IMAGE EVALUATION 
 TEST TARGET (MT-3) 
 
 1.0 
 
 I.I 
 
 1,25 
 
 It m 
 
 1.4 
 
 M 
 
 II 2.2 
 1 2.0 
 
 1.6 
 
 6" 
 
 ^. 
 
 Vi 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 A 
 
 
 
 "-» 
 
 >^ 
 
 Photographic 
 
 Sciences 
 Corporation 
 
 23 WEST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBSTER, NY. 143^0 
 
 (716) 873-4503 
 
CIHM/ICMH 
 
 Microfiche 
 
 Series. 
 
 CIHM/ICMK 
 Collection de 
 microfiches. 
 
 Canadian institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut canadien de microreproductions histoiiques 
 
Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes techniques et bibliographiques 
 
 The Institute has attempted to obtain the best 
 original copy available for filming. Features of this 
 copy which may be bibiiographically unique, 
 which may alter any of the images in the 
 reproduction, or which may significantly change 
 the usual method of filming, are checked below. 
 
 D 
 D 
 D 
 D 
 
 Coloured covers/ 
 Couverture de couieur 
 
 Covers damaged/ 
 Couverture endcmmag6e 
 
 Covers restored and/or laminated/ 
 Couverture restaur6e et/ou pellicul6e 
 
 Cover title missing/ 
 
 Le titrc de couverture manque 
 
 I I Coloured maps/ 
 
 y 
 
 D 
 D 
 
 D 
 
 n 
 
 Cartes giographiques en couieur 
 
 Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black)/ 
 Encre de couieur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) 
 
 □ Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ 
 Planches et/ou illustrations en couieur 
 
 Bound with other material/ 
 Reli6 avec d'autres documents 
 
 Tight binding may cause shadow? or distortion 
 along interior margin/ 
 
 La reliure serrde peut causer de I'ombre ou de la 
 distortion le long de la marge int^rieure 
 
 Blank leaves added during restoration may 
 appear within tlie text. Whenever possible, these 
 have been omitted from filming/ 
 II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajout^es 
 Icrs d'une restauiation apparaissent dans le texte, 
 mais, lorsque cela 6tait possible, ces pages n'ont 
 P83 dt6 film6es. 
 
 Additional comments:/ 
 Commentaires suppi^mentaires: 
 
 The 
 tot 
 
 L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exempiaire 
 qu'ii lui a 6t6 possible de se procurer. Les details 
 de cet exempiaire qui sont peut-dtre uniques du 
 point de vue bibliogiaphique, qui peuvent modifier 
 une image reproduits, ou qui peuvent exiger une 
 modification dans la methods normale de filmage 
 sont indiqu6s ci-dessous. 
 
 I I Coloured pages/ 
 
 y 
 
 n 
 
 Pages de couieur 
 
 Pages damaged/ 
 Pages eiidonimag6es 
 
 Pages restored and/oi 
 
 Pages restaurdes et/ou pelliculdes 
 
 I — I Pages damaged/ 
 
 r~7| Pages restored and/or laminated/ 
 
 The 
 pos 
 oft 
 film 
 
 Orii 
 beg 
 the 
 sioi 
 oth 
 firsi 
 slor 
 or i 
 
 Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ 
 Pages ddcolordes, tachetdes ou piqudes 
 
 □ Pages detached/ 
 Pages d6tach6es 
 
 I 1 Showthrough/ 
 I I Transparence 
 
 Transparence 
 
 Quality of prir 
 
 Quality in^gaie de I'impression 
 
 includes supplementary materit 
 Comprend du material supplementaire 
 
 Only edition available/ 
 Seule Edition disponible 
 
 I I Quality of print varies/ 
 
 I I includes supplementary material/ 
 
 I — I Only edition available/ 
 
 The 
 she 
 TIN 
 whi 
 
 Mai 
 diff 
 dnti 
 beg 
 righ 
 reqi 
 met 
 
 Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata 
 slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to 
 ensure the best possible image/ 
 Les pages totalement ou partiellement 
 obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une pelure, 
 etc., ont 6t6 film^es i nouveau de faqon d 
 obtenir la meilleure image possible. 
 
 This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ 
 
 Ce document est filmi au taux de reduction indiqu6 ci-dessuus. 
 
 10X 14X 18X 22X 
 
 26X 
 
 30X 
 
 y 
 
 12X 
 
 16X 
 
 20X 
 
 24X 
 
 28X 
 
 32X 
 
The copy filmed here hes been reproduced thenks 
 to the generosity of: 
 
 Library of the Public 
 Archives of Canada 
 
 L'exemplaire filmi fut reproduit grAce A la 
 g6n6roslt4 de: 
 
 La bibliothdque des Archives 
 publiques du Canada 
 
 The images appearing here are the best quality 
 possible considering the condition and legibility 
 of the original copy and in keeping with the 
 filming contract specifications. 
 
 Les images suivantes ont 6X6 reproduites avec le 
 pius grand soin, compte tenu de la condition et 
 de la netteti da rexemplaire film6, et en 
 conformitd avec les conditions du contrat de 
 filmage. 
 
 Original copies in printed paper covers ere filmed 
 beginning with the front cover and ending on 
 the last page with a printed or illustrated impres- 
 sion, or the beck cover when appropriate. All 
 other original copies are filmed beginning on the 
 first page with a printed or illustrated impres- 
 sion. anf< ending on the last page with a printed 
 or illustrated impression. 
 
 The last recorded frame on each microfiche 
 shall contain the symbol -^(meaning "CON- 
 TINUED"), or the symbol y (meaning "END"), 
 whichever applies. 
 
 Les exemplaires originaux dont la couvekture en 
 papier est imprimis sont film6s en commenpant 
 par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la 
 dernidre page qui comporte une empreinte 
 d'impression ou d'illustration. soit par le second 
 plat, selon le cas. Tous les autres exemplaires 
 originaux sont film6s en commengant par la 
 premiere page qui comporte une empreinte 
 d'impression ou d'iliustrstion et en terminant par 
 la dernidre page qui comporte une telle 
 empreinte. 
 
 Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur ia 
 dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le 
 cas: le symbole — »> signifie "A SUIVRE", le 
 symbole V signifie "FIN", 
 
 Maps, plateR, charts, etc., may be filmed at 
 different reduction ratios. Those too large to be 
 entirely included in one exposure are filmed 
 beginning in the upper lc>ft hand corner, left to 
 right and top to bottom, as many frames as 
 required. The following diagrams illustrate the 
 method: 
 
 Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc.. peuvent dtre 
 filmto & des taux de reduction diffdrents. 
 Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre 
 reproduit en un seul cliche, il ent film6 d partir 
 de I'angle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, 
 et de haut en bas. en prenant le nombre 
 d'images nicessaire. Les diagrammes suivants 
 illustrent la mdthode. 
 
 1 2 3 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
mmm 
 
 ^ 
 
 '4: 
 
 
 b- 
 
 PltOSPJECT us 
 
 OF THE 
 
 CAUGHNAWAGA 
 
 ^Ijtjl Canal Compnni). 
 
 f 
 
 -.1 
 
 Incorporated by a Special Act of Parliament 
 of Canada, 12th May, 1870, 
 
 1 
 
 m 
 
 LIMITEI> I^IA-HILIT Y. 
 
 JOHN LOVKLL, PBINTER, MONTREAL. 
 
.' »Uy S > ..ai-- 'g . !^w' i 8 S '^ j^S4«gcj/'**^'*^' 
 
 :iii-#%6.~v*dii.i»--*-.^<*»- --=* .**i<v . 
 
 -'■ " -* • *'-^ -'■■ lniA'--H^ir"i*rin'{'4f4 iM iiiiilii'iltliriii 'riiiftitji SiS ' w ilrt iu i i li i iii l &iai»^ui«aS(£Sfi4 
 
 .z,.;i. 
 
 lk'»i^-^ 
 
 ■iwiiiiffliiii>i,.iiri"ri(^^'"l%li^ 
 
^^ 
 
 I 
 
 j 
 
 gtittgittttilalt 
 
 
 M$ I 
 
 Incorporated by Special Act of the Dominion of Parliamc 
 
 LIMITED LIABI 
 
 CAPITAL, $3,000,000. 
 
 St 
 
 Ears. 
 
 Hon. JOHN YOUNG, Prcskleiit Boaid of Tn 
 Hon. JAMES SKEAl), Senator, Ottawa. 
 JOHN PRATT, Ssqiihc. President People' 
 
 Company. 
 Hon. LEVI UNDERWOOD, Burlington, Yt. 
 S. W. FOSTER, Esquire, Advocate, Knowlto 
 BENJAMIN P. CHENEY, Esquire, Boston, 
 D. N. SKILLINGS, Boston. : 
 
 HENRY HOGAN, Esquire, Proprietor St. L; 
 BENJAMIN T. HEAD, Esquire Boston. \ 
 
 ^. -i 
 
 HoN. JOHN YOUNG, President. 
 
 Eon. LEYI UNDERWOOD, Vice-President. 
 
 ~.jk~. 
 
 Mm\\ns. 
 
\ 
 
 lkl|l; 
 
 m. 4# ** «f 
 
 '■-~t 
 
 wn 
 
 i^^ 
 
 §tmmm 
 
 4- 
 
 le Dominion of Parliament of Canada, 12th May, 1870. 
 
 ED LIABILITY. 
 
 SHARES, $100 EACH. 
 
 :uifj. 
 
 ;ideiit Bimrd of Trade, Montreal. 
 
 itor, Ottawa. 
 
 President People's Bank and President Richelieu Steamboat 
 
 ), Burlington, Yt. 
 idvocate, Knowlton. 
 Esquire, Boston^ 
 
 ;, Pioprietor St. Lowrence Hall, Montreal, 
 quire, Boston. \ 
 
 i 
 
 i^ident. 
 
 ), Vice-President. 
 
 ,Ba1li^^r5. 
 mMMmm 
 
T 
 
 i 
 
 LIMITED LIABILITY. 
 
 No aharoliDldcr in ilio Conipaiiv shall he, in any manner wliatsoever, 
 liable for, or char;j;('<l with tho paytntMit of, any floht or demand due by 
 the said Cninpany, beyond the extent of hi«. her. or l';eir slKin- in the 
 capital of the said Company not paid up. 
 
 PROSPECTUS. ' 
 
 In 1H47, several niereliants, nl" the city of Mc^ntreal, memorinlised Ills 
 Excellency tlie Earl of Kli;in, then (Governor of (Janad,' stating their 
 intention to apply for a charter to con' riict; a canal to connect the St. 
 Lawrence with Lake ('haniplain. and they jir.'ivcd that IJis Exeellcney. in 
 council, would order a survey of the proposed work, which wa.s ;,'rantcd, 
 and J. B. Mills, Es(|., Civil Eln^ineer, was named to make the required 
 survey. On the liUli Fclirnary, Ifi^lS, he reporte(l. that the terminus on 
 the St. Lawrence should be above Laehine, near the Indian village ol 
 Cauf^iniawaga, about H miles from Montreal. The level of l.ake Cham- 
 plain by this route would only be 2") feet nbo'-e the St. Lawienee. whereas 
 the route via .Montreal to Lake Champlain. wnuld be !-'.• i'eet of lockage 
 instead o. '2i') feet. The distance between the two points is about 80 miles, 
 and the then estimated cost was 81.K14.40S \\,v locks of 200 fe.-r long by 
 4;j feet Avide, with 1> i'eet water on the sills. In 1^4[l^ a ]5ill was introduced 
 and passed, incorporating a Company for the construction of the~?anal, but, 
 unfortunately, the point of departure, from tlu St. ]j;iwrence, wa^ notfixt^'d, 
 and diflerences hav'ing arisen as to whether Mr. Mills was correc\ or 
 whether the point of departure should Viot ''C opposite Montreal, the Hill 
 tinaliy exiiired Innn non-user. In 1H;")4, another siirvey was niiide by 
 .Mr. J. E. .Jarvis, Civil Engineer, of New York, who reported, in l^i'u'). 
 strongly in i'avour of tiie canal, and .ipproved of ^Ir. Mills' views as to the 
 point of departure from the St. Lawrence. In LS "),"), Mr, (land)le, Civil 
 Engineer, at the instance of the Canadian Government, also sur\'eyed and 
 reported on the Avork, and arrived at the same conclusion. .Mr. W. II. 
 Swift, Civil Engineer, of JJoston, was also consulted, and he reconimended, 
 in a rejiort dated June, LS.'),'), the line proposed by Mr. Mills. liastly, 
 Mr, Gamble, in lS,")t), in pursuance of instructions from the Government 
 of Canada, examined the coinit-.-y lying between Lake Champlain and I^akc 
 St, Erancis, both below and above the Ikauharnois canal, and repo!te<l that 
 its formation was not favorable to the construction of i canal. The Com- 
 missioners of Public Works, in their report of ISoft. approved by Govern- 
 ment, finally settled the (piestion of route, by decliiring that '• after a 
 })atient and mature consideration of all tlie surveys and reports, we are ol 
 opinion that the line following the Chambly canal and then crossing to 
 Lake St. Louis, near Caughnawaga, is that wiiieli combines an*! affords, 
 in the greatest degree, all the advantages contemplated b) this improve- 1 
 ment, and which has been approved by Messrs. ]\Iills, Swift and C»^amblc." I 
 
 During the last Parliament of the Dominion of Canada, ai>plicat,ion was 
 made for a renewal of the Charter of 1841', and to incorjiorato a new { 
 Company, Avhich, atter due consideration on the part of the Government i 
 of Canada, the charter, under which the Company is now incorporated, \ 
 passed botli Houses, "the Senate and Commons," and is now tlje law oj 
 the land. 
 
 The Company's Act of Incorporation is in every respect complete and 
 -"ComprdrenBiAX' Jnit^ frcrtnTb.-- It-eir^yr^r^-ct^-Vvv-.Ca«iiTf^ 
 •'.ppropriatc, have and hold, to and for the use of them and their succesHors, 
 the line and boundaries of a cnnri between the St. Lawrence and Lake 
 Champlain, to build and erect the same, to select such sites as mny be 
 necessary for basins and docks, as may be considered expedient by the 
 J)irectors and to purchase and dispose of same, with any water power, as 
 may be deemed best by the Directors for the use and profit of he Com- 
 pany. 
 
 It also empowers the Company to cause their canal to enter into the 
 Chambly canal and to widen, deepen and enlarge the same, not less in 
 size than the present St. Lawrence canals ; also, the Company nay take, 
 hold and use any portion of the Chambly canal and the Avorks her" with 
 connected and all the tolls, receipts and roA'cnues thereof upon tc.ns to be 
 settled and agreed upon between the Company and the (Jo.'ernor in 
 Council. 
 
 canals froi 
 cannls hiiv 
 cnlargeme 
 conseipien 
 ever inero 
 The ext 
 of Chicagi 
 oats, barb 
 121.81.'),2 
 bulk of th 
 States by I 
 at the port 
 
 from i.r.or 
 
 Ibdfalo, pr 
 feet, while 
 
 The oltj( 
 plain Avith 
 smallest an 
 pellor to si; 
 ing bulk, i 
 lington anc 
 from J)OSt( 
 any other i 
 
 !t will I 
 the locks c 
 ton.s burthf 
 of improve 
 both ends < 
 in having 
 port, and ii 
 
 'fhc con 
 remedy tlu 
 rupted Ava 
 .•Vtlantic so 
 
 The imp 
 Avhat retur 
 enter) irise ': 
 
 A brief 
 coime :ted 
 cient data 
 when comi 
 through it 
 calculation 
 report of tl 
 D^ii'.i. it a| 
 I'rom their 
 thereon, av; 
 with inten 
 incbuling 
 but leavin 
 !i<nS.<IO0,O( 
 
 .Mr. Mil 
 CaughuaAvi 
 cent, per 
 and repair; 
 cent, n th 
 The amoui 
 have alrea 
 Oswego on 
 
 But no n 
 ber from t 
 from the < 
 greater pa 
 United St 
 nawiiga to 
 and throu; 
 with 121t 
 throu!j;h tl 
 
1 
 
 I 
 
 canals frmn hoaU of 78 to 210 ton3, while tho St. Lawrence aii<l Wellaml 
 cnnal.-i Imvi iil^n hpcn onlar;i;e(l since their first constrnetion. A further 
 enlarifeniei of the Erie and Chanijilain canal^- is now stron;rly nr;;od in 
 const'inicncc of tlie want of the necessary facilities of transport f,r,' the 
 over inereasin;:; western trade. 
 
 The extent of this trade will he roalisod hv the fact that from the ports 
 of C'hica;;o, Milwaukee. Toledo, Detroit and Cleveland, the wheat, corn, 
 onts, barley, rye and flour (rednceil to hnshels) was eipial, in IHIJI), to 
 121.81."),:i.")0 hnshels, independent of jirovisions. ores, i^e. The jjrcat 
 hulk of this vast trade found its way to Now York and the New En^jjland 
 States hy canal and railway, via llnR'alo and Oswe;;o. Ti.e shipments of ore 
 at the ports of Marpiette and Kscanahy. on Lake Superior, have increased 
 Iroin 1 ..'lOO tons in Ls.')"). to 7'28,O00 ton-i in LSIi'.t. The hnid)er received at 
 Huffalo, jinncij.ally Irom Western Canada, in ISGO, oxceeilcd ■224,000,000 
 feet, while at Oswego, the receipts I'rom Canada wore 284,"j;5!',")-5:j feet. 
 1'he ohject of the (.'au;^hnawa,i;a Ship canal is to connect Lake Cham- 
 plain with the St. Lawrence hy the least possihle distance, and with the 
 smallest amount of lockage. When luiilt, it will enahle the vessel or pro- 
 pellor to sail from tlie head of Lakes Superior or Michigan without break- 
 ing bulk, and will enable such vessels to land and receive cargo at Bur- 
 lington and Whitehall, from whence western freights can be carried, to and 
 from Jjoston. and througtiout New I'lngland, by railway cheaper than by 
 any other route. 
 
 U will possess the advantage when the Wi,lland canal is enlarged and 
 the locks e'' the St. liawrenee canal lengthened of passing vess(ds of 8;;0 
 tons burthen, and with that size of vessel (impossible on any other route) 
 of improved model, with facilities for loading and discharging cargoes a 
 both ends of the route, in the length of the voyage without transhipment, 
 in having the least distanci- ' "tween any of the lake ports, and a sea 
 port, and in having the shortest length of taxed canal navigation. 
 
 The construction of tlie Caughnawaga canal, when carried out, will 
 irveved and I remedy the ditliculties which now exist and stand in the way oi an niter- 
 Mr' W. H. riipted water communication between the Western States, and the 
 commended, I Atlantic seaboard. 
 
 Is. liastly, 'J^"'"^' nnportant question, however, is, will the canal be renumerative and 
 jtovernment ' what return will it give in dividends to those avIio invest capital in tht- 
 enterprise? 
 
 A brief history of the Eric canal, and a comparison of the circumstances 
 connected w"th the trade operations of that great work will fui-nish snHi- 
 cient data to justify the conclusion, that the Caughiunvaga Shift Canal 
 when completed will yield a reveimc on the business which will pass 
 thro\igh it. sufficient to pay on the capital invested, at tiio lowest 
 calcuhitiun, a dividend of at least 10 per cent peraiuium. J5y the official 
 report of the report of the State Engineers of the canals, of New York for 
 
 whatsoever, 
 
 yiil <1ue by 
 *liarc in th? 
 
 irialiscd Ills 
 tating their 
 ii'-et the St. 
 eelleney. in 
 
 as granted. 
 If recpiired 
 t( rininus on 
 n \illage ot 
 /ake Cham- 
 ce, whereas 
 
 of lockage 
 nt 80 miles. 
 eet long l)y 
 
 introduced 
 n^anal, but, 
 ah not ti.';».'d, 
 correc', or 
 ?aL the Hill 
 IS made by 
 d, in l^iKj. 
 tvs as to the 
 unble, Civi 
 
 in and Ijake 
 jported that 
 The Corn- 
 by Govern- 
 it '• after a 
 s. we are ol 
 crossing to 
 iikI affords 
 
 lis improve-' 18ti',t. it appears that the entire cost of the Erie and Champiain canals 
 
 I (gamble. 
 
 froiii their inceiition. iucludiii": the cost of niainteiiance and Ic'^al interest 
 
 lication was • thereon, was •':i<ir)4,000,21H, while during the same period the gross receipts, 
 irate a now ' with interest thereon, were S'192,4;")r),7Dl>, not oidy sufficient up to. and 
 joyp,.,, in,. lit ! including ISti'l. to pay th(> entire cost of construction with the interest, 
 ico^porated \ ''"'' leaving a surplus in favour of the State Covernment of at least 
 ,- tile law oi *y8.000,000. 
 
 I Mr. Miils, Civil P^igineer, estimates the cost of the construction of the 
 
 (mrlete and • Caughnawaga Ship canal at fi<2, 500,000. Interest thereon at 10 per 
 • nT^i*-o t^t l-" cent, rier annum is ¥250,000. at'd estimatin;: the animal maintenance 
 and rcpiiirs at ^320,000, will re-iuiro au income of ii'270,000' to pay 10 per 
 cent, n this capital. The (piestinu is, how is this amour.t to be realised '! 
 The amount of the receipts of cereals at five of the Great Western ports 
 have already been stated, and also the receipts of lumber at Jiulfilo and 
 Oswego on its way cast. 
 
 But no mention has yet been made of the vast and growing exports of lum- 
 ber from the great valley of the Ottawa. In 1800 the export of lumber 
 from the Ottawa and its tributaries exceeded 400,000,000 feet. The 
 greater part, of this lumber is cut ibr and is sold in the markets of the 
 United States. At present, it is taken from the Ottawa, past Caugh- 
 nawaga to Montreal, thence to Sorcl, and again up the river Richelieu, 
 and through the Chambly canal to St. John's, a distance of 112 miles 
 with 120 feet lockage by canal, when the same lumber can be taken 
 through the jiroposed canal from ^'aughnawaga to St. .John's with 29^ 
 
 ' succosi-ors, 
 c and liake 
 as may be 
 lient by the 
 )r y.ower, as 
 of he Com- 
 
 tcr into the 
 not less in 
 
 y nay take, 
 
 :8 dievwith 
 tc.ais to be 
 
 Torernor in 
 
\ 
 
 w 
 
 '(•I 
 
 rciice and Jinko Cliamflain. As a general principle r, lnr;2;o vessel can jail the \^v(. 
 
 enrrv tVci^ilit ('heapcr t!ian a small one. A vessel loadin;; at C'liipa;;o or ! of cnnstni 
 c'lsowliorc on tlio n|i|ier hil-e.s, has now to tiansliip car^o into eanal Intats ati nt a les* 
 OsweL'o or Buffalo, not excccdini; llJ.") tons on the avera;^o. When the sliorter iw 
 Ciiii;j;lina\vaL;a canal i-* l)uilt, and the route conijileted to its intonded capa j Voiiiiij; ojl' 
 city, propc^llers of S.jO ton-< may load at Cliica;^'! or Daluth on Lake Su-{Xo\v York 
 perior, and proceed ilircet, vvitliout hreakin.i^ Imlk, on to r,ake Cliainplain, ' tanee. 
 and 1)0 at ]]iirlin;j;t()n or Whiteiiall in six <lays less time than the eari^o hy i Alhiiny 
 the Uuflnlo or Us\vc;j;o rotitc can Ijo in Alhany. l^y the one route on the 
 downward voya;iO, hy descending the rapiils, there is only o7 miles 
 canal, by the other ^'ttO miles of canal, and more tlian "iOI* feet of extra 
 locka;^c. Is it not evident from this statement of facts that the nntposod 
 new route would be far superior than the present one, and that when 
 opened it would command a large share of the Western trade. Suppose, 
 however, that only one fourth of this 4,()00,UUU tons is attracted to it, 
 and that the same toll as is now charged on the Welland for vessels and 
 general freight, say for 
 
 1,UU0.0UU tons at :J0 cts ■ !s«:J0O.O00 
 
 Vessels, 1.000,000 at 2^ cts 'J.3,000 
 
 sj^'-'Jil/JOO 
 
 western 
 New Yii 'I 
 west. Ft 
 ward voya 
 against iili 
 one ease n 
 From th 
 canal in |i 
 Northern 
 of the Ciiij 
 fail of ri : 
 
 Mkssus 
 
 This sum added to the amount from Canadian trade would give the large ^Vo bbg 
 sum of Sli^Jl.HDl atmually or 87 ^/) on the capital, shewing tln't the rate of i plt'ted, om 
 toll now named could he reiluced AO-^.and yet leave suHicient to pay the [ th« raihya 
 stockholilers of the canal a dividend annually oii their investment of \'-i 'Jr.. when this 
 
 Again, when the ])ropeller of S.'jO tons has once broken its way ii.to 
 ^ Lake Champlain nothing can prevent the railroads from iJurliiigtun and 
 
 Whitehall carrying throughout New Fngland and to iinston the products , l^-'i^d^ ol all 
 of the Western States and Canada, liir ch('a|ier and in six days less time navigation 
 than if sent by the Erie Canal route, either from Bu!l';do or U^wego. 
 
 The point of translii[mient will simply he transferred from Dullalo and 
 Oswego to Burlington and Whitehall, and the State of New York Avill 
 then see the necessity of enlarging her Chaniplain canal into the ILidson 
 and therel)y secure a through route from tiie upper lakes without breaking 
 bulk to New York, when she, as well as Boston and New England genc- 
 rallv, will become conlriiintors to the trade of the St^ Lawrence. 
 
 'ihe only way, therelore. by which the greatest saving in the cost of 
 transportation c^an be alfected within the shortest period, and at the least out- 
 lay of cai)ital, is by the construction of the Caug'n:awaga Ship canal, and 
 it-' fullest measure of success will be secured, when the Welland canal is 
 enlarged, a work now about being carried out by the '• Ontarii> and 
 Erie Shii) Canal Company." 
 
 The opinions herein expressed will be foinid fully borne out by the fol- 
 lowin" extracts from reports of the most eminent engineers on the conti- 
 nent, and speeches at various times by statesmen of the highest ability. 
 J. B. Mills, (fivil L'lif/iiwcr, 1849. 
 
 It is in the power of the Canadian Government, by the construction of, , . 
 the Champlain canal, to say in what direction the people of the 2'forth | ^'^'"'''■^ ^} 
 Western States shall go to market, and in 18l)!l,— " the time has arrived M" ^''^^P^f''^ 
 when the trade and trallic refe/red to must have greater means ami fVcci- 1 , 
 
 litics for its interchange, or the outward bound products of the Western ' rj'],',^ j.^. 
 States will and must find other channels, than what the Sfate of Nnr York \ "* 
 
 affords, to the Atlantic coast.'" 
 
 admit of7/( 
 mercial em 
 
 ]>y comi 
 bo able to 
 America h 
 reduce the 
 for all tliL V 
 
 The abs 
 
 iuunense ii 
 becomes m 
 
 iio\. ^yM 
 
 The con 
 with saf ^t} 
 secure : 1; 
 It was Irio: 
 
 -;i'.v*4^.-rSt^i»*?iiV2^- 
 
 K^Vy" i\ P^ih^if . K^Ji '-^tJ''-^ 
 
 , I'liaiuf inin 
 y loading 4^ 
 
 ! in ad\i sin 
 
 ce 
 
 PnhVtc Works Jithort, 1849. 
 
 That the early completion of this cajiial is imperatively called for to ; Lawrei 
 complete the chain of canals already in use, and to render'thcm profitable I _^''i"'i"'^ « 
 as v;cll as a convenience to the public. investefl. 
 
 Hon. CilANCi:i-LOR Walwoutii, of New York, 1849, on behalf of the 
 American ixtrt of a Concention at Troy., said: — 
 
 One source of revenue from the canal is the transportation of large 
 quantities of coal from Pennsylvania and other States situated on the 
 great Western lakes for the maiuAfacturo of iron, arid the transportation ^pwan 
 of such iron for the use of the Western States. It is well known that a would 
 
 The 
 St. La 
 lumber 
 cheapei 
 
 very considerable region of country in Northern New York is filled wi 
 the richest and most extensive beds of iron ore in the United Stales, 
 perhaps in the world. Many of these beds which have been openeil. 
 
 th 
 
 or 
 
 md 
 
 pre 
 ivrc 
 fro 
 ' c 
 fr. 
 Ue { 
 
vessel can all tho jijrodncts of liie t»c8t, can, hy mcana of tho railroads now in course 
 Cliicnp!;o or of construction, bo distrilintLMl in tlio intorior, and also bo liviulod at Boston 
 iial l)Oiit,^ at nt a lesi p\)i(<iisc, with less dcprcciiition in valiio by traii-<poit, and in a 
 When tho sliortor jiorioil than liy aiiv otiicr routo. This has Ik-cii proved by Mr. 
 ' ' Yoiin;j; ojf Montreal, in liis tal)Ios of comparative froii;!it?. To tho city of 
 
 New York tho eonstniction of this worl< is of t!ie j^reatest pni!<ii})h'( impor- 
 tance. With the ("hamphiin canal of tid miles to Troy or 7"J miles to 
 be car;j;o by | Albany, 'ehlar;;ed to the same size as the proposed canal, vessels from any 
 route on the | western lalci- | ort fonid, witlmnt breakini;; bulk, diseharj^e at tho port of 
 New Vok and eould there loa.l with enii;.;raiits and nierehandizo for tho 
 west. From Lake Eric to New York, by the St. Lawrence, on the down- 
 ward voya;;e, there would be l'J:» miles of eanal with fyOA feel of locka;^e, 
 a;;ainst i^ti^'' niihis canal with OIKS feet loeka;^e by the Erie canal. In the 
 one case no transhipment of cargo, in tho other two transhipmtmts. 
 
 From these ami other facts, u has aj);. eared to the Committee that tho 
 
 vessels and | canal in piestion is of too n)'U'h m!Vj;nitiido not to receive the attention of 
 
 Nortliern and Southern Now Y'ork, aTid Northern New England as well aa 
 
 madas : ami viewed as a source of income merely, that it cannot 
 
 ended capa 
 m Lake Su- 
 (,'lianiplaiu. 
 
 ly o7 miles 
 ieet of extra 
 le |)roposod 
 I that when 
 . Suppose, 
 acted to it, 1 
 
 . 8300.0001 
 'J.j,000 j 
 
 8'.-J."),000 
 ve the large 
 t the rate of 
 t to pay the 
 lit of \:i';i,. 
 ts way ii.to 
 rlingtoii and 
 ;he products 
 lya less time 
 '>wego. 
 Bullalo and 
 
 '^ ^7\^ r'" ' ^^ '^'^'" ^'^ pourCanada hioadst 
 ^"*\'^"",;;'^" j America before supidics can c 
 
 of the C 
 
 fail of ri'hly rewarding those who embark in its construction. 
 
 Mkssrs Youxo A.vi) KiM-Ai.v, Commissioners of Puhlic Worh, 1851. 
 
 Wo beg to jioint out to Your Excellency that until this work is com- 
 pleted, oiu- canals will fail to eoinpet.' successrully with tho Erie canal and 
 the rail;(>u'ls of NeiN-^'j.t.rk, in transport from the West to the East, but 
 when this eanal is constructed a route will then be opened which will 
 admit oVthroutjIi tranxport without transliipment, between the great com- 
 mercial emporium and the lakes, an I suei a route will inevitably take the 
 lead of all existing or pos.sil)le communications during the season of inland 
 navigation. 
 
 Tilo.MAS C, Keephh, Civil Enjineer, 1851. 
 
 ]>y connecting Lake Cliamplain with the St, Lawrence, wo will not only 
 
 tulls into the heart of the best market in 
 
 , ..-.p]iiic3 can come from any other (|uarter, but also so 
 
 Hit ()reaKmg (.j_,,m(.jj {,])£. ^o^t ot transport that our farmers will receive a higher price 
 rland gene- j-^^. .^jj ^^^^^ ,,.^^,^. to sell, 
 e. 
 the cost of Wo^a. Mr. KiLuALY, Civil Engineer, 185(5. 
 
 ;he least out- 1 Tho absolute necessity for this conneccing link in the chain of the 
 canal, and ' immense inland navigation through this Province and the United States, 
 md canal is becomes more and more important every succeeding year. 
 )iitario and jjy^._ ^\^M. IL MiaiRirr, W. i\ from a published letter to Hon. Mr. 
 
 Chabot, (Commissioner of Public TFor/cx, 1852. 
 
 The construction of this Canal has become a national object. It cannot 
 
 I with salj'ty to the trade, be delavc(l a single year. Its construction will 
 
 i secure a large revenue for Canada ami enable us to furtlier reduce tolls. 
 
 ,.i It was jiot till 18-H), when tho Hon. .John Y'oung (the projector of the 
 
 ^t-'l ^' 'l\ ^v'ork,) Explained it to me, that I became convinced of its necessity ; and 
 
 '^^^' ^ I respeiitfully )irge it on your attention as Commissioner of Public Works. 
 
 , Joiix C. Jarvis, Cit<il Engineer, 1855. 
 
 t by the fol- 
 tn the conti- 
 st ability. 
 
 las arrived 
 ins and fVici- 
 the Western 
 f Neiv York 
 
 'J'hisjroute, from the npper lakes through the St. Lawrence and Lake 
 CiianniS'^5 1"^" "' '-^^ "" ^^^ globe. The idea of a vessel of 850 tons 
 
 -,-i-j> 
 
 ^loa-ling^t an inlii 
 j in advi sin^f th*^ 
 
 'vtrt and jnocecding, without breaking bulk^ 2,000 
 
 J ' .. 
 
 »d. 
 
 !it,'.aa_ 
 
 ailed for to 
 m profitable 
 
 ehalf of the 
 
 Lawrei 
 
 ce into L; 
 
 '.•.ate construction of the proposed canal fronithe St. 
 Champlain as a work important for the interests of 
 
 ion of large 
 
 ited on the 
 
 ansportation 
 
 nown that a I ^^-ouldl 
 
 s filled with 
 
 mI Staies, or 
 
 opened, and 
 
 Canada and whirl, cannot fail to yield a large return on the capital 
 invcstefl. 
 
 John I'a«iK, Chief Engineer, Public Works, 1859. 
 project of constructing a canal to connect Lake Champlain with the 
 .vrence has my entire approval. Western produce, as well as the 
 from Ui)per Canada and tlie Ottawa would thus find an easier and 
 • conveyaiire to the markets of the United States and the large 
 freight of is-avy goods for sup[)lying the populous Western States 
 le attracted through the St. Lawrence. 
 
 Hon. M;i. J. McAlimnk, \ 
 
 James P. Kiukwood, } Civil Engineers, 1858. 
 
 CAPTAiy JuHX CiiiLns, 
 
 The 
 
 St. La 
 
 lumber 
 
 cheape) 
 
 upward 
 
m 
 
 W^ 
 
 Hon. JOHN YOUNG, President. 
 
 Hon. LEVI UNDERWOOD, Vice-President. 
 
 Banhrvs. 
 
 THE BANK OF MONTREAL. 
 THE NATIONAL PARK BANK, J 
 THE SHAWMUT NATIONAL BAi 
 THE HOWARD NATIONAL BAK 
 
 J. B. MILLS, Peekslvill 
 
 4 
 
 WALTER SHANLY, 
 
 ferfd^uvf 
 
 JOHN PRATT, E 
 
 ^rrrEtiirK 
 
 JAMES STEWART, M 
 
!si(lcnt. 
 
 D, Vice-President 
 
 MONTREAI^ 
 
 PARK BANE, NEW VOKK. 
 NATIONAL BANK, BOSTON. 
 NATIONAL BANK, BURLINGTON. 
 
 IiiriiiicFV. 
 
 MILLS, Peekslvill, N. Y. 
 
 LTER SIIANLY, M. P. 
 
 ,'^ 
 
 twamn. 
 
 OHN PRATT, Esq. 
 
 ^rcrEtarn; 
 
 CS STEWART, Montreal. 
 
;i|>[ir"|ui;ito, have ami liold, to and t(ir tlio use ut' th<'iii ;iiiil tlioir siwci'ssors, 
 tlic line and bomnlancs of a oaiial between tiio St. i>a\vronco and lialxC 
 (Jlian>|)laiii, to i)uild and croet tlio same, to pcleet siicli witos as niny be 
 necessary tor liasln.s and docks, as may be considered expedient by the 
 Directoi-* and to purchase and dispose of same, with any water power, as 
 may be deemed l)est by the Directors for the tise and profit of ho Com- 
 [.any. 
 
 It also empowers the Company to cause their canal to enter into the 
 Chambly canal and to widen, deepen and enlarge the same, not less in 
 size than the present St. Lawrence canals ; also, the Company i my take, 
 liold and use any portion of the Chambly canal and tlio works .heri'with 
 connected and all the tolls, receipts and vovenucs tluM-eof upon te ins to be 
 settled and a;:reed upon between ttie Company ami the (.Jorernor in 
 Council. 
 
 The various surveys that have been made since 184H, are now deposited 
 in the office of the Dominion Board of Works, which, by the Act of Incorpo- 
 ration, are placed at the disposal of the Company. 
 
 The cost of the canal with locks of 800 feet by 45 and with 10 feet (5 in. j 
 the mitre sill, is now estimated at li<2,r)00,000, and the time for its con- 
 struction may not exceed two years after breaking ground. | 
 
 Probal)ly, no tjuestion is of more vital importance to Canada and the i 
 Western and Eastern United States than the sutijeet of tran.-portation. ' 
 The increasing commerce of the Crcat West, the rapidity with which the ! 
 population has of late flowed into that vast tract of country to the West I 
 and North West of Lakes Erie, Michigan, Huron and Sujie-ior, have | 
 served to convince all well informed counnercial men that the means of! 
 transit between that country and the seaboard are far too liinite 1 even for I 
 the present necessities of trade, hence it becomes a question of universal | 
 interest how the products of the field, the mine, and the forest, c.in be most j 
 cheaply forwarded to the consumer. I 
 
 Near the geographical centre of North America is a vas't~plateau two ! 
 thousand feet above the level of the sea, drained by the ^Iississip[)i to the j 
 south, by the St. Lawrence to the east and by tlic Saskatcliewan and i 
 McKcnzie to the north. This vast territory would have been valueless} 
 but for the water lines which afliu-d cheap transport between it and the! 
 <j;reat markets of the world. | 
 
 Canada has improved the St. Lawrence by canals round the rapids of, 
 the St. Lawrence, and by the Welland canal, coimecting Lakes Erie and 
 Ontario, -8 miles in length with a fall of 2t50 feet — capable of passing | 
 vessels of 400 tons. The St. Lawrence, from east end of Lake Ontario, I 
 has a fall of 220 feet, overcome by seven short canals of an aggregate ' 
 length of 47 miles, ca[)al)le of passing vessels of tioO tons. TJio Richelieu ; 
 River is connected with Lake Champlain by a canal of 12 miles from! 
 iJhambly. A canal of one mile in length, at the outlet of Lake Sujicrior, ' 
 connects that lake with Lake Huron, and has two locks which will pass 
 vessels of 2,000 tons. New York has built a canal from Buftilo, on Lake 
 Eric, and from Oswego, on Lake Ontario, to Albany, on the Hudson 
 River, of 300 and 20U miles, capable of passing boats of 210 tons ; and 
 she hiis also constructed a canal from the Hudson River into Tjake Cham- i 
 plain of Uo iniles, Avhich can pass boats of 80 tons. 
 
 Such is tlic i.ature of the navigation between tide water on the Hudson 
 and St. Lawrence and the upper lakes. The ma;i,uitudc of tie commerce | 
 K.'iii the North-west has compelled the enlargcu-,cnt of the Erie and Oswego : 
 
 and repa 
 cent, on 
 The aino 
 have alr( 
 Oswego 
 
 Rut n( 
 her from 
 from ihe 
 greater j 
 Cnit.'d f 
 nawaiia 
 and thro 
 with 121 
 through 
 miles cai 
 xports f 
 posed wo 
 
 At a n 
 ested in I 
 the savin 
 Caughna 
 " with til. 
 •' plain"' 
 feet, supi 
 rate as is 
 Thirty ce 
 would be 
 
 Add to 
 land cana 
 
 Vessels 
 
 vVgricu 
 V8,48G to 
 
 Add a<i 
 Canada \ 
 which, no 
 canal. 
 
 Lumboi 
 
 Grain, 
 
 Vessel? 
 
 or \o'j(j in 
 only iiiclu 
 arriving a 
 water, on 
 round nu 
 4,000,00( 
 The qi 
 dire"ted i 
 
m 
 
 IHliillSHIi^ 
 
 iter y.owcr, as 
 t of ho Corn- 
 enter into the 
 e, not less in 
 my nay take, 
 irks .liiMVAitli 
 HI ri' iii.s to he 
 CJorernor in 
 
 now deposited 
 ct oi' Incorpo- 
 
 li 10 feet 6 in. 
 
 eir siK'cosi^di's. ""' i('|i;iii'.s ui • -m.uUo, will i-oiniirc an ineoine oT !!!:^TCpJ<'in to pay iU pn 
 iico and Lake i"'''it. <iri this ca) ital. The (niosti.ii is, how is this amount to he realised ? 
 es as niny he j flit' anmunt of the roreipfs of eereals at five of the (ireat Western po.-ts 
 edietit hy the ', I'^i^y already heen stated, and also the receipts of hunher at JJidfalo and 
 Us\ve<;o on its way east. 
 
 But no mention lias yet heen made of the vast and growing exports of lum- 
 ber from the great valley of tlie Ottawa. In Ud!) the export of luml)er 
 from the Ottawa and its tril>utaries exceeded 400,000,000 feet. The 
 greater part, of this lumber is out fnr and is sold itt the markets of the 
 (JnitiMl States. At present, it is taken fium the Ottawa, pas*- Caugh- 
 nawaiiii to Montreal, thence to Sorel, and again up the river Riohelicu, 
 and through the Chamhly canal to 8t. John's, a distance of 112 miles 
 with I'JO feet lockage by canal, when the same himber can be taken 
 through the proposed canal IVoni ^'aughnawaga to ht. John's with 29i 
 miles canal, and 25 feet lockage ! It necessarily follows that the whole 
 xports from the Ottawa for the United States must pass through the pro- 
 posed work. 
 
 At a meeting lately held at Ottawa where the principal parties inter- 
 e for its con- jested in the lumber trade, here present it was unanimously resolved that 
 I the saving in transport which would be effected by the construction of the 
 nada and the j Caughnawaga <Janal " tvoidd exceed one dollar per thonmnd feit, compared 
 i'an.-.portation. I " with the rule now paid by the preiient clrauitonf route to Lake C/iarn- 
 ith which the ! •' [ilaiii' besides the great saving in time. Instead of one dollar per M. 
 ' to the West I feet, suppose the toll on the new canal to be 30 cts. per M. feet, the same 
 ipe.-ior, have i rate as is now charged on the Wclland Canal, about of the same length, 
 the means of j Thirty cents per thousand on three out of the four hundred thousand feet 
 
 lite I even for | would be i^90,000 
 
 of universal Add to this the other business now done on this route at Wcl- 
 ;, can be most land canal rates 
 
 Vessels, 425,4(55 tons at 2i cts. per ton 10,680 
 
 Agricultural products, manufactures and merchandises 
 
 sissippi to the j 78,480 tons at 30 cts. per ton 23,548 
 
 itcliewan and | 
 
 ecu valueless | 
 
 m it and the' Add again to this soy two-thirds of the lumber shipped from 
 : Canada West in vessels, and transhipped at Buffalo ami Oswego, 
 the rapids of, which, no doubt, would go through Lake Champlain by the new 
 kcs Erie and canal. 
 
 rplate.' 
 
 in two 
 
 8J24.184 
 
 Lumber, at Buffalo and 
 
 Oswego, 405,000.000 at 30 cts. per M. feet. . . . 
 
 Grain, say 6,000,000 bush, equal to 200,000 tons at 30 cts. 
 Vessels, 643,000 tonnage at 2i cts 
 
 141,707 
 
 60,000 
 16,000 
 
 le of passing 
 iake Ontario, 
 an aggregate 
 'ho llichelieu 
 2 miles from 
 iko Superior, 
 
 ich will pass f 34 1,891 
 
 fi'io, on Lake ' or 13'^t. interest on capital on Canadian business alone, and that business 
 
 the Hudson ' only iiicludmg grain and lumber. The trade of the North Western States 
 
 tons ; and . arriving at Buttalo and Oswego, and moving by canal and railroads to tide 
 ^jake Cham- ; water, on the Hudson as well as the upward trade on same route, may in 
 
 round numbers he estimated on the average of the last five years at 
 
 1 the Hudson ' 4,000,000 tons. 
 
 i:e commerce j The question arises as to what proportion of this vast trade will be 
 and Oswego '• directed from its present chanael through this new route of the St Law- 
 
m 
 
 J'lihlin H'orh L'Apnrf, 1840. 
 
 I in a<l\i 
 
 Tliut the early conijilction of this cn^ial is imperatively called for to j L^^^''^' 
 mr)lc'to the cliiiin of canals ahomly in use, and to render tlicin profitable ' y*^""'' 
 
 nivesto 
 
 The 
 
 St. La 
 liunhcr 
 olieapci 
 upwan 
 would 1 
 
 2 
 
 The 
 Lawroii 
 vessels 
 roni ^ I 
 
 t 
 
 comi 
 
 as wcl' as a convenience to the public. 
 
 Hon. Ciianckixor Walwoktii, of New York, 1849, on behalf of the 
 American, jnirt of a Convention at Troy, said : — 
 
 One source of revenue from the canal is the transportation of lar;>;e 
 (piantities of coal from I'eniisylvunia and other States situated on the 
 yreat Western lakes for the manufacture of iron, and the transportation 
 of such iron for the use of the Western States. It is well known that a 
 very considerable region of country in Northern New York is filled with 
 the richest and nio^t extensive beds of iron ore in the United States, or 
 perhaps in tlie world. Many of these beds which hav(! been oponi-d. and 
 arc now bein;; worked, are situated upon tlie very burders of J^ake Cham- 
 plain, or within a short distance from it. The present capabil'ties of the 
 iron works in the vicinity of these mines, or on tlie shores of the lake, 
 are about 1>U,0UU tons of iron annually, the production of which fpiantity 
 will reipiire l'.iU,OUU tons of coal. The future cajmbilities of these exten- 
 sive mines for the jjroduction of ore, and the extent to which iron Avorks j i,„^^,.,i 
 may be erected in that region where water jjower is so abundant, -'ire I (J^,.^,| ' ] 
 incalculable, andean only bo limited by the wants of the country, and this j ^^^ ^^.^, 
 canal, by openin;^ up a direct eomnuinication with tlie (jrcac Western ^yQ^i,! 
 States, and the fertile re;^ion of Up[ier Canada will furnish a new and 
 constantly iiicreasiujj; market for the iron of Northern New York, and will 
 supply return cargoes for the vessels which bring down the coal. 
 
 A<*ain: connected as this canal would be with the Ottawa as well as 
 other rivers which flow into the St. Lawrence, either above or below 
 Montreal, the shores of which rivers are now lined with immense forests of 
 the most valuable pine timber, it would bring to Lake Chainplain, and 
 throu 'h the Chainplain canhl to the Hudson river, the product of these 
 forests ; and will thus cheapen that species of lumber, which, from its 
 scarcity, is nov.- commanding exorbitant prices. This of itself would, for 
 many years, alford a handsome revenue to the canal. A large branch of j but the 
 trade, throu'di the Ricl)elicu river, wculd bo opened up with Newfound- j and pop 
 land, Labrador and Nova Scotia, for there is no doubt, as .Mr. Young has 
 stated, that their fish, oil, gyiisum, coal, cS:c., wouhl be delivered on Lake 
 Champlain and at Troy at a less expense for transportation, than the same 
 articU s arc now delivered at these points via Boston ami New York. IJut 
 
 chnie (.; 
 lingtoti 
 than w'ii 
 The .^ 
 attract ; 
 Englai 
 Ho.v. , 
 
 Verm 
 the Hue 
 
 Champli 
 in rcc(.'i\ 
 sending 
 business 
 when vou add to this tlie trade of Nortliern Pensylvania, from Lake Erie, the s.jii 
 
 land, Li 
 business 
 
 the trade of Ohio, Michigan, Illinois, Lidiana, Wisconsin, Lnva, &c., and the 
 fertile iKUiinsula of Upiier Canada, and when it is considered that the lands 
 now cultivated there are oidy in a snu\ll proportion to the wild lands, and 
 that such will be the gradual increase ol production there, that the Erie i greatest 
 anil Oswc'o canals, even when cidargcd, will be totally inadequate to such ! and coa 
 increased commerce, there cannot bo a doubt but that the contemplated ; reciproc 
 canal will be constantly adding to the value of its stock in proportion to | mous. 
 the increase of the population in the Western and New England States i and the 
 and in the Canadas. iJy this single improvement, steamers and vessels, in a fev 
 from all the upper and western lakes, as well as from the Gulf of the ; will bo 
 St. Lawrence, can reach Burlington, Whitehall, and all the other ports on \ Englanc 
 Lake Champlain without breaking buk. The flour, pork, beef, coal, and to her p 
 
)T\u^^t^^^^^ 
 
 ■ callofl for to 
 tlicin profitable ' 
 
 I hehnlf of th' 
 
 tation of lar;j;c 
 tiiatod on the 
 traii-iportation [ 
 1 known that a 
 k is filled with 
 litod 8tato3, or 
 n opened, and 
 if Lake Cham- 
 aliil'tics of the 
 '3 of the lake, 
 which (piaiitity 
 >f these cxten- 
 lich iron works 
 ahiiiidant, are 
 iiiitiy, and this j 
 jreac Western 
 ish a new and 
 York, and will 
 coal. 
 
 awa as well as 
 
 bove or below 
 
 leiise forests of 
 
 ,'haiii;daiii, and 
 
 jdiict of these 
 
 liich, from its 
 
 self would, for 
 
 arge l)rauch of 
 
 itli NewfoiMid- 
 
 Ir. Yoimg has 
 
 vored on Lake 
 
 than the same 
 
 I'w York. iJiit 
 
 jui Lake Eric, 
 
 a, i&e., and the 
 
 that the lands 
 
 vild lands, and ' 
 
 , tliat the Erie \ 
 
 Cipuite to such I 
 
 ! contemplated ' 
 
 1 proportion to 
 
 Inglaud States 
 
 rs and vessels, 
 
 e Gulf of the 
 
 other ports on 
 
 K'cf, coal, and 
 
 I in adMfiin;; ilu: 
 Law 
 
 re I 
 
 jiuil pioceediug, without luvakiiig bulk, 2,00U 
 
 iitc ei>ii,^:iuetion of the proposed canal fronrtho St. 
 ee into ]j; ,■ Champlain as a work iiupnitant for the interests of 
 Canada and whiid. cannot fail to yield a large return on the capital 
 investeiL 
 
 John I'AdK, Ch'ii'f Eniiiiu-cr, PuhUc Works, 18;j9. 
 project of constructing a canal to connect Lake Chainplain wltli the 
 Aiciice has my entire approval. Western j)roduce, as well as the 
 from Upper Canada and the Ottawa would thus find an easier and 
 conveyamo to the markets of iho United States and the large 
 freigiit of ^.nvy goods for supplying the populous Western States 
 e attracted tliroii;:!) tiie 8t. Lawrence. 
 
 The 
 St. La 
 lumber 
 cheapei 
 upward 
 would 1 
 
 iio.\. 'SxM. J. Mc.'Vlitm;, \ 
 
 Ja.mks p. Kri'.KWOoi), ) Civil Engineers, 1858, 
 
 CAI'TAiy .I'llIX ClllhOS, ) 
 
 Prom their Jii'/iort to Ilarlioiir Connriissionirs of Montreal. 
 
 The construction of the proposed Caughiiawaga canal from the St. 
 Lawrence, opposite Lachine, to Lake Champiaiii, will allow the large lake 
 vessels, to continue their voyage to Whitehall, (two hundred and ten miles 
 from iSew York, and one hundred and thirty-seven miles nearer the sea- 
 board, than can be done by tiie way of Oswego), at less cost, even if the 
 Chami)lain canil sliould not be enlarged so as to allow the vessels to go 
 to Neo Y'ork. It may not be generally understood (hat the vessels which 
 would ,ake the Caiighnawaga canal would pass by tlte mouth of the La- 
 chine canal witiiin seven miles of the 'ity of Montreal, and when at Bur- 
 lingtoii and Whitehall would be /learei j any of the towns in Mew England 
 than wlien at .Vlliany. 
 
 The economy of time and transport by Lake Champlain could not fail to 
 
 attract a very large share of the trade between the Western States, New 
 
 Englai d and Boston, as well as a consideraltlo share of New York trade. 
 
 IIox. iRonicuT J Walickr, formerly Secretary of the Trea»ury, 18(5,3.. 
 
 Vermont upon Lnko Champlain, by the said enlarged system of canal from 
 the Hudson to Lake Superior, connecting her not only witii the ILidson 
 but the St. Lawre'.ice and the lakes^ would bo greatly advanced in wealth 
 aiid population. But with cheapened transportation to and from Lake 
 Cliam[)lain on the Ihidson, and not only Vennout but all New England, 
 in reci.'iving her coal and iron, and her supplies from the West, and in 
 sending them her manufactures, will enjoy great advantages and the 
 business of her raih'oads be greatly increased. So also, New England in 
 the s^und, and in fact, the whole seaboard and all its cities, Bridgeport, 
 ..\ew Haven, New Loudon, Providence, Fall River. New Bed.jrd, Port- 
 land, Bangor, Belfa-t and Eastport, will all transact an immense increased 
 business with New York, IMiiladelphia, Baltimore, and the West. As the 
 greatest consumer of Western breadstuti's and provisions, and of our iron 
 and coal, and the [u-incipal seat of domestic manufactures, the augmented 
 reciprocal trade of New England with tlie South and West will be enor- 
 mous. The products of New England in latiO, exclusive of agriculture 
 and the earnings of coininerco, were of the value of •■j!4:'.U,0T4,4y8, but 
 in a few years after the completion of these enlarged canals, this amount 
 will be doubled. Such is the skilled and educated Industry of New 
 England, and such the inventive genius of her people, that there is no limit 
 to lier products, except markets and consumers. 
 
 a 
 
^ 
 
 m 
 
 fCV A fr 
 
 SNOWING ROUTE OF 
 
 Oitt(//ut/fffmf,^a S/ff/j f^a/Htf Co/n/)(f/i(/s 
 
 Total iMancffrom 7/ifhinr. \nt S'oirh ti)S'K/"^n.Y. • 
 ( ami 'iJ niUf.f. 
 Rnrr :ff 
 Total //5 mih-s 
 
 .Fotaf ifixfrtiirrfrotn liirhfiif. \vi ( hmihi>n»ri(fatv S'ihhLv. 
 
 lMica(fp fjV' iia /Mehi/if lUiU M'nl.tvyMiiix /'K'tf^ft 
 Mo. . ('aii(//t/iuHeufa to S'rjvhn.i '',,py/ 
 
 Jh Ji^/n/M K*^ miles 
 « LovkncfilOi^irl