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 •e-r <^6nc* «pv-,^Y,^ -ip^ 
 
 
September 
 
 '•*'«■ 
 
 i 
 
 To the Secretary of the Gilchrist Eduiational Trust 
 
 Sir, — 
 
 We luiv(! hi'iMi iiiioniitd l»y l*ntf. (ioodwiii of C^iU'en's University, Kingston, 
 tluit the Trustees of tlie (Jilclirist K<lucnti(iiiiil Trust have it in euiiti'inplation to re-estiililish in some 
 form the Schohirship formerly oHere(| liy them t<i ( "iinadiiin students. As old (lilclirist scholars, we take 
 the lilterty of addressing' you on tliis suhjeet. 
 
 The old Scholarsiiip was withdrawn, partially l)ecaus(! tlie profjress of the ('olle^'es of Canaila was 
 supposed to have ren(leie<l it unnecessary, hut eliietly, we have understood, hecause it was supposed to 
 have failed of its purpose. We wish to show reason for lielievinp (c) that the Scholarship was hy no 
 means a failure, (/>) that its influence on the Hi<,'lier Education in Canada was in a hij^di def^ree heneti- 
 cial, and (cj that it is no less needed in Canada now than it was when estalilished. 
 
 («) Tht impression that the Scholarship WHS a failure was due (1) to the small ninnher of can- 
 didates who pit iited themselves at the competitions, and (2j to „he failure of the candidates in some 
 cases to distingui^'i themselves, and in others, even to complete their courses ami take their de{.(rees. 
 
 (1) That the Scholai'ship diil not attract niore CHn<lidates, was due to tht.' fact that the rejju- 
 lations were not suited to the educational needs of C'anada. 'i"he Miitriculation Kxamination of the 
 Universitj' of London was too difficult and too mlM-ellaneous an examination for hoys leaving our Hi^h 
 Schools : conse(]uently, candidates were for the most pai t men who had wholly or in large measure 
 completeil their courses in the Colleges. The Colleges, whose curricula had lieen hased upon the state of 
 education and the educational needs of their respective communities, were naturally unwilling to 
 re-model their curricula so as to make their Junior classes a convenient means of preparing for the Lon- 
 don Matriculation Examination. Intending candiilates, thtreftire, found it ditheult to secui'e assistance 
 in preparing tlu mselves for the Scholarship Examination, and it was conse(|Uently to he expected that 
 for anumher of years, until the advantages offered hy the Scholarship should have heccjme well known, 
 the numher of candidates would lie snwill. 
 
 (2) That the scholars, in some caws, failed to complete their courses, and in others to distinguish 
 themselves, was due also in large measure, in our opinion, to the want of adaptation of the regulations 
 to the educational needs of Canadian students. As mentioned ahove, scholars were in general men who 
 had wholl}' or in large part completed their courts at the Universities, and who were therefore ready 
 and eager to engage in advanced work in special departments. They therefore used the Scholarship 
 as a Fellowslii]), V. c, as a means of pursuing adv^iiiced study, while at the .same time they were required 
 hy the regulations to pursue and to pasa the examinations in the undergraduate courses in Arts or 
 Science. It was, we helieve. the endeavour first ti> comhine the College courses in Canada with prepara- 
 tion fca- the Scholarship Examination, and afterwards to comhine the general and at that time very 
 niiscellai'.eous work of the B. A. and B. Sc. Cou)> 's of the London University, with advanced study of 
 special departments, which led to over-work, loh> of health, and consequent failure to complete courses 
 and achieve distinction. We may mention also that in some cases, scholars did not l)ecome candidates 
 for Honours, hecause Hon<mrs were not provide! for hy the London University in the departments, 
 c. gf , in English, to which they were giving speciiil study. 
 
 I 
 
i 
 
 Tliut H fair jud^Miicrit iimy l)»« foniictl us to wlu'tluT or not sclmlars piirsiifil tlieir utinlies with such 
 success (i,s to justify th(( Triihtt't'H in oHiTiiii,' tlif Scholarslii|t, we hiivr comiiilrtl a stateuM'nt uf their 
 carocrs, which williic f<iun<l in an Appendix. It will Kc seen from this statement that of the nineteen 
 CanadiiMi scholars, fourteen took de;;rees fron; either Fiondon ur Kijinliurj^'h I'niversity, four <ithers 
 passed the Inte' .iie<liate Kxiiniiii ition, thirteen iiitained llononis at Kilinliiirj.di or l.ondon I'niversity, 
 four took tlic London M. A. deyr'-e, and four tnnk Doctor's de^n-ees It will lie seen also that in almost 
 hII cases in which there was no l>rcak-down of In alth, a consideralile innnher of I'ri/.es, Scholarships, etc., 
 were taken liv scholars in the Colleges in which they stmlied. And linally the statement shew> that 
 a very considi riililc n>nnlier have proved \>y tin ir contrilmtions to the Hdxaneenient of science, philo- 
 sophy and literature, the solidity of the foundation which the .Scholarship enaMed them to lay. We 
 feel sure that a perusal (»f the Apjicndix will le.id to Xhe com icticai that, as judged hy the individinii 
 success with which the scholars prosecuted tlnir stu<lies, the Scholarship cannot lie considered to havt; 
 been a failuie, hut was markedly a success. 
 
 (h) That the iiiHiU'iice of the Scholarship nu the Higher ^Mucation in Canada was !peneficial in a 
 hii,di de{,'reo, may lie shown I'y various considerations: 
 
 (1) As shown hy the Appendix, eleven of the nineteen Canadian Scholars, wore on their return 
 appointed to Professorships in Canadian Universities and Collej,'es. Thus a very larj^e direct influence 
 has heen exerted liy the Scholarsiiip on University teacliinj;. 
 
 (2) The appointment of the fJilchrist scholars to Collef,'e I'rofe.s.sorships, which had previously 
 hecn tilled, for the most part, hy men from aliroad, showed Canailian students that the hi^dier 
 teaching positions, even in the luttor class of our Collef^fes, were open to them. The Sclmlarship, hy 
 puttiuf^ such positions within the {^rasp of Canadian students, ^oive a very f,'reat stimulus to the 
 desire for ailvanced study, so ^reat indeed that notwithstandinjj the withdrawal of the scholarship, 
 that desire is stronger and more wide-spread to-ilay, than ever hefore. 
 
 (.'?.) The Scholarship increased the desire for advanced study also indiri'ctly throu(.;h the 
 interest arou.sed hy X\\v competiticai. We have known .several cases in which the scholar was 
 accompanied or followed bj' one or more of his unsuccessful competitors, and in- some cases the.se men 
 have returned to fill important educational positions in Canada. There is no douVit also that numy have 
 been led to pursue their studies in professional subjects, such as medicine, in Great Hritain rather 
 than elsewhere, throu^di the dissemination of information with refi;ard to the British Universities, 
 which i^vas a consecjuence of the establishment of the Scholarship. 
 
 We are convinced that in these and other ways the CJilchrist Scholarship exerci.sed a very 
 wide and a very beneficial influence on the hi{,dier education in Canada. 
 
 (c) While Scholarships to enable Canadiim students to pursue underrjradaate courses abroad 
 are not needed now, Scholarships intended to enable them to pursue courses of advdvccd study abroad 
 are almost as much needed now as they were when the (Jilchri.st Scholarship was established. Our 
 Universities have doubtless improved very j,'reafly in their equipment in the meantime, but, except 
 perhaps in one or two departments in one or two Universities, none are .so well equipped as to render 
 it unnecessary for men who wish to prosecute special .study to {jo abroad. Nor do any of our Univer- 
 sities, so far as we are aware, possess funds enab.inff them to offer Travelling Scholarships or Fellow- 
 ships to provide the means of prosecuting study abroad. A report publisheil by the Koyal Society of 
 Canada, a copy of which we .send her;?with, shew.s the poverty of the Canadian Colleycs in this respect 
 as compared with those of Great Britain and tiie United States. The report was issued in 1885. 
 Since then the Gilchrist Scholarship and the Daliiousie College Tutorships, mentioned therein, have been 
 
 
8 
 
 witlulruwii, tlu! Trinity Colli(m! KtjllowHliipN m' not mov oHi-nstl, uml tin' n-uiuinin^ Ft'llowsliipn 
 HpeciflotI, it will liu noticml, nro not iiviiiliiltltt t'<'r stu<iy iiln-otul. 
 
 During,' n-riMit years our ^nu I nates liavr 'en alile to avail tlHMiisdves of tin- Scliolarsliips ami 
 Fi'llowsliips ofl'tTed by nncli ITriiversities ol" ll, United States as .lolms llopkuis, llarvanl, Coniell, 
 Hryn Mawr, au<l Clark. Kxcellt-nt use has Im-. i, nintle of the ojiportunities for ailvaticeil study thus 
 afforded. The coiiipetiiioii for these Kello\vshi|i>- iias now, however, lieeome so keen that in order to 
 securt! them, previous residenc^e for one or two years at the Universities otleiin^ them, is (iractieally 
 ncce.ssary, and some of our i>est ^'railuates riiuire Ind'ore they can enter upon sueh residence to 
 waste tlioir host years in ac'i|uirin^' the necen-sary moanH. 
 
 ho duniand for opportunities of Ailvaiued Study i^ Iteinj,' partially met at present hy tho 
 Husua.ch Soholarshi|)s which for the last Hvu y< ars have l.een oH'ered to Canadian students, hy ller 
 Majesty's (Jonnnissioners for the Kxhiliition of IS,')|. Two of these are offered aninially, l>ut they 
 are restricttMl to certain departments of science closely related to the development of industrial arts 
 and they therefon; pro.ide no opportunity of study in other departments of learning,'. 
 
 Should the (Jilchrist Trust contcnijjlate the ru-estahlishment of Scholarships in Canada, wu 
 •lesire to point out that there are serious disadvaritajruH in awarding' them iiy means of exandnations. 
 In so far as the Scholarship may he successful as an educational ititluenco, any such exaudnation must 
 fleter.'nine more or less tht; nature of the educational work done in the Collej,'es in wddch camlidates 
 pursue theii' studies. Thus this mo<le of awanl must produce many of the evil elfe^is on teaching which 
 follow from the centralization of the exaiidnin^' function. We should therefore like to recommend to 
 the attention of the Trust the method of award a<lopted hy H. M, Connuissioners of ISol, wdio 
 entrust to selected Universities, providing,' adeipiatu facilities for study, the nomination of camlidates 
 to the Kcholarships otiered, ,'ie nominations lieinj^ subject to the approval of the CommissioiKMs 
 themselves « 
 
 We are firmly convinced of the superiority of this mode of award to the method of exaudnation, 
 and we feel sure that if the Trustees should estahlish Scholarships to l)e awarth d in a similar manncir, 
 and to lie iield on condition of the successful prosecution of advanced study, such scholarships would 
 exert a very large and a very fieneticial influence on the higher eilucation in Canada. 
 
 We are. Sir, 
 
 Your obeiiient servants. 
 
i * 
 
-A-I-^ , -'EITDI^C. 
 
 THH (ilLCIIRIST SC IIOLARS FROM CANADA. 
 
 i( 
 
 TlIK t'ollowiiij( ticCDiint of tilt! (}il(rlirist ^-liolurs from ('niiiulii is iiici)iii|ili!ti', liiit we lit'lit-vc 
 it to In- iiceiinitiv Tlif facts Imvc Ihumi pitlirtsd from the ('iik'iuliirs nf tin- st'vcriil lJiiivt!rMitii'H 
 iiiiMitioii(>il, iiixl from otlwr uutlit'iitic MuirrcH : — 
 
 1868. Htki'Iikn U. Wkkunh; niilivf ol' (Inltirin; '•hkIi'iiI of 'rdiniito Iniv. : tnnlrir. iLnnil.i lions. ||||; 'nil. 
 
 piiHHfil l''ir.st H. A. (liOiid.); Hlinlicd in liiliii, ; rcsiKnol Ncliitiai'Hliip on act'iinnl of ill-iu-iill li anil 
 nliirnoil linnit' : Nul>N<M|ni>nt caroT unknown to us. 
 
 1869. .loiiN L. Mi'Kkn/IK : stiulcnl of Minriii Cull., (jnc; matrir. (Liuiil.) Iltnis. .')tli ; slmliiil at I'liiv. Cdll,, 
 
 I.K>n<l., '(lll-'70 ; rt>.si^iu><l H('li<ilarHlii|i ami wt-nl lo Alifnlccn ; paMsccl l-'irst. H. He. in 'I't; Hi-cdnd 
 M. Hv. (liOiiil.) in '77. 
 
 1870. Kkancih Hkvkhi.ky lloiii;irrso.v ; native of (hitario; sfud'-nl of Dunilas lli^'li Hcliool. Onl. ; niafrir. 
 
 (Lonil.) lions, lltli; .snulinl al I'niv. Coll. Liaul.; I'Mrst I.L. H. (Li-tid.i witli lions, in .lin'iH|;i iidcnce 
 and Koiiian Uiw in '72; Hnhsciincnt l.v slmlii'd law in Ontario; cnti'ii'd into a law part n<'i'slii|i with 
 his father, T, Uoliertson. M. I*., of llaniillon; now of Winnipeg, .Manilolia. 
 
 1871. .Ia.MKh (i. .M.\((iHK(n>H ; native of Nova Hcolia; uradwate of Dalhousie Coll.; niatrii'. (I.ond.) lions. ;i()t,h ; 
 
 studied at lOdin I'niv., wher" he sulVered tiMni ill-iiealth, hut won medal in Molany and was hracketed 
 for.Veil Arnolt Hcholarsliip in I'hysies; '71 tl, studied at I.eipsir ; H. Sc. (I.ond.) in '7.'> ; I). He. (I.ond.) 
 in '711; '77-'71», .Science .Ma^,tel• atCliflon t oil., Kn-.?.; '7S, .Mend>er of IMi.vs, Hoc. I.ond.; 'Wi, K. K. H., 
 Kdin. ; 'HI, F. U.S.. Can.; '711, I'lofes.sor of Physics, DalhouNie College and I'niv., whi'h poNilion he 
 still hohls ; author of " KiiKiiiiilics iniil />//;if(/»(if*<," (pnlilished by .Macinillan ti. Co..) :tnd of .scie'itillc 
 papeis in I'hil. .Maj^., l.on<l., in I'roc. and Trans, of Hoy. Societies of Kdin. and of Can., r.iid m Trans, 
 of .Nova Scotian Instit. of .Science, of 'sliich organization he is Secretary. 
 
 1872. AnhuI'IW l*.\TtM,i.(i ; native of Ohtaiio ; sludi-iii of .St.. Cillieiines Colleiflale Inst., t)nl.: matric. (Loud.); 
 
 studied at Univ. ('oil., I.ond.; within a U'w months his health broke down ; resigned the scliolarship 
 and returiM-d home; at present in \\'ood>i(ick, Ont. 
 
 1873. William .1. Kkahkk ; mitive of Onlaiio; student of St. Catherines Colle«iate Inst.; matric. (I.ond.); 
 
 studied at I'niv. Coll.; Kirst M. A. in '71; on account of illness returned home in '7."); ilied of con- 
 sumption in '7<(. 
 
 1874. Wii.i.i.v.M .1. Ai.KXANi>i:i< ; native of Ontario: student of Hamilton Collegiate Institute; matric (Liaid.) 
 
 lions. .'Ii-d ; studied at I'niv. Coll.; l-'irst I!. .\. with 1st CI. lions, in l-ln^. in ■7."> ; H. .\. with 2nd CI. 
 lions, in Physiol, in '711; '77-'HO, Kirst .\->istant Master in Prince of Wait. Coll.. Prince I'Idward 
 Island; 'm. Scholar, 'H2. Kellov,-. 'Ki, Ph. I), of .Johns Hopkins I'niv., l'. S. A.; 'Kl-'HI, stuilied in 
 (iermany ; 'SI, Prof, of Kng. lat. in Dallmusie L'niv.; '8'), Pi'of. of Kng. Lit. in Toi'onto I'niv., which 
 position he now occupies. Author of " Intrwhictioii /o Uroiniiiiii," ((iinn iV Co., Boston,) of 
 " I'lirticiiiidI I'rri/iliniKVH in Attic (iiTck." puhli' .uhI in Amer. ,lo. of Philol., joint author of h'n{)liMli 
 C'iniijtosilion III/ MihIcIh. 
 
 1876. .1. Gotit.n ScHUiiMAN; native of Prince Kdwird Island; student of .\cadia Coll., .\. S.; matric. (Lond.) 
 Hons. loth ; studied at ITniv. ('oil. where in' (dttained Hume .Scholarship in Pol. Kcon. in '77; '77, H. A. 
 (Lond.) with 1st ('I. Hons. in Alent. and .Mih . Sci. (first place,— maiks (lU.ilifyiuK f"r .Schp.); '7S-'H<), Hilihert 
 Travelling Scholar; '7H-'M), studied in (icniany; '8()-2, Prof, of Philos. .Acadia L'niv., N. S.; '82-«, Prof, 
 of Philo.s. Dalhousie Univ., N. S.; 'H(l, I'rof. of Pliijos. Cornell Cniv.; 'ill, Dean of Sage School of 
 Philosophy, Cornell; now President of < ornell Univ.; LL. I). (Hon.) Columbia Univ., New York; 
 author of " Kaiitidii Ethicn," (William- & Norgate), '• Ethical finjiart (if J>iiririnimn," {WUlinms Hi 
 Norgate), "Belief in OW," (Hcrihners, N. Y.), Editor of PIiHoh. Review, joint editor of .S'c/iooi licvletv. 
 
<4 
 
6 
 
 *> 
 
 1876. Donald (". Rons; nntivc of Priiirc Kdwjiid Ul.iiul ; student of MtCiill Coll.; m.itiii-. (F.ond.); '7(i-'78, stiid'V.l 
 
 at I'niv. Coll. wliiTc lie von thi' Mill Sclicilai ship in Mciit. and Mor. Sci. in '7!»: '77, I''irst \i. A. and F' s> 
 LL. K. with lions- in .lurispi'udt'ncc and It'inan l-aw ; '7i), M. A. witli Ilid CI. lions, in Mcnt. and Mor. 
 Sci.; '80, M. A. (Lond). On his ri'turn !i.' studied law in Ontario, and ohiaincd liij^hesl honours in 
 I'jiper Canada Law .Scluiol. Now a Baiiisler praelising law in Toi'onto. 
 
 1877. \Vii,i,i.\M L. Goodwin; native of New Hi-un^uick ; f^raduatc of Mt. Allison Coll.; inalric. (l,oii<l.) lions. 
 
 'hem., Hope 
 CI. lions, in 
 n '81 ; B. Sc. 
 I'niv. Col 
 iv., Ontario, 
 .\n;ii('ultui'e, 
 . Societies of 
 
 p, CIniU ( '(>., ToroiiUi). 
 
 1878. Sydney W. IItnton; n.itive of Ontario; stmliMit of McGill Coll.: niatric (Lond.) lions, liS( h ; studied at 
 
 Univ. Coll., whei'e he won the Hotlischild Sch]). for Math.; li. A. (Lond.) in 1881 ; First \i. Sc. with 2nd 
 CI. H(»ns. in Math, in '81 ; '81-8, A.ssistant to Prof, of Math. L'niv. Coll., Lond.; '82-:{. Lecturer on Math, 
 in Electrical Kngineering Coll., Lond.; '8!^, I'l-of. ef Math, in University of Mt. Allison, New Brunswick, 
 which position he still holds. 
 
 1879. F. W. Jarvis; native of Ontario ; student of Ollawa Colleg. Instit.; mat I'ic. (Lond.) lions. l,")th; studied in 
 
 Edinhurgh; First B. A. (Lond.) '8() ; died <if congestion of the lungs in Edinburgh in '81. 
 
 1880. Hkrhfjut B. Pickaud ; native of New Brunswick; giaduate of I'niveisity of New Brunswick; niatric. 
 
 (Lond.) Hons. 11th (I-*) ; '80-1, studied at Unix. Coll., Lond.; '81-"), studied at lOdin. Uni\-. where he ohtained 
 nu'dals in Math, and in Phys»; McLjiren .Math. Scholarship in '81 ; B. A. in ■8;^ ; M. A. (Lond.) in 'S."} ; 
 M. A. (Edin.) with 1st CI. Hons. in Matii. and Phys. in '81 ; Prof. -elect of Math, in Univ. of New 
 Brunswick ; died in 1885. 
 
 1881. Howard MUUKAY ; native of Nova Scotia; student of Ualhousie College ; niatric. (Lond.) Hons. 21st; 
 
 '81-5, studied at Univ. Coll., Lond., where he won prizes in .lun. Lat., in (ireek, in Math, in Higher 
 Sen. Lat.; '8.'J-7, studied at Edin. ; InternnMl. B. A. with 8rd CI. Hons. in l.,atin : B. A. (Lond.) hi '81; 
 '87-0, iMuiiro Tutor in Dalhousie Univ.; '8!)-'!ll, Vice-Principal and Classical Master in Halifax Acad., N. S.; 
 '01-4, Principal of Halifax Acad.; 'W, Prof, of ("lassies, Dalhousie University. 
 
 1882. William M. Twkkdik ; native of New Brunswic k ; graduate of Mt. Allison Coll.; niiitric (Lond.) Hons. 2iid ; 
 
 studied at Univ. Coll. Lond , where he won prizes in Lat. and Eiig.; Internied. B. A., with 1st CI. Hons. 
 in Eng. iti'8.'J; B. A. in '81; M. A. (Lond.) in 1887; studied in Geriuany and France for one oi' two 
 years; at present Prof, of Engli.sli Lit. in Univ. of Mt. Allison, N. B.; contriliutor to "Modern 
 Language Notes." 
 
 1883. H. G. Creelman; native of Nova Scotia; griuhiate of Dalhousie College; Matric. (Lond.) Hons. 18th (?); 
 
 studied at Edin. Univ.. where hi' ohtained n^edal in Physics in '8.5, Vans Dunlop Scholarship in Physics 
 in '8(i; B. Sc. (Lrtiid.) with Hvd CI. Hons. in Phj-.s. in '8(i ; B. He. (Edin.) in '85; studied three years at 
 Berlin under Hehuholtz and Kundt until his health liecanie impaired, when he returned home where 
 he it; now recruiting. He is author of iiapers published in Proc. of Hoy. Soc. i-Jdin. 
 
 1884. A. WilmerDukf; native of New Brunswick ; graduate of Univ. of New Brunswick; matric. (Lond.) 
 
 Hons. 1st; studied at Edin. I'niv. where he won Tyiidall Bruce Bursary in '80, Mackay Smith Scholar- 
 ship in Phys. in '87, Vans Dunlop Scholarship in Physics in '8t) ; B. A. (Lond.) in '87 : M. A. (Edin.) with 
 1st CI. Hons. in Math, and Phys. in IK^s ; Q. .Sc. (Edin.) in 'O.S ; studied at Berlin suninier semester; 
 8»-'lX), Interim Pi-of. of Physics in Christian Coll.. Madras; '00-3, Prof, of Physics Univ. of New Bruns- 
 wick; 'Ol-,':?, Orgaiyzei' and Secretary of Univ. Extension in St. John, N, B. ; '03. Prof, of Physics in 
 Purdue Univ., Illinois, U. S. A., which position he now holds. Author of " /'hi/sinil Laboraton/ 
 Notes," (published Purdue Univ.), and ol article " Elect ric it y," in ".System of Electi'o-Therapeutics," 
 (Davis & Co., Philadelphia). 
 
 1885 and 1886. Scholarship uot offered fi>r competition. 
 
6 
 
 1887. Wai.tkh C. Murray; native of New Brunswi. k : Kiiuliiate of New Binnswick Univ.; iimtfif. (Lond.) Hotis. 
 :<i(l; W-ltl, st\iili("(l at Kdin. Univ., wlinr he won medals in Physics in 'SH. in I.oKif and in Mor. 
 Phiios. in '8», and in Adv. Metaphysi, - in '91, (Jray Prize in 'IMI, and Newton Bursary ; stndied 
 in (Jeiinany sununer seine.st^T of '»! ; Ih- r. Arts (Lond.) in '«» ; M. A. (Kdin.) wiMi 1st ('l. lions, in 
 Philos. in '1)1 ; 01-2, Prof, of Philos and Ik-on. in Uinv. of New Brunswick ; '1*2, Prof of Philos. in 
 Dalhousie Univ., N. S., which position In now holds. 
 
 In 1885, RoMERT A. Falconer, a Nova Scotian hy l.irth, but for several years a resident of Trinidad, West 
 Indies, obtained the West Indian Gilchiist Hchp., standing 1st in niatric. Hons. (Lond.); studied 
 at Kdin Univ., where he won the Uou.sin Prize; studied in (ierinany three semesters; B. A. (Lond.) 
 with 2nd V\. Hons. in Classics, and 3rd (1. Hons, in Mental and Moral .Science in '88; M. A. (Kdin.) 
 with 2nd C\. Hons. in Classics in '89; li. D. (Edin.) in 'H2 ; 1)2-5, Lecturei' on N. T. Kxe^etics in 
 Presbyterian College, Halifax; '95, Professoi' of New Test, «r<-ek and Kxegetics in the same ("olleace.