IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I 1^12^ |2.5 m 12.2 2.0 im — '™'-= 1^ V] // '/ 4 Photographic Sciences Coiporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. MS80 (716) 872-4503 4. N^ >^ \ :\ \ V •"b^ ^ .« CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques Tachnical and Bibliographic Notat/Notas tachniquas at bibiiog^apliiquaa Tha instituta Itas attamptad tc obtain tha baat originai copy avaiiabia for fiiming. Faaturaa of thia copy which may ba bibiiographically uniqua, which may altar any of tha Imagaa in tha raproduction, or which may aignificantly changa tha usual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. 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Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent 6tre filmte A des taux de rMuction diff^rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seui ciichi, ii est fiim6 d partir de I'angie supArieur gauche, de gauche i droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'Images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants lilustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 32X 1 2 3 ; 4 9 1 :[ 6 1 ISrOTES ' OK A TRIP TO BOW RIVER. N CRT H - W E ST T E R R iro R I E S. BY D. McEACHRAN, F R.C.V.S VuK-PkKSIDICNT ANB MANACaNG-DlRECTOR OF THE COCHRANE RANCHE COMPANY. {REPRINTED FROM THE GAZETTE.) MONTREAL. 1881. iN ViCB SIOTES OF A Trip to Bow River NO RTF A :. 'I T -" . I I ORIES. BY D. McEACHRAN, F.R.C.V.S. Vice-President and Managing-Director ok the Cochrane Ranche Company. {REPRINTED FROM THE GAZETTE.) MONTREAL i8Sr \ NOTES OF A TRIP TO FORT BENTON. MONTANA, VIA BISMARCK, DAKOIAH, AND THK MISSOURI RIVKR. By D. M« EACHRAN, F.R.C.V.S. One of tbo tirst results of the ^i^autic un- dertaking to build the Canadian Pacific Rail- way, which is to connect ocean to ocean by an iron road running throiiijh Canadian ter- ritory, was the formation of companies for the purpose of establishing extensive cattle ranches in the rich grazing belt of land form • iug the slopes and foot-hills of the Rocky Mountains. Most glowing reports of the fertility of the soil, the mildness of the climate, the abundance of water and the in- exhaustible growth of rich, nutritious grasses were published by surveyors and others who had visited " the Great Lone Land,' and this, together with the knowledge of the fact that within a very short time this rich belt would be accessible by railway accommodation, created a speculative interest in the new territory thus about to be opened up. The first to move in this matter was Senator Cochrane, of Comptou, who, after a careful consideration of the matter, induced the writer to associate himself with him in the enter- prize, and after visiting Chicago and St. Louis and putting himself in communication with ranchmen of experience, and collecting what reliable information could be obtained, and in view of the prospective emigration of thousands of agriculturists and stock -raisers, who would necessarily seek homes in that great prairie land as soon as its soil, climate, and boundless extent became known, it was determined to form a joint stock company, and at once proceed with the undertaking. After the necessary formalities being com- plied with, letters patent were granted to Hon. M. H. Cochrane, D. McEacbran, James j A. Cochrane, John M. Browning and James j Walker, the name of the firm being "The Cochrane Ranche Company " (limited), and I the necessary application for land was made. ; Applications for tracts ot land f^r grazing l)urpo8es were also ma Melon frontier town. Until very recently it was the terminal station of the Northern Pacific Railway and the ship- i ping port ot the Western Missouri. It was ' started in 1875. by the opening of a whiskey ■ (Shop, and to-day it contains a population of : over 'JjnOOibut it is evident that the examjile set by the pioneer has been faithfully , followed by new comers, lor at least , three- fourths of the buildings are grog-shops, gambling-houses or places of amusement. ' The principal hotel is also the railway sta- , tion, called " The Sheridan House,' kept by | mine host Blv, and may be considered as a i fairly comfortable hotel. Here we were j joined by Hon Patrick Lyon, Capt. Winder, i Mr. Chipman, a Nova Scotian, Mr. S. GiOb I and Mr. Sl)arples, of Quebec. Here also we [ met the rirst consignment of stock for the j Cochrane Ranche, coneiHting of five uhort- horn and three Hereford bulls from the Hill- hurst herd at Conipton, also fourteen raaroH, two thoroughbred stallions, (" Mosstrooper," by " Milesian," and " Konrad," by "Morgan,") a large jackass and an imported Hheep-dog, and a tine mastiff, '< The MarcjuiH," all under the charge of Major E. A. Bayues. Having three days to wait for our steamer, we made what purchases we required, and took advan- tage (»f an otfer of a high Government func- tionary to show iiK the '* city by gaslight." Our first visit was to a '< keno " gambling- house, where we stayed but a Hhort time, the disgusting sight of see- ing gambling in its worst form, and the foul air and still fouler language soon drove U8 trom the place, none of us caring to stay long enough even to comprehend the game, which was new U) us. VVe next visited a faro-bank, when- similar scenes presented themselves, and money, in most cases hard- earned, and the Iosk of which could be ill- atforded, passed hand.^ as rapidly as it could be counted. We could not help remarking the general expression of abandonment de- picted in th«! faces and nervous expression of the frequenters of these dens. Our next I)lace of visit was to the '' opera house," a wooden structure, the entrance to which is a bar-room. At the counter tickets had to be procured, the charge for entrance to the ground lloor being twenty-five cents, to the bo.es fifty cents. The building is about th.rty feet wide and about seveuty-tive feet deep. We looked into the pit. Here we saw a sawdust-covered floor, rough, unplaned board seats, and fitting, lounging or walking around were about forty or fifty of the rough frontiersmen, drt-ssed with all the careless- ness of the lift- they lead, some with coats on, many without, all with large, wide-brimmed hats, nearly all smokiuir or chewing tobacco. The Missouri .-teamboat "rooster," the teamster, the cow-l.- | many places of thJH iiv»M Hide-wheeiri or pliHhed l(V siiuply iliivinir in a lew poHtw ln're ncrewH would be UHidess from tlu- (pumtity of and tliereand |tlaiiun a few logrf acnmH , it drift limber iind tlie KhallowucKs of IS astoulshiuf; liow fant a Hand-bur will form Fort l.iucoiu ib situated JumI opposite BUmarck ; it is similar to all Ameritan trontier forts, and is worthv of note only as the rivei Two objects attrai-t the attenlion ot a stirtugei. 'i'here are two large poles, like derricks, one at each sitle ol the Ih)W, sus- peiuled by blockii iugh eiiougii ttt clear the being the head<|uarters ol the late Ueneral water ; these we afterwards found t(» be very useful a(>pendages. When Ihe boat sticks fust, us she often does in the shallows id the river, whose bed is ((uistuntly sliilling, and where a dee[» channel is found t»>-day a shallow sand bank umy be in a week, these poles iir>' lowered down, and by aid ol steam wiutllusses wtukint^ ropes through the blocks, Ibc bout is iilti'd Ol pushed otV or over tlie funk. Our lirsf night on board was spent at the lauding, ami here we experienced a terrific thunder-storm, the loud peals ot which rent Ihe air and hubhed all natiue into silence, and the torrents of Custer, who, with his whole ccmmand, al»out 300 men, was killed at the Bluck Hills hy the Indians. A .MISSOlltl STKA.MKOAT. Otir stcttnier 'i'lie Ked Cloud, of the Kuker Line, having iii rived, we puid her u visit, and it iiiiisf be .idiiiitted that many ol tlie ways and tilings which Ht'emtd prindtive and l^eliind the ui/e, by practical experience of a trip on tlit^ river, have convinced us that cir- cumfitan( es alter cases, and that what will suit on one river will not answer on unolhei. Tlie bout is about 250 | rain caiisetl a rai)id rising of the river. The fet;t long by aliout M feet wide. She draws ?. leet ti imhes when loaded lo her ( apacity. The main deck is about lour feet ulM*ve the water, and bus projecting wings which over- lap it, and on wide h she u the boilers untl engine-room, freight of all kinds is packed, and for the present our horses and bulls are stable tuijoyablt; after the heat and de- pression preceding a summer storm. TUK .MKN HTIUKK. Here, hc.vever, we found that though far away o»i the frontier ami alnu)Ht beyond civilization, the curse of modern times had reached, and we had to submit to a vexatious delay because tin? crews of all the boats were on "a strike.' Fortunately lor us, our cap- tain succeedt^d in nudcing terms, and we pulled (jut and crossed to the Mandan sitle t)f the river b^ast they shttuld again " go out," and here we had to wait for eight precious hours for the purser — or clerk, as he is called — wlu) was asiiore, and as his antics betrayed when iie arrived, lie hatl been enjoying him- self with the inebriating cup. OUR CAPTAIN AND CRKW. The captain is a quiet, shrewd American. He has had a long experience of boating on thin rivor , lio HuyH hiil httio, thinkH a koocI il(*nl Hrul iittt'^nriH t(» IiIk hiiHinuHH ; ho nuitlior HHiok) s nor driiikH, aud allows no liquor (o Imi Hold on tho l)oat. Our lirHt niatf, a MomphJH • man, in t\w <-ou- voTHo «it liJH Kupcrior, clitn^k in Hlainpud on hiH tact> and bin ton^ni«f knowH no hridic, ho eHtiniatuH hiH knowlcd^o and a(;({uiroinontH at noHnuill ti|,;nro. What ho haH not Koon or dono, or whoro ho han not l)ooii, would ho UHoloHK to ima^'ino. IIo Ih renplondont in whito Hhirt an,' nerve*! in hoth tho army and navy al that timo. Tho lu'dHaru hoth cloan and ctmifortahio, ox- oopt a lew rooms in which bod-hugHarc said (o exist. Tho tahio is ^ood and a lair varioty ist;ivon, hut tho hours uro absurd, broaktast j at sov(!n, dinnor af twelve, au'l lou at six. Thr w'id(;r is takon bom thcrivor, and is i simply a thin mud of a rod clay color ;it is | allowcil tosottbi in tubs, when tho thickest I mud tails to tho bottom, and tho settled Witter looks like a mixture otclay and milk. I This is frctoly drank by all on board, and j many otthc men proler to sane the worst place in point of morals in this whole western country. Two nights before our arrival a white who hud a quarrel with an Indian about a squew was enticed out of his cabin by the Indian on pretext of arrang- ing peaceably their ditticulty, wlieii, with a treachery characteristic of the Indians, an accomplice immediately commenced liring at the white, wlio, however, was a matdi for them, and turning round he. slmtthedcct^ivcr dead, and, sending a bullet crasliing through the brain ot the otlier, he tli(;n tied to tlu; military camp and reported the ocur- renc«;. The otlicor in command ad- vised him to get out of reacli as quiclcly as possible. The tribe, who wore out hunting were at once notified, and returning went to the military camp to demand the white, who, fortunately, had gone. The otK • ter moved his camp six miles tioju the plac^e and immeiliately reported the occurrence to headcjuarters. The Indians at this |)la(:c arc poor, Bqualid, and idle. We were informed that tw») barrels of whiskey had arrived at the place tliis morning ; already we saw three Indians drunk. As tins is not an Indian reservation it seems unfair that they should he allowed by the Govertnnerit to re- main here in such degradation. LITTLE TWO-BITS. Lieutenant Floyd, United States Cavalry, pointed out a bright little five-year ohl Indian boy named " Two-bits " who, a few weeks ago was brought to Carrol by his un- natural pareuts and sold for two-bits or twenty-five cents, to a gambler, who was al- ready desirous of getting rid of liiin, and we were informed that h<; couhl be purchased for tiie sum of one dollar. One of the party was so struck by the circumstances of the case, and the bright, independent manner of the little fellow that he almost concluded to make the purchase, and probably would have done so, were it not for the long and arduous journey yet before us. We are now in what are popularly known as "the bad lands," high clay banks, with precipitous mountains, rising probably 1,000 feet, here and there assuming peculiar shapes — now you would imagine you saw on the summit the remains of a castle of the olden time, now an embattled tower, here a tall, chimney-like spire of clay, capped by a flat rock nf shale. WHKRK CHIEF JOSEPH CAPTURED 0. 8. GOVERNMENT STOHE8. We passed Cow Island wheie, in 1879, about a dozen soldiers who were guarding the Government stores, of which this is a depot from whence th