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How con- cise, how precise, how simple, how scientific the deliiication in the U'Xi touching the oii.uin of the negro race, and the introduction and reason for JBlavtM-y. liible-lik*', great scientitic f icts, stated in the few modest words *of Hili'.e language. We may say, and only say of it in the woild, !♦' Multum in parvo." You cannot say it of nnyt.liing that any man ever (■wrote, but you can say it of every sentence uttered in the Mible. You may i travel far and read much, to b3 posted on the negro question, before you can get a better and clearer idea on this subject than is given in the words of the text. The Jews of old were wont to say in questions of dispute, "To the law " and " to the testimony," to test and to tiy que«tion8 of dispute. So we say the Bible is more comprehensive ard cosmog.iiphic than most people think; uniformity, of course, cannot aUv ays be found; ic may not always be necessary to be fouml, when vni go to uiteipret this word. There are, however, some beautiful and noble exceptions to those great truths that make fo:- our peace. It is generally admitted, or supposed to be correct, for persons of wealth and of fortune, that they shall bedeck themselves with jowels and with tine garments ; because they are rich they become, aa a rule, showy ; such we kn- ' is often tlie case. There aie, however, some beautiful and noble exceptions of nien who are rich and powerful, but at the same time simple an I mo lest. Those men, writ ug on subjects like the one contained in the text, as a rule are ju'audy ; they are extravagant ; they are evceedingly speculative, tautological. But the sacred "writers are simple ; they are chaste ; they are expressive; and because they are so, many suppose that the truths taught are equally simple and of little value. I believe that theologians are to bltme in this matter. They have not been as judiciona or as cultured and liberal in these things as they (.u^ht to have been ; their bigotry and narrowness have interfered very largely to diminish the gra.ideur and the scope of Scripture subjects. And numy persons to-night will think that this subject is beyond the range of thco- ' < fv V ^ logical diflcussion from a pulpit ; whereaa it hiw been one of thr Rrerxtest queHtionp to Kettle. And it is only half settled ; yet, that has occuned in the life of HU) one uimh in this chiirh, and hua coHt morw lives, iind has cost more liloiMlsI.ed, than any qu*^8tion you can possibly tliiuk of in the world ; viz., the war in the Uuiteil iSt>ites. Naturally ooniewhat piejudiwd, and anxious to be looked upon as discoverers, scientific men have advanced their theories, agreeable to their pride and agreeable to their fancies, tn account for tho Hible facts ; and yet if you conje to rejul tlie Bible, you will find tliat it stands just over aj^ainst any new scientific revelation. In the sermon that I gav.j you on the pre- Adamite man, you have a fine illustration there. Now, science has revealed to us, in the traces and in the different developments of fossils or remains tliat have been found, that man, independent of the Adamite man, nmst have existed ; and therefore, because they "lave never read the Bible cor- rectly, they said the Bible says that only Adamite kind of men htve lived ; whereas tlu) Hible taught that man lived long before Adam, of another race and of aiiother kind. *« For whosoever shall call upon the name of tho Lord," it is said in the Scripture, " shall be saved." Appropriately on this point, you may ask what the Bible has to say on this negro question. We see what it says in the text, and we know tl'.e remarkable saying of Paul when talking to the Athenians : " Out of one flesh, one blood, hath God made all nations of men to viwell upon the face of the earth ;" that is, all nations of men that were living at Paul's time. Some interpret this passage to n.ean that the several races of men— red, black, and white — were only identical in blood likeness, and not identi-jal in place of origin. But such an interpre- tation cuts the passa.,'e loose fiom itj moorings, and swings wide from the very aiui which P.iul has signifiel The very idea Paul is endeavoring to instil in the Athenians is that he, as well as they and all other people, had a right to claiiu the one true God as their God, for out of Him, or from Him, we were all made ; that they were the clilldi-en of the sime Father, of equal precioxisness inH's sight. The passage, I believe, very methodic-- ally teaches the unity of the human race; the whole tenor of the gospe proceeds upon that principle. Whyn ho ciies, "For whoso.wer shall call U|.oa the naiurt of the L )r I," it is not wiiosoever of fchu white race shall seek God ; it is not whosoever of the black race, or whosoever of »e red raoo ; but black or white, bond or free, rich or poor, learned or unlearned. We ere taught that God is the Saviour of all men. In the commig- h» 6 sion to preach the goHpcl, the same idpa, I think, is embo'lied t " Oo ye unto all the world ;" He dooH not any, " Go anywhere but Africa." And He Hnys, " Preach the gospol unto every nreature." Ho does not say, " Don't preach the gospel to the Indians and the Africuns." The commission is to all the world and to ever, creature. There is no 'Imitation in time or territory, or in race ; it is all the world, and every creature, to the end of time. Now, it seems to me that if the negro race had not been human — had not been of like origin and of equiil privileges in the sight of God with us — that there would have been some exception m.ide in this great commission. Look, for instance, at tlie ncphilim and the rephilim, which God ordered the Adamite race to destroy and not leave one of them on the face of the earth ; and Ho did destroy all the nophilim at the cimo of the Flood ; and then came into existence the rephilim, and yet God ordered the Adamite race to destroy them and not h'ave one of them ; but no'-he.e do we find exhortation given or privilege allotted to nn co destroy any of the races that are now in existence. I tht-refore believe that the Scripture teaches the unity of the human race, and history is very faithful to this point. Who are these Christian fathers you read about so frequently, whose doctrines you are so glad to read 1 One of them is a n»gro ! And who are you that pride yourself on apostolic descent 1 Do you know that Niger, one of the Bishops of Antioch, recorded in the Acts of the Apostlea, was the man who put his black hands on the top of Paul's head and ordained himi And ministers who are so proud of their apostolic succession get their order of apostolic descent down from the ne;,'ro race. Is there any ground for disputing this 1 I say that every man who is ordained through Paul is ordained through a negro, for Niger was a negro. Then if you come to the fathers of learning, you have Euclid; he was a colored person, and yet you love to study his problems. If you come into history, you have the great Carthai^inian general, Hannibal ; he was a colored person ; so that there is nothing in history to deny their equality in any sense. You know how the negro became bhick. In trying to account for the diversity of man, men, as usuid, have gone to extremes. On the theological line the idea is that blackness was the curse of Cain for the sin of murdering his brother, Abel ; for this sin he was marked in this manner ; and from this many trace the beginning of the colored race. I suppose one half of the ancient fathers themselves attributed the color of the uegro race to the curse of Cain. It is curious to read some of their BpflouIatinriH with relation to thid point. Some thought it wm a trnd countti- liHnce, th« njHrk thnt wn« set upon Cftin ; sonje thoujjht that it wa^ blood npnts which he coul 1 not wipe out ; some thoiv^ht that it waa a Urge horn growing out of hi8 forehead ; some thought it was Abel's dog following him wherever hd went ; some thougut it was the circle of the rising sun on hin head ; some thotight it was the letter " Tuu " on the forehead, which iH the first letter beginning the Greek word which meana repentance ; some thought that it meant that he was indcHtructible, bo that sworil could not pierce him, nor fire burn him, nor water drown him. After the murder of Abel we find Cain exprcsMing his fears io God. He was afraid to go away ; and why 1 He says, " for every one that findeth «!"6 -lil slay me." Now, ycuj have got nobody to slay him in your theory. ' -'.L tht' vnomont you take in the Scripture nti|)hilim, however, you know 0:&t \e naturdly v.'o dd be nfmid of them, and lie went away to the land of "b^od; bn» prior to his leuvit.g what is called the |)resence of God, God gave him hertssirarce tha* ho would not be harmed, and He gave him the sign d the l^id gave a sign to Cain that no one should kill him ;" thp' is che proper rendering; and so since the Lord assured Cain tl.at no one should kill him, off he started, and nobcdy did kill him. Then you have the sign in the rainbow. The Lord made the rainbow a sign ; not that he set it upon Noah, but he established it, that it should be a sign that no more should the world be drowned by water. So He gave a ign unto Cain that no one should destroy him j it does not say that He made him black or white. But what reply does science give to a question like this 1 I say that scientific answers are very generally that the negio race is a distinct people, or authr-chthonal ; that is, coming out of the soil ; just as some would argue that the Indians are authochthonal, not aboriginjl ; that means, as you know, people you find there. The only word you can use to give the r/ieaning is authochthonal. The Indians are the people you find in the place when you come there, and you call them aborigines, or first inhabitants. Reduced to scientific languase, as sjieace intends it should be, and to have a common-sense meaning, they generally believe that the negro race is a link in the chain of development lower down, preceding the Malayan, the copper-colored race, just as the Indian precedes the white man. Fiist, the Mal!iyan,then the negro, then the gorilla, then the orang-outang, and then comes somebody else till you come to the end. This kind of an answer is on the same plan as the following. Supposing A blnck (1) mnn nhould vinit me ami want to know aoniAthinp; nhnut .hn IMMi; I ttikn him 'luwn to N«w Vork ; he sees one of the liir;^fl Hteiimera M it is just iiunt will not throw off t!ie scow without the planner, and we should not forget that there is uniformity and unity of principle ; yet they are different in time and place, independent creations. There ia uniformity in all things, and principle, and much that its analogous ; still that does not do away ♦• « « « * » • ♦ » • * * ♦• « t * * * » « with the designer. Thn hi^nt itnnwnr will hn thit wliich ia a^ once ngreetitilo wiUiRcit'ncti, Hnd ChriMiinnity, und ooinmon mmiie. Htichan (iimwcr, [ linliove, U poaxihln ; but tlinn wo must begin right, and in ordi^r to do so, lot mo hnIc you whiit color wM thH tint pernonl Wiw he blick ? No, nir. Wuh he whit<«1 Nu, nir. liegginif your pun Ion, what color wun Iim ? What color *VH8 tho fliHt churioti Hod, Hi r. You will kfop in mind — I Hpt'uk unto tlio wine — in the Aduu)it« rafe tlipy woro voul of dreiw ; nnd hh u hnilthy person t<} d>iy would he red, boautifully rod, an the fuce ex|KHied to nil the seHRon, HO the wIioIm body would hiivo boen Im outiluUy r»'d. White nud black aro the extt-erneH of reil, and the a' cidents of climate ; white iit the ahnenco of the Hun ; black in the intensity of it ; '* becausie the Hun hiilh looked upon me." And now .1 say a Rcientifio man begins wrong, liecauno he docH not begin with the icutrul color ; it in rwd. And suppose you go further thtin that. What was our tirat parnnt called 1 Adttm. What is the moaning of the word 1 I vow, nnd no man will dispute it, r«d. Well now, what are you going to dol You want to mnke out that the Lord call«d a white mm led. You had better just take it as it is, my friend, and get ovt^r the diflBcuIty Rft»!r. Names originally were siguiticant and expressive, and if tlte Lord called him red, he was red, and you must find out how ho got bleached afterwards ; that is the idea of it. Any man oan see that tho accidents on a central color like red would be bl ick and white. Ilod is the strong color ; it is tho color indicative of honor The nacred writer Paul says in his writings that we were made Irom one man, out of one man ; we were all of one blood or color once; that is the mcanin.' of it. However dill'ercnt in color the different nations of men may now be, we wcro origin- ally of one color. Black and whit.j I believe, tln'rofore, to lie cMumtic sequences. And how am I to get it? I can get it to-day if I want it. If you will please tc move south to some of the hotter climatca, u ' livo there for live hundred years, you will not be as white and delicate as you now are. So it is easily to be discerned that climate must come in as having an influ-juce. But climate will not make a white man into a bl.ick man — no «climate will do that ; but if you can get the red mm, and you send the red man south, the increased heat will intensify the red ; for black is noth- ing but iatensiKed red through heat. The sun hath lo )ke*l upon him, and he becomes black. If you send that same red man north, it will bleai.h him to a whiteness. If you take a yard of unbleached calico, and throw j^Ssi£^^KS^^BL 10 •Jl^hHlf of ,t ftwjr up ir. th« north of OrwrnUnd. .n-l th« ofhor half of it Mmt in th6 north will turn m white •» gnow. And w mt it uiii calico it will .,0 in fl.h If you want to .^ it in n irZe '" t:,? or .n.t«„..«. th« hutten.up ; 7(,0 uulo, norch it i, whit«. «r. Iwl . n yout; >t. J. ou w„nt to Ko to the ar.iuml. take the bo.r ; ho i. white in Z ::».;•:: cJ't '\"" """" "•*"" '^ ^•"""^^" ^"«'-- ^'' ^- - f.u.t M ";'n '• ^*"' '^"''''"" "^ ^'''"' ^'""' ''''f'""^''- ^"" 'i'"' •»"• Hi".pl« nortllTl"'^""' "'''""*'"''' ""'^''" ''•"•Pl« fict that ALlwont cirnaH "''"'" V ""' "'*''"*" ^^''^f""'''" i^ actually ucjr.mhl., to what the •re tho h.o., m,pr,nfH of nature. All other colon, are the moderation of r::'T, ''^^^'r^^'y ^'"^'-' - «^-^'"^ t.. ..th .-.u ut:, fo' antw wo, 1,1. .voul.l take th. H<,e.I adapted to tho partn of the oa-th. You n ght as wdl .ay that Ho had on-v put in the ark one kiu.l of scd tnat would he natur il t . one clime. Tho'o are floral circlen, and circles wnere certun, Heodn au.l fhwen. will «row ; if you take the.n out«ide of that you cannot «row them. There are circles for animals, where you have c-er- iZ !' 'v "'"ir'" ''''"* '" " '"''"•" '-•'"='« ' '^ >"'" *'"'*"^I"^^t them over tnat, t..ey d... He hP.s fixed the bo.md. of the ha'.itation of man Three >mc8 ,n the Scripture He distinctly declarcH that He h.is fixed the hounds before appointed, the boun.l. of their 'mlutatiou; hence ther. waa a plac* bef^^rethe Hood where the bUck and white n.an could live tho Lt • and they are placed in this world to-day where each and all of them would flourish be.t and do best, because you have fhe.e sinn.lo circles laker a«r.eed for the human family, you have Japheth, Shem. and Ham' and Noah cdled th. father, though not really the father of .dl <,f them' bhem u l.,,s only crue son. and is the heir of Noah. How is it the el.lest son ,., despiaed? he would naturally have a ri^l.t to be an heir ; whv would he not. Chnst comes on a true line; not on an illegitimate line ; he takes the best stock seed, an.l he comes down through Abraham. When you hear en., ,t me,.n. red ; Edom, red. It always means red. whether at the be- gmning middle, or end of a word. So you see where Christ com.s. Now why did not he come from the eldest son, Japheth ? because he was not thj » 4 I * 1 • » 4 u dlwction.lli'' pure blood of thut Hn#», ftnd thcrufor* Iif« iiidMipiiixI or iwt aiidit. Wfmt IN tho m« •nliiK of Jrt|iliiitli 1 while. What U thn menning of Shotn 1 reil. Wliul h tho ra^Aiiinir of Huml binok Wh*t m tho mo of oMiliug theiio thnsi) |K»r onH thoM throo colorwl naroM. wh»m ymi wy lh«y are nil white You huv« got qtM'er iii red, if thoy lournod to know hin nuino ; nnd ho you hrivo tho ren, bluck, an*! whit<* in tho hmniin race ; anil if yon a>tk mo why iliey are there, I attribole it to clinmtic inn w before tho Flood, whon it woa mom improMHive than now ; no thrt :lio clin.tto would 1,h able to n»a!:a m man tho color it ivanu^d for that part of tho country. If you will «ivo mo a rich jv i New £na[lander of about 2^0 ypari, I will tell you he in not white ; ho will bo aB yellov/ hh tho oh, 'ea they udo.l to uho, and tho skin will be lu tiji^ht on him as tho hV ■ ., a druniM head. Yea it will, and ho nill be .nallow ; we lose tliat, matter between the two akins; and it i» a preat question botwoon scientific men that, when eniif^nition blood will cease to fl>w iik here, wo will hwve the type of the ^'ew Kn^dandor, bocauHe he is tho type of this country. It nina in tho Inilian ; thufc is »he color of thia continent ; and if you wi'l find mo p. j.uro Nt w Knyliind family, or any family who have lived her without mixture of blood, I will toll you what tlioy look like. 8o you see the effect of climate would bo more im|>re8Hive then t!ian it could be now. Now, when tliey ca»no out of tho ark, they intended to live togeth»»r, and the Ix>rd told them to multiply and scatter over the earth. They said : "Gu to, lot us build a city that ahall roach unto the heavens, in which we can dwell, lest we be scatt^'ed abroad " The first tiiinj,' thoy say is, " Let us keep to;a^other." That is the sin of Babf 1 ; and in order to make them stpaiate He confused their language ; and when they could not understand ouch other, they Juight as well live alano ; so tliey started off. H(j confused tiieir tongue, and scattered them abroad upon the face of the earth. They were not to liveioj^eiher. There were climate" that were suitable to each of them. They might as well take the flower seeds here, and say, ** We will grow them all here." You could not grow them all liej-e to advantage, this is not the circle. Tliei is a place for this red bi-other ; there is a place for this white brother ; and they 12 will flourish and do better there. All the world was made to be inhabited ; and BO that was tlieir sin. Why did the Lord act thus when the world was drowned 1 Because they would have died otF if he had not, and the aauje procei>s would have taken • lace at Hnhel. If you take black and white, you cannot have chillren to the fourth generation ; He has put a bar there which no man can get over. If you went down south, gome time ago, you would see in the market a very beautiful creature which you could have bought at a nominal sum ; and why 1 Because tht*y are at the end ; there can be no more development there. And when the cliildren of Israel were on the border of these colored people, they inter- married, did some of them ; and God says, " I will visit tlie sins of the fathers upon the children's children to the third and fourth generation." In South Carolina there never appeared a man of that degree to ask a vote. You talk of science ; you want to see the evidence of a God ; there is one. These people would have died off if allowed to remain at Babel, so God sent them abroad to fill the earth. Scientists have found some monuments in Egypt, and they say they are Sj.'iOO years old. They say on these mjmuments they have the white and the black. Strange to say, the blacks are the master, Knd the whites are in chains. Some have said that this upsets the Bible theory ; at any rate, that changed Professor Agassiz' theory on this question. For my part, I believe it thoroughly confirms the Bible theory ; the Jews of Nubia are black, as well as those of China. Give mo me a family that moved to Michigan 100 years ago; no matter what they were when they went there, now they are thin, lean, and knuckle- jointed. The ague would shake any man out of symmetry.. When you go into a new country, does it make any difference with your hands or feetl These negroes who were brought from Africa were brought from marshy lands, where you could not get well-formed people, and the people had been distorted by the very methods they hud Hved by; and you and I would have been no better if we had lived there for hundreds of yearn as they did. The climate there was not salubrious. Of course, those from the highlands are well-ibrmed and beautiful. Dr. Livingstone says they are equal to hia own n ^tive Highlanders. It is the efi'uct of climate and usage. These ne- groes naturally were despised by their brethren. And what a strange idea this idea of color is — that it shouhl enter so stiangely into science, religion And politics. And I am under the impression, my friends, that it has been 13 a providentiHl thing for the colored vace to be brouj^ht to this continent. Affioa is a vast continent opening u|» for England's trade ; and in our avarice we brou'^ht t'le colored people to this continent. They have Xwtea better here upon the whole than if left in their own country; but thnt is not to our credit. Africa awaits their return ; that is their home ; and the business of En;{liind and the United States is to facilitate their removal. That vast continent is to set the mills going in the United States, Enylnnd and elsewhere, and it will keep them going for one hundred and fifty years, and you and I can change the National Policy by that time. Every person that has gone from Africa to the United States has cost them two thousand dollars, and they have got to pay interest on that. This country has been more generous with the Indians than they. They have spent four liunditd and eighty millions on thu Indian the past forty years, and they have mutilated and badly used him after all. The United States will have to pay for everything thoy have stolen from the poor Indian, und we too. And serve us right. God does not forget ; He keeps a strict account; and you cannot run away from Him, if you can from Montreal. We see how these things naturally go. I believe God intended Africa for the colored race, and he will turn to good acronnt their jjast slavery, and bring good even to our colored friends outcf it. Euianci[)ation was a grand thing, and just a forerunner of tliat grand emancipation which is to come. Benjamin D'Israeli, in "Tancreil," makes Consul Pasquilago to say, ' The English nnist have markets; there will be a g^'eat opening here." Forty years ago D' Israeli wrote that; he foresaw that that would be the next opening. Africa ia the country, and God's nserve ; and He will bring the people that have been oppressed, and he will repay the poor working-men of Engl md every cent they have paid for freeing them, for the working-men had to work and pay taxes for fi eeing these people, God will give them every cent back when that country is opened up. Now, my friends, I believe that the colored race, as the text states, is the effect of climatic influence on the human race; and I believe that, just as the Indian is the efi'ect of clintatic influence, and the colored pei-son is the effect of intense heat on a red person, white peisons are those who go into northern regions and get the bleaching clinmtes. This is how we come from one father and one mother. May we treat one another as brothers, knowing that we have a common destiny and tLe same great Saviour. God bless us all. Amen.