 .San^UTMin. 
 
 Horseshoeing a specialty. 
 
 Wni. \V«^»t. 
 
 Brick and Stone Mason. 
 
 <J«.0. W<-.Ht. 
 
 Teamster. 
 
 The Sln|;<.r Mnniit'aiturinK t'oniimuy. 
 
 Latest and most improved style of Sewing Mach- 
 mes. F. S. Glover, Agent. 
 
 R. FoNter. 
 
 Barber, 
 
 T. B. H€.n<l..rN<)n. 
 
 Merchaut Tailor. 
 
 .las. McMinin. 
 
 Proprietor Honeer Barber Shop. 
 
 I*. A. I>i.sorni<.au. 
 
 Practical Tailor. 
 
 •f. A. :>l<-l>onKall. 
 
 Dry Goods. Groceries. Boots and Shoes. 
 
 KosN Bros. 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Hardware and Stoves. 
 
 .loliii Hoiirston & Co. 
 
 Hardware Merchants. Stoves and Tinware. 
 
 Oliavo & C'orriveaii. 
 
 William Haliday. 
 
 Merchant Tailor. 
 
 K«l. l.iyons. 
 
 General Blacksmith. 
 
 Mrs. <). H. Bnsb. 
 
 Millinery. 
 
 Mrs. ,1. E. Lambert. 
 
 Millinery. 
 
 Mrs. Cbave and Mr«. ('orrlveau. 
 
 Dress and Mantle Makers. 
 
 Cbas. .Sandison. 
 
 Conl Mine. IMrst-class coal delivered at $2.50 per 
 ton. 
 
 Tinsmiths and Blacksmiths. 
 Stoves and Tinware. 
 
 Dealers in Hardware, 
 
 v.. Itaynit'i , 
 
 Watchmiiker and Jeweller. 
 
 W. HiinilM'rstone. 
 
 Manufacturer of Pressed Brick aud dealer iti coal. 
 
 K. I). Kortiii. 
 
 Stationery, Books an<l I'anry Goo<ls. 
 
 <ico. Tli<)in|)N»ii. 
 
 Chemist and Dru>!>;ist. 
 
 l>oiiald Koss. 
 
 Kdmonton Coal Mines 
 
 \V. T. I{..,.s. 
 
 Coal Merchant. 
 
 Sladame M. Brissotte. 
 
 Millinery. 
 
 I*. ByriiM. 
 
 Boots and Shoes made to order. Main Street. 
 
 ('. <iallaKli<-r. 
 
 Pork Packer and dealer in all kinds of meat. 
 Highest cash prices paid for Beef Cattle and 
 Hogs. 
 
 .V, K. I'attison. 
 
 Water Carrier aud Drayman. 
 
 i>. W. MrOonald. 
 
 Druggist and I'liarniari..:t. 
 
 T. «J. Lander. 
 
 it. IIuiiIcsnIs. 
 
 Carriage Maker and Painter. Victoria Avenue. 
 
 Kdnniiiton Moat Market. 
 
 R. Vance & Co., Proprietors, Highest cash price 
 paid for Beef, Pork, Mutton, Poultry and 
 Farmers' Pro<luce. Main Street. 
 
 ll<(M«'y Bros. 
 
 Meat JIarket. 
 
 \Vm. U.irlier. 
 
 Baker, Confectioner and Iruit Dealer. Wedding i „. , „ , ,, 
 
 Cakis a specialty. *>'<"'* '""' '*"''' -^'ason. Plasterer and ConUactor. 
 
 Cellars and Post Holes dug, 
 etc. 
 
 Uoodall. 
 
 Ditching, Fencing, 
 
 Wc^f Kiul Dairy. 
 T. Hourston, Proprietor. R. .\ndr5ws, Manager, 
 
 I 
 
DraECTOKY OF THE TOWN OF EDMONTON. 
 
 MattlM'w McC'niile.v. 
 
 I,ivery aud Feed Stablea and Agricultural Im- 
 plements. 
 
 The Walter A. Wood Maiiiil'aeliii-liiMr Co. 
 
 Agricultural Implements. J. Cameron, Agent. 
 
 Kdiiioiitoii Kleetrie Mu-ht & Power Co., 
 Limited. 
 
 Offices-- Main Street. 
 
 Kelly and Cliislioliii. 
 
 Ivivery aud Feed. Water Carriers and Draying. 
 
 MMore & MaeDowall, Limited. 
 
 Lumber, Shingles, Lath, etc. C. F. .Sir.iug, Agent. 
 
 Kdiiioiitoii Telephone Co. 
 
 Central Office— Main Street. 
 
 
 FraHcr & (!«. 
 
 Lumber, Flour and Feed. Mills at Edmonton and 
 Athabasca. Office at the I'Mmonton Mills. 
 
 
 F. Ariii.<*tr(>ii{;, 
 
 Livery and Feed Stables. 
 
 nooriie & May, Limited. 
 
 Artistic Photographers and Photo-Printers. Cal- 
 gary and Edmonton, AlberU. Catalogues of 
 over 1000 Local, Ranching, Rocky Mouutain 
 and Indian views on application. Address for 
 caUlogues, P. O. Box (il, Calgary, N. W. T. 
 
 iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiimniiiiiiitiiiitiiiiiiniiiHitiiiiiiiiiii 
 
 UXestepn Canada. 
 
 Person.s interested i\i learning of the re- 
 .sources and development of the great Cana- 
 dian Territory lietweeii Lake Snperior and 
 the Pacific, including the Provinces of Mani- 
 toba, British Columbia and Norlluvest On- 
 tario, and the Provisional Districts of Assini- 
 boia, Alberta and Saskatchewan, should read 
 TiiK Wrstkhn World, a handsomely illus- 
 trated monthly magazine, which is the re- 
 = cognized exponent in periodical literature of 
 5 the achievements, the opportunities, the 
 S business enterprise aud the wholesome and 
 = progressive life of the Great West. Sub- 
 H scription price to Canada or the I'nited 
 5 States $1 a year; to Great Britain and other 
 = European countries, $1.25 or 5 .shillings. 
 5 Money Orders shonld be made payable to 
 
 V, I>avi(ls<>ii. 
 
 Livery and Feed Stables. 
 
 Cliuiit; Gee. 
 
 Washing and Ironing. 
 
 .fiis. NorrlM. 
 
 Livery Stable. 
 
 Kdiiiontoii Cai'tiiije ('oiiipMiiy. 
 
 Robertson & Breniner, Iroprietors. 
 
 Massey - HurrlH Cuiui>aiiy, Limited. 
 
 Agricultural Implements. 
 
 The Kdiiioiittiii Hiilletiii. 
 
 First Weekly Newspaper in the North-West. Sub- 
 scription $2 a year. Frank Oliver, Proprietor. 
 
 W. Malc.uey. 
 
 Agricultural Implements. 
 
 .1. C. C BMMiiiier. 
 
 Horse Rancher. Clover Bar, Nortbrrn Alberta. 
 
 K. G. Hai<lisl,». 
 
 Merchiston Ranche. Pedigreed I'oUi.lAngus and i 
 Short-Horned stock. 
 
 i 
 
 C. 8. I.U.yd. 
 Agricultural Implements. 
 
 S Address Thk WksTERn World, = 
 E Winnipeg, Canada. 5 
 
 ^iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiil 
 
 Edmonton t^eal Estate ExGhang^<. 
 
 
 ^v 
 
 JE^. P3:E!i3iwa:i3srcis 
 
 
 13 C -* "•?>. 
 
 A»»l 
 
 p. 0. DRAWER 28 
 
 MAIN ST., EDMONTON, ALBERTA, ( ^f ^|J> \||PH<lNENo. 78. "^^ '^'- "^ 
 
 HAVE FOR SALE ON EASY TERMS OF Pl#kENT 
 
 1,000 Town Lots. 
 65,000 acres Improved 
 and Unimproved Lands. 
 
 Numerous Timber Limits, 
 
 Coal and other Mining 
 
 Claims. 
 
 MONEY TO LOAN. SCRIP BO[TGHT AND SOLD. 
 
 Wt> have mure rellabU' and rt'iiMiiU'ratlvt^ invent iiieiits lo offer than any otlnr Hrni in tUo District of 
 Allierta. 
 
 C(>rreMi»onik>m;(' inviti'd, u« trouble to answer enquiries. Hij^luiMt reierenoeM on ai:)[»iicatiou.