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Acadian Relics found at Grand Pre.
THE ACADIAN PR(3VINCK:-BY-THE-SEA
B\ Arthur W'cntioorth Katou.
NO name left by the pioneer French settlers on any part
of the North American continent bears about it such
an atmosjjhere of romance as the name Acadia. Into
the history of the old French forts which mark the Acadian
settlements are woven some of the ciioicest tales of love and
suffering, of courtly intrigue and heroic adventure, that belong
to the history of the French colonization of the western world.
Originally of uncertain and varying extent, in 1713, in the
treaty of Utrecht, Acadia is considered as extending from the
St. Lawrence River on the north to the Atlantic Ocean on
the south, and from the strait of Canso on the east to a line
drawn tlue north from the mouth of the Penobscot on the
west, the country thus being held to embrace the i)rovinces
of Nova Scotia, New IJrunswick, Prince Fdward Island, i)art
of Lower Canada, or (Quebec, and part of the State of Maine.
Little by little, in its various changes of ownershij), the name
became restricted to Nova Scotia, New IJrunswick, and Prince
Fdward Island ; and at the final concpiest of this territory by
the llritish, in 17 10, the name .Acadia as a legal designation
quite disappeared, and for the main ])art the fir less attractive
name of Nova Scotia took its place. The latter name, how-
ever, originated much earlier. In 1621 King James the l'"irst
deeded the country to Sir William Alexander, afterwards I'>arl
of Stirling, a young Clackmannanshire Scotchman with great
ambition and no mean literary gifts, who in the somewhat
pedantic fashion of his royal master and of the times, ilesiring
to found a New Scotland, as there had already been founded a
New Lngland and a New France, gave it this Latin name. In
/no.
(Xb)
158
r///; ACADIAN PROVINCE-BY-THI'.-SEA.
the eager pursuit of schemes for colonizing
his new world territory, at last Sir William
Alexander, under the patronage and with
the support of his friend and sovereign,
Charles the First, adopting a plan that
Near Digby.
had already been used in the Scottish
settlement of Ulster, created the famous
order of IJaronets of Nova Scotia, whose
titles in many cases have descended,
among the Scottish nobility and gentry,
to our own time.
The origin of the name Acadia, or
Acadie, does not seem very clear. Sieur
de Monts, in jjctitioning his sovereign.
King Henry IV. of France and Navarre,
for leave to colonize the country, calls it
La Cadie, or .Acadie, and the king in his
charter calls it La C'adia, the briefer
Cadie also elsewhere apjiearing. By some
the name is thought to have originated
in the Micmac word Quoddy or Cady, a
place or region, but this is not at all sure.
The romantic traditions of .\cadia be-
gin with the ill-fated settlement of the
Island of St. Croix, the
cherished enter ])rise of the
zealous (!ountess de (luer-
cheville, and multiply fast
with the advent on these
western shores of the gallant
explorers De Monts, Pout-
rincourt, and Champlain,
and their friend and fellow-
countryman t h e versatile
Lescarbot, .Acadia's first
historian and poet, whose
name is forever enshrined
in the early annals of old
Port Royal. In 1604,
these chivalrous men first
guided their shallops into the blue
.Acadian bays, and however much the
common lust of power and greed of
gain may have possessed them, in the
jirogress of their settlement at Port Royal
they showed tiicmselves good fellows, in
whom sentiment and feeling abounded,
and who amidst all their necessary toils
anil privations, on the rough seas or in
the wild forests, never forgot that they
were gentlemen. Unlike some the Kng
lish colonists, they dealt so kindly and
kept such good faith with the Indians
that these children of the forest, from
Archway in the nfH Fort, Annapolis Royal, built by the French.
THE A CADI AN PR O Vh\CE-B Y-THE-SEA.
169
their chief down, were always their warm
allies. When their treasury was full they
would buy game and fish from the Mic-
macs, and wash their savory dinners
down with good French wines. When it
was empty they would make the best of
their lean fortunes, and with gun and
fishing rod, on the wooded hills and in
the tide-swept river, find their own pro-
visions. When I)e Monts would come
back after some unsuccessful voyage to
remoter parts of his domain, with broken
rudder and torn sail, Lescarbot would
decorate the fort with laurel and make a
jewelled collar and with other insignia
of office presided, at the evening's close
gracefully choosing his successor and
pledging him in sparkling wine.
" A f^ay ami gallant i;.ini])any,
Those v(iya},'crs of oM,
Whoso iifo in tlie Atadian fort
I.escarhot's vtrsc has told."
After 1 710, the history of Acadia is
that (>f an I'lnglish ( olony, l)ut as in con-
(piered (Quebec, the hist(iry of an lOnglish
colony, a large part of whose inhal)itants
looked to the country of the liourlxm,
not of the Stuart or Hanoverian monarchs,
/i^^'Jfith^^A
The Graveyard at Annapolis Royal. — The oldest in America.
poem in the noble explorer's jiraise.
When Father IJiard converted the okl
centenarian chief, Membertou, whose
heart had been completely won to these
Frenchmen by their generous hospitality
and the deference they showed his age
and rank, they made his baptism on the
shore of the basin an imposing ceremony,
and with the echoing woods behind them
sang the church's Tr Dciiin loud and
clear. The second winter they spent at
Port Royal, Champlain founded the
famous Old IT dc Bon Tciii/>s, a', whose
feasts each of the fwii viTiriif brotnerhood
in turn took the ofiice of steward, and in
as their fatherlantl. The chapter of
Acailian history must widely known treats
of a time from forty to forty-five years
later than the final llritisli coiKjuest under
Nicholson and \'etch, when the liabitaDs
of (Irand Pre, Pisi(|uid, IJeau Sejour, and
Port Royal were forcibly removed bv the
agents of the British ( iovernnient, — \\ ins-
low, Murray, Monckton and Handiield, —
and scattered as homeless exiles along
the American coast from Maine to
(leorgia. The incidents connected with
the removal of the Acadians from (Irand
Pre have often been told in song and story,
and the story has lost none of its pathos in
it;o
THE A ( '.l/)/.LV PRO I INCE-B J -THESE A.
Old Barracks at Annapolis Royal, built about 1660.
'.^;
tlu- tflliiii,'. l.ongft'llow, in his " Mvange-
iiiu'," foilowinmiu- ( hronick-sof the Abbe
RayiKil, ]ir()duct's u i)irturo of their life
which I'arknian, with more accurate
knowledge of the facts, in his " Montcalm
and Wolfe,'' ruthlessly dispels, liut no
matter how widely we are obliged to sep-
arate Acadia from Arcadia, there is still
quite en(jugh of romantic interest in the
story of the country and peo])le of I'^van-
gcline to kindle the imagination and
touch th'* heart :
" Ve who hclicvf in atVi'clion tliat Impcs ami cn-
(liircs and is ])atiiiit,
\\' u 111) lii'liivo in the JHauty and strcnj»tli nf
wduian's dcviitiiin.
List to tlic niournliil tradition still sunj,' by the
pinus of the forest;
List to a Tale of Love in ALadie, home of the
happy."
The Acadian settlements were scat-
tered throimhout the Nosa Scotian
Heau Sejour, >\'indsor, (Irand Vxd and
.Annajiolis. The true land of Mvangeline
may be considered as co-extensive with
the famous "(larden of Nova .Scotia," a
beautiful tract of country stretching fnjm
\\'indsor, formerly called l'isi(|uid, on the
.Avon River, not far from the head of
Minas Uasin, to .\nna])olis Royal, the
ancient capital of .\cadia, called always
in French times Port Royal. The
Province of Nova Scotia is richer in min-
erals than any tract of coimtry of similar
extent known to geologists; and here in
this (larden of Nova Scotia, seventv-five
miles long, lie thousands of acres of
wi(le-s[)reading, alluvial dykes, reclaimed
from the " turbulent tides " in the first
instance by the hands of the industrious
I'rench, great orchards where some of
the finest fruit in the world is grown,
highly cultivated, fertile farms, and hand-
Annapolis Basin, from the old Fort.
peninsula, but the tragic expulsion of the some homesteads. It is nearly a century
.•\cadians, to the ntmiber of six or seven and a h.ilf since the .\cadians left their
thousand, was effecteil at four points, wooded upland farms and wide, smooth
THE ACADIAX PROVIXCE-nV-THESEA.
\n
dykf-lands, but there are still many traces
oi" these unhap])y people to he seen in
slight excavations that were on, ami the luxuriant tim-
ber woods, that had before been owned
by the Acadians. In this empty ])rov-
ince they built themselves new homes
and founded a new commonwealth, which
in the fierce strife that in less than two
The Main Building of Acadia College, Wolfu'le.
The Windsor and Annapolis train,
which runs from Annapolis to HaliHix, in
its course whirls the traveller through
several other interesting towns — Bridge-
town, Kentville, Wolfville, the seat of
Acadia College, with its beautiful view
across the liasin of Minas, and Windsor
itself. Most of the older inhabitants of
these places and of the country about
them are descendants of the New Kng-
landers who settled the depopulated Aca-
dian lands in 1760. The expulsion of
the French in 1755 leaving the greater
])art of the province without a European
inhabitant, the government issued a pro-
clamation throughout New England invit-
decades afterward broke out on the
American ( ontinent, generally ke]it loyal
to the king. Theirs was a golden o])-
portunity and they did not neglect it.
" riicy came a>i laiiK- the I lt.'l)rc\vs into tliuir
jiriiniiseil land,
\ot as t(i will! New Kni,'lan(rs shores came (irst
the rilgiini l)an(l;
The Minas tields were fruitful, and the das-
pereau had honie
To seaward many a vessel with its freight of yel-
low corn.'"
In a short time they had repaired the
dykes, planted crops, reaped rich har-
vests, and become the owners of broad
and valuable estates. New Ix)ndon,
^Connecticut, and Newport, Rhode Island,
i(;4
Till': . I ( '. // V. /.\' J'J^O I IM •/;-// 1 -THESE A,
Sati Slick's House, Windsor,
wi-ro tlic two New l'.iii,;laii(l ports ,it
whiili tlu-sf rilurims tor thf land ot
i'lvaiigrlinc ( hinlv rnili.irktil, .iiid oiu'
can lianlly fiiiil a name in ctTtain towns
aloni,' tlu' ( 'onni'i'ti( ut shore ot' lon^
Island Sound, on Narraijansctt Hay, or in
parts ol' Massacinisitts, whirh is not still
wi'U rcprrsi-niL-d in Nova Scotia.
Those people were not simply the first
land owners, but the chief iiuhlie officials
and rejiresentatives to the legislature, and
nu'nibers of the le,irne(l professions ^^i
the various counties of Nova S(()tia in
which they settled. The C'hipinans,
('o,U>wells, henisons, I leW'olfs, I'latons,
I lalihurtons, l'e( ks, Rands, Katchfords,
Starrs, WillouL^hhys, and others, who have
always been prominent in New laigland,
have been in inanv instances still more
prominent in the .Vcadian l'rovinced)y-
the-Sea. jiid,i,'e i laliburton, better known
as •' Sam Slick," who died a member of
tlu' Itritish House of Commons, one of
the most noted literary men the jiritish
.\merican C"olonies have prodiuwl, and
who is now represented in l'ai<,dand by
his son. Sir .Arthur Ilaliburton, was de-
scended from the Massachusetts Hersevs
The Parlianneit Building, Halifa«.
/•///'.• . / ( wni. i.v /%•( ) / 7.V( v'-// ; •_ rifii-si:. i.
16A
aiul ( )tisi's. I iu' (.'xclusivi' mk i.il life of
Sak-iii and rortsinniilli lon^' had its (out)
tiTpart in that <>{' thi'M' old \{>\a Sidtia
towns. I lun- was \\u[ one (if lluiu
\Thi( h did not have its htth- ariMtocrac y
of < ouiiliv s(iuirrs and landowntr^ and
lawy<'rs and jndms, aliout wlmin as a
brilliant (cntri- the social lik' ot'tlu' town-
ship or llu' county revolved. I'lic iiilhix
of r»)ry blood and ( iilturr into tlu- six ictv
cf the proviiK (■ between 1770 and 17S,;
ii in great part a( (otnilable for the
hlronj.;ly Ihitish and intensely aristoi ratic
fcfling which always in old times ]iri-
vaik'd ; l)nt no one < an ki;ow the (ondi-
tions of life in Nova Scotia without ficling'
that even rnritanisni, under nionanhical
in \\ ind-or it-.eh', thai nowhere out nf
London (diild ^.ueli l; 1 so< iety bi-
found. It^ (ine iilil est.ites liore l.nj,'lish-
Noundiui; n.inicN like Martoek, Clifton.
ane>i that iiestlid
m the thick grovt •> of elm nr 0.1k on tlu-M-
plant, iti(Uis. Mere, amoiit,' others, long
lived proud old Mith.iel i'r.iiic klvn, a
Well known lieuteii int goMTUiu, ami iIk'
genial Sam >li( k of judi( ial and literary
(an)e. In thoM' days W indsor was Nova
S( (Ilia's soli- um\er>il\ town, and this, of
course, gave it additional imji'irtanc c at
home and abroad. .\s iias bei'ii said, it
was the seat of King's Collegi', an insti-
A Bit of The Dockyard, Halihx,
institutions and not, as in New lingland,
separated from the influence of the mother
country, is in some ways very different
from Turitanism under a republic and in
democratic environment. Perhaps the
most important of these Nova Scotia
towns was Windsor, the seat of King's
College, the oldest Colonial college of
the Piritish empire. Its early T)opulation
was a mixture of New England, Scotch and
Irish people, and retired English officers,
and it was commonly conceded, at least
.ovalist clergymen in
tution planned l)y
New \'ork, ami aided through many years
of its histor\ l)y the Kritish govt-rnment,
which ho]ied by its means to keep alive in
the colonists a s])irit of loyalty to the Mo-
ther Land. King's was founded in i 7()o,
shortly after Nova Scotia was erected
into a See, and I )r. Charles Inglis, formerly
of Trinity Church, New ^'ork, was made
its first bishop. To its halls came many
young men destined to greatness, such as
Mnjor-Cleneral Sir John Kardley Wilmot
T
166
THE A CADI AN PR O J INCE-P ) '- THESE A.
Inglis, K. C. 1)., lioro of Lucknuw ; Major-
Cioneral Sir In-nwick \Mllianis, hero of
Kars ; and Major Aii>,'usHis Wclsford, who
fell at tiic Redan. Its earlii'st jfovernors
were Sir John Wentworth, iSart., Hishop
Charles Inglis, Cliiof justice Sampson
Salter Mlowers, Alexamler Croke, Jndi^H'
of the Court of \iie-.\dniiralty ; Richard
John I'niacke. Sjitaker of the House of
Assembly and Altorney-Ceneral ; James
the choir, opposite the chancel, was a
veritable relic of Nova Scotia's old Colo-
nial (lays.
I'he Loyalist emigration is an event as
iini(iue in history as the expulsion of the
Acadians antl the a])propriation of their
lands. Monarchical countries have fre-
(luently become rei)ul)lics, and always to
the sorrow and disgust of a ]X)rtion of
their inhabitants ; but where, excejjt in
Cid St. Paul's, Halifax.
Stewart, Solicitor-Cicneral ; and Henning
Wentworth, Secretary of t!ie Province.
Its enc( enia every year was relatively as
much of an event as Harvard Class and
('ommencement Days are in Massachu-
setts, the governor, the bishoj), and other
high officials, with usually some titled
men and handsome women, coming from
Halifax and other towns to grace the
event. The ancient parish church of
Windsor, lately burned, with its (piaint,
high pulpit and scpiare pews, and the
British arms consi)icuously attached to
America, has it ever hai)pened that such a
change lias driven thousands upon thous-
ands of the most inlluential inhabitants
entirely away? Not only Nova Scotia
but Cpjier Canada received among its
original ])opulation great numl)ers of the
staunch Tories of New I'lngland and the
Middle States ; and that large unsettled
tract of Acadian country since known as
New llrunswick owes its existence as a
separate ]irovince to the W'ar of the Rev-
olution and the fierce legislation of
violent American Whigs.
I
TJIE ACADIAN PROVINCE-BY-rHK-SFA.
1G7
In the Halifan Public Gardens.
When the l.oyahsts came to Nova
Scotia many of them naturally chose
Halifax as their place of residence, but
there are other towns in the rrovince
(hat l)egan in Revolutionary times. The
laces is Shelburne, on
the southern coast, now for thri'e-ijuarlers
of a century a (luiet, unprogressive vil-
lage with a few hundred inhabitants, l)ut
in the l)e,L,nnning an ambitious town,
dreaming of future greatness and laying
its jilans to supplant Ilalifa.x as the (a]ii-
tal city.
It was planned and l)uilt by New \'ork
Loyalists, on the reconnnendation, in the
first instance, of Caiitain (iideon White,
a young man from Plymouth, Massachu-
setts, who before the war was over went
through the pleasant exjjerience of being
hung by the waist to the liberty-pole of
his native town. In .\])ril, i7S^^, plan^
having all been made, a fleet of New
York ships containing nearly five hundri'd
Jieople, with the well known ISeverly Rob-
inson at their head, set sail for the far off
coast of .Acadia. .Arriving at Shell)urne,
then called Port Roseway, or Kiizcir, they
at once began to plan their town, and
soon tiuy had laid out five paralli-l streets,
sixty feet wide, intersi'cted liv otiurs at
right angles, c\ery s(|ii:in' thus made c(m-
taiuing >ixtiH'n lots, sixty feet in width
and a iuiuilrcd and twi'Uty in de]ith. .At
eacli I'Uil of the town they K-t"t a large
reservation tor a common, wiiich the en-
gineers, with the assistance' of the fatigue
parties, rajiidly cleared. A litlJt' later tiie
town was divided into north and south,
the streets were named, at. 1 every settler
was given fifty acres on cu h side of the
harbor, besides a town and water lot.
Then new settlers began to arrive, until
soon after tlu' evacuation of New \'ork,
the population ranged somewhere be-
tween ten and tweiUy thousand. In
17.S6, says an historian, "Shelburne was
a gay and lively ])lace. Mverv holiday or
aimiversary was loyally kept and mirth-
fully I'lijoyed. On St. .Andrew's day, De-
cember 11,1 7.S6, the St. .Andrew's Society
gave an elegant l)all at the Merchants'
("offee House to the ladies and gt-ntlemen
of Shelburne. The ball room was
crowded on the occasion, and the hours
of the night jiassed away in the most
pleasing manner." In the town were
108
TIJE ACADIAX PROVINCE-BY-THE-SEA.
-7-p,»i V ■•*
Sketches in Halifax.
quartcToil r.ritish troops, and in the har-
bor llritish war ships gayly tlew their
flags. From the high character of the
]ieo])le who comjioseil the new settlement,
it naturally attracted attention in distin-
guished quarters, and it soon had visits
from notable — even royal — jiersonages,
{Governor I'arr, Sir John Wentworth, Sir
Charles Douglas, and I'rince U'ilHam
Menry, afterwards King William Fourth,
deigning to visit it and give it the
sanction of their smiles. .Among the old
New York families rej)resente(l in the
Province at this time were those of
Auchmuty, IJarclay, Baxter, IJayard,
lleardsley, Hetts, DeLancey, Ditmars,
Fowler, Horsfieid, Inglis, Livingston,
Merritt, Moore, Murray, Peters, Pine,
Rapalje, Remsen, Robinson, Sands,
'I'horne, Van Cortlandt, Watson, Weeks,
Wiggins, Wilkins, Willett and Wilmot.
Among the Massachusetts families of
repute were those of liarnard, lleaman,
Ulanchard, l>liss, lilowers, Ilrattle, lirinley,
Brymer, Courtney, Cunningham, C'utler,
Danforth, DeBlois, Dunbar, (larrison,
Gore, Gray, Green, Greenwood, Hill,
Howe, Hutchinson, Jones, Kent, Leslie,
Loring, ALnot, Perkins, Ritchie, Robie,
Kuggles, Sargent, White and Willard.
Among the New Jersey families were
those of niauvelt, Crowell, Hartshorne,
r,awrence, Milledge, Odell, Van P.uskirk,
and Van Xorden. ( )f I'ennsylvania fami-
lies were the 1 Sutlers, iJissetts, Hoggs',
Cunards, Lenoxs' and Marchingtons. Of
Rhode Island were the Brentons, Chalo-
ners. Coles', Halliburtons and Hazards.
Of ALxine were the Gardiners, of New
Hampshire the Wentworths, of \'irginia
the Penedicts, JUistins, Coulbournes,
I )onaldsons. Sears', Saunders' and
Wallaces ; of North Carolina the Fan-
nings, and of Maryland the Hensleys.
In all, the number of Tories who sought
refuge for a longer or shorter time in
Nova Scotia could not have been much
less than thirty-five thousand, and many
of these, either in the jieninsula or the
newly formed Province of New Brunswick,
spent their remaining years. In the
older colonies from which they came
many of them had been members of
council, clergymen of note, and practis-
THE ACADIAN PROVING E-BY-TIIE-SE A.
ICli
ing lawyers and physicians, anil to their
new spheres these men brought the same
ability they had siiown in the ])ast. 'Thus
it was, in part, that for many years the
Nova Scotia and New iirunswick legisla-
tures and judiciaries were filled with un-
usually able and brilliant men.
Whatever of interest commonly belongs
to an imi)()rtant ilritish naval and military
])ost is found in Halifax. Hegimiing as a
naval and military station long before
Itritish rule in India was established ;
f(jun(led ten years before (^)uebec was
taken by the gallant Wolfe, anil nine
years before the final ca])ture of I.ouis-
l)urg, it soon became one of ]",ngland's
chief Colonial ports. To-day it is the
only station on the North American con-
tinent to which troojis are directly sent,
and which the ironclads of her great
navy much freuke of Kent's
time, Prince William Henry, afterwards
King William I\'., as already intimated,
came twice here, both times \\\ command
of ships of war. In Sir John Wentworth's
day, Halifax had a visit of some length
frt)m the Duke of ( )rleans, afterwards
King Louis I'hilijipe, and his two broth-
ers, the Due de Mont])ensicr and C'oimt
Beaujolie, and these were the precursors
of a long line of royal and high titled
visitcjrs, not a few of whom have taken
back to the mother country as their
wives fair Nova Scotian girls. The mili-
tary force of Halifax to-tlay consists of
one regiment, and a force of Engineers
and Artillery about equal to a regiment,
which are distributed throughout the
citadel in town, and the various shore
batteries in the harbor, — the forts on
McNab's and (leorge's islands, and Point
Pleasant; I'ort Clarence on the Dart-
mouth side of the harbor, and York Re-
doubt, far out in the bay. Until a few
years ago two regiments were always
stationed here ; but because Kgyi)t and
Ireland needed more troops, and the dan-
ger of attack here seemed comparatively
I
172
THE ACADIAN FR0V1NCE-BY~TJIE-SEA.
'- *Ti*j»^.'— — —
h^^/jM-
^Ka . . ^t!XBE^eE£9V=
Cape Blomidon.
little, one was finally withdrawn. ISesidcs
these forces, there is in Halifax a corps
of submarine en'^'ineers especially trained
1)V imperial o.ncers for manning the
harl)or defences. The regiments sent to
Halifax are almost always among the best
in the service. \\'hat Haligonian will
ever forget the stalwart fellows of the
y.Sth Highlanders, when this regiment
was in Halifax a few years ago? A fine
sight its men ])resented in their tartans
and bonnets as they marched in scjuads
from barrack to citadel, or from fort to
fort, or turned out for general parade.
Soon after, the 6oth Royal Rilles, one of
the two regiments socially highest in the
service, whose officers are nearly all tilled
men, was also stationed here.
Between the Army and Navy and the
families of the rich civilians — for the
city a few years ago was said to have
more wealth in projiortion to its si/e than
any city on the continent — social life in
Halifax, as in most garrison towns, has
always been varied and gay. t'ozzens
wrote of it nearly half a century ago :
" l",VL'rvtliin^ licrc is sugf^cstivc of iniiiciidini,'
hostilities; war in Inirnishi-'d trnnpiii^'s iiK-uts you
at tlic street corners, ami the air vibrates from
time ti> time with bugles, lifes, and drums. liut,
oh I what a slow jilaee it is I lOven two Crimean
rei^iments with medals and decorations could not
wake it up."
iff''"' Itii^'
Site of the 0!d Grand Pre Church.
I
/OJLX JiA'OirX.
17;?
Quiiint, qiiiot, c;isy-};oini', ll.ilif.ix, slio lias
not gainoil umch in monuiituin, ouc is
foivi-tl to s.iy, sinco (\v/cns' time. Tlio
stalwart n-ginu-nts still toino aiul ^o,
tlu'ir glittoiin^' uniforms aihlinj; rich color
to tlio otlicrwiso coUl graynoss of the
irregular streets of tlie oKl Acadian capi-
tal ; the bugle call is still hcanl, night
anil morning, from tlic gales of the cita-
del ; the sunrise aiul sunset gun still
boom on the silent air ; ships laden with
valuable West Indian cargoes still float
proudly up past C'icorge's Island and
anchor, to the nuisic of the lapping tide,
beside the slimy wharves ; but the city's
permanent population and her wealth in-
crease but slowly, ami she chaiiges little
in her general aspect from year to year.
Halifax, however, aboimds in v.ell-bred
hospitality, anil once caught in her little
social whirl, admitted to the homes and
hearts of the native llali^onians, the
visitor will surely find little to censure-
and much to love even in the sluggish
Kngli>h humors of the chief city ami its
people of the Acadian I'rovince-by-the-Sea.
JOHN BROWN.
By U'il/iiim Jlcibert CaniitJi.
HAD he been made of such jioor clay as we, —
Who, when we feel a little fire aglow
'Gainst wrong within us, dare not let it grow.
But crouch and hide it, lest the scorner see
And sneer, yet bask our self-complacency
In that faint warmth, — had he been fashioned so.
The Nation ne'er had come to that birth-throe
That gave the world a new Humanity.
He was no mere professor of the word —
His life a mockery of his creed ; — he made
No discount on the Ciolden Rule, but heard
Above the senate's brawls and din of trade
Ever the clank of chains, until he stirred
The Nation's heart by that immortal raid.