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'J' i l" 'l!l ''"l l ll'.--UJJ^lMll*,lM i !.l ' JUj i Nu^j^j i j i, 
 
 DESeRI PTIOSH 
 
 or TS{K 
 
 TOWISKffMllflllTII-lffjrTEIililTOls' 
 
 DOMINION OF CAJSSA.DA.. 
 
 HKTWBEN THE SHOOKD AMD IHIBD IHITUI, wmOmS. 
 
 PoMJtSaBD OWDBB KBB AtJ!I«|0miTT 
 OF TfiM 
 
 Hon. TH O M A 3 W i. I T E , 
 
 COMPILED AND ABHAN»«© mou THE FIELD ROim 
 FLANS AND ElPOBiB 0^ TBB SUftVBYOm 
 
 mmrhP by ifAoUSAN boobb & oo., wBmirGKroN street. 
 
 S^ 
 
 -L-L 
 
DESCRIPTIOIS^S 
 
 / 
 
 or TUB 
 
 TOWilSHIPSOfTIIEII(lRTI|.MSTTEIiBiraiES 
 
 DOMINIO]>^ OF C^]SrA.D^.« 
 
 :li 
 
 BETWEEN THE SECOND AND THIRD INITIAL MERIDIANS. 
 
 Published under xhe Authority 
 
 or THE 
 
 Hon. THOMAS ^A^HITE, 
 
 MlNISTBR OF THE INTERIOR. 
 
 COMPILED AND ARRANGED FROM THE FIELD NOTES, 
 PLANS AND REPORTS OF THE SURVEYORS. 
 
 OTTAWA: 
 PRINTED BY MaoLEAN ROGER & CO., WELLINGTON STREET. 
 
 1886. 
 
r^ 
 
 i i _.' 
 
 I/./ 
 
 
NOTICE. 
 
 The following descriptions of townships hare been pre- ^ 
 pared from the plans, field notes and reports of surveyors. 
 
 Each description has been kept separate from the others, 
 the name of the surveyor and the date of the survey being 
 l^ven in each case. 
 
 Sometimes surveyors differ in their appreciation of the 
 Talue of the land : by the system adopted, the reader will 
 l>e placed in possession of the different opinions expressed 
 as to the character of the soil. 
 
 Tie mode of survey consists in laying out first the exterior 
 boundaries or outlines of the township and then proceeding 
 ^th the sub-division ; the same order has been followed in 
 the descriptions. 
 
 The townships, in this book,' are placed in ranges, tlie 
 number of the range being at the top of the page and the 
 number of the township in heavy figures on the left side. 
 
 1 
 
I 
 
a 
 
 3. 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Banoe I. 
 
 0»«ii««,,-North and west— rolling prairie, with a black gravellF 
 loam soil : class 1. There is a larpe marsh in the west of Sectioi 
 »1, and small ones occur on nearly every section, but the land is 
 generally dry and there is no wood.— -T. 8. Gore 1881 
 
 1 o ,f *** is undulating and broken, and the 'south' is rolling • 
 class 2 all round Water is scarce, generally. There is a oreik 
 on Section 4. There is no wood.— PT. Pearce. 1880 
 
 «.^iJ!!*"''?i!'"'''**-T^'''^''^^?''? P"'^"^' ^'<>ke» W occasional 
 wvmes. The soil generally is good, although stoiy in places. 
 Water is abundant and good.— Sinclair and Francis^ IhSl. 
 Oi«</. je,.-North and east-generally all rolling prairie, w!th a fair, 
 c*asB 2 soil. The Souris Kiver crosses the north of the township by a 
 circuitous route and along its course there are numbers ot ravines 
 entering the valley. In several places along the river there are 
 elm and maple trees, and in some of the adjoining ravines there 
 w small poplar. The width of the river is about 86 yards. Across 
 ^ction 84 there flows a creek, fringed with poplar and willow.— 
 IV. Pearce, 1880. 
 
 The country along the west line is mostly rolling prairie, 
 with a black gravelly loam soil; class 1. Section 80; how- 
 ever, lies withm the valley of the Souris River, which is over a 
 mile m width and wooded along the bottom with maple, oak. 
 poplar and elm. The stream varies from 50 to 100 feet wide. 
 lUe portion of Section 19 adjoining the river valley has also a 
 broken surface, and, together with Section 80, rates class 2.-3! 8. 
 Gore, 1881. ' 
 
 Sub-division.— ThiB township is composed of prairie, with a 
 good many hay meadows, and is suitable for agriculture, especially 
 m the southern portion. The north-western and north-eaPtern 
 comers of the township are somewhat broken by the River Souris 
 ^d by ravines running from it. The soil is a light clay loam. 
 Water is plentiful and grass very luxuriant. There is a fair 
 supply of wood fit for fuel along the river.— A. L. Poudrier, 1881. 
 Oit//e«es.—The north is prairie, with a few small marshes. Soil a 
 good black loam. No wood. The west is rolling and undulating As 
 far south as the middle of Section 18 the land rates class 2, the soil 
 being chiefly gravelly loam, but on Section 31 il is clay loam with a 
 gravelly subsoil. Small marshes occur at intervals along this por- 
 tion oi the line. The balance of the land is stony, dry, and rates 
 class 3. The south is generallyrollingprairie, class 3. Toward the 
 
 v^J V*a^ ^^^ ^*°^y- '^^® ^^^"^ ^^^^^ ^« crossed on the west 
 halt ot Section 1, flowing south, and again near the east limit of 
 4, flowing north ; its average width is 60 yards, and the banks 
 are wooded with oak, ash, elm and poplar.— T. S. Gore, lb81. 
 1* 
 
Jbwnthipt Wt$t cf Beeond Initial Meridim.—JUmgw L 
 
 «. 
 
 Bast— undulating priirie, class 2, with many gravel ridges 
 and hay swamps. — W. Pearce, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — For the most r<ftrt gently-rolling prairie, mxuh 
 broken on the south by ravineb l 1 the Soaris River, the ban^s 
 of which are timboied in patches. The land in the north is mndh. 
 broken with marshi^s containing deep water. Sandy and gravelly 
 soil ; unitbrmly rated third class. — /. .4. Carbert, 1881. 
 
 , Outlines. — ID orth— undulating prairie, with numerous small ponds 
 and marshes. Soil, a brownish clay loam, over oky. Gxceptinip 
 the eastern half of Section 86 and the western parts of 84 imd 
 81, which rate class 2, the land is all class 1. On the portion of 
 36 aforesaid is a creek 6 feet wide flowing south — /. McLatchie, 
 1881. 
 
 West — rolling prairie, With numerous small marshes and a 
 dark gravelly loam soil. The land rates class 2, exceptini^ the 
 northern portions of 6, 7, 18 and f 0, of which the last is class 8 
 and the rest class 1. — T. 8. Oore, 1881. 
 
 East — undulating prairie with some gr<*.vel ridges and hay 
 swamps. The land rates class 2. There is no v/ood. — W. Pearce^ 
 1880. 
 
 Sub-diviiioH. — Open prairie, with clay 8<il ; broken by 
 gravelly knolls and^ a number of sloughs and pondholes. — P. 
 
 Burnet, 1881 
 
 I 
 
 Outline*. — Rolling prairie, with numerous grassy marahes and 
 ponds. The soil is a dark loam, mixed in x'laces with gravel, and 
 is well adapted to the growth of cereals. South Antler Greek 
 courses, north to south, along the centre of the township, and is a 
 beautiful stream of clear water, about 7 yards wide and 2 feet 
 deep. The north-west corner is crossed by Moose Mountain 
 Greek, which is 85 yards wide and flows south in a low valley 
 about a mile wide ; water excellent. Near by is an old cart trail 
 from Fort Ellice. The land rates class 1 to the end of this section, 
 and from thence it is chiefly rolling prairie, with a good soil, and 
 rates classes 1 and 2, until the South Antler Greek is reached. 
 East of this is undulating prairie ; soil, clay loam ; class 1. Hay 
 marshes and wet meadows occur at intervals all along the line. 
 There is a large welt marsh oti Section 82. West it is rolling 
 prairie, with many small meadows and marshes. Soil, a rich 
 dark clay loam, claos I. — T. Fatocett, 1881. 
 
 East — rolling, level and undulating prairie, class 2 through- 
 out. Hay swamps occur on every section, except 12. Tnere is no 
 wood.— W. Pearce, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Prairie sufficiently undulating for drainage; 
 capital soil and abundance of good water from Moose Mountain 
 Grec^, which runs through the township.-—-/. Warren, 1881. 
 
 Outlines. — For the first 8 miles, going west, on the north line, the 
 land consists of rolling prairie, with a good soil, a little stony in 
 places ; class 1. Section 38 is crossed by South Antler Greek, and 
 rates class 2. This stream averages 20 feet in width, 3 feet in 
 depth, and flows south through the township. It is a beautiful 
 
•T. 
 
 8. 
 
 7bw%sktpi Weit of Second iuUiat Mtridiam.- Ramgr I. 5 
 
 Ia^^ S^T..'^**®i Oa Sections 82 and 81 the laud raU« 
 t^Z ThJ;.?^ ""^ ^*"» '•'^i^?*' m-^nlating and broken 
 E, Th«t, »"■ ■^*'^'' \" ""'""^ by «r ^M ^t trail from Fort 
 fli-!^\ M ^ '^ many w^t meadow.. J , tu west lino for th<i 
 firsc 4 lailea. going south, the surface \ roUiug and undulating 
 pra.ne with a derTc. loamy .oil ; olaw » . From tlienoe it is mo^S^ 
 Ie.8 broken by the valley of Moose Mountain Creek, wluch.t^im 
 
 ward throngh Section 1. its width being 85 yards where the lino 
 cl^"?! InA^ w^ *"" f «»>^'^r« «f firra^«l. and the land r .es 
 19 and 80, No wood— T. Fawcblt, 1S81. 
 
 Bast -rolling prairie, with numerous gravelly ridges and hay 
 swamps : class 2. No wood.— W. Pearce, 1880. »"" ^^ ^ '^aj 
 
 Sub-division —All open prairie, except some small patches 
 
 Th?r?? "^^^ ''^'''' P°Pl*f ««'•«»>• A few large iwnds : wateV^jod. 
 There s some very good hay land. Soil-4lay and sandy tSam 
 
 ^e!sl-l ao^K^^'^mt '""^ ''°'' ^''^''''^*' gravol ; Second 
 Outlines — The surface, as seen from the outlines, is all rollinjr 
 praine, with numerous large ponda. Thy land rates either classed 
 ^ or 2, as follows: The three western sections on the north 
 boundary rate class 1 and the remaining three class 2. The line 
 18 twice crossed by a creek of gor v w*ter flowing south, on the 
 central parts of Sections 81 and 11 • respectively. On the former 
 the stream is 12 feet wide, 1 foot deep, and has a current of about 
 i of a mile per hour ; on the latter the vsddth is 16 feet, depth U 
 feet, current li miles per hour. Two or more large ponds occur 
 on every section, ercepting 8i and 84. Along the west there is 
 au excellent soil, class 1 throughout. On Section 19 is a creek of 
 good water, 10 feet wide, I J feet deep, current I mile an hour 
 t^n I^C^W^^^ crossed on Section 81 and two more on Sec- 
 Sub-divisif,n.-^Banmg and level prairie, well watered by 
 
 wir^riX'^""- '''^ "^ '^ ^ ^°^' ^^^' ^^y 
 
 Oi^Z«ii««.-North-audulating p-airie, with a good farming soU, 
 and having scattered bluffs of poplar and a number of good hay 
 marshes. A number of fine rivulets run across the line. On the 
 tops of the elevations the soil is mixed with gravel and sur- 
 mounted with some scattered boulders. The rating is class 2 
 Ihe line is crossed by a creek in Section 32 and by another in 84* 
 Ooth creeks flow south, and are about 6 feet wide and 18 inches 
 
 ^,®? Ao^^'" ^^^^ ^^ »^^ *^^ <^^ear, and current rapid.— O. / 
 Atotz, 1881. 
 
 West— rolling prairie, with numerous krge ponds. The laud 
 18 all class 1 except the north half of Section 18 and the south 
 part of 19, which rate class 2. Near the southern limit of El i-=. a 
 small creek of good water, flowing east. Eai.^-roLmg praine 
 with numerous large ponds . class 2. An old cart tr^il crosses 
 Seotuni 12. No wood.— J. E. Wolff, 1881 
 1}* 
 
ThwHship* Weti r/ Second Tmtial Meridian —Rangt I. 
 
 i1! 
 
 Sub-division. — Boiling praiiie, covered with spear grass. The 
 soil is a sandy loam. There are a few bluffs of willows and small 
 I)oplars, and occasional creeks and ponds. — /. Stewart, 16S1. 
 
 9. Outlines. — Along the north boundary it is low, wet prairie, with 
 hay swamps and clumps of small poplar and willows. The soil 
 is a fair sandy loam, class 2, except in the centre where it is poor 
 and light, and in the west where it is gravelly. The "Wood Moun- 
 tain cart trail crosses Section 88. The east half of the township 
 is fair sandy loam, with a olay subsoil in places. The west half 
 is broken by marshes and small ponds, with poplar blnflfe. Soil, 
 sandy.— JffiVner Hart, 1881. 
 
 East — rolling prairie, with stony ridges and frequent x>onds 
 of water ; timber burnt ; soil, a sandy loam, light in places, and 
 generally class 2— A. C. Webb, 1819. 
 
 South — good farming country ; with a number of hay marshes ; 
 some scattered poplar and a few fresh water streams flowing 
 south.— O. J. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Undulating prairie. liarge timber was found 
 only on Sections 80 and 81. In the rest of the west half there are 
 numerous blufis of poplars, in the east half none of any conse- 
 quence. There are two fresh streams, supplied by surface water, 
 in the north-west portion of the township ; but the water found 
 in ponds tvas p|Utrid. i The land, which is desirable for settlement, 
 is not stony, although there is to be found some limestone, which 
 produces, when burnt, a good quality of lime. The soil is very 
 good, being a loam, with a clay subsoil ; uniformly first class. — 
 Jas. A. Macmillan, 1881. 
 
 BO. Outlines. — North — "White Bear Creek, a fine rapid-running stream, 
 crosses the north- west. Soil, gravelly in the east and a fair sandy 
 loam in the west, averages class 2 all round. The surface is 
 slightly undulating, with small clumps of poplar and some grass 
 swamps. Generally, the east half of the township is rolling 
 prairie. The soil is a fair sandy loam, on a clay subsoil in places. 
 The west b-^lf is broken by ponds and marshes and scattered with 
 poplar bluhs. The soil is sandy. — M. Hart, 1881. 
 
 East— undulating prairie ; frequent pools of water ; soil, a 
 light sandy loam ; class 2. — A. C. Webb, 18*79. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, broken by small ridges, poplars 
 and willow bluffs. Over one-third is marshy and, with the ex- 
 ception of Sections ft, 6, T, 8, 17 and 18, only suitable for grazing, for 
 which it would do splendidly. There is plenty of small poplar 
 suitable for fencing and, in the south-west comer some of large 
 growth. The soil is sandy, in some places having a clay 8tu>- 
 soil ; chiefly second and third class -L. O. Garon, 1881. 
 
 IJL. Outlines. — North-east and west-*- the north-eastern portion is 
 densely wooded with poplar and scrub, among which there is a 
 quantity of large timber suitable for building. This bush extends 
 westward for about 8 miles and southward as far as the south 
 branch of the Pipestone Creek, which crosses Section 13, flowing 
 north-east. There is an excellent mill site near this point. The 
 
rairie, with 
 3. The soil 
 re it is poor 
 ITood Monn- 
 e township 
 e west half 
 Infis. Soil, 
 
 [tient x>onds 
 places, and 
 
 ly marshes ; 
 ms flowing 
 
 was found 
 ilf there are 
 ' any conse- 
 rface water, 
 ;^ateT found 
 settlement, 
 tone, which 
 
 soil is very 
 irst class. — 
 
 ling stream, 
 a fair sandy 
 surface is 
 some grass 
 > is rolling 
 il in places, 
 ittered with 
 
 iter; soil, a 
 
 ges, poplars 
 ith the ex- 
 grazing, for 
 mall poplar 
 me of large 
 a clay 8m>- 
 31. 
 
 portion is 
 there is a 
 ush extends 
 ts the south 
 13, flowing 
 point. The 
 
 7}/wnitMp$ West of Second Initial Meridian.— Ra^tfre I. 7 
 
 balance of the township consists of rolling piairie, with a few 
 poplar bluffs. The soil is first-class. The western part is well 
 watered by ponds and creeks. A fine stream of good fresh water 
 about 2 feet deep, flows south-easterly across Section 18. '' The 
 land is well adapted either to farming or grazing.— J. Q. Sing, 1881. 
 East— rolling land, occasional swamps ; heavy poplar' bush 
 and scrub ; soil, a sandy loam ; class 1. Pipestone Craek crosses 
 Sections 12 and 13 ; good water, but very shallow.— il. C. Webb, 
 1879. 
 
 Sub-division.— UoWing prairie, of dark clay loam There is a 
 good deal of marsh land, which could be easily drained ; sufficient 
 timber for the requirement of settlers ; well adapted for cattle- 
 raismg.— J«o. McAree, 1881. 
 
 12. Out/ines.—The north is rolling prairie ; first class land ; excellent 
 tor farming or grazing purposes ; soil a ci 7 loam with some sand. 
 J^requent bluffs of poplar and scrub along an interval of about 3 
 miles, extending westward from the middle of Section 36. Ponds 
 and marshes occur all along the line. Along the east line there 
 are stony ridges and ravines, occasional swamps, thick willow 
 and poplar scrub, and dead, fallen and burnt trees. Soil, a liffht 
 sandy loam; class 2.-^1. C. Webb, 1879. 
 
 West, east and south— in the south-eastern portion of this 
 ship IS solid poplar woods and dense scrub. The balance is 
 rolling prairie, with an excellent soil, consisting of 6 to 24 inches 
 of rich black mould on a subsoil of clay or sandy loam. Well 
 watered by ponds and creeks. Admirably adapted to farmine or 
 grazing.—/. G. Sing, 1881. ** 
 
 Sub-division.— Ghiea.Y rolling prairie, there being only a few 
 small groves of poplar and some patches of fallen and standinir 
 dead timber. On Sections 16 and 17 is a lake with brackish 
 water ; but the ponds and marshes generally have good fresh 
 water. Soil, a rich clay loam, mixed with limestone gravel in 
 places ; chiefly first class. There are some granite boulders, mseftU 
 for building purposes.—^. C. Caddy, 1881. / 
 
 18. Outlines.— Yiom the outlines of the township, it appears generally 
 to be gently-rolling prairie, with numerous clumps of small pop- 
 lar and dense willow, especially along the Pipestone Creek, which 
 runs through a valley from one-quarter to one-half a mile in 
 width and 100 to l-iO feet deep, and is crossed by the north 
 boundary on Section 33, and by the east line on 86. The creek is 
 about 6 feet deep and the water is fresh. The bush is of larger 
 growth on the south bank than elsewhere, being about 6 inches 
 in diameter. The soil is a good, dark, sandy loam, and in some 
 parts a clay loam mixed with gravel, both lying on a subsoil of 
 clay. Smaa ponds and marshes are numerous. The boundaries 
 at Sections 13 and 80 are each crossed by a creek flowing south- 
 east. The east has a clay lorm soil, class 2, in the south half, and 
 - -.vti j.-ia-oxL iuaiii lu ixiu liorin naii, tne iatter puiiiou being- 
 covered with small patches of poplar and willow scrub.— il. F. 
 Cotton, l-t81. 
 
 1.1 
 
 ^>'i' i 
 fit 
 
 'I'mi 
 
S^ T^nshipi West m Second Initial Meridian. — Range I 
 
 iteast— rolling prairie in the north and hilly in the south, with • 
 Sequent blufis of scrub and swamps. Soil, a sandy loaxpi ; daeses 
 1 and 2. The north branch of Pipestone Creek crosses Section 26. 
 The water is cold and good, slow current and about 2 feet deep. 
 There is another good creek on Section 12, supposed to be Poplar 
 Eidge Creek.— il. C. Webb, 1879. 
 
 Sub-division. — The centre and easterly portions of this town- 
 ship are well adapted for farming purposes, being fine, level 
 {)rairie, having an average depth of 10 inches of alluvial soil, with 
 ight claj subsoil. Pipestone Creek runs through the north por- 
 tion, which is much broken in consequence. Another branch of 
 the same creek traverses the southern portion of the township and 
 the south bank thereof is timbered with poplar, suitable for build- 
 ing purposes. Some settlers were squatted in the townshi p at time 
 of survey. They had log houses built and some breaking 
 done.—/. J. Francis, 188i. 
 
 1*. Outlines. — North— all open, rolling prairie, with a good clay loa°* 
 soil ; all class 1. There are numerous ponds and marshes in th® 
 north-east.- il. C. Thomson, 1881. 
 
 The south-western portion of this township, which is 
 traversed by the Pipestone Creek, is chiefly woodland. The creek 
 enters on the north half of Section 7, and flows south-easterly 
 through a valley from one-quarter to one-half mile wide and 100 
 to 160 feet deep, passing out on the eastern half of P'^ction 4. It 
 contains good wa^er. Along it south bank the bush is of larger 
 size than elsewhere. On the east side of the township, and idong 
 the west boundary north of the Pipestone, the surface is gently- 
 rolling prairie, with occasional small ponds and marshes. There 
 is some wood on Section 1, a narrow belt of it on 24 and a few 
 small clumps on the south half of 18. The soil is a good, dark, 
 sandy loam, on a clay subsoil generally, but in the west there is 
 a large proportion of clay loam soil, which is class 2 in the south 
 hilf and claa* 1 in the north half. In the latter portion there ard 
 numerous small ponds and marshes. In the east the soil is, in 
 places, mixed with gvavel, and class 2. — A. F. Cotton, 1881. 
 
 East — rolling land, with swamps and occasional bluff's of 
 IJoplar and willow scrub. Soil, a light, sandy loam ; classes 1 and, 
 2.— il. C. Webb, 1879. 
 
 Svb-division. — Undulating prairie, traversed by Pipestone 
 Creek and a trail to Fort Ellice. The land is of fair quality, and 
 there is plenty of wood for fuel and fencing. There are a few 
 swamps —Alfred Hamel, 1881. 
 
 lO. Outlines. — Along the north the surface is rolling prairie, with a 
 good clay loam soil ; class 1. Eastwards there are numerous 
 ponds and marshes. The surface is all open and rolling, and the 
 soil is a good clay loam ; class 2. Along the west there is a good 
 clay loam soil ; all class 1. Sections Sti and 25 are somewhat 
 marshy.— 4. C. Thomson, 1881. 
 
 East — rolling land, with occasional gravel ridges ; sandy loam 
 soil ; classes I and 2. Bluffs of poplar and willow scrub. Scattered 
 swamps and poorer soil in south. — A. C. Webb, 1879. 
 
JVwnskips Wett of Second InittUt Me¥idfUn.—lbmge I. ^ 
 
 Sub-division.— 'RbUitg prairie ; patches of scrub, willow and 
 yoTug poplar ; a good deal of swamp. The soil is a sandy loam ; 
 it is considered well adapted for settlement.— BimtA»7Z and DaviSi, 
 1881. 
 
 1*. Outlines —North-— undulating country ; poplar bluffs ; willow 
 scrub and pond holes ; soil, class %—Wm. Pearc^, 1881 
 
 "West and east— rolling prairie ; all gocd clay, loam soil ; class 
 1 in the west and 2 in the east. Numerous ponds and mal'shes. 
 Some scattered poplar in the north-east.— ^1. C. Thomson, l88l. 
 
 East— rolling prairie ; sandy ioam soil ; class 1. Poplar and 
 willow scrub ; some marshes —il. C. Webb, 1879. 
 
 East— rolling prairie ; good land ; class 1. Scattered poplar 
 and willow scrub ; occasional small m ;hes. — A. L. Russell, 1876. 
 
 Sub-division. — The soil is very rich, but the surface somewhat 
 broken by ponds and water-holes. There is a small quantity of 
 building timber, but most of it is only good for fuel and fencing. 
 
 17. 
 
 with a sandy loam ; soil rated second 
 is a quantity of second growth poplar 
 
 ie. — O. u. 
 
 IS. 
 
 -iS. L. Brabazon, 1882 
 
 Outlines. — Surface level, 
 
 and third class. There _ _ ^ _, 
 
 from. 2 to 8 inches in diameter scattered over the prairie 
 Bi/ley, 1881. 
 
 West— rolling with patches of excellent land ; but there are 
 a great many willow and grass swamps ; scattered poplar binffs 
 and dense willow.— T. Kains, 1881. 
 
 East— prairie ; good land, all class 1 ; having a growth of pop- 
 lar and willow.— i4. L. Rvssell, 1876. 
 
 Sitb-division. — Qt)od farming land ; easily cleared ; superior 
 soil. — Dawson and Francis, 1881-82. 
 
 Om<««cs.— The Qu'Appelle River, about 90 feet wide, runs easterly 
 in the northern part in a valley about a mile wide. The banks 
 are about 300 feet high, the south bank being thickly wooded. 
 The bottom of the valley is open and level ; soil, sandy loam. 
 The balance of the township is sandy loam and has patches of 
 second growth poplar and willow. The surface generally is rolling, 
 but very much cut up by ravines, in which small fresh creeks flow 
 to the nver —Q. U. Ryley, 1881. 
 
 East— the northern two-thirds is in the Qu'Appelle Valley and 
 connecting ravines. The vnlley is about 460 feet and the river 
 about 6 feet deep. Soil, where not rough and on inclines, is good ; 
 class l.—A. L. Russell, 187ti. 
 
 Sub-division. — ^Traversed by the Qu'Appelle River, the north- 
 em valley of which contains some of the finest land in the coun- 
 try. South of the river the township is covered with scrub, together 
 with some timber large enough for building purposes -PT, Sr D. 
 Beatty, ISSl. 
 
 1*A. The north is prairie, partly covered with patches of poplar, wil- 
 low and^hazel scrub. Alluvial soil, a rich loam; subsoil, clay ; 
 class 1. eev^x'tti small creeks and sloughs. — W. T. Thompson, 1880. 
 West— rolling ; class 2. Scrub poplar and willow clumps ; 
 numerous small ponds and marshes. — T. Kains, 1881. 
 
1^ Totomhipi West of Second InUial Meridian.— Range I. 
 
 Sub-division.— Icxmie broken b small hay swamps and 
 poplar clumps.— TF. 4- D. Beattp, 1881. 
 
 !«. Ouaines.—mrth— Tolling prairie, clay and black loam soUs ; class 
 1. Scattered bluffs of poplar and willow. Surface water in fair 
 supply. Little Cut Arm Creek crosses into the township by Soo- 
 tion 82 and skirts the boundary in 83, then flows south-east. 
 Along the west the soil is a sandy loam, rather light and gravelly 
 on Sections 24 and 26, but good elsewhere, and a clay loam on 
 Section 1. There are a few bluffs of poplar and patches of wil- 
 low.-— <7. F. Mifes, 1880. 
 
 East— prairie, broken in the south by the valley of Little Out 
 Arm River and connecting gullies, and having a light soil, 
 gravelly oH the ridges, and classes 1 and 2. In the north half the 
 soil IS class 2, and there are a few bluffe of poplar and numerous 
 small meadows and swamps.— il. L. Russell, 1876. 
 
 Sub-division.— VrxdnMhig prairie, dotted with scattered 
 poplar and willow. The soil is a rich sandy loam, about 1 2 inches 
 S'^ ^^® eastern portion is traversed by Little Cut Arm Creek 
 — T. B. Clementi, 1880, ' 
 
 20. Outlines.— The north is rolling and undulating prairie with clay 
 and eandy loam soils, classes 1 and 2. Sections 32 and 31 aii 
 poorer and much mixed with gravel. The west is rolling prairie 
 with sandy loam soil, except Section 80, which is clay loam : all 
 class 1. Section 6 has some poplar and is crossed by Little Out 
 Arm Creek, 8 feet deep.— C?. F. Miles, 1880. 
 
 East—open rolling prairie, gravelly ridges, light soil ; class 2. 
 A tew scattered poplar.— il. L. Russell, 1876. 
 
 Sub-division— Rolling prairie, with scattered poplar and 
 willow. G-ood hay and water ; rather marshy in places. The 
 ^attleford trail crosses from Section 12 to Section 80. Little Cut 
 Arm Creek crosses Sections 5 and 6, flowing south. The north- 
 west sections are open.— T. B. Clementi, 1880. 
 
 21, Ouilines.—Along the north the soil is generally light with some 
 portions of clay loam. A considerable area is wet and marshy 
 and covered with islands of poplar and dense willows and under- 
 brush. As appears from the west line the south half is low 
 undulating prairie ; the north half is interspersed with islands of 
 poplar and willow, and the whole is cut up by numerous nonds 
 and marshes.— C. F. Miles, 1880. 
 
 East—open rolling prairie, with a few scattered poplars. The 
 soil IS light ; class 2. There are some high sandy ridges. Big 
 Cut Arm River crosses Section 24, slow current, good water 2 feet 
 deep —A. L. Russell, 1876. 
 
 Sub-division.-ThicldY wooded in a diagonal belt of about 
 three miles wide extending from south-east to north-west Tra- 
 versed by Big Cut Arm Creek. Good soil.— T. B. Clementi, 1880. 
 aa. OttfZmes.— North— generally knolly prairie, with considerable 
 scrub and smalljjoplar. Owing to the heavy rainfall this season 
 i^Q iO^v Places -,- ere ull covered with water, sometimes 3 to 4 feet 
 deep. Big Cut Arm Creek flows diagonally across the township. 
 
Townships West of Second Initial Meridian -^Range I. H 
 
 t'lIft^^^LM^'^^^^' ^ »/alley. the bottom of which is all 
 muskeg, ^il, good black clay loam on the font north-e^t^ 
 sections, and on the other two lighter and. in some places ^avX 
 It IS fair farming land, the uneven surface furnishing a^aSe W' 
 for either a wet or dry season. There are many clumps of smSl 
 
 of Bif^cft«^^^^^^ 
 
 very well wooded with poplar/ chie^second^rowttUTdrse 
 
 the valleys more or less marshy. The best part is in Section 31 
 
 ^ap'^mls mo '^' ^^ ^ ^^^'' ^^ ^^'' *^-^ t^ '^t- 
 
 ^ A^ W J?'''^ rolling prairie ; soil, light but good ; classes 1 and 
 
 Sub-division.— ConsiBtB of prairie, diversified with bluffs of 
 poplar and marshes ; traversed by the Big Cut Arm River which 
 passes through a marsh its whole course through the towns^p 
 tW« r?«"'K ^^^^°t be crossed, even by unladen Limals. ThS 
 fdr S« o/?. obstacle to settlement, the township contains some 
 lair pieces of prairie. There is some heavy brush Soilchieflv 
 third-class, with some first and second.—zkY/, 1881. ^ 
 
 28 0«m»es.-North-prairie, with scattered poplar bluffs. The soil 
 
 In So«r '.^' r t"°^.P"^^"y 1^^^> «1^«« ' i- the east Ld 2 
 iL« 1 IV""? ^^o\ ^^^ ^est is similar to the north. AU 
 
 8 siHrS^-^''*'^''il'''^^"^^^ ^^^ °^^^«hy' »^d rates cC 
 fimifWn? ^-/l^Tf^A^y 'U^*^* t'"^! *« Q^ill Lakes, and near the 
 southern limit by Cut Arm Creek, flowing east through a marshv 
 ravine.- T. Drummond, 1880. ^ i-nrougn a marstty 
 
 Bast-undulating prairie; clumps of poplar ; small meadowK. 
 Soil, poor, light and gravelly.-^. L Russell, ISIG. °^^^^**^^ 
 
 Mar,f"rfn'ff!"Ki"-7^^^^ ^,?^^^ ^^ "^^^^^^s and water-holeff. 
 Si;:f.l!?88a ^ ^"^ "^^^°" ^^-^- T^^ -1 - inferior.-Gf. 
 
 ^ SX^'ltT^^^ "" •,'*^i' ?'*^"^ "^*^ ««***°^e<i poplar bluffs, and a 
 Ihtt?! ^Jv!S? ''''^^" ?^^' ?' "^""P* i^ **^e ««■«* l^^lf. where it is 
 w li ! S^ 17 ^/^ T"^ '""^^f ^>« 2. The west is rolling prairie, 
 
 «iri« fif .u "^ *^^ northern part of the latter is a large marsh, 
 Mid m the southern part of 19 is another. Sections 30 and 81 ar^ 
 largely overgrown with willow scrub.-T. Drummond, 1880. 
 w^ rv£?° '■''^^'''^ P'*^"«' «°il ligl»t. classes 1 to 2. No 
 
 tTrifif ^'"^' rt*"'- ^^"'^ ^^1^°^ ^^^'^t^ o^ Section 24. S«? 
 tion 36 IS crossed by a cart trail -A. L. Russell, 1876. 
 
 Sub-divisinn "Rrrkb-an Inn^l ^ I ?iv t 1 .-,■. _ 
 
 nnr^u^ „«j Vil- ~ '• "i^^^, vuvcicu. wiih Drusn, Willow auo. 
 
 poplar, and with innumerable small ponds. Inferior soil Wood 
 very useful for fuel.-G. B. Bemister^l^m. 
 
 
 H 
 I * 
 
 r 'r 
 
 1 ?•■ 
 
ftmnskipt Wett of Second Initial Meridian. — Range I. 
 
 Sections 18, li 
 Sections 6 and 
 
 Outiinet. — The north is prairie with scattered scrab and a rich 
 loamy soil in the east and west, and poor gra-^elly and swampy 
 in the centre. The west is principally rolling land, more or less 
 covered with thick scmb. Soil, a rich clay loam, class 1. Small 
 marshes are numerous. On Section 19 a few poplar bluffs occur. — 
 T. Drummond, 1 880. 
 
 East— open rolling prairie, soil generally light. The southern 
 lialf of Section 1 has an excellent soil and rates class 1 ; Sections 
 18 and 24 class 2 ; and the balance of the land classes 1 to 2. 
 No wood or water. — A. L. Russell, 18Y6. 
 
 Sub-division. — The land is alternately level and broken, of 
 good quality. There is a good deal of scrub and small poplar, and 
 a quantity of marsh land in this township. — D. C. O'Keeffe, 1880. 
 
 Outlines. — The north is mostly open prairie, with some poplar and 
 willow bluffs. Soil, classes 1 and 2 in the east, and class 1 in the 
 west. East — the surface is principally open, rolling prairie ; but 
 the southern half of Section 26 is thinly wooded with heavy 
 jwplar and small underbrush, and large patches of willow scrub- 
 ■ occur in Sections 1, b6 and 18. Section 24 is low, wet and covered 
 by long grass. The northern halves of Sections 12 and 13 rate 
 class 1 ; Sections 1 and 86 classes 1 to 2, and the balance of th& 
 land class 2.- A. L. Russell, 1876. 
 
 The west is principally open, rolling prairie, 
 and 30 rate class 3, the two latter being alkaline. 
 31 have a gravelly soil and are rated class 2. The former contain* 
 several small marshes, and the central part is covered by thick 
 scrub. Section 7 rates class 4, being nearly all marsh. — T. Drum- 
 iHond, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Level prairie ; inclined to be wet towards the 
 south and east. The soil is of fair quality. In the northern part 
 there are a few bluffs of green poplar. The township is well 
 watered with running streams. — D C. CKeeffe, 1880. 
 
 SB7, Outlines. — The north is level prairie, low, wet and swampy, with 
 poplar and willow bush and scrub ; poor land, class 3. Of the 
 the western Sections, C, 7, 31 and the south half of 30, consist of 
 rolling or level prairie, with a black, sandy loam, class 1, andhave 
 a few clumps of willows and small poplars. The balance of the 
 land is generally rolling and more or less covered with bluffs of 
 willows and small poplar ; it rates class 2, except in the northern 
 part of Section 18, where there is a large boggy marsh. — G. C, 
 Jlainboth, 1880. 
 
 The country along the east boundary is nearly all covered with 
 low poplar and willow scrub, with occasionally some large, dry 
 IMjplar and brule. On Section 13 the line crosses a creek, about T 
 feet wide and IJ feet deep, flowing east through a swampy valley 
 nearly one-fifth of a mile wide. The land rates classes 1 to 2^ 
 throughout. — A. L. Russell, 1876. 
 
 poplar, wallow and small marshes. The soil generally is of fair 
 quality, in places very fertile. The south-eastern quarter i» 
 
ads. 
 
 29 
 
 Townships T^est of Second Initial Meridian.— Range I. 18 
 
 traversed by Stony Creek. There is plenty of wood, hw and 
 water.— iJ. W. Lendrum, 1880. ^ 
 
 0»«i«M.-The north and east are more or lesft covered by brnl6 
 and windfalls, with blnffs of green poplar and wiUow occnW at 
 
 >f.W';i,«^''tT.'^"'^ or meadow land occurs along the wesrem 
 half of the north line, and on Section 82 are a number of lakes 
 and ponds. The first 4 miles, going west, rate cC 1 ; thetth 
 mile, classes 1 to 2 ; and the 6th, class 2. On the eastern Ihietlnffs 
 of heavy poplar occur on Section 12. A deep lake of bad water 
 lies some distance west of the line on the southern half oJ^ection 
 86. The land rates classes 1 to 2, except on Section 24, wWe it 
 IS cla^ 1 the soil being a good black loam.~4. L. RusselLms 
 
 West-rolling or level prairie, with occasional bluffs o? poplar 
 and willow, and numerous marshes There is a larire pond m tha 
 south of Section 80 and about midway on SectSf 8^ a^reek 
 flowing west Section 7 and the adjoining half of 6 rate dass 1 ; 
 Section 80 and the adjoining half of 19, cfass8, and tiie briance 
 of the land class 2.—G. C. Rainboth, 1880 
 
 Sub-division.— The soil is verv rich ; but there are numerous 
 lakes and marshes which somewhat detract from the chafacterof 
 the land for agriculture. There is plenty of timber suitable for 
 building and fencing, except in the south-west quarter —R W 
 Lendrum, 1880 and 1882. 1"»rier. a w. 
 
 Ouilines.— Along the north there is much poplar and willow some 
 brul6 ; surface, evel ; soil, generally a black loam and Si A 
 
 fe.'^'lfq ' "^'^ * 'l''^ ^^7-^^* ^°^ excellent water, crosses 
 Section 83. The west is rolling or level prairie, with a few 
 scattered willows and poplars in the south. A creek is crossed by 
 the line on Section 7, and a similar one on 80. Small marshes 
 occur at intervals. Sections 81, 18 and the adjoining poSs of 
 
 R^nboth ISSO"^''^'^''^ *^' ^^^^'' ""^ *^' land clL^2^G. a 
 
 Section 86 is level and rates class 1, but is thickly wooded 
 with poplar and scrub ; there are occasional open places and 
 many wet marshes or ponds. The balance of the east boundary 
 
 fZ'tt ?Jf P'r^^r;,^:^^*^.^?^ ««^«b' ^^^^^ and fallen timber occu7 
 ing at intervals. The adjoining portions of Sections 24 and 26 are 
 broken by ravines m which are small creeks running into one 
 mam stream flowing south-easterly. There is some Leadow or 
 swampy and towards the south. Section 26 and the south half 
 of 24 rate class 2, a. d the three southern sections, with the 
 balance of 24, classes 1 to 2.-A. L. Russell, 1877. 
 
 Sub-division.—The surface of this townsb^ is gently undu- 
 latmg, and almost covered with a growth of poplar, willow and 
 
 a yellowish clay subsoil. Water in the creeks is gooA and aW-d- 
 ant. iiie poplar in the belts and islands is suitable for buildine 
 
 lets on the western half — iJ. W. Lendrum, 1882. 
 
 f'i 
 
 ll 
 
 Mil 
 
,14 Townships West of Sfcond Initial Meridian.— Range I. 
 
 'M 
 
 SO. Outlines. — The north is rolling country covered with thick willow 
 scrub, class 1. The "White Sand River crosses and re-crosses the 
 boundary several times. It has a current of about 2 miles an 
 hour, an average depth of 8 feet and a width of 60 feet. The 
 country along the east boundary is generally pretty thickly 
 wooded with poplar and scrub. Ponds and wet marshes are 
 numerous. The land rates class I. — A. L. Russell, 1877. 
 
 The west is level and rolling prairie, with scattered clumps of 
 poplar and willow The line is crossed on Section 81 by the 
 White Sand River flowing south-east ; its width is 22 yards. On 
 the north half of 18 is a small creek flowing east, and the southern 
 part is crossed by the trail to Fort Pelly. Sections tJ, IS and 19 
 rate class 1, and the balance of the land class 2. Several marshes 
 occur on Sections 7 and 19.— (?. C. Rainboth, 1880. 
 
 SMft-rftvmon —The surface is gently undulating and is over- 
 grown with poplar and willow bushes, and occasional blufis of 
 poplar wood. The soil is a dark, sandy loam, of an average depth 
 of 12 inches, with a yellowish clay sub-soil. The eastern portion 
 is to a great extent covered with numerous marshes and ponds, 
 and the northern sections are broken by ravines and by the valley 
 of the "White 8and River. Steep Creek runs through the southern 
 part of the township. — R W. Lendrum, 1882. 
 
 81. Outlines.— The first liile of the east boundary, going north, is on 
 the north side of the valley of White Sand River, and is broken 
 by high ridges and deep valleys covered with scrub and poplar 
 bluffs. North of this the surface is principally rolling prairie, 
 with occasional bluffs of poplar and scrub. The land rates classes 
 1 and 2.-4. L Russell, 1877. 
 
 S2. Outlines. — ^The north is a solid bush country, principally spruce 
 and tamarac, with some poplar, interspersed by many marshes, 
 lakes, ponds and creeks. The soil consists of 5 to 8 inches of allu- 
 vium on a subsoil of clay, and the land rates class 3. The first 4 
 miles of the east boundary, going north, is principally scrubby 
 prairie, with a large bluff of poplar bush in the north of Section 
 13. The 6th mile is covered with heavy scrub, and in the south 
 is traversed by the Assinaboine River. On the 6th mile is a con- 
 siderable area of poplar and spruce. A trail to Fort Pelly passes 
 near the line in several places: — P. H Dumais, 1883. 
 
 The land rates classes 1 and 2. The Assinaboine River flows 
 north-easterly through the eastern sections, being from 30 to 86 
 chains west of the line. One or more wet marshes or ponds occur 
 on all sections. The Qu'Appelle trail passes northwards, near the 
 river, and ioins the Ellice and Pelly road on the east side of the 
 line. — A. L. Russell, 1877. 
 
 88. Outlines. — The country along the east boundary is more or less 
 wooded with poplar, spruce (mostly of large size), willow and some 
 tamarac= The land rates classes 1 and 2. Several ponds and wet 
 marshes occur along the line. The trail to Swan River crosses the 
 boundary. — A. L. Russell, 1877. 
 
Tbwnshifu West of Second InMal Meridian.^IUmg9 I. 15 
 
 M. Oulline».—The country along the east bonndary, for the first 
 mile or so. going- north, is more or less wooded with poplar and 
 spruce, mostly oflarge size and is watered by numerous ponds 
 and creeks. After this the land rises rapidly V a successfon of 
 
 S"teT'''^'''*^ ^"'y large 8pruce, ^pkr and some 
 birch. Then the surface is very rough and thinlf wooded with 
 large merchantable spruce and poplar. The land generally rates 
 ^3. 1877 '"^ «outh,and class 2 in Jthe north.Ii^ 
 
 35.--0«^/,„«,._East-The line crosses Swan River, which pursues a 
 wiBdmg south-easterly course through a flat valley al^u^l"? fee? 
 
 ^e a few bluffs of poplar and spruce, with patches of scrub. The 
 width of the river is about 88 yards; water muddy North 
 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Ranok II. 
 
 . 0«m-n€s^-North-the surface is rolling prairie. Section 81 is 
 scattered, on the eastern half, by limestone boulders and, on the 
 w^tem part, broken bv the Souris River, which ia 60 yards wide 
 Mid wooded along the banks with a few small elm and ash trees 
 The soil IS grayeDy loam on the four western sections and rates 
 class 1; on Section 82 it is sandy loam, class 2 in the east, and class 
 8 in the west The western half of 81 rates class 1, and the 
 •astern half c ass 8 The country along the west line is rated as 
 toliows :— Section 6, Ae southern porHons of 7 and 80 and the 
 northern parts of 18 19 and 81, class 1, and the balance class 2! 
 excepting the north half of 7, which is very broken and stony, and 
 where there 18 a deep lake, 88 yards wide on the line, extending 
 .W,^S "^l"* ^^'^ r""^ distance in this vicinity the land rate! 
 Glass 8. The soil is a good clay loam on Sections 18 and 31 
 gravelly loam on 6 and 7, and on what remains, sandy Icam The 
 surface 18 generally rolling prairie The Fort Ellice trail crosses 
 80. The east has a blaxik, gravelly loam soil, class 1, with small 
 marshes occunng on every section. No wood — T. S. Gore 1881 
 Ihe south IS rolling prairie, class 2. Sections 4 and 6 are 
 somewhat stonv. The hue crosses the Riviere des Lacs (River of 
 Lakes) on the former. The width of water at this point is 614 
 yards:— 1^. Pearce, 1880. ^ 
 
 Suh-division.—'Bxi\\ms and undulating prairie : excellent 
 ^^^icultural land.^ Th^l is a rich, black mould, ve;y deeT^d 
 v,.t^vut siouus ; uiere is a ia£e in Sections 4, 6 and 7, contaminff 
 good water There is also a fair distribution of smal marshes- 
 Sinciatr and Frances, 1881. 
 
16 Tinonthipt Weit of Second Initial Meridian,— Rcmgt II. 
 
 a. Outlinei.—T)xQ north is principally rolling prairie, with a ;|dl 
 rating clau 2. The Sourii River orosses on Sections 36 and 82. 
 On the latter section are a number of ravines, vj-ith creeks, leadiuv 
 into the river. In Section 88 is a ravine wooded with poplar and 
 a creek flowing north.— PT. Pearce, 1880. 
 
 Section 6 has a broken surface covered with lime-stone and 
 granite boulders, and rates class 8. The rest of the western line 
 IS rolling prairie, class 2. The east is rolling prairie, with a 
 
 gravelly loam soil, class 1 ; except on Section 25 and the adjoining 
 alf of 24 Thich are broken by the Souria River and its banks, 
 and rate class 2. The river flows south-easterly through the 
 northern part of the former section, is cros«ed by the line three 
 times toward the south, and then proceeds due east. Its width 
 vai'ies from 60 to 100 feet. The valley of this stream is over a 
 mile wide, and extends across the whole of Section 26. The 
 bottom of it is wooded with maple, oak, poplar and elm. — T. 8. 
 Gore, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — The eastern part is rolling prairie, and is suit- 
 able for farming purposes. The soil of second class quality. 
 There is a good supply of wood fit for fuel along the Souris. The 
 northern and western portions are very hilly, and broken by the 
 Souris, and by deep ravines. The grass is generally very luxuri- 
 ant. — A. L. Poudrier, 1881. 
 8. Outlines. — ^The surface of the township, on all the outlines, is 
 
 grincipally rolling prairie. On the north. Section 81, the eastern 
 alf of 88 and the western portions of 85 and 36, rate class 1. The 
 first and the two last have a black clay loam soil. The balance 
 of the land is class 2, excepting the a^oining portions of 82 and 
 88 which rate class 4, being stony and broken by the valley of 
 Moose Mountain Creek. This stream crosses the line near the 
 north-west corner of the latter section ; its width is 88 yards ; 
 current, rapid ; course, south. Section 84 has a sandy loam soil, 
 and is crossed on the eastern half by the EUice trail. The west 
 has a clay loam soil, tjlass 1. Section 19, however, rates 8, and the 
 adjoining half of 80, class 2. There are many small marshes along 
 the central portion of this line. On the east as far south as the 
 middle of Section 18 the land rates cla*?s 2, ftie soil being clay 
 loam with a gravelly subsoil on Section 86, and gravelly loam 
 over the remainder of the interval. A number of small marshes 
 occur along this portion of the line. The balance of the land, in 
 the south, is stony, dry and rates class 8. South— the soil is clay 
 loam. Section 3, the west'^rn half of 6 and the semi-sections 
 adjoining the former rate class 1 ; the balance of the latter, class 
 2 ; and the remainder of the land class 8. The line is crossed by 
 the Souris River, on Sections 1 and 6. Its average width is 86 
 yards, and its banks are thinly wooded. The slopes of the valley 
 are long and gentle and are more or less stony. — T. S. Oore, 1881. 
 Sub-division.— Yerj rough and much broken by ravines, and 
 also by the Souris River and Moose Mountain Creek, along which 
 8tre««ns there is some scrubby tiiubor. Not couaidered weU 
 adapted for settlers. Soil— in places, a black loam, but mostly 
 sandy and gravelly ; generally third class. — J. A. Carbert, 1881. 
 
 -• Outli 
 Wtjt 
 
 and £ 
 
 valle] 
 
 its av 
 
 botto] 
 
 half < 
 
 vials 
 
 1 
 
 olay I 
 
 interv 
 
 and a 
 
 north( 
 
 else, e 
 
 the to 
 
 throu§ 
 
 strean 
 
 S 
 
 half i( 
 
 small 
 
 **. Outtin 
 
 Srairie 
 ark 1( 
 the gr( 
 south, 
 tributa 
 current 
 a few c 
 rates cl 
 loam; < 
 tain Cr 
 the sloj 
 40 yard 
 and its 
 is cross( 
 T.Faw 
 Sui 
 capital 
 througt 
 
 Outlinci 
 prairie ; 
 north at 
 except fi 
 crosses i 
 and its ^ 
 eastern 1 
 might b 
 going so 
 fifictions 
 Moose ]y 
 meadowi 
 wood. — 
 
 «. 
 
«. 
 
 Tbwmhipi Wert of Second Initial Meridiin- Bangt U. |t 
 
 * w*^'/ W~7^^ ''''^^ ^ undulating prairie, broken toward tba 
 Wt^t by a few ravines, and on adjmnincr n^^,-.a- of SI«Th!^ aJ 
 and 88, by Mooao Mountain Greek ^flo'^^g^uTh^rltShr'aW 
 valley one mile w de. The creek is 88 feet wide at t^Xit b^ 
 Us average width is about 60 and depth 8 Ct it haft^W 
 bo torn and ^ood water. The land is all cCV excent th^^ 
 Wf of Seotfon 82 and the west of 81. where i I cC '*" aS^ 
 vial soil, a brownish clay loam; subsoil, clay.-/. McLatchie I88L 
 oUv?^ «^^.^*°«. ^th west and east is rolling praSe.^th a 
 clay loam soil The west rates class 1. Siai»ll mwshes arion.? 
 mtorvals all along the line. The east ha. nuJroS"mall maihS 
 and a dark gravelly loam soil. The land rateT class T^fl!! 
 northern portions ol Sections 1. 12 and CnrckssTeJerywhS? 
 else, except on the north of 26, where it is class 8 oESit 
 the township contains fair land. Moose Mountain Ore^k SS 
 
 teab^^.^JfrV"?"]'"" SI'i " » beautiful! clear rd%I^ 
 stream about 46 feet wide.-~r. S. Gore, 1881 
 
 h^U ff'f'''i'i?;'--^^^rig prairie, with clay soil ; the western 
 
 tte^Th ni''^ '"i ^^*S^' With gS::i.^aT?s ^^ell^lp?^^^^^^ 
 iontf dWn f h '''*^'; ^ri^ Mountain Greek courses north to 
 south down the centre of the township and has several smaJl 
 tributaries. This stream might be utilized for mill sTtes ^the 
 current is rapid and the banks are high. The nortHnd west W 
 a few deep ravines ; soil generally cl!y loam over clay Thll^S 
 rates class 1, except on section 31. East-soil a rS^ dark oSJ 
 
 llT^ "^r fl • ^^ ^^*r «« *^« ""« i« mSd b^ M^ose Mo^. 
 tarn Creek, flowing south-west through a valley over a m'le^Z 
 
 io- viT' 1 "1^°? TJ^"^ ^''^^' Tie widti of this stress 5 
 40 yards ; depth, 8 feet; surface velocity, 60 feet per minSe - 
 and Its water is clear and good. An old <^t trail fn^nSSn;!: 
 
 T.r'c'ris'^L""*^ ^^' S^ion 26""T£ri^s^rw<S!n 
 
 Su6-rfi«<«o».— Prairie, sufficiently undulatine for drainiurn - 
 
 tZu'ih ?H '^^ ^^""^^"^^^ ^l good wW from a ftrJLlSS 
 through the township.—J. Warren, 1881. *uiuung 
 
 ^fl?"'ir'^^^-, •'*'^^! is generally undulating and rollinir 
 pra me ; the soil is good, and the land rates class 1 throuffhoSt thf 
 
 exctt'^e Tht l5"^t T*^ r^i«^« '^'^ on errf s^tt^ 
 except 86. The latter is broken by Mo,:^ ilountain Creek which 
 
 andTs wMth ^rf 'Y "^^ *^^ ^^^^ ''' ^^^^«« iTsollth W 
 and its width 66 feet This stream coursei? southwards near the 
 
 eastern boundary^ It is clear and rapid with high baX and 
 S;?nJ ^^l^'l^^'^ for mill sites. The east, for the £^^4 milt 
 fSr'?J^i^^i!!iH^L-ik^.^.- on the two southern . 
 Mo<^Mouniain cSrin a^d^ ^ ^^g^ntlnicJir ^ 
 
18 Towutkipt West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range II. 
 
 Sub-division. - Prairie, mostly nndnl^ttinff. Moose Moanlain 
 Creek enters at the northern boundary, near tne centre of Section 
 S% and passes south and east till it leaveH the township near its 
 ■outh-east comer. The stream averaffes 95 feet in width, and the 
 water is very ffood. Several good mill sitcM may ho selected, and 
 timber could be floated down from Moose Mountain during the 
 ■pring freshets. The valley of the creek, which is both wide and 
 deep, contains many granite boulders. There are a few small 
 lakes, which contain good water, and also some good meadows. 
 Some silver poplar scrub occurs. Soil — clay and sandy loam, with 
 clay and sand subsoil, and in places, some limestone gravel ; gen- 
 erally second class. — D. C. O^Keefe, 1881. 
 
 7. Outlinen. — The north is rolling in the east, undulating in the 
 west, ar 1 class 1 throughout. There are several large ponds in 
 the easinrn half. Moose Mountain Greek winds to and fro across 
 the west liny and then proceeds in a south-easterly direction. The 
 av« -ige width of this creek is 52 feet, depth IJ feet, current 1| 
 miles an hour. The land rates classes 1 and 2. 1 he east is prin- 
 cipally undulating prairie, with an excellent soil, class 1 through- 
 out. On the south half of Section 24 the line is crossed by a creek 
 of good water 10 feet wide, 1 J feet deep, current 1 mile per hour. 
 Two large ponds are crossed on Section 86 and two more on 12. — 
 a E. Wolj^, 1881. i 
 
 Sub-division. — Level prairie, traversed by Moose Creek and 
 another without name. The soil is a bla.k, sandy loam of great 
 fertility, but there is no wood nearer than Moose Mountain. — S. 
 Brodie, 1881. 
 
 8. Outlines. — The north is undulating prairie, with a good soil, aver- 
 aging class 2. There are scatteiedb'ufFs of poplar on the slojies, 
 and in the bottoms some good maishes, from which quantities of 
 hay may be procured. There are also a number of fresh rivulets 
 crossing the line on its west half. The elevations are somewhat 
 gravelly and stony. There are some scattered poplar bluffs on the 
 north of Section 86.— O. /. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 "West and east is nearly all rolling and undulating prairie, and 
 rates class 1 throughout. The west line is crossed three times on 
 Section 6, and once on 7, by a creek of good water flowing south- 
 west. This stream is about 6 feet wide, IJ feet deep, current IJ 
 miles per hour. There are some large ponds on both lines. The 
 7 orlh half of Section 18 and the south part of 24 rate class 2. 
 Near the southern limit of 36 the east line is croised by a small 
 creek of good water flowing east — C. E. Wolff, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, covered vnth t^pear grass. The 
 soil is a sandy loam- There are a few bluffs of willows and small 
 poplars, also some small creeks of fresh water and a few ponds. — 
 J. Stewart, 1881. 
 
 9. Outlines. — The southern tier of sections is rolling prairie. The 
 eastern tier is very heavily rolling, and to the north of the tier 
 there is a considerable quantity of wood and numbers of ponds. 
 The rest of the township is an Indian reserve. — M. Hart, 1881. 
 
le Mountain 
 
 of S«iction 
 ship near its 
 Ath, bnd the 
 lelocted, and 
 
 1 during the 
 th wide and 
 I few small 
 >d meadows. 
 Y loam, with 
 n^avel ; gen- 
 
 iting in the 
 rge ponds in 
 id fro across 
 rection. The 
 ;, current 1\ 
 east is prin- 
 IS Ithrough- 
 d by a creek 
 ile per hour, 
 ore on 12. — 
 
 ) Creek and 
 oam of great 
 :>untain. — S. 
 
 )d soil, aver- 
 i the slopes, 
 mantities of 
 ■esh rivulets 
 e somewhat 
 bluffs on the 
 
 J prairie, and 
 ree times on 
 wing south- 
 , current \\ 
 
 lines. The 
 rate class 2. 
 
 by a small 
 
 r grass. The 
 ^s and small 
 ew ponds.— 
 
 >rairie. The 
 I of the tier 
 rs of ponds. 
 lart, 1881. 
 
 Tmemhipn Went of Second InMal Meridian.— Range II. 1<> 
 
 Sub-divinon.-.}ie„\y all but the easterly and southorlv tiers 
 ^ir !"'"* f«^, within the reserve of White Bea/s band Tho 
 south tier 18 rolling land with numerous blufTs of poplar timber 
 on Sections 1, 2 anB U. which is suitablo for fencing and fuel The 
 eastern tier has numerous poplar bluffs alfio, the irreater nart of 
 Sections 28 and 24 and the whole of Sections 2^?^^ and 86 
 SfZtnr Tt ^^^^*^y « 'I'^^'-.^f «" «i^»*«. up to IH inches in 
 mZ a n tLTo^'T f'*,!"^ '/ ""'"y hilly, being in the Moose 
 Mountain. The heavily timbered Heotions contain large lakes of 
 Ircsh water, the source supplying which could not be determined, 
 though It must be other ' .n surface drainage. Soil-ercellent 
 
 Z.tTS r^''''''^ ^ . ^ '^' "^^*^ part better adapted fSr 
 grazing ; first ana 8f«oona class.-./. A. MacMillan, 1881. 
 
 lO. 0«//i«..a.-Going west on the north boundary, the first two miles 
 are low and wtt, and sandy soil, class 8 ; the ground then rises 
 and 18 rolling, with a ffrowth of small poplar, cherry and willows • 
 some hay swamps ; class 3. Generally the township is heavily 
 timbered with various woods and a dense undergrowth of hazel. 
 Ihe soil IS poor and light, and ..bout one-third of the area is 
 covered with lakes, ponds aad marshes, rendering the township 
 unsuitable for agricuU no. -itf. Hart, 1881. wnsmp 
 
 Sub-division.— Yery broken, being cut up by numerous lakes 
 and ponds, with the exception of Sections 26, 8.:., 86, and portions 
 of Sections 26, 24 and 18 ; very thickly timbered in the north-east 
 part, with poplar, willow, hazel, etc., the Doplar growing to 14 
 mches m diameter. The south tier of sections 's included in the 
 reserve of White Bear's band. Soil- generally sandy, with a 
 sandy and stony sub-soil ; chiefly third, with some second class.— 
 L. G. Garon, 1882. 
 
 11. Outlines.— Along the north and east boundaries the surface is 
 rolling prairie and the soil generally first-class. A fine creek of 
 good fresh water, about 2 feet deep, is crossed on Section 18 
 flowing south-east. The south-western portion of the township 
 lies on the north slope of Moose Mountain, and is covered with 
 blufls of poplar, interspersed by lakes ponds and marfhes The 
 soil 18 good, but the surface being so much broken, the land alontr 
 tlie west boundary is better suited for grazing than for farmintr - 
 /. G. Sini^, 1881. ®" 
 
 Sub-division.— TrsLhie, dotted with clumps of small-sized 
 poplars and willows. The soil is a rich, dark, clay loam but 
 owing to the number of hay marshes, the townsi. p is better 
 adapted to stock-raising than to general farming.—/. McAree, 1881. 
 
 0«j/mes— The north is rolling prairie, with a rich sandy loam 
 sou. Along the first four miles, going west, there are many 
 marshes (soine ot which are quite large) and a few small por-'s. 
 Well adapted for grazing.— 4. C. Wtbb, 1881. 
 
 VVPRt. Ptuaf a.r\A om-ifh -mlli-n^v -.^-..^L^^ :i.i- - i • ,. 
 
 ot a rich black mould, vaiymg from 6 to 24 inches in depth", on a 
 subsoil of clay or sandy loam, class 1. Well watered ; convenient 
 2* 
 
 12 
 
so 
 
 T\ywmhip& West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range II. 
 
 to wood. Cannot be surpassed for farming and well suited for 
 grazing. — /. G. Sing, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Principally rolling prairie ; a few small 
 marshes ; scarcely any kind ot timber. Near the centre is z l«rge 
 lake, with a hard bottom, and good water of an average depth of 
 6 feet. The water in tb marshes is generally good. Soil, a cIslj 
 loam, mixed with lime? .one gravel ; uniformly first-class. — E. C. 
 Caddy, 188 1. 
 
 IS, Outlims. — North, east and west— gently rolling prairie, with nu- 
 merous clamps of small poplar and dense willow. Soil, a good, 
 dark sandy loam, occasionally gravelly, on a clay subsoil. Marshes 
 and ponds are numerous On Section 26 the east line is crossed 
 by a creek flowing south-east A cart trail to Fort Ellice crosses 
 the north boundary on Section 36, and the west line on Section 
 l.—A. F. Cotton, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Surface rolling. The north portion has a good 
 deal of poplar timber and willow brush growing in scattered 
 groves and bluffs. The south part is open prairie. Many grass 
 marshes, ponds and lakes occur, all containing fresh water. TLe 
 trail from Fort Ellice to Moose Mountain crosses from north-east 
 tcf south-west. Soil, a dark, clay loam, about 1 foot deep, with a 
 clay subsoil ; first-class. — /. /. McKenna, 1882. 
 
 14. Outlines. — On all the boundaries it is gently rolling prairie, with 
 occasional marshes or small ponds, and frequent clumps of small 
 poplar and dense willow. Pipestone Creek enters this township 
 on Section 19, aud flows through a valley from oke-quarter to one- 
 half a mile wide, and 100 to 160 feet deep, passing out on Section 
 12. Along this stream the bush is more plentiful, and on the 
 south bauk attaiiis a larger size than elsewhere, being about 6 
 inches in diameter. On Section 18 the line crosses a creek flow- 
 ing south-east, the banks of which are thickly wooded. The 
 alluvial tfoil is a good dark sandy loam, sometimeis mixed with 
 gravel ; subsoil, <)ay. A cart trail to Fort Ellice crosses the south- 
 east corner. On the east ther.3 is a clay loam soil, class 2, in the 
 south hal^, and class 1 in the north half, where there are also 
 numerous small ponds and marshes — A. F. Cotton, 1881. 
 
 Sub-divisioft. — Gently undulating, with a number of deep 
 swamps ; traversed by Pipestone (Jreek. The soil is fair in quality, 
 and there is plenty of wood for fuel aud fencing. — A, Hamel, 1881. 
 
 15. Outlines. — The north is open prairie, with nximerous marshes, and 
 a fow small islands of poplar. The soil is a good clay loam, and 
 where not too wet is class 1 The west is rolling prairie, with an 
 excellent clay loam soil, class 1. There are poplar blufis all along 
 the line end, in places, small marshes. The east is open, rolling 
 prairie, with a good clay loam soil,all class 1. Sections 36 and 2'> 
 are somewhat marshy. — A. C. Thomson, IS%1. 
 
 Sub-division. — O-ne-half of this township is covcrod with scrub, 
 willow and scattered poplar, the L.ter only fit for firewood ; the 
 fioil throughout is first-class. — Burchill and Davis, 1881. 
 
 16. Ou\ 
 
 blu 
 por 
 cur 
 
 soil 
 Sed 
 brai 
 sma 
 of I 
 
 17. 
 
 subs 
 wati 
 
 Giiti 
 lowf 
 
 wcsl 
 ther 
 smal 
 exce 
 swai 
 scatt 
 pate] 
 run ] 
 rolli] 
 
 wate 
 Daw 
 
 18. Ouili 
 
 swan 
 
 runs 
 
 a val 
 
 heavi 
 
 undu 
 
 popla 
 
 build 
 
 1 
 
 siouaj 
 
 in tht 
 
 line t 
 
 about 
 
 Sectio 
 
 poplai 
 
 rates 
 
 1881. 
 
 S 
 
 whole 
 
 sional 
 
 \^9A.0>U/.in 
 a rich 
 able ai 
 2i# 
 
suited for 
 
 tew small 
 e is £ l«rge 
 3 depth of 
 loil, a cl^ 
 S8.—E. C. 
 
 I, with na- 
 il, a good, 
 1. Marshes 
 is crossed 
 ice crosses 
 on Section 
 
 las a good 
 scattered 
 [any grass 
 ater. TLe 
 north-east 
 ep, with a 
 
 drie, with 
 s of small 
 township 
 ter to one- 
 )n Section 
 ,nd on the 
 g about 5 
 reek fiow- 
 ied. The 
 xed with 
 the south- 
 s 2, in the 
 e are also 
 I. 
 
 sr of deep 
 in quality, 
 met, 1881.. 
 
 rshes, and 
 loam, and 
 e, with an 
 3 all along 
 m, rolling 
 1 36 and 2.'> 
 
 'iih acrub, 
 •^ood ; the 
 
 Ibwnships West of Second TnitMl Meridian.-Range II 21 
 
 current, course noHh (June).-5t iSt. itsi ' ^^'' ''"^ 
 soil al'^r ^jr- " '""'"^^ P'*'^' "'*'' » g»»d '^W loam 
 
 ir. Outlines. -The north is rolling land, clumps of poplar and wil 
 lows, ponds and grass swamps in th^ east half Sdl diss 2 Thl 
 western sections are very much broken by deep ra4es'?n^^S 
 thei-e are Urch poplar and a dense growth of hazel Several 
 e'inria^T'brtr*'"^ ravines.^The easl trpatchirol 
 
 scattered bluffs of poplar clumnR of ^^n^^ < overea witn 
 
 rlmTv^^iTJr''^^^^^^^^^ ^^« --^^-^7 one-fifth is 
 
 water^T^e'tSTf'l^'K^^ abundance of hay and 
 
 >. Outlines.~-The north is rolling prairie. Soil class 2 a.... 
 swamps, blufis of small poplar Ld scrub. Thl' QuTppelle R W 
 runs nearly east and west through the middle of the township 'n 
 a valley about 2 to 3 miles wide, the south side of wS' S 
 heavily timbered with poplar and birch. The nort eriy n^rt on s 
 P Plar XttTi^^^ ^'""^^ ?' -^"^"« -<! blul':f;sma^^ 
 
 r.?fdLig"ptposS.-T sHssi^^™^' '' '^''^ --»^ *- 
 
 The east IS principally hilly and broken country with occa- 
 lomx wooded valleys and ravines. Section 24 and par oT tbeing 
 n the valloy of tne Q"'Appelle Eiver. This stream crossesthf 
 bn, ^' 'T' "," l^' ^°^«^«'- «'^^««^. th« average width bein^ 
 
 Sec ons /"and 2^ 'r^ ''"'' 'V '"l^ °^^^^^^- Small c^eks'of 
 nonl .V !f iT ^^"^^ ^""^^^ <*^^ *^n tlie latter section, with 
 
 S ciSs ^ tI; b'r''°" 'r'v W"i ^^^'^ ^-^^^^^ ' -d i2 
 
 'SM6.(/iyisto».— Traversed by the Qu'Appelle River Tb« 
 whole township is covered with'donse bru.h and tcrub ank o^a- 
 sional groves of poplar, ash and Jlow.- W and D. BeaZ isll. 
 
 Y^^'?r'u!^T~~^^'' T^^ is principally high dry rolling p.airil with 
 
 ' 1 . ^ ^^V '^'/ °^..^ ^J^'y ^^^««'f' «!*«« 1- There is a cins^er- 
 abU. area of poplar timber, averaging about 6 inches in dTamtter. 
 
S2 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range II. 
 
 on Section 36. A few poplar and willow bluffs occur toward the 
 west. Tliere are a number of shallow ravines with marshy bot- 
 toms.— TT. T. T/tf)w;7So/i, 1880. 
 
 West, south and east — rolling, class 2 ; scrub, poplar and 
 willow clumps ; numerous small ponds and marshes. — T. Kains, 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — The township is of average second class quality, 
 somewhat fcroken by small hay swamps with alternate patches of 
 prairie and scrub, the latter intermixed with poplar timber with 
 some scattered oak, well adapted for cultivation ; good land ; 
 plenty of hay and frcoh water. — W. and D. Beatty, 1881. 
 
 lO. Outlines. — The north is rolling prairie; with a number one clay loam 
 soil. Section 34 is a sandy loam and rSl has gravelly knolls. The 
 eastern part has a considerable growth of small poplar and willow, 
 and in Section 34 there are numbers of marshes. Eastwards, the 
 soil is a sandj, loam, rather light and gravelly on Sections 24 and 
 26, but good elsewhere, and a clay loam on Section 1. On the 
 west the soil a rich clay loam. There are some "dense islands of 
 willow.— C. F. Miles, 18^0. 
 
 Second class Innd, broken by small ponds. There is a good 
 deal of scrub. — T. B. Clementi, 1880. 
 
 20. Ouldnes. — The north is rolling prairie with a good clay loam soil. 
 Sections 35 and 36 are inclined to be marshy and have a slight 
 growth of poplar. The west is also rolling, with a clay loam 
 soil, class 1. in the south-west there are many islands of small 
 poplar and willow. The east has a sandy loam soil, except Section 
 25, which is clay loam, but all is class 1. Section 1 has some 
 poplar and is crossed by Little Cut Arm Creek, 3 feet deep. — C. F. 
 Miles, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Traversed by Little Cut Arm Creek. The soil 
 is very good, and there is plenty of wood for fuel. The water is 
 fresh and abundant. — T. B. Clementi, 1880 
 
 21, Outlines. — ^The surface of the township, as it appeared from the 
 boundaries, is all rolling prairie. The north has much light soil, 
 some poplars, dense willows and numbers of marshes. The west 
 has black and clay loam soils and is very wet and marshy, except 
 Sections 6 and 7, which are class 1. The east is wet, marshy land, 
 generally sandy, and in places stony, with bluffs of poplar and 
 dense willows. The best part is in Section 36, which is clay loam, 
 class 1, and is higher and dryer than the rest. Generally the south 
 half is low prairie. The north half has scattered islands of poplar 
 and willows, and the whole is c ' up by numerous ponds and 
 marshes.- C F. Miles, 1880. 
 
 Suh-divimon. — Rather marshy, but can easily be drained. 
 The soil is fair, and there is an abundant supply of timber for 
 building and fuel. The Battleford trail crosses the southern tier 
 of Sections.— T. B. dementi, 1880. 
 
 ^@. Outlines. The north is rollinsr 'orairie^ havinsr some clumos of 
 
 poplar, ai^d consisting of a very good soil. Some small meadows. 
 Owing to the heavy rainfall this season, the low places were all 
 
?■« II. 
 
 r toward the 
 marshy bot- 
 
 poplar and 
 s.—T. Kains, 
 
 class quality, 
 lie patches of 
 timber with 
 ; good land; 
 
 J81. 
 
 me clay loam 
 knolls. The 
 r and willow, 
 ist wards, the 
 3tions 24 and 
 1 1. On the 
 se islands of 
 
 lere is a good 
 
 lay loam soil, 
 ave a slight 
 . a clay loam 
 nds of small 
 Kcept Section 
 1 has some 
 deep.— C. jP. 
 
 3k. The soil 
 rhe water is 
 
 red from the 
 ch light soil, 
 s. The west 
 arshy, except 
 marshy land, 
 ■. poplar and 
 is clay loam, 
 illy the south 
 ads of poplar 
 s ponds and 
 
 be drained, 
 of timber for 
 southern tier 
 
 le clumos of 
 all meadows, 
 ices were all 
 
 33. 
 
 'Unonships WeU of Second Initial Meridian.— Range II. 28 
 
 covered with water, sometimes 3 to 4 feet deep. It is a fair affri- 
 cultural country, the uneven surface furnishing arable land for 
 either a wet < dry season. The soil is, m the,main, a good black 
 clay loam. The line crosses a lakelet oix Section 34, and on 81 a 
 long narrow lake.— W^. Ooi/vie, 1880. 
 
 , ?^*^ ^?®5 ^"^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^l^^'^? PJ"*^i"e <Jn the west the south- 
 erly two-thirds consists ot a light soil clas.siug 2 and S, and the 
 northerly third clay loam class 1 ; some marshes and small wood 
 Along the east there are scattered poplars, with willow and under- 
 brush. Section 26 has a stony and light soil, and 36 is low and 
 marshy. Generally the land is a light loam, covered with much 
 second-growth poplar and dense willow undor^-rowth. Where 
 there are valleys or dtpressious there are generally marshes in 
 them.— O F. Milts, 1880 » J 
 
 Sub-divisfon— For the greater part Wooded with poplar, up 
 i ^^''t^'' "' diameter, and containing a great number of lakes 
 and marshes, so that it may be regarded as unattractive for settle- 
 ment, boil, third class.— /«o. Hil/, iSM. 
 
 Ouilines.~The north, west and east boundaries are rolling prairie 
 Va^ao? ^°?"*^t^e soil a rich clay loam, class 1. except Sections 
 84 and 81, which ai-e low and swampy. The east has scattered 
 poplar bluffs ; soil somewhat gravelly, but rates nearly class 1. 
 [i^*^®*^^ee southern sections of the west there are occasional 
 blutts ot poplar and scrub ; the soil is gravelly and the land rates 
 Class I I he three remaining sections r ite class 1, the soil beiuff a 
 rich clay loam. There is a large area of marsh land on the north 
 halt ot bection 31, and small marshes occur at intervals all alonff 
 the line. A cart trail from Quill Lake crosses on Section 30.-- 
 T. Brummond, 1880. 
 
 Sub-d>vision.—FTa.i-de land of verv good quality and well 
 watered. There is a quantity of brush in the south-eagt part. 
 Ihere are numbers of marshes in tho central portion —G B 
 Bet/lister, 1880. 
 
 24. Ouf lines. —The surface on all the boundaries is rolling prairie. 
 The north is covered with thick scrub aud some poplar bluffs, and 
 the soil is.a fine gravelly loam; class 1, except near an alkaline 
 lake m Sections 35 and 36. On the west, for the first four miles 
 going north the soil is a rich clay loam, gravelly in a few places, 
 and the land rates class 1 brom thence it is classes 2 and 3 the 
 soil being gravelly and light. There arc a good many scattered 
 marshes. ;ihe east contains poplar Muffs, and occasional wet 
 places where there is thick wnllow scrub. The soil is a rich clay 
 loam ; class l.—T. Drummond, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division.--TheTQ are two lakes and several creeks of good 
 water, although a few ponds have an alkaline taste. The soil is 
 a rich, heavy clay loam. There is not much building timber.— 
 /. /. Burrows, 1882. 
 
 QIC r\..ti^ rtn. .11. •• ... -,-_ 
 
 '_-Krc.tt7tc3. -=1.1X0 iioxza IS prairie, with scattered bluiis and willow 
 scrub. The soil is a rich loam, class 1, except on Section 31, 
 where it is somewhat gravelly. A lair supply of surface water. 
 
 
 
 H^i 
 
91 
 
 TmitHships Went vt Second Initial Mrridiun.. — Rnnffe II. 
 
 Th»' wo8t has scattored poplar bluffs and scrub, and a gravelly 
 soil, olasseii 2 and 8. iSection 81 is somewhat alkaline, and on 
 SHcitioiiA and 7 tht^re is a small lake and long marsh. The eaat 
 is, mori^ or loss, covered with thick scrub. tSoil, a rich clay loam, 
 clasH I. Small marshes are numerous. Very large marshes occur 
 on JSeclions 24 and 25 ; on the former are sevc-T poplar bluffs. — 
 T. Drummond, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division.— Tho land is vary good ir: some parts, inferior 
 in others. Tho timlier is large eziough lor building, fuel and 
 fencing. Th«< water is generally good, but there are a few ponds 
 containing watc^r having a bitter tatte. — D. C. O'Ketffe, IfebO. 
 
 1M. Oullinra — The north is open and undulating prairie, with som® 
 poplar blulls. 8oil generally class 1. — A. L. Russe/I, IH^O. 
 
 The Wdst is rolling j)rairie ; soil gravelly; class 2. Thick 
 scrub on Section 7, a larg(5 marsh on 18 and another on JO. The 
 whole of the easL lin(^ is j)oor. being either marshy, gravelly or 
 alkaline. — T. Diummond, IHhO. 
 
 Suh-dnu'sintt — The soil is black clay, of superior quality, well 
 watered by running streams and porulH containing good water. 
 The timber will be uselul lor fen«'ing and luel. — D. C. O'Keefe, 
 1880 
 
 SW, Oiitlints. — Tlu' north is rolling prairie, soil generally a fair sandy 
 loam, classes i and U. The west is more or less wooded on the 
 southern sections witti poj)lar and willow. Soil, sandy or clay 
 loam, class 1. A creek of good water, about 18 feet wid(> and 2 
 feet deeiv crosses on Si'ction .HO, flowing west. Sections 1, 12, 86 
 and the south half of 'J > on the east line, consist of rolling or level 
 prairie, with a black, sandy loam soil, class 1. The balance of the 
 land is generally rolling and more or less covered by bluffs of 
 willows and small poplars ; it rates class 2, except on the 
 northern part of Seeti< n 18, where there is a large boggy marsh. — 
 Q:C. Rfiinhoth, 1880. 
 
 Snbiii'i'ision.— T\n' soil is rich, black, sandy loam, varying 
 from 1 to 2 teet in depth Gravelly sub-soil. The country is well 
 watered with creeks lud ponds, ond there is plenty of timber from 
 4 to t? inches in diameter.— ii. W. Lendrum, 1880. 
 
 US. Onih'^t'a — The first tlnee miles of the north boundary, going east, is 
 princii>ally rolling or undulating prairie, with a light gravelly 
 soil There is »ui area of heavy poplar on Section 81, and a few 
 smaller c!unip> of poplar, willow and scrub at intervals. .Section 
 84 is rated class 1. Section •h,'), covered by dense willow under- 
 brush, mingled with fillen timber and some heavy poplar, rates 
 classes 1 to '..V All the rest of the land is cliiss 2. On Section 86 
 is a lake about 80 chains wide, bordered bv marsh — A. L. Russell, 
 187 15. 
 
 1 he west is rolling country, with occMsior.al clumps of poplar 
 and willow. Soil, s;uidy or day loam. The land rate."? class 1. 
 There is quite an area of marsh on Section :^1, and t^tveral small 
 marshes on 1m and 80. The cast is level and rolling j^airie. With 
 fretjuent bluffs of willow and small poplar. Section 1- and the 
 
99. 
 
 Tbwnthipt West of Second Initial* Meridian.— Itanfre II. 2& 
 
 adjoining half of 1, rate clags 1 ; Section 25 and thp north half of 
 '24, class 8, and the balance of the land class 2. There are many 
 small marshes.-- G^. C. Rath both, 1880. 
 
 S«6-rfiwmon.— Rolling prairie, with numorouB lakes and 
 marsh( 8 and poplar bluffs. The soil is a rich, black loam, from 9 
 inches to 2 feet in depth. Gravelly subsoil— 22. W. Lendrum, 1882. 
 
 0«//tne'».— North and west generally level prairie, a good many 
 marshes ; some poplar and willow ; soil a dark loam ; agricultural 
 rating, class 2. Between Sections 80 and 31 is a lake about 27 
 chains wide, and a little north of it an extensive wet marsh. The 
 soil eastwards is generally a dark sandy loam. There are scatter- 
 ed poplars and much willow underbush. Some parts swampy, 
 and several creeks with good water cross the line. Sections 86| 
 18 and the adjoining portions of 12 and 1 rate class 1, and the 
 balance of the land class 2.— (?. C. Rainboth, IHSO. 
 
 Sub divisfc\.—Thv surface of this township is gently undu- 
 lating and overgrown in places with small poplar and brushwood. 
 The soil is a sandy loam, of an average depth of 12 inches, with a 
 reddish clay subsoil. The trail trom C^u'Appelle to Pelly runs 
 across the township in a north-easterly direction —R. W. Lett' 
 drum, 1882. 
 
 3©. Of<//mM— North- roUino-, (^lass 1, heavy poplar bluffs in poplar and 
 willow scrub ; some slouj^hs The White Sand River, in Section 
 86, is about 1" feet deep and has a one mile current, aiid in Section 
 81 there is a small clear cr.'ok.- A. L. Rusull. I8h0. 
 
 The west is rolling prairie ; soil, a rich black loam, but the 
 land, being low and wet, rates class ii. Some poplar and willow. 
 'I he east is a very lair country ; scattered poplar and willows, the 
 latter dense in places ; soil, a black sandy loam, mostly class 1. 
 The "White Sand River, about 60 feet broad, crosses Section 36, 
 and immediately east of the line is entert'd by a creek from the 
 south-west. Sections 86, 26 and 12 rate class 2, and the rest of 
 the land class l.— G. C. Rainboth, 18bO. 
 
 iS^b-division.—The suriace is gently undulating, with a soil 
 of an average depth of 12 inches, with a dark yellowish clay sub- 
 soil. The northern half of the township is, to a considerable 
 extent, overgrown with poplar, generally of small growth, and 
 contains numerous ponds and marshes, with a lew lakes. The 
 south-east quarter is not so thickly overgrown as the north half, 
 and the south-west quarter still less so. Timber can be had for 
 building purposes, and lor lencing and fuel.— iJ. W. Lendrum, 
 
 »2. Oi/^/i«e.t.— North— densely wooded with willows, poplar, sprue 
 and tamarac. Numerous lakes, marshes and ponds. A winding- 
 stream, called Stony Creek, is crossed three times on Section 34 
 and once on d5. The soil consists of 8 to 10 inche.s of alluvium 
 on a clay or sandy subsoil, and is all class 8, except on Section 81, 
 ..:,,,,.. ,, ic '_iacr3 .1. XX iiaii iium rvri niiy to mo ASSinaDOlue 
 River is crossed on the latter section. On Section 31, on the west 
 boundary, going south, an arm of "Witouche Lake extends east- 
 
^ lowHships Wett of Second Initial Meridian.-^Range II. 
 
 ward across the line and connects with Lake of the "Woods. 
 Between this and the timbered banks of the Assinaboine River, 
 which is crossed on the latter part of the third mile, the surface 
 is ^mainly prairie. Bulldog Marsh in the north, and a belt of 
 timber, about 50 rods w^ide, in the south of Section 80. Along the 
 three remaining miles the country is covered with thick scrub, 
 inters ersed by a few clumps of scattered poplar and spruce. 
 On Section 6 a small creek proceeds northward, on the east of the 
 line. The land is all class 8, except the north half of Section 19, 
 which rates class 2, and is crossed by a trail to For' Pelly. The 
 soil consists of 6 to 18 inches of alluvium on a clay or sandy clay 
 subsoil. — P. H. Dumais, lb83. 
 
 Outlines.— The first live miles of the west boundary, going north, is 
 principally Kcrubby prairie, with a few stray patches of poplar and 
 scattered spruce. The greater part of the sixth mile passes 
 through pop! 'r and spruce woods. It is crossed near the middle 
 by a branch « f Stony Creek^ the main stream of which traverses 
 Sections 19 'ind 7. in the southern part oi' the latter is a lake 16 
 chains wide, and in the north of Section 6 is a large pond, near 
 which is it road to Fort Pelly The land rates class S, the average 
 depth of alluvial soil beiug about 10 inches ; subsoil clay. — P H. 
 Dumais, IbSS. 
 
 a». 
 
 ■ 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range III. 
 
 Outlines.— For the first IJ miles, along the west boundary going 
 north, the land rates class 2, and the balance of the second mile 
 class 1, the surface thus far being rolling prairie, and the soil 
 gravelly loam. From thence northwards, and along the northern 
 boundary, the country is rolling, broken and generally very stony, 
 and id all class 3. Near the middle of the sixth mile the line is 
 crossed by the t^ouris river flowing east ; its width is 64 yards, 
 and along its banks are a few maples and elms. The valley is 
 wide and deep. It courses across the north of the township and 
 leaves on Section 3(i, flowing north-east. The soil on this section 
 is a good clay loam, class 1 on the north, and class 2 on the south 
 of t he river. The next three southern miles consist of a sandy 
 loam soil, rated alternately classes 1 and 2. On the northern half 
 of ti^ectioii 12 the line crosses a lake 83 yards wide, and extending 
 east and west for fome distance, tn this vicinity the land is 
 stony, and rates class 8 1 he remainder of the country iu rolling 
 pr.iirie, with a gravelly loam soil, class 1. The Fort Ellice trail 
 crooses Section -o. — T. tS. Gore, 1881. 
 
 The south is rolling and undulating prairie. Soil, class 2. No 
 wood or water — W. Peara; 1880. 
 
 Suh-division.—Tra.xerBiid and much broken by the Sonris 
 River, and the numerous creeks, gulches and ravines connecting 
 with it. These are generally fringed with ash, elm, maple and 
 
2. 
 
 !S. 
 
 *t^wn»hip» Went of f cond Initial Meridian.^ hunge III, 2t 
 
 willows. Many portions of the township are densely covereA 
 with hops and other creeper, and shrubs. The south west c^?2^ 
 18 fair agricultural land.-Smc/aiV and francis, 1881 
 
 2'''^^i^It,T^J^V^ ""^ undulating prairie soil, class 
 
 Pearl! 1880 '^^' '''^'''^ °'' °'' ^^- ^° wood.-PF. 
 
 TSTnrfwl'''''^'''- °^*^'^ township in all rolling and without wood 
 North the soil is a clay loam, class 2. West, it is also cCs 2 
 excepting m the south-west where it is class 8, the land bein^' 
 generally stony Numerous small marshes occur t.ward Sf 
 class 8 the su f,^^;b'''^'r^t'' ^' excepting Section 1. whichrates 
 e1r:nVlii^eTot-n.'(^:'e^^^^ 
 
 Sub-division.— This township is generally slightly rolling 
 
 Csn':/'''^^* '" *^« ^^'^tl^^^'^ part, whire deeJravfnesU from 
 the bouris River up into the first tier of sections. The soS a^^ 
 rul. IS light, sandy loam, and in a few sections would be ia^^ly 
 good for farming. There are a great many small ponds and Se 
 fhetho?^'th^T '' V^' »>est quality an'd very Fuxurianf On 
 the whole, the township would l>e better suited to grazing than 
 farming purposes ~A. L. Poudrier, 1881. grazing tnan 
 
 Outline,— The north is rolling prairie, with a clay loam soil i 
 generally stony or gravelly, classes 2 and 3. Small marshes are 
 numerous toward the ea^t No wood. The east has a day W 
 f^l TiV'f o^^ '• n^'l'?'' 24, however, rates 8. and the Idjo^ 
 2l)f''\^^ °^f « 2. There are many small marshes along Se 
 central portion of this line — T. S. Gore, l881. 
 
 West-rolling prairie, with a black loam soil. Sections 6 19 
 and the north halt oi 18 rate class 1, and the balance of the land 
 class 2. Numerous small marshes occur on the two northern 
 sections, and there are also a few on Section 7. No wood.— T. 
 
 •PdWCBtt^ looX. 
 
 Sub-division.~mi attractive for settlement, being much 
 broken with deep water marshes and totally devoid of timber 
 Soil— very candy ; generally third class.—/. A. Garhert, 1881. ' 
 
 4. 0«^/mes.-North-undulating prairie, with a brownish claT loam 
 soil, over clay. J<ection 88, the eastern half of 34 and the west of 
 
 if/""? ^'S^^n,u^5^uP,°''^'°''^ ""^ * ^°"^' winding, deep coulee, and 
 rate class 2. The balance of the land is class 1. One or more 
 small ponds or hay marshes occur on every section.—/. McLaichie 
 
 lool. * 
 
 Both west and east are rolling prairie, with a clay loam soil 
 —gravelly and class 2 in the west, and class 1 in the east Small 
 marshes are numerous, chiefly in the south-west, and occur at 
 long intervals along the east line. There is no wood on either 
 line. — 1 aS. Gore, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— Vra.ixiQ ; clay soil, broken by gravelly knolls 
 and sloughs.— P.^iir*!*/. 1881. 
 
 5. OM?/tn«s— The surface of the township appears all rolling prairie 
 In the north the soil is a dark loam. The land rates class 1^ 
 
 imy 
 
 f"»? 
 
28 Towmhtpn Weti (^ Second Initial Meridian— Range III. 
 
 g except on Section 86 and the western half of 86, where it is class 
 2. In the west there are many meadows and marRhes, and a 
 good soil, class 1. In the east there are a few deep ravines, and 
 the soil generally is a clay loam over clay. The land rates class 
 1, except on Section 80, where it is class 2. "Water scarce ; no 
 wood.— T. Fawcett, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Prairie ; the soil is a clay loam ; there is a 
 number of small, scattered grassy ponds. — /. tVarren, 1»81. 
 
 •. Outlines.— AW rolling and undulating prairie, with a dark loamy 
 soil ; class 1. Along the north small marshes or meadows 
 occur on ev^^ry section, except 82. No wood or running water. 
 Along the west large marshes and meadows occur on Sections 80 
 and 18. On the east line ijoany small meadows occur on the three 
 southern sections, and on Section 86. No wood.— T. Fawcett, 1881. 
 Sub-division.— kW prairie, with a good deal of silver poplar 
 scrub, sufficiently undulating to admit of drainage. Several large 
 ponds, with good water. Meadow land in considerable areas. 
 Soil, clay and sandy loam, with clay and sand subsoil, occasion- 
 ally mixed with limestone gravel ; first and second class. Some 
 gravel ridges.- D. C. GKeeffe, 1881. . 
 
 7.. Outlines.— T\\& north is rolling and undulating. On Sections 84 
 i and 35 there is a creek of good water, averaging about ]6 feet in 
 width, 2 feet in depth, current one mile per hour, general course 
 south-cast. The land rates class 1 throughout. The west is 
 Tolling prairie, class 1. On Section 19 is a ravine, in which 
 is Moose Mountain Creek, about 25 feet wide, 3 feet deey, 
 current I J miles per hour, course east. Several large ponds on the 
 three southern sections. Going south on the east boundary, a 
 fresh water creek passes alongside i;ill Section 23 is reacl. d, where 
 ihe stream winds to and fro along the Mne for over half a mile 
 and then proceeds in a south-westerly direction. The average 
 width of this creek is 32 feet, depth \\ feet, current ]J miles an 
 hour. The land rates class I to the middle of ihe next mile, as 
 also on Section 1 and the adjoining half of 12, where the surface 
 is undulating and level. "What remains is all class 2 Section 13 
 has a ravine and also a valley over half a mile wide, in which is a 
 creek, similar to that just described. Many large ponds occur on 
 the two southern sections. There is no wood. — G. E. Wolff, 1881. 
 i:vh-divinon.—Veiri\j level and partly rolling prairie. The 
 soil is a black, sandy loam. Traversed by Moose Mountain Creek, 
 a rapid stream, having several capital mill sites. — S. Brodie, 1881. 
 
 fiL Outlines. — The northern portion of this township lies along the 
 base of Moose Mountain. In the deep ravines of the hills there 
 is some poplar and birch. The land is rather broken and stony 
 for agriculture, but will answer admirably for the pasture of sheep. 
 The hills and the small lakes give the country a picturesque 
 appearance. The line crosses two small creeks on Section 35 and 
 oTirwfVi.iii. /-jTj 90 Kh--'H HtTeaTT! bsi.°. H. ranid current, crood woter. and 
 flows south. The Wood Mountain trail crosses on Sectioii 86. — 
 O. J. Klotz, 1881. 
 
dark loamy 
 r meadows 
 ning water. 
 
 Sections 80 
 on the three 
 awcett, 1881. 
 lilver poplar 
 leveral large 
 srable areas. 
 )il, occasion- 
 ;la8S. dome 
 
 Sections 84 
 ut 16 feet in 
 neral course 
 ?he west is 
 5, in which 
 I feet deey, 
 ponds ontlio 
 boundary, a 
 ich d, where 
 r half a mile 
 The average 
 ]^ miles an 
 next mile, as 
 i; the surface 
 Section 13 
 n which is a 
 lids occur on 
 '. Wolff, 1881. 
 :)rairie. The 
 mtain Creek, 
 Brodie, 1881. 
 
 es aloiig the 
 le hills there 
 'n and stony j 
 ure of sheep. 
 I picturesque I 
 iction 35 and 
 id woter. and! 
 Seclioii 86. — I 
 
 T(>vn»hip$ West of Second Initial Meridian— Range III. 29' 
 
 West and east— the surface is undulating and level prairie 
 
 and the land rates class 1 except on Section 81, whichT c^ri: 
 
 Xhe west line is crossed m this section by a cart trail to Wood 
 
 ^ Mountain, and on 19 by a creek, 20 feet wide and U feet de^ 
 
 S^oZ'-r^f '^' ^'' ^?ri '^^^ «^«* '^'^^ i«<^^°«««d thJee times ?n 
 Section 1 , and once on 12, by a creek of good water flowing south 
 
 ^^:it::'^^T^j/^sr''- '» """'"" ■ »°™"'' '* ^"- 
 
 Hub-division.-Lerel prairie, with the i oeption of the north 
 
 Mon« L « ^ T ^^™ i'"' °^" '''*?""' ^^^^^ ^^^^' »n P"^^* of Moose 
 Mountain Two creeks run south from the mountain. The town- 
 
 Stllalt llsh ^°"^'' '^^^' '""^ '' ^ «*"^y loam.-/. 
 
 ». Outiines.-North- the eastern half is in White Bear's Indian 
 
 Reserve^ 1 he country is rough, hilly and thickly timbered ^^th 
 
 poplar, balm of Gilead and some birch, averaging 4 to 10 inchS 
 
 m diameter. Section 31 is low and swampy.^ S?il is sand "claS 
 
 y^st-roiJgh, hilly country, some parts rolling. It has deep 
 
 S?e'ad aSS""'-?l'"^ ^'^^ ^^4"^«• ^''' '^^'^ P^P^^^ and balm of 
 gilead and willow underbrush. Soil sandy, class 3. There are 
 
 Trf^n Jr K^ P'^f ' ^1?-^ '^^''^''- T^« «°^'^*^™ tier of sections 
 tZZ?}^ ^-T'^^ ,'°"'^^.^ ?'^^"" '^^« remaining portion is well 
 timbered with poplar, birch, ash, maple and a de.se' undergrowth 
 
 « 1^ tL •f'*' f^ numerous lakes, ponds and marshes tfrough- 
 sTtLmet-i/r^::^^"^^^^^ *°""^^^P '' ""^^^^^^^^ ^'^ P'--* 
 8outh-oltogother on the southern slopes of Moose Mountain 
 rather broken and stony for farming, but we.l a5apteT?or the 
 
 wSIt"; I '?• 1^°"' '"l""'""^ ^^°^ i" tl^e rivines. The 
 Wood Mounlam trail crosses the south-east corner -O. /. Klotz, 
 
 Svb-divi.swn.—i:he soil is a rich clay loam, but owiu- to 
 roughness of the country generally, the /and will be olf^lse^ 
 ;^Wi ^ meantime, for grazing purposes. The poplar timber 
 
 which covers the^most of the range, will be the source of supply 
 for fuel and other purposes for settlers in the future. Water 
 gcod. Nommerals.-~/.^.O^z7m>,18Sla«rfl883. 
 
 10. O^/Z/tW-v.-This township is heavily timbered with ash, maple 
 poplar, white birch and a dense undergrowth of hazel. TL^^dl 
 with^iruit^ • ^"f «« /bout one-third of the area is covered 
 iT, .fiMni lak'^s. ponds and marshes, the rough character renders 
 it unfat ior agriculture.- Jf. Hart, 18H1 
 
 Subdivision —1st report- Woodland, with aplentiful -rowth 
 of poplar, balm of gi ead, some white birch, ash, and Tery d71. 
 
 purposes. Lakes and ponds, with genei V verv bad watef 
 occupy about half the entire area. Sect. \ ll and 3 are 
 included m the reserve of Whifp R^«t.'« Ko„^ rrv„ „„_" . f o 
 heavy, rolling character, .-oil- salidy,' wilh a ^ubsdrg^i^rally 
 sandy and stony ; third class.-Z /. Garon, 1881. generally 
 
 ^1' 
 
80 
 
 ThwHthips Wett of Second Initial Meridian— Rau/rt III 
 
 2nd repovt— Situated on the Moose Mountain, and is too muoh 
 broken by lakes, sloughs and hills to be fit for agricultural pur- 
 poses. The soil is a sandy loam ot about 1 foot deep, with a sand^ 
 subsoil in the valleys, and gravel on the ridges Covored with 
 poplar of an average diameter of 10 inches ; some birch, 8 inches ; 
 also a deuso growth of hazel and willow undnrbruah. Thw water 
 in the lakos is good. The south part of the township is broken by 
 White iieiir's Indian reserve.—^. C. Mc Phi/lips, 1885. 
 
 11. OuUines. -North, west and east— rolling i)rairie, with an excellent 
 soil and occasional ponds of water. The southern portion lies on 
 the north slope of Moose Mountain, and is covered with bluffs of 
 poplar, willow and dnnse scrub, interspersed by ponds, lakes and 
 marshes. Owing to the broken character of the surface, this part 
 of the township is best suited to grazing, "but the northern portion 
 is well adapted for farming — / G. Sinfr, 1H81. 
 
 Sub-division. —'Pra.me, dotted w a clumps of poplar and 
 willow, and broken by ponds and marshes. The dry sections are 
 well adapted to tillage. Some of the timber is 12 inches in 
 diameter; abiiudance of water — J. McAree, 1881. 
 
 12. Outlines. — The north is high-rolling prairie, with a rich sandy Icam. 
 soil. There are occasional hay swamps and ponds, and a few 
 small gravel ridges. Wejl adapted for farming — A. C Webb, 1881. 
 
 West, east and south— this township can scarcely be surpassed 
 for agricultural purposes. The surface is rolling prairie, with 
 occasional ponds, and the soil a rich black mould, varving from 6 
 to 24 inches in depth, on a subsoil of clay or sandy loam It Ib 
 well watered and convenient to timber districts — .7. G Sing, 1881. 
 
 Sub-f/iviKton.— The. north part is altogether rolling prairie, with 
 a few small marshes. There is but little timber, in small poplar 
 groves and fit for nothing beyond fencing. A small brook runs 
 north-east, containing good water. That in the ponds and marshes 
 is also generally fresh. Soil, a rich clay loam, slightly mixed with 
 limestone gra\ el, principally in ridges ; uniformly first-class. — E. 
 a Caddy, 1881. 
 
 13. OM«/i«es.— North, west and east -rolling prairie with numerous 
 small ponds and marshes. Soil, sandy loam and gravel on a clay 
 subsoil. The north line is crossed by three small creeks, two of 
 which are on the western half ot Section 34, and the other about 
 one mile further west. There is no wood. On Section 12 the east- 
 ern boundary crosses a cart trail to Fort Ellice.— ^. F. Cotton, 
 
 1881. 
 
 , Sub division.— QtQVLi\Y rolling prairie, with numerous small 
 marshes aud ponds, in which the water is fresh. Soil, a sandy 
 loam, about 10 inches deep, with a clay subsoil ; uniformly first 
 class.—/. /. McKenna, 1882. 
 
 14. Outlines.— The north is somewhat .ough and broken by the Pipe- 
 siLone Rivftr and valley. Has a clay loam soil, bluffs of young 
 poplar and some brush. The agricultural rating is class 2. The 
 river is about 20 feet broad and 4 feet deep.— il. C. Thomson, 1881. 
 
too muoh 
 ural pur- 
 ith a sand 
 >red with 
 8 inches ; 
 rh« water 
 brokeuby 
 
 I excellent 
 on lies on 
 I bluffs of 
 lakes and 
 , this part 
 rn portion 
 
 )plar and 
 ctions are 
 inches in 
 
 indy loam, 
 md a few 
 ''ebb, 1881. 
 surpassed 
 irie, with 
 ag from 6 
 im It iB 
 ling, 1881. 
 airie, with 
 all poplar 
 rook runs 
 d marshes 
 lixed with 
 class. — E. 
 
 numerous 
 on a clay 
 ks, two of 
 ther about 
 I the east- 
 F. Cotton, 
 
 ous small 
 i1, a sandy 
 rmly first 
 
 the Pipe- 
 i of young 
 88 2. The 
 ison, 1881. 
 
 1hwnship$ West of Second Initial Meridian —Ranfff. III. 81 
 
 Outlines.— T\ie surface on the west/eaat and south, is usually 
 gently rolling praine. Alluvial soil, a good, dark sandy loanL 
 sometimes mixed with gravel ; subsoil, clay. A great many creekZ 
 marshes and small ponds are crossed by the north and east 
 boundaries, among which is the Pipestone Creek on Section 24 
 flowing eastward through a valley about half a mile wide the 
 northern slope of which is thickly wooded with poplar. Section 
 18 IS bushy and is crossed by a stream flowing south-east. A little 
 past the third mile going north, the west line passes along a creek 
 flowing north. Several small ponds occur on Section 6 —A F 
 Cotton, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division —(^Qnilj undulating, with numerous deep 
 swamps and gullies. Traversed by the Pipestone Creek. Abun- 
 dant supply of wood for fuel and fencing.— il. Hamel, 1881. 
 15. Outlines.~ThQ north, west and east is open, rolling prairie ; good 
 clay loam soil, class 1 ; heavy grass. The eastern half is rough, 
 with a few poplar bluffs and numerous omall ponds. West— 
 Numerous marshes were crossed. Soil, clay loam ; Section 1 is 
 greatly cut up by the Pipestone River, a large lake on the west 
 half, and hills averaging 100 feet high. • There are prairie open- 
 mgs in the north and south quarters ; the land is good, class 1. 
 Ihe Pipestone Kiver in this sefction is 10 feet wide, 2 feet deep, 
 and has a current of 6 miles an hour. Ihere are poplar bluffs all 
 along the east line and, in places, small marshes.— 4. C. Thomson, 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— Ihe soil is excellent, but there is a number of 
 marshes. Pipestone Creek runs through the south-west portion 
 of the township.— ^Mrc A eV/ and Davis, 1881. 
 
 1«. Outlines.— The north is undulating prairie, with poplar and wil- 
 low scrub bluffs, and a few pond hcles. The soil is all class 1 • 
 the extreme west is svanpy, and rated class 2.— Wm. Pmrce 
 
 18bl. ' 
 
 The west is rolling prairie, 'vrith willow and small poplar, and 
 numerous small marshes. Soil, good clay icam, class 1. Cart 
 trail to Qu'Appelle crosses the south half of Section 30. Good 
 farming and grazing land. The east is rolling prairie, with a 
 good clay loam soil, class 1. There is a grassy creek in Section 36 ; 
 and from Section 13 southwards there are scattered poplar trees 
 and underbrush, with some small marshes —A C. Thompson, 1881. 
 Sub-divisioti.—l^me-tenthB of the township may be considered 
 adapted foriarming, being good soil, well watered and timbered. 
 The remainder is partly sand and swamp.— 5. L Brabazou, 1882. 
 18. Outlines— The north boundary is along hilly and broken country' 
 with some deep ravines coursed by small, cl';ar streams. On the 
 uplands there are numbers of willow and grass swamps. Generally 
 north of the Qu'Appelle Eiver the country is classes 2 and 8, and 
 undulating, with clumps c f willows and scattered bluffs of small 
 ^ *v^v i?°r*^ °^ *^f Qu'Appelle is an Indian Reserve. The 
 soutxi iiaif of the east boundary lies in the valley of the Qu'Appelle 
 River. The flats of the valley are composed of good soil, but the 
 
 m 
 
 ;n'. 
 
^ 7}*ttniMpt West of Second Initial Meridian -Range III. 
 
 banks and ravines are rough, gravelly and wooded, their height 
 being about 800 feet. The north half is rolling, dass 2. inter- 
 
 irtTfai7if-5i:^s,°^^^^^^^^^ ^^^'« '''' ^^-" '**^^- «^-<^- 
 
 -u f*f-''«"'«o>»-The laud about Round Lake is beautifully 
 situated and combines everv attraction for seltloment. The rest 
 ot the to^ynshlp is covered with scrub. The south part of the 
 township 18 included m an Indian reserve.- W^ a«rf 2). Beattj,, 
 
 19A. OMj/mw.—The north is open and scrubby prairie, with a few 
 small groves of poplar toward the west. On Section 88 is a 
 sluggisL stream called Oak Creek, The soil is rich and the land 
 rates class ].— FT. T. Thompton, 1880. 
 
 The west is hilly prairie, with poplar and willow bluffs and 
 numerous swamps ; cla^s 2. The east is rolling soil, class 1 : 
 scattered clumps of willow.— T. JTatw*, 1881. 
 
 ^«6-//iymo».— Alternate prairie and scrub, with a few hav 
 
 marshes. Well adapted for grazing.— Tf. and D. Beatty, 1881. 
 
 1». 0«j/t«M.-The north, west and east consist of prairie, with clay 
 
 and black Icam soil, class 1. In several of the eastern sections 
 
 /?^Sf !^ scattered islands of dense willow and small poplar.— C. 
 
 Sub-dt «;wton.— Rolling prairie, with numerous bluffs of poplar 
 and willow and a large number of swamps. No timber fit for 
 building. Soil-m most of the dry land a good, black loam, but 
 someof It 18 of Ppor quality and stony; classified second-rate 
 throughout.— ii. C. Mc Phillips, 1881. 
 
 ao. Outlines —Little Cut Arm Creek crosses the north boundary fire 
 or 81X times. The soil is a rich clay loam ; there are some bluffs 
 01 poplar. In the east there is also a rich clay loam soi' There 
 are a lew ponds and marshes and some willows, but no timber, 
 in tne west the land rates claaees 1 and 2.—C. F Miles 1880 
 
 S«6.</iuisio«._Generally level, end very wet, at least oue- third 
 ot the surface being marsh, rendering the township only fit for 
 grazing purposes. The timber consists of groves of poplar of 
 small size, alfording a limited amount of fuel. The soil on the 
 Higher parts is inferior, being gravelly. On the level parts are 
 many boulders which would greatly interfere with successful 
 cultivation.— 2'. W. Walshy 1881. 
 
 0«</mes.-rhe north is rolling prairie, with a clay loam soil, class 
 1 on bections 33 and 34, and either light or mar/hy land on the 
 balance, rating classes 2 or 3. The south half of the township is 
 low, undulating prairie, and the north half has scattered islands 
 of poplar and wiLow. The whole eastern side is very wet and 
 marshy, except Sections 1 and 12, which are class 1. The western 
 side has a clay loam soil, class 1. Section 31 is wet and marshy, 
 and class 2— C. F, Miles, 1880. ^ 
 
 Sub-division.— Bnilding stone along the banks of the Little 
 
 bush m tne north-west of the township. The Prince Albert trail 
 crosses westward.— If. Wilson, 1881. 
 
 31 
 
^ bluffs and 
 oil, class 1 ; 
 
 a few hay 
 ty, 1881. 
 
 , with clay 
 em sections 
 poplar, — C. 
 
 ffs of poplar 
 aber fit for 
 : loam, but 
 second-rate 
 
 mdary fire 
 lome blafis 
 
 thejiittle 
 
 Poplar 
 
 Ibert trail 
 
 marshes The Wes Lm a J«i l7 »nd numerous p.nds and 
 v^et and marshy! Ten cla^« ^ '^ in Th^^' i'^u '' *^'°«P^ ^h«^« 
 thirds consists of a li^ht soil rI«^L 9"? V^^'^"*^«^^y t^»- 
 
 which is cij; 2' ^dti feh rciiT^'L'"" "' If""'" 8« 
 
 on sections SI, 82 and Se^^pllrl^elonaF "Th'"" '"."'^ 
 nearly all corored with a thirk »r«r.h % , 7^^ "est is 
 
 three southern scoti'miB «f +i^« - i i • A "" ***• On the 
 
 of poplar and scrub h?Inn line there are occasional bluffs 
 
 The three rem'al^^ni SctLl^r^^^^^^ ^^^.^t''^ ''^*«« '^^^ 2- 
 
 loam. There i "a S^arerof mVr hi ^' ^^ '?^ ^"^^» ^ "^^ ^1*7 
 and small marshes Sr at inL?.\f ^'^i*''' *^\"orth half of 36. 
 trail to Quill WsTsTr^st'on Secti^ ^""VdI '^"" /.H 
 S«6-rfry,*7o«.— The creater Lrf ?- ?. T .^'•"mwoK 1880. 
 poplar, the latter varyfnf f*om 1 inch tn^f^V" -^^^^""^ *"^ 
 supply being sufficieut to m^iL ?K E/^^^^s in diameter, the 
 
 andbiildi„|matnafforC;t^^^^^ ''^ f«ol. fencing 
 
 abundant sunplv of wdPv^/^fx^T- There is a super- 
 there IS also a kr^e extenfof Jo^T^T^'^l^ ^^^ ^"^^^t^' '^^d 
 ground is very mucrbrSln hT? ^'^^ ^«^^,' ^^^ ^^^ surface of the 
 
 124. Outlines.— The north is rollintr orairie ^r^A t\. -i • 
 
 loam, class 1, excapt on Sec Sto^sfwh Vh ?l.^^/°'^ '^ ^ "*^^ 
 Scattered poplar a^id Wuffs i? Secdoi li ^'T'"^' """^ 't'' «' 
 crossed ia. Section 33 also L^^rJi « S ^ .^*^^*^ "^^^^h wat. 
 
 ".5. There is a ?ake of ll-^ J?*^"-^'" °^« ^» Sections 34 and 
 35. tTc west is nearwn ''*^^' T' ^^ *^^ ""^'^^ o^ Section 
 willow, yomr>op ar and^ *A^ ^^*^ * .thick growth of 
 
 A cart 'trail crosses thfwel^^ T^er of 1' V'^ ^?^' ^^^« ^' 
 l^ situated on the we:t TotXrv VL^fJr.^n ^^^^.^^.^1 
 
 
84 ToWHshipB West of Second Initial Meridian — Range III 
 
 
 couth-west. In the east the soil is a rich clay loam, gravelly in 
 a few places. In the south two-thirds it is class l.and in the north 
 third it is gravelly and light, and classes 2 and 8. There are a 
 good many scattered marshes — no wood. — T. L ummond, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie. There are two large muskegs, 
 one in the centre of the township, the other towards the south. 
 Throujrh the former a swift creek runs northerly into the White 
 Sand Eiver. This creek would furnish good water power. The* 
 soil is a rich, sandy loam, and there is enough timber for fuel and 
 fencing. — J. J. Burrows. 1882. 
 
 25. Outlines. — All the boundaries are rolling prairie. On the north 
 the c!oil is gravelly on Sections 81, 88 and 86, class 2 ; and on 32, 
 34 and 35 it is a rich clay loam, class 1. Poplar bluffs on Section 
 4. Hills were crossed in Sections 81, 34 and 25. Muskegs in the 
 valleys of hills on Section 32. On the west there are poplar 
 bluffs and the soil is rich clay and gravelly loams, classes 1 and 
 3. Section 19 is an alkaline flat. Several small marshes were 
 crossed. The east has scattered poplar bluff's, and scrub, and a 
 gravelly soil, classes 2 and 8. Section 86 is somewhat alkaline, 
 and on Sections 1 and l^ there is a small lake and long marsh- — 
 T. Drummond, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Good soil ; traversed by a tributary of White 
 Sand River and several creeks. Timber good for fuel and fencing 
 purposes — D. C. O'Keeffe, 1880. 
 
 26. Outlines.— The north is open, undulating prairie. The soil is a 
 good loam, class 1. A creek crosses Section 31, flowing north ; it 
 is 20 links wide and 1 J feet deep ; its banks are low ; no valley. — 
 A. L. Russell. 1880. 
 
 On the .est the soil is a rich loam, in some places a good clay 
 subsoil, class 1, Several small marshes were crossed, and also a 
 range of hills. On the east the soil is gravelly, class 2. Thick 
 scrub on Section 12, a large marsh on Section 13, and another on 
 Section 24.— T Drummond, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, drained by numerous small 
 running creeks, containing good water. The soil is a black clay 
 and sandy loam,— D. C. U'Keefe, 1880. 
 
 27. Outlines — On the north the soil is a black sandy loam. Clumps 
 of poplar and willows ; many small marshes are scattered about, 
 and there is a creek of excellent water on Section 86. The agri- 
 cultural rating for the eastern two-thirds is class 1 , and for the 
 western third, class 2. On the west — the soil sandy loam and 
 black loam alternating ; scattered clumps of poplar and a fair 
 supply of marshes, rating class 2. On the east the soils are 
 black sandy and clay loam, all very good, and class 1. Many 
 clumps of willows, but very little poplar. An excellent creek 
 crosses Section 25. Size, 13 feet wide and 2 feet deep. — G. C. 
 Rainboth, 1880. 
 
 a number of marshes covered with grass, and two creeks, one to 
 the north and the other to the south of the township. The soil is 
 
28 
 
 Townships West oj Secot.d Initial Meridian.— Range III. 8& 
 
 a dark, rich, clay loam with clay subsoil. There are some poplar 
 groves and a good deal of scrub brush on the eastern side.-lj J. 
 McKenna, 1881. 
 
 Ou.'Hnes. The north is rolling or undulating prairie, with a few 
 bluffs of poplar and scrub. The soil is light and ^11 the land 
 ^tes class 2, except Section 35, where it classes 1 and 2. Section 
 81, the line is crossed by a creek flowing north. Crooked Lake, a 
 long sheet of water about 6 chains wide, and 4 feet deep, is crossed 
 near the western limit of Section 36, and a little west of it is a 
 carUrail running from Qu'Appelle to Fort Pelly.-^. L. Russell, 
 
 The west is rolling prairie, with scattered clumps of poplar 
 and willow. Several marshes wer< crossed about the centre of 
 the line ; also a trail to Fort Pelly crosses the south half of Sec- 
 tion 7 .^,oil IS generally sandy loam with black loam at intervals • 
 class 2. Dense undergrowth of willows in places. The east is 
 rolling country with occasional clumps of poplar and willow. 
 Soil, sandy or clay loam The land rates class 1. There is quite 
 ^m ^^i^^^^^on Section 36, and several small marshes on 24 
 and 2&.^Gf. C. Rainboth, lh80. 
 
 8iib-division.— Broken by sandy ridges and hay marshes • well 
 watered by running streams. Adapted for grazing.-/. Travndt, 
 
 Out'ines.~The north is level prairie ; sandy and gravelly kam 
 
 wuV l^^/S^ ^^^'' 2' P^P^^'* ^i*^ Willow under^owth. 
 White band River crosses the line abou< the centre. The west 
 IS rolling prairie, scattered bluffs of poplar and willow. A ffreat 
 naany marshes were crossed. Soil, black sandy and gravelly loams • 
 classes 1 and 2. The White Sand River crosses Sectioi 30 and 
 aows north-east, crossing the north boundary about the centre 
 Ic8 average depth is 1 feet; current 1 mile an hour; width 1 
 Cham ; water good ; good farming land. The east is open 
 prairie, with numerous marshes and ponds ; class 2 Several 
 *^v °?L vP?P^^^ °°^^^ Between Sections 26 and 36 is a lake 
 about 27 chains wide, and north ot it an extensive wet marsh.— 
 C?. C. Rainboth, 1880. 
 
 Outlines.— The north is rolling land, 6 inches of loam over a sandy 
 subsoil, borne heavy poplar in dense small poplar and willow 
 undergrowth. The White Sand River and Crooked Hill Creek 
 im flow east in proximity to the boundary —4. L. Russell, 
 
 The east is rolling prairie ; soil, a rich, black loam, but land 
 low and wet, rates class 2. Poplar and willow.— G^. C. Rainboth, 
 
 32. Sub'dimsion. -Smrejed the north and east boundaries and 
 sub-dmded the portion of the township lying north of the Assini- 
 bome River, which enters near the north-east corner of Section 31 
 
 29. 
 
 80. 
 
 T^i'-Ltii VTi tliC iiVCi" lis 
 
 and passes out on the south half nf 94 
 
 :5J yards at the former, and 87 yards at the latter point The 
 country consists of open and scrubby prairie, with frequent 
 
 
 U.J 
 
 _1|| 
 
86 Tbtonshipt West of Second Initial Meridicm.-^Rangt III. 
 
 intervals of woodland, the surface being gei rally level or gently- 
 rolling. Along the river banks there ib considerable spruce 
 timber, averaging from 7 to 20 inches in diameter, generally 
 sound, and reaching a height of 40 to 60 feet. Clumps and ridges 
 of poplar were also found, but the trees were usually rotten at that 
 heart. Building timber and fencing material, in sufficient quanti- 
 ties for the use of settlers, is very evenly distributed ; together 
 with plenty of wood for fuel, consisting of hew growth poplar 
 and aspen. The prairie land is very productive, being covered 
 with a good growth of grass of many varieties. The alluvial soil 
 varies in depth from 4 to 18 inches ; subsoil, clay. A trail be- 
 tween Fort Felly and Touchwood Hills passes through this part 
 of the township. Water is plentiful. Witouche Lake occupiea 
 nearly half of Section 36, and Bulldog Marsh the north-east 
 quarter of 26 : the former is surrounded by a belt of poplar 
 timber, and the latter is fringed with poplar and scrub. In the 
 north-east corners of Sections 34 and 24, respectively, are two fine 
 springs of excellent water. Section 13, and part of 12, is traversed, 
 by a creek, which empties into the Assiniboine. Between Section* 
 12 and 1 is a large marsh. There are a few other marshes and 
 sloughs, but all are dry in summer. The country abounds in 
 small game. — P. H. Dumais, 188a. 
 
 88. Sub-division. — Admirably adapted for settlement or stock-raising: 
 The surface is generally level or slightly rolling prairie, the 
 greater part being coverM with willows and new growth poplar. 
 Spruce, poplar and tamarac woods are scattered over the different 
 sections, in such a way as to be advantageous to settlers, in 
 sufficient quantities for building, fencing and fuel, and in place* 
 not accessible by prairie fires. The soil in the south-west part, 
 embracing, particularly. Sections 6, 6, 7, 8, 17, 18, 19, 30 and 31, is 
 composed of sand mixed with a very rich blsM^k loam, on a subsoil 
 consisting generally of sand, gravel and fossil. Elsewhere, thero 
 is an alluvial soil of black loam, 10 to 18 inches deep, with a rich 
 clay subsoil. Water is abundant and good. The Assinaboine 
 River, flowing south-east, passes diagonally through Section 6, 
 dividing it in two nearly equal parts. A winding stream, 20 t© 
 25 feet wide, and 1 to 3 feet deep, in dry weather, called Stony 
 Creek, enters the township near the north-west corner of Section 
 86, flows south-easterly to the north-east corner of Section 24,, 
 thence along the east boundary for about a mile ; and, after 
 traversing the adjoining portions of 18 and 12, passes out on the 
 northern part of the latter. There are about a dozen lakes in the 
 township, besides a number of large ponds. The principal are the 
 Mayflower, Outardes and G-uU, in the south-east ; Lake Crystal 
 in Sections 19 and 80, and a portion of Pike Lake extending east- 
 ward into 31. The latter is remarkable for the abnndance in its 
 waters of the fish from which it is named ; they are taken with 
 nets by the Indians in spring;, There is also good pike, dor6 and 
 carp in Stony Creek and in the Assinaboine The water of the 
 lakes is generally good and clear, especially in Crystal Lake. The 
 latter has an ouflet leading to another lake to the west ; the 
 
Thwnships West of Second Initial Meridian.-^Rangem. 8t 
 
 ous and probably all become dry d^rt^ sum2.\r%hris 
 a fine spring m the south-eab corner of Section 8 fmrnwuVk 
 issues a small stream of excellent water. tL occasio^^^^^^^^ 
 of o^en prairie are not large, but very productive, the vegetaHon 
 consisting of long grass, called beaver hay, mixed with wKJi 
 vetches, lucerne and many other plants peculiar to the reS* 
 The country abounds in game ; ducks of many varieSes wCd 
 geese swan, water-hen snipe, &c., would multiply Immense^ 
 the wolves, foxes, minks and polecats, without LeSSng the 
 birds of prey were not constantly destroying their eggs and vonnt 
 Partridges, pheasants and rabbits are met every wheffMoCafa 
 numerous, and the surrounding country is^nsidered a^^ 
 hunting ground by the Indians^of Fort^pSl^ The climafrS 
 
 Se?ofT«82'«f i^'"'' *^' '"/^"«^ ^'"^ (50«Llow zero) o^^^^^^^^^ 
 winter of 1882-83 being scarcely perceived, except by reference to 
 the thermometer ITie depth of snow from January to ApS™ 
 only about 6 inches ; the atmosphere was always clear 3 n^rf 
 with a bright sun and hardly any wind. The Xth of rprif ™ 
 
 boundary near the Assinaboine River.-P. H. Dulau\m 
 
 I, 
 
 t\ 
 
 
 8i*# 
 
 west ; the 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OF THE SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Ranok IV. 
 
 1. Outlines. — The north is principally rolling, stony prairie, and rates 
 class 8 throughout. The third mile, going west, spans the valley 
 through which the Souris River pursues a winding south-eastern 
 course, the stream is 170 feet wide, and bordered with small maple 
 and elm. For the first 1 J miles, along the east Iboundary, going 
 north, the land rates class 2, and the balance of the second mile 
 class 1, the soil being gravelly loam. From thence it is all class 
 8, and is generally very stony. In Section 36 the line crosses the 
 Souris River, Generally the southern part of the township con- 
 tains fair land. The northern part is very much broken by ravines, 
 and, for about two miles south of Souris River, is covered with 
 limestone and granite boulders. The river is a fine rapid stream 
 of about 160 feet broad, and fiows in a valley three-quarters of a 
 mile broad, with banks 150 feet high — T 5. Gore, 1881. 
 
 The west and south consist of rolling and undulating prairie,, 
 class 2. No wood or water — W. Pearee, 1-80. 
 
 Sub-division. — The north half of this township is much broken 
 by large ravines running easterly into the Souris River, and is 
 thickly strewn with boulders and stones. The south half is fair 
 agricultural land. — Sinclair and Francis, 1881. 
 
 S8. Outlines. — The north is rolling prairie, class 2. No wood or 
 water. The west is rolling and stony prairie, class 2, with a few 
 gravel ridges and hay swamps. The Souris River crosses the line 
 on Section 6. There is no wood. — W. Peurce, 1880. 
 
 The east is rolling prairie, class 2, excepting the first IJ miles,, 
 going north, where it is stony and rates class a. Mumerous small 
 marshes occur toward the north. There is no wood. — T. S Gore^- 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township is not suitable for farming pur- 
 poses, except a few sections in the rorthern part. It is chiefly 
 Tolling prairie, with light, sandy loam in the higher places and 
 clay and gravel in the lower. The Souris River crosses the 
 south-west corner. Its banks are very high. There is a fairly 
 good supply of timber along the river. Water is abundant 
 throughout this township. — A, L. Poudrier, 1881. 
 
 *. Outlines. — The township is principally open-rolling prairie. The 
 north has a sandy loam soil, class 2, and numerous marshes. The 
 western portions of Sections 82 and 34 rate classes 1 and 3, res- 
 pectively, and 86 has a clay loam soil. The east has a black 
 loam soil. Sections I, 24 and the north half of l>f rate class L and 
 
 f.ix'c tjaiaii'-c ui ttic laiivt. Class ^. 
 
 \r 
 
 i1 ULUVlUUi 
 
 .11 
 
 SUiUit iiil 
 
 avi^he 
 
 uis ucuur 
 
 on the two northern sections. The south is without wood or 
 water. Soil, clay loam, class 2.— T. S. Gore, 1881. 
 
ug praine. 
 
 lhrrn>^hip, West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range IV. 8D 
 
 -k.. The ^vest is undulating prairie, with an alluvial soil of 
 ^rowmsh clay lo^m, on a clay sub.oil, ckse 2. There a?e a nuiS 
 ber of small ponds and marsLs. Nc . ood.-J McLo^Ze IsS 
 S«A.rfp./«.«.~Rolling prairie, totally devoid of tSfber and 
 
 Gemrally rolling prairie; second-class land- a irood 
 many stony and gravelly knolls. Along the east' there Ts a 
 gravelly clay loam soil, class 2. Small marshes are numerous 
 chiefly in the south-east. There is no wood-T. 8. G.r" Tssi 
 P. ^fmetlSr" ""' '^'^ '''^^' ^'°^'^ by gravelly knolls:- 
 
 «. OwWmes.-Generally rolling prairie, with a fair supply of surface 
 
 ZfZ '" ""'n^'' ""/ P*^"^^- The soil is a dark loam tin s^e 
 places gravelly, and generally well adapted for the growthbf 
 cereals. There are several ravines crossing the townsMriu a 
 south-easterly direction, much strewn with boulders. Thf north 
 has a good loamy soil ; class 1. excepting Section 34 which is 
 rated class 2, a large portion of it being wet meadow land The 
 
 .la^Tn^-L"^^'* '' r"'""^, '*°i^y P''1"® • ^^^^« 2. Soil, a brownish, 
 clay loam, over clay Small ponds and marshes occur all alorS 
 the line.— J. McLatchie, 1881. ^ 
 
 S»6-rfuv:juw,-Undulating prairie. The soil is inferior and 
 stony m places ; no timber.— J. Warren, 188 1. 
 
 «. 0««mes.-North and east the surface is rolling, undulating and 
 level, with a dark loamy soil ; class 1. Hay marshes or wet 
 meadows occur all along both lines. Large marshes and 
 meadows occur on Sections 25 and 13. The soil is well adapted 
 lor the growth of cereals. There are several ravines crossinff 
 the township ma south-easterly direction, which are strewn with 
 boulders— T. FawceW, ] 881. 
 
 The west is undulating prairie, somewhat stony in the south, 
 boil, a brownish clay loam, over clay. The land rates class 1 
 except on the southern portions of Sections 18 and 19, and the 
 northern parts of 80 and 31, where it is class 2. There are a num- 
 ber of marshes, most of which occur towards the north No 
 wood.—/. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— All prairie, with a good deal of meadow land 
 and ^sufficiently undulating for drainage. Some silver poplar 
 scru-^ rr ater good. Soil, clay and sanay loam ; some limestone, 
 gravel, and a few boulders ; first and second class.— i). C. O'Keeffe^ 
 
 y. 
 
 ly 
 
 t .if 
 
40 Tbwnships West of Second Initial Meridian,— Range IV. 
 
 "9, Outlines.— fioxih. and east the surface is rolling prairio, class 1. 
 The north line is crossed by creeks of good water flowing south, 
 on Sections 31 aid 34. In eacOi instance the stream is about 8 feet 
 wide, 1 foot deep, current 1 mile per hour. About midway on 85 
 is an old cart trail. The north half of Section 24 is crossed by 
 Moose Mountain Creek, which is about 25 feet wide, 8 feet deep, 
 cwrrer, IJ miles per hour, course east Several large ponds along 
 the three south eastern sections.— C. E. Wolff, 1881. 
 
 The west is gently undulating prairie, with a dark alluvial 
 ^ Boil on a clay subsoil, class 2. Moose Mountain Creek is crossed 
 about midway on Section 81 ; it is a rapid stream of good water, 
 S3 leet wide, and 1 foot deep, flowJr^ east. Large marshes occur 
 on Sections 30 and 18. There is very little wood, but the prox- 
 imity of Moose Mountain, which is well wooded, will benefit the 
 settler.— 0. J. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— UaTBhj in some places, and traversed by Moose 
 Moiintam Creek. The soil is a good, black, sandy loam.— S. 
 Brodie, 1881. 
 
 ». Outlines.— The north lies in the foot slopes of Moose Mountain, in 
 the deeper ravines of which there is some poplar and birch. The 
 country, being rough and gravelly, is better suited for sheep 
 raising than farming. There are quite a number of pretty lakes 
 among the hills Small running creeks of good water occur on 
 Sections 36, 34 and ai. The west is undulating, with a fair allu- 
 vial soil resting on a clay subsoil. There are a number of small 
 streams, with good water, running from Moose Mountain to Moose 
 Mountain Creek. There is plenty of firewood in the ravines of 
 the mountain, the proximity of which, on this account will be 
 valuable to settlers — O. /. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 The east is undulating and level prairie, and the land rates 
 class 1, except on Section 86, where it is class 2. The line is 
 crossed on this section by a cart trail to Wood Mountain; and oa 
 24 by a creek 20 feet wide, IJ feet deep, current 1 mile per hour. 
 —a E. Wolf, 1«81. 
 
 Sub-division.— Level prairie, with the exception of the north 
 half of the northern tier of sections, which takes in part of Moose 
 Mountain. The soil generally is a sandy loam. Two creeks ran 
 south from the mountain.—/. Stewart, 1881. 
 
 9. Outlines.— The western boundary crosses the western part of 
 Moose Mountain through a heavy growth of wood, much of which 
 IS burnt and fallen. This wood is small and inferior and only 
 suitable for fuel. Marshes, ponds and lakes are very numero'- .. 
 The larger lakes contain many fine large fish. The soutliem 
 part of the township lies on the southern slope of the mountain. 
 Numbers of ravines, containing some poplar and birch. The 
 ground is gravelly, and only adapted for sheep grazina-. there beini? 
 
 1 he southern tier of sections are heavily- rolling. North of 
 this, on the eastern boundary, the surface becomes broken and 
 heavily timbered with various \\ jods and a dense undergrowth of 
 
 11. 
 
39. 
 
 11 
 
 12. 
 
 , TmrnsMps West of Second I*)Wal Meridian —Rantre IV. 4t 
 
 iazel. There are also numeronc ponds, lakes and marshes, all' of 
 -which, notwithstanding there being a fair soil, render the town- 
 ship unsuitable for immediate settlement —M. Hart, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division —This township is almost entirely timbered with 
 poplar. The southerly tier of sections have numerous bluffs of 
 timber and thick underbrush, which is the principal feature. The 
 country is very hilly, and wall not be available for any other pur- 
 pose than that of grazing, and for that purpose only after the tim- 
 ber has been removed. There are numerous lakes, the water in 
 ■which is fairly pure. No evidence of minerals whatever.—/. H 
 Ogilvie, 1888. 
 
 Outlines.— This township is heavily timbered with ash, maple, 
 birch, poplar and a dense undergrowth of hazel. The soil is poor 
 smd light, and about one-third of the area of the township is 
 broken up by small lakes, ponds and marshes, rendering it unsuit- 
 able for settlement. The wood is the chief value for the great 
 treeless country to the south and west.— .¥. Hart, 18S1. 
 
 West— in the Moose Mountain district, heavily wooded. There 
 IS much burnt timber, but all the wood, either growing or dead, 
 is of an inferior quality and only suitable for fuel. Marshes,' 
 pondi: and lakes are very numerous, and some of the larger lakes 
 contain good fish.— O. J Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— Rolling surface; much broken, and thickly 
 covered with poplar, white birch, ash, and very heavy underbrush 
 consisting chiefly of hazel, ro.se bushes and thorns. The timber' 
 especially the poplar, is of good size, more particularly in the 
 Boath part, which can be utilized for building. Too much broken 
 by ridges and water, which latter occupies more than one-third 
 of the area, to be available for cultivation. Soil, light and sandy 
 with stony subsoil; third class.— Z,. J. Garov, 1881. 
 
 Outlines.— ^oxih. and east— this township lies on the north slope 
 of Moose Mountain, which is covered with bluffs of poplar, wil- 
 low and dense scrub. There are many ponds, lakes and marshes. 
 Ihe soil IS of good quality, but, owing to the broken character of 
 
 the surface, the land is more suitable for grazing than farming. 
 
 J. G. Sing", 1881. 
 
 West— in the Moose Mountain district— frequent ponds and 
 lakelets, many with deep, clear and excellent water ; soil, a rich 
 sandy loam with a heavy growth of vetches and wild peas among 
 thick small poplar dense scrub, windfalls and occasional lartre 
 trees.- ^. C. Webb, 1881. ® 
 
 Sub-division— Bioken by ridges and marshes. The dry land 
 IS excellent ; the soil a rich, dark loam. Well adapted for cattle- 
 raismg. The timber is of medium size — /. McAree, 1881. 
 
 Outlines.— fforth and west, high rolling prairie, with a rich sandy 
 loam soil. Well suited for farming. There is a creek flowing 
 uoiih on Section 3t, and another flo wing south on 82. On 
 Section 30 is a creek flowing east. ?!everal bluffs of poplar and 
 scrub occur on the adjoining portions of Sections 19 and 18, 
 Generally the west is high rolling prairie, with frequent small 
 
 i-.i 
 
 f h 
 ■f ? 
 
42 
 
 Tuwmhip& West uf Second Iniiial Mtridian.— Range IV. 
 
 18. 
 
 swamps ; saimy loam soil, with gravel ridgos occasionally; 'some 
 blults of poplar about tho centre of the line. South of this the 
 land becomes low and .et with much willow, but excellent for 
 
 S razing, after which, ir. Section 1, tho land rises approaching to 
 loose Movmtain. Classes 1 and i.—A. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 South and east -along (ho south boundary the surface isvoiy 
 hiJly, and there are numerous ponds of water and bluffs oi iwplar. 
 On tho east side it is somewhat broken by ponds and hay marsheB. 
 The soil is good.—/. G. Sinff, 1«81. 
 
 Suh-iiivini.'H —Chiefly rolling prairie, with groves of poplar, 
 some ot Which is suitaMe for building The land is very much 
 broken by bmail ponds and marshes, especially towards tho south, 
 contaming good water. Soil— rich day loam, mixed with lime- 
 stone gravel, nrincipally in ridges, and some scattered bQulders 
 useful for building; uniformly first- class.- JE;. C Oaddp, 1881. 
 OM//me.s.— North and oast -the surface is gently rolling prairie, 
 with numerous ponds and marshes. Soil, sandy loam and gravel 
 on a cla^ subsoil. There is no wood— 4. F. Cotton, 1881. 
 
 The west is rolling prairie, with frequent swamps and 
 ponds. Classes 1 and 2. Fair for farming. Sandy loam with 
 gravel on tho south two-thirds, and clay and sandy loam soil in 
 tho northerly third.— yl C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 i>ub-divtsioH.—H(^mng prairie, with numerous small ponds 
 and grassy marshes. The water in the lakes (one of which, on 
 Sections ft, fi, 7 and 8 contains about 400 acres), ponds and marshes, 
 18 tresh. Soil— ji sandy Joara, about 18 inches deep, with a clay 
 subsoil ; first class thioughout.— /. J. McKenna, 1882. 
 14. OMt/mes.— The north is rolling prairie ; numerous ponds and 
 marshes, with some young poplar in the north-t L. The land 
 consists of a clay loam soil, class \.~A. C. Thomson, 1881. 
 
 The west is rolling land, with clay and sand loam soil ; 
 frequent swamps and ponds, with good water ; rating classes 1 
 and 2 ; fair farming land. Frequent bluffs of poplar and dense 
 willow scrub lu the northerly third.— il. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Along the south boundary the surface is gently rolling 
 prairie, with numerous small ponds and marshes, and a sandy 
 loam soil, sometimes mixed with gravel. The east line crosses a 
 creek, at a little past the third mile going north, and from thenoe 
 
 passes along the left bank of the ravine through which it flows. 
 
 A. F. Cot on, 1881. 
 
 Sub-diuisioH.— The land is second rate and swampy, but 
 well adapted for farming.— 4. Hamtl, 1881. 
 
 15. 
 
 Outlines.— The north is rolling prairie, with numerous ponds and 
 marshes and a good clay loam soil, class 1. East— open, rolling- 
 prairie, with a good clay loam soil, class 1. A few gravel ridges 
 wid some snail poplar in the north. A few marshes and the 
 Pipestone JJiver in the south. This stream is (July) 10 feet widei, 
 2 feet deep ; 5-mile current.— il. C. Thomson-. 1881. 
 
 West— Sections G and 7 are rolling land, with a good many 
 scattering clumps of poplar and willow, class 2. A creek, 2 to 8 
 
18. 
 
 Tbwnshipt West of Second Initial Meridian.— Bange TV, 48 
 
 fafL'^f\?ilr'^'-T'^'^''^^^" ''• North of this for some dis. 
 mi. " ^''""''' "^'^^ '''"^ ridges.- fFm. Pearce, 
 
 ur^A ^fii"'''"\-f'^P^^ione Croek Hows through this township 
 and on either side m many places there are fine hay n™h« 
 The soil throughout is excellent. There are two good-Iized hSSL 
 ot fresh watar.-Burchilt and Davis, 1881. 
 
 lO. 0////tne,.-North-Alternating patches of prairie and marshes - 
 
 Sa;;T."^r' r^'^' "^*^^"^t "^ J'°»^« and swamps around Si 
 margin of which is a growth of poplar and willow. The soil is 
 
 !ZmZZ ^'^. . ,W«?t-rolling prairie, wifh m,ny slS 
 r.,.?K ^''^Tt ^^""'y ^^y """1 the south of tfe township^ 
 
 T^cemr '™'' '""' '^"^"- '^^^ ^°'^ ^^^«« ^^^« ^- ~^^ 
 
 m«r«!!f *~!t^^;.* good clay loam, class 1, but numerous ponds and 
 
 1^ fh^r^n^f ^7 ^^"•^ ^'*7^^"- «°°^« ^'"1°^ *^d small popSS 
 m the north-east corner.-^. C. Thomson, 1881. * 
 
 .rooH .i!?."t nf"''''r^°S'^*'"/^*I^*"^ ^*^^" settlement There is a 
 mr« ffvl Ki "^^ !!; ^"u^ "^de'-scnib, and the soil does not com- 
 pare favorably with other townships -S. L. Brabazon, 1882. 
 
 f^;;f ^""i7i?^fr^'' ^* *^^ ®.^^^^°'® ^»^« ^^ ^^^ ^o^tli lin«. the Bur- 
 :t^ i^v^ 7 ^'**^'"' ."J:'*^ nunierous willow and grass swamps. 
 
 van«v nf'rt'.r^ T/"?,^ ^^"«'«' ^^*«« 2. The fast is in the 
 valley of the Qu' Appelle River and Round Lake Banks 300 feet 
 borne poplar; classes 2 and 3 North of the Qu'Appelle River the 
 general surface is undulating, with occasional deep ravines. There 
 are many scattered bluffs of poplar and clumps of willows. The 
 southern part ot the township is an Indian reserve. -T. Kains, 
 
 The south half is a reservation. The north half of the west 
 
 t^f^I '' /" '\^ Qa'Appelle valley, and rough in placesjb^ 
 
 land and soil good where it is level.— TTw. Pr'an-e 1831 
 
 On'A^''rf'if''p"''"—'^mu^ ""IJ" Srood land is in the valley of the 
 Qu Appel e River. There is a great quantity of scrub and wood 
 
 1-^ 1^ ]*'•*''' V J*'"'''^'- '^^^ P°r*io»i s'^^tii of the river 19 
 included in an Indian reserve.- PT. and D. Beatty, 1831. 
 
 I **'*;^„^^^f ""„-^,7th-principally rolling prairie, dotted over with 
 I patches of willow and poplar scrub. A few clumps of poplar 
 wood occur toward the west. Small marshes and ponds arTmet 
 with at intervals. The land rates class 1.- W. T. Thompson, 1880. 
 Hilly prairie, with poplar and willow bluffs, and numerous 
 swamps, class 2.— T. Kains, 1831. 
 
 Sub-division.— ^cxwhhY prairie, with clumps of small poplar 
 and a few hay swamps.— PT. and D. Beatty, 1881. ' *^ *' 
 
 1 19. OM//t«es -Principally light soil, and may be rated second class 
 S- u -A ^^.V^ ''P^'^ ^^ rolling, except the south-east comer. 
 l^^f'"^ il''"''^x\^^''^ second-gnrvv th poj)lars and willows. Tho 
 soil of the east half is principally clay loam, whereas the west 
 nail 18 sandy loam and gravel.— C F. Mites, 1881 
 
 k' 
 
 1 'J. 
 
44 
 
 Tbwnships West of Second Initial Mnidinn. — Range lY. 
 
 SO. 
 
 ai. 
 
 The -west is rolling prairie, dotted with small grass marshes, 
 and has a clny lonm eoil, usually class 1. In the southern half 
 there are bluff's of poplar and willow. — W. T. Thom^nn, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division.— Rolling prairie, much broken by swamps and 
 scattered bluffs of poplar and willow. A small quantity of pop- 
 lar and willow in the southern part fit for rail timber. — R C. Mc- 
 ^hilltps. 
 
 , Outlines — Is open rolling prairie, with many ponds The soil is 
 first and second class, chiefly the latter. — C. F. Miles, 1H81. 
 
 The weot is high rolling prairie, which was dotted (July- 
 August) with small graes marshes and meadows. It has a good 
 loamy soil over a clay subsoil. The rating is nearly all class 1. 
 The alluvial soil in 86 is a sandy loam.— W. T. Thomson, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Very flat and wet, having a large proportion 
 of marsh lands, difficult of drainage. Several small groves of 
 poplar fit for fuel. Soil, in the higher portions, of inferior quality, 
 being gravelly, while in the flat lands are many boulders of vari- 
 ous sizes, rendering the land suitable for grazing only ; third class 
 throughout.— T. W. Walsh, 1881. 
 
 Outlineit. — Rolling prairie with many ponds and rather wet. The 
 soil is principally second class, and is covered with numerous 
 bluffs of poplar and willow in the middle and north-west section. 
 The east is clay loam soil, class 1. Section 86 is wet and marshy] 
 and class 2 — C. F. Miles, 1880. 
 
 The west is fine undulating prairie, with a clay loam soil,! 
 class 1, except 31, where there are stony flats and low gravelly I 
 shallow — soiled ridges. In the southern two-thirds there is afairl 
 distribution of grass meadows, and a branch of Little Cut ArmI 
 Creek crosses in Sections 7 and 18. This stream has good water| 
 and a rapid current. — W. T. Thomson, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division, — Rolling prairie, easily drained. The soil is ai 
 lich, black mould, with clay subsoil 1 imber in the south halll 
 Little Cut Arm Creek crosses the township. — H. Wilson, 1881. [ 
 
 Outlines. — The north is rolling prairie ; clumps of poplar and 
 sciub ; gome meadows and ponds ; gravelly loam soil, class 2, but 
 in the centre becoming classes 2 to 8, and again becoming better| 
 "weetwards, the grade rising here to classes 1 and 2. The poplar 
 is all large enough for fencing, and occasionally for building. 
 There are many flats that would be dry under ordinary condi 
 tions but owing to the excessive rainfall of this season, are nnde: 
 frater. 'J he line is crossed by two creeks flowing north, on Sec*! 
 tions 31 and 82 respectively. — W. OgHvie, I8b0. 
 
 The west is all rolling prairie, with a fine loamy soil, all clai 
 1, except Section 6, which is stony and gravelly, and class 2,| 
 The southern third is somewhat dry, but in the north two-thiri' 
 
 
 inches Aeei 
 
 Section 81 there is a willow marshy cieek 36 to 18 
 
 "with slight current. There is small poplar in the north halfol 
 
 the township.— IT. T. Thomson, 1880 
 
28. 
 
 Tnffnshipt West of Second Initial Meridian.- ^ Range IV. 46 
 
 •^r^oJ^w*;? prairie many ponds and very wet soil, class 2 ; and 
 generally Ee township is Ibest adapted for grazing. The east 
 Half 18 dotted with poplar and willow. The west Salf fs open 
 Toxlmg and hilly prairio.-C. F. Miles, 1881. ^ 
 
 ri,n.t *''''*^"""'?t."~^''l^^^^ P'*^"''- watered by Little Cut Arm 
 Creek running through the centre, northwards. The soil is a 
 light, sandy loam -ij. A. Wilson, ISbl. 
 
 STd'sPrnT'^^^ -r"*^ '■ V'-i^'SVrame, with scattered poplar bluffs 
 ;S? K T V. ^'} '" * 'i'^^ ^^*y ^"«"»- I" Sections 81 and 82 the 
 ww'^f • ^^r««;. 2 and 3. Duck Lake is situated in the 
 
 Sec ^oTlf?T^'* f P.''*^T ^^' ""'^ "^«° ^^ 88. Cart trails cross 
 Sections So, 84 and 31. A great many marshes occur, the 
 
 iro^wfh T ^^«^^"^*^^ in SectU 86. ^The east has a thick 
 growth of poplar scrub. There are many marshes. The soil is a 
 
 JiLiT?' Ao '"i T"y P^*"^^" ""^''^y' «^ a« not to avemge over 
 ciajses 2 and 3. Sections 1 and 24 are, however, class 1. A lake 
 with large marshy borders occupies part of Sections 86 and 26 — 
 T. Drummond, 1880. 
 
 "West— the surface is somewhat low and wet, having many 
 willow-covered flats and good meadows, which, this season being 
 
 ln»r n^^^ ""'^'.^'^ ''?^'' ^^*«^- '^^^ «oil « a good blark claf 
 loam. Clumps of poplar are freauent. The line is crossed new 
 the centre by a large creek, that Anally empties into Leech Lake. 
 
 !l,Prf T/^^^"^^ ^T °'' ^^^ north-eastem part of this townl 
 ^^\ ^?®"^^ng north-west from the lake is an extensive flat, 
 Which, this season, was covered with about 5 feet of water ; but 
 the fact that many old cart trails run across it proves that, ordina- 
 nly, it IS a fine meadow land, of great value to the surroundinir 
 country.— PF. Ogilvie, 1880. uiruuuuing 
 
 Sub-divisinn.— There is sufficient timber for purposes of settle- 
 ment, but It IS not large enough to be manufactured into sawn 
 lumber. Poplar is the only kind to be met with. Section 84 con- 
 tains the largest timber in the township. Sections 30, 81 and 82 
 «re nearly destitute of timber. Soil, very fertile, but in spring a 
 great deal of the surface is covered by the overflow of the waters 
 
 «i r h .W^^""^ rendering it unfit for cultivation; second 
 
 class.— J. McArthur, 1882. 
 
 \^h!^Z^'''^^^^^'''''^^'l '.°"^?^ P^«"^^' ^it^ «<^attered poplar 
 ?^ Vi, """-^ ?^ ^ "''^ "^^^y ^°^"^- Sections 85 and 36 are class 
 1 , in the remaininer sections the soil is gravelly, and class 3. A 
 great many marshes occur, nearly all of them surrounded by 
 poplar wood. A large lake extends southwards from the centre of 
 the hue. A cart trail to Quill Lake crosses Sections 4 to 88. 
 Jiast— nearly al covered with a thick growth of willow vouns- 
 poplar and scrub. The soil is a rich loam, class 1 iT^rftrai! 
 crosses Sections 25, 24, 13. 12 and 1. L^^oh i -v. i. oU„„*.^ ;i 
 lections 26, 24, 13 and 12 and extends westwa^dsinto "^IxTtow^ 
 snip. — T. Drummond, 1880. 
 
 f>....^^'*~*^/ '""i^, '' generally light and gravelly. On the south 
 there is considerable poplar and willow scrub.- FT. Ogilvie, 1880. 
 
 * i 
 
40 Toitfuxhipa Wett of Second Initial Meridian.— Ranf^eW 
 
 S«6flft«ii!(rtn.— Leech Lake, about 18 miles square, lies within 
 this township. Two creeks run into the west side of the lake. 
 The soil is a good clay loam, well adapted to agriculture. There 
 is a fair amount of building timber. — / J. Burrows, 1882. 
 
 85. Outlifi ei.—^oxih. and east consist of rolling prairie, with scattered 
 poplar bluffs and a rich clay loam ; soil, class 1. On Sections 6 
 and 81 the soil is gravelly, class 2 Several marshes were crossed 
 on the north line. The east, in several places, is gravelly and 
 classes 3, while there are numbers of small marshes, and ai^ 
 alkaline flat occurs on Sections i8 and 24.— T. Drummond, t880. 
 The west is flat and wet, with many muskegs. A largo 
 
 • meadow, extending north-eastward from Leech Lake, covers about 
 8 miles of the line ; it wem all under water owing to the uncom- 
 monly heavy rainfall of the season. There are a number of poplar 
 bluffs scattered through it. The soil is generally poor.—W. 
 Ogilvie, 1880, 
 
 S«6-rf/t;f5ton —TTndulaiing prairie. The soil is a rich clay 
 and sandy loam. There is a large lake in the centre of tha town- 
 ship, and otherwise the land is well watered. There is some 
 timber large enough for building purposes. — D. C. O'Eeeffe, 1880. 
 
 !••. Outline —North — und lating prairie, with heavy poplar and 
 willow bluffs. A creek, 80 links wide and 2 feet deep, crosses the 
 north quarter of Section 86. Class \.~A. L. Rustell, 1880. 
 
 The west is all good black clay loam. The north half is nearly 
 all solid poplar bush, in which there is good fencing and some 
 very fair building material. This wood extends south-oast to 
 Leech Lake, and, in conjunction with the large meadows adjoin- 
 ing, makes a very favourable prospect for settlers. — W. Ogtlvie, 
 18e0. , 
 
 East— lolling prairie. Soil is a rich loam, in some places a 
 good clay subsoil. Class 1. Several small marshes were crossed. 
 A range of high hills cross this line.— T. Druumond, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Traversed by a tributary of the White Sand 
 Eiver, a swift stream, with capital raillsites. The timber is 
 large enough for building purposes. The soil is very good. — D. 
 a aKeetfe, 880. 
 
 SW. Outlines.— T\lq north is level and rolling ; sandy loam soil ; class 
 2 ; willows and poplar ; some marshes. White Sand River crosses I 
 82, with an average depth of 5 feet, and a one mile current. Along 
 the east the soil is a sandy loam and black loam alternating; scat- 
 tered clumps of poplar, and a fair supply of marshes, rating class 
 2.— a C. Rainhoth, 1880. 
 
 2nd report— the south branch of the White Sand River crossesj 
 this township south-east to north-west. This year (1881) the! 
 whole of the country for miles in its vicinity was under water.f 
 The water was 27 feet deep in the channel, and the current 111 
 miles. In the fall of last year the leve' of the water was so dit| 
 fere L that I croHsed the i i v er on a 25-foot pole 40 milcH beloiff 
 this point— G?. C. Rainboth, 1881. 
 
08 within 
 the hike, 
 ■e. There 
 }2. 
 
 I scattered 
 lections 6 
 ;r« crossed 
 ivelly aud 
 8, and ai^ 
 nd, 1880. 
 
 A large 
 vers about 
 lie uijcom- 
 f of poplar 
 poor. — W. 
 
 rioh clay 
 tha town- 
 )re i|9 some 
 eefe, 1880. 
 
 opiar and 
 crosses the 
 880. 
 
 If is nearly 
 and some 
 ith-oast to 
 (ws adjoin- 
 V. Ogtlvie, 
 
 Le places a 
 8re crossed. | 
 880. 
 Vhite Sand I 
 i timber is 
 good. — D. 
 
 soil ; class 
 iver crosses 
 3nt. Along 
 ating; scat 
 rating class 
 
 iver crosses! 
 (1881) the 
 nder water. [ 
 5 current lij 
 was so dirl 
 
 38, 
 
 Town$Mps West oj Second Ini/inl Meridian.— Range IV. 47 
 
 West- undulating prairie, with iwplar and willow blufFs • 
 some of the trees 8 to 10 inch.s iu diamot The soil is guuerl 
 ally class 1 ; in places it is a rich dark loani of 18 inches deep on 
 a olay subsoil. A creek with a 2J-mile current, and about 10 feet 
 deep, crosses section 80. Another creek crosses Section 31 —A L 
 Russell, 1880. ' 
 
 5«6-rf/wjsiVm— Level prairie. The soil i^, a sandy loam, of fair 
 qua ity The White Sand River runs through ^'e tbwuship in a 
 northerly direction ; numerous marshes ; a good deal of thick 
 willow and scrub. The trail from Qu'Appello to Fort Pelly runs 
 diagonally through from south-east to north-west.—J. /. McKenna 
 1881. ' 
 
 Outlines.— "SI oBi of tho country along th- north boundary is more 
 or less covered with scrub and bluffs of poplar bush. On Section 
 86 is a hne hay meadow, of considerable extent ; on 84 the line 
 crosses the White Sand River. A lake, 8 chains wide, is crossed 
 in the north part of 32, and a marsh on the south half Marshes 
 also jccur on the western portions of 81 and .H8. Sections 86 82 
 and the adjoining half ►f 33, rate classes 1 to 2, and what remains 
 class 2. Much of the west hne is low, wet land; there are 
 some high places. The surface is covered with poplar bush and 
 wilow scrub, with ocoasion:-! openings. The White Sand River 
 crossing the south-eaat, is about 14 feet i.eep (June), with a 2-mile 
 current and low, miry banks.—.!. L. Ru.sell, 18»0 
 
 The east is rolling prairie, with scitterod clumps of poplar 
 and willows. Several marshes were crossed, about the centre of 
 the line ; a trail to Fort Pelly crosses the south half of Section 12. 
 Boil 18 generally a sandy loam, with black loam at intervals, class 
 2. Undergrowth of willows in places.— C. C. Rainboth, 1880. 
 
 OM/Ziwes -West- first-rate soil, bnt low, wet, marshy land, cov- 
 ered with poplar and willow scrub— 4. L. Russell, 1880. 
 
 East— rolling prairie, scattered bluffs of poplar and -"lllow 
 A great many marshes were crossed. Soil, black sanu/ and 
 gravelly loams ; classes 1 and 2 The White Sand River crosses 
 Sections 1 and 26, and flows north-east ; its depth is 7 feet ; cur- 
 rent, 1 mile an hour, and is 1 chain wide. Good water • jrood 
 agricultural land.— C C. Rninhoth, 1880. ' 
 
 30. OM^/i«es. -North— rolling- prairie, with heavy poplar bluffs in 
 poplar and willow scrub, and many marshes snd wet places 
 \Vest-south-west. low and wet, with poplar scrub, but becoming 
 drier, with large timber towards the north. The soil is all class 
 1—A. L. Russell, 1880. 
 
 Sa. Outlines.— The north contains dense sciub, mingled with some 
 poplar timber and dead wood. Numerous marshes and ponds. 
 Alluvial soil, 8 to 1^ inches in depth ; subsoil generally clay The 
 land is all class 3.— P. B. Dumais, 1888. 
 
 88. Outlines.'—ThQ east is principally scrubby prairie, broken by Pike - 
 Lake on Section 86, the Assinaboine River on Section 12, and 
 
 SO. 
 
 if i 
 
 it I 
 
48 Tlrtifndiipt West of Second Initial Meridian.— Ranf^e V. 
 
 many largo muskegs, marshes or nonds, occurring at intervals all 
 along the line. Tfiero is also a lake on Section 25 connecting with 
 Crystal Lake, a portion of which extends westward into the 
 south-east corner. The shores of the lakes, marshes, &c., are all 
 wooded with poplar or spruce ; and along the north bank ot the 
 Assinaboino is a belt of timber, chiefly spruce, about half a mile 
 wide. The average depth of alluvial soil is about 8 inches ; sub- 
 soil sandy. The laud rates, alternately, classes 2 and 3. — P. H. 
 Dumais, 1888. 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OP SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Ranoe V. 
 
 *' HffrH""'^^-' T?-^' '^"^"^ ^^^ ^^^ken prairie, very stony, 
 Rner and ravines runnmff into it. There is some wood in the 
 itkrT'^'^A'^S .^Lp°A' ^^«^' ^il<l Pl"°^. willow and tho^ 
 northe n LT/^'^'' r^ ^'t Ooing south on the west line. tS^ 
 northern half of Section 80 contains a long, winding ravine and 
 
 far'thT"?'' ?^ '\'' '°"^'^»- ^^"^^^ 19 iT mostly iveT £ 
 far the land rates class 8, and is generally very stony The three 
 
 ^. In the east and south we have rolling and uuduiatinir 
 prairie; soil, class 2 No wood or w^ter.-W.Pearce^mT^ 
 cnlf„'?«l f''T''";;;r^^^'**?*^^*"°f*^i« township is good agrl- 
 
 n!i ZL "t- ?^' ^°J**i ^*" " «*«^y' '^'^t containL^cell^t 
 pasturage.— 5tnc/o»r and Francis, 1881. 
 
 ''• W "m^\riV' 'f ^^» P'"^"^' ^^*«« 2 ; water scarce -no 
 T^Tih.thZ ^X^^^^^'l^'^'''^^^ ^"^ Section 86. On the 
 j^ est the three northern sections consist of rolling prairie with^ 
 hght soil, class 2. In the north of Section SO^isTdTep Zid 
 
 ravinef rsoi.?'f~ K- 'i^ "^"^« *?/« ^^^« ^« ^^«ken by numSTs 
 W drv InTho "^^'J To'°*?" watercourses, most of them 
 
 raZ^cS « V °'°''^^ "^ ?P.*°^' ' *^« ^^"^i i« very stony and 
 rates class 8. No wood. The east is rolling and stony praSe 
 with a few gravel ridges and hay swamps. The Souris K* 
 flows east, across the south of the township and leaves by SeS 
 1. The soil rates class 8.— W. Pearee, 1880 oecnon 
 
 The slTutf Sll?^~'^^' township is not adapted for settlement, 
 river and iwUni'/ ?^ ^^ deep ravines running parallel to the 
 river, and is devoid of grass. 'Rie other half is also ffenendlv 
 vfery poor, being composed of baked, sandy pra rie witT a W 
 
 wth feilTodT ^^^' ''^^:r' *^« ^°^"« is WdisuppiSd 
 
 witu tairly good timber; on the tops of the hills it is venr 
 abundant and of the very best quality%-4. L. FouTier,mh^ 
 
 '*' c?^'fknrL^!l*°™^^P " 'f^^« P'*i"«' ^^d generally second 
 m nnr?K^ *^'^ *'^ * «^^ T^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^ |raVell/ knoUs. 
 
 }nL I J^^^^d^'^T'^^ marshes. Soil, black clay or gravell^ 
 oam. Section 82 and the adjoining half of 81 rate clasf 1 an^ 
 
 Ws^rcir! *^' '""t '''^' '' ^^^^ ^-* has aXk 'cky 
 ^ hdf 'of T ^ %«/y^l^ejJ. «cept on Section 6 aod the adjoin- 
 
 Wond.ifj\ ^^^ '''''*^ ^^ * ^*ve"y loa'^ soil, class 2. 
 Wood and water are scarce on this an! the west line— r! 5. Gore\ 
 
 bro.^s'h^iliri^?*!?5.^:f"^ with^an_alluvial soil of 
 -berof sn^alTJoiSs^ndma^Sr^No'^ix^,^^ J^ 
 
5. 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian. — Ran^ V. 
 
 Sub-division. — Q-ently rolling prairie, with numerous ponds 
 and deep water marshes, and not attractive for settlement. 
 Sk)il— generally of a barren, hard, sandy and gravelly nature; 
 third class. — /. A. Carter t, 1881. 
 
 Outlines.— The north and east consist of undulating prairie, with 
 many small ponds and marshes ; alluvial soil, a brownish clay 
 loam, classes 1 and 2 in the north and all class 2 in the east. No 
 wood on either line. — J. McLatchte, 1881. 
 
 This township is rolling prairie, and generally second class 
 land, as there are a good many stony and gravelly knolls. On 
 the wetit there is a dark, gravelly loam soil ; water scarce ; no 
 wood. Section 31, the adjoining half of 80 and the southern por- 
 tions of 19 and 18, rate class 1, and the balance class 2.— T. S. 
 Gore, 1881. 
 
 6ub-divisv n, — Undulating prairie. Clay soil, broken by 
 gravelly knolls and sloughs. — P. Burnet, 1881. 
 
 Outlines. — On the north and west there is excellent soiV abundant 
 and gof'd water, undulating surface, scattered poUv and hay 
 marshes, and a good agricultural township. The north has a clay 
 loam soil. Section 32 rates classes 1 and 2 ; the western half of 38, 
 class 2, and all the rest class 1. The west has also a good 
 loamy soil. Sections ^, 39 and SO, and the north half of 18 rate 
 class I, and the balance of the land class 2. There are a number 
 of hay meadows, marshes and muskegs along the central sections. 
 No wood on either line. — T. Fawcett, 1881. 
 
 The east is rolling, stony prairie, class 2. Soil, a brownish I 
 clay loam, over clay. Small ponds and marshes occur all along j 
 the line.—/. McLatohie, 1881. 
 
 Subdiviaion—Grood land, but rather stony. Hilly and broken | 
 in the centre. — J. Warren, 1881. 
 
 0«^/mes.— Excellent soil, abundant and good water, undulating I 
 surface, scattered ponds and hay marshes, and good agricultural 
 township On the north the surface is rolling, with a good 
 loamy soil ; class 1. On the west the land rates class l| 
 throughout, the soil being clay loam on all the Sections, except 31, 
 where it is sandy loam iNo wood on either line. T. Fawcett, 1881. 
 
 The east is undulating prairie, somewhat stony in the south, j 
 Soil, a brownish clay loam, over clay. The land rates class 1, ex-f 
 cept on the southern portions of Sections 18 and 2t, and the! 
 northern parts of 25 and 36 where it is class 2. There are a num-l 
 ber ol marshes, most of which occur towards the north. No| 
 wood — J. McLatchte, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— The north part is level, and with some veryl 
 good meadow land ; tlie south part is undulating prairie, withj 
 some silver poplar scrub. Very good water, obtainable inl 
 abundance, by digging down a few feet. Absence of timber the! 
 amItt f'r.a'wbar.k'. ^Soil cla"? lo.atn with clav subsoil-, and sandvl 
 loam with sandy subsoil,"' the former occupying a much greater] 
 area ; first and second class. — D. C. OKeeffe, 1881. 
 
r« V. 
 
 srous ponds 
 
 settlement. 
 
 lly nature; 
 
 ►rairie, with 
 iwnish clay 
 
 e east. No 
 
 lecond class 
 oils. On 
 scarce ; no 
 (Uthern por- 
 38 2.— T. S. 
 
 broken by 
 
 iV abundant 
 and hay 
 ,h has a clay 
 n half of 38, 
 also a good 
 f of 18 rate 
 e a number 
 :ral sections. 
 
 a brownish 
 ;ur all along 
 
 '• and broken 
 
 , undulating 
 agricultural 
 with a good 
 ates class l| 
 18, except 31, 
 'awcett, 1881. 
 in the south.) 
 !s class 1, ex-[ 
 2(, and the! 
 B are a num-l 
 north. No| 
 
 h some veryi 
 prairie, witnl 
 btainable inl 
 F timber the! 
 I, and sandyl 
 nuch greaterl 
 
 Ti»rn.<hipi West of Second Initial Meridian.—RangcY. $1 
 
 7. ^tfines -Surveyed north and west- excellent soil of a clavev 
 nature ; abundant water, which is all trc^h ; undulat ng pS 
 scattered ponds ar-,-^ good agricultural townshipVene! 
 
 surface 
 
 wily- 
 
 subsoil, 
 class 2. 
 
 scattered ponds 
 
 The north has genemlly a^s^ndyloam^soifok^a^^cfav 
 Sections;] i and 36 rate class 1, and the rest of the W 
 fh..». ^Tu' ^^"nt«i^ ^^reek crosses the line three times on 
 the eastern halt of Section 83 ; its width is 40 feet, depth S- feet 
 current oO fee per minute, course south-east. In the w^t the 
 joil IS generally a ci^y loam. The land rates class 1 on Seltions 
 A \^ r? *^^ ''?"*^ half of 30. Section 1 8 rates classes 1 and 2 
 
 a fine rapid stream of good water. 88 feet wide and 1 foot deeo 
 Large marshes occur on Sections 26 and 18. There is no S' 
 
 a": Kssl. '" *'' """"^"" '^^^"^* ^ few milL'norTh.- 
 
 soil if*trfX'f''^~^^''^^''^ P!;^^T' ^^'^^^^ ^y ^ f«^ ^larshes. The 
 iSL'h^i.^Z^^ ^^^- ^ *— <1 ^3^ Moose Moun. 
 
 JJliCio i 
 
 ** Sf left ";fd'*w;;^?f>?"^ ^\'^' ^"°* ^^°P^^ ^f Moose Mountain 
 are lett, and west of this is the great Souris plain which is 
 
 entirely without wood. The soil is good, and S il a fair 
 supply of surface water. On the east^oundarv the country is 
 nndulatmg, and the upper soil, n sting on a clay'subsoa is JJod 
 There are a number of fresh streams running from MooTe Mountain 
 to Moose Mountain Creek. The township^is fayorab e for settS 
 ment. The rating n class 2. There is no wood. Wood Mountain 
 trail crosses the northern part of 86.-0. J. Klotz 1881 ^''^''^^''' 
 
 to^^niht^tf^' 'T-^^ ^ f "^^ ^^ ^*"' ^^°"* the centre of the 
 township, and contains a large percentage of good land Moose 
 
 Mountain Creek crosses the soSth, flowinleastwa^drft appears 
 
 to be a deep and sluggish stream, with low banks The soil on 
 
 he north side of it is a sandy loam, with sandy suLoi^n Sees 
 
 ^Cf^'^'^i' ^T^'^'"' '' ^'^"^'>' ^^^ fi'-^t class. Went and south 
 of the creek the soil is more durable and of a clayey nature On 
 
 a^P ll';^^^.^'^'°^' "*' \ ^^' ^^ ^"^ ^ »' ^^ i« «1^« 2, The aver 
 r;;:ot-%*'CSl8tr '' ''-'- "^^^-^^^^' water isscarce. 
 Sub-diviston.-FT^me, level, with the exception of a ridffe of 
 sand hills, extending from east to west across the centre of the 
 township. The soil is a sandy loam. Moose Mountain Creek 
 runs from east to west across the southern end.-J. SZ;ri881 
 
 ». Out/ines—The eastern Si miles of the north boundary is rouffh' 
 h% country, wooded with poplar from 2 to 8 inches in diamet^! 
 Soil is^sandy, and the land generally rates class 3. The wSt'^ 
 u^x oi section 3* IB class 4, and here ther.} is some poplar timber 
 as large as 16 inches in diameter, mixed with birJh Water 2 
 abundant, including a couple of large hkes lyingTmmediately 
 
^2 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range V. 
 
 I 
 
 10. 
 
 11. 
 
 south of the line. The balance of this line, together with the first 
 IJ miles, going south, on the west boundary, is in an Indian. 
 Reserve. From thence the surface is principally stony prairia, 
 broken by a few high ridges. Soil, gravelly. On Section 6, 
 hovcever, and the northern half ot 7, the soil is a very rich blarV 
 loam, on a dark brown clay or sandy loam subsoil, class 1. ^ 
 couple of lakes on Section 19, a trail to Wood Mountain on 7, and 
 a small creek on 6 — P R. A. Be/anger, laSl. 
 * (+oing north, on the east boundary, the line enters the southemt 
 slopp of JMoose Mountain among scattered poplar and birch. The 
 wood, however, soon becomes thick bush and t^nderbrush to the 
 north-east, but is only useful for ftiel. There are numerous marshea 
 and lakes. Southwards, the foot slopes of Moose Mountain 
 cover Sections 1 and 2 and then bear oflf to the north-west. A cart 
 trail to the Indian Reserve in the north-west of the township lies 
 along their base From t'ection 9 westward the Souris plains 
 extend The soil in these plains is suitable for farming.^ — O. J". 
 Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Bvb-division — Parts of Sections 8 and 8, and all of Sectiona 
 4, 5, 6 and 7. are level prairie and well adapted for farming pur- 
 poses Sections 61 and 32, and parts of Sections 28, 2^-\ 30 and 88 
 are included in Ocean Man's Reserve. The remainder is hilly, and 
 consequently betier ad,apted for grazing than agriculture. The 
 north-east portion it well timbered with poplar, some of which is 
 fit for building, and the rest of the hilly part has numerous blufis 
 of poplar There is considerable limestone in the hilly parts, and 
 numerous lakes occur, having pure water furnished by springs 
 tSoil, clay loam, chiefly second-class. — /. A. MacMillan, 1881. 
 
 0/tttfnea. — In the Moose Mountain district. The western half of 
 the north line lies in an Indian reserve. The eastern half has a 
 dense wood of po])lar and scrub, with numerous lakes and ponds. 
 The soil is rich.- J G. Sing, 1881. 
 
 East — in the summit levels of the Moose Mountain district; 
 heavily wooded, with numerous lakelets, ponds and marshes. 
 Good fishing in some of the lakes The eastern portion of the 
 Pheasant liump and Ocean Man Indian Reserve lies on this town- 
 ship. The soil is excellent and the vegetation fine. — 0. J. Ffotz, 
 1881 
 
 S'ib- division. — Very broken. Well timbered, except a small 
 portion in the north sections, which is half prairie and half poplar 
 woods. The timber generally consists of poplar, ash and willow, 
 with a dense undergrowth of hazels, thorns and rose bushes. A 
 few white birches orcur. Soil, generally sandy, with a stony 
 subsoil, though sometimes one of clay; chiefly third-class, the 
 only portion not too broken for agriculture being included in the 
 Indian reserve. — L J. Garov, 1881. 
 
 Outlines. — Surveyed the north, west and south. Somewhat broken 
 by the north portion of Moose Mountain. The soil is a good sandy 
 loam; and the surface is covered, in the hilly parts, with dense 
 scrub and bluffs of poplar. Much of the township is a rich grassy 
 flat, well adapted for grazing. — /. G. Sing, 1881. 
 
'^'•'"Mio Weu „t Secondhtitial Meridim—Rangty. «" 
 
 .awfr^;\^1.,^- «r™ ^itltf^t ponds and 
 
 large trees.—.! C Webb mi windfalls and occasional 
 
 M.rst;''^:':Z^^^^^^^ ^'^f 1--"^^ and grazing. 
 
 The soil is Tdark c av Tol t' k ^'''^ ^""^ ^^^ abundant. 
 McAree, 1881 ^ ^' ^'"^^'^ ^ ^^ medium size.-/. 
 
 three sLllmurshes occur donTlL''''\''i ?r*K ^^ ' t^« ^^ 
 wood East wn^f- ^- • ^^^* ^^^f of the line. No 
 
 sandy loanf so fw^h g^v^f Sd^ ' ^^^M^^* ^"^^" ^^^^^P^ 
 poplar about the centrf of fho?^ oocasionally ; some bluffs of 
 comes low and werw'th muciw^^ ^/ ^^V^^ *^^ ^^^d be- 
 
 after which in Action 1 "^^f ,^^^j«^. ^ut excellent for grazing; 
 
 Mountain.^' Sass'sranh'-^^'^S'p^r J^f^^-^ *° ''^^^ 
 
 towaXtlTuVLt^r ^^^^^^^^^ ^?^ ^-^% ™ff 
 
 no,.df"*tt't'''''~''°i"''S prairie, with numerous marshes and 
 ponds. A large marsh extends across nearly the whole of th« 
 north part, and an alkaline flat occurs about the oTntre of Jh! 
 township. The water in the ponds and maraheris frih Soi 
 asandyloam, 6 inches deep, with a clay 8ub™n!H»t?l eicert 
 in the big marsh. -/. J. McKeitm, 1882. ^ 
 
 Oumnes—Smvejed north, west and south Boiling prairie with 
 alf^ii?r .^JLirj^^^.r^ -^dj^ 1?-°^ i^ thesouthrwithal 
 
 cias7T.-:4:F!'s«;;:iT8T. "^"^' "'"^^ '"'" "°'^^ *^' «°^^ ^^ 
 
 East-rolling land with clay and sandy loam soils fremiPnf 
 swamps and pond« with good wat^r; rating cLlTand I^Mr 
 
 14. 
 
 !l 
 
 
£4 
 
 Tnwnshiim Went of Second Initial Meridian — Range V. 
 
 farming land. Frequ'^nt bluffs of poplar and dense willow 8crul> 
 in the northerly third. -A. C. Wtbh, 1881. 
 
 Subdivision. — Cixm prairie, with a good many swamps. The 
 soil is of excellent quality. — A. Hamel, 1881. 
 
 16. Quiiines. — The north is prairie, covered with numerous bluffst 
 marshes and ponds of good water The soil is a light sandy loam, 
 clas^^e8 1 and 2. Weed Lake is situated in fciection 36, it has a soft 
 muddy bottom; bad water. The north-west lies in the Weed 
 Hills ; poplar and brush ; light soil, classes 2 and 3. — A. G. Thorn- 
 son, 1881. 
 
 East — Sections 1 and 12 are rolling land with a good many 
 scattering clumps of poplar and willow, class 2. A creek, 2 to 8 
 leet deep (June) crosses Section 12. North of this for some dis- 
 tance the surface is bare prairie with sand ridges, after which the 
 balance is rolling prairie, generally open, but poplar bluffs to the 
 east and a good deal of poplar to west ; rates class 2. Weed Lake 
 crosses ^"ection 86 — W Pearr.e, 188 1 . 
 
 Sub-division. — Nearly covered with poplar and willow. 
 Pipestone Creek flows through in a south-easterly direction, and 
 contains fresh water. The soil is everywhere very good ; in some 
 places a sandy loam, in others a clay loam. — Burchill and Davis, 
 1881. 
 
 m. Outlines — North — praiiie with a good many grass and water 
 popJs, and an excellent soil. In the centre there are numerous 
 lakelets, and in Section 32, Weed Creek 18 inches deep (June) 
 crosses from the south of the township. East — rolling prairie, 
 with many small swamps and poud holes in the north ; but going 
 southwards the land becomes fairly dry until the south of the 
 township is reached, when it becomes wet again. The soil rates 
 class 1 — W. Pearce, 18^1. 
 
 West— rolling prairie, light and gravelly on the tops of the 
 ridges — some parts low and swampy — others level and sandy, 
 the north is the best aud class 1. The other portions are classes 
 1, 2 and 3, according to ralue. — A. C. Thomson, 1881 
 
 Sub-division. — I'rairie, dotted with a few small poplar bluffs. 
 There is plenty of splendid land, but there is a good deal of rather 
 light soil. Weed Creek expands into a large lake, which has a 
 large muskeg towards its northern shore. There are also a good 
 many smaller lakes, — <S. L. Brabazun, \S^2. 
 
 ^8. Sub-division. — The soil is rather inferior and coveted with patches 
 of poplar and willow scrub. All but the extreme north-east 
 part of the township is included in Indian reserves — W. and D. 
 Btatty, 1882. 
 
 X^A. Outlines. — On the north the western half of Section 81 is a steep, 
 rugged and heavily timbered slope towards Crooked Lake, which 
 extends along the line for about a milo. The Qu'Appelle River 
 flows out from this lake. The three easu-rn sections consist chiefly 
 
 patches of scrub, and some narrow ridges .ind ravines, with 
 marshy bottms. Sections 36, 34, 82 and part of 33 ; rate, class 1, 
 and the rest class 3. — \V, T. Thompson, 18 ?0. 
 
19 
 
 20 
 
 21. 
 
 fnwmhips West of Second TvUial M'>.rxdian.—Rang9 V, 
 
 65 
 
 Ii( 
 
 rh and 
 
 aii. 
 
 broken with ravines to the Qu'Appolle Rfver 
 ay ; scattered bluffs of poplar and clumps ol willow. This town- 
 up consists of only a few sections. T Kaim. 
 
 Subdivnion.—Good land in the river valley and on the upper 
 plateau ; but the latter is rather broken by ravines. There is a 
 small lake through which the Qu'Appelle River flows - W. aWd D 
 ±Seatti/, 1881 
 
 0«^Jmes.— l he eastern boundary ru.is through rollintr prairie, 
 treely dotted with small grass marshes, and possessing a clay loam 
 sou which is generally class 1. In the southern half thefe are 
 scattered clumps of poplar and Willows -T^. T Thnm/mm^lSSO. 
 boil, poor and light ; many gravelly knolls Ravines in the 
 south-west opening towards the Qu'Appelle River.-- C. F. Miles 
 
 Sub-division —Crooked Lake covers a portion of the south- 
 west corner. The soil is a good, sandy loam. Several ravines run 
 through the township and drain it thoroughly. The surface is 
 
 r«l^£ SfTi^V'^'J^ ^\^^' °^ P'^P^"^- ^^'^"g ^^« ^a^^ks of the 
 ravines the bluffs of poplar are very thick ~i2. C. McPhiUips, 1884. 
 
 ■ ^"^^»""— The east is high rolling prairie, dotted (July, August^ 
 with small grass marshes and meadows, and having a loamy soil 
 over a clay subsoil. The rating is nearly all clas. 1. The alluvial 
 
 *rSu V^ * ^^'^'^y loam.— IT. T. T/iovipson, 1880. 
 
 The land along the north boundary is fir-.t and second class, 
 but towards the south-west the soil becomes lighter, and is third 
 claes, and is covered with a growth of small poplar and dense 
 T-ii ^ There are numbers of ponds. This township drains to 
 Little Cut Arm Creek— C F. Miles, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division -liomng prairie. The water in the marshes is 
 deep and difficult of drainage, the land being therefore better fitted 
 tor grazing than any other purpose. Soil, light and gravelly on 
 the ridges, the richer portion having apparently been washed 
 d^wn into the marshy basins ; uniformly third, class.— T. W, 
 Walsh, 1»81. 
 
 Oi/j/mes— East— fine undulating prairie; soil, generally clay loam 
 and class 1 except in Hection 36, where there are stony flats and 
 low, gravelly, shallow, soiled ridges. In the south two-thirds 
 there IS a fair distribution of grass meadows, and a branch of LitUe 
 <^nt Arm Creek crosses the line in Sections 12 and 13. This stream 
 18 3 feet deep, and has good water and a rapid current. The main 
 cart trail, to and from Carleton, Battleford and Fort EUice, crosses 
 the line m 25.— TT. T. Thompson, 1880. 
 
 ^ Drained by Little Cut Arm CroeJc. The soil varies between 
 liTst and second class, th6 north-west of the town&hip being poorest 
 -^C.F. Miles, 1881. ^ 
 
 Sub'divisidn.—TJndn\a.ting prairie. Rich, black loam soil, and 
 excejlent meadows and grazing land. The township is crossed bv 
 ine xiittie Uut Arm Creek -if. Wilson, 1881. 
 
 Outlines.—'Weat—Boil, sandy, gravelly and third class.— 0. F' 
 Miles, 188 L 
 
 •y 
 
 flwir-i;' 
 
 If: 
 
 '*J 
 
C6 lownskips West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range V. 
 
 North— generally rolling prairie, with numerous ridges and 
 low hills ; many small meadows and marshes ; and toward the 
 east, some poplar and willow scrub, and a few scattered bluffs of 
 poplar. The land is all class 1, except on Section 81, where it is 
 class 2. The east is all rolling prairie, with a fine loamy soil, 
 and class 1, except Section 1, w^ich is stony and gravelly, and 
 class 2. The southern third is somewhat dry ; but in the north 
 two-thirds there are small scattered marshes, and several small 
 jeedy creeks. On Section 86 there is a willow marshy creek, 15 
 to 18 inches deep, having a slight current and good water running 
 over a stony bed. There is small poplar and willow in the north 
 half, but the south half is open.— PF, T. Thompson, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. —JJndnl&tmg prairie, without any running 
 stream. The soil is somewhat of an inferior quality, being a 
 sandy loam mixed with considerable gravel. It will not rate 
 over class 2 —R. A. Wilson, 1881. 
 
 Outlines. — The north and west is rolling prairie, poplar occurs in 
 scattered clumps all along the north .and on the west in Sections 
 81, 30 and 7. The rating is class 1. A creek, 60 links wide, 
 with low marshy banks crosses Section 12.—/. L. Reid, 1881. 
 
 East — the surface is somewhat low and wet, and there are a 
 number of willow covered flats and many good meadows, which 
 —the season being exceedingly wet— are all under water. The 
 soil is a good black clay loam, classes 1 and 2. Clumps of poplar 
 are frequent. Near the middle the line crosses a large creek. — 
 W. Ogilvie, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division.— The north-west quarter is nearly destitute of 
 timber. The remainder is thickly dotted over with groves of 
 poplar and How, affording a plentiful supply of fuel ; but the 
 poplar is scarcely large enough for building purposes. A limited 
 supply can, however, be found for small buildings. There is 
 good hay land and also a plentiful supply of water. A good cart 
 trail affords communication with Fort Qu'Appelle. Soil— from 6 
 to 8 inches deep, with a sandy loam subsoil ; second class.—/. 
 McArthur, 1882. 
 
 Outlines.— The north is rolling prairie ; soil sandy and gravelly ; 
 classes 2 and 3. Several grassy lakes were crossed, the largest 
 one being on Section 36. A creek flowing east passes across Seo 
 tion 31 ; it is about 2 feet deep, with a swift current.— T.JDrMW- 
 mond, 1880. 
 
 West— prairie ; scattered poplar and willow ; class 1. The 
 south half is rather wet, having many marshes. A small creek 
 crosses the line on Section 19.—/. L. Reid, 1881. f^ 
 
 The east is knolly prairie ; many small meadows, much poplar 
 and willow scrub ; fair gravelly loam soil, classes 1 and 2. The 
 north half is very flat and wet, and Section 36 is nearly all marsh 
 mieadow; poor soil — W. Ogilvie, 1880. j 
 
 Sub-diyiston.—'RoWing prairie, crossed by two creeks. The 
 soil is good, i he wood is only fit for fuel and fencing.-/. /. 
 Burrows, 1882. ® 
 
 5M. 
 
Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range V. «7 
 
 585. Oullines.-The north is rolling prairie, with scattered scrub and 
 poplar ; soil, light and gravelly, classes 2 and 8. A creek 2 feet 
 deep and 85 links wide crosses Section 31, flowing north-west. 
 A cart trail also crosses Section 31. Marshes are numerous ; one 
 large one covers the whole north half oi Section 34. Section 83 
 and south half of Section 3, is low, wet prairie, classes 3 and 4, 
 On the west boundarjr the soil is very g'avelly, and in portions 
 of Sections 1 and 12 it is low and wet. The rating of the land s 
 generally third class, except Section 31, which is second class.— 
 T. Drumniond, 1880. 
 
 East— rolling prairie, low and flat, a great deal of it is sub- 
 merged and the soil is poor and sandy, except Section 86, which 
 has an excellent soil, higher and drier. "class 1. A large alkaline 
 lake lies on Section 25.— PT. Ovi/vie, IHHO. 
 
 Sub-division —Rolling prairio, with two small islands of 
 wood. It contains part of a large lake which the surveyor believed to 
 be Leech Lake, besides a Inrge qu^mtity of other lakes and niarshes. 
 Soil, fairly good, but the prevalence of so much water will be 
 jound a drawback to settlement ; uniformly second class. — /. Hill, 
 1881. 
 
 36. Outlines —The north is prairie ; rich soil ; class I. Much poplar 
 and willow. The Little White Sand River crosses Section 34, 
 swift current, 6 to h feet deep. A fair mill site here of 8 feet 
 head. There is a tributary of the river on 31. I he line crosses 
 a cart trail between Fort Felly and Qu'A.ppelK on Section .H6. 
 Going north on the east line there is first, open prairie with a 
 gravelly loam soil of fair quality for three miles, then there is 
 some small poplar, and the soil becomes better rating up to class 
 1, m Section 36, where ther-; is a rich growth of wild peas and 
 vetches. — W. Of^iluie, 1880. 
 
 Going north on the west line for two miles the soil is a light, 
 sandy loam ; class 2. Atter this the soil becomes better, and class 
 1, merging into a rich clay loam on the north thud. Willows 
 and scrub predominate along the line, but there arc sora«; scattered 
 I)oplars. A small swift creek crosses Section 6.-- T. Diummond. 
 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, with bluffs of poplar, willows 
 and scrub, broken by numerous maiehv s. Three or lour creeks 
 run through the township, fhe soil throughout is rich sandy 
 loam.— Mei fen stein and Small, 1881. 
 
 27. Otfi/mes.— North— knolly and rolling ; gravelly on the knolls ; 
 averages class 2 ; a few marshes. A creek of good water crosses 
 the line a number of times in Section 84. West— soil, black 
 and sandy loams, gravelly on the knolls ; averages, class 2. Much 
 willow and a fc w large poplars Some marshes and a creek of 
 excellent water crosses Section ol, flowing east along the northern 
 tier of sections.— C? C. Ramboth, 188). 
 
 T hi» PA.sf. !.■< iinH iilniiiin- iirairiu vamIIi i»rwi.l 
 _ . 1...., !■••:■' 
 
 
 m 
 
 some of the trees 8 to 10 inches in diameter The soil is generally 
 class 1, and, in places, it is a rich dark loam ol io inches depth on 
 
2i». 
 
 58 Tofffnahips West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range V. 
 
 a clay subsoil. A crook with a 2j-inilo current, and about lOfeet 
 deep, crosses Section 2 \ Another creek crosses Section 86.— A L. 
 Ruisell, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division.— Level prairie, with good soil. Thickly dotted 
 with clumps of timber and broken by marshofl. Abundance of 
 good water and hay.—/. J. McKenna, 1881. 
 
 Oi»Uines.— The first 8 miles of the north boundary, going east, is 
 Open prairie, with a few patches of scrub and scattering poplars 
 on f - tions 32 and 38. The soil thus far is good and the land 
 Wt class 1. About midway on Section 84 the line crogaes 
 Or Lake, which is 17-40 chains wide and extends about IJ 
 Ihi-.o southwards. From thence the land consists largely of 
 tnarsh and swamp, with occasional bluffs of poplar bush and 
 scrub, and rates classes 1 to 2. There are many large pond's, and 
 on the adjoining portions of Sections 86 and 86 is a large body of 
 good water, -^5 chains wide, called Bennet's Lake. East— much 
 of this line is low wet land. There are some high places. The 
 surface is covered with poplar bush and willow scrub, occasional 
 openings. The White Sand River, crossing the south-east, is 
 about 14 feet deep (June) with a 2-mil6 current and low miry 
 banks —.1. L Russell, 1880. 
 
 "West— The White Sand River crosses Section 6. It is a 
 rapid stream, about 4 miles an hour, and flows in a valley abont 
 160 to 200 feet deep. There are deep marshes on the uplands on 
 both sides of the valley. The country throughout is undulating 
 and covered with small poplar and Scrub. The land averages 2 to 
 2i, but graduates from 1 in Section 6 to 3 in Section 81.— (?. C 
 Rainbcth, 1^81. 
 
 Outlines. —The west is rough scrubby prairie, classes 2 to 8 ; is a 
 poor country, alternating sandy knolls, deep marshes, poplar, 
 brush, thick scrub and slush —G?. G. Rainboth, 1881. 
 
 East— first rate soil, but low, wet, marshy land covered with 
 poplar and willow scrub.— il. L. Russell, 1880. 
 
 Outlines. — North— generally low land, with poplar bluffs and small 
 poplar and willow scrub, and numerous marshes. East — south- 
 east lov^r and wet with poplar scrub ; but becoming drier vdth 
 larger timber towards the north. The soil is all class \.—A. L. 
 Russell, 1880. 
 
 82. Outlines. — The north contains dense scrub, dead wood and occar 
 sional clumps of poplar timber. Numerous marshes and ponds. 
 Alluvial soil ; class 8. The line is crossed by two creeks flowing 
 south-east, about midway on Section 85, and near the northern 
 limit of 36, respectively —P. H. Dumais, 1883. 
 
 2^. 
 
 80. 
 
I'OWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range VI. 
 
 for threo raile« when in the south the rating risos to 2 Short 
 
 urusn m vaiie7. Un 30 the line is crossed Screral times bvSotiri« 
 Kiyer and a small tributary thereof Average width of r^veTSS 
 
 and poplar' t^ali "'l^^^ ^^^*'^"^ "^^'^^^ with dm. a«h m^S! 
 fi^F£lf ^'"^f/l water courses occur on two or three other io- 
 
 w^?h a nU"!"'' f " t^ '"o ^''^^''- 'l^^^ «o^^^h i« rolling p^^ 
 existed ^Thi • '^T ^- , ^^^ ^r^"^" « a couple of croete weiS 
 crossed. The country along the firet three miles of the east 
 
 2 Fom^fr/r'^'?V°H'"» P^«'"«- w^thalightsoi ; cS^ 
 2 Fxom thence it consists of stony prairie ; class 3. aectioA -^4 
 being mostly level ; 26, rolling in the south and broken by alon^ 
 
 ley ot the bouris River and ravines running into it thbre m «. 
 small amount o*- wood in the valley.- FT. pfaJ?;. 1880. 
 
 nrpirfr '!;"""' T;^^^ f ^*^ ^^^^ ^f *^i« township is fin6 rolliiiit 
 Knc •;, ^i^g^i «^«^»«^t for agricultural purposes.i-Smc/ ..V^ 
 
 NoTi —North half suryeyed by W. PearceJ 
 
 ^ ?hf l7^%T'^*'!iT-n^ ?' P.'*^"^' ^°"^"& i« t^e east, undulating in 
 the middle and hil y m the wefet. .Soil, class 2. The weft k 
 ro ling except Section 86 which is hilly Soil li-ht Th^ Uud 
 rates class 2, except ou Section G where it is class"?. The latter 
 section 18 stony. The three southern sections on tha ea^ line 
 consist of broken prairie, very stony, class 8. The remainder il 
 rolling prairie, with a light soil, class 2. A number ot-wate^ 
 
 wTrrnTr^ 'V ?J^^^^ '^ '^^ -^t*^' '^^' most oAhem 
 ri fee^Xen Th ''' ' ^" *^' T*^ °^ ^^^"'"^ ^5 is a pond about 
 on W»!f?- ^^^^^^.«r "^^.^^ °^ ^^y of the lines, and, e.eept 
 1880 east Ime, very httle surface water was met with - W. Pearce, 
 
 Sub-division^kll rolling prairie, with a light, gravelly soiL 
 
 part of the township there are some bods of lignite of very eood 
 quality. Over a seam of lignite in one place, Ih.ra is a IS of 
 ^ iron ore, from 1 to 2 feet in thickness -1 L. Poudrier, 1881 
 
 SSTirl^^ '''''?^ ?°^*^ ^^^ ^««* -consist of rolling prairie 
 with a black gravelly oam soil. Small marshes are lumeroiw 
 along the north. Sections 36. 35. the adioinino- nnrhnr,« «f pfl^ 
 
 ILT9 ^^^ ^U^'"" ^^."' °*' ^2 '.^*^ ^^"'^ ^' ^«d the"re8t"of the land 
 Class J The west generally rates class 2. Small marshes 
 occur at long intervals. The east is rolling prdrie, wiUi a 
 
 tm 
 
 
■!ii 
 
 % 
 
 60 Ibwmhipt Went nf Second Initial Meridian. — Rnnr« VI. 
 
 black clay loam soil, clase 1 e\'ery where except on Section 1, and 
 the adjoining half of 12. Water is scarce, there is no wood on any 
 ol the Jines — T. S. (Jore, l«bl 
 
 Sttb-dtvisiiin. — Not very got d for eettlenunt, the Innd being 
 "barren and much broken by pondn and deep water marshes, 
 finrface gently rolling, with poor pnsturngo and no timber. Soil 
 — sandy and gravelly, with stones ; generally third clasH. — J. A. 
 Carbert, 1881. 
 
 - Outlines.— The north is undulating prairie, with many marshea 
 and a few small ponds. The toil is a brownish clay loam, over 
 clay, and the land rates classes 1 and 2— J. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 On the west boundary. Sections G, aO, 81 and the adjoining 
 X)OTtions of 1» and 19 rate class J, and the balance of the land 
 class 2. The surlace is rolling prairie, and the soil black clay 
 loam on the two northern sections, and gravelly loam on the rest. 
 Small marshes occur at intervale all along the line. There is no 
 ■wood. The east is rolling, with a darK gravelly loam soil ; 
 •water scarce ; no wood. Section 86, the adjoining halt of 26 and 
 the southern portions of 24 and 18 rate class 1, and the balance 
 oi'the land class 2 — f S Gure, 188 J. 
 
 Sub-division— Vrairie. Clay soil, broken by gravelly knolls. 
 — P. Burnet, 1881. 
 
 9. Outlines. — Excellent soil, abundant and good water, undulating 
 snrlaice, scattered ponds and hay marsLes. Good agricultural 
 to\ -nship. The north has a clay loam soil, class 1. On the 
 -west, flections 81 and 7 and the north half of Section 6 rate class 
 1, and the rest of the land class 2. On the central part of 30 is an 
 extensive marsh, 96 rods wide on the line ; and on the north half 
 of 19, another 48 rods in width. On the east, Sections 1, 24, 
 26 and the north half of 18 rate class 1, and the balance of the 
 land class 2. There are a number of hay marshes, meadows and 
 muskegs along the central sections. There is no wood anywhere. 
 — T. Fawcett, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.-'PTa.me. The south part is well adapted for 
 farming, but towards the north the lands become undulating, and 
 good only for grazing. — J. Warren, 1881. 
 
 41. Outlines.— l^orih, west and east— rolling and undulating prairie, 
 •with a good soil, generally clay loam ; class 1. On the west the 
 adjoining halves of Sections Y and 18 rate class 2. On Section 86 
 it is sandy loam. There are a couple of good sized hay marshes 
 on Section 82, and small scattered ones elsewhere. It is a good 
 agricultural township. — T. Fawcett, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — All undulating prairie. Not much bush, what 
 there is being silver poplar. Water good, except in east portion ; in 
 Sections 1.4, 25 and 2H it w^as found slightly alkaline. There is 
 some good hay land, and large quantities of mushrooms were found, 
 in the season. Soil, principally clay loam, with some sandy loam 
 and limestone gravel, the subsoil being clay , first and secouu 
 c\ass.—D. C. aK'effe, 1881. 
 

 Thwpshipn m.i ofSecmid r»it,;,r MeridUn.-Range VI. a 
 
 ^. 0«//.-«e,.--Undulating surface ; coutaiiis a lame percontnire of 
 Clay suhsoil. Ihere is a fair amount of surface water. On th« 
 Bection 18. On the soul h hall of the fomer jh a wet meadow 
 
 of sttTons 6 a?d'" " X^r' ^l'"f ? ^^« ad-^fni'^p^II 
 */«»..«<• ?o 1 1 ;,. "".^^"^ '^^^^' t^« land rates class 1 on Sec- 
 
 iTd 2'ar?d tCba an ""m^f f ?'' ^^^"^" ^« rate« dash's 
 
 ^rorfS^*i88l!"'''*~'^^''"'"^ ^"''"' ' ^^'^^ "°" ' ^"" ^atered.-S. 
 
 ** Tw 7h7^fil'?^. 1*^' r'*^ ^.^^ ^'"^^ ^^*^« «!««« 2 throughout. 
 Aloiijr the first t)J miles, coiug tast. ihe surface is levrl nrairi« 
 
 cTeekTinn^"*''?"^"f.^r^^^^^^ ^y ^ ravine In wirn 
 ^r«r l*^? * ^''l^'' ^^"* "°«'^^« *^« line several times on the 
 
 the east half'of^f r ''...^"T ^°^"*^" ^^^"'^ ^^ ^^ 'o^'^d on 
 tlie east half of 81 ; its width is about 26 feet, depth 6 U^t current 
 
 alow water pood, course south.-O. /. JT^^^c 1881 ''''-^' '''*"®''' 
 
 ^nplating, except a range of hills in' the north-ea.t Tb« 
 ^^nship contains a large percentage of good land Moose 
 
 t^T ^'""/''"^ T'r '"^t «-"tb-'asterly di?ection ^d appears 
 to be a deep and sluggish stream. The soil on the north of the 
 creek is a sandy loam, nearly all first class ; but. .outh of t is 
 
 th; l«r!l 1 o ""^^ ^r* ^^ ^ '^*" ^^^««l' and the balance of 
 
 P««t^L J -1^ '^^-^^ '.' 'Ti'^''"^ ^y ^^ °ld cart trail. ^ On the 
 east the soil is principally sandy loam, class 1, except on the 
 
 ofsecS^??;r^'' '•' ^"' ^'/A?'^ "^<i 36. wher^itYs dass 2^ 
 STout 70 Vpt fJTllTT^ ^^y^T^ Mountain Creek, width 
 about 70 feet, depth _ ^ feet, current sluggish. North of it i^ an 
 
 scarce" VwoS,T^^1 ^ ^^T'^ ^^ P^"'^^ ^^^^^^^^ ^^t^^' S 
 scarce No wood m the township. -T Frtwce«, 1881. 
 
 bub-dtviston~VmmQ ■ level, with the exception of a ridce of 
 sand-hi Is, which crosses the north-east cornei. The soS^fs a 
 ^n'^^v, ""-.i, ^°°'^ Mountain Creek runs diagonally through 
 from the north-west to the south- east.- J". Stewart, 1881 ^ 
 
 ». 0«//mgs.— West and east-the northern two-thirds lies on Moose 
 Mountain, and the northern half of these two-thirds L an S 
 reserve Moose Mountain Creek crosses the south-west come? 
 Good grazing township. The mountain is described in Town- 
 t:^^A-ri klZ^t^.''^ ^^"^^ 5. and Township 10, 
 
 wb«?^rnn'?*^ '!»!'" **^^?o^"« Plains and is levei prairie, some- 
 iWcJpii fl^ '""^^^ south-east caused by several valleys contain- 
 ing creeks flowing from the hills eastwards. The soil is of a good 
 quality and well adapted for cultivation.- O. J. Klotz 1881 
 Tinr*irVr^.~*V """'!" 7[r"'/°T/°.t'^^^' a«ractiou« to the settler. The 
 
 TereTrlT^/n^" ^'^^ ?^^ "'^^^"^ ^^^ ^-^^^1*' ^' included m 
 the reserve of Ocean Man's Band. The land is good in the re- 
 
 ''*■' ■'I 
 
 }■ ^ *■- 
 
 -41 
 
 W 
 
 ii^' 
 
 
'^i Toihnships West of Second Initial Meridian—Range Yl. 
 
 nialrid^i- bf tlie hilly portioii, but better suited for grazing that 
 a^icultuti^. Alkali beds extend through Sections 3, 4, 9, 10, 11, 
 12, la, 14, ,15 and IH A few uniuiportarit bldffs of poplar e^ow 
 in the hills. Moose Mountain Creok traverses the west side of 
 Sections 6 and 7. A few ponds of stagnant water occur iii the 
 hills, bnt the prairie portion of the township has no water What- 
 ever. Soil— decidedly sandy in south-east portion, but better in 
 the south-west and west portions, though surface hilly, and in 
 places stony ; secon>i class, except in alkali parts, which are 
 classified fourth rate.—/. A. MdcMillan, 1881. 
 
 "lO. Ouffines.~ln Moose Mountain ; dense scrub and bluffs of pojilar. 
 Soil, first class. Plenty of water. Nearly all of this township-, 
 except a narrow northern strip, is in an Indian Reserve. — /. Gf. 
 Sing, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— Conshts of a tier of half sections north of ^he 
 Indian reserve. Heavy rolling prairie, containing many si. Jl 
 lakes, with some patches of poplar and willows. Soil, sandy, 
 with sandy subsoil ; second and third class. — L. J. Garon, 18 5l. 
 
 JLl; Outlines. — Is encroached upon by the north of Moose M( ntain. 
 The soil is a good sandy loam, and the surface is covered, on the 
 hilly' portion, with dense scrub and bluffs of poplar. — /. G. St/tfft 
 
 1861. . 
 
 Sub-division.— TioWmg prairie, considerably broken by lakep, 
 ponds and marshes. No wodd, except a small bluff" of poplar be- 
 tween Sections 35 and 36. Soil, generally clay loam, of an aver- 
 age depth of from 10 to 15 inches, with a clay or gravelly loam 
 subsoil ; chieffy second and third class, with some Prst and fourth. 
 — Dumais and Michaud, 1882. 
 
 1». Outlines— The north is rolling prairie, with frequent swamps and 
 poads. Soil, sandy and clay loam ; classes I and 2. A small creek, 
 ■ about 8 feet wide, crr^sses Section 34 There are two large hay- 
 marshes in the north of Section 31. (rood grazing and farming 
 land, but on the whole it is host adapted for the latter.— il. C. 
 Webb, 1 881. 
 
 This township is somewhat broken by the north portion of 
 Moose Mountain. The soil is a good sandy loam, and the surfoce, 
 where it is hilly and in the vicinity ot the hilly portions, is cov- 
 ered with dense scrub and bluffs of poplar — /. G S'vg, 1881. 
 
 SM6-(/ii;*.sto«.— Chiefly rolling prairie. The south-east portion 
 is in the Moose Mountain, and has a small quantity of timber, 
 being brul6 interspersed with small green poplar and willow, to- 
 gether with fallen and standing d-'ad timber. The latter will be 
 used for fuel and the green poplar will furnish fencing. The land 
 on the south-east is more broken by small ponds containing water, 
 fressh and good. Soil, a rich clay loam, mixed with limestone 
 gravel in places ; uniformly first class. — E. C. Caddy, 1881. 
 
 1». Oa/iines.—^oxth, east and west— gently-rolling prairie, with 
 numerous marshes and small ponds. Soil, a good dark sandy 
 loam, soinewhat gravelly in places. — A. F Cotton, 1881. 
 
:i4, 
 
 ^'(m;nships West of Second Initial Meridian —Range VI. 68 
 
 r..r,/''*'f''"*''t~^T"'"^ P'"*"'^^' ^i*^ numerous freeh water 
 pcnds and marshes. Land well adapted for agriculture. SoS 
 a sandy loam about 6 inches deep, with a clay sulsoil ; uuiformly 
 first class. J. J. McKenna, 18S2. <» n, uuxiormiy 
 
 S'S''T?^'' M^"J '''}^^^ ?^^^"^' "^'^^ numerous marshes and 
 ponds A few bluffs ot wood on Section 33. The soil is ffener- 
 
 oroLfZ^T V^' T*^ ^,^ '*"^y ^^^"^ i^ the south, wfth an 
 occasional admixture of gravel.-^. F. Cotton, "°"^ 
 
 1881 
 
 15. 
 
 Svb-dtvision.-UoWuig prairie, with a great many ffrass 
 marshes, ponds and lakes, all containing fresh water On [his 
 account it is better adapted for grazing than agriculture. ?oil-l! 
 a sandy loam, about 8 inches deep, with a clay subsoil ; uniformly 
 hrstclass— /. / J/cTTcw/m, lb82. unurmiy 
 
 JL9 
 
 17. 
 
 0«^^«es.-The north is very much broken by poplar bluffs 
 marshes, wilow swamps and the valley of the Pipestone Siver' 
 the bottom ot which is boggy and swampy. Soil is a I^Sm sandy 
 loam ; classes 2 and 3. The poplar ranges from 4 to sfnches in 
 
 sSnr34'?5\nr.f "' TT^ ^^^^^^^ ^^ Sections 'r^nd 32 
 eections 34, 85 and 3b are bush, with very few openings The 
 
 west IS level prairie, with bluffs of poplar. The soilis a clav 
 
 rZl • ^"^ V^"'?, ^ • T^l '''^ '' ^^^^^ i'^^i"« covered with smaS 
 poplar and willow undorbush. There are numerous marshennd 
 
 &\.i?i^' ^l^^'l P^^^"^ f ^^^^ ^^iil*^ i« i^ lection 36 Xl 
 light, with surface stones ; classes 1 and 2. The Pipestone one foot 
 
 of £c^on .7"Vrr' "^^ ^^^'i ^^*^^' crosses Ve south ha'f 
 ot fcection 2i.~A. C. Thomson, 1881. 
 
 Sw6-rf/:i;mpw_Covered^^.:ii.«land8 of poplar, willow and 
 scrub, interspersed with balm of gilead and ha^el ThI soO 
 
 . Outlines.~lhe north is rolling prairie, with a few ponds and hav 
 
 ?l?^l't?^^^.'^°i"""*'^^^: nearly all class 1. Someinclina^ 
 tion to hillniess m the centra! portion.-PF. Pearce, 1881 
 
 West-rolling prairie, w^th bluffs of poplar and willow The 
 poplar IS from 6 to 10 inches in diameter Soil, sanX a^d clav 
 loam occasionally mixed with gravel ; classes 1 and 2. Several 
 
 Td 1o' ^^tr^'f ^ r^' "* ^"^« ^^°« *^^«"gh Sectfons 19 
 and 30, with a dry watercourse m the valley. The Pipestone 
 Eiver runs through Section d. Water good. Theeastismlhn^ 
 
 Sub-division -The northern one-third is good farming land • 
 the centre is lull of lakes and sand ridges; tSe southern part is 
 hilly and wooded -S. L. Brabazon, 1882. """^nern part is 
 
 0««mes.--Rolling prairie; excellent soil : intersDer««d ^i*^^ 
 pt^nas ana ^n^ swamps TheCP.R. crosses the south-west corner 
 
 £fhllJT?K^'?'^''^u*>''.^"'^PP^"^^°«d ^^^ north-east. The 
 east half of this tovynship is in an Indian lleserve. The north 
 
 Si 
 
84 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range VC 
 
 ■ 
 
 is generally class 2. There aie scattered poplar bluffs immediately 
 to the north and ale ^' the east of this line, at w'uich end the soil 
 is all class 1 , and where there are several nice oreeks with stony 
 ' beds and £3food water. The southern end of the west boundary 
 for two miles has a fine No. 1 soil and many grass meadows and 
 swamps, and then the land becomes drier and poorer, and gravel 
 rid£?es occur frequently. Class 2 up to end of the line. — T. 
 Kains, 1881. 
 
 Subdivision — Rolling prairie. The few swamps can be 
 easily drained. Soil is very rich and friable. The east half is 
 included in the reserve of O'Soup's band. — E. G. Dawson, 1881. 
 
 19. OM//twes.— Traversed by the Qu'Appelle River. Soil poor in the 
 north. South of the river is reserved for Indian purposes. — C. F, 
 Miles, 1881. 
 
 Suh-dimsion. — Rolling prairie, with bluffs of poplar and 
 willow, all but the two north tiers of sections being included 
 within the reserve of Mosquito's band. Soil second class. — R. C. 
 McPhillips, 1884. 
 
 20. Outlines. —Northwards the country is open and varies in quality 
 of soil between first and second class. The southern part of the 
 township is poorer in soil and is covered with small popiar and 
 willows. There is abundance of ^vater from the drainage of the 
 Pheasant Hills to the west.— C F. Miles, ISSl. 
 
 Subdivision.~Y*xdLV[\Q, with numerous hay marshes and 
 / islands of poplar, only useful lor firewood. The soil is gravelly 
 and stony.— T. W. Walsh, 1881. 
 
 21. Outlines. — The northerly portion of this township is sandy, gravelly 
 and third class. The land to the south is rather better and efccond 
 class.— C. F Miles, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Grood meadows and grazing lands, and rich 
 black soil ; but broken by numerous sloughs and marshes. Little 
 Cut Arm Creek crosses the north-east quarter of the township. — 
 H. Wilson, 1881. 
 92. Outlines.— The north is principally undulating prairie, with many 
 small meadows and marshes, and a few ridges The soil, as a rule, 
 is gravelly and the land rates class 2. Sections 81 and 82 are 
 traversed by a clear rapid stream, averaging about 18 inches in 
 depth, flowing east, which also winds to and fro along the line 
 throughout 33.— TT. T. Thompson, 1880. 
 
 The soil of this township, along the boundaries, is sandy, 
 gravelly and third class — C. F. Miles, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— ?xa.\xiQ. Light soil. Watered by several small 
 
 creeks.— E. A. Wilson, 1882. 
 
 23. Outlines.— Ihe north and west is open prairie, interspersed with 
 
 numerous ponds and marshes. The soil is good, and class 1. i 
 
 cart trail crosses Section 80, and a creek with marshy shores, the 
 
 X 1 J. ~P C3„^i;«v, a 
 
 
 TTiA 
 
 east is rolling prairie with scattered poplar in Sections 36, 24 and 
 12. The rating is class 1. A creek; 50 links wide, with low 
 marshy banks, crosses Section 12. — J. L, Reid, 1881. 
 
Thwnships West of Second Tnitiai, Meridian. -Range VI. €5 
 
 Suh-division.---Romng prairie with occasional cluinp". >r doo- 
 
 settlers for a season or two. Timber for building purposercoilA 
 however be procured from the Beaver Hills. The?e is a p entM 
 supply of good water, and a very good cart .trail affords th^s to^ 
 ship communication with Fort Qu'Appelle. Soil, rkh in m^ 
 palaces, but a gravelly loam on the summits of the" mall Su7- 
 chiefly second class.— J. Mc Arthur, 1882. ' 
 
 ^** 2T/Z7'TJ^^^ ""^'^^ ^? '°"^^^ P^^^"^- The half of Section 36 is 
 wet and alkaline; poplar on this Section ; soilsandv andcW4 
 Sections 35, 34 and 83 have a light sandy loam ; cS 2 A creek 
 flowing north-east crosses Section .3, it is 8 feet wide and S 
 deep^ Sections 32 and 31 have a rich clayey loamsdlTclass 1 A 
 creek, flowing north-east, passes through Section 32, it has a sLht 
 current ; a small s ream enters it here"-T. Drummond, 1880. ^ 
 
 Ihe west is rolling prairie, crossed from the south-east bv three 
 creeks of an average width of 25 links. The soil is ne^WU 
 good clay loam • ass 1 ; and covered with timber ; genefX 
 
 7wsiIb2. '''''^ ^^'P°'''- ^""^ ^"'^"^^ land.-n bJJ 
 
 Th. Jn^^ti^Tl '• P'i^^ ' ««at*e^«<i poplar and willow ; class 1. 
 The south half 18 rather wet, having many marshes. A ^aU 
 creek crosses the line ii: Section 24 — /. L. did 1881 
 
 Suh.division~Ro\\ing prairie, well drained by 'two creeks 
 Good soil. Fairiy well wooded.-J. J. Burrows, 1882. , 
 
 25. Outlines -Going north on the east boundary the soil is ffravellv 
 and m Sec ions 1 and 12. low and wet. The rating sXlIss I' 
 tff flnw^^ 86. where the rating is 2. Acrosf this st ou 
 
 ii,.. ^«*-^»yfsjo».--Rollin^ prairie, with the exception of two or 
 
 I I^K °?^^ ''^^l?' ''^ T""^' T^°"S^ ^^^ la^d if pretty S i 
 ture ^^S,t^7^*^ marshes as to be not very desirable for &I- 
 ture, The township is traversed obliquely by the Fort Pellv 
 trail. Soil— second class.—/. Hill, 1881 ^ 
 
 2«. Ow^/in^,. -North-Rolling prairie, with scattered meadows muck 
 
 dry poplar and a good soil, classes T to 2, excepting in the western 
 
 ' uir '"'^ ^''''"'' '"^^y "^^ gravelly.- S^oSS?, 
 
 Going north, on the enst boundary, for two miles thp 
 
 soil IS a light sandy loam, covered with willows and scmb'clSs 
 
 2. Proceeding farther the soil becomes better, and the norihem 
 
 nr;wv V' t-t'' ^' ^^^ ^«^-«« i^*^ ^ "«1^ «l^y loam on th^ 
 north third. Willows and scrub predominate with some scattered 
 
 ^fci^it r ' ""' ' ^-^^ ^^^^-^* --- «-^- ^- 
 
 and SS^';^Si^'^^1^ 
 
 infl 
 
C6 
 S7. 
 
 ;»8. 
 
 Thtffmhipx West of Second Initial Meridian —Range VI. 
 
 Oufiincs.— The north is undulating country, covered with (scrub, 
 and having an average rating of second class, the west third"of 
 the line being the best. The west is all rolling prairie covered 
 with scrub, and having scattered ponds and marshes. The soil is 
 poor an i rates classes 2 and 3. A large creek, with a strong cur- 
 rent and gravelly bed, crosses Section ti. The east has a soil of 
 black and sandy loams, gravelly on the knolls, and averages class 
 2. Much willow and a few large poplars. Some marshes and a 
 creek of excellent water in Section 36. — G. C. Rainboth, 1880. ^i; 
 Svb-divisinn—L&vel prairie, dotted with poplar bluffs and 
 broken by marshes. A branch of the White Sand River flows 
 through the southerly portion of the township. The soil is sandy 
 loam, and well adapted for tillage. Sufficient timber for the re- 
 quirements of settlers. — /. J. McKenna, 188 1. 
 
 OutUnes.—ThQ north is partly open and partly covered with 
 ^hick poplar and willow scrub. The two eastern sections rate 
 classis 1 and 2, nnd the rest of the land class 2. Surface water is 
 apparently scarce — A L Russell, 1876. 
 
 i n the west the White Sand River flows south-easterly 
 through Section 31 ; its width is 5t yards ; depth, 8 to 10 feet ; 
 ^trong current ; clay banks, with boulders The slopes of the 
 valley are wooded with poplar bush ; the river then crosses the 
 township and leaves by Section 1. Here the valley is 160 to 200 
 feet deep ; and there «re deep mnrshes on the upland on both sides. 
 On Section 30 is a creek with its north bank densely wooded. 
 South of this the country is mostly covered with thick scrub, and 
 one or more marshes occur on every section. On 18 is a creek, 
 and on 6 another. The land rates classes 2 and 3, principally the 
 former. On the east the country throughout is undulating, and 
 covered with small poplar and scrub. The land has a gradually 
 lowering rate, from class 1 in Section 1, to class 8 in 86. — G. 0. 
 Rainboth, 1881. 
 
 ^uh-diviswn. — Traversed by a branch of the White Sand 
 River and a smaller stream The soil is sandy, and there is a 
 good deal ot bush ; but, altogether, the township may be con- 
 sidered well adapted for grazing. — I. Tray nor, 1881. 
 
 , Outlines — On the north line a long muskeg extends throughout | 
 Section 36, and immediately west of this a belt of poplar busL 
 From thence the surface is opin, sandy prairie, for 2 J miles or so, 
 with a few^ sand-hills on Section 35. The balance of the country 
 is covered with thick brush and scrub; a large marsh on 32, 
 The land rates class 3. Along the west boundary, going south, 
 the first mile is in thick scrub ; the next 4 miles, about half 
 poplar woodland and the rest open prairie ; the 6th mile, solid 
 poplar bush, averaging from 2 to « inches in diameter. The land 
 is all class 3, except on the adjoining portion of Sections 18 and 
 7, which rate class 2. On Section 19 is a small lake, and in the | 
 nortj^ern parts of Ig ftnjd 30 t^ere is considerable marsh land. 
 The east is rough, scrubby prairie; classes 2 to 8 ; poQr co]intry; 
 Alternating sandy knolls and deep marshes.— C?. C Raii^kQ^^y 1881. 
 
TbwHshipg West of Second Tnifinl Meridian.— Range VI. 6T 
 
 30. 0««/mes.— North— undulating prairie ; class 1 ; witli poplar and 
 wiJow scrub, occasional bluffs of heavy poplar and some wet 
 places. Devil's Creek, 6 feet deep, with a sluggish current, crosse* 
 Section 86.— -4. L. Russell, 1880. 
 
 Along tL^ west boundary, going north, the first 2 J miles is 
 wooded with small poplar, about two inches in diameter. From 
 thence, to the end of the 4th mile, the surface is gravelly prairie 
 with occasional small patches of willows. The C.P.R. is crossed 
 on the first, and a muskeg on the second half of the 3rd mile. The 
 balance of the line passes through thick bush of poplar and balm 
 ot gilead, averaging 6 inches in diameter. The land rates class 
 8. Water is comewhat scarce— C?. C. Rainboth, 1881, 
 
 Oa^/ines.— -North— dense scrub ; numerous marshes and ponds • 
 considerable dead wood, and on Section 81, some poplar timber 
 The alluvial soil is from 10 to 18 inches deep, subsoil clay. The land 
 is all class 8, except the eastern half of Section 82, which rates 
 class 2, and is crossed by a branch of David Creek, flowing south- 
 east.— P. H. DuiMis, 1888. * 
 
 
 32 
 
 m 
 
 5*# 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OP SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 * 
 
 Banqe VII. 
 
 Outlines.— The north is rolling and broken prairie, very stony. 
 
 On Section 32 the line spans the Souris River sever"! times,; 
 its average width is about 30 leet ; course, south-east. The 
 land in the valley and also that on Section 31 rates class 2, and 
 on all the other sections class 3 There is a small quantity of 
 wood in the valley, chiefly maple and elm. The sourth has a 
 light sandy soil ; class 2. The Short River is crossed on Section 
 2. Its width is 60 feet, and its course north-east. The west is 
 rolling and undulating, with a light sandy soil, and rates class 2, 
 except on Section 81, where it is st( y in places, and rates class 8. 
 The east is class 2 in the south, and class '6 in the north, where it 
 is generally stony. On Section 1, the Short River is crosbud three 
 times ; its general course is north- wesl , width, 20 to 60 feet ; 
 valley partially wooded with poplar, elm and brush. On 25 the 
 line is crossed a number of times bj he Souris River and a tribu- 
 tary of the same. The river averages about 3S feet in width ; 
 has steep banks, and the valley is partially wooded with elm, 
 ash, maple and poplar. Sutherland's lignite mine is in the south 
 part of this section Two small watercourses occur on Section 
 24, and there is also one on the north of 13, bat they were dry in 
 October.— IT. Pearce, 1880. 
 
 8ub-(Jivuion.—JJnd\i\a.img prairie, vith good soil. The 
 Souris River runs through its north end, and a creek, having 
 a branch, through the east side. The banks of these are rocky, 
 with veins of lignite, and fringed with wood. — Sinclair and 
 Francis, 1881, 
 
 2. Outlines— The north is hilly prairie, with a few ponds. Soil, 
 class 2. On the west, Sections 6 and 7 are broken by the 
 valley of the Souris River. The stream is 30 feet wide and 
 wooded along the banks by a few elms and maples. A large 
 lagoon lies some distance south of the river. Thus far the land 
 rates class 8 and is stony on the hill tops. From thence north- 
 wards it is rolling prairie, with a light soil. The east rates 
 class 2, except on Section 1, where it is class 3. The soil is light 
 and the surface rolling prairie, excepting 36, which is hilly. No 
 wood except on the Souris and very little surface water. — W. 
 Pearce, 1880, 
 
 Sub-division.— Ib worthless for either farming or grazing 
 purposes. Lignite was found in different places, particularly in 
 the southern part, where the seams are thicker and the lignite 
 less friable than in most cases. — A. L. Poudrier, 1881. 
 
 3. Outlines— klong the north, Section 89, the adjoining half of 81 
 
 and. tne westorii naif of 86, rate 
 
 
 :t 
 
 
 class 2. The soil a light clay loam on all except the two eastern , 
 sections, where it is black clay. The west has a light gravelly 
 
ThwMhipt Weit of Second Initial Meridian. -Range HI. 
 
 69 
 
 loam soil • class 2. The east has 
 
 a gravelly clay loam 
 
 5, 
 
 class 2. Sm^n m^rshes^^cwZg^nWZ ''V:rri^ ' 
 
 ^5. ffori ?881. "" ^""^ ^^^y ^^**^' '^^*"« ^**«'-~ 
 
 menttnt^ofn" ^^^L^''!^^^ P?^"^' "^* 7^" '^^^^ ^^ settle- 
 mem on account ot the poor pasturage and scarcity of timber 
 
 S. ST^^^8Z '"' '^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^ «^^-^ -^ '^-<i ckt- 
 
 0«//mes -The north is undulating prairie, with many marshes 
 
 subsc^l Th'?*^i P^^'-, ^°^^' * ^^'^^^i^J^ «l*y loam ^on relay 
 
 Ihewest is rolling prairie, with a gravelly soi ffenflrAlW 
 
 Kionir'StJ^^'??'^^ ^^^°^^«^ ^.e^ep/lLsoutlTafo^ 
 Section 31, and the northern portions of 18 and 7, which rate class 
 
 cC^ll'/k ' ^ i^^ adjoining portions of 13 and 24, rate 
 Class 1, and the remainder of the land class 2. The surface 1 rol 1- 
 mg praine and the soil gravelly loam, except on the two rorthem 
 sections where It is a black clay loam. Small marsh^ or^onr S 
 intervals ail along the line. tLc is no ^01^7.1.^^1881 
 
 P. ^tttirL--"^"'"^ ' '''' «^^^' ^^^^- ^y stony Tnoi^i 
 
 0«;;mes.~.The north and west consist of undulating and rolling 
 
 iTnTVlT .^ ^ • ^y ^°^"? '^^^- ^«°*^°^« ^1' 82, 35 and 36 rate cla J 
 1, and the two intervening sections class 2. The northpm nnr 
 
 and wlf '"^•'' ^o^'^^4 ^' *^« *-° southern secSlTnSt 
 and what remains 2. Meadows and marshes are numerous, and 
 on Section 1 there are many ponds of good water. The elst k 
 more level and has also a /ood soil. Sections 36 12 and the half 
 
 land oZ I' ^TT^ ^^ ^f"^^' '^'^ °1*«« 1' ^^^ the rest of the 
 land class 2. On the central part of 13 is an extensive marsh, 96 
 
 Z^Zt^ °TK ^' ^- "'' *^^ °i^ .*^\^°^t^ ^^If °f 24 another, 48 rods 
 in width. There is no wood m the township -T. Fawcett, 1881. 
 Sub-dtvision.~Viaine, with good soil, but broken in the 
 northern part by a large marsh and ponds.—/. Warren, 1881. 
 
 «.20«//me».--Undulating surface ; excellent soil, generally clay loam • 
 plenty of fresh water in scattered ponds and hay marshes. Good 
 agricultural township generally. The north is class 1 through- 
 out. Along the first three miles, going east, are maay meadows 
 marshes and a few ponds. On the west, the land, rates class 1 
 along the first two miles, going south ; class 2 over an equal 
 distance from thence, and classes 1 and 2 on the two southern 
 sections. Three meadows on Section 19, a pond and a few marshes 
 on 18, and a narrow lake on 12. On the east, excepting the 
 adjoining halves of Sections 12 and 18, which rate class 2, the 
 land is ail class 1. There are a number of small marshes — 7T 
 I'awceit, 1881. 
 
 Stt6-rfu>t«on.--All undulating prairie, with a Uttle silver 
 poplar bush. Well suited for grain growing. Good water obtain- 
 
 * > 
 
 « 1 
 f 
 
to Townships West of Second Initial Meridianr^ Range VII 
 
 able by digging a few feet dowu. Soil principally a clay loam^ 
 but -jome sandy loam, with a very rich clay subsoil and some 
 limestone gravel ; first and second class. — D. C. O^Keeffe, 1881. 
 •7. OutHties.— On the boundaries the surface is all rolling' and undu- 
 lating, and the soil a clay loam. On the north, ^Sections 36 and 
 86 are class 1 The balance rates class 2, except on the eastern 
 half of Section 81, where it is again class 1. On the western 
 half of the latter is a lake lt-49 chains wide and about 8J feet 
 deep, the water of which is slightly alkaline. There is some 
 marsh land on Section 82, a hay marsh of some extent on the 
 western part of 38 and an alkaline meadow on the east of 84. 
 The west is mostly class 1. Section 31, however, is somewhat 
 hilly, and, together w h the adjoining half of 80 and the south 
 half of 1, rate class 2. Section 1 rates classes 1 and 2. Near the 
 north of 30 is a shallow lake. Small swamps, marshes or mea- 
 dows occur on all the other sections, except 19. The east is 
 class 1. A large marsh extends from the middle of Section 24 to 
 about 40 rods into Section 13. On the south half of the former 
 is a meadow and a pond. On the adjoining parts of I and 12 is 
 some good hay land. — T. Fawcett, 1881. 
 
 SMb-divinion..— Rolling prairie. The soil is a sandy and clay 
 loam, of good quality. Plenty of hay and water in the marshes. 
 — S. C. Brodie, 1881. 
 
 8. Outlines—The north is level prairie, class 2. On Section 84 is a 
 lake 13-40 chains wide. Two large lakes lie immediately north 
 of the line opposite Sections 33 and 35.— O /. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Undulating surface. Contains a large percentage of good 
 land. The soil is generally a clay loam on a clay subsoil. The 
 west is hilly in the north, rolling and undulating in the south. 
 Sections 6, 18 and the southern portions of 7 and 19 rate class 1, 
 and what remains class 2. Between Sections 6 and 7 is a small 
 lake, most of which lies west of the line. Ponds or small marshes 
 occur on all the sections. An old cart trail crosses Section 80, 
 On the east, Sections 25, 18, 12 and the south half of 1 rate class 1, 
 and the balance of the land class 2. Meadows or marshes occur 
 on every section except 13.— T. Fawcett, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Level prairie. The soil is a'sandy loam. It 
 is dry and free from ponds. — J. Stewart, 1881. 
 
 9. Outlines.— Ib generally open, rolling prairie, except the north-east 
 corner, which is somewhat broken by the western base of Moose 
 Mountain (which is densely wooded) and by Moose Mountain 
 Creek, a slow and sluggish stream. The soil is a fair sandy loam. 
 The whole of Section S6 and the easterly two-thirds of Section 86 
 are in an Indian Resen'e. Good farming and grazing land.— J. 
 G. Sing, 1881. , . . 
 
 On the south the soil is well adapted for cultivation. LaJ^es 
 on Sections 2 and 4, and small scattered marshes along the line. 
 No wood.— O. J Klotz, 1881. ,. , xi. 
 
 Sub-division.— Moose Mountain Creek runs through the north- 
 east portion. Parts of Sections 26, 26 and 35, and all of Section 
 
10. 
 
 '^l^iuhipt West of Second Initial 3feridiam.—Ilange Yll 71 
 
 86 are included in Ocean Man's Reserve. The surface is all 
 prame. and mostly level ; there aro many lakes WidmaJshes S 
 containing fresh water. Soil, north and east of theTeek^avellv 
 and a ridge of stony hills extends from Section 6 Tfe'cSons 18 
 recedes Irrthr^t ^'^' ^'^*!^« --k. light and more sandy as '^ 
 
 ^d third /J M^^^^n' ""^'f^ «'°°"^ ^^*«^' ^it^ «ome first 
 ana tnira.— /. A. Macmillan, 1881. 
 
 0«///,.es-~The easterly two tiers of sections are in an Indian 
 Reserve and in the Moose Mountain. The portion west of thU 
 
 iowW Ji""''^?/"*' ^'"^^^ prairie, with Moose MouTitan Creek 
 flowing diagonally across the south-west quarter. The current is 
 
 wl„i"?'''*''''''''*T^^u^"^ P'^*"^' ®^°«Pt the north-oast portion 
 which 18 composed of heavy rolling hills, nean/ barren The re^" 
 serve of Ocean Man's ban^ takes in nearly all of two tiers Tf 
 sections on the east of the township, which is gen eSv better 
 suited for grazing than agriculture.'^ Soil, gener^rvery poor 
 consisting of ight sand and gravel, though adjoLirg Voose 
 
 11. Ow</t«e5.— The south-east corner lies in the northern foot slooes of 
 wS **T*''" ^^' *T"«^^P ^« ^^°«««d by a deep ravine! 
 f^noLc tk'"' ^^"^^ P.'^P^*'. ^"^^ ^^"°^ ^'^itable for fuel and 
 fafr fri f J "'' f -^ otherwu. 18 generally rolling, and the soil 
 lair. In the mountain there is plenty of limestone, large boulders 
 gravel and sand, al suitable for building. The westin part of 
 the township is quite stony.—/. G. Sing 1881 
 
 ««^ f «*:'^'-^*";"«---K?ni"g prairie, broken by numerous swamps 
 and gullies In Sections 7 and 8 are a lew patches of small pop- 
 lar and willows from 2 to 4 inches in diameter. In September. 
 1882, most of the swamps and marshes were dry. Water can 
 easily be obtained by digging a few feet. Soil, sandy, gravelly 
 and yellow loam averaging in depth from 8 to 8 inches ,• chiefly 
 second class, with some first.—DMmaes and Michaud, 1882. 
 
 12. 0«//^;les.-^Yth-high rolling prairie ; occasional hay swamps, 
 boil, sandy loam and some gravel ; classes 1 and 2. k. ravine ' 
 
 ''aWebt'mi ^^'* ""* -^''*'°'' ^^- ^°°^ ^^™^^g land.-^ 
 Rolling prairie ; soil fair, but water scarce.—/. G. Sing, 1881 
 ^"*-f ?'*■*"« -tolling prairie, with very few marshts, and 
 
 these contain good fresh water. No timber whatever. t>oil, a clav 
 
 iW-Ta S,,T88l"^^' ^^^^^^ ^^ P^^^^^= uniformly firsi 
 
 Outlines.— ^oxih east and west-gently-rolling prairie, with 
 numerous marshes. Soil, a good sandy loam, somewhat gravelly 
 m places.— tI. F. Cotton, 1881, ^ ^ 
 
 Surface level aud undulating ; soil, heavy clay. The south- 
 ern portion IS hilly. The soil in these hills is a gravelly clay, and • 
 will produce good crops. The northern part has good clay soil. 
 Surface, undulating prairie, and dry — / G. Sing, 1882. 
 
 13 
 
 5t t i.„ 
 
w 
 
 72 TommhipM W«$t of Second Initial Meridian — Range VII. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling or undulating prairie, very much 
 broken by numerous small ponds and hay Swamps, and a few 
 small hills. The nearest wood is at a distance of 12 or 16 miles, 
 in a direction east and south-east. There are a few small creeks, 
 which dry up during the summer, and several small gullies, aver- 
 aging in depth between 10 and 26 feet. Soil, generally good, 
 white clay and sancy loam, about 10 or 12 inches deep; chiefly 
 second-class, with ome first and third — Dumnis and Michaud, 
 1882. 
 J.4. Outlines — Boiling^ prairie on all boundaries, with numerous small 
 marshes, and, along the east and west sides, occasional ponds. A 
 few patches of wood occur in the north-east. The soil is of good 
 quality, and is generally eandy loam in the south, and clay loam 
 in the north, with an admixture of gravel ; ranks classes 1 and 2, 
 and is fair farming land. — A. F. Cotton, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, very much broken by hay 
 swamps, marshes and ponds. Numerous patches ot poplar and 
 willow occur, of dimensions fit for fuel, especially in the north 
 part of Section 84. Good water can be had almost everywhere by 
 sinking a few feet. Soil, clay loaia, from H to 12 inches deep, with 
 a clay subsoil ; second and third class, — Dumais and Michaud, 
 1882. 
 15. Outlines— :^orih. ~ rolling prairie, with bluffs of poplar Soil is * 
 clay loam ; class 1. A watercourse with steep banks in the south 
 half of Section 31 Numerous marshes and ponds in Sections 31, 
 82 and ■'%. A creek crosses the north half of Section 35, which 
 has a marshy valley. East — level prairie, with bluffs of poplar. 
 Soil, clay loam, and class 1.—^. G. Thomson, 1881. 
 
 The northern part is broken by a range of gravelly hills, ex- 
 tending about two miles to the south of the northern boundary. 
 The southern part is much better land, comparatively level. On 
 the south line is an immense swamp or marsh covering an area of 
 4 miles on each sido of the line. There are some excellent grass 
 lands in this township.— J. G. Sing, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.— Thic^Xy covered with islands of poplar and 
 willow. The soil is a rich, clay loam. The water in the swamps 
 is fresh and good. There two small lakes. This township is weii 
 adapted for settlement. — Burchill and Davi.% 1881. 
 
 16. Outlines. — The north is dry, rolling prairie ; very little surface 
 water ; a creek in Section 36 ; soil good ; class 1. — W. Pearce. 
 1881. 
 
 Is composed of some very good farming land. A portion of 
 township is ranked class 3 on account of the soil being very 
 gravelly and stony, and producing a very poor growth of grass. 
 The surface is also very knolly and broken, particularly along tho 
 southern boundary. — J. G. Sin^, 18»2 
 
 The east is rolling prairie, with bluffs of poplar and willovv ; 
 some places are stony. The poplar !» fiOui G to 10 inches in 
 diameter. Soil, sandy clay loam ; classes 1 and 2. A watercourse 
 in Section 86 and several marshes and ponds. A range of hillft 
 
TottnsMpt West of Second Initial Meridian— Range VII. 7^ 
 SrsontTh^^H^.Ti'''':' 2^^"^ 26. Pipestone lliver runs through 
 
 «,«off "• . Tu ~^''^''*'"^*^ ^y *£« Pipestone Creek which 
 expMids into lakes and marshes. The land is fairly good although 
 rather rough. On the south side of the creek there s a hea?y 
 
 f "'z^r::;?8t2;''"^ '-'' ^^^"^^^^ ^^^'^^^^^ *--^^p~ 
 
 *''' ^«iTj;r?''^*'',T* ^^*^ west-rolling prairie. posBessing a soil 
 s^,^*^ Th^rpl *"^ interspersed with ponds ani grC 
 
 hlrr^' Jrfh rir "'*'''"' *-^' '°">^™ P"*- ^^^nfell Station 
 ^!«!i Nor*^-[olling prame, with scattered poplar bluffs 
 ponds and marshes, becoming less frequent going northwards 
 The rating all round is about class 2. West-gofng souTh on 
 
 2 aL^T rl fl 1 'l^^'' *m' '°^[^ ^'"°">«« «*°"y '■" P^^<=^« «nd class 
 L?^ 1 ^ ^^* *^.'' ™''«" *^«^« ^'^ scattered poplar bluffs and 
 occasxonal marshes, increasing in frequency in the last half mX 
 
 N^ r«??;"^ T'^ ^" '^'' boundary lor two miles there Js a fine 
 No^ 1 soil and many grass meadows and swamps ; then the land 
 
 fcsTnfr «J^Prt^ "^^ J^^^«^ "^^«« occur frenqnenUy 
 l^Jass 2 up to end of the line.— T. Kains, 1881 
 
 5,^.r.SiV**'"*''*T.*^*'"'"^^P''^*''«- The soil is excellent. Well 
 adapted for agriculture —E. C. Dawson, 1881. 
 
 **• Oij/ft««».--Ha8 scattered bluffs of poplar over an undulating sur- 
 face which 18 interspersed with jponds and grass swamps aSd 
 
 S«6-rfit;ww»-Kolling prairie, dotted with small poplar 
 Th^e^soil 18 a dark, clay loam, well watered.- PT. and D. B?aZ; 
 
 ^^\S"l^'''''r^^^ ""^^^ '\}^'''^^ °' undulating prairie, dotted with 
 patches of poplar and willow scrub, exceptiag the western Talf 
 of Section 81, which is broken by timbered Ravines, very steep 
 
 TnlL-rr. Tf:J;:J:, Tsi.'^'-' '- ^^ --'-^ -^- ^^-^ ^^ 
 
 inJ^^u^^'""^ ^Z^'"?-®' ^V*^ ^ scattered growth of poplar. This 
 township 18 a fractional one and consists of somethino- over half a 
 dozen of sections. The soil is of good quality.- T. iT^mv, 1881 
 
 will. " T''""*i-~?''1^^**?^ P'"*^"^' ^it^ patches of high 
 willow and poplar, broken by small ponds and hav marshef 
 Soil, class ±—W. andD Bealty, 1881. ^ marshes. 
 
 1 1». »«;«»«» -Broken, hilly and uneven surface. Is traversed by the 
 Th/^r"^ %«.^,»nd vaUey, which is broad and has a good soil 
 The Pheasant Hill country lies partly in the north and if wooded 
 Ihere is abundance of water in ponds and streams.- C. F. Miles 
 
 Sub-division.— The Qu'Apoelle River mn« thmncrV, +i„o * 
 
 »hip iTom west to east. The "banks of the river are about '^00 feet 
 
 fi?rJfK- "^^7 ^'^^ *> ^*/^y ^^*^^y 1* °^i^«« in width. The 
 land in this valley is of excellent quality, but at time of survey 
 
 Hij 
 
ao. 
 
 H Toufiuhipt West of Second Initial Meridian.— Rangt VII. 
 
 much of it was Hooded. The land throughout the township is 
 generally of fair quality, ranking from class 1 to 8. Plenty o! 
 poplar for fuel and fencing purposes is found in bluffs throughout 
 the township. Two large lakes in the north-west portion contain 
 good water.— il. Hamel, 1882. 
 
 Outlines.— The north contains very good ro I and s well watert^d. 
 The western part oi the township lies in • ^-eriw. ^t country known 
 as the Pheasant liills, which simply Pnr ,. gradual rise for 6 
 miles on their eastern slope, beyond wh\.u a'-- umerous depres- 
 sions filled with water. These hilU are ' kly dotted with 
 second growth poplar and dense willov a, a^ ' ^out 40 per cent, 
 of the soil is first-class.— C. F Miles, ly ' . 
 
 Sub-division— The BVix face is rolling praino; numerous hay 
 marshes and islands of poplar. The soil is, in many places, 
 gravelly and stony.— T. W. Walsh, 1881. 
 21. Outlines.— This township lies mostly in the Pheasant Hill coun- 
 try ; has plenty of water in the northeast half, drainage from the 
 elevated portions. The surface is chiefly heavily rolling, and 
 about 40 per cent, of the soil is first-class. There are numerous 
 poplar bluffs and dense willows. Open prairie and wooded coun- 
 try form about equal proportions— C. F Miles, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— On the east slope of the Pheasant Hills^ Ihe 
 north-east portiv n of the township is mostly prame, with rich 
 soil. The remainder is covered with woods and sloughs. 
 Pearl River flows through. The plateau between the river and 
 Surprise Lake is described as excellent farming land.— H. Wilson, 
 1881. 
 
 22. 
 
 2S. 
 
 Outlines.— The north is principally high rolling prairie, with 
 many hay marshes and gravelly ridges. The soil is gravelly and 
 the land rates class 2. The line is twice crossed on Section 82, 
 and once near the eastern limit of 31, by a clear and rapid stream 
 flowing south-east, along which there are several mill-sites — W. 
 T. Thompson, 1880. 
 
 Along the west and east boundaries the soil is sandy, gravelly 
 and third class ; but well watered.— C. F. Miles, 1H81. 
 
 Sub-divinon.— The greater portion of this township is rolling 
 prairie, well watered by the Little Cut Arm and other small 
 creeks. The soil is light and gravelly.— it A. Wilson, 1881. 
 Outlines.— The greater part of the north line is situated in the 
 Beaver Hills. The land is rolling, and intersected from the north- 
 west by 3 creeks, of an average width of 25 links. The soil is a 
 good clay loam, class 1, and largely covered with timber, generally 
 suitable for building purposes. A portion of the trarl from 
 Qu' A ppelle to Fort Felly crosses the north-west part.—/./. Burrows, 
 1882 
 
 The west is prairie, with scattered poplar and willow, and 
 numerous marshes and ponds. Si)il good, and class 1. A creek. 
 With luaisiiy BiioreB. crosses tne norm ua.ii yi ocun-v/ii i---. •--•• 
 the east there are numerous ponds and marshes. Soil good, and 
 class 1. X cart trail crosses Section 25, and a creek with marshy 
 
^niwtuhipi West of Second Initial Meridinn.—Rrnfre Til, 7*; 
 
 shores the central part of Section I. This land is good for agri- 
 cultural purposes.— J. L. Reid, 1882. 
 
 Si, '/ivision — This township is composed of good fa> ming 
 land. It is generally rolling, and the southern part slopes gently 
 to the south-east. It is watered by a good creek. There are a 
 few large swamps and some small lakes There are a lew settlers 
 in the northern part.— C E. LeMoine, 1882. 
 
 24. OutUnei. — The north is rolling prairie, greaHy cut up by ponds 
 and marshes, and covered with scrub, young and large poplar. 
 The soil is a rich clayey loam ; class 1. A creek, one foot deep, with 
 a swift current, crosses Section J5, and a cart trail Irom Qu'Ap- 
 pelle to Pelly, Section 88. Another creek, flowing north, crosces 
 Section 81.— T. Drummond, 1880. 
 
 The west has scattered poplar and willow, and numerous 
 small marshes and ponds. The soil is good ; class 1. A creek, 
 with high banks, flows through Sections 81, 19 and 6 ; water 
 
 f;ood A cart trail crosses the line in Section 19 ; good farming 
 and.—/. L. Reid, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — In the Beaver Hills ; . • inted by t\ree 
 creeks. The soil is- a rich clay loam. The township is heavily 
 timbered. A trail to Fort Pelly crosses its north-west corner. — J. 
 J. Burrows, 1882. 
 
 25. Snb-division. — Almost entirely covered with poplar, from 5 inches 
 to 10 inches diameter, and containing a large number of marshes 
 and small lakes, rendering it unattractive for settlement. Soil, 
 chiefly fourth class, with some third. — J. Hill, 1881. 
 
 20. Ontlines, — For the first 4 miles, going east, the country consists 
 of solid woodland, alternating with intervals of prairie, which, 
 together with the two remaining sections are very scrubby, and 
 dotted over with clumps of poplar. The surface is uneven, and 
 the soil generally excellent. A tributary of the White Sand 
 Kiver flows south- ewterly into Section 81, and re-crosses the line 
 on 3t». Another stream is crossed on 3 L — W. Oglivie, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division — Rolling pr.airie, broken by numerous lakes and 
 marshes, containing good water. Two creeks traverse the t(»wii- 
 ship. The soil is a rich, sandy loam. The timber is abundant, 
 and much of it is large enough for building purposes — Reiffen- 
 stein and Small, 1882. 
 
 f67. Outlines — The north is rolling, covered thickly with poplar and 
 an underbrush of hazel, cherry and scrub. Soil, class 3. There 
 1^ a large lake on .Section 85 containing good water. A creek 
 crosses iSection S4 and the east half of Section 83, and flows north- 
 west. It is 16 links wide, 2 feet deep, with a strong current and 
 sandy botton. ; high hills on either side of it. The west has 
 thick poplar bush, 6 inches in diameter, with hazel and willow 
 brush, and some slash. Numerous ponds and marshes. There is 
 one creek on Section 31, flowing south-east, and another crosses 
 the north of Section i9 five timfts. This creek is 25 links wide- 
 8 feet deep, strong current, and has a sandy bottom. The east 
 is rolling prairie, with poplar blufiis, thick alder, hazel, wiUoW 
 
 ■m- 
 
ne 
 
 TbwtuMpt Weit of Second Initial Meridian.— Range VII. 
 
 as 
 
 2». 
 
 i n 
 
 SO. 
 
 and Bcrub, and numerous marshes. Soil, classes 2 and 3. A 
 creek, 10 links wide, strong current and a sandy bottom, crosses 
 Section 36. There is quite a large lake in Section 12, from which 
 a creek takes its rise. This creok is 10 links wide, 1 foot deep and 
 strong current.— G. C Rafr/ooth, 1881. 
 
 Sub-dimsinn— Thickly covered with white and black poplar 
 and balm of gilead and thick willows. Some of the trees are 16 
 inches in diameter The White Sand Hiver runs through. There 
 are a great many small marshes— J. /. McKenna, 1881. 
 
 Outlines.— l:h& west lies partly in the Beaver Hill country and 
 ias abundance of heavy poplar with thick underbrush. There 
 are also numerous ponds and marshes, and a number of good 
 creeks, tributaries to the White Sand River. One of these creeks 
 crosses Section 24, having at this point a width of 26 links and a 
 depth ol 3 feet, with a swift current. These join the White Sand 
 Eiver in the vicinity of the east boundary. This river crosses the 
 north-east coruer of the township, flowing south-easterly. It has 
 a strong current, is 2J chains wide and from 8 to 10 feet deep in 
 the middle ; high banks on either side. A high range of hilla 
 cross the south half of Section 1. In the valley of these hills is a 
 creek flowing north-east. It is 20 links wide, IJ feet deep, with 
 a sandy bottom : current strong. Much of the township is unfit 
 for settlement, t is entirely covered by bush and scrub. It is 
 also rough and greatly cut up by ravines and river and creek 
 valleys.— G?.C. Rainboth, 1881. 
 
 Svb-division. — Broken by sandy ridges and numerous marshes 
 and ponds ; sandy soil ; well watered ; adapted for grazine — 
 I. Trapnor, 1881. ^ 
 
 Outlines.— Along the north there are some poplars, and on all the 
 boundaries there is a large quantity of small poplar and scrub 
 underbrush. The south-west of the to-v/nship slopes to the 
 Beaver'HiU country, and is furrowed by the White Sand River 
 and several tributaries thereof, which wind along deep ravines. 
 One of these streams crosses Section 6, and another Section 80 ;, 
 both have a rapid current, . .ear water and stony bed. The river 
 crosses the township diagonally from the north-west, and has a 
 very rapid current. Along the ea«t and north there are numerous 
 marshes, and on Sections 6 and 7 thf -o are some large ones. There 
 IS a lake on Section 24. The township has some fair, open places, 
 but IS generally not inviting, and rates classes 2 to S.—G. C. Rain- 
 both, 1881. 
 
 Ow^Zmes.— Northwards there is heavy poplar, with poplar and wil- 
 low scrub, some of the poplar averaging from 10 to 16 inches in 
 diameter. Numerous marshes were crossed. There is a range of 
 gravelly ridges in the north-east comer of Section 85. With this 
 exception, the land is all class I.— A. L. Russell, 1880. 
 
 The west line is entirely covered with scrub, and there are 
 acme marshes of large size. Class b. A small creek enters the 
 north of Section 6, with a slow current. There is also a lake on 
 
 4^1.: 
 
 
 m, in liiC t;uurse oi the vvnite Baud iiiver. 
 
 The east 
 
82. 
 
 Tbwnthipt Wett of Second Initial Meridian.—Range YII. IT 
 
 is prairie, covered with thick poplar, willo*ir and balm of gilead, 
 averaging 6 inches in diamoter. Several marshes were crossed. 
 Soil, class 8, gravelly in places.— G. C. Rainboth, 1881. 
 
 Outlines.— ThQ north is thickly covered with poplar timber, dense 
 scrub and dead wood. Nrimerous marshes and ponds. The 
 alluvial soil varies from 10 to 18 inches in depth ; subsoil, clay. 
 The land is all class 8, Devil's Creek is crossed on the western- 
 half of Section 36, flowing south-east.— P. E. Dumais, 1888. 
 
 tlX'j 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OF THE SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Ranoe VIII. 
 
 1. Outlines.— Tha north is level, rolling and undulating. A branch 
 of the Souris River, flowing north-easterly through narrow 
 valley, crosses Section 88. Grass swamps occur at ini als along 
 the line. The land rates class 8 throvighout The vest is roll- 
 ing prairie, without surface water. Soil, class 2. The east is 
 rolling and undulating. The land rates class 2, except on Section 
 86, where it is class 8, the soil being generally light and sandy. 
 Surface water is scarce There is no wood in the township, 
 except some along the river. The south is rolling prairie ; soil, 
 class 2. A branch of the Souris River is crossed three times on. 
 Section 6. Its width is from 18 to 80 feet and its couise north- 
 east.— W. Pearce, 1880. 
 
 The west is undulating prairie. Numerous swamps and 
 marshes w^ere crossed, containing water. Soil, clay loam with 
 clay subsoil, stony in places; classes 1 and 2. A small creek 
 crosses the south half of Section 80. G^ood farming land. — J. 
 McLatchie 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, with good average soil. A 
 branch of the Souris River runs through from south to north. Its 
 banks are lined with brush and clumps of elm, poplar and ash. 
 Hops and plum trees abound in great luxuriance. Lignite was 
 found lying along the sides of ravines. — Sinclair awl Francis, 
 1881. 
 
 ft. Outlines. — The north is rolling prairie, without wood or water. 
 Soil, class 2. On the east. Sections 1 and 12 are crossed by the 
 valley of the Souris River ; it is 80 feet wide, and wooded along 
 the banks by a few elms and maples. Some distance south of the 
 river is a laige lagoon. Thus far the land rates class 8, and is 
 stony on the hill- tops. From thence, northward, it is rolling 
 prairie, with a light sandy soil ; class 2. Water scarce ; no wood. 
 On the west the surface is generally rolling and ftony prairie; 
 but Sections 19 and 80 are somewhat broken, the formej* by the 
 Souris River, 20 feet wide, slow current, course east. The land 
 along its banks is low. and is ii coded at high water. This 
 country rates class 3. — W. Pearce, ' "^80. 
 
 West — rolling prairie, numeroub > wamps and hay marshes. 
 Soil, clay loam, with clay subsoil ; < lasses 2 and 8 ; stony in 
 places. A small creek cros- -s the south quarter of Section 6. 
 Section 19 is greatly brok n ' \v hills md ravines, which slope 
 towards a coulee in the ceat^;' ; art, This coul6e has broken and 
 sinuous banks, and carries th Souri.- River, a fresh water stream, 
 bordered with good hay land. Sef< on 80 is greatly broken by 
 hills; some ot them are 150 fe^t m height. Section 81 is also 
 broken by hills. Good farming Itnd, but a little stony. — / Mc- 
 Liuichie, 18S1. 
 
Towmhipi West of Second Initial Meridian,— Range VIII. *J9' 
 
 Subdivision.— 'Rolling prairie, but, in places, very much 
 broken. There are deposits of lignite along the Souris branch 
 which enters the township on Section 4, and joins the Sonris in 
 Section 16. This river flows across the township in an easterly 
 direction. The soil is, in many parts, stony, and is second and 
 third class.— /'o«</ner and Pe.arce, 1881. 
 
 8, Outlines. — The north and south have a light clay loam soil, class 
 2. The east has a light gravelly loam soil, class 2. Taer'e ia no 
 wood and very little surface water in the township,— T. S. Gore, 
 lool. 
 
 The west is undulating prairie, with a number of marshes 
 and patches of good hay land. Soil, a brownish clay loam on clay 
 subsoil. The adjoining portions of Sections 81 ..nd 30, the north 
 of 19 and the south of 18, rate class 1, and the rest of thr land 
 class 2.— /. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 S«6-(/»vmon— Rolling prauia, much broken by ponds and 
 marshes, with poor pasturag* and devoid of timber. Soil, pandy 
 and gravelly loam, stony and uifertile ; second and third clajs.— 
 /. A. Carbert, 1881. 
 
 4. Outlines. — ^The north md west lines were surveyed over undu- 
 lating prairie, with a few small marshes and ponds. Soil, a 
 brownish clay loam on a clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. On the 
 west there are more marshes, the surface is generally stony, and 
 the land rates class 2, except Section 6, where it is class 1 —J. Mc- 
 Latchie, 1881. 
 
 The east is rolling prairie, with a gravelly soil, generally hard 
 and stony. The land is all class 2, except the 80u«>i half of Section 
 86 and the northern portions of 13 and 12, which rate cla^ss 3. 
 One or more small marshes occur on every section, — T, S Gore 
 1381, . 
 
 Sub-division.— Tr&ine, with good soil. A little stony in places. 
 —F. Burnet, 1881. 
 
 5. Outlines.— Excailent soil ; abundant and good water ; untlulatiy'^ 
 surface ; scattered ponds and hay marshes, and good agriculturiS 
 towrs ship generally. The north has a clay loam soil, class 1, and 
 there ai«j a number of meadows and marshes along the first 2J 
 miles, going easl. The east has also a clay loam soil. Sections 
 of 24 and 26 r^te -lase 1 ; the two southern sections, classes 1 and 
 2, and w"!f?<^ remains, class 2. ..leadows and marshes are 
 ni.merous, on Section 1 there are many ponds of good water. 
 No wood ju .nthei line,— T. fawcett, 188 L 
 
 The west is undulating prairie, with many small marshes. 
 Soil, a brownish clay locm cu a clay subsoil. The land rates -lass 
 2, excepting ihe south half of Section 18 and the north of 81, \ here 
 it is cla^-s 1.—/. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — BoDing prairie, with a lurge number of small 
 hay iropdowB and sloughs. Soil— clay loam, from 8 inches to 12 
 mc^et:> deep, with gravelly clay subsoil, and some stonv and 
 gTPTeliy ritlges ; second class,— P. Burnet, 1882. 
 
 '.var'*t-. 
 
^0 Tuwnships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Rang* YIIL 
 
 «. 
 
 Outlines. — Excellent soil ; abundant and good water ; undulating 
 surface ; scattered ponds and marshes, and good agricultural town- 
 ship. The soil is generally clay loam ; class 1 throughout the 
 north, and on the east, class 1 along the first 2 miles, going south ; 
 class 2 over an equal distance from thence ; and classes 1 und 2 
 on the southern sections. Three meadows are crossed on Section 
 25 ; a large pond and a couple of marshes on 18 ; and a narrow 
 lake on 12. No wood on any of the lines surveyed.^T. Fawcett, 
 1881. 
 
 The west is undulating prairie, with many marshes and 
 patches of good hay land. Soil, clay loam, over clay. On the 
 north half of Section 31 the line crosses a creek. The land is all 
 class 1, except the northern parts of Sections 6, 18 and 31, where 
 it is class 2. — /. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Undulating prairie, with some good hay land 
 and good water in creeks and ponds. There are some large hills 
 in the S. W. part. Well suited for settlement, want of wood being 
 the only drawback. Soil, a clay loam, with clay subsoil, mixed 
 with limestone gravel ; first and second class. — D. C. O'Keefe, 
 1881. 
 
 Outlines. — Undulating prairie, containing a large percentage 
 of good land. The surface soil is clay loam of greater or less 
 thickness on a subsoil of clay. Th« ♦^^hree north-eastern sections 
 rate class 1 ; Section 33, class 2 ; xe balance of the north 
 
 classes 1 and 2. On the eastern hf jction 81, some distance 
 
 south of the line, is a lake. There a. number of small ine)'.- 
 dows and marshes. On the east, bection 36, is somewhat hilly 
 and, together with the adjoining half of 25, and the 80u*.h half of 
 12, rates cl iss 2. Section 1 rates classes I and 2, and in the south 
 part is a large grassy pond. Near the north-east corner of 25 is a 
 shallow lake a little west of the line. Small swamps, marshes, or 
 meadows, occur on all the other sections except 24. — T. Fawcett, 
 1881. 
 
 West— undulating and level prairie, with a good soil, and 
 fairly supplied with small spring marshes. No wood. — O. J. 
 Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Soiling prairie, with a few marshes. The soil 
 is a rich, sandy loam. Water is abundant and good. — S. Brodie, 
 1881. 
 
 Outlines.— The north is prairie, undulating in the west and level 
 in the east ; class 2 throughout. Small marshes occur all along 
 the line. Moose Mountain trail crosses Sections 81 and 32. The 
 west is undulating prairie ; soil excellent ; a few small marshes. 
 No wood.— O. /. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Undulating prairie, and contafv\'n|j a large percentage of good 
 land. The subsoil is generally of a clayey nature and tne surface 
 loam, of greater or less thickness ; is very good. On the east - 
 Sections 1, 13 and the southern portions of 12 and 24 rate class 1, 
 and what remains class 2. Between Sections 1 and 12 is a small 
 lake. There are also a couple of marshes on the la tter section, and 
 a large pond. Three large ponds occur on 36 and one or two 
 
7}>tf?nships West »t Second Inilinl Mfridian- -Range VIII. 81 
 
 SubcUvisim —The eastern half is rollinif : the remainder level 
 pmne, covered with spear grass The soil^is sanTToarS 
 
 oi sections ll, 12, 13 and 14—/. Stewart, 1881. 
 
 ivT^i ? Vra.ine. Ihe soil is a heavy sandy loam, usuallv class 1 • 
 good farming or grazing land.-/. G. Sinl 18^ ^ ' 
 
 West and south-in the Souris Plains; all luvel country but 
 summr^''h^"''r ' '^'^^i depressions which are Irshy 7eSy 
 summer. The soil is excellent for farming, but there are neither 
 
 ^Z'stTlZtT'sf, Moose Mountain tSnTlsTefo^ 
 
 lar^e^kkf ItTr^^if^*^^ undulating, and contains one very 
 Sler onU Tha f ""^^L ^^1 f ^^'^e marsh, besides many 
 smaller ones. The wate- m these lakes is very good, considering 
 
 unhrolpn K ^.? ^' *^?^efore, is evidently springs. The laud 
 Tack loam^ J?,tf' '^'' I' °1"^^\^^ ^« very desirable. Soil, a 
 
 *** boundarrwh'^^ ^^ east-rolling prairie, except along the north 
 telv wS' f m' '* ^%^r«ke^ ^y a range of hills. lyin| immedia- 
 croirfl f ^T^ Mountain Creek, This streW diagonally 
 
 scaf3n j^T^®""^^'^^ ''°"^'J? = ^°^^ excellent, but has a great many 
 wSl '''^' ^""i ^'*^^^^y elevations. Numerous small ani 
 large shallow marshes ; no wood.-O. J. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Creek «*frr''";~'^*'''*^/u^-^.':^' ^^^''dering on Moose Mountain 
 rer«Jn/pf,?J' ?^^5^^.*^^ ^^^X ^^ *^^ north-west corner; the 
 W with PiT ^''^M °^; Soil-sandy, sand and gravel, skndy 
 loam with clay subsoil, etc. ; second and third class.--X. /. Garoi, 
 
 H. 
 
 anf ^m^o?Ttt^?S.f f ^.^-^0"^^? P^^irie. Moose Mountain Creek 
 thpnla^t- ts ^"butaries cross the township. The current of 
 i ra^'o/ M r Th '^ ^r^' ^T,- South-west of the creek ?s 
 Jr7?tony.-'i/:'-C7.X^^^^ '^ '^^ ^-* -- parts are 
 
 sand?Wnr''''Tl''^i^''*'"^' ^^^^'^ ^'^d gravelly in the south. Soil 
 
 soSthC Tn,,> fV'^t- 'To'"' ^'°^*^^ ^^^^'^ fl^^i^S e^t near the 
 southern limit of Section 18, and on the north half of 19 there is 
 
 CksTZch''^^^^^'l^""*r ^^^^^ ^^-^ 40 rods'wl3:"tlS 
 banks of which ar^. marshy. No wood— 4. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 by M^fse MonnT.";; r '^^ is all rolling prairie, and broken 
 
 swamT!^ T L^H^' S'^ll^es. ridges, and a few large hay 
 fWk^! 1 """i^"- The w«ier in Moose Mountain Lale and 
 Creek is clear, with a gravelly bottom. The eastern n jTTf ^^ 
 tuwnsaip i« dry, but the western part is pretty well coVeredl with 
 
 m 
 
 i.i 
 
82 'Kownships Wett of Second Initial Meridian.— Range VIII. 
 
 hay marshes. The soil is generally dark loam, with an average 
 dept of from 6 to 10 inches, with clay subsoil. In one or two 
 places it is rather stony On the whole the township is well 
 adapted for farming, more especially for stock-raising. There is 
 no wood. — Dumais and Michaud, lb82. 
 
 12. Outlines.-The north is generally high rolling prairie, except Sec- 
 tion 36, which is low. The soil is generally sandy and grasrelly ; 
 rates classes 2 and 8. On Section 82 there is a deep lake, which 
 has ravines to the east and west of it, with banks 75 feet high. 
 Between the east ravine and the lake is quite an area of good bot- 
 tom land. The lake is fed by two creeks, which enter it north of 
 the line. One of these streams is the Moose Mountain Creek, 
 which emerges again from the south end of the lake, and con- 
 tinues southwards through the township. The west is rolling 
 prairie, sandy and gravelly. Occasional swamps and ponds. 
 Section C is crossed by Moose Mountain Creek, flowing west. No 
 wood.— il. r-. Webb, 1881. . ^ , , ^ 
 
 Moose Mountain Creek, a sluggish stream, with low banks, 
 runs through the centre of the western half of the township, boil, 
 fair, but dry.—/. G. Sing, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— Rolling prairie, with deep ravines and a lew 
 small marshes. On the west side. Moose Mountain Creek, a good 
 stream of fresh water runs south-west. No timber whatever. Soil, 
 a rich clay loam, very much mixed with limestone gravel, and 
 with scattered granite boulders, but first class.— .E. C. Caddy, 
 1881. 
 IS. Outlines— West—rolling prairie, with occasional swamps and 
 ponds. Soil, sandy and gravelly loam. The north half of {section 
 6 is broken by a valley, about half a mile wide, m which is a 
 creek.— A. C. Webb, 1881. , , 
 
 North and east — rolling prairie, with many marshes and a 
 few small ponds. The soil is a good sandy loam, sometimes 
 mixed with gravel. On the eastern half of Section 32 is a creek, 
 flowing north through a deep valley, about IJ miles wide.— 4. t. 
 
 Cotton, 1881. ,,,,., 
 
 Sub-division.— tolling prairie, much broken by hay fiwamps, 
 marshes and ponds. The north-east portion is low and wet, with 
 numerous swamps. The south and west parts are dry land, 
 broken by ridges and gullies. Moose Mountain Creek ciosses 
 Sections .5 and 6, in a south-easterly direction, running m a^lly 
 averaging ahnnt 200 deep. A watercourse (dry m October, 18BJ,) 
 runs from north to south, in a gully about 160 feet deep, and con- 
 nected with the creek in Section 6. Soil, of good quality through- 
 out, being a sandy and gravelly loam, with clay subsoil ; hrst, 
 second and third class.— i)ttmot5 and Michaud, 1882. 
 14. Outlines.— nolling prairie, with numerous ponds and marshes, 
 Soil, generally clay loam in the north and sandy loam in the south, 
 with an admixture of gravel. The south-western quarter is | 
 broken by a valley about IJ miles wide, in which is a smaU 
 stream, nowmg norm, xso wuvo. — -=.. -•. -^-.T^v.-rr, -«^^-.. 
 
15 
 
 ThwmMps West of Second Initial Meridian.-Range Vill. ga 
 The west is rolling prairie, with a sandy and £rravpllv «m] • 
 oi section 61 is a creek, flowing east.— il. C, Webb 1881 
 broke^n *bf sm«lTi:^"'''^ ^ undulating prairie, very much 
 
 The nWst rood t-n T^f '' ^'^ '^^°^P^ "^^ ^ ^^^ «^^11 hills 
 iue nearest wood IS in a situation some 12 or 15 miles in i\.c. 
 
 north. There are a few small creeks, which dry up during th! 
 sumnaer, and various small gullies, from 10 to 55 fe^t deen Voil 
 a gor.d white clay and sandy loam from 10 to 12 nch?s deep ^ 
 second class.— D^^ai, and Michaud, 1882. ^ ^' 
 
 ^It \i u ' ''l.^^ ^^^'^^ ^'^^^'^ 1- flection 36 is crossed bv a 
 
 class Tfi^f '^"^tf '\^ ^^«k«^ ^^"«y. which makes the section 
 class 2 for agricultural purposes. These creeks connect wif h « 
 marshy lake m the north half of the section half a mLw 
 W dass^^ Tr ' f'^ POP^-. willow and brush, ^oil, cla^y 
 wT'k- lu /g^eatmany marshes were crossed. A small creek 
 tin 2^'i h^'^h^' "^r *V"^^> *^^ ^°^th half of Section 86 Sec 
 West-tL^' sTn^h'^'/i^ ^ ^'^ openings.-^. C. Thomson, 1881 
 west— tlie south third is rolling prairie, with a o-ood mntiTr 
 ponds some with grass. The summit! ?f thr^dges are all sto?/ 
 and the rating is class 2.- W. Pearce, 1881. ^' 
 
 -molf'fi;.''*''*"'^'*'"^''^^'''^ P^^^"6' diversified by a number of 
 small lakes and ponds, containing good water Well Xnt «d for 
 gx^zmg.-Burchill and Davis, 1881. ^^^*®^ ^^''^ 
 
 1«. Oz<^/t>es--The eastern halfofthe north boundary is rou^h hillv 
 
 fn Jun'^ ''^hrS/^""'"^' l^fe--veral s^riigcrefks^'^ 
 m June. 1 he rating is about class 2 The west has soattpriiiJ. 
 
 Sole's ^Tlf"?? ^''^ ^^^^ P°P^^^ ^^^ willoTand someton! 
 holes. The soil is very good, and class 1, except in the south 
 
 tlerTal^r ""'V ^-T ^"^^^ ^^^^ ^«^««' ^^ in the north where 
 
 ol«« Ji^^ t'* '^ ''''"^?, P""^"^^- The «oil is a good clay loam • 
 class 1. Two cart trails cross Section 36, and the trail to Oa'A^.' 
 pelle crosses Section 25. There is a small tr butary of the 
 
 S''si'Son'.ri''''P ^^""^^ ^^ ^^^^^ half of SecttiSeVi also 
 m Section 24 ; there are numerous ponds and marshes in thi« 
 
 section. Pipestone Creek, with branches, ruSs tCugh the three 
 
 southern sections, and has its source in the vicinity The valley 
 
 K *t' ''t^^« fl*V^^* ^^« surrounding surface is ^broken by the 
 
 TW'^ ^^" "'""^ ^' ^ ^^^^ ^'^^ ^^d has very S water 
 
 Sub-divition.--A splendid tract of land. The soil is a rioh 
 
 rS ^'"^ *^^ * ^^^*1' *"^^^«' '^l-y subsoil HeJe Pipestone 
 
 only fiood for fuftl. hnf tlioTo lo o« „k.,^j .i __^ i -^ _ _ ^^ 
 
 Ao;r'on: 1882. ""' ^ "^ "" -"«"uaiu suppiy.— o. i.. i>ro. 
 
 Ia^ 
 
 »:. ;-; 
 
^ T'n/f>nki^*s W'id of Second Initial divridian^—tUnge VIII 
 
 17. Oi*^/t»«.— Rolling prairie, excellent land and soil, with scattered 
 ponds and graas fwamps. The PR. crosses the township as 
 also does a creek flowing north to the Qa' Appelle River. Goinff 
 west on the north line there are in the first mile ^a^J ^'^^n 
 marshes and a few scattered poplar bluffs; class 2; then the 
 prairie becomes open, the marsh.'s less frequent and the rating 
 class 1 Going north, on the east boundary, the first two miles 
 are level and consist of excellent soil ; class I ; then the soil becomes 
 stony in places ; and class 2 ; and in the last two miles there are 
 scattered poplar bluff's and occasional marshes increasing m 
 frequency in the last half mile.— T. TTatns, 1881. 
 
 West— dry, level prairie, somewhat stony m the south halt 
 and class 2, but clear soil and class 1 in the north. Several 
 creeks, dry in June.— IT. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.-Yerj level prairie. Well adapt^ for farming. 
 Rich, deep soil ; easily dramed.— E. C. Dawson, 1881. 
 
 KoTi.— Summerberry Station, O.P.R., Uete. 
 18. Outlines.-ThiB township is timbered with clumps p^ willow and 
 bluff's of poplar. The surface is undulating, except in the vicmity 
 of the Qa'Appelle River, which crosses the north-west quarter of 
 the township The soil is excellent and the surface is interspersed 
 with ponds and grass swamps. On theeast there are numerous 
 pondsf small marshes and grass meadows, with occasional scat- 
 tered poplar bluffs and some willows. The soil is fair but wet, 
 and the grade about class 2.— T. Kains, 188 1. 
 
 The west falls into the valley and ravines of the Qu Wile 
 River • it is very broken and, where level, is rather stony, ihe 
 Qu'Appelle River crosses 19. and the vdlley^here, wnen not t^ 
 wet, is very fair land. North of the river there is poplar.- TT 
 Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. -Traversed by the Qu'ARpelle River in a north- 
 east direction, A deep ravine, with brackish water runs in a 
 south-west direction. Its sides are well wooded The soil can 
 only be regarded as second class.- W. and D. Beatty, 1881. 
 
 19^. OutUnes.^Th^ surface is rough and broken by the valley of the 
 Qu'Appelle River and has many r^mes leading into it, all of 
 which are more or less wooded. W.T. T^iompsm, 1880. 
 
 Fractional township-The Q^'^P^^^ K»^«^«^^7 '* ^^f 
 breaks the surface. There are scattered bluffs of pop.ar.— T. Katm, 
 
 1881. 
 19 0«/Zt«cs-The north half is in the Pheasant .Hill wimtry and 
 Sim arl^ Township 20. The south half slop<« to OieQu'Appelie^ 
 SoTl averages second class, but there is some fine land m ah parts 
 of the township.— C. F. Miles, 1881. „„„Har«1 
 
 High, dry rolling prairie, with poplar «crub and scattei^f 
 small marshes. The soil is generally good and ratea hrst class 
 along the west line.— JT. T. Tlumpstm, 1880. 
 
 ^ mt.- 1 -J i.U.>.»n»V>nni' fho fngrnahm la CQVered 
 
 OuO-diViSlOH. — ; ri"o ;a,ii«. i:ii-------5-^ •- - — ^ 
 
Tuwnshipt West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range VIII. 8( 
 
 with numerous small bluffs of poplar and many small swamps. 
 The Qu Appelle River runs through the south-east corner. The 
 land along the river is very good.— «. C. McPhiUip$, 1884. 
 
 20. Oullines— In the elevated ground known as the Pheasant Hills. 
 The surface is rolling, and thickly dotted with bluffs of, princi- 
 pally, second-growth poplar and dense willows, with occasional 
 large poplars which have escaped fires, Prairie and wood alter- 
 nates in about equal proportions. The soil is about 40 per cent, 
 hrst-class, the remainder being second and third.— C. F. Miles, 
 
 The west is all class 2, except Section 6, which rates I. The 
 surface alternates between level and rolling, and is covered with 
 patches of poplar and scrub, together with small scattered 
 marshes.— >r. T. Thompson, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division.— Rolling prairie, covered with underbrush. 
 Numerous sloughs. Sufficient wood for fuel- A. Hamet, 1882. 
 
 21. Outlines.— Entirely in the elevated country known as the Pheasant 
 nills. Thickly wooded with small poplar and dense willow, 
 with scattered large poplars which have escaped the fire. The 
 soil 18 about 40 per cent, first-class, balance second and third.— (7. 
 F. Miles, 1881. 
 
 The western line was run over good undulating prairie, with 
 some grass inarshes in the lower parts. The soil is nearly all class 
 1, and consists of a clay loam on a clay subsoil. The average 
 height of the land over water level is about 10 feet. Sections 30 
 and 81 are crossed near the line by Pheasant Greek, a clear fresh- 
 water stream, about 2 feet deep and 80 links wide, which flows 
 with a slow current between banks 30 feet high. The soil is 
 excellent farming land and in most places is very rich. There is 
 poplar in the Pheasant Hills.— PT. T. Thompson, 18 -JO. 
 
 Sub-division.— This township lies on the top plateau and on 
 the west and north slopes of Pheasant Hills. Good land, but 
 much broken by swales, ponds and sloughs. Well wooded with 
 poplar. The soil is a rich, deep, black loam.— H. Wilson, 1881. 
 
 22. Outlines.— Soil along the east side is sandy, gravelly and third 
 class , but well watered. In the south there are numerous bluffs 
 of small poplar.— C. F. Miles, 1881. 
 
 The north is generally open rolling prairie ; but crossed by 
 numbers of small ridges which are somewhat gravelly. There are 
 also many small marshes, and a- creek, 2 feet deep, with a good 
 current, clear water and marshy shpres, crosses Section 32. The 
 land „es class 1 in Section 81, and class 2 along the remainder 
 ot thv line. The west cpusi^ts of fine «md rich loamy soil on a 
 clay subsoil. The loam is somewhat lighter than the township 
 south, but is all class I, an.d high, dry and excellent tarmingland. 
 On Section 18, the soil is alternating sandy and clay loams, and 
 pn Section 3 1 is a sapdy loai?i. There are scattered small marshes. 
 ~W. T. Thomoson. 1880, 
 
 m\ 
 
 
86 
 
 9S. 
 
 Townships IVttKf Of Second hiftinl MiruHnn.— Rnngt VIII. 
 
 Suft-rfir j«on.—Iiolling prairie, watered by Little Cut Arm 
 and several other small creeks. The soil is of oxoellcnt quality, 
 being a rich, clay loam, of considerable depth.— H. A. Wilson, 1881. 
 
 Oti'Unes.—Tho north and east are prairie, with scattered poplar 
 and willow blutls ; a great many ponds and marshes were crossed 
 containing water. A lake of considerable exicut is situated in 
 the w< t half of Section 88. Soil good, class 1. A creek crosses 
 the north half of Section 18. Good larming land.—/ L. Reid, 1881. 
 
 Westwards it is rolling prairie ; excellent soil , all class 1 ; 
 many small meadows ; a tew clumps of popla-j. The Pelly and 
 Qu'Appellc and the Winnipeg and Battleford trails cross on Sec- 
 tion 81.— H^. Ogilvie, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division- It is rather hilly though gently sloi-ing south- 
 east. It has numeroi -i swamps and lak^s; has no bush, but a 
 few high willows. There is a cart trail leading from Fort Ellice 
 to Touchwood, that crosses it from the south-east to the north- 
 west corner The laud is good for farming. — C. E. LeMoinc, 1882. 
 
 24. OM</t«e.s-.— West— the north half of this line is in the Beaver Hills, 
 which are densely wooded with poplar ^ons^ the southern half 
 the country is rolling prairie, with an exc out soil and some fine 
 meadows Near the edge of the woods ^ ae small lakes occur.— 
 W. Ogihie, 1880. 
 
 ilast — the surface has scattered poplar and willow, and 
 numerous small marshes and ponds. The soil is good ; class 1. A 
 creek, with high banks. Hows through Sections 36, 24 and 1. 
 Water good. A cart trail crosses the north half of Section 24. 
 Good farming land — J. L. Reid, 1881. 
 
 Si'b-di vision.— In the Beaver Hills There is a number of 
 lakes, lakelets, marshes and creeks in lis township. The timber 
 is large and abundant. The soil is rich and friable.—/ /. Burrows, 
 1882. 
 
 Outlines. — West —heavy poplar woods, poplar slash and scrub. 
 Many jionds. Fair clay soil. — W. Ogilvie, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division.-— Eniiroiy covered with poplar, up to 10 inches 
 in diameter, and containing a large number of small lakes, render- 
 ing it unfit for agriculture. Soil, fourth class.— J. Hill, 1H81. 
 
 0?///j«e.s.— This township lies in the eastern part of the tract of 
 country known as the Beaver Hills. The north consists of dense 
 poplar woodland, with a thick growth of underbrush, and many 
 grassy flats covered with deep water. A tributary of White Sand 
 River flows south-easterly through Section 33. West— prairie, 
 covered with burned ^lash, scrub and some unburnt poplar. Soil, 
 astiii'clay; many ponds. — W. Ogilvie, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, with numerous marshes in the 
 hollows, and one or two lakes. There is a fair quantity of poplar, 
 some of it being large enough for building purposes. The soil is 
 very good. Sorefoot Creek crosses tb^ township. — Reiffenstein 
 and Small, lool. 
 
 35. 
 
 S6. 
 
37. 
 
 130. 
 
 lownthip, Weit of Second Initial Meridian.- Range VlII. 8T 
 
 wf/hTi;;:;^°'*^~uP^P[*'>r^'^^«°» ^ *« 7 inches in diameter 
 Til A ^^°^/;?*l«i;»"-n8h of hazel, cherry, willow, and «omeS«h 
 
 T.\'''Tu"-S^*°"y^<^«™' valley about" lof feet deep tL 
 wmow Vrtsh' a'nft 'r',' V'"r ^" ^--^--^^ hazel a'nd 
 
 '^^^^^i^:.^t^ «^-« ~. and^Ta 
 
 **■ is «ol?;f Tn?' first three miles of the north boundary, goin^r ea.t 
 
 lUlht\rL^: wld^^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^«^ becom'eXs^deTse 
 
 sni rn,,mil7v st/etches of open prairie. A lake of oood water 
 
 Srand on eachTn' '" T^^ ?•" '^' ^''^^'^ halfof SecS 
 marshes Th« \ • ''*¥' '^"^^'^^^ ^^ere is one or more wet 
 
 wri87?' "^' ^^ «^°^ '^^ *^^ ^-'d -t- class 1.-71: 
 
 East^ thick bush of small poplar and willows Marshes of 
 
 b^i^fi^^n Jr«r^^'::^r'"u^^P*"5; open prairie. Sections 81 and 86 
 thTlin° ir^ with light scrub The land rates class 2. East- 
 
 half orSectl^of ' ri'^^^^o '^f^^' ^^^'^ *^« ^^^eption of the north 
 nail ot Section 25 Class 8 Large marshes on Sections 1 and 12 
 
 rl/ i.^'T'? '^^"^^^^ 1' ^S l'»l^« wide, 1 foot deep rapM cu?: 
 oS h SLfTr %^. ^igh banks. Another creek ^cros^ses the 
 south half of Section 2*^ ; ,t is \\ feet deep, 10 links wide stonv 
 bottc^n and a fair current.- G. C. Rainboth, 1881. ' ^ 
 
 onen rnin "• ""'^^l °^ ^^^ ^est boundary, going south, is 
 
 Kof 9 ffe^wT'ir*N"'l?^r«^ P^*^^«« of^cru\ and 'on 
 sSl nnnlf. i™*"l?¥*'^^^^^^ The fifth mile is mostly 
 28^Jods^^ ^A '"I"^' ^^^ °" '^^ ^''^ P^^t i« ^ ni«adow about 
 nea "?he end 'i^'^T*^ ^"^ ^.^' '^J'*^ ^^ ^ ^^^^^ «^" ^eavy bush, and 
 The six'th"^ u tf "" '^ good water called Strawberry Creek. 
 undXloT, !i ' ^^^""l P^P^*'^ b^^h, dry poplar trees and green 
 underbrush, and near the middle is a siail creek, flowinir ea^t 
 The soil IS good and the land rates class 1.-4. L. ijJS! 18Y6 
 
 sSri"^^' ^P^? '°H^°^ P''^"^^' wi*h a very poor soil, con- 
 trSsTsZr^Tn^ "^Z S^*^"^' ^1^«8. A couple of Lm^ 
 
 low« »«,? S*^^!?^ 80. and on 19 there are a few clumps of wil- 
 ows, among which are some scattered poplar trees. The nor^ 
 
 line was surv.^vp^ /^tt^^ „». „^j„i-x:.. .. f v*"^ "*'T", xne norui 
 
 and willow scrub. On the easterly third there are numeroS 
 
 2» 
 
 ■ im 
 
 ■If 
 
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 -rfr- 
 
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 IMAGE EVALUATION 
 TEST TARGET (MT-S) 
 
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 E 
 
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 mil 1 fi 
 
 
 
 
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 1.6 
 
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 Photographic 
 
 Sdences 
 Corporation 
 
 23 WEST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBSTER, N.Y. MS80 
 
 (716) 872-450;;l 
 
 #1 
 
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88 TifWHshipt West of Second initial Meridian.^liari^ YllL 
 
 small marshes and wet places ; the remainder is much dryer. On 
 Section 82 is the White Sand Elver and an expansion thereof. The 
 land is all fair, and rates class 1. — A. L. Russell, 1880. 
 
 East— this line is entirely covered -with scrub, and there are 
 marshes of large size ; class 8. A small creek enters the north of 
 Section 1, and flows south-east through the section. The White 
 Sand River crosses the north-east of this township.— G'. C. Rain- 
 both, lb81. 
 
 a5j8.«_0««K«fa.— North— dense scrub and poplar timber, with some 
 dead wood in the east. Numerous marshes and ponds. Alluvial 
 soil, 1'2 to 18 inches deep ; subsoil, clay ; class 8.— P. H. Dumais, 
 1888. 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OF THE SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 1. 
 
 9 
 
 3. 
 
 Bange IX. 
 
 Outlines.— The north and west consist of rolling prairie, with a 
 ciay loam soil of average quality. -T. S. Gore, 1881. 
 
 The east and south are undulating prairie, with numbers of 
 swamps and marshes. Soil, clay loam, with clay subsoil. Stony 
 m plaees. Cksaes 1 and 2. A small creek crosses the south half 
 of Section 25. Good farming land.— J. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 S«A^mjeo«.— Rolling prairie. The soil is clay loam, with 
 ^avelly subsoil. There are a few meadows ; fine farming land.— 
 Sinclair and Franeis, 1881. 
 
 Outlines.— The north and west are very stony, and broken by 
 lavmes ranniBg to the river— T. S. Gore, i881. 
 
 East— rolling prairie, with many swamps and hay marshes. 
 Soil, clay loam with clay subsoil ; classes 2 and 3 ; stony in 
 places. A small creek crosses the south of Section 1. Section 24 
 IS greatly broken by hills and ravines which slope towards the 
 Souris Eiver. The north-east half is good hay land. The river 
 contams good fresh water Sectic u 26 is also hilly ; some of the 
 hills are IW) feet. 36 is also broken by hills ; the northern half is 
 good farming land, but a little stony.— 7. McLatchie, 1881 
 
 East— the surface is generally rolling prairie, very stony as a 
 me. Sections 24 and 25, however, are broken, the former by 
 Souris River. The width of this stream at this point is 26 feet, 
 its Cv"rrent slow and its course east. The land adjoining it is very 
 low and is flooded at high water. The country rates class 3. — 
 W. Fearce, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — ^The south-west quarter is good rolling prairie, 
 with fair soil ; the remainder is stony, but would make capital 
 pasturage. The Souris River runs through the north-eaet quarter. 
 —Sinclair and Francis, 1881. 
 
 Outlines.— The north and west have a soil of clay loam ; very few 
 marshes. The north branch of ^ 3 Souris Rivjr runs across the 
 south-west corner. The land, foi a mile or two on eac side of 
 the river, is very stony. The stream is about 120 feet wide and 8 
 or 4 feet deep. It has a sluggish current and a very muddy 
 bottom In spring it floods the whole valley.— 7. S. Gore, 1881. 
 
 The east is undulating prairie, with a number of marshes and 
 patches of good hay land. Soil, a brownish clay loam on a clay 
 subsoil. The adjoining portions of Sections 36 and 26, the north 
 of 24 and the south of 13 rate class 1, and the rest of the land 
 class 2.—/. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, but not very well adapted for 
 settlement, though the north portion is good land. I'he south 
 portion is much broken by ravines and very stony. Totally 
 devoid of timber. Soil, mostly hard and gravelly; generally 
 third class.—/. A. Carbert, 1881. 
 
 'fd 
 
 'Mi 
 
■H 
 
 90 
 
 T'OfHshtps lVc.it of Second Initial Meridian. — Range IX^ 
 
 4. O'dHn'-s— The north is undulating prairie, with stony ridges, 
 Soil, a brownish clay loam, with clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. 
 Numerous marshes were crossed. Good agricultural land. The 
 east is undulating prairie, with numerous marshes and a few- 
 ponds Soil, clay loam over clay. The surface is generally stony, 
 and the land rates classes 1 and 2 on the two northern sections, 
 
 and class 2 on all the rest, except Section 1, where it is class h 
 
 J. McLatchte, 1881. 
 
 The west has a clay loam soil, very hard and gravellv in 
 places.— T. S. Gore, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— lioWing prairie"; fair agricu^ ural land ; a little 
 stony in places.— P^wrne/, 1881. 
 
 «. Outlines.— The north and west are rolling and undulating prairie, 
 with numerous ponds and beaver meadows ; class 2. On the 
 north half of Section 84, surface boulders were seen. There is 
 also a stony ridge in the south half of Section 34. Section 35 id 
 very stony with boulders. Some surface boultiers also in the 
 south half of Section 19— C. E Wolf, IrtSl. 
 
 The east is undulating prairie, with many small marshes. 
 Soil, a brownish clay loam on a clay subsoil. The land rates class 
 2, except the south half of Section 18 and the north of 86, where 
 it is class 1.—/. i»f^La/cAte, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division— Kollmg prairie, with a few marshes and hay 
 meadows. A lew stony and gravelly ridges. Soil, a clay loam, 
 about 12 inches deep, with clay subsoil ; second »«,lass. — P. Burnet, 
 1882. ' 
 
 «. Outlines —The north and west are undulating prairie, having a 
 fair supply of surface water. Section 85 is very thickly covered 
 with surface boulders. On the west the rating is generally 
 cLiss 2. There are some surface boulders and a scattering of small 
 marshes— C .B Wolff, 1881 
 
 The east is undulating prairie, with many marshes and 
 patches of good hay land Soil, clay loam, over clay. On the 
 north half of Section 36, the line crosses a creek. The land is all 
 class 1 except the northern parts of Sections 1, 13 and 36 where it 
 is class 2.~ J McLatchte, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— \JiidL\xiaX\ng prairie, well suited for settlement, 
 "Water in the small ponds is good ; but little meadow land. No 
 wood whatever. Soil, a clay loam, with a clay subsoil, mixed 
 with limestone gravel ; first and second class.— D. C. O'Keeffe, 1881. 
 '7. Outlines.— The north and west consist of rolling prairie, with 
 many ponds of water. Soil, fair ; class 2.—C. E. Wolff, 1881. 
 
 East —undulating and lev<'! prairie, with a good soil, and well 
 supplied with small spring marshes. No wood.— O. /. Klotz, 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— 'RoWiug prairie. Rich, dark, sandy loam. Soil, 
 well watered, and plenty of hay. — S. Brodie, 188 1. 
 
 8. 0«;/mcs.— North— undulating and level prairie. Soil, excellent ; 
 plenty of shallow marshes, but no running streams. No wood. 
 East— undulating prairie ; soil, first class ; a few marshes ; no 
 
I 
 
 fbumskipi West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range IX. 91 
 wood. Moose Mountain traQ crosses on Section [86.-0. /. Klotz, 
 
 The west is rolling prairie, with many ponds of water. The 
 soil IS lair, and the rating class 2.-0. E. Wolff, 1881 
 
 5«6rft«t«o« —Rolling prairie. The soil is sandy loam, with 
 a white clay subsoil. There are a few ponds containing good 
 water.— J. Stewart, 1881. fa b *~ 
 
 «. Oi*«tjics."North and west- broken by sloughs, the water of 
 which is good. The soil, though in places good, is, for the most 
 part, gravelly and covered with surface stones. No wood — F W 
 
 Armsrrong, 1882. 
 
 Ea«t-level and rolling; soil, first class; numerous smaU 
 marshes. No wood.— O. J. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Suhdivision.—RomnQ prairie, better fitted for grazing than 
 agriculture. Soil, sandy loam, clay and also gravllly ; chiefly 
 second class, with some third and fourth.— J. Warren, 1882. 
 10. Oi*//mes.-North and west the land is rolling, and is watered by 
 a considerable number of fresh-water sloughs ; but on the southeri 
 Halt the soil 18 generally very gravelly and covered with surface 
 stones. The northern half is much better, and has a soil of grev 
 clay about 18 inches deep, on a bluish white cIot subsoil. No 
 wood.— F. W. Armstrong, 1888. 
 
 The eastern side of the township is all level prairie, witk 
 mute a ),umber of marshes and lakes The soil is excellent, but 
 there are a great many boulders scattered about, and the rolls are 
 gravelly.— 0.J-. JT/o/ar, 1884. 
 
 Sub-division.--yh\B township is all open prairie, much broken, 
 by ponds and marshes. The eastern part is very rough and hilly, 
 particularly the N.-li. corner, where there are hills about 200 feet 
 high and irregular ridges of clay, with a few inches of gravel 
 and light soil on the surface. The township is better adapted for 
 cattle-raising than for cultivation. A large quantity of hay could 
 be got from the marshes, and the supply of grass is almost un- 
 limited.— S. L. Brabazon, 1882. ^ ^ ^ "^ 
 
 11. Outlines.— The southern three quarters, as far as the lake, is fair 
 land, with a grey clay soil of 18 inches depth. The northerly 
 quarter is rough and hilly and the soil gravelly. The water of 
 the lake IS fresh and once abounded in fish. There are sloughs 
 distributed throughout the township, which are all fresh —FW 
 Armstrong, 18^8. * 
 
 Eastwards—the surface is hilly and rolling, with • ome Idw^ 
 bottom lands Near the south limit ot Section lo a creek flowinjr 
 east^ and on the nori;hern half of 24 the line crosses an expansion 
 of Moose Mountain Creek, about 40 rods wide, the shores of whick 
 ^re low and marshy A considerable body of water lies imme- 
 diately wefct of the line on a6. Soil, sandy loam, with some gravel 
 and stone. Classes 2 and S.—A. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— Open prairie. The surface being alternate hill 
 And dale, plain and lake, it has a very pleasing aspect. A lanre 
 lake m tae north-west qu-rter is a remarkable pretty sheet of " 
 
.WL.^MSt^ 
 
 9i rtnonshipi West of Second Ini^M Meridian.— lUmffe tl 
 
 water, extending from the north boundary of Section 81 as far as 
 the middle of Section 21. The banks of this lake, on the east and 
 sonth sides, are high, and the land along the shore in Sections 81 
 and 82, is low, and, in spots, wet and marshy. From Section 29 
 there is a lake, averaging fifty links in width, which extends 
 through a large marsh, and another smaller lake empties into 
 Moose Mountain Creek. This has low banks, and its waters are 
 charged with alkali. The east half of the township is rough and 
 hilly ; in the north-east quarter are a good many high hills. 
 Moose Mountain Creek enters Section 80 from the north, between 
 banks from 100 to 200 feet high. Its waters are strongly impreg- 
 nated with alkali. There are numerous small marshes, most of 
 which could be easily drained ; these furnish an abundant supply 
 of hay. There is a fair growth of grass throughout the township. 
 Soil, fairly good, but in some plac s rather light. On the hills 
 there is a good deal of gravel in the clay. The western haL is 
 better suited for cultivation, the surface of this portion not being 
 80 rough as that of the remainder. First and second class.— 5. L. 
 Brabazon, 1882. 
 l*. 0«<Ztwe».— Sections 86 and 35 are rolling and undulating prairie. 
 Soil, sandy loam ; class 2. Sections 84, 33, 32 and 31 are rolling 
 prairie, with frequent ponds of water. Soil is sandy loam ; classes 
 1 and 2. A lake with gobd fresh water, from 4 to 6 feet deep, 
 crosses the north half of Section 34. Fair for farming and grazing 
 purposes. The east is rolling prairie, with occasional swamps 
 and ponds Soil, sandy loam and gravel. Moose Mountain Creek 
 is crossed on the north half of Section 1, flowing west, and abov.t 
 a mile further north is a ^heet of water something like 40 rods in 
 width. No wood.— il. a Webb, 1881. 
 
 On the west and south this township is not very good land 
 for settlement, being hilly and broken, with, a light and gravelly 
 soil. — J*. W. Armslronfc, '883. 
 
 Sub-division.— RoWing prairie, much broken by gullies, 
 swamps and mrrshes. There are » few small hills, the most 
 important one o' '•hich is situate on the line between Sections 17 
 and 18. Most k,.. the swamps and creeks were dry in September. 
 Good water can be obtained almost anywhere by digging. Ihere 
 is no wood. Soil— grey, dark and sandy loam, averaging from 8 
 to 12 inches deep, with clay subsoil; chiefly second class.— 
 Dumai$ and Micha»d, 1882. 
 !1», Outlines —The north is high-rolling and open prairie, with an 
 excellent soil ; all class I. The west has a similar surface and 
 soil, and a number of small marshes ; class l.—R W. Armstrong, 
 
 1881. , , , 
 
 The east is high-rolling prairie, with occasional ponds ana 
 water. A creek (supposed to be Moose Mountain Creek) flows 
 south-east through the north half of Section 1 ; it is about 2J feot 
 deep, with a muddy bottom, and has a slow current. High 
 xavines on either side of the creek greatly cut up this part of the 
 section. Soil is sandy loam and gravel ; classes 2 and 8. Good 
 Arming land.— il. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
ibwnships Wett of, Second IniH«i MeritUan— Range IX. 9^t^ 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, very mnch broken by Moose 
 Mountain Creek, hay s-wamps, marsheo, ponds and ridges. The 
 creek traverses the township from north-west to sonth-eaijt; it has 
 good clear water, with a gravoiiy bottom. The gully in which 
 it runs averages in depth from TOO to 150 feet. The bottom land 
 is stony. Water can readily be had near^the surface throughout 
 the township. Soil dark, sandy loam, averaging in depth from 
 8 to 12 inches, with clay subsoil ; first, second and third class. — 
 Dumais and Michaud, 1»82. 
 
 14. Outlines. — The north and west are high rolling, open prairie, con- 
 taining numerous ponds and marshes. Soil, class 1. A lake and 
 two large ponds were crossed on the north-east half of Section 32^ 
 all containing fresh water. The lake extends into 81 There is a 
 plentiful supply of water generallv. Section 6 is greatly broken 
 by precipitous hills, and Moose Creek here flows through the 
 centre of a marsh. Another creek crosses Section 19, course 
 south-westerly. No wood. F. W. Armstrong, 1881. 
 
 The east is rolling prairie, frequent hay swamps and ponds. 
 Soil, sandy and gravelly ; classes :;; and 3. Section 13 is stony in 
 some places. A creek runs through Section 24. it is about l^J feet 
 deep. Another small stream flows south-east through the north 
 of Section 36, it is 3 feet wide ; water' good. Good farming 
 land— il. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Su^ -division. — Rolling prairie, much broken by numerous 
 lakes, ponds and hay swamps. The nearest wood obtainable is some 
 twenty miles to the north. Soil -from 10 to 15 inches deep, with 
 a clay loam subsoil ; first and second class. — Dumais aud Michaud, 
 1882. 
 
 15, Outlines. — The north is rolling land, broken with ponds and hills. 
 Soil is a good clay loam ; class 1. J'art of Section 32 is low land. 
 In Section 33 a creek crosses, running west , it is 10 links wide, 
 containing good water The west is rolling prairie, with bluffs 
 of poplar and willow. Poplar irom 2 to 6 ifiches in diameter. 
 Soil is a good clay loam ; class 1. Section 6 has many ponds and 
 hills, some of the ponds are very large. — A. C. Thomson, 1881. 
 
 The east, in the south third, is rolling prairie, with a good 
 many ponds, some with grass The summits of the ridges are all 
 stony and the rating is class 2. — W. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. Well adapted to agricultural purposes. Rolling 
 
 prairie, with very few swamps. There are a few sandy ridges, 
 but, generally, the soil is excellent. A few clumps ot poplar and 
 willow in the north-east part of the township. — Burchill and 
 Davis. 1881. 
 
 I*. Outlines. — The north is dry, rolling prairio ; the east corner lies in 
 the north end of the Wolf Hills, and the surface descends gradu- 
 ally to the west for a mile or more, then ascends. The rating is 
 class 2. On the east there are scattering patches of prairie, 
 with some poplar and willow, and some pond-holes. The soil is 
 very good and clastj 1, except in the south, where there are a great 
 many pond-holes, and in the north, where there are gravelly 
 
 -ri<1(»pq . * "■ . . • , . . - _ 
 
 tm ^ncktaa ^-^al^i-a 4-nA rrvaiin la Alac 
 
 
M 
 
 VnonsM/ts West of Second Initial Mei idian. — Range IX. 
 
 West— rolling prairie. Soil is a good clay loam ; class 1 
 throughout. Several marshes were crossevi ; a large pond occu- 
 pies the central portion of Section 3 1 ; a creek crosses the north- 
 west half of Section 80, and a trail to Qu'Appelle in the south- 
 west. A large hay marsh is situated in the north-west half, and 
 a creek in the south-west of Section 19. The northwest quarter 
 of Section o is occupied by a larj^e marsh ; no wood. — A. C. 
 Thomson, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — The soil is a rich, black, clay ^am. There is 
 plenty of good water ; and wood for fuel can be obtained in 
 abundance from the next township. — S. L. Brabazon, 188:i. 
 
 17. Outlines — The north is level, open prairie, clay loam. Soil, class 
 1. A creek crosses Section SI ; its valley is partly wooded with 
 small poplar. The southerly two tiers of sections are open 
 prairie ; but north of this the country is dotted with a great many 
 islands of poplar from 2 to 8 inches in diameter A creek, in a 
 large couI§e, crosses the north-west corner, and the C.P.R the 
 southern part of the township The soil is a clay loam ; first and 
 second class — G. U. Ryley, 1881. 
 
 The east is dry, level prairie, somewhat stony in the south 
 half and class 2, but clear soil and class 1 in the north. Several 
 dry creeks (June). — W. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division — Very rolling prairie ; good soil ; easily drained. 
 E. C, Dawson, 1881. 
 
 NoTi — Thb O.P.R. croasea t.hia townab!p. 
 
 18. Outlines. — The Qu'Appelle River, flowing in the flats of the 
 Qu'Appelle Valley, crosses the centre of the township. The valley 
 is well settled and the splendid crops attest the richness of the 
 soil. The Roman Catholic mission is situate in this lovely valley, 
 on the north shore of a beautiful lake, six milos east of Fort 
 Qu'Appelle, and there may be seen a grand display of vegetables 
 and flowers in perfection. The greater part of the township is 
 praine, with some ravines and scattering islands of poplar. Soil, 
 clay loam. Classes 1 and 2. - G. U. Ryley. 1881. 
 
 The east falls into the valley and ravines of the Qu'Appelle 
 River ; is very broken and where level is rather stony. The 
 Qu'Appelle River crosses 24, and the valley here, when not too 
 wet, is very fair land. North of the river there is poplar. — W. 
 Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — 1 raversed by the Qu'Appelle River, the valley 
 of which contains most excellent land, and there is a good supply 
 of timber in the township. — W. and D. Beatty, 1881. 
 
 l»il. Outlines. — North— gently undulating prairie ; high and dry. 
 There are numerous wooded ravines, leading down to the 
 Qu'Appelle River, in Range S.— W T. Thompson, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Fractional — undulating prairie, with scattered 
 clumps of poplar and willow, and a few small hay marshes. — 
 W. and D. Beatty. 1881. 
 
 1©. OutUnes. -^^orth. and west — very fine farming land. The north, 
 half rises gently to the elevation known as the Pheasant Hills, 
 
T>>femkipx West or Second Uttial Meridian.- Hange IX. 96 
 
 which has a good soil and is more or less thickly wooded, and con- 
 
 I?.T\?T P°?^", ^"^ '^^^^"*«- '^^^ «^" generally is first class, a 
 rich black sandy loam.— O. F. Miles, 1R81 
 
 High dry rdling prairie, with poplar scrub and a few scat- 
 tered marshes. The soil is first class along the east line -W T 
 Thompson, 18t<0. 'vi ime. rr. i. 
 
 Sub-division.— ncAVmg prairie, interspersed with bluffs of 
 poplar and willow, and a number of large grassy swamps. Good 
 S fr r""^ fair building timber, may Be obtained from the 
 bluffs in the north portion. The lai^d is generally of good quality 
 being free from stone, except in the most southerly tier of sections! 
 Soil a black loam ; chiefly second, with some first class.— iJ. C 
 McFhtlhps, 18»1. 
 
 20. Outlines..-Nonh and west- first-class settlement township ; good 
 
 hL ul■^^ '"!, ih^i?^ «o^nt7 known as the Pheasant 
 Hills. Is thickly dotted with second-growth poplar, with, how- 
 
 W Z! %f ^' Vu P'^""- ^^°^* ^^ P«^ «^^t- of the soil is 
 nrst cLiss. The north-west quarter slopes to Pheasant Creek, 
 which crosses this corner.— a F. Miles, 1881. 
 
 The east is all class 2, except Section 1, which rates J. The 
 surface alternates between level and rolling and is covered with 
 patches of poplar and scrub, together with scattered small marshes. 
 — rv. I. Ihompson, 1880. 
 
 nnr^h^r^f^i'*''%~''^^y^'''^ i« Hght and gravelly, except in the 
 northerly tier of sections, and in Section 80. where it is of good 
 quahtv. The township with the exception mentioned, is not 
 suitable for farming. There are numerous bluffs of poplar, willow 
 and othCT brush, but not much timber suitable for building pur^ 
 poses. What timber therj is, is in the south-west comer of the 
 township.— iJ. a McPhillips, 1883. 
 
 ai. 0«mnes.-qood soil, and a fine township for settlement. Pheasant 
 Ureek crosses it diagonally from north-east to south-west. It has 
 a number of small branches. East of the creek is a black sandv 
 loam soil, having some growth of poplar in the south-east. West 
 the creek the soil is a rich clay loam.— C. F. Miles, 1881 
 The east line was run over good, undulating prairie, with 
 some grass marshes in the lower parts. The soil is nearly all 
 class 1, and consists of a clay loam over a clay subsoil. The 
 average height of the land over water level is about lu feet. Sec- 
 tions 25 and 86 are crossed near the line bj Pheasant Creek a 
 clear, fresh water stream, about 2 feet deep and 30 links wide» 
 Which flows with a slow current between banks 80 feet in 
 Height. The soil is excellent for farming purposes, and in most 
 places IS very rich. There is poplar on the Pheasant Hills —W i 
 T. Thompson, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division.— Yery good land. Soil is a black loam, from 1 
 to 2 feet deep: well watered by Pheasant Creek. Little or no^ 
 ttmber of any value, but sufficient for requirements of settlers. 
 Btrong water power in two or three plac0s.--.ff. Wilson, 1881 
 
 
 Im 
 
96 iUifiit.ihip* iVeiU of Second IniM Meridians—Rang* IX. 
 
 »a. 0(»'/t«?».-— North— rolling prairie, with many small ponds and a 
 few small clumps of poplar. The line passes near a bend of a fine 
 large creek, flowing south-east on Section 81, and crosses an old 
 cart trail on 84, and the north end of a small lake on the west half 
 of 36— IT. O^W/me, 1880. . o • • m :. 
 
 The north half of this township is rather inferior in soil, and 
 should be classed third. The source end of Pheasant Creek crosses 
 from north-west to south-east.— C. F. Miles, 1881. 
 
 East -consists of fine, rich, loamy soil, on clay subsoil. The 
 loam is somewhat lighter than the township south, but is all 
 class 1, and high, dry and excellent farming land. On .Section 18 
 the soil is alternating sandy and clay loams, and on Section 86 is 
 a sandy loam. There are scattered marshes, most of them are 
 small — W. T Thompson, 1880. 
 
 Stt6-rfirisso».— Principally rolling prairie. The soil is a noh, 
 clay loam, watered by Pheasant Creek, which runs through the 
 township in a south-easterly direction.— il. A. Wilson, 1881. 
 
 laa. Outlines— The west is thickly wooded with poplar bluflfe. Ponds 
 of considerable size were crossed, all containing water. There are 
 also a great number of marshes. A creek and two cwt trails, one 
 of which leads to Qu'Appelle, cross Section 6. Still Water Creefc 
 also crosses the central portion of the above section.—/. L. Reid, 
 
 1881 ' 
 
 The surface along the east line is rolling, and the quality of 
 the soil is excellent ; all class 1. There are many small meadows, 
 and a few clumps of poplar. The Pelly and Qu'Appelle and the 
 Winnipeg and Battleford trails cross on Sectior. 31. The soil is 
 generally good black clay loam —W. Ogilvie, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division.— ^Wmg prairie. There are numerous swamps 
 and a few lakes. Wood scarce, what there is is only fit for fuel, 
 Good farming land. It is watered by several lakes. Water 
 good.— C. E. LeMoine, 1882. 
 a* 0<4«fi»es.— North -surface covered with large poplar and thick 
 underbrush. Numerous marshes were crossed containing water. 
 A cood sized lake is situated on the eaat hall of Section 36. A 
 creek runs through the east of Section 88, about 60 links wide. 
 The west is prairie, with poplar bluSs. Soil, class 1. A great 
 many large lakes containing water were crossed on tnis line, i tie 
 Saskatchewan trail crosses Section 19.—/. L. Reid, 1882. 
 
 East— the southern half of this line passes over tolling prairie, 
 with an excellent soil and some fine meadows. The remain- 
 der is in the Beaver Hills, which a^e densely wooded with poplar. 
 Along the edge of the woq48 >r3 ,spme ^mftll li^o^.—W. Ogtlvie, 
 
 Sub'division.-ln the BoftV^r Hills. Contains four small 
 lakes, from each of which runs a creek. The soil is ejvery where 
 vary good, being a rich sftjjjiy Iqam. Much of the land is heavily 
 timb«red.r-^/. /• BMrrims> jl^^- 
 35 Oiitlinet.—On. the west l|ae are poplar bluffs and pond holes ; 
 some scrub on Seetioa «1; good ^building timber on Seetion 80. 
 
26. 
 
 SI. 
 
 32. 
 
 Townships West of Second Iniiial Meridian -^Ram^e IX DT 
 
 Soil, ola«8 1. There are seveial muskegs ; some of them are of 
 oonBiderable size —J. L. Jieid, 1882. 
 
 East— heavy poplar woods, poplar slash aud scrub; many 
 ponds ; fair clay soil.— PT. Ogilvie, 1880. 
 
 Suh-division.~k\mwi entirely covered with poplar, of a 
 diamator up to 10 inches, interspersed with a large number of 
 marshes and small lakes, rendering it unfit for agricultural settle- 
 ment. The land is uniformly rated fourth class.—/. Hill 1881. 
 
 Oit/f^nM.— Along the west line there is underbrush aud poplar, 
 scrub and poplar bluffs ; also numerous marshes and ponds. In 
 the south-west quarter of Section 7 is a shallow lake, out of which 
 a shallow creek runs : a a westerly direction. There are two large 
 lakes in Section 81, connected by a small creek.—/. L. Reid, 
 1882. 
 
 The east is prairie, and is covered with burned slash, scrub 
 ^d some unbumt poplar. Soil, a stiff clay ; many ponds.— 
 W. Ogilvie, 1880. ' 
 
 Suh-divhion.—'RoWiia^ prairie, broken by numerous marshes 
 and small lakes. There is plenty of timber for all purposes. The 
 soil is a rich, sandy lodooi.—Reiffemtein and Small, 1881. 
 
 Outlines.— The first mile of the east boundary, going south, is 
 open level prairie with a light stony soil ; there are several wil- 
 low bluffs, in which are a few scattered poplar trees. The next 
 two miles consist chiefly of bluffy country, and are crossed by the 
 White Sand River, which flows south-easterly through a deep 
 ravine, and is at this point a succession of beautiful clear lakes. 
 The fourth and last mile is an open rolling plain, with a useless 
 soil, and rates class 8. The rest of the land rates class 2. South 
 —-undulating prairie, having scattered poplar bluffs with a wil- 
 low scrub. The land rates classes 1 and 2, mostly the former, 
 and is stony in places. The eastern half has many marshes and 
 about the centre of the line there is a good sized alkaline lake.— 
 A. L Russell, 187t}. 
 
 Subdivision. — Undulating prairie, with heavy bluffs of wil- 
 low and poplar in the north and south sections, the poplar being 
 suitable for fencing and fuel. In the central sections the country 
 is more open and is good for farming, although a large portion is 
 broken up by Newbum and Silv?Ty Lakes and numerous ponds 
 and sloughs, the water of which is strougly impregnated with 
 alkali. The soil consists of a rich black loam from 4 to 14 
 inches deep over a clay subsoil. The Sand River flows into the 
 township at the north-west corner of Section 84, and makes its 
 exit on Section 26. 
 
 Outlines. — Sections 86 and 25 are submerged by Mink Lake. The 
 country south of this has poplar and willow bluffs. North of the 
 lake is densely wooded with large green and dry poplar, with 
 fallen timber, and a thick undergrowth of young poplar and 
 willow. The soil is good, and the land rates class I.— A. L. 
 ^.usseU, 1876. 
 
•B 
 
 Ihmnsthtpii W^nt nf Second Initial Meridian. — Range IX. 
 
 T^orth — along Section 86 and part of 86 the lend is gently 
 rolling, timbered with ficatt«»red poplar, to 10 inches diameter 
 and a dense growth of willows, small poplars, underbush, &o 
 Sections 88, 84 and part of 36 are principally lake and marsh; 
 the former is slightly saline, and abounds in fish. Section 82 is 
 oovorod chiefly with poplar woodrs ; trees Irorn 6 to 12 inches 
 diameter. Section 81 is covered with small poplars and willows ; 
 a few ponds and marshes. Soil, black loam, on a sand and clay- 
 subsoil ; in places the top soil is very rich. West — about the 
 centre of the line, there are 8 miles of low alkaline lands, very 
 stony, and scattered with bluffs of thick willows. The remainder 
 gradually rises, and is rolling prairie, with a fev7 small patches of 
 low stony land. Soil, fair, but, in places, light and gravelly.— 
 /. Traynor, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — The township is badly broken by a saline 
 lake, deep sloughs and low lying marshy lands around the 
 banks of "White Sand River, which flows through the township, 
 in a south-easterly direction. Sections 19 and 20 are entirely 
 valueless, owing to a bo^ or quicksand which runs through them. 
 In the sections immediately outh of Saline Lake, the land is 
 covered with thick ■" 'now ana poplar, the latter being good fci 
 fencing and fael. Seccions 86 and 86 are one mass of windfalls 
 and dry poplar. The soi^th of the township is more open with 
 prairie and scrub. Soil, rich black loam, clay subsoil. — H. H. 
 Stephens, 1888. 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OF THS SECOND INITIAL MEEIDUN. 
 
 Range X. 
 
 . Oi«</fn««.~South-undulatinflr prairie. Several marshes and 
 ponds were crossed. Soil, clay loaiu, witli clay nubsoil ; class 2 
 Part of Section 4 is stony —/. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-divhion.—Uoning praiiie. The soil is of fair ayeraire 
 quality Many large hay meadowc. Surveyed also tha bounS- 
 nes; they consist of rolling prairie which rates about second 
 Class ihere is no wood and not much surface water alonjr them 
 —Sinclair and Francis, 1881. ^ 
 
 9. OutUne^.-Oa all the bov -laiies it is rolling prairie; clay loam 
 
 T k'aJe 'issf '"^ ^oxth-mBt towards the tfouris River.- 
 
 S«6-rf»Wa«.— Undulating Pi irie: good soil. The northeast 
 
 a^'^^^aw'u ??8^i ^'"'''"^ ^°''^ pa8turago.-5f/„c/a,:r 
 
 ^* ThJ*^InZ^^' ^^ *^® boundaries clay loam ; very few marshes. 
 The Souris River runs diagonally north-west to south-east across 
 tiie township. Ihe land lor a mile or two on each side of the river 
 18 very stony. The stream is about two chains broad and 8 to 4 
 leet deep ; has a sluggish current, and a ,very muddy bed In 
 spring the whole valley bears indications of flooding.— V. 8. Gore 
 
 Sub-division.—nolhng prairie, traversed diagonally by the 
 fSouris River, from north-west to south-east. There is some pretty 
 good land in the north portion, but the remainder is unfitted for 
 settlement being much broken by ravines in the south. Many 
 wet marshes and ponds occur, but there is no timber whatever 
 i^iA »^*75"y Joani but often sandy and stony ; classified second, 
 third and fourth rate.—/. A. Carbert, 1881. 
 
 4. Outlines.— The north is undulating and rolling prairie. Stony 
 ndges were crossed on Sections 86, 86 and 81 ; also several ponds 
 and hay marshes. Soil, a brownish clay loam, witU ^ky subsoil • 
 classes 1 and 2. Good farming land-/. McLatchie, 1«8 1. 
 
 West aLd east— undulating prairie, with a clay loam soil. 
 Very .ew ponds or marshes in this township.-T. .S. Gore, 1881.- 
 P .str»^f 1881**'" prairie, broken by gravelly knoDs.— 
 
 ^' ^I*^L7^^ """^^ !f '"'*"l'l^ ^^^ undulating prairie, with some 
 m^ meadows ; class 2. The west is rolling ; generally class 2 ; 
 a few beaver meadows. The east is similar to the other outlines! - 
 
 S® J^^rS^'f^^'*^'^^" *^ *^® ^"""^^^ ^aif of Section 24. Class 2. 
 — O. ±1. Wolff, 1881. 
 
 SHb.division.—m prairie. The east and north-west portions 
 are ro Img land. The south-west portion is rough, broken by 
 gravelly and stony knolls and large sloughs. Soil? clay loam, 8 
 
100 
 
 75'j'- ">./»»//.« fVeitt. of Second Initial Meridian. — Rai^^ X 
 
 to 10 inches deep, with clay and gravelly clay subsoil ; classified 
 uniformly second rate. — P. Burnet, 1882. 
 
 Outlines. — On the north and west it is rolliag prairie, plentifully 
 scattered with small marshes and beaver meadows; class 2. 
 The east rates generally class 2 There are some surface boulders 
 and a scattering of small marshes — C. E Wolff, 1881. 
 
 Sub"': 'vision. — Prairie, part l^vel and part undulating, with a 
 considerable area of good meadow land. Water good. Boil, clay 
 loam, with clay subsoil, mixed with limestone gravel; classified 
 first and second rate. — D. €. O'Ktefe, 1881. 
 
 C. 
 
 ^. Outlines. — The north is rolling prairie, interspersed with numerous 
 ponds and marshes Surface boulders on the centre of Section 82. 
 A cart trail crosses the south part of Section 86 ; class 2. The 
 west is rolling prairie, with occasional ponds and some surface 
 boulders ; class 2. The east has scattered ponds of water and a 
 fair soil, rating class 2—C. E Wolff, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, with a few marshes scattered 
 over the surface. The soil is a black, sandy loam.— JS. Brodie, 
 1881. 
 
 *. Outlines. — ^The north is an undulating prairie, consisting of a 
 good soil, suitable for settlement. Small, scattered and shallow 
 marshes are plentiful, but no streams. — O. J. Klotz, 1881 
 
 The west has some br face boulders on Sections 6 and 18. 
 Surface rolling ; soil fair ; class 2 ; a few meadows. The east 
 is rolling prairie, with many ponds of water The soil is fair and 
 the rating class 2.— C. E. Wolff, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division — Level prairie, covered with spear grass. The 
 soil is a sandy loam, with a white clay subsoil ; a few ponds. — 
 J. Stewart, 1881. 
 
 "O. Outlines. — T) o north is rolling prairie, with a clay loam soil ; class 
 2. The east halt is very swampy, having some large sloughs. 
 The west is gently-undulating prairie, rising towards the north 
 and consisting of excellent farming land in the south half, but 
 full of sloughs and swamps in the north Lalf. — /. A. Maddocky 
 1882. 
 
 East — rolling land, with numerous wet marshes ; class 2. 
 Alluvial soil, about 12 inches in depth ; subsoil clay. No wood. 
 — F. W. Armstrong, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Open prairie, with no wood of any descrip- 
 tion. In the north-west part there is a large pond (1,252 acres), 
 and another in the centre (2,793 acres), which, as they dry up 
 daring the season, famish a good quantity of hay. As there are 
 no streams, these and other smaller ponds furnish the only water 
 supply. Soil, very hard and dry, from 4 to 6 inches deep, with a 
 clay subsoil ; second-class. — J. Warren, 1882. 
 
 lO. Outlines — ^The north is principally undulating land, with some 
 surface stone; class 2. Soil, 10 to 12 inches of alluvial soil on a 
 
 east is open, rolling prairie. The depth of alluvial soil varies 
 
11 
 
 12 
 
 IS. 
 
 Tbwnships West of Second Initial Meridian.^BangeX. 101 
 
 from 12 to 16 inches; subsoil, clay. A number of nonds and 
 marshes occur along the last three miles goincr north but in thf 
 south the surface is dry. Sections 12, 18 and°24rate class 1 and 
 the rest class 2. No wood.-- F. W. Arnstrong'uit ^" ^' ^^* 
 Alluvfal Tl «K «\^^i^*lyj^<^"i?& prairie, with numerous sloughs ; 
 
 1,™ '^«*-'^"f«*o»— Level prairie, bm in some places the surface is 
 lumpv. There are many small marshes that afford abimdantTav 
 
 Ted T^r^ r*^''^1 -^«^,^r^« '- tl^e uplands b;omessu J- 
 of the vei murbrj^ v'^'i ^««P J^^''^^. ^^^^^ at some seaaons 
 01 tne year must be a lake, along the marg n of which the erass 
 18 very luxuriant.-^'. L. Brahazon, 1882. ^ 
 
 ^^dluv^S^r^^ west-rolling prairie, with a few sloughs and 
 
 and s^q J:^;;j:SsTS:e Jtistu^^ i?^^^^?' 
 
 5«6-rftuesio».— Generally high and rollintr orairie ■ tnwar^. 
 
 Sllv'tee'r"^^^^ r^-^^^ little rlXauTsomX^^^ 
 niny ihere was sufficient water in the marshes to suddIv th* 
 wants of the settler at the time of the survey (JulJo Verv fin« 
 pastarage was noticed in many places. N^wood ^ Soil Yrich 
 
 flows south-west. The central part of Section 84 is occSpted bv 
 a marshy lake, from 4 to 6 feet deep, water fresh Ld good Z 
 
 &nt anV'"^"" ''^"^ ''''"^^ ^*^^^^S south-west Xr fS 
 larmmg and grazmg purposes.— A C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 afi r J 1®^ o' """i^'it!^' ^'■''^^^ ^^^ ^illy P^ai^e. Sections 1 and 
 aeep, but it is generally gravelly or stony. One or more nonds 
 hX?SeXnT2°^ every section. except^24 and 1. On the south 
 
 hiVh'^^LT"^ ^ a prairie, with occasional ridges from 80 to YO feet 
 high, and frequent swramps. The soil is sauly, and clay loams on 
 ckyand san^y clay subsoils; classes 2 and 3.-7. 7SLt 
 
 and f "*'''*«"«''»-golli^g prairie, very much broken by gulliea 
 and hav swamps. Good water can be obtained almost anywhere 
 
 from/f.\'?-"\*^"r'^^^\.5^™d- Soil. dark, san/y loam! 
 ^Tf^ird ^""^^^ deep ; chiefly second clasa, with some first 
 and third.— DMwat« and Michaud, 1882. 
 
 Uumnes.--On all the boundaries it is fine high rolling prairie all 
 open^and consisting of a good soil. All clasl 1 on th^e noXk^d 
 
 to* 
 
102 Townships We^t of Second Initial Meridian —Range X. 
 
 east. On the Treat, class 2 in the south ; and class 1 in the north. 
 ~F. W. Armstrong, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Undulating prairie, much broken by swamps 
 and marshes. There is a lake in Sections 23, 10 and 11 of good 
 clear water. The nearest wood is some twenty miles away to 
 the northward. Although no streams, except that emerging irom 
 the lake occur in the township, good water can be obtained by 
 digging from 8 to 12 feet from the surface. Soil, a good, sandy 
 and clay loam, averaging 10 to 12 inches deep, with a clay cr 
 clayey loam subsoil ; first and second class — Dumais and Michavd, 
 1882, 
 
 14. Outlines —l^OTih, west and east — high rolling open prairie, with 
 occasional marshes ; class 1. Part of a lake extends northward 
 into Section 6, and in the north of 19 the line crosses a lake 
 which is an expansion of Moose Creek. On the east, Seclion 1 
 is greatly broken by precipitous ravines ; there is also a large 
 marsh in the central portion, about 10 chains wide. Moose Creek 
 flows through the centre of this marsh. Another creek crosses 
 Section 24 ; couree, south-westerly. No wood.— F W. Armstrong, 
 
 1881. 
 
 S«6-rfmston." Good rolling prairie, though stony and very 
 much broken by creeks, small ponds and several hay swamps. 
 Moose Mountain Ceek traverses the township in a south-easterly 
 direction. The water it contains, like that in the nu Jierous ponds 
 and swamps, though whitish in appearance, is very good for 
 drinking purposes. The only wood is in a small bluff of j)oplar 
 and willow in Sections 31 and 82, together with a few small 
 shrubs along Moose Mountain Creek. Soil, a good clay loam, 
 from 8 to 16 inches deep, though stony and gravelly in the hilly 
 places and along the margins of the creeks and marshes ; second 
 and third class. — Dumais and Mtchaud, 1882 
 
 15. Ovtlines— The north is level prairie, with bluffs of poplars and 
 willows ; also numerous ponds and marshes. Soil, a good clay 
 loam ; class 1. A large pond m Section 86 ; water deep and good. 
 The east is rolling prairie, with bluffs of poplar and willow ; pop- 
 lar from 2 to 6 inches in diameter. Soil, a good clay loam ; class 
 1, A creek runs through Section 36, and has high, steep banks. 
 Section 1 is greatly cut up with ponds and hills ; some of the 
 ponds are very large. The first 2 miles of the west boundary, 
 going south, are wooded with poplar and willows. The remain- 
 ing 4 miles consist of rolling prairie, with a good clay loam soil, 
 and a few surface stone. Water, in ponds and marshes, is plenti- 
 ful everywhere. — A. C. Thornton, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Well suited for agricultural purposes. The 
 soil is excellent, and there is plenty of timber lor the require- 
 ments of settlers. — Burchill and Davis, 1882. 
 
 16. Outlines.— North— ToWing and unc^ulating ; fair soil on the east 
 
 U«lf "Ua-rrr rn\]i-nir urt iho Tirpst lialf -With DfTflllnal aRCeilt tO the 
 
 west ; soil on the ridges somewhat gravelly. A few low pJaces 
 and flats, which are strongly alkaline.— PT. Pearce^ 1881. 
 
18 
 
 Tnrniiips West of Second Initial Meridian —Rangg X. 109 
 
 +v I'^^l *°i^ *^?"^ *^® western boundary is a good clay loam, and 
 tlie land rates class I, except Section 6, which is classes^ 2^d 8 
 bBmg somewhat marshy There are small poplars along tl^e line! 
 East— rolling prairie. The soU is a good clay loam • class 1 
 throughout. Several marshes; a large^pond il Son?6 A 
 creek crosses Section 25. and a trail to Qu'Appelle. A larse hav 
 marsh and a creek in Section 22. and another large marsh in Sec- 
 tion 1. ^o wood.— .1. a Thomson, USl. ^ 
 
 Sub-division— AUerna^tely farming and wood land, cut up bv 
 numerous precipitous gullies. There is a good deal of wood, bS 
 at present it is only useful for fuel and f«ncing.-^S. L. Brabazol 
 
 17. 0«^;r««.-The north is prairie; soil, clay mixed with gravel ; class 
 
 L T" ''i*''^' °^ P^^P^^^ ^^^'^^ *^« ce^t'-e. on Section 34. On 
 the east and west, the southern parts are hilly, with poolar itt 
 scattered bluffs, and rate class 2. The northerl' parts are^ levd 
 
 Sub-diviston.—Fix^t class soil ; well adapted in every respect 
 for farming.—^. O. D^uison, 1881. ^ ^^y^J. 
 
 NoTB.-The O.P.R. crosses -hifl township and has Woleeley Statioo. 
 
 Outlines —On all the boundaries it is open rolling prairie, with 
 an exceLent soil, and cla.s 1. The valley of the ri?er Qu'Ip^lk 
 and adjacent coulees cover the northern portion. A coffies 
 liave poplars growing in them.— G?. U. Ryley, 1881 
 Kv +l,^''n'^f"r*'''' n~S^^ northern p^rt of this township is crossed 
 W ^l^'^l^^\^'^'^ ^^^ '^«* °f *^« la»d is rathe, rolling 
 SLTyn^r^"^^ ^' "^'^ ^ ^"' throughout.- PT. andD, 
 
 **'*wnnf^!~7'^''*'7*^ township. Is opeu, rolling prairie; no 
 wood or surface water, .s'oil, class l.-G. U. Ryley mi 
 
 Sub-divinon.--Komnf^ prairie, with a good many small ponds 
 and scattered bluffs of poplar and willo#. The soil is sS 
 rate.— W. and D. Beatty, 1881. 
 
 ?^^tl^^^l^ ^^^^^ JV°^!ing prairie, thickly dotted with poplar 
 ^nd willow bluffs and haying several large marshes. Soil, sF.ndy 
 loam; class i. A large lake is situated in Section 83. Westand 
 
 TrJ^'K^""^ ^^"""Vi.^ ^f^^- '^^^ north-east half lies in the 
 elevation known as the Pheasant Hills. The elevated country 
 here is covered with second growth-poplar and some old poplar, 
 li f f 't^' in diameter There are numbers of pon^ and 
 Sf 1881 '' ^ first-class, rich, black, sandy loam.-C F, 
 
 Sub-division.~M.xxch popur and willow in the north half; 
 
 tu::Cim. " ^""" '^^^' '^^* ^^^ ^--^ ^1— ^- ^- 
 
 ^^-. o-«r«*ic5.— u-ood soli, and excellent for settlement. The south-east 
 Halt 18 high country and well woodei and watered. The soil is 
 a rich, black, sandy loam. On the west of this part runs Pheasant 
 
 19 
 
 7^ 
 
 M 
 
104 Tbwnships West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range X. 
 
 Creek, and west oi this the soil is a rich, clay loam, and the sur- 
 face nndulating and nnwooded. — C F Miles, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — The southern portion is covered with poplar 
 bluiFs, but the remainder is open prairie, slightly undulating. 
 Pheasant Creek traverses the township from north-east to south- 
 west, and the ravines which lead to it are deep and very numerous. 
 - The northern portion is also a good deal broken by marshes. 
 Soil, sandy marl; chiefly first class, with some second and 
 third.— F. E. Brunette, 1882. 
 
 21. Outlines. — Fine fanning land ; undulating prairie ; rich clay loam 
 soil ; excellent township for settlement. The northern portion is 
 an Indian reservation. — C. F. Miles, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Well drained, rich soil ; abundance of water 
 and hay. Pheasant River and its branch flow through the town- 
 ship. There is a lake in Section 19, Good building stone. The 
 north-west corner is covered with poplar. Sections 31, 82, 38, 34 
 and 35 are included in an Indian Reserve. — H. Wilson, 1881. 
 
 22. Outlines. — ^The north-west corner is of inferior soil. Surface water 
 more or less alkaline. — C. F. Miles, 18f 1. 
 
 Note.— -' 11 iu Indian ReaerveB, pxcept the easterly tier of sections. 
 
 Sub-division. — Nearly half the township is rolling prairie. 
 The soil is admirably adapted for agriculture. There are numerous 
 small ponds connected by streams All but the most easterly tier 
 of sections is included in Indian Reserves. — R. A. Wilson, 1^81. 
 
 24. Outlines. — The north is covered with scattered poplar and willow, 
 and also poplar blufis. Soil, fair, but numerous large ponds and 
 marshes. A creek, flowing north-east, crosses Section 32. The 
 west is prairie, covered with poplar bluffs ; large lakes and 
 swamps are numerous. The soil is class 1 Goose Lake occupies 
 much of Sections 30 and 31. Stony Lake is situated in Section 
 19, it is many acres in extent. — J. L. Reid, 1881. 
 
 The east is prairie, with poplar bluffs. Soil, class 1. A great 
 number of large lakes were crossed on this line. The Saskatche- 
 wan trail crosses the north-east of the township. — J. L. Reid, 1882. 
 
 25. Outlines. — The west is prairie, covered with scrub and poplar 
 bluffs. A large lake occupies the central portion of Section 6. A 
 creek crosses Section 7. The Saskatchewan trail crosses Section 
 18. Wood and wator plentiful. East— poplar bluffs, and pond 
 holes, and some scrub on Section 36. Gcod building timber on 
 26. There are several marshes, some of them many acres in 
 extent .—/. L Reid, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.— l^oWm^ prairie and in some places hilly, with 
 shallow lakes, ponds and marshes, the water of which is good 
 enough lor domestic use. The soil is a black, sandy loam, averag- 
 ing 7 inches in depth and well adapted for grain and root crops. 
 The township is also suitable for stock farming, as vegetation_ is 
 very luxuriant, and large crops of hay could be harvested. The 
 timber consists of bluffs of willow and poplar, 1 to 18 inches in 
 diameter, good for building, rails and firewood. — S. Brodie, 1882» 
 
ToumtMps West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range X. ' 10^ 
 
 26. Outlines --West and east, is covered with poplar blufis under- 
 
 south-west quarter of Section 31 is submerged by a lake • them 
 h^lt^lZt^ttC^ *'rrf ^-^ ^ they aScontL: good'water! 
 we«t t1 i 1 J """^ ^*^? ^'■*'"' ^^^-^^ * ^^allow creek flows 
 
 S^ct on arf&^f "' ^'^ situated in the north-east quarterTf 
 iS;;J, 1882 ^'^ connected by a small creel -/. L. 
 
 Su^-rfmsi-on^-Rolling prairie, broken by several marshes 
 ^rnh TK^'^'^wf ^ Of timber, but much more small wil W and 
 scrub. The soil throughout is excellent. -i2«Jem/em and S^l 
 
 SI. ^«««f;- North and south— the land is gently rollinff and covered 
 with thick willows, small poplar, hazefbrush and^ crub some 
 smaU patches of prairie. The soil is light, stony and ffiWeX 
 We quantities of granite, gneissoid sandstone^nd iSxestone 
 boulders were met with, rendering the land in many places unfit 
 for cultivation.—/. Trat/nor, 1882 ^ ^ 
 
 St^-dtvtsion.--i:hi8 township consists of undulatinn- nrairie 
 with heavy bluflFs of willow in the northern. southernLnd 
 central sections, and poplar and brul6 in the eastern and western 
 sections, fit ior fencing and fuel. There are a laro-e nurber of 
 sections broken by Echo Lake, and numerous de.p^aXs and 
 ^ K^K?' f^^'^\^^^^ fo^ad good water. The soi is good of a 
 
 32. 0«f/zW5.-North-the country is composed of rolling land, 
 ™!i '.i.P'''''*^ ^"^ ^""^^^ ^^es, embracing about half of the 
 surface, the remainder being timbered with a thick growth of 
 poplar, up o 2 inches m diameter, willows, hazel, &c. The soil 
 is of fair quality. In the west the land is rolling and mostlv 
 
 Snirif '^'f ^''^'"^' ^-^^iPopi-. brush, scr^ub, deaTaS 
 fallen trees ; a few swamps and marshes. The soil is of fair 
 quality but m many places so strewn with boulders as to con- 
 siderably impair its value for agricultural purposes. It would 
 make good grazing land. East-in the central portion thXnd 
 IS low and alkaline, very stony, interspersed with bluffs of thick 
 willows The remamder is rolling prairie, with scrub and a few 
 ^MZf:%Zf„^Xr ^^^^- ^-^ -iUnplacesgravelly an^ 
 
 Sub-division.-ln this township the land is rolling and covered 
 with thick willow, small poplar, brush and scrub ; small patches 
 of prairie, with marshes, numerous deep sloughs and Pelican 
 lake, through which flows White Sand Eiver ; in the latter abound 
 large quantities of fish, chiefly pike. The soil is generally of a 
 fair quality but m many places so strewn with large quantities 
 
 ^^,?Puf^°i^_^^"^*°^^ ^^?"^*«„ *"*1 limestone boulders as to con- 
 =i-^ciauij ^yrviziamtis value Id agricuiiural purposes. It would 
 make good grazing land.— If, H. Stephens, 1883. 
 
 ' 1 i* 
 
TOWiSSHIPS WEST OF THE SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range XI. , 
 
 1. OM^Ztnes.— South— undulating and rolling pmrio. Soil, sandy and 
 clay loams, with clay subsoil ; class 1. Part of Section 1 is stony 
 and gravelly; class 2. A branch of the Souris River crosses Sec- 
 tion 1 and flows south-east ; it is about 8 inches deep and 74 links 
 wide ; water good. A small creek crosses Section 8, and together 
 with a large coul6e greatly cut up part of this section. Good 
 farming land. — J. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 The north is rolling prairie, with a hard, lumpy clay soil ; 
 class 3. Water scarce ; no wood. Long Creek runs across the 
 south-west quarter. On the south side of the creek it is dry, 
 rolling prairie, with rather a light soil. On the north side the 
 aoil is 8 hard clay, in many places rolled into circular knolls of 
 hard cracked clay, of 6 or 6 feet in diameter, and 1 foot high. 
 The soil is light and gravelly on the four southern sections of the 
 west line, and hard lumpy clay on the two remaining ones. The 
 land rates class 2 on the former interval, and class 8 on the latter. 
 — T S. G(m, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Prairie, with no timber whatever. Crossed by 
 " Long Creek " or the south branch of the Souris River, 60 feet to 
 120 feet wide, and from 2 feet to 6 feet deep. All north of this 
 stream, of which the water is muddy, is undulating. Soil, hard 
 clay or sandy loam, with clay or sand subsoil ; first class. — L. P. 
 Gauvreau, 1882. 
 
 56 Outlines.— AW the outlines are rolling prairie, with a'haid loamy 
 clay soil ; class 3. Section 6 is low and marshy in the south. 
 Water is scarce, and there is no wood. — T. S. Gore, 1881. 
 
 Sub-diviHion.—XJndnMing prairie. Water in ponds and 
 marshes good. Soil, clay or loam, from 4 inches to 6 inches deep, 
 having a hard surface, caked in many places, with clay subsoil ; 
 first class — L. P. Gauvreau, 1882. 
 
 S. OM//^■«es.— Rolling prairie ; clay loam; occasional ponds; stony 
 towards the north-east corner. On the west— stony in places; 
 sandy loam soil ; class 2. Several marshes occur on the central 
 sections. On the south, a hard, lumpy clay soil ; class 3. Water 
 very scarce. No wood in the township. — T. S. Gore, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.~'R..\\mg prairie, with very hard surface and in 
 places stony. Souris River passes through Sections 35 and d6, 
 flowing south-east ; water good. Other sections are also well 
 watered. Soil, hard clay or loam, from 4 incjhes to 6 inches deep, 
 with clay or sand subsoil ; first class. — L. P. Gauvreau, 1882. 
 
 4. Ow^/me.?.— North— rolling prairie; a few stony ridges were crossed. 
 
 'M'ni.oVi.ko nnA Xta-rr maaAnnra a-ra nnmomna Sm>] 1 R fl. HtO Wlllsh claV 
 
 loam, with clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. Good farming land. — ■ 
 J. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
5 
 
 6 
 
 ■7. 
 
 8. 
 
 lownshipi Wett of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XL 107 
 
 ^ est and east— rolling prairie ; fair clay loam land. Souris 
 Elver runs diagonally across the township, and lor a mile or two 
 on each side the land is very stony. The river is about 100 feet 
 broad and 8 feet deep, with a sluggish current and muddy bed. — 
 T. S Gore, IS-^l. 
 
 Sub-division. — The Souiis River traverses this township in a 
 south-westerly direction It runs through a valley from 80 to 100 
 feet below the level of the surrounding prairie, and about half a 
 mile in width. In the vicinity of the river the surface is covered 
 with boulders, which gradually disappear on receding from it 
 None of the land in this township seems adapted to agriculture ; 
 class 1.— C.P. ily/e«, 1883. 
 
 Outlines. — North — undulating prairie, with stony and gravelly 
 ridges. Meadows and marshes are numerous, most of them con- 
 tained water. Some surface boulders in Section 32 ; class 2. 
 West— rolling and undulating in the four southern miles, and 
 rough and hilly or high rolling in the two northern miles. 
 Beaver and sm&il meadows ; class 2 all round. East— rolling 
 prairie; generally class 2. A few beaver meadows.— C. E. Wolff, 
 1881. ^* 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, broken by stony and gravelly- 
 ridges. Soil, a clay loam, 10 inches deep, with clay subsoil; 
 chiefly second class, with some third.— P. Burnet, 1882. 
 
 0«^/i«es.— North— undulating and rolling prairie. Meadows wore 
 crossed in every section, some of them being very large. Ponds 
 are plentiful. Class 2. "West and east— undulating prairie: 
 some marshes and beaver meadows. Class 2.— C. E. Wolff, 1881. 
 S«6-</tt;mo».— Undulating prairie. The south-west comer is 
 hilly and somewhai stony. No timber. The ponds are smaller 
 and less numerous than in the adjacent townships, with generally 
 good water. Soil, from 6 to 15 inches deep, with clay or sandy- 
 loam subsoil ; second class.— B. D. Henderson, 1882. 
 
 Outlines. — North, west and east — rolling prairie ; nnmerous ponds 
 and beaver meadows ; classes 1 and 2 in the west, and 2 in the 
 north and east. The centre of Section 82 and part of Section 31 
 are thickly covered with surface boulders, as are also Sections 1, 
 25 and 13. A cart trail crosses the township Irom the south, 
 half of Section 25 to 19.— (7. E. Wolff, 1881. 
 
 Subdivision. — Undulating prairie, with numerous ponds, 
 producing in the fall a large quantity of hay. No timber. The 
 only water available without digging is in the ponds, the contents 
 of some of which are good and of others bad. There are a few 
 surface stones. Soil, average depth about 9 inches, with a clay or 
 sandy loam subsoil ; second class —E. D. Hendersjn, 1882. 
 
 Outlines. — The north is level. Soil, fair, but dry. Some small 
 early marshes ; no wood. O. J. Klotz, 188 1. 
 
 We^t— rolling prairie, numerous ponds and beaver meadows. 
 A cart trail crosses Section 19. Land rate?, classes 1 anHI 2- 
 East— some surface boulders on Sections 1 and 13 ; surface roll- 
 ing ; soil fair ; class 2 ; a few meadows.- C E. Wolff 188 1. 
 
«. 
 
 ao. 
 
 106 lawruhip* West of Second Initial Meridian.— Ran^ XI. 
 
 S«6-rfi»Mtofi.— Rolling prairie, with numerous ponds and 
 xnaTRheH ; some of the former are very large, and they generally 
 vary in depth from 2 to 6 feet. Water mostly good. No timber 
 whatever. A few surface stones. Soil, about 9 inches deep, 
 with a sandy loam subsoil ; second class.— JB. D. Henderson, 1882. 
 
 Outlines. — The north is gently-rolling land, having a good clay 
 loam soil class 1 on all, except gections 86 and «6 which are 
 rather wet and rate class 2. On the west, this township has a 
 grey clay soil which grows verv short grass. The surface is 
 rolling, and the water, with a few. exceptions, is fresh.— F. W. 
 Armftrong, 1883. 
 
 East— gently-undulating prairie, rising towards the north 
 and consisting ol excellent farming land in the south half; but 
 full of sloughs and swamps in the north half.—/. A. Haddock, 
 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — All level open prairie, unbroken by any hills. 
 Some ponds occur, part of a large one occupying a portion of 
 Section 86. There are also some hay meadows. Soil, hard on 
 the surface, from 8 to 6 inches deep, with a clay subsoil ; second 
 class. — J. Warren, 1882. 
 
 Ontlines. — The north and east are rolling prairie, with numerous 
 sloughs. Alluvial soil is of an average depth of 8 inches, on a 
 clay subsoil ; all class 1 in the north, and 2 in the east. — /. A. 
 Maddock, 1882. 
 
 West— rolling prairie; grey clay soil, white clay subsoil 
 grass stunted and short; surface water good; no timber, — F. 
 W. Armstrong, 1883. 
 
 Svb-flivixion. — The only drawback to this township, as far as 
 the settler is concerned, is the lack of wood for fuel. The land is 
 level or undulating prairie ; soil, a brown loamy clay ; of first- 
 class quality Numerous small marshes will afford a good supply 
 of hay. Water can be obtained throughout the township, and is 
 all fresh and of good quality. A tongue of land extends from 
 Township 10, Range 10, through the large marsh in the eastern 
 portion of the township, as far as Section 2, the soil of which is 
 of the very richest quality. Xo timber of any kind.— S. L. Bra- 
 bazon, 1882. 
 
 Outlines — North and west — rolling prairie, with a few sloughs. 
 Soil, a clay loam, 10 inches, on clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. On 
 the north and on the west, good, and nearly all class 1 being a 
 black loam, on a clay subsoil.— J. A. Maddock, 1882. 
 
 Rolling prairie, with a dark, friable, loamy soil on a blue clay 
 subsoil. Surface water fresh, where found.— j^. W. Armstrong, 
 188«>. 
 
 Svb-division. — Is level or undulating prairie. Soil, ranging 
 from first to second class In quality, averaging in depth from 3 to 
 5 inches, with a clay loam subsoil. Some swamps were found, 
 
 3UL 
 
 -vviiSrs lis 
 
 
 >Ta3 guuu aiiu ciear, out creeKs at lime oi survey 
 were all dry. There is no wood of any kind in the township. — 
 JDumais ana Michaud, 1882. 
 
Towntkips West of Second Initial Meridian. —Range XI lOfr 
 
 12. 0«/Wwes.--NoTth-- rolling prairie ; occasional swamps with water. 
 Soil, enndy and clay loams ; classes 1 and 2. Much of Section 86 
 18 covered by a large swamp. Fair grazing land. Section 81 is 
 good for farming purposes.— A C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 The west is loUing prairie, with a dark friable loamy soil oa 
 a blue clay subsoil. Water fresh; no wood— F. W.Armstrong, 
 1888. 
 
 Rolling prairie, with occasional ridges, from 80 to 70 feet 
 high, and frequent sloughs. The soil is sandy and clay loams oa 
 on clay and sandy clay subsoils ; classes 2 and 8.-/. A. Maddock, 
 
 J.oo«. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township, as a whole, is well situated for 
 farming purposes, and is good wheat land. Good water can be 
 had throughout the township, at the depth of a few feet. Soil is 
 a dark sandy loam, with a clay subsoil. No wood of any descrip- 
 tion. The surface is somewhat broken by hay swamps and 
 gullies.— Dwmats and Michaud, 1882. 
 
 18. 0«</tnes.— North and west— rolling prairie. Soil, clay loam^ 
 class 1. Many small ponds and marshes There is a large marsh 
 on Section 86. Excellent farming land.— il. C. Thomson, 18M. 
 
 East— high-rolling prairie, with a good scattering of small 
 marshes ; the soil is very fair, and the rating is class 2 in the 
 south and class 1 in the north.— F. W. Armstrong, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.—Is much broken by small swamps and hills, 
 averaging from 2S to 80 feet in height, the tops of which are stony 
 and sandy. Water can be obtained almost anywhere, at about 8 
 to 12 feet from the surface. The soil generally is well adapted 
 for agricultural purposes. No timber of any kind.— Dwtnaw and 
 Michaud, 1882. 
 
 14. Outlines.-'^oTth and west— rolling prairie. Soil, clay loam ; class 
 I. Ihe west half of Section 31 is greatly cut up by ravines and 
 a large marsh. J here is another large marsh in Section 34, with 
 a creek running through the centre of it, and hilla on ihe west 
 side ; excellent farming land. On the west— Section 80 is 
 greatly cut up by hills and ravines. Moose Creek crosses the 
 township from here, flowing east ; it is 8 feet wide and 2 feet deep, 
 slow current, good water ; marshy banks. In the central portion 
 of the section there is a valley, the hills on each side are gravelly ; 
 the surface is stony. In the southerly quarter is a large marsh. 
 The southerly sections are good farming land. Section 36 is light, 
 gravelly and sandy ; class 2 —A. C. Ihomson, 1881. 
 
 The east is high rolling and open prairie, with occasional 
 marshes. The soil is a clay Joam, with some surface stones, and 
 the land rates class 1 on the four southern sections, and class 2 on 
 the two northern ones. A lake occurs on Section 13, and an 
 expansion of Moose Creek on 19.— F. W. Armstrong, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.—Rolling prairie, with many grassy swamps, 
 vaiUa^,-ie ior grazing purposes No wood whatever. Moose 
 Mountain Creek, from 2 chains to 19 chains wide, crosses the 
 north part of the township from west to east, between gravelly 
 
 h-' 
 
 B •"'J 
 
 fsm 
 
'WO Tovfnshipt West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XI. 
 
 banks, from 60 f.^et to 100 feet hiffb ; there is no perceptible cur- 
 rent, but the water is clear ana freah, and the bottom sandy. 
 Soil, black loam, 7 inches to 8 inches deep, with clay •ubsoii- 
 first class —F. Vincent, 1882. 
 
 IT Outlines— The north is open prairie, having a clay loam soil, 
 mixed with gravel, and class 2 throughout. There is a range' 
 of small hills occupying the southern portion of this township, 
 partly covered with islands of small poplar. The soil is a clav 
 loam.— Gf. U. Ryley, 1881. ' 
 
 South— rolling land; a great deal; of poplar and willow, 
 much fire killed in the east ; rating class 1. In the west there 
 ^ are more ponds and marshes, and, except Section «, which is class 
 1, the rest is class 2 — Wm. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— KoWing prairie, with some small hills in the 
 southern part Some small islands of poplar, fit only for fuel. 
 There is a stream of fresh water, about a mile and a-half from the 
 base line, running towards the east ; also a lake of good water in 
 the north-east. Soil, generally first class— C C. Du Berger, 1882. 
 
 NoTi — The 0. P. R croasea the north-eA8t, aod has Hiutalaka Staiion. 
 
 18. Outlines.— The north-easterly corner of this township is broken by 
 the Qu'Appelle Valley, into which numerous coulees coaveri^e 
 These coulees are covered on their south banks with small poplar 
 and cherry. Pheasant Creek flows into the valley from the north. 
 There is here a great quantity of game. The township is gene- 
 rallr rolling, open prairie, with a clay loam soil, which is class 1 
 in the north and 2 in the south.— G. U. Rvley, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — The southern portion is a beautiful open prairie ; 
 the remainder is much broken by deep ravines, which slope 
 towards the Qu'Appelle Valley. Soil, a sandy marl, whicbi appears 
 very suitable for agriculture ; generally first class.— F. E. Brunelle, 
 1882. 
 
 1^9 A. Sub-division.-The greater part is situated in the valley of the 
 Qu'Appelle River. The soil in the valley consists of a clayey 
 marl. These slopes are sandy. On Sections 1 and 4 are import- 
 ant improvements made by half-breeds.— F. E. Brum lie, 1882. 
 
 r.» 
 
 Outlines. — West and east— fine soil ; first class, a rich black, 
 sandy loam. The township is well watered by the Qu'Appelle 
 River and Pheasant Creek. West of the creek the soil is generally 
 a rich clay loam. The surface, where unbroken by the raviiies to 
 the stream valleys, is undulating prairie.— O. F. Miles, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. - The soil is very well adapted for agricultural 
 purposes. Nearly all the even-numbered sections were, at time of 
 turvey, occupied by settlers, who had erected small houses or 
 buildings, and made many other improvements. The Qu'Appelle 
 River flows through the south-west quarter of the township. 
 Timber for fuel and '' ' ' ' ' 
 
 fencing may be obtained in the valleys of the 
 
 the township.—/. Bourgeois, 1882. 
 
tible CUT' 
 tm Bandy. 
 f •absoil; 
 
 loam soil, 
 
 i a range 
 
 township, 
 
 is a clay 
 
 I willow, 
 rest there 
 Qh is class 
 
 Is in the 
 for fuel. 
 ■ from the 
 I water in 
 ger, 1882. 
 
 )roken by 
 3oaverife 
 ill poplar 
 the north. 
 I is gene- 
 is class 1 
 
 a prairie ; 
 ich slope 
 tx appears 
 Brunelle, 
 
 ley of the 
 ' a clayey 
 re import- 
 
 ,1882. 
 
 ch black, 
 u'Appelle 
 generiilly 
 raviiies to 
 L881. 
 
 ricultural 
 at time of 
 houses or 
 u'Appelle 
 ;ownship, 
 eys of the 
 >ortiou of 
 
 90 
 
 Ihwnnhipn Wett of Secc^J Initial Meridiam.—RaHfe H. HI 
 
 pi«.'/t*iM.--Surveyed all the boundaries. First-class soil, beinir a 
 rich clay loam, and well adapted for settlement Pheasant Creek 
 crosses the south-east quarter. No wood, but plenty in the town- 
 ship adjoining, eastwards.— (7. F. MiLs, 1881. 
 
 8fib-division.—Soil is of very best quality. Nearly all the 
 even-numbered sections are occupied by settlers, who have made 
 extensive improvements. Pheasant Creek traverses the south-east 
 portion of the township, entering in Section 4 and leaving from 
 Section 13. The land is undulating or level prairie, and soil a 
 good clay loam. The only timber in the township consists of a 
 lew Dlutts ot small poplar and willow in the western tier of sec- 
 tions. There are numerous ravines running towards Pheasant 
 l^reeU, and a chain of small marshes traverses the northern part of 
 the township.— J. Bourgeois, 1888. 
 
 21. Out/ines.-Smyeyed all the boundaries. Fine clay Lam soil and 
 good agricultural township No wood— C. F. Miles, 1881 
 
 Sub-diviHon.—Thovi^Yi considerably broken by hay marshes 
 and swamps, 18 good farming land Soil, generally of clay loam, 
 from 6 to 20 inches m depth. Most of the swamps and creeks, 
 met with at the time of survey, were dry. Timber, fit for fuel or 
 fencing, may be found in the small bluffs of poplar and willow 
 met with m the centre and western portions of the township 
 Sections 86, 36 and 84, and the greater part of 88. are Indian Re- 
 serves.— Duwais and Michaud, 1882. 
 
 «2. 0«J/tn€s.— North— thinly wooded with small poplars and willows, 
 feoil, m many places, light and gravelly.— TT. Ogilvie, 1880 
 
 Undnlating prairie, clay loam soil. Surface water more or 
 less alkaline.— a F. Miles, 18 >1. 
 
 NoTB.-All in Indian ReserreB, except the two westerly tiers if Sections. 
 
 &uh-division.~T\iQ east two-thirds of this township is Indian 
 Reserve. The western portion surveyed is much broken by 
 marshes, ponds and small lakes Soil is a good clay loam, with aa 
 average depth of from 8 to 12 inches. Plenty of small poplar and 
 willow, from 2 to 5 inches in diameter, may be found throughout 
 the township. It is a first-class location for stock-raising, but too 
 much brpken for grain-growing. Good water in any part by 
 digging a few feet.— Dwrnois and Michaud, 1882. 
 
 28. Sub-division.— Ihis township is generally rolling prairie, with 
 some marshes, lakes and ponds, the water in which is generally 
 good enough for domestic purposes. The soil is a black loam, 
 about 6 inches deep, and is suitable for grain and root crops. The 
 township is also well adapted for stock-raising, there being good 
 pasture and plenty of water. The timber consists of a small 
 quantity of poplar, about 3 or 4 inches in diameter, good for 
 fencing or fud. Surveyed also the western boundary.— S. Brodie, 
 l8o2. 
 
 N«Ti.— The eastern half is reserred for Indian purposes. 
 
 24. OM^mes.— North and east consists of prairie covered with popltir 
 blufis ; ponds, lakes and swamps are numerous. The soil is class 
 
 *€m 
 

 112 VwfHihipi Wett qf Second Initial Meridianr— Range XI 
 
 1. Goose Lake occupiet^ the whole of the north-east half of Section 
 25, and one-third of the south-east of Suction 86. Stony Lake is 
 situated in Section 24, and is many acres in extent. — J. L. Reid, 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-diviiion. ^ThiB tovrnnhip is generally rolling prairie, 
 sometimes hilly, broken by many lake^ (some of which are from 
 20 to 30 feet deep), ponds and marshes The water is generally 
 good enough for domestic use. ''^ho soil is chiefly a black, sandy 
 loam, averaging 17 inches in depth, and is suitable for grain or 
 root cropH, but, on the whole, the township is better adapted for 
 stock-raising than for agriculture, the vegetation being so luxu- 
 riant that large crops of hay might be harvested. The timber 
 consists of bluflfs of poplar, averaging 6 inches, and running to 14 
 inches in diameter, suitable for building, fencing and firewood.— 
 S. Brodie, 1882. 
 
 ■JW5. Outlines— The east is prairie, with scrub and poplar bluifs. Two 
 marshes were crossed in Section 13 id one in Section 86. A 
 large lake occupies the central portion of Section 1 A creek 
 crosses Section 12 and the Saskatchewan trail 13, Wood and 
 water plentiful.—/. L. Reid, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, well adapted for agriculture. 
 It contains two creeks, running diagonally from ncrth-west to 
 south-east ; also several small lakes, situate respectively on Sec- 
 tions 7, 8, 16, 20 and 80. The water in all is fiash and of good 
 quality. There is some timber, mostly poplar, of good size, avail- 
 able for building, fencing and fuel. The trail from Ellice to 
 Touchwood crosses diagonally from south-west to north-east. 
 Soil, a heavy clay loam ; uniformly first class. Surveyed also 
 the north boundary. — /. /. Burrows, 1882. 
 
 26. Outlines. — The east is covered with poplar bluffs, and numerous 
 marshes were crossed. Soil, class 1. The south-east quarter of 
 Section 36 is submerged by a lake ; there are also two other lakes 
 in this section ; they all contain good water — /. L. Reid, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Mostly in the Beaver Hills, and consequently 
 of a rolling nature, containing many lakes, most of which are of 
 fair size and situate on Sections 1, 9, 12, 14, 16, 17, 20, 22, 26, 27, 
 28, 23, 80, 81 and 85. The timber consists chiefly of poplar, fit 
 for building, fencvjnr, c fuel, and occurs on Sections 1, 9, 12, 18, 
 14, 15, 17, 25, 26, ii', 35 and 86 ; also, in small quantities, upon 
 many of the oth" 'ifK-aoix: Soil, & bood clay loam ; first class.— 
 /. J. Burrows, lb<i2. 
 
 •81. Outlines. — The south is undulating prairie, covered with poplar 
 blnfis, and in places burnt and fallen trees. The rating of the 
 land is class 1.— il. L. Russell, 1880. 
 
 Half of the north line is rolling, and mostly covered with 
 thick willows, poplar, scrub and fallen trees, a few swamps and 
 marshes. On the remainder are thick willows, poplar to 12 
 inches diameter, small poplar, scrub and bush, and a number of 
 ^ass marshes. Soil good. — I. Traj/nor, 1882. 
 
39. 
 
 Towmhip, WuBt of Second ImtinI r^fnridfan.^IUngeJl. 11« 
 
 8ub-divuion.- -Fractfonal.— In thin townihin the land in mil 
 ing and covered with thick willow and Donlar Al of™ ?i 
 centre of the townBhin is a deZ gJowtH smatl p^^ 
 heavy scrub, with brule, The «oil ifgood The>^ is aCarcitv o^ 
 water. Altogether this township is of little vaTue with the ^ex- 
 
 0«f/m^5_North-the country for the eastern four miles is chieflv 
 
 popl^'ai? hjiT n? ^?iP -'°'^^*^«' "'^^^ '^'-^ ^ilow . 3 
 poplar and hazel tor the remaining two miles the ' dT 
 
 higher, being rolling prairie and scmb^ with bluffs of L^ 
 
 w tlfT^"^' •*'• .^f'. ^^^^^ ^•^^^ ' snbsoil clay. OnThe 
 r*ll r** '- .'^^id^l^tinsr. timbered with iK>plar, willowr&c • 
 patehes of prairie grass marshes and ponds in terpen «! ^il 
 ^' u ^^^-''olljnff. mostly covered with chick wiUowP smTll 
 
 Zih^s^'SoirfX^' ''l> '''^ '^''^ *^^-' and a fo^ swamps'^d 
 marshes. Soil fair quality, but in many places boulder s rewil: 
 
 lonld mT" '*!i ''^''' ^^[ «8"«^^turaf purposes. However^t 
 would make good grazing land.-/. TVayn^, 1882. 
 
 willnw !?'"''*{ -Chiefly undulating prairie, with lart- bluJfii of 
 
 s^LdTsS?' frLuotTa H"^r^24The'soilTl?\.'' 
 
 Douiaeis occur. There are numorous marshes and oonds wifh 
 fair^ good water in them. Sections 34 and So' arTmS^h brZa 
 
 :?^a 
 
A^i 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF THE SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 E4NGE XII. 
 
 1. Outlines. — North — soil, hard, lumpy clay in the . east, and sandy 
 loam in the west. Sections 81 and 82 rate class 2, and the rest 
 class 3. No wood. In the east the soil is light and gravelly 
 on the four southern sections, and hard, lumpy clay on the two 
 remaining ones. The land rates class 2 on the former interval 
 and class 3 on the latter. The line is crossed by two creeks, flow- 
 ing east, one in the south of Section 24 and the other about mid- 
 way on 12. The latter has n very sluggish current ; the former is 
 Long Creek, and crosses the north-east half ot this township. 
 South ot this creek the soil is rather light ; but on the north it is 
 a hard clay often found in circular, hard-cracked knolls of 6 or 6 
 feet in diameter, and 1 foot high, impossible to penetrate with a 
 spade.— T. S. Gore, 1881. 
 
 West — rolling and hilly prairie ; a few large marshes and 
 ponds were crossed. Soil, clay loam, with clay subsoil ; stony in 
 places ; the cactus plant is plentiful ; class 2. Section 18 is broken 
 up by hills and coulees All the sections, with this exception, 
 are good farming land. The south is undulating and rolling 
 prairie, with a few marshes scattered about. Soil, clay loam, with 
 a clay subsoil ; class 2. Some of the sections are stony. A small 
 creek crosses the line twice in the central portion of 2. A large 
 pond, with high hills and an old cart trail, on 3. A creek bed 
 crosses the line four times in 4 and twice in 5. The land is good 
 for agricultural purposes. — /. McLafchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Undulating prairie. Long Creek, or the south 
 branch of the Souris River, crosses uiagonall} from north- 
 west to south-east, its width being frora 50 feet to 100 feet, and 
 the depth of its muddy water from 2 feet to 6 feet. The remainder 
 of the township is well watered. Scil, hard clay, about 6 inches 
 deep, with sandy subsoil ; first class.— Z. P. Gauvreau, 1888. 
 
 2. Ow^tnes.— North and east — rolling prairie ; clay soil, hard and 
 lumpy in a great many places ; class 3. Section 1 is low and 
 marshy in the south. Water is scarce and no wood. — T. S. Gore, 
 188V 
 
 West — rolling and undulating prairie. Several marshes were 
 crossed. Soil, clay loam, with clay subsoil ; class 2. Section 18 
 rates, partly, 1. A few cactus and stones on Section 31. Long 
 creek crosses the line three times in Section 7 ; a cart trail on the 
 south of the river. Good farming land.—/. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-dtvision.—Hndxxlaiing prairie. Long Creek (south branch 
 of the Souris River), crosses Sections 4, 5 and 6 from north-west 
 to south-east ; 60 to 120 feet wide and 2 feet to 6 feet deep, the 
 water beinir muddv. The township generally is well watered. 
 Soil, hard, composed of clay and sand ; first class.— -L. P. Gauvrea; 
 1882. 
 
4. 
 
 ■nm,n,kip. We>t,./Sec^ Initial Meridta«.-Rang,Xl\. lis. 
 
 Kindy loam ; cl ss 2 Alon^ ih. J * T' li?'""''' '» P'»<=«» : soil, 
 several large ma?sht tL son?S°h™' PT*'?","' '""^ "»« «« 
 
 class 8 Ae town^io is »1I v„mi ^ ■'•'""''• '"°'P5' clay soil ; 
 very ae.„ce, anSi'L^'wS'lVrc^/lrsf ^ "''" " 
 
 patZs'''^7':;!r::?eret't^rh^ V- '*»- -d 
 
 Soil, olay loam, with a olay suLKC C^^f-FJ^^St 
 
 clay td1:ifrn~pfai?'Z PT'f- ¥'' ''"'<'• '^'-^^^ "t 
 Oauvum, 1882 "^ ""'^^ ^"' ""> «'«»'d olass^i, P. 
 
 side 100 feet hiffh. Section Sq hL Kin tin^^' ***"^^ <*» each 
 good in the valTo^r. The Luris Rivii fl ^ 5f * in height; soil, 
 average width 30 feet ; 3 ieet Xeo an/'JV^'^^^^ Section 38 
 undulating, with ston^ riS wti ^'"'i? '^''*®^- ^est- 
 Soil sandf and cla^^^^^^^^^ 
 lands on Section 7.-/. McLatchie, 1881 ' ^''''^ ^*3^ 
 
 a^ros^teToCltSfor^fr^il^^^^^^^^^ ^^^ «?- ^^-^onally 
 is very stony^ The^rfTer i^aW o" elt^'roadtd tf *^!,^^"^ 
 has a sluggieh current and very muddv bed -T fr '1.1f-,^P ' 
 
 part of this townBhip its aveagfw^^^^ ^^' north-west 
 
 deep, and current inperceptlble Thl rti 'r ^''''' ^ *^ ^ ^««* 
 mile in width and is bounded on dthlt'-'i ^^'^^ '' ^^^'^^ ^^^^ ^ 
 80 to 100 feet in height TheToflff ^^ \ ^ ,'^^^« ^^ ^i^^* 
 surface covered with boulders in the If Z'^l^^^ J^^^*' ^'^'^ *^« 
 There are a few ash and maSes sittS .^'^^t,^ ?l *^« ^i^«^- 
 the Souris, averaging ^oS 6 to 8 1 ohf '!?°^ *^^ ^^""^ °^ 
 with small tracts'oflnd "llt-a P Ven iX^^^^ ^'"^ '' 
 
 bouldef s ; class 3 The east ifiT ? ^^ ^/"^ covered with 
 
 four southern miles, and rou'h aid SL'o\^"^^f/-"^ °^ *^« 
 two northern ones Beaver and sm In ^' ^'^'^"'^^^^?^ °^ ^he 
 round -a fc'. W'o/^ 1881 meadows; class 2 all 
 
 it frolt*rrS'sru^h°"^£:f^"L...'^»8h, Bark Creek traverses 
 deep ravines, the slopes and"bottom« Tf ""^'•''^1 ^^ *" uumber of 
 Along the margin of Ee creS. andThat nf ^^ T 1^'^ ^'^^y- 
 
 the north-west: whicrioins it Zk!u f^^^^ '*'^^"» ^^o«i 
 
 8## ' ^"^^^ '^^"^ "' ^'^e belts of thick underbrush, wi^k 
 

 IKJ Townsln,»^ ^Vat r./ Second Initinl Meridian-^ Bang* XII. 
 anh. ohn. an.. '"»-ry th^>o. not ^ 
 
 " . mo qua MH that lou.ul on ll.o sa.... Mtroani. noar .U oou- 
 o M w Ih tlioHuuris Wivor, Hoil. .lay. but .au.'.h l»rok«n by 
 
 "t!:.iy ""<U'-'^volly ria^vHi nhl.^lly thinl. with Hum« Hocoud claw. 
 
 — /*. JiHfHVt, IMH'i. 
 « 0«7/M.'S, -North -rolUuK and lovol prairio A larffo n«n">«5 «[ 
 
 lo iM.uldoiN lu So.' • . J2 ; olaMH iJ. K.ihI .indulatin^? praim. 
 Sootiou. lift an.l «.l uro rolling. Ntinioroun uumu^ovvh a.ul uutrnhcMi: 
 
 01.U.N 'i-(^ n- ^yoiif. »H«i- , , .^. 
 
 W,,Ht„u,ululatinff and Htony prairio. Soil, sandy loam with 
 clav I >lil 'lasHos '2 and a. fUo Sou, is liivor has hiRh banks 
 
 orS^dions 12 and la. '200 loot abovo •';-;}''""'r''\\f;3Vl" J 
 cwk oontaiuiuK good wator ovohhos doctioun IH, iO and ai.-W. 
 
 McLatvhit, 188 1. 
 
 .S..ft.,/.t,M.on.-lIndulatiuK' prairio. Tho S;>niMS Uivor passos 
 through tl.o sauth-wost portion, travorsmg Hootions ^ «• ^ "^'V^^^^^^^^ 
 t lu> nort h oast sido aro sovoral largo ravnios ol an av,>rag« (hn>th 
 d .^( fool nmninu- north and o.ust, in souio oasos to a djstauoo of 
 \ h A lo R thoso ravinos tho land is vory stonv, and in somo 
 nlaeo thor a?o largo bonldors. Towards tho uortft and cast thoro 
 a 0^ ponds; 1»ut. in August. 1882. those woro mostly d^r^ 
 TW land in thoso portions of tho township is rathor bottor than 
 U va s t »o .onlh-wost, W ator is soaroo, but could probably b 
 Zinod by diggi,»g. Thoro i. no tim^o^ with lu, excop U^^^^^ 
 two or throo small .'lumps .»!" p.>plar on tho sou h- west bnnlc ol 
 h. iouri Uivor. having not m.>ro than lorty or 1 Ity ivoos inojc^ 
 .ump.no,u« of thon» l.oing tnoro than six inch.^s ^ndu^^^- 
 Somo clumps of nndorbrush also o.-cur al.nig the bauU 
 SoiUVom i^ lo 20 inch.>s .loep. with light sandy loaux or grav^H^' 
 ohvy subsoil ; chiolly so.'ond class, with some third.— i.. i-'. -«« 
 dtr^OH, 188*2. 
 7. 0««.-«t..s-. -North and .nust -rolling pmirio, with numowM 
 swamps, nmrslu^s and boavor meadows. The con ro of S.>ot^^ 
 is very stouY. and snrlace In^ulders were seen «'\\i^« "S^^^^. J 3'' 
 Secti.m !Uv A cart tr.." crosses the south halt ot Section 13, | 
 
 chussos I and 2 —C E. Wolf^ l««^- 
 
 The west is undulating and dry prairio; only a f«W stream* 
 and marshes ; vogvtatiou poor, and sonic cactus— a bad sign. 
 J. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 ^',,/,-<//r.s.o«.-lJndulating prairie. There are a S^f^m 
 
 stones, but as they are all on th.^surlaco, ^^^^C Its o\^oT2 
 interfere with the working of the lan.l In Sec ous - 1 --, -' 
 os^ 00 >?» .,„.! H\ are numerous small gullies, all ot wmc_n *•■»■ 
 verf stonvr" Wnter can be go( all through the tovvusUip ii 
 is no timber. Soil, from 6 to 12 inches Seep With a sandy I 
 
 subsoil ; sccoiu 
 
 I ,-luss.— K. D. Henderson, 1882. 
 
1 XII. 
 
 (liamotflr ; 
 iiks of the 
 apparontly 
 i>ar il.H oott- 
 
 brokttu by 
 
 JUUlld OlllBB. 
 
 uunii)«r of 
 itioii. Su^ 
 iuK prairjo. 
 td iiiarHhoa ; 
 
 r lonm, with 
 hi^h banks 
 •ouiitry. A 
 and ai.- 
 
 To.m.hip, West of Second Initial Meridian -^Range XII. HT 
 
 '**• OutllntsH.—'nM north is 1 
 
 liv«r passes 
 , 8, 7 and 18. 
 ,M>riiff« dtipth 
 
 distauoo of 
 ind in somo 
 lid cast thoro 
 
 mostly dry. 
 
 bettor than 
 
 probably Iw 
 
 exooptiou of 
 
 v«8t bank of 
 
 troos in each 
 
 in diameter. 
 
 the banks, 
 a or gravolW 
 —E. L. Hi^ 
 
 h numorouj 
 of Sootion 8i j 
 I north half of 
 ,f Section 18; 
 
 I few streanWi 
 bad sign— 
 
 a good lUMf j 
 d not greatly 
 ms 21. 22.21.| 
 of which *»| 
 
 . . ml. ...I 
 
 iisuip. i=-i 
 a sandy \oai 
 
 «tunte<i; ono'or ••;;;;' ,,;;^^'ty .Itildo!^ ''^r^• 7^"***r 
 
 Welprairicn withair(,odsoil Jnrl .^^^^^^^^ 1 he west is also 
 
 *foneralIy poor. dried'^Mitr/'^t^nt^S-aTSV fj.^^S^^*^*-^ 
 
 . S.M,uion. - 1 H L; rS -»^1 2 -a E. Wolff, 1881. 
 c"lti..«- ui, thn Nurlac Z f „ T ' ^'^!' ""m.^rous ponds 
 i'upe.lini..nt (o agr ,n' V . ^ ^''^ "" to constitute aVeat 
 nre fairly dry. buT hf Lli.ul J ^^'^ w.st.rly ti„rs of sections 
 UumghitiaitfhtTwl Ifi ^"' "' *^'*' township is very wot 
 
 Souri« Itivor. Tl^s rS.t m ^l '""^,^' "^^'"^ ^""« ^«v^» to the 
 but not to a dog on th ;r w< ul 1 n^^^ «tony towards the south-west, 
 laud. Th.n. i^\o t mtrof ilv S" '• T- "''■'^""*^ f° ^'"^l^i»g the 
 quality, iron, 12 to ?« ,°l''"^/^'''*'"P^i'*"- »«!. very good in 
 subsoil bu on accoint Hh' '^"7' ""l'^ ^ '^^y '^^ «*»dy loam 
 ponds. r.U.l'JZrZs:l^^^^^ b-klu by 
 
 ""• Jwtt^i^ll^iS^tlS;^ of a grey 
 
 -y W '7 i;:;-:tS^^ with no timber of 
 
 is a largo hav mLh Th ?.? ' ''"'^ \" *^*^ ^««*«^» Portion there 
 ply being SX bonds' S^^.^'^ ?° '/'"T«,' *^« ^^^7 water sup! 
 cJp. wifh aXytbsoIlt sSd':i.^^^^ Js^sV ^^°''« 
 
 , the surface wator'i« frfsh ThlfT' '"' ^^T'"^ ^^^^^ S^^^' ^^^ 
 1888. Vsircsn. Ihere is no wood.-F. IT. ^r»M/ro»g., 
 
 «om.^tt7iyV^Liml^^^^^ ^«\«^ ^ *h*^ -" - -ceHent but 
 
 -O. 7, AVo/^issl "^^ " "'^''^'' = "° w°°d ; "o streams. 
 
 Wei:^;^m;S bS:?:!^^;^:^ ^^^T'I?- though generaHv 
 very doop. The soil is oT^>n fn< ' I ^! ^^'°^ *^« ^^''ge and 
 ma.4hcs thoii roxoolltTn i/ ^'''^?; ^°1"^y "^*y- ^b^^t the 
 might bo obtained from hem Tff' ""'f *• ^^^^^Jl^a^tity of hay 
 wood -5. L, BrlllZmT ^^- ""'*"' ^' ^'.i\ ^'^^'•^ i« ^o 
 
 "• ^^f-;;!' mi;:! ^:r bufl;h }T.' '^^^' loam o^a 'bL clay 
 strong, ms. ■ ^ ""^^^ *^^'^ ^« ^« tresh.-F. fF. ArJ- 
 
 Maddock, 1882 ^ '"^ ^''^"^ ""'' * clay subsoil-/. X 
 
 8i## 
 
 I 
 
118 Thwnships West of Second Initial Meridian.'-^mge XIL 
 
 The west is rolling prairie, with a sandy or clay loam soili 
 Good larming or grazing land. Occasional swamps and ponds. — 
 
 A. C. Wrbb, 1881. 
 
 Sub division.— T\Ab, township is very rolling, and is broken 
 by numerous hay swamps and marshes. There is no wood of any 
 description. The soil is generally dark, sandy loam, averaging 
 from 4 to 8 inches in depth, with clay subsoil. Q-ood water can 
 easily be obtained in feny part, by digging a few feet. The whole 
 township is suitable for farming. - Damats and Michaud, 1882. 
 
 12. OttfWngs— North— Sections 35 and 86 are rolling prairie; occasional 
 Bwamps with water. Soil, sandy loam. Sections 34, 33, 82 and 
 81, are rolling or undulating. Soil, clay loam ; classes 1 and 2 
 throughout. In Section 31 is a range of ridges. In Section 81 a 
 bed of a creek crosses from east to west, it is 20 feet wide, with 
 •vrater in pools. The west is rolling or level prairie. Soil, 
 sandy or clay loam. Occasional swamps and ponds. Oood farm- 
 ing land on both boundaries. — A. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 The east is rolling surface, with a dark loamy soil, on a clay 
 subsoil, except in the north-west corner, which is sandy. Water 
 fresh and no wood — F. W. Armstrong, 1888. 
 
 Sub-division.— This township is all rolling prairie, with no 
 ■wood of any description, and is much broken by hay swamps, 
 marshes and gullies. At the time of survey, the marshes were' 
 all dry. The soil is g-enerally sandy loam, averaging from 3 to 15 
 inches in depth, with clay subsoil. It is well adapted for farm- 
 ing — Dumais and Michaud, 1882. 
 J». Outlines— The north and east are rolling prairie, with a clay loam 
 soil, rating class 1 ; scattered small marshe.s along the line. 
 Excellent larming land, well adapted for wheat cultivation.— -4. 
 C. Thomson, 1881. 
 
 The west is rolling or undulating prairie. Soil, sandy or clay 
 loam. Occasional swamps or ponds. Fair farming or grazing 
 lands.— il a Webb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, with a number of grass 
 swamps, but no wood whatever. Better adapted for grazing thaa 
 agriculture. Soil, a good clay lotim, 7 or R inches deep, .with a 
 very good sandy, clay subsoil; second class. — F Vincent, 18^2. 
 
 M. Outlines.— The north and east are rolling ; soil, clay loam ; gene- 
 rally class 1. Moose Creek crosses Sections 35 to 25, flowing east, 
 and to north of it in Section 86 are some large marshy areas. On 
 the whole, excellent farming land. On the east there are a few 
 marshes containing water. Section 25 has hills and ravines, which 
 are gravelly and stony. The creek here is 8 feet wide and 2 feet 
 deep ; slow current ; good water ; marshy banks. In the suuthorly 
 quarter of the section is a large marsh. The southerly sections 
 are good farming land. Section o6 is light, gravelly and sandy; 
 class 2 —A. C. Thomson, 18S1. 
 
 rPU .^ ...«*A»4- ■;« «^lli »-»rti i-v** ■•-ii-i^ln lft4-ir»r*- rvroiriii OnnQCirknol fi\K7ii1Tn\'^ 
 XlJLt; VTCCt 13 iuiiii.i^\>i titlt-tf.sTtvl.*^ |J»t«- . i»- -« ^-^ . 
 
 or ponds. Soil, sandv or clay loam Fair farming or graiiing 
 land.— A C. PTeW, 1-81. 
 
* 1hu„Mp, ir„, „^ g„^^ ^^.^^^ MerUi„n.-II„ng> XII. ii» 
 
 ce«<, 1882. ^ ^ '"^^^' ^^^P ' «e«ond class -F. Fm- 
 
 The west half sr^Ch and SotLV'^''^ ^^'^ '""^ 1° ^^'^ «««* l»»lf- 
 gravelly. Th. inclines We non? ^ 'r'^^'i *"1 ^^«^« l^^^l is 
 
 several coulees orTginate in this tol^^^^^^^^ ^"'"/' ^"^^ ^^"^^ ^* 
 olas. 2.-a V Rgkp 1881 "" «"'^'' ■"<• averages 
 
 in the north wTsf SoTKen^rairC/'r ^o"' "'"""P^ »f i "P'ar 
 township is rolling pra rie tS.1I l ™ ^^^ ''""'in-l" <>f 
 ing north.east.-C*'n"&J.rT8M ^'^ "'*'' °^''""' ^O"" 
 
 loam clase 1 «m^t! r^^^" /°'^' northwards, black clay 
 Sv*. 1881 ' '°"*^^'"^^' °^^^«d with gravel; class 2.-a ii 
 
 Paarl^sir' '' ''"^"^ P''"^"^' ^^««^^«^* -^1: class l.-T|r 
 and ston1'7n'?L~«Sffr'^^^ ^^""' ^^^^ «1^«« i« '^^ north, 
 
 Wil. S«6.rftm-sto/..-<lenerally level. A creek of good water crosses 
 
 n,«nf fr''^'^ S'f '°'^' *^^ township is a good one for settle- 
 ment. Is crossed by numbers of streams and the Qu'Appelt 
 
 111 
 
 UH 
 
120 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XII. 
 
 River. The valley of the Qu'Appelle appeared to be more or less 
 springy, but has plenty of slope and will be good hay and pasture 
 
 land.- a F. Miles, 1881. , , . ^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^f 
 
 The west is high, dry and level, wuth an excellent soil ot 
 
 friable clay and clay loam ; class 1. Excellent I'armmg land. 
 
 Timbered ravines with creeks occur on ?■ :tions 36, 24 and IJ.— 
 
 W. T. Thompson, IS^O. ., r^ »a n 
 
 Sub-division.— "ThiB township is traversed by the Qu Appelle 
 River, and a portion of Fishing Lake. The valley of this river is 
 settled by Mais (or half-breeds), who have been there tor some 
 years and have made considerable improvements. The soil i^ ot 
 the best qualify and well adapted for farming.— J. Bovrgeots, 188.5. 
 
 ao. Ouilines.—'i{ori\i and east— fine soil, principally a rich clay loam. 
 The Fishing Lakee break up the western half of the township. 
 The balance is generally undulating, treeless prai le.— C. F. Miles, 
 1881 ?"^'^1l 
 
 The west is high, dry, rolling prairie ; with rich loam and cla,y 
 loam soils, on a clay subsoil, the southern part having a gentle 
 slope to the Qu'Appelle Valley, and the whole being excellent 
 farming land. Several timbered ravines, with small creeks flow- 
 ing to Fishing Lake. This lake, with steep, wooded banks, breaks 
 up the northern half of the line.— TT. T. Thompson, im . 
 
 Svh-dividon—^o\\ is of good quality, and well adapted lor 
 agriculture. All the even-numbered sections were occupied at 
 time of survey by settlers who had built houses and made num- 
 erous improvements. Fishing Lake runs through this township 
 from south to west.—/. Bourgeois, 1882. 
 
 21. 0«^/tnes.-The west is a high, dry prairie plateau, alternating 
 between level and rolling, and having a soil of clay and clay loam 
 eenerally good farming land. Several small ravines occur, with 
 spring creeks, and along the northern half of the line there are 
 blufls of poplar — TT. T. TAow/jsow, 1880. 
 
 The east is fine farming land; good soil, being a ricli clay 
 loam. The township is well watert d by streams, and is eligible 
 in every way, except for wood. — C. F. Miles, 1881. 
 
 Svb-divinon.— UaiY be generally ranked as first class farming 
 land, although considerably broken by swamps, gullies and 
 marshes. It is rolling prairie, with from 12 to 20 inches ot 
 alluvial soil, and a clav bottom. Numerc^s poplar and willow 
 bluflfs, with timber averaging from 4 to t3 inches m diameter, 
 afi-ord a good supply of fuel for the settler There were already, 
 at time of survey, a number of sections squatted on in this 
 township. — Dumuis and Blichaud, 188^. 
 
 382 Ovilines —The east half of the north line has poplar and willow 
 and an excellent soil ; class 1. The west half is not so good, having 
 a Touffh surface, and the rating is between 1 and 2. The surtace 
 
 along tn;' wiiui-o i;iic i= LiiiUt.iicttiS.5 -. - -^ ^j ~i ' i m 
 
 Is a fine stretch of country and has a good clay loam soil 
 Surface water more or less alkaline.— (7. F. Miles, 1881. 
 
soil of 
 J land. 
 dl2.— 
 
 Sippelle 
 river is 
 r some 
 oil is of 
 
 is, 1882. 
 
 ,y loam, 
 ivnship. 
 ''. Mites, 
 
 nd clay 
 L gentle 
 xcellent 
 ks flow- 
 3, breaks 
 
 pted for 
 ipied at 
 le num- 
 3wnship 
 
 ernatirg 
 ay loam 
 ur, with 
 here are 
 
 rich clay 
 s eligible 
 
 farming 
 lies and 
 nches of 
 I willow 
 diameter, 
 
 already, 
 1 in this 
 
 d willow 
 d, having 
 le surface 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Mf.ridian.—R„nffe Xlf. 121 
 .r.r.^fi''/'l'u'''*'■~^l '"''"^"^ P^«^"«' wi*^ bluffs. The descrin on 
 
 1^^:^ i»s: iisr ^^'^^ '- ^^^^"^ appiicabieirr.:^ 
 
 28. Out/ines.-The west is all knolly prairie, with an excellent soil 
 but grave ly on the ridges ; the rating is nearly all class 1 TW 
 -t o'^Lt TsZ. '°^^" -<^-i^l°w'scrub, an'd man; meadol'^ 
 
 ^^,^''^-'^'l^'^''!'-~^onmg prairie, with many marshes and small 
 ponds, contammg water good enough for any domestic nurZe 
 but only one running stream. Suitable for agricuTture or sfock 
 raising. Timber occurs in bluffs of small pSpla? fit for fendn; 
 and fuel; there is also a good deal of popla? scrub Soil bUck 
 loam, about 6 inches deep, with sandy 'subsoil, thou..h in' kces 
 gravel appears ; first and second class - S. Brodie, lb82. 
 24. Ouilines.—The north containe a sfoorl soil all ola J i cr.A ««„ j 
 with poplar bluffs. The western'half hasml su fa^e w^^^^^^^^ 
 the eastern.—/. L. Reid, i881. "uriace, water man 
 
 Knolly prairie along the west, with some ponds and a few 
 s^all poplars. The soil is good and generally class 1 except n^ 
 where th. re are ridges, which are gravelly, and where the ran? 
 IS between 1 and 2.~W. Ogi/vie, 1880. ^^ 
 
 Sub-divmx,n.~Romng prairie, with bluffs of small ponlar (Rt 
 for fue and fencing) and some willow and poplar scrub In 
 places the land is much broken by small lakes, ponl and marshes 
 and consequently better suited for grazing t!. an agriculture' 
 I^rge areas of bof tom grass, growing luxuriantly, occu^and the 
 waer m the ponds and marshes is generally good enough for 
 cooking purposes^ Soil, black loam, from 6 to^ 8 nches dee n- 
 second class.— S. Brodie, 1882. ^' 
 
 as. OM/Zmes. -West-rolling and level prairie, having some meadow., 
 and clumps of small poplars, and an excellent fairnrsoil Si 
 n V -,0^^ extensive meadow crosses into Section 1.~W 
 
 Sub-dtvision.—Uomng land, well adapted for agriculture It 
 IS crossed by the trail from Fort Ellice to Touchwood Hills On 
 
 and 36, with fresh and irood water Tha +iT«K.. /^ui^n. I \ . 
 
 and 36, with fresh and good water.' ~Th7 tim'ber '(c'hieflrpopia''r) 
 
 em half, and also upon Sections 7 i8 20 
 
 26 
 
 occurs upon the easte... ...,..« «.«. upon ^^ectuns 7. i8 20 
 
 21. 29 and 30 and it is well suited for building, fencing or fuel 
 Boil a sandy loam ; second class —7. /. Burvutos, 1882. 
 
 0«^/m.s.-The v estern half of the northern boundary has a first 
 class farming sou with some meadows and a few scattered poplars 
 Ihe eastern half is not so good, being gravelly and having a 
 number of alkaline ponds; the rating hire is cla^s 2 The 
 west IS rolling prairie with some meadows and clu uips of poplar 
 The soil IS very good and rates all class 1 The \\lLiprand 
 iJattleford trail crosses Section 6.--W O^i/vie, 1880. m^i' . " j 
 Stib'divi3ion—M.os\Ay roiling prairie, compi.ratively d^v' 
 
 iTTi and or t2L' '^VT l^^'/ "^"^^^ ^^P"^ ^'^^'-^^'^ 
 18, J4 and 38. The low lands bordermg on these lakes are| 
 
1S0 TowHuhipn Went nf Set -md Initial Meridian— Range Xll. 
 
 dtiring spring and autumn, completely submerged. "With this 
 exception, the township is well adapted to agricultural purpow*. 
 The only timber is poplar, of a small size, available lor fencing and. 
 fuel.—/. /. Burrows, 1882. 
 
 SI. Outlines —North— the eastern half mile is rolling prairie and 
 serub, Arith bluffs of poplar and willows. Soil good. The next 
 three miles are in a lake ; the remainder of the line is rolling prairie ; 
 bush, scrub, poplar and willow bluffs. Soil, good.— J. Traynor, 
 1882. 
 
 Duck Hunting Creek, which crosses the north-west comer, m 
 about a chain wide and five feet deep, and flows between low 
 banks. The general surface along the western boundary is rolling 
 prairie, with some poplar bluffs and willow scrub, and a few 
 marshes. The soil is a good sandy loam ; class 2. The line ig 
 crossed in the south-west corner by a creek which is twenty links 
 ■wide and one foot deep. — E. Deville, IbSO. 
 
 Sub-division. — The land of this township is undulating with 
 bluffs of willow and poplar, the latter good for fencing and fuel. 
 The soil of the north halt is good and consists of a black loam on 
 a clay subsoil ; but in the south is light, of a sandy loam, with 
 sandy subsoil, and gravelly on the knolls. The north sections 
 are badly broken by Foam Lake, the water in which is slightly 
 alkeline —H. H. Stephenti 1888. 
 
 Sa, Outlines.— Along the north the east mile is bluffs of willows, 
 second-growth poplar, grass marshes and small ponds. The soil 
 is light and gravelly. The next two miles have numerous deep 
 sloughs end marshes The remaining three miles are rolling prairie 
 and brush, with bluffs of poplar and thick willows, grass marshes 
 and some ponds Suil, good. The east is undulating, timbered 
 with poplar, willows, &c., patches of prairie, grass marshes and 
 ponds intervening. Soil, good — 1 Traynor, 188^2. 
 
 The west is slightly undulating prairie, partially covered 
 •with poplar and willow scrub, and a few poplar bluffs. A few 
 marshes occur near the north of the line. The soil is a sandy 
 loam, which, although light, seems very good and may be rated 
 mostly class 1 in the north half, and class 2 in the south halt 
 The line is crossed by a creek flowing west, which is 20 feet wide 
 and 3 feet deap—E. Deville, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division —ThiB township is mostly undulating praiiie, 
 with willow and poplar fit for fencing and fuel, with heavy dead 
 poplar in the north-west corner. The soil is light, sandy loam, 
 subsoil, sand. Tho north-east corner is badly broken by a large 
 slough, and the southern sections by Foam Lake. There are 
 numerous ponds and marshes, which, with Foam Lake, give a 
 plentiful supply of good water. — H. H. Stephens, 1888. 
 3». Outlines.— The south porticn of the west line is slightly 
 undulating prairie, with a SF,ndy loam soil, class 2 on Section 7, 
 and cla.os I on Section 6. Th 3 north half of the township lies m 
 an Indian Reserve, and adjpxjent to the south boundary of the 
 reserve, the line is crossed by a river, which is a chain' wide and 
 
:ii. 
 
 Tbwnships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XII. 12S 
 
 nth this 
 >nrpoMs. 
 icingand 
 
 irie and 
 rhe ndxt 
 
 5 prairie ; 
 TrajfnoTy 
 
 comer, is 
 reen low 
 is rolling 
 id a few 
 
 6 line is 
 inty links 
 
 ing with 
 and fael. 
 : loam on 
 »am, with 
 \i sections 
 i slightly 
 
 willows, 
 The soil 
 ■ous deep 
 ng prairie 
 is marshes 
 timbered 
 rshes and 
 
 ^ covered 
 i. A few 
 3 a sandy 
 y be rated 
 oath halfl 
 ) feet wide 
 
 ig praiiie, 
 leavy dead 
 udy loam, 
 )y a large 
 There are 
 ke, give a 
 
 six feet deep, with a current of two miles an honr In the vicinity 
 of this river there crosses also a small creek and two trails, one 
 from Ellice to Quill Lake, and the other from Touchwood to l^ofc. 
 Lake or Mountain — E. Deville, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — This is a Iractional township, and consistsonly 
 of the southerly two and a half tiers of sectious. This portion is 
 gently-rolling prairie, covered with bluffs of poplar and wiUd^ 
 the former being suitable for fencing and fuel. The soil > is & 
 light, sandy loam on a subsoil of sand. The sunace is T«iy 
 much broken by large marshes, sloughs and Fishing Lake, Jias 
 water of which is good.— if. H. Stephens, l«8tf. 
 
 s slightly 
 Section 7, 
 ihip lies ia 
 ary of the 
 L' wide and 
 
 m 
 
T!0WNgHIP3 WEST OF THE SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 
 ■4^SC Range XIII. 
 
 X Outhxes— Along the west the f-urface is very stony and hilly, 
 liavin^ a sandy loam soil on a light clay subsoil ; class 8. A few 
 amalj marshes were crossed. — A. O. Wheeler 1883. 
 
 'iho east is rolling and hilly prairie ; a tow large marshes and 
 ponds t^oil, clay loam, with clay subsoil ; stony in places. The 
 cactus plant is quite abundant in this district ; class 2. Section 
 18 is the hilliest part of the line. All the other sections are good 
 fermm^ land. The south is rolling and hilly prairie, a little 
 «tony ai.d growing a few cactus. Soil, clay loam and clay sub- 
 soil; class 2. Marshes and pond are numerous.—./. JfcLfl^cWe, 
 
 lOol. 
 
 St/A-c^iws/nn.— The land in this township is of fair quality; 
 water it^ all fresh, except in a small belt adjacent to the Inter- 
 Bational Boundary, where the ponds are strongly alkaline, but the 
 water m the swamps and marshes is uniformly fresh. No wood. 
 Soil class l.— C. P Aylen, 1888. 
 
 •- Outlines.— l^hQ west is rolling and hilly, very stony land, having 
 a few small marshes. The Dirt Hills occupy the south- west hafi 
 of Section 6. Soil, sandy and gravelly, with light clay and gravel 
 Mibsoil ; class 3. A cart trail crosses the north-west quarter of 
 Section 19. Long Creek crosses the north-west corner of Section 
 «0, and runs across the township —i4 . O. Wheeltr, 1883. 
 
 The east is rolling and undulating prairie ; several marshes. 
 Boil, clay loam, with clay subsoil ; class 2. Section 13 is classes 1 
 and 2. The cactus plant is quite plentiful ; and on Stctiou 86 
 there are surface stones. Long Creek crosses the line three times in 
 Section 12 ; a cart trail lies parallel to the creek. Fair farming 
 Jand.— J. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 _ Sub-divisinti.— 1 his township consists of undulating prairie, 
 With an alluvial soil of sandy loam, and a subsoil ofstiff clay and 
 gravel, in nearly equal proportions. Long Creek traverses it in a 
 «outh-easterly direction, and has an average width of 1 chain, 
 depth from 2 to 4 feet, and current not exceeding 1 mile an hour. 
 Traces of coal were found in Sections 22 and 23. There are a few 
 small willows along the b ks of the creek ; but with this excep- 
 tion, the township is destitute of wood. Generally class 1.— C. P. 
 JLylen, 18^3. ^ 
 
 'M. Outlines.— The east is undulating and stony prairie. Many 
 marshes and sloughs were crossed. Soil, clay loam, with clay 
 subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. The south-east quarter of Section 24 is 
 jDw land, and contains patches of cactus. Classes 2 and 3. A 
 «reek crosses the south quarter of Section I.— J. McLatchie, 1881. 
 ^ ^ Sub-division.— iSmxeyed the boundaries and sub-divided this 
 iowiisLip. It is undulating prairie, and has an alluvial soil of 4 
 •io 6 inches of sandy loam, on a subsoil of clay and gravel of 
 
 «. 
 
Toumthips West qf Second Initial Meridian.^IUmge XIII. 125 
 
 extreme hardness. There is a lake in the south-weet, which 
 merges into a large swamp or marshy lake. The alluvial soil has 
 disappeared in places, lea^'ing exposed the subsoil ot extremely 
 tenacious clay, mixed with gravel and boulders. There is no 
 timber whatever in this township. About 50 per cent , class 1. 
 The remainder, class 2. Long Creek crosses the soiith-went and 
 is about 45 links wide. No wood. Fair farming land. — C. P. 
 Aylen, 1888. ^ 
 
 4. Outlines. — North — undulating an*^ rolling prairie. Soil, clay and 
 sandy loam, with a olay pubsoil ; classes 1 and 2. A coul6e crosses 
 Section 36. Sections 85, 8 i, 83, 82 and 81 are stony. A large coul6e 
 crosses the central portion of Section 31, it contains water and is 
 marshy. The east is undulating, with stony ridges. Several 
 marshes and ponds were crossed. Soil, sandy and clay loams, 
 with clay subsoil ; class 2. A coulee crosses Section 24, and a creek 
 in Section 13. Good hay lands in Section 12.— J. McLatchie, 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — The land in this township is poor for agricul- 
 tural purposes, the alluvial soil has not sufficient depth, and the 
 subsoil is too hard to admit of being ploughed, except under the 
 most lavorable circumstances. There is, however, a fair growth of 
 grass, and water may be found in several places during the greater 
 part of the season. There is no wood whatever in the township. 
 Class 2.— P. C. Aijten, 1883. 
 
 5. Outlives. — North and west — traversed by several deep ravines in 
 a south-easterly direction, at the bottom ot which flow small 
 streams. The land sloping to these ravines is mostly covered 
 with erratic blocks and boulders in all sizes up to masses weighing 
 several tons. Probably 50 per cent, of the land would be only 
 suitable for pasture. There is some wood in the ravis^^s. — T. 
 Fawcett, 1881. 
 
 The east is rolling, stony prairie. Soil, sandy loam, with clay 
 subsoil ; classes 2 and 3. A coulee crosses Sections 1 and 12. A 
 creek also crosses Section 12 ;_it has hig^i banks on the south side, 
 some places 160 feet. A creek crosses Section 24 from west to 
 south ; it has very high banks and greatly cuts up the south half 
 of this section. Eoth flow to the iSouris. — J. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 S«6-M«mito/t.— Open, high, dry prairie, well covered, with a 
 thick coating of grass, and genordlly undulating. A few conical 
 knolls occur, the summits oi which are strewn with boulders. A 
 deep creek crosses the north-east corner, and two shallow coulees 
 (the south one dry in August, 1882) run across the township in an 
 easterly direction Soil, mostly light, sandy loam, with the sur- 
 face stony in places, 8 to 6 inches deep, with a subsoil sandy and 
 stony; chiefly second class, with some first and third.— C. G. 
 Sheppard, 18^2, 
 
 *. Outlines. — North and west — traversed by several deep ravines ia 
 a south-easterly direction, at the bottom of which flow small 
 streams. The land sloping to these ravines is mostly covered 
 with erratic blocks and boulders in sizes from a pebble to masses 
 
 V 
 
 •if 
 
 ^1 
 
 Hi 
 
■* ■ 
 
 12ft lownshipt Wett of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XIU. 
 
 weiffhins? several tons. Probably about r)0 per cent, of the land 
 might do for grazing. There is some wood in the ravines.— T 
 Fawr ft, 1881. 
 
 The east is undulating and stony prairie. Soil, sandy loam, 
 with clay subsoil; classes 2 and 3. The Souris River crosses 
 Sections 12 and 18 ; the banks reach a height of 200 feet above 
 the surrounding country. Creeks cross Sections 18, 26 and 88 
 each containing good water — /. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.^AhoMt one-third (the south-west jwrtiou) i« 
 gently-rolling prairie, well suited for agriculture, while the re- 
 mainder 18 o) inferior quality, being very broken and stony. The 
 north-east corner is traversed in a south-easterly direction by 
 ^ouris liiver, the banks of which are very steep and stony. 
 Another creek, which apparentlv takes its rise in this townsWp, 
 :near the north-west corner, has also very rough and stony banks. 
 It runs in a south-easterly direction, but had no current in August, 
 lc82, being only a succession of pools. Along the former stream 
 are a few small poplars, with willow underbrush, in such small 
 quantity as to be hardly worth mention. Soil, from 2 to 6 inches 
 deep, with sandy loam, clay or gravelly subsoil ; first, second. 
 third and fourth class.— C. G. Sheppard, 1882. 
 
 7. Outlines — Ig traversed south-easterly by a deep ravine, in wlqch 
 flows a sluggish stream (the Souris River). The banks and the 
 land in places, for quite a distance back, contain boulders and 
 stones. The township is mostly high and dry, and the soil a 
 heavy clay.— T. Fawcett, 1881. 
 
 The soil in the east is very dry ; vegetation poor ; surfoce 
 undulating. A few marshes. Some cactus growinir, which ia a 
 sign of bad land.— O. J. K/otz, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— k\\ prairie. The north-east portion is a gently- 
 rolling surface, and the soil is a rich clay loam ; it is traversed m 
 a south-easterly direction by an old cart trail, supposed to be the 
 one formerly in use from Wood Mountain to Fort Ellice. The 
 south-west portion is traversed in a south-easterly direction by a 
 crcok, with a soft, muddy bottom, and into which run several 
 deep ravines The water in this stream is good and fresh ; its 
 width averages about 20 feet, with a depth from 3 to 4 feet, and 
 it has a sluggish current. The laud is very stony for a mile or 
 two on each side of this creek, especially along the banks, and the 
 ground is much broken by ravines The water rushing through 
 these ravines during freshets has washed out the surface in several 
 places, leaving nothing but the boulders, so that large stretches 
 are now entirely bare. Along the stream, however, there are 
 patches oi very good land Magnificent cacti flourish in this 
 township, especially in the barren parts where no other vegetation 
 was seen. Soil, generally from 2 to 18 inches -deep, with a dry- 
 clay or sandy loam subsoil ; first, second and third class.— (7. G. 
 Shepp:.rd, 1»82. 
 
 ' -■- ^"'- ix-Tiiix lo unaidatiuir and level p^airie, with a few 
 
 scattered, small and early marshes, and some cactus growing, a 
 
'19. 
 
 T\<inn!fhip* West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XIII 12T 
 
 •ign of poor land. The east is level prairie, with a dry soil 
 »nd a few marshes. No wood on t'ithi^r line.— O. J. Klotz, 1x91. 
 
 Thb we8t*is high, dry prairie, with a gently-undulating sur- 
 face and clay soil, mixed in some places with gravel.— T Fata- 
 cett, 1881, * 
 
 Sub-division.— Open, high, dry prairie, interspersed with a fevr 
 
 frassy marshes of good fresh water. The surface is undulating, 
 he north-east half being rather high, the soil (herein is generally 
 dry and very hard. The south-west half is of a gently-rolling 
 surlace, and the soil of a better quality. In some places rich 
 yellow loam was found at a depth of 10 inches. This portion of 
 the township is somewhat stony in places. Spear grass forms 
 4he principal herbage here. Four coul6es originate in the town- 
 ship, but they were all dry in July. Near the middle there is a 
 cart trail leaaing from Wood Mountain to Fort Ellico. Soil, from 
 8 to 10 inches deep, with a clay subsoil ; first and second class.— 
 C. O. tSheppard, 1882. 
 
 . Outlines—The north is fine prairie, very suitable for farming 
 purposes. The soil in some places is sandy, in others, clay loam, 
 and class 1, except the eastern third which is low, wet and 
 «wampv with some large hay meadows. The west is rolling, 
 generally low, wet and very stony, being covered with boulders, 
 «ome of them very large, much is boggy and very hnmmocky ; 
 classes 2 and 8. Some excellent hay meadows. Two-thirds of 
 this township are well adapted for wheat raising.- J. G. Sing, 
 J.o82. 
 
 The east is undulating, the soil good ; a number of small 
 •hallow marshes and some good hay meadows.— O. /. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Subdivision.— Open prairie, gently undulating, with no wood 
 of any sc .. The surlace is generally dry, only a few ponds 
 occurring. There is part of a hay marsh in Sections 24 and 25, 
 "^e remainder lying in the adjacent township. Soil, very hard 
 and dry, from three to four inches deep, with a clay subsoil ; 
 second class.— /. Warren, 1882. 
 
 Outlines— "North— ]o\Y, wat laud, numerous marshes and ponds. 
 Soil is a clay loam, with a clay subsoil, some places wet clay ; 
 classes 3 and 4. Pile of Bones Creek crosses Section 32 ; it has a 
 slow current, three feet deep, good water, and low banks. Unfit 
 for farming purposes. The surface is, as a rule very low and 
 marshy. There is a fme growth of grass, which niak^-s it valuable 
 for grazing purposes.—/. G. Sit^g; 1882. 
 
 The east is undulating and level; excellent soil; scattered 
 shallow marshes ; no wood — O. J. Kiolx, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.—XJnduliitmg prairie, the surface being a good 
 deal broken by trarsbes, one of which is large, with deep water 
 m It. There is a great extent of excellent pasturage, and an 
 abundance ot hay could be obtained from the marshes. Water 
 IS fresh Pnd sweet. There is no timber. Soil, brown clay, 
 which, from drought, had become verv h.«»rd .af, ih(\ tim?- ^-^ ^'h" 
 sTwvey (August); "but the fresh conition of the herbage' and 
 other indications showed that the land was of excellent quality ; 
 chiefly first class.— /S. L, Brabazon, 1882. 
 
128 Townships West of Second Initial Meridianr^Range XIII. 
 
 I 
 
 11. Outlines. — Along the north and west the surface is a dead level; 
 occasional ponds. Soil, a stiff clay, second class and very hard to 
 penetrate ; hummocky in places No wood.— X G. Sing, 1881. 
 
 The east is rolling prairie, with a soil of sandy or clay loam. 
 Good farmin-? or grazing land; occasional swamps and ponds.-— 
 A. a Webb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Is rolling prairie, soil a clay and gravelly loam, 
 averaging in depth from 3 to 10 inches ; first-class wheat land 
 and well situated for farming purposes. The only drawback is, 
 that it is considerably broken by hay marshes, most of which 
 were dry at the time of survey. Water is easily obtained by dig- 
 ging a few feet from the surface. There is no wood of any kind. 
 — Dumais and Michaud, 1882. 
 
 12. Outlines. — The north is rolling prairie ; occasional hay swamps. 
 Soil, sandy and clay loam ; classes 1 and 2. The east is rolling 
 and undulating. Soil, sandy and clay loams ; classes 1 and 2 ; 
 some gravel. A bed of a creek, with water in pools, crosses the 
 south quarter of Section 26. Fair farming land on both lines.— 
 A. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 "West — dead level ; occasional ponds. Soil, stiflF clay ; second 
 class, and hummocky in places. No wood. — J. G. Sing, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, with a good many grassy 
 swamps ; well suited for grazing. Soil, a good clay loam, with 
 & T-5i7 good sandy subsoil; second class. — F. Vincent, 1882. 
 
 13. ■"... '-.»? s.- Holling prairie, with a soil of sandy loam and some 
 g,' vei; class 1. A fine creek of good water crosses Section 34, 
 about 15 inches deep (September). The west has a soil of sandy 
 loam nd gravel. Section 31 is somewhat broken by gullies and 
 in spring Las some streams. Scattered marshes and ponds along 
 both lines.— il. F. Cotton, 1881. 
 
 East — rolling and undulating prairie, with occasional swamps 
 with water. Soil, sandy and clay loam ; classes 1 and 2. Dry bed 
 of a creek, with v7ater in pools crosses the southerly half of Section 
 12 ; the banks on either side are high and precipitous. Fair for 
 farming and grazing purposes. — A. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, with a good many grassy 
 swamps. "Well suited for grazing. Soil, a good clay loam, with 
 a very good sandy subsoil ; second class. — F. Vincent, 1882. 
 
 14. Outlines. — North and west — gently-rolling prairie, with a soil of 
 excellent sandy loam, gravelly in places ; all class 1. Surface 
 water scarce. — A. F. Cotton, 1881; 
 
 The east is rolling or undulating prair'e. Soil, sandy or clay 
 loam. Occasional swamps or ponds. Fair farming or grazing 
 land.— il. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, with a good many grassy 
 swamps. Well suited for grazing. Soil, a good clay loam, with 
 a very good sandy subsoil ; second class. — F. Vincent, 1882 
 
 to be hilly in parts and considerably interspersed with grass 
 swamps. The soil is a fair second class and is better in the 
 
Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XIII. 129 
 
 northern portion than the south, where gravel ndges and coa- 
 siderable stone occur. A range of sand-hills traverses the west of 
 tnis township. A dry watercourse crosses Section 36 in & 
 Southerly direction. A small creek— no current, water good- 
 crosses Section 33. An old cart trail crosses the eastern half of 
 Section i2~T. Kains, 1881. 
 
 o.r.,.^f^~"T^l^5^ all rolling prairie, with a few pond-holes and 
 gravelly on the tops of the ridges ; class 2, except Section 1, which 
 18 broken, roiigh and stony, and class 3. Going west on the 
 south line, the first two miles are rough and broken, and also 
 stony and gravelly ; class 3. The next three miles are undulating, 
 with some hay swamps and ponds, and class 2 ; and the last miFe 
 18 sand ndges.— PT. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.^Almost entirely open prairie, and very rollinff. 
 A large lake of fresh water occurs in the south-east portion, ami 
 timber grows on the south-east side of it. Soil. 8 inches to 10 
 inches deep, with clay and gravel subsoil ; generally second-class. 
 Dut m the north-west portion first-class.— C. C. DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 18. Outlines.--The north is rolling land level prairie, with numeroua 
 grass and willow swamps ; classes 1 and 2. Cart trail to Qa'- 
 Appelle crosses Section 35. Good farming land . The west part 
 ot the township is entered by a belt of timber which extends from 
 the ranges to the west of this. The balance of the township is 
 
 . ^^cellent prairie land, with a few creeks and grass swamps. The 
 V.if.a. crosses east and west.— T. Kains, 1881. 
 
 The east is undulating prairie ; excellent soil ; class l.— W. 
 Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— FrsLine, with only a few willows, of no value 
 wnatever. The main line of ;he Canadian Pacific Railway crosses 
 tne township from east to west (Indian Head Station). Soil, 4 or 
 5 inches deep, with clay subsoil ; first and second class.— Z. C 
 Buputs, 1882. 
 
 19. OM</i»es.— North— hilly, rolling and undulating prairie. Numer- 
 ous ponds and hay swamps. Main cart trail to Qu' Appelle crosses 
 Sections 33 and 34 ; class 1 throughout. Good for farming and 
 grazing. Rolling prairie, inclined to be hilly in the west, and 
 tnicklv scattered over with hay swamps.— T. Kains, 1881 
 
 The east of this township is high, dry and level, with an 
 excellent farming soil ; all class 1. Timbered ravines, with creeks, 
 occur on Sections 81, 19 and l.— W. T. Thompson, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division-nolling prairie, with no timber, except a few 
 willows and other soft woods. A creek with a slow current 
 crosses Sections 13 14, 23. 24 and 25 in a north-easterly direction. 
 Boil 3 to 7 inches deep, with a clay subsoil ; class l.—Z. C. Dupuis, 
 
 90 
 
 '. OM^^mes.--Along the north are the Fishing Lakes. In Section 30 the 
 — "«"«■!= -^v xuci aign, uouutiy doLled with biutts of second- 
 growth and poplar and willow. The east is high, dry, rolling 
 prairie, with rich loam and clay loam soils on a clay subsoil ; the 
 
.1 
 
 % 
 
 HSO V'wnxhips West of Second Initial Meridian. — Rang^eXIlI. 
 
 southern part having a gentle slope to the Qu'Appelle Valley, and 
 the whole being excellent farming land. Several timbered ravines 
 iiave small creeks in thorn flowing to Fishing Lake; This lake, 
 with steep wooded banks, breaks up the north-east corner of the 
 township- W. T. Thompson, 1880. 
 
 On the west side the soil is excellent and well adapted for 
 cultivation. Along the north a belt of timber exists about a 
 couple of miles wide, and scattered throughout this region are 
 numerous ponds and grass swamps. — T. Kains, 1881. 
 
 Sub'division. — The south-eastern portion is slightly undu- 
 lating. The soil is first class and well adapted to agricultural 
 purposes. It is well situated, being near the C.P.R. and the 
 Qu'Appelle River, from which fuel may be procured for many 
 years The northern half is somewhat broken by hay swamps, 
 and about one-half of it is covered by poplar and willow bluffs, 
 but there are patches of excellent prairie land. — Dumais and 
 Michaud, 1882. 
 
 'SS. Outlines —T\iQ general surface is rolling, with numerous sloughs. 
 The Qu'Appelle River crosses this township in a valley frorc 250 
 to 300 feet deep and here widens into one of the Fishing Lakes, 
 having deep coulees leading towards it from north ar.d south. 
 South of the v Hey the land is thickly wooded with small poplars 
 in clumps ; there are also numerous sloughs, and the soil of the 
 township generally appears to be a first class clay loam. On the 
 south slope of the valley the poplar often reaches 12 inches. The 
 north side is but thinly wooded, except in the coulees. — /. F. 
 Garden, 1881. 
 
 The southern end of the east line is in the Qu'Appelle Valley 
 and Fishing Lakes. ISorth of this is high dry prairie plateau, 
 some places li-vel, other places rolling, having a soil of clay and 
 clay loam and generally good farming land ; rating class 1. 
 Occasional small ravines with creeks occur, and some poplar 
 towards i 'le north of the line — W. T. Thompson, 18s0. 
 
 Sub-division. — Kolling land, having a suificient quantity of 
 poplar timber for the requirements of settlers for building, fencing 
 and fuel. Well watered by the Qu'Appelle River and Fishing 
 Lakes The Hudson Bay Company's Reserves occupies portions 
 of Sections ti and 7 ; the North-West Mounted Police Reserve, 
 parts of Sections Vl, 18, 19, 20, 29, 30, 31 and 32 ; and the " Treaty- 
 ground " Reserve, parts of Sections 6 and 7, that part of fractional 
 Section 8, south of the Qu'Appelle River, and fractional Section 5. 
 Soil, a rich clay loam, with sandy subsoil ; well adapted for agri- 
 culture ; first class. — Clementi and Hewson, 1881. 
 
 • Outlines. — Surface, rolling. In the west there are, in the vicinity 
 of Jumping Creek, numerous clumps of poplar and generally 
 there are small marshes containing good water. The soil generally 
 is a good clay loam on a clay subsoil, containing in s( me plac oa 
 an admixture of sand and a slight appearance of surface gravel. 
 
 T 17 /-y »— -lOCH 
 
 ^ Sub-division. — Rolling land, having prairie openings, alter- 
 jnating with fine blufis of poplar up to 12 inches in diameter ; 
 
Ibwnships West of Second Initwl Meridian.^ Ran,(tX\ll. 181 
 iher'tn^^^ '''"^ ?"^ ^^"°^ ^''^ «""^^^ous fine hay 
 
 ajJ/t'««.--The8urfaceisopenandgenera]ly rolling. Thesouthern 
 portion contains some exceedindy irood land In fiff ^ I ^ 
 the township the surface becomes /uite hilly there a uumher nf 
 marshes and sloughs occur in the depress ons Most of thTtown 
 ship can be ranked as first class agric'ultural iJI^^^jToZZ, 
 
 ^.^^^-^^^i '".3^" ^''^"y prairie, with an excellent soil but 
 pvelly m the ridges. The land rates class 1 The south hSf 
 
 te'^slo"'" '"' ^'^'^^ "^"^ ^^^ --y meadowi'-J^! 
 
 ait.^;f ^rr^:^^ ^^^^^^ ^J^ 
 
 willow and scrub ; deep ponds and large hay Sarshes Th^ In^^^^^ 
 
 ^l "^tr'^V^ ^ township are sU'^Kil'andt^^^^^^ 
 Soil, a good quality, from 6 to 14 inches deep, with a clav or' 
 gravelly subsoil ; second class.-il. Hamel, 1882 ^ 
 
 **• J?o!i?'*~^^' ""^"^^ is undulating and occasionally hilly with 
 
 suit^le for farming or grazing. There is plenty of noolarf?^ 
 immediate wants of settlers.-i! Bray, 1881 ^^ 
 
 .^««^?® ^^?* '^ open rolling prairie land, with some sloughs and 
 
 where there are ridges, which are gravelly, aid where the rat nf 
 18 between 1 and 2.— W. Ogilvie, 1880. ^ 
 
 SM6-t//t;isfo».— Rolling country. In the central and eastern 
 parts are numerous bluffs of poplar.Wt 6 or 7fnches in diameteT 
 There are numerous ponds and willow swamps ; but the land o-ets 
 higher towards the north and west boundaries. Soil, from a Iktle 
 west of the centre, eastward, a rich sandy loam ; but he west pa ? 
 
 ^ ^fiTT^'''^J''~'''^^^^^. P'^"^' ^'^^ «^attered poplar bluffs 
 and numl rs of ponds and marshes. The land is i uo^i andcC; 
 2 The west is a 1 hilly prairie, with scattered poplar bluS 
 
 lll"l^Tc:nflsT^' ^"' ""^'^«- ^^^ ^-^ ^^ -^ *boye 
 ^ The east is rolling and level, with some meadows and 
 
 ^Xii'^im^ ' "^ ''''"'^* ^''"^"^^ ^'^^ ' ^^^^'^« 1 
 
 S«W»vi«-(»i.— Gently-undulating or knollv. and al*a-«-^-w 
 ^prairie and mMsh. Much of the surface is coveredwiS 
 patches of small poplar and scrub brush, with occasional blu&of 
 poplw large enough for fencing and fuel, and ia quantity ^ffi! 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
I 
 
 132 Towmuijji West of Second Initial Mendian—Ranffe XIII 
 
 cient to supply, for a few years, the requirements of settlers. 
 "Water, very good. Soil, good, without any indications of alkali ; 
 tecoud class. — /. A. Snow, 1882. 
 86. 0«//i»ies.— The north is undulating prairie, with numerous small 
 marshes and ponds. Occasional poplar blufls. The land is 
 rough and rates class 2 in the west half and class 3 in the east 
 half. Going north on the west boundary, the first mile is level, 
 the second is rolling and the third is ilat and marshy, all rating 
 third class. The three remaining miles are rolling and class 2. 
 There are small marshes and poplar scattered along the line, and 
 some small, clear and fresh lakes in 81.— if. Carre, 1881. 
 
 The east is all rolling prairie, with some meadows and clumps 
 of poplar. '1 he soil is all first class. The Winnipeg and Battle- 
 ford trail crosses Section IZ.—W. Ogilvic, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division.— GhieHy prairi-a, rather uneven and knoUy, 
 passing by easy slopes from the dry land to grassy marshes or 
 small ponds and lakes, the elevations not olten exceeding twenty 
 feet. There is no running water. In Sections 27, 26, 2i and 28 
 are two lakes, known as the " Salt Lakes," the water of which is 
 disagreeably alkaline rather than salt. The water in all the 
 others that came under notice was suitable for cooking purposes. 
 In the south part the supply of timber lor fuel and fencing is 
 small ; but the bluffs in th6 north part contain poplar up to six 
 inches in diameter. The land is better suited for grazing than 
 agriculture ; second class. — /. A. S/mw, lb82. 
 ft7A. Outlines.— Mong the north there are a great many muskegs and 
 marshes. LluII's of poplar, willows and scrub were frequently met 
 with. Some of the sections are well suited for settlement, but 
 much of the land is wet and worthless. — E. Deville, 1880 
 
 The nurth i-j rough and does not rate over class 3. There are 
 poplar biulls and numerous small lakes and ponds.—if. Carrey 
 
 S>sb-division.—llo\\ing land, with numerous poplar bluffs, 
 small lakes and marshes. The areas of open prairie are small. 
 The trail f.om Fort Ellice to Touchwood Hills crosses Section 6 
 Irom fcoulh-west to north-east. Land unattractive for settlement; 
 second class. — J. A. Snow, 1882. 
 
 37. Outlines.— Hhe west is all rolling land, with a sandy loam soil. 
 There are numerous small marshes and occasional lakelets and 
 ponds. The surface is covered with scrvxb of poplar, willow, 
 hazel and cherry brush, among which there are scattered PopJ«. 
 2 to 7 inches. The rating throughout is class 2.— O. / Klotz, 1880. 
 The eastern line of this township crosses some places which 
 are well suited for settlement. The soil is generally good, and 
 the southerly two thirds is nearly all class 1. The country is 
 open, but there are poplars, 6 to 7 inches in diameter, in bluffs, 
 scattered all over the prairie. — E. Deville, 1880. 
 
 iiub-division — iioiiing prairie, Dioiten. oy Bcvurai siuaii isa.^-^ 
 and marbhes. The soil is a good sandy loam, and there is plenty 
 
 ■ <?f timber for settlers' requirements.—/. L. Beid, 18bO-81. 
 
:iii 
 
 settlers, 
 f alkali; 
 
 )us small 
 
 land is 
 
 tho east 
 
 e is level, 
 
 ill rating 
 
 class 2. 
 
 line, and 
 
 d clumps 
 d Battlc- 
 
 i knoUy, 
 irshi's or 
 §• twenty 
 i and 28 
 which is 
 1 all the 
 purposes, 
 jnciiig is 
 ip to six 
 ing than 
 
 ikegs and 
 jntly met 
 ment, but 
 D 
 
 There are 
 H, Garret 
 
 iar bluffs, 
 
 ire small. 
 
 Section 6 
 
 ttlement; 
 
 loam soil, 
 eleis and 
 , willow, 
 ed poplar, 
 
 :iotz,nso. 
 
 ;es which 
 good, and 
 jountry is 
 , in bluffs, 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XIII. 188 
 
 28. Outlines— The north and west is rolling land, with a light sandv 
 loam soil ; class 2. There is a generaf growth of small poplar 
 and willow and hazel underbrush. Creeks cross the line on 
 bections 86, 3/> and 33, and small marshes are scattered all alonir 
 both hues profusely.— O. /. Klolz, 1880. |'g.J^-%. 
 
 East— neai-ly all rolling land, rating classes 2 and 8, the latter 
 Where the soil is light and sandy, embraces Sections 25 24 
 and li. Marshes and muskegs are numerous along the northerly 
 two-thirds of the line, and scattered poplar blufts throughout. A 
 small creek, 2 feet deep, crosses Section 24. The country is very 
 wet, and may be said to be unfit for settlement.—^. Deville, 1880 
 
 Sub-dtvmon.— lamely covered with poplar, together with 
 willow and scrub. There are one or two lakes and numerous 
 small marshes.— J. L. Reid, 1880-81. 
 
 29. Outlines.--Along the west lin^ the land is all rolling prairie, with 
 a sandy loam soil ; class 2. The surface, except in the centre sec- 
 tions, IS overgrown with poplar and willow scrub, among which 
 18 some large poplar. The surface is very wet, and numerous 
 small marshes, together with a number of creeks, occur — O J 
 KlotZy 1880. 
 
 The eastern boundary was run over a rolling country, with 
 the exception of the southerly mile, which is hilly. The soil, in 
 places, IS light. The rating is class 2 on Sections 26 and 13, and 
 3 ,on the remainder. Poplar and willow scrub predominate along 
 the line, among which are a few poplars, in groves, from 4 to 6 
 inches m diameter. There are marshes on every section, and a 
 i^^^ri^"^^^ ^*^® on 12 ; a marshy stream with a slow current oil 
 ■^. . country is so wet that it may be said to be completely 
 unfit for settlement— £. Deville, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division.— The soil is a fair quality of sandy loam. There 
 is a great number of small ponds; a sufficient supply of timber 
 tor settlers needs can be obtained.—/. L. Reid, 1882. 
 
 30. Outlims.— West— the country is all valley ; has a sandy loam 
 soil ; is very wet with small marshes ; has a number of fresh- 
 water creeks, and is covered with light bluffs of poplar from 2 to 
 8 inches m diameter, growing among willow and. other under- 
 brush.— O. J. Klotz, 1880. 
 
 The north is gently-undulating and rolling prairie. There is 
 scrub and scattered groves of poplar and willow; the poplar 
 being from 5 to 10 inches in diameter Numerous marshes were 
 crossed throughout the line, and a creek, 2 feet deep, with a slow 
 current, in Section 31. The soil is light and sandy, and classes 2 
 and 8. Going south on the east boundary for three miles, the prairie 
 18 slightly undulating with dark and sandy loam soils, averaging 
 class 2, there being some rich soil in the valley of the river in 
 Section 26, and some inferior soil in 24. The last three miles con- 
 sist of hilly and broken prairie, with muskegs in the hollows and 
 averaffinir thirrl nlaBK Sa/»+irtvi io Kr.i, ^ +v,,. »,^ i. ai-„_ j.i-_ 
 
 line there are poplars from 4 to 6 inches in diameter, with much 
 ®^^li- •'■^® *^*^^ ^^^^ ^®ily to Touchwood crosses Section J. Tha 
 
184 
 
 Tbvmships West of Second Initial Meridian. — Ranfe XIII. 
 
 91. 
 
 country along the line is a very uninviting one for settlement. — 
 £. Deville, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Nearly covered with poplar and willow, and 
 much broken by ponds and marshes.—/. L. Rtid^ 1880-81. 
 
 Outlines. — North— the character of the township is good, beingf 
 principally rolling prairie, with scrub ; near the north-west corner 
 good building timber occurs. The soil io of a rich black loam, 10 
 to 18 inches in depth ; clay subsoil. It is well watered by creeks 
 10 to 60 links in width ; small ponds and marshes ; water fresh 
 and good. Well adapted for settlement. — /. Traynor, 1882. 
 
 Duck Hunting Creek crosses the north-east corner, and is about 
 a hrin. wide, 6 feet deep; it flows between low banks. The 
 ffent 7 J* surface of the eastern boundary is rolling prairie, with a 
 few poplar bluffs and willow scrub, also a few marshes. The soil 
 is a good sandy loam ; class 2, The line is crossed in the south- 
 east corner by a creek, which is 20 links wide and 1 foot deep. — 
 E. Deville, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, covered with thick willow an<J 
 poplar, the latter being good for fencing and fuel. The soil is light 
 Bandy loam, with subsoil of sand and gravel. There are numerous 
 ponds and marshes with good water in them, also a creek from 40 
 to 76 links in width, which is at present dry, but in which, in an 
 ordinary season there would 'be plenty of water. On the western 
 boundary there is a belt of good building poplar, from 8 to 16 
 inches in diameter and about 40 feet high.—//. //. Stephens, 1883. 
 
 . Outlines. — North — this line is all in a rolling country, having a 
 very good clay loam soil, about 10 inches deep, on a subsoil of clay ; 
 class 1 ; covered with patches of willow and scrub. On Sections 
 85 and 86 there are several fresh-water lakes, and on Section 31 a 
 small creek, with a feeble current. West — all rolling land 
 with a clay loam soil ; all class 1. Bluffs of willow and young 
 poplar ; occasional larger trees. Some good creek water in the 
 three northern sections. Several settlers here. — 1. Traynor, 1882. 
 
 Along the eastern boundary the country consists of slightly 
 •undulating prairie, partially covered with poplar and willow 
 Bcrub, also a few poplar bluffs. Marshes occur near the north of 
 the line. The soil is a sandy loam, mostly class 1 in the north 
 half, and class 2 in the south half Although light, the soil seems 
 very good. The line crosses a creek, flowing west, which is 20 
 feet wide and 8 feet deep— £. Deviile,\%%Q. 
 
 East — the character of township is good, being principally 
 lolling prairie, with bluli's of poplar fit for fencing and fuel. 
 The soil is rich, black loam, 10 to 18 inches deep ; clay subsoil. 
 Well watered by creeks, 10 to 15 links iu width, small ponds and 
 marshes, water fresh and good. Sections 2t), 27, 34 and 35 are 
 much broken by a large marsh and pond ; fairly adapted for 
 fiettlement.— J. Traynor, 1882. "'*, 
 
 Sub-division. — Is composed chiefly of rolling prairie, with 
 poplar blufls, brush and scrub. It is watered by creeks from ten 
 to fifty links in width, by marshes, ponds, and small lakes.^The 
 
Ihwnships West of Second Initial Meridian,— Range Xlll. 185 
 
 water is sweet and good. The soil is a rich, black loam, ftoxn ten 
 
 somf or?h ""'^'Z '^ ^'Pu^ ^^*^ ' clay Wm subsoil exceproa 
 
 ZTmI l I'^-^A-' "^^r .'^^^ ^^^^ »^^^«1 o^°«r«- Poplar 
 suitable for building, fencing, and fuel is easily obtained 
 
 There are a number of grass marshes which will furnish abund: 
 ance of hay for use of settlers. The township on the whole offe« 
 many inducements to settlers.- Tra^^or and Stephens ISsH 
 38. OuJlines.— The north is mostlr undulating prairie, with bluffs of ^ 
 
 wIT/k^ ^."P^"'*- ^f' " "°^ ^^«^k loam! subsoH clay Wel- 
 watered by streams and marshes ; water good. The north-wei 
 corner is submerged by Little Quill Lake.^ West^-mos tlyua- 
 Son ^lra"\r*^'''^^M^««°^^i"°^ »«d soSe pjp?ar. 
 fnd'r^.r,h.« '^.^^^'^'j^^'r^?^'"^^ ^^^^ ^^t^rcd by stre^aii 
 and marshes ; water good. This township offers many induce- 
 ments for settlers, as evidenced by the fact that severll paSSi 
 
 ^Tt^ZJZT ""''^ ' ^^'"^ '^ ^'**^'^^^* p^^^^°^"*^ ^^''^^^^ 
 
 f«o« wi 7"?- '"JS^^ P*? f ^^^ '°^**^ *^alf <>f this line. The sur- 
 tZ 1! f^^^^J undulating prairie, and the soil is a san^ 
 ?X'fV V'''^'^*'^^^^*^^^^^^ 1 o^ Section 1; althongj 
 and 18 tKiT""' ^«7r°^- Ne r the junction of Sections li 
 fi fiJV lu' "^'""'^^ ^y ^ °^^«^' ^^i<^h is a chain wide and 
 
 6 feet deep, with a current of about two miles an hour. In tW» 
 VIC nity there 18 a small creek and two trails- one from ElHce tS 
 
 ^llt%Tll%T' '"" ^'^^^'"^^^ *^ ^^* ^^^« - ^'>- 
 
 «m«lf htff!;i'"''"T^' undulating prairie and 'scrub, with a few 
 small bluff of poplar and willow. The soil is of good quality^ 
 be^^Qg a rich loam of from i to 14 inches in depth, on a clay sS- 
 soil. There is a fine stream of fresh water traversing the to^ship 
 
 nZhwir*^''"'*"H.rP*y^"^ i^t° Little Quifl Lake.Tth? 
 north-western corner of the township.-/. Traynor, 1882. 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDlAx^. 
 
 IlANOE XIV. 
 
 1. Outlines. —The west is heavily rolling land and very stony ; the 
 elevations ranging from 60 to 10 feet high. Numerous ponds and 
 marshes. Soil, sandy loam, with light clay subsoil. The east 
 is very hilly and stony prairie, Soil, sandy loam, with li*<ht clay 
 subsoil ; sf^veral small marshes. Class 8 on both lines. — A. O. 
 
 Wheeler, 1883. , . i. 
 
 The south is rolling and hilly prairie, interspersed with 
 numerous marshes and ponds ; a creek takes its rise from a large 
 marsh in Section 1. Soil, sandy loam and clay subsoil, stony; 
 class 2. Section 8 has a gravelly surface. An old cart trail 
 crosses the east half of Section 4. — 3. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— This township, which is wholly in the Coteau, 
 is rolling prairie, of good quality. The alluvial soil is sandy loam, 
 of fair quality and deptlx ; the subsoil is clay. There is an 
 abundance of water, all of it fresh, except in a few small lakes or 
 ponds near the International Boundary, where it is strongly 
 alkaline. There is no wood whatever. Class 1. Along the 
 north the surface is high rolling prairie. Soil, clay and gravel; 
 subsoils, blue clay, clay and gravel ; classes 1 and 2. A small 
 marsh in 32 and a pond in 34. Good agricultural land.— C. P. 
 Aplen, 1883. 
 3. Outlines.— The west is heavily rolling prairie, the elevations 
 ranging from 80 to 40 feet in height. Many ponds and swamps. 
 Soil, sandy loam, with light clay subsoil ; class 3. The east is 
 rolling and hilly, very stony land. A few small marshes. The 
 Dirt Hills occupy the south-west half of the township. Soil, 
 sandy and gravelly, with li<»ht clay and gruvel subsoil ; class 3. 
 A cart trail crosses Section 24. Long Creek crosses Section 25 
 and runs through 36.-4. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 Sub-divisii n. — In this township, which is situated partially 
 in the Coteau, the land is of fair quality, but in many places is 
 little adapted for agriculture on account of the large number of 
 boulders. Tracts of good land, amounting in the aggregate to 
 about 40 per cent, of the whole, are scattered though it, Long 
 Creek runs through several of the north sections ; its average 
 width is 1 chain, depth 3 feet, and current scarcely perceptible. 
 There is an abundance of water in numerous hay meadows of 
 small extent. No wood whatever. Of the land, 40 per cent, is 
 class 1 and the remainder class 2. Along the north the soil is 
 sandy loam, with clay subsoil ; class 2. A cart trail crosses the 
 north-east.- C. P. Ayleuy 1883. 
 . SM6-(^tymon.— Surveyed the boundaries and sub-divided this 
 township. It is suitable for graisiug rather than agricultural 
 purposes. The land is too hard to admit of being ploughed, ex- 
 cept under extremely favorable circumstances. There are a great 
 
Ttfemhips Wett of Second Initial Meridian.— -Ran s^ XIV. 18t 
 
 many fre^h-water ponds, and hay mftrshes. No wood whatever. 
 Long CJreek runs through tho south-west of the township ; its 
 arerago width is 1 chain, depth 8 feet, current slow. The sur- 
 face is generally undulating, and the soil is a sandy loam, with 
 gravel subsoil. C. P. Ayle.n, 1888. 
 
 4. 0««/mps— North—rolling and undulating. Numerous marshes 
 and ponds ; some good hay land. Soil, clay and sandy loam, 
 sometimes stony ; classos 1 and 2. A creek-bed crosses the 
 central part of Section 36.-7. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-divmon. — This is a fair average township, with a good 
 supply of fresh water, but no timber whatever. The alluvial soil 
 is sandy loam, from 1 to 8 inches in depth ; the sul)boil is gene- 
 rally a tenacious clay. About 80 per cent, of the land is class 1, 
 the remainder class 2, all generally fairly adapted lOr wheat- 
 raising.— C P. Aplen, 1883. 
 
 ». Outlines.— On all the boundaries the surface is high and rollinff, 
 and is composed of fair arable land. Some stony ravines, with 
 «nall brooks in them, cross the township. — T. Fatccett, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division — Rolling prairie ; soil, light and gravelly, with 
 vood grass. Better suited for grazing purposes than for arable 
 land. A creek traverses the towmship from east to west, the water 
 in which is fresh and good. No timber of any kind. — E. Fafard, 
 1882. 
 
 •. Outlines.~On all the boundaries this township is high and roll- 
 ing ; the surface soil is fair and may be rated as good arable land. 
 There are some ravines in tho township with pmall streams on 
 them and numerous boulders in their vicinity — T Fawcett, 1881. 
 Sub-division. — Is only suitable for grazing purposes. Soil is 
 ligii,, sandy and gravelly. No timber. All rolling prairie. — E, 
 Fafarri, 1882, 
 
 5^ Outlines. — On all the boundaries the soil is of good quality, being 
 a dark clay loam. On the west side of the township several 
 grassy ponds and sloughs occur. — T. Fawcett, 1881, 
 
 Sub-division.— Is gently-rolling prairie, covered with spear 
 grass. The north-east corner is rather hilly and stcny and is 
 crossed by the Souris Eiver. The soil is a dark, sandy and clay 
 loam— and 'is s litable for agriculture or pasturage. The west 
 aide, though drained by a running stream which flows into the 
 river, is rather low and wet, while the eastern side is high, undu- 
 lating land. — C. G. Sheppard, 18*2. 
 
 S- Outlines. — Along the north the soil is only medium and water 
 very scarce. — O J. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Is traversed by a sluggish stream in a south-easterly direc- 
 tion. "West and east the land is mostly of good quality and suit- 
 able for farming. Near the south-east corner of the township a 
 number of high hills appear. — T. JFawceit, 1881. ^ 
 
 Sub-division. — Boiling prairie, traversed by the Souris River, 
 here a sluggit-h stream, running between low banks in a sonth- 
 aeasterly direction. In September, there was no perceptible cur- 
 lent, the water being in pools only, and in some places fifty feet 
 
 I 
 
 S?j 
 
188 'lotomiupt We$t vj Secottd Initial Meridian.— Range XIV 
 
 wide and four feet deep. Numerous shallow, dry water courses 
 were observed, extending towards the river bed ; these will feci- 
 litate the drainage of land. On Sections 2, 8, 9 and 16 elevations 
 occur, from forty to seventy feet in height above the general sur- 
 face. Soil, from eight to eighteen inches deep, with clav or sandj 
 subsoil; first class— G O. Sheppard, 1882. 
 
 9. Outlines. — The surface along the boundaries of the township ia 
 almost a dea i level ; soil, sandy and clay loam, very little alluvial 
 soil ; some good hay meadows. About two-thirds of township ia 
 good for wneat raibiag. Watered by ponds of good water. 
 Along the north. Section 85 is very stony, some large boulders 
 and large quantity of gravel. The remainder level, gravelly and 
 dry. Soil, clay, with a stiff clay subsoil ; classes 1, 2 and &. 
 The east is rolling i)rairie, generally low and wet, very stony; 
 being covered with boulders, some of them very large ; much u 
 boggy and very hummocky ; classes 2 and 8.—/. G. Sing, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Level, open prairie, having no wood wbai* 
 ever. It contains no hay marshes and very few ponds. Qmh 
 very hard and stony, from two to four inches deep, with a clay 
 subsoil ; second and third class. — /. Warren, 1882. 
 
 O. OM///«es.— Surface level, but much dryer than Township 10, Bange 
 13. Soil is a heavy clay of a rich brown color ; excellent Sac 
 farmin;^ purposes. On the north the soil is classes 1 and 2. 
 Section 83 is marshy land; class 4; a large hay meadow in tbia 
 section. A creek crosses Section 81, it is 80 linlis wide and three 
 feet deep, no current. Several large marshes were crossed. 
 Better adapted for grazing than farming. East— rolling prairie. 
 Section 1 is low laud and very stony, with some gravel. Sections 
 26 and 36 are low, wet laud, very marshy ; the remainder is dry. 
 Soil is a light clay and sandy loam, with a stiff clay subsoil; 
 classes 2, 3 and 4. There is an immense hay meadow in Section. 
 lii, which covers the oentral two-thirds of the section.-/. G. Sine, 
 1882. ^ 
 
 Sub-division. — Level prairie, with a few small marshes. A 
 water course traverses the township, but it contained no waterin 
 August. The water found elsewhere was pretty good. The land 
 in parts is inferior, being very stony and hard, with a scant 
 growth of grass. Soil, first, second and third class.— S. L. Brabar 
 zon, 1882. 
 
 11. Outlines. — Level with occasional ponds. Soil, second class, being: 
 a stifi clay and very hard to penetrate The surface is rough in 
 places, caused by small hiunmocks full of fine roots. No wood. 
 —J. G. Sing, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division — Is rolling prairie. Soil, a clay loam, with clay 
 subsoil ; ranking as second and third class throughout. There aree 
 a few swamps and small creeks in the south-west portion, which 
 at time of survey were dry. No wood of any kind. — Damais a»^ 
 ^lickaud, 18 j2. 
 
12. 
 
 Township, We^t of Second Initial Meridian.-Range XIV. 
 
 189 
 
 14 
 
 1881. *'^"y"«oe8. t*ood for farming purposes.— 4 C W^cAA, 
 
 On the boundaries the surface is lfl\'Al •5/m-i » *•«• , 
 
 second class, and hard to nenp«r!fl if ,^°»1' V^^ ff grey clay;, - 
 
 hummocks, roU2h and fun nffi ^'\ ^^^?^ ^^^"'^ ^''^ 8°»a» 
 
 "' S'Se8~^s'oil"Siv i' ">"'»? "d ■"■aul.ting prairie, hummoolqr 
 2 A Kreat miv U^i»™ ''i"' ^'J' "^ blue clay subsoils ; cl.« 
 
 Dools • w«t7,f .i °«"'<>'»,<'2' A creek crosses 86, water only in 
 em portion of »t^ """l"?- " '?"'i «'•" »"'>" ''"'«. The soat™ 
 
 «dl M a rule ; t„/°"°''- '?'^ "rf'^'l ''"'' h-nmocki: The 
 inche^oVatvXl'cor/ul-ft "'oa'teutr'' r"" " '^"^ 
 
 W'. 1882 boulders are scattered about.-^. a. 
 
 Section'ofi ;!' '^ •"■ w"^ ",'"' ^ '"""ly '"'m and gravelly soil 
 
 S; «"^l'i;id-e!°o:i^fc°^''?.te-,v.^- -^ 
 
 .^at'a'n'lStTafrU^lcLrrp ^^e^^ £"""^12 
 stones were seen.-/. G. &„«■ 1882 ^ '^ '^^ ™*°" 
 
 class r'!'?!""^ P'*"™- i^""' » ««'"'/ l»a-n and grayel • aD 
 cTtll-mi.'"' ''''""" ""^ ' "'* >>»*. dry (Octobi).-i. K 
 
 A crelk'^om'tr^r^""/"*^ P^'r- ■"'"> » f^'^ """bes and pond* 
 A creek runs lorth-west across the north-east corner, the water^ 
 
140 
 
 Vnrnihfpii Went of Second Initial Meridian.— Ran ffe XIV. 
 
 which, at the end ol July, was stationary in pools. Except in a 
 few of the marshes, where a slightly alkaline tnste was noticed, 
 Trater is pood thrdnghont the township. Soil, a clay loam, about 
 4 inches deep, witJi a stiff hard clay subsoil ; second class. — J. J. 
 McKenna, 1882. 
 
 3fiL 0«^//«e."».— North, west and south — the soil is excellent, being a 
 rich f^and nnd clay loam ; the surface is slightly rolling. Pile of 
 Ik)nes Creek crosses the township, and is a fine stream, 20 links 
 wide and 2 feet deep, water fresh and good ; the current is good, 
 flowing to the north-west. Is traversed in different directions by 
 TaTines, some of which are very deep. On the elevated portions 
 of the prairie the best soil is met with, being free from the stones 
 amd gravel which occur in the ravines. — /. G. Sing, 1882. 
 
 Hvh-division. — Eolling prairie, with numerous ponds and 
 ^assy marshes. A creek runs north-west across the township, 
 Sie water in which, as well as in the ponds and marshes, was 
 found to oe fresh. Soil, a clay loam, with a stiff" clay subsoil, but 
 ■tony along the banks of the creek ; second class. — /. /. McKenna^ 
 1882. 
 
 !!•- Outlines. — The north is rolling prairie, low ridges of gravel and 
 a good many ponds, with a slight marp a of willow and poplar; 
 nearly all class 8. — W. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Is traversed in different directions by ravines, some of which 
 are very deep. The land is composed of excellent soil, having a 
 rich sand and clay loam, covered with an average depth of 10 
 mches of alluvial soil. "Water is supplied from ponds, and is 
 ^sh and good. — .7. G. Sing, 1882. 
 
 Sub-fiivision. — Is level prairie. Soil, a good sandy loam, with 
 sandy subsoil. First-class farming land. Numerous ponds of 
 fresh water, with some hay marshes and meadows. No timber 
 of any kind. — /. /. Francis, 1882. 
 
 liT. Ovtlines. — ^The north is rolling prairie, with numerous grass and 
 hay fcwamps, poplar and willow, with patches of prairie. Class 
 2 Good grazing land. Boggy Creek crosses and flows north- 
 west. A range of sand-hills traverses the east of the township. 
 Generally the township is a bare stretch of prairie, inclined to be 
 hilly in parts, and considerably interspersed with grass swamps. 
 The soil is a fair second class, but, in the south, has scattered 
 gravel ridges and stones — T. Kains, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Surface rolling and broken. Poplar, measuring 
 from 6 inches to 16 iiiches diameter, grows in the northern part. 
 Numerous swamps and small lakes occur. Soil, generally third 
 class ; but in the parts not covered with timber, first and second 
 — C. a Dvberger, 1882. 
 
 18. Ot///i>'<s.— The north is rolling and hilly prairie, with numerous 
 ^avines, and grass and willow i wamps. The Canadian Pacific 
 JEailway runs across the north of the township A cart trail 
 crosses Section 33, running east and est; class 2. This is a good 
 
 • ii . __ J J J m. . X !.:_ ;„ ^Ui/^VItt 
 
 ■graXdUl^ KULliUii ; grUKS ailU VVUieX gi;r:U. lllQ tUWIiCliip in t^iv-y; 
 
 dotted with poplar and willow blufls. The trees attain a fair size 
 
TowHthips West of Second Initial Meridian -^Ranv^e XIV. 141 
 
 in the south-west ; the surfiice is excellent rolling prairie land. 
 The O.P.R crosses the township. — T. Kains, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division —This township is prairie land, with patches of 
 willows nnd other soft woods. The soil is generally first class It 
 is crossed by the C.P.H. At the time of survt-y there were already 
 a good many settlers in the township.— Z. C. Dupvis, 18^2. 
 
 WoTi —The Qu'Appelle Station, P.R., U the lerL.Inui of ihe io»d and telcRraph line 
 to the north. 
 
 19. Outlines— The north is hilly nnd rolling prairie ; scattered grass 
 . and willow swamps. Cart trail to Qu'Appelle crosses Section 86. 
 A large ravine, with gently-sloping sides, and a central water 
 course, crosses Sections 88, 84 and 86. Soil, class 1 ; good for 
 farming or grazing purposes. Other parts of the township are 
 Tolling prairie, inclinod to be hilly in the east and scattered over 
 with hay swamps. The Qu'Appelle trail and telegraph line cross, 
 bearing northwards — T. Kains, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.—RoWm^ prairie, with no timber except a few 
 willows and other soft woods. A creek, having a sluggish cur- 
 rent, runs in a north-easterly direction through Sections 19, 20,^ 
 28, 29 and 80. Soil, from 8 to 6 inches deep, with a clay sub soil ;' 
 chiefly first class, with some second.— Z. C. Dupuis, 1882. 
 
 2ft Outlines. — North— soil, a fine loam on a clay subsoil. The country- 
 is dotted with bluffs of second-growth poplar and willow. — W. T 
 Thompson, 1881. 
 
 The soil is excellent and well adapted for cultivation. Along 
 the north there is a belt of timber from 1 J to 2 miles wide, and 
 scattered through this region are numerous ponds and grass 
 swamps.— T. Kains, 1881. 
 
 .' ub-division.ShpeB gently to the north. Soil, first class. 
 Timber along the creek, which runb through the township from 
 south to north. Broken by Indian Reserve.— Z. C. Dupuis, 1882. 
 
 21. Outlines.— The general surface is rolling, and there is a consider- 
 able amount of fresh surface water. The Qu'Appelle River crosses 
 this township, and here widens into one of the lakes known as 
 the Fishing Lakes. The valley is from 250 to 300 feet deep and 
 has many deep coulees leading into it. South of the valley there 
 are nurnerous clumps of small poplar, and the soil all over the 
 township consists ot a clay loam of good quality. There are some 
 trees of poplar in the valley up to 12 inches. North of the river 
 valley, the country is thinly wooded, . except in the coulees. 
 Jumping Creek enters the Qu'Appelle from the north.—/. F. 
 Garden, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— 'Rolling country, with a sufficient supply of 
 poplar to meet the requirements of settlers for building purposes, 
 fencing and fuel. Well watered by Jumping Creek, the Fishing 
 Lakes and the Qu'Appelle River The Hudson's Bay Company's 
 reserve occupies portions of Sections 1 and 12, w^hile the reserve 
 of Standing Buffalo's baud includes nearly all the north-west por- 
 tiou, and that of rasquavv, portions of Sections fi, 7 and IS. Soil, a 
 rich clay loam, with sandy subsoil, well adapted for agriculture ; 
 first class.— Clementi and Hewson, 1881. 
 
23. 
 
 142 Townshipx West of Second Initial Meridian, — Riinpce XIV. 
 
 a>8. Outlines. — The surface is generally rolling, and has nnmeroiis 
 small marshes, in which the water is usually good. The soil is a 
 clay loam of good quality, on a cla^y sul).so'l, and has, in places, an. 
 admixture of sand and a slight appearance of surtace gravel. In 
 the east there were visible numerous clumps of small poplars in 
 the vicinity of Jumping Creek. This creek is about 10 to 15 
 feet broad and about 2 feet deep ; it has a sluggish current and 
 Hows in a valley which is mostly 50 to 70 feet deep, but whidi 
 increases to 200 at the mouth — /. F. Garde ^ 1*-81. 
 
 Sub dt Vinton. — Rolling prairie, well drained by several cre^ 
 emptying into Jumping Creek, which traverses the west side of 
 the township from north to south. It is about 20 chains wide, 
 and, in September, there was water to the depth of 1 foot. In spring 
 it is said to be from 7 feet to 10 feet deep. Its banks, for about 
 three miles, are bordered with islands of thick poplar, mostly of 
 second growth, well adapted for farm purposes. The reserve of 
 Standing Buffalo's band includes part of some of the south tier of 
 sections. The land is generally of good quality, more especially 
 in the south part of the township, and particularly in the sections 
 adjoining the Indian Reserve ; in tlie valley of Jumping Creek it 
 is higher, but still fertile. Soil, a rich, sandy loam, from 8 inches 
 to 14 inches, with a clay subsoil ; chiefly first class, with some 
 second and third. — A. limiel, 1882. 
 
 Outlines. — Except scattered trees along Jumping Creek, the sur* 
 face is generally devoid of bush and rolling. The soil is a clay 
 loam, and of such a nature as to be ranked first class for agricul- 
 tural purposes. In the centre of the township there is a range of 
 hills or elevated lands, among which there are numerous sloughs 
 and marshes. — /. F. Garden, 1881. 
 
 Svb-divisinn.— Surface very much broken. Jumping Creek 
 runs east from the north-west corner, but, turning south in Section 
 33, runs south through the centre of the township. Several 
 smaller creeks empty into it, and from these, ravines branch out 
 in every direction. The banks of the ravines are mostly covered 
 with poplar and dry underbrush. The former varies in size from 
 fence-rail stuff* up to tall trees, 12 inches in diameter. Several 
 islands of poplar also occur in the south-east and south-west 
 portions, mostly of second-growth. Soil, mostly stony and 
 gravelly, except in the valleys, where it is a light sandy loam, 
 with numerous hay marshes ; third class. — A. Hamel, 1882. 
 
 Ow^^iwes.- Along the north the general surface is rolling and 
 undulating, but there are occasional hilly parts with marshes aiid 
 ponds in the depressions. The soil is good and the land is very 
 suitable for mixed farming. Thoie is a fair 'supply of wood for 
 fuel.— JS. Bray, 1881. 
 
 Open roP'-ng prairie, with numerous scattered ponds. The 
 foil is a clay loam and the township is generally well adapted 
 for settlement. The south-west in the vicinity of Jumping Creek 
 is hilly and >'Tieven. — J. t. Garden, 1881. 
 
 SM6-c?«yi\<iU».— Surface generally broken and hilly, especidlf 
 towards the south-west corner, which is near Jumping Creek. la 
 
 24. 
 
95. 
 
 26. 
 
 Tfmv.hips Weit of Second IrUtial Meridian.-Range XXV 14a 
 
 ^d^m'^ir^nrf"'?^^'"^,^'^^"^' numerous sloughs were crossed 
 T^ pf«? • n^lnf P^P^'^' ^^^^« scattered about. Soil class 1' 
 
 «tuated in the central part of S^HnnP«; > lake whicliis 
 4^Jft<!s '■•> i ir, +17 /l X , ^«ction d6 contains good water 
 
 ^Ja-w„ a."^- -^^: '-r rs-&!?.-^^ 
 
 ^"^Dr^rii" "n;!'"' ""■''r ^""S "»« ■northern boundary is roUine 
 
 ^;.°-.?" *''lJS<'i» Edmonton crosses the east end of the lin« 
 
 imS1^«i,^ 1^11"^ *' ^^'?f ^"^ ^"'""f "" sMttered about A 
 iM«e manhy lake ooonpiea the north-west comer The soil i«t 
 AA sandy loam «id gravel; clas. S.-£. SS, X880. 
 
 I 
 
144 Ibwnships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Bange XIV. 
 
 North-- is prairie, broken by small poplar bluffs ; also a great 
 many large marshes and ponds were met with. Fair-sized lakes 
 were crossed on the east half of Section 7, the east half of 9 and 
 the west half of 12. Poplar bush on the banks of the lake in Sec- 
 tion 9. Class 2.— iZ". Carre, 1«81. 
 
 Sub-division— '^VixiQ,c& rather level and marshes and ponds 
 numerous. The bluffs contain poplar up to 10 inches diameter. 
 The prairie openings are small, and seldom entirely free Irom 
 willows and brush. The main trail from Fort Ellice to Touch- 
 wood Hills crosses Section 12. No running streams occur, but 
 the pond and marsh water is good. Soil, second and third class, 
 —jr. A. Snow, 1882. 
 
 27. 
 
 38. 
 
 M. 
 
 29 
 
 Outlines.— The west is rolling land, with scrub poplar, willow 
 brush and burnt poplar. Soil, sandy loam; class 2. Numerous 
 small marshes were crossed. A lake intersects this line m Sectioa 
 19. The north of Section 18 is occupied by a lake surrounded bv 
 a large marsh, which is wooded along the west shore. A trail, 
 from Winnipeg to Battleford, crosses Section 18. The east is all 
 rolling land, with a sandy loam soil, and covered with numerous 
 small marshes and occasional lakelets and ponds. There is muck 
 scrub of poplar, together with willow, cherry and hazel brush, 
 among this there are some large poplars. The rating is class 2.— 
 
 O. /. J5r/o/2r, 1880. ^ .„ j^t.- 1 J 
 
 Sub-division.— Covered, with poplar, willow and thick unde^ 
 brush. Broken by ponds and marshes. The south-west portion 
 is included in an Indian Reserve. A small lake in the north-east 
 quarter of Section 34 was the only water crossed on north line.- 
 /. L. Reid, 18t9-80. 
 
 Outlines.— The north and west are rolling prairie, interspersed 
 with bluffs of poplar and willow, the poplar averages from 2 to 6 
 inches in diameter. There are also numerous marshes and ponds. 
 A creek crosses Section 85, rising in a small lake to the east of the 
 line. This creek is 14 links wide, 12 inches deep, good water, 
 strong current, and has a stony bottom. A boggy creek crosses 
 Section 34 ; course, north. Soil, sandy loam ; class 1. On the 
 west the soil is sandy loam ; class 2. A dry water-course crosses 
 Section 19, There are three large lakes in the south-east hidf 
 of Section 6.— The east is rolling prairie, having numerous smaU 
 marshes and ponds. Soil, sandy loam ; class 2. Light, scattered 
 blufls of poplar. Section 24 is broken by a chain of small lakes, 
 surrounded by a large marsh. — O. J. Klotz, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division.— The soil is good, and, although there are a great 
 many ponds and small marshes, many desirable sections for nettle- 
 ment could be found. Plenty of wood for fuel and fencing.-X 
 L. Reid, 1880-81. 
 
 Outlines.— The north has scattered willow and poplar. A small 
 creek crosses Section 34 and another crosses Sectioji 82 ; course, 
 nnrth-easterlv. The Nut Lake trail crpsses the north-west half ot 
 Section 33. 'No water of mj account ou this iine, but on tu» 
 west aad east there are numerous large lakps aud ^ws.a»"i 
 
Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.^Range XIV. 145 
 
 several good hay meadows. On these lines the soil is sandv 
 loam ; class 2. A cart trail to Pelly crosses diagonally fhr-uirk 
 feoction 6. Another trail to Fishing Lakes crosses Section 1» A 
 creek two feet deep with good water, slow current, and )narshv 
 shores, crosses the south of Section 30. Along the east line thi 
 land IS all rolling prairie, with a sandy loam soil ; class 2 The 
 surlace except m the centre sections, is over-grown with poplar 
 and willow scrub, among which is some large popkr. The sur- 
 lace is very wet and numerous small marshes, together with a 
 number of creeks, occur.— O. /. Klotz, 1880. 
 
 Sub-dividon.-~T\iQ land lies rather low; there are many ffood 
 sections, but much of the township is marshy. There is plenty 
 ot timber ior fuel and fencing.—/. L. Reid, 1830-81. 
 
 «0. OM^/t»«s.-North-gentlyundulating prairie; thick poplar and 
 willow scrub ; several large marshes. A creek, ten links wide 
 and two leet deep, crosses the line three times in Section 36 - 
 course, nr^ th. A trail from Touchwood to Nut Lake crosses the 
 same sec. n. Two creeks cross the line in Section 84-one is 
 three leet deep, and the other is two feet deep and ten links wide 
 1 here are a few prairie openings, but the surlace is mostly covered 
 With dense poplar and willow scrub, and a few large poplars. 
 Glasses 2 and ^.— E. Deville, 1880. b f i^ *^»^ 
 
 West— rolling land, interspersed with numerous small 
 marshes. Soil, sandy loam ; class 2. Scrub of poplar and willow- 
 brush. Odd poplar from two to eight inches in diameter A 
 creek, eighteen inches deep, good water, medium current, firm 
 bottom and marshy banks, crosses the south of Section 6 and 
 the north of Section 7. Another creek four links wide, ten 
 inches deep, with a slow current, crosses Sections 19 and 30- 
 course, south-east. On the east the country is rolling has a 
 sandy loam soil, is very wet with small marshes, has a number of 
 fresh- water creeks, and is covered with light bluffs of poplar, from 
 two to eight inches in diameter, growing among willow and other 
 underbrush.— O. J Ktotz, 1880. . 
 
 Sub-division.— UoUmg country, with numerous marshes and 
 small lakes. The soil is a sandy loam. Plenty of wood for fuel 
 and fencing.—/. L. Reid, 1880-81. 
 
3. 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range XV. 
 
 Outlines. — The west is hilly and heavily rolling prairie. Section 
 6 is very stony. Soil, sandy loam, with light clay subsoil ; class 
 8. The north half of 18 is gravelly ; class 4. A large pond on t. 
 Fair farming land elsewhere. The east is heavily rolling land, 
 very stony. The elevations range from 00 to TO feet high. There 
 are many small ponds and marshes. Soil, sandy loam, with light 
 clay subsoil ; class 8. — A. O. Wheeler, 1888. 
 
 The south is rolling and hilly, with many marshes and ponds. 
 Soil, clay loam and clay subsoil, stony ; class 2. A large pond in 
 Section 5. Quite a large lakelet occupies the east quarter of 
 Section 6. Water good. — /. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — ^This township, although situated in the 
 Coteau, is gently-rolling prairie ; the land is mostly a fair quality 
 of sandy loam, with a clay subsoil. There is a well defined belt 
 of land adjoining the International Boundary line, in which the 
 water is all strongly alkaline. This belt extends across the town- 
 ship almost in a straight line, from the north of Section 1 to the 
 north of Section 7, and thence to the International Boundary. 
 The water in the remainder of the township is fresh. No wood. 
 —a p. Ai/len, 1883. . 
 
 Outlines, — The west is heavily rolling prairie, with elevations 
 from 20 to 30 feet in height. Many ponds and marshes. Soil, 
 sandy loam, with light clay subsoil ; generally class 8. The south 
 half of Section 19 is gravelly ; class 4. A large pond extends 
 across the north of Section 30. The east is heavily rolling 
 prairie, with ridges from 30 to 40 feet high. Many ponds and 
 marshes. Soil, sandy loam, with light clay stibsoil ; class 3.-- 
 A. O. Wheeler, 1888. 
 
 Sub-division. — ^The Coteau in this township, instead of being 
 a multitude of small hills and mounds, is a large rolling plain, 
 which differs iu no way from the plains beyond, except in having 
 greater elevation and more numerous small lakes and ponds. 
 There is no wood whatever in the township. The land is of fair 
 quality and may be rated as class 1. A large pond was crossed 
 in Section 31. A creek crosses the central portion of Section 34, 
 and flows north. — C. P. Aylen, 1888. 
 
 Outlines. — ^East — undulating and rolling prairie. A few marshes 
 were crossed. Soil, sandy loam, with gravel and clay subsoils ; 
 class 2. Long Creek crosses the north-east quarter of Section 24. 
 Good fanning land. — C. P. Aylen, 1888. 
 
 The west is hilly prairie ; several marshes and ponds were 
 crossed. Soil, sandy loam, with li^ht clay aubaoil; class 8. The 
 elevations range from 40 to 60 feet high.-^ii. U. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 Sub-division. — ^The north is undulating and rolling prairie. 
 Soil, Bandy and gravelly loams, with sand, clay and gravel sub- 
 
TbumaMp, West of Second Initial Meridian —Range XV 14T 
 
 soils ; classes 1 and 2. Long Creek crosses the north-east of the 
 
 IZ^il'^l '* ''^i ^''* ^^"P; "^^^«"*' 10 «^«in« an hour banks 
 8 feet high. The east is also undulating and rolling, ^nd has 
 a sandv loam soil on clay, gravel and sand subsoils ; class 2. W 
 Creek leaves tY ownsh.pon Section 24. Generally, and through^ 
 out other poruuns of the township, the land, as a rule is of fa^r 
 quality, although a few sections are somewhat inferiw About 
 
 ^ 2r£f'~Il''''*^ru''''^?^*""^,P'*^"^ Soil, clay loam, with clay 
 TObsoU. with patches of gravel and cactus ; class 2. Sections 86 
 ft WW ? f, are partly burnt over. There is a large slough iu 
 the west half of Section 34.—/. McLntchie, 1881. 
 
 Jiast— undulating prairie. Soil, sandy loam, with clav and 
 gravel subsoils ; class 1. No wood or water.-c' PAvlnmt 
 The west is rolling and hillv prairie; several maSs and 
 ponds. Soil, sandy loam, with light clay subsoil ; class 2. A 
 cart trail crosses the south half of Section 1^. A smdl creek runs 
 in a vaUey in the central portion of Section 1. Water in ponds • 
 no current ; its banks are oO feet high.-^. O. Whn ler. 1883 ' 
 
 «,iK^l!fr?;iT/v''r^'''l-5'^^T*> ^*'*^ ^"^ south boundaries, and 
 snb-divided this township. It contains, perhaps, as good laid ^ 
 
 S^tion 80 and leaves at Section 3 The alluvial soil is sandy 
 loam, of good depth and fair quality; the subsoil is a tenacioul 
 clay. There IS an abundance of water at all seasons of the year • 
 large quantities of coal, but no wood whatever. Long Creek like 
 all streams m this region, varies greatly in its flow at different 
 seasons of the year, being quite a large stream in the spring, and 
 comparatively msignifacant in the fall; its average width may 
 be reckoned at 80 links its depth at 3 feet, and its furr™ atTesI 
 than 1 mile an hour. The land is class l.—C. P. Aylen, 1888. 
 
 S. OK^/mes.-Surveyecl all the boundaries; the country is high and 
 rolling and generally fair, arable land, Some stony ravines with 
 Mnall brooks running in them, cross the township. On the north 
 Sections 31 32, 33 and 34 are stony, and the soil is a heavy clay •' 
 classes 2 and 3 On Section 32 a dry bed of a stream crosses tL 
 east half In this and Section 33 the surface soil is mostly gone. 
 Sections 35 and 36 rre the best, and have a soil of dark clay loam- 
 class l.—T. Fawce^;, 1881 ^ ' 
 
 Sub-division.— Surface is high and rolling. Boulders were met 
 With m some of the ravines. Soil is of tae poorest character, 
 naving apparently been washed away at some past period by a 
 flood. Subsoil IS clay. No timber whatever.— £. Fafard, 1882. 
 
 e. 0««mes— Surveyed all the boundaries. This township has a 
 Mgh and rolling surface, and may be rated as good, arable land. 
 
 Ticmity of which the land is stony and washed out. Probably 
 t niSfe P®' *^®°*' °^ *^® ^"^^ ^^ available.— 2'. Fawcett, 1881. 
 
 Bfl' 
 
 
48 Towmhips West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XV. 
 
 \ -m. 
 
 Suh-division. — The land is a little better than Township No. 
 6 to the south, and described above, "still the quality is only second 
 and third class, and fit simply for pasturage. No timber. — B, 
 Fajard, 1882. 
 
 •y. Outlines. — The soil is first class, and suitable either for grazing 
 or agriculture. There are several marshes in a diagonal line 
 acrobs the township from the north-west corner. — T. Fuwcett, 1881. 
 Sub-'iiviaion. — Open, rolling prairie. About four sections in 
 the noith west corner are partly covered by a lake and partly by 
 a lafge marsh. The latter producee good, long grasp, and furnishes 
 water fit to drink ; but the lake is rather muddy and its water 
 bad. Various smaller marshes, providing good hay and fresh, 
 water, occur. Soil, clayey and sandy loam, 6 to 18 inches deep; 
 generally first-class.— C. G. Steppard, 1882. 
 
 8. Outlines — The north has an infr>rior soil compared with the rich 
 soil of Moose Mountain. There are more stones than desirable. 
 The marshes are dried up, and there is a considerable growth of 
 cactus.— O J. Kloiz, 1881. 
 
 West and east— contains excellent loamy soil, and has a nicely 
 rolling surface. At the south-west corner several sections are 
 submerged by the lake. — T. Fawcett, 18bl. 
 
 Hvh-division. — High, dry prairie, with a gently-rolling snr- 
 face. Numerous hummocks cause the ground to be lumpy and 
 rough in places, and it is more or less strewn with stones. A 
 shallow lake in the south-west corner covers about four sections. 
 It is rather marshy on the north-west and south-east sides. A 
 watercuurse, wiiich was dry in September, runs from the south- 
 east margin of the lake in a north-easterly direction to the SooxiB 
 River, wliich crosses Section 86 diagonally from north-west to 
 south-east. No timber. Soil, 8 to 18 inches deep, with sandy 
 loam or ht^avy clay subsoil ; chiefly first and second class. — O. G. 
 Sheppard, 18>**2. 
 
 9. Ow^Z/w^s— Generally along the north and east the surface is vei^ 
 level and dry ; a tew fine hay meadows are located in the centre 
 of this township A large percentage of the soil is heavy brown 
 clay, which will make excellent wheat raising land. Along the 
 north the surface is hummocky and very rough in places ; cltiss 2. 
 Section 3-i is low and wet. A creek and several hay meadows in 
 Section 81. The north is best adapted for grazing purposes. 
 The east is rough and very dry. Soil, clay loam ; class 1. Section 
 18 has a very rich clay loam. There is a large hay meadow in 
 24.-7. G Si»g, 1882 
 
 Along the west the soil is rated class 2, being rough and of 
 a hard whitish clay. There are numerous cactus plants abont, 
 showing poor land. — A. C Talbot, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Undulating prairie, with no timber of any 
 kind. A large slough crosses the township from north-\»e8t to 
 south-east. The surface of the land is very hard, and stony in 
 places. Soil, 2 to 4 inches deep, with a clay feubsoii , third class. 
 ■ Warren, 1882. 
 
'nmnships West of Second Initial Meridian.— BangeT7. 149 
 
 Sorth" ?'.'?,',?:: tTao't'o'f Ld ""nr "fi?^ ^!| I^'"* to' 
 ^ar^A A 1 "'',""*^ ''™t.i 01 lanu. Ihe north is erood Drazino" 
 
 jLaau -, except feection 36, marshy land, classes 2 and 3 TVip 
 
 vervtcartlf SW^' k"'' I^*^ ^ ^^^ ^^^^^ «^^f*°«- ^^ter was 
 IKrvlVt?pfn^f? '''t^?"'"^"^"^ '^^^y *^° ^a^sl^es found 
 whol IL u^'i^®^' ^^^''^ ^^« but little meadow land but 
 
 11. OM^/me« -North and west-the soil is clayey and first class for 
 
 cultivation the surface being undulating, and having numerous 
 
 marshes and swamps, many chains in d ameter T^e wS^r ?n 
 
 '^±aTaTZ^2^'''^^ ''^' Plentifula^gld for^prst^/age" 
 
 East—level prairie, with a stiflT grey clav soil • class 2 Wafa, 
 
 from Moose 4w£r;r''r '5*' ''"'"t'''P' •>»* " "™ >>« "W^-^ 
 iTom moose Mountam in abundance.—/. G. Sing, 1881 
 
 undulating, with numerous marshes and swamps The wSerTn 
 marshes is generally pretty good. The gT^Ts plentiS anS 
 good for pasturage.—^. C. Talbot, 1882. Pientitui, and 
 
 East— level prairie. Soil, a stiff grey clav • class 2 Watar 
 IS comparatively plentiful. No wood.l/G'lw issi *'' 
 
 ^«6-(/p^s^o».-Is level prairie, with good clay loam soil • first 
 
 w S 'To'wCd'f f t '7- "f^ ?T^^^ ^^^ «-^^l Ss were me 
 I h » 1" °- -If ^^^''''^- ^°'^-^' generally 3 to 6 inches deeD. 
 ^- sT.n « ciaj- ouusuii.- juiiidii and Michaud, 1882 
 
 r^u^h'^r^^'^^^'M^'^^y ^'y P^^^i^' *l°^««t level and very 
 Toj#* ^ ^° '^**''' "^'^P* ^^ ^^^^^^* Creek on SecS 
 

 160 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XV. 
 
 82, where there is good water 8 J feet deep (June) and slow cur- 
 rent. There is very little alluvial soil, except in a few places, the 
 soil being almost all a stiff grey clay ; class 2. The southern 
 portion of the east side of this township is somewhat low and 
 marshy. Surface, generally very level, but rough, and covered 
 with hummocks. The soil, however, is good, as a rule, and con- 
 sists of clay loam subsoil with a few inches of alluvial soil cover- 
 ing it On Section 24, "Wascana Creek, a stream of slow water, 
 20 links in width and 8J feet deep, was crossed. The banks are 
 low and gravelly ; a few small boulders are scattered about here 
 "which can be used for building purposes. — /. G. Sing, 1882. 
 
 West — The soil is clayey, and class 1 for cultivation Surface, 
 undulating, with numerous marshes and swamps. The water ini 
 the marshes is good, grass plentiful, and good pasturage. — il. C. 
 Talbot, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — High, rolling prairie, generally dry, only one 
 marsh of any consequence having been noticed. Wascana Creek 
 crosses the north-east comer in a north-westerly direction. Its 
 banks are here from 15 to 20 feet high, and the stream itself in. 
 September, averaged 18 feet in width, with a very sluggish cur- 
 rent, if any at all. The north boundary of Section 9 and the east 
 boundary of 8, cross a deep gully, dry at the above date. The 
 ground is rather stony in places, the surface being also somewhat 
 lumpy and rough Soil, clayey loam, in places sandy or gravelly, 
 from 3 to 18 inches deep, with clayey or sandy loam subsoil; 
 chiefly first class, with some second. — C. G. Sheppard, 1882. 
 
 14, Outlines. — The first two miles of the south rinit of this township 
 is land of class 2 and 3 in quality, being alkc^Jne flats, with ponds 
 of bad water. From Section 13 northwards, the soil improves 
 very much, and changes to a fine clay loam with an alluvial soil, t> 
 inches deep, covering it, A few surface stones here and there. — 
 /. G. Sing, 1882. 
 
 West — the soil is clay, and class 1 for cultivation. Surface 
 undulating, with numerous marshes and swamps The water in 
 the marshes is good ; the grass plentiful, and good for pasturage. 
 —A C. Talbot, 1882. 
 
 Sub- division. — The north part is rolling prairie, with a few 
 marshes and ponds. The south part is level prairie and very dry. 
 Wascana (or " Pile of Bones ") Creek croi-ses the south-west corner ; 
 the water therein is fresh, but that in nearly all the ponds and 
 marshes is alkaline. An old trail crosses the township from north 
 to south. Soil, in the north part, a clay loam, about 2 inches deep, 
 with clay subsoil ; in the south part, a stiff clay, full of cracks, 
 with a hard, stiff clay subsoil ; generally second class — /. /. Mc' 
 kenna, 1^82, 
 
 X5. Outlines. — North and west — the soil is class 2, although of a fertile, 
 sandy nature. The ground is only slightly undulating, except in 
 the south, where it is more broken and has numerous small 
 marshes.— il. C. Talbot, 1882. 
 
Thwnships West of Second Initial Meridian.-^Ranf^ XV. 351 
 
 On the east the soil is excellent, being a rich sand and clar 
 cS w?' '"'^T .^«"shtly rolling, fn Section 25 WasS 
 Creek wa« crossed; it is a fine stream. 20 links in width and 2 
 leet deep, water fresh and good. The open ^onds of water are 
 
 direction across the north-east corner ; the land along its banks is 
 stony^ Soil, clay oam. about 8 inches deep (except in a few of 
 
 ^"^ h%"ra^p's^7ar2.!ir^^^^^^^ -*^ -- P-^« -<! 
 
 On the west the soil is class 2. and of a fertile, sandy nature. 
 The fiTound IS only slightly undulating.-^. C. Talbot, 1882. 
 
 The east contains excellent soil, being a rich sand and clay 
 W. covered with an average depth of 10 inches of alluvial soil. 
 lin m'> ° ^'""^^ ^^"""^ P^""^^' ^"^ ^« ^^«8^ »^nd good.—/. (?. 
 
 SM6-e//m-siV>».~l8 principally composed of good land, suitable 
 for farming purposes Soil, sandy loam, average depth 4 inches, 
 with clay subsoil. Good water can be obtained from the small 
 marshes and lakes met with throughout the township. No wood 
 of any kind. J. ./. Frawm, 1882. 
 
 17. Outhnes.-^On all the boundaries the surface is generally rollinjr 
 prame, without wood, and, in parts, inclined to be hilly The 
 soil IS a lair second class, and, in parts, has scattered pc-ds and 
 grass swamps Going west on the north line, a wet, rollinir 
 country IS entered with numerous small marshes, gi-ass swamps 
 and poplar and willow bluifs ; class 2. This continues for three 
 miles, when the prairie becomes open, rough and knolly, and the 
 ponds and marshes less frequent— T. Kains. 1881 
 
 Sub-division.— Yerj rolling and broken, With numerous 
 
 grassy swamps Small poplar covers about one-half of Section 
 
 t' ,?.^ I f- ^^?^H\ dimensions was found in Section 36. Soil. 
 
 aboutOorlOmchesPeep, withclay and gravel subsoil; second 
 
 class.— C. C. Duberger, 1882. 
 
 18. OM//mes.— North— rolling prairie, with numerous grass and wil- 
 low swamps, and poplar bluffs. Soil, clay loam, with clay and 
 gravel subsoils, class 2. A dry water-course crosses Sections 84 
 and 35, and a small creek the east of Section 33.— iT B Proud- 
 foot, 1882. 
 
 J +^^^*fe^®^^i ^^^^ ®^^* ^^® surface is rolling prairie, thickly 
 dotted with poplar and willows, and possessing an excellent soiL 
 ihere are scattered ponds and grass meadows. The C.P.R. crosses 
 the township.— T. Kains, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— RoWiuQ prairie, almost fintirplTr onvora/i •■nrifi. 
 scrub and groves of small poplars, which in a few years will prove 
 very useful to settlers. The C.P.R. crosses the south part. Water 
 
1». 
 
 162 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XV. 
 
 of fair quality was found in numerous small ponds McLean 
 Station on the west boundary. Soil, 10 to 15 inches deep, with 
 chiefly a clay subsoil ; second and third class. — A. Hamef, 1882. 
 
 Ouifines.— The north is rolling and undulating prairie, with a few 
 bluffs of poplar and willow in places. Soil, clay loam, with clay 
 subsoil, and mostly first class. The west is also rolling prairie, 
 with poplar and willow bluffs, but with numerous grass swamps. 
 The soil is clay loam, with clay sub? nl ; class 2. A small creek 
 crosses Section 7 ; it has a rapid cr nt. A lake is situated in 
 the north half of Section 18» Goo< ^ming land.— /f B. Proud- 
 foot, 1H82. 
 
 The east is rolling and undulating prairie, with a few scat- 
 tered ponds and willow swamps. A ravine runs through Sections 
 24 and 12, crossing the line three times in the former and four 
 times in the latter, and having a dry water course. — T. Kains, 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.-~lB high, dry prairie. Soil, a rich, clay loam, in 
 some places gravelly, and here and there granite boulders near 
 the surface. This townshi[), considering the quality of the land, 
 and its facilities for railway communication (being near the main 
 line of the C.P.R.) may be considered one of the most favorably 
 situated for settlement in the North-West. All the oven-numbered 
 sections, at time of survey, were occupied by squatters, who had 
 built small log-houses and made numerous other improvements. 
 The southern tier of sections in this township is dotted with 
 numerous groves of poplar, which will, for some little time, fur- 
 nish a fair supply of fuel to the incoming settler. The remainder 
 of the township is almost destitute of wood.— J. Mc Arthur, 1882. 
 
 Subdivision.— Except part of the southern tier of sections, is all 
 in an Indian Reserve. Open prairie, devoid of timber. Soil, 
 second class Sections 5 and 6 partly covered by a marsh. — J. 
 McArthur, 1882. 
 
 Outlines. — The north is high-rolling, open prairie, with numerou® 
 deep ponds and marshes. Stony on ridges Loamy soil; class 1- 
 The Qu'Appelle Kiver crosses the township and here widens into 
 what is called the Fishing Lakes. The soil is a clay loam.-—/. F. 
 Garden, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Principally rolling prairie, with scarcely timber 
 enough for the requirements of the first settlers. There are 
 numerous sloughs. The Indian instructor reaped the following 
 to the acre, from seed sown on the first breaking, viz : potatoes, 
 270 bushels ; spring wheat, 30 bushels ; and oats, 55 bushels. He 
 had also heavy crops of carrots, turnips, onions and other roots. 
 The portion south of^ the Fishing Lakes forms part of an Indian 
 Reserve. Soil, a sauuy loam, mixed with gravel ; first and second 
 class. — Clementi and Ileic-io'i, lb>8l. 
 
 Outlines.— The north is rolling and undulating prairie land. 
 Numerous marshes and ponds. Soil, black loam ; gravel on 
 
 TlrlfTiae • niaccoc 1 an/1 O C\^ i-l-.,-. -nrnci- ^^A />««4- 4-U,« ^»...»X>.tt in 
 
 --"O — ' * "••■•-<■ i" -w-ji tiic WccL a:xt^ caoL lux: Cuuhlx y i-~ 
 
 rolling and open, with a good clay loam soil and scattered ponds 
 and marshes, which are generally fresh.—J. F. Garden, 1881. 
 
 30 
 
 21. 
 
 22. 
 
7ownthip$ West of Seem. Initial Meridian.— Range XV. 168 
 
 Sv6-rfit;wt-on.-Surface very uneven and knolly, the knolls 
 
 S?i;^f ^'" on^l^*''^'' •"' 1" ^^^"^ ^"^ ^^^'' elevation «ddom more 
 
 w^i ?Jf ^^•^''* *°„^^ ^""* ^^°^« ^^« ^'Ij^^'^nt depressions in 
 which there is usually a small pond or slough of water, havring 
 neither outlet nor inlo Those ponds are mostly overgroWn witS 
 grass and bordered with a fringe of very small poplar or willow 
 in the east tier ol sections there are a few scattered bluffs of small 
 
 Ihe remainder ot the township is nearly destitute of wood. Owinir 
 to the irregiilarity of the surface, fields will in general be limite! 
 
 ilTJ"'^ ""^ ^T"" w "^f *° *t^ ^'T- '•'^^ ^'^^^^ ^^ th- ponds and 
 iZ^tl 'a ^ w ^?u ' ? *^® J'}^'^' *"^ ^« ^'^idway up the slopes. 
 Tery good ; but on the tops of the knolls and ridges it is poor and 
 gmvelly and in many places closely sprinkled with boulders, 
 Becond class.— J. A. Snow, 1882. 
 
 0«jf/i«w.-North-rolling to level land. Ponds and marshes are 
 numerous. Soil, clay loam, with some gravel and stone on ridges ; 
 classes 1 and 2. A trail crosses Section 82. The balance of the 
 
 ' !^r" /V" ""^f °' '"■f"''^ P''^*"^' ^^'^ a clay loam soil, except a 
 Mnge of heavily roiling or hilly prairie about the centre. A good 
 township,—/. F. Garden, 1881. * 
 
 Sub-divmon.—lhe north-east quarter has an uneven and 
 broken surface in some sections hilly, with deep ponds and 
 sloughs. Small bluffs of poplar and willow abound, the former 
 varying m size from one inch to three inches in diameter. The 
 north-west quarter is high, open, knolly prairie, with numerous 
 ponds having fringes of marsh around them. In the middle tier 
 «1 sections, from east to west, the surface graduallv falls towards 
 the south. The south-east quarter is nearlv level prairie, with 
 eccasional sloughs and marshes, the former being generally 
 Wered with thickets of small poplar and willows. The south- 
 west quarter is, m general, open, level prairie, with a few marshes 
 and ponds. Water in the south half of tne township was found 
 to be good ; elsewhere, some ol the ponds contained alkali. Soil 
 cJay, mixed occasionally with gravel, with clay subsoil ; first 
 class.— /.il. Amow, 1882. 
 
 Tt4. Outlines.— The north is rolling and undulating prairie, with some 
 JiiJly portions. In the depressions there are marshes and nonds 
 and there is a fair supplv of poplar suitable for fuel. The land is 
 well adopted for either farming or grazing—^. Brnfj 1«<81 
 
 Crossed diagonally by Jumping Creek, and somewhat in- 
 clined to hilliness, with poor soil in the south-east. Generally 
 along the west and east boundaries, the soil is a capital clay loam 
 and there is a good supply of fresh surface water. The wet lands 
 ©f the creek can be drained.— / F. Garden, 1881. 
 
 Sub-divtsion.— The north half is uneven prairie, except some 
 few^sections^ vyhich are rolling ; it also contains many bluffs, with 
 i^nuH in txicir centres. The south half is hi^h, open prairie 
 broken, and, in some parts, knolly prairie ; it contains numerous 
 I>onds and sloughs. A branch of Jumping Creek runs through 
 
 H 
 
154 'UnoitsAijtt Wett uj Second Inittal Meridian — Range XT 
 
 Sections 81, 80, 29, 19, 20, 21, 15, 14, 11 and 12, on either side of 
 'which stroum the bunks are invariably steep and irregular. Its 
 Valley varios in width from 10 to 40 chains. The .-rofk, in Sep- 
 tember, had from 8 to 20 inches of water, with a slow current. A 
 branch of the creek had its bod dry. The trail from Qu'x\ppelleto 
 Prince Albert traverses Sections 5, 6 and 7. The water is generally 
 ffood and soft. The bluffs contain poplar from 2 to G inches ia 
 diameter. Soil. 6 to 21 inches deep, with clay subsoil, gravelly in 
 the valleys of the (ireeks ; Krst class. — J. A. Snow, 1882. 
 
 25, Outlines. — North -rolling prairie, with grassy swamps, ponds, 
 bluffs of poplar and willow. Glass 2. West — rolling pndriei, 
 with numerous hay meadows, small marshes and poplar bluffs. 
 Section 7 has small boulders, the surface is very stony. A large 
 ravine runs through Sections 6, 7 and 18, it has high steep ban£r, 
 with a creek flowing in the valley ; these sections are greatly 
 broken by this ravine. Glass 2. East— rolling prairie; 
 numerous sloughs ; small bluffs of poplar. Soil, class 2. — H. 
 Carre, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division — Contains some fine openings of clear prairies, 
 with heavy bluffs of poplar and willow ; the former is sometimes 
 as large as ten inches in diameter. The land is generally desiiv 
 able, tht; only inferior quality being in the valley and along the 
 banks of Long Greek. Soil, first, second and third class— J. A. 
 Snow. 1882 
 
 26, Outlines. — The west is undulating p-airie, with bluffs of timber, 
 nuinerous small ponds and marshes. Glass 2. The east is 
 rolling prairie, interspersed with numerous small ponds and 
 marshes and bluffs of poplar ; the poplar averages from four to 
 eight inches in diameter. A cart trail and the telegraph line to 
 Qu'Appelie run through Section 1 from north to south Another 
 cart trail to Touchwood runs north through Section 12. Class 2. 
 —H. Carre, 1881. ^- - 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling country, with a large proportion of 
 dry, arable land The main trail from Qu'Appelle to Touchwood 
 Hills enters at Section 12 and passes out at Section 36. Sections 
 18 to bl, inclusive, are included in the reserve of Gordon's band. 
 Long Creek, a tributary of the Qu'Appelle, drains the west side 
 of the fownship. A dry watercourse in the north-west portion 
 will afford adequate drainage to that part All water found was 
 good, and there is abundant timber for ail purposes. Soil, firs 
 and second class. — J. A Snow, lf82. 
 
 27 A. 0«^/t«es.— North— rolling prairie, with thick willow and poplar 
 scrub. Soil, black saudy loam , class 2. Many marshes and 
 ponds. Trail from Qu'Appelle to Touchwood crosses Section IL 
 A lake occupies part of Section 8 and the Little Touchwood Hills 
 rise south and w^est from here, the next Section (7) having a 
 gradual rise westward. — E Devifle, 1880. 
 
 North— rolling prairie, interspersed with numerous marshes 
 and poplar h\\m^ and wiilow. A carl trail to Touchwood crosses 
 the north half of Section 11. A lake is situated in the ceniial 
 
27 
 
 ToufnsMpt Weit of Second Initial Meridian—Range XV 155 
 
 portion of Section 11. Two large lakes are situated in Section 8. 
 Gordon s Indian Boservo occupies the northerly two thirds of 
 Section i ; class '2.—H. Carre, 1881. 
 
 «rr,»lf^'''i'''*"^~'''''[^*^*' gently.undulating, with numerous 
 
 Z^l ^^n "''f "'o'^"'- ^^"""^ °^ «™»" Popi*^^ •»»<! willow ar« 
 common Gordon s Reserve takes in portions of Sections 6 and 7. 
 
 A sZw, im " "''°'*' ^^''^^ ^"P^"'- ^°''' ^"*' ''^^-^' 
 
 hnr^r^n7ur^^H ^^""l' r^*^ '?"^ P^P^*^' ^'"«w ^r««h and 
 A 1?V .^-^ ? .u «»»^^y,l«a°i ; cla^g 2. x^^umerous small marshes. 
 A lake intersects the east line on Section 24. The north half of 
 Sec ion 18 is occupied by a lake surrounded by a large marsh. 
 J^^^7./« wooded along the west shore. \ trail from WinniiS 
 to Battleford crosses Section 18.— O /. Klotz 1880 
 
 The ^"*;,f TS7 Indian Resenra 
 
 io!.f rf,K ^ ^^ ^ ^^'I proportion of land suitable for setUe- 
 Xi Ki^®'"®/'® scattered small lakes and marshes, and heve and 
 1880-81 "^"^ *°^°"^ "*^°^ ^^^""^ underbrush.-/. L. Eeid. 
 
 28. Outlines.^kW the boundaries pass over rolling prairie withscrnb 
 poplar and poplar bl.Js, with Scattered willow blush ; The i^p^ 
 
 S? f '^ *° ^'''t^^ '" diameter. Occasional marshes knd 
 ponds, and a sandy loam soil ; class 2. A creek 8 links wide. 8 
 
 «nrfr.vf®P' ^u''^ "T?*^'' '^^'^ ''^"«^t *»d *»«<idy bottom, fioi» 
 and L.^'°''?^ ^^'"^'^'^ ^* = *^^' ^'"'^^k overHows in this section 
 JnJ. I ^ ^^'S^Sr^^^y ^^l^^' On the west, some parts ara 
 W^Zr Ko^ ^^'fj^^^ occupies the south quarter of Section 1». 
 
 large lakes m the south half of Section l.-O. J. Klotz, 1881 
 «„^ £«f-«^^^'.«o«-Ti^ere is a great quantity of scattered poplar 
 and willow in this township, and rau-.h thick underbrush; but 
 alPO a fair proportion of laud adapted to settlement. There kre a 
 . lew small lakes and marshes.—J. L. Reid, 1880-81. 
 
 ^' wf/hitff ^?'* ?*^ east-rolling prairie, scattered over wilh 
 light bluffs 01 poplar and willow brush. Several large lakes and 
 marshes were crossed. Soil, sandy loam; class 2. The poplar 
 ranges from 2 to 10 inches in diameter, and is good for fcndn^ 
 and fuel purposes. On tne east the trail to Pelly crosses SecS 
 1, and a trail to Fishmg hake Section 18. A creek crosses Sectiott 
 «o. — u. J. Klotz, 1880. 
 
 Sub-division —There is a great quantity of scattered poplar 
 and willow in this township, aud much thick underbrush, but 
 also a iair proportion of .land adapted tu settlement. There are a 
 lew small lakes and marshes. Along the north the soil is class L 
 A creek runs through Section 88, taking its rise in the above 
 section ma marsh. A small crerk crosses Section 82, and another 
 pJd 1880-81 '°"" *^^ western portion of the township .-X £. 
 
 3S. Ow^/mc5. --North-gently-undulating and hilly prairie, with thick 
 scrub, scattered poplars and numerous marshes. Trail , - Quill 
 
 I 
 
156 lownships West of Second Initial Meridian.—Ran^e XV. 
 
 Lake crosses the west of Section 86. The eastern slope of the Big 
 Touchwood Hills is situated on the west half of the line, and is 
 thickly wooded. Poplar ranges from 6 to 12 inches in diameter. 
 The land averages class 2.—'E. Deville, 1880. 
 
 West— rolling land, with thick poplar, from 2 to 8 inches ia 
 diameter; also willow and hazel underbrush. Soil, light sandy 
 loam ; class 2, There are a great many small marshes. A small, 
 swampy creek, slow current and good water, was crossed in Sec- 
 tion 30. East — rolling land, interspersed with numerous small 
 marshes Soil, sandy loam ; class 2. Scrub of poplar and willow 
 brush ; odd poplar, from 2 to 8 inches in diameter. A creek, 18 
 inches deep, good water, medium current and marshy banks 
 crosses the south of Section 1 and the north of Section 12. 
 Another creek, 10 inches deep, crosses 24 and 25, course south- 
 east— O. /. JST/o^^r, 3880. 
 
 Sub-division. — There is a great quantity of scattered poplar 
 and willow in this township, and much thick underbrush, but 
 also a fair proportion of land adapted to settlement. There are a 
 few small lakes and marshes. — /. L. Reid, 1880-81. 
 
2 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OP FIFTH LMTIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range XVI. 
 
 Sd^'C^ ^^ l^' south half of Section 31. Some ^od hL 
 lands. Ihe country is good for farming purposes.-J. McLatclZ 
 
 verv^^onni'^l^'"^/"? heaTily rolling prairie. Section 1 is 
 Th7r,nrf7>;of? i-Q^'V^y 1°*°?' ^^*^ ^^Sht clay subsoil; class 3. 
 Ihe north half of Section 18 is gravelly; class 4. A lar^re nond 
 IS ^^ttuated m tb south half of Section li-A. O. meZflslT 
 towrf«Xt a""'- -fj»»,^^erabl« small hills are scattered over this 
 iaLp« i?h,-i?T'?"^ S^ "^^''^^ P^^«^"*« ^°^« «^ 1^«« ^ell defined 
 ^Hp^. Lvff • '' ^''ii'' ^'' township they are thros^n together in 
 ar^annaw?"- ^^^ l^"/!i« ^f ^ariablJ quality ; somf sections 
 Tha tST^ ■* n^.f ^' ^^'^^ °*^^^« a^e covered with boulders. 
 hnt Tl^U 'II I • *^1P°"^« in tli« southern part is strongly alka- 
 line, while that m the numerous marshes is generally frelh. The 
 
 Th;rri«Zwr^'''f '?'"'' ^.^-^^i^dto ^e impregnated with alkali. 
 loZ^i iZ^ whatever m the township. About 50 per cent. 
 «LiT.i' /^™^'"^f 9^«' 2. The soil alternates between 
 Sana and clay loams, subsoils, clay and gravel— C. P.AyUn, l^^\ 
 
 ■ ^^!iT~^}^ T-y'\ "^^^'""^ «"^^ ^*"y : ^^^y ponds and mLrshes 
 were mossed. Soil clay loam, and clay subsoil, stony in places - 
 classes 1 and 2. There is a pond of alkaline wkter in the north 
 ot Sectional. A large pond of fresh water occupies the central 
 portion of Section 81, it is many acres in extent.--^. 3IcLatchie, 
 
 in flJf \^i'* i' ''''u'''f *"*^ ^^"y *^® elevations ranging from 20 
 to 80 feet h,gh Ponds and marshes are numerous Soil, sandy 
 loam, with Jght clay subsoil ; class 8. Section 24, south half, is 
 
 ?!!r ^o^: . i A large pond extends across the north half of 
 Section 25.— A. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 n,i.l,%*'''''''?'"'pT'^^^' township is, in general, of inferior 
 quality much of It is covered with boulders. There are, how- 
 ever a lew sections of good land, numerous hay marshes and 
 small ponds of iresh water, but no wood whatever; class 2.-C. 
 r. Aylen, 1888. 
 
 OM^/e„es.-West-rolling, hilly, broken and stony prairie, with 
 many ponds and marshes scattered about. Soil, clay loam, with 
 clay subsoil ; class 2.-/. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 East— hilly prairie. Several large marshes and ponds were 
 crossed. Soil, sandy loam, with light clay subsoil ; class 3. The 
 elevations rano-e froTn 4fi +r> (xa fncf ki^u a n wri _-#_.. -i..o« 
 
 iiub(hvmon~1he land in this township is uniformly ffood 
 being a sandy loam, varying in depth from 6 to 10 inches, with a 
 
158 Ibwmhips West of Second Initial Meridian. — Rangt XVI 
 
 clay subsoil, well wafered and coftiparatively free from boulden. 
 With the exception of two or three saline lakes ' 1 ponds, the 
 water is all fresh. 'Jhore is no wood whatever. Classes 1 and 2. 
 —a P. Aplen, 18.H3. 
 
 4. Outlines. — The north is undulating and rolling prairie. Sections 
 36, 85, 34 and 33 are partly low land and have patches of cactus 
 growing upon them. Long Creek crosses the line several times, 
 flowing across Sections 35 and 36.. Water good and fresh. A 
 large coul6e crosses the line three times on Section 34. An old 
 trail crosses the east ol Section 33, and there are cwo other coulees 
 in 31. The west is rolling, broken, hilly and stony prairie, with 
 a great many ponds and marshes. Soil, sandy loam, with sand 
 suDsoil; classes 2 and 3. — J. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 The east is rolling and hilly. Several large ponds and marshes 
 were crossed. Soil, sandy loam, with light clay subsoil ; class 2. 
 Long Creek crosses Section 25 from north to south, 4 feet deep, 
 current slow. A cart trail crosses Section 24. A small creek runs 
 in a valley in the central portion of 12 ; no current ; water in 
 ponds; banks £0 feet high — A. O Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 Sub-division. — The laud in this township is medium, with 
 small tracts of more than average quality. A good many boulders 
 occur ^ the top of the ridges, but the slopes are generally free 
 from stones. There are numerous ponds, all of them fresh ; a 
 great many hay (marshes oi small size ; an abundance of coal, as 
 well as a few small poplars in a ravine, which opens from the 
 coteau, none exceeding inches in diameter. Eighty per cent., 
 class 1 ; the remainder, class 2. — C. P. Ai/len, 1883. 
 
 ■S. Outlines. — Long Creek, which crosses the south end of this town- 
 ship, at the south-east corner, expands into a lake, about a mile 
 long. The greater portion of the surface soil, north and east, 
 appears to have been washed away, leaving a hard, sun-dried 
 clayey surface, scattered over with pebbles and boulders, which 
 lie on the surface where the surface soil is gone and are embedded 
 where it remains. The grasses which grow on this land, how- 
 ever, are very nutritious. — T. Faivcetl, 1881 
 
 Thf3 west is rolling and undulating ; stony in places. Soil, 
 clay loam, with clay and sandy subsoils ; classes 2 and 3. Cactus 
 in Sections 19, 80 and 81. A large coulee crosses the south qua^ 
 ter of Section 6. The Long Creek crosses the north quarter of 
 Section 18 ; water good. A large slough also crosses the line in 
 Section 18, also an old cart trail. The laud is low in this section. 
 — /. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.- worthless, from an agricultural point of 
 view. In some plav. ^s there are nutritious grasses, but there is 
 no soil, only a sun-dried clayey surface, scattered over with boul- 
 ders and pebbles. Long Creek runs across the south-west of the 
 township. No timber.— jG. Fafard, 1882. 
 
 6. Outlines. — A branch of the Souris River crosses this township. 
 !North and east, the greater portion of the surface soil appears to 
 have been washed away, leaving a hard, sun-dried, clayey surface, 
 
s 
 
 Tranships West of Second Initial MeridiaH.-^ Range XVI 159 
 
 ^«*w wJ/if "^'^^ P' M^^"' ^"*^ ^°^^^^^«' ^^lich lie on the sup- 
 ??«r»^ the upper soil is gone, and which are embedded wheS 
 
 llh ?"^'' T'T ^k '"^'''^'^ ^^^^ ^f Section 7. A long, na^ow 
 ^ough crosses the line twice in Section 31, and extends nearly the 
 whole length of the section.-X McLatchie, mi. ^ 
 
 Sub-division.— The only parts of this township fit for settle^ 
 Sluvidlfrwr \'''^ ^f" '^' l^' ^^-« there Ts^sixinche^^^^^^^ 
 
 level Dra^i.: -^^ ^^'^' ""^7 '""^T^' ^^^^ °t^«^ P^^tions are 
 levei prairie, ooil, sand and gravel, with a little ffood erass in 
 
 TrStTissi "'' '^"^ ^l-s\nality. No timber o^f any S.^ 
 
 7. Outlines.— The w^est is undulating prairie : dry poor and lumnir - 
 «ome cactus. At the south of thil townsh p i^^e L'ght of laid 
 dividing the Coteau du Missouri to the souia andihe SomS 
 P ains to the north, and forming the watershed o? the SoS 
 
 nor\h:wtrS/;t:f,'88?' *'^ ''"^ '^^ ^^^^«^' ^^^^^ 
 Svb.division.-Leyel and rolling prairie, princ! .ally hard 
 
 mostWriir'^#'"'^r;i'^'''^^ 2«^^3. Considerable stonev 
 mos y granite. Very little water ; there are a few ravines with. 
 
 a poor qual ty but fair water was found on Section 13. Veiretar 
 
 SuIn^froSs*' K^ F\'' °^'"'° '' ^^*^*^-« ^^^^ weather^^nA 
 irequent Irosts. Jso timber whatever.— 3'. 5. Gilliland, 1883. 
 
 0^j/tV.e5.-Along the north the country is very level, but rough 
 and hummocky, and covered with a veJy stunted vegkatiou X 
 
 acres m area 1 he Wood Mount am trail crosses here. On Sectioa • 
 82 IS .Maple Creek which is only a succession of pools of wate? 
 
 line 11 feection 30, on the border of which there is some wood 
 couMsting oi m.ple, a.h, oak and cherry, and also aTuzPrTant 
 ^wth of hops superior to cultivated ones, both in heightTd 
 8ize. Ooing father sou h a number ot watercour5?s iverS 
 crossed, but th.y were all diy.- O J. Klo'z 1881 ^^ ^ ^^"^^ 
 
 ♦I,, ^^f east is crossed by a marsh extending from the lake at 
 
 hin Th!T' T^'V^ri' '' ^^« western bo^midary of the town- 
 ship. 1 he land north of the marsh is of excellent quality, while 
 
 T^:x^:'' '' '^^"^^'^ ^^^^"^^^ ^^^-'^^ --^•~ 
 
 r.lli±*:fi!S:r??.l?^*^,^^d south-west portions are high. 
 Ta^""# r --ir'-^^^ i^iaxrio ; ine nortii and north-east parts aie 
 
 marshes, which are qmte>tensive on the east nide of the town- 
 
160 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XVI. 
 
 ■*■ 
 
 :* 
 
 ship. No living streams occur, except Broken Shell Creek, on 
 Section 81. There are numerous ponds in the marshes, and a 
 small portion of quite a largo lake occupies parts of Sections 18 
 and 14 The water in the lakes and ponds is strongly impreg- 
 nated with alkali. There are numerous dry watercourses, and 
 the ground is opened up in cracks and deep fissures, indicating 
 the action of much surface water in spring, of extreme drought 
 in summer and of frosts in winter. No timber. Soil, on the 
 high land the ground is hard, being a mixture of sand and gravel, 
 and having no alluvial soil, with much cactus growing all over ; 
 the herbage being scant, dry, and in patches ; on the low ground, 
 the surface is a light clay, 6 inches deep, with a stiff, blue clay 
 subsoil, covered with poor pasturage, chiefly spear grass or wild 
 oats. Classified second and third, with some fourth, class. — H. 
 Lowe, 1882. 
 
 9 Outlines. — Rolling prairie. Section 86 is level, rough and baked. 
 Soil, clay and sand loam ; classes 1 and 2. Large marshes were 
 crossed on Sections 88, 84 and 81. East— the soil is rated class 
 2, being rough and of a hard whitish clay. There are numerous 
 cactus plants, showing poor land. — A. C. Talbot, 1882. 
 
 Westwards, the surface is level and the soil is rather dry, 
 lumpy, rough and inferior. The central westerly third of the 
 township is occupied by a large marsh.— O. J. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Open prairie, generally undulating, with uo 
 timber whatever. A few ponds and hay marshes occur, but none 
 of them are of large size. A small lake occupies parts of Sections 
 8, 9 and 16. Its water is very muddy and somewhat alkaline ; 
 there is no outlet. A slough or watercourse occurs in Sections li 
 and 18, extending into the adjacent township. J.t had no current 
 in September. The surface of the ground is very hard. Soil, 
 from two to nine inches deep, with a clay subsoil ; third class.— 
 /. Warren, 1882. 
 
 "10. Outlines. — North — ^rolling prairie. Soil, clay loam ; class 1. A 
 large grassy marsh extends through Sections 83, 32 and 81. 
 North-easterly two-thirds of Section 32 is completely submerged 
 by this marsh. Eastwards, the soil is clayey and first class for 
 cultivation, being a little undulating, and having, here and there, 
 marshes and swamps many chains in diameter. The water of 
 these marshes is generally fairly good, and grass is plentiful and 
 good for pasturage. — A. C. Talbot, 1882. 
 
 The west is level prairie, consisting of an inferior soil which 
 is dry, hummocky, hard and re igh. — O, J. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Sub'division. — The soil is a fine, loamy clay, of first class 
 quality. A large marsh crosses the township diagonally, all 
 around which a large quantity of hay may be cut. water 
 throughout the township is fresh and gocd. Except for the 
 entire absence of wood, this township is admirably adapted for 
 settlement. — S. L. Brabazon, 1882. 
 
 11. Outlines. — North and east — the soil is clayey, and class 1 for culti- 
 vation ; tb^ surface being undulating, with numerous marshes aud 
 
I 
 
 Township, West of Second Initial Meridian.--.Range XVI. 161 
 
 crossed by f kr^ehaf marsh S' '°"'^ ^^°*^^"'' ^ aud'oare 
 
 stretches Lm the soItW' of ?i7 to ""' ' '''^"•. '^^'« ™^^«1^ 
 west for several miles co?«rinrf t°wn«l-P. and rans north- 
 
 The alluvial son here is 1^^^^^^^^ '^T""'^^ thousand acres. 
 
 useless.-^. C. Talbot itlT^ ^ ' ' '"^ '''"'^ i*^*«««' ^^ is 
 
 loam?:iari. "ItfcjISf '"^ -"^ /--. Soil, clay 
 
 partofthenorthqrrer^fteio^io '""i^ ^''i deep, occupi^ 
 
 ■ half of Section 18 A W r k I ^",4 ^^^^ whole of the soutlv 
 
 for many mUes. and ienf4 o^^^^^^^ ^"/^^ '^'' ^^^ ^^^ 
 
 from V tb 5 feet deeo «nTlL ''°''^^''°^^^^^^ff«iakes; water 
 
 tion of Section 18 !fA?7 fe^sTl"'"^'" *^' remaining por! 
 
 alluvtSrwU Wla^^^^^^^^^^ T*^ i-- 3 to 6 inches of 
 
 land. A lar Jhav 'S°,r • ""^T'^' ^^^ ^^ first-class farmiiS 
 township. Ihie^is no wnn^' 'V^\ south-west quarter ofZ 
 be had a^ny wheie! a rde'SteromV to T^r\ .^^^ water c^' 
 
 "'• sTwiy! 71; i;:!^"Sr '^•^'"^^^^ P--' with a 
 Section 82.and a smaLr oTe on sT' '' ^I'l^' > °^^^«^ ^^ 
 prairie. Soil is a heavy c?av loarn .lo ^^^^T^^^^^V" ^^^ l^^el 
 
 water in fhe mSshr Lo^7T. °""^''°", """^ ™''"'P«- The 
 »rage is e.ceS.-^ feo'',! fssT " '""""^"'' "■"^"'' P"'" 
 
 ing pttS:"°5^tri;VJJ:d' iw r" t" «•,??""» <•<"'— 
 
 inolies in depth, with a nuf ?^« ^'^ '"5!" ^'"'^ ''^ '" twelve 
 
 tral portion of Section 31 is low and ZJ ' m! J^^ ''®'^" 
 
 scarce; good farming land tk^ . u ^^. ^ood; water 
 
 good for cultiva™^the surface ?s.Tl w' ^ "^"5;!^^ «°'l' ^^^ 
 marshes and swamDs Th?^t? • ^audulatmg with numerous 
 
 grass plentifu™7c. TMoTim"" "'"" '^^''^'' '' ^''^ ^^^ *^« 
 
 soil, "^te^d'mt't" rX"'Sh^"^*\ ^ }'''^ ^'^y 1-- 
 fanning generaUy ;Vut tt^e tZ IJUtfj^^!^^. -<^ - 
 ^uree mai'^iies on Sections 7 and 6 :"and "n^w^.^^ !l^^*^^'^T,^./l'^ • 
 
 1881. 
 
 and no wood. — 4. C. 
 
 TTeftft. 
 
162 
 
 Towmhips West of Second Tnih'al Meridian. — Range XVI. 
 
 Sub-division. — Boiling prairie, with no timber of any kind. 
 At the south-west corner is a large grassy marsh, with good fresh 
 water, that covers an area of about 1,300 acres The south-east 
 corner is crossed by a cart trail leading from Wood Mountain to 
 Qu'Appelle. The surface of the land is, in some places, lumpy and 
 rough, in consequence of the numerous crevices. Soil, about 
 eighteen inches deep, with a dark clay or clayey loam subsoil ; 
 first class, with the exception of about two sections in the south- 
 west corner — C. O. Sheppard, 1882. 
 
 ■3ML Outlines. — The north is level prairie ; good hay and wheat land* 
 Alluvial soil, from 1 to 8 inches in depth, with a clay subsoil'; 
 class 1. Eastwards, the soil is clay, and class 1. The surface is 
 undulating, with numerous marshes and swamps, "^he water in 
 marshes is good, the grass plentiful and good for pasturage. The 
 only important stream is Wascana Creek, which crosses this town 
 ship from south-east to north-west ; where crossed it was about 
 1 chain wide and 3 or 4 feet deep, without any sensible current. 
 The numerous marshes here are good for first settlers, as they gu^ 
 plenty of good hay, suitable for wintering cattle. There is no 
 wood to be got here, it must be got from the Squirrel Hills, or 
 from Township 8, Eange 16, where there is a fine clump of wood, 
 mixed poplar and maple. — A. C. Talbot, 1882. 
 
 The west h rolling or undulating prairie. SoiJ, a heavy clay 
 loam. Good farming and wheat land. "Wascana Creek was 
 crossed on Sections 19 and 80, flowing north-west, and also a tri- 
 butary of the same stream a little further north. No wood.— 
 A. a Webb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Boiling prairie, with no timber. The northerly 
 
 , portion is drained by several shallow coulees, trending in a 
 westerly direction, while the south and south-west portions are 
 traversed by "Wascana Creek, which runs in a north-westerly 
 direction across Sections 11 and 10 ; its banks are from twenty to 
 twenty-five feet high ; but this height gradually diminishes till 
 Section 17 is reached, at which point they disappear altogether. 
 The stream's width, here, in October, was from 30 to 40 feet, 
 averaging 3J feet in depth, with a slow current. A heavy fall 
 of raiu late in the season caused it to overflow its usual channel. 
 Soil, 18 inches deep, with a clay loam subsoil ; first class. — C. G. 
 Sheppard, 1882. 
 
 US. Outlines.— North — the soil is class 2, although of a fertile, sandy 
 nature. — ^The ground is only slightly undulating. East — the soil 
 is also of a fertile sandy, nature. The ground is only slightly 
 undulating, except in the south, where it is more broken, and has 
 numerous small marshes. — A. C. Talbot, 1882. 
 
 "West — flat, liummocky prairie ; some parts are rolling. Soil, 
 good strong clay ; class 1 ; well adapted for wheat growing. A 
 ravine,— about 12 feet deep, with a creek, flowing east, crosses 
 Section J.8. Section^6 has a rough surface. — W. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— 'The north part is roiling, very dry prairie, 
 with the exception of a few marshes and ponds. The south 
 
Tltenshipt West of Second Initial Meridian.—Rtmge XVI. I6ft 
 
 cracjcs, with short grass growing on it. Water m this townshin 
 18 mo8t.y alkaline Soil, in the north part is a clay loam Sut § 
 inches deep, and in the south part^a stiff clay. Th^ subsoil 
 
 rolling praxrie A large ravine breaks the south-west half 5 
 
 i^il Zk?- ^'^'^ ^'""^ 'r' *^'°^ff*^ *h« °«^t^« of Th s ravine 
 £ f nf^i r''*^,'' ^°r.' '^*'«2. AcreeR crosses the north-wesi 
 
 Th« IiirJ^'^*'*7*'1- llf^*"" ^' ^^^'^ °f a fertile, sandy nature. 
 The ^ound is only slightly undulating.-^. C. Talbot, 1882 
 1.^ /^"^•^^"'"'^"•--About three-fourths of this township is good, 
 level farm ag land, with an alluvial soil of about 6 inchl^ 
 id h' K l*y «^^^«°il- . The remaining portion of the townlhS 
 ^hrlt.u'''^^^ ^l l*^^"««- ^ fresb* running stream p^e? 
 wT h \^'? 'V* *¥ township, with banks from 60 toToO 
 feet high. No timber of any kind.-/. /. Francis, 1882. 
 
 Class J. The east IS treeless rolling prairie, with occasional hUlv 
 
 ^ 1 Z'T;^''^ ^'a ^^^^'•^PT^d ^'th some grass swamps ThI 
 soil IS a fair second class.— r. ^atiM, 1881 
 
 tn h« «1'^""^ '■°"?^ 5?^ nndulating prairie. Soil, fair, inclined 
 to be B^dy ; class 2 No wood nor water.- TT. Pekrce, 1881. 
 
 nnn^f ;f*?"'"*\;^'*^/*''^'*^°"&^ ^^*^e^ «tony ; some small 
 
 1«. 0«m-nc5.-Tlie northern features are bluffs of poplar. wiUow 
 swamps and glades of prairie, with an alluvial soil. 10 to 12 
 inches deep, on a clay subsoil ; class 2.-L. Bolton, 18^2. 
 
 r.«r.^ 7®^m/^ l^^n^^'i^ ^^ undulating prairie, with many 
 popxar and willow bluffs, ponds and hay swamps. Round Hill 
 valley is situated in Section 19 ; it falls gently to the north The 
 aouth quarter of Section 80 is broken bf a laU lake and slough 
 
 i^Sf i^rl'^'^'""'-?^^ '^^*'°^ *° *^^ south of Take. AlargepoSd 
 about 16 chains wide, is situated in Section 31.- W^ Pearce, 1881. 
 
 «n«i ^^ -^r*^®^^""/*"®^^ rolling prairie, thickly dotted with 
 poplar and willows, and possesses an excellent soil. Scattered 
 
 Sat^ ll^r ""^ ■ ^^^ ^'^■^- °'^''^' *^^« township - 
 
 S«A-rfm«o».— Rolling prairie, with numerous poplar bluffs 
 supplying abundant fuel, and hay swamps in the north portion 
 the south part is almost all open prairie, with email scrub. The 
 Canadian Pacific Railway, with McLean Station on the eastern 
 
 Dounaary. traverses the south Ttftrfinn S/iii o./»«-.-»ii — e j 
 
 qualitv, being a rich, sandy loam, with a subsoil of clay: first, 
 second and third classes.— 4. HameL 1882. 
 11** 
 
X64 Thvfmhipn West of Second Initial Meridian.^Ramge XVL 
 
 19, '^Outlines. — The north is? cently-rolling and level prairie, with 
 occasional poplar and willow blufl-j ; a great many sloughs were 
 crossed. A cart trail crosses the west half of Section 38. Sections 
 81 and 32 are stony. A small creek, 10 inches deep, no current, 
 crosses Section 36. Soil, heavy clay ; class 1. — L. Bolton, 1882. 
 
 West — high, open prairie, thickly dotted with bluffs of poplar 
 and willow, scrub and grass marshes of small extent. Soil, clay 
 loam and clay subsoil; class 1. The main cart trail to P^ort 
 "Walsh and another old trdl crosses the line in Section 81. — W. 
 T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 East— rolling prairie, with poplar and willow bluffs, and 
 numerous grass swamps. Soil, clay loam, with clay subsoil; 
 class 2. A creek crosses Section 12, 12 inches deep, r: -^id current, 
 and grassy banks. A large lake is situated in the noJh half of 
 18. This is a good farming district —A. B. Proudfoot, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — The southern part is interspersed with groves 
 of poplar, some of it being twelve inches in diameter. The 
 northern portion is nearly destitute of timber, consisting of high, 
 rolling prairie. Soil, in some places, alluvial, but, in many, light 
 and gravelly, and intermixed with small granite boulders. Some 
 of the sections were, at time of survey, already taken up by 
 squatters.—/. McArthur, 1882. 
 
 80. Outlines. — The south-west is a rolling country, with numerous 
 bluffs of poplar and occasional ponds. The soil of the west line 
 is of good quality, being a rich loam on a clay subsoil. Orood. 
 agricultural district. — W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Sub-aivision. — Almost the whole of the three northern tiers 
 of sections and the extreme eastern ones in this township are 
 included in Indian Reserves. The southern portion, which is 
 sub-divided, is thickly dotted with groves,pf poplar, varying from. 
 1 to 12 inches in diameter. It is a very desirable locality for 
 settlement, and at time of survey all the even-numbered sections 
 were taken up by squat ^^rs, w!io had made numerous improve- 
 ments.—/. McArthur, 1882. 
 
 81. Outlines. — The Qu' Appelle Eiver crossesthe township centrally east 
 and west, in a valley varying from 200 to 300 feet deep. There are 
 scattered trees in the valley and in the ravines leading to it. The 
 soil ?s a good clay loam and will make good agricultural land. 
 South of the Qu' Appelle is an Indian Reserve. — .7. F. Garden, 1881. 
 
 Un the west it is high, dry and opien prairie. North of the 
 Qu'Appelle valley the soil is a good clay loam on a clay subsoil. 
 G-ood farming district. The portion of this township south of 
 the Qu'Appelle is in an Indian Reserve. — W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Sub-dcvision. — Rolling prairie, well watered by the Qu'- 
 Appelle River, which has an average width of about 75 feet and 
 depth of about 8 feet 6 inches. There being no drift wood, and 
 very few rapids, a small steamer might run with care from Range 
 21 to the foot of the Fishing Lakes. The river and lakes abound 
 
 river, and which is well timbered, is included in an Indian 
 Reserve. Soil, two-thirds first class, the remainder third and 
 fourth. — dementi and Hetcson, 1881. 
 
n«,n.Mp, Weu qf &coml Initial MeHdi«,.-lUm^ XVI. leg 
 
 " wtra toZl.lT'T?''^'?' '"Uing prairie, with a good oW 
 wen Jpt^t^S'^^^^^^^ is Uall? 
 
 tL.p.0;; Im "'^ '='''' '»""• "'v ™''«'ii; cia.8 i._jr. r. 
 
 pondf»1''£:i^°r;i.?"'''8 prairie, almost entirely free from 
 
 face is sS y ^Ten wUh Tl """'" T *r ?f ''""""^ tl*' ™" 
 does not iharSIe anTcisT ^,^ ''"^"'', • '"" '"« f«»"«e 
 with day subsdirir"?ir.-;.t'^Cr 1882 '■ " "'°''" '^"'^ 
 
 **• S^r^^ rnptrsiix%ir ^ 
 
 township the surf^ f. hillv .n,1 il!^'/™'!* »"d north of the 
 and alo^hs in^heX L^il^/SS mi""'""'" "'""'•• 
 
 Sif t HaS3 ™-^ --^-^ "S"! 
 water.inaUtheAh..rdtntlt^Vr:^-!:!rif,:^» 
 
 Se^irt\tkmerr%lrw'''r'' " '''"'Jr^- The land i" 
 
 5«J-rf«ym-o».— Surface knoUy and hillv • in «ll +1.^ ^^ 
 :rtenTorr S1^ ^^\'-r^i »^e oHhlS ^'l^a JSS 
 
 waf ^'=s hl''Z'ffls':;%^rijf^t'^iT5'fe:tir «?s^ 
 a.:w^eJZtTti'i^sS?j-j^!f^?¥^^^^^ 
 
 l4#* ""^ *^^ P"""^" ^'« bordered with poplar and willow. 
 
\\. ,1 
 
 166 Inumthips Weit of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XVl. 
 
 In Sections 88, 84, 86 and 86 are some largo bluflFa of poplar, of 
 snflBicient size to be useful for fencing. On the whole, the town- 
 ship is better fitted for grazing than agricultura. Water good and 
 soft. Soil, chiefly second class, with a small portion of first. — J. A, 
 Bnow, 1882. 
 SMS. Outlines. — ^The north and east consist of rolling prairie, with bluffs 
 of poplar and hazel undergrowth, there are also lumerous small 
 lakes and marshes. Soil, class 2. Section J 2 has small boulders ; 
 the surface is very stony. A large ravine, with high steep banks 
 and a creek in the centre, flows through Sections 1, 12 and 18. 
 It greatly breaks the land in the above sections. — H. Carre, 1881. 
 The west is very rolling and broken by marshes, but very 
 suiLabie forjfarming and grazing. There are occasional bluffs of 
 poplar.— -B. Bray, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — High, rolling land, with alternating prairie 
 and numerous poplar bluffs and willow thickets, together with 
 many ponds and lakelets. The main stream of Jumping Creek 
 takes its rise in Section 81, and runs diagonally to Section 1. In 
 its course it forms three large lakes, which cover an area of nearly 
 700 acres. Sections 8, 4, 5, 6, "7, 8, 18 and 19 are chiefly in an 
 open prairie, with numercus boulders, which stretches away t» 
 the west. The main trail from Qu'Appelle to Touchwood Mission 
 crosses Sections 4, 6, 6, 7 and 18. Worth-west of the creek and 
 the lakes no boulders occur, and here many fine farms may b» 
 made. Wood for all purposes is also readily procurable. The 
 poplar, with a few exceptions, does not exceed 8 inches in diam> 
 eter. Water is everywhere good. Soil, second and third class, 
 with some first.—J. A. Snow, 1882. 
 SMI. Outlines. — Except the south-west comer, the west part is in the 
 Touchwood Hills, and is stony land, covered with woods of poplar 
 and birch. Some of the timber in these hills is large. — E. Bray, 
 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Composed of Sections 1 to 12 inclusive, the 
 lemainder being included in the reserve of Gordon's band. These 
 lie to the foot of the Touchwood Hills, and are open prairie, with 
 the exception of Sections 1, 2, 11 and 12, which are very thickly 
 covered with hazel, willow and rose bushes. Small lakes are very 
 numerous. Timber abundant and water excellent. Soil, first 
 class. — J. A. Snow, 1882. 
 
 3^7. Outlines.— Vie west is rolling prairie, hilly in parts, with poplar 
 bluffs and scrub. A few sandy marshes were crossed. A mus- 
 keg lake is situated in the north half of Section 7. Large lakes 
 occur in Sections 6 and 7, along the line of the northern slope of 
 the Little Touchwood Hills. A trail from Touchwood to the 
 Mission crosses Section 6. The land rates classes 1 and 2. — E. 
 Deville, 1880. J^ 
 
 East — Rolling and broken prairie, with scrub, poplar and 
 •willow= Numerous small marshes and ponds. Section 24 is 
 greatly broken by small lakes. The Battleford trail crosses Sec- 
 tion 86. The timber consists of poplar and birch, and is £rom 2 to 
 
'Hfwnthipt West of Second Initial Meridian.^BangeXVh 16T 
 
 inklTwide '^i^ZT • ^"f underbrush. A watercourse. 6 
 L--0 A/o^z 1880 '^' ^"""^ ""**"'' "° '''"*^*' °^°«««« Section 
 
 .nr? fw;''*^''rr ^r^.'"®^ ^**^ * scattering of poplar, wiUow 
 
 Thii i« '^"'^''''^.'•'"^""P^^^"'^ ^i*^ lakelets and iTiXT 
 There are some sections we adapted for settlement Tfcl 
 
 -o,^STkT o^V^« Touchwood Hill^count^ ex1enr?nto A^ 
 south of the township.-J. L. Reid, 1880-81. 
 
 as, Ou«»ne5.— The north and east consist of loUiuff and level DrainV 
 with numerous small ponds and marshes, bfuffs o popliT 
 
 SeTer'^'^S'^f.' r^" T''«'' ^'^^ ^ *« « mX^n 
 aiameter. Soil, sandy loam ; class 2. Some parts are stomr a 
 
 large lake occupies the south of Section 24. Wafer not^ro^^'Tht 
 
 beach IS stony A large grassy marsh, wfth stony edgef^^^up^e^ 
 
 ''At:;^'i^o':' '^^"^^ ''■ ^ ^^^* *-^ --- «-^^- si:!! 
 
 Tho west is rolling and very hilly prairie, with eroves of 
 
 Sub'division.^The telegraph line and trail to the north-west 
 cross the township diagonally. The surface is rolling and covTiS 
 with a scattering of poplar, willow, and thick underbrush 3 
 
 suTdTAini '^'*' r^ T'i^''- Ti^«« *'« some sect tons Cu 
 suited for settlement.— J. L. Reid, 1880-81. 
 
 ■ ^^eZ'Z^,'^'^ *^^ ™*. ^'^^ "*"* boundaries, this township 
 ffi "•rl^V'**^''?^^ ^I"^ *°™^« *^« ^^terior, to be all rollSe 
 land, with thick pop ar, from two to eight inches in diametef 
 
 ?s a rir U^ ^""f underbush. The s^ as far as invest' gat^J; 
 IS a sandv loam; class 2. A great many small marshes wS 
 crossed, also some fair sized lakes.-O. /. Klotz, 1880 
 
 a^Sv~«t!?Th-\'i'''''*^7? ""^l* ^^^^ *^« surface is broken 
 f^rJ^i^'- u ^^'""^P "^"""^^^ ^^^^ poplar and birch from foiw 
 
 TouchloorH- n '"^ t'^'^r- ^^^'^ li^«« ^^« «it^*ted in the bS 
 Touchwood Hills. A creek, two feet wide, crosses Section 86 1 
 
 flZs i^h '" a'iT^'' ''^'^ ''' "^^ ^^ ^ "^^^«^ i^ SecSon 88 and 
 flows north. A lake covering many acres is situated in 81. and a 
 
 arge marshv lake lies in the central part of Secti( n 30 ThJ 
 land rates classes 2 and 8.-^. DeviUe, 1880 
 inchJs In^ii" rolling land, with thick poplar, from two to eight 
 LhfLi^/i '*^''i ^^'°o ^\H°^ *^^ ^»^^1 underbrush. Soil. 
 
 r«w.Tn/ T'/^^l- ?• ^^"5^ «°^«" °^*^^^«« were crossed. 
 A swampy creek, five links wide, four inches deep, slow curreS 
 and good water, was crossed in Section 25.-0 J,Klotz 1880 
 
 30 
 
 10 
 
 vU). 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDUN. 
 
 Ir ■,};■ 
 
 Eanoe XVII. 
 
 ©. Oi«//ine».— The north and west are undulating and rolling prairie, 
 with numerous swamps and meadows ; the land rates class 2, and 
 is fair for agricultural purposes. Theia are surface boulders on 
 Sections 81 , 82, 84 ard 1. The north half of 82 and the west of 7 
 are broken by hills ; the Souris trail crosses the former section. A 
 branch of the Souris River crosses 88 twice ; it is about two chains 
 wide ; an old cart trail crosses the same section. There is a large 
 Ikaline lake in the central part of Section 19 ; it occupies about 
 two-thirds of this section. A few meadows were crossed in 
 Sections 80 and 81. Soil, sand and gravel— C. E. Wolff, 1881. 
 
 The east is undulating and rolling prairie, stony in places. 
 The soil is a clay loam, with clay and sandy subsoils ; classes 2 
 and 8. Cactus is growing in Sections 24, 26 and 86. There is a 
 large coul6e in Section 1. Long Oroek, which contains good water, 
 crosses Section 18. The same section is also crossed by an old cart 
 trail, and contains a large slough, the land being low m the north 
 half.—/. McLalchte, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division — Is, generally speaking, better suited for pastur- 
 age than agriculture. Two- thirds of the township falls within 
 the Missouri Coteeu, and is much broken by valleys, lakes and 
 ponds (the water in the latter being more or less alkaline). Long 
 Creel .ra verses the northern portion of the township, and its water 
 is freah and good. No timber.— £. Fqfard, 1882. 
 
 •. Outlines.— The north and west are level and undulating. On the 
 north several marshes and meadows occur, but they are more 
 
 Slentiful in the west A dry creek, with water in pools, crosses 
 ection 32. Surface bould<>rs on Sections 6, 7 and 84. The Souris 
 cart trail crosses the south half of Section 6, and another cart trail 
 crosses through Section 7. Section 18 is broken by Long Creek ; 
 high banks on either side, and the stream is one chain wide. Soil, 
 sandy loam; surface hard and gravelly ; classes 2 and 8. — C. E. 
 Wolff, 1881. 
 
 The east is undulating prairie, very stony ; cactus is plenti- 
 ful. Soil, clay loam, with clay subsoil ; classes 2 and 8. There is 
 a large wet coul6e in the north half of Section 12. A large slough 
 occurs in the north half of 24, and another large one crosses the 
 line twice in Section 86, and extends north nearly the whole 
 length of the section. — /. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Level and rolling prairie. Soil, shallow clay 
 and sandy loam in the west part, and principally hard, gravelly 
 clay in the east, with hard clay subsoil ; stony in places ; classes 
 2 and 8. There is very little water ; a branch of the Souris River 
 runs through the south-west corner, but was not a continuous 
 stream in July; there were also a few ravines holding water 
 of very Jair quality. There was onlv one swamo noticed 
 
«. 
 
 ^^^»'^ip> We$tqf Second Initial MeriM(m.~RangeXYll 169 
 huhl\7d\^i2w^ °°?**^"?^ \«nr poor water. Vegetation very 
 
 '^' - f dassl^^' o?lit K f ""*"* r ^«^«^ «"<1 undulating, and 
 
 Wh and larTk ^^'^'o T"'^; *^« «"* of Section 82, (hivinff 
 <' gn and steep banks. Surface boulders were met with in fK? 
 
 "TteSs"""""" "■ ^"°'<^ -'HrdiroU't'onT! 
 ^ft,'!?".'"''u '' ""'dnlatmg prairie; poor, dry and IrnnnT. 
 W d^dtorX'So,!'"''^- V'^ •»».'» "'"■"l' "ih'Xfgl V 
 a/.St 1881 " ""'"" '^'°"' ""> *""« Plains -- 
 
 «?te7 dwtii^d ■;^"' ""J ™»i"S P^irio i »"il. principally hard, 
 
 ^erSi^Tamir^^"^^^^^ 
 
 ^il Hrl 5 '^''''P^' °^ "'*'"«^'''« "^ 8*- East-surfece level • 
 
 ^v4^ Jtbn 2r;iSnf "' i'^ T"^^.' r °* which meandels 
 Sll^r 1 ' ^^^^Pap\e, ash, onk and cherry aloni? its banks 
 Elsewhere along the line the watercourses were dry ^Wildhon^ 
 are abundant— O. /. KloU, 1881 ^ °P® 
 
 ^J^^-i^^f^:^, a,si. -Lr/:^?^ 
 
 brush This creek also crosses 6'ections .8 and 19 and 'occJe-'on^ 
 ally, along Its banks, there are trees of ash and elm from sTxTo 
 twenty inches in diameter The oarf fmil +« w a W^ ^ .^ 
 croBHes iSection 6.-C E Wo/f Xst °^ Mountain 
 
 S«A.rftmsion.--Eolling and broken prairie. The land i. 
 
 w'^bXtd, sdt sprL^'ZeTi^ P°onrSToIerT- 1" "" 
 entirelj free l.om alkali. % fine K "L^JfSi^he'tnk^ 
 of the creek, ,rom twenty to forty rods in width, composed of ^i 
 elm, maple ftnd willow, sufficient in nnnniU^r Jy^a r,^ "^ ^°^» 
 settlers with fuel and buildingSmbor^r^s^me've f SoT^J 
 the most part a mixture of clay, sand and gravelfto a deplh of 
 about SIX inches, the subsoil be'ing clay and^ gravel nZt^t ^1 
 ^uviui soil except m liie iiats ot the creek and its branches "tHa 
 surface of the high land is very hard and dry. and stonyl^'HiSy 
 
VJO l\jwmhipt IVest of Second Initial Meridian.— Rangt XVII. 
 
 places, the pasturage being light and parched up and much cactus 
 growing all over. From the numerous dry watercourses and 
 creeks, or fissures, it is evident that this country is subject to the 
 flow of much surface water in spring, and to the action of the 
 extreme heat of summer and cold of winter. The laud is not 
 adapted for agriculture, nor yet for stock-raising, there being 
 insuJQGlcient pasturage. Much loose limestone, in large blockts, 
 lying on the sides of the gallies, was noticed. Second and third 
 class— IT. Tiowe, 1882. 
 
 9. Outlines. — North and west— the ground is generally level, but 
 sometimes undulating and rolling, and may be ranked first dass, 
 the soil being a heavy clay loam, well adapted for wheat growing 
 and farming purposes, and well watered by hay marshes and 
 creeks. The Moose Jaw Creek runs through Muddy Lake, and is 
 60 links broad, with banks rising not higher than 40 feet ; it 
 flows into the Qu'Appelle River, of which it is a tributary. 
 Muddy Lake is about \\ miles in length by 1 mile in width ; its 
 wat«r is muddy and slightly alkaline. It is somewhat shallow, 
 and en the east side has a largo hay marsh running in a south* 
 easterly direction. On the south-east is a small belt of timber, 
 and along Moose Jaw Creek are a few patches of shrubbery suit- 
 able for luel only.— P. R, A. Bilanger, 1882. 
 
 The east has a level surface, and a dry mpy and inferior 
 i>oil. A large marsh occupies the east central third of the town- 
 ship.— O. J. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Open prairie, with no timber vrhatever. The 
 surface is very flat and low, and indications point to the proba- 
 bility of the whole township being under water in the spring of 
 the year ; but in September the land was quite dry and so very 
 liard that the ground was all cracked. There are three lakes 
 whose areas lie entirely within this township, and part of the 
 area of another, is included in the north part ; they are muddy 
 and shallow. A large hay marsh, which crosses the township, 
 takes up Sections 24, 26, 26, 27 and 34, all of which are very soft 
 and wet. There is a watercourse running through the 'dole of 
 the marsh. Soil, 2 or 3 inches deep, with a clay subsoil ; third 
 class. — /. Warren, 1882. 
 
 lO^ Outlines. — North and west — the ground is level, with undulatiJi^^ 
 and rolling prairie, and may be ranked class 1, the soil being t, 
 heavy clay loam, well adapted for wheat growing and farming 
 purposes ; well watered by hay marshes and creeks. Moose Jaw 
 Cretk crosses the south-west of the township and runs through 
 ' Muddy Lake, as described in Township 9. Going north, on the 
 west boundary, a small creek, flowing oast and having 8 feet of 
 ■water', crosses Section 6. This section and "T, 80 and 81 are 
 excellent, the other two are wet bottom lands, through which 
 Moose Jaw Creek flows. The alluvial soil on this and the north 
 line is about 18 inches deep on a clay subsoil. — P. R. A. B^langer, 
 1882. 
 
 The east has a level surface and a lumpy, dry and inferior 
 soil.— O. J. Mhtz, 1881. 
 
11. 
 
 •^ownshipt West of Second Initial Meridian ^Range XVII. til 
 
 Sub-division.— AH prairie, with the exception of a small belt 
 at the south-west corner, containing ash, elm and willow of small 
 diameter, adapted only for camping purposes. The south-west 
 portion is very low and flat, being cut up by a large marsh and 
 lake. The water of the latter has a peculiar whitish appearance as 
 if mixed with chalk or white clay ; it is very slightly, if at all, 
 alkaline, aj^d not unpleasant to the taste. The remainder is com- 
 posed of very level prairie. Soil, clay, 12 inches deep, with a clay- 
 subsoil ; generally first class, with some second and fourth.— P. 
 Burnet, 1882. 
 
 Outlines. — ^The north is nearly all level prairie, with a heavy day 
 soil, about 18 inches deep ani will make excellent wheat land. 
 There are some good meadow lands and hay marshes, and acroea 
 Section 86 there flows a creek of fresh water two feet deep, but \n^tli 
 an almost dead current. The west boundary runs over a very 
 similar description of land.— P. R. A. Beianger, 1882. 
 
 The east is gently undulating and level prairie. Soil, heavy 
 day loam ; class 1. A lake in the north quarter of Sectioa 24 is 
 of considerable extent, and contains good water. Section 13 is 
 entirely submerged by a lake of fresh water in the south quarter; 
 it is about 3 to 4 feet deep, and contains good fresh water. The 
 remainder of the section is covered by a large hay marsh, extend- 
 ing to east and west for many miles, and opening out into 
 occasional large lakes. G-rass in this marsh is long. Water from 
 2 to 6 feet deep. There is also a large marsh in the southerly half 
 of Section 12. Well adapted for farming ; excellent wheat Lmd, 
 with the exception of Section 13, which is too wet.~.4. C. Webb, 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.- -All prairie. The eastern portion is very muck 
 cut up by marsh and lake areas, the remainder varying from level to 
 undulating land. Soil, a clay loam 12 inches deep, with clay 
 subsoil ; lirst class.— P. Burnet, 1882. 
 
 1S8. Outlines. —T\iQ north and east consist of rolling and undulatiiiff 
 
 prairie. Soil, generally clay loam ; class 1. Creeks flow thrcraj^ 
 Sections 1, 12 and 13; currents slow; water good. A cart trail 
 • crosses Se ction 1. Excellent farming land, well adapted for wheats 
 growing.— A C, Webb, 1881. 
 
 The west is level prairie ; several marshes and low, wet 
 bottom lands. Soil, heavy clay, with clay subsoil ; class 1. This 
 is excellent wheat land.— P. R. A. Bdanger, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — The land, as a rule, is of excellent quality, and 
 well adapted for agricultural purposes. Soil is of a dark, sand and 
 clay loam, averaging in depth from 4 to 6 inches. "Water caa be 
 obtained anywhere by digging to the depth of a few feet. Ho 
 wood is to be had within 80 miles to the north-east.— DttnuMs amd 
 Michaud, 1882. 
 
 18, Outlines.— ThQ north is level prairie ; several marshes vrera 
 
 crossed. Soil, clay loam ; class 1. Excellent frrming land, best 
 
 adapted for wheat cultivation. The west is gently-rolling or levtd 
 
 , prairie ; some parts covered with rose brush. Soil, clay loam, oa 
 
 I 
 
mi 
 
 TI2 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian— Range XVII. 
 
 «n^«i^«}r^1?^'°'^-^'^^f^^'^°^^"y ^^^«^e8, which are gene- 
 tally smalL ho wood.— A. F. Cotton, 1B82. 
 
 The east IB Tolling or undulating prairie, with a heavy clav 
 
 fe.'w ♦?' ^?"^ °^"y.^^ '^^'^ cfassl for wheat and fILS 
 land but there is nc .urface water, except two or three marshef 
 «n Sections 12 and I, and no wood.—^. C. Webb 1881 I 
 
 Sub-aivisinn.-.m]mg prairie, with ponds or hay marshes" 
 growing hay yery thick and long, the water being Vrequentlv 
 fltree feet deep. Three-fourths of the tovrnship l pSbl^ 
 corered with water m ordinary seasons. Soil, heayy and g^d 
 SrafnaL'?£«? ^^^^p .^ th a clay sub-soil ; but without exffiye 
 
 i*. Outlines.-lHorth. and west is gently-rolling prairie, some parts 
 be^g covered with rose brush. There is a largh marsh inX 
 
 ilat cW '°'s^' if ^^" to^^«l»iP- Soil, a clay loam ; subsoil. 
 T^^te clay. Small marshes occur at interyals.--.i. F. Cotton, 
 
 -.!*««■?*" w''"'^''^^^"^, ^""^ '^,"^"S P^«"i«- Soil, heavy clay : 
 ^J'a J^''?^o?''?-"'".' *^"°"g^ the northern half of Sect4 
 
 * muddy bottom Another creek runs through the centre of 
 ISh°Ld VnA ^^^^^* 25 links wide, no current^ and its water ?« 
 
 . ^^i:^trc:webb%fr''' '^'' ^^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^°^-^-*- 
 
 95 «^*;if '''*'*^tT^''^."i*^^'^^ P"*^"®- The east half of Section 
 W^i ^f^ ^?" f ^'"^^^^ 27 are covered by a marsh, which, 
 Wever, contains fre^h water and produces good grass, ^ascani 
 S^27 ^na^fV^ ^ north-westerly direction through Sections 26. 
 Sw Z i'- ^^^"^T ^?'^^ ^*"^«' *^« ^«^d f^^ about a mile on 
 
 riipt\lf ^ '"^1 '^^i'' ^^'^' ^"^Py «^d ^^"gl»- Ii^ October, the 
 o^eek being swollen by recent rains, was from 40 to 60 feet wide! 
 jvith an average depth of 4 feet. Soil, 18 inches deep with a clav 
 
 anentioned.— C. G. Sheppard, 18b2. 
 
 ■ l^f!;'rbtlT?^ ^T*^ ^f '°'^'"A ^"^ ^*^«1 P^ai"e. Alluvial sci? 
 i^ ^^^ f.!^ '^''' 1 ; good for any kind of crops. A creek' 
 fl?Zl I '^'V^' '''"'T ^^^ ^^^« *^^«« *^°^^s in Section 81 ; it is 
 about 8 .eet deep. A cart trail crosses Section 31. WaLcana 
 Creek crosses the central portion of Section 36 ; it is 3 feet deep ; 
 
 ^ Vn^rnVtlf ^^ V^- ^r^ ^8^- ^t «^«^g^« through Section 
 «^« n n 5^ "^T^ '^ ^^""^^ P'^^"e- No wood in this town- 
 
 SIR ,-«^^{r?^*'i'T'°'""^y P'*'^^^ = th® south-east half of T oct-:<m, 
 86 is rolling. Soil is a good strong clay, class 1 ; well adai^teci fo? 
 
 tt^^iiSZlM- ^ T^"'^^^°"* ^2 feet deep, with a creek, flo. 'i^g 
 i; ' sinv?. 1 v' '"''*'" °^ '*' "°^^^'« the central portion of Section 
 fcection 1 has a very rough surface.- PT. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 ^y subsoil. Wascana Creek flows through this townshiD. Water 
 
 Mi. 
 
Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Ran^e XVII. 118 
 
 very good. Some good hay meadows. Classes 1, 2 and 8.-7. L. 
 *i6td, looo. 
 
 1«. 0«</t«€«.~The north is rolling and undulating; some places rather 
 aikalme. A creek m the west of Section 86 and a swamp in 83 was 
 the only water crossed. No timber. Classes 1 and 2. The east is 
 rolling praine A large ravine breaks the sou'h-east half of 
 bection 26, and a cart trail runs thiough the centre of this ravine, 
 fcoi! Tght, sandy loam; class 2. A creek crosses the north-east 
 Jia. t Section 12 three times, flows west. No wood. Very little 
 W&izi.— W. Pearce, 1881. ' 
 
 «^; ^^^^eralljr class 1 for farming purposes ; it is dry, almost level 
 pmrie, consisting of a deep heavy loam or clay loam. It is 
 watered on the west side by a stream, 40 links to 1 chain wide 
 *eet 2 inches deep, flowing into the Wascaua Creek. On the 
 •outh, the prairie becomes more rolling, and the south-east comer 
 la crossed by the Wascana, whose banks are 26 to 30 feet hixrh in 
 that place. At the same point, also, the soil is sandy for 10 c vine 
 Irom the eastern bank of the river. South of the Wascana 
 J^Teek the valley is occupied by extensive marshes, sometimes 3 
 feet deep and over. Throughout this part, the land, if noi sub- 
 merged, IS class 1. It is also well adapted for stock- raisinff. No 
 wood.— C. Des/ardins, 1882. ** 
 
 Sub-division— la fine, dry, level prairie, well adapted for 
 agricultural purposes. From 3 to 8 inches of alluvial .oil, with 
 clay or sandy subsoil. Several fresh running creeks were met 
 with. No wood whatever.—/. /. Francis, 1882. 
 17. Outlines.—^oTth and west— open prairie, rolling and level The 
 soil IS second and third class, being clay and sandy loam, mixed 
 m some parts, with fine gravel.— G. V. Ryley, 1881. 
 • v'^^j ^*? ^^ ^7' ^<^l^ing and undulating prairie. Soil fair 
 mclmed to be sandy ; class 2. Ko wood or surface water — PT. 
 JPearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— This township is rather stony, but, neverthe. 
 Jess, there IS a good soil. There are some small ponds of good 
 water. The surface is all rolling irairie. The township fates 
 classes 1 and 2 for agricultural purposes.— J. L. Meid, 1883. 
 
 . OM|'mes.--North— rolling prairie, ,vith small scrub, poplar bluffs 
 and marshes scattered about. Classes I and 1. West— open 
 prairie, slightly rolling on sarfar-e. No vyood, and very little sur- 
 lace water. The land generallv rates class l- 9. U. Ryhy 1881 
 The east IS rolling and undulating p- '"ie, with many poplai 
 and willow bluffs, ponds and hay swari Round Hill valley is 
 sitnatea m Section 24. It has a g, ntk descent towards the north. 
 Ihe south quarter of Section 26 i,* broken by a large lake and 
 slough. A cart trail crosses \hh sectior to the south of lake. A 
 large pond, about 16 ch-ivs wide, is situated in Section 36.— fT 
 
 Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— This township consists generally of rolling 
 
 prairie, with a number of potholes. In some places there are! 
 
 &w poplar blrffs of small freer ml willows. The soil is very 
 
 as, 
 
 ■'^»- 
 
174 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian— Bange XVIL 
 
 good, beinj^ black aud sandy loams, on a clay subsoil, nearly all 
 class 1. The surface water is excellent. The Canadian Paeifie 
 Railway crosses the township. Balgonie Station being situato 
 about midway on the line.— X L. Reia, 1883. 
 
 19. Outlines. — The south-west corner is o[)en, but the balance of tiw 
 township is covered with scattered clumps of poplar. The soil is 
 first class, being a black clay loam. — O. U. Ryley, 1881. 
 
 The east is high, open, bluffy prairie, thickly dotted with. 
 scrub aud grass marshes of small extent. 8oil, clay loam and clay 
 fiubsoil ; class 1. The main cart trail to Fort Walsh and another 
 trail cross Section 86. Bluffs consist of poplar and willow. — W. 
 T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — The general features of this township sure as 
 follows : — Undulating in surface ; black and sandy loam soils, 
 averaging 8 inches deep, on a clay subsoil, and rating through- 
 out class 1 ; poplar bluffs in nearly every quarter section, and 
 more dense in Sections 12, 10, 9, 15, 8 and 81, some of the trees 
 being as large as 15 inches ; potholes and ponds in many places. 
 —/. L. Reid, 1883. 
 
 -80. Outlines. — North— undulating prairie in the eastern two-thirds, 
 with good quality of soil, consisting of a rich loam on a clay sub- 
 soil. Sections 31 and 32 are rough, and contain a number of 
 ravines, with some bluffs of poplar. East — the south-east lies 
 in a rolling country, with numerous bluffs of poplar and ooc»' 
 fiional ponds. The soil is of an excellent quality, being a rich 
 loam on a clay subsoil. The whole is a good agricultural section. 
 W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 The west and south are covered with small poplars, except 
 intervening open patches. The land is ail roiling, and the soil is 
 all first class. There are occasional sloughs. — G. U. Ryley, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie. Soil, sandy loam, with day 
 subsoil ; class 1. A number of potholes and ponds were crossed ; 
 they all contained good water. Some poplar bluffs sufficient for 
 rails and firewood The north half of the township is in an 
 Indian Reserve. — J. L. Reid, 1888. : 
 
 ^1. Outlines — The north is rolling and level prairie. The north of 
 Section 32 is greatly broken ijy a large ravine running east and 
 west, with a meandering creek flowing through the centre of it. 
 A cart trail to Qu'Appelle crosses Sections 31, 32 and 88. No 
 wood. The west is greatly broken by large ravines and hills, 
 from 300 to 8t0 feet high. A cart trail to Qu'Appelle crosses S«B- 
 tions 18 and 31. The Qu'Appelle Elver crosses Section 18, flowii?;' 
 west ; the banks of this river contain good hay. A creek fioWs 
 south through Section 24, in a valley of a ravine 800 feet deep. 
 Classes 1 and 3. — H. Carre, 18dl. 
 
 East — high, dry and open prairie, north of the Qu'Appello 
 valley. Soil, good clay loam on clay subsoil Good farmiug dis- 
 trict. The south-east of this township, scuth of the Qu'Appelle^ 
 
 IB an Tntlian T?caoriro 11^ T* 'Vhnmnanf Ififil 
 
Smw. 
 
 3H. 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XVII. Vl5 
 
 Suh-division—RoWmg country, having sufficient timber ta 
 
 f>rovide the settlers with material for building, fencing and fuel 
 n the vallev of the Qu'Appelle there are large areas of hay and 
 pasture lands. The banks of the river, averaging 280 feet in 
 lieight, affora valuable shelter to stoc^ during the winter. In the 
 west portion is considerable brule and second growth poplar 
 Xiong Valley Creek traverses the west side of the township 
 emptying into the Qu'Appelle in Section 18 through a deep coullo 
 one mile m width. Sections 1, 2, 11, 12, 18 and 14 are included 
 m en Indian Reserve. Soil, cLlefly first class.— Ctemen/i and 
 jBMffson, 1881. 
 
 Oumnes.— The north consists of prairie. Sections 88 and the 
 north-east half of 34 are broken by a ravine and hills; a creek 
 flows east through this ravine. Glass 2. Good farming land 
 The west 18 rolling prairie. Several dry marshes wero crossed.* 
 Good farming land , class 2.~H. Carre, 1881. 
 . The east is high, dry, open and level prairie ; excellent farm* 
 -ing land. Soil, rich clay loam, clay subsoil: class l.— W T 
 Thompson, 1881. * 
 
 Sub-division —A level plain, with the exception of the part 
 traversed by Loon Creek, which is considerably broken, and a 
 amall portion of the north-west corner, which is somewhat roU- 
 2F -.nA i.^^ ^^ through which the creek runs varies in depth 
 &om 100 feet to 200 feet, and comprises some good grazing lands - 
 also, an abundarce of splendid water, there being two small 
 lakes near the northern boundary and numerous springs through- 
 out the adjoining ravines. Soil, in the level and rolling prairie 
 :ach and arst class ; on banks of creek, gravelly, stony and third 
 class.— C. E. Futon, 1882. o / j 
 
 Of/<«n^.t.— North-rolling prairie. Several marshes and hav 
 swainps were crossed. Class 8. No wood. West— rolling 
 praine, numerous marshes. A creek, flowing north, crosses Seo- 
 Jons 18 and 19, with steep banks on each side. The south-west 
 Jail ofSection 18 is greatly broken by this creek and its banks. 
 Classes 2 and 8.~H. Carre, 1831. 
 
 The east is open prairie, very slightly rolling and consisting 
 of a very superior soil— £. Bray, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— Fr&iriQ. The best land is in the south-east 
 portion, where the surface is level and the soil very rich. Loon 
 <^reefc traverses the township in a south-east direction ; in two or 
 three places it expands into small lakes. The water, though 
 fresh, 18 very bad ; but springs of good water may be found along 
 the banks of the ^r-eek. The land in the west poiiion is slightly 
 TOllmg, and the soil scarcely so good as on the east side. Soil 
 from SIX inchts to eighteen inches deep, with lay or gravel sub- 
 w)il ; hrst and second class.— C. E, Fitton, 1882. 
 
 pumnet.'^The north is generally good rolling land, with swamps 
 in a few places No wood. The east is open, rolling piairie, 
 ynth a^good soil, although somewhat broken bv marshes, nonds- 
 «0.—x;. i)ray, 1881. ' - x- 
 
V79 Tmonships West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XVII. 
 
 The west is rolling prairie, with numerous marshes ; most of 
 them are dry. A creek, in a valley 80 feet deep, runs through the 
 north of Section 7. A cart trail crosses the south-west half of 
 Section 6. Class 8 throughout.— if. Carre, 188 1. 
 
 Sub-division. — About one-third, including nearly the whole of 
 the east side, comains very many deep lakes and ponds, which, 
 however, are of small size, rarely exceeding 5 or 6 acres in area. 
 The water they contain is fresh, but unfit for drinking purposes. 
 Loon Creek passes through the western side in a southerly direc- 
 tion ; its water, though fresh, is of bad quality. The surface of 
 the country is rolling, and in some parts very broken and hilly. 
 It is all open prairie, there being no timber in the township, 
 excepting a few small bluffs of young poplar brush, surrounding 
 some of the lakes and sloughs. Soil, very gravelly and stony ; 
 generally second class. — C. E. Fitlon, 188-?. 
 
 25. Outlines. — North and west is rolling prairie, interspersed with 
 islands of principally second growth poplar, with willows and 
 ponds, both increasing in density and number towards the eastern, 
 boundary. Soil, principally sandy loam, with clay subsoil, 
 gravelly knolls, and in many places covered with boulders. The 
 south-west half of the township is open, rolling prairie, with some 
 shallow ponds. Soil, sandy loam ; clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. — 
 a F. Miles, 1882. 
 
 The east is very rolling and broken by marshes, but very- 
 suitable for farming and grazing. There are occasional bluffs of 
 poplar.— £. Bray, 1881. 
 
 Sub'division. — Remarkably uneven and hilly. The hills 
 assume all forme. On the tops of some there is a considerable 
 extent of level land ; but, as a rule, there is but little level ground, 
 nearly the whole of the higher land being occupied by the inclines 
 of the surface, and the depressions by small ponds and marshes. 
 These latter occupy about one-fifth of the entire area. The general 
 inclination of the surface is towards the south ; water generally 
 good. Soil, in the south-east portion, poor, gravelly, and stony on 
 the hill tops. The north-east part has better soil, with a good 
 show of grMs ; and here the ponds are surrounded by bbiffs of 
 poplar, some being large enough to supply fencing. Generally 
 second class. — /. A. Snow, 1882. 
 
 S86, Outlines. — The north is rolling and hilly priirie. with numerous 
 large belts of poplar and scrub of hazel, cherry, &c. Some of the 
 poplars are 10 inches, and the density of the bush and hilliness of 
 the country increoses going eastward to the Indian Reserve in the 
 Little Touchwood Hills.— .4. W. McVittie, 1882. 
 
 West — rolling prairie, interspersed with second-growth 
 poplar, with willows and ponds both increasing in density and 
 number towards the eastern boundary. Soil, principally sandy • 
 loam, with clay subsoil, gravelly knolls, and, in many places, cov- 
 ered with boulders ; classes 1 and 2. Cart trail from Fort 
 Qu'Appelle to Prince Albert runs diagonally from south-east to 
 north-west through this towiiship.— C. F. Miles, 1882. 
 
'Unships WeU of Second Initial 3Icridian.-Ran,e XVII. ItT 
 side fsl-^rd^t tt Co Jro^ Hir t- "^^^^^ o^ *^« e"t 
 
 bush, with a few small open SDa J« aTI'T ^"L^ " *^^°«^ ««iid 
 most of the eastern sectK ?n«l;«^ Inchan Reserve occupies 
 south boundarv. Th^uSr Xh*,-'''*v?'^ *^° ^^^^^ «f the 
 runningfrom8tol2inch^?n^lTam3 'M^^«% Poplar, is large. 
 of dead wood. The soS L nart t K^'i; ?''^ ^' ^ ^'"*^ ^^««*% 
 with gravel. In the norlh lll^ ^^""^ ^''*°'' ^^^ Partly sand 
 several half-breed settle also TT ""^'"'^^ ^^^ re«e4,^ 
 Touchwood Missions AsCiiereefrf'' connected with the 
 across the township in a so^?h w ! f ^I^^^ ^**«^ '"^ nearly 
 numerous sloughs au^smaHalT'T/ ^A'?'*^^^ ' there are al^ 
 through the to%,nsh^p xTa norTh w^f T'T" ^^^^'' ^^^^ ^^ 
 and 8._C. £. Pt«ori888 "^^'^^-^^^t^^^^y direction. Classes 2 
 
 ''•«-S^surfre7ar^^^^^ «^- - high, broke. 
 
 soil, on a gravellTsubioV^^^^ rich'alluvi^ 
 
 between. Poor. uLven and w«t i '^°''^h« and gravel ridges 
 prairie, having iumeroSs «««« Vf ^^'f ^^ . 7^^ ^««* i« ^^^^ 
 A small lake crosseTthe bo„n Jf. -^^^^ o and fresh water slou^ 
 Soil, rich near the sloughs bu^^^^^^^^^ ^"""^^ }?^ ^'^^ ^^^ west. 
 Class 8.-4. w. Mcnfueim ^ ^'^^^^^^ ^'*™^ **»«™- 
 
 Popla?bSa^/Sf 'At;"sSf ^'^'k^^"^ «* *^^ -^^h' 
 muskeg lake is situated fhni17 ? ^ ""^^'^^^ ^^^« «ros«ed. A 
 also several lakes around the ?a,?nfTS^ ^.S^^^^^^^- There are 
 which encroach ors.veral of 1^ *^tu^'"^! ^^^^^^^^ Hills, 
 from Touch wood ^oth7 Mission «1 '^^*^-^^f<^ «««tions. A trail 
 2—^. DemV/e, 1880 ^^'° ^'°''^« ^«^«- Classes 1 and 
 
 and wit bMr^he^forr:^^^ '"'"^'f^ ^'^^^'^ ^^^^ Popl- 
 diameter. The eastern h«7f« '''''T^ ^^°'" ^ *° 1<> inches iu 
 is fairly open^but ver^ mil^ - J^« ^^^^^^^^ Po^iott 
 
 a number^of Whs '^^^^^ ^.sf ^"^''^ ^'^^ ^^"^- ^here are 
 sion Lake, in wS Lnnn r. I boundary runs through Mis- 
 
 eipally blak lolm. wiU Lre^l^^^^ ^^/ soil fs prin- 
 
 rathe/too rough fo^ arable nur no 1'kT*^ and gravel ; it is 
 grazing. The south LS. Purposes, but is well adapted for 
 
 Touchwood Posfrunnini thiotl^ Vv, ^'''^'''^.^^^ farm and the 
 half breed settlers LT^J^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 loam aid clay subto- cLsesI anT. ^ Th ^"''^?- ^^^'' ^^^^ 
 ^/^fiH-i<>^ q-tionfe Krshf rrai^d^^^ '^I'i 
 
 crossesi;cS3i^S^S.St:^.f^^r ^'^"^^^ 
 
178 Townships West of Second Initial^Meridian.— Range XVII. 
 
 The west is a poor district, having numerous sloughs fringed' 
 with willows and separated with ridges and areas of gravel. 
 There is rich loam near the sloughs; class 3.-4. W. McVittie, 
 
 East—rolling and hilly prairie, with groves of small poplar 
 •nd scrub. The main trail from EUice to Edmonton crosses the 
 north-east comer. The land varies between classes 1 and 2.— 
 
 Deville, 1880. u- j i j 
 
 Sub-division.— Rolling and, comparatively speaking, dry land, 
 "but few ponds of any size being found. In Section 27 there is a 
 lake, the water of which is fresh and good. Upon Sections 1, 2, 
 
 11 12, 18, 23, 24, 26, -^6, 26 and 86, timber suitable for fuel and 
 fencing may be obtained, while elsewhere small groves of poplar, 
 fit only for fuel occur. Soil, principally a sandy loam, from 9 to 
 
 12 inches deep, with a clay subsoil ; second class.— J. J. Burrows, 
 1882. 
 
 Outlinex.—The north half of the east boundary is situated in the- 
 Big Touchwood Hills, and is covered with thick woods of poplar 
 and birch, from 6 to 12 inches in diameter. There are also 
 numerous marshes. The south half lies partly on the south slope 
 of the hills, and along it there is a trail to the Indiam farm. The 
 main trail to Edmonton crosses the township diagonally, south- 
 east to north-west. The surface is rolling, with groves of small 
 poplar and scrub. The land rates classes 1 and 2.—E. Deville, 
 
 1830. „ „. 
 
 Sub-division.— 'ThiB townfehip consists of rolling country, veiy 
 much broken with lakes and ponds. It is well wooded with small 
 poplar and willow, with a dense undergrowth of cherry, rose 
 bushes, &c. There is a great deal of dead timber, both standing 
 and fallen, especially round the shores of Whitewood Lake. The 
 •water in the larger ponds and lakes is good and fresh. The soil is 
 a good dark loam, but the country is so rough with brush and 
 fefien timber, and broken with ponds and lakes, that for farming 
 it may be rated class 3. The western tier of sections are in an 
 Indian Jieserve.— T. S. Gore, 1884. 
 
 Outlines.— The south end of the west boundary commences in 
 poplar bush from 4 to 12 inches, with heavy underbrush ; this 
 continues northward in diminishing proportions to open praine 
 on Section 81. The whole surface is rolling prairie, with an 
 alluvial soil which is about 12 inches deep on a clay subsoil, and 
 is rated throughout class 2.— A. C. Talbot, 1883. 
 
 Sub-division.— ^OBt of this township is set apart as an Indian 
 Beserve. It consists of rolling land, very much broken with 
 small lakes and ponds. It is thickly wooded throughout with 
 poplar, and generally a dense undergrowth of willow, cherry, &c. 
 There is a great deal of fallen timber everywhere through the 
 township, caused by fires during former years. Though the soil 
 is a dark loam and is very good, the country is so cut up witj 
 ponds that, for agricultural purposes, it may be rated class 8.— i. 
 ' B. Goret 1884. 
 
SI 
 
 S2 
 
 Jhwnthips West of Second Initial Meridian —Range XVII. Vl^ 
 
 Outlines.— The noiih boundary was run over rolling prairie with 
 th?o;^h3^^«°T, ««i^fro°»,6to 12 inches deep^atTng cl«s 2 
 
 w^ ?k ' x"*^. ^^- ^^^^ *^« exception of a few bluffs of 
 wood the country is open.-.!. O. Wheeler, 1884. 
 
 wardt ^^n * '^ ?"'°^ *''?, ^P^'^ prairie, slowly ascending south- 
 
 rr'^lasfS'-irc^^^^^^^^ ^^" ^* «^--^ ^- -t -te 
 
 ^m ?h?rr]??^ north-west corner lies on Big Quill Lake. South 
 from this the country is open and rolling, with a gravelly soil 
 sandy, poor and not rating over class 8.-^. C. Talbot, 1888^ ' 
 <1*r^ w! '''*''^*'-^^* ^°™er lies in Big Quill Lake. The east boun- 
 1^^ fi f/^n •''"r^^Sr country, with sandy and black loam 
 Section 18 T^ '' ^'t^' f°^ rating class 1. ' A small creek on 
 K n? IL- ^^^ '^''''l'^ H'^^^^^^ *^« fi^«t a°d second southerly 
 
 ,>nrtiff "i^n"*'''*r;r^^'« towuship is rough. and, in the central 
 
 ' lltlrt^J' ^^l Fi!"^'*^ l^""^ °f the^ountr^ is to Big QuiU 
 
 Jf?!'J 1-^ ""^u"."? *^^ "°^^^^" portion of the township.^ mth 
 
 24 25 a^iTfi^^lf* '''•^ "'^^l^' ^^"^°S *^^"^«g^ Sections 1, 12 18, 
 24, 26 and 86 there is no fresh water to be found during the 
 summer months as the water in the lake is strongly dkalina 
 ^ir fl?lT l^"l%ti°^l>er scattered along the banks of this couf^t 
 near the lake, chiefly poplar, and this, with a large poplar bluff 
 on parts of Sections 1, 2 11 and 12, and one on the south-eaS 
 corner of Section 1. is all the timber in the township. The treTs 
 ?..Hf ^ iJ^' 1^ ''^^/Tf ^^ "^°^« *^«^ 8 inches in diameter 
 
 «o^ ^ l!?^ ^""^t^' ?^ ""^"^^ ^'""'^ ^'^ *« b« °^et with, in the 
 south Slid south-eastern portions of the township. Near the lake 
 
 iwin?f.Hi -^^^ K'"^^}^ °^"^^"'' ^*^«i^? numerous inlets and 
 hTSiT r '"".^^^^^T ^T.' «^^^' gravefand loose stones may 
 ii^? along: the border of the lake. The soil consists of a darfe 
 
 T^V^^'^i ^^i\ •* '""^^"^ P^ ^'«^^ «*^^y «lay- ^n alkaline pond 
 and several alkaline sloughs are situated on Sections 21 and 22 i 
 classes 1, 2 and S.-A. O. Wheeler, 1884. ^^ ^^ . 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OK SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range XVIII. 
 
 9. Outlinet. — The Hurfaw on all tho boundaries is nndulatinp^; 
 swamps and murHhoa aro liberally Bcaiterod about and thoro is some 
 fine meadow land The soil in a sandy loam, and the north and 
 the west is class 2, on the east, having gravel in some places, the 
 rating low<>r8 to classes 2 and 3. A large lake covers a portion of 
 Section 6, and wouth ot the lake the soil is sand and gravel ; class 
 8. There is a large fresh marsh on Section 7 and a cart trail 
 crosses 8e*tion 80. On the east there is mi alkaline lake on Sec- 
 tion 24, and a few meadows on 26 and 86. Section i2 has a num- 
 ber of hills, about 60 teet high and plenty of surface boulders. — 
 
 a E. woitr, 1881. 
 
 Svb-tlitH»ion. — Is situate in the Missouri Ootoau. The soil is 
 poor, being of a sandy and gravelly nature ; classes second and 
 third. The ponds and lakes are mostly more or less alkaline, 
 though there is a fivir percentage of fresn water. It wovild make 
 good puislurage land. No wood. — E. Fafard, 1882. 
 
 •, Outlines. — The boundary lines were run over \indulating pra e, 
 with a few ponds and marshes, but more numerous in the east. 
 Alluvial soil, three to six inches on a gravelly and sandy, grey 
 clay sxab oil ; class 2 in the north, 1 and 2 in the west, and 2 tuid 
 8 in tlu^ east. Long Creek crosses the western half of Section 86, 
 flowing in a south-easterly direction. A cart trail crosses the 
 township in the tituue direction entering it on Section 80 The 
 antler oi the civek i^rosses the lino three times in Section 31, the 
 banks are high and steep on the north side. Surface boulders on 
 Sections 1 and 12. Section 13 is broken by Long Creek and high 
 banks ; the water is one chain wide. — C. E. Wolf, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, and in some places might be 
 termed hilly, there are some pretty high ridges with moderate 
 slopes. There are sevi-ral branches of Long Creek through it, one 
 near the centre, but none of them were running on the I6th July. 
 Water generally good. There are many good hay swamps and a 
 few ponds with very good water. The soil is principally clay 
 loam but rather shallow, with a hard clay subsoil. The surface is 
 a haid gravelly clay, with many stones and some large boulders, 
 nearly all grimite. Soil, classes 2 and 8. There is no alluvial 
 soil in t his section of the country except around the swamps, and 
 no timber, except a iew bunches of willows on Section 29. 
 Vegetatioii , light, except in low or wet land, but partly on account 
 of extreme dry weather and frost ; it is evident grass has been 
 better in former years.— T. B. Oitliland, 1883. 
 
 •7. Outlines.— On the boundaries the surface is by turns, level, roll- 
 ing and undulating, with a subsoil of sandy and gravelly clay, 
 covered with an alluvial soil, 6 inches deep, and class 2 on the 
 north and east, and 6 to 12 inches deep, and claooes 1 and 2 ou. 
 
Tuwnthipi West qf Second IttUMU Mrridi an.— Range XTIII. 18t 
 the west; generally fair for farming and grazing purposen • ocoa- 
 
 through the township, entering by Section 31 • 't is ° C !?« n 
 current 1 mile an hour ; highliilL on bo?h side . In 1 cS 
 trail crosses Section J.6, and a trail from Winnipeir to WrS 
 Mountain, Section l.—C. E. Wolff, ltt82. ^ to wood 
 
 Snil n?*■''/'''""""•^^^''^ '°^"«^^P ^« ^«^«1 '^nd rolling prairie 
 
 joi much of the suriace is very hard, gravdly clay • there ara 
 but lew stones, except in ravines. The^e is a brLh of the SoiiS 
 
 STo h.?. a branch running throu^^l; Sections Id. 17.29 
 8 rim ' W . ""^ ^5" ;*" °* -^^^y' "^^^^«^ "^^^ «* con inuous 
 
 a u w„. y tI ^°°^- i^'"'" ^'^^ * ^^'^ «^'*»"P«' ^ith good hay 
 and wafer. There is also a very fine lake in .Section 8, with 
 sandy and gravelly shores and good water. Vegetation fair in the 
 
 tTmtrn ' "'J'' l^^^^^f '^'^'' light, except^n the flats No 
 timber ol any kind. Soil rates classes 2 and 8.-T. B. GilUland, 
 
 ^' TW 'IVT'^^" ""^^^^ ^'-^'y' undulating pr.urie. with a poor soil. 
 There are several ravines, but the streams in them dry soon 
 Some trees and brush were met with in thone ravines.- o7S^; 
 
 West and east-roliing and level prairie. A few small 
 marshes were crossed. Soil, sandy loam, from 4 to « inches .' p 
 
 old cart trail crosses Section 19. Creeks cross the boundary in 
 Soct,ousGand7; the one in Section 6 is Long Creek and Is 2 
 
 2? s^S^hTT' 'ri:i*"J^^^^- T^^ -ufh\dTof Sect on 
 25 IS greatly broken by Mashspoon Creek, and high hills on either 
 
 .1 Ik' ^ u ^^ \^^ ^'^^« ^id« ^«d 2 feet deep. Small ash 
 tZ^A ^'^f 1 r •*''?u'"'i*^ ''^' ^^^' ^''^^ •'^^^I'Sie.. into Sec: 
 I5lfj« '"!i 1\ ^ ^^ Vr"^!' «^^*^^^ it i« ^8 inches deep and 
 in diameter on the north side. In Section 13 there is a patch of 
 rrrm'^wV'^^^S'"^ °^ ^^"" ^"^ ^«^' ^"^^"g ^«^^"^^ wood. 
 
 C E Woff 1811 ^'''*''*^'^<'^°«^e8 the south half of Section 1.— 
 
 hv.tf^*"'^i?'"''"-~^"'^.'^*""^^^ P'^i"" The north-east portion is 
 broken with ravines and watercourse. ; it also contains the bed 
 ot a creek dry in September, which is a tributary of Wascana 
 iJ!TC: ^^^"S '^^« *"b,utary there were a few small elms. Soil. 
 • oU^ south-west part, hrst class ; in the north-east part, second 
 Class. — J. Warren, 1882. 
 
 *■ sof r^oT^'^r^ ?^ west-rolling and level prairie. Alluvial 
 S l'« V < f ^^^^e *''' * ^*^^1 ^^ «*»dy' Srey clay subsoil ; 
 da.s8 2. jeveral marshes and ponds were crossed ; some good hay 
 
 ana ^ uu. 
 
 
 
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 by Section 84. TribntnrioB ♦« m«.._ _„^- 
 
 ?2i#* "" ""^ "^ * ^^''y meandering course ; both 
 
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 182 fbwnthipM We$t of Second Initial Meridian — Range XVIU. 
 
 have small elm and willows all along their banks. Section 81 is 
 thickly strewn with surface boulders. Generally good for farming 
 and grazing purposes. — C. E. Wolffs 1882. 
 
 Along the east boundary the ground is generally level, but 
 sometimes undulating and rolling, and may be rated class 1, the 
 soil being a heavy clay loam, well adapted for wheat-growing and 
 farming purposes ; well watered by hay marshes and creeks — P. 
 R. A BManger, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Maple Creek, which passes through this town- 
 ship, contains almost the only surface water. There is a belt of 
 wood, about 160 feet wide, on each side of the creek composed of 
 maple, elm and aeb, but not large enough for building purpot 3s. 
 The soil is hard and composed of clay and sand ; classes 1 and 2. 
 —L. P. Gauvreau, 1882. 
 
 10« Outlines. — North — level ; west — rolling and level prairie ; allu- 
 vial soil, from 6 to 10 inches deep, on a sandy and grey clay sub- 
 soil ; class 2 throughout. Several marshes were crossed. A large 
 lake of fresh water submerges a portion of Section 84. This is a 
 very desirable locality for settlement, there being excellent farm- 
 ing land and plenty of good, pure water. Sections 6 and 19 are 
 thickly strewn with surface boulders. Dry watercourses on 
 Sections 7 and 80. A large slough and coul6e in 31. — C. E. Wolff, 
 1882. 
 
 The east is gently rolling and level prairie, some parts are 
 marshy and low, wet bottom lands, particularly in Section 13. 
 Soil, heavy clay ; classea 1 and 8 ; excellent wheat land generally. 
 Moose Jaw Creek crosses Section 13 ; this creek is 3 feet deep, 
 muddy bottom, and has also muddy water, "course north-west. A 
 creek, flowing east, crosses Section 1, it is 8 feet deep, fresh water 
 and muddy bottom ; small belts of ash and elm were noticed 
 along the shores of this creek. — P. jK. A. Bilanger, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.— Tiaine. The northern boundary intersects a 
 good sized lake of fine clear water, through which a large creek 
 lows ; but at the time of the survey (September) there was no 
 current ; in fact, the water in it was not continuous. It has a 
 muddy bottom and, as the banks are low, it probably overflows in 
 the spring. The land along the creek is very fine, and the crop of 
 grass very heavy. There are numerous watercourses. The surface 
 generally is hign and rolling, but a little rough in the south-west 
 -portion, where it is also rather stony. There is no meadow land, 
 except along the creek. Soil, on the whole, excellent, being a 
 brown clay, with clay subsoil ; first and second class. — S. L. Bra- 
 bazon, 1882. 
 
 11. Outlines. — North and west — level and rolling prairie ; several 
 small marshes and hay ;aeadows were crossed. Alluvial soil, 10 
 to 12 inches deep, on a grey clay subsoil ; class 1. ExceUent 
 wheat land. Moose Jaw Creek crosses Section 19 and flows 
 south-east, it is three feet deep, with high banks on the east side. 
 A large grassy slough is situated in Section 7. — C. E. Wolf, 1888. 
 The east is nearly all level prairie, with a heavy clay upper 
 
12 
 
 18 
 
 14 
 
 lowmhipt West of Second Initial Meridian.-^ Range XVIII. 188 
 
 r!I;S^l?*J^'°*'?!f ^^^ °'' *i?^*y subsoil, generally rating class 
 1, and all of it will make excellent wheat-growing' land ThMa 
 are some good hay marshes and meadows Song tL 1^11 but^ 
 running water.— P. R. A. Bilanger, 1882. ' ^ 
 
 ^nn^ 1 ■''*r'"''^*r^f*'"?' ^^^^ adapted for agriculture. Soil a 
 good, clav loam, twelve inches deep, with a clay subsoil -first 
 class Ifoose Jaw Creek crosses the south-west Vrter of the 
 township; course, north-west.— P 5«r«e/, 1882. "^^^ o' ^^o 
 
 Outlines.~The north is rolling prairie ; good farming land ; heavv 
 
 12 J^!^l^ '^}^''^^ ""^ ""^"^"^ P^*^"«- Soil, a rich black loam, 
 
 fom W,!i!^'V'}T^ P'*T^' '^''.^f*^ marshes, and low, wet bot- 
 
 W tl \ 1 ®°i^' ^TI ^'^^y* ^^*^ °^*y «^^«oil ; class 1. Ex^l- 
 lent wheat land.— P. R. A Bilanger, 1882 
 
 TKa f".*-'^*^*"^^ -The whole of this township is level prairio. 
 ?Wfn •'' •* ^'■^' A^"*^/' ^^*y 1^*°^' averaging in depth from 
 ^arJoffl^ r'^'l- ^«o,d water can be obtained in a Im^t eve^ 
 part of the tovvnship a few feet from the surface. There is S 
 wood of any kind.— Uttwaw and Michaud, 18&2. 
 
 !. ^«f«f «-7Prai''ie, gently-rolling in the north and west, and level 
 in <he east Soil, clay loam on a white clay subsoil. There are 
 many small marshes, and on Sections 32 and 33 is a larger one 
 
 SlT^- « -^^f ^^* '^ ^"^«1 P^*i"« Numerous sloufhs and 
 marshes^ Soil, clay loam ; class 1. Excellent farming land and 
 
 S«6-rftumo».— Level prairie, rather wet and cloeffv for acri- 
 culture appearances indicating that the water lies along time mi 
 
 In^liT.tl.y'' "P"?!?' \^^'l ^^^ '°^^^1 P«^*i« «*^cur.^ Soil, 12 
 hI^S::^^^ ^^*' ^ ^''^y ^°^" ^"'^^°^^' ^"^ clas.-^;!,. 
 
 . Oullines -The north is levei prairie. Several larg marshes. 
 
 Seisin ar^rT^ff^^ ^■^'^?' ^^^P' ^^"«« ^- A cart trail cros^s 
 Section 82. GK)od farming land— C. Desjardins, 1882. 
 
 Ihe boundaries run over gently-rolling prairie, usuallvwi'^h 
 a good clay loam soil, on a subsoil of white clay. There is a large 
 sheet of water on Sections 24 and 25. Marshes and small ponds 
 
 Fr?p1llTr*^5^- , ^? *^^^'«* *^« «°^^ ^« c^*y lo^°^; class 1. 
 Excellent farming land A large marsh covers the north half of 
 
 Section 86 The south is gently-roiling prairie. Alarge marsh 
 on the east ; small and shallow ones are numerous in the remain- 
 1882^ ' * ^^ '^^^ ' subsoil, white clay.— 4. P. Cotton, 
 
 S«6.rftm-«o«— Undulating: prairie, with no^ timber or brush 
 oi aay itind. Ihe easterly portion is interspersed with a few 
 
miimm 
 
 184 Thwmhips Went of Second initial Meridian -^Rnn^e XVIII. 
 
 marshes producing good grass, the principal one occupying a con- 
 siderable part of Sections 24, 26 and 26. Soil, 18 inches; with a 
 clay loam subsoil ;. generally first class.— C G. Sheppard, 1882. 
 
 1». Oftttines.— The boundaries were run over level prairie, formed of a 
 good^eep friable loam, but is more raarshv than Township 16 
 lUe Wascana Creek enters this township on Section 24 It is 
 Jeie 8 chains wide, 8 feet deep, being joined on the north shore 
 by a marsh 22 chains wide. No wood.— C. Desfardins, 1882. 
 
 Sit b-dimsion. —Level prairie, the soath-east portion being low 
 and wet Soil, 10 to 12 inches deep ; first class. Wascai.a Creek 
 crosses the north-east quarter of the townsl p, course north-wt ;t. 
 — J. Bourgeois, 1882. 
 
 1«. Ouiltnes.--The north is slightly undulating prairie, very hum- 
 mocky. Soil, heavy clay ; class 1 ; excellent wheat land. A small 
 creek crosses Section 3 and floAs west. No wood; very little 
 water — W. Pearre,18Bl. ' 
 
 West and east— is a level prairie, formed of a good, deep, 
 triable loam, [t is also class 1, and good for any kind of crops. 
 Ihe southern portion of the township may be a little marshy. 
 lHose marshes form, as it were, the approaches to Wascana Creek 
 in that portion of the country The creek enters the township 
 between Sections 2 and 8, forming an expanse of clear, open water, 
 at least U or 4 chains wide, ^^ feet deep in the channel, with 
 very little current. It flows in the midst of a marsh 8 or 9 chains 
 wide on the east side and 6 or 6 on the west side. The creek 
 l?7o^ *^® township by Section 81. No wood.-C. Desjardins, 
 
 Sub-division.— la composed of good, level farming land, with 
 aJluviai soil, of an average depth of 3 inches, and clay subsoil. 
 Wascana Creek runs through the township in a north-westerly 
 direction furnishing a supply of good water. Some settlers were, 
 at time of survey, located along its banks. No wood of any kind. 
 — J. J. Francis, i882. 
 
 ly. Outlines.— A low ridge of sandhills, containing a very little wood, 
 lies across the township in a north-westeriy direction The bal- 
 ance IS open prairie. The surface along the boundaries is rolling 
 and the soil dry and classes 1 and 2.—G. JJ. Ryley, 1881. 
 
 ^ Sub-division. — (^00^ soil, though stony; some potholes; 
 water good ; all rolling prairie. The C.P.R. crosses the north of 
 the township, having Pilot Butte Station on Section 88.—/. L. 
 Reid, 1883. 
 
 18. Outlines.— The north is undulating prairie, several grass marshes 
 and ponds. Soil, 10 to 12 inches deep, on sandy and sandy clay 
 eubsoils ; class 1. A ca:'t trail crosses Sections 81 and 82. 
 lixcellent farming land.— a C, Rainboth, 1882. 
 
 West— the country here is magnificent, being a gently-rolling 
 prairie, and the soil of heavy rich clay, rated first class. It is 
 drained by Boggy Creek, which is 20 links wide and 2 feet deep. 
 Water, good.— iS, /. Rainboth, 1882. 
 
7bwn.tkip» Wert of Second Initial Meridian— Range XYUI. 186. 
 
 East— open prairie, slightly rolling land. No wood or water. 
 Class l.— G. U Rylep. 18»1. 
 
 S»b-division.— Rolling prairie. Water scarce, though obtain- 
 able by sinking wells. Wood for fuel may be procured from, 
 localities about ten miles north Soil, a clay loam, irom six inches 
 to ten inches deep, with a clay or gravel subsoil ; chiefly second 
 class. Boggy Creek crosses the township, it is a small stream. 
 TheCP.H crosses the south-east corner. A Hamel, 1882, 
 1». OuUines. — North and west— rolling and undulating prairie, several 
 small marshes. Soil, from 10 to 12 inches deep, on sand and gravel 
 subsoils ; classes I and 2. Two-thirds of Section MO is occupied 
 by a large poplar bluff, other small bluffs of the same timber were 
 occasionally met with. A cart trail crosses Section 7. Good 
 agricultural land.— G. C. Rainboth, 188 J. 
 
 The southerly part of the eastern boundary is open prairie» 
 but the northerly two-thirds has scattered clumps of poplar. The 
 soil throughout is a dark loam and rates first class. — G. U. Rylejfy 
 i881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling country. About one-third is open, 
 prairie, the remainder being covered with d .se bluffs of poplar, 
 mostly of second growth, with willows. There are many ponda 
 containing good, fresh water, and numerous hay swamps. Set- 
 tlers in Kf^gina and vicinity come here ior fuel. Soil, in the 
 nc. 1 L part, a sandy loam, with clay subsoil ; generally seco^d 
 class. — A. Hamel, 1882. 
 
 20, Outlines. — North — rolling prairie, with a good quality of soil, con- 
 sisting of a rich loam on a cHy subsoil. There are a number of 
 ponds and creeks. Some poplar — W. T Thompson, 1881. 
 
 West — rolling prairie, with bush of small poplars and willows 
 in clumps about equally divided between prairie and bluffs. 
 Numbers of small marshes, tioil varies from 10 to 1 2 inches in 
 depth on a sand, clay and loam subsoils ; classes 1 and 2. A cart 
 trail crosses Section 19. Grood agricultural land. South — 
 undulating and rolling prairie ; poplar bluffs ; a few marshes. 
 Soil, clay and sandy loams ; classes 1 and 2. — G. C. Rainbothy 
 1882. 
 
 The east is covered with small poplars, except intervening 
 open patches. Boiling land. Soil is all class 1. A few sloughs 
 were met with — G. U. Ryley, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling country. The south part is wooded 
 with a thick growth of small poplar, while the north part is 
 mostly prairie, with small bluffs of poplar and will* w, furnishing 
 material for fence rails and fuel. There are many small hay 
 marshes, the water in which is good. Soil, a sandy loam, (5 inches 
 to 14 inches deep, with subsoil of clay ; second class. — A. Hamel, 
 1882. 
 
 21. Outlines. — Surveyed the boundaries. The township is crossed,^ 
 east and west, by the Qu'Appelle River, with a meandering course, 
 broad valley, high banks and deep adjoining ravines. With this 
 exception the country along the boundaries is rolling prairie, with 
 
"P^KHI^ 
 
 186 TownsMpt West of Second Initial Meridian.— RanfFt XYllh 
 
 the following features : On the north, the soil is class 2 : no wooi 
 or water but good farming land. On the west and east, ciaswe 
 1, 2 and 8, with large bluffs of poplar on the west. SectioMlg 
 and 19 are greatly broken by large hills and ravines, a smaU creek 
 running south-east, and in Section 19 a shaUow lake covers ^ 
 whole of a quarter-section. In Section 19 the banks of the creek 
 have maple trees. Two-thirds of the line in Section 80 is covwed 
 ^y * HT 1- ''^- ol^^ Q^'Appelle River crosses the south-wS 
 half of Section 80, and flows west ; timber along its banks. In 
 Section 81 the banks rise 850 feet above the valle^ The east is 
 greatly broicen by large ravines, ranging from 800 to 850 feet deep. 
 The Qu Appelle River crosses Section 18 ; good hay land aloi 
 
 ^H^Carreim "''^''' ''°'*^ ^*^^ °^ ^*'*'°'' ^^ ^ gravellf 
 
 K^ +d" n'^^?"''"ir'^ .^''''^^ ?",*'' '^^^^^ ''''^ "«^*1^ eq^al Portions 
 by the Qu Appelle River, which runs in a deep< broken vallef 
 
 ?f nn^ ^ *^^ 'T*^ "^^i^ '" * rolling prairie, with thick clumrl 
 ,PoP!fr ^^^ a dense undergrowth of wiUow and cherry. The 
 valley itself is nearly all marsh and hay lands. Sufficient wood 
 f^oini'' Tn *H/^1^"^T"*^ of settlers for building, fuel, and 
 hTwZ, im. ""°'*^y ^'«^ ^^^«' ^it^ ««^« third-CtemeW and 
 
 «2. Outlines.-The north i« good! rolling prairie, and rates about class 
 wuv. ^^^J^^" ^l^^l ^o^W prairie ; the northern half is scatter<»d 
 w h small marshes, but the southern half is drier. The eastls 
 5ri^ ?^r^T" S^^^f^^ marshes were crossed, but they were aU 
 dry. Class 2. Good s^cultural land.-^. Carre, 1881. 
 
 r...i.^tl'*'''''^S.^ P^*^"^' ^**^ numerous sloughs, es- 
 pecially in the middle and western portions. The Ou'AoDelle trail 
 crosses the south tier of sections. Soil, generally Ughfwth the 
 exception of some three or four sections^in the JoXLT Srne? 
 which are first class The east and north-east sections are inclined 
 to oe gravellv and stony ; second class. The middle sections, from 
 StoVl882 "'^ ^^^ gi-avelly and stony ; third class.-Cr. E. 
 
 28. 
 
 0«</»n«s.-The north IS all rolling prairie, excepting Section 34, 
 ^tfj'^ '°?^^ r"^ broken by tL valley of Long Valley Creek: 
 The land rates class 2. The west is all rolling prairie, with a 
 few small marshes, and rates class 2 throughout The east is 
 also rolling prairie, with numerous small marshes. A creek with 
 lugh banks crosses Sections 24 and 18, and flows north, the latter 
 section being greatly broken by this creek and its banks. Classes 
 2 and S.—H. Carre, 18«1. ^^ 
 
 Sub-division.— Open, rolling prairie. Long Valley Creek 
 traverses it m a south-east direction, in two branches which unite 
 m Sec+ion 24, and runs in valleys from 5 to 10 feet deep, the south 
 sides of which are covered witn small bluffs of young poplar and 
 brush The only other timber is coatained in some small blufb 
 on Sections 17, 20 and 29. The water in the creek is fresh, but 
 
T^nskip, We^ of Second Initial Meridian.^Iinnge Tmi m 
 
 sTring^of extl?fnShV/''^ •¥ "^'^ ' »>«^ *»»«'« ^re some 
 
 water holes, wh cH par aTaZTh^"*' ^'^^f^* ^^^ «^^"«^« «»d 
 cm-k. Soil a clav Ini^ V 7- *^^ °*^® "" *^® vicinity of the 
 some gravel Id iL ?S/T,^ '''^^^" *° I'* i^^^^es deep, with 
 -C. f fSCi882 **^ ^'^''' ' "^'^y ^"^«*>il • second ck^ 
 
 "^ ^eZTX'^i'i^^ZA^''^^ '**"^°^ ^^^'^^ ^i*^ swamps in a 
 Bray, 1881. ' ""^ ^^^^^ ^^«* ^^ ^^^ township.-^ 
 
 by the^r; if 'SLg^S'':fr2 '"S fr^ift't ^^ ^i^ 
 
 crosses Section 86. The e^t, fill j« ^*^*>Tai* to Touchwood 
 marehes. most of them dry Tn Se!tnUl^"\'^'^^ numerous 
 * valley 80 feet deeo A? nli^ ^ ! n ^^ * °''®®^ ^^^« through 
 «throughout-l^ Carre 1881 ''''''''' '^"^'^^^^ ^' ^'^ 
 
 thinlyt:??:^wTth1ijifl »onr '*?K*'^ "^^«^ p^^ i*^* 
 
 4ind are intersoerred Jifh hl-^ Poplars. These occur in bluffs, 
 only live tiX; L o^ t'^^^^^^^^^ of wnw bushes The 
 
 covered with DODlarhlnff! } u^^. ^^' '^^^^^ ^^^ thickly 
 
 inches diWerTw!' '''"^^''* "^^^^ <^*>^**i« t^ees up to sii 
 in summer A pJ^ 1*'^ numerous small sloughs, mostly ^ 
 
 l^iSTe tr^l to To^^^^^ '^^ '^™*^iP north?wS 
 
 iomer^ TVo Whe^^^^^^ ^'^T^^ ^^' north-west 
 
 townshin one [n r^« <>/ Long Valley Creek run through the 
 we™ WiSion • th« w^'^!if'^y and the other in a nortti! 
 oeedinX Cd Joil ?«n S? *^T«°^t*i°. though fresh, is «- 
 
 2 inchS V?2 inS feerwIthT' l""^ '""'^^'^ *^ ^' S'^^^^' 
 best land is found in SectbnT 1 9 sf li "^J^ »ravel subsoil t£ 
 first d.3s. the remaindtrnV;i^,^i iVy^S?oVl88l^^ ^ 
 
 wrsanlJtStl^^^^^^^^ prairie, 
 
 rotfhip^^Vet^ ^'''^^' tZ?aier^u^^ thrrggTlS 
 Wand pon J Tr« if •'°°''- ««?«^,t^^°^*^ P^^P^a^. with wU? 
 
 the stre™. enlarge, 'to i lie *boai^n'e mile i'" A"ott 'l°^ 
 
 25 
 
 loon 
 
'mm 
 
 188 
 
 fyffmthipn West of Second Imtial Meridian. — Range XVIII. 
 
 OM//tn«» —The west is rolling and hilly prairie, with nnmerons 
 ifllands of poplar and willow, uad shallow ponds. Soil, princi- 
 pally sandy loam, with clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. The east 
 is open rolling prairie, with sandy and clay loam soil ; classes 1 
 and 2. Some poplar islands, with willows Long Valley Creek 
 and tributaries ran through this township. — C. F. Miles, 1882. 
 
 Subdivision. — The north-east half lies within what are called 
 the Touchwood Hills, consisting of well-rounded conical hills, 
 varying in height up to 260 feet aboye the intervening valleys. 
 The north slopes are invariably steep and wooded with ppplar, 
 generally small, but sometimes attaining 8 inches diameter. 
 Between the hills there are generally ponds, marshes and sloughs, 
 some of which, by a series of connections, are drained so as to pro- 
 duce Long Valley Creek, which apparently takes its source in 
 S^tion 26. Three lakes along its course have been surveyed. 
 There are numerous bluflfs of small poplar and willow, with 
 generally a pond, marsh or slough in the centre. The main 
 stream of the creek traverses the most westerly tier of sections, 
 and m September was, in some places, dry ; its bed is from 12 feet 
 to 20 feet wide, with generally steep banks on either side, from 
 26 to 80 feet high, stony and gravelly. There is considerable 
 grass in the flats and valleys, but on the summit of the hills the 
 herbage is short. Water is invariably good and soft. The south- 
 west naif is lower land, and the surface less uneven and rolling ; 
 The land is also better than in the north-east half. Soil, from 4 
 inches to 12 inches deep, with clay subsoil ; second class. — /. A. 
 Snow, 1882. 
 
 Ott<W«gs.— North— rolling prairie, with many poplar bluffs and 
 sloughs, and a sandy loam soil, from 6 to 12 inches deep, on e clay 
 subsoil ; class 3 all round. East— rolling prairie, with numer- 
 ous blutfs of poplar and fresh water sloughs. A small lake in 
 Section 18 extends eastwards into the adjoining township. Soil, 
 rich near the sloughs, but gravelly between ; class 3. The south 
 boundary of this township was run over rolling prairie, having 
 numerous small ponds and marshes, and clumps oi poplar. The 
 soil is sandy loam on a clay subsoil, and the rating is not over 
 class 3.—^. W. McVitlie, 1882. 
 
 Westwards— the greater part consists of open, rolling prairie. 
 Soil, sandy loam, with a few boulders in places ; clay subsoil ; 
 classes 1 and 2,— C. F. Milts, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.— ^lightlj rolling prairie, covered with numer- 
 ous bluffs of poplar and willow, the poplar averaging in diameter 
 from 2 to 6 inches. On the east side of the township, a small arm 
 of Mission Lake runs a short distance into Section 13, out oi 
 which flows Long Valley or Loon Creek, in a west and south- 
 westerly direction, through Sections 13, 14, 16, 10, 8, 4. Several 
 large ponds are formed here and there, where it passes through 
 low places, the water in all of which is clear and good ; the aver- 
 age width of the creek is about 10 links, and the depth 3 to 4 links. 
 Soughs are numerous, though not large, and are bordered with 
 dense willows and poplars. The soil is good, but not class 1, and 
 
189* 
 
 28. 
 
 nwnsKip, Wea of Second Initial Meridian. - Ran^e XVIU 
 W. T. Thomp^^^im '''' rates class 2ihxovi^hovii.- 
 
 Sections 4 9 and I? T^hii? buildirp purposes exists upon 
 
 elsewheretwood fit foVTu^ IT? ^^.^^^'^^l^'' P' 14 and IS.Ld 
 loam, 7 to innches deen irfh 1 "''\^ ^^^°^«- ^°^1' * «a°dy 
 ^«rr;«,,, 1882 ^' ""'^^ "^^^^ '"^^'^^^ = ^^^^^^ class.-/, i 
 
 bluff. Soil from 6 to 12 ?r.): a^ ^^ ^®®P.' "^^ ^^'^^'^ "> «very 
 class 2 in the Zth Ini 1 !^*'o^^?u' '''' '^^^ *^*^ "^^y subsoils ; 
 
 Thf S i^ "^''I r,^' ^^^"^ ^ ««'^dy loam ^thl clay subsoTl 
 
 'poor Man V'Ln^^^ ^"'"o^ ""^ f ^^ *^« Indian Reserve of 
 
 x-oor ixian s band. Classes 2 and 8.— T. S. Gore, 1884 
 
 0«Wwes._We8t--rollinff prairie, with young poplar bluffs • 
 
 re:rc7o:LsTci" T^. '^'^^- \ ^^.^" ^^^«^' - rvTey Sstet 
 slow Travine 80 f-^ '\ '' ^ ''''^'' ^f P ' ^^^^ water ; current 
 
 class 2 throughout. -il. C. Ta/Ao^, 1888. ^ ' ^ 
 
 80. 
 
mm 
 
 mmmmmw 
 
 190 Towmhips Wett of Second Initial Meriditm.— Ran/re XYIII. 
 
 8Mb'diution,—Thui township consists of high rolling country, 
 with but few ponds or sloughs. It is well wooded, prinoipally- 
 with small poplar, though, in a few places, there are trees that 
 would do for building. The soil is generally light and gravelly, 
 especially in the north-western part, where it is nearly all open 
 prairie. The township may be rated for farming as class 8. — 
 T. S. Oore, 1884. 
 
 411. Outlines. — The west is level and rolling, open, dry praiiie. Several 
 small marshes. Alluvial soil, from 5 to 6 inches deep, on a sand 
 subsoil ; class 2. The east is open and rolling prairie, with a 
 poor sandy and gravelly soil, not rating over class 8. — A. C. 
 Talbot, 1888. 
 
 Sub-aivition. — Heavily rolling prairie land. The eastern 
 portion is considerably broken by coul6es, most of which, how- 
 ever, are dry during the summer months. Sections 1, 2, 11, 12 
 and parts of Sections 8, 14 and 18 consist of alternate prairie and 
 bluffs. The timber in these bluffs is chiefly small, but, in some 
 few, avert^es 6 or 8 inches. Scattered bunches of small poplar 
 and willow brush may be found in the south-western portion of 
 the township. Surface stones and fine gravel on all elevations 
 and ridges. There is very little water ; a large slough on Section 
 20, together with a spring creek, which takes its rise in the coul6e, 
 running through Sections 14 and 28, being all that is worth men- 
 tioning. This creek flows north-westerly through the township, 
 crossing the north boundary of Section 82, but at this season of 
 the year is dry a few miles from its source. The old cart trail 
 from Touchwood Post to Battleford and Prince Albert passes 
 through the south-west corner of Section 6. The soil is generally 
 a dark sandy loam, with a subsoil of brown sandy clay. — 
 A. O. Wheeler, 1884. 
 
 82. Outlines. — ^The north-east corner lies in Big Quill Lake. South 
 from this the country is open and rolling, with a gravelly soil, 
 which is sandy, poor, and does not rate over class 8. — A. C, 
 Talbot, 1883. 
 
 Sub-division. — ^The northern part of the township is cutoff by 
 Big Quill Lake, while Sections 28, 21, 20 and 17 are broken by a 
 deep inlet of the same. The lake is bounded by low, marshy 
 shores, and especially so in the north-western portion of the 
 township ; the water is strongly alkaline, and unfit for drinking 
 purposes. The centre and eastern portions of the township con- 
 sist of broken and uneven prairie land, stones, and more or less 
 fine gravel may be found on Ul the ridges in this part. The 
 western portion is low and swampy, and is chiefly drained by a 
 «hain of alkaline sloughs and ponds, which, passing through 
 Sections 8, 9, 10, 14 and 24, find their way into the lake in Town- 
 ship 82, Range 17. A few small fresh- water sloughs may be 
 lound in various parts of the township, but at this season of the 
 year most are dried up. There are several large alkaline sloughs. 
 The soil in the eastern portion of the township consists of dark 
 sandy loam, with a clay or sand subsoil, and, in places, stones and 
 
n 
 
 flmnship, Wert of Second IniHal M0ridim.^Bm^ XVIU. 191 
 
 Sn^'f f ' ^1^"® ^? *^® ^^"*«™ P«'*»«»» ti»e same loam covers a «nb- 
 
 il. 0l^i:,,%r8, ^' "^""'''^'^ °^*y ^ '*^^«<l a. class 8 - 
 
 **• Wat™'^^:nrn^;U'I?ir"^^^ r*^ ?f°«^^» wilWbluff.. 
 with. Soil ftom 'Mn « ZnlTi' ''*'''^~^ •"''^i °**"^«'' ^e'« «»et 
 claas 2 R^ On?n t I ^"^^^ **®®P' ^^ » sand and clay aubsoil • 
 aS Talol^l^^ Bubmergea the line in Sections VsldTj: 
 
 mergefbf iif^^ ^f °^ <>! ^^^^ township is snb- 
 
 lii«!f\ii*k ^^ ^'^^*^' the balance is gentlyrollinff DrairiA 
 
 . Sub-division. SuTvejed the boundaries and subdivided this townl 
 1884. therefore, no large marshes occur.— JS. C. Caddy,. 
 
 84 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Ranob XIX. 
 
 •5. Outline)t. — ^The went is heavily rolling prairie, the elevations 
 ranging from 40 to 90 feet high. Several Hw^amps and ponds 
 were crossed. A large alkaline lake in Sections 6, 7 and 18 ren- 
 ders this part i nfit fov farming purposes. — A. O. Wheeler, 1888. 
 
 The east is undulating prairie, interspersed with marshes 
 and meadow lauds. A large lake covers two-thirds of the line 
 in Section 1. Soil, to the south of the lake is sand and gravel ; 
 class 8. There is a large marsh on Section 12, containing good 
 water. A cart trail crosses 26 ; class 2. — C. E. Webb, 1881. 
 
 6. Outlines. — The west is rolling prairie ; creeks cross Sections 7, 18, 19 
 and 30. Two cart trails cross Section 81. Soil, clay loam, with 
 a light to heavy clay subsoil ; classes 2 and 8. Fair farming 
 land.--il. O. Wheeler, 1888. 
 
 The east is un lating prairie, with a number of swamps, 
 marshes and meadows, some dry. A range of hills in Sections 18, 
 26 and 86. In Section 26 these hills rise to the height of 100 
 feet. A cart trail crosses the north of Section 25. A small creek, 
 running into Long Creek, crosses the south half of Section 86. 
 Classes 1 and 2.— C. E. Wolff, 1881. 
 
 7. Outlines. — The west is from rolling to very hilly land. Small 
 marshes and ponds are numerous. A large pond in Section 31. 
 This part is too broken and hilly for agricultural purposes, best 
 adapted for grazing.— il. O. Wheelei , 1888. 
 
 East —rolling, level and undulating prairie, numerous ponds 
 and hay marshes are scattered about. Alluvial soil 6 to 12 inches 
 deep on a sandy and gravelly clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. A 
 high range of Mils, in the south half of Section 1, greatly cut up 
 this part of the secticn. Good agricultural land. — 6'. E. Wolff, 
 1882. 
 
 8. Outlines. — North — dry, undulating prairie. There are a few small 
 shallow marshes. Section 86 is stony and there is some growth 
 of cactus.— O. /. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 West — rolling praivie land ; several marshes. Soil, sandy and 
 clay loams, with cla; and sand subsoil ; classes 2 and 8. Trail 
 from Qu'Appelle to "Wood Mountain crosses Section 19. Good 
 agricultural land. — A. 0. Wheeler, 1881. 
 
 East— rolling and partly level prairie. Soil, 6 to 8 inches 
 deep, on a gravelly, grey clay subsoil ; class 2 on Section 3(}, on 
 remaining sections it is a gravel and sandy grey clay subsoil ; 
 class 1. A dry watercourse in Section 86. A creek, with high 
 banks, flows through Sections 12 and 1, it has a current one mile 
 per hour, and is two feet deep. Another creek flows south-west 
 through Section 1, this also has high banks. This land is well 
 adapted either for farming or grazing purposes.— C E. Wolff, 1882. 
 
[DIAN. 
 
 I elevations 
 and ponds 
 and 18 ren- 
 i/flr, 1888. 
 th marshes 
 of tke line 
 ind gravel ; 
 lining good 
 1881. 
 
 ons 7, 18, 19 
 loam, with 
 air farming 
 
 of swamps, 
 Sections 13, 
 ight of 100 
 small creek, 
 Section 86. 
 
 and. Small 
 
 Section 81. 
 
 irposes, best 
 
 erous ponds 
 to 12 inches 
 land 2. A 
 eatly cut up 
 
 a. E. Wolff, 
 
 a few small 
 ome growth 
 
 il, sandy and 
 id 8. Trail 
 1 19. Good 
 
 to 8 inches 
 iction 3(5, on 
 lay subsoil; 
 , with high 
 ent one mile 
 south-west 
 and is well 
 . Wolff, 1882. 
 
 Towmhip, Wett of Secmd InMal Meridian --Ramge XIX m 
 
 *' A^hJ^Zifj^}, *M^ we.t~iB an open prairi.. broken bv ravine.. 
 ^,«-1l ?u " "J"?" ""^^ "* ^^« centre of ^hi. township and 
 
 ran. m a «)uth.oa8terly and nortL-westerJy direction The s^^T^ 
 
 spring but scarce in summoT.- P. R. a. Bitanger, 1882 
 
 East— rolling, undulating and level nrairie On« la,«« 
 
 on a gravelly £.nd grey clay subsoil ; cl.iss 2 Good hav iTml & 
 the valley on Section 12. 'a tributary of Moose J^w rZk^t^s 
 t?«l ? '^''•"'■*^l^^f "**^ 24 : on the banks ar^ash andX 
 trees averaging 8 inches in diameter ; the remainder of th^ J^ 
 ion IS greatly cut up by hills and ravines pTrt of Sec ion aet 
 thickly strewn with surface boulders. Good a«icul ur^^^ 
 grazing land.— C E. T'j/ff 1882. agntuiiurai and 
 
 n* „^^«f f ^(f«r -~?fostIy open prairie, there being a few clumn. 
 wesc to eaJt but 1^. OoIk* V''''""* ''^^'''''' ^^' *«^««tiP ^om 
 
 ::.i:^ti;^{:s seS ^i^^ristn^^js^r^^^^^ 
 
 a?e'tt"on;"Yhh'nlf ^t'l'P'" Prairie, broken by ravines, which 
 but t i7suiUbl«T\ " ^?^i^^*J^i ^i^'«d with graVel and stones; 
 myitis suitable foi agricultural purposes. The water in tlie 
 ravines is abundant in spring, but scarce in sumi^r A^ii 
 creek c,03se3 part of this towUip and flows "rMooteTaw 
 B7tnJ'^SsV''' ''" ' '^" ^'^'^^^^ '^^ «hrubbery.-P. rZ 
 
 *V„„i?°";"^' undulating and level prairie. Sections 1 and 24 are 
 thickly strewn with surface boulders. Soil, 6 to 8 inches de^ 
 on sand, gravel and black clay subsoils;' clals 2. ^Jy waT 
 courses cross Sections 12 and 25 There s * l«r^a Jul ^ j 
 coulee in the south-east half of sLion 86.1^c'iTo/^^^^^^^ 
 
 larire ^av^^'th^)^.r*^'*^^' ^/^^ T^^ ^^^ much cufup by 
 fflpr« TK ^''•**!;"' ^""^ '•'^^^ «f ^^ich are strewn witt 
 boulders^ The remainder is generally rolling prairie and fairlv 
 
 of ?t^alluWr'Vli'""^^°'^* '' ^"^ ^^^y- i" pi-- st'ny riS 
 Oi It alluvial. There are numerous creeks and watercourses Nn 
 
 ^^^ro:!^Z'"'' ""^ ""> «-» ™^ «-' s'.To"ris.l° 
 
 11. 0«W«e» —The north and west is generally level, with undulatino- 
 and rolling prairie, and may be tanked class 1 Ihe s^ beiu'? 
 kTl." r^ loam, well adapted for wheat and f^rmLg purposl* 
 1882 ' ^ ^^ °'*''^^' ^""^ creeks.-P. R ABilJ^ger] 
 
 On the east, for the first 2i miles itoinff south thp 1«ti<1 io 
 rolling prairie, with a stretch of ™,.r«h .il,!ff J.^'.^ullV^ ^^*''^. ** 
 
 10. 
 
 IlAii& 
 
 I 
 
194 Townshiiit Weft of Second Initial Meridian,— Range XIX 
 
 On Section 24 the line crosses Moose Jaw 
 a north-westerly direction, throngh a valley 
 
 wide on Section 25. 
 
 Creek, mnning in , _ , 
 
 about 40 chains wide. The water was 8 feet deep ; current slow. 
 South of the creek the surface is all level prairie, and the soil not 
 quite so good as along the first part of the line. Several hay 
 marsh B occur on the adjoining portions of Sections 12 and 18. 
 No wood - a E. Wolff, 1882, 
 
 Sub-division.— PTaine, generally yeicj level. Moose Jaw 
 Creek runs across the north-east comer. The water it furnishes 
 is fairly good, but in October there was little of it. Several dry 
 watercourses were noticed, the largest being in Sections 11 and 2. 
 The Moose Jaw averages in width from 80 to 60 links. Its banks 
 are generally low, and its bottom is soft and muddy. Some wil- 
 low brush was found in places along the margin of the creek, but 
 no wood. Soil, excellent, producing a luxuriant growth of grass ; 
 chiefly first class. — S. L. Brabazon, 1882. 
 
 la. Outlines.— North— rolling and undulating prairie, with a clay 
 soil ; class 1. Well adapted to farming or wheat raising. — A. C. 
 Webb, 1881. 
 
 The west and south is level, undulating and rolling prairie, 
 with a heavy clay loam soil ; class 1. Well adapted to wheat 
 growing and general farming purposes, and well watered by hay 
 marshes and creeks — 7 . R. A. Bilanger, 1882 
 
 East — level or rolling prairie. Soil, % rich black loam, 12 
 to 16 inches in depth, on a subsoil of grey clay. Good farming 
 or wheat land. On Section 12 is a marsh about half a mile wide, 
 and north of this a number of smaller ones occur at intervals.— 
 C. E. Wolff, lh82. 
 
 Sub-division.— k\\ prairie, part level and part undulating. 
 Moose Ja-^ Creek traverses the south-west portion. Soil, clay 
 loam, 12 mches deep, with clay subsoil ; first class. — P. Burnet, 
 1882. 
 
 13. Outlines.— ThQ north ie gently-rolling prairie. Soil, clay loam ; 
 class 1. Large marsh on north half oi Section 34. Excellent 
 farming land. On the other boundaries the surface is gently -roll' 
 ing prairie ; alluvial soil, clay loam ; subsoil, white clay. There 
 is a large sheet of water in the southern part of this township. 
 Hay marshes occur at intervals along the east and west boundaries. 
 No wood. Good farming land, best adapted for wheat cultivation. 
 —A. F. Cotton, 1882. * 
 
 Sub-division. — Undulating prairie. Soil, a very heavy clay, 
 with clay subsoil ; first class. — P. Burnet, 1882. 
 
 14. Outlines. — The north is level prairie, with a first class soil, admir- 
 ably adapted for the growth of wheat. No wood. — C. Desjardim, 
 
 1882. 
 
 On the west and east the township is gently-rolling praine. 
 There is a large sheet of water in the centre of the township The 
 
 KUil IB a gO-vTU wV J xvaui, Uil = ---.tLrcrvii -J-i TTiSit-^' viKj' "-■>" — .• 
 
 surface water is scarce, but there is a larg' marsh on Section 18, 
 another on the north half of 18, and a small one at the northern 
 
IS. 
 
 16. 
 
 17. 
 
 1\mnskips West of Second Initial Meridian.^Range XIX. 19^ 
 
 limit of 26 near which a cart trail is located. There is no wood 
 The land rates class 1, and is good for farming and weir^rnt^* 
 for wheat. -A. F. Cotton, 1882. aaapted 
 
 Ott</mes -North, east and south- admirably adapted for raisinir 
 grain the surface being level or sli^htly^ndukdr,^ p^S 
 and the soil ciass 1 There are numbers ct' small mar"&s abn; 
 
 WJ^^-'I^'^^I^^^P^^^ \^lf ^oam soil ; class 1. 
 -S«6-rfei,esio«.-Open prairie, with a level surface. Very little 
 
 0««mes.-North-rolling, undulating and very hum mocky prairie 
 ma Lr;/ '^^^ '/ rffi ^- ^^^°""* ^'^^^ ^bout 4 feet de^ep'^ h 
 Sol S^'^rT^ f '"^ • or no current, crosses the north hK 
 
 ^v^u^?*"^?'*^-^''*'"/''^ P^^^"®' ^i*^ a clay loam soil on a 
 
 East and south— slightly undulating or level nrairie with 
 quality of loam, friable and not too heavy. Wascana Creek flows 
 
 «nn ^"^-'^^Vf^^^'-Is first class prairie land, with a black loam 
 soil and a heavy clay subsoil. All the even-numbered secW 
 in this towuEhip were, at time of survey, taken up by SQuattZ 
 Who had erected board shanties on their ^^^spectivedaL^fi 
 LTlfiVr^^rsst "^^ "^^'' and no hay or wood of a:; 
 
 links wide 4J feet deep, and has a current running at the rate of 
 about 40 chains per hour ; water good. The C.P.li. is located in 
 this township.— £. /. Rainboth, lb82. 
 
 *u ^^^^*— T^scana Creek runs across the township. The water 
 throughout 18 excellent, and, the soil being first class, makes this 
 w7 T^ ^T!?^- ^^''S'^^P ' T°^ '^' f^^l being in close proi! 
 X^Iy, im '' '^ ^""^ """^ ''''* ""P ^y sloughs.-a i/. 
 
 « .. A*:f rir?-i^L°P^? P7^i^i« Jhere are no ponds and only 
 
 ^rlfH T^i^T'"' "" "' wiiicu ary up aunng the summer, retaining 
 
 water only long enough to grow good hay. Sections 18, 19 anS 
 
 13## part of the town site of £egina.' Wascana Creek rX 
 
196 Jownshipt West of Second Initial Meridian. — Bange XIX. 
 
 through the south part, furnishing a supply of fresh water 
 throughout the summer There is also a small creek emptying 
 into the former in Section 9 ; this contains running water until 
 about the middle of August, when it dries up, except a few deep 
 holes. Soil, a heavy clay loam, 36 to 45 inches deep, with a clay 
 subsoil; first class.— T. S. Gore, 1882. 
 
 IS. Outlines. — ^The north is undulating prairie, with a first class soil. 
 . No wood or water. — G. C. Rainboth, ISS2 
 
 Along the west and east the country is magnificent, being a 
 gently-rolling prairie, and the soil of heavy, rich clay, rated first 
 class It is drained by Boggy Creek, which is 20 links wide and 
 2 feet deep ; water good. — E. J. Rainboth, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Open prairie, part level and part undulating. 
 Boggy Creek traverses it, and it contains clear water of a remark- 
 ably good quality. Wood for fuel can be obtained at a distance of 
 ten miles Soil, clay, from 10 to 14 inches deep, with clay subsoil ; 
 second class.— il. Hamel, 1882. 
 
 19. Outlines —Surveyed the boundaries. The north-east quarter has 
 poplar bluflfs and occasional marshes. Soil, sandy loam ; class 2. 
 The remainder of the lines is open, undulating prairie. Soil, clay 
 and sandy loam ; classes 1 and 2. A cart trail crosses the town- 
 ship, leaving by Section 12 for Qu'Appelle. Gt d farming land. 
 — G. a Rainboth, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.— Gc&Oi&TsWj rolling, but more level in the south 
 part than elsewhere. Q-ood water can be had by sinking from 
 80 to 60 feet. Soil, particularly good in the south, and generally 
 clay, from 6 to 7 inches deep, with clay or sandy subsoil, a little 
 stony in places ; first class.— J. W. D' Amours, 1882. 
 
 ao. Outlines —Th.Q north is rolling prairie, consisting of a rich loam 
 on a clay subsoil, and having numbers of poplar blufis and many 
 ponds of water — W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 The eastern half of this township consists of rolling and un- 
 dulating prairie thickly dotted over by numerous bluflfs of small 
 poplar, with a few small marshes. The south-western part is 
 open, undulating prairie. There is a belt of wood about half a 
 mile wide, situated between Sections 80 and 31. In the north of 
 the latter are a couple of marshes and another on the north half 
 of 19. The soil is a clay loam ; classes 1 and 2. East— rolling 
 prairie and bush of small poplars and willows in clumps about 
 equally divided between prairie and bluffs. Numerous small 
 marshes were crossed. Soil, from 10 to 12 inches deep, on a sand, 
 clay and loam subsoils ; classes 1 and 2. A cart trail crosses the 
 south-east half of Section 24. Good farming land.— Gf. C 
 
 Rainboth, 1882. , , j p 
 
 Sub-division.— Rolling pri>irie, partly covered with islands or 
 bush, aspen and poplar, generally of small size, wood more than 
 
 three inches ia diaiinjici uOiu 
 
 c^/aiuc 
 
 'pv./* .ji-1-i.fof.Q lo Yftther 
 
 gravelly, sandy and stony. Soil, second class.—/. W. D' Amours, 
 
 1882. 
 
r. UAmowh 
 
 31. 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— San^ XIX. 19T 
 
 22 
 
 Outhnes.-SmveYed a 1 the boundaries. Along the north the 
 surface 18 rolmg prairie, with several small marshes and a W 
 bluffs of poplar in Section 32. The north bank of the Q^VeZ 
 valley reaches into Sections 84, 35 and 36. Class 2 throfeut 
 
 Th/^,T'*'n''p-°' ^ "^^ \^'' ^^«^«^ by ravine S hills: 
 The Qu Appelle River crosses Section 18; in the valley of thS 
 river are some good meadow lands and some timber. ^ A larS 
 ravine crosses Section 31. The land in Sections 1, 12 and 13 IT 
 all class 1, and m the remaining sections it is class 2. In thS 
 east there are some large bluff's of poplar. Sections 18 and 24ax2 
 
 fnp'nf^f h '^'^ ^^ ^^T ^^"^ ^^^ ^^^^^««' * «^^11 creek coursi^ 
 one of the ravines In Section 24 a shallow lake submerffes af 
 entire quarter section and in this vicinity there are some ^^ov^ 
 ^iTo.'^^^^i ^^^ north-easterly two-thirds of th^ li^^^n 
 Sect on 25 is submerged by a lake. The Qu'Appelle River croVeJ 
 Section 25 and m Section 36 the banks of the valley rise to a 
 
 Kor ifn^'^L?' 'f^^'' '^^1 agricultural purUeTabn^ 
 1881 township, are classes 1, 2 and 3.— if. Carre, 
 
 Sub-division.— Viairie, the land being, for the most part li^bf 
 and very stony and gravelly, and also 4ch brokT brravSes 
 and gullies, as wcl as by the valley of the Qu'Appelle wWh 
 erodes m an easterly direction. The surface, south of the vTlley 
 IS nearly level, though towards the southern boundary it coml 
 mences to undulate ; the part near the valley is open mairie but 
 
 bS Tb! -^^^^ v*^ *r^^^^P *^«^« ^'^ namerou7popl« 
 bluffs. The river which is here very crooked, runs in a valley 
 
 27 fi f"? "''l*^ two miles in width, and from one hundr^ 
 
 nn ^^^ -i"^-^ ^""""i'l^ ^?"* ^^ ^^P*^' The descent to the val W 
 on either side is much broken by ravines and gullies filled with 
 poplar, birch and cherry. The river is flank?d by large deeD 
 marshes, portions of which appear to be partially drfed uf in the 
 autumn, though doubtless completely inundated in the^spring! 
 fot fiST '' ^r>^.«^^*7 to seventy links wide, and from th?ee t^ 
 tour feet deep, having, m most places, a soft, muddy bottom. It 
 has a current of about two miles an hour, and the water is of 
 ?nof in* '^"^lity for drinking purposes. Soil, from threeto tea 
 ^S^Lt^Tett^^ll: ^^^' ^^ ''^''' ^^^ ---^ ■' ^^-% -ond 
 
 • n ""r^*-~i" *b^ boundaries were surveyed over rolling prairie 
 On the north there are several small marshes and there is a smaU 
 bluff of wood m Section 31. Class 2 throughout. The west is 
 similar to the north, and also class 2. The east is all roUinir 
 prairie ; the northern half has small scattered marshes, thi 
 southern is drier ; the w^iole is class 2.-~H. Oarre 1881 
 
 S«6-rfm5ion.--Rolling and broken prairie, having slouffhg 
 and ponds througl. mt, and in many places very numerous. There 
 are no running streams, but the water in manv nf fh^ «ln«n.i.- ;- 
 pretty gooa. There is very little timber iit for 'fuel. A cart trail 
 to Qu Appelle passes through the township. Soil, three to four- 
 teen inches deep, with sandy clay or gravel for subsoil; generally 
 «9cond class.— £1. Bazett, 1882. ^ 
 
 13J## 
 
TS8 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Bange XIX. 
 
 ! 
 
 S5. 
 
 Outlines. — Surveyed all the boundaries over rollinj? prairie, with. 
 occasional small sloughs and marshes. A cart trail reaches front 
 the north-west half of Section 38 to 18. On the west several 
 bluffs of timber w^ere noticed. On the east there are a few scatter- 
 ing marshes, and the township rates class -1 throughout. — H. Carre^ 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Open, rolling prairie, with the exception of th» 
 western half of Sections 6 and 7, which are covered with bluffs of 
 poplar. Numerous sloughs and water holes occur. The trail to» 
 Touchwood Mission crosses the township in a north-easterly 
 direction. Soil, fairly good, but so intermixed with stone and' 
 gravel that, for agricultural purposes, it can only be rated seconds 
 class.— ^. Bazett, 1882. 
 
 Outlines. — ^North — generally good, rolling land, with swamps im 
 a few places and occasional bluffs of small poplar — E. Bray, 1881.. 
 
 The west and east consist of rolling prairie, except in Sectiom 
 25, which is diagonally crossed by Long Creek and its valley. 
 Class 2 throughout. — H. Carre, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Generally rolling prairie, but towards the west- 
 em boundary are some fine stretches of open, level prairie, and it; 
 is here that the best of the land is to be found. The sloughs are„ 
 for the most part, small and not very numerous. There is almost 
 a total absence of the stone and gravel which occurs to a consider- 
 aole extent in the contiguous townships. A little timber exists im 
 the northern portion, but it is too small for anything but fuel. A. 
 cart trail to Touchwood Mission traverses the township in a north- 
 easterly direction. Soil from 5 to 12 inches deep, with a clayey,, 
 sandy or gravelly^Jsubsoil ; chiefly first class. — E. Bazett, 1882. 
 
 Outlines — All the boundaries consist of open rolling prairie, with 
 some few islands of second-growth poplar and willows in the- 
 south-west and north-east corners. Soil, sandy loam and gravely 
 with generally clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. Long Valley Creek 
 and tributaries run through this township — C. F. Miles, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — The north-east quarter of this township, and' 
 part of the south-east quarter, are high, rolling prairie. Sections 
 7, 8, 9, 6, 6, 4 and 3 are, in general, level prairie and excellent 
 soil. The remaining portion oi the township is knolly and broken 
 with ponds and sloughs. A high ridge of hills, stony and 
 gravelly on their summits, traverses Sections 34, 27, 22, 15 and 10, 
 bordering on the chain of lakes shown in map. A branch of 
 Long Valley Creek travt;rses Sections 25, 24, 14, 11, 2 and t, on 
 either side of which the banks are generally steep, ranging from 
 twenty-eight to seventy-five feet in height ; its valley is from ten 
 to forty feet wide, and contains rich, alluvial soil. The water is- 
 invariably good, both in the creek and lakes. In the two most 
 southerly?tiers of sections, and also in Sections 24, 18, 17, 18 and 
 jy, there are some bluffs of poplar, both green and dry, Suitai,-iC 
 for fuel and fencing. Soil, from four inches to twelve inches 
 deep, with clay subsoil ; first class. — J. A. Snow, 1882. 
 
Townships West of Second Initial Meridian —Range XII. M» 
 
 "»6. Outlines.-'J^orth. and west—open, rolling prairie, with a fe^ 
 t; islands of poplar and willows in the north-east and south-east 
 corners. Soil, sandy loam ; classes 1 and 2. On the east the 
 sandy loam has a clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. A branch of 
 Long Valley Creek runs through this township.— C. F. Miles, 
 1892. 
 
 Sub-division.— The south half is high, rolling prairie, except 
 some portions, which are broken and some occasional large areas 
 of level prairie. The west half is lower land, slightly rolling. 
 The north-east quarter and part of the south-east quarter are 
 traversed by creeks lying generally in deep ravines, which, at the 
 time of survey, were dry. There are few ponds and marshes, and 
 those probably owing to the number of small creeks mentioned. 
 In Sections 29 and 20 there is a small lalce, principally marshy, 
 into which some of these creeks empty. There is no wood, except 
 in the eastern tier of sections, on which there are bluffs of small 
 poplar and willow, adapted for fencing. Soil, four inches to 
 twelve inches deep, with clay or gravel subsoil; second class. 
 Some small tracts are rather gravelly on the surface.— J. A. Snow, 
 lo82. 
 
 »7. Outlines.--'The greater part of all the boundaries consists of open; 
 rolling prairie. Soil, sandy loam, with a few boulder s in places l 
 clay subsoil. Classes 1 and 2.—C. F. Miles, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township, with the exception of a 
 strip about a mile and a half wide, on the east side, is open, 
 rolling prairie, rather high and dry, there being very few sloughs 
 of any size. A gully, about 50 feet deep, with a dry creek at the 
 bottom of it, runs in a southern direction through the township. 
 The soil is mixed clay, clay loam, sandy loam and gravel, and 
 would rank as class 2 for agricultural purposes. The timber con- 
 sists of several poplar and willow bluffs, best suited for fuel. 
 
 C. E. Fiiton, 1883. 
 
 28. Outlines.— The north is dry, rolling, undulating prairie, with bluft 
 of low poplar and willow scrub, and a few small grass marshe* 
 and ponds. Soil, clay loam ; class 2. Several creeks.— PT. T. 
 Thompson, 1881. 
 
 The greater part of the west and south consists of open, 
 rolling prairie. Soil, sandy loam, with a few boulders in places; 
 <;lay subsoil. Classes I and 2.—C. F. Miles, 18^-2. 
 
 The east is rolling prairie, with numerous isloughs and bluffi* 
 of poplar, and a rich sandy loam soil, but, in places, gravelly, par- 
 ticularly on the ridges. Owing to the wetness oi the locality, it 
 IS unavailable for immediate settlement. Classes 2 and 8 — A. WL 
 Mc Vittie, 1882. ; 
 
 Sub-division.— The west half of this township is an opei^ 
 rolling prairie, broken with small gullies, and interspersed with 
 numerous small sloughs ; but the east half is covered with, 
 numerous bluffs of poplar and willow. The bluffs at the south- 
 east corner, and those in the northern part of the towns'np, are 
 ^«mall, hardly more than brush, while those in the central and. 
 
99. 
 
 SOO fbuftuhipi West of Second Initial Meridian. -^Ban^ XIX. 
 
 soatherly portion are of some size, though not larffe, the timber 
 being from 2 to o incLes in diameter. The soil, in the open 
 part of the township, its rather sandy, with some gravel, while 
 that in the blulfs is more of a loam, and might be rated, for agri- 
 cultural purposes, as classes 2 and 8. A branch of the Prince 
 Albert trail passes through the north-east corner.— C. E. Fitton, 
 1888. 
 
 Outlines. — "West— high-rolling and dry prairie. Numerous small 
 marshes were crossed. Soil, from 4 to 6 inches deep, on a sand 
 subsoil ; class 2. An old cart trail crosses Section 7. East— 
 rolling prairie, with young poplar bluffs ; from 1 to 8 feet of water 
 was found in every bluff. Soil, from 8 to 6 inches deep, on sand 
 and clay subsoils ; classes 1 and 2.— A. C. Talbot, 1888. 
 
 Sub-division.— The western half of this township is high, dry, 
 rolling prairie, and the eastern half is rolling prairie, interspersed 
 with poplar and willow scrub and bluffs of small poplar only suit- 
 able for fuel. There are some ponds and sloughs containing good 
 water in the south-eastern quarter, but the rest of it is dry, and 
 drained by ravines running west. The soil is a sandy and gravelly 
 loam, very stony in places, with clay subsoil. For farming, this 
 township may be considered class 3.— T. S. Gore, 1884. 
 
 Outlines.— The west is rolling prairie. A few small marshes 
 were crossed. Small creeks in Sections 6 and 19. Section 81 is 
 partly submerged by a lake in the south-east ; it extends 1| miles 
 west. The north half is broken by hills and a large marsh ; the 
 former extends IJ miles west, and the latter 1 J miles west. Sub- 
 soil, sand and clay ; cla&ses 2 and 3. The east is rolling prairie, 
 with young poplar bluffs ; water was found in every bluff. A 
 small creek, in a valley 25 feet deep, crosses Section 1 ; it is 6 inches 
 deep, slow current, and good water. A small creek, 4 feet wide, 
 12 inches deep, swift current, good water, and a cart trail, from 
 Touchwood Hills to Prince Albert, cross Section 26. The cart trail 
 and telegraph line to Prince Albert cross Section S>5. Soil, from 6 
 to 6 inches deep on a sand and clay subsoil ; class 2.— A. C. 
 Talbot, 1883. 
 
 Sub-division. — All open prairie, with the exception of little 
 clumps of second-growth poplar and willow scattered through the 
 eastern quarter of it. ihe soil is principally a sandy and gravelly 
 loam, with clay subsoil. There are a good many alkaline flats in 
 the western portion ol" the township. The country is generally 
 dry and rolling, with very few sloughs, it being drained by 
 ravines running in a westerly direction. For agricultural pur- 
 poses this township may be classed 3.— T. 5. Gore, 1884. 
 Outlines. — The west is rolling and level, open prairie. Numerous 
 marshes. Alluvial soil, 5 inches deep, on sand and clay subsoils ; 
 classes 1 to 4. Trail and telegraph line to Prince Albert cross 
 Section 19. The north quarter of this section is an alkaline plain. 
 Large marshes, with two feet of water, are situated in the north- 
 west of Section 18, and the south-east of St .^tion 6, The eastis 
 level and rolling, open, dry prairie, with a few small marshes. 
 
Tifwmhips West of Second Initial Meridian.—Rangt JJX 201 
 
 Alluvial soil, from 6 to 6 inches deep, on a sand subsoil ; class 2. 
 —A. C. Talbot, 1888. 
 
 Sub-division.— ThQ western and north-eastern portion of the 
 township consists of rolling prairie land. The soil in this part is 
 chiefly a dark sandy loam, with a subsoil of white alkaline clay, 
 mixed with sand. Alkaline lakes and sloughs of large size are 
 numerous. These lakes are quite shallow, none exceeding 5 feet 
 in depth, and cover areas ranging from 100 to 400 acres. The 
 southern extremity of Quill Lake enters this part of the township, 
 where it gradually narrows into Saline Creek. Thiw creek, cross- 
 ing the north boundary of Section 20, flows into the lake in 29, 
 The south-eastern portion of the township is more heavily rolling 
 prairie land, with scattered bunches of small poplar and willow- 
 brush here and there. On most of the elevations in this part of 
 the township fine gravel and surface etones occur. The telegraph 
 line and trail to Battleford and Prince Albert pass diagonally 
 through the township, entering it at Section 2, on the south 
 boundary, and leaving it at Section 19, on the west boundary. 
 There is an iron spring situated at the extreme north-east comer 
 of Section 9, which, with one or two f.loughs, almost dry, may bo 
 said to be the only water fit for use in the township. The soil 
 bare is dark sandy loam, with chief! v light clay subsoil, mixed in 
 places with stones and gravel. TKere is no wood suitable for 
 fuel.— il. O. Wheeler, 1884. 
 
 Outlines— The north is low, alkaline prairie land, with many 
 ponds and bluffs of willow. Big Quill Lake enters Section 86. 
 Soil, sandy and black loam, with alkaline clay subsoil : classes 2 
 and 8 —T. Drummond, 1888. 
 
 The west is rolling and level, open prairie, with alkaline and 
 salt plains and numerous marshes. Soil, 6 to 6 inched deep, on a 
 clay subsoil; classes 1 to 4.-^1. C. Tafbot, l-(88. 
 
 Sub'division.-^Gently-roWmg prairie land. An arm of Big 
 Quill Lake passes diagonally through the easitern portion of the 
 township, effectually dividing it into two parts ; while again a 
 amall arm of the same lake may be found breaking in upon Sections 
 86 and 3d. In these the water is strongly alkaline and unfit for 
 use; the shores are low and, in many places, mjirshy. Several 
 large alkaline slough* are to be met with in the north-western 
 portion of the township, and a largw alkaline pond in the south- 
 eastern. An iron spring on the south-west quarter of Section 15, 
 and one on the south-east quarter of Section 2 ^, contain the only 
 fi-esh water to be found in the township. The soil consists chiefly 
 of a dark sandy loam, with a subsoil, south of the labs of white 
 clay, and north of the lake, of light brown and white or yellow 
 clay. A large proportion of alkali is mingled with the soil 
 throughout the township— il. O. Wheeler, 1884 
 
 88. Outlines. — The west is rolling prairie, witji a great many bluffs ; 
 water from 2 to 4 feet was found in the bluffs Soil, from 6 to 6 
 
 is level prairie, with small willow blufFs ; water was found in 
 
 38. 
 
M 
 
 202 Towmhips Wett of Second Initial Meridian— Rangt XIX. 
 
 every bluff and several small marshes. Soil, from 2 to 6 inches 
 deep, on a sand and clay subsoil. Class 2 throughout. Big Quill 
 Lake enters the township on Sections 1 and Vz. — A. C lalbot 
 ltt83. • 
 
 Sub-division. — This township is rolling and uneven in the 
 western portion; gently-undulating in the northeastern and 
 centre parts, while in the south it may be regarded as level On 
 Sections 17, 18, 19, 20, 29, 80, 81 and 82 may be found alternate 
 prairie with poplar and willow bluffs. The timber in these bluffs 
 is small, and does not exceed six inches in diameter. There is a 
 large poplar bluff on Section 27, in which the timber will quite 
 average 8 inches. In the balance of the township, scattered 
 bunches of willow brush are numerous, becoming thicker and of 
 ^eater extent as the north boundary is approached. Fresh water 
 18 very plentiful, especially in the northern portion of the town- 
 ship, and may be found in sloughs and ponds, several of the latter 
 being of largo size. The entire township is covered by a luxuriant 
 growth of grass, and is admirably adapted for stock-raising or 
 agricultural purposes, as it affords good feed, shelter and water in 
 abundance. The soil consists of a rich black loam, with chieflv 
 brown sandy-clay subsoil.— 4. O. Wheeler, 1884. 
 
 OM//me».— Surveyed the east and west boundaries of this town- 
 ship. So far as noticeable, the surface eastwards is level, and the 
 soil a clay loam on a clay subsoil ; class I. Small bluffs of willow- 
 were frequent, with water in every bluff. On the west the 
 prairie is undulating, with poplar and willow in the south one- 
 third, and low and wet land in the north two-thirds. In places 
 there is clay loam, but elsewhere there is much sand and graveL 
 and the rating is not over 2 — il. C. Talbot, 1883. 
 
 Sub-division.— ^VLTveyed the boundaries and sub-divided this 
 township. There is a heavy growth of grey willow, and amongst 
 this there are scattered poplars. There are open patches of prairie, 
 and as the surface is very little broken by wet land, and the soil 
 is a good loam and free from alkali, it is admirably adapted for 
 settlement. Most of the small creeks rise in the hills, and contain 
 pure water. There is sufficient fine, healthy poplar, large enough, 
 for fence rails, on nearly every quarter-section. Hay marshes 
 abound along the north boundary, and from there northwards. 
 There is a large amount of timber suitable for buildin» in the 
 adjoining township to the south.— £. C. Caddy, 1884. ° 
 
 84. 
 
7. 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERTDIAI^. 
 
 Ranob XX. 1 
 
 *' £"'i'7'-Tlie west is rolling prairie. A few stones and caciac 
 
 Classes 1 and 2. Some marshes were crossed. A small creek 
 
 fZLi^'r^V ?"7> ^«^*^°^ 6- ^«°d agricultural land^ 
 adapted for wheat cultivation. -J. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 f^Atit^flV^o'^yPi"*^"®'*^® ^"^« averaging from 40 io 29 
 leet in neight. Several swamps and ponds. A larce alkaliiu* 
 lake IS situated in Sections 1, 12 and 18^ This partT nnfit fc 
 farming purposes —A. O. Wheeler, 188S. 
 
 *' o^S?r'~P%'^^'*. " ^^"^"^ P^*^"«- Several marches wem 
 crossed, and a few stones and cactus were found scattered about, 
 jSoil, clay loam and clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. Good iarmiiur 
 land well adapted for wheat growing-/. McLatchie, 1881. 
 ««^ oc m ^® ^°^""^ prairie Creeks cross Sections 12, 18. 24 
 and 25. Two cart trails cross the south-east half of Sectioa 3«L 
 «nif ^^^•H^°''^'*^^^^Sht to heavy clay subsoil; classes 2 
 and 8. Fair farming land.— ^. O. Wheeler, 1888. ^^ 
 
 S!rS"T^^'*~i^^^5^ ?y*^"«- '^^^ ^^11« a^« generally from 8(» 
 
 l^l^A ^^?7%^^^, "'^"^y^' ^^^^^ "« scattered with mardw. 
 and ponds.—O. J. Klotz, 1881. ^^ 
 
 T.nT,,l!^o^ ®^* '' '■""'''^ h ^®^y ^^l^y l*^d- Small marshes and 
 Fr^t /l''??^^''of- /large pond occupies many acres in tlie 
 south of Section 36 A dry coulee crosses Section 25. This parC 
 
 IraHnt iir ^°^^?rr?' f*'""^"^ Purposes. it would makeb^BT 
 grazing land.— il. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 OM//i»e,._North-dry, undulating and level prairie. Percral 
 dry, grassy valleys which contain creaks in early spring Soil- 
 only medium &oing west in this township the surface become* 
 more undulating towards the Dirt Hills. West-hilly pnariec 
 Ihe soil 18 good and the depressions fairly supplied with wat«r. 
 — U. J. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 nrn= J^® ^^^ '% !?"'"^ P""^^"® ^^^^ ^cvcral marshes were 
 l!™ ' -.T^i ""^ ^^^^ containing water. Soil, sandy and clky 
 loams, with clav and sand subsoils ; classes 2 and 3 A cart traU 
 irom Viu Appelle to Wood Mountain crosses Section 24. Ear 
 farming land.— il. O Wheeler, l88J<. 
 
 0«j/mes.-The north and east are generally level, with soras 
 undulating and rolling prairie, and may be ranked as clasa t 
 ivl? 'j t'^^^yy <^lay loam, well adapted for the growtfe ot} 
 Wheat and for farming purposes, and well watered by hsw 
 marshes and creeks. This township slopes towards a small la]^ 
 m ^tbe centre, out of which a small cr^ek flows ; a few woodadL 
 aU.„ep, open oat ou the Missouri Coieau.— P. R. A. Bilanger, 1882- 
 iHe west IS hilly prairie ; the soil becomes better than fuitbeB: 
 
 8. 
 
*04 nwHshipt Wett of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XX. 
 
 eaat ; vegetation is stronger, more general and not ro much in 
 detached localities. There is a little wood in the coulC'cs. — 0, J. 
 JOotz, 1881 
 
 Sub-division- -la admirably suited for farming purposes. The 
 -■oil is a deep, easily- worked clay, ol very rich quality. The centre 
 of the township is occupied by a large, deep marsh which, from 
 the quantity of water on it, might almost in fact be termed a 
 l^ke. Toward the south-east it becomes dry, and here, an inei- 
 liaustible supply of hay can be obtained. The water is fresh and 
 
 food. This township slopes from the north to the foot of the 
 [isBouri Coteau, which is here very sharply defined. In con- 
 sequence of this, Sections 6 and 6 are too much broken to be of 
 any value from an agricultural point of view. There is no wood 
 (of any kind. — S. L. Brabazon, 1882. 
 
 3^ fhUlines. — Along the north and east boundaries the surface i** 
 Tolling prairie, broken by ravines in which are abundance of 
 «toue», suited for building purposes, and also pools of water. 
 ^Two fine creeks were crossed on Section 24 and another on 25, 
 iJ>e latter flowing north-east. Patches of shrubbery in some of 
 the ravines. The soil rates classes 1 and 2. In the south the 
 flmrface is oi)en, undulating prairie. — P. JR. A. B^langer, 1882. 
 
 Along the west the soil is better than further east ; vegetation 
 is less stunted and grows in much less detached localities, There 
 are several ponds in the depressions. O. J. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Is very r^ugh, and broken by deep ravines and 
 gullies, which are dotted with boulders of all sizes. Soil is chiefly 
 .« hard, lumpy clay, with no alluvial covering ; unfit for agricul- 
 tural purposes. The water in the creek, flowing through the 
 northern part of the township, is unfit for use, being strongly 
 alkaline. Fresh water is very scarce. No wood. — S. L. Brabazon, 
 1882. 
 
 11- Outlines. — ^The surface is rolling in the east, and undulating and 
 
 l«vel in the north. The land rates class 1, the soil being a heavy 
 
 clay loam, well adapted to wheat growing. Two creeks were 
 
 crossed on Section 3t^, and one on each of the following sections, 
 
 "viz., 33, 24 and 13 ; the latter flows north-westerly. No wood. — 
 
 JP. B A. Bilanger, 1882, 
 
 Going south on the west line, the first 2 miles are rolling, 
 'nvith heavy clay soil, class 1, and good wheat land. Near the 
 .southern limit of Section 19, this line is crossed by a creek flow- 
 ing south-east, and south of it> the surface is mostly veiy hilly 
 and broken by ravines. Soil, heavy clay, with some gravel and 
 ;rtones ; classes 2 and 3. No wood — ^1. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — The greater part of the southern portion of 
 this township is very rough and unfit for cultivation on account 
 of deep ravines, the sides and bottoms of which are thickly strewn 
 with boulders. In the northern part the land is a beautiful level 
 plain, rather low, but capable of easy drainage. The soil is a fine, 
 brown clay. It is watered by two creeks, in both of which the 
 water is alkaline and of inferior quality. There is no wood. — 
 Ji. Xi. Brabazon, 1882. 
 
18. 
 
 Tbwnshipi Weu of Ser-td Initial Meridian.—Rangt XX. 20<» 
 
 ^ w''*""r^?'*^ '^'^^ west-roD'ng or undulating pvairie Soil 
 heavy clay oam ; class 1. Excellent wheat lanaN««rf]^i' 
 northern limit of Section 80 the west line^rosL a ceek flowing 
 north-west. No wood.-^ C. Webb, 1881. " ' "owing 
 
 Jiast and south-level and undulating prairie Soil hfl«v^ 
 f^Vj\- i^^'' ^' l^'''' ""'^^^^ «^« cro««ed by the south lin J 
 
 othTtrst^N^o^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 growing and farming purposestl^P.t 1 P.W^r ^88^ "'"' 
 , Sub.divtswn.^lB undulating prairie, nearly level ranked 
 
 first class. Excellent wheat aSd farmiAg land Wate/pH K^ 
 Moose Jaw Creek. Some few small hay marshes A few natchZ 
 bL'Kt'^' suitable only for fuel, are^to be met wfth aVngthe 
 banks of the creek. Water in creek is fresh and good.-iTa/fl,rf! 
 
 ^liil" ~~^°'*^ ''''\ ea«t-gently.rolling prairie, with a few 
 
 There L a l«r J?>, f I' '°?*^' .^"^ drains into Moose Jaw Creek. 
 «hip An old V«n ""^^^^^A- ^" *h? «°^thern part of this town- 
 win A\Ar^^\ ^^'^^^^^ diagonally. Good agricultural land 
 well adapted for wheat cultivation -^4. F. Co^4 T«82 
 
 West and south-undulating prairie. Soil, heavy clav vei-v 
 
 aloni'tSe wel ^l^n*'^ ^°^ wheatVowing. A f;w aXlmpToS 
 along the west line. No wood.—^. C. Webb, 1881 
 
 5«6.rf«y»«o«.-l8 rolling and undulating prairie. Soil jrener- 
 
 slLVf ?^ ^^^^^T, ^"°^- ^^«^* ^«^d. Water-can be procufed'n 
 some of the marshes. .No wood of any kind.-£. Fafard!m2 
 
 Outhnes.^JfioTih. and east-gently-rolling prairie. Alluvial soil 
 clay loam ; subsoil, white clay ; class 1.^ There is very ll tie surl 
 
 if thTs^;Vnlr ™i- 1 ^ ^^^* ''^1 ^^^««- ^^« souTh^eit co;n4 
 a-J.Af ^°^°^^,^P- 4 large marsh was crossed in Section J 3 
 
 S« iTs?^ '''^' ""'" ^^'^''^ ^"^ ^^^««* cultivation -A 1: 
 
 x^h^InlZ^^^n "^^"^^,*in& prairie, with a hard clay soil. Good 
 wheat land. Occasional swamps.-^. C. Webb, 1881 
 
 Oa</mM.-North -slightly undulating prairie; soil class 1 
 
 fi,o ^^ gently-roiling prairie. The only marsh of any size is in 
 ^esouth-eas corner of township. Soil, a clay loam subsoif 
 
 Srfe. '^" ''"''' '^'' ""''^ ^"« ^'''^ ^^d good.-A f: 
 
 West — undulatinff and rrorxr >>nTY,w.^^i — -...•_ * „ 
 
 medium sized marshes wer7crossk."'£irr4avyT% ; tlassl 
 
 14. 
 
 15 
 
a06 7hwn$hips West of Second Initial Meridian.— Rang* XX. 
 
 througkout. Good farming land, well adapted for grain grow 
 ing.— TT. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-divition. — Is level prairie, of first cla«fl quality, with 
 alluvial Hoil iruiu i) tu 12 iitchea in depth. Some tew hay marishw 
 were mot with, but no w Jod of any kind — F. E. Bruntitle, 1882. 
 
 JW. Outlines. — This township consists of superior quality of pround, 
 but some portions seem to be covered by largo marshes. There w 
 no woorl — C. D>'»jnr(iin», 1882. 
 
 West — undulating and very huramocky prairie. Soil. heaTj 
 clay ; class 1 throughout. Good farming land, well suited for 
 grain.— IT. P<:ar(e, 1881. 
 
 East— gently-rolling prairie. Soil, clay loam on a subsoil of 
 white clay ; class 1. Water is a little scarce and there is no wood. 
 — il. F. Cotton, 1882. 
 
 Sub-divixion. — Is fine, level farming land, with a very fire 
 hay meadow in the north-west corner of the township. Averani 
 depth of alluvial soil is 8 inches, >/ ith a heavy blue clay subsoiu 
 There is very little water, and no wood. — /. J. Francis, 1882. 
 
 VT. Outlines.— 'Sorth. and east — the country here is magnificent, beings 
 a gently-rolling prairie, and having heavy, rich clay ; rated first 
 class. It is drained by Wascana Creek, which is 1 chain and 16 
 links wide, 4J feet deep, and has a current running at the rate of 
 about 40 chains per hour ; water lojood. The C.P.R. is located in. 
 this township. — E. J Rainhoth, 1882. 
 
 The west is undulating and hummocky prairie. Soil, heavy 
 clay; class 1. Wascana Creek crosses the line three times in the 
 north-west half of Section 31. Good farming land, well suited for 
 grain growing — IF. Pearce, 1881, 
 
 Sub-division — Open, undulating prairie. There are but fevr 
 ponds or marshes, and these few dry up during the summer, 
 leaving good hay meadows. Wascana Creek flows from south- 
 east to north west. It contains the best of water, and in the 
 middle of summer averages about one chain wide, with a depth, 
 of three or four loet. The town site of Regina includes Sections 
 18, 21 and 2-5. Soil, a heavy clay loam, about forty inches deep, 
 with clay subsoil ; first class. The C.P.R. crosses the township. 
 — T. S. Gore, 1882. 
 
 218. Outlines. — Nort?i — undulating prairie; soil, class 1. Boggy Creek; 
 flowing north cToi,yip ubout mil'^ay on Section 31. — G. G. Raiw 
 both, 1882. 
 
 West — rolling and undulating hummocky prairie. Soil, 
 heavy clay ; Sections 6 and 7 are class 1, the remainder class 2. 
 An old cart trail crosses Section 6. A cart trail to Qu'Appelle crosses 
 Section 18. Good agricultural land, well adapted for grain grow- 
 ing.— TT. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 On the east the country is magnificent, being a gently-rolling 
 prairie, and the soil of heavy, rich clay, rated first class. It is 
 drained by Boggy Creek, which is 20 links wide and 2 feet deep 
 "water good. — E. J. Rainboth, 1882. 
 
gram grow- 
 
 Tbufnshipt We$t of Second Initial MeHdian.—Ranfn XX. 20» 
 
 ♦».n *^*:''**'*i'''"r--^^^P^ai"o,pait level and part undulatiiiK. In 
 l^f,f:,^,*^/,f,^/f^^ "0 broken by I3oW Creek. bS? ti* 
 
 ....... s.ope so gently that they cause no deterioration. The watflr- 
 
 m the creek i« gooi Wood may be obtained within a few Ji^eJ^ 
 the townHh.p contains none. SoiU to 10 inches derpwitk 
 «andy clay or sandy loam subsoil; first class.- J. W SinT^ 
 
 an 
 
 ^f»"f' -North, south and east-level and undulating prairie 
 
 this township, m a valley about 150 feet below <' iraine 
 Poplar and scrub ni some of the ravines and ooulfies. Some or 
 
 ^onlTfiTr? ^\ %r^^^^ P"'^^^*'"' ^"* *^« greater poHio/ 
 M only fit for luel. The ravines in the valley are partly wooded 
 with poDlar and scrub. This valley is aboit 60 chains ucro^ 
 ^e creek being 80 links wide, witi a sluggish current 3 fS 
 deep, and a clay bottom. The south line passes WughTsplen^d 
 
 ISSl^^*^"^^^*"^ ^^*"^®' ""^^ excellent soil.— ?F. T Thampum^ 
 
 ^„^ S«*-*/»««si''».-All prairie, part level and part undulatinir 
 «nd generally dry, except on Sections 10 and 16, where there is » 
 
 iantt r'"Pp ^^^'' r.''"^' ^«P«^ and willow along tU 
 i^^L ?i?^^^ P'^l\ ^.^'"^^ ^^'^^'^^^ the township from southi 
 east to north-west Soil, from 4 to 9 inches deep with clay or 
 Bandy loam subsoil ; generally fir«t class-/. W. D^AmmrTml 
 
 ^^ f;//i«f^ -North- undulating prairie. Soil, a good quality, being- 
 a rich loam, on a clay subsoil The poplar bluff's which rxow 
 
 To lis «S ^r;f h'^A'^^^^^ ^^^ Qu'Appelle Valley crS; 
 
 aeciions uS, 34 aud 35. The river is very crooked, about 60 feet 
 wide, and 4 to 6 feet deep. The land immediatel'y south of ^ 
 valley is very stony West-open, undulating prairie ^ 
 
 Sections 80 and 81. South of this, Sections 18 and 19 are brok^ 
 by the valley of the Qu'Appelle River, and also by a tribuS 
 
 East and south-nndulating and level prairie. Olav and 
 
 ntLr?S ih^'n* ^^a'^"'?/' * '^"" proportion class 2. A small 
 tributary of the Qu'Appelle crosses the south part of this town> 
 snip, X oplar and scrub in ravines and coulees. The poplars int 
 win. of the ravines are fit tor building, but the greater ?^?tion S 
 fit for fuel only.— G C. Rainhoth, 1«82. 
 
 Subdivision. Prairie, part level and part undulating trar- 
 ersed by the Qu'Appelle Elver from soutlwest to S-^I 
 There are some islands of orush, 8«pen. willow ash and ^Im 
 jJong the slopes of the kills, also on tL C of^he banksVp?^^ 
 
 t^'nfJ—'i''' '?' "?'' Z^''^ ^ i*««l^ bordered by belts 5- 
 wood, of a similar character. None of it exceeds 8 inches idiam«t«r. 
 
 i^^Zf^l^'^' ^^X ^'T " * i",*^'' ^*y- ^°i^' l^g^t "id sandy, pt^l 
 Hcularly along the slopes of the hills, but on the tops of th^ Wll* 
 
208 Township f Wett cf Second Initial Meridian— Range XX 
 
 and in the flats of the Qu'Appelle, the land is good for agricul- 
 tural purposes ; chiefly second class, with some first and third. — 
 J. W. D' Amours, 1882. 
 
 Sll. Outlines — ^The north is rolling prairie. Numerous small marshes 
 and bluffs of timber. A cart trail crosses Section 86. ClasB 2 
 throughout. On the east, the north quarter of Section 12 and 
 the south three-quarters of 24 are broken by ravines and hills. 
 The Qu'Appelle Kiver crosses the north half of Section 18, and 
 flows north-east ; the valleys of this river are good meadow lands. 
 Timber along its banks. A large ravine crosses from north-west 
 to south-east through Section 36. The land in Sections 1, 12 and 
 18 is class 1, in the remaining, class 2. — H. Carre, 1881. 
 
 The west is undulating surface, dotted with bluflFs of poplar 
 and a few ponds. The soil is a rich loam, on a clay subsoil, and 
 the township lies in a good agricultural district. — W. T. Thompson^ 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling country ; in the north-west portion 
 covered with thick clumps of brule and dense underbrush ; else- 
 where, dotted over with scattered poplar bluffs, there beine 
 sufficient wood to meet the requirements of settlers for fuel, 
 fencing and building material. Soil, generally first class. — 
 Clemonti and Hewson, 1881. 
 
 J82. Outlines. — The north is rolling prairie, with small bluffs of tim- 
 ber. A cart trail crosses Section 34. Class 2. Q-ood farming 
 land. The east is rolling prairie. A great many small marshes 
 were crossed. Class 2 throughout. — H. Carre, 1881. 
 
 Wept — high, dry, rolling prairie, with bJaffs of poplar and 
 ■willow, scrub and thick timber. Soil, gritty and sandy loams, 
 with a clay subsoil. Sections 6 and T are class 2, the remainder 
 class 1. Water scarce. Good agricultural land. — W. T. Thompson, 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — ^Taken as a whola, this township must be called 
 second class for farming purposes. The soil is light and sandy, 
 and, in many places, stony and giavelly. Numerous sloughs are 
 found throughout, in most cases fringed with a dense growth of 
 willow bushes, and, in some instances, with bluffs of poplar, which 
 will afford a plentiful supply of fuel for some time to come. The 
 water in some of these sloughs is moderately good. The general 
 surface of the country is rolling, with numerous bluffs of sm<ill 
 poplar and willow. The Qu'Appelle and Long Lake and Touch- 
 wood Hills trails pass through this township. — E. Bazett, 1882. 
 
 28. Outlines. 
 poplar. 
 The east 
 timber. 
 Class 2.- 
 
 — North — open, rolling prairie, with bluffs of young 
 No water. Classes 1 and 2. G-ood agricultural land, 
 is rolling prairie. Many small marshes, and bluffs of 
 A cart trail crosses the South-east half of Section 13. 
 -H. Carre, 1881. 
 The west of this township is nearly all good land, thickly 
 Uuliud with poplar and willow biuiis. — E. Bray, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division, — Is all of an inferior quality for agricultural 
 purposes. Soil is light, gravelly and stony. With the exception 
 
Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XT. f?09 
 
 bluffs ^;^|^'«f t.^^ner (which is open prairie) it is coverod witJi 
 
 he w.flr t S- ^^' ^""^ '^\\'^^' ^**^ numerous small slougha, 
 the water in ,^rhich is generally fresh and good. TheTouchwaS 
 
 -rSaJe'u, f«ir '''""^^ '^' south-east?orner of the t?^7^ 
 
 24. OM//e«es.--The north is generally good, rolliaj? land with 
 occasional swamps. No wood. ^The w4t 7s rofling oln^^ 
 
 The east is rolling prairie. Marshes of small size wcra 
 crossed ; many dry. Class 2.~H. Carre, 1881 
 
 i>M6-</tvmo«.— The eastern half is open, rolling nrairie- tht^ 
 western half is dotted with clumps of new-growth fo&Tsirudl 
 
 Sana subsoil ; second class.— ^. LeBer, 1882. 
 
 ^*^* sSf ?Sh7'!i'^"''f^ ^' ^'P'i'' ^^^^^"S prairie, with gravelly knolfa. 
 and 2^Vr. '.^S^"" ^."^ 8^^^^^' ^^t*^ claysuBsoil; classeri 
 wi]lnw« I -i^^'* J^'i* ^'^ ^"^^^^^^ of second-growth poplar and 
 w lows. Soil, sandy loam and gravel, with generally clafsX 
 soil; classes 1 and 2.-^ C. F. Miles, 1882. ^ ^ 
 
 West--going north, the first two miles are hilly with Last 
 Mountain lying to the west ; after which the line^p^ses o^r 
 open rolling prairie with an excellent soil.-^ Bmy ^881 
 
 Sub-divxsion.—VrAiriQ, generally rolling, with the eic'enti«n 
 
 are broken and knolly. In Sections 14 and 16 there are a^m^ 
 
 prominent hills, varying in height from 75 feet to 100 fe Jt ^^ 
 
 arge boulders on their summits. The most westerly tier of^ 
 
 MTntTl^lT"'' ^" 7^^* '' ^««^°^«^ly know/as the W 
 Mountain, and these are traversed by a valley in which there^ 
 a fe^-v small marshes and ponds ; the former are p™y dry In SI 
 summer and afford excellent hay. On Sections 1, 12, 13, 248 
 
 sSe fromir fi'"''^'" Ft'P^^, ^^^^«' *^« timber ;axyng'i^ 
 size from 2 to 6 inches. Usually, small ponds of water am 
 
 Soirrema^kablS*'' of these bluffs. ' Water, excellent thrugho^ 
 boil, remarkably good, varying from 10 to 18 inches deen with 
 the exceptions of Sections 31 to 36, inclusive wK are enXtS 
 gravelly, the subsoil being a rich clay ; first dasslfrif^. 
 
 ^^ Wmr;r:?' ^^k*^/' T""^ ^^^^^^^ P^^^^^- ^^^^^ «oil of sandy 
 loam and clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. The east is ooen roll- 
 
 east. Soil, sandy loam ; classes 1 and 2.-C F. Miles, 1882. 
 -E ]BraJ,lm °^''' ^ ^""^ ^'^"''^' "^'^^ * ^"""^ farming soiL 
 
 hills ^nrf"f£."'''''r^-Pr' ^"il^^'^S P'^i"«' ^«^y broken, with aall 
 hills^on the west side. The soil, eenerallv. is o}f.L^^ 2 and 3. 
 
 eSv dirpnfin« 'T' ^V\l '^^^y ^'^^^^^- ^ &«"y ^^^ aa east: 
 ^riL oAi^ *i'°"8^ ^^^ °^^*^« of the township, with a dry 
 creek at the oottom of it. With the exception of a few siS 
 
SIO 
 
 ^wnships West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XX. 
 
 '*T 
 
 28. 
 
 Rlongbs, the surface is completely dry, and the township is of 
 very little use for either agriculture or grazing purposes. — C. JB. 
 Fitton, 1883. 
 
 Outlines. — The north is open, rolling prairie. Soil, sandy loam, 
 sad clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. The greater part of the east 
 consists of open, rolling prairie. Soil, sandy loam, with a few 
 boulders in places ; clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2.—C. F. Miles, 1882. 
 
 West — high, dry, open, rolling and undulating prairie. Ponds 
 and small grass marshes were crossed. Soil, clay loam, with a clay 
 subsoil, gravelly on ^'dges ; class 2. The north-west half of Sec- 
 tion 18 is class o. Basin Lake, with clear water, is situated in 
 Sections 31 and 30. A grassy inlet flows into the lake, and a trail 
 io.the 1 ouchwood Hills Mission crosses south of it. A large grass 
 marsh and pond are situated in the south-east half of Section 18. 
 —W. T Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Open, rolling prairie, and rather high and dry, 
 there being very few sloughs. The soil generally is sandy loam, 
 with clay subsoil, but gravelly and, in some places, stony on the 
 tops of the knolls. On the whole, it would make a fair agricultural 
 township ; classes 1, 2 and 6. — C. E. Fitton, 1883. 
 
 Outlines. — The north and west consist of high, dry, open, rolling 
 prairie. On the north the soil is clay loam over a clay subsoil, 
 with gravelly ridges and loamy bottoms ; class 2. On the west, 
 a few small marshes were crossed, and the soil is sandy and clay 
 loams, with clay and gravelly subsoils, stony and gravelly on 
 ridges ; class 2. The dry bed of a w^atercourse crosses Sections 
 BO, 18, "7 and 6, the banks of which are 25 feet high. No wood. 
 Very little water. Good agricultural land on both lines. — W. T. 
 Thompson, 18a2. 
 
 Over the greater part of the east boundary the surface consists 
 .of open, rolling prairie. Soil, sandy loam, with a few boulders in 
 places ; clay subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. — C. F. Miles, 1882. 
 
 Sub-divisian. — High, open, rolling prairie, and very dry, 
 broken with lour valleys running in easterly and westerly direc- 
 tion through the township. The soil is sandy loam, sand, and, in 
 high places, gravel, and miffht be rated as classes 2 and 8 for agri- 
 cultural purposes. — C. E. Fitton, 1888. 
 
 , Outtints. — "West— rolling and undulating prairie, with grass 
 meadows. Soil, clay " id gravelly loams, with clay subsoil, 
 gravelly on ridges ; class 2. Section *7 is broken by an open 
 water lake, with marshy and grassy shores in the north-west half 
 a large grassy hay marsh, with 3 feet of water, extends west from 
 this lake ; the openings in this section are good ; land class 2. 
 Ck>od farming land. — W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 The east is high, dry, rolling prairie, with numerous small 
 joarshes. An old cart trail crosses Section 12. Alluvial soil, from 
 4 to 6 inches deep, on a sand subsoil ; class 2. — A. O. Talbot, 1888. 
 
 Gvilincs. 
 
 WUHL- 
 
 ruiiiug' uuu uiiuuiabixi^ pxairic, v.ilB aic-.T ^j-""" 
 
 meadows. Soil, cley and gravel, with a clay subsoil; classes 2 
 aud 8. A saline slough, 3 feet d^ep, and a grass meadow in 
 
Tbwmhips West of Second Initial Meridian.— Ran^e XX. 2lt 
 
 t^'''''^^ ^ ^^^^ '' ^'^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^*^^^ 30. with adjacent meadow 
 land. A watercourse takes its rise in thi« lake and flows north- 
 west Fair agricultural land.-TF. T. Thompson, 1881 
 A ^^f^? «««*!« polling prairie; a few small marshes were crossed. 
 A small creek flowing north west, crosses Section 1, it is 3 feet 
 wide, 4 inches deep ; slow current ; good water. Another small 
 iX i.Tr'' ^!?^^^ 2^. Section 36 is greatly broken by a large 
 !J^v,^?.^ south-east, it extends 1| miles west of the line. Tfie 
 north half of this section is broken by hills and a large marsh the 
 
 £ Wl'''*''^*^' ^i T^^'' ^"^ ^^^ ^^**«^ ^J ™ile« ^est of the iin^ 
 bubsoil. sand and clay ; classes 2 and B.~A. C. Talbot, 1883. 
 
 **' ^S^*-^^«* ^»d east-open, level prairie. Several large sized 
 marshes were crossed. On the west the soil lies on yellow clay 
 clay and pavel ; classes 2 and 3. Fair agricultural land. Oa 
 the east the alluvial soil is 5 inches deep, on sand and clay sub- 
 sou; classesl to 4. Trail, f.om Touchwood Hills to Prince 
 Albert crosses Section 24. The north-east quarter of Section 24 • 
 18 an alkaline plain. Large marshes, with two feet of water are 
 
 s^iZ^%^^%Sl, '-'''-'' ''' ^^^ ''' -^^'^^'^' 
 
 32. 2?//^^"'-North--rolling prairie, interspersed with ponds and 
 willow blufi-s. Section 36 is low and wet. The soil is sandy and 
 
 o^Itr/r"^'' "^'^} ^""^.^""l^^ ""^ gravelly sand, alkaline clay, clay and 
 gravelly clay ; class 3 throughout. A deep pond is situated ia 
 the central portion of Section 34. A small creek, 1 link deep, and 
 slow current takes its rise in this pond and flows north-west.— 
 T. Drummond, 1883. 
 
 will Jw^ T'V'" ""f^^^ f P^? P^f 'J^' ^^*^ ^ *«^ ""lair bluffs of 
 
 Wi low. Section 6 IS a level alkaline plain; class 4. Alluvial 
 soil, 4 inches in depth, with clay, yellov. clay and gravel sub- 
 soils ; class 2. A. cart trail and the telegraph line, from Touch- 
 wood Hills to Prince Albert, crosses the south- west half of Section 
 19. Good agricultural land. The east is rolling and level 
 open prairie with salt and alkaline plains and numerous marshes.' 
 
 A C TMotluT °'' * ""^^^ ''''^'°'^ ' ''^^''^' ^ ^"^ ^•"* 
 
 »». Outlines.— ThQ west i^nd east consist of rolling prairie, with a 
 great many bluffs ; water from 2 to 4 feet in the bluff's On the 
 east the soil is from 5 to 6 inches deep, on a grey sand subsoil ; 
 classes 1 and 2. On the west-Section 30 is broken, high and 
 dry, with the exception of two small lakes. Subsoil, sand, clav 
 and gravel ; class 2.— A. C. Talbot, 1883 ^ 
 
 81. 0«j;/tnes.— West -rolling prairie, covered with popla- and willow. 
 Water was found m nearly every bluff". Alluvial soil from 4 to 10 
 inches deep, on gravel, sand, clay and sandy clay subsoils ; class 2. 
 A small creek crosses Sections 31 and 30; it flows south-west. 
 J!-a«twards, the prairie is undulating and covered thicklv with 
 popiar ana willows in the south-east. In the north two'-thirds 
 ol the line there is much low and wet land, with wiUows, and 
 composed of a poor, gravelly soil, with patches of clay loam. The 
 general rating is class 2.— il. C. Talbot, 1888. 
 14^<'# 
 
212 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XX, 
 
 44. Sub-division and Outlines.— Thia township is mostly covered with 
 a heavy growth of grey willows and scattered poplar. It is well 
 watered by several creeks, more especially by Maple Creek, which 
 flows irom south to north, and has generally high banks. Some 
 portions of this township are loo wet for farming purposes, par- 
 ticularly the north-east corner and the sections adjoining Goose 
 Hunting Lake, but at present is well suited for cattle, and bding 
 easily drained it is a very desirable place for settlers. Timber 
 suitable for house logs and fence rails can be obtained in adjoining 
 townshit>s to the south. The soil is a good loam of an average 
 depth of 8 to 15 inches ; clay subsoil, and no trace of alkali, except 
 just bordering on the lake. The land slopes gradually irom south 
 to north, all the creeks flowing into Carrot River. — E. C. Caddy, 
 1884. 
 
 -47. Outlines.- Going west on the north boundary. Section 86, is a 
 wet alkaline flat, and class 3. Section 36 has some ponds, and a 
 fine clay loam soil ; class 1. The next two sections are drier, but 
 the last two have many ponds. The rating of these last four 
 sections is classes 1 and 2, and the soil consists of a clay loam. 
 The country along the west boundary is wet, poor and sandy, 
 having numerous ponds and lakes. There are blufis of smtul 
 poplar and scrub scattered along the line. The rating is classes 
 8 and 4. The east line was surveyed over a country which has 
 numerous ponds, lakelets and marshes, and an alluvial soil of 
 from 12 to 18 inches, on alkali lime subsoil. The surface is 
 level, and covered with grey willow and alder bushes. Classes 2 
 and 3 —H. D Ellis, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division and Outlines.— The land throughout is all utterly 
 unfit for settlement, being too much broken by water, but is 
 well suited for grazing, as the water lowers -rapidly and leaves 
 first-class hay. The surface is generally covered with a heavy 
 growth of willows and black poplar of a fair size, in many cases 
 suitable for house logs, and in almost unlimited supply for fuel 
 If at any future day the more available lands elsewhere should be 
 all taken up, this and the neighboring townships might be drained 
 at a probable cost of 40 cents per acre, and would then make 
 some of the best land to be obtained for agricultural purposes.— 
 L. Patrick, 1883. 
 
 -48. Outlines. — North — poor, sandy, rolling land, covered with jack 
 pine, some poplar, tamarac in the swamps, brule and fallen timber. 
 Class 4. The Saskatchewan crosses in Section 86. The country 
 along the west boundary is very poor and sandy, and is covered 
 with jack pines about 10 inches in diameter. The Saskatchewan 
 crosses the the township, entering by Section 30, with a stream 
 18 chains wide, between banks 120 feet high. This river crosses 
 " the township by a circuitous course and emerges by Section 25. 
 In the vicinity of the river, and for a couple of miles south of it, 
 the land is poor, sandy, class 4, and covered with jack pine, 6 to 
 8 inches in diameter. After this the grade rises to 2 and 3, but 
 is still unavailable owing to many alkaline ponds and an alkaline 
 clay subsoil— if. D. Ellis, 1882. 
 
^e XX, 
 
 jovered with 
 . It is well 
 jreek, which 
 anks. Some 
 arposee, par- 
 ti ning Groose 
 i, and bding^ 
 ers. Timber 
 in adjoining 
 >f an average 
 ilkali, except 
 jr irom south 
 E. a Caddy, 
 
 tion 86, is a 
 ponds, and a 
 ire drier, but 
 ese last four 
 a clay loam. 
 : and sandy, 
 iffs of smful 
 ing is classes 
 ry which has 
 luvial soil of 
 le surface is 
 «. Glasses 2 
 
 49. 
 
 TownshipM We$t of Second Initial Meridian.— Eange XX. 21t 
 
 f n f»,f tt'^ *""'S"~"''^^^ ^^i"^ ^^°* *^« «°^*^ boundary northward, 
 to the Indian Reserve, and northwards to the muskeir alone th« 
 w^t o the township, is first class. There is pSf t^Ke 
 and wiUow m patches of sufficient quantity tXt fiseve^ 
 7 ars for fences and fuel. The balance of the township is of d^ 
 pah y. being made up either of sand or muskegTin this balJ^ 
 18 included much of the country lying north of the river ^S 
 \t Ei«hf°^f .tVi"* in Secti.ns'25^n! 26. which is cSed^ 
 the Bishop of the Church. The Saskatchewan River passes bv a 
 
 the river near the centre of the township, and a considerable 
 area south and east of the fort is includedin Indian and HR 
 Co.'s Reserves.—/:. Patrick, 1888. 
 
 Sub-division and Outlines.— This township is utterly unfit for 
 
 ntiT?.*' ^r^ r^ *^^ ^^«^^g' The timber is LsSyj^k 
 pine, scattered poplar, some tamarac and spruce, suitable fofw 
 fences and house logs.— L. Patrick, 1888. "^^'a^ie lor mei. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ; is all utterly 
 ^ater, but is 
 y and leaves 
 A^ith a heavy 
 L many cases 
 [)ply for fueL 
 jre should be 
 bt be drained 
 Id then make 
 I purposes. — 
 
 d with jack 
 [alien timber. 
 
 The country 
 ad is covered 
 askatchewan 
 rith a stream 
 river crosses 
 y Section 25. 
 ss south of it, 
 ick pine, 6 to 
 
 2 and 3, but 
 d an alkaline 
 
 14J*# 
 
m 
 
 1^. 
 
 10. 
 
 TOWNSHIPS .WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Eange XXI. 
 
 Outlines. — East— in the Coteau, hilly prairie, the soil and vegeta- 
 tion are much better than in the townships further to the east, 
 and surface water is more abundant. There is a little wood ia 
 some of the coulees. I'he surface is too hilly for farming, but 
 excellent for pasturage, as there is plenty of fresh water. The 
 south line is in the summit of the Dirt Hiils and the Coteau du 
 Missouri ; it is rough and broken, with a few ponds in the de- 
 pressions— O. J Klntz, 1-81. 
 
 West — the south-west half of this township lies in the Dirt 
 Hills, a broken range forming part of the Joteau du Missouri, in 
 the small valleys of which the soil is rich and the grasses luxu- 
 riant, and some of which are well wooded. The soil, in this part 
 of the township, is a sandy loam of moderate depth, with clay 
 subsoil. — J. J. McArthur, lb82. 
 
 Sub-division. — The south-west half of this township lies in 
 the Dirt Hills, part of a broken range forming the Grand Coteau 
 du Missouri. This range runs south-east and north-west, and is 
 very broken in the centre ; it rises t:,bruptly in broken ridges to 
 an elevation of about 800 leet above the pladn ; a few of the 
 ravines are timbered with small ash, elm, poplar and maple, but 
 only fit for fuel, and in small supply. Blueberries, raspberries 
 and black currants are plentiful. It appears to have been a 
 favorite resort for buffalo, as bones are scattered about in immense 
 quantities. This part of the township is all broken by small, 
 snarp, round hills. The soil is a shallow, sandy and clay loam, 
 and much of it a hard, gravelly clay surface, with a clay subsoil ; 
 classes 2 and 3. The hills are generally stony and gravelly, and 
 stones occur round the ponds. In the hollows the soil is deeper 
 and richer, and vegetation better. Water is abundant, and of 
 very fair quality ; numerous swamps and ponds, some four feet 
 deep and over. The hay supply is small, there being only a nar- 
 row margin round many of the swamps. The north-east part is 
 level and rolling, soil sandy and clay loam, with clay subsoil ; 
 class 2. Vegetation light ; no water at foot of the mountain, but 
 large quantities of ponds and swamp on its brow. — T- B Gil- 
 liland, 1883. 
 
 Outlines. — North and west — is comparatively level. A branch of 
 the Moose Jaw^ Creek traverses the township. The soil is a 
 sandy loam, with clay subsoil. — j. J. McArthur, 1882 
 
 The east is hilly prairie, and in the Coteau. Soil, of a fair and 
 medium quality. Vegetation is better, more abundant, and less 
 in scattered localities th^n further east — O /. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — ^\i\& township is level on the south and roll- 
 ing and broken slightly by small ravines on the north side. The 
 iBoil in the south is sandy loam, and in the north a hard grey clay 
 
11. 
 
 12. 
 
 13 
 
 lownships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXL ^ll* 
 
 on a hard clay subsoil ; classes 2 and 8. Very little w .er A 
 creek crosses the township north-west and south-east; it was not 
 a riiuning str.am on the 11th of August, but short stretches of 
 water here and there, of fair quality. Very little hay along the 
 
 TRol^maTdTs^V' ^"^'^= ^"^^'^""^ ^^^^*- ^' *^-b-- 
 
 Outlines.-Novth and west-a branch of the Moose Jaw Creek 
 traverses the south-west corner. In the interior the land is hiirh 
 
 ^?? n "^^^i"^ i'^'^^^' ^ '«"'^y 1°^°^' wit^ a clay subsoil. A range 
 ot hills of white clay traverses the north-east part. In these hills 
 the comparatively recent action of water has cut deep ravines and 
 gullies the sides of the beds of which are altogether devoid of 
 vegetation.— J. / 31cArthvr, 1888. 
 
 Going south, on the east line, the first two miles are rolling 
 with heavy clay soil ; class 1, and good wheat land Continuing 
 south the land becomes rough, broken and stony, merging into 
 hilly prairie, with gravelly ridges, deep ravines and heavy clay 
 soil, with stones ; classes 2 and S.—A. O. Webb 1881 
 
 Sub-divisio,>.~ i he land is rolling, hilly and broken, abuttimr 
 on the Aussouri Coteau. Soil, a heavy clay, with gravel ani 
 stone. The township is watered by a creek of fresh water, which 
 crosses it from west to east. Where the surface is not broken bv 
 ravines, it is excellent wheat and farming land, and throughout. 
 
 ^^ ^''iooo'P "'"^' ^"* ^'^^^^ ^'^^ pasturage. No wood.— JStI 
 rajard, 1882. 
 
 0«//m.s.-North-level or undul.iting prairie. Soil, a heavy 
 cay or sandy loam. The north line is crossed by three creeks, 
 all flowing north, on Sections 31, 33 and 34, respectively. 
 A cart trail crosses on 32. L'ast -level prairie, with a heaw 
 clay soil ; will make good farming township and be excellent soil 
 lor the production of wheat, rating class I. A creek of good water, 
 and slow current, crosses Section 2>. -il. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 West— a range of hills of white (;lay traverses' the south-west 
 corner of the township. North of this the surface is comparatively 
 level, and traversed from south to north by several small creeki 
 tributaries to the Moose Jaw. Th(! alluvial deposit throughout 
 the township appears to be very small, and in some places veffetar 
 tion IS very scant —J. J. Mc Arthur, 1882. 
 
 Subdivision— IhQ northern and central parts are rolling and 
 undulating prairie, with a heavy clay soil, of first class quality for 
 wheat growing. Towards the south the surface is stony and 
 broken by ravines, but affords pood pasturage. There are no 
 marshes, but several small creeks afford a supply of ffood fresh 
 water No wood— iJ. /VaK 1883. 
 
 0M//2:wes.— North— rolling and undulating prairie, becoming hilly 
 m places ; classes 1 and 3. West— low, level prairie, with a 
 very thin growth of grass ; cactus and sage brush in abundance : 
 
 (.. J „,,,, .,1^:.^^- .,,a_j. ^ t^ia,c.-i«3 o auu 1. i\iooBe Jaw UreeK 
 
 crosses the north-west half of Secti<m 18 twice, and the south-west 
 lialf of Section 19 five times. This creek is from 15 to 20 chain* 
 
|fl6 lowH$hip$ West oj ^cond Initial Meridian. — Range XXI. 
 
 "wide, 8 to 6 feet deep ; current good ; water very muddy ; its 
 banks are from 6 to 16 feet high.— /f. B. Proudfoot, 1882. 
 
 East — undulating prairie. Haid clay soil. Occasional swamps. 
 Good wheat land. Mo wood.— il. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township is level prairie, and heavy clay ; 
 
 class 1 throughout. Moose Jaw Creek crosses the townsnip in 
 
 the south-west corner in a north-westerly direction ; it is partly 
 
 dry in summer. Mo wood ; no marshes. Good farming land.— 
 
 i Dunais and Michaud, 1888. 
 
 14. 0«</mes.— North— level prairie. Soil, heavy clay; class 1. No 
 wood ; very little water. Good farming land. — L. Bolton, 1882. 
 
 West— rolling prairie, with scattered marshes and low lands. 
 Soil, clay loam, with dark clay subsoil ; classes 2 and 8. A dry 
 watercourse crosses the line four times in the south-west half of 
 Section 6. Fair agricultural land. — H. B. Proudfoot, 1882. 
 
 East — undulating prairie, with occasional swamps. Soil, 
 Lard clay. Good wheat land — il. C. Webb, 1881, 
 
 Sub-division. — Prairie, chiefly rolling. No wood. Water 
 ohtainable everywhere by sinking wells in the dry swamps. 
 Soil, 12 to li inches deop, with black clay subsoil ; first class.— 
 F. Vincent, 1882. 
 
 315. Outlines. — North and •\a est — is very level, very heavy clay soil ; 
 no timber whatever ; a iew sloughs. Very little meadow land. 
 Vegetation shortj owini^ to the hardness of the clay soil. The 
 land is class 1 throughout, and generally fair farming land.— 
 L. Bolton, 1882. 
 
 East — very hummocky, undulating prairie Several medium- 
 sized marshes. The soil is a heavy clay ; class 1 throughout 
 Good farming land, vorv suitable for grain. — W. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Soil is a first class clay loam, with a good black 
 clay subsoil. First clas:^ land for agricultural purposes or grazing. 
 No wood of any kind. Water can be had anywhere by digging a 
 few feet, and from the small marshes scattered throughout the 
 township. — F. Vincent, 1882. 
 
 16. Outlines. — North and vr-st — is very level ; very heavy clay soil ; 
 no timber whatever, not even willow scrub ; a few sloughs. 
 Very little meadow land ; vegetation short. The land is class 1 
 throughout. — L. Bolton, 1882. 
 
 East — very humm< cky, undulating prairie. Soil, is a heavy 
 clay ; class 1 throughout. Good agricultural land, well adapted 
 for grain growing. — W Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division — ^This township is slightly undulating prairie. 
 Soil, clay loam, 6 . nches deep, on a clay tsubsoil ; class 1 through- 
 out. Large hay niarsb on Sections 2 and 3. No wood. Very 
 little water.—/. L. Rell, 1883. 
 
 17, Outlines. — Undulating, huramocky prairie. The soil is a good 
 clay, and class 1 throi ghout. The C.P.R. crosses the township, 
 east and west. Sections Bt and 86 are broken ^v the valley of 
 the Wascana Creek ; th is jreek has high and steep banks, and 
 flows north-west. The:e is no wood of any account along this 
 
Townthips West of Second Initial Meridian.^Range XX [. 21T 
 
 part of the creek, but there is a httle brush in places. The west 
 is undulating, dry and hummocky prairie, with a hard clay soil, 
 and averaging class 2. In the east, the soil is also a heavy clay, 
 and class 1 throughout. Wascana Creek crosses the line three 
 times in the north-east half of Section 86. The township i» 
 generally good agricultural land, and well adapted for grain 
 growing.— fT. Pearre, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Is level or hummocky prairie, with an average 
 depth of alluvial soil of 4 inches, with clay subsoil. It is vvell 
 adapted for farming purposes. There are a few small marshes. 
 The C.P.R. runs through the centre of the township : Grande 
 Coulee Station. No wood of any kind.—/. /. Francis, 1882. 
 
 1*. Outlines.— The north is undulating prairie, with a good sandy or 
 day loam soil ; class 2 throughout. The valley of Wascana Creek 
 IB situated on the north-east half of Section 32 and occupies the 
 whole of Section 88 ; the stream flows through the latter section 
 between banks which are 75 fe*^t high and are covered with low 
 scrub. The west is undulating and hummocky prairie. The soil 
 is a hard dry clay, and class 2. A cart trail crosses the south-west 
 lialf of Section 18. A. large ravine, wifh gravelly and stony banks, 
 ■which are 75 feet high, is situated in the north half of Section 19 
 and the contiguous portion of 30. The east is also undulating 
 and hummocky prairie. An old trail crosses the line in Section 1 
 and the Qu'Appelle trail in Section 18. The soil generally is a 
 heavy clay ; Sections 1 and 12 are rated class 1 and the balance 
 along the line, class 2. As far as can be judged from the bound- 
 aries, the township will maJce good farming land and is well 
 suited for ^rain growing. — W. Pearce, 1881 
 
 Sub-division. — Prairie, slightly undulating. The banks of 
 Wascana Creek, which traverses the eastern portion of thi3 town- 
 ship in a north-west direction, are about 100 feet high and steep 
 in some places. The water of the creek is very good ; its current 
 is pretty swift, and it was from ten to forty links wide, and from 
 ©ne to twelve feet deep, in September. Its bottom is sometimes 
 muddy, and at places gravelly or sandy. There is a belt of wil- 
 low and ash along both banks Soil, five inches fo nine inches 
 deep, with a clay subsoil ; first class.—/. W D' Amours, 1832. 
 
 3». Outlines. — North— level prairie. The soil is a good clay ; classes 
 1, 2 and 3. The banks of the Qu'Appelle River occupy the north- 
 east quarter of Section 35. They are 250 feet high and the stream 
 of the river crosses Section 34. The remainder of J;his section is 
 in the valley and contains a creek which is tributary to the river. 
 The hills in this section are gravelly. The north-east three 
 quarters of Section 33 is very hilly, these hills are gravelly and 
 are about 250 feet high. Sections 31 and 32 are stony in places. 
 "West — level and undulating prairie ; soil, sandy and clay loams ; 
 class 2. Section 19 is class 1. The north-west half of Section 81 
 
 «c* ^%^/\-ii w^ j^A 1 11 — I'll. P ,»(•/% 1 n ^ ^ r y • ^ rw«* 
 
 .ID vrv-vipicvi xj-j g;ra,vuiiy iiiiis irom -ou to ijwu leer hign. iiio 
 Qu'Appelle River crosses the south-east quarter of Section SO, its 
 depth is 6 feet. A lar^"> slough is also situated in the central 
 
 ff 
 
 I 
 
218 Townshipi West of Second Initial Meridian. — F mge XXI 
 
 portion of Section 80. The whole of Section 18 is occupied by the 
 valley of "Wascana Greek. Fair farming land. — W. Pearr.e, 1881. 
 
 The east is level prairie, and has an excellent soil. — W. T, 
 Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Undulating prairie. It is traversed by the 
 Cottonwood, Wascana and Boggy Creeks and the Qu'Appella 
 Eiver. The banks of the river and creeks are partly covered with 
 islands of wood, such as aspen and willow. Soil, good clay loam 
 generally, but along the bank of the river rather too sandy; 
 chiefly first class, with some second and third. — /. W. D' Amours, 
 1882. 
 
 30, Outlines. — ^The north is high, dry and open, rolling prairie, with 
 a few dry, grass marshes. The soil is a gravelly loam, which is 
 stony on the ridges, and rates class 2, except Section 82, which is 
 class 3. The marshy extension at the southern end of Last Moun- 
 tain Lake enters Sections od and 34 between steep bare bankn^ 
 from 176 to 200 feet high. This marsh is overflowed in hi^ 
 water from 4 to 18 inches deep and thickly covered with a growth 
 of blue joint grass at the southern end and merging into weeds «t 
 the north A channel, with 18 inches of water in the dry season, 
 ski: ts the west bank. A gully and a cart trail cross the 'north- 
 east part of Section 81.— W. T Thompson, 188 J. 
 
 West — rolling prairie. Soil, a good sandy loam, stony in. 
 places ; class 2. Section 1 is class 1. A cart trail crosses Section 
 81. Good agricultural land. — W Pearce, ISSl. 
 
 East — open, undulating prairie on Sections 29 and 86, but 
 south-westwards broken, on 13 and 24, by the Qu'Appelle Biver 
 and valley, and on Sections 1 and 12 by a tributary creek and 
 valley ; the banks of each are about 160 feet high. — W. T, 
 Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Kolling prairie. The Big Arm and Qu'Appelle 
 Rivers unite in this township ; the current of both is swift, and 
 their bottoms are muddy. They were from 60 to 70 feet 
 wide, and from 6 to 20 feet deep, in August. Islands and 
 belts of aspeu, ash and willow occur along their banks. Soil, 8 
 to .'» inches deep, with a gravelly or saudy clay subsoil ; rather 
 more light and sandy on the banks of the streams ; generally 
 second class, with a small proportion of first. — J. W. D' Amours, 
 1882. 
 
 S8I. Outlines. — Long Lake '.ters the west side of this township, with, 
 steep banks about 1 00 feet high and saline water There are 
 nuinerous'clumijs of poplar and many dried up marshes (Septem- 
 ber). The north west is high rolling. Most of the township^ 
 north and west, is good farming land. -.7^ F. Garden, 18H1. 
 
 East — undulating country, dotted with bluflfs of poplar and a 
 few ponds. The soil is a fine clay loam on a clay subsoil, and. 
 good agricultural land. — W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Sub-divisinn — liolling prairie, diversified with thick clumps 
 Oi popi^r, Supplying an jcquirerucnts lor uUiiuin^', ioucing anu. 
 fuel. The south-west portion is entered by Long Lake, in which. 
 
■airie, with 
 
 1, which is 
 
 2, which is 
 Last Moan- 
 are banksv 
 1 in hi^ 
 h a growth 
 o weeds «t 
 iry season, 
 the 'north- 
 
 1, stony in 
 ses Section 
 
 md 86, but 
 
 )elle Biver 
 
 creek and 
 
 ;h.— PT. T. 
 
 ^u'Appelle 
 swift, and 
 to 70 feet 
 lands and 
 is. Soil, 8 
 oil ; rather 
 generally 
 D'Amours, 
 
 Lship, with 
 There are 
 
 !s (Septem- 
 township^ 
 
 L881. 
 
 Dplar and a 
 
 ibsoil, and. 
 
 ick clumps 
 
 Jbtffnthipt tVesi of Second Initial Meridian— Range XXI Zt» 
 
 there are some of the finest whitefish in the North- West Ten»> 
 tories. Soil, first aud second class. — Clemenli and Uewfnn, 188I_ 
 
 22. Outlinet. — North and west — the land along the north lK)undarriK 
 quite hilly, and the west is high and rolling. Manv marshes, bufc 
 nearly all dry (September). Most of the soil is good and welL 
 suited for agriculture. — J. F. Garden, 188 1, 
 
 East — high, dry, rolling prairie, with bluff's of poplar andT 
 willow, scrub and thick timber. "Water scarce Soil, gritty and 
 sandy loam, with a clay subsoil. Sections 1 and 12 are class 2; 
 the remainder class 1. Good farming land — W. T. Thompsom, 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Is rolling prairie, with bluffs of poplar soidL 
 willow sufficient for fuel. Alluvial soil of first class quality, from. 
 4 to 6 inches in depth, with clay subsoil. Some few small mnrHbeaL 
 A very desirable township for the settler. — Z. C. Dupuis, 1882. 
 
 23. Outlines — North and west — is much broken by ridges and smsU 
 hills, with generally small clumps of poplars in the hollows An* 
 alkaline flat and pond in the south-west ; but mostly first claiMu 
 agricultural land.—/. F. Garden, 1881. 
 
 East — rolling country, mostly consisting of excellent soil anfl 
 dotted with bluffs of poplar and willow. — E Bruy, IBM. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, broken by a lew sloughs and 
 numerous clumps of young poplar. Soil, poor, sandy and vezj 
 stony ; third class. — H. LeScr, 1882. 
 
 24. Outlines. — fTorth — pasees over the southern slope of Last ManiKr 
 tain, and is dotted, more or less thickly, with bluff's of poplar, hilSs. 
 and marshes. Soil, good. East — rolling country, mostly good 
 land, and thickly dotted with poplar and willow. — E-Bray^ 1881. 
 
 A conspicuous range of hills, called the Last Mountains^;, 
 extends into the north and east of this township. The ?oil graie- 
 rally is a light loam, with gravel showing on the tops of tfiat 
 ridges ; but will make good farming land. — /. F. Garden, 1881, 
 
 Sub-division. — The eastern half is prairie of very uneven nxxr- 
 face, and the remainder is rolling prairie. The whole is biokem 
 by numerous ponds, sloughs and clumps of young poplar. The 
 area of the ponds and sloughs must aggregate fully twelve acreaau 
 Soil, sandy and very stony, weeds being more common thangrassf 
 third class.— IT. LeBer, 1882. 
 
 27. Outlines — North— 7 Dlling, open prairie. Numerous sloughs. Soi|„ 
 gravel, clay and sandy loams, with clay and sand subsoilsL 
 Glasses — Sections 31 and 32, class 2 ; Section 33 is class 3 ; tha 
 remaining Sections 34, 35 and 36 are class 1. West — ^rolliiu^ 
 prairie, with a number of sloughs. Second class, sandy loam soi^ 
 with some gravel and stones in the south-west. South— -oi>«ni 
 prairie ; high, rolling and undulating land. Numerous slongha 
 were crossed all along this line. Soil, clay loam, with a clay sob- 
 soil ; Sections 6, 5 and 2 are class 2 ; Section 1 is class 3 ; tfaa 
 remaining sections are class 1. Stony on ridges. AcarttraiL 
 to Touchwood crosses the south-west half of Section 5. A iaig^ 
 pond, about 14 chains wide, and 20 feet deep, is situated in, Urn 
 central portion of Section 1 — /. F. Gardeu^ T 882. 
 
•SSO TbmuMpi Wert of Second Initial Meriditm.— Range XXI. 
 
 East— high and open, rolling and undulating prairie, with a 
 WW grass marshes and ponds. The soil is a clay loam, on a clay 
 jrabsoil, and gravelly on the ridges ; claHs 2 The north half of 
 8e<:tion 18 is class 8. Basin Lake, with clear and good water, is 
 •ituated in Sections 26 and 86 ; a grassy inlot flows into the lake, 
 «nd south of it there is a trail to the Touchwood Hills Mission. 
 A large grass marsh and a pond ate situated in the south half of 
 fiection 18— PT. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Svb divinan.—ThiB township is all open, rolling prairie, with 
 numerous knolls of grav.el, and, with the exception of Sections 28, 
 S9, 88, 84 and the north part of Section 27, in which are three 
 lakes, surrounded with large wet marshes, is very dry. The 
 "Water in the lakes is clear and good. The soil is, for the most 
 part, sandy loam, with numerous knolls of gravel, and would rate 
 class 2 for agricultural purposes. A cart trail to Long Lake passes 
 through the north part of the township.— C. E. Fitlon, 1883. 
 Outlines — Vorth — open, rolling and undulating prairie. A great 
 many j:>rass meadows, some of the smaller ones were dry. Soil, 
 gravelly and clay loams, with a clay subsoil ; class 2. A grass 
 meadow and dry watercourse occupies nearly two-thirds of the 
 cast half of Section 35 ; in the central portion of this section are 
 pavelly ridges, from 16 to 80 feet high. A largo reedy and saline 
 lake is situated in the north-west quarter of Section 81 A saline 
 «reek or slough, with open water, 3 feet deep, crosses Section 81 ; 
 •horesare marshy.— ?r. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Southwards, on the west boundary, for three miles, the coun- 
 try is open and undulating, with large ponds and low alkali beds. 
 Devil Creek is crossed in the second mil<!. This is a large stream, 
 «i)out 12 feet wide and ;2 feet deep, with a steady current flowing 
 westward to Long Lake, and having on either tide of it a marsh 
 of from 10 to 12 chains wide. The land is from 3rd to 4th class, 
 being principally a wet, alkaline clay. From this, southward. 
 i;he land is high and rolling prairie, along the line and to the east, 
 and the soil improves in quality, being a clay loam, with gravel 
 on the knolls and ridges , class 2. — /. F. Garden, 1882. 
 
 Jiast — high, dry, open, undulatinsr and rolling prairie. 
 Seveial small marshes were crossed Soil, sandy and clay loams, 
 with clay and gravelly subsoils ; class 2. Stony and gravelly on 
 •ridges. Jiry bed of a watercourse crosses Sections 26, 13, 12 and 
 1, the banks of which are 25 feet high. No wood Very little 
 -water. Good farming land. — W. 7. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 tiub-d' vision — High, dry, open, rolling prairie, broken with 
 several valleys, in the bottom of which are numerous stones. 
 Devil Creok runs through Sections 80 and 31, and has large 
 alkali flats on either side, which at the present time are under 
 ^water The soil on these sections is alkali clay ; class 4. A cart 
 trail, running to Long Lake, passes through Sections 5 and 6, in 
 tbo south-west corner. The soil in this township is sandy loam 
 or gravel, and might be rated class 2. — C. E. Fitton, 1883. 
 
 OuUines.~(ji oing north, on the west boundary, the first half mile 
 is in a saline depression, with ponds of water not fit for use, and 
 
 38» 
 
SI 
 
 as. 
 
 Tbtenihips We$t of Second Initial Meridian^ Ran/rt XXI. 221 
 
 the land c^nerally soft ; class 8. Next U miles are hilly prairie 
 with small ponds ot fresh water. Soil, clay loam ; cla«8 2 For 
 the remaining four miles the country is rolling prairie,' with 
 small ponds and marshes of fresh water ; clay loam soil from, six 
 to wurtfcen inches deep, and clay and gravel subsoils ; clasaes U 
 to 2. — /. Trapnor, 188;>. " 
 
 The east is rolling and undulating prairie, with graas mea- 
 dows Soil, clay and gravelly loams, with clay subsoil, gravellr 
 on ridges ; class 2. A dry watercourse crosses Section 1 Sec- 
 tion 12 has an open water lake, with marshy and grassy shore* 
 m the nortb-east ; a largo grassy hay marsh extends south-east 
 from this lake. The openings in this section are good and rate 
 ?• %o ^ marsh extends through the north-east half of Sec- 
 Uon 18. Generally good farming land — PT. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 Outfines—Alona the west the country is rolling prairie, with 
 small ponds and marshes of fresh water. Soil, clay loam, from 
 BIX to fourteen inches deep, with clay and gravel subsoil ; classes 
 IJ to 2.—/. Traynor, 1888. 
 
 The east is rolling and undulating prairie, with a few gras* 
 meadows Soil, c ay and gravel with a clay subsoil ; classes 2 
 *?2 ;• fo""*; 8lo"g^ and a grass meadow cross the north half 
 of Section 12. A small lake is situated in Section 25, a marsh 
 meadow and watercourse originate in this lake. Fair farming- 
 land— PF. T. Thompson, 1881. ^ 
 
 Ott///«es.— West— rolling, open prairie; numerous marshes. Soil, 
 trom one to fourteen inches in depth, on sand, gravel and yellow- 
 clay subsoils ; class 2. Section 6 is an alkaline plain ; class 4. 
 A small lake is situated in the south-west quarter of Section 18 
 and the north-west of Section 1. Some parts are nuitable for 
 agricultural purposes. The east is level open prairie. Several 
 large marshes were crossed. Subsoil, clay, yellow clay and gravel - 
 classes 2 and 3. Fair farming land.— A C. Ta/Ao^, IS • 8. 
 Ott«rt/»C5.— North— rolling prairie, with thick willows and popla^ 
 blutts ; several ponds were crossed all containing water. Soil 
 sandy and clay loams, with a clay and alkaline clay subsoil; 
 class 2. A large lake is situated in Sections 3'J and 33 The 
 Saskatchewan cart trail crosses thy north-east half of Section 33 — 
 T, Drummond, 1883. 
 
 West— rolling prairie, with young poplar and willow bluffs; 
 water was found in every bluff Soil, horn four to sixteen inches 
 deep, on a sand and clay and on yellow clay subsoils ; class 2. 
 Large lakes are situated in Sections 19 and 6. East— rolline 
 open prairie, with a few .^mall bluffs of willow. Section 1 is a 
 level alkaline plain ; class 4. Alluvial soil, 4 inches deep, on a 
 clay and yellow clay and gravel subsoils ; class 2, A cart trail 
 and the telegraph line from Touchwood Hills to Prince Albert, 
 crosses Section 24. Good farming land on both lines.— A (J 
 Talbot, 1883. 
 
 Ott^wes.- West— rolling prairie, with bluflTs of poplar and wil- 
 lows, 3 to 6 inches in diameter ; water in some of the bluffs. Sub— 
 
:222 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXI. 
 
 soil, clay, sandy clay and grey sand ; class 2. ' A small creek, 15 
 feet wide, 1 foot deop, no current, and a cart trail to Prince AJlwrfc 
 crosses the south-west quarter of Section 19. The cart trail fiooa 
 Touchwood Hills to Prince Albert, and the telegraph line, cross 
 through Section 81. East—rolling prairie, partly covered with 
 willow bluffs. Section 25 is broken, high and dry, with the ex- 
 ception of two small lakes in the north-east quarter. Subsoil 
 sand, clay and gravel ; class 2 -A. C. Talbot, 1888. ' 
 
 ^^S*. OM^/Z^es.— West— rolling prairie, with poplar and willow bluffs- 
 poplar from 2 to 10 inches in diameter. Some water was found 
 111 the bluffs. Soil, 4 to 6 inches deep, on a sand and clay sub- 
 soil ; class 2. East— rolling praine. covered with poplar and 
 willovr ; water occurs in almost every bluff. The alluvial soil is 
 firom 4 to 10 inches deep on sandy gravel clay, and sandy clay 
 subsoils ; class 2. A small creek, which crosses Sections 26 and, 
 36, and flows south- west, is 2 feet wide and 2 inches deen.— ii a' 
 Talbot, 1883. 
 
 -«C4. Sub-division and Outlines.— This township is, in general, covered 
 ^A ^ ^^^^ growth of willow and scattered poplar, but here 
 and there patches of prairie occur. A small creek flows westerly 
 about two miles n- rth of the southern boundary. Where red 
 willow occurs the land is v/et. and at the north-west corner of the 
 ownship a small amount of alkali shows above the ground. A 
 ^t-r'c L.^tt of this fractional township is, notwithstanding, very 
 ileB:^; ) for settlement. The lands fall from the south boundary 
 i<> . ^ miles northwards, and then gradually rise. There are 
 several large hay marshes within easy reach. The soil is a good 
 loam of an average depth of one foot on a stiff clay subsoil. The 
 township has the advantage c" being situated near the large hay 
 marsh adjoining Water Hen Lake.— jB. C. Caddy, 1884. 
 
 OM/fZmfis.-North— Sections 31. 33, 84 and 36 are prairie, with 
 willow and poplar bluffs, interspersed by a few small marshes ; 
 class 1. Section 32 is submerged by a marsh which appears to be 
 a southerly extension of Water Hen Lake A lake of considerable 
 extent is situated in Sections 35 and 36.-4 L. Russell 1879. 
 
 Sub- division and Outlines.~Th.ia township is generally covered 
 with a heavy growth of grey willow and scattered poplar. In 
 cases where red willow occurs, the land is invariably wet. Most 
 of the portion lying to the east of the large adjoining Water Hen 
 Lake, is a good loam, of an average depth of 12 inches, on a clay 
 subsoil, and is well adapted for settlement. The remainder of the 
 township lying south and west of the lake is low land, and the 
 soil is a cold, stiff clay, but being situated near good hay, is very 
 suitable for cat tie- raising and dairy purposes. There are several 
 settlers already located, who have made considerable improve- 
 ments.— A'. C. Caddy, 1884. 
 
 Sub-division and Outlines —This township lies on both sides of the 
 Carrot River, and north-east of Water Hen Marsh, and is in evenr 
 resp;!ct admirably aJ.apied for settlement There' is abundance oV 
 good water, building timber, and hay. The soil is a black, sandy 
 loam, with clay subsoil.—/. L. Reid, 1830. 
 
 44. 
 
 4B. 
 
 ,1 
 
TowvsMps West of Second Initial Meridi 
 
 an 
 
 ■Rangr XXI 
 
 223^ 
 
 AV. 
 
 Outhne^—ThQ land alonsr the east boundary is poor, xvrt and 
 fiandy, having man^ ponds and lakes. Where there is prairie it 
 
 "s corered with small poplar and scrub. The ratine is classes as 
 and A.~H. D. Ellis, 18«2. 
 
 J». 0«</mes— North-poor for settlement. Soil, oand and liffht sandr^ 
 loam ; classes 3 and 4. Surface level and cover, d with jack pine 
 of an average thickness of 7 inches. The country alone the 
 east boundary is very poor, bein^ composed of a li-hr. sandy soil 
 and covered with jack pine about 10 inches in diameter. Th^ 
 Saskatchewan River crosses the north-east corner of i he township 
 and IS about 20 chains wide, with banks 120 feet high.— iZ. K 
 Ellis, 1882. 
 
 Suh-division.~'^he land through the south-east portion, ia 
 Which lies the Pawawan Settlement, is good agricultural land. 
 OA Vrf'^o'^^f ..^.^^^ township to the west and south of Sections. 
 rf'N J.^ J8 and 27 is very wet, much broken and only tit for grazinff- 
 purposes. This township is generally covered with a heavy growth 
 ot willow, averaging 12 feet high, and black poplar of a fair size, 
 m many cases lit for building purposes; the supply is almost ; 
 unlimited m this and adjoining townships. The land has beea 
 rated class «, but can be 9asiTy drained, which will eventuallv' 
 raise the value.— Z. Patrick, ls83. 
 
 43. Sub-division and Outlines.— Only a small portion of this township. 
 18 adapted lor setMemeut, and this comprises all sections lyixut: 
 between the south boundary and the Saskatchewau River TlS- 
 southerly tier of sections is timbered with jack pine, and betweeifc 
 them and the river with quantities of willow, and scattered iack: 
 pme and poplar —Z. Patrick lSi'6. 
 

 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range XXII. 
 
 "®. Outlines. — Surveyed all the boundaries except the south. The 
 township lies almost wholly in the hills The surface is high and 
 broken, and dotted with marshes and small lakes. The soil, in the 
 small valleys, is of a very rich quality. Is suited for grazing pui^ 
 poses only. There is no wood.—/. /. McArthur, 1882. 
 
 South — has a fair soil, but is too hilly for farming ; will make 
 excellent pasturage. The elevations are gravelly ; water abundant 
 and fresh.— O. J. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township is entirely in the Dirt Hills; 
 there is no regular range, but small, round, broken lumps of hills, 
 making it unfit for cultivation. On the hills it is a hard, gravell/ 
 clay soil, in the hollows it is sandy loam, mixed with gravel ; 
 class 3. There are numerous hay swamps and ponds, noarly all 
 a good quality of water. A fair growth of grass grows in the 
 valleys in ordinary seasons, but it is rather light this year on 
 account of xtreme dry weather and frost. In all probability, 
 however, the township woujd suit well for grazing purpose. 
 No timber of any kind.— T. B. Gilliland, 1883. 
 
 10. Outlines. — Surveyed all the boundaries. The south-west half of 
 this township lies in the Dirt Hills, which are high and broken. 
 The soil in the small valleys is very rich. This part is suited for 
 grazing purposes only. The north-east half is comparatively 
 level, with a gradual rise towards the hills. The soil is a sandy 
 loam, from 6 to 9 inches in depth, with a clay subsoil.—/. /. 
 McArthur, 1882. 
 
 Svh-division. — About half of this township lies in the Dirt 
 Hills, and is hilly and broken, suitable for grazing only ; the 
 remainder is quite level prairie, with a few small ravines towards 
 the north-east corner. The soil is principally a shallow, sandy 
 and clay loam, mixed with gravel, and a few stones on the hills, 
 with a hard clay subsoil. Classes 2 and 3. There are very few 
 swamps or ponds, except among the hills. Water, good. Vegeta- 
 tion rather light owing to the dry season and frequent frosts. No 
 timber whatever. — T. B. Oilliland, 1888. 
 
 11. Outlines. — North and east — the soil is a sandy loam of moderate 
 depth, with clay subsoil. This township is traversed almost 
 diagonally by a branch of Moose Jaw Creek, the banks of which 
 are thinly wooded. The land slopes towards the creek from 
 either side.—/. /. McArthur, 1882. 
 
 The west is rolling and level prairie. Soil, 18 inches deep, 
 on a clay subsoil ; class 1. A ravine, with a small creek, crosses 
 Section 31. Several ridges, from 40 to 60 feet high, cross Sections 
 18 and 19. Q-ood agricultural land.—/. K, McLean, 1882. 
 
 m 
 
 «|5- 
 
^razing piur- 
 
 Hbwnships West of Second Initial Meridians-Range XXII. 22» 
 
 Sub-division.—Althongh. the soil is generally a little li^ht 
 this township is well adapted for settlement. The surface is 
 rolling, and cut up by ravines, except in the eastern tier of st a- 
 tions, where the land is nearly level, and the soil excellent. A. 
 fane creek of cleaf fresh water, from 10 to 50 links in width and 
 from 2 to 6 feet in depth, with stony bottom, flows through, a 
 deep valley some SO or 40 chains wide. Banks on north sideBr& 
 very high. Along the creek there is a chain of clumps of WooA, 
 principally small ash. Brush occurs in various places thrtouffhr- 
 out the township, but is only suitable for fuel.— i. S. BrabaSm, 
 
 12. OutUnes.— The north is level or undulating prairie. Soil, a heary 
 clay or sandy loam. Good farming land. Moose Jaw CxeelL 
 ttowmg north, is crossed on the eastern half of Section 81. Ite 
 shores are covered with brush.— il. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 The west is rolling and open, level prairie, with a few snas 
 marshes. Soil, from ] to 12 inches d&ep, on sand, cla y and fSsLveH 
 subsoils. Sections 80, 19, 18 and 7 are class 1, the remainder 
 class 2. Ridges from 80 to 60 feet high, were crossed on Sectiona 
 31, 80 and 1. The valley of a branch of Moose Jaw Creek, with. 
 small, scattered poplar, passes along the western tier of sectiona 
 Section 18 is greatly broken by this creek, which is 16 links wide 
 and crosses the line six times ; the banks along the valley of the 
 creek are 100 feet high, having some poplar, ash and thorn. A 
 large grass marsh, with banks from 30 to 40 feet high, crosses the 
 centre portion of Section 1. Section 6 is an alkali flat, neadv 
 level.— J. K. McLean, 1«82. ' 
 
 A branch of Moose Jaw Creek, whose banks are thinlv- 
 wooded, runs through this township almost parallel to, and some- 
 times crossing, the western boundary. A range of clay hills, with 
 deep ravines, traverses the township almost diagonally. In the 
 north-east part the alluvial deposit is small and the veg6tatiaiL 
 scant.—/. J. McArihur, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.— Rolling and undulating prairie. Soil, first 
 class, with heavy clay subsoil. All good farming land. A branch 
 oi Moose Jaw Creek crosses the western part ; the water is good. 
 There is wood in the valley of the creek, but only fit for fuel A 
 good cart trail to Qu'Appelle crosses the townshio from south to 
 north-east -—E. Fafard, 1882. 
 
 13. 0«^/i«es.— North— Moose Jaw Creek crosses this line about the 
 centre of the township, flowing in a north-v -sterly coursa 
 Country adjoining the creek to the south is low lying, with a great 
 deal of water on the surface. There is first class hay on these wet 
 flats, but on the dry portions cactus aud sage brush grow abun- 
 dantly ; class 8. North of the creek is rolling and undulating- 
 prairie, becoming hilly in places. The west is rolling and level 
 prairie. Several hay marshes and low, wet lands were crossed. 
 
 Soil. claV loam, with a nlav snVienil • n]aaaaa 9 nnA A A 1 U _i? 
 
 Moose J aw Creek flows north-east through Section 18. The east 
 is low, level prairie, with a very thin growth of grass, and cactua 
 
"36 Tovfnshtps Went of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XXII. 
 
 .*i4<l sage in abundance. Subsoil, clay and white clay ; classes 3 
 aad 4. Moose Jaw Creek, whiclx is from 15 to 20 links wide, 3 to 
 6 feet deep, good current, banks from 6 to 15 feet high, but very 
 muddy, crosses Section 18 twice and Section 24 five times. — H. B, 
 Proudfoot, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — ^This township is level and gently-rolling 
 3)Tairie, with a little sand and all heavy clay subsoil ; class I in 
 
 Suality, except in some places. The south-west branch of Moose 
 aw Creek crosses, in a northerly direction, between the fifth and 
 sixth tiers of western sections. There is some wood along the 
 4creek, composed of ash, cherry, poplar and willow, all of small 
 •^dimensions, and good only for fuel and fences. The east branch 
 of Moose Jaw Creek runs across the north-west quarter of the 
 ^township. Good farming land. — Dumais and Michaud, 1883. 
 
 ZJUL Outlines. — North — level prairie. The north-west half of Section 
 81 is in the valley of the Moose Jaw. Soil, is a heavy clay ; 
 class 1. A coulee, 17 chains wide, crosses north-east half of Sec- 
 tion 31. A deep slough was crossed in Section 86. "Water scarce ; 
 jno timber — L. Bolton, 1882. 
 
 The west is level prairie. Sections 6, t, 18 and 19 have hay 
 flats, from two to ten inches of water on their surface, clay sub- 
 soil ; class 4. The remaining sections are dry with a clay subsoil ; 
 class 8. Moose Jaw Creek crosses Sections 80 and 81 ; its banks are 
 25 feet high and the stream from five to six feet deep. No 
 limber. The east is rolling" prairie, with several scattered 
 
 marshes and low lands. Soil, clay loam, with a dark clay sub- 
 soil ; classes 2 and 8 A dry watercourse crosses the line four 
 limes in the southeast half of Section 1, Fair farming land.— 
 ^.J. Proudfoot, 1882 
 
 Sub-division. — Level prairie, traversed diagonally by Moose 
 Jaw Creek in a north-west direction. The creek is here from a 
 chain to a chain and a half wide. No wood exists except brush- 
 -wood along the creek. Soil, a clay loam, twelve inches to sixteen 
 inches deep, with very rich black clay subsoil ; first class. — F. 
 Vincent, 1882. 
 
 U15. Outlines.— On all the boundaries, this township is very level, 
 ■with a very heavy clay soil ; no timber whatever, not even willow 
 scrub ; a few sloughs. Very little meadow land ; vegetation 
 short, owing to the hardness of the clay soil. The land is class 1 
 throughout. — L. Bolton, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Level prairie, part undulating. No wood. 
 Water obtainable everywhere. Soil, twelve inches to fourteen 
 inches deep, with black clay subsoil ; first class. — F. Vincent, 
 1882. 
 
 lie Outlines. — North — undulating prairie; very hummocky. Soil, 
 heavy clay ; class 1. A ravine, with a dry creek, passes through 
 the north-east half of Section 86. Good land for grain growing.— 
 JV. Fearce, 1831. 
 
 The west and east sides are very level, very heavy clay soil. 
 JHo timber whatever, not even willow scrub. There are a few 
 
18. 
 
 , fbwHships West of Second Tnitial Meridian.— Range XXII. 227 
 
 JW'^ Very little meadow land; vegetation short, owing to 
 the hardness of the clay soil and dryness of the season. The fand 
 IS class 1 throughout.— i. Bolton, 18-^2. 
 
 Sub-division.-The surface of this township is slightly un- 
 dulating. The soil is clay loam, on a clay subsoil. Very few 
 marshes. Class 1 throughout.— J. L. Reid, 1883. 
 17. Oi««irtes.--Undulating, hummocky prairie on all the boundaries. 
 Soil hard clay ; class 2. A watercourse, with banks about 7 
 leet high, crosses the north-east half of Section 35. Section 2* 
 IS class 3. A large ravine crosses Section 1 ; it is a little gravelly 
 and stony. Another smaller ravine crosses Section 24 The 
 U i^.R. crosses ; there is a station located about the centre of 
 the township. The land is well suited for grain growing.— TF. 
 
 Sub-division —Level, hummocky prairie, having no timber of 
 any kind. Water, very good. Limestone rock was observed in 
 the channel of Cottonwood Creek. Soil, clay, with a small admix- 
 ture of sand, 2 feet to 8 feet deep, with a clay loam subsoil; 
 generally first class. The C. P. R. crosses the township along the 
 north of the first tier of southerly sections, with the station of 
 reuse two miles east of the west boundary.—^. Kerr, 1882. 
 
 0«j/t wes.-On the boundaries the surface is undulating prairie 
 and the soil, m the north, sand and clay loam; classes land 2! 
 liiis part 18 good farming land, but all is well adapted for grain 
 growing. On the west and east the soil is a hard dry clay ; class 
 2. Sections 19 and 30 are gravelly; class 3. A cart t;ail ta 
 qu Appelle crosses from Section 7 to Section 13. Another trail 
 crosses Section 3a. A large ravine, with banks 75 feet hiffh 
 gravelly and stony, crosses Sections 26 and 24.— PT. Pearce 1881 
 Sub-division.— \Jn^u\sii\ng prairie. Cottonwood Creek tra- 
 verses the township from south to north ; its water is good • but 
 in August the channel was almost dry in many places From 
 the northern boundary of Section 11 to the northern boundary of 
 the township, numerous cotton-wood trees are standing furnish- 
 ing good fuel. The high banks on either side of the creek are 
 covered with willow. Soil, a sandy loam, from 18 to 30 inches 
 deep, with sand loam subsoil ; first class —ff. Kerr, 1882. 
 Outlines.— Along all the boundaries the surface is undulating and 
 rolling prairie. On the north and west the soil is sandy, gravellv 
 and stony ; class 3. The north-east half of Sections 19 is clay 
 loam ; class 1. The Qu'Appelle River crosses from Section 18 to 
 26 ; the banks on the north side are high and steep. On the east 
 there IS some level prairie, and the soil is sandy and clay loam- 
 class 2. Section 24 is class 1. The north-east half ot Section 36 
 IS occupied bv a gravelly hill from 250 to 300 feet high. A large 
 slough is in the central portion of Section 25. There is fair farm- 
 ing land m some localities.— W'. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 qu Appelle River, which crosses the township, are some small 
 lfi#l ^^ poplar, aspen, willow and brush. Some good 
 
 19. 
 
228 Tbwnshipa West of Second Initial Meridim.— Range XXII. 
 
 4 
 
 hay lands exist along the river. Soil, generally stony, gravelly 
 and sandy along the slopes of ihe banks of the river, but else- 
 where good, and some 8 or 4 inches deep ; chiefly first class, bat 
 some second, third and fourth.-— •/. W. D' Amours, 1882. 
 
 ^O. Outlines.— l:\iQ north is high, dry, open, rolling prairie ; several 
 grass marshes. Soil, sandy and gravelly loams, with sand and 
 clay subsoils; classes 2 and 8. Sections 31, 32 and 83 are stony 
 on the ridges. A grass meadow and w 'tercourse crosses Sections 
 84, 33, 32 and 31 ; dry in August. Section 31 is greatly broken by 
 hills, ponds and 'marshes, in the vicinity of Arm Rirei'. A cart 
 trail to Long Lake crosses the north-west half of this section. — 
 W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 The west is prairie, with a succession of small knolls. Soil, 
 giwx^^I y and stony ; class 8. The east is rolling prairie, a little 
 stony :n places. Soil, is a good sandy loam ; class 2. Section 1 
 is class 1 A cart trail crosses Section 36. Good farming land. 
 W. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub division. — G-enerally rolling prairie, except on the sections 
 which are cut up by small lakes. These lakes are not very salt, 
 but slightly alkaline ; they are shallow, and their bottoms 
 muddy. No timber exists. Soil, generally good for agriculture, 
 but only from 2 to 5 inches deep, and mostly rather sandy and 
 stony ; first class. — /. W. D' Amours, 18&2. 
 
 '81. Outlines. — Crossed by Long or Last Mountain Lakes, which sub- 
 merges and breaks up the centre of the township. The lake is 
 saline and the shores steep and about 100 feet high. The land on 
 the north side of the lake is good and there is some poplar, but 
 south of the lake the soil is poor and sandy. Little Arm Creek 
 runs north-east to the lake, and is a fresh stream, with the only 
 poplar in this portion of the township growing along its banks. 
 The stream is about 16 feet wide and 18 inches deep with a 
 stony bottom and a dull current. The valley is from 60 to 
 80 feet deep, and from half to three quarters of a mile broad. — 
 J. F. Garden, 18»1. 
 
 Sub-division. Level prairie in the south portion, but hilly 
 and rolling near Long Lake. Little Arm River, which is rather 
 salt, falls into the lake after passing through Sections 7, 8, It and 
 18, becoming gradually larger as it nears the lake. No timber 
 occurs, except on the hills surrounding the lake, these being 
 covered with small islands of very young poplar. Soil, about 
 9 inches deep, with sand and gravel subsoils; second class. — 
 Dupuis and DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 NoTH.— The above remarks refer solely to the portion of the townahip south of Long Lake. 
 
 23. 
 
 Outlines. —TYiQ eastern portion of the north boundary is open, 
 rolling, prairie, and can only be considered third class, owing to 
 alkali flats and ponds. Westwards, the land is rolling, with 
 numerous clumps of small poplar. The soil is a clay loam, with 
 some scattered stones and gravel ridges ; the quality being second 
 
 clay loam, with the exception of some gravelly ridges, which 
 
if Long Lake. 
 
 123, 
 
 limnshipt West of Second Initial Meridian.^Range XXII. 2S9 ' 
 
 intersect the good land. A few bushes, poplar, native maole and 
 
 "rSoXr T^ *^' T.^^l7 °' Lon/lA., which isTe?e W 
 75 to 100 feet deep ; with these exceptions, there is no wood. 
 The quality of the land is chiefly second clast,. The eJ^t^ 
 
 hmV tS/ -^ ''"'"/' \^,^ ^^ P^^^«« ^1^^^ *^« north tti^n'S 
 th nr«iT^ • '' ^°°"derable growth of poplar near the east^but 
 the prairie is generally open, and contains many dried up marehto 
 (September). This is a fair towns'aip for farming.-/. F.X^^ 
 
 class^ntfmi''''"Tv:'^^'' township is rolling prairie. Soil, first 
 m^h^^%l *'' ^ ^""^ P^P^^^' *^^ willows-lz. a 
 
 Oi^i/mes.— An alkaline flat and pond in the south-east. The sur- 
 face is generally rough and broken by ridges andsmall hills w^ 
 
 IvlJa^ Th' • ^^''?i*^" «"1 generally consists of a fa£ 
 1881. '" ^^""^ permanent water.-/. F. Garden, 
 
 Sub-division --Thia township is rolling land, and the soil is 
 
 Ihe soil IS generally a light loam, with gravel showing on 
 
 marsL? wh -^ ^^l ''^^''- ^^^^" ^\' «°^« «1«"^P« of popk s ^a^d 
 KembJ 'T^h.^r'^^'u' "'' greatly diminished by the month of 
 fK^Jden^mr^''''''^ ^^'^ "^^^ a fair farming country.- 
 £lM6.rfims«o„._^olling prairie, with scattered clumps of liirht 
 brush m places. Water in the sloughs is good- but that in th« 
 ponds very bad. Two lakes, over twenty S in area,1cc^^ 
 Sections 21 and 22. respectively. Soil. 4 to 6 inches deeTwitk 
 sandy subsoil ; first class.-^. LeBer, 1882. 
 
 ^^ r«?l?in!?~ — *^~*^V' }^^ S^^'^**« °^ *^^«« «iiles only, the 
 rema nder is m an Indian Reserve. High, rolling and level 
 
 ?rir;r''V.?f^ P^^^?".^^'^ ^^^^^^«- sol day Sfm SeS 
 iLl ir^ • ^^^ remaining two sections are class 1. West— 
 
 S i"}^ ^'l'^ ''Pcf'?? ^^^ >' ^*^*^' ^^«^ broken by large sloughs, 
 n (^rlM882. ®"^^' "^^y- S^*^«l *^d marly loams f classic 
 
 +},« i^*;f "f ■«^— '^' - east half is included in an Indian Reserve ; 
 
 minl^^- ?r'^''lu^ '^^^^^^ P"^^"^' ^i*^ *^« exception of a 
 Th fi tJ. '"^ *¥ ««!^t^-w^t corner, forming part of Sections 6 
 WK 1 u ''''"^^''® ''1?',''?^ ^'°^^^' especially towards the south. 
 Sw '^^m' ^^'l^^^all lakes o'' ponds, alternately with hills and 
 
 nOllOWS. No timKorovie+OTirUUiv, 4.1.„ A , i..-. i •' , , , 
 
 may be obtained from Last Mountain. Soil, 2 to 12 inches deel 
 
 Irltn7:Z^^ T^ °' i'T^ '^^'°^^ ' generally second, with some 
 Urstandthirdclass.— jE. .BazeW, 1882. 
 16J*^ 
 
3M0 „ '' Townships West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XXII 
 
 tH 
 
 3B6. Outlines.— "Horth. — land is high, broken and rolling, with sloughs 
 in the hollows, and gravel and stone on some of the ridges. The- 
 soil is clay loam and loam and gravel, with, in mos cases, a clay- 
 subsoil, and is classed second rate. West — high, rolling and 
 open prairie, with sloughs and open ponds. Some stone and 
 gravel. Soil, principally a good clay loam, with, a clay subsoil ;, 
 class 2. Section 80 is class 1. — /. F. Garden, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — The whole of the west half consists of rolling- 
 prairie, with the exception of a small tract in the south-west 
 corner. The surface is very much broken, especially towards the 
 south, with sloughs and small ponds, alternating with hills and 
 hollows. Land, chiefly second class, and better adapted to 
 grazing than farming purposes. No timber in this township, but 
 to the east, on Last Mountain, there is abundance. The east half 
 is occupied as a reserve for Indians. — C. E. Fitton, 1882. 
 
 3W. Outlines. — Going east, along the north end, a poor tract of country 
 is crossed, there being a number of large alkali ponds, sloughs 
 and flats. The soil is an alkaline clay, with occasional stretches 
 of loam and gravel, and is third class, except the last mile, which 
 is second. The surface is either rolling or undulating, open 
 prairie. Going south, on the west boundary, the country is,. 
 for two miles, even, open prairie, with good clay loam soil. The 
 land then becomes more uneven, with sloughs and ponds in the 
 hollows. Soil, clay loam ; class 2. On the east, there is rolling- 
 prairie, with a number of sloughs and a second class, sandy loam 
 soil, with some gravel and stones in the south. — /. F. Garden, 1882. 
 Sub-division. — ^This township is all open, rolling prairie, with 
 iiumerous small sloughs, most of which are dry. The sloughs in 
 the northern part are all alkali ; and in Sections 30, 81 and 32 two 
 alkali lakes occur ; the one in Section 32 is small, but the other 
 is of some size, extending south ae:^oss Section 31, part of Section 
 80, and north some distance into the next township. The soil, for 
 the most part, is a sandy loam, with numerous gravelly knolls of" 
 large size, and would rate class 2. The soil in Sections 30, 31, 32 
 and 83 is nearly all class 3, those sections having large alkali flats 
 in them.— C. E Fitton, 1888. 
 
 ;88. Outlines. — ^North — rolling, open prairie, with grass marshes at 
 intervals of about 10 chains. Sections 34, 33, 32 and 31 are an 
 ■ alkaline and salt plain. Soil, clay loam and clay subsoil ; class 8 
 throughout.— TF. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 On the west — there are numerous alkaline flats and ponds. 
 In the second mile, Devil Creek was crossed, the land bordering it 
 being better than that on the other side of the township. The 
 soil in the northern half is third class, being either a soft clay or 
 sandy loam. For the remaining portion of the line the surface m 
 ^ven, open prairie, with but few sloughs and first class clay loam 
 soil. Going southward for three miles on the east boundary the 
 countrv is onftn and undulatinsr. with larce Donds and low alkali 
 beds. Devil Creek is crossed in the second mile. This is a large 
 stream, about 12 feet wide and 2 feet deep, with a steady current 
 
' li 
 
 29. 
 
 r^mnships West of Second Inif^'al Meridian.^Ra ige XXII. 281 
 
 flowing westward to Long Lake, and having on either side of it 
 a marsh of from 10 to vl chains wide. The land is from third to 
 ^Zt '^r\ ^r"=; Pnncipally a w.t alkaline clay ^ rom thYs 
 southward the land is high and rollmg prairie along the S and 
 
 ni^n ^^«V^'V"'''^^^''^r^ ''' "'^^^^'^'^ westward, the soil mproy- 
 
 *l,a ;^'"*-^ff '^'"■"^-This township is all open prairie and, with 
 *he exception ol the easterly range of sections is nearly ^61 
 
 7sknr^ ^''M*r^^u"^*^^^ ^^'^^'^^^^ ««an alkaH flJt, wlS 
 
 alkali iklVn, i"' '"^ .numerous sloughs, all of which ari 
 ?i. K- u^'^''^ '"''"' "' ^ westerly direction through the 
 
 jownship ; It has an average width of 20 links and is about 8 
 hnks deep, with a soft mud bottom; current very sluggish 
 Another rreek (dry in August) enters on the east side in Sfon 
 1- and, running in a west and north-westerly direction, ioius 
 Devil Creek about the centre of the township. Judgin- frJm thS 
 appearance o the land, a great portion of the contr^e^and s^uth^ 
 wes was under water in the spring. In the southerly part of 
 the township there are several trails The soil is alkali clay- 
 
 tr^^t tssa'^^'^"^ '' ^^' ' ^"^ '' - ^^-^ *^« ^-'~ 
 
 0«^/t«es.-West-Section 6 is an unavailable saline depression, 
 with ponds of brackish water. Xext \\ miles are undulatinj^ 
 prairie wi h grassy marshes. Soil, sand/loam ; class 2 For thf 
 next H miles the land is gently-rolling,^ with large saline flats 
 and numerous marshes and ponds of brackish water ; classes 2 
 anu 3. Land in manv places saturated with saline matter. 
 East-going north the first half mile is in a useless saline depres- 
 sion. Next 1 J miles are hilly prairie, with small ponds of fresh 
 water. Soil clay loam ; class 2. For the remaining 4 miles the 
 country IS roling prairie, with small ponds and marshes of fresh 
 water Clay loana soil, from 6 to 14 inches deep, aUd clay aud 
 gravel subsoils ; classes IJ to 2.—/. Traynor, 1883, 
 
 0«///«e5.~\VMt-Sectious 6, 7 and 18 are gen tlv-rol ling, with 
 large saline flats and numerous ponds and marshes of brackish 
 water ; classes 2 and 8. Sections 19, SO and 31 are rolling prairie, 
 with small ponds of fresh water. Soil, a rich sandy loam^ with 
 clay subsoil; class 1. East- country is rolling prairie, with 
 small ponds and marshes of fresh water. Soil, clay loam, from 6 
 to u inches deep ; clay and gravel subsoils ; classes li to 2.— 
 i. iraynor, 1888. 
 
 31. 0«//wes.— West-level, open prairie, with numerous marshes, 
 many ot them are large and contain deep water. Soil, from 10 to 
 14 inches deep, on sand and clay subsoils; classes 1 and 2. 
 ^ast—rolliug, open prairie, interspersed with numerous marshes. 
 -, — .,„ . ,, ,!.v..„^,T vtv.ej_r, uU oc.nu, gruvci ana yellow oiaf 
 «ubsoi 8 ; class 2. Section 1 is a level alkaline plain ; class 4. 
 A small lake is situated in Sections 12 and 13. Some parts good, 
 for farming.— il. C. Talbot, 1883. ^ 
 
 30. 
 
 I 
 
 
 J 
 
S82 Tovmthipt Wett of Second Initial Median,— Range XXII. 
 
 
 Outlines. — North — rolling prairie, with poplar and •willow binffg, 
 aand hills and numerous marshes. Soil, sandy loam, with a clay 
 .subsoil ; classes as follows ; Section 36, class 1 ; Sections 86, 84, 
 88, 82, class 1 ; Section 31, class 8. "Wolverine Creek crosses, 
 water good. A large lake is situated in Section 81. — T. Drum' 
 mond, 1888. 
 
 West — rolling and level open prairie, with numerous marshes. 
 Soil, from 12 to 15 inches in depth, with a grey sand and clay 
 subsoils ; classes 1 and 2. A creek crosses Section 30, flowing 
 east ; it is 18 inches deep ; slow current. East — rolling prairie, 
 with young poplar and willow blufls. Water was found in every 
 bluff". Soil, from 4 to 16 inches deep, on a sand and clay, also 
 yellow clay, subsoils ; class 2. Large-sized lakes are situated in 
 Sections 24 and 1. Fair farming land.— il. C. Talbot, 1883. 
 
 Outlines. — West — rolling and level, open prairie, with numerous 
 marshes. Soil, from 4 to 6 inches in depth, on a grey sand Bub« 
 soil ; class 2. A small creek, with alkaline water and slow current, 
 flows through Section 31 ; it crosses the line six times. A cart trail 
 also crosses this section. East — rolling prairie, with bluffs of 
 poplar and willow, 8 U) (! inches in diameter. Water in some of 
 the blufi^s. Subsoil, clay, grey sand and sandy clay ; class 2. A 
 small creek, 16 feet wide, 1 foot deep, no current, and a cart trail 
 to Prince Albert cross {Section 24. The cart trail from Touchwood 
 Hills to Prince Albert, and the telegraph line, cross through Sec- 
 tioi; 86— il. C. Talbot, 1883. 
 
 Outlines. — West — rolling, open prairie, with many marshes. A 
 creek, 9 feet wide, 9 inches deep, slow current and good water, 
 crosses Section 31. East — rolling prairie, with poplar and 
 willow bluffs ; poplar, from 2 to 10 inches in diameter. Some 
 water in the bluffs. Soil, on both lines, from 4 to 6 inches deep, 
 on a sand and clay subsoils ; class 2. — A. C. Talbot, 1883. 
 
 Outlines. — West — rolling to level prairie, some parte are gravelly ; 
 a few marsh «. East — rolling prairiC; covered with poplar and 
 willow bluffs, from 6 to 12 inches in diameter Water in nearly 
 every bluff. Soil, 6 to 8 inches deep, on a sand and sandy clay 
 subsoils ; class 2 on this line, and 2 and 3 on the west line.— il. C, 
 Talbot, 1883. 
 
 8C Outlines. — North — ^rolling land, with thick poplar bluffs, from 2 to 
 8 inches in diameter, ^^oil, black and sandy loams, with gravel 
 and clay subsoils; classes 1 and 2. Sections 31 and 32 are sub- 
 merged by a large lake. A small creek crosses Section 33.— T. 
 Drummond, 1883. 
 
 West — rolling prairie, with numerous bluffs. Subsoil, clay, 
 yellow clay, sand and gravel ; class 2. A creek, 10 feet wide, 6 
 inches deep, with good water, flows east through Section 30. ^im 
 old cart trail, and the trail from Touchwood Hills to Prince Albert, 
 and the telegraph line cross Section 18. East — rolling prairie, 
 covered with willow and poplar of 5 to 7 inches in diameter ; 
 water in the bluffs. Soil, 6 io 6 inches deep, on ciay and saudy 
 clay subsoils ; class 2. A small lake in Section 86. — A. C Talbot, 
 1883. 
 
V7, 
 
 28S 
 
 44. 
 
 rtnomhipt West of Second Initial Meridian.-Range XXII. 
 
 ^^^^'^^t^t^:^^^ ^alf covered 
 
 ouo-divisioti and Outlinp<i TViJi. +^,,r„ v • .1 
 
 heavy willowsLd nonl«; P • *°^»«]"P ^^ mostly covered with 
 or creeks ruri^inf?;i' ^^''^^"f^t^e outlet of several streams 
 StoX lakrih?l««^ f '^' "^f"'^ ''•'*" Waterhen Lake and also 
 fTfarmlagp'ur^^^^^^^^ ^^ ^««t cases, unfit 
 
 mMshes, IS a very desirable place for settlement—A-. C. Caddl 
 
 . Oj,«,»M._West-undulating prairie, with blufis of ponlar and 
 
 Sub-division and Outlines.— This township is fractional »nH 
 5ch di l"f •"&i!.!/!L.'f™"'S' l-^TS:. for the most part^ 
 
 46 
 
I 
 
 '284 Tou>mhifn We»t ul Second Initial Meridian. — Range XX IL 
 
 is generally undulating, and is well watered by lakes and Panona^ 
 Creek, which runs across north part. — E. C. Caddy, 1883. 
 
 ^. Svh-divininn and Outlines, — The township is gener.illy covered 
 ■with a thick growth of grey willow and sraall poplar, and is very 
 much cut up with iakes and ponds, which might be drained off'' 
 at a moderate expense, but at present it is hardly fit tor settle- 
 ment. The soil is generally a rich loam, with a clay subsoil. 
 There is very little timber fit for fencing, as all the poplar is of 
 small dimensions. The water in the lakes is generpMy bad, coa- 
 taining a quantity of alkali. Good grazing township. — E. C. 
 Caddy, 1884. 
 
 48. Outlines. — North — rolling land ; sand subsoil, covered with an 
 alluvial coating of from 8 to 4 inches ; poplar and brush ; classes 2 
 to 8. Saskatchewan River (south branch) crosses the line in 
 Sections 84 and Zb.—H D. Ellis, 1882. 
 
 Subdivision and Outlines. — ^l^his township is covered with a 
 heavy growth of grey willow and young poplar, and although 
 land is of a good quality, there is very little at present available 
 for agricultural purposes, owing to the dense willow and great 
 nur.iber of lakes, ponds and marshes It is, however, well 
 adapted for grazing or dairy purpose;- and its near p'oiimity to 
 the Prince Albert settlement and village will make it valuable at 
 no distant day.— ^. C. Caddy, 1883. 
 
 40. Sub-division and Outlines. — The part of this township lying to 
 the north of the north branch of the Saskatchewan River, is not 
 fit for agricultural purposes, being very much broken with ponds 
 and swamps. This side is in general only covered with pitch or 
 jack pine, onjy fit for fuel. The portion of the township situated 
 between the two branches of the tSaskatchewan, is mostly land of 
 a good quality, in some cases, a light loam ; but being situated 
 near wood and the iwo streams is a very desirable place for set- 
 tlers. There are several settlers already located near the forks of 
 the rivers, and when any land is cultivated it seems to bear 
 superior crops. There is a certain amount of open land, but in. 
 general it is covered with a growth of grey willow and slmall 
 poplar.— £ C. Caddy, 1883. 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range XXIII. 
 
 •• Outiines. — North and west — rolling prairie, with a few maTslMMU 
 Soil, 6 to 8 inches deep on a clay subsoil; class 2. Two-thiitl* 
 of the line on Section 80 and one-third on 19 are covenni by & 
 large marsh, water fresh, and one foot deep. — J. K. McLean, 1882- 
 
 The east is high and undulating prairie ; several lanree; 
 marshes were crossed. Soil, 6 inches deep on a clay sabaoil;; 
 classes 2 and 8 — J. J. McArthur, 1882. 
 
 South — hilly ; soil good, but elevations gravelly. BeetL 
 adapted for grazing. Water abundant and fresn. — O. J. Klotx^ 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — ^This township is all in the Dirt Hills, and i» 
 very high and broken. There is a level clay flat running from. 
 the north-west corner in a south-easterly and easterly direction, 
 from one to two miles wide. The soil is a shallow, sandy aad.. 
 clay loam, and heavy gravelly clay, with clay subsoil ; on thft 
 hills it is mixed with gravel and stones ; classes 2 and 3. K» 
 creeks. There are numerous swamps and ponds, most of which. 
 are good water. Vegetation is light, and in some places wiMi 
 sage grows The greater part is only fit for grazing. There ia nm 
 timber. There is a great quantity of water fowl, other game 
 scarce.-— r. B. Gilliland, 1883. 
 
 10. Outlines. — North and west— rolling, broken and slightly luQljr 
 prairie, a considerable number of marshes and ponds, some of tli» 
 latter are alkaline. Soil, 8 to 10 inches deep on a clay 8ub«- 
 soil ; classes 2 and 8 on the west, and 8 on the north. A largat; 
 grass marsh in Section. 18. — /. K. McLean, 1882. 
 
 East — rolling to level prairie, numerous marshes. Soil, fit 
 to 8 inches deep on a clay subsoil ; classes 2 and 8. — J. J. Me^ 
 Arthur, 1882. 
 
 Svh-division. — This township is all in the Dirt Hills, and is,. 
 very hilly and broken, except a small portion of the north-east" 
 corner which is level. The soil is principally gravelly clay, and: 
 in some places sandy and clay loams, with hard clay subaml^r. 
 considerable surface stone ; classes 2 and 3. There are a greaC:. 
 number of ponds and swamps, generally poor water, and but & 
 small quantity of hay in proportion to the amount of swamjpK. 
 Vegetation rather light, but it is evident that it would be somer 
 what better in favciable seasons. It is unfit for cultivation, bofc 
 would be suitable for grazing. No timber whatever. There is m 
 great quantity of water fowl, but other game is scarce ; thia ha&. 
 been a favorite camping ground of the Indians. — r. £. GilliUmd^ 
 1888. 
 
 11, Ow^/iwes.— North -rolling prairie. Soil, 12 to 14 inches deep^^ <hil 
 a clay subsoil ; class 1. Section 36 is classes 2 and 3. A ravinBy^ 
 
 I 
 
2SB 
 
 ZMSt 
 
 IbwnsMpa West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXIII. 
 
 60 feet deep, with a small creek about 8 or 9 feet wide, crosses 
 Sections 36 and 34, and another ravine, with a rivulet crossS 
 Section 88. West-rolling, broken and hilly, wilh nCrous 
 
 ^and 3 East— rolling and level prairie. A grass pond on 
 S^tion 1 was the only one seen. Soil, 18 inches deep, on a clav 
 subsoil ; class 1.^ A ravine, 30 feet deep, with a small creek, crosses 
 Sec ion 36 Riages, from 40 to 50 feet high, were crossed in 
 Sections 24 and 18. Good farming lan'^ — /. K. McLean, 1882 
 
 5tt6-rflv^.«o».— This township is undulating, with some 
 DTolcen, rolling prairie in the south-west comer. The soil is 
 ^laBses 2 and 3. The east half is good for farming, but the west 
 Half 18 swampy, hilly and gravelly, and good only for grazing 
 purposes. No wood whatever.—iJwrwazs and Michaud, 1883. 
 
 OttWfww —The north is level or undulating prairie, with a clay 
 loam soil and some sandy loam. The line is crossed by a creek 
 Howing north near the eastern limit of Section 34 and by another 
 about 1 J miles further west. No wood.— A C Webb, 1881. 
 * on'*^^l*'r^°,^^^°^ *° slightly rolling prairie. Ridges are from 25 
 to 80 feet high. .Voil, 8 to 12 inches deep, on a clay subsoil ; class 
 to Sections 6 and 7 are class 1. Small creeks cross Sections 80, 
 1», 18 and 7. Fair farming land. East— rolling and open, 
 level prairie; a few grass marshes. Soil, from 10 to 12 inches 
 deep on sand, clay and gravel subsoils ; Sections 24, 25, 13 and 12 
 are class 1, the remaining two are class 2. Ridges, from 30 to 60 
 teet high, were crossed on Sections 36, 25 and 12. The valley of 
 a branch of Moose Jaw Creek, with banks 100 feet hio-h and 
 «cattered poplar and ash, occupies parts of Sections ^h, 25 and 36. 
 IHe stream m 13 is 15 links wide and crosses the line six times 
 A large grass marsh, with banks from 30 to 40 feet high, crosses 
 tbe central portion of Section l2. Section 1 is a level, alkaU 
 :flat.— /. K. McLean, 1882. 
 
 Sub-f/iviston.—Leyel and rolling prairie, with a sandy and 
 clay loam soil ; class 1. Good farming land. Some wood in 
 gullies, good only for inel—Dumais and Michaud, 1888. 
 
 . (hitHnes.— Along the north the land is low lying, with a great deal 
 ^ w^ater on the surface. First class hay on the wet flats ; class 3. 
 West— rolling ^^rairie, with a few small marshes. Soil, sand and 
 «lay loams, with clay and sand subsoils ; class 3. Dry water- 
 courses cross t'ections 1 and 19. A small creek crosses Section 18. 
 ^o wood. East— roll ing and level prairie. Several hay rurti.c>»«R 
 •amd low wet Lmds were crossed. Soil, clay loam, w:th a clay 
 «ubsoil ; classes 3 and 4. -H. B. Proudfoot, 1882. 
 
 Subdivision.— The south part of this township is gently- 
 rxoUmg and level prairie. The north-east corner is heavy clay and 
 Wet land, w .lich is covered with water from 6 to 12 inches during 
 :the springseason, but no water was seen at the time of survey. A 
 ■new frail rrnRR(iKSor«*ir>ric. o n%^A i *-^^^ w i tv/i x--, > -n^ .•-. 
 
 Jlo wood 11? ^ ais township, but some in the west part of the adjoin- 
 ing one, along the banks of the creek. There are a few small, dry 
 
Hange XXIII. 
 
 t wide, crosses 
 rijulet, crosses 
 pith numerous 
 ubeoil; classes 
 grass pond on 
 deep, on a clay 
 .1 creek, crosses 
 ere crossed in 
 ^Lean, 1882. 
 U with some 
 The soil is 
 , but the west 
 ly for grazing 
 ud, 1883. 
 
 e, with a clay 
 ed by a creek 
 nd by another 
 ib, 1881. 
 es are from 25 
 subsoil ; class 
 s fcJections 80, 
 ig and open, 
 to 12 inches 
 25, 13 and 12 
 from 30 to 60 
 The valley of 
 'eet high and 
 1i», 26 and 36. 
 ne six times, 
 high, crosses 
 I level, alkali 
 
 a sandy and 
 3me wood in 
 
 i83. 
 
 b a great deal 
 flats ; class 3. 
 oil, sand and 
 Dry water- 
 es Section 18. 
 [ hay rurtichf^R 
 , With a clay 
 
 ip is gently- 
 ^avj"- clay and 
 aches during 
 f survey. A 
 in lo Scgina. 
 af the adjoin- 
 w small, dry 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Ran^e XXIII. 2JjT 
 
 creeks in the south and north-westerly parts of this township. 
 Soil, heavy clay throughout ; class 1. Good land f- '^ agriculturak 
 purposes —DMOTat.s and Michaud, 1883. 
 
 14. 0«</t«es.--"West— all the sections on this line are in a low, wet 
 flat ; water in places from 2 to 10 inches deep. Subsoil, clay and 
 blue clay ; classes 3 and 4. East— level prairie. Sections 1, 12, 18 
 and 24 are hay flats, having from 2 to 10 inches of water on the sur- 
 face, the above sections have a clay subsoil ; class 4. The remain- 
 ing sections are dry, with a clay subsoil ; class 3. Moose Jaw* 
 Creek crosses Sections 26 and 26 ; 6 to 6 feet deep. No timber — 
 H. B. Proudfoot, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Level prairie, with a few swamps (all dry in 
 September), no doubt furnishing plenty of water during spring 
 and early summer. Good fresh water was obtained in any of the 
 dry sloughs by digging a few feet down. No wood whatever. 
 Soil, in the south part, hard, blue clay ; third class. In the north 
 part, a very rich, black loam, on a clay subsoil ; first class.— 21 
 Vincent, 1882. 
 
 "MXi, Outlines. — Very level; very heavy clay soil ; no timber whatever ; 
 a few sloughs, but no streams of any account except Moose Jaw 
 Creek, which traverses this township. Very little meadow land. 
 Vegetation short, owing to the dryness of the season. The land 
 is class 1 throughout.— i. Bolon, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Undulating prairie; heavy clay loam, with 
 clay subsoil. Moose Jaw Creek, in which the water is excellent,, 
 crosses the township.—/. L. Reid, 1883. 
 
 OaWtwes.— North— undulating prairie ; very hummocky. SoiI„ 
 heavy clay ; class 1. Good farming land, well suited for grain. 
 — W. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 East, west and south — very level ; very heavy clay soil ; no 
 wood ; a few sloughs, and not much meadow land. Vegetation. 
 is short, but the land may be rated class 1 throughout.— L. Bolton^ 
 1882. *■ 
 
 Sub-division.— JJndvi\a.ting prairie. Soil, clay loam, with clay- 
 subsoil ; class 1 throughout.—/. L. Reid, 1883. 
 
 Ow^Zmes.-North— undulating prairie. Soil, hard, dry clay; 
 classes 2 and 3. Section 33, north-east half, and Section 34, north- 
 west half, are gravelly; class 3. West— undulating prairie. 
 Soil, hard, dry clay ; class 2. A cart trail to Qu'Appelle crosses 
 Sections 31 and 32. Good farming land. East— undulating, 
 hummocky prairie. Soil, hard, dry clay ; class 2 The C P.R. 
 crosses and a station is located in this township. Land suitable 
 for grain growing. No wood— W. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-aivision — Level, dry prairie, in some parts hummocky. 
 Good water. No timber Soil, a heavy clay of excellent quality 
 ior wheat growing, 60 inches deep and more, with clay subsoil ; 
 first class. The (J. P. R. crosses the township. Belle Plaine 
 
 S'fn.Hrfc'n in orfci-if K-T»Tr»c-f ^i.n-M«-t£^-M U TT toort 
 
 ,,.,, YT V ST L V -w-i lifci . jij., jrx.c7';, iOOi;. 
 
 Outlines.~Al\ undulating prairie. On the north the soil is sandy 
 loam ; some parts are gravelly ; classes 1 and 2 ; part ol Section 31. 
 
 le 
 
 17 
 
s&s 
 
 m9. 
 
 M' 
 
 lao. 
 
 Twnkips Went, of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXHL 
 
 ^eing class 3. A creek (dry when surveyed) crosses Section 36L' 
 ^o wood ; water scarce. On the west and east the soil is hard- 
 dry clay Section 6 and the north-west half of Section 31 are 
 Class Z the remaining sections are stony and gravelly; class 8 A 
 lake, about 9 chains wide, is situated in the south-west half of 
 ^ection .n. Ihis lake was the only water crossed on the west 
 i>o wood Ihe east is class 2, except Sections 24 and 26. which 
 are gravelly and class 3 — PF! Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division —Undulating prairie. No timber, excepting a 
 few young poplar, about 2 inches in diameter, in the north-etst 
 part of Section 33. Water is good. Soil. 6 to 12 inches deep, of 
 ^ry good quality, with a sandy loam subsoil; first class.— 
 xi. Jierr, 1882. 
 
 Oumnes.--An the boundaries were surveyed over undulatinir 
 prairie with a sandy loam soil, gravelly and stony in many placed 
 and rating class 3 except Sections 21 and 18, which have a good 
 clay loam soil ; class 1. Section 3f5 is full of small knolls. The 
 <4uAppelle River crosses the centre of the township— east and 
 west-ma deep broad valley, with steep north banks and numbem 
 ©I connecting ravines — W. Pearce, 1P81. 
 
 Sub-division.— Undnlaimg prairie. Qu' Appelle River flowB 
 eastward across the township ; its current is very swift and its 
 bottom muddy. It is from six feet to twenty feet deep, and from 
 thirty feet to seventy feet wide. Its banks are partly covered 
 witli wood, such as aspen, willow and ash. Soil, in general 
 stony, sandy and gravelly, particularly along the banks of the 
 nver where it is rather too stony for agriculture. Rates, by 
 localities, from first down to third class.—/. W. D' Amours, 1882 
 Outlines.— l^orth-high, open, rolling prairie, with a great number 
 ol grass ponds and meadows at intervals. Soil, gravelly loam, 
 with a clay subsoil ; class 2. Sec+ion 36 is greatly broken by the 
 Little Arm River, water 18 inches deep, good but brackish; 
 It Hows north-east ; the banks of this river are 100 feet high and 
 the valley wide This section is rated class 3. Water plentiful. 
 No wood.— W. T. Thompson, ISSh 
 
 West and east— undulating prairie. Soil, sandy loam. 
 .gravelly and stony ; class 3. Section 31 is broken by Arm River ' 
 banks are high and steep, ar.d a valley occupies two-thirds of the 
 section. The east is prairie, with a succession of small knolls. 
 1 wo alkaline ponds are situated in S< ction 25. No wood and not 
 much surface water on eithe.' hne.— W. Pearce, IcBl. 
 Qc of^oo'^'oo^onT-?^"?^^^^^ iindulating, except in 'Sections 26, 
 t r-J' \ ^^' ^^' ^" ^"^ '■^'' "^^i^^'e the land is considerably broken, 
 by the banks of the Little Arm River. The current of this 
 stream, which runs eastward, is not very swift ; its channel is 
 very crooked, and from 40 to 60 links wide. The water i» 
 trefch but not very good; the bottom is generally shallow and 
 muddy. There is no timber whatever. .><oil, pretty good on all 
 t^e sectiOiiS not cat up by the river ; but along its banks it is 
 rather too sandy, gravelly and stony ; first, second and third class. 
 — /. W. D' Amours, 1882. 
 
m^y 
 
 9Z. 
 
 2S8. 
 
 Tbwnships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XX\U. 2S9^ 
 
 Outlines.— "East— Long Lake (saline) cuts off the north-east corner.. 
 The prairie consists of a soil of a light sandy description, except: 
 near the lake, where it is better, and is a loam, on a clay ^ absoil*. 
 —J". F. Garden, 1881. 
 
 "West— rolling country. Soil, light sandy loam, with a clay- 
 and gravel subsoil ; class 2. A few small marshes. Fair agri- 
 cultural land.— T. R. Hewson, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.— Uolling prairie, with several I'' kes and ponds^. 
 in the south portion, all containing fresh water. There isna* 
 timber, except some small wood upon the hills bordering on Long 
 Lake. A few swamps. Soil, 8 or 9 inches deep, with sand and. 
 gravel subsoils ; second and third class. — DuBer^er and Dujmis^ 
 1882. o ^ -»■ 
 
 Outlines — North — westward from the north-east corner to Long - 
 Lake, the country is open, rolling prairie land, with some sloughs,, 
 and a soil ranging from a sandy loam, second class, to a clay loam, 
 near t,^ lake, first class. The banks of the lake are about 60 feet: : 
 high, a^d descend abruptly to the water's edge. The width of: 
 the lake is about one mile. On the west side the banks are only 
 about 20 feet high, and the adjoining land is poor and very stony,, 
 the surface rising to the west, and classes 3 to 4. The east ia . 
 open and rolling. The soil is a clay loam, with the exception of" 
 some gravelly ridges which intersect the good land, rating second, 
 class. A few bushes, poplar, native maple and elm trees, occur - 
 along the valley of Long Lake.--/. F. Garden, 1882. 
 
 West — rolling country. Soil, light sandy loam, with a clay 
 and gravel subsoil ; class 2. No wood. Very little water.— r, R^ 
 JSewson, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township is broken by Long Lake, whicl*. 
 crosses it diagonally from south-east to north-west. The land i«i 
 generally undulating prairie, except in the north-western part*, 
 where it is level and very stony. On the west side of the laka 
 the soil is generally third class, but on the cast side it is first 
 class, except along the banks of the lake, where it i? rather- 
 gravelly and stony. There is some timber along the lake, chiefiy 
 oak and poplar. The banks are from 60 to 100 feet high.-^- 
 DuBerger and Dupuis, 1882. 
 
 Outlines. — North— open, undulating and rolling prairie. Sofl, is 
 a rich clay loam ; class 1. A ravine, with a creek, crossei Section 
 S4 ; there is an appearance of gravel on this section. A great 
 many tp-arshes and water holes were mot with. Long Lake comes 
 nearly to Section 32. lu the south-west the surface is ox>en 
 and undulating, with scattered stones. The soil, changes from a 
 loam to p. sandy loam and stiff clay ; second to fourth class, the 
 poorer laud adjoining the lake. Some alkali beds occur in this 
 
 fart, JNo w uod. Most of the west half, however, is submerged 
 7 Long Lake /saliiic), and broken by its vaiiey which is about 
 100 feet deep. The eastern portion of the township is good:^ 
 agricultural land.—/. F. Garden, 1881. 
 

 540 Towmhipg West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXm. 
 
 Sub-division.— TT&ine, level in the south part and undulatinir 
 elsewhere. Soil, generally stony; third and fourth class.-- 
 JJupui$ and DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 «4. 0«^/mes— North— gently-undulating prairie, with a good sandy 
 loam soil, but no wood.— jB. Bray, 1881. 
 
 Bordered on the west by Long Lake (saline), and brokea 
 somewhat by its valley. The soil is lighter than further south ; 
 but 18, nevertheless, good agricultural clay loam land. It has, 
 however, but little permanent water beyond the lake. —J. F 
 Garden, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— Eolling prairie, with many small sloughs^ 
 generally containing good water in small quantity. Last Moun- 
 tain or Long Lake, which occupies part of the western sections, 
 18 rather salt; but its water, when boiled, can be safely used. 
 No timber. Soil, from 2 to 6 inches deep, with a sandy or gravelly 
 subsoil ; chiefly second, with some first class.— fT. LeBer, 1882. 
 
 25. Outlines.— The north is open prairie ; the east and west thirds 
 being rolling, and the central third uneven, with ravines and 
 sloughs in them. The soil is various, some places being a dark 
 loam, and others a sandy loam ; but mostly a good second-class 
 clay loam. West— rolling open land, with stones on the ridges; 
 and but few sloughs. The soil is a light loam on a clay subsoil, 
 and ra<tes about second class. The surface slopes gently towards 
 Long Lake. East— high rolling and open hilly land, much 
 broken by large sloughs, ponds and knolls. Soil, clay, gravel and 
 marly clav loams ; class 2. A large deep slough, in an alkali flat, 
 IS situated in the central portion of Section 12.—/. F. Garden, 1882. 
 Sub-division— There is a little second-class land scattered 
 through this township, but it consists chiefly of first-class farming 
 land. It is all open prairie, generally rolling, except in the north- 
 east corner, where it is somewhat hilly and broken, and rather 
 gravelly. The western part slopes gradually in the direction of 
 Long Lake, which is about two miles west of this township. 
 . J^®^® F^ a few sloughs and ponds, chiefly in the eastern part 
 There is no timber of any kind ; but on Last Mountain, about six 
 miles to the east, there is an abundance of fuel, and large poplar, 
 fit for building and other purposes.— £. Bazett, 1882. 
 
 Outlines.— The north is rolling, open prairie, with, in some few- 
 places, a small quantity of scattered stones, the soil being largely 
 of clay loam, of first-class quality. East— high, rolling, hilly 
 and open prairie, with sloughs and open ponds ; some stones and 
 gravel scattered about. Soil, principally a good clay loam, with 
 a clay subsoil ; class 2. Section 25 is class 1. The elevations 
 range from 30 to 40 feet high.— J. F. Garden, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division— Open rolling prairie, having, in the western 
 portion a gentle slope towards the west, being the commencement 
 of the descent to Long Lake, some two miles distant. The eastern 
 
 by ponds or small lakes of clear fresh water. While it is not, on 
 this account, so well suited for agriculture, it is admirably 
 
 86. 
 
Jbwnshipt West of Second Initial Meridian.— Bange XKIU. 2*1 
 
 adapted for grazing, the hills and hollows being covered with a 
 thick and luxuriant growth of grass. No timber whateyer cxiata, 
 m the township, bat a good supply of large poplar may be ob- 
 tained from Last Mountain, about seven miles to the east. SoiL 
 
 fiZtTt^ttol, mt''''''^ ""''' ^^ «^^^y «^^-^^ fi«* 
 
 |27. Outlines.--The west boundary lies in Last Mountain Lake. The 
 I land east of the lake, as far as perceptible, is easily rolling and 
 open. The soil is a light loam, on a clay subsoil, and clSss 8: 
 tJomg south, on the east boundary, the country is, for two miles, 
 open prairie, with good clay loam soil. The land then beconso^ 
 more uneven with sloughs and ponds in the hollows. SoiLclav 
 loam ; class 2.-7. F. Garien, 1882. ^ 
 
 &ub-division.'~Ro\\m^ prairie, dotted with numerous sloughs. 
 feoU black loam, with clay subsoil ; class 1, except in the west a£ 
 the township, where it is class 2. Long Lake submerges the west 
 boundary; the water is good, but slightly alkaline. No timber. 
 1883 "^ '' ^^^^ ^"^"^^^ ^^'^ farming.- Jf. /. Charbanneau,. 
 
 |28. Oit«mes.-North-the eastern half of this line is in a level, open. 
 
 I salt plain, with snipe meadows, covered with low, stunted sraw 
 and salt weed. The western half is high, dry, open, rolling 
 prairie. Soil, sandy loam and gravelly. Long Creek, with sali^ 
 water, 3 feet deep, flows south through Section 33. A saline 
 
 «f m' 1,;°°* ^®®P' ^^*^ ^ moderate current, crosses Section 86.— 
 vv. T. Thompson, 1881, 
 
 West— southward, and in the vicinity of the west side of 
 iiong Lake, the surface is undulating, with a wet, sandy soil, and 
 an alkaline clay subsoil, being third class in quality for the first 
 tour miles, thence to the end of the line the soil is somewhat 
 n ^•^''" n ^^^Z^^^ northern half is low land, with numerons 
 aikaJine llats and ponds. In the second mile Devil Creek is 
 crossea. The soil is third class, being either a soft clay or sandv 
 loam. On the southern half of the line the surface is even, open 
 prame, with but few sloughs, and first class clay loam soil —X 
 F. Garden, 1882. 
 
 An exception to the fertility of the land east of Last Mountain: 
 Lake is near the northern end of it, where the southern end of the 
 Alkaline Plain is met. This lies east of the large creek which 
 flows mto the head of the lake, and is six or eight miles wide and 
 extends northwards from the centre of this township— PT. F 
 King, 1881. ' *■ 
 
 Sub-division.— ThQ north half of this townshio is low and 
 wet. Soil, sandy loam, mixed with alkali ; class 3? The south 
 hall is undulating prairie. Soil, clay loam, with clay subsoil ; 
 class 1. Last Mountain or Long Lake occupies the greater part of 
 the west half of the township ; the water is slightly alkaline but 
 
 f ^ .!5.®^_ Tii ^^^^^ ^^'^^^ *^® ^^^^ *t *^e north-west corner 
 Oi towiiSiiip. There is a luxuriant growth of grass all over 
 especially in the north half. No timber. Well adapted for ffrazinir 
 purposes.— Jf. /. Charbonneau, 1888. & --s 
 
i242 Townthips West of Second Initial Meridian - -Ran^e XXIII. 
 
 Sll*. Outlines. — The west is open, level and undulating prairie, with a 
 3vw sandy ridges, ponds and marshes of iresh water. Soil, a 
 light, loam ; classes 1 and 2. A low saline flat just enters the 
 township on Section 6. East — Section 1 is a saline depression, 
 •with ponds of brackish water, and may be classed fourth. Next 
 1:J miles are undulating prairie, with grassy marshf s. Soil, sandy 
 loam ; class 2. For the next 3| miles the land is gently-rolling, 
 ■with large saline flats and numerous marshes and ponds of 
 brackish water ; classes 2 and 8. — 1. Trai/nor, 1888. 
 
 The south-east quarter is occupied almost entirely by an 
 alkaline plain.— TT. F. King, 1881. 
 
 3M>. Outlines. — "West — for first 2| southerly miles the land it is chiefly 
 saline depressions and muskeg; classes 8 to 5. Next If miles ar© 
 gently-rolling prairie. Soil, clay loam, gravelly subsoil ; classes 1 
 and 2. A lake, about 40 chains wide and running in a north- 
 iwrest and south-easterly direction, is here met, and along the line 
 covers the greater part of Sections 80 and 81. On the north-east 
 side of this lake the land is very stony ; class 8 On the east — 
 Sections, 1, 12 and 13 are gently-rolling, with large saline flats 
 and numerous ponds and marshes of brackish water. The land 
 is, in many places, so saturated with saline matter that it is 
 difficult to travel. Sections 24, 25 and 36 are rolling prairie, with 
 small ponds of fresh water. Soil, a rich sandy loam, with clay 
 subsoil ; class 1. — /. Traynor, 1 888. 
 
 ~. Outlines — Going south, on the west boundary, the first half mil 
 is gently-xxndulating prairie, with occasional marshes ; classes 1 
 and 2. Next three miles are level prairie, stony, with low marshy 
 land ; class 2. The remainder of this line is rolling prairie and I 
 Btony. — /. Traynor, 18^*8. 
 
 East — level, open prairie, with numerous marshes. Soil, from 
 10 to 14 inches deep, on sand and clay subsoils ; classes 1 and 2. 
 Many of the marshes are large and contain deep water. — A. C. 
 Talbot, 1883. 
 
 i3l3^. Outlines.- Going south, on the west boundary, the ilrst 30 chains | 
 are a large pond ol brackish Mater and low land. The next three i 
 .miles are compoeec' of large ponds and marshes, with low ridges j 
 intervening; classes 2 J to 4. Remaining portion is gently 
 •undulating prairie, with occasional marshes ; first to second class. 
 — J. Traynor, 1883. 
 
 East— rolling and level, open prairie, with numerous marshes. 
 Soil, 12 to 16 inches deep, on a grey sand and clay subsoil ; classes j 
 1 and 2. A creek crosses Section 25, and flows east ; it has 18 j 
 inches of water ; current slow. — A. C. Talbot, 1883. 
 
 Outlines. — The west is gently-undulating prairie, with a few grass j 
 ponds, marshes and small clumps of willows. Soil, first to second j 
 class. — /, Traynor, 1888. 
 
 East-Trolling and level, open prairie, with numerous marshes. 1 
 Soil, from 4 to 6 inches deep, on a grey sand subsoil ; class 2. A j 
 small lake is situated in the north-east quarter of Section 25. A 
 creek, with alkaline water and slow current, flows through 
 
entirely by an 
 
 Tuwrnhips West 0/ Second Inffiat Meridian.-Ran^r XXm 248 
 
 A cart trail also crosses 
 
 84. 
 
 Section 86 ; it crosses the line six times, 
 this section.— il. C. Talbot, 1883. 
 
 p««K«M.-We8t-going north, for the first 6* miles the countrv 
 IS gently-undulating prairie, with a few grass pS marshes 1 J 
 small clumps of willows ; first to second cffS a saline 
 lake occurs, extending from ]J to 2 miles in a south westerh 
 
 crossS;^ sj&r a^^ d^/r^a'^s ^t^id^ 
 
 clay subsoils ; class 2. A creek, 9 feet wide, 9 hi^hes deep slow 
 current and good water, crosses Section S6.Ja. CmboTlS8B 
 
 8«. 0«^/i«es.- West-first four miles, going south, are covered with 
 poplar and willow brush, with trees, chiefly of smairJrowth bS 
 ma few places 12 inches in diameter, and suitable fof small W 
 
 Sa^.'^f *~''''i!^'"^ **" ^^""^^ P^^^"^ ' so^e parts are o-ravellv 
 Several marshes were met with. Soil, 6 inches deep on a sa d 
 
 tlUml "^' '"''^^ '^'^ '"^'°^^^' '^''''' 2 and 3.-7^ 
 
 86. 0«J/j«e«.-Going south, on the west line, the first two miles are 
 knolly prairie with numerous bluffs of small poplar and w ilows 
 and ponds Next four miles are poplar and willow brush wiTh 
 trees, chiefly of small growth, but in a few places of ?2 inches 
 diametor, and fit for small log buildings; there are numerous 
 wiHow swamps and a few small prairil openings.-/ C/rr! 
 
 «ml«^?*r^''^^'S^ P'"''?"^' "^'^^ numerous bluffs of timber Sub- 
 soils of clay, yellow clay, sand and gravel ; clans 2. A creeklO 
 
 lecti^i 25 '"^Th" ^-Pv^^l^^-d water, flows east thxTugh 
 Section 25. The cart trail from Touchwood Hills to Prince 
 Albert, and the telegraph line, cross the township.-^. C. TaZt, 
 
 Outlines.— West-hroken, open, rolling prairie. Numerous small 
 
 Clay class 2. A ridge and a coulee cross Section b. The cart 
 trail from Touchwood to Prince Albert, and the telegraph lin 
 cross the township. East-rolling to level prairie, half covered 
 with willow and young poplar ; there is also a la,g; quantrtv of 
 small, dry,poplar Soil, 4 inches deep, on clay, yeliow^Tay sLd 
 and sandy clay subsoils ; class 2. Sections 26^ aid 36 areTolW 
 open prairie.—^. C. Talbot, 1883. roiimg, 
 
 0«^/mes.-West^rolling, broken and hillv Drairie. n..,rtW no^.y.r] 
 wim poplar biufls .^m 3 to 12 inches in diameteVr water was 
 
 Yel* ^^^^ ^ ^^' ^^^^""^ °^^y : "^^^'^ 2, East - 
 
 97. 
 
 8». 
 
 i 
 
241 Towmhips West of Second Initial Meridian — Range liXWL. 
 
 rolling, open prairie, slopes gently to the north. Several small 
 marshes were crossed. A large lake is situated in Sections 24, 25 
 and 86 ; two-thirds of Sections 24 and 25 are also submerged by 
 this lake. Soil, 4 to /> inches dee^), on a sandy clay and clay sub- 
 soil ; class 2.— A. C. Talbot, 1883. 
 
 45. Outlines. — "West — well wooded with fair sized poplar, many trees 
 suitable for house logs. The surface is broken up by high hills, 
 but a great portion has soil of a superior quality, — L. Patrick, 
 1883. 
 
 Sub-division and Outlines. —This township is nearly all bush, 
 for the most part small poplar good for fencing ; it has some groves 
 of large timber good for building purposes. In the lowlands the 
 soil is generally a good clay loam, but as it is situated, for the 
 most part, in the Birch Hills, where the soil is a light sandy loam, 
 this township is rated class 2. Carrot River runs through the 
 south-east part of the township and forms a large lake on Sections 
 2 and 3, in which there is an abundance of pike and pickerel. 
 There are two other lakes. There is a good mill privilege on 
 Section 11 on Carrot River, there being a fall of about one foot to 
 a chain, and banks about 40 feet high. The township is well 
 watered by small brooks, in which the water is fresh. In some 
 parts there is a quantity of standing and dead fallen timber good 
 for fuel.— .£?, C. Caddy, 1882-83. 
 
 46. Outlines — West — fairly wooded with poplar and willow, but in 
 Section 1 only is there any building timber. A great portion of 
 the centre and north of the line, being wet and covered with a 
 very heavy growth of willow, is only suitable for grazing. — L. 
 Patrick, 1883. 
 
 East — undulating prairie ; bluffs of poplar and willoW ; num- 
 erous ponds and hay marshes. Class 1 throughout, — A. L. Russell, 
 18t8. 
 
 Sub-division and Outlines. — This township is, for the most part 
 covered with a thick growth of willow and poplar, On a few 
 sections, to the south and south-west, there is some good building 
 and fencing timber, sufficient for the use of the set+iers. There is 
 also a quantity of fallen, dead and standing timber good for fire- 
 wood. The soil is principally a good clay loam, covered with a fair 
 depth of alluvial soil. There are also several lakes and small 
 streams, in which the water is fresh and good. — E. C. Caddy, 1883. 
 
 47. Outlines. — West — generally covered with a heavy growth of 
 willows, and a few poplar trees. Only suitable for grazing, there 
 being a splendid quality of hay. The land may be readily 
 drained to Panona Creek. Soil, sometimes sand, and sometimes 
 clay loams, on clay subsoil ; classes 1 to 3. — L. Patrick, 188?. 
 
 West — undulating prairie ; bluffs of poplar and willow ; num- 
 erous ponds and hay marshes. Class 1 throughout. — A. L. Russell, 
 1878. 
 
 Sub-division and Outlines. — This townshio. althoTiD'h con- 
 taining land of good quality, is so covered with a dense growth 
 of grey willow, and a certain amount of small poplar, that a very 
 
i^ii 
 
 Tbwnships West of Second Initial Meridiim.— Range XXIII 246 
 
 small portion is fit, at present, for agriculture ; bat, as it contains 
 a very great number of marshes and ponds, is very well adapted 
 for cattle. There are small patches of open country, bordering 
 along a lake called Long Lake, but only being in small, d tached 
 pieces, can hardly be called open country. A great amount of 
 this township can be drained at some future day, at a very 
 reasonable expense, when it will become land of very superior 
 quality, as the soil is a good loam, with a stiff clay subsoil, 
 making it class 1 for wheat raising.— S. C. Caddy, 1884. 
 
 48. OmjWwcs.— North— tamarac swamps, muskegs ; poplar, jack pine 
 and fallen timber ; sandy subsoil, without alluvial covering • 
 class 4 ~H. D. Ellis, 1882. ** ' 
 
 Sub-division and Outlines. — This township is covered with a 
 heavy growth of either jack pine, poplar or willow. The jack 
 pine occurs to the north of the south branch of the Saskatchewan 
 River, where the land, as a general rule, is rather inclined to be 
 sandy. In the more eastern part, lyin<r to the north of river, there 
 is some very desirable land, although at present covered with 
 poplar and willow. The portion lying to the south of the river 
 IS mostly land of a good quality, and although there is generally 
 a heavy growth of large grey willow and scattered poplar, it will 
 come into favor for settlement, owing to its position near the 
 river, and near the settlement of Prince Albert. A small amount 
 is broken up with numerous pond holes, but the greater number 
 can be easily drained in the Saskatchewan River. One great 
 inducement also lor settlers is being so near an unlimited supply 
 of firewood, fence rails, and building timber.—^. G. Caddy, 1888. 
 
 49' Sub-division and Outlines.— There is very little of this t ^wnship 
 suitable for agricultural purposes. The soil is of a light sandy 
 nature ; classes 2 and 3. It is also much broken by ponds, lakes 
 and tamarac swamps, and is rough and hilly where it is dry. 
 The north part of the township, south of the North Saskatchewan 
 River, IS generally covered with a growth of pitch pine, suitable • 
 only for fuel. The North Saskatchewan River runs easterly 
 through the whole of the township. This river is navigable for 
 steam vessels drawing very little water.— £. 0. Caddy, 1883. 
 
 16J*=J«= 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Eanoe XXIV. 
 
 9. Outlines.— The north is rolling and hilly prairie; so reral grass 
 ponds, and two alkaline ponds '^re crossed The soil is 6 to 9 
 inches deep on a clay subsoil lasses 2 and 3. The east is 
 rolling prairie, Peveral small ir. - s. Two-thirds of Section 25, 
 and one-third of the north-easi . ^4, are covered by a large marsh 
 of fresh water. Soil, 6 to 8 inches deep on a clay subsoil ; class 
 2.— .7. K. McLean, 1882. 
 
 The west is hilly prairie, better suited for grazing than farm- 
 ing. The soil is good and the grass fine in the valleys, but the 
 hill tops are generally gravelly and stony. The south is rough 
 and hilly ; gravelly and stony on the summits, but, in the bot- 
 toms, the soil is good and grass abundant. Is a good grazing 
 township Water abundant and fresh.— O. /. Kloiz, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township is very undulating and marshy, 
 and is unsuitable for agriculture, but is good pasture ground. 
 Sections 25 and 36 are the best for farming purposes.— C. F. 
 Leclerc, 1888. 
 
 10. Outlines. — North and east — rolling, broken and hilly prairie'; 
 numerous grass and some alkaline ponds. Soil, 6 to 10 inches 
 deep on a clay subsoil ; class 3 in the north, and 2 and 3 in the 
 east. A large grass marsh, with IJ feet of water, is situated in 
 Section 18. The ridges are 20 to 30 feet high.— 7. K. McLean, 
 1882. 
 
 The west is rough and hilly prairie, which is well suited for 
 grazing as there is fine grass and water. The tops of the ridges 
 are stony.— O. /. Kfoiz, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township is unsuitable for agricultural 
 purposes, being very sandy, and swampy. Good only for pasture. 
 Soil, classes 3 and 4. No wood whatever. — C. F. Leclerc, 1888. 
 
 11. Outlines.— l^orih and east — very broken and hilly prairie. 
 Several marshes and grass swamps in the north, but numerous in 
 the east The ])iit Hills commence to rise to the south, in Section 
 86. In the north-west of Section 31, there are a confused number 
 of f mall hills. Stony. Some of the ridges are from 25 to 30 feet 
 high. Soil, 6 to 10 inches deep, on a clay subsoil ; Sections 86, 
 25 and 1:4 are class 2 ; Sections 13, 12 and 1 are class 8 ; the 
 north is classes 2 and 3. An alkali pond was crossed in Section 
 12.—/. K. McLean, 1882. 
 
 West — hilly prairie, much broken by ravines, ridges and 
 lumps There are occasional small ponds of fresh water. Soil, 
 clay and sandy loam, with gravel and stone ; classes 2 and 3.— 
 A. C. Wibb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — The north-west part is very broken and hilly. 
 The soil is generally sandy and gravelly, and very stony on tops 
 
Tmnshipt We$t of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXIV. 247 
 
 of ridges. There are numerous ponds and sloughs of good, clear 
 water. The south-oast half is rolling and undulating prairie. 
 The soil is sandy loam, with a clay loam subsoil. N"o wood. 
 Better {idapted to grazing than farming purposes.— i^uwats and 
 Michaud, 1883. 
 
 12. Outlines — North — level or undulating prairie. Soil, a heavy clay 
 or sandy loam There is no wood, and water is scarce, except in 
 a small creek on Section 32, flowing north. West— rolling and 
 hilly prairie. Soil, clay and sandy loams, with gravel and stone 
 in places ; classes 1 and 2. The northern slope ot the Dirt Hills 
 or Missouri Coteau, is situated in Section 31, crossing the town- 
 ship in a south-east direction. A ravine, about 8 chains wide, 
 having a dry bed of a creek, is in Section 18.-4. C Webb, 18H1. 
 East — rolling to slightly-rolling prairie ; the rolls, ranging 
 from 25 to 80 feet high. Soil, 8 to 12 inches deep, Oii a clay sub- 
 soil ; class 2. Small creeks cross Sections 25, 24, 13 and 12. Fair 
 farming land. — /. K. McLean, 1»82. 
 
 Sub-division. — All the sections adjoining the north boundary 
 contain good farming land, and are level, with some swampy 
 portions. The remainder of the township lies in the Dirt Hills, 
 and is rather roui^h There is some wood in the bottom of the 
 gullies, which will be good for fencing and fuel. The soil 
 throughout is a sandy loam, with gravelly parts, and covering a 
 gravelly and clay subsoil. The township is class 1 for pasturage. 
 Dumais and Michaud, 1H88. 
 
 18. Outlines. — Xorth — a creek, a branch of Moose .Taw Creek, crosses 
 the line in the eastern part. South of creek, country is low-lying, 
 with a great deal of water ou the surface. First class hay exists 
 in the wet flats. Class 3 East — rolling prairie, with several 
 small marshes Soil, sandy and clay loams, with clay and sand 
 subsoils ; class 3. Dry watercourses cross Sections 12 and 24, 
 and a small creek. Section 23. No wood ; water scarce. — H. B. 
 Proudfoot, 1882. 
 
 West — undulating and rolling prairie. Soil, clay loam, with 
 gravelly ridges : classes 1 and 2. Dry creek bed crosses Section 
 7. Fair farming land.— il. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-divis^un. — Level and rolling prairie, all sandy loam ; class 
 1. Water scarce, ino wood whatever. Good farming land. — 
 Dumais and Michaud, i883. 
 
 14. Outlines. — North— rolling and level, dry i)rairie. On this line, 
 soil, clay loam, wifh a clay subsoil ; class 3. Two-thirds of Section 
 36 is low, wet laud, and from here southwards, along the whole 
 ot the east line, there is a low, wet flat ; water in places from 2 to 
 10 inches in depth. A small creak crosses the south-east half of 
 Section 1. The soil, eastwards, is thin ; the subsoil is clay and 
 blue clay ; the rating classes 3 and 4. — fl". B. Proudfoot, 1882. 
 
 West — rolling prairie, with a heavy clay soil. A small creek 
 flowing north-east is crossed near the southern limit of Section 7, 
 but generally water is scarce and there is no wood. — A. C. Webb, 
 188 1. 
 
-^'■f 
 
 248 lown$h%pt West of Second Initial Meridian— Range XXIV. 
 
 Sub division —TioWing And lovel prairio. Only a fow creeks 
 run through this township. Soil, cluy loatu , (^lusses I and 2. 
 Good farming land. No wood whatever.— JDw/wras and Michaud 
 1883. 
 
 15. Outlines. —The north and ea«t are very levol, with a clay soil. 
 TherM are ii few sloughs, but no streams of any a(!count, except 
 Moose law Creek, traverse the township. There is very little 
 meadow land, and vegetation is short owing to th(> dryness of the 
 season. The land is class 1 throughout. There i« no wood what- 
 ever.— L. Bolton, 1882. 
 
 West— undulating and level prairie. Soil, strong, heavy 
 clay: class 1. Moose Jaw Creek flows west through Section 19, 
 current about half a mile an hour, bottom soft and muddy, banks 
 on each side are 20 feet high. This creek was the only water 
 found, (lood farminiar land, well adapted for grain-irrowinff. No 
 wood.— IF I'earce, 1881. » » B 
 
 Sub-f/ivixion,- Level and gently-rolling prairie Soil, class 1, 
 Moose Jaw Creek crosses the township about the centre in an 
 easterly din'ction. No wood whatever. A trail (^rosses in the 
 same direi;tion as the creek. "Water scarce, except where this 
 creek passes. No alluvial soil anywhere.— i)?/wflw and Michaud, 
 1883. 
 
 16. Outlines. — North and west — undulating prairie, very Lummocky, 
 Soil, heavy clay; class 1 throughout. Good agricultural landi 
 3uitahl(; for grain-growing. No wood or water.— PT. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 On the east and south it is -ery level, with a very hoav^ clay 
 soil. No timber whatever. There are a low sloughs; very 'little 
 meadow land ; vegetation short, owning to the hardness of the clay 
 soil. The land is rated class I throughout.—!,. Bolton, 18h2. 
 
 &ub-iJivision.— Slightly undulating prairie. Soil, clay loam, 
 with clay subsoil ; class 1. — .7. L. Reid, 18a3. 
 
 17. OM^/i«e.s.- North— undulating prairie. Soil, hard, dry clay; class 
 2. Sections 31 and S_ are full of boulders, and very stony ; class 
 8. The north-west half of Section 31 is occupied by Moose Jaw 
 Creek and its valley ; this creek flows north, and has high, steep 
 banks. Sections VS to 36 are good farming localities, and well 
 suited for grain growing. On the west, Sections 6 and 7 are level ; 
 soil, hard clay, very dry, the latter section is broken by ravines, 
 stony in hollows. A trail crosses 7 ; the remaining four sections 
 are very rough and full of boulders. There is a little wood and 
 scrub in the ravines along Moose Jaw Creek and its valley ; it 
 flows north through each of them, and its banks are very high 
 and steep ; class 3. The east is undulating prairie. Soil, hard, 
 dry clay ; class 2. Cart trail to Qu'Appelle crosses Section 36. 
 Good farming land, well suited tor grain. No wood or surface 
 water.— TT. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.~W est — level, hummocky prairie. There is no 
 timber, but some small willows grow along the banks of Moose 
 Jaw Creek. Soil, a heavy clay, three feet deep, with clay subsoil, 
 except along the bank's ol the creek, where there is a mixture oi 
 
Tlfwn$Mpi Wert of Second Initial MtiruiiuH - Uuhk' XXIV. 249 
 
 limoBtono and grey granite ; generally first class, with some thiru. 
 —IT. Karr, 1582. 
 
 1». Outlines — North— Sections 81, 82, 88 and 84 are broken by the 
 Qu'Appello River and its valley. Some maple, cherry and willow 
 brush along the banks. Section 81 is gravelly. The other three 
 eectiouh have a bhick soil ; class 1. Sections 86 and 86 are undu- 
 lating prairie. Soil, good sandy loam ; classes I and 2. "West — 
 rolling land ; Sections 6 and 7 are broken by ravines, which are 
 very rough and full of boulders. Soil, sandy and cluy ; very hard 
 and stony ; class 8. Sections 18, 19 and 30 are very hard and dry. 
 Soil, sand and clay, with boulders ; class 8. The river in Section 
 81 is 8 feet deep, in the south-west half ot this section is a 
 muskeg swamp. The eastern end of Buffalo Lake reaches here. 
 Along the east line the surface is undulating prairie. Soil, hard, dry- 
 clay. Section 1 and part of 86 are class 2 ; the remaining sections 
 are class a ; they are stony and gravelly. A lake, !• chains wide, 
 is situated in the south-east half of Section 30. This lake was the 
 only water crossed on this line. No wood. — W. Pearce, I8al. 
 
 Sub-division — The eastern portion is a rolling prairie of ex- 
 cellent land ; but the remainder is, in general, rocky, and along 
 the east side of Moose Jaw Creek, which courses the western tier 
 of sections, the banks aie about 200 feet high and very rocky. 
 There is no timber, but on both banks are willow and box alder 
 of a small size growing closely. The rocks are a mixture of lime- 
 stone and grey granite. The water is excellent. Several lakes 
 occur ; the two largest are 234 and 72 acres respectively in area. 
 Soil, from bare rock to fifty inches deep, with sandy loam sub- 
 soil ; first, second and fourth class. — H. Kerr, 18«2. 
 
 1*. Outlines — North — rolling prairie. Soil, gravelly, sandy and 
 Btony on ridges ; good sandy loam between ridges ; class 2 
 throughout. No wood or water. East — undulating prairie. 
 Soil, sandy and gravelly ; class 8. Section 13 is level. Soil, clay 
 loam ; claes 1. The Qa'Appelle Uiver flows east across the south- 
 east half of this section.— W. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 West — high, dry, open, rolling prairie, several grass marshes 
 and ponds were crossed. Soil, gravelly loam, clay subsoil ; classes 
 2 and 8. A dry shallow watercourse, with banks 15 feet high, 
 crosses the north-west quarter of Section 19. Section 6 is broken 
 by the Qu'Appelle River and its banks ; which are 176 leet high, 
 the water in this river is 5 feet deep with a slight current, the 
 banks in this section are wooded. An old cart trail crosses the 
 no'th-west quarter of this section. — vv. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling praiiie. The south part is traversed 
 from west to east by Qu'Appelle River, the current of which is 
 very swift ; it is from seven to eight feet deep, and from fifty to ■ 
 ninety leet wide, with a muddy bottom. The banks are from 
 two to three hundred feet high, and partly covered with bush, 
 
260 
 20. 
 
 21 
 
 V.irn^hips IVcu of Second l»ifial. Mf.ridion... Rnn^re XXIV 
 
 O^a/mes.-North and west-high, dry, open, rolling nrairie wifl. 
 a few grass meadows on the west. Soil, graveClirsToAron 
 ndges; classes 2 and 3. In Sections 86 and 36 ardry c^e^ 
 
 watn« .^^t'^'^A ^^ *"f ."^^ ^^^^^^ ^y *^« Little ArmRiW 
 water 18 inches deep, shghtlv saline; average width 4oS' 
 shght current; banks, 75 feet iigh.-W. T. Thompson, 1881 * 
 
 Jiast -undulating prairie. Soil, sandy loam, gravellv am? 
 stony ; class 3. Section 36 is broken by Arm Creek, ils banK 
 higa and steep, and a cart trail crosses Section ^L-W P^arll 
 
 Sub-division.~Uo\\mg prairie, with a number of smRlT 
 sloughs, m most of which very good hay is produced iHS 
 north part the land is hilly and^foken by^he Cks of the Litt 
 
 hiiiB. An island of wood, composed of ash, aspen, >«^low and 
 brush, occurs on the east boundary of Section 84 butTcoIta^s 
 no trees exceeding three inches in diameter. Some good pfeces of 
 
 either side. Soil three or four inches deep, with sandy subsoil- 
 chiefly second, with some first class.-J. W. D' Amours, 1882 ' 
 
 OutHnes.--^orth an 1 east-rolling country. Soil, light sandv 
 loam with a clay and gravel subsoil ; class 2 Seleral smS 
 
 "w^st-hi^Wrv ^"^' '^^T^ ^^^^-^- ^- ^'-- "«^ 
 meadow. ^.S' ^i T""' '^^'"'^ P^^^"«- Several grass 
 
 J-ittle Arm River crosses Section 7, having 18 inches of wnLr 
 which IS sa ine ; .he banks of this river le 76 feet ^r^^^ 
 extend into Section iS.-W. T. Thompson, 1881 ^ ' 
 
 A poor township generally. Little Ann Creek crosses the 
 soutli-west quarter, and is a clear fresh stream.-/. F Gardel 
 
 P,Nr.ff ■'^""'■'''''""'^P/'' P"*^^"®' ^^^ ^ery rolling. Little Arm 
 tdin Lake, wh ch it enters m the next township. Soil 8 or q 
 SX^islf ^^"' ^^ ^^^^^^ «^^^-l«' third%lS:la a 
 
 23. OM</m.s.-A poor township, except in the immediate vicinitv of 
 Long Lake, which is saline.-J. F. Garden, 1881. ^ 
 
 m^r.>wrt,.i ^ ' '^'■^' T"' ''^^^^''^ P"^^"^- Numerous small 
 marches and grass meadows were crossed. Soil, gravelly loam 
 with a sand and clay subsoil ; cla^s 2 ; Section 6 is class 8. ^ iX 
 gra^ meadow and watercourse crosses the north-east of SectiS 
 i.y. — w. 1. Ihovipsnn, 1881. 
 
 East--rolling country. Soil, light, sandy loam, with a clay 
 
 ...fif "^"f '"'''t '^i'^i'"^ P^^^"«- ^ lake of fresh water at the 
 no th-eas quarter of Section 16. Soil, from 7 to 9 inches d^p, 
 with sand or irravcl subsoil • s'^'^^ir^A iV,;,.^ „^j p.—i^i. .i ^» 
 
 a C DuBerger, 1882. ' ^ ' """" ""'" ^"""^ '^^^es.-- 
 
Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Ban^e XXIV. 261 
 2«, Outlines— klong the north the country is dry. open roUina. 
 
 pSmaneTt^lr ' T.""^ -^^^"^ °" *^^ ridges^' aX but S 
 fo Sin '• M^^^r'?'^ '' principally a first class clay loam 
 
 ^h^l^\r^ ""'ll ^-^ ^"^^ ^^^«' ^^«^« it becomes sandy. 
 The east line is partly in Long Lake The country is open and 
 undulating with scattered stones, the soil changing from a W 
 
 this ; ?f f.K "' ^^^^ adjo ning ,he lake. Some alkali beds in 
 this part of the country. No wood -J. F. Garden, 1882. 
 
 gooS~TBr:^^sZ^''^"''"^ ^"""' ^^'^ ^^"^ ^^^^ ^^ 
 
 if i« ^f-<^f^i'\on.--Rollmg prairie, except in the north part, where 
 It 18 very level. Four lakes occur in the township, two of which 
 contain salt, and the others fresh water. Soil'eight or nSe 
 mches deep, with a .and or gravel subsoil ; chiefly third ck^! 
 \v-ith some so id.— C. C. DuBerger, 1882. ^ *«», 
 
 24. OM//mes.- The north line passes over a gently-undulating coun- 
 try having a good sandy loam soil. Long or Last Mountain 
 L.aJie~lyinpr north and south— occupies one-third of the eastern 
 part ot the .ownship. The water is slightly saline. West- 
 open and shghtlyundulating prairie, with a good soil. East— 
 gently-undulating prairie, with a good sandy loam soil. TL^ 
 eastern halt ofthe township is submerged by Long Lake, which 
 18 Slightly salme.- E. Bray, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.-f^hQ eastern part of this township is broken up 
 by Long Lake. The western part consists of rolling praii ^ but 
 m the east near the lake, it is level. The soil is generally sand 
 and jTavel.—DM5erg-e»a«(^i^^ef, 1882. 
 
 25. 0«/^m«s.— North— open and rolling or undulating, the soil beinir 
 chiefly a good clay loam ; class 1. No wood. The east is opeu 
 and rolling with a gentle slope to the lake. The soil is a li-ht 
 loam on a clay subsoil, and rates stcond class. A few sloughs 
 occur.-/ F. Garden, 18X2. '^ 
 
 West -open and slightly undulating prairie, with a trood 
 soil. An arm of Last Mountain Lake branches westwards over 
 the north-west ofthe township, crossing this line in Section 3L— 
 -C( Bray, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— k large portion of this township is submerged 
 by Long or Last Mountain Lake, leaving about a tier of sections 
 on the east and about two tiers of sections on the west The 
 portion lying east of the lake is good land and may be classed 1 
 lor farming purposes. There is no limber of any description. 
 
 \^L ^o*®^ ^^^ '^® ^^® i^ slightly saline.- C'as^rram and Bazett, 
 looiJ— CO. 
 
 86. 0«Y/mes.— North and east— about half the area of this township 
 . 18 covered by a lake. Dry prairie land, with loam and clay soil ■ 
 
 class 1 on the east side of the lake — J. F. Garden- 1S.".2 ' 
 
 West-slightly undulating prairie, with a good' soil. No 
 
 wood.— jE;. Bray, 1881. 
 
28S Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXIV. 
 
 Sub-division. — The portion of the township lying east of Long 
 Lake, is very good land, having an alluvial soil from six to ten 
 inches in depth, with a good cliiy subsoil. The oarface is rolling 
 and slopes gradually to the edges of the lake. Water in Long 
 Lake is clear and good. No timber of any description, with the 
 exception of a little scrub Lere and there, along the edge of the 
 lake. — Fittonand Casgrain, 1882-83. 
 
 2*7. Outlines. — ^The north line leaves the west of the lake near an inlet, 
 which extends inland for about three-quarters of a mile, having 
 water deep enough to make a good boat harbor. The surface is 
 even, with a loam soil, and clay subsoil, and is class 1. A few 
 willow bushes on an island to the north end of Long Lake was 
 the only wood. "Water good. — /. F. Garden, 1882. 
 
 West— high, dry, open, level prairie ; a few grass meadows. 
 Soil, clay, loam, with clay and yellow clay subsoils ; classes I and 
 2. Dry watercourses to Long Lake cross Section 18, together with 
 a supposed inlet to the lake ; reedy, open water, 3 feet deep. A 
 grass meadow and watercourse, also a dry gully, cross Section 7. 
 Some of the sections are good farming land. — iV. T. Thompson, 
 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township is composed of gently-undulat- 
 in^; prairie, submerged on the east .by Long Lake. The soil is 
 clabo 1, being a light loam, with clay subsoil. The lake occupies 
 the greater part of the east half ; it contains water, which is 
 slightly alkaline. The creek running into the lake at the south 
 contains good water, There is a luxuriant growth of grass every- 
 where. No timber. This township is well suited for farming. — 
 M. J. Charbonneau, 1883. 
 
 38S. Outlines — North and west — high, dry, open, undulating prairie, 
 with a few scattered marshes and ponds. On the north the soil is 
 sandy loam, with a clay subsoil ; class 3. A large grass marsh, 
 "with 18 inches of water and banks 20 feet high, is situated in the 
 north-west half of Section 33. A dry bed of a ureek croises 
 Section 81. On the west the soil is a clay loam and clay sub&oil ; 
 class 1. Section 86, class 2. A dry, shallow watercourse gully 
 
 A cart trail to west from Touchwood 
 Good farming land. — W. T. Thompson, 
 
 crosses Sections 31 and 30. 
 Mission crosses Section 19. 
 188L 
 
 East— southward, and 
 
 in the vicinity of the west side of 
 Long Lake, the surface is undulating, with a wet, sandy soil, and 
 an alkaline clay subsoil, being third class in quality for the first 
 four miles ; thence to the end of the line, the soil is somewhat 
 heavier.— J. F. " rden, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. The north half of this township is low and 
 wet, and dotted here and there with alkali flats ; from there south 
 the soil is better, being a sandy loam, with clay subsoil. There is 
 a luxuriant growth of grass all over the township. Long Lake 
 intersects the south-east corner ; the water is slightly alkaline, but 
 drinkable, r^o timber. This township is very well adapted for 
 grazing purposes.— ilf. /. Charbonneau, 1883. 
 
so. 
 
 80. 
 
 81. 
 
 rownships West of Second Initial Meridian —Range XXIV. 258 
 
 .2of "^'•'l^®'*^^'^^; ^'5^' °P®»' undulating prairie, with some 
 grass marshes. Soil, clay loam, with clay and yellow clay sub- 
 soils ; classes 1 and 2. A large grass meadow is situated in Sec- 
 iions 7 and 18 ; another large grass meadow is located in Section 
 ' TiT^'l !■ ^?°^^^ °^ ^^*®'' ^^ places.- W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 Most ot the east line is open, level and undulating prairie 
 with a Jew sandy ridges ; ponds and marshes of fresh waterT Soil 
 a light loam ; classes 1 and 2.—/. Traynor, 1883. ' 
 
 Oumnes.-.-We8t—high, dry, open, rolling prairie. Grass marshes 
 and ponds wpre crossed. Soil, clay and gravelly loams; clav 
 subsoil, gravelly on the ridges ; classes 1 and 2. A dry hcd of 
 watercourse, with banks 25 to 30 feet high, crosses Sections 7, 18. 
 and 31- G-ood farming land — W, T. Thompson, 1 88 1. 
 Ihe southerly 2J miles of the east line is chiefly in a saline 
 depression and muskeg; classes 3 to 5. The next If miles are 
 gently-roUmg prairie. Soil, clay loam, gravelly subsoil; classes 
 1 ana A A lake, about 40 chains wide, and running in a north- 
 west and south-easterly direction, is here met and along the line 
 covers the greater part of Sections 26 and 86. On the Sorth-east 
 fooo lake the land is very stony and class 3.—/. Trapnor, 
 
 OM^/me?.— West— level prairie. Soil, 15 inches deep, on a claY 
 subsoil ; class 1. No wood or water. Good farmintr land.—/. C- 
 Desmeules, 1882. 
 
 East— going south, on the east line, the first half mile is gently- 
 undulating prairie, with occasional marshes; classes 1 and 2 
 Next three miles are level prairie, stony, with low, marshy land • 
 class 2. The remaining portion of this line is rolling prairie and 
 stony.—/. Traynor, 1883. 
 
 82. 0«^/mgs.— West- flat prairie. Soil, 10 to 16 inches deep on a 
 clay subsoil ; class 1. Section 1 is a little stony and cl:;6s 2. The 
 eastern end of Little Manitou Lake is situated in Sections 6 and 
 7. No wood. Good farming land.—/. C. Desmeules, 1882. 
 
 East— going south, the first 30 chains are in a large pond of 
 brackish water, and low land. The next three miles are composed of 
 large ponds and marshes with low ridges intervening ; classes 2^ 
 to 4. Remainder is gontly-undulating prairie, with occasional 
 marshes. First to second class.—/ Traynor, 1883. 
 
 88. Outlines.— Qoing north, on the west line, the first five mxies are 
 rolling prairie, with numerous grassy ponds, stony and gravelly 
 knolls. First 2J miles, poplar bluffs extend on the west of the 
 line. Soil, class 2. Next mile, rolling prairie, numerous ponds, 
 scattered stony ridges and knolls ; classes 2 and 3. Soil in the 
 valleys is generally good, but much broken, and, on the'ridges, 
 gravelly. The east is gently undulating prairie, with a few 
 grass ponds, marshes and small clumps of willovjrs ; soil first to 
 second class.—/ Traynor, 1883. 
 
 4. Outlines.— 'i^hQ west is rolling prairie, with numerous ponds, 
 scattered stony ridges and knolls ; second to third class. The 
 

 36. 
 
 36. 
 
 ^64 TYnfym/iips West oj Second Initial Meridian —Ran^e XXIV. 
 
 boil in the valleys is generally good, but much broken, and, on the 
 ridges, gravelly. Qoing north, on the east boundary, for the 
 lirst oj miles the country is gently-undulating prairie, with a few 
 grass ponds, marshes and small clumps of willows, l^st to 
 second class. Here a saline lake is met, extending from IJ to 2 
 miles in a southwesterly, and some miles in a north-easterly 
 direction. It is very irregular in shape.— 7. Traymr, 1883. 
 
 0«^/mes.— Going south, on the west line, the first two miles are 
 Icnolly prairie, with numerous ponds, grassy sloughs, and a few 
 scattered ridges. The remaining four miles are knolly prairie, 
 with gravelly and stony ridges, and grassy ponds and sloughs' 
 classes 2 to 2^. First four miles going south, on the east line, 
 are through poplar and willow brush, with trees, chieflv of small 
 growth, but, m a few places of 12 inches in diameter ;' there are 
 numerous willow swamps and a few prairie openings. The re- 
 maining two miles are rolling prairie, with numerqiis grassy 
 ponds, marshes and bluffs of poplar and willow; classes U to 2*. 
 1. Traynor, 18y3. 
 
 Outlines— ThQ west is knolly prairie, with numerous ponds, 
 grassy sloughs, and a few scattered ridges. Going south, on 
 the east boundary, the first two miles are knolly prairie, with 
 numerous bluffs of small poplar and willows, and ponds. Next 
 lour miles contain poplar and willow brush, with trees, chiefly of 
 small growth, but, in a few places, of 12 inches diameter. There 
 are numerous willow swamps, and a few small prairie openines.— 
 /. Traymr, 1883. ^ 
 
 37. Ow^Zmes.— West— knolly prairie, with scattered ridges, slightly 
 stony, and numerous deep grassy ponds and sloughs : classes 2 to 
 2J.— /. Tray nor. 1883. 
 
 East — broken, open, rolling prairie. Numerous small 
 marshes were crossed. Subsoils, sand, sandy clay, clay and 
 yellow clay ; class 2. The cart trail from Touchwood to Prince 
 Albert crosses Section 24. The telegraph line crosses Sections 24 
 and 25. The north trail, from Humbolt to Prince Albert, also 
 crosses Section 25.— .4. G. Talbot, 1888. 
 
 38. Outlines.—Gomg north, on the west line, the first four miles are 
 knolly prairie, with scattered ridges, slightly stony, and numerous 
 deep grassy ponds a..d sloughs ; classes 2 to 2J. The remaining 
 two miles are composed of willows and poplar. The timber 
 increases to th..> north. The last half mile is chiefly poplar woods, 
 with timber 8 inches diameter. Classes first and second.— J. 
 Tray nor, 1883. 
 
 East -rolling, broken and hilly prairie, partly covered with 
 poplar, from 3 to 12 inches in diameter. "Water was found in 
 some of the bluffs. Subsoils, gravel, clay, sandy clay, sand and 
 yellow clay ; class 2 throughout.—^. C. Talbot, 1883. 
 
 39. Ott^/t»«si.— "West— country is gently-rolling, and covered with 
 
 bluffs of DOnlar. balm nf Arilflnrl wrillnCTTH harral Kto T.v;fh » f'^rtr 
 
 small openings of prairie, and several large ponds. Soil, a black 
 loam, with clay loam subsoil ; classes 1 and 2.—/. Traynor, 1888. 
 
lattffe XXIV. 
 
 40 
 
 45 
 
 46. 
 
 4*9/1 
 
 Tranship, West of Second Initial Meridian—Range XnV. 266 
 
 East— the whole of Section 36^ is submerged bv s, Into tu 
 remaining sections are rolliuir prairie neaSv Jlf n!! Ji ^t 
 younff noDlar anfl willn^r Ki,,^ P^»i"«. nearly all covered with 
 ft f« IS ' u J willow bluffs ; average size 2 to 6 iuchps Sn,l 
 
 «.il; classes I l„d 2-i, Tr'^k ""its ' """^ "'"^ ="'"" ^"''- 
 and wmow"",im*Kf "''"■ """'■'^ "" """"^"^ w'"" Wiffs of poplar 
 
 itritsri,: Ta'^crrci rnd\td^sv\tr^^^ 
 
 ings are go„d (arming land; some sloughs A a^e lake ?s sto' 
 
 Outlines.— The soil is very sandy east of the Alkaline Tnta o«^ 
 the country rough and no^t eligik lor settlement The wo^Vare 
 dense, and no prairie patches whatever. None of the Smber I« 
 
 gXX'afkaS^e'Tb'f-^^rfT -^^^^ i^ abldtt'Thtgh 
 I J i/4 fsss '"^ '' ^""^^^ ''''^* ^°' drinking"- 
 
 Sub-diyision and Outlines—This township is ffenerallv wpII 
 wooded with fair-sized poplar, fit, in most cashes fo^rhone^ ll 
 and the greater portion is broken by high hills. Wood on the 
 ollowing sections is very plentiful Jnd farge, viz. : Tto 3 ; 10 to 
 i- ' uJ ^^ ' . ^•^' ^^ ^"^ the south hall ot 34. The portion of thp 
 in^WeXmrh'^ ^''' protected from fire, and is?a:y"? ates 
 m winter from the more open country to the west of Jack's Lake 
 and also from the southwards to Carrot River. AUhough the re: 
 mammg sections are nearly covered with timber, wfllow and 
 
 fs das/l th ^'"^ '' '^ ^''^ l"P^"°^ ^^^^^^y- ^« '^' SreZ pari 
 IS class 1 , the remaining portions are classes 2 and 3. Well 
 
 adapted for settlement.-i;. Pa/ncA% 1883. 
 
 2'd wmdw '^^tf "'^^r'-'T^^' '^^"'¥? ^«^«°^«^ ^^^^ poplar 
 ?^« Jo Vu ^® rP^^'^. '^ ^'''■8® ^^•^^S^ for fence rails. Sections 
 Ktained Tr> '''''T '? 7^i<^\building logs and fuel can 
 hm« in til • ^^^ ^e^iamder of township around the foot of the 
 
 norfVli^T^- '^ '' "^"''i ' ^^.^ '^ ^''^^*^^^ portion of the centre and 
 north-east, being covered with a very heavy growth of willow 
 and being wet is only fit for grazing purposes^ A great port^S 
 
 So^n'^'^'S \''''^'^^ ^ t^e^e is Sufficient fall fo Long lS or 
 ranona Creek.— ii. Patrick, 18ri8. ^ 
 
 ^^^divisiou and Guilines.-^hhi township is generally covered 
 with a very heavy growth of willows and a few dumps of p Jplar 
 and at present is only fit for grazing purposes. TherZ a splendid 
 
■ 
 
 266 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian— Bange XXIV. 
 
 quality of hay, showing that the land in many cases has only 
 been wet of late years. A great portion can be drained into Long 
 Lake or the Panona Creek, as the land slopes that way. Soil 
 ranges from sand loam to clay loam, with clay subsoil ; classes 
 1, 2 and B.—L. Patrick, 1888. 
 
 47. Outlines. — The vicinity of the east boundary is undulating prairie, 
 having many willow blufis, hay marshes and small ponds ; class 
 1 along th's and the west boundary — A. L. Russell, 1878. 
 
 Sub-division. — The only part of this township sub-divided is the 
 north-west portion, lying to the north-west of the south branch of 
 the Saskatchewan Kiver ; the remainder of the township is Indian 
 Eeserve. The surveyed portion has a soil of good sandy loam, 
 very well adapted to agricultural purposes, and through this 
 portion Beaver Creek empties itself into the Saskatchewan. 
 There is plenty of timber for fuel and fencing, and several squui,- 
 ters have already located themselves — J. L. Reid, 18*78. 
 
 Range XXIVil. 
 
 48. Sub-division. — This is a fractional township situate to the west of 
 and adjoining. Township 48, Range 28. If. is covered with a ver^ 
 heavy grow th of willow and scattered poplar as far as the river. 
 The land is of good quality, but is too wet for agricultural pur- 
 poses, as it is very flat, it is only suitable for grazing. To the 
 north of the river it is still wet, but it is covered with a heavy 
 growth of poplar and willow. The poplar attains a fair size, this 
 portion is fit for fuel and fence rails. Land north of river is of 
 poor quality, being generally sandy loam.— L. Patrick, 1888. 
 
 Range XKIY.— Continued. 
 
 Outlines. — The central portion of the east boundary is poor, 
 sandy, wet, and covered with poplar and brush ; clabs 4. — H. D. 
 Ellis, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division and Outlines. — Lies between the north and south 
 branches of the Saskatchewan River. Soil, is a good sandy loam. 
 This township may be called all bush, as it is timbered through- 
 out with poplar, willow and underbrush. The north branch of 
 the Saskatchewan flows through the northern tier of sections, 
 while the south branch traverses the south-east corner. There 
 were several sqUatters settled along the banks of the North Branch, 
 and the township generally, from its great facilities of water com- 
 munications, offers many inducements to the intending settler. 
 This township is only some seven miles from Prince Albert, one 
 of the most flourishing settlements of the North- West. — /. L. 
 Reid, 1878. 
 
 Sub-division and Outlines. — This township is generally covered 
 with a very heavy growth of poplar, willow, jack pine, spruce 
 and taraarac at the westerly portion. The timber, in many cases, 
 is adapted for house logs ; in some cases the black poplar and 
 
 spruce are i>.ot large ; the timber is good for fuel, house logs and 
 fence rails. The soil is of inferior quality and is unfit for agri- 
 cultural purposes ; it is of a red sandy nature. — L, Patrick, 1883. 
 
 48 
 
 4». 
 
TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 R^NQE XXV. 
 
 ». Oumnf -West— rolling and heavily rolling prairie. Numerous 
 marshes and ponds, all ccxntaining watei Alkaline ponds were 
 crossed m Sections 6 and 1. Soil, sand and gravel, with clay, 
 sand, gravel, and yellow sand subsoils ; classes 8 and 4 —A O 
 Wheeler, 1883. ^ •*• ^. ^. 
 
 East—the surface is hilly, and best adapted for grazing, as 
 the grass is good, and there is plenty of fresh water.— O. J. itlotz, 
 
 1881. 
 
 10. OMj//nes.— West-very hilly prairie land. A few small sloughs 
 and open ponds. Soil, sandy and gravel, with sand, clay and 
 griivel subsoils ; class 8 ; the north-west half of Section 6 is class 
 4, and the north-west half of 80 is rock. Section 81 is ereatlr 
 broken with hills, from 240 to 250 feet above the level of the 
 valley.— il, O. Wlieeler, 1883. 
 
 East— rough and hilly, and better suited for grazing than 
 agriculture. The soil and the grass is good, and water is in fair 
 supply.— a /. Klotz, 1881. 
 
 11. 0«^/mM -West-rolling prairie, hilly and uneven ; ridges from 
 26 to 100 feet high. A few ponds and marshes were crossed. 
 Hon, black clay, clay and sandy loams, with brown clay, white 
 clay and gravel subsoils ; class 3. A small creek flows east, 
 through Section 81.—^. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 East—hilly prairie, much broken by ravines, ridges and 
 lumps. Occasional small ponds of fresh water. Soil, clay and 
 sandy loam, with gravel and stone ; classes 2 and 3.—^. C, Webb 
 1881. * 
 
 12. £"«^'^«--We8t--very hilly prairie land ; the elevations rise 
 irom 10 to 60 feet. Soil, sandy and gravelly ; subsoil, white clay, 
 dark clay and gravel ; class 8. No wood or water.—^. O.Wheet^, 
 1888. 
 
 East-rolling and hilly prairie. Soil, Kjlay loam and sandy 
 
 learn, with gravel and stone in places ; classes 1 and 2. The 
 
 .northern slope of Dirt Hills, or Missouri Coteau, extends east and 
 
 west through Section 86. Dry beds of creeks in Sections 13 and 
 
 1. — A. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Oi*m»es.— The north boundary is an open, gently-rolling prairie. 
 Soil, ranging from sand loam to heavy clay, with a clay loam sub- 
 soil generally A few grassy ponds are scattered along it. A 
 small sluggish creek, in a shallow valley, crosses Section 35. 
 course north. Class 2. The first hree miles of the western 
 Dounaaiy, going nortii, lie on the eastern flank of rolling hills 
 rising to north and west. Soil, a fair clay loam, loose clay subsoil* 
 tops of hills and ridges being generally very stony and g- .velly In. 
 
 13. 
 
268 .Tnifjnxhips ^^'^U of Second Initial Meridian. — Range "SJLY 
 
 the next Oiree miles, the range of hills known as the Cactus Hills 
 occurs. They are about 425 feet above tho plains on the north side ^ 
 An exposure of soft, grey sandstone occurs in these hills, beinsr 
 iound on Section 19. The soil is generally a fair clay loam, clay 
 subsoil Tops of ridges are stony. A number of deep ravines 
 occur on the northerly side of these hills, containing considerable 
 quantities of good firewood, viz,, ash, maple and poplar, with 
 plenty of cherry and thorn bush .Class 3.— F. W. Wilkins, 1852 
 
 East— undulating and rolling prairie. Soil, clay loam, with 
 gravelly ridges ; classes 1 and 2. Dry bed of a creek crosses 
 Section 12. Fair farming land.— .(4. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— The township is level and rolling prairie ; clay 
 and sandy loam subsoils ; classes 1 and 2. Good 'and for farming 
 purposes. The west part is high and dry and more .-oiling. There 
 18 a small lake in Section 3. its water is good and fresh. There 
 are a few dry creeks. Also a coal deposit in the north-west 
 comer of Section 19, which is at the loot of Cactus Hills ; there 
 18 some wood also on this quarter section in the gully, which is 
 partly ash, cherry, maple and chokecherry, also a few poplar of 
 small dimension, good for fencing and fuel purpoBeB—Dumais and 
 Michaua, 1883. 
 
 14. 
 
 15. 
 
 ftfi/mes.— North— gently-rolling, open prairie. Soil, a strong clay 
 ot great depth, class 2. In Section 3o is a slow, muddy creek 
 flowing north-east West— gently-rolling, open prairie. Soil 
 generally a strong clay of great depth, class 2. Some cactus and 
 two or three sloughs.— F. W. Wilkins, 1882. 
 
 East— rolling prairie, with a heavy clay soil. A small creek, 
 flowing north-east, is crossed by this line near the southern limit 
 ol Section V2, but generally water is scarce, and there is no wood. 
 —■A C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— 0]pen prairie, level on the east, but rolling in 
 the western portion. No timber or bush whatever. There are 
 some scattered boulr'ers of limestone and grey granite upon the 
 surface in some purts. Soil, 10 or 12 inches deep, with sandy 
 clay subsoil ; first class.— i?. Kerr, 1882. 
 
 Outlines.— ^orih— is a gently - rolling open prairie. Soil, an 
 ^cellent clay, of great depth. A few small sloughs. Class 1. 
 West— 18 gently.-rollmg, open prairie, generally. The soil varies 
 Irom strong clay, on Section 6, to clay loam on Section t, and from 
 tiience sandy loam up to Section 31, where it is again strong clay. 
 The land rates class 2. The Moose Jaw Creek was crossed three 
 times m Section 31, and is here a fine stream of 20 feet wide, and 
 2| feet deep, running about 3 miles per hour, winding about in a 
 valley about 10 feet deep, and one-third of a mile wide ; course 
 westerly. There is a considerable quantity of wood in the valley, 
 ol the ash and maple species principally.— F. W. Wilkins, 1882. 
 
 East— undulating to level prairie. Soil, strong heavy clay ; 
 class 1. Moose Jaw Creek flows west through Section 24 ; it has 
 „.,„,.. ^„^. .^.^ ^aLi. a iiiixc pur iiour ; boitom soit aua muUdy, ana 
 was the only water crossed along the line. No wood. Good 
 farming land, suitable for grain.— TT. Pearce, 1881. 
 
Townships West of Second Initial Meridiw— Range XXV, 259 
 
 Sub-division^Open prairie, part rolling. Some ash timber 
 exists along the banks of Moose Jaw Creek, in size from 5 lo 20 
 inches m diameter. Scattered boulders of grey granite and lime- 
 ■tone appear upon the surface in some places. Soil of excellent 
 quality, 86 to 60 inches in depth, with clay subsoil ; first class.— 
 XI. Jierr, loo2. 
 
 1«. Outlines— JioHh— is very broken by ravines running into Moose 
 I Jaw Greek ; very full of boulders. Class 8. A cart trail ta 
 yu Appelle crosses the north-east portion of Section 84 East— 
 ^dulatmg prairie very hummocky. Soil, heavy clay ; class 1. 
 Good farming land, suitable for grain. No wood or water.— TT 
 Fearce, 1881. 
 
 *a^^^*~;P^*??'T**^^^"?' ®P®^ prairie, except in the north half 
 ot bection 81, which is in the valley of Moose Jaw Creek ; this 
 valley is very stony. Soil, a good clay ; class 1. The P.E 
 crosses m Section 80, and the Cypress trail in Section 81. Some 
 wood.--F. W. Wilkins, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.— Level and open praiiie. Soil, black loam, from 
 4 to iO inches deep, with a clay subsoil ; class 1, for farming pur- 
 poses. The O.P.E. crosses the township from Sections 26 to 30 • 
 there is a station, called Pasqua, in the north-east quarter of 
 section 27. No water in marshes in summer, but may be obtained 
 by digging a few feet. Many settlers are located in this township. 
 Soil m this vicmity is good.—Dumais and Michaud, 1888. 
 
 1 17. Outlines.— J^orth and west— is a beautiful rolling prairie, with 
 numerous sloughs and hay marshes. The soil varies from clay 
 loam to sandy loam, with clay subsoil, and rates class 1. Diained 
 by JWoose Jaw Creek, which flows in a north-easterly direction 
 
 ""•^xt-HS^^PP^^® ^^^^^' *^^' a* tl^e time of survey, had a 
 width of about 64 links, a depth of 2J feet, and a current of about 
 ^ nules per hour ; water good. Valley about 40 feet below the 
 prame. the south side of which is rather abrupt, and covered with 
 boulders, the north side being a gradual slope, with first-class 
 sou ; there is a light fringe of bush in places along the creek — 
 E. J. Rainboth, 1882. o ^ 
 
 East— Sections 1 and 12 are nearly level. Soil, hard clay 
 very dry ; the latter section is stony in the hollows, and a traif 
 crosses the south-east half The remaining four sections are verv 
 rough and full of boulders ; there is a little wood and scrub in the 
 ravines connecting with Moose Jaw Creek and valley, the banks 
 ol which are very hig:- and steep ; class B.—W. Pearce, 1881, 
 
 Sub-division.— Geutlj-ToUing prairie. Moose Jaw Creek tra- 
 verses Sections 6, 6, 4, 8, 2, 11 and 12, and forms large gullies. 
 like soil 18 loam from 6 to 15 inches, with a heavy clay subsoil 
 class 1 for farming ; except on the banks of the creek, where it is^ 
 gravelly and stony, and classes 8 and 4. No wood, except some 
 willows along the creek. The water in the township is all con- 
 tained m the creek, a small lake in Sectinns 22 anA oa o«/i a/v^^jv 
 marshes. Ihis township, owmg to the excellence of its soil, its 
 
 ^/-iii^^^y *** *^® ^•^•^- and the town of Moose Jaw, will soon be 
 17** 
 
260 
 
 Tmofufiips West of Second fnitial Meridian. — Ramge XXV. 
 
 completely settled. There are already a few settlers.— Z)«mai« 
 
 and Michaud, 1888. 
 
 18. Ou^/tnes.— North— undulating prairie ; hills, in Sections 88 and 
 84, range from 50 to 160 feet in height. Soil, 5 to 6 inches deep, 
 on white clay and sandy clay subsoup ; class 2. A large marsh 
 occupies about two-thirds of the central portion of Section 3 1. 
 Buffalo Lake submerges the north of Sectio i 86.— (?. C. Rainboth, 
 1882. 
 
 "West— is a beautiful rolling prairie, with numerous sloughs 
 and hay marshes ; the soil varying from clay loam to sandy loam, 
 with clay subsoil, and is rated class 1. Bulfalo Lake and the 
 Qu'Appelle Kiver were crossed on the north boundary of the town- 
 ship. Judging from appearances oi the valley, this lake must 
 vary greatly in size with the seasons. The valley at both ends of 
 the lake is very low, marshy, and a little saline, and is inhabited 
 by flocks of wild geese, pelicans and ducks. There is a iittk» 
 poplar, ash and soft maple about the lake, and in the ravines or 
 coulees, which are numerous, and extend back from the lake from 
 one to three miles. — E. J Rainboth, 1882. 
 
 East— rolling land. Sections 1, 12 and 26 are greatly broken 
 by ravines, caused by Moose Jaw Creek, and are rough and full of 
 boulders. Soil, sandy and clay, very hard and stony ; classes 2 
 and 3. Sections 13 and 24 are class 8. Qu'Appelle Eiver crosses 
 the north-easterly quarter of Section 86 ; course east ; water 8 
 feet deep. The south-east half of this section is a muskeg swamp 
 and hilly; class 2.— W. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Level, open prairie. Sections 88, 84, 86, 86, 26 
 and 26 are crossed by gullies, running to Buflfalo Lake. The soil 
 is dark loam, depth 6 to 15 inches, with a clay subsoil ; class 1, 
 for farming land. Buffalo Lake, which crosses Sections 84, 35 
 and 36, is very attractive for the settlers of this vicinity ; its water I 
 is clear and soft, with whitefish and pike in abundance. The only 
 wood obtainable is on the banks of the lake, where there is poplar, \ 
 ash and a few maples from 6 to 20 inches in diameter. Water 
 can also be obtained from marshes. The fertility of the soil, and 
 its proximity to the C.P.R. and to the flourishing town of Moose 
 Jaw, will offer a market for the supplies of farmers. — Dumais j 
 and Michaud, 1888. 
 
 1.9. Outlines. — North — rolling prairie. A few small marshes werei 
 crossed. Soil, 6 to 7 inches deep, on sand, sandy clay and grarally 
 subsoils ; class 2. No wood. West — rolling, broken, level and 
 undulating prairie. Soil, 6 to 7 inches deep, on sand and sandy 
 clay subsoils; class 2. Buffalo Lake crosses the township in a| 
 south-easterly direction from Sections 30 and 19. This lake and [ 
 its banks occupy about two-thirds of the above sections, the 
 remaining portions being rolling and broken. — G. C. Rainboth,\ 
 1882. 
 
 East— high, dry, open, rolliiig prairie. Several grass mar 
 and ponds were crossed. Soil, gravelly loam on a clay subsoil ; 
 classes 2 and 3. A dry, shallow watercourse crosses Section 2i. 
 
 V..- 
 
f, 
 
 Tbwnshipt West of Second Initial Meridian^ Range XXV. 261 
 Section 1 is broken bv Qn'Appelle River and Buffalo Lako wifch 
 
 sidorfhlt'^llf '*r:?°"^''?uP''**"^- .^^^*^° ^*^« o«°«Pie« '^'on- 
 are htlls 2R«f v^K ^^^^^^'^^ ^^u^'^^''' South-west of the lake 
 tZ u ? ^®<f^ ^'»^' covered with scattered clumps of poplar 
 e^st o? R^'ff '? %V^ ^^^^T ^!^ ^^'^"^"^^^ Soil, in the part Sorth' 
 rrslls^s-tc.%^r;t'l^^^^^ " ^'^ '"' ^^"^'""^^^ °' ^*' 
 ao. 0««/me,._North and east^high. dry, open, rolHnir prairie 
 Several grass meadows. Soil, gravelly.^light aAd s^nlf, Soa 
 38 IS stony. All the north is class S ; the east, ii and 8 The 
 
 T^lnrfl *'"^'•' ^r^ ^''°°' ^"'^ ^'^^ uorth-west. crosses through 
 the northern tier of sections -JT. T. Tkompson, 1881. 
 
 West— rolling and broken prairie Several small marshes 
 
 gravel ; classes 2 and 8.— (?. C. Rainhnth, 1882 
 
 Q .Jy'^''^i^i'i^'-r^o\\{n^ prairie, witli few swamps. Soil, 8 or 
 
 ciaLria'a ?i«Ce:lT88T' ^"^^^ ^'^'"^^^ ^^"^^^^^^ «--^ 
 
 ^** ?nf T«7t^?'*^ and west-open, rolling prairie ; the hollows in 
 
 north T^L^^\ ^r ^f} °^ ^^*"'"- ^^"^^ ^^"^ I^i v^'- crosses the 
 north line m Section 32. running south-east in a valley about 60 
 chains wide and 250 feet deep, wooded in places with small 
 poplar oak ash and willow. The river is about 30 chains wide 
 and 1 to 6 leet deep discharging a good stream of water, at this 
 time quite fresh and sweet. The land is fair, but much boulder- 
 strewn and gravelly; classes 2 and 4.~L. R. Ord, 1882 
 
 iLast— high, dry. open, rolling prairie. Several grass meadows. 
 Hon, gravelly loam and ston^, sandy subsoil ; class 3. Little Arm 
 River crosses Section 12 ; it is 19 inches deep ; water, saline • 
 course north-east. The banks of this river extend into 18 and a?e 
 70 leet high and in this vicinity there is a dry grass marsh and 
 meadow watercourse.— PT. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— -^WinS prairie, traversed by the Little Arm 
 Kiver, which runs through a valley about 150 feet deep. The 
 river is rather sat. Soil, 7 to 9 inches deep, with clay or gravel 
 subsoil ; second class.—C. C. DuBerger, 1882. J b «* 
 
 22 
 
 Outlines --North ^d west-open, rolling prairie. Soil improves 
 towards northern boundary, and averages class 2 No wood • 
 good water.— L. R. Ord, 1882. ^ ' 
 
 East— high, dry, open, rolling prairie. Numerous smaU 
 marshes and grass meadows were crossed. Soil, gravelly loam 
 with a sand and clay subsoil; class 2. Section 1 is class 8 A 
 dry grass meadow and watercourse, with banks 25 feet hish 
 crosses the north-east part of Section 24.- PT. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 iiUO-dtVt.ttnn. Is rrtllinrr on/1 KiTwlrav. w-^s-C^.V oi-^i •> •. 
 
 third class. Little Arm River flows through the south-west 
 corner. Poplar, from 4 to 8 inches in diameter, on both sides of 
 Little Arm River.— C C. DuBerger, 1882. .^^ 
 
 A 
 
H 
 
 262 T(nifmhipt Wett of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XX7. 
 
 318. Outlines. — North and west— open, rolling prairie. No wood ; 
 good water ; soil, clans I. Excellent land - L. R. Ord, 1882. 
 
 East — treeless and gently-undulating. Soil, excellent, — E. 
 Bray, 1881. 
 
 Sub-diviston. — The north-east portion of this township is 
 level prairie, remainder rolling. Soil, is generally second and 
 third class.— a C. DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 SM. Outlines. — North and east — slightly-andulating, open prairie, the 
 ■whole being high, dry land of a good quality of sandy loam. — E. 
 Bray. 1881. 
 
 West— open, rolling prairie. No wood ; good water. Soil, 
 class 1. Excellent land.— L. R. Ord, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, broken by an alkaline plain of 
 considerable area. Soil, is a black loam with clay subsoil ; class 
 1, except in the alkali flat, which extends fiom the north outline 
 of the township southwards through the centre for a distance of 
 over four miles, about three miles wide ; the soil in this plain is 
 class 4. The water in the sloughs is good and fresh. No timber. 
 This township is well adapted for farming purposes. -/. P. B. 
 Casgrain, 1888. 
 
 SW. Outlines. — North and west — is composed ol high, rolling prairie, 
 interspersed with numerous sloughs. From the west of Section 
 84, eastwards, the country is level, and admirably adapted to 
 farming purposes. Between Sections 86 and 86, an inlet, about 
 20 chains wide and 18 feet deep, runs from Long Lake, in a north- 
 w< .'terly direction, through this and the adjoining township. 
 The eoil in this township is a good sandy loam, varying from fi to 
 18 inches in depth, with clay subsoil. — H. C. Denny, 1882. 
 
 East — slightly-undulating and treeless prairie, with a good 
 soil. An arm of Long Lake crosses into the north-east corner of 
 the township. — E. Bray, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Is a prairie township, with soil of first-class 
 quality. There are a few sloughs containing good water. If 
 timber could be obtained within a reasonable distance, this town- 
 ship would offer great attractions to the settler. — H. L§Ber, 1882. 
 
 I 
 
 u 
 a 
 ii 
 C 
 
 2S. C 
 Ic 
 Si 
 
 XL 
 f€ 
 
 c) 
 w 
 li 
 
 26. OuUinea. — North — is prairie. Soil, red mould, black, sandy and 
 gravelly loams, with a gravelly subsoil ; classes 2 and 3. A 
 dry watercourse, 10 chains wide, crosses Section 86. No wood or 
 ■water.—/. Bignell, 1882. 
 
 West — is composed of high rolling prairie From the half 
 mile post in Section 7, to the post between Sections Y and 18, is 
 an alkaline plain, extending about a mile to the east, and one 
 and a half miles to the west. About a quarter of a mile south of 
 the post, at the north-west corner of the township, is a creek, 
 about 2 feet deep, running in a north-easterly direction. The soil 
 is sandy loam, varying from 6 to 12 inches in depth ; the land if< 
 •well adapted for grazing purposes. — H. C. Denny, 1882. 
 
 
 -ex- 
 
 .Vt^-lr 
 
 
 __ UK 
 
 T7 £.'-•- 
 
 
 
 soil is good. There is no wood. — E. ^ray, 1881. 
 
 
 TVi* 
 
 i 
 
 W 
 
 tl 
 
 v< 
 
 8C 
 
 fo 
 29. 
 
 ax 
 ri( 
 
>«•« XXV. 
 
 . No wood ; 
 rd, 1882. 
 excellent.— J5. 
 
 township is 
 7 second and 
 
 sn prairie, the 
 dy loam. — E, 
 
 water. Soil, 
 
 • 
 
 aline plain of 
 Bubsoil ; class 
 north outline 
 a distance of 
 1 this plain is 
 . No timber. 
 ses. -/. P. B. 
 
 oiling prairie, 
 est of Section 
 7 adapted to 
 m inlet, about 
 ke, in a north- 
 ag township, 
 'ing from (^ to 
 r, 1882. 
 with a good 
 east corner of 
 
 1 of first-class 
 od water. If 
 ce, this town- 
 
 L$Ber, 1882. 
 
 ck, sandy and 
 
 2 and 3. A 
 No wood or 
 
 ^rom the half 
 IS Y and 18, is 
 east, and one 
 mile south of 
 ip, is a creek, 
 ion. The soil 
 b ; the land if- 
 882. 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 TUonthip* We$t of Stcond Inittml Meridian.— Ran^e XXV. 268 
 
 Sub-division.— -Tiigh, rolling prairie, broken on the lonth-weat 
 by a gullv. The soil is sandy loam, and is class 1. The lake in the 
 north-east quarter of the township contains good water ; theiie is • 
 luxuriant growth of grass around its bordars. An inlet of Long 
 T>ake enters the south-east comer, its water is alkaline but drink- 
 ole. No \^ood in this township. "Well adapted for grazing 
 purposes.—/. P. B. Cangrain, 1888. 
 
 OM</tn«a.— North— hilly and broken prairie. iSoil, sandy loam ; 
 subsoil, sand and clay ; t,tony and gravelly ; class 8. No wood 
 or water. West— undulating and broken prairie. Soil, black 
 and sandy loam ; subsoil, sandy and gravelly ; class 2. A small 
 creek, 8 feet wide, 1 foot deep, croBses Section 81 ; it flows east. 
 A dry watercourse crosses Section 6.—/. Bignell, 1882. 
 
 High, dry, open, level prairie, with a few grass meadows. 
 Sou, clay loam, with clay and yellorw clay subsoils ; classes 1 and 
 2. Dry beds of watercourses to Long Lake cross Section 18. In 
 the north-east half of this section is a supposed inlet from Long 
 Lake— reedy, open water, 8- feet deep. A grass marsh and water- 
 course, also a dry creek gully, cross Section 12. Some of the sec- 
 tions are good farming land.— JT. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 SMi-rftrisso/*.- Gently-undulating prairie. The soil is a heavy 
 day loam, with clay subsoil ; class 1. On the northern boundary 
 of Section 86, a fjreeh- water bay of a lake enters slightly. No wood 
 in this township. Well adapted for farming purposes.— ilf. J. 
 Charbonneau, 1^88. 
 
 28. Outlines. — North— high^ dry, open prairie. Soil, clay and gravelly 
 loams, clay subsoil ; class I. A dry bed of a creek crosses Sections 
 35, 34 and the south-east half of 83. Several grass marshes were 
 met with. East — high, dry, open, undulating prairie, with a, 
 few scattered grass marshes. Soil, clay loam, and clay subsoil ; 
 class 1. Section 3b is class 2. A cart trail to west from Touch- 
 wood Mission crosses Sectibn 24. Good farming land on both. 
 linea. — W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 West— undulating prairie, stony in places. Soil, 8 to 24 
 inches deep, on a sandy loam subsoil; classes 2 and 8. The 
 north-west half of Section 30 is class 1. A creek, flowing south- 
 east, passes through Sections 19 and 30. Fair farming land in 
 places.— J. Bignell, 1BS2. 
 
 Sub-division — ^The whole of this township is high, rollingf 
 prairie, and slopes westward. The soil is a rich, sandy loam, 
 with sandy subsoil; class 1. A small fresh creek runs through 
 the west of the township ; its banks are about 100 feet high, and 
 very steep. The water in sloughs and in the lake situated in the 
 south-eatit is good. No timber. This to unship is fairly adapted 
 
 ; for farming. — M. J. Charbonneau, 1888. 
 
 a©. OK«mfl«.— West— rolling prairie, with sandy and gravelly ridges, 
 
 and small ponds of fresh water. Soil, clay loam, eicepting on the 
 
 ridges, where it is sandy and gravelly ; class 2. — J. Traynor, 1888. 
 
 Jiast — high, dry, open, undulating prairie, several grass 
 
 marshes scattered about. Soil, clay loam, with clay and yellow 
 
264 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.^Range XXV. 
 
 clay pubsoiis ; classes 1 and 2. A large grass meadow, with banks 
 from 16 to 20 feet high is situated in Sections 12 and 13. Another 
 large grass meadow, with 18 inches of water, in places, is situated 
 2n86.— TT. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 50. Outlives. — West — for the first three miles, going noith, the coun- 
 try is rolling prairie, with sandy and gravelly ridges, and small 
 ponds of fresh water. Soil, clay loam, excepting on the ridges 
 where it is sandy and gravelly ; class 2. Remaining three miles 
 are gently-rolling prairie, with numerous grassy ponds and small 
 patcheiS of willows. Soil, sandy loam ; class 2. — I. Traynor, 1883. 
 
 East — high, dry, open, rolling prairie ; grass marshes and 
 ponds are scattered about. Soil, clay and gravelly loam, clay 
 subsoil, gravelly on ridges ; classes 1 and 2. A dry bed of water- 
 course, with banks 26 to SO feet high, crosses Sections 12, 18, 24 
 and 36. Fair farming land —W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 51, Outlines. — West — rolling, flat prairie, Section 19 is swampy. 
 Numerous small marshes scattered about. Soil, 10 to 16 inches 
 deep, subsoil clay ; class 1. Section 19 is class 2. East— level 
 prairie. Soil, 15 inches deep, on a clay subsoil ; class 1. No 
 wood or water. Good farming land on both lines.— J. C. Des- 
 meules, 1882. 
 
 SSJ. Outlines. — West — level prairie. Small ' ' ':hes of wood were seen 
 in Sections 7 and 18, also numerous small marshes were met with. 
 Soil, .4 to 10 inches deep, on a clay subsoil ; class 1. East— flat 
 prairie. Soil, 10 to 16 inches deep, on a clay subsoil ; class 1. 
 Section 1 is a little stony; class 2. Little Maaitou Lake crosses 
 the township from Section 18 to 12 and 1. Good farming land on 
 both lines. No wood. — J. C. Desmeules, 1882. 
 
 83. Ovilines.— West— two-thirds of this line is rolling prairie, with 
 numerous ponds of fresh water, and small bluffs of willows ; classes 
 IJ to 2. The balance is knolly prairie, with numerous deep ponds 
 and grassy sloughs, and clumps of willows ; classeG 2 and 8. 
 Eabt— going north, the first five miles are rolling prairie, with 
 numerous grassy ponds, stony and gravelly knolls. or the first 
 half of this distance poplar bluffs extend on the west of the line. 
 Soil, class 2. The latt mile is classes 2 and 3. Soil, in the valleys, 
 is generally good, but much broken, and, on the ridges, gia' elJy. 
 — /. Traynor, 1883. 
 
 84. C«^/iwes.— West— first four miles consists of knolly prairie, with 
 numerous deep ponds and grassy sloughs, and clump;, cf willows; 
 classes 2 and 3. The next mile is rolling prairie, small ponds, 
 marshes and scattered knolls. Th<' south half of Section 31 is 
 covered with ponds and marshes Remainder is undulating 
 prairia, with knolls, ponds and marshes ; classec 1 J to 8. East 
 — rolling prairie, with numerous jionds, scattered stony ridges and 
 knolls ; second to third class. The soil in the valleys is generally 
 good, but much broken, and, on the ridges, gravelly.-/. Trapnor, 
 1»88. Ifc 
 
has. 
 
 so. 
 
 ay, 
 
 ss 
 
 lowMships Wea of Second Initial Meridian.-^ Range XXV. 265 
 
 Outlines.— WoBt— going south, first half mile has numerous grassy 
 Roughs aud large ponds, then it is low and marshy, with water, 
 liere a lake commences, extending a mile on the line and about 
 00 chams east, and from IJ to 2 miles west. The water is strongly 
 impr^nated with saline matter and unfit for use. Eemainder of 
 line from this point is rolling prairie, with grassy ponds and 
 sloughs; classes 1^ to 2. East- going south, first third is 
 inolJy prarne, with numerous ponds, grassy sloughs and a few 
 Bca,ttered ridges. The remainder is knolly prairie, with gravelly 
 and stony ridges, and grassy ponds and sloughs. The soil in th© 
 valleys is generally good, but on the knolls and ridges, gravelly ; 
 classes 2 to 2J.--/. Traynor, 1883. ^ 
 
 Outlines.— Y^^i and east— knolly prairie, with numerous grassy 
 sloughs and large ponds ; classes IJ to 2J.— /. Traynor, 188S! 
 OM^Ztwcs.— West and east— rolling prairie, with scattered stony 
 toiolls and ridges and grassy ponds ; classes 1 to 2A. The east is 
 wetter, and the class is 2 to 2^.-1. Traynor, 1883. 
 
 OM/jine*.— West— undulating prairie, with numerous grassy 
 ponds and sloughs. In the north half of Section 31 arc blufis of 
 poplar and willow brush. Classes 1 to 2^ East— the south 
 two-thirds 18 knolly prairie, with scattered ridges, slightly stony, 
 and numerous deep grass ponds and sloughs. Classes 2 to 2J. 
 Ihe balance is covered with willows and poplar. The timber 
 incroases to the north. The last half raile is chiefly poplar woods, 
 with timber 8 inches in diameter. Classes 1 and 2 — /. Traynor, 
 1883. 
 
 a». 0««tw€s.— The country along the west line is covered with large 
 bluffs of poplar and balm of gilead, the timber measuring up to 
 14 inches m dian^eter ; willow ai.d hazel brush, with occasional 
 prairie openings, and a few ponds of good water. Soil, a rich 
 clay loam ; class 1. The country along the east line is gently- 
 rolimg and covered with bluffs of poplar, balm of gilead, willows, 
 hazel, &C., with a few small openings of prairie and several large 
 ponds. Soil, a black loam, with clay loam subsoil ; classes 1 and 
 2.—/. Trayntyr, 1883. 
 
 40. Outlines.- -M.OBt of the west line is over rolling prairie, with 
 bluffs of small poplar, willows and brush. Soil, a rich black 
 loam ; class 1, Section 6 is hilly prairie, with bluffs of poplars 
 and willows, and scattered deep ponds ; class 2. The south 
 half of the east line is rolling prairie, with scattered small bluffs 
 of thick willows and young poplar. Soil, black loam ; class 1. 
 Section 24 is a hilly country, covered with popbr 14 inches in 
 diameter, thick willows, hazel and some small prairie openings ; 
 class 2. The northern portion is gently-rolling, and covered w'th 
 bluffs of poplar, balm of gilead, willows, hazel, &c., with a few 
 small openings of prairie, and several large ponds. Soil, black 
 loam, with clay loam subsoil ; classes J and 2.—/. Traynor, 1883. 
 
 41, Outlines.— klong the west line there are many bluffs of poplar, 
 the trees measuring 6 inches in diameter, willows and brush. 
 
42. 
 
 45. 
 
 ■ IS 
 
 266 Tirwnships West of Second Initial Meridian.- -Ran^e IXY, 
 
 with small openings of prairie intervening; a few ponds and 
 marshes. The soil is a rich black loam, from 12 to 18 inches 
 with a clay loam subsoil ; classes 1 to If Bast— gomg noi-th 
 four miles are over rolling prairie, brash and scrub, with bluffs 
 of poplar and tviiIow. Soil, clay loam, with clay subsoil ; class 
 1. In the next mile an alkaline lake, about 80 chains, is crossed 
 by the line extending some 80 chains west, and I to 2 miles east. 
 From this lake to the township comer the country is gently-roU- 
 ing, and covered with bluffs of poplar, willow prairie openings, 
 marshes and willow swamps ; classes 1 to 2J. — 1. Traynor, 1883.' 
 OM^Jmes.— West— many bluffs of poplar, vnllows and brash, with 
 small openings of prairie intervening ; a few ponds and marshes. 
 The soil IS a rich black loam from 12 to 18 inches, with a clay 
 loam subsoil; classes I to IJ. On Section 81, a lake is crossed 
 about J a mile wide and extending several miles in an easterly 
 and westerlv direction. The water is fresh and good and abound- 
 ing with fish. East— gently-rolling and covered with bluffs of 
 poplar, willow, prairie openings, marshes, and willow swamps ; 
 classes 1 to ^.— I. Tfaynor, 1888. 
 
 Ow^/tnes.- South-as far east as the Alkaline Lake the lands 
 
 fenerally fair in quality, although some of it is very good, 
 hroughout the country is much b oken by ponds and lakes, and 
 most of it is covered with poplar and scrub. South and east of 
 the lake the soil is more sandy, the country rough and not 
 eligible for settlement. East of the lake, the timber gets larger, 
 a^d the woods more dense, with no prairie patches whatever. 
 Water is abundant, though generallv ialkaline ; that in Alkaline 
 Lake is quite unfit for drinking.— (?' B. Abrey, \%\fZ. 
 
 Sub-division and Outlines.— ThiB township is generally 
 covered with thick willow and scattered poplar, sufficient for 
 fuel, and for a small amount of fencing. The land is class 1 in 
 all sections excepting those in the south-west comer, where the 
 land IS marshy, and only fit for hay. The country slopes north 
 and south from the centre of the township.— Z. Patrick, 1888. 
 46^. Sub-division and Outlines. — Is generally covered with heavy 
 willow and undergrowth, and a few clumps of poplar. The land 
 is of fair quality, and is, on the average, ahead of many of the 
 settled parts of Prince Albert District, although there are some 
 slou,«Ths. Surveyed also the boundaries. The western two-th rds 
 of the north half of the township is reserved for Indiai x L. 
 Patrick, 1883. 
 
 46. Outlines. — East— undulating and level prairie, with a preat man} 
 bluffs of poplar and willow, also numerous pond^ and haj 
 meadows. Class 1. The Saskatchewan River CT*jaB>- .; >rougL 
 Section 26 ; it submerges nearly two-thirds of this serU .^ .— ^t 6. 
 Russell, 1M78. 
 
 Sub-division and Outlines.— This township is situate -i^rth 
 and west of the south branch of the Saskatchewan. The land is 
 Very good throughout. A kind of basin or trough extendi e,Hfit 
 
 
 VT-ixr i JJ, 
 
 ; XZl V7.LUUI± t,lZ.X: iSUiXi. 
 
 UlU&wIZ 
 
 4.1. 
 
!«•« XXV. 
 
 V ponds and 
 » 18 inches, 
 going noiih, 
 with blufifs 
 ubsoil ; class 
 ns, is crossed 
 2 miles east. 
 8 gently-roU- 
 rie openings, 
 Vaynor, 1888. 
 
 1 brash, with 
 and nxarshes. 
 with a clay 
 :e is crossed 
 L an easterly 
 and abound- 
 vith bluffs of 
 >w swamps; 
 
 te the lands 
 1 very good, 
 id lakes, and 
 I and east of 
 igh and not 
 
 srets larger, 
 38 whatever. 
 
 in Alkaline 
 
 .6 generally 
 sufficient for 
 is class 1 in 
 , where the 
 slopes north 
 •ick, 1888. 
 
 with heavy 
 T. The land 
 ' many of the 
 3re are some 
 n two-th rds 
 Indiar V L. 
 
 Tbwn$hipt West of Second Inittaf Meridian- 
 
 ■ Range XXY. 
 
 26T 
 
 swamps, meadows and small ponds, and, to a considerable -^xteat, 
 covered with small timber. The water in the ponds is alkaline. 
 The nver lots are, for the most part, taken up by actual settlers. 
 On the south bank of the river is an Indian Keserve.— D. Sittclair, 
 1878. 
 
 ^r. OM«t'««s.—Noi'th— undulating and hilly prairie, with numerous 
 - <ds and scattered poplar bluffs. A well-beaten cart trail crosses 
 u; north-west part of Section 33 and also 86. A large pond and 
 hay marsh m Section 85. Class 1 throughout. West— rolling, 
 open, broken and hilly prairie, with numerous small marshes and 
 bluffs of poplar scattered about. Beaver Creek flows west through 
 a marsh in the south-west part ot Section 30. A well-worn cart 
 trail also crosses the above section. Class 1 throuffhout.— 4. L 
 Russell, 1878. ^ 
 
 ^ Sub-division and Outlines— .SitnAted within 12 miles c Prince 
 Albert Settlement. The soil is good ; there is plenty of \ ood for 
 fencing and iuel, and hay in abundance. On the whole the 
 
 . ..' township IS well adapted for settlement.— 7. L. Reid^ 1878. 
 
 48. OM«mes.— "West — this line extends northwards for 8| miles, 
 where it reaches the North Saskatchewan Rivp^ . The country is 
 undulating and broken by willow and poplai bluffs, and a great 
 many ponds and hay marshes. A well-beaten road to the Indian 
 Reserve crosses Sections 18 and 19. Classes 1 and 2.-4. L Rus- 
 sell, 1878. 
 
 _ Sub-division and Outlines.— This township, fronting on tha 
 North Saskatchewan, is well adapted for settlement. The soil 
 good ; plenty of wood for fencing and fuel, and timber for 
 building within six miles, on the north bank of the river. Kifeaxkj 
 aU the land fronting on the river is under occupation.— J" £. 
 Reid, 1878. ^ 
 
 49. Sub-division and Outlines.— Uolimg country. The soil is a very- 
 light, sandy loam ; class 3. Wood in this township suitable for 
 fuel, rails and house logs.— J. L. Reid, ^883. 
 
 1 preat manj 
 (id and hay 
 brougJ: 
 
 m:.\ 
 
 tuat^ *i^r(h. 
 The land is 
 eztendd east 
 
 I I 
 
 Wi 
 
# 
 
 il 
 
 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Eanoe XXVI. 
 
 3>. Outlines. — West and east — ^heavily-rolling prairie ; the slopes 
 average from 16 to 30 feet in height. Numerous small marshes. 
 In the west the soil is sandy loam, with white and dark clay, 
 also gravel, subsoils ; classes 2 and 3 Alkaline ponds are situated 
 in Sections 6, 31, 1 and 12. In the east the soil is poorer, being 
 sand and gravel, with clay, sand, gravel and yellow sand sub- 
 soils ; classes 8 and 4. A cart trail from Willowbunch to Regina 
 crosses Section 12.— A. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 JO. Outlines. — West and east — very hilly prairie ; a few small slou^^hs 
 and open ponds. Soil, sandy and gravel, with sand, clay and 
 gravel subsoils ; class 3. The north-east half of Section 1 is class 
 4. Section 86 is greatly broken with hills, about 250 feet above 
 the level of the valley ; Section 26 is rocky, 31 is class 2. — A. O. 
 Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 HI. Outlines. — West — very hilly prairie land, with marshes and ponds 
 scattered about, and slopes from 80 to *J0 feet high. Soil, clay and 
 sandy loams ; subsoil, light and dark clays ; classes 2 and 8. A 
 lar^e alkaline pond in Section 19. East — rolling prairie, hilly 
 and uneven ; ridges 25 to 100 feet high. A few ponds and marshes. 
 Soil, black clay, clay and sandy loams, with brown clay, white 
 clay and gravel subsoils ; class 3. A small creek crosses Section 
 S6.~A. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 Outlines. — North — hilly and broken praiiie; soil, sandy and clay 
 loams. Some gravelly and stony ridges ai\d ravines. Occasional 
 ponds and marshes. No wood — A. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 West and east—rolling and hilly prairie land. Several large 
 ponds and marshes ; alkaline ponds in Sections 7 and 18. The 
 ridges range from 20 to 40 feet high Soil, clay loam, sandy and 
 gravelly ; subsoil, white and dark clays, also some gravel ; class 
 8. A cart trail crosses from Section 30 to 7. — A. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 Outlines.— The north lies along the northern slope of the Scratch* 
 ing and Cactus Hills, and is stony and sometimes gravelly on 
 i ops of ridges and hills; this last feature prevails along all the 
 boundaries. Soil, a clay loam ; clay subsoil ; class 3. The west 
 lies entirely in rolling hills, some of considerable altitude. 
 Kumerous ponds and marshes. Soil, a good clay loam ; clay sub- 
 soil, but land rates class 3. The first three miles going north 
 on the eastern boundary lie on the eastern flank of rolling ^' iis. 
 rising to north and west. Soil, a fair clay loam ; loose clay suIj- 
 soil. The next three miles ascend and cross ner.r the north-east 
 end of the range of hills known as Cactus Hills. The elevation 
 of these hills where crossed is about 425 feet above the plains on 
 the north side. There are a number of deep ravines on the 
 northerly side of those hills, containing considerable quantities of 
 
 JSL 
 
IAN. 
 
 he slopes 
 . marshes, 
 lark clay, 
 e situated 
 rer, being 
 land sub- 
 to Begina 
 
 11 slout^hs 
 clay and 
 1 is class 
 
 eet above 
 2.— A. O. 
 
 ind ponds 
 1, clay and 
 tnd 8. A 
 
 drie, hilly 
 [ marsheL 
 ay, -white 
 IS Section 
 
 r and clay 
 )cca6ional 
 
 eral large 
 18. The 
 andy and 
 [Tel ; class 
 eler, 1883. 
 
 ? Scratch* 
 
 *avelly on 
 
 ig all the 
 
 The west 
 
 altitude. 
 
 clay sub- 
 
 ing north 
 
 ling ^ iis. 
 
 clay stib 
 
 north-east 
 
 elevation 
 
 plains on 
 
 3B ou the 
 
 antities of 
 
 14. 
 
 15. 
 
 TowHshipt West of Second Inftial Meridian.— Range XXVI. 269- 
 
 good firewood, viz., maple, ash and poplar, with plenty of cherry 
 and thorn bush. Class 8.—F. W. Wilkins, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division — Very broken and hilly. Soil composed of 
 sandy loam, with a clay subsoil ; class 3. Cactus Hills through- 
 out are gravelly and stony on top. There is a large lake on the 
 south boundary covering parts of Sections 4 and 6. There is a. 
 coal deposit on the north-west quarter of Section 1, and a little 
 wood on the hill between Sections 1 and 2, composed of ash, 
 cherry, poplar and willow, good for fuel only. Good for pasture. 
 Some good farming land in north-west corner.— Dawats and 
 Miohaud, 1883. 
 
 0«^/twes— -North— on all the boundaries the surface is an open, 
 gently-roliing prairie, with a few small sloughs. Soil, clay loam, 
 on tho west half of the north, and heavy clay on the east ; all 
 class 1. On the west — quite a number of sloughs were found, 
 and in Section 1 8 is a lake of perhaps 160 acres area, A few stones 
 and a little gravel in places. Soil, generally clay loam, on a clay 
 subsoil The land rates class 1. C^n the east the 3oil is gener- 
 ally a strong clay of great depth ; class 2. Some cactus and a 
 few sloughs.— i?. W. Wilkins, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — ^This township as a whole Is all level and 
 gently-rolling prairie. The soil is sandy loam, and is excellent 
 wheat land ; classes 1 and 2. No timber in this township, but 
 fuel may be obtained in the Scratching Hills, at the foot of which 
 there is a deposit of coal, which, if worked, would increase the 
 value of this township. Although surface water is scarce, it may 
 be obtained by digging a few feet.—Dumais and Michaud, 1883. 
 Outlines. — Rolling prairie on all boundaries. On the north there 
 are a few cherry bushes and small poplars in places, and the soil 
 varies from almost pure aand to a light sandy loam ; class 3. On 
 the west the soil ranges from clay loam in the south to sandy 
 loam, and almost pure sand at the extreme north. There are a 
 few sloughs. The land averages class 2. On the east the soil 
 varies from strong clay on Section 1 to clay loam, Section 12, and 
 to sand loam up to Section 86, Section 86 being again strong clay ; 
 class 2. Moose Jaw Creek is crossed three times in Section 36, 
 and is here a fine stream of 20 feet wide and 2^ feet deep, running 
 about h miles an hour, winding about in a valley about 'TO feet 
 deep and one-third of a mile wide, course westerly, A consider- 
 able quantity of wood in the valley, of the ash and maple species 
 principally.— i^. W, Wilkins, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling, open prairie. Soil, sandy loam, with 
 a clay loam and sandy bubsoil ; class 2, It is excellent wheat 
 land. No timber, except on the north of Sections 35 and 86, on 
 the banks of Moose Jaw Creek ; there is also a little fuel and 
 fencing wood at the Scratching Hills about 15 or 20 miles distant. 
 Water in several places, but can be got an^ where by digging. 
 There arc some improvements in this township ; it will soon^be 
 settled. The proximity of the Canadian Pacific Railway and the 
 t(iwn of Moose Jaw, will offer a good market. — Durnais and 
 Michaud, 1883. 
 
 I 
 
■ 
 
 SflO lownships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXVI. 
 
 16 Outlines. — North — is tindnlating prairie ; the sides of hills are 
 rough and full of bonldets. Soil is a hard dry olay ; cIms 8. 
 Moose Jaw Creek flows east through Sections 36 and 86. The 
 Moose Jaw and Thunder Creeks unite in Section 83, and flow 
 north-east. Another small creek, course north-east, crosses the 
 line three times in the north-west portion of Section 88. — W. 
 Pearce, 188!. 
 
 "West and east— open, gently-rolling prairie. Thunder Creek, 
 a small stream, with a rapid current, crosses the line in Section 81. 
 On the west the soil is a good clay loam, except on Section 6, 
 where it is almost pure sand ; the land rates class 1. On the 
 east the north half of Section 36 is in the valley of Thunder Creek 
 (or, more properly speaking, the Moose Jaw Creek). This valley 
 is very stony. Soil, a good clay ; class 1. The Canadian Pacific 
 Kailway line crosses the township, and the Cypress trail lies in 
 the same direction as the railway. — F. W. Wilkins, 1882. 
 
 Subdivision. — Level and gently-rolling prairie. The soil is 
 loam, of about 6 inches deep, with a clay loam subsoil ; class 1, 
 and good farming land. The Canadian Pacific Railway crosses 
 this township tiom Sections 86 to 31 ; the town of Moose Jaw is 
 situated on Se<fioiis 32 and 33, and is prosperous and flourishing. 
 The Canadian Pacific Railway Co has here erected a dining hafl, 
 workshops and round house. This township is well watered by 
 Moose Jaw Creek, which runs north-westerly from Sections 1 to 
 27, and north-easterly from Sections 2t to 3 6. Fuel and fencing 
 wood can be obtained on the banks of the crrek. This township, 
 owing to the fertility of its soil, the Canadian Pacific Railway, 
 and a good market, should be very attractive to settlers — Dutnait 
 and Michaud, 1883. 
 
 17. Outlines. — Is a beautiful rolling prairie, with numerous sloughc 
 and hay marshes ; the soil varying from clay loam to sandy loam, 
 with clay subsoil, and is rated class 1. Drained on the south by 
 Moose Jaw Creek which has a depth of 2J feet, with a current of 
 about two miles per hour; water good, running in a depression 
 of about 40 feet below the prairie. The south side of the valley 
 is rattier abrupt and covered with boulders, the north side has a 
 gradual slope, with soil class 1. There is a light fringe of bush 
 in places along the creek. — E. J. Rainboth, 18»2 
 
 Sub-division. — Level, open prairie, except the south-east part 
 from Section 12 to Section 5, which is rolling and undulating. 
 The soil is composed of dark loam, averaging in depth from 2 to 6 
 inches, with a clay subsoil and is clasb 1 larming land. Water 
 in marshes. No wood whatever. The nearest timber is on the 
 banks of Bufi"alo Lake, 10 or 15 miles distant. This township is 
 well located, and its position, close to the town of Moose Jaw and 
 the Ceinadian Pacific Railway, and a good market, should make it 
 very valuable for settlement.— Dawiofs and Michaud, 1883. 
 
 18. Outlines. — On all the boundaries the surface is a beautiful rolling 
 prairie, with numerous sloughs and hay marshes, the soil varying 
 from clay loam to sandy loam, with a clay subsoil, and is rated 
 class i. — ii. J. Ruinbulk, 1882. 
 
Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXVI. 2T1 
 
 1». 
 
 Sub-division.— Level, open prairie. The soil is composed of 
 loam, averaging from 6 to 16 inches deep; class 1 for farming 
 land. No wood ; the nearest is on the banks of Bufi'alo Lake, 6 or 
 10 miles distant. There is v^ater in marshes, and can be obtained 
 anyv^rhere by digging. Many squatters have located in this 
 township. — Dumais and Miehaud, 1888. 
 
 0»4<W«ea.— West— level prairie ; a few small marshes were found 
 scattered about. Subsoil, clay ; class 1 throughout. Q-ood farm- 
 ing land, well adapted ior wheat-growing.— i;. J. Rainboth, 1882. 
 
 East— rolling and broken, level and undulating prairie. Soil, 
 6 to 7 inches deep, on sand and clay subsoils ; class 2. Buffalo 
 Lake is situated in the south-east half of Section 26 and the north- 
 east half of Section 24, this lake and valley occupy about two- 
 thirds of these sections, the remaining portions being rolling and 
 broken. A coul6e crosses Section 12.— G. C. Rainboth, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Is level prairie, with soil generally first class. 
 The north-east portion is broken by Buffalo Lake, which is 
 surrounded by hills about 200 feet high, on which are scattered 
 islands of poplar and ash timber, measuring from 3 to 12 inches in 
 diameter. Altogether the township is well fitted for settlement.— 
 C. C. DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 20. Outlines.— The north is high, dry, open, rolling prairie. A grass 
 meadow was crossed in Section 36. Soil, gravelly and clay loams ; 
 subsoil, clay. Sections 82 and 33 are stony and sandy ; classes 2 
 and 3. A dry, shallow watercourse crosses the line twice in 
 Section 81. Fair farming land.— il. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 West — level and rolling prairie. A few small marshes were 
 crossed. Soil, 7 to 8 inches deep ; subsoils, loam, sandy and sandy 
 clay ; classes 1 and 3. Buffalo Lake occupies over two-thirds of 
 Section 80, the valley of this lake is 280 feet below the prairie 
 level. A small coul6e crosses the south-west half of Section 81. — 
 Rainboth Bros., 1882. 
 
 East— rolling and broken prairie. Several small marshes were 
 met with. Soil, 5 to 7 inches deep ; subsoil, sand and gravel ; 
 classes 2 and B.—G. C. Rainboth, 1882. 
 
 Sub division. — This township is of a very similar character to 
 Township 19, with the exception that the soil is not of quite so 
 good a quality, being mostly class 2. The south-west portion is 
 broken by Buffalo Lake.— C. C. DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 21. Outlines. — All the boundaries were surveyed over open, rolling 
 prairie ; no wood. Soil, fair, but gravelly, with boulder-strewm 
 patches; average class 2. The Qu'Appelle and Saskatchewan 
 trail crosses south part of township ; the Little Arm Kiver curves 
 through the north boundary.— i. JR. Ord, 1882. 
 
 The southern part which is in the sandy and gravelly belt 
 between the Arm and Qu'Appelle Kivers, is not very good for 
 agriculture. Buflalo Pound Hill is quite prominent and com- 
 mands an extensive view. No wood. — W. F. King. 1881. 
 
 Sub- division.— The soil in this township is of indifferent 
 
 
 a„— 1 1-1 XT- - 
 
 i'Wi 
 
2t2 7lwnships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXVI. 
 
 water in which is fresh and good. No timber of any kind. — 
 C C. DuBerger, 1 882. 
 
 Hfi. Outlines. — On all the outlines the country is open, rolling prairie. 
 Wood in Little Arm Valley, which crosses township from north- 
 west to south-east corners. Soil, class 2 on south side of valley, 
 and class 1 to the north of it.— L. R. Ord, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Is rolling and undulating prairie. Soil, classes 
 2 and 8. The southern part is much broken by the valley of 
 Little Arm River. Water in the river is slightly alkaline, but 
 there is a lake of good fresh water in Section 6. Some small 
 patches of poplar in river valley. — C C. DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 38. Outlines. — Is open, rolling prairie on the boundaries. No wood; 
 plenty of water. Soil, class l.—L. R. Ord, 188i!. 
 
 Sub-division. — Is generally undulating prjiirie. Soil, alluvial, 
 with sand, clay and gravel subsoils. Few swamps were met with 
 and no timber.— C. G. DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 24. Outlines. — North — open prairie, having an undulating surface, 
 with long slopes, all high and dry land, with a good soil. — 
 B. Bray, 1881. 
 
 West and east — open, rolling prairie. No wood ; plenty of 
 water. Soil, class l.—L. R. Ord, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Is of a precisely similar character to Township 
 23.— C. C. DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 25. Outlines — From the post at the south-west corner of this township 
 to the post between Sections 19 and 30, the country is undulating 
 and interspersed with numerous sloughs. The .north half of the 
 township consists of high-rolling prairie, much interspersed with 
 sloughs. The soil is^sandy loam, averaging 12 inches in depth. — 
 H. C Denny, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — As a rule contains excellent farming land. 
 The only drawback is want of timber for fuel, building, &c. The 
 water in the sloughs is generally fresh and good. Land is 
 generally class one.— I?. LeBer, 1882. 
 
 26. Outlines. — North — hilly and broken prairie. Soil, sandy loam and 
 gravel ; subsoil, sand and clay ; class 8. Stony in places. No 
 wood or water. — J. Bignell, 1882. 
 
 The west and east is composed of high-rolling prairie, inter- 
 spersed with numerous sloughs. The soil is light sandy loam, 
 about 6 inches in depth ; subsoil, sandy. The ridges are strewn 
 with gravel. The township is best adapted for grazing purposes. 
 —H. C. Denny, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — High-rolling prairie, and dotted with numerous 
 sloughs. Soil, sandy loam, with sand subsoil, and rates class 2, 
 except in the alkaline flat, situated in the south-east comer of the 
 township, where it is class 4. The water in the sloughs is good 
 and fresh. No timber. Best adapted for grazing. — /. P. B. 
 Casgrain, 1883. 
 
 2T. Outlines. — All the boundaries are over undulating prairie ; stony 
 and gravelly in places, and without wood. On tiic uorth the soii 
 is brown vegetable mould and sandy loam ; subsoil, sandy and 
 
T\mnikips West of Second Initial MeridiM.— Range IXVI. 27S 
 
 ^avelly ; class 8. A large pond is in Section 82. On the west 
 the soil is loam and sandy loam ; subsoil, gravelly ; class 8. A few 
 small marshes. On the oast the soil is black and sandy loams ; 
 subsoil, sandy and gravelly ; class 2. A small creek, three feet 
 wide, one foot deep, crosses Section 86, and flows oast. A dry 
 watercourse crosses Section 1.—/. Bignell, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.— T\xe west half is undulating prairie, with 
 numerous marshes. The east half is much broken by hills and 
 ravines. The soil is a sandy loam, with a sandy subsoil ; classes 
 
 1 and 2. The water in marshes is good and fresh. A luxuriant 
 growth of grass around the sloughs. No timber. This township 
 IS best adapted for grazing.— i»f. /. Charbonneau, 1888. 
 
 as. Outlines.—^oxth—high, dry, open, rolling and hilly prairie. A 
 great many grass marshes. Soil, gravelly and clay loams, clay 
 subsoil ; classes 2 and 8. Little Devil Lake is situated in Section 
 86, Its water is clear and slightly saline ; shore stony on cast side ; 
 the banks are steep, narrow, wooded and about 100 feet hiirh — 
 W. T. Thompson, 1881. ** ' 
 
 West— very hilly and rolling prairie, broken by large ponds 
 and a great many small marshes. Soil, vegetable mould and 
 black loam ; subsoil, gravelly and sandy, stony in places ; class 2. 
 Good farming land. East— undulating prairie ; some parts are 
 stony. Soil, 8 to 24 inches deep, on a sandy loam subsoil ; classes 
 
 2 and 3 ; the north-east half of Section 25 being clasp 1. Devil 
 Lake is situated in Section 86. A creek, flowing south-east, passes 
 through Sections 24, 25 and 26. Fair farming land.—/. Bignett, 
 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.^Righ, rolling prairie, very much broken by 
 coulees and hills. The soil is a sandy loam, with sandy subsoQ ; 
 classes 1 and 2. The north-west corner of the township is dotted 
 with sloughs ; water fresh. The ridges and bottoms of the coul6es 
 are stony and gravelly. There is a small patch of wood in a 
 coulee in the north-east corner of township, consisting of elm, 
 maple and poplar Well adapted for farming purposes.— M. J". 
 Charbonneau, 1883. 
 
 29. OM/W»es.— West— broken or hilly prairie, with numerous deep 
 ponds or basins. Soil, on hills, chiefly sand and gravel, but in 
 the valleys of fair quality ; classes 2 and 8. East— rolling 
 prairie, with sandy and gravelly ridges, and small ponds of fresh 
 water. Soil, clay loam, excepting on the ridges, where it is sandy 
 and gravelly ; class 2.—/. Traynor. 1888. 
 
 SO, Outlines.-~On the west Section ? is broken and hilly. Ponds or 
 deep basiiis. Soil on hills, chi / sand and gravel, in the valleys ' 
 of fair quality ; classes 2 and 3. Remaining five miles are rolling 
 ptuirio, with stony and gravelly knolls ; class 2. East— for the 
 first three miles, going north, the country is rolling prairie, with 
 sandv and gravelly ridges, and small ponds of fresh water, Soil, 
 clay loam, excepting on the ridges where it is sandy and gravelly. 
 Class 2. Remaining three miles are gently-rolling prairie, with 
 numerous grassy ponds and small patches of willows. Soil, 
 sandy loam ; class 2.— I. Traynor, 1883. 
 
 il ! 
 
274 Twnthipx Weft of Second IniHal Meridian.— Ranf XXYI. 
 
 SI. Outlines. — West and east — rolling, flat, dry prairie. Section 24 is 
 swampy and class 2. Numerous small marshes were crossed. 
 Soil, 10 to 16 inches deep, subsoil, clay; class 1. Good farming 
 land.—/. C. Desmeules, 1882. 
 
 SSS. Outlines. — Level prairie. Small patches of wood were seen in 
 
 - Sections 12 and 18. Numerous small marshes were crossed. Soil, 
 
 4 to 10 inches deep, on a clay subsoil ; class 1. Little Manitou 
 
 Lake crosses the township from Section 18. Good farming land. 
 
 — J. C. DesmeuleSy 1882. 
 
 •8- Outlines. — West — going north, the first three miles are broken with 
 numerous knolls and deep ponds. Soil, gravelly on the ridges 
 and knolls, and of fair quality in the vsQleys ; classes 2 to 8. 
 Kemaining portion is rolling prairie, with some small knolls, 
 ridges, ponds and marshes. Soil, clay loam ; cloRses I and 2. 
 Bast — the first four miles are rolling prairie ; numerous ponds of 
 fresh water, and small bluffs of willows ; classes I J to 2. The 
 other two miles are knolly prairie, with numerous deep ponds 
 and grassy sloughs, together with clumps of willows ; classes 2 
 and 8.— i. Traynor, 1888. 
 
 84, Outlines. — West — rolling prairie, with some small knolls, ridges, 
 ponds and marshes. Soil, clay loam ; classes 1 and 2. No wood, 
 except small bluffs of willows and poplar around the edges of 
 some of the marshes. East — first four miles, Sections 1 to 18, 
 are knolly prairie, with numerous deep ponds, grassy sloughs and 
 clumps of willow ; classes 2 and 8. The next mile is rolling 
 prairie, f siiall ponds, marshes and scattered knolls. South half of 
 of Section 36 is covered with ponds and marshes. Hemainder is 
 undulating prairie, with knolls, ponds and marshes ; classes \\io 
 8.— I Traynor, 1883. 
 
 85. Outlines. — West— is composed of knolly prairie, with large grassy 
 ponds and sloughs ; classes 2 to 2^. East — going south, first 
 mi)f> is knolly prairie, with numerous grassy sloughs and large 
 ponds ; classes IJ to 2J. Here a lake commences, extending a 
 mile on the line, and about 60 chains east, and from IJ to 2 miles 
 west. The water is strongly impregnated with saline matter, and 
 unfit for use. Eemainder of line from this point is rolling prairie, 
 with grassy ponds and sloughs; classes IJ to 2. — /. Traynor, 
 1888. 
 
 36, Outlines. — West — is composed of knolly prairie, with large grassy 
 ponds and sloughs ; classes 2 to 2 J. East — ^knolly prairie, with 
 numerous grassy sloughs and large ponds ; classes 1 J to 2^. — /. 
 Traynor, la83. 
 
 87. Outlines. — West — rolling, undulating and very stony prairie. A 
 few small bluffs of poplar, willow and scrub ; average size, 6 to 7 
 inches in diameter. A great many marshes and ponds were 
 cross* d. Soil, 8 to 6 inches deep, on a clay and gravel subsoil ; 
 classes 2 and 3. A cart trail crosses the north-west half of Sec- 
 tion 19.— C. A. Biggar, 1882. 
 
 East — rolling prairie, with scattered stony ridges and knolls, 
 
 nn fl orrftagTT DOUds * classeS 1 tO 2-^- J, Trfl-infiT 188^ 
 
99 
 
 89 
 
 O. 
 
 41 
 
 42. 
 
 Tbwnships Wett o/ Second Initial Meridian— Rang§ XXYl, 21& 
 
 ?"in!l!J''~^r*""r'y,^^"j^''''^^^ ^^"»»ff< stonvprairio, with bluffs 
 pi poplar and scrub; also, numerous small marshes. Soil 4 to ft 
 inches deep on a clay gravel and stony subsoils ; classes I 2 and 
 «. A lake occupies a large portion of Hectiou 6. A saU lake hu^. 
 merges part of Section 81. A cart trail and the telegraph Hne 
 ^ross the south-west half of Section 80.-C. A. sUarim. 
 
 Eattt-undulating prairie, with numerous grassy ponds and 
 Bloughs In (henortl half of Section 86, bluffs of popla? ^d 
 willow brush are met with; classes 1 to 4.--lTrZnor%S 
 Ou//*«<,s -West-going south, as far as the Saline Lake, which is 
 met in Section 19 and left in 7, the country is undu atiui and 
 rolling, covered with poplar, willow bluffs, prairie openifff 2d 
 deepp^uds. ?Joil,good; classed from 1st L 2nd. The fakers 
 nearly two miles wide.s. ,ral miles in length, and verv irrefful ? 
 
 WutTf /olYrt'^[," ^^^ ^^'^^ is roliing^iirie'S 3 ed 
 bluffs of poplar and willow ; classed U to 2. Eust-countrv is 
 covered with large bluffs of poplar and balm of gH^ad, thTd nber 
 measuring up to 14 inches diameter, willow !nd hazel brush 
 
 ^n^TrfTT^ F'^'"' 7^''^«' ^"^ ^ *"«w ponds of good water! 
 Soil, a rich clay loam ; class 1.— i. Trapnor,lHH3. 
 
 w?1]ow''w,]Sr*~~''°^"^^""? *^^ "°"^"^' ^^'^'«^«d with poplar 
 
 dassed 1 to 2 P^^^"l,°P^^l^g« ^^^J^l^ Ponds. Soil, good '; 
 
 ciassea l to J. East-going south, the first 4i milea are 
 
 111 "a^r Kl' rt ^^"^ °^ '"^^^^ P'^Pl^^' billow! aTbrush 
 Soil, a rich black loam; class 1. The remaining portion of the 
 line 18 m hilly prairie, with bluffs of poplar and willows .1 
 scattered deep ponds ; class 2.-7. Trapnor, 1883. "^ "°'^'' " ^ 
 Oif^/mes— West-rolling and undulating prairie with a ^reat 
 many small ponds and marshes, thickly covered with poplar. 8 to 
 10 inches in diameter ; also, clumps of" small willow SoH 8 to 
 6 inches m depth, with a sand and gravel subsoil ; class 2. A 
 large lake is situated in Sections 18 and 19 —H LeBer 1«83 
 
 liast— composed chiefly of bluffs of poplar the timber 
 measuring 6 inches in diameter, willows and brush, with small 
 openings of prairie intervening. A few ponds and marshes. The 
 soil 18 a nch. black loam, from 12 to 18 inches, with a clay loam 
 subsoil ; classes 1 to IJ.— /. Traynor, 1883. ^ 
 
 0«J««es.-\\rest-rolling to level prairie. A few small marshes 
 and ponds. Soil. 6 to 12 inches deep, on a clay and sand subsoil ; 
 rinfr?! r!\^' \ «'^f- ^^^i^^' ^ith . marsh valley, crosses th; 
 Snw!^ ^"""Vr ""i Section 6. A fresh water lake, 'and a stream 
 flov^^ing north-east into this lake, are situated in Section 18. A 
 
 J?^ L L'^'?^' .? ^""S '^'^^' ^2 >^^«« ^««P' ^it^ * «low current 
 and muddy bottom, flows west through Section 31. Good farming 
 iaua. — J. A. Ktrk, 1882. * 
 
 East-composed chiefly of blufls of poplar, the timber 
 measuring 6 inches m diameter, willows and brush, with small 
 openings of prairie intervening. A few ponds and marshes The 
 soil is a rich, black loam, from 12 to 18 inches, with a clay loam 
 vJUbsoil ; classes 1 to li. On Sec+ioTi .^ft « iot« ;. .„„j"^-u-_.l 
 
IMAGE EVALUATrON 
 TEST TARGET (MT-3) 
 
 
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 US 
 
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 L25 II 1.4 
 
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 22 
 
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 Photographic 
 
 Sdences 
 Corporation 
 
 23 WEST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 
 
 (716) 872-4503 
 
 
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mm 
 
 276 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XXVT. 
 
 half a mile wide, and extending several miles in an easterly and 
 westerly direction. The water is good and fresh, and abounding 
 in fish— I. Trayrtor, 1888. 
 
 45il. Outline. — South — land is generally of fair quality, although 
 some is very good. Throughout it is much broken by ponds and 
 lakes, and most of it covered with poplar and scrub. There is but 
 little prairie.— G. B. Abrep, 1888. 
 
 East — much thickly grown willow and some poplar. The 
 land is class 1, except in the south-east corner, where ia is 
 marshy, and only suitable for grazing. — L Patrick, 1888. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling and undulating prairie. Soil, sandy 
 and black loam, with sandy loam subsoil ; cIeuss 1 throughout. 
 Good farming land. The greatei part cannot be settled without 
 draining. Good water ; and timber enough to supply the needs 
 of a good settlement. — JET. LeBer, 1888. 
 
 45. Sub-division and Outlines. — Is a fractional township, situated on 
 the north-west bank of the Saskatchewan ; it is all thickly covered 
 with bush. The whole size of the township does not comprise an 
 area of more than five sections. The land is generally Very good, 
 but the greater portion of it would require to be drained and 
 cleared of the thick undergrowth with which it is covered, before 
 it could be brought under cultivation. There is good water, and 
 timber enough for all the needs of the settler. — 3. Sinclair, 18t8. 
 
 4MiA. Sub-division. — This township is unfit for settlement, on account 
 of it being covered by aa immense quantity of sloughs and ponds 
 of difierent dimensions. Close to the banks of the Saskatchewan 
 River, traversing it, there are a few portions suited for settlement, 
 but very difficult of access. Draining is possible, but would be of 
 great cost. Soil is of very good quality, consistin'^ of an alluvial 
 soil of six inches, on a black sand subsoil ; classes 2 and 8. — H. 
 LeBer, 1883. 
 
 -*•. Sub-division and Outlines. — The land in this township is very good 
 throughout. A kind of basin or trough extends east and west 
 through the centre, in which the land is broken by swamps, 
 meadows and small ponds, and is covered, to some extent, with 
 small timber. The ponds are alkaline. — D. Sinclair, 1878. 
 
 47. Outlines. — North — open, rolling and undulating prairie, with 
 scattered bluffs of poplar and willow, also numerous ponds con- 
 taining water, and many marshes. A well-beaten cart trail crosses 
 Sections 82, 83 and 86. A gully, ten chains wide, was crossed in 
 Section 84. Glasses 1 and 2. East — rolling, open, hilly and 
 broken prairie, with a few scattered bluffs, also numerous small 
 ponds. Beaver Creek flows west through a marsh in the south- 
 east portion of Section 26. A well-worn cart trail crosses this 
 creek in the above section by means of a bridge. Class 1 through- | 
 out. — A. L. Russell, 1878. 
 
 Sub-division and Outlines. — ^The close proximity of this town- 
 ship to a grist mill and stores, and the good quality of its soil, 
 lender it a very desirable locality for the settler. The soil is a 
 
Range XXVI. I 'Kwnshipt West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXVI. 
 
 48. 
 
 49 
 
 m 
 
 good sandy loam. There is sufficient timber for fencing and fn«l 
 
 Outl^nes,~lS.i^Bi—iYiiB line extends northwards for 8* mila- ^\. ' 
 It reaches the North Saskatchewan River Th^counw1^S^ 
 latmg and broken by willow and r.nnl«r tiinff j ^ undu- 
 
 o«*-c?tuiston.— Sections I to 6 and fractions of "7 fn 18 o«^ i 
 24 are partially cultivated, and the remainder of £^^^^^ 
 m many places with poplar of a fair sil fif «! / • ^*'J®* 
 
 Sub-division and OuUines. -General features rolling Soil li^ht 
 sandy loam over-laying sand; class 3. TMckly woSed with 
 spruce, poplar and willow; some very eood hmi«« In^. u 
 
 found, but the timber is mostly iooISlfo^anvthfLKff?*^-^^ 
 and firewood.-/. L, Reid, 1888 anything but fencing 
 
 1«J** 
 
,1 
 
 lO 
 
 11, 
 
 la. 
 
 18. 
 
 f 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range XXVII. 
 
 . Outlines.— The fruits of the settlers' work here show the soil to be 
 rich, giving an enormous yield of grain and vegetables. There 
 is a fair supply of wood, of various kinds, in Muddy Creek 
 valley also some lignite.—/. McLatchie, 1881. 
 
 . 0«^W«es.— West— rolling and hilly prairie. Two small marshe^ 
 in Section 1 contained the onl-^ water found. Soil, sandy loam 
 subsoil, dark and light clays ; class 3 ; the north-west half o 
 Section 6 is class 2. East— very high-rolling prairie land, the 
 slopes ranging from 16 to 80 feet high. Numerous small marshes 
 scattered about. Soil, sand loam, with white and dark clay, also 
 gravel subsoils ; classes 2 and 3. A large alkaline pond in Sec- 
 tion 12. Fair faming land.— il. O. Wheeler, 1888. 
 
 . 0«i/enes.— West— rolling and heavily rolling prairie. The slopes 
 ranging m height from 10 to 40 feet. Soil, sandy loam ; subsoil, light 
 and dark clay, some gravel in places. No surface water. East 
 —very hilly prairie land, hills range from 50 to 260 feet high 
 Several small marshes. ^ Soil, sandy loam ; subsoils, light wid 
 r'^r ci^ys, also sandy and gravelly; class 8. The north-east 
 half of Section 86 is class 2— A. O. Wheeler, 188", 
 
 0«<Ztnes.—Wo8t— uneven and heavily-rolling prairie, the ridffes 
 range from 16 to 80 feet high. Soil, sandy and peat loams; 
 subsoil, black and white clays, with some gravel; class 8. The 
 north-west half of Section 19 is class 2. Lake of the Rivers is 
 wtuated in Sections 6 and 7, its banks are from 80 to 40 feet high 
 Water alkaline. No wood ; fresh water scarce. East— hilly 
 ?A*?"L r V^®I«^^1 Po»i«ls and marshes. The hills range from 
 80 to 70 feet high. Soil, clay and sandy loams, subsoil, light and 
 dark clays ; classes 2 and 8. A large alkaline pond in Section 
 24.— A. O. Wheeler, 1888. 
 
 OM«/tnes.--West— hilly prairie. Soil, clay and sandy loams, with 
 g^vel and stones on ridges ; classes 1 and 2. A large pond in 
 the north-west of Section 31, this was the only water seen. G-ood 
 agricultural land.— i!. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 East— rolling and hilly prairie land. Several large ponds 
 and marshes were crossed. The elevations range from 20 to 40 
 feet m height. Soil, clay loam, sandy and gravelly, subsoil, 
 white and dark clays, also some gravel ; class 8. A chain of alka- 
 line ponds is situated in the south-east of Section 13, also two 
 larger ones m Section 12. A cart trail crosses Sections 12 and 1. 
 A. O. Wheeler, 1888. 
 
 Otti/tn««.-Se3tions 31 to 33 are rolling hills, decreasing in eleva- 
 tion to the east, with numerous ponds. Tops of hills, stony and 
 gravelly in general. Class 3. Sections 34 to 36 lie along the 
 north Hanks of rolling hills, with some ponds, and a little stony 
 
 I 
 
Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.-^.nan^ XXVII. 2l9 
 
 \fjh-^ i '*?"' ^ t'"" <^Hloam. Class 2. • The east boundanr 
 lies entirely in rolling hills, some of considerable altitude witj 
 ^raveTr H^' ^^^^^^^rshes ; tops of hills generally stony^nd 
 1f?/Attl882 ^^ ^^^ ' claysubsofl. Class 3. -k W. 
 
 w..*J^®^®^*i'^ T^ ^''"y P'^^"®' occasional swamps with fresh 
 
 daiy ^^'^f- """"a -'^T ^^ "^»««- ^^°il' '^^y ««d sand loS ; 
 class 2 Section 6 is classes 1 and 2.-il. C. TTeftA, 18al 
 
 Dart Tt !r"''"-~^^'y undulating, especially the south-west 
 part. It le, as a general rule, unfit for agriculture. Several 
 swamps were seen, water in them soft and fTesh ; the land ™ 
 Z^Z^A *^' '"^'^Pl '' ^"^'^ ^°^ P^«t^^«- No wood whaTev^ 
 
 14. 0«//me5 -The north boundary is in rolling hills, across Section 
 31 The escarpment of the Coteau is in Section 82; balance of 
 tnis line IS m hilly prairie ; numerous sloughs all along, and tops 
 of hills always stony Soil, a light clay loam ; clay subf oilTcC 
 Lno. nf ^^-"i ^°^,^^^^y IS entirely in rolling hills, some of them 
 twpl ST'^ ^^^^ elevation, with numerous ponds lying be- 
 tween. Soil, m genera , pretty gravelly and stony, improving 
 greatly toward the north. The iJnd rates class 4. The ealt if 
 
 SL?' . o ^^ P""^'"®-, ,Q''^*® * number of sloughs occur, and in 
 Section 13 there is a lake of 150 acres area. A ffw stones ^d^ 
 little gravel occur in places. Soil, generally a clay loam, with 
 
 tl Ra^'f W'^?^^A- l^' ^^^ Mountain trail crosses ik^e^ 
 tion 86.— i*. W. Wilkins, 1882. 
 
 Sub-dimsion.-The western portion of this township is unfit 
 lor agricultural purposes. The remaining portion offers some 
 advantages ; it is slightly undulating, with a^eat manyTwam™ 
 
 ever-al' ii^ ^'''''' ^^'*'''® ^^''^' ^"^ ^^'^^^^ ^^**- 
 
 0««mes.-The north is gentlyrolling, open prairie, with a few 
 amall ponds. Soil, generally, a gravelly loam, from Sections SI t^ 
 fntViT fi ?'^ ^^ ^""m ^^ ^'® ^^"'^^'^ P^^« «a^d. On the west, 
 Iml 1-fl '*'''' °''^^^' ^^'''^ "°'*^' *^« line passes over rolling 
 hills, with numerous sloughs. Tops of hills stony. Sections 80 
 ana 81 are on the escarpment of the Missouri Coteau. Soil a fine 
 clay loam, approaching a sandy loam. The land rates class 8. 
 i„fv,^f '^ A^^"^ prairie. Soil, ranging from clay loam, on the 
 south, to sand loam and almost pure sand, at the extreme north ; 
 averages class 2. A fe\\ sloughs —F. W. Wilkins, 18»2 
 
 Sub-dimsion.~1\iQ south-west partof this township, fromSec- 
 tions 3 to SO and 31, IS very broken by the rolling hills of the Grand 
 t;oteau. The soil m this part is sandy loam, stony and gravelly 
 ontopsof hills. There are numerous hay swamps and ponds, 
 inis part of the township is well adapted for cattle raising. The 
 remainder is gently-rolling prairie. Soil, sandy loam, and class 1 
 farming land No timber, the nearest being in the vicinity of 
 the Scratching Hills, from 10 to 15 miles distant. "Water plenti- 
 
 15. 
 
■^^ 
 
 
 
 '- 1' 
 
 380 7ot9fMAt>s West of Second Initial MiHdian,~Range XXVII. 
 
 fill. There is* a smeni lake in Sections SB and 28, in which th& 
 water is clear and fresh. Some good hay marshes. As a general 
 rule, this township is adapted for stock raising, and also for agri- 
 cultural purposes. — Dumais and Michaud, 1888. 
 
 IB. Outlines. — North — undulating surface, gradually sloping to south 
 and west, to Thunder Creek. Soil, very hard and dry clay ; class 
 8. A slight growth uf grass. Sections 81 and 82 are in the 
 valley of Thunder Creek. Soil, fair ; classes 2 and 3. Two cart 
 trails, the G.P.B., and a small creek, flowing north-eaAt, cross 
 Section 81.— TT. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 "West— open, gently-undulating prairie, with a few marshes 
 at the south. For the first four miles, going north, the soil is a 
 gravelly loam, on a gravelly suhsoil. and the land rates class 8. 
 The remaining two miles rate class 1, the soil being a strong clay 
 of great depth. East — is an open, gently-rolling prairie. 
 
 Thunder Creek was crossed in Section 36. This is a very small 
 stream, with quite a swift current. The Cypress trail crosses 
 Section 25, and the C.P.B. Section 36. Soil, in Section 1, almost 
 pure sand ; balance, a good clay soil, class 1. Some wood in this 
 township.— F. W. Wilkins, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — ^This township as a whole is rolling, open 
 prairie, although some sections are very level. The soil is com- 
 posed of loam, with clay loam subsoil ; class 1 for farming pur- 
 poses. The south part of this township is sandy loam and 
 gravelly ; class 2. No timber. Thunder Creek, which crosses it 
 nom Section 32 to 36, ftirnisLes good fresh water. The C P.R^ 
 crosses the township from Sections 81 to 25. Many settlers located. 
 — Dumais and Michaud, 1883. 
 
 IT. Outlines. — Generally on the outlines the country is a beautifal 
 rolling prairie, with numerous sloughs and hay marshes ; the soil 
 varying from clay loam to sandy loam, with clay subsoil, and is 
 rated class 1. Thunder Creek and the C.P.R. cross the south-west 
 corner. 1 his creek had a width of about 56 feet, and a depth of 
 3 feet, with a sluggish current ; water good, and flowing through 
 a flat or valley of about IJ miles in width, with a gradual slope, 
 and about 60 feet below the prairie level, there being no wood 
 whatever along this creek.^ — E. J. Rainboih, 1882, 
 
 Sub-division. — Level and gently-rolling prairie. The soil is 
 dark loam, averaging in depth from 6 to 12 inches, with a clay 
 loam subsoil ; class 1 farming land. No wood. There are some 
 hay marshes, with bad water. Good water can be obtained by 
 digging. This township, owing to the good quality of its soil, 
 and its close proximity to the C.P.R., makes it very attractive to 
 the settler. — Dumais and Michaud, 1883. 
 
 18. Outlines. — As appeared from the boundaries, is a fine rolling 
 prairie, with numerous sloughs and hay marshes ; the soil varies 
 from clay loam to sandy loam, with a clay subsoil, and is rated ] 
 class L—E. J. Rainboth, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Level, open prairie. Soil, composed of loamj 
 of about 6 inches in depth, with a clay and clay loam subsoil ; 
 
19 
 
 30. 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXYII 281 
 
 class 1, for farming land. The only water seen was a hay marsh 
 between Sections 1 and 2. No timber. Many settlers have 
 located in this township. — Dutnais and Michaud, 1888. 
 
 Outlines. — Is rolling prairie, with sloughs and hay marshes ; the 
 oil varies from a clay loam to sandy loam, with a clay subsoil, 
 and is rated class 1. The east is very level prairie, with a fiew 
 small marshes, and class 1 throughout. Good farming, well 
 adapted for wheat growing— JB. J. Rainboth, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division, — -Level and undulating prairie, with only 
 occasional swamps. Soil, from 8 to 10 inches deep, with a clay 
 Bubsoil ; first class.— C. C. DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 Outlines. — North — high, dry, open and rolling prairie. Soil» 
 sandy loam, and clay subsoil ; classes 2, 3 and 4. The Qu'Appelle 
 Iliver, with high, steep and stony banks, crosses Sections 84 and 
 86. The banks range from 150 to 176 feet in height ; they also 
 extend into Sections 86 and 82. A large wooded ravine is situated 
 in Section 33. A deep ravine passes through Section 81. This 
 section is burnt and stony. Two thirds of the line on the east 
 half of Section 86 is a dry grass marsh, extending about two 
 miles south-east to Buffalo Lake ; the remaining portion of this 
 section is level and dry.— PT. T Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Is a beautiful rohmg prairie, with numerous sloughs and hay 
 marshes. The soil vanes from a clay loam to a sandy loam, with 
 a clay subsoil, and rates class 1. Buffalo Lake and Qu'Appelle 
 Eiver cross the north-east part. From the appearance of the 
 valley, this lake must vary greatly in size with the seasons, 
 according as they are wet or dry, as the valley at both ends of the 
 lake is very low and marshy, and almost level with the water, 
 which is saline, and was covered with flocks of wild geese, peli- 
 cans and ducks. There is a little wood about t^ lake, mostly 
 poplar, ash and soft maple, but fit for fuel only, and scattered in 
 dumps in the ravines or coulees, which are numerous and extend 
 back from the lake from 1 to 8 miles — E. J. Rainboth, 1882. 
 
 The southern part of tho east line is level and rolling prairie ; 
 a few small marshes. Soil, 7 to 8 inches deep ; subsoil, loam, 
 sandy and sandy clay ; classes 1 and 2 Buffalo Lake occupies 
 over two-thirds of Section 26. The valley of this lake is 230 feet 
 below the prairie level. A small coulee crosses the south-east 
 balf of Section S6.— Rainboth Bros , lh82. 
 
 Sub-division. — Is generally second class, with an alluvial soil 
 from 6 to 8 inches deep, on a subsoil of clay and in some places of 
 sand and gravel. The north-east corner of the township is broken 
 by the valley of the Qu'Appelle River, in which, and in other 
 small valleys running out of it, poplar and ash trees occur. There 
 are some lew small swamps or sloughs. — C. C. DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 21. Outlines. — North and west — the land may be rated class 2, being 
 in general a sandy loam or gravelly loam, stony in some parts. 
 The land is suitable for settlement. Wherever water was found 
 it was fresh. No timber.— PT. Bell, 1882. 
 
•»T^I^P(P 
 
 aa. 
 
 282 Townshipt West of Second Initial Meridian— Range XXVII. 
 
 East— rolling prairie; soil, fair and good, 8 to 12 inches 
 deep on a gravel subsoil ; class 2- L. R. Ord, 1882 
 .«k ^.^*'f «"^o«---The soil is from 6 to 6 inches in depth, with 
 irabsoil of sand and gravel, and generally of third class quality. 
 1 he southern part of the township is much broken by the vaUey 
 pt (^u AppeJe River and its tributaries. The water in the river 
 18 alkaline, and varies in depth from a few inches to betweei 6 
 ana e leet. Ash trees occur in some places in the vicinity of the 
 nver.— C. C. DuBerger, 1882. ' 
 
 Outline$.~]Sorih. and west— the land is rated class 2, beinir in 
 pneral a sancy or gravelly loam, stony in some parts. The land 
 18 suitable for settlement. Whenever water was found it was 
 Iresh. No timber.— W^ Bdl, 1882. 
 
 io • ^*«*--^olling prairie, with a few small marshes. Soil. 6 to 
 li inches deep, on a gravel and sandy loam subsoil ; classes 1 and 
 -J. Section 24 is a stony flat, with gravel boulders ; class 4. A 
 large lake occupies nearly two-thirds of the north-east half of 
 
 *^!S1?" I'l. ,^To^^ '^''^^^ connects two small marshes in the 
 north-east half of Section 12. A creek, flowing east, with high, 
 steep banks, and an old cart trail, cross Section 26.— i. R. Ord, 
 
 Sub-diviston.--ThiB township is generally rolling prairie, and 
 the soil second and third class, from five to eight inches in depth, 
 with a subsoil of sand and gravel. The north-east comer of the 
 township 18 broken by the valley of Little Arm Eiver. The 
 water of this stream is slightly alkaline, but there are three lakes 
 ol good iresh water in the township.— C. C. DuBerger, 1882. 
 OHtiims.—Rorih. and west-the soil is all of good quality, and is 
 class 1 ; It IS, m general, composed of a rich clay loam, from 6 to 
 1^ inches m depth, with a clay subsoil in some parts and sand in 
 othei' parts. The country is all suitable for settlement. The 
 J^ittle Arm River is the principal stream in this township ; its 
 water is fresh and good. Water, wherever found, was fresh. No 
 timber of any kind — PT. Bell, 1882. 
 
 East— rolling prairie. Soil, good, 10 to 12 inches deep, on 
 sandy loam and gravel subsoils ; class 1. A large marsh is situated 
 in the central portion of Section 24. Good farming land.- L. R. 
 \Jrd, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.— TMb township is broken by Little Arm River 
 and valley, which crosses the township in a south-easterly direc- 
 tion. Otherwise the land is level and undulating. Alluvial soil 
 of second and third class quality. A lake of fresh water in Sec- 
 tions 3 and 4.— C. C. DuBerger, 1882. 
 
 a*. Oa</i«es.— North— open prairie, having an undulating surface 
 with long and easy slopes, and consisting of high, dry and jrood 
 l&nd—E. Bray, 1881. s ' J s 
 
 West— the soil is of good quality, and is class 1 ; it is, in 
 general, composed of a rich black loam, from 6 to 12 inches in 
 depth, with clay subsoil in some parts and sand in other parts. 
 The country is all suitable for settlement. Little Arm River is 
 
 Hi9, 
 
S5. 
 
 26 
 
 ay. 
 
 Tbwnshipi We$t of Second Initial Meridian.^Ran^ XXVII. 288 
 
 the principal stream, and crosses the south-west quarter of the 
 township ; the water is fresh and good. Water, wherever found, 
 was fresh. No timber of any kind.— W. Bell, 1882. 
 
 East— rollinff prairie. Soil, 10 to 12 inches deep, on sandy 
 loam and gravel subsoils ; class 1. No surface water. Good 
 agricultural land.— Z. R. Ord, 1882. 
 
 SM6-rftt>mo»,~This township is high, rolling prairie, broken 
 by Little Arm Creek, which flows southward through the south- 
 west comer of the township. The soil is a light, sandy loam, 
 with clay subsoil ; class 1. Along the banks of the creek it is 
 stony and gravelly. Little Arm Creek is about 16 feet wide, 2 feet 
 deep. With a slight current ; the banks aiv about 120 feet high ; 
 the water is slightly alkaline, but drinkable. No timber. Well 
 suited for farming purposes.-/. P. B. Casgrain, 1888. 
 
 OM</t»c«.— North— high rolling and gently-undulating prairie, 
 numerous marshes and ponds. Soil, sandy ]oam ; subsoil, sandy 
 loam and clay, and sandy clay, gravelly on ridges; class 1. 
 •level prairie, numerous small sloughs were crossed. Soil, 
 
 West- 
 
 sandy and clay loams, with sand and~ clay subsoils ; class 1 
 throughout. A small creek, about 50 links wide, 8 feet deep, 
 passes through Sections 19 and 30. East— high rolling and 
 undulating prairie, much cut up with sloughs. Soil, sandy loam 
 and sand subsoil ; class 1 throughout. Good farming land on all 
 the boundaries. — H. C. Denny, 1882. 
 
 Svb-division.~J)TY, rolling prairie, with gentle slope to north. 
 The soil is a dark sandy loam, with a clay subsoil ; class J. The 
 line between Sections 32 and 38 intersects a lake, which contains 
 good water ; the sloughs also contain clear and fresh water. There 
 is a luxuriant growth of grass around the lake and sloughs. No 
 timber. This township is well adapted for farming.—/. P. B. 
 Casgrain, 1888. 
 
 Outlines —From the south-east corner of this township to the post 
 between Sections 19 and 80, the country consists of a level prairie; 
 from this point to the north-west corner it is slightly undulating, 
 and the land is wet and much cut up with sloughs." The soil is 
 a dark sandy loam, varying from 12 to 18 inches deep; subsoil 
 sandy— £r. C. Denny, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division — The east half of this township is much broken 
 by hills and marshes ; the west half is drier and almost leveL 
 Soil, dark sandy loam, with sandy subsoil ; classes I and 2. Water 
 in sloughs is fresh ; no timber. The east half is well suited for 
 grazing, there being a good growth of grass around the sloughs. 
 The west half is better adapted for farming.—/. P. B. Casgrain, 
 
 Outlines. — North — is prairie, interspersed by a few small marshes. 
 Soil, vegetable and black moulds ; subsoils, yellow loam, sandy 
 loam and clay ; class 2. The north-east half of Section 81 is class 
 1.- West— level prairie. Soil, a good loam, 24 inches deep; 
 class 1. Excellent soil for grain growing, and good agricultural 
 land on the north and west. The east is slightly undulating 
 
w 
 
 Tofvnthips West of Second Initial Meridtan—RoHfe XXVII. 
 
 prairie, stony and gravelly. Soil, loam and sandy loam ; subsoil, 
 gravelly ; class 8. A few small marshes were crossed. — /. Bignell, 
 
 Sub-division.— Eif^h rolling prairie and slopes towards the 
 north-west. The soil is a light loam, with clay subsoil, and rates 
 classes 1 and 2. The south-east corner is hilly and stonvon the 
 ndges and m the gullies. The water in the sloughs is drinkable. 
 No timber. The east half is best adapted for farming. The 
 west hall is well suited for grazing purposes.— Jlf. /. Charbonneau, 
 1.808. 
 
 . Om/Ziiics.— North— very hilly, rough and broken prairie, with 
 many grass marshes and large ponds, some of the latter 8 to 6 feet 
 deep^ Soil, clay and gravelly loams ; clay subsoil ; classes 2 and 
 8. The ridges range from 80 to 60 feet in height — PF. T. Thomp- 
 son^ 1881. 
 
 West— level prairie. Soil, black and yellow earth, with a 
 clay subsoil ; class 1. Three small marshes were crossed in Section 
 80, and one in Section 19 ; these contained the only water seen. 
 Good fanning land, well adapted for wheat. East— very hilly 
 prairie, with large ponds and a great many small marshes. Soit 
 vegetable mould and black loam ; subsoil gravelly and sandy ; class 
 2. Stony in places. Good grazing land.— J. Bignell, 18M2. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling prairie, broken by hills and numerous 
 sloughs and ponds. The soil is light sandy loam, with sandy 
 Bubsoil ; class 8. Many of the ponds, though small in area, are 
 very deep and contain good water. There is a good growth of 
 grass around the marshes and ponds. No timber. Well adapted 
 for grazing purnoses.— itf. /. Cbarbonneau, 1888. 
 
 Outlines. — West and east — broken or hilly prairie, with numerous 
 deep ponds or basins. Soil, on hills, chiefly sand and gravel, but 
 in the valleys, of fair quality. Classes 2 and 3.—/. Traynor, 1888. 
 
 Outlines. — The west boundary lies over broken and hilly prairie, 
 with numerous basins or ponds. Water fresh. Soil, on hills and 
 knolls, gravelly ; in the valleys, of fair quality ; classes 2 to ^. 
 The east is rolling country, with stony and gravelly knolls ; class 
 2, except Section 1, which is broken or hilly prairie. Here the 
 soil, on the hills, is chiefly sand and gravel ; in the valleys, of fair 
 quality ; classes 2 and 8.—/. Traynor, 1883. 
 
 •1. Outlines. — West— slightly rolling prairie, with numerous ponds 
 and marshes. Soil, 8 to 12 inches deep, on a clay subsoil ; class 
 1. Good agricultural land. East— level prairie, with a great 
 many marshes. Soil, 12 to 15 inches deep on a clay subsoil; 
 class 1. Clear water ponds with long grats were crossed in 
 Sections 25 and 18. A large salt water lake is situated in the 
 central portion of Section 12.— J. C. Desmeules, 1882. 
 
 »2. 0«/«ncs.— West— slightly rolling prairie, broken by marshes and 
 ponds, containing long grass. Soil, 6 to 17 inches deep on a clay 
 wibsoil; class 1. An abundant supply of water. No wood. 
 East— lolling to slightly rolling prairie, stony and rocky, with 
 
Thvmshipt Weit of Second Initial Meridian.— Range XXYII 286 
 
 84 
 
 8S, 
 
 nameroiis marshes and ponds. Soil, 8 to 8 inches deep on a clay 
 and gravellj subsoil. Classes 1 and 2, the south-east half of Sec- 
 tion 24 is class 8. The south-east half of Section 24 and the 
 north-east quarter of Section 18 lie in a muskeg swamp. — /. C. 
 Desmeules, 1882. 
 
 West — Se;;tion8 6 and 7, rolling prairie. Soil, clay loam, and 
 class 1, Here the line crosses the easterly end of a fresh water 
 lake, about 60 chains wide, and extending Jome miles to tho 
 north-west. North of this the country is rolling prairie, with 
 ridges, knolls, grassy ponds and marshes. Soil, clay loam, of 
 Rood quality and classed 1 and 2. Going north, on the east 
 boundary, the first three miles are broken with numerous knolls 
 »nd deep ponds. Soil, gravelly on the ridges and knolls, and of 
 fair quality in the valleys ; classes 2 to 8. Remaining portion is 
 Tolling prairie, with some small knolls, ridges, ponds and marshes. 
 Soil, clay loam ; classes 1 and 2. No timber except small bluffs 
 of willow and poplar brush around the edges of some of the 
 marshes. — /. Trapnor, 1888. 
 
 , Ott<Zine«.— West— rolling prairie, with some ridges, knolls, grassy 
 ponds and marshes. Soil, clay loam, of good quality ; classes 1 
 and 2. Kast—rolling prairie, with some small knolls, ridges,, 
 ponds and marshes. Soil, clay loam; classes 1 and 2. Small 
 bluffs of willows and poplar, around the edges of some of the 
 marshes. — /. Traj/nor, 1883. 
 
 OM//i«es.— West — Section 31 is rolling prairie, with scattered 
 knolls and large grassy ponds; classes 2 to 2}. Remainder of 
 line is rolling, with grassy marshes and ponds ; classes IJ to 2. 
 East— knolly prairie, with large grassy ponds and sloughs ; classes- 
 2 to 2f — /. Trapnor, 1888. 
 
 Outlines. — Along the west it is rolling prairie, with scattered 
 knolls and large grass ponds ; classes 2 to 2J. Along the east 
 the country is knolly prairie, with large grassy ponds and sloughs ;. , 
 classes 2 to 2f— J. Traynor, 1883. 
 
 ST. Outlines. — West and east— rolling, hilly and stony prairie, with 
 numerous marshes. Soil, 4 to 6 inches deep, on clay and gravel 
 subsoils ; class 3. A large pond, many acres in extent, is situated 
 in Section 18. Two marshes, bordered with small poplar, are 
 situated in Sections aO and 31. On the east there are a few 
 small bluffs of poplar, willow and scrub— average size, 6 to 7 
 inches in diameter — and some class 2 land. — C. A. Bigffar, 1882. 
 
 Outlines — ^The east is very hilly, rolling and stony prairie, with 
 bluffs of poplar and scrub ; also a great niany small marshes. 
 Soil, 4 to 6 inches deep, on a clay, gravel and stony subsoils ; 
 classes 1, 2 and 8. A range of stony hills is situated in Section 1,. 
 the north side of these hills covered with bush and scrub. A salt 
 lake submerges Section 86. A cart trail and the telegraph line 
 cross Section 26. The west is rolling, undulating, hilly and stony 
 prairie. A great many marshes were crossed. Soil, 3 to 7 inches 
 deep, on a clay subsoil, classes as follows : — Sections 6, 7 and the^ 
 
286 
 
 TinontMpt Went of Second Initial MerUiw—Hange XXVll. 
 
 fl'r'Jntl?^ Y^n ^^ T ^^*"* ^ ' **^« remainder ia claafl 1 and feood 
 farming land.— C. A. Biggar, 1882. '^ 
 
 *** a^H w^Jr^'^'^T'^"^"^ ^""^ ur 'ulatinpT prairie, broken by ponds 
 aua wet lands : also numerous aiAuline beds, very wet. Soil 4 to 
 6 inches deep on a day or gravel subsoil ; classes 8 and 4. Section 
 
 wl«f kT Vd^ f?'^ ^'*^^ ^""^ *^« telegraph line cross the south- 
 west half of Section 12 —O. A Biggar, 1882. 
 
 Going south on the east line as far' as the Saline Lake, which 
 
 roinnV'' ^''*'r '^\^^ ^?^^ ^^ ^2, fhe country is undulating and 
 rolling, covered with popiar. willow bluffs, prairie openings and 
 deep ponds. Soil, good. Classed from first to second. The lake 
 IS nearly two miles wide, several miles in length and venr 
 irregular in shape. The remainder of the line is rolling prairie 
 with scattered bluffs of poplars and willows; classed ll tTI' 
 — /. Traynor, 1888. ' 
 
 ^^ o^'oW •r'^^'*":""^''i**'f'«,^°^ rolling prairie, broken by ponds 
 of dear, fresh water. A thick growth of poplar was found ^ 
 Sections 18 19 and 80. Soil, 2 to 8 inches deep. onTand and cli? 
 subsoils; classes 2 8 aiid 4. The trail to Carlt^I crosses S^tioJ 
 <•— C. A. Biggar, 1882. 
 
 T.lnff^^*"""'^''''**."'^ ^^ ^°"^"»' covered with ooplar, willow 
 bluffs, praine openings and deep ponds. Foil, good : daises 1 to 
 £. — 1, 1 ray nor, 1888. 
 
 ^*' ^^Jfi?«*— ^?8t-rolling and hilly prairie, with poplar from 8 to 
 6 inches m diameter, m clumps with scrub. ^ few ponds. Soil 
 
 P1«L'' o^' ^r^^v'''' ^ t^'^.^y .^^^"^ ' *^«° «*»d an^ gravd subsoils 
 olf ? .u' f a"ne lake is situated in the north-west of Section 18 
 
 LpHn^^ Tk^''^'* ^^ ^^- \ ^^'^^ °»*^«^ i« ^o«*t«d in the latter 
 mlkim " '"^''^^ ^^ *"" ^^ ^®®* '"^ height.-/. A. 
 
 ««,ai?*^*~;i^°"*?^ ***? undulating prairie, with a great many 
 small ponds and marshes ; thickly covered with poplar 8 to 10 
 inches m diameter; also clumps of small willow. Soil. 8 to 6 
 mclies deep, on a eand and gravel subsoil ; class 2. A large lake 
 16 situated in Sections 18 and 24.— IT. LeBer, 1888. 
 
 Sub;^ivizion.~khout one-half of this township is fit for settle- 
 ment. Water, good ; can be had in nearly every section, 'limber 
 IS abundant and large clumps occupy every section. Alluvial 
 //! iefier 1883^^^ ' ^"^^°^^' ^^^^ ^^^ gravel ; classes 1, 2 and 8.— 
 
 ^** f^f'^/f-West-is hilly land, the elevations ranging from 60 to 
 80 feet m heignt. Small bluffs of poplar scattered about ; also a 
 great number of small marshes. Soil, 2 inches deep, on a sandy 
 loam subsoil ; dasses 3 to 4. A large saline lake submerged 
 Sections 18 19 and over two-thirds of Section 81. A stream, 10 
 leetv^ide. 1 foot deep, muddy bottom and good current, flows 
 west through Section 30 East-rolling to levd prairie, with a 
 few small marshes. Soil, 6 to 12 inches deep, on day and sand 
 -subsoils ; classes 1 to 4 A large marshy ravine crosses the central 
 portion of Section 1. A fresh water lake and a small stream flow- 
 
 48. 
 
 ( .■ 
 
re xxvn. 
 
 S8 1 and good 
 
 ken hy ponds 
 et. Soil, 4 to 
 id 4. Section 
 8 the sonth- 
 
 Lako, which 
 lulating 8nd 
 peningH and 
 d. The lake 
 ;h and very 
 ling prairie, 
 sed li to 2. 
 
 en by ponds 
 as found in 
 ind and clay 
 3ses iSection 
 
 i^lar, willow 
 classes 1 to 
 
 ar from 8 to 
 •onds. Soil, 
 5l subsoilpi; 
 ' Section 18 
 1 the latter 
 ight.—/. A. 
 
 ^reat many 
 
 iar 8 to 10 
 
 Soil, 8 to 6 
 
 large lake 
 
 it for settle- 
 
 n. 'limber 
 
 . Alluvial 
 
 2 and 8.— 
 
 from 60 to 
 >ut ; also a 
 rni a sandy 
 submerges 
 stream, 10 
 rent, flows 
 irie, with a 
 and sand 
 the central 
 ream flow- 
 
 Townthipt WeJ of Second TniH'U MeTidUn.-^Rangt XXVII. *m 
 
 ing noj-th-east into the lake, are situated in Section 18 A cart 
 trail also crosses thd north-east hah' of this section A small 
 stream, 8 foet wide, 12 inchts deep, with f. slow current and 
 muddy bottom, iio-ve west through Sectio. Good farmintr 
 
 laud.—/. A. Xirfe, 1882. * 
 
 Sub iivmoH.--A range of hills, about utree miles wide, crossek 
 this township. In Sections 82 and 88 ihey attain an elevation of 
 n,mTly 200 feet, but decrease in height to the south ; thoy consist 
 ot ndges and knolls, with very st^^ep sidea. The soil is barren 
 but in places produces a dense zrowth of poplar and wiilo'^ 
 scrub. A gap occurs in these hills about two miles from the 
 north boundary, which is level and marshy; saline lakes occur at 
 tHeir base, ihe country to the east ot the hills contains many 
 small marshes, water fresh, and is well adapted for grazing pur- 
 poses. The land improves towards the south, and is excellent /or 
 agricultural purposes. In the hills and southern part of tho 
 township are large clumps of dense poplar and willow .crub.very 
 little wood large enough for use. A fresh water lake, in Sections 
 12 and 18, has its outlet in a stream flowing easterly, and is prob- 
 ai 7 the most westerly source of the Carrot River.- -J. A. Kirk 
 1882. ■"""., 
 
 48. b-division.—The west and south ti^rs of sections are generally 
 good farming land, but the remainder of the township is hilly 
 broken and of a poor quality, excryuui a few patches of small 
 extent scattered througn the valleyi Water scarce in the portion 
 lit for settlement. Wood can be found in sufficient quantities to 
 supply the needs of the settlers —/f. LhBer, 1388 
 
 44. 
 
 OmWim^j.— North— land is generally of fair quality, although some 
 18 very good. Throughout it is much broken by ponds ard lakes 
 and most of it is covered with poplar and Bcrub. There is but 
 little praine.— <?. E. Ahrey, 1888. 
 
 Sub-division— East half— good arable land ; class 1. Water 
 good. Timber sufficient to provide the wants of settlers. Good 
 township for settlement.— IT. LeBer, 1888. 
 
 Sub-division.— West half— a range of hills, course south-west- 
 erly terminates abruptly in Section 8, in a hill some 800 feet above 
 the bottom lands, which forms the Jaoet prominent physical feature 
 in this township ; its embankmeni; is hith, and its northerly flank 
 which is very precipiious, is a heavy rolling strip of land decreasing 
 height towards the east and south, and is well adapted for grazing in 
 purposes. Clumps of underbrush and scrub afford good shelter 
 and a good soil, consisting of alluvial soil from 6 to 18 inches 
 deep, on a subsoil of black, sandy loam and, in some places, clay • 
 produces a lu::uriant growth of grass from 8 to 4 feet in height ' 
 splendid pasturage. The adjoining lands are among the finest to 
 be found in this part of the country for agricultural purposes 
 they he some 40 or 60 feet above the base of the hills. The bottom' 
 of the ravine thus formed is marshy ; a small watercourse aflords 
 the only outlet to the water draining from the hilis. Two jalme 
 lakes were seen, but fresh surface water is scarce. Fire has 
 
488 Tbwnships Weft of Second Initial Meridim.—Bange XXVII. 
 
 destroyed mnch valuable timber. The present growth consists 
 principally of thick poplar ard willow scrub, with scattered pop- 
 lars of small size sufficient lor fuel and fencing purposes for some 
 years —J. A. Kirk, 1882. 
 
 45il. Sub-division and Outlines. — ^This township is mostly all good 
 farming land. There is a young growth of poplar and willow 
 brush. There is a good sized creek flowing north through the 
 eastern portion, also several sloughs scattered about, where a 
 sufficient supply of good water can be procured. Timber may be 
 had from the surrounding townships, and abundantly from the 
 south branch of the Saskatchewan River and its tribi"'taries. — H. 
 leBer, 1883. 
 
 45. Sub-division and Outlines — North of the Saskatchewan Kiver the 
 general character of the surface is uneven in ridges and slightly 
 knolly, but in no place very steep or abrupt. The soil is sandy, 
 both in the northern part and near the river, with the exception of 
 a belt of interval land, varying from 20 to 40 chains in width, 
 along the river, where the soil is good and very heavily timbered 
 with poplar and a variety of underwoods The central belt, about 
 two miles wide, is also well wooded, and the soil is rich, but very 
 much iiroken with lakes, small ponds, in all of which the water 
 is fresh and good; marehes, and a few small muskegs and 
 meadows, yielding excellent crops of hay. The quality of the 
 fioil will be found chiefly classes 2 and 8. — D. Sinclair, 1878. 
 
 Sub-division. — Squth of the river is generally rolling land, but 
 is partly composed of table land. It is bounded on the north by 
 the South Saskatchewan, the banks of which are about thirty feet 
 high, very steep, and to a great extent covered with poplar, from 
 one to twelve inches in diameter, and thick hazel brush. There 
 are clumps of poplar and willow on the rolling land, which aflord 
 sufficient timber for fencing, fuel and building purposes. There 
 are a good many ponds, slougho and muskegs, in some of which 
 the water is of fair quality. The soil is a black, sandy loam, of 
 excellent q ^ality, from twelve to eighteen inches in depth. Mac- 
 Kay's Creek flows through Sections 1, 12 and 13, into the 
 Saskatchewan. It is about thirty links wide, with a good current, 
 and afibrds excellent water power. — H. Wilson, 1882. 
 
 ^16. Sub-division and Outlines. — Has a fine southern aspect, the slope 
 being very gentle. It is rolling and a good deal broken by num- 
 erous hay meadows, small swamps and ponds. The soil is rich. 
 There are blufis of poplar and willow on nearly every quarter- 
 section surrounding the hay meadows, and in a few years these 
 will be of great value to the settler. A creek runs through the 
 north-west corner, the water in which is excellent. It is fifteen 
 links wide and fifteen inches deep. Altogether the township 
 offers great inducements to the settler, there being plenty of 
 
 TJuni-Ckf ctnnA ct/Ml a Knii/lan/^A rhf liaTr an/l n'ru\A T\aa4-mi*arfa a-nA trmnn 
 
 T. ....... J — . ....... .................. ... .....J ...... g^ ,...-. j^.jr,..,,. . ,-^. . •-••^t, -r-'" 
 
 near at hand. At the time of survey there were three or four 
 settlers in the township. — D. Sinclair, 1878. 
 
^r. 
 
 48. 
 
 49, 
 
 Totonships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Ran^e XKYIl. 289 
 
 OM//mM.— North— open, rolling prairie, with 8c<ittered bluffs of 
 poplar and willow, and numerous ponds and marshes ; class 1. 
 Ihe north two-thirds of Section 24 is a floating bog ; this section 
 IS class 8. A cart trail crosses Sections 23 and 22. The main road 
 to 1 nnce Albert crosses the central portion of Section 21. A few 
 acres of ploughed land was crossed in Sections 22 and 23.— ij. L 
 Russell, 1878. 
 
 Sub-division and Outlines.— Survejed. south of the river lots. 
 Thj soil of the southern half of the township, particularly the 
 western portion, is very good. It is also well supplied with tim- 
 ber for fencing, and building material can be obtained a few miles 
 to the west, in the spruce belt. There are numerous small lakes, 
 ponds and marshes. The main road to Prince Albert crosses the 
 township. There are a number of settlers.—./. L. Reid, 1878. 
 
 Sub-division,— The north-east quarter of the township is 
 prairie, with scattered poplar and heavy willow in all marshy 
 places. The poplar is of sufficient size fcr fence rails, but it is not 
 large enough for logs. The land is class 1 ir quality, but in most 
 cases it is -badly broken with ponds.— Z. Patrick, 1888, 
 
 Sub-dimsion.—Sonth. half— these sections and fractional sections 
 are prairie, with scattered poplar and heavy Willow in all marshy 
 places. The poplar is large enough for fence rails, but not for 
 house logs. The land is class 1, but in most cases it is badly 
 broken with pond holes.— L. Patrick, 1883. 
 
 Sub-drvision.—!!ioTth. half— covered with small spruce, except 
 near the Saskatchewan River, where there are some large trees, 
 consisting of poplar and spruce Country rolling. Soil, sandy 
 loam, sand subsoil ; class 8.—/. L. Reid, 1883. 
 
 Sub division and Outlines.— Thie township is thickly covered with 
 scrub, spruce, poplar and willow, good firewood and fencing, and 
 a large number of house logs can be found. Soil, a very light 
 sandy loam, with sand subsoil. G-eneral features of country 
 Tolling.— J, L. Reid, 1883. 
 
 i"r i 
 
 II 
 
m 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 S. 
 
 lO. 
 
 11. 
 
 12. 
 
 Range XXVIII. 
 
 Outlines.— There is a good nssortment of poplar, ash, oak and elm 
 in the Big Muddy Creek Valley. The efforts of the settlers here 
 have proved the soil to be very rich, grain ripening -well and 
 heavily, and there being also a good yield of vegetables.—/ 
 McLatchie, 18«1. , 
 
 Ow/Wwes.— West— rolling, broken and hilly land. A few small 
 marshes in the north-west Soil, clay loam, on ligLt and brown 
 clay subsoils ; classes 2 and 3. The south-west half of Section 6 
 M class 4. The elevations range from 20 to 60 feet. Lake of the 
 Rivers crosses the south-west corner in Sections 6 and 6- its 
 banks are high and rugged, and its water alkaline. The ease is 
 rolling and hilly. Two small marshes were crossed in Section 
 12, but none in the remaining sections. Soil, sandy loam; sub- 
 soil, dark and light clays ; class 3. The north-east half of Section 
 1 IS class 2. South— rolling prairie land ; a few small marshes 
 were crossed. Spil, clay and sandy loams, with white and brown 
 clay subsoils ; mostly class 2.— A. O. Wheeler, 188?. 
 
 Ottj/e«6s.— West— heavily rolling prairie land, dotted over here 
 and there with sn all marshes. Soil, sandy loam, with yellow, 
 brown, white and dark, also sand and clay subsoils ; classes 2 
 and 3. A large alkaline slough is situated in the south-west half 
 of Section 7. East— heavily rolling prairie ; the ridges range 
 from 10 to 40 feet in height. Soil, sandy loam ; subsoil, light and 
 dark clay, with some gravel ; class 3. No water.~il. O. Wheeler, 
 
 Xooo. 
 
 Outlines.— West— Yerj hilly prairie, with a great quantity of stone 
 and gravel m the ridges. Soil, clay and sandy loams ; classes 1 
 and 2. The south-west half of Section 30 is greatly broken by a 
 bed of an alkaline creek, the valley of which is low and wet, and 
 alkaline ; classes 2 and 8. The other sections are well adapted 
 for grazing purposes.- il. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 East— heavily and unevenly rolling prairie ; the elevations 
 range from 15 to 30 feet high. Soil, sandy and peat loams ; sub- 
 soil, black and white clays and gravel ; class 3. The north-east 
 half of Section 24 is class 2. The banks of the Lake of the Rivers 
 extend into Section 12 ; they rise to the height from 30 to 40 feet. 
 No wood ; water scarce.— il. 0. Wheeler, 1888. 
 
 OttWtnes.— North— very hilly prairie. Occasional ponds of salt and 
 fresh water. Soil, clay and sandy loams ; gravel and stone in ridges ; 
 classes 1 and 2. A large saline lake in the north-east half of 
 Section 36. The north-west half of Section 32 and the whole of 
 8i, 80 and 19 are submerged by Old Wives' Lake. On the 
 west, {sections 6, 7 and 18 are rolling, hilly, and level prairie, with 
 a few marshes. Here the soil is clay and sandy loams, with 
 
Tbufnships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Ran^^e XXVIII. 291 
 
 gravel and stone ; classes 1, 2 and 3. A cart trail, from Qu'Ap- 
 pelle to Wood Mountain, crosses from Section i9 to 33. East- 
 hilly prairie. Soil, clay and sandy loam, with gravelly and stony 
 ndges ; classes 1 and 2. Surface water scarce.-— vl. C. Webb, 1881. 
 Sub-division.— TMb township is high, dry and sandy ' unfit 
 for agriculture. The north-western part is broken by an alkaline 
 lake, the bottom of which is, covered with salt deposit. This 
 township offers very little advantage for pasture. The swamps 
 are few, and most of them were dry at time of survey The 
 shores of Old Wives' Lake, which covers the north-west comer 
 are very sandy, and unfit for cultivation for half a mile inland--^ 
 C. F. Leclerc, 1888. 
 
 IS Outlines.— North and east— very hill, land, with occasional 
 swamps and ponds. A lake, about 8 chains wide, water deep, 
 fresh and good, is situated in the north-east half of Section 36. 
 G-ravel and stone in ridges. Soil, clay and sandy loams ; class 2 
 on east, and classes 1 and 2 on the north. A cart trail, from 
 Qu'Appelle to Wood Mountain, crosses Section 24.-^1. C. Webb, 
 
 Sub-division. — The land in this township is generally of poor 
 quality, and suitable only for pasture. It is very rough and hilly. 
 Abundance of good water can be had at all seasons. No timber, 
 except a few willows on the east shore of Old Wives' Lake, wh'oh 
 submerges the western boundary.— if. Kerr, 1882. 
 
 14. Outlines.—North. and east is entirely in rolling and hilly coimtry, 
 with numerous ponds and sloughs, tops of hills stony From 
 Section 83 the township falls gently to the west. Soil, a light 
 clay loam, approaching a sand loam at the west, and gravelly 
 and stony in the east ; class 4.— F. W. Wilkins, 1882. 
 
 West— rolling and hilly prairie, broken by frequent ponds- 
 and swamps. Soil, sandy and clay loams, some gravel in ridces - 
 classes 1, 2 and 8.— .1. C. Webb, 1881. ' 
 
 Sub-division. — Is of a similar character to Township 13. The 
 Cactus Hills cross the north-east comer. Very broken and hillv 
 — H. Kerr, 1882. '' 
 
 Outlines.— North—from Section 86 to 8 4, the line lies along the 
 flanks of the Coteau Hills. Sections 34 to 81 are in rolling hills, 
 rising rather sharply to the west. Ponds and sloughs are numer- 
 ous, and the tops of the hills stony. Soil, a light clay loam ; 
 class 3. East— Sections 1 to 24 are in rolling hills, with 
 numerous sloughs. Tops of hills stony. - Sections 26 and 86 are 
 on the escarpment of the Coteau. Soil, a fine clay loam, approach- 
 ing a sand loam ; class 3.— F. W. Wilkins, 1H82. 
 
 The west boundary is situated in the Missouri Coteau, it is a 
 perfect sea of cone-shaped hills, ponds and lakelets ; stony and 
 broken ; class 3. ^ ^A cart^ trail to Wood Mountain crosses the 
 north-west half of oectiou 19. — W. Peafce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.^lAQB in the Cactus Hills, and is suitable only 
 for grazing. Numerous marshes and sloughs, generally slightly 
 
 IS. 
 
 v I 
 
 KH I 
 
17. 
 
 292 Tbwnships We$t of Second Initial Meridian^Rangt XXVIIL 
 
 impregnated with alkali, occur thronghout tho township. Soil 
 is generally clay.—/. A. McMillan, 1882. * 
 
 1«. OM//i«e«.— North— rolling prairie. Sections 86, 84, 83 and 82 are 
 broken considerably by ravines. Soil is a hard clay ; class 2. 
 Section M enters the Missouri Ooteau ; the hills are dome-shaped 
 and stony ; class 8. No water, but probably suflicient moisture 
 for grain growing. "West— is situated in the Missouri Ooteau ; 
 its hills are cone-shaped, with ponds and lakelets ; very broken 
 and stony. Class Z.— W. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 The east line was surveyed over open, gently-undulating 
 prairie ; a few marshes at the south. From Sections 1 to 24, the 
 soil is a gravelly loam, on a gravelly lAbsoil ; class 3. From Sec- 
 tions 24 to 36, a strong clay of great depth ; cl-^ss 1.— F. W. Wilkins 
 1882. ' 
 
 Sub-division.— Is very rough and broken by tha Cactus Hills 
 on the south and west siduH. The soil, generally, is of very fair 
 quality for agricultural purposes. There are but few marshes, 
 except in the hilly portion.— 7. A, McMillan, 1882. 
 
 Outlines- Is a beautiful rolling prairie, with numerous sloughs 
 and hay marshes ; the soil varying from clay loam to sandy loam, 
 with clay subsoil, and is rated class 1, Thunder Creek, which 
 flows into the Moose Jaw, was crossed in this township, and had 
 a width of 66 feet, a depth of 8 feet, and a sluggish current; 
 water good, and flowing through a flat or valley of about IJ miles 
 in width, with a gradual slope, and about 50 feet below theprairi* 
 level. No wood whatever along this creek. The O.P.R. runs 
 through this valley. — E. J. Rainboth, 1882. 
 
 West — is prairie, composed of very hard and light clay and 
 sandy soils, the latter is chiefly silica ; classes 2 and 8. A small 
 <5reek crosses Section 7. A creek, flowing south-west, crosses the 
 line five times in Section 80 ; this section is very alkaline in 
 places. The C.P.R. crosses through the north-west half of Section 
 19.— PT. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Is nearly all good farming lands. That part 
 of the township to the north of Thunder Creek, which passes 
 through the entire range, has an excellent soil and is well situated 
 for farming lands ; that to the south of the creek is not so good, 
 being light and broken by deep ravines. No wood of any kind. 
 The C.P.fi. runs through this township, following the valley of 
 the creek ; Caron Station. — /. A. McMillan, 1882. 
 
 Outlines. — Fine rolling prairie, with numerous sloughs and hay 
 marshes ; the soil varying from clay loam to sandy loam, with a 
 clay subsoil, and is rated class 1. A small creek takes its rise in 
 this township and flows south-west into Thunder Creek —E. T. 
 Rainboth, 1882. 
 
 West— undulating prairie. Soil, hard, dry clay; class 2. 
 Section 6 is class 3, it contains only a slight growth of grass. No 
 water — fy; Peert'e, 188L 
 
 Sub-division.— 1b slightly undulating, with soil class 1 
 throughout, black loam with clay subsoil. There is a small fresh 
 
 18. 
 
ng9 xxvin. 
 
 wnship. Soil, 
 
 83 and S2 are 
 clay ; class 2. 
 > dome-shaped 
 lent moistnre 
 isouri Goteau ; 
 1 very broken 
 
 ly-undulating 
 18 1 to 24, the 
 8. From Sec- 
 F. W. Wilkins, 
 
 I Cactus Hills 
 3 of very fair 
 few marshes, 
 
 lerous sloughs 
 
 sandy loam, 
 Creek, which 
 ship, and had 
 gish current; 
 bout 1J miles 
 ow the prairi* 
 i C.P.R. runs 
 
 light clay and 
 
 1 8. AsmaU 
 st, crosses the 
 y alkaline in 
 lalf of Section 
 
 s. That part 
 which passes 
 well situated 
 not so good, 
 I of any kind. 
 J the valley of 
 
 ghs and hay 
 loam, with a 
 :es its rise in 
 Creek— ^. J. 
 
 ay ; class 2. 
 of grass. No 
 
 Townships West of Second Initial Meridian —Ranf^e XXVIII. 298 
 
 1». 
 
 ZlniBht^' N.° r T ""F" ^°f ?• i"" *^« south-eastern part of the 
 township. No timber of any kind.-/. A. McMillan, 1882. 
 
 Outlines— North, and oast is a beautiful rolling nrairie with 
 numerous sloughs and hay marshes ; the soil varying f^lm Jdlj 
 
 grass^n^JsTe^^t/m^^^^^^^^^ ^SVy^Lri 
 
 day subsoil gravelly on ridges ; class 1. A hrgo pS contaS,^ 
 
 digging. No wood of any kind.-fT. LeBer, 1882. ^ 
 
 20. Oumnes.—The north is high, dry. open, level and undulating 
 burnt prairio plateau. The soil is sandy and gravdly loams on f 
 
 M to qfi fl,f K l^'^r^'^t.^^J''"^'' ^^'y^ °^^«««« through Sections 
 81 to 36 the banks of which are 76 feet high. fhe west is 
 
 rolling, high, dry, open and burnt prairie. Soil, clay loam and 
 clay subsoi ; class 1. A shallow, dry bed of a wSu^e 
 crosses Sections 81, 80 and 19.- PT. T. Thompson, jg^gj^^^^^^^^'^* 
 
 *«,! w '" S '^'IJ?*"''^ ^?"^"^ P'^^^"^' wi*^ numerous sloughs 
 . and hay marshes ; the soil varying from a clay loam to asafdv 
 
 -Sub-division.— 1b generally rolling prairie. Soil class 1 
 ^H^ZbZ mr""' '' ^''' '^ ^'''''- ^^ wcodofanykind 
 
 **' frnTalT^.^'-^^r^'''-' 'i''\^' co°»PO«ed of a rich, black mould, 
 
 s^nd fn nthl,''''^'' '^ ?'P*^' ^^*^ ^ «^*y «^b«°il i^ Pl^'^es and 
 rfnvT i? f i^^T^ '^''''^^ occasionally. East-the soil is a 
 rich, black mould from 6 to 12 inches in depth, with a clay sub* 
 !«7f '? P^'^^^f' ^"^ sa^id in others ; some stones ; class 1. Well 
 suitedtorsettlement.— FT. £e//, 1882. 
 
 West— high, dry, opon, burnt, undulating prairie ; eentlv 
 sloping north. SoM clay loam with a clay suUil ; classfs l, 1 
 and 6 A cart trail crossw through Section 7. In Sections 19 
 
 l^eWoV^wT' ^7 ^"'^ °* ^ S^^^y- ^"°^^d ^i*h poplar banks 
 kI I < A ^"^^l ^^^ '*°^y- ^«^t^°'^ 3<^ is crossed in five places 
 Dy rHe c^u ApiicUe River, which has an average width of 15 links 
 
 shallow and narrow water saline ; its banks\rc steep and stony 
 on^the ridges, and attain a height of 150 feet.-PT. T Thovipsoi, 
 
 .!,„ f«^«^f«»'«/f«---With the exception of that on the hills alonsr 
 v^. -ti^^ppoiic xtiver, tne laud in this township is excellent 
 especiallv m the large flat of the Qu'Appelle. There is hardly 
 any timfcer ; and water fit for use is very scarce, that of The 
 19f## "" ^ ""'^^ *^ ^"■~^' ^'^^'■' 1^82. 
 
 ' iii i 
 
 M 
 
38. 
 
 294 lownships Wett of Second Initial Meridian. — Range XXVIII. 
 
 SIS Outlines. — North and east — the soil is a rich, black mould, from 6 
 to 12 inches in depth, with a clay subsoil in some parts, and sand 
 in others. Some stone was met with. Suitable for settlement. — W. 
 Bell, 1882. 
 
 West — high, dry, open, undulating prairie. Only a few grass 
 marshes. Soil, clay loam, and clay subsoil ; Sections 80 and 81 
 are gravelly and stony ; classes 1, 2 and 8. A wooded ravine, 
 with banks 150 feet high, crosses Section 6. A small ravine, 
 with a creek flowing south-west, is situated in Section 19. Fair 
 farming land.— TT. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — commencing with level prairie in the south- 
 east portion of the township, the land gradually rises with gentle 
 rolls to the north-west. Some of the sloughs slightly alkaline. 
 Soil, class 1 throughout. No wood of any kind. — H. LeBer, 1882. 
 
 Outlines.— HioTih. and east — the soil is class 1 ; it is generally 
 composed of a rich, black mould, from 6 to 12 inches in depth, 
 with a clay subsoil in some par Is, and sand in others. Some stone 
 was met with. Suitable for settlement, — W. Bell, 1882. 
 
 The west has a good, high and dry soil, and is slightly undu- 
 lating in surface. No wood. — E. Bray, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — East half, undulating prairie, with very few 
 sloughs. West half, high rolling prairie, broken by hills and 
 
 Sallies. The soil is sandy Ibam, with clay subsoil ; class 1. Very 
 ttle water, but what there is is good and fresh. No wood. This 
 township is well adapted for agricultural purposes. — J. P. B. Cas- 
 grain, 1888. 
 
 Outlines. — North — all treeless prairie, slightly undulating in sur- 
 face, and consisting of high, dry and excellent land. A ravine 
 with a fine stream, supposed to be Arm River, crosses the town- 
 ship. The west is slightly undulating, and has a good, high 
 and dry soil. No wood. — E. Bray, 1881. 
 
 East — the soil is class 1. It is generally composed oi a rich, 
 black mould, from 6 to 12 inches in depth ; with clay subsoil in 
 some parts and sand in other parts ; some stone was occasionally 
 met with. All suitable for settlement. — W. Bell, 1882 
 
 Sub-division. — Undulating prairie, except where the Little 
 Arm Creek traverses it, where it is hilly and broken. The soil, 
 except along the Little Arm Creek, where it is stony and gravelly, 
 is a black loam, with clay subsoil. Little Arm Creek traverses; 
 the township at the north-east corner. It has a slight current ; 
 water slightly alkaline, but drinkable. The banks are about half 
 a mile across, and about 180 feet high. No timber. "Well adapted 
 for farming. — /. P. B. Casgrain, 1888. 
 
 25. Outlines.—ls undulating prairie. Between Sections 84 and 35 
 Little Arm Creek, in a coulee 150 feet in depth, crosses the town- 
 ship, running in a south-easterly direction. The stream is, at this 
 point, about 15 feet wide, 2 feet deep, and has a current of about 
 two miles t)er hour. The soil is principally good clay loam, from 
 6 to 18 inches in depth ; subsoil, clay. On the east the surface 
 is level ; many small sloughs were crossed. Soil, sandy and clay 
 
36 
 
 27, 
 
 TovfHships West of Second Initial Meridian.-^Range XXVIII. 295 
 
 loams, with ^and and clay subsoils ; class 1 throughout. A small 
 creek, about 50 links wide, 8 feet deep, passes through Sections 24 
 and 2b.— H. C. Denny, 1882. 
 
 West— slightly undulating and open prairie, having a soil of 
 a good quality —^. Bray, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— Ri^\ rolling prairie, broken by the Little Ann 
 Creek, which flows in a southerly direction through the township. 
 Soil, clay loam, 6 to 12 inches deep, except along the creek, where 
 it IS stony and gravelly ; classes I and 2. Little Arm Creek is 
 about 16 feet wide, with a slight current, water slightly alkaline, 
 but drinkable. The banks are about half a mile across and 180 
 feet high. A small tributary flows into the creek in Section 2 ; 
 It IS about 10 links wide, very little current, water fresh and 
 good. Good growth of grass all over the township. No timber. • 
 Well adapted for farming purposes.— .7^. P. B. Casgrain, 1888. 
 . Outlines —North and east— is undulating prairie. Little Arm 
 Creek, in a coulee about 160 feet in depth, crosses the northern 
 boundary between Sections 38 and 34, and runs in a southerly- 
 direction. From the north-east corner of the township to Section 
 84 the soil is sandy loam, 8 to 12 inches deep ; thence to the 
 north-west corner it is clay loam, 9 to 12 inches deep, with clay 
 subsoil, if. a Denny, 1882. 
 
 West— slightly undulating and open, with a good high and 
 dry soil —E. Bray, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division.— \]rxdM\Q.ima: prairie. The soil is sandy loam 
 "with clay loam, and rates clabs 1. Little Arm Creek, which runs 
 south through the centre of the township, is about 20 feet wide, 
 1 J feet deep, with a current of two miles an hour ; the banks are 
 about 120 feet high, and stony ; watnr in creek is good. No 
 timber. This township is well adapted for farming.—/. P. B. 
 Casgrain, 1883. 
 
 Outlines.— From the north-west corner of the township to the half 
 mile post in Section 82, is rolling prairie. Soil, alkaline ; many 
 sloughs. 1 he rest is high rolling country, with few sloughs. 
 Near the hall mile post in Section 33 Little Arm Creek runs in a 
 southerly direction. The coulee is about 130 feet in depth, and 
 80 chains from bank to bank ; the bottom is flat and about 10 
 chains in width, and the soil is a deep, heavy alkaline clay. Near 
 the north-east corner of the township a creek, about 16 feet in 
 width, crosses the north boundary ; it has no appreciable current. 
 At the half mile post in Section 32 a valley is crossed, about 60 
 feet deep and 58 chains in width. The soil in this township is 
 light sandy loam, about 5 inches deep, with sandy subsoil. There 
 is no wood.— if. C. Denny, 1882. 
 
 West —high, dry, open, level and undulating prairie. Soil, 
 sandy and clay loams, with a clay subsoil ; class 2 Section 6 is 
 class 1. 4 few small grass marshes were noticed. Fair farming 
 land.— TT. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 
 
 
 CIA : 1 •— j__ii_ ^ 
 
 .11 lUUUOS xii UCplIi i 
 
 class 1. No wood or water. Good"agricultural land, well adapted, 
 for grain cultivation.—/. Bignell, 1882. 
 
 ■f 
 
 • 
 
 i 
 
 
 ii 
 
 1 
 
 
 hi-'!' 
 
 I'l 
 
 lit! 
 Ill' 
 
 I i 
 
2»6 Tbwnships Wett of Second Initial Meridian.— Bange XXVIII. 
 
 Sub-division. — High rolling prairie, very much broken by 
 Little Arm Creek, the banks of which are about 180 feet high. 
 The sojl is a sandy loam, with sandy subsoil ; class 2. The creek 
 flows in a south-easterly direction through the township, and is 
 about 10 links wide, with a slight current ; water slightly alka- 
 line, but drinkable ; the distance from bank to bank is about half 
 a mile ; banks are stony and gravelly. No timber. Best adapted 
 for graEing purposes.— ilf. /. Charbonneau, 1883. 
 
 >8. Outlines. — The north and west are high, open, rolling prairie, 
 with a few grass marshes and ponds. A marshy creek, without 
 current, passes through Section 82 ; its banks are 76 feet high. 
 Soil, clay, sand and gravelly loams ; subsoil, clay ; class 2. A 
 small creek and grass meadow, in Section 18, empties into another 
 creek in the south-west part of the section. — W. T. Thompson,. 
 1881. 
 
 East— level prairie. Soil, black and yelbw earth, with a. 
 clay subsoil ; class 1 throughout. Three small marshes in Sec- 
 tion 25, and one in 24 contained the only water met with. 
 Good wheat land.—/. Btgnell, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — high rolling- prairie, much broken by gullies 
 and hills. The soil is a sandy loam, with sandy subsoil ; class 2. 
 The tops of hills and the bottoms of the gullies are stony and: 
 gravelly. Little Arm Creek flows in a southerly direction 
 through the west half of the township ; the banks are about 160^' 
 feet high ; water good, though slightly alkaline. The sloughs^ 
 also contain good water. No wood. Best adapted for grazing. — 
 M. J. Charbonneau, 1888. 
 
 ?l». Outlines. — "West— high, dry, open, rolling prairie. A few grass- 
 marshes between the ridges and hills. Soil, clay loam, and clay 
 subsoil ; class 2 ; the north-west half of Section 6 and the whole 
 of 7 are class 3.— W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 East — broken and hilly prairie, with numerous basins or 
 ponds. Water fresh. Soil on hills and knolls, gravelly, and, in 
 the valleys, of fair quality ; classes 2 to 2J.— /. Traynor, 1888. 
 
 3K>. Outlines — West — high, dry, open, rolling and hilly prairie. 
 Several ponds and grass marshes were crossed. Soil, clay loam 
 and clay subsoil ; classes 2 and 8. A large lake and two small" 
 ponds are situate in the north-west half of Section 18. Ihe lake 
 contained 6 feet of water ; the banks on both sides are 80 feet 
 high.— IT. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 East — broken or hilly prairie, with numerous basins or 
 ponds. Water fresh. Soil, on hills and knolls, gravelly, in the^ 
 valleys of fair quality ; classes 2 to 2J.— J. Traynor, 1883. 
 
 31. Outlines. — West — very hilly prairie, greatly broken by swamps 
 and numerous marshes. Soil, light sand, and gravelly subsoil ; 
 classes 2 and 3, East — slightly rolling prairie. Numerous 
 small ponds and marshes were crossed. Soil, 8 to 12 inches deep, 
 on a clay subsoil ; class 1. — J. O. Desmeules, 1882. 
 
 Sw. Outlines. — ^VVest— ruiiiug aud hilly prairie, stony in places, also 
 broken by a few small marshes. Soil, 10 to 12 inches deep, on a 
 
 88. 
 
 84. 
 
 86. 
 
 87. 
 
 88. 
 
 3». 
 
Townships WfM of Second Initial Meridian.— Ban/re TK.YUI. 29t 
 
 clay and ^avelly subsoil ; classes 1 and 2. A large marsh is 
 aituated and occupies the son th-west half of Section 80 and some 
 oi ai. A dry creek crosses Section 6, course east. East— sliirhtlv 
 rolling Prame broken by marshes and ponds, containing lone 
 grass Soil 6 to 17 inches deep, on a clay subsoil; class 1. An 
 abundance of water. No wood— J. C. Desmeules, 1882. 
 
 **• £*'^'*'^f*-"7/«8t-gently.rolling prairie, with some sandy and 
 gravelly ridges. Soil, a light clay loam ; classed from 1 to li 
 East-bections 1 and 12 rolling prairie. Soil, clay loam, audclJi 
 L Here the hue crosses the easterly end of a lake, about 60 chains 
 wide, and extending some miles to the north-west; water fresh 
 .md good. North of this the country is rolling prairie, with 
 ndges, knolls grassy ponds and marshes. Soil, clay loam of ffood 
 quality, and classed I and 2.—/. Trar/nor, 1883. ^ 
 
 **" ;2l!''»?f«-— Y««t-&ently-rollinflr prai/ie, with some sandy and 
 gravelly ridges. Soil, light clay loam; classed from 1 to U 
 East-rolling prairie with some ridges, knolls, grassy ponds and 
 marshes. Soil, clay loam of good quality; classes 1 and 2.-J 
 iraynor, 1888. 
 
 nfififr^^'*~^T!'''o''''^'i^*^^^ P'""^^^' ^ith ^assy ponds 
 or sloughs ; classes I to 2. East- Section 36 is rolling pSi^ 
 
 with scattered knolls and large grassy ponds; classes 2 to 2*^ 
 
 West-going south, the first four miles, are hilly and knollv 
 prairie ; class 2. Remaining two miles are level or undulatina- 
 prairie, with grassy ponds or sloughs ; classes 1 to 2. East-^ 
 rolling prame, with scattered knolls and large grassy ponds- 
 classes 2 to 2^.-2. Iraynor, 1888. ^ ^ ponos^ 
 
 0«</tnes.-Rolling, hilly and stony prairie, broken by numerous 
 small marshes. Soi , 4 to 6 inches deep, on a clay and Rravel 
 
 clBiggTr"lk2 '''''^"''* ^^"'*^^ °^ ®^^*^^^ 1 is 01^2! 
 
 . Outlines— Ib rolling, hilly, undulating and stonv prairie, numer- 
 ous marshes Avere crossed. Soil, 8 to 7 inches ' deep on a clay 
 subsoil; classedas follows: Sections ],12and the south-easthalf of 
 IB are class 3, the remainder class 1—0. A. Biggar, 1882. 
 
 ' «^'*wffr''^^^ "°''*? ""^ *?^ ^f '* ^^"« ^*« a fi'-^t ^ate sandy loam, 
 soil with some poplar and willow ; a few marshes along the line. 
 The west end portion of a lake of brackish water, called Buffers^ 
 lake, crosses the line, submerging nearly all the north-half. 
 Sections 7 and 18 are level and class 1. Section 6 is rather stony 
 in places, and is class 2. There is very little wood in the town- 
 
 ^^A-eTlSS?^ ^ '""^^ ^^"^' °^ P"*^^^' ^""^ willow.-S. M. 
 
 East-rolling and undulating prairie, broken by ponds and 
 wet lands, also numerous alkaline beds, very wet. Soil, 4 to S 
 
 S6. 
 
 V7. 
 
 88, 
 
 39 
 
 I 
 
 n . 
 
298 Ihwnthipi West of Second Initial Meridian.— Rang^ XXVIII. 
 
 inches deep, on a clay and sravel subsoil ; classes 8 and 4. Some 
 parts are stony. A cart trail and the telegpraph line cross Section 
 12. Section 1 is very low and wet land. — C. A. Biggar, 1882. 
 
 40. Outlines. — East — ^undulating and rolling prairie, broken by ponds 
 of clear fresh water. A thick growth of poplar was seen in Sec- 
 tions 26, 24 and 18. Soil, 2 to 8 inches deep, on sand and clay 
 subsoils ; classes 2, 8 and 4. The Carlton trail crosses Section 12. 
 — C A. Big gar, 1882. 
 
 41. Outlines. — The west line was surveyed over rolling sandy prairie ; 
 class 2, The Carlton trail crosses the line ; it is well beaten. In the 
 north-west there are a few scattered bluffs of poplar. "Water is 
 plentiful, several ponds and marshes being seen. — A. L. Russell. 
 
 East— rolling and hilly prairie, with poplar from 8 to 6 
 inches in diameter in clumps, with scrub. A few small marshes 
 and ponds were met with. Soil, 5 inches deep, on sandy loam, 
 also sand and gravel subsoils ; class 2 — J. A. Kirk, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — A line passing through the south-west and 
 north-east comers of the township womd roughly divide the 
 ■wooded country to the east from the prairie to the west. To the 
 east of this imaginary line the township is ^illy, and in Section 4 
 and the east half of a it is too rough for farming. The soil is 
 black sandy loam, mixed with gravel, in the hill-tops ; between 
 the hills it is generally overlaid with several inches of vegetable 
 mould, producing excellent grass. Towards the south-east comer 
 the soil is lighter, and, in Section 1, beds of fine gravel occur. 
 Every section in this part of the township is abundantly supplied 
 with poplar suitable for building and fencing. To the west of the 
 imaginary line, with the exception of a few scattered clumps of 
 poplar and scrub in northerly sections, the land is destitute of 
 wood. A range of hills in the two northerly tiers of sections, 
 renders much of the land unfit for farming ; the balance, which is 
 gently-undulating, is inferior in quality to the eastern part. Water 
 alkaline. No stone. Lake in Section 16 ; water alkaline. — /. A. 
 Kirk, 1882. 
 
 •42. Outlines. — The western boundary is rolling sandy prairie, with 
 scattered bluffs of poplar ; class 2. Water is plentiful in the ponds 
 and marshes. — A. L. Russell, 1877. 
 
 East— is hilly land. The hills are from 50 to 80 feet high, 
 with small bluffs of poplar. Soil, 2 inches deep ; subsoil, sandy 
 loam ; classes 3 and 4, A great many small marshes were crossed. 
 A large saline lake is situated in Sections 13, 2 4 and 36 ; it sub- 
 merges nearly the whole of Section 24, and two-thirds of Section 
 36, A stream, 10 feet wide, 1 foot deep, muddy bottom, and good 
 current, flows west through Section 25. — J. A. Kirk, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — The soil throughout is a very compact, black 
 sandy loam, with little or no alluvial soil or mould, and produces | 
 a short, wiry grass. Small clumps of poplar, suitable for fuel and 
 fenc-ittsr, are scattered over the sur£ac.e. increasinff in size towards j 
 the north and west. An abundance of surface water in small I 
 ponds and marshes, but are in many cases saline. The east and.| 
 
ThwHships Went of Second Initial Meridian. — Tiang-e XXVIII. 2M 
 
 south-east part forms part of a ranso of hills which aro about 100 
 feet hi^h. Two large and saline lases lie at the base of these hills. 
 The toil of this township ranks class 2, Very little wood. Best 
 adapted for grazing purposes. — /. A. Kirk, 1882. 
 
 KoTi. — All the township! oorthwuda from here, being adjacent to the Third Initial 
 ^eridiao, are fraclicnal. 
 
 48. Outlines — A speciil survey of the west boundary shows it to con- 
 sist of high, rolling and sandy prairie, well watered by noadji 
 and marshes, and classes 1 and 2. Small poplar and willow Wash 
 are scattered over the line. — 4. L. Russell, 1C77 
 
 The western line is well covered with poplar and willow 
 scrub, and consists of prairie. There are also a number of lakelets. 
 To the west of the river, the surface is roiling, and covered with 
 poplar and willow and generally class 1, except Section 2, which 
 is second class. "Water is scarce except in the river. — /. L. Reid, 
 1879. 
 
 Sub-division. — ^This township is suitable for settlement. Two- 
 thirds of its area is good farming land ; it is at present difficult of 
 access, on account of several ponds and swamps obstructing tb'.> 
 way, except on the north-western end of the township which is 
 in an Indian Reserve. — JET. LeBer, 1883. 
 
 44. Outlines. — North — the land is generally of fair quality, although 
 some is very good. Throughout it is much broken by ponds aiid 
 lakes, and most of it is covered by poplar and scrub. There ia 
 but little prairie — Q B. Abrey, 1883. 
 
 A special survey of the west boundary ehows it to be high, 
 rolling and sandy land, classes 1 and 2, and well watered by- 
 ponds and marshes, with much poplar and willow brush over the 
 surface. — A. L Russell, 1^79. 
 
 Sub-division. — Although the soil is not of the first class, the 
 township may be considered suitable for settlement. There is 
 timber enough for the needs of small farms for fencing, building 
 and other purposes, and an abundant supply can be obtained for 
 many years to come from the South Saskatchewan, which is not 
 far distant. There is no running water, but that in the slougha 
 is good, and it can easily be obtained by digging. — H. LeBer, 
 1888. ,-4 
 
 45il. Sub-division and Outlines — Although not composed of first class 
 farming land, may be considered fairly good for settlement. There 
 are numerous sloughs through the township, which afford a 
 supply of good water, and there is sufficient timber for all the 
 needs of small farms. — H. LeBer, 1883. 
 
 45. Sub-division and Outlines. — South ^f *he Saskatchewan River, this 
 township falls with a gentle slope northerly to the river. The 
 soil is a blackish sandy loam, and partieulsu-ly so along the river, 
 but which produces good crops, as is shown by the patches culti" 
 vated by the squatters along the banks of the river. The town- 
 ship is wooded with poplar and willow, with small openings of 
 
 fKinlr TTrkiincr Krna}l Th" l^nnl''" '^f ^hs fifttr ara Br»riTi€rf7 on/l am 
 
 average height of 60 feet of a steep, sandy slope, generally covered 
 
 
I . i'il^JSE. 
 
 too 7hu,mhip$ Wert of Second Initial MeHdiam^Range XXVIIL 
 
 S«6-rft,;r«-on o»rf Oi«/ifiM.~ North of the SaKkatohewan 
 River, tho land is no^ so sfood as tho adjoining township the TS 
 being more sandy, but tlere is plenty of good .r."L wateflal^ 
 and hay meadows. Although it is covered with t"mb^?Tho™ t! 
 not much of it valuable. beiSg -crabby.-^, slTc/jJITBis "* 
 
 **■ i?"i'*'"'*~'^i*® western boundary lies over mostly hijrh rollinir 
 and covered with small poplar\n<' willows; clLs L ' In th? 
 
 flowing' ^t ' xt ISl" r*"' \'Z' ^^'^P' -osaes'-the lint 
 nowingeaet. The trail to Prmco Albert crosses the northern 
 
 Sub-division and Outlinen.-The soil is good throughout 
 ^nH Th "^T'^^f, "cellent hay meadows, fresh wate?tt 
 £2 o«i K "^^^^^^^ IV" »^'''> ^e» "t«ated for timber, for fencing 
 ^fZ^ ^f'^^'''«- There were five settlers in the townsK 
 
 mlt-A Sr.. li^^ ^^ «^«^y -P-^ -" .daptedrsTti:^ 
 *'*^ S'nflr^.G^^'^nP *^° ^f '*^"* boundary the surface is rolling, with 
 
 i« *rf f f'"' u"*'''*""?^^''?^^ ^' fi"*^ «1««« throughout. The surface 
 IB almost all covered with poplar and willow.-/ L. ^iW, ?m 
 
 easiern Danfc ot the North Saskatchewan Eiv«r. Proceedinir 
 northwards on this boundary, on the north half; ho surfece of 
 
 XhL^'T^rr'r^V' ^°'^^-™* <^^^^ « a goof 
 
 the brTnfl • «^ W ". wbitewood and spruce extends along 
 
 S! A- V^^ "J^^- . ^o"tiff«ou8 to the river this timber is of 
 
 Tg'Z7:ZIsS2' '"^*'" '^^' ^^ ^^^°-- niuch^Tmalirr.1' 
 
 J^f'-division and Outline,.-ThiB township is rolling covered 
 
 Ser iro,L^«r'"r'T'^= ^^* ^««' *^« sLkatche^v^an Tver 
 tto u some large timber, spruce and poplar. Soil, lipht sXdv 
 loam, overlaying sand ; class 8.- J. L. Reid, 1883 ^ ^ 
 
 •«». Sub-division and Outlines.—CovLntTY rollinir covernd crifl, «n«,K 
 
 SS'"i"KltTll"v8."i''!' '¥ western boundary runs throwh a 
 , „„^,^ wuiiiry, Dut iii ,„i,d timber. There ia a iarg& 
 
fbwnMhipt Wett of Second Initial Meridiam.—Rmft IXTIII. 801 
 
 lake on the fourth mile, and Shell River crosoes the line at the 
 ooraer between the fifth and sixth inileB. Thia Btream is olT oon- 
 aiderable size, being about 1 chain in width, and 8 or 4 feet in 
 depth, late in the tall (in the spring it must be much larger). 
 Along the north side of the rivrer are some patches ot clean prairie, 
 the soil of which is very fine. The whole country seems to bo 
 heavily Umbered, among which poplar, spruce, pitch-pine and 
 tamarao may be found.— T. Prttmmond, 1888. 
 
 it 
 
11. 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OF SECOND INITIAL MERIDIAN. 
 
 Range XXIX. 
 
 9. Outlines.— West and south— rolling prairie. A few marshes 
 Soil sand and clay 1 ams ; subsoil, brown, dark and white clays 
 with some gravel ; also, stony in places ; classes 2 and 8. Bast 
 —rolling, broken and hilly. A few marshes in the north-easterly 
 part. Soil, clay loam, with light and brown clay subsoils ; classes 
 2 and 8. Lake of the Rivers crosses the south-east corner of 
 bection 1 ; its banks are high and steep.—.!. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 10. Outlines.— West and east— heavily-rolling prairie, broken by hills 
 averaging from 15 to 40 feet high. A few marshes. In the west 
 the soil IS clay and sandy loams ; subsoil, white and dark clays ■ 
 gravel in places ; classes 2 and 8. In the east the soil is sandy 
 loam, with yellow, brown, white and dark, also sand and clav 
 subsoils ; classes 2 and 8. A large alkaline slough occupies a 
 considerable portion of the south-east half of Section 12 —4 O 
 WJieeler, 1888. 
 
 Otf^/r«es.— West— rolling prairie land. Soil, clay and sandy loami ■ 
 subsoil, white and brown clays ; class 8. Water scarce.— ii 6 
 Wheeler, 1888. 
 
 East— Very hilly prairie, with a great quantity of stone and 
 gravel in the ridges. Soil, clay and sandy loam ; classes 1 and 2. 
 Ihe south-east half of Section 26 is greatly broken by a bed of 
 a creek, 30 links wide, alkaline water in pools, and its banks 
 which are about 40 feet high. The valley is poor and wet. The 
 remaining sections are good grazing land. ~A. C. Webb, 1881. 
 12. OMWiwes.— North— submerged by Old Wives' Lake. West- 
 rolling prairie land. Soil, sandy loam, with sand and gravel sub- 
 soil ; class 8 ; Section 19 is class 4 ; and north of this is sub- 
 merged by Old Wives' Lake. A cart trail, from Fort Walsh to 
 Viu Appelle, crosses this section. Water scarce.— 4. O. Wheeler, 
 1883. 
 
 East— Sections 1, 12 and 18 are rolling, hilly and level 
 prame, intc-spersed by a few marshes. Soil, clay and sand loams, 
 with gravel and stone ; classes 1, 2 aad 3. Over two-thirds of 
 Section 24, and the whole of 25 and 86, are submerged bv Old 
 Wives' Lake.— .1. G. Webb, 1881. ^ 
 
 rM J ^.^-^^^^sion.—^e&Tlj all the northern half is submerged by 
 Old Wives' Lake. Some sections are fit for cultivation, but the 
 soil is. generally, very sandy and dry, and water scarce. There 
 is a spring of fresh water in Section 20 About half round Old 
 Wives' Lake is unfit for cultivation. No timber whatever Soil 
 classes 2 and 3.— C. F. Leclsrc, 1888. ' 
 
 1». Submerged by Old Wives' Lake. 
 
 1*. Outtines.—THorth. and west— hilly and broken; the soil being 
 gravelly clay and sandy loam ; Ciusses 2 and 8. No wood. Ponds 
 
 1«. 
 
VIDIAN. 
 
 !ew marshes. 
 I white clays, 
 ad 8. East 
 lorth-easterly 
 •soils ; classes 
 ust corner of 
 e/er, 1883. 
 
 oken by hills 
 In the west 
 I dark clays ; 
 soil is sandy 
 and and clay 
 fh occupies a 
 >n 12. — A O. 
 
 jandy loanu ; 
 ;arce. — A. O. 
 
 of stone and 
 .sses 1 and 2. 
 
 by a bed of 
 ad its banks, 
 d wet. The 
 S'A, 1881. 
 
 West— 
 I gravel sub- 
 
 tnis is snb- 
 3rt Walsh to 
 
 O. Wheeler, 
 
 J and level 
 
 sand loams, 
 
 wo -thirds of 
 
 rged by Old 
 
 ibmerged by 
 tion, but the 
 arce. There 
 f round Old 
 tever. Soil, 
 
 3 soil being 
 'ood. Pon£ 
 
 Tinomhipa West of Second Initial Meridian.— Bange XXIX. 80S 
 
 and sloughs numerous. Forms part of the Coteau. About one 
 third of this township is submerged by Old Wives' Lake. There 
 is a large alkaline marsh along the shore of the lake, from a half 
 mile to one mile in width.—/. Dudderidge, 1882. 
 
 East— rolling and hilly prairie. Frequent swamps and 
 ponds. Soil, sandy and clay loams ; some gravel in ridges ; 
 classes 1, 2 and 3. Old Wives' Lake is situated in the south. 
 Water, 4 feet deep in some of the ponds. — A. C. Webb, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township is unfit for agricultural pur- 
 poses, but, being very undulating and swampy, it offers every 
 advantage for grazing land where the swamps are full of good 
 water. There are, however, low lying places where the grass is 
 plentiful, but the water is alkaline. No wood. Soil, sandy 
 loam, with a sand subsoil ; class 4. — C. F. Leclerc, 1888. 
 
 15. Outlines. — North— hilly and broken prairie, a few ponds of good 
 water. Soil, clay and gravel; subsoils, clay loam and gravel; 
 class 2. West— hilly and broken, the soil being gravelfy, clay 
 and sandy loam ; classes 2 and 8. No wood. Ponds and 
 sloughs are numerous ; water is good. Forms part of what is 
 called the Coteau. — /. Dudderidge, 1882. 
 
 East— situated in the Missouri Coteau, it is a perfect sea of 
 cone-shaped hills, ponds and lakelets, stony and broken ; class 8. 
 A cart trail to Wood Mountain crosses the north-east half of Sec- 
 tion 24.— TT.Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township is rough and unfit for farming, 
 but is well adapted for grazing purposes. The soil is good, there 
 are a great many sloughs through it, the water of which i& 
 slightly alkaline. This township is entirely in the Cactus Hills, 
 and is generally very rough. No timber ; classes 2 and 8. — /. A. 
 McMillan, 1882. 
 
 16. Outlines. — North— rough, broken country, full of ravines and hills, 
 being the north face of the Missouri Coteau, it contains a good 
 deal of boulders and gravel ; class 8. The east is situated in 
 the Missouri Coteau, it consists of cone-shaped hills, with ponds 
 and lakelets ; very stony and broken; class 8, — W. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 West — hilly dnd broken, the soil being gravelly clay and 
 sandy loam ; classes 2 and 8. No wood. Ponds and sloughs are 
 numerous. Water good. This township forms part of the 
 Coteau.—/. Dudde>.ige, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division.-rThQ entire township is in the Cactus Hills, 
 and is suitable for grazing purposes. There are numerous alkaline 
 sloughs and marshes. The soil in the extreme no'-'ih is sandy, 
 but the balance is very good, being clay subsoil w.ii clay loam 
 deposit ; classes 8 and 4. No timber or minerals. — /. A. Mac- 
 Millan, 1882. 
 
 IT, Outlines. — North — pure sand, and unfit for settlement. Along 
 Thunder Creek there is a g vth of poplar and cherry bush. — 
 F. W. Armstrong, 1888. 
 
 West— this township forms part of the northern spur of the 
 
 iJ 
 
 dr-arxA nAf 
 
 "*- « «•■«».•.•», 
 
 /la 11 awg 
 
 llj te: 
 
 flO tTTi-i 
 
 .11 l-k'Mr^lT'/W« 1^-rr 
 
 VT vAi iLrj.\,-i5.^ii. uy 
 
 .-.11 «- 
 
 .J u:n« «* 
 
 saixu.- i£ili 
 
 11 
 
 
^04 Townshipg West of Second Initial Meridian.— Range TYTX , 
 
 there is a thick growth of scrub. The soil is liirht sand.— il. F 
 Cotton, 1882. 
 
 East— is prairie. Soil composed of a very hard and light 
 clay and sandy loams ; the latter is chiefly silica. Classes 2 and 
 8. A small creek crosses Section 12. A cart trail to Cypress 
 Hills passes through Section 18. A creek, flowing south-west, 
 crosses the line five times in Section 25 ; this section is in places 
 very alkaline. The O.P.R. crosses the north-east half of Section 
 24.— H'. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division— Is rough and hilly to the south, extending into 
 the Cactus Hills. A spring water creek runs through the north- 
 west portion. Soil very inferior throughout No wood of any 
 kind. The C.P.R. ciosses the northern part of this township— 
 Caron Station— near the east boundary.— J. A. McMillan, 188B. 
 
 ^8. Outlines.— South of Pelican Lake the surface is open and rolling, 
 and the soil a reddish clay. The grass is short and stunted, and 
 surface water is scarce. — F. W. Armstrong, 1888. 
 
 West— undulating prairie. Soil, 18 inches deep, on a clay 
 subsoil ; class 2. Similar to Township 17, excepting that por- 
 tion north of Pelican Lake, which is a gently-rolling prairie ; the 
 soil is much better, good sandy loam. Pelican Lake is about two 
 miles wide, and the water is inclined to be alkaline.— il. F. Cotton 
 1882. ' 
 
 East— undulating prairie. Soil is a very hard, dry clay ; class 
 2. Section 1 is class 3, having only a slight growth of grass. No 
 water— PT. Pearce, 1881. 
 
 Svb-division.—lB principally good farming land, being a black 
 loam, from 6 to 18 inches in depth, with clay subsoil. A portion 
 of Pelican Lake, which is fresh water, extends across the south- 
 western portion of the township. There is no timber of any kind. 
 —7. A. McMillan, 1882. 
 
 1». OM//twes.— North- is gently-rolling prairie, with numerous small 
 marshes ; the soil is a good sandy loam.— ^1. F. Cotton, 1882. 
 
 East — high, dry, open, burnt, rolling prairie ; several small 
 grass marshes a id meadows were crossed. Soil, clay loam, and 
 clay subsoil, gravelly on ridges ; class 1. A large open water 
 pond, 20 chains wide, was crossed in Section 13, water 6 feet deep, 
 its shores are marshy.— TT. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Is [gently- rolling prairie, with class 1 soil 
 throughout Water is scarce, but can be had by digging. No 
 wood of any kind.— IT. LeBer, 188? 
 
 20. Outlines.— lHoTth and east— high, dry, open, burnt, undulating 
 prairie. Soil, clay loam, with a clay subsoil, gravelly in places ; 
 class 1. A shallow dry bed of a watercourse crosses through the 
 northern tier of sections and also 24 and 25. A large grass marsh 
 and slough is situated in Section 1. Good farming land.— PT. T. 
 Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Westwards, there is a rich clay soil ; class 1. A few marshes 
 occur about the centre of the line. — T. Drummond 1881. 
 
ngeJXH. 
 
 it sand. — A. F. 
 
 ard and light 
 Glasses 2 and 
 lil to Cypress 
 Qg south-west, 
 n is in places 
 alf of Section 
 
 extending into 
 gh the north- 
 I wood of any 
 s township — 
 Hllan, 188B. 
 
 n and rolling, 
 L stunted, and 
 
 Sep, on a clay 
 ing that por- 
 ^ prairie ; the 
 I is about two 
 -A. F. Cotton, 
 
 Iry clay ; class 
 of grass. No 
 
 being a black 
 1. A portion 
 Bs the south- 
 r of any kind. 
 
 oaeious small 
 m, 1882. 
 several small 
 ay loam, and 
 open water 
 T 6 feet deep, 
 
 class 1 soil 
 iigging. No 
 
 , undulating 
 ly in places ; 
 through the 
 ! grass marsh 
 land.— PT. T. 
 
 few marshes 
 81 
 
 21 
 
 Townshipi West qf Second Initial MeHdianr^Range XXIX. 805 
 .. Hfff„"t'''"*'i!"'"'-"*S ""^"latJnff prairie. Soil, class 1, although 
 
 ' s^f J^!?r^^'''*^l^^Vu^^ '' ">'" ^' ^^'""^ * "^^ ^oam, with sub- 
 soil of clay or sand. The surface is uudulatiug or g.uitly-rollinir- 
 
 WtT^^'wl^ ?''^PfP-^"*'?^'''^'^ principal stream pass- 
 
 S Tl^ ^!f *^^!*«^AP ' ^^8. and all other, xvater is fresh and 
 
 tovLllT.Bellim. '" '°"'' '""'^^ "'"^''' '"^^"^^" ^^y 
 
 and ^«l?*''^5i"i'*'"''''' ^''^ '"''""'Sr prairie, with a rich clay soil 
 and class l.— T. Drummond, 1881. ' 
 
 East -high, dry, open, burnt, undulating prairie, jrentlv 
 sloping north. Soil, clay loam and clay subsoil ; classes 1 2 and 8 
 A cart trail runs through Section ^2. Sections 24 and 36 am 
 greatly broken by a narrow dry bed of a gully ; its banks ^ 
 8tony«udarolOO feet high; th'ey are also ^woo^ded, chferty wi^ 
 
 averages ulnL^ '" ^'"^vf^,^^^ the Qu'Appelle River; itsVidth 
 averages 16 Imlft ; very shallow and narrow ; water, saline • it 
 crosses the north-east half of this section five times ; ' its baAks 
 
 rLmpsm, mh ^""^ ''"' "'^^*''' *"^ ^'^ ^^^ ^^''* high.-W'. T. 
 
 >'"6-t/m.vto».—l8 nearly all first class farming land. There is 
 no timber, and water is very scarce, except in the Qu'Appelle 
 River, which crosses the north-east corner -//. LcBer mi 
 
 Outlines --TiioTih-^the soil is class 1, being a rich loam, with sub- 
 soil of clay or eand. The surface is gentfyrolling or undulating 
 
 seTtlemrnf CS,'^^^"^?,-'°^^"^T '' ^' ^^' suitaWe fS 
 !?n;!?f K J^f Q'^^PPelle River IS the principal stream, and 
 
 along Its banks there 18 some small timber — H^ i/e// 1882 
 
 cla^ Jl ThT n'^^A'^'^r «^'' P'^^'^^' ^^*^ ^ "^^ ^lay soil, and 
 tiTJ\ rB"" ^PP«"? Ki^er and its valley cross the line about 
 
 w! 1881. ' '' ^°''»^"^^ slightly alkaiine.-T. 3rZ 
 
 East— high, dry, open, undulating prairie. A few ffraaa 
 marshes are scattered about. Soil, clay loam and clay subsoil" 
 classes 1. 2 and 3. Sections 25 and 86 are gravelly and stony A 
 wooded ravine, with banks 160 feet high, crosses through Section 
 in r.ft'-T''^'-} ^,<^^«?k flowing south-west, with banks 10 to 
 
 W T T,^ ' '' ''^?^^.f '"^ ^''*'^" 2^- ^°°^ agricultural land.- 
 Jr. 1. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 Sub-divmon.~With the exception of the hills along the 
 Qu Appelle is composed of first class farming land There are 
 several creeks which afford a supply of good water. There is a 
 small quantity of light timber in some of the ravines, but it is not 
 very easy of access.— ^. LeBer, 1882. 
 
 Meridr,7r^!lactnaT"''''P' ^^°™ ^''' northwards, boing a-ljaceat to the Third Initial 
 
 ^*' wf -f>^M%^^ ^""^ east-the soil is class 1, being a rich loam, 
 Wltn subsoil of clay or sanrl. Tho s"^Pifip '^ w^^-i-^?- -- ^^ * 
 
 22. 
 
.'.I 
 
 24. 
 
 806 fbtimships West of Second Initial Meridian.— Rangt XXIX. 
 
 rolling. It is all suitable for settlement. Water, wherever found 
 was good and fresh,-- W. Bell, 1882. 
 
 The western sections possess a rich clay soil ; class 1. A deep 
 ravine, running to the Qu'Appelle River, crosses the Jii o, and con- 
 tains running water in the early summer. Two or three marshes 
 in the north- west, but otherwise surface water is scarce. — T. Drum- 
 mond, 1881. 
 
 The east has a good, high and dry soil, and is slightly undu- 
 lating in surface. No wood. — E. Bray, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — Ihis township is rolling and hilly. Soil com- 
 posed of sandy loam, and sandy subsoil ; class 2. Good grazing 
 land, but very little adapted for agriculture. No wood whatever. 
 — /. Bourgeois, 1883. 
 
 Outlines. — North and east— all slightly undulating and treeless. 
 The soil is of good quality, and the land is high and dry, A fine 
 stream, supposed to be a branch of Arm River, crosses the town- 
 ship.— £. Bray, 1881. 
 
 The western sections have a rich clay soil, and class 1, with 
 level prairie northwards and rolling prairie southwards. — T. 
 Drummond, 1881. 
 
 East— The soil is clase 1, being a rich loam, with subsoil of 
 clay or sand. The surface is undulating or gently-rolling ; very 
 few gullies or steep hills. It is all suitable for settlement. Water 
 good and fresh.— JT. Bell, 1882. 
 
 Sub-division. — Rolling and very hilly. Soil is composed of 
 sandy loam, with sand and clay subsoil, some parts all sandy ; 
 classes 2 and 8. This township is very little adapted for agricul- 
 tural purposes, but better grazing land ; generally speaking, how- 
 ever, the grass is poor. No wood whatever. — /. Bourgeois, 1888. 
 
 Outlines, — North— is undulating prairie, much interspersed with 
 sloughs. Between Sections 88 and 34 is a coul6e, about 80 feet 
 deep and 60 chains wide. A dry, marshy creek lies in the bottom. 
 The soil is sandy loam, 8 inches deep, with clay subsoil.— H. C. 
 Denny, 1882. 
 
 The surface along the west boundary is prairie, with a rich 
 clay soil, and class 1. There are occasional marshes to be found. 
 — T. Drummond, 1881. 
 
 East — slightly undulating and open mainly, having a soil of 
 a good quality. — E. Bray, 1881. 
 
 Sub-division. — This township is only 8 miles and 71 chains 
 wide. The west side is very much broken by a creek, the banks 
 of which are about 75 feet high. The east half is gently-undu- 
 lating prairie. The soil is a black loam, with clay subsoil ; class 
 2. The water in the creek is slightly alkaline, but good drinking. 
 No timber. Good farming land. — J. P. E. Casgrain, 1888. 
 
 Outlines. — The north is undulating prairie and suitable for farm- 
 ing. In Section 36 is a coul6e, about 60 feet deep, and 40 chains 
 from bank to bank ; in the bottom is a marsh, about 6 feet deep. 
 The soil is dark clay loam, about 9 inches deep, with clay subsoil. 
 —H. C. Denny, 1882. 
 
 39. 
 
ng9 XXIX. 
 rever found, 
 
 B 1. A deep^ 
 tie, and con- 
 ree marshes 
 — TDrum- 
 
 jhtly undu- 
 
 Soil com- 
 'od grazing 
 i whatever. 
 
 nd treeless. 
 Lry, A fine 
 H3 the town- 
 lass 1, with 
 I wards. — T. 
 
 a subsoil of 
 lling; very 
 ent. Water 
 
 omposod of 
 J all saudy ; 
 for agricul- 
 aking, how- 
 geoit, 1888. 
 
 »ersed with 
 out 80 feet 
 the bottom. 
 oi\.—H. C. 
 
 with a rich 
 ) be found. 
 
 ing a soil of 
 
 [ 71 chains 
 , the banks 
 3ntly-undu- 
 bsoil; class 
 d drinking. 
 [888. 
 
 e for farm- 
 d 40 chains 
 6 feet deep, 
 ilay subsoil. 
 
 «7. 
 
 f Tbwnships Wttt of Secomd Initial Meridmn.— Range XXIX. aat 
 
 West-prairie with rich soil; class 1. Water rather scaroe. 
 — r. Drummond, 1881. 
 
 dry ^ont'KBi^l mi^^^'''^ ^'^ °^''''' "^'^^ * ^''''^ ^'^^ ^* 
 &ub.division — ts only 8 miles and 70 chains wide. It is 
 ynauiating with a slope to a creek, which traverses the towushio 
 Irom north-east to south-west. Soil is a clay loam, with claT 
 subsoil ; class 1. This creek is about 10 feot wide, flows south : it 
 nas a slight current ; water good. The hanks are about 70 feet 
 1883 "^ ' ^^^i'^^^ for farming.— J. P. B. Casgrain, 
 
 f^!''{r7i"~'^^*'i>u'^^^'i^.'»^'''''"^^? P'^*^""' with some alkali in 
 tne hollows. The soil is generally sandy loam, 4 to 6 inchea 
 deep with sandy subsoil. H C. Denny, 1M82. "'•*''' ^ '"^^^ 
 The western portion is all prairie land. The soil is some- 
 xrbat graveily, but has a good clay subsoil, and ranks class 2.— 
 I. Drummoni, i881. 
 
 ^East— high dry, open, level and undulating prairie. Soil 
 sandy and clay loams ; subsoil, clay ; class 2 ; Section 1 is class 
 1. A tew small grass marshes were met with. Good agricul- 
 tural land.- W. T. Thompson, 1881. ^ 
 
 Sub'division.—lB only 2 miles and 47 chains wide. It is hijrh 
 rolling prairie, and slopes to the north-cast. The soil is bl^k 
 loam, with clay subsoil ; class 1. Water good in sloughs No 
 timber. This township is well adapted for farming.— ilf. J. 
 Charbonneau, 1888. 6 x. ^. 
 
 Oumnes.—^ovth-^the two and a half miles surveyed were hiffh 
 dry, open rolling and hilly prairie. Soil, clay foam, and ofay 
 suDsoil ; class 2. A few grass marshes were crossed. East-- 
 High, dry open, rolling and level prairie. A few marshes. Soil. 
 Clay, sand and gravelly loams ; subsoil, clay ; class 2. A larTO 
 ravine, with banks 30 to 60 feet high, and a spring creek (now 
 ory), course north-west, crosses Sections 24 and 18— PT 7 
 Thompson, 1881. ' " 
 
 Sub-division.— Ib only slightly over two miles wide. It is 
 liigh, rolling prairie. Soil, black loam, with clay subsoil ; class 
 1. ibere are a few sloughs, all of which com du good water. 
 JNo timber. This township is well adapted for agricultural pur- 
 poses— Jf. /. Charbonneau, 1883. ^ 
 
 Ouilines.— Along the west the surface, is rolling prairie, and the 
 eoil IS second and third class, in sever:jl places being very stonv. 
 Ihe soil in the south-west section is a first class rick loam — T 
 Drummond, 1881. 
 
 East— high, dry, open, rolling .nd hilly prairie. Gras^ 
 inarshes were seen between the ridges and hills. Soil, clay loam, and 
 
 ATifi'^^f P \ "t^l ^.' ^^^^P^ ^^°^^°^« ' *^^ 12, which are class 8. 
 i^m J,. "'^'*' ^* 8i<^uato in the central portion of Section 86. 
 — W. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 «pj Outlines.--k\ong the west boundary ; soil, second and third class ; 
 
 in several places very stony and with a heavv rollinff Burfa^^-! 
 'l\ Urummond, 1881. "' ~ " 
 
 20** 
 
 as. 
 
 39. 
 
31. 
 
 89 
 
 ^^H 
 
 ^^^^^H 
 ^^^^^^^^B 
 
 ^^H 
 
 ^^^^^B 
 
 ^^H 
 
 i 
 
 i 
 
 1 
 
 ! 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 1 
 
 H 
 
 i 
 
 ^^^■i^M 
 
 i • 
 
 11 
 
 J 
 I 
 
 ! 
 
 
 / 
 
 «08 Thwnxhips West of Second Initial Meridian.— -Rcmf XXIX 
 
 Eart—high, dry, open, rolling and hilly prairie, a few pond» 
 and grass marshes. Soil, clay loam and clay subsoil ; classes % 
 and •'>. Two large lakes are situated in the south-east half of 
 Section 13, the most easterly one is called Pox Lake, the central 
 one has 6 fe.st of water. — IT. T. Thompson, 1881. 
 
 0«//<»e5.__West— prairie, with heavy rolling hills, and many 
 stones . a few small marshes were crossed. Soil, gravelly, with a 
 clay subsoil ; classes 2 and 3. A small creek crosses the south- 
 west part of Section 30.— T. Drumniond, 1881. 
 
 East— very hilly prairie, greatly broken by swamps and 
 marshes. Soil, liufht sand; subsoil, gravelly; Sections 86 and 
 24 are a little stony ; classes 2 and 8. — /. C. Desmeules. 1882. 
 0//^/»:nc«.— Along the western sections the surface is rolling, with, 
 a rich loam soil and class 1, except in the south-west comer 
 where it is classes 2 and 3, and in places very stony — T Drum- 
 mond, 1881. 
 
 East— rolling and hilly prairie, stony in places, a few small 
 marshes. Soil, 10 to 12 inches deep, on a clay and gravelly sub- 
 soil ; classes 1 and 2. A large marsh occupies the entire north- 
 east half of Section 25, and a small portion of 36. A''dry creek 
 crosses Section I ; course east.—/. C. Desmeules, 1882. 
 
 8* OM^/tnes.— Along the western tier of sections, except the mosfc 
 southerly one, the soil is somewhat gravelly, but has a good clay 
 bottom, and ranks second class— T. Drummond, 1881. 
 
 East— gently-rolling prairie, with some sandy and gravelly 
 ndges. boil, light clay loam ; classed from 1 to li.— /. Travno 
 1888. 
 
 84. Outlines.--ThQ north third of the western tier of sections is «' 
 level plain, with a rich soil ; first class. ProTi here, southwards, 
 the soil IS second class, somewhat gravelly, but has a good clar 
 bottom.— r. Drummond, 1881. 
 
 East— gently-rolling prairie, with some sandy and gravelly 
 ridges ; soil, a light clay loam ; classed from 1 to I}.— I. Traj/nor^ 
 1883. 
 
 35. Outlines.--1hQ north-western part is rolling prairie and goo4 
 land. The alluvial soil is 20 inches deep, on a clay subsoil ; class 
 1. A few marshes occur, but water is generally scarce. — T^ 
 Drummond, 1881. 
 
 East— level or undulating prairie, with grassy ponds or 
 sloughs ; classes I to 2.—/. Traynor, 1883. 
 
 86. 
 
 Outhnes^ln the north-west there is a range of high hills, running 
 east and west, and extending southwards about four miles. 
 Ihrcagh these hills the soil is somewhat gravelly, but has a good. 
 clay bottom, and ranks second class. After leaving the hills th» 
 south two miles is a level plain with a rich soil, and first class.^ 
 7. Drummond, l«8l. 
 
 East—going south the first xour miles are hilly and knolly 
 prairie ; clashes 2 to -l^. The remainder is level or uadulatinff 
 
few ponds 
 
 ; classes 2 
 
 last half of 
 
 the central 
 
 and raany 
 ill 7, with a 
 the south' 
 
 (ramps and 
 ns B6 and 
 
 . 1882. 
 
 lling, with 
 irest comer 
 -T.Drum- 
 
 i few small 
 avelly sub- 
 tire north- 
 '^dry creek 
 
 the most 
 i good clay 
 
 d gravelly 
 r. Trayno 
 
 Ta^nthipi\Wi»t of S tond Initial Meridian.— ILng9 XXIX. 809 
 ?It^^®' ^^^ ^'^"■y ^^^ °^ sloughs : olMses 1 to 2.-7. Traynor 
 
 87. £«/'»»«*-.--Along the western boundary it is rolling, sandy prairie, 
 lull ot high knolls and small ponds; class 2.— T. Drumnwnd, 1881. 
 
 *lj Outlines, — The westeirn boundary was surveyed over rolling sandr 
 prairie; class 2. The Carlton trail crosses the line, it is weU 
 beaten. There are a few scattered bluffs of poplar in the north- 
 west corner. "Water is plentiful, several ponds and marshes weia 
 ■een.— il. L. Russell, ^ 877. 
 
 #%i. <^»^«»»f»--The western boundary is rolling, sandy prairie, with 
 scattered bluffs of poplar ; class 2. Water is plentiful in the pond» 
 and marshes. -A. L. Eustell, 1877. 
 
 ections is %' 
 )uth wards, 
 good clajT 
 
 d gravelly" 
 r Traynor, 
 
 and goo2 
 )soil; class 
 scarce.— T.. 
 
 ponds or 
 
 Is, running 
 bur miles, 
 has a good. 
 PI hills th» 
 rst class.— 
 
 md knolly 
 
 indnlAtinor 
 
 I 
 
II 
 
 mm 
 
 TOWNSHIPS WEST OP SECOND INjITIAL MSRIDIaN. 
 
 Ranob XXX. 
 
 HoTi.— All the towQah;p3 in this Range, being adjioent to the Third Initial MerMIan, ar» 
 Izmctional. 
 
 •. Outlines. — West — li^ht, rollincf prairie. A few scattered marsheK 
 were met with Soil, gravelly, with a good clay subsoil; class % 
 thioughout— r. DrumrnonU, 1881. 
 
 East — rolling prairie land. Soil, sandy and clay loams ; sub- 
 soil, brown, white and dark clays, with some gravel, stony in. 
 places ; classes 2 and 3. A few marshes were seen scattered, 
 about. South — rolling prairie land. Soil, clay and sandj 
 loams, with white and brown clay subsoils ; class 'A. No water.-^ 
 A. O. Wheeler, \SSH. 
 
 10. Outlines — West — heavy-rolling prairie. Several marshes were 
 met with. Soil, gravelly, but with a good clay subsoil ; class 2: 
 throughout. An old cart trail crosses the township. — T. Drum- 
 mond, 18»1. 
 
 East — heavily rolling prairie land, broken by ridges ranging: 
 from 16 to 40 feet iu height Soil, clay and sandy loams ; subsoiC 
 dark and white clays, gravelly in places ; classes 2 and 3. A few 
 marshes were met with. — A O. Wheeler, 1888. 
 
 11. Outlines.— West — rolling prairie, 'uterspersed by a few small. 
 marshes. Soil, gravelly and sandy, but with a good ^ay sub- 
 soil ; class 2 throughout— T. DrMwiwowrf. 1881. 
 
 East— rolling prairie land. One small marsh was crossed in. 
 Section 24. Soil, clay and sandy loams ; subsoil, white and browiL 
 clays ; class 2. Water scarce. — A. O. Wheeler, 1883. 
 
 12. Outlines. — West — rolling prairie, with sandy loam soil. Going- 
 north on this line the first mile is class 2 ; the next three miles, 
 are class 3 ; the next mile is class 4, and nearly all the last mile is- 
 submerged by Old Wives Lake. A cart-trail from Qu'Appelle tO» 
 Wood Mountain crosses the township. — T. Drummond, 1881. 
 
 East — rolling prairie land. Soil, sandy loam, with sand and. 
 gravel subsoil ; class -i The south-east quarter of Section 24 is- 
 class 4. The north-east three-quarters of the above section ift. ' 
 submerged by Old Wives' Lake. A cart trail from Fort Walsh to 
 Qu'Appelle also crosses the south-east quarter of Section 24-. 
 Water scarce. — A. Wheeler, 18»3, 
 
 Sub-division. — Fair agricultural township. Soil is sandy" 
 loam, with sand subsoil ; clas.ses 2 and 3 of iair quality, except; 
 near the Old Wives' Lake, at a distance of about one-quarter of su 
 mile. There is a small alkaline lake ; there is also a large hay; 
 marsh on Sections 1, 2, 12 and 11.— C. F. Leclere, 1888. 
 
 17. 
 
DIaN. 
 
 il Meri'iian, mn> 
 
 red marsheK 
 soil; class ^ 
 
 ioams; sub- 
 el, stony UL 
 in scattered, 
 and sandy 
 No water.— 
 
 irshes were 
 ioil ; class 2: 
 —T. Drum- 
 
 ges ranging: 
 Qs ; subsoil^ 
 13. A few 
 
 few small, 
 ►d ^ay sub- 
 
 ,s crossed in. 
 ! and browiL 
 
 Dil. Going- 
 three miles. 
 \ last mile is. 
 I'Appelle to» 
 \ 1881. 
 :h sand and 
 iction 24 is- 
 3 section is. ' 
 rt Walsh to 
 Section 24. 
 
 l1 is sandy 
 ility, except; 
 |uarter of & 
 I large hay; 
 
 TtmnsHtpx West of Second Initial M'rOlian - Ra»fri XXX. 311 
 
 II. 0/<//iwejf— The north hall" of 11»h wt'wt lii».' is rolling piuirie 
 gravelly yoi] ; class '1. The Cy proas Hills trail to Qu'Appelle, ami 
 the south end of the Cotenu du Missouri croes the centre of tlie line, 
 and betwetm here and Old Wives' Lake is very sandy and light.—' 
 T. Drummond, 18H1. 
 
 Hilly and broken ; forms part of the Culnau. Ponds 
 and sloughs numerous ; no timber or wood ; excellent grazing 
 land. Soil is gravelly clay and snndy loam ; classes 2 and 8 
 About one-third of this township is jn the Old Wives' Lake ; 
 thers is an alkaline marsh at this point, along shores of lake, from 
 on«-halt to one mile wide.— y. Duddendge, 1882. 
 
 Sub-divLiion.— This township is very undulating, rocky, &c., 
 and unfit for agricultural purposes, but offers many advantages 
 tor pasturage for sheep and cattle. There are some good hay 
 marshes, but the lake itself and the ponds of water adjacent to it 
 are alkaline.— C. F. Leclerc, 1888. 
 
 15. Ouflines.- The westerly sections are rolling prairie, with a gravelly 
 soil, and class 2, There are quite a number of alkaline ponds and 
 some marbhes." T. Drmniond, 1«81. 
 
 East— in the Coteau, and, consequently, hilly and broken ; the 
 soil being gravelly clay and sandy loam ; classes 2 and 8. Fresh 
 ponds and sloughs are numerous. ISo wood or timber. — / Dud- 
 deridge, 1882. 
 
 ISub-division.—Tho soil is goou and well adapted for grazing 
 purposes. There are a great many sloughs throughout ; the water 
 in these is slightly alkaline. This township is entirely in the 
 Cactus Hills, and is very rough and unfit for farming. No timber 
 or minerals. Classes 2 and B.—J. A. McMillan, 1882. 
 
 16. OMi/encs.— East— rolling prairie, and the soil is good clay loam • 
 classes 2 and 8. No wood. Ponds and sloughs numerous, water 
 good. This township forms part of the Coteau.- -J. Dudderidsre, 
 18-2. * 
 
 Sub-division —The entire township is in the Cactus Hills, 
 and 18 suitable for grazing purposes. The soil, in the extreme 
 north, IS sandy, but the balance is good, having a clay subsoil, with 
 clay loam deposit ; classes 3 and 4. There are numerous alkaline 
 sloughs and marshes. No timber or minerals.— J. A McMillan. 
 1882. 
 
 17. Outlines.— The westerly sections are rolling prairie. Soil, pure 
 sand, in the norih-east, class 4, and graduating to a light soil in 
 the south-east ; class 2. Thunder Creek crosses the north part of 
 the line, has a swift current, is about 6 links wide and 2 links 
 deep.— T. Drummond, 1881. 
 
 This township is very sandy, and totally unfit for farir^ng. 
 There is a belt of cherry and poplar along Thunder Creek, — T. W. 
 Armstrong, 1883. 
 
 East— this township forms part o. \e northern spur of the 
 Cxrand Coteau, and is broken by small scattered sand hills, on 
 which there is a thick growth o'" scrub. The soil is light sand — 
 A. F. Cotton, 1882. ** 
 
l# 
 
 fffpond Ml^MirifSiaH.— Unnge X5CX 
 
 i^ifbifhtshm.-^.Ji'ry inl^rior »oiI ; Ivel prairie, with no wood 
 of any Ifimi. Thnnclet Oroek croMfi the northern pari of the 
 towiifihip— ./. A. McMillan, 1882. 
 
 Outlinei. — East— undnlatinf? prairie- "^Soil, 18 inches deep, on a 
 clay subsoil ; class 2. The north-easterly half of Section IH, the 
 whole of S«otion 24, and two-thirds of the south-east half of 
 Section 26, are submerged by Pelican Lake— -4. F. CoUov, 1882. 
 
 West— the south half of the line was surveyed over rolling 
 prairie, with a sandy and gravelly soil ; class 4. Pelican Lake 
 lies on the south part of the north half, and north of it the soil is 
 a rich clay and class 1. — T. Drummond, 1881. 
 
 South of Pelican Lake the surface is rolling prairie, and the 
 soil a reddish clay. The grass is short, and water is scarce. No 
 -vsrood.— F. W. ArnuOrong, 1888. 
 
 East — is much Ifco same as Township 17, excepting that por- 
 tion north of Pelipfni^Xake, which is gently-rolling prairie ; the 
 soil is miich better, goid sandy loam. Pelican lake is about two 
 miles wide, and the waler is inclined to be alkaline. — A. F. Cotton, 
 1882. *- ^ ' 
 
 Sub-division.— la divided in ihe -^entra by Pelican Lake. That 
 portion of the township toHhe south oi the lake is sandy, that to 
 the north is good farming knd.— •/. A. McMillan, 1882. 
 
 i 
 
 
 i 
 
XJCX 
 
 th no wood 
 [)arl of the 
 
 deep, on a 
 ion IH, the 
 «t half of 
 dtop, 1882. 
 ver rolling 
 lioan Lake 
 the soil is 
 
 io, and the 
 carce. No 
 
 f that por- 
 rairie ; the 
 about two 
 . F Cotton, 
 
 ake. That 
 ly, that to