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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. i "^ 8 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 o H d o (3- o > *z; THE GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY COMPANY OF CANADA. SOtECTOBS IH lOHSQS, THOMAS BARINO, Eeq., M.P. "X »tmui>k>tm\Ma, OEOKGE CARR GLYN. E.,. M.P. I '°-'-„ » *^' " - c--'« "•"™"'- HENRY WOLLASTON BLAKE, Eiq. ROBERT M'CALMONT, Esq. KIRKMAN DANIEL HODGSON, Esq. Alderman W. THOMPSON, M.P. DIBECTOBS IH CAHASA. Tlie Hon. JOHN ROSS, Member of tl.e Legislative Council, Solicitor-General for Upper Canada, President. The Hon. FRANCIS HINCKS, M.P., Inspector-General. The Hon. E. P. TACHE, M.L.C., Receiver-General. Tlie Hon. JAMES MORRIS, M.L.C., Postmaster-General. The Hon. MALCOLM CAMERON, M.P., President of the Executive Council. The lion. R. E. CARON, Speaker of the Legislative Council. The Hon. PETER M'^GILL, M.L.C, President of the Bank of Montreal. GEORGE CRAWFORD, Esq., M.P., BrockriUe. BENJAMIN HOLMES, Esq., Vice-President of the St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railway Company. W. H. PONTON, Esq., Mayor of Belleville. W. RHODES, Esq., auebec. E. F. WHITTEMORE, Esq., Toronto. BANKERS nr LONDON. Messrs. GLYN. MILLS & Co. Messrs. BARING BROTHERS & Co. ENQINEEB IN CHIEF. ALEXANDER MCKENZIE ROSS, Esq. ASSISTANT ENGINEER. SAMUEL KEEFER, Esq. SECKETABT IN CANADA. C. P. RONEY, Esq. SOUCITOBS IN ENGLAND. Messrs. SWIFT and WAGSTAFF, 30, Great George Street, Westminster. SOLICITORS IN CANADA. G. E. CARTIER, Esq., M.P., Montreal. JOHN BELL, Esq., Belleviile. . ,..,.„, ■ J . »i I MinvvrF f'AZKNOVE & PEARCE, Auction Mart, London, Brokers; or to Apiilicatiouf for Shares to be made to Messrs. LAUKt.lNt.1., ivA/ll-.-NUVX. a i i^^iivvi^, /» WILLIAM CHAPMAN, Esq., 2, Lcadenhall Street. i 'r.iE govcunient and legislature of Canada have by various Acts incorporated several Companies for the construction of different sections of the Main Trunk Line of Railway throughout the Province; and Acts „r the Canadian Parliament have also been passed authorising the amalgamation of all the Companies whose railways i.itei-sect or join the Main Trunk Railway with the Grand Trunk Railway Company, so as t, ionn one C.n.panv, tuider the name of the " Grand Trunk Railway Company of Canada.' Arrange- ments arc nccordingly in proprcsn for a fiiMon of tlio Grand Trunk Railw.iy Comimny of Canailii Kast, the (imlu-L- ami Hiihinoiul H;iilaay ('nini.nny. the St. l.awniuT iiml Alliinlic Kailway C()in|iaiiy, the Graml Junction Ruiiwoy fomiiaiiy, and tlic 'I'dronldanvl Ciurlpli Hallway ( oMi|i«nv, with '\'\w Urauil Trunk Railway Compauy of Canathi, lormini; toRother lMi4 niiici ol Itailway iinc-luilMn a Hridne over tlie St. Lawrence at Montrcnl, wliich will In oonstiuctcd uiulcr tin- Hniiciinlcndi'iici' of llmiKai- Stki iiinson, Esq., M.l'., and A. M. Hoss, Ks(|.), with a comliincd cMiiital nf nine million live hundred thousand pounds, and for a lease hi perpcluity of the Alliuilic and St Uwn-nee Uailwiiy iVoin the point of its junelion with The Grand Trunk llidlway to ihp City of I'orllaml, Ms inihn, whereby aceess in ohtaiued to the Atlantic at one of the natural llarhours of the Western Continent. Tlie capital is ..... made u|) as follows: Amount already raised in Mi.iris, and spent on VVorkii d*' I'lcSt. Lawrence and Atlantic and (iuebec and Richmond RiiMu:;^* .... ilfis;!, 1()() Amount already raised on Bonds . . . I'.i'i.WO £1,1 Ui,4()a Reserved in Sh.nros mikI Ochentin-en for llio SharcludderK in the St, l.awiciKV' mid .Atlantic ami IJuehei' anil Richmond R.iilways on the amal({anuition, and for tlie I)uiidli(p|ilers of ihr Ontario, ."^imcoeand Huron Railway ('om|MUiy .... Leaving ... ... This amount will he created and ap|)ortioned an fulloHi: Stock in I 11,920 Shares of ,£2.5 each . Dehentures of <£100 each, payable in 2.') yenrs, hearinu; interest at 6 per cent, per nnnuni, payable half- yearly, in London, and convertible into .Shares on or before the first day of .Fanuary, IXi.'J, at the option of the holder .... .\nd Debentures, convertible into Bonds of the Provincial Ciovcrnnunt of .ClOO cneh, payable in 'Jit years, benring interest at G per cent, per annum, payable half-vcarlv, in London .... £S.'17,(!(I() £!t,.'>()O,O0t) 'J.'J.vl.OOU ^7,2l(i,00() .t';j,(;i>;j,()oo 1,811,600 l,S||,.'JOO t'7,'J HJ.OOO Of these 141,920 Share;, it is proposed now to issue one-half, viz. .Cl,s| L.'idO in Shares, and the same amount in Debentures, the other iialf h;i\iut: bet ii af^recil to be taken by tbeCoiilraclors, who, bow ever, eiii;age to £:ivc to the holders of such Shares, on the 1st .Inly, 1S,')4 (twelve months alter the antieijialcd openin;; of the St. I^wrence and .Atlantic section of the Riiilway), the option of takintf, in iipial jiroportioiis, two-thirds of such remaining moiety ; that is to say, every holder of .'}0 rucIi Shares will, on the 1st .hily, iN.'j'l, be entitled to claim 2il Shares more at jjar, together with an equal amount of Debentures, also at par. Such additional Shares and Debentures to bear interest at i)er cent., from the Naid l»t .Fuly, l^!')4, £200 of Debentures (one-li;ilf of each description) will be issued at pai' with each .C2<)(( of Siiarcs. By the law grantinu' the Provincial aid, it is provided that the bonds of the Province shall be issued as the works advance. The.se bonds will, therefore, be held in trust, to be delivercil /im nitn to the holders of the convertible debentures. Interest at the rate of (J per cent. i)cr annum, from the completion of the amalgamation, until the entire works are finished, will be paid half yearly, in London, in SlerliuL', on the amoinit from time to time paid up on each Share. The Dividends, as declared, will aUo be payable in sterling in London. The first payment in respect of the Shnrcs and Debentures will take pjar-c on allotment, as follows, Tiz : — £5 on each Share, and 20 per cent, on each Debenture, to bo paid nt the (Company's Bankers in London, Lirerpool, or Canada. The remainder will be called up by instalmentii, not excecdiiis^ £2 \0$. per share, and 10 per cent, per debenture.at intervals of not less than four months between each call. The more prominent points tlicrcin nre :— 1. The oo,npletcne.8 of the syntem of Railway, engrossing, as it does, the traffic of Canada iind the State of Mnine. and preoludin-; injurious competition, -• J'"' '•"■^t' nniount of (iovcrnment guarantee and of Canadian capital invested- beinit two nullions tight hundred tiiousand pounds sterling. 3. The fact that 2.M) u.iles of the Railway are now open for traffic -to be increased to 390 nules hy the close of the present year. 4 The execution of the whole remaining works bring in the hands of most experienced eon raetors ; ,l,c eminent English firm of Messrs. Peto. JJrassey. Betts. and Jackson, having undertaken six-sevenths thereof, including the St. Lawrence Bridge. 5. The cost of the Railway being actually defined by the contracts already made, whereby any apprehension of the capital being found insufficient is removed. In the Appendix will also be found the data for the following summmt/ «/ probab/e revenue. On 1,112 Miles, at an average of above £2r, per mile, per week £\,479fi(iO Deduct working expellees, -}(» per cent. . . . 59 1 SCI Interest on debenture debt £4,G35,200 Rental of Atlantic and St. Lawrence Railway 278,100 (50.000 Thus showing a profit on the share capital. £1.86 1.800 of nearly 111 percent. £cSS7,79(i 338,100 £.519,096 I iiAPMAN, l',sq., m the following (orni: FORM OF ArPTJCATTOX FOR SUARFS. To the Directors of THE GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY COMPANY OF CANADA. r rcqui'st voii will allot to nic S>lmresofX~'.5eacIi, with the propor.ionale amount of IW,o„,uros of oaated the day of 1853. Name Address Profession Kefcrcncc APPENDIX. Tlic (Jraiid Triiiik lliiilwiiy of runiiclii, with thn AtUrilio nnd St. |jiwronct< Railway of Maine, 1,118 niili'i ia Iciiylh, with nil uiiiforiii umiKc (if .0 |'|.(.| (i iiiclii's, n« now liroiiulit iiiiili-r tin- iioliin of tliu Itrilinh public, otfi-rt tite nioHt niiiipriliriisivi' nvhIciii of iUilwiiy in the world. I'roUTti'd from thii powibility of injiirimu <:oin|R'titiou, for nearly Its iMiliri' l('ii|{ili, hy naliiriil ciiiiM's AN nt'll »s Jiy li>Kiiiliiiivi' I'liiiciinfiit, it i-nnrosKcn llio Jrutfir of a region futowdiug HOI niili't ill oii(> iliiccl liiii' fn.iii I'luiliiiid to l.iikc Huron, coniiiininj; n )io|mlutioii of nearly thri-e millions, in Canada, ^^tlll(lNt, Nr« I iiiii|)-liirr mid Miiiiic. Al rcitliuid it nJiiiKilM wilii the system of ruil\viiy» rcucliiii^ east ward l.iu,ml> the |inniiu,' of Niw llriiimwiik, and licrfufliT to Hulifux in Nova Siotia, ait wtdl an tuulhward, by linc» iiIiiadN l■^i^lil|;r, to llusioii and New York, Al tlii" froiiiier of (.'anada it attain uiiiii-s with other linen tu liostuu and llie ;;iial niaiuil.ielurin^ di-triiln of New Knyland. I'rom Kieumoud il riiim eautward to Uuebt-c and I'rias I'lsloles, ;.'."),J niile«,(ii\inKdii(et neee»H lo ilie ureal sliiiliiii)- pi-rl of Canada in nuinmer, and hereafter by rail to till' Alliinlii' ill lliililax by Tinis 1'ii.ioleH and .Miriinielii, foriiiin;,' the only route In the great fisheries of the tiulf of Si. I, aw lenee and the eastern titulier.eoul.and mineral distrit I of New llrnnsttiek. At Montreal it again meets llaee railway* wm in oiieralion to lloslon and New York. M I'reseott it receives the tributary line from Uylown and ihe vast limber djsiiic Is III ilii. Ottawa, n the trunk line. At Kingstun, the Uome iiiiil Si, \ii,(ent lailioad.also from New York, iM'eomes its tributary. I'lum thence to Toronto, it receive* the entire produM of the rich (ininlry iiorili of Lake Ontario, through the channelH of IJelleville and Peterborough branch, and several other new lini s alieadj in progress to construcliim, and all tributary to the main Trunk road. At Toronto, the Ontario, Siniroeanil Hiniiii railniad. 100 iiiiles now nearly llnlshed, pours on the trallic of the region around Lake SimcoeaiidUeorgiuu lliij. .Vt ihe same point ii also met the (ireat Western railway liy llamilloii to Detroit, ^'40 miles, now in a forward stntB tor eiim|ileti by which comimiiiication is had with the southern part of Western Canada, us well us with tlie railways in operationfrom Detroit to thu states of Michigan, Illinois and Wisconsin. I'miii Turoiilo, westward, the line passing through Ihe heart of the western peninsula of Canada ensures to th.' ;;riind Trunk llie exclusive tratlie of the (iiiest part of the iHirviiue ; while at its terminux at Sarnia it debouches at ilie very outlet of Lake Ilur aioiding the sliallows of tlie Detroit and St. Clair rivers below — a point the must fin(iiiiiitily siliialed lor the navigation extending ihiiiiigh Lakes Huron and Michigan, and liereafter through Lake Superior. .\t Sarnia, the .\niericnii railroads now in course of construi tioii place the Grand Trunk line in the most direet communication with the arterial lines to the Great West and the Mississippi, a region whose advance in popiilalioii and weallli has been regarded as almost fabulous, and yet whose resources are still very partially dcvelope at onrr ohlaiiu'il frnm Uiciil biKiiii-n ; wliili- tin- tntiil Irallir, if r»tinmtiMl In llic ririipl« pKili>nHliiir(jri>iiil, £itli\trr mili- pi'r wrrk, llio liiti'«t Amrrii iin niilrimiliitfrriim any parnlli'l. «ill iiniipiiiu I" ii «um nf CSOT.OW), iiiilr|MMnlcnt nf llii- Krciil fuliiri' ilrvrlopmrnt of llir nmntry npcniil up l>) llio line It miiy lif ii»^iMiii'il that thi> nvpniip of tin- Company, from thi- M, of AMdl.^'tM) |M'r nnniim, nrti, allowing -10 ]wt rrnt. for working cxiM'ni'i'n, nml ili'ilnrlinK ttiO.OtXI for loimi' of Portlnnil linr, woiilil Iravi- nnirlij tqual to the charge fivr the entire mnrlgiuje iMt of the Oimpamj, iiixl Ihim from iirluul jireiint nirninijii niTiiiimj lo the bomlholileri their inlerent, on iiU the rapitiil intended to be railed by dehentunn. It i« pro|)ou'il, »imultnni wmti-rn nri'tion of the (irand 'rrunk, niimlMT alrrady !M>7 niiirs, iAiM' of projpftrd lines. 'I'ho romplt'tion of this link i^i riinpiitinl to tlir nnti»fartory nnd fronomicnl working of ihr (inind Tnink Railway ; anil it has thiTpfon- bppn inrorporatPil with thr pntirt- line. It will 1m' ronntrnrtnt arrording lo tin' plans nnd niidi'r the Huporintondi'iirp of Kohprt Strphi'nsnn, Kri| , C.K., (who is about to visit Cnnaila for this pinpii'«i',) and AlrxnndtT M'Kcn/.ic Iloss, Esq., C.K. ; nnd the structure will be of that substantial iharartrr which a work of Mich magnitude require*. For the bridge nil ample nllowaneo of capital is made, nnd the work hni lioon provisionally contrnctcd for with Messrs. Peto, llras.sey. Hells, and .larkson, on the estimate framed by Messrs. Stephenson nnd Iloss. 'I'lie .\ct, aiitlinrising the construction of this bridge by the (irand 'rrunk Kailway t'limpnny, is now in progress through the Canailian I'lnlia- ment, under the sanction of the goveriimrnt The western section of the Ornnil Trunk line extends from Montreal to Toronto, .II") miles, and from thence ti; Sarnin, I7!i miles. Contrncls have been executed, with the approval of the Oovernmcnt and llo.inl of llailn.iy Conimis. sinners in rannila. with the eminent isnglish i intrai ting linn of Messrs. I'eto. Ilrassry, Ib'lts, and .laekMHi, for the construction of the section to Toronto, ai.'i miles; Croiii tiuebic to Trois Tistoles, I'l.') miles, and the (irand .liinrlinn, .">(> mih's ; and with the Canndian cuntrncting firm of Messrs. ('. S. (izowski and t'o., from theme In Sarnia, IT:.' miles. The conditions of these contrncls are for the lonslrmiion of a lirsl-class ningle track railway, with the founiliitions of all the large structures sufficient for a double line, equal in jK'rnianence nnd stability to any railway in I'.ngland, including stations, sidings, work-shops, ample rolling slock, and every requisite rsscntial to its perfect coiiqiletion, lothe satisfaction of the Cunadian (iovernment. Hy means of the arrangements entered into with the corilractors, the proprietors of the (irnnd Trunk line are assured that, for the capital staled, they will secure the delivery of the whole railway, fully eqiiipiud and complete in every rcsp«'ct, and free from any further charges whatever. The western section of the Grand Trunk cotnTneiK IS al Montreal, and pmieeds westward through the towns and villages of I.achine, .St. Clair, St. Anne, \ew l,i,iigiiiel, l.ancaslcr.Charlottenliurgh. Cornwall, Osnaliruck, Willianisliiirgli, Matilda, Kdwarilsburgli, Augusta, Flizabelh Town, Yonne, l.iiiidsilnwne, Leeds, rit.sbnrgh to Kingston, at ill illet of Laki' Ontario, and the principal naval and military station in Canada AVest. Kriini llunie, continuing along the north shore of Lake Ontario, it passes throni,'!! Kriiisl Tuwn, .\:ipiinie, Slianonville, llelliville. Port Tieiit, l(ri;:lilo!i, Colborne, Orafton, Cobiirg, Port Hope, Kond Head, How inanville, Whitby. Pickering, Scarboro' to the city of 'I'orunio, wlii( b city contains ."JfJ.OIMI inhabitants. .\t Toronto il meets the fireat Western Hailway, leading lliron;;h llainilton and the snulhern pari of the Hcslnu IH'Tiinsiila of Canada lo Detroit ; a connexion, of which the value may be judged from the favorable (losition in which the (ireat Western Railway of Canada now stands in London, This line itself forms a conliniialion of llie Trunk line, although under a differetit Company, for 210 Tiiiles, now approaching coiiiplrlion. The Trunk road also here connects with llir NomIk rn Hailrnad lo I., ikes Siiiiior and lliuou. '.lit niili-s, to be tiiiisheil during 1H.>3. lliis sirtion occupies the important posilimi of coiineeting the chief eni|)oria of Kastcrn and Western Canada, the cities cif .Montreal .mil Idronto, luiinbering lot,'ctlicr ne.irlv 100,000 inhaliilaiits, besides passing throii^ii the towns alieaily eiiuincratcil ; audit also pastes, throughout its entire lenglli, through the most iiopiiloiis and cullivalcil district ol llie province. f TliP "rrlinii wr«f of Turonfo In Siiriiiii pa^nri thrntiKh ihn Utwnn iiml villuKci nf Wi'«f«ii, llrntn|)loii, (imrKi'liMvii, Artnn, RookwixHl til Oiii'lpli, lli'riiii, Polprhiir)(, lliim)itiri(h to Ntratfiiril, wlirri' it i< itiliiriciloil by n |irri|ioiit'il liii<> front I iiHlcricli, i'l iiiili'n iiirrlli (fur wliirli £l:j.'i,IMM) Iiiih lirrti nlri'nily rjiianl liy iimiili i|ml '•iilxi ri|itiiiii i, llwiiri' lliriiui(li ur tiiiir Diiwiiii', Fnlliirlxii, llliiiichiinl, I'Khornc, llidilulpli. llo«iiii(|iift, Wnruiik nnil Plyiiitoii, in tlic niitlrl nf ],n\ii< lliirdii anil till' wi'vliTii lAlri'inily uf tlir |iriiviiii')> iit I'ort Hariiiu ; tlir wliiili' I'liiirNi' nf llu' liii« lirin;; llirmiKli tliu niii"n nnil tvi'iillh. It will ihcri fori' Iw ici-n tlmt llir wo'stcrn •cction nf tlic Oniiitl 'rriiiiU liiii', in iti ('oniu'\liiiiit, cniliruc'iit llir Hhnlr of Ciiimilti WiHt, II ili-lriil of ;):.',()(MI,(MHI of iicri'n, with ii impiiliitioii iloiibliii^ iisi'lf ever) Irii )i'iir», uiid «liirli, uilli ii liniiii'il rxirptioti, iiiii^l Iiml in tlir (iriiinl Trunk Itiiiliviiy tlii'ir apci'ilii-nt, intiit iliri'rt, iind i'lii'n|ii'-'rally on the proiipecli of tho railwiiy. Till' route truverieil hy the (Jriinil Triiiik Hnilwny and its tribntiiriei will hi; found wt forth in the mmmpnnyinR mnp. That jiorlioii of the (ireal Went, wiluiite at the wesfern extreme of the hiiiiii of the St. I.nwrrnci', hiis rireiveil ahiruer uliore than any ollirr portion of the inuntry of the vnlinilile luhliliiin to its tirhe>, arisin;; from the industry, intellij^iMico and wenlth of the linmlredit of ihoiiKniiilH who, within a i'om|mriitively brief period, huvo miyrnled to tlii«e region*. Independent nf the Inrnl trallle peeiilinr tu this sei'lioii, both in piiiiM'n|fer« and Koodit, through truffle of moru than ordinnry extent, con»equent on it* KPogrnphieal pofition, nmy safely In' eulrulated upon. Not the least important branch of troffle will ariKe from tho Ocean Steamcru eoininnnicalinj; with Rnghind, making Portland and, hereafter, Halifax, the pott of embarkation, im tho iieurent and mnut acucHiblo on the rontinent of Ameriea. A fiirlhiT and important ronnideratinn in ennnexinii with I'ortlanil, St. .Inhn''*, and Tfiilifax, U, that tlw naviitation beinn never eliwed by ice, |irndui'e may, on the completion of the Grand Trunk Railway, be hipped there when otherwiw* thern would be no ready ineann of forwarding it to Kuro|H'. Thu-i, with the exception nf that portion thrinmh Nova Sciilia to the port of Halifax Caboul 150 niilcf), the entire length of 1,100 iiiile", both by the sonthirn route throu;;li the state of Maine, and by the norlhiTii route by Triiis TistoleK, is for ii great p.irt in roiirse of ronstruclioii, and the remainder w ill sliiirtly be (■ommenccd iimler highly favonrabli' auspicei, the imini'iliati' prnseriilion of that portion through Nova Srntia being now iiinUr the ronsiilir.il ion nf the riovernment of that province, whose future inlerestH are so largely conipromisril in the speedy and perfect eoinpletion of llio project, as to insure iheir best and strenuous etforts for its early acconiplishmrnt. E8TIM.VTES OK UEVEM'K. The revenue from local business lins been denioMstraled by A. ('. Morton, Esq., the distinguished Amoriton en;;iiierr. in an elaborate report addressed to the (ioveriior of the slate of Maine, lo avera-e, on the New England and New York railways, brought within the s]>bere of their artion. three dollars, or H-'s. (id. sterling jier bead of the whole po])nlalioii. To apply this result lo the population of Canada, which is in no resiiect inferior, miylit bo considered as assuming loo mm h, and for local business the iHipnlalion of the distrii Is actually passed through will alone betaken. They anionnl lo 7 10,000, which, at l!.'s. (id. ]ier bead, will aflord £ U)'i,r)0O. Til this esliniali- nothing is |iiit down for the passengers and trallic tlowiiig on the Trunk llaihvay from the nytoun, Peterborough, Ontario, Sinicoe, and Huron, and especially the (ireat Western of Canada railways. These lines together embrace a popiilalioii of ;i(!:l,000. The tlirnimli passeiii,'er business from Europe anil the American .Vtlantic states to the Great West is enormous, the emi'.;ration iVoiii l'.iini|ir alone amounling lo nearly lialf a million of passengers annually. almost all scekinganew home in the fertile regions aioiiml llie (ireat Lakes ; while the business intercourse belwcdi the American population around the Great r.akes ami lliat in the scihoard slates, embracing logether a population of six millions, is already immense, and daily increasing. ,\s the Graml Trunk Uailway will he the only united line on which passengers can pass without intcrriiplio.i or detention, as it is tli isiest and most ilircci, it may safely be assumed that the liallic arising from this source betwcm Montreal ami Saniia will not fall short of .€1™'5.000 per annum. iv I onl FlKinV delate.., .how« the .oun.Ko i„ tl.e .iver St. U.renc«, in 1861. to h.ve been 450,400 ^^-^jj^^^ LorUfcgin aen , independent of the l«rge amounl pHSsinR through other .,„. Kr - Canal U -«-:^, j^^^jj^ ,;'^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ a...on.trate tZ amount of business within th.- grasp of the Grand '^^'^^f^^:'^''XJTV^^>^ -i" ""'i""»"^'J^v be secured by it. especially as th. al>ove channels for b safely U.ken a,-.h... lo» es.in.ate of :500.000 tons. a. .'Os. p.v ..n. yeUhng XJOO.OOO. GKNKUAl, KSriM.VllvS. i.i7 ,u;irs „„ Woslorn S.rli.... .•stiM.al.Hl .t C-.d vcv nnlr imv u.rk . . .-,4.-. mil.s „>. i:as...n. S.cti.m, .stimutc.l at C'l ,..■.■ ,uiU. per N>..k. ...fl -o"- ,urtoa«ith llir N(-v. l!nMi>«i.ixl5.>iuUMlluUlUx Df.hiil \Auikii.- I'.Npi'nsus, 10 jui ti'iit Hi-.ual ut Allauliiam! St. l,a. ivnci' llail«a\ Ni'tl Hcvc'iiui' Sul.j.rl 1.. (I vvv crnt. i.i;.ivsl ou IM.nnlmr \)cU, C t,U.J-..:aHI ■rhu>. sUowin- a profit on tlu- -Aun-r .-al-iial of .C4, 8(14.800, of or nearly 11', per cent. i;884,5!30 r,i):),iio i;i.l7!),()lJ0 .,; l,hG4 CSST.Iill) 00,000 (;8;i7,;!i(i ii-s.ioo i:,J4!>,t)!Hi I) J COPY OF A DESPATCH r.omthe Eiiil of r.i.oiN and Kincaudine to the- Uiglit Honourable Sir John Pakinoton, Bart. Government House, Quclcc, December 92, 1852. (Received January 10, 1853.) Mil, I HAD the houuur, with my Despatch Xo. 82, of the 9th September, to transmit two copies of " Tables of ih.^ Trade and Navi-atiou of the Province of Canada for 1851," and 1 now enclose the IJlue liooh, together with a printed Copy of the " Accounts of the Province," and of a Ucport by the Commissioner of Public Works for the same year. Thi'se doeunients furnish much gratifying evidence of the progress and prosperity of the colony, and justify the antieipatinns on this h.'ad exi.ressed in my Despatch Xo. 'Jt,of the 1st August, 1851, which accompanied the Blue llook (if 1S5(). I.cst :iny niisunderstaudin- should be occasioned by the want of correspondence between the smns stated m this Despatch and the same sums as they appear in the printed returns, it may be well, perhaps, that I should mention that in the former they are given in sterling at the real exchange of £1. 4s. 4(/. to the pound sterling, in the latter, fur the most part in cuvvcncy. 2. The imports, or principal articles of British and Foreign merchandize entered for consimiption in Canada during the year ending the 5th January, 18.52, amounted in value to £4,404,409 Os. 'id., on which £006,114 bs. of duty was collected ; and the good* in warehouse under bond on that day were valued at £233,545 15*., subject to £TC,CG0 2s. 3(/. of duty. Tlie corresponding figures for tlie year preceding were as follows:— Imports Duty collected Goods warehoused . . Duties payable thereon £ s. d. 3,489,406 3 4 506,050 8 6 150,709 18 7 49,871 13 6 Of the imports entered for consumption there were imported from Great Britain :— In 1851, to the value of .'. •• 2,475,643 14 7 In 1850 „ .. .. 1.9"'-M«1 1« 2 From the United States : — In 1851 In 1850 .. 1,718,993 17 2 1,355,108 6 4 On analv/.ing the returns for 1851, it would appear that the imports classed under the heads of " Good.s paying specific a,ul ad "valorem Duties," aiMl- Free Goods," are those which show the most considerable balance in favour oi the I'nited States as against Great Britain; viz: — 1st " Goods paying specitU- and ad valorem dutie.-," imported into Canada during 1S51 :— £ ,s-. d. From (iieat Ihitain to the value of .. 70,957 18 6 From Inited States 407,360 12 10 2ndlv. " Free Cioods" impovied into Canada duii;ig 1851 :— I'nmi Great Britain . . I'rom I'nited States (10,254 3 10 284,389 10 1 ■fhe former class of goods coiuiirises, among olher avtlules, many of foreigu origin, such as tea, sugar, coiiee, v.liie.i „,,■ i).tru,Uie..d tl.io,,;;!. the I'nited S.'a.es hut are nut the produce of the. country ; f ,r it may be proper to mention tl.at .U are classed as imports from the eouutrv where they are purchased, and cunse.piently, when introdueed Irom tlie Ini.ed States, are entered as imports from thai country, nul..ss they pass througli it in bond. The latter mcludes books coin and bMllion, and a eonsid-'rahle .pmnui v of wheat. It is a fact of s„ine interest as bearing on the subject ol reciprocal freedotn of trade between Canada and .lie 1 nited States, that so large a .luantity of wheat should have bee.i imported iron. that country into Canada dining the year 1851. ;!. B,.fc,re I dJMuiss the subject of imiMUts, it may be well that 1 should invite your attention to the evidence which these returns furnish of llie extent to uhieli, hicrrtali. departments, the nianufaeturc of the I'nited States have ootaiiied a footin- in t]ie Cauadi.in maikets. Tlav derive, no doubt, some advantage from contiguity; but 1 am dispose,! to believe,"from all that 1 eaa lean, on tlie s'nbjeet. that ill, ir lUitish rivals would keep their ground agani.t them more eti-.'ctuallv if they e\i:;eed i.pial 'eal in aeipiiiing a Kiio'.vledge of the wants a.id tastes (.f their customers. u During the year 1851, there were imiiorted into Canndit, of cotton manufactures, to the vnluc of:— From Groat Pritniii From I'niteil iStiitc* From Grcnt nritniu . . From till" United States From Great Tlritnin From the United States From Great Hritnin From the I'nited States From Great Uritaiii From the United States Leather. LiSBX. SltK. WoOL. Machixkht. From Great Hritain From the United Staten ItioN AM) Haiipware. Frdm (ireat Hrilain From the United States . . . . C t. d. 609,:.'81 4 7 1J)3,887 U 1 11,140 Vi 4 32,81T 8 84,194 10 7 0,1204 4 5 129,009 9 7 29,202 14 7 486,030 9 S 111,898 \2 4 1,410 2 9 33,103 17 6 260,407 14 5 118,!Kil) 14 9 Nevertheless, the imports from Great Itrifain into Ciiiiada for the year 1851 were vahied, as I have already stated, at £2,47j,i")2. are valued in this return at £2.6<>3,i)S3 \U. 2(/., as aj^iiiisl £2,l."i7,886 1«. d\., exported durinj; the year which ended on the •5th January, IS.jl. Tliesc amounts fall very far short of the computed value of the imports during the corresponding term. Tliis is, however, a constantly riHurring charactciistic of the annual trade returns made u]) in the province, as appears from the following table, wliicli comprises a perio are contincd to .Montreal and Quebec, IM.-. ;j.iu,if,'.-) (i 8 2,()S4.!t.iO (i <) 8 no returns from the inland ports lM(i .i.7 11, ':.!.■; 1.-) t; 1,!M1;),()()4 •1 lia>ing been furnished. 1S47 2,l)(ifi,,>*70 l.> (» 2,2(I;},0.)1 ,{ 1848 2,(;2N,.>i 17 11 2,.i02,N;3() 17 (J IMil 2.ii;'.),i.;(i <; •1 2.1it.J,()78 3 Is.'id .•i.iMi,4<(> 1 2 l-M i.mi.Ri'.i (> 2.(;ii.!,'.»s:! 14 1 C'oii-idcrable sums arc no doulit aimuallv drawn on (ireat Hritain, and expended in this jirovinee, both on aerouiit of the commissariat and of individuals who have iiiconics in linglaiid. It is probable also that a [xirtiou of the prodiuc of the loan- olilaincd in KiiL'laiid for ]inl)lic work- in tlic |iro\iiKr may contribute to swell the amount of the annual iniporl-. It may, niori omi-, very rca-o!ial)l\ In lonjn tared that the lowe-t valuation is placed by ex|iorters upon articles wliicli are dc-tiiiiil, a- is the casi' h iili an anuiially increasing proportion of the exports of Canada, for markets where they are subject to ad valoicin duties. T). Till' articles wliidi tl.;ure iiio-t lari^cly on the li-t of Canadian cxiHirts are: — 1-t. Froduets ()i feet in lorkages. These canals are not all of tlio same dimensions but properly eim*Hlti'ti-i\ trs'-el* roiiveyiiii; 4,000 barrels of flour, or from ^iSO to 400 tons of freij;lit, can jiass tlirou^li lliem. The Eric i'iHi>i\ hi the Htnle of New York, which is the L;real rival water route from the west, is 3(!.'! miles in h-unlli, with (i.SS feet »yf )'*)i«i(f«, ntid is not capable of transport in;; barj;es of more than seveuly-fivo tons burden. Tlio tlhambly Canal is a WfrtU "f eioallrr dinicn^ioTis, connecting; Lake('hamplain with the river IJichelieu which (lows intotlu' !St. Lawrence at Sorel. T)w' tt»lfii '111 tlii< canal increased, as I have shown, rapidly up to tlie commencement of ttii" year 183'^ ; since which period H l(»» differed from the conipctitiou of an adjoining; railway. A strong feeling exists in certain ijuarlers in favoiii- of tlie I iHiiltiieilili "fa ship canal, ou a scale at least eipial to that of the St, Lawrence canals, from some jioint on the soiitliern IwHk'if Mf. Lawfencp (>]iposile Montreal to Lake C'luimphiin; and the project of a similar work on the Sault St. Slavic, to t'nHWit lakes lluron and Sujicrior, is also pressed by many persons. The (lovernment has not, however, vet engaged in t^tiut of these undertakings. J(t. The increase which has taken place within the last few years in the movement of prod\ice on these inland w«<(t» d'lM fiot. however, it may be proiier to remark, appear to have been met by a corresponding iner(;ase in the trallic of (fw '-tiyi'lt'. Die following is a statement of the number and tonnage of vessels from sea which entered inwards and out- »rt»4» lit She pOTls of (Juebee and .Montreal in each of the six years preceding 18 W: 1845 1846 1847 1848 184!) 1850 isol Sliip«. l,«i!ti» i.G'jy 1,444 i,;j.^o 1.338 1,341 1,469 Tunimgc. ()!.>8,;J89 (iJ3,791 542,305 494,247 .50. ',3 13 485,905 573,.397 t'lifitia! the earlier years of this series, while the Canada Com .Act of 1843 was in operation, an impulse was given Vi (li< (fade of (Jnel>ec and Montreal by the preference accorded in the markets of Great Ttritain to produce conveyed by the tmiU' of the St. Lawrence. Since that preference has been withdrawn, the facilities afforded by the Ciovcmment of the VuUiii ? fOTineding the southern bank of the St. Lawrence with different points on the coast, have diverted a portion of ihe ftnde of that river from the Canadian seaports to those of the I'nited States. .\s this is, however, a point of considerable imj'iitlnnev (o the interests of the lower province especially, it may be well to look into it more closely with the view of i(t'|oif(OiJ whether there be anything' in the nature of the route itself, or in the nature of the trade, which |daces the route titlhf ^1. Lawrence at a disadvantage in competing with others for the tniih' of the great west. 11, The inland navigation of the St. Lawrence ro\:te shares with the I'rieC.inal the inconvenience of being dosed i\tlf'Ui!f ii^fiut five months of tlie year, with this aggravation, however, that its seaport is subject to the same drawback. In *ll ofhef f/spects. whi'ther as ri'ganK size ami siiurlness of canals, freedom from transhipment, rapidity of transport, or the MJ'/i'lf) for doing extensive business, it ha- nmpiestionable advantages over its rival, JZ. .Again, maps on Mcrcator's projection, nnd the fact that iiiilifTcn i.t ships, rcekh -sly navigated, have not unfre- H'lfiil^y )trfii employed in the timber trade, have contributed to produce an exaggerated pnp\dar impression with respect to (he h tisjth and the jierils of thi' ocean route tif the St. Lawreiice. It is not sufTiciently known, as regards the formi'r point, llidf (h' sailln:: distance from Liverpo(]| to (Juebee is, ilT the Straits of Helleisle betaken, some 400 miles, and, if the (Mrtithcrri course be ]ircferred, from lOO to 200 miles shorter than that from l.iver])Ool to New York ; and that, as respects ihe I itfif, the orean route of the St. Lawrence is by no nuans peculiarly hazardous to well-found ships, navigateil by iittittt^ who are iburooghly acquainted with it, while it is especially adapted to screw or paddle sleam-shiiis, from the liwiHwUtUii' that a considerable portion of the jiassagc from one continent to the other is in smooth water. These remarks fxjrf'tifi'.; tlie route woidd not be completi' if I were to omit to adil, that the .Acts recently passed by the local legislature (o ( d/' iiriX'' steam communiiation between Liver]ioi)l ami (li.'ebee, and to connect (iuebec and Montreal by railway with »"f({Kfr(« ojKn during the winter, will tend materially to develop*' its capabilities. 1.!. Ill' re arc >'jnie circumstances, however, arising out of the nature of the trade itself, which call for notice in fliis «(a('rn'iit. inasmu'h as the (oiniieteney nf the St. Lawrence route to nuiintain a successful rivalry in the transport of (^'rfcls ai.'l pissi ii;,"!- with (jtliir cnmpitiiig routes from the west is affected by them. Timber, as I have already reinark(d, «(ill foh^titutes till' principal article of exjiort from Canada ; and all t4ie timber destiiu'd for Kuro|)e is shippeil either at ♦J'f'I*' , t'l whi'h p'liiit it is con\eyed in rafts from the upper country, or at points Io«er down the river Now, timber is Mil Ht'u !'■ of great bulk in proportion to value, and this ciriiimstiince has an effect on the shipping trade of the port, wliicK ((,( f'dlowitig return in ly servi- tii ilhi-trate. showint:, as it does, that while all the ships that sailed from (Juebee in 1853 U(t it wifli cargo's, more tiain half on th'jse which entered inwards were in ballast. 9 Statement shoiving the Nnmber and Tonnage of VessoU entered luwaids and Outwards at the Port of Quebec in 1852, Trith Cargoes or in Ballast. With cargoes In Ballast Inwards. Shipi. . . 560 . 671 . Ton«. . 224,526 . 280,499 With cargoes In ballast OVTWAKUS. . . 1,228 . . , None. . . 518,580 None. It is more than probable, therefore, that so long as timber continues to be shipped extensively at Quebec, freights oiitwardH will have a tendency to rule higher at this port than at others, where the trade inwards and outwards is more nearly balHMced in respect of bulk. 14. The same circumstances, however, which contribut;; to raii^c outward freights serve tJ enhance the advantages of the route of the St. Liiwrencu as a channel for traffic inwards. The admirable and capacious system of inland navigation extend- ing from Quebec for upwards of 1 ,500 miles into the interior of the continent, and the certainty of obtaining outward freights, lire calculated to cause a preference to be given to this over rival routes for the transport of heavy goods such as salt and iron, and of immigrants destined for the vast regions bordering on the great lakes. These advantages are not yet g.-nerally known, ncr have they been appreciated as highly as they deserve. The following return gives the number of im'.nigrants who arrived at the ports of Quebec and New York respectively in each of the four last years : Years. Quebec. New York, 1849 38,494 220,603 1850 .. .. 32,293 .. .. 212,796 1851 41,076 289,601 1852 .. .. 39,176 .. . . 234,258 up to the 1st November Although there is no increase in the gross amount of immigration to Quebec during the current year, it is an interest- ing fact that it comprised an unusually large proportion (7,256) of foreign emigrants, who could have been attracted to this port only by the superiority of the route. I am also informed that during the course of the past season many vessels which conveyed emigrants to New York from Europe have come from that port in ballast to the St. Lawrence in search of outward freights. 15. To complete this subject, I append a return showing the number and tonnage of vessels built at Quebec in each of ten years ending with 1852. No. of VessfU. Tons. 1843 48 1.3,7^5 1844 48 15,045 1845 53 26,147 1846 40 19.764 18t7 .. 70 37,17« No. of Vessels. Tons. 1848 41 19,909 11:49 .. 37 .. 24,396 1831 45 30,387 1831 63 41,505 1852 42 27,836 Few ports offer such facilities for ship building as Quebec, all materials employed in the construction of vessels being cheap, labour, during the winter months at least, abundant, and procurable at moderate rates, and outward freight at all times secured. The principal drawback attending the extension of the business is the increased temptation to desert from ships entering the port, occasioned by tin; demand for seamen to man new ships. Desertion prevails at Quebec to an extent that is much complained of The subject is now under the consideration of the Government, with a view to the adoption of some remedial measure. A naval school is also about to be established, in the hope that it may indoctrinate some of the native youth with a taste for seafaring pursuits. 10. llefore I pass on to other topics, it may perhaps be advisable that I should say a few words with respect to the pecuniary responsibilities which the province is assuming in connexion with the great railway enterprises now in progress or prospect within it. At the time wluu the resolution respectjng local works to which I have already referred was adopted by the Govcniment, it was urged with much force and justice, that tlic objections which unquestionably existed to the extension of public aid to undertakings of that class did not apply to works of great magnitude, to which an interest, provincial rather than local, attached, and which were, moreover, in the then circumstances of the province, clearly beyond the reach of private enterprizc. Within this category, lines of railway of considerable length, linking together districts of the province remote from each other, and calculated materially to benefit its general trade, were held to fall. It was accordingly concluded that aid trom the funds or credit of the province might, under proper conditions and restric- tions, be afforded to these undertakings, without any departure from the salutary principle which had been adopted in the rase of local works generally. It was resolved, however, that in adniiuistering such aid, the pecuniary interests of the province should be more carefully protected than they had been in respect of advances previoiisly made for local works. The Provincial Act, 12 Vict. c. 29 (passed in 1840) was framed on the principle that the sums advanced on the credit of the province in furtherance of undertakings of this class should in no case exceed one half of the amount actually expended on the work, and that the whole resources and pro{H!rty of the companies should be pledged for their redemption, w 10 anil for thr pnggmrot of,tntwritt tiftm tliuw. !» all tlM>raUw«)i «iiC«i]iimm lunlatUkan Jtiiioc tkit p^dud, where public nid lias Im'imi );\ III, thiit liriiicipli' hiii Itri'ii niiliitMlinUy l^lpWMklOw. Tliesp c( nipriso: — l»t. The St. LawriMii'c ami Atliiiilii- Railwny, riiniiinK rrom the St. I^wrcncc, opposite Montreal, to tlio frontier line, nhiTc it joiiui nil Aiiu'rit'uii rnilwny, which will vxtrtid, when completed, to I'ortlnnd, in the Statu of Maine; U'ii);th, 1 '.'U iiiIIi'h. !?iid. The Ontario, Simcoe.aiid Huron Railway, ruuniiiK fioni Toronto to Lake Huron ; length, ninety miles. •'iril. (irrat M'<'»ti'rn,frMM>liuiiill(Mi to Wiiidaor ; iitJH niilit. 4ih. (jiichcc and Uii'hmuiul; lHUniilMk rjtli. Main 'rniiik from Toroiilo to Montreal ; 38(( milen. (ith (Jmlirr and Ttoiitl'ifeUiWx^iiiithat'MiM'totka'liMMr L'r««iaaM| 100 iniiat. The construolion ofthrtno last- inrntioiiml liaiw in |itii«i(Urf fdt in Aott 'paMil Jiwift tiw fm§t*t MWaiun oftfai,' provinoiul parliament. 17. Tl'.at the inrrpn»rd farilitien afforded hy thmrnnd other mrsiurca to the internal and extenial trade of the pro riiifle aro nalli'd for hy the growth of' ilMpfpuUliun and renuuiKvi iy ap|Mrent from the returns of the rcnsiis fur tlic yi'ar 1851, which are hnrewith triuiiiuiilletl. TIh'sv retuni»»tat((ll pcrwHiK ocvii|i}' lauds, having underi cultivation 3,(i()7,~24 acres, in certain n;;ri- cultnral iiroihictt', siiuli n< tliix uud Im'ui|i und luaplaauKmr, uawell oa in aomB domestic manufactures, as fuUedcU)t)i ami linen, tlii' iiinrn" from l.imir ( anaila txncd ihoso from I'ppnr (,'aiuida ; but the proditee of wheat anduf agricultural jiriMlnrl> ■.;ri;(rallv is mncii iiiori' coii»i(ierablc in the iipiwr than the lower province. lit. Tlio foil iin|i(irt nf iIicko skitiitical results cannirt*. Jiovever, Ik- apprehoiMlcd unless a comparison be instituted bitwiiMi till in and sinnliir rcHirn- inado up at former |H'ri«dt. Aa the censuses of the province which have been ellirtnl at ditU'rcnt tinus, Iiavc been taki n iinclrt ditiiri nt syKlcnis, and witll varying degrees »»f correctness, it is not possible to draw from siu'li u i-umpuriMin infen^ucck which ran be i'onkiilcred rigpriiualy exact. SuHicient accuracy may, however, be attained for praitic.il i:i;r|m.(s, and ample proof given llint the province is advancing at a rate of progress which is highly satisf'ac'.iiry. 1*.), To begin then ailh the snbiccl of |K>|nilutioD. At iho prriudof the (urrender of the country to (ireat Uritain its population whs cstiiuati^d at from (i(l,(M). The p«i|3,.'i'JH as the actual miiiiher nf the Frcocb Canadian popu'atian of liower Canada, besides :2(>,417 resilient in tin n|>{ii'r pnivincc. I Aliiliiling tlMi" an increase from natural cuuM-s alone of upwanls of 1,(HH) per cent, in ninety years. Itv tlu' siili' of tlii:< population lia" gruvin up another, amounting, in liUI, to 22(),7>i3, composed of immigrants from (ireat Itrit.iin anil otlii r couiurics, and of ( uiiudiunn not of I'ronch ori^n ; making the wliule population of this section of the provjiuc ii'lO.Jtil. •Jii. Till- profrrcsf of I'pp r Can.nla in ri»p«etuf population has been still more remarkable. In the year 17i)l, the dati ii:' t!:i' Coii'-tituliunai Act, It aniuuntiil to .. .. .. .')Oi,U(M) In 1(111 .. .. 77.WH) 1B-H> 151,()!)7 188B" .. '.m,im TIW' 4««»,0fl6 ill. In the absence of svKtemalic locnl RMu-sNinents in I .owrr ( 'anada (iisr tho power of aawssment given to munici- palities by rteent Acts is hut partially i'«crei»rd, and the compuKory assi«KsiiiPii»» for the support of common schools are not yet universally enfiircid). it is ilillidilt to ipbtaiii direct proof of the growth in wealrfi of lb:it section of the ppovince. In I'ppir ('.111,1(1.1 .il^n, tlic ihaii;.'! s nhiili b.m- t.ikc n place froin tiim- to time in the mode of levying assessments anil of valuing assessilile property, render tlie evidence fiiriiislied llierrhy with r('s|HVt to this point loss conelusive than it would otliirwise have been. I'.iiougb, however, may be giitluTi'd from the asstssinent rMn ta warrant the belief that the growth of wealth in I'ppi r ( 'anada. i>f late years, mot; , .cially, has nut litrn loss reniarieabio than that of population. •JJ Till' first Alt for laying and ci.llii-liiijf h«nl assi'ssmmts in Upper Canado was passed in 171)3. It divided the pnpul.iti'in lor inirpone'. of assesninent into eij^lii cI«'m*, un-urdiiig to properly, eKce|itiiig from asscssniunt altogether all whose jiroperty "as wnrtli less than trAi curroiii-y. The highest class iindiT thut Act iiieludud persons with .C4011 currency and upwanls. wliii wen taxed by it at tlio rau- nf tl currency a year. A further Act was passed in the following year, adding two classes tn tin lop nf the scale, and iuclinliiig in nil "iip|K'r list" all |MTsuiu believed to be |>u8seks«d of real or personal property, gmxls. or elleets uIkivc the value of t^tKI cunrncy. 'j:i. On the allegation tliat " the present mode of laying assvanicatN has Ihwi found inconvenient,"" uii Act was passed in IflO.'i ill liniii.' ■■ rateable pro|ivrty," and ulijieiing each duKriptioii ihi-reuf to a fixed und uniform valuation. Under this Act culiiNited laiiil was valued ut i;l currency an acre; uncultivaU'4 at 1». cummcyi A second Act ou thu same subject, which |)asseil in 11107, raised the value of uncultivatud land for imrpo«w of a»s«.»ment to !2«. currency ; and u third, passed in nil'.), riti (1 it at U. currency jicr imtc, Askessmeuts were levied under the voluation fixed by this last-inciitioncd Act until II tlie year llWl ; but in IHH) the Hoard of Repttntion and Statistics report that the belt informatiim iliejr have Iwen able to procure after very extomivc cncjuiry k-ada them to the concliuion that cultivated land in Upper Canada in the rural (li^lrict» iiiiiy be valued on the average at £3 10». 1(M. currency per acre ; uncultivated, at £1 9*. '2(1. currency. I'ositivc iiiftrincea rispecting the relative value of property at diff'ei-ent epochs are not probably dcdueihie from thete data, but they are iir.ircstiiig in many points of view, and especially uy aa showing at how early a period the salutary practice of lortil sclf-ta?.nti(m for local objects obtained a place among the custom* of ITpjwr (Canada. ■Jl. Another view of the assessment rolls throw* further light on the question of the growth of wea'tli in the i( iTimu- iiity. 'I'lie lirst returns of the nssessiblc property of Upper Canada, as taken under the act of 1U19, wliicli i Imvc been ublo to procure, are those of lltJ.'). Its total amount ia cstimutcd in that year at — In 1iU30 In Uiiio In DIM) III 1)145 £. .1. il. at ^,^\^^^fi(i■^) .') at 2,M)7,(i111 \l II at 3,1119,H(i:i It 11 at 4,()0>t,)!M V2 at 0,3!);j,G30 IG Another Act (13 &: 1 1 Vict., cap. (17) woa passed in 11150, requiring the municipal authoiities to assess jiropcrt nt t-i real value, and ren(leriii}( certain descriptions of pctaoual property rateable which were previouxly exempted I'loni assessment. I have obtained statements wliiuh, although nut strictly otlicial, are, I believe, tolerably correct, of the ninounls .il the tw.> vnluxtiKUH (those, namely, for \iio\ and lii52), winch have already taken phice under the Act, and I iind tliciii to be as follows : — Total value of assessible property in Upper Canada in the year*— 1031 1052 In order to arrive at the real value, it is believed that iK) jicr cent, at least ought to be added to these amouutd. £. n. .~, iii^u jd of coiitriluiting to swell the aggregate of population, arc cast as chattels into the seale of assessible property. :jti.ie uci:cr interesting points of comparison between the progress of tlic United States and Canada prescut themselves on a review oi' tliu census returns. Total free, population of the United States — in 1U40 In i860 Increase 3777 pcr cent. Total slave population of the United States — In 1U40 In ItUO Increase 27'in per cent. Total population of Cunaila — In l)t41 .. •• •• . In liiSl Total po])ulation of Upper Canada— In 11141 In 1U51 Wheat crop, Upper Canai'a — In 1U41 In 1»47 In 1851 nearly (piadrupling itself in ten years. Wheat crop, Lower Conadi — In 1843 In 1851 Increase 59'34 per cent. Increase 104i'57 per cent. Bmlioli. 3,^il,991 7,558,773 V2M2,85-2 Minota. 942,839 3,073,8()8 14,5B2,10:J S0,089,y0i) 2,487,3,-)8 3,179,587 1,150,139 l,84-',i'(J5 4C5,357 95;J,004 To each ii.habitant. 6(0 10-45 13-33 Tu each iuhalita-t. 13() 3-46 The niinot is about one-twelfth more than the bushel. Wheat crop, I'liitcd Stalc«— In 11150 \'ii!uc uf impurU ut Uritiiih guodi into Canada— I • • ■ 18 Hritiiili linpurti. In iini .. .. C-2M\(H:i 14«. 7r/. Abiiut .€1 (!*. ptT lii'ud. \a!'. e of iiiports of llritisli goods into the I'nitcd St«te« — In law nriliah iiiipnria, 7.),1.-)i),J«»l' dollarH Aluiut l.'li. per lu'iid, 'I'd (Midi liiliiilMtnnl. l'i>|iiiliiiliin. I'npllhltlnll, j:i,jui,.'<(il Till' Uriti«li impurts into tiic I'liitiil Stati's iiicri'iisid in \H')\ to !l.'(,ill'7illlll! dnlliir", iiwikiii;; /iliimt \(is. piT luiid on the c-liiimted population. •2(\. To ntuni, limuvir. tor a nminont from this digri'ssion to the point more imini'iliali ly in haml, namely, the asuei-s- iblc property of I'pprr Canada (and in doing so I feel liiunid to nay thai I do not think iiiileh reliance xlimild lie placed on cimiparative •.latement ■ such a« tho'-e presented ahove, innsmiieh as the data on which valiiationi anil estimates are made in dilt'erent eoontries are not always iinirorm), it is important to ascertain what amount of inilrlilidncss for municipal purposes ottaches to this propertv. The hest iiiforiiiation which T ain alilc to olitiln on this |i<>jnl leids me to lielievc that it docs not at present : \(ced in nil '.'"J-M ' •"' !->'• W' ^ '■■) strin);ent pnivi-ions fnr the prolectiiii of i nililnrs nf iiinniiipalilics, and for Tegiilntiiij; and restrictinfr the powirs of these bodies in the crcati.jii of delit, were iMiilaiiicd in an Act liJ Viet. cap. Ill ,i, passed in lllli). The .\ct of this session whicli i)nividc> for the cslahlishmiiit of a municipal lo.in fund for I 'pper Caiiadii (10 Met. cap. 'JJ. I has the same ohject in view. It i~ hoped that liy tlicve meatis, while the i reilil of the municipal Imilies in I'ppir C'aiiada is placed on an unc.vceptionalile liasi», and made availalile tiir lejjiiimate purposes, any tendency in particular localities towards incurring imprudent or excessive liabilities may be kept in check. :.'7. \". hile such is the condition of the province in respect of material prosperity, its moral and intclleetiml interests are not neglectrd ; independently of the clergy reserves —of the lithe levied in Lower ( anaila from the lloinan Catholic population for Ilomun Calholie purposes — and of various endowments and special grants for collegiate institutions, normal schools, and other objects of a like character iu both sections of the province, the sum of t'H,- of the community. The following stateimnt is, I believe, tolerably accurate : — Dio ■cses of the Church of Kngland, three; clergy, -J-ii; population, •2('M,!H)i, Dioceses ol tlic ( burch of Uoine, seven; clergy, .'')1..'{ ; population, ill >,,'j(Jl. Clergy of all denominations in Lower Canada, (ill ; population, WM/JI'A. I'pper Canada, (Ml!); popidation !),5^,0<)-t. On this and many other puints much interesting information is given in the excellent lectures on the growth and pros- pects of Canada. Iiy the Itev. Mr. I.illie, a copy of which I had the honour of trnnsinitting to you in my Despatch .No. .'ij, of the l.jth April. 'I'lie foll.iwing is a statement of t!ie apjiropriation of the clergy reserve funds in l(l."»l : — Church of I'.ngland, I'piRT Canada, C10,;{!)+ .'ix. Mi/. Church of Kngland, Lower Canada, JEl,7IMi Uti. Church of Scotland, I'pper Canada, jC.<,(t47 Ui». "JJ. Church of Scotland, Lower (.'anada, .t'llO.'i 7''- '"/• I'nited Synod of the Presbyterian Church, I'jiper Canada, £U>i Mia. \il. Homan Catholic Church. Tpjier Canada, JllL.'Wi!) I7.«. .'W. \Vesleyan Methodist. I'pper Canada, £(i;{|) .'>,v. 20 .\s v.s that I sloiuld in this place call attention to the fact that, although the antnud range of the ihernnimeter is undoubt- edly very cmsiil' rablr in the eastern districts nf the provinc , the gnat lakes, which cover in the aggregate an area of !)l,lt(»0 sipiar< miles, materially teinp' r the i xtremes of heat and cold in the western parts, and increase the buiiiidily of the atmosphere, rend ring tl e climate (-p;cially favorable 'o the cultivation of the cereals. The following in n table nf the mcnn maximum ami mean minimom tttnpcnrtuiv*, with the range of the diflerent monthii ill the year, an observctl at Toronto, in her Majesty's obtcrvatory. The mcon being of eleven yc«r» firom 1840 to 1830, butli incluiivc. Mcnn. Maximum. Minimum. Rang*. •Funiiary 24r.7 45 3.3 4-41 4»7* IVhrimry . . . . . . LHll. 4«-.33 ♦37 807a March :}()a3 5.J.31 7-59 17-96 43-02 April May 4217 7144 33 48 r,\H\i 7fi7« 28-83 4794 •I line .. .. .. 0 DiTi'mluT .. 27111 4.523 332 4(i27 Aiuuinl mean, 44'.'}9. Tlio liiinfite of 'rmiiiito is M^riiitly more tnnperatr timn tlint of otiier places in the same latitude which .ire Hituatcil to theeast or west of thi' gnat iiikrs, nml at a ilistiiiici' wliidi ivmovcs them from tiieir inHucnce. A very usiful p.iiiiplilit lius been piililisiiid on this Milijcct by Mr. Ilciiry Youlc Hiiui, mntlicmatical iimstcr, and lecturer in tlirinistry and iiaturrl pliilo- sopliy at till- provincial normal school, Toronto, iiiulcr the title ■ f" A ('oaiparativc View of the (llimate of Western C'aiKiila, considered in relation to its InlluLiicc up(ni Agriculture." .30. As the I'ost OIRce exercises no moan iiiHiiencf on the social and intellectual interests of a community, 1 will close my report with a few remarks on the condition of that department, which was transfcrretl to the control of the provincial antlioritics in the month of April, Ulol. At the period of the transfer an uniform rate of 3d. currency (about 2^^/.) the half ounce was substituted for the rates, varying according to distance, which were previously levied, and which amounted on the aver.ige to iH currency faliout 7'''-' '''e half ounce on all letters passing thntugh the ullicc. The returns of the department show that in the year ending .5tli April. ltt."2, 2,!).'n,.37.'> miles were travelled by the mail — an increase of 444,3fi() miles over the preceding year, and that "JKl new ])ost odiccs were added to the establishment. The gross postage revenue for the first year of reduced postage was C.5!),004 lis. 107., that of the preceding year having been £77»'*!'7 !*'■<• *'• ^t *^'" *''""'' "*" the expenditure by t'<),;j(i2 0.«. Uif.; but it is estimated that a sum of .C•i,2^^^ V.U. Hd. will cover the dcliciency for the current year. .31. The condition of the Indians of Canada calls for a passing notice in this report. The legislature and govern- ment of the province have always been kindly disposed to them. They have readily, at circumstances required it, passed laws for their protection ; and they have not had recourse to those measures of violence and fraud which liave been adopted else- where in order to force them to recede before the advance of the white man. The Indians of the upper province, however, such of them at least as occupy the settled parts, are in many respects more favorably situated than those of the lower. They have always been held to possess certain tcrrittirial rights, which as population and settlement have progressed have been made the subject of negotiation. In return for their formal cession of lands to the crown, they have received compcnsatio'.i in the sli.apc of annuities, and been permitted to retain (itting tracts for their own occupation, or for sale for their benefit. Tlie Indians of the lower province on the contrary, have no funds Cone or two seignories of little value excepted) save the annual presents which they owe to the bounty of the Hritish {■overnr..ent. .\s a partial remedy for this evil, the provincial parliament in the year 1851 passed an Act (14 and 15 \'ict. cap. lOfi), setting apart for their use sonic considerable tracts of land, and :i sum of £1(21 18*. 4;(/. per annum. In Tpper Canada the Indians inhabiting the settled districts are estimated in round numbers at about 7)5(K) ; those inhabiting the unsettle(),i)0() II :i!).I;.'ll III •) r, (,;uM) y iiMiiy i 2 1I,H7 ^ 1 (i.UJ.J 1!) 5 Inteiist OB pablic Jrhl Sinking Kunl . . . • Kxpcnaei of the IrgiiUturo . . J-'ducatiuB . . . . AKTinilbual wcictiM IIiMpitals Indian aimnilir* .. .. I.i-aving Tor atlniini«trnti?e eg4M>ndilun^ |aqprrly ao eidleii, oompiain); tlio ro.t «( ilio rivil ({oviTnmrnt, niliniiiiir,iii>'ii cif jualiiv, |H-iiiti-nti«ry, niililiK, pi-naiaiu, Md« «aiirty of oUmt miacrlUieimii t-luirgt's, €1 'iJ.OIIi 1-'^. 1««i7».a'/. 3il. Tcrriturial conxitttng of renta arfcnic* and prucmhi of pnhliu liindH and foruKti*, amounting, in lUol, ti' — Cirou revenue .. .. .. XOl.OHH 3 J Net do .. .. l'i.H»ll 10 HI The grcnt diMTirpancy between gtau ami net revenue in lliirt ciur in attrilmtaliU' p.irlly to tlio m'cc'".irily oxpcnuive cliarattcr of the liatn ilBvulving on the Jeparlnirnt, anil punly to the ri'dimptiim of land and militia t^cTip, which i« rcucivixi in pnynuntuf ('ruwn Unda. CiloKlj 1 I'.v. i' /. ut'^icrip was tlins rcdicnii'il ilurln^' tlic courM' of 11151. In order tu aaake tiiia point ck-anv, it may In- proper tn mention, tliat liy a l'rii\ ineia! .\et, psaaed in 1)141 (V it G Viet. cap. UN).), free giant* i>f land in this )>ru\inee (with the cxeeption of grants of fifty aerea to actual .settlcm in the vicinity af public ruada in new nettlcmenli) were put and end to. Persons who ha4l claima to land (auch prmona beiaf( fur the moit part CI', loyalists, militiamen, and military Hettlers, i were iHumd to present them bct'orc the Ink of January lUKJ, and, if tliey emild niiike tiiem (,'i"id, were allowed serip at the rate irf' 4x. per acie fin- aaeh dainia. Thiaicrip U^iug receivable as money in gales of Crown lands, the IH'riinl for making; thciic claima waa extendol by an Act i>a«sed in Mil!) ( I;.' \iet. cb)). .'U. ) ; hut all iksue.s of scrip have now eoascil. Theti»tal amotint of acrip iaauetl under these .\ets is about flilO.OOO, of which upwards of £170,U(N) ba%c been lulocoMxl, being to tJut extent a rnluelicin of the pubhe debt of the province. £ ^. if. 4. Jtrvemie fnnn ligbthoiiaea and toomge duty ,'>. Revenue durei vmI frani a tax ST'. Cv mmsf t '''■'(ii'ffltf, '^* I n' uum ...X-'*'- 1 REFERENCE > 'f/in /I'lii/ri iH^.s //'//■//•>/ /// /y/7//.»' /* s,\r.\ //'//.« /6>///w,Vi-, /// /'/i,/r»/ .'/Vz/^.s (//.>.> 1 A''N/Hi'f '/ /jn/ti/'>/ LENGTHS /;? '/i'/t'ri/i fi' Jti'ii/J-'ii/ .V X' /»w//f/ir ////f/t/f 4 * ,),' /,," /,i/i.\rt/ /(' Or,///// 7r/i//A /)' H /■■•/' , /,>///•/' ■/ ii/iii /i'l/ />//// II J //'/' /lr//i,>i'/iii//^/i /l/iiJiiJi .■>/' 1 <>//•/"/ //• '/'/lis /'r.\//