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I. .T--*Mi . , j.^ »»* 'i*^ __ — _ -_ — __ — _— - — •^'.,- , ."' ■ '.-'• -—,-,,/,"■■ .;../,'..,l.:'^.v .,....■■ iJ '/ c3^ <] >CU^rM^-^fi^^ »^ •4*J^ -»iil^ W*'*f t j^^^^.^^£hk^ ^- ^L^A ,1- ^f F<^ 'y^ h #*- '■ r. ^'*l*%''i m 'llli^> ;\c-^ vV. the general conduct c^fthJB AMetoiMy, and its abet* tow out of doore, that, witiioiit descendiHg into more pafticylar details, no r^pss of grievances, however ample and complete, conM ever conciliate into a jMToper line of^uty, a body whose only aim» and objects were to ooqj ore np new grievances, the moment an attettpi|^a8 made-, on the part of the ImperW GovernnieJ, to alleviate the old one|— • thos laying t|p ^i^itlon of endless variance and disqQietnde/bet^en the' Mother Country and the Colony. BQt this was a state of things which conld |iOt beiong endured without immfnent danger/ to both the lille|5rity^ihe Empire, Mid th^ pea^ and happineka ofooe oTlta most imp<»tant Provinces. Accordingly a cbedfwai attempted to be placed-^n the revolutionwy progr«M of tb^ House of Aseem- ' kL?°^9^ *^ 4ppK<»tion of Government, the -' ^arliamtot did not hesitate to viudh^ate 1^1 jfo' the purpose of preventing a »r file I' 'wf f[ •i 4iBteraii jeets of i4ie AsaemMy audi In their ^LegislativecapieUj ^eould IK» longer irapdiae up^i erame&l and I'lurliamei^y tohtfWeof^ieiiutevfldi fatrooiige and>>pnlar ligit ^. we accordingly hel|M ' «i^miy in the Provinpt^iP^^ tiie feo^imp iMtantned, l^ the leaden of the AiWBd>l|y^ |be iBOitfBflainmatoiytenQSj aadatwiiidiieMi^^ weie^paMedi rej^odii^ng ^e ■^v -** ^'•**^f V. .:■«)' 8 ment— denying the obligations of th« laws-and enforolng a scheme of general organization and terronsm, which could not be otherwise contempla- ted than as the Arelimlnary symptoms oflnsurreo lion and revolt/ And|®-o ft may be menUoned, that, about thip period, at St. Ours, a pole was erected in favor of a dismissed CAptaIn of Militia ^thjhe inscription, "J7u par foj,«^&/» that, at St. Hyacmthe, and at two taverns between St. Charles and St. Denis,the tri^jolored flag was disptoyed for several days; that, at a public meet- ing held in the latter village, a vjery influential per- son present, afterwards anrestedon a charge of High Jnaaon, warned the peqile to be mdy (b arm themselves ; that many of the tavern keepers, in the same nelghboui^ood, dismantled their siJns and substituted an Eagle fa their place. AsswiJ Uonsjveie formed m various places, for thepuipose of fratemiiing the members iu the treasoniOrfe^ «gu of overthrowing the Govemment. At the 0^ them.^ ^.tood "the Centrta Committee of ^^^^'T^^ m and animation to all * S^/'S!!^ *^ "P*'**» ^ imrtmcted them •J^ft^firti^ OneeftheseoigiT ' S2l^' ^r^» "TheS«^of labe^' i/S**^ eariyJnOetober^ an « Addwss to^ ^ WMng^Bentlments w«H calculated tTlu^Xi ■- !!i^*l*T*^!^ iB the Province I n *?• «*J^ »« ««n«*«»i.endeavoBref the whokof V, li^ ')^ii onsctfr tenden «|fet dangtione tendency to the pe«» ^f m -*^ \ •^k .x,v* '^7 M. ^\i « -e' 'U > f 1 I I n 'I :i: I 3^ «. ■■V-y-; .■:-,,"J>s3iS>i,;ESai^ V hi ■i * 4 AN^HtLS OPJEB^JADA. ciety. Young and old \^ere taught to entertain sentiments at variance with the moral and political obligations of British subjects, and adverse to the supremacy Of the Mother Country, Hireling news* papers were employed for disseminating these per- nicious doctrines; Sc^hdays and other holidays, were set apart for military exercise and movements; armed bandsparaded the streets of Montreal in the night time, bearing the tri-color, and other banners of a revolntiont^ty description ; and the most peace- able of our citizens were afraid to venture out after nightfall, wit)ioutb|^ng well armed. Onihe 2^rd^(JrOctober, a *' Grand Meeting of f he Gonfedfiration of the six Counties,*' was held at St. Charl^i, which was remarkable for having given occasion/io the most unreserved declaration of the sentim^its of the revolutionary party that had until tlieh been made. In the proceedings and the demeanor of this meeting, we discover, the first overt act of the late rebellion. The cap of liberty was raised, and a solemn oath taken under it to be faithful to the revolutionary principlesof which it was emblematical. It was resolved, that all men were created equal; that the authority of Great Britain over the Canadas, could not, and should not con- tinue, except by the good will of the inhabitants; that the people had a right to demand and main- tain, as a condition of their voluntary allegiance, changes and improvements in the form of their gov- ernment, as their wants, the progress of their conn- try since 1791, and their condition, rendered neces- sary for their contentment and well-being ; that all yivv \ "^■^ -«^, r-. \ to entertain and political rerse to tbe reling news* ig these per- )liday8, were movements ; atreal in the ther banners I most peace- ire out after I Meeting of ' was held at laving given ation of the y that had ings and the er. the first ip of liberty aderit tobe which it was ill men were reat Britain aid not con- inhabitants ; [ and main- ' allegiance, i)f their go v- ftheirco^n- dered neces- ing; that all • ' ''^5^'''''1^'»'^=#*-T'«;**'i7^W^-^?¥^J!'^sr.^Jtf_'«™^|[f k . refuge the parishes of the "six Counties " should simultar neously elect j;uslice8 of the Peace and Officers of Militia, in the room of those who had lately been dismissed by the Executive Government ; that they should systematically oppose such officers as should be named by Crovernment, and subscribe funds to prosecute and punish them; that the people of the six Counties would throw norobstacle in the way of the men belonging to the Itegiments stationed in the district, should they desire to improve their condition by emigrating to the United States; and that the meeting approved of the organization of "The Sons of Liberty," and recommended similar associations throughout the six Counties, and to maintain active correspondence and frequent com- munication with the " Sons of Liberty.^' This mBeting was attended by th6 Speaker and twelva Members of the House of Assembly; and no time was lost by themselves and their associates, in car- rying the treasonable part of the resolutions into ' eflfect. Bands of armed ruffians marched forth, spreading fear and consternation among the peace-' able inhabitants of the country, threatening them with the loss of life and property, if they did not immediately acquiesce in the view%and projects of therinsurgents, for so they might now be denomina- *« ted. Justices of tWl^ace ,and Officers of Militia, were by this mean^mipelled to resign their Com- missions; and such was the general system of coercion and terrorism enforced, that many officers, civil and military, were under the necessity of. hid- ing themselves, and of flying to Montreal J N- ;); % • - ■■■— ■ ■ ■ • .:■ ^. •"-"■" fr..... ; .:4 I 'i'^mi. :tv>-; :.. /.: .' .■" .', .^ , / : . ■..».'-JI . . ■.'.••4i,*«'!-l,.i' J, rrVt "■^^ • -. ■.. . . / ■R"*,!?"- T«5' ■'t^vr y-u-f-w^- -iJI 'vt^ h* • Kt 4. w 6 ANNALS OF CANADA. anil protection^ Others bad written to the Govep- nop-in-Ghlef, requesting an acceptance of their resignations, as the only means of saying their lives and property from destruction. ' - In order to counteract, if possible, these seditious practices and treasonable designs, as well as ta overawe'the violence of the revolutionary |»arty in Montreal, a namerons meeting of the loyal and con- stitntional inhabitants was held in the Pktee d'Arme^, of this city, on the same day, the 23rd of October; havfng especially for its object, the main* tenanoe << of good, order, the protection of life and property, and the oonnezion now happily existing between this Colony and the United Kiagdora, at present put in jeopardy by tbe machiniations <^ a disorganising and revolutionary faction within thla Province, pfofessedly Insnt on their destrnctioii." Both the 6ovemoi^in-€hief and the Commander of the Forces, had written to Sir Colin Campbell, the lieutenaDt Governor of Nova Scotia, for a reio^ foroemeBt of troope ih>m thai quarter, the latter strongly urging thai two, Regiments should imm9 < tk ii if iiii j> f'i I > , 7 1 of Mod-* on8| anx- ant eventy Bind inten- 18 at last afternoon, Liberty," yard, ofif Sonacina's it is said, ofparad- lite party, iders had igistrates, ^ !hi8 meet- le poblie, ity of'the le loyalist the real the whole Street, at ng afew temselye» re, where and foar of Liber- stols, and 9 streets, ack^upon » persons i6k place; I on both '\''^w^*'^' ANNALS OF CANADA. 9 sides ; but the great numerical force of the assail- ants enabled them for a time to triumph, and clear the street before them, br§alcing many windows as they went along, and penetrating through the Place d'Arroes into Notre Dame Street. By this time, the alarm was spread among the friends of order, who, without any other arms than their walking sticks, hurried to the scene of action, and soon con- vinced the " Sons of Liberty," that whatever might be their numbers, they were not to assail, with im- punity, the peace of society, and the lives and pro- perty of Her Majesty's loyal subjects. The Patnotes were soon routed, and chased through the St. Lawrence Suburbs, where they once or twice attempted to rally, but in vain. Nothing could resistthe impetuosity of the British loyalists : and the "Sons of Liberty'^ were dispersed, we [hope, never to meet again. It was now about six o'clock, and the municipal authorities deemed it necdssary to read the Riot Act, and call out the military. A strong party of the loyalists was en^untered by the Royal Regiment, in front of Pa^heau's house ; Lbi#instead of offering any resistance, they heartily cheered the^allant Regimeitt, and accompanied it to the Champ de Mars, where it was bordered to take post. The excited loyalists then marched through some of the principal streets of the town, and the St. Lawrence Suburbs, in pursuit of the "Sons of Liberty," a small party of whom had col- lected near the Bishop's Church, with the inten- tion, it was supposed, of injuring that property. To prevent any further collision at that point, a co»> f-. ■ ■ m >■ vl ■. 4 ■ ; -. K> • -1 i ■ ( ■ ^ . i -\ :• ■■'•.'i • .' :l :;.-,.***c£: ;"j -A=r z^^. -If. ir. :.,- 10 'annals oil CANADA. «: ■; pany of the Royals were jposted near the Church, to the oflScer in command of which the loyalists deli- *vered a seven-barrelled gun, two other guns, a ^ sword and a bantier of the " Sons of Liberty," which thejhad taken from a bouse in Dorchester Street, where the Patriolts wet^ in the habit of meeting for drill. After thisyallb^me quiet, and the Magis- trates ordered tiftj^ops to their barracks. In proceeding thiiherVtfie Royals found a party at- tempting some injury/ to Papinean's house; but they desisted the moment the troops came up to them. Thai Regiment had scarcely arrived at their quarters, when they were called upon for assistance to protect the office of the Vindicator newspaper. A company was sent, but the property was destroyed before they arrived, and tbepeople dispersed. " I was placed," says Colonel Wetherall, in a private lettejr to Lord Gosford, from which we have bor- rowed maQy of the above particulars, "on duty mrith three companies during the night, and pa- trolled the streets till day-light. All was still as death; no lives were lost; and no opposition of- fered to the military. General Brown and his myrmidons were decidedly the aggressors, and will not, I think, repeat an experhnent in which they will always fail. The Englisli Magistrates have been grossly attacked by those of the opposite party, for not firing upon the English mob, and for allowing the destruction of the Vindicator press; but it was impossible for them to foresee . that event, their attention being directed t^- Papinean's house, for which the* mob were in full march. ])hurch, to lists deli-* ' guns, a )r," which er Street, Beting for le Magis- icks. In party at- Qse ; but me up to d at their assistance wspaper. lestroyed led. « I I private ftve bor- on duty and pa- 9 still as iition of- and hU and will lich they ;es have opposite f and for r press; tee . that pinean's mardi. ANMALB OF CANADA. 11 Having saved that, and the mob having, to all ap- pearance, dispersed, they had no alternative but to dismiss the military." It is here proper to mention, that on the 10th of November^ Lieutenant General Sir John Colbome removed his Head Quarters from Sorel to Montreal, where His Excellency fixed his own and his family's residence for the winter. In consequence of the system of disorganization which was carried on in the neighbourhood of St. Johns, and the disturbed state of that vicinity, a detachment of the Montreal Volunteer Cavalry marched thither on the 10th, under the command of Captain Glasgow, of the Royal Artillery, an a eorps of observatioDi. Upon arriving at St. Johns, he ionnd a large body of armed Ao^'tofw posted on the opposite or right bank of the tUchelien River. He approached them, attended by two of his men, and demanded to know the cause of their being met together at that place. They merely answered, that if he did not immediately retire, they would fire upon him. Captain Glasgow, upon this, or- dered the Cavalry to take possession of the bridgt at St. Johns, with the view of preventing this armed body from crossiflbver to that BUagfi) ^i^d carrying on, as they saia they were resolved to do, their treasonable practices of intimidation and coercion. The state of affairs both In this city and district now became truly alarming ; and it was evident that a spirit of disaffection and contempt of the laws had spread itself far and wide among the peo^ - 'h \€. ■I: -'M fv^ ;!■;■ ;> : T ■ t r ^ 1 !'fl ;^'; I. : IS ANNJILS OP CANADA. pie. As far as jiosaible, it became ne^^essaiy to check the increasing evil. On the 16th of this month, warrants ^ere issued for the apprehension of twenty-six individuals, charged with High Trea- son*. Eight of them were committed to prison at the time; but all the others who resided in town had made their escape. The warrants against DemAray and Davignon, who resided at St. Johns, and against Lionais, who lived at St. Athanase, were at the same time entrusted to a peace officer, who, accompanied by a body of about sixteen of the Royal Montreal Volunteer Cavalry, under the command of Lieutenant Ermatinger, proceeded to execute them, by way of Longueuil and Chambly. llie party succeeded in arresting Demaray and D*- vignon, and returned to Montreal with them by the same route. In the meantime,, two companies "*The following are their BMnes :— J.UV B. lionrfB,* Lonis Perrault, Thomas 8, Brown, J. DabiM,* » Ed. E. Rodier, M.F.r. P. K Demaray. Joa. F. DtiTignon, \ C. 6.0. Cote, M.P^.» J. Oagnook L. M. Viger. M.^.P.» • K Ajniot, M.P.P.* ^ Jofc.T. Drolet, BtP.P.! Cbaa. A. I«eblanc,* P. TttTemier,* . t.J^PapIneaa,M.P.P. Amiiry Girod, W,Nel«>D,f J^ "pwked with an ♦ were apprehended, and imprisoned Within ^he next three A%^i. Those with a f hare since been com- mitted to gaoT. A. Girod committed snicide when about to bo •pplwhended by a party of Long Point Volunteers. K B. O'Callaghan, M.P.P. A. Simard,* A. GauTin,f L. Gauthier, R. Desrivierestf J. Girouard, M.P.P. A. Ouimet,* G. DeBouohenrilie.* ^ ■■ \ '■ '-■'■/■■ ■ ^ 388aiy to I of this rehension gh Trca- prison at 1 in town against t. Johns, ihanase, ;e officer, xteen of ader the aeded to 'hambly. andDar them by mpanies P.P. oprisoned >een com- tout to be ^ Tf^f™"*"!' '^"V — "T-'«-r 'SB^w"!" twji'spm'.w-*'* '.jiiiif H ANNALS OP CANADA. u of the 32nd Regiment, under the command of Major Reid, had been stationed at Longueuil, for the pur- pose of maintaining a communication with the ap- prehending party, who, in the event of being attaclced between the latter place and Chambly, were in- structed to fall back upon that post, or to make an effort to join Major Reid's detatchment. At eleven o'clock, in the forenoon of the 17th, when within about two mHes of Longueuil, the cavalry and the peace officer in charge of the prisoners, were inter* cepted by a large body of armed peasantry, who fired upon them from their houses, from behind the fenceS),and from a bam which bordered the road^ and compelled them to abandon their prisoners, the cavalry not being able to assail the position of the insurgents, and seeing the road in advance lined in a similar manner with^armed habttanSf evidently de- termined to rescue the prisoners. After discharg- ing their pistols among the insurgents, and, it is believed, with some effect, the cavalry wheeled about, and retired by a circuitous route, to town, several of them having been less or more wounded -^their horses having also suffered from the fire of the insurgents. Major Reid having received orders not to abandon his post at Longueuil, could afford no assistance to the cavalry during their short en^ gagement with the peasantry. The whole circumstances attending this rescue having been reported, by means of depositions, to the civil authorities, and by them laid before His Excellency the Commander of the Forces, it was deemed advisable to reinforce the^garrlson at Cham- jm ■.■■■:."•« >■■■' ■• ■ I. V; : v;;pl I ' '\ ■''''' 1 vM m ■ "^%i fl^l ■ ■ ■mm -^-31. J. j% t*5/ t. i^A . ^ i\"\ V h lv8« . U ANNAU or CANADA. - * bif. Accordingly, orders were communicated to Lieut. Ck^lonel Wetherall to march, on the morn- ing of the 18th, with the battalion under his com- mand, to Chamblf, by way of Longueuil ; Mi^or Jackson, of the Artillery, being directed to detach two light six-ttMinders to accompany the Royals. They were 06 accompanied by a detachment of the Montreal Cavalry, under Captain David, and the Deputy Sheriff, two Magistrates and a consta- ble, under instructions to re-capture the prisoners, Demaray and Davlgnon, and tp arrest any indivi- duals who might be Identified ^s having ald«d or abetted the treanouable rescue of the 1 7th. Colonel Wetherall was furnished with oitos to assist the civil powers ioarresting the oflHUik^d should they offer ardMl resistance tA^HHp, to on th« rebel*, and also to destl^JBymuse from which they might fire. On arriving at Chambly, on the evening of the 18th, C(Honel Wetherall re- ■^ported that at Longueuil they found all the honsea ^Med, 4bat the inhabitants at home. For seven '^•^ef^^pd that place, every house was closed or barricioetl, and not a. man, woman or child to be seen. The bouses from which the cavalry wei« fired at on the 17th, were entered and searched, but no arms or ammunition wer? found. The female inhabitants and children were concealed in the woo^and the men were reported to have gone to Bouc^ville. One man who had concealed him- self in A hay-loft, at a tavern, within six mlle» of Chambly, wib arrested; and owing to the activity and zeal of Captain David and his par|yf Several Jf.- ^■ }0^^! .A J'^ X 1^ v ANN ALB OF CANADA. If. armed bands, who had apparently assembled fi the purpose of intercepting tlie march oftbe troopl| were discovered, but they fled on a nearer approach. Six individuals were apprehended — two of them in a wood, in which a party who had abandoned their houses took refuge. Captain Bell's company was detached to scour the woods, and several shots were exchanged, but no injury wi» sustained by either party. The prisoners were taken with arms in their hands, ammunition having been distributed tlTthem and others on the previous night by Dr. Kimber, of Ghambly, at a large meeting held near his house. About 300 men took up a position near the bridge over the small stream at Booth's tavern, about a mile from Chambly, fdr the purppse of resisting the Cavalry, and shewed such a good front that it was imagined they would carry their determination into effect. But at the approach of the advanced guard oftbe Royals, they fled in all directions, and the cavi^ ancceeded in capturing some of them. In making these captures, the troops diverged from ' their route on some occasions, and discovered that the houses off the high road were deserted', and that, in foct, the whole country wa^ in arms, though evi^ dentiy panicTStruck. The prisoners were retained at Chambly, where the Royals, artillery and cavalry, remained in quarters. iPwo days afler this, intelligence was received by the civil authorities ii| this city,^ that T. S. Brown, who led, and was wonnded, in the riots of the 6th, of November, had, since his escape from town, eot> lected-a large force of inaargents at the village of St. ■ -^ •;^ M ^mt^K^r i>V 16 ANNALS OF CANADA. Charles, on the River Richelieu, which he wji8 en- deavQuring to fortify; and that Papineau, O'Cal- laghan and Wolfred Nelson ,wwe jconcemed in these treasonable measures of proposed resistance. Against all these leaders, as we haVe seen, warrants for high treason had been issued; and an applica*- . tion was now made by the civil authorities to Sir John Colbome, the Commander of the Forces, for inilitaiy to assist them in the apprehension of the delinquents. Accordingly, at three o'clock in the afternoon of the 22nd, Colonel Gore, in obedience to the instructions of the Lieutenant General Com- manding, left Montreal with the flank companies (Captains Harris' and Maitland's) of the'*24th Regimei^ under the command* of Lietit. Colonel Hughes, the light company of the 32d Regiment, commanded by Captain Markham, one howitzer, twelve pounder, nnder Lieut. Newcomen, Royal ArtiUeiy, and a party of the Montreal Cavalry, under Comet Sweeny, on board the St. George steamer, en route to Sotel, where he disembarked at six o'clock, P. M., and placed the men in the barrack square. Colonel Gore, in bis despatch of the 25th of November— for it fs from that we copy— thien goes on to report;, that he directed Captain Crompton, who had been stationed at Sorel, to be prepared, with two companies of the 66th Regi- ment, t6 march at ten o'clock, when, according to instructions, the whole division proceMed on the road to St. Denis, which Colonel Gore had been directed to carry, and then move on rapidly^o assist Lieut. Colonel Wetherall, of ^ the Royal W1- ' 3ff 4 '• he WJ18 en» eau, O'Cal- mcemed in I resistance, in, warrants an applica" rities to Sir Forces, for sion of the ;lock in the n obedience moral Gom- companies f the'*24th itit. Colonel t Regiment, e howitzer, men, Rojal al Cavalry, St. George tis^mbarked men in the despatch of t we copy— ed Captain Sorel, to he 66th Regi- iccordlng to ded on the e had been rapidly'ao the Royal ANNALS OF CANADA. 17 Regiment, in his attack npon St Charles. CoUnel Gore was accompanied by the Depnty Sheriff, and other civil officers, charged with warrants for the apprehension of the leaders we have mentioned. The distance of St. Denis from Sorel is only about eighteen miles; but the mar^wadia severe one.; r.;It rained violently during the night, the mud and water reaching to the knees ; and the° troops' did not leach the small but rapid rivers which crosses the road, four miles and a half from St. Denis, until some time t^er daylight. In order to arrive at his destination, with as littla delay as possible, Colonel Gore took the back road> to avoid the village of St. Ours, and pass the small river by a bridge bi^her up than the one by the main road, and also for the purpose of taking on an intelligent guide, who had volunteered to lead the way. After passing the bridge. Colonel Gore observed an armed party that had been sent to oppose the crossing of the troops at the lower bridge, and who flanked their lio^ of march ; but it was ^eemed Un- necessary to waste any time in dispersing them— the Colonel moving on to his point, which was now frequently impeded by the breaking down of the bridges. Several, however, were saved from demolition by Comet Sweeny's detachment of Cavalry, who took two arm^ peasants, but could gain no infonnation as tb the intention of the in- surgents. On approaching St Denis, a strong body of armed men, moving along a wood^ skirted the left flank of /flie troops. All the houses on the line of road werMeserted ; and, on nearing St :::'( .•r*-.-. — .'jfrg.ar.yA'r. a «, i , - ■ '^■ . - . , «n i ^mi^ i, ^ ii ^^j„^ ■ i. if i vt . i;- . - . . a , i r!iia T?3IR2«T?^1!^iK'" f W ^M 18 A.NNALS OF CANADA. Denis, they were attacked by skirmishers, occupy- ing the houses and barns on the road, and aloQ the banks of the river Richetien. These ,^ef rapidly driven in by Captain Markham to th€l^|iil^^ entrance. St. Denis was fonnd to be strongly oc- cupied, and the ^n|rance defended by a large forti- fied stone house^ and a barrioade .crossing the road, and flanked by a building and houses, from which a severe fire was commenced. The advance was immediately reinforced with thecon^anies of Cap- tains Crompton, Maitland, and Harris. The how^ itz^r was placed in a position off the right of the road, at a range of three hundred and fifty yards. Lieutenant . Newcomen being directed to fire round shot into ihe stone building, and batter it down, if possible. On examining this house, Colonel Gore found it to be > well secured and flank- ed, and the incessant firii^ kept up from it, shewed it to be fully occupied . From' the best information xthat could be obtained, the armed force of the rebels in St. Denis was 1,500 men. During these opera- tions, the rebels were crossing the Richelieu, in batteaux, from St. Antoine^but no shot could be spared from the fortified house to^ obstruct their passage. Captain Markham got possession oTj^ house immediately opposite i(f the fortified one, '' driving out the occupants at the point of thebayo- liet; but after this achievement, be was, almost instantaneously, wounded. in three places. The day was now advancing : it was evidetkt that the whole country was in arms, and as yet no impor- tant impression was made on the fortified building, •i LNNALS OP CANADA. 19 though sixty /round shot had heen expended, six only remainirig. The ground occupied couldnot b^ maintained during the nj^hti It was, therefore, necessary to come to some decision, either to as- *sault the house^ so well defended and flanked by other houses loopholed, or to fall back, before the bridges in rear could be broken down. The hazard of a failure, under such circumstances, and the jaded condition of the men, frost having succeeded the rain and snow, and their clothes freezing on them, determined Colonel Gore to M back. Having collected the wounded, and placed them in carts, the howitzer being in the centre. Lieutenant Col- onel Hughes was ordered to take the direction of the rear-guard,- and to fall back. The troopS>c}re immediately followed by strong bodies of the rebels, in rear and on their right flank ; but they were checked by the rear guard. Colonel Gore having observed that a strong force of the insurgents had been detached in thft direction of the upper bridge, by which he had passed in the morning, turned to his left, on arriving where the road branched oflF to the two bridges, and directed his march to the lower bridge, having Ascertained that St. Ours had not been fortified, thus ridding him- self of the rebels, who were skirting his right flank. On crossing the bridge, the Artillery horses were completely knocked up, and two of them fell. The Infantry immediately went to the gnn, and ^very- exertion was made to get it on. The horses of the oflScers, and those of the ammunition waggon were also put to it, but withoqt effect. Th^ r /" ;:>■■-. -L; f •-•'M».i/*»ti'lf*ywii^s,.jiit»^i*[V^^' . ■!■!■'< 20 ANNALS OF CANADA. \. w wheelsV clogged with mud, were now ^ozen, and, lifter seven hoan of severd toil, dnring wMch Lieu- tenant Cobnel Hughes never left the gun, the Medical Officer declared that, in half an hour more, the men would 'be frozen. The gun was spiked and abandoned. Col. Gore then moved on to Bt. Ours, where he had hoped to find the steamWt yarenneaj which was ordered to meet him with pro- visions ; but she had been attack!ed by two hundred armed peasants, and forced to cut her cable and return to Sorel. After passing through the village of St. Ours^ the^. expedition halted at some farm houses, about a mile onwards, where the men were refreshed. In the morning, at daylight, they pro- ceeded to j^rel, where they arrived at eleven o'clock in the forenoon of the 24th. *^ My loss in killed and wounded,*V adds Colonel Grore, '^by the accompanying returns,* is one offi- cer severely wounded (Captain Markhamf), and . II . , ■ I i " — -^-^ -_— _^ — : : ■ ■ ,■ , / * KiLLXD.— 24th Begimeht, one sergeant, two rank and file ; S2ndBegiment, two rank and file ; 66th Begitnent; one rank and file« WooHDBD.— 24th Beginient» two rank and file, sererely ; two rank aad file^ tlightlj ; St2d Begiment, Cajptun Markham, Mvere« I7, but not dangerously ; three rank and file, aeverelj ; two rank and 4Ie. slightly. MnsnrO. — 24th Begiment, one rank and file ; 82d Begiment^ four rank and file (one wounded.) Total.— Killed, one sergeant, firo rank and file ; wounded, one Captain, nine rank and file ; missing, six nuik and file. t One wound was through the right I^, and two on the left ride of the neck. QMofthe balls making the wounds on the neck, wae out out behind the right shoulder ; but the other was not extracted, in oooseguence of ite course or seat not having been discovered. Besides these .O^ptMO M. received a wound, probably from a spttoter, 09 the inside of the right knee, . ■,,_ m:.' *??" '■^■J-^-^ i n - ^ •W ^y—w MfcwJ^itWSM^i'i g i i llifcu . ^ , n- *:*^., w .j. ''■■* " '*' ':.fr./ !fM w iig'»y j) ANNALS OP CANADA. 21 nineteen killed and wounded, and font missing; the loss of the rebels must have been about one hundred, which has since been confirmed. I have n9J, received a correct rptnrn of the two companies ^f tl^ 66th Regiment, but I do toot think- they lost mori^:|han one or two. I enclose a detailed report from' tieutenant Newcomen on the loss of the howitzer j he deserves much pi's^ise for his conduct. In this arduous march, and during till whole of the operation, the officers and men displayed the higfa^ est courage and steadiness, although exposed ta extreme suffering. J am much indebted to Lieu- tenant Colonel Hughes, of the 24tli Regiment, for the advice and assistance I received from him, and hic^ exertions to extricate ttte gun; and also to Lieutenant Lysons, of the Royal Regiment, «ih tached to the Quarter Master General*s Depart- ment, for his zealous and active conduct ; in Cap^ tain Markham, of the 32d Regiment, who led the advance with great judgment, . and was severely wounded, the service wil^be deprived, for some time, of a most valuable officer; Surgeon Famden, Royal Regiment, and Assistant Sargeon Macgri- gor, d2d Regiment, rendered every assistance in their power, and made the best airangements for the wounded." Onthtfsame day that Colonel Gore's division/ had left Montreal, orders were communicated from Head Quarters to Lieutenant Colonei Wetherall at Chambly, to march that night towards St. Charles wi^h five companies, two pieces of Artil- lery, and a detachment of the Montreal Cavalry ; ' »i rir- ^•^«..k«i,A., ',' ;^1 ( \ m f* ^.-J?' AMNAUS OP CANADA. the plan of operations requiring that he should ar- jiye at St. Charles and attack it, at the same time iiiat Colonel Gore should invest St. Denis. At seven o'clock at night, Colonel Wetherall, with four Companies of the Royal Regiment, a company of the 66th, under Lieutenant Johnson, two six pounders, under Captain Glasgow, and a detach- ment of the Volunteer Cavalry, under Captain J)&» Vid, left Chambly, and crossed the Richelien at the upper ferry. The night was stoi^my, the rain fell in torrents, and the roads were i^ bad, that at four o'clock in the. morning of the 23d, the division had only been able to reach St. Mathias, a distance of not more than four miles/rom the ferry. Here the division halted for a few hours, refreshments having hien served to the men. At break of day the march was resumed; but the bad state of the roads im- peded it sa much, that Colonel Wetherall was \prevented from proceeding furtfier than St. Hilaire de Rouville, where he halted during the night, as Well jis on the following day, and ordered Major Wiirde, and the Grenadier Company of the RoyalsJ to join him from Chambly. Thus reinforced, he proceeded on the morning of the 25th, on his route to St. Charles, before which he arrived that day at noon. - The marc^ Was commenced at ten o'clock in the forenoon. All the houses on the road were desert- ed, and all the liridges, five in nnmber, had been broken down. Others, however, were constructed by Col. Wetherall, higher. up the streams, by means of the timbers of the bridges destroyed, and rails -.> I • I ' liririT '.»"i I [ H 'l T ii «,_ K;ag*a '*'" , l»W .i |i> J l | l| I- ) '. ANNALS OF CANADA. 28 9 should ar- ) same time Denis. At lerall, with a company on^ two six 1 adetach- 'aptain Da^* elien at the * rain fell in hat at four livision had distance of Here the Bnts having irthe march e roads im- ;herall was St. Hilaire le night, as lered Major the Royals^ inforced, he m his route that day at lock in the rere desert- had been constructed I,, by means d, and rails ' from the fences. The l9st bridge crossed a deep ravine, with well-wooded banks ; the oppo^te one being barricaded, knd presenting a strong position for resistance. Itvhad been occupied im&ediately before the arrival/of the troops, and the men's dinr ners were found dn the fire. Halfamilefanjher on, the road was again found to fie judiciously barrica- ded J but the spot was deserted. Half a mile from St. Charles, thfc column was fired at from the op- posite bank of the Richelieu, and one man severely wounded. The advanced guard Were also attacked from some bairns in front. The fire was quickly returned, th^ rebels driven back, and two of the^ bams were set on fire. A prisoner was taken in one of them, who was sent into the lines of the rebels with a message to the effiect, that if they would give up their chiefs, the place should be spared. Colonel Wetherall here halted to recon- noitre ; and observing that two guns commanded the road, he resolved to attack by deploying well to the right. In doing so the troops were saluted- With ft loud cheer from the stockade. A constant fire was kept up ffom the opposite bank of the river. The breastwork to the left of the road, or en- trance into the village, was well lined with men. €olenel Wetherall directed one of the six pounders ^ open upon them with canister, and kept their attentioii engaged by extending the Light Com- pany of t&e Royals in frftnt. The other six-pounder was directed against a loop-holed house, to the right of the high-road, from which a warm and ^^<^'v^ .¥ 1 ■ l! ^ ■ 1 y 'iH'-'.. ^m 84 ANNAUa OF CANADA. well directed fire was kept np ; bat the lino bein^^ well protected by a rail fbiice and ditch, no casualty occurred among the troops/ After half an bourns ; work, Colonel Wetherall advanced to ano'ther rail fence and ditch, within a hi^ndred yards of tbe stockade. A party of about sixty or seventy of the rebels made a sortie froni the buildings, and at- tempted to turn the right of the troops, but they were driven back with' some loss by the Grenadier Company of the Royals. The horse of every q^unted officer, was here either killed or wounded. , Colonel Wetherall, ordering one Company to sup- port the gufts, now directed the others to advance and assault that part, of the position to which the above party had returned, whilst Major Warde, with the Light Company, carried the breastwork to the left, or nearest the river, where the Artillery had committed great havoc. The ground on the right was vei7 rough; and although the field was rapidly passed over, yet twenty of the soldiers were brought down. Every building was loop- holed, and obstinately defended, the troops being actually obliged ti|^ fire into the loopholes to dis- lodge' the rebels.* ||Lfter twenty minutes sharp firing, and the buildings containing com, hay, &«., bad caught fire, it was, *^ satm qui peu,C with the unfortunate rebels. Soph of them as bad beea killed or wounded, in the buildings, were unavoid- ably burnt.. Hei% twenty-five prisoners wero taken. Mr. Debartzeh's house Was also on fire, but it was extinguished by the troops ; and Cap-, tain Bell's conj^ny was left in it. Colonel Wether- :X ■/■ '- » . ., .1 rn iii r ■^ ■■ II •' * '*■ I ' — ' i -'T it» iHwf-"! — i.iA. S5 mH then passed on to the church and presbytere, which are strongly situated, and placed one Com- pany in the former and three in the latter. A company of the 66th was posted in two stotte bouses at the entrance of the village, as the ad- vance picquet, beyond which no man was allowed to go. It was now half-past two in the afternoon. No inhabitants were found in the village. At night, Mr. Blanchette, the Cur6 of St. Charles, and three attendants, arrived at Colonel WetheralPa quarters, when he obtained permission to visit his house and the church. He w^w aUoWed to take from the former what he pleased, for which he ex- pressed his graUtude, especially upon finding that none of the church ornaments had been injured. By a journal found in the Curb's house, it appeared that thb rebels had been under arms all the pre- ceding night, in consequence of a ri«8 of Colonel WetheraU at St. Hilaire. At sevei^ o»clock in the •vening, he ordered the troops to i^rch upon St. Charles. They did so for tvro miles,1but returned with the utmost secrecy. By this me^s the rebels were kept on the alert, and their signals discovered. The prisoners informed Colonel Wetheritfl, that Mr. T. S. Brown had commanded them. Before the troops had effected an entrance, however, he had succeeded in making his escape. Papineau, Drolk and others crossed the river to St* Marc, on th«» arrive of the troops before St, Charles. The two pieces of ordnance of the rebels were spiked and dismantled. The breast-work was set fire to. It was composed of trees laid lengthwise, fi { ' " =fe;J-»j«.-=i fJcStfasAi^- a* ' \,- Hp - i ANNALfl OF CANADA. ' the interaticeB being filled up with muH^ and the branches [Irojeeting. It was five feet iili, six feet thick at the base, and two feet tfaicl^^lhe top. The logs Were supported at interTala-'l^jr cross staves. We make the foUowiag quotation firom Cblokiel Wetberairi second oflicial despatch, the first hav- ing beenr intercepted^ and n«pi; recovered :•-- ** On MTiTing At two bnodred anmlK;^ j«rdt from the rebels' worki^ I took op • position,. hopingUkt k display of my.forov would induce ■ Dme defection among those infatnsted people t they, however, opentd • heavy fire, whidi was returned. ,.I then ad* vaoced to another poeitiun, one hundred ymf6»4rtSin the works; hot finding thel deftnders obstinate, I stormed and earri«d them, burning every building in the stockade, •stoept that 6f the Hon* Mr. Debartscb, whfch. howevex; j» inaoh i^ured^^ f he alftdr occupied aboui one hour. Hie slaughter on the side of th» rebels was greil : only sixteen prisonen wer« then made. J hav» counted fifty-si: t bodies, and many more were killed in the build- ings, and their bodies burnt. "My.killed ind wounded are as foUows:~The Royal Begi- ment— one serg^nt, one rank and file killed; eight rank and fil* severely woumied; seven rank and file slightly wnonded. SSth Regiment— one rank and file killed} two rank and file severriy wounded; . ANNALS OF CANADA. 97 dred fighting men, learned on the succeeding night that a considerable body of the rebels had assembled near Point OliVfer, under Sancer, for the purpose of cutting off his march from St. Charles tb Chambly In preference, therefore, to proceeding onwards to St. Denis, he retraced his steps, and resolved to attack them. His march, however,* was so much retarded by the difficuhy of procuHng conveyance for the wounded men, that It was too late to pro- ceed when he arrived at St. Hilaire. But on the mornmg of the 28tb he continued his march, leav- ing the sick and wounded at St. Hilaire, in the house of Colonel DeRouville, and a guard of one Serjeant and fltteen men, ia cWge of,Dr, Sewell, of the ^MoiUiml volunteers, where ivw^^^ they shouW remain until the ice on therirer would admit of their being transported in sleighs J' About a mile from Point OUvier,'' says Colonel Wetherall, in his despatch of the 28th of Novem- ber, the rebels were discovered in a position weU adapted to check my progress. Thfty liad pro- tected themselved with an abattls, and two con- temptible guns, mounted^)n carts. They fled as soon as I formed to attack, reUnquishing their guns, which are In my possession. A few shots were exchanged, by which twomen of the rebels were killed. I burnt a house from which they fired Id their retreat. With the exception of a few stragu' gling shots from the opposite side of the RichelieS, I readied this station (Chambly) without further opposition. I have hrought in twenty-five prison- ers, and propose marching them to Montreal, via *:.- ■■ '■ -«.■ •- -'-'T- '■ -=*f%;Ms^^i '4l ANNAU or C1J»ADA. / Johns and tbo railway, tho day after to-mor- row^ should I not roceive counter orders.'* On the 80th November, the whole of the troops under Lieutenant Colonel Wetlierall) including two com- panies of the d2nd liegiment, who had been de»- patcbed to Ghambly two days previous, were landed in town about eleven, by tho stcAmboat " Princess Victoria," from Laprairie. They brought along with them the prisoners taken on the march to Chambly and St Charles, and the pole and cap^ of liberty which had been raised at that place. The troops, upon landing, were heartily and enthusiasti- cally cheered by the people on the wharf, wbo es- ^ corted tl|em to their quarters, cheering as they went along. During these operations on the Richelieu, and in the absence of any authentic intelligence regarding them, the state of the public mind in this city was such as no one cap describe. Every countenance ^^was marked with emotions of the deepest anxiety; and the only subject of conversation was the hope that favorable accounts mighl be received of Col. Wetherall and his brave* fellows. The last Intel- ligence that had been received in town from that gallant officer was firom St. Hiliare de Roaville, dated early 6n the morning of the' 2drd ' of November, two days previous to the attack apon St. Charles. Colonel Wetherall's despatch, f^om St. Hilaire, was brought to town by Dr. Jonesi on Thursday, the 23rd, the day on which it was written ; no further intelligence was received / of him or from him until the afternoon of Sunday} ;*■■■ ■ AMKAM or 0AW4D4, (9 !J°ih!'.V""A™"'"««' "''""' "I* W" report having been inlercepted by (he rebel., who were every ev! T"*! "»"'"»'.•»<« glL^ned ta WdeeU. ft la well known (h,t the fate of the h.n«uid, of the loyal Inhabitant., dependedZn the .ucceM,or failure of thi, .olitary eip^IC proceeding, of Colonel Wetherall, and it bein« understood that . large body of ribel. wh„ h^ to^t the majch of the troop, from St. Oiarle. to ^hfy, the Lieutenant General commanding J^ ArtUlery nnder Lieutenant WUkin., withaBeld- under Comet Sweeny, to proceed to OiamWr and ttence in «,e direction of BonviUe, for the p^Ze of .opporting Colonel Wetherall. 'jtat a. wK already menUoned, Lionel Wetherril had uS d8p.„ed the rebel, at Point OlWer, and «^.^d > m or n'' "' T" "'"'^ ■> «» ov«.ing7tt. 28th of November, where he met the ,4ifof«e! rtaZ*" -"""^-^ Andthu.rS: hon in that quarter wa.., far cm.hed.» i.„^ t he '^U r ( 1 n ( -I m^- a8sage of the river being intemipted, it became necestary to use the ut- most exertion with a Tiew of restoring 'brdei' in the revolted district. The tro^m baring been called upon to aotjn the dis- turbed district anil to put down this sudden tmdeztenrivdy cwnlrined revolt. We had to contend with great difficulties; ^Mr communications with head quarters baring been com- ^etely interrupted by the armed peasantry assembled on the .-line of march. - 'v'"' ■■" • «• I am much iifdebted to Lieutenant Cobnet Wethendl for his active seal and judicious conduct oft many occasions in which he has been employed at thb oitical period. |^ forward reports of CTolonel Oore ttid lieutenant Colonel ~ •iford the QeetMl Commanding'ini»Chief ' tiie prooeedings^of the de^w^ments under letnms of killed and wounded. * Captain lURcham, an intelligent rMdvedaevare wminds. **1 cannot dose ay despatch without mantioning the «xtr- tions of Captain David and the Montreal Volunteer Corps 32 -^ AKNALS QF CANADA. tions of the Colonial Minister, which^in a despateb^ of the 6th oC December, .were conveyed to His Ex- cellency in these terms : — " If, however, your strength should be inadequate to these objects, you will, of course, avail yourself of the voluntary zeal of such of Her Majesty's loyal subjects as may be willing to serve under your authority, and to submit themselves entirely to youfr orders." On the 30th of November, the day on which Lieutenant Colonel Wetherall arrived at Montreal, with the division under his command, and thcf pri- soners taken at SL Charles, Colonel Gore l^ft thii» city for Sorel, on board the John BuR steamer, with one company of the 24th Regimeat, four companies- of the 32nd, two companies of the 66tb, one com- pany of the '^3rd,^nd a detachment of Artillery, ' and arrived at Sorel that evening, his orders being to move a second time on St. Denis, and to attack the rebels occupjring that village. It was intended that this expedition should proceed up ^e Richelieii river in the steamboat a» far as the navigation wa» practicable ; and on the morning of the Ist of De- cember, an attempt was made to break through the ice with the John BuUy biit after proceeding for about a mile, it was found impracticable. The t^ps> were therefor^ landed, and marched to St. Ours, #he%they halted during the night. Next morning they entered St. Denis withoni opposition, ^^t place having been abandoned ^e jgreceding night» In the course of that and the next day, the property of the, rebel, Wolire^ Nelson, the fortified house from which the troops jhad been fired on in the at- « -li- — w 44i^M ANNALS OF CANADA. 88 tack of the 23rd of November, and all the defences^ were destroyed. On the morning of th^ 4tb, the expedition marched on to St. Charles, where Col- onel Gore arrived at noon, with five Companies and two gnns, having left three companies and one gnn at St. Denis, under the command of Major Refd^ of the 32nd Regiment. At St. Charles, Col . Gore received information that some of the rebel chiefs had fled to St. Hyacinthe, where it was pro- bable, they had established themselves. Agree- ably to the orders whii^ he had received, (Colonel' Gore immediately proceeded: with his force to tlijat place, which he entered in the evening. He smr*- rounded the house where Fapinean usually resided when at the village; but though strictly searched; the rebel was not found. Colonel Gorp was ac- companied by Messire Cre vier, the Cur§ of the parish, from whom every necessary information was obtained. Colonel 'Gore returiled to St. Charles on the evening of the 4th, leaving orders with the force at St. Hyacinthe to follow him thither the next day; which' they did. He then directed two companies of the 83rd to ocqppy St. Charles, with one gun ; three companies, with one gun, to occupy St. Denis, having a detachment at St. Ours ; and taking the- remainder of the force under his command, which consisted of four companies of the 32^d, and a how- itzer. Colonel Gore returned to Sorel, audience to Montreal, where he arrived in the aftemoon'of the 7th of December. The howitzer, which was aban- doned on the road ih returning from St. Denis, on I- - ■■' ' ■■■'.-■ V ■. i i' \ ■ ■ ■ ■ .1 —J : 1^, i - 4 / \ : ,4 J i •ifAijai^ir''ZtJi^ ii • ^ar^t 34 \ ANNALS OF CANADA. i"' the 23rd ultimo, was recovered. An iron gun ^ a considerable quantity of arms and ammuni- tton^were found at St. Denis, and destroyed. lii what direction the leaders of the rebels had fled, or where they had hid themselves, no one could tell at, the^time. If we m^y believe a statemeij^ afterwards published in the United States, by one of them- selves, it would, appear, thit Broyrn and Nelson, With five others whose names had not trans- pired, had left St. Denis on the evening of the 1st December,: travelling the whole night in carls, and directing their course towards St. Cesaire, where they arrived in the morning. Here they Were in- ^ formed, that every pass was guarded, and that they must proceed through the woods, their informant offenng to guide them. They then crossed to the right banlc of. the Yamaska river, and continued walking until night, when they were overtaken by A tremendous hurricane, the trees falling in every direction around them. The suceeedj^g night they also passed in the woods, having kindled a fire, and slept on beds made of hemlock branches. Th^if only food during the day, consisted<)f a few 6mall frozen turnips, '« which," to use the words of the narrator, " the owner appeared to have left on the- field for the gleaners, after the precept of the l,evi- ticalLaw." Next day they approafehed the village of Granby, in the County of -Shefford, wherra guard was stationed. Tlieyiagain retired into the woqds,and discovered, another branch of the Y^ maska, wtiich Nelsqi, though a tall and powerful man, crossed with (Hfficnlty. This deterred bis vLr ANKAL8 OF CANAbA. A 85 companions from following him ; and they heYelost sight of him. After undergoing the greatest pri vfr- , lions, he was some time afterwards discovered an(i brought to Montreal, where llb'^s confined as a prisoner of state. Here also his six companions were deserted by, their guide, and five^of them, being tired of wandering in the woods, determined to^return to the French settlements. J. T. Drolet, M.P.P., who was supposed to havQ been one of them, subsequently surrendered himself, and was put in confiuement in 1;he Montreal goal*. Brown . alone persisted in as direct a course as his safety would admit of, to the State of Vermont, where he at last arrived, after a patient endurance of uur paraltelled hardships. We have hitherto refrained from alluding to one of the most lamentable and tragical events that at- tended the unnatnrrihfebellion of which we give , this brief outline, in oVfler to avail ourselves of one opportunity fot repsesenting the whole melancholy circumstance in consecutive detail. We mean the cruel and barbarous murder of Lieutenant Weir, of the 32nd Regiment. ' . Early in the morning bC the 22d of November,' being the day in course of v^ich the first expedi- ' tion, ^nnder Colonel Gore, left Montreal for St. Denis, by-way o/Sorel, he was sent byjand to the latter place, with despatclJeB to the officer in com- mand, directing him to have two companies of the 66th Regiment in readines's to join the forces under Colonel Gore, which would -leav^ Montreal in the flftemoon by stoambbaV. Lieutenant W^ir travel- vi '/ 'nV \ I •• .:- : l> ■■■,+•■ —■•"^■- [ht —»-■-'■ ■ ^ ■'~ '^ ';■':'■ ■.■■■-} p • m 36 ANNALS OP CANADA. led m a caliche ; but tbe roads were so bad, that be Jhd not . arrive at Sorel, until after the landing at that place of Colonel Gore, and half an hour after that officer with his division, liad marched on his rontetoStDenis. "Finding this to be ibe case," says Lieutenant Griffin, of the 32d Regiment, from whose report we borrow the particulars af this un- fortunate occurrence, "Lieutenant Weir hired a fresh caliche at Sorel, with a driver named LaVal- i6e, (whose deposition has since been received,) and V started to join the troops. There are two parallel roads to St. Denis which converge four miles from ' St. Ours. By misl&ke. Lieutenant Weir took the Jower road, (the troops having marched by the ui>. Pf,) thus he passed beyond 'the troops on their line of march, without seeing thgm, and arrived at St. Denis about seven, A.M. His expression of sur- prise^ iJot seeing- any soldiers on bis arrival at the iilW ^^, I was toW, the first intimation flr. Nelsoi, had, that any-were on their marclr in that direction. Preparations were then made to oppose their entrance into the village of Si. Denis mere in feet, nc^^osition had been expected,) J the result 18 knovrm Lieutenant Weir was made a pnsoner,and closely pinioned. When tike attack was^ commenced, he was ordered under a guard, ^ casting of Captain ^Ibert, two inen nam J Migneau^t, one named Lecou^ and a driver, a la^ nan^ Gustin, in Dr. Nelsonni waggon, to betaken to ^ . ^ carles. On arriving opposite. MWame Nyotte 8 hjuse, (already mentioned) in the outskirts - of the village, the bonds vrith which Lieutenant ?7wi(B»fl!^«ipn.^">,j^r. («,, r ANNALS OP CANADA. 37 w Weir was: fastened, became so painful, and his hands so much swoollen therefrom, that he insisted, as much as lay in his power, on their being loosen- ed. This irritated his brutal guardians, who having him bound and defenceless in their power, wanton- ly struck him with their sabres ; he jumped out of the waggon, and sought refuge under it j he^-was ttien shot twice with pistols, which took effect in his . back and groin, and stabbed with a sabre through the wheels of the waggon, in various parts of the body J he was then dragged from beneath the wag- gon, by the straps which confined his arms, and finaliy butchered." , For many daj^s no correct information could be obtained, with respect to LieuteuMit Weir, although . it wasat once suspected, and, indeed, reported abroad in all directions, that he had not only been mkde a prisoner^ b^t also slaughtered in cold blood by the rebelsVand the greatest anxiety prevailed among the loyal portion of the community, with respect to his fate. ^The second expedition ito St. Denis djsdbs- ed the whole truth. The fqllowing harrowing de- tails of the discovery oflthe body of Lieutenant Weir, we copy from Lieutenant Griffin's interesting state- ment:^ — ■ ■ A- -■: ■ ■ S- ■*■■. ■ At St. Denis, on Monday niornin|p,J)6e. 4th,ft letter was given to me^ receiTed by the Oflfcer commanding, from' a Monsieur , "Joseph Hubert, of St Denis^ mitten from the opposite village of St. Anfbin6, in which the writer stated, that, from what informa* \ ticfla he had been enabled to gather from the inhabitants of St. J?eais, previous to his departure, therbody of the mun|ered off- - \ cer, loeni. Weir, 32d Regiment, would most likely be found on / the shore of the river Biohelieu, behind the hduse of a Madame Nyotte, where there was a smaU tannery. I read th i> letter to "— <»% ^ • Ui • ■■ / 88 ANNALS OF CANADA. f kC*'l several of the villagen of St Deuis, who at once led me to thf spot described in Monsieur Hubert's letter; .and there, in the water of the Richelieu, at the depth of about two feet, I discover- ed a black mass, covered with lar^ge stones, which kept it downr the stones being removed, a bodyj which was lying on its face, rose to the surface, and I immediately recognised it to be that of my murdered brother officer, poor Weir. Assistant Suigeon A. M'Grigor,''32nd Regiment, who was with me, then took charge of the body, and had it conveyed to a house, whejre a coffin was made for it, in order to remove it to Montreal for interment Dr. M'Grigor's statement of the iiyuries inflicted on the body of Lieut Weir is annexed; v On the forehead, there was a sabre wound about four inches in length, running perpendicularly, which penetrated ^p into the bone, and «iirrooading which, there were several small wounds, as if done by a sharp'pointed instrument The back of the head was completely kid open— Uie scalp and bones reduced to a mass of small particles— the substance of the brdn was beat into a mash, and pieces of skull and scalp wei« mingled with it { and on the sides of this opening were severil wounds. , . , On the lefk'side of the neck, immediately below the bone of the ear, there were several aabre wounds about an inch in depth, which laid open the great blood-vessels and the sidf of ike Wind- pipe : the wounds might be abontfoor^da half inches in length. About the middle of the ear, there was a sabi^ wound, about an inch in depth and four inches in length, which divided the ear, and laid the whole (^ that side of the neck open. Hiere #«re two wounds on the left side of the twolc, a little above the shodder blade, about an inch in depth*— also a gtin* shot wound about two inclies belbw these wounds ; the ball pe^e^ tirate4 about balf an inch below the surface. The lingers of both hands were hacked and split to pieioes, as if done by an a«e. *&ome of the fingers, more partiouhriy those of the left hand, were so hacked, that on taidug the body out of ttie water, pieeee of diem dropped off} and in the lift gn^ there was a gun-shot wpnnd— the ball lodged iil the beUy. I, '' ^' '- ¥■ ■^: S *^ — -l^"¥.")i»>-.,«;-(5^l ; , ANNALS OF CANADA.' 39 ■■*-■.■■ ' * ■ v' ■ * ' Thefiineral of Lieutenant Weir took place in Mon^whl on the 8th of December, at twi o'clock in jt> the afternoon, with military honours ; and we may say that Montreal never witnessed so solemn and imposing a spectacle, there being at least^ight thousand persons Tiresent, to pay the last sad tri- . bute of respect to this galTant and deserving oflScer^ ^ *" At ope o'clock, every shop and public. oflSce in town was closed, in melancholy compliment to the occar sion, and as a mark of the detestation in which the. manner of Lieutenant Weir's death was held by every loyal and well-disposed mind. From that Jiomr till two, erowds were seen ia every street, proceeding in funeral pace to the late quarters of Ihe^eceased, near the Barracks; wlple the differ- en|:volnnteer companies and regiments met at their respective places of rendezvous, in order to march to the house where tbe body lay, to take up their station in the procession. This gave a truly mil*- taiy aspect to the town; and a stranger might have been induced to believe, what, indeed, wm nearly the fact, that Montreal was a dty of sol- diers. The lane leading to the late residence *f the deceased, from St. Paul Street, was lined oV either side by a hurge party of the 3M Regiment, resting on tfaeir arms reversed— that most solemn of aU ibilitary positions. Through this part>^ the ^ * procession moved off, in nearly d^ following order : -^A firingparty proceeded in aovincej having their |--«rm8 reversed. The bands of the 82d |legiment, and of the Royals then foUowed, playing the usual mourafal music on anch occasions.*- Next p o«>fi^de d y~^ ,5r ^•*r'\~^n^,^^,'p.i'^.if~T" ' li 40 ANKAlJS OF CANADA. I the hearse^ (bo cap, sword, sash and belt of the ,' deceased bising on the coffin, the sight of which ex- I ^' cited throughout the spectators emotions of the , ) most melancholy description. The hearse was preceded by the Rev. Mr. Esson, the officiating clergyman, in his robes, and followed by Sir John ' Colborne^ the Commander of the Forces, by Colonel Maitland/ Colonel Eden, Colonel Gore, ^nd the " other Staff Officers of His Excellency. These weie followed by the Legislative Councillors in town, the Magistrates, and an immense concourse of such . of the inhabitants as did not bear arms. After the civilians, the varioos military corps of the city moved. The ^rst was the volunteer Brigade, Under the command of Lieutenant Colonel M'Cord, coiislstihg of the Rifles, under Major Griffin, and the ArtiUery, under Major Boston. The Vbhin- teer Cavalry under Major David, belonging Jof* the samex Brigade, were preceded by the Queen^s Light Dra^iMms, under Captain W. Jones— a new' ani^ highly elO^ient body of men. Both bodies of Cavaliy were on foot. Tl^e Montreal Light In- fantry, under Lieutenant Colonel Benjamin Holmes, who had succeedeo^lonel Guy, now Major of the Volunteer Militia, followed. Then came the troops ingarrison not on duly; The whole procession proceeded down the QueW Suburbs, between the opened risks of the Volunteer Companies of the Wards, wbichj after it bad paMed, followed in the rear. An idea may be formeaN>f the concour^Q of persons assembled on this mouniful occasion, by stating, that the road from the Quebec Suburbs to "Y*^" "" ANNALS OP CANADA. 41 belt of the )f which ex- ions of the learse was ) oflSciating ^ )y Sir John f by Colonel e, ^nd the These wei^ rs in town, irse of such After the >f the city r Brigade, ielMeflections at the fate of r^ young man, who, a. 1^, days before, was full of military zeal and %^our^ boon afterwurd^ public meetings were held both at Quebec and in thiifeity, for'the purpose of con- sidering the propriety of erecting a n)on«ment to the memory of Lieutenant Weir; and we under- stand that along with the subscriptions of tfiTDfll- cersof the 32nd Regiment, a handsome sum was collected for this praiseworthy object. We return to our narrative of general events from this sad and distressing episode. On the 29th of November, the Governor in Chief issued a monitory Proclamation to the insurgents, inviting them to re- turn to their allegiance, and offering them, in such case, forgetftilness and immunity for the past, and a continuance of that paternal protection which they had hitherto enjoyed under ^tish sv^iy. Procla- mations were aliso issued, offering rewaids for the apptehension of the leaders of the insurrection, and their djivery into- the hands, of any Justice of the Peace 4ii Quebec or Mont real.* On the 5th of * #1000 was oflfered for the •pprehension of Loaia J. Piq)inc«n, % 1 "s '■-•^»M»^*j^ff>r-.„'?,9^r>C--"!«it*5j 42 ANNAU OF CANADA. h I i: ... ^ t ■ ^^Bs %' December, another Proclamation was issued, decia-' ring Martial Law in tlie District of Montreal, and a Commission issued investing Lieutenant General Sir John Cotborne with the necessary authority to execute it. Extreme as this measure was, no one pretended to deny the necessity of it, considering the insurrectionary state of this district at the time— a strong armed force being maintained od foot in the County of the Lake of Two Mountains, and who had been making preparations for open war. The measure wim confirmed and approved of by the Imperial Government; aid the Court of King's Bench of tbia District, upon an application for a writ of habeas corpw in behalf of some of the State prisoners, vindicated, by a solemn and anani- moas decision, the legality of the proceeding. £500 Beward, eitefa, for !Dr< Wolfred Nelson, of Saint Denis. Thomas Storrow Brown, of MontreaL Edmund B. O'Callagban, of do. M.P.P. Joseph T. Drolet, of Saint Marc, M. P. P. ^ Jean J. Girooard, of Saint Benoit, M. P. P. Willi4m H. Scott, of Saint Eustache, M. P. P. Edward R Rodi«r, of MontrMd, M. P. P. Amnry Qirod, an alien. Jmmi O. Cbenier, of Two Hoontains. And £100 each, for Fierr* Paul Demaraj, of Saint Johns. Joseph lVan9oi8 Davignon, of da da JalieUvOagnon, of L'Acadie. Pierre Amiot, of Vercheres, M. P. P. Louis Perrault, of MontreaL Alphonse Ganrin, of do. ~ Iioais Gaotbier, of da Ilodolphe Desriri^rea, \ «^_.' M i ♦-»,■„<—'<*¥>>* ■f^t''T"7^^W H^NNALS OP CANADA. „ About this l^jme, a report (?«ked cnrrency In th^ Countieaof Stanstoad and Mis^iaquol, which border the United States, that preparations had been made by a band of refugee rebels to Invkde Canada from some place In the neighbouring State of Vermont. Measm-es were therefore taken to organize the volunteers in those parts, and arms and ammuni- tion were sent to them from Montreal. While en- gaged in conveying some of Uiese arms from tsle aux Noil to Bromei M the County of Shefford, through the County of Mlssisquoi, Captain Kemp> who was escorting tlie waggons, with a body of about my volunteers, armed with such guns as could be collected among themselves, was informed, by an eiprew from Philipsburgh, who meThim on the way, that a considerable body of rebels had passed through that village early in the morning, to the State of Vermont, and w6re expected back that night, when it was intended to bum the vil- lage. Captain Kemp immediately despatched mes- ' sengers in various directions for raising men, armed or unarmed, who were to, march to "Philipsburgh, where he had the leave Of Colonel Knowlton, of — Brome, to deal out th^arms intended for his battai lion, should necessity require it. In consequence of the information which he had received, Capt. Kemp left the empty waggons four miles east of Philipsburgh, and struck through the woods, so as to meet the loaded waggons at the head of Missis- quoi Bay, in order to strengthen the escort from CaldweU's iManor and St. Armand West. They then proceeded in company to Philip ahnrgh^ y |iere It ' * ^ ' i \ ' iffi fu m ^'w^y V»»*»«n<' I I f ii I'i tti - ■ iii | i I I li m i t,, , ^ -^ ■ - ii ^ *..; \ ^ 44 '#s AMNikLS OF CANADA. they arrived at fonr o'clock in the afternoon of the 6th December^ aod where they found volunteers as- sembling from different points. Captain Kemp learned that scouts had come in from Bwanton, in the State of Vermont) bringing information that a large body «f men, well equipped,nnd having with ^ them two pieces of cannon, had taken up their i line of mareb for the Province. The volunteers 1 were instantly supplied with muskets and am- ^^munition from the waggons; and ai six o*clock, ii position wad taken up a mile to the ^onth of the village of Philipsburgfa, on the west road . leading to Swanton; After occupying this posi- tion for nearly two hours, positive Information was received by Captain Kemp, that the insurgents had taken the ^east road leading to Swanton. He, , therefore, left a strong guard on the west ro^d, and marched with the rest of his men to a position two miles and half east of Philipsburgh, where he drew up his men on a height to the left, commanding the highway at the intersection of the Swanton road, leadjng north and south, with the St. Armand'^ road leading east and west. The volunteer pickets >«Jbad retired upon this spot unperceived by the inva- ders j whose numbers were ascertained to be up- wards of two ^hundred/ The total force under Captain Kemp was about two hundred, but they were not all present when the enagement com- raienced, many of them having been detached in various directions. The moment that the van of the volunteers perceived the enemkthey commenc- ed firing upon them, without any orders from their •l'^ '-■• "^■**i'im'ifliiw r---tfc 111111^^1 an''*' "^*m im riHira Mi*«WU>«M^'.i ,<' "'V^'V '5l'*-*4,l ANNALS OF CANADA. 47 tributed to put down rcToU on the RicheUeu. Lieutenant Col. Wetherall ipeliks tnost favourably of the conduct of Major Warde, of the Boyal Regiment, Captain Glasgow, Royal Artillery, and Captain David, Montreal Ca^lry, upon this occasion. The service uppn which the trooiM have lately been engaged, has been greatly facilitated by the spiritedand unparallelled exer> tions of the Vip)un|ttr Corps of Mointreal, some of which had oqly been endjriMO^tbin the last fortnight, and his Excellency trusto ftatjMJMU energy, forbearance and discipline which have hitherMPRI^rixed the troops in general, will speedily pqt jm end to t^e deplorable warfare in which they are engaged. JohnEdkk, I>q>y.^t Gfli, V D«»DTr AdJOTAKT GbIIBBAL's OiTIOB, MontretU, February 6, 1846. SiH, — With respect to the communication with you this mdm- ing, it affords ine much satisfaction to have received the com? mands of the Lieuteuant-General Commanding, to assure you, that ^though your s«me did not appear in the General Order of the 12th December last. His Excellency is not the less sensible of the gallantry which Lieut-Colonel Wetherall reports to be displayed by yourself, and the detachment of the 66th Regiment tinder your command, in' the attack of the rebel position at St. Charles. I have the honor to be, &c. John Eden, ZteuC-CiDfoKe/, * Dmy.Adjt.GenL To Lieut Johnston, 66th Regiment We have already alluded to the system of terrorr ism and coercion, hy which a considerahle num^ her of Magistrates and Officers of Militia, in the District of Montreal, were compelled to surrender their commissions; and by which the loyal and peaceable inhabitants were forced to take refuge in this Gity and other places, for the preservation of their lives, leaving their property of every, descrip- tion at the mercy of the insurgents. In no part of the country was the system carried Into eflTect with wore unmitigated rigour and cruelty, t6an in the -^ <"inii >>'•■ ^• ANNALS OP CANADA. I -it if % m . : ~t iDount7j>f Two Mountains, especiftlly at,St. Eug- taclre* St. Bcfnoit, and St. Scholastique. Bands of nocturnal marauders paraded the coontrjr, armed aftd disguised, threatening the lives and property of all%ho did not join them, with destruction ; fir- - ing into the houses uf those who were obnoxious to them ; burning their barns and other outhouses ; . maiming and disfiguring th^ir cattle; and, fin^lly^^ canjrfog away, b^- force and violence,^^ whatever they .deemed essential to their projects of treason and open rebellion. ^ Herej too,*the insurgents had assembled in.greater^orce, and were more fully prepared for resistance, than in any other part of - the district. They fortified themselves in various places, and were commanded ^y Girod, Ghenier, Girouard^Md Dumojiclielle— individuals who were supposeffW have been the most ab^ and active leaders of- the revolt Their stroifgholds were St. Eustachq, and St. B^t or Grand-BruI6. But it was impossible for the Commander of the Forces to spare a suflSciedt numbeAf troops for the invest- '^ment of those places, until the insurrection on the south side of the 3t. Lawrence should be so far qirglled as to admit df the withdr^'ng, frim that quarter to the north, of almost the >^e of the disposable regular force. With this view. Major Reid,of the 32hd Regiment, was directed to pro^ ceed to St. Johps with part of the force which had . returned from St. Charles and St. Hyacinthe, and unite with the companies under Lieutenant Cobnel Hughes, assembled at that post, for the purpose of ^ attacking a considerable number of the inhabitants "vm Wet ''^!. ;•;;■■' , .-. • ^h ^ : ' m ■ • V -^ ANKAM OP CAN^^ 49' of the cdinty oft'Acadiei who had a second «me\ iaieii the fieldy and had crossed the Richelien/and ' joined the insurgents. nnder^uchette, at Swaftton . Ik '?!„y°***^ ^'***®^' :Hre_haK^8eeB,^<«we^~™ inn hr2lltnn« ».^^-^ . •_ _.i.. . .. ' . ^ ' v. ' the brilliant manner in which the,%al poiMlation ofMissisquoi, and the Shefford VoloWeers, had- attached and rented this party of insurgents an# tavaders^ compelling them to retreat into the tJ^itea States, jnth great loss, in prisoners, anns,And moni^ ttons, before they had penetrat^<| a mile bio the ^wqsh^x^St.^and: This eiflioitenaWed Sir ^ John€olboitie,towithdf^w seWicirtftpanles^l^^ »t. Johns, and to inake the iiecwsarrarr^hgemeiit^ forentering the copntj o^tlie & ofTwo Monn; tains,, and finaHj' suppressing tbe^b^Uion in thii Ajscordipgly, t)n the nioniing of the 13th 6f "De- cember, the wbold. of the fbr^jfS, both regulars and voIuBteefSjile^ined. toact against the rebels col- lected at ^. Eustitehe,St.Benoit, and other Places in the neighbourhood of the^: insurgeh^. posts marched out of Montreal, escorted by an 'rmmense concourse of the lo;al 1nhabi«8rcheeri» jthem 111 Jliftmost enthusiastic manner, and warmly wish- ' mg them success and safety. They formed two Bi^es^the first being under the commahd of Coonel Maitland, of the 32d Rggim^t, and^on- Msting «f that Regiment, comm^ded by Major Reid, and the 83d Regiment, commanded byjlkit Colonel the Hon. Heniy Dundas. The Zlid ttigade was under the comnjand of Lieut. Colonel Wetherall, of the Royal Regiment ; and consisted ■«?(» ti- '% ' XT*" 4 1 ■ p f, "a > '*»•'• "«!PW^!?gpWt1.3»>«» *'•■ \ <»^ » 'f]f t'^^^VjF FTW) —^, 'A- J 50 V! _AMMAL8 OF CANADA. v of the 2d Battalion of that Regiment^aQa the Mpn*, treal Rifles; Globeiiski'i ^olonteera having joined this Brigade at St. Martin, where they had been stationed for some days previous, along wjth Gap- tain Birtwhistle^s company of the d2d Regiment, Captain Tanstall's company of the Montreal Volun- teer Militia, and a detachment of Volnntfier Cavahry, under Captain Ermatinger, to protect Lacha- pelle's bridge, and to maintain a comnronicatlon with head quarters. The Artillery, wbidb consist^ ed of six field pieces, was under the command of « Major Jackson. Both Brigades were ordered to halt, and'take up Iheir quarters during the night at St. Martin, a village situated in the middle of Isle .'Jesus, on the direct route to St. Eustaehe, and twelve miles from Montreal. Abo ut two. o'dodk in the afternoon of the same1B)v^be Commander of the Forces also took his departure frbm heail quarters, accompanied by His Excellency's s4ff» and escorted by the Royal Montreal CavafaT' and the Queen's Light Dragoons ; resting with tiie 6x- ;' pedition during the night at St. Martin. Thos, the whole disposable force, Under the command of Hia Excellency, were assembled at this village, on their _ route to-. St. Eustaehe, the principar post of the rebels ; instructions having been previously forward- , ed.to Major Townshend, to march oo the following day from Carrillon, on the Ottawa River j with 4 detachment of the 24th Regiment, and tiie volun- teers of St. Andrews, Chatham a^d Gfienville, towards St, Benoit.;\ ■^"'" ' '4:^^ Doring the absence of the expedition, the ganison / Mi^^^MMMMiSHMhH 'i-^-^-.-Ali-*. V ^-? « « r , ANNALfl OP CANAbA. Al jBty otilontreal w^^j^^t^lBtedt<) the conipanief of the 24th Regiknent mnaining in town, and the different yolnnteer corps of th^city. About ten o'clock at nii^t,of the 18th,intdli«ence had reached the city that a large body of rlsbels were marchinff upon Uchine, with the view, it w;a8 sapposed, of wuing the iurma deposited at that pliOe for tjie Beanhamois tolonteers, and then proceeding with\ them to attack Montreal^ in the absence of the re- gular troops. The report gaining grbnnd, an alarm was soonded throngh the ci|y, and, in an incredibly short space «f time, the wlible Folnnteer force mn^. 4wedjn atms, and proceeded to meet the hsbekin »^^direction whence tl^ey wer^ expected, the . ^ding battalion of volnnteers , inarching to^tlie Tanneries, three mUes oiit of town); eveiy man bWa^ resolved to do hw duty, and give a good my coont of the enemy. Bnt, to the great disappoint- ment of the volunteers, the idarm proved to have been ji false^ne ; and they were reluctantly coin- pelled, afterljeing lyi^r arms during the most of the ni^ht, to retire into quarters, without begt Stifled wrth the sight of a rebel; TbeircondulThOwevW was such as to reflect the peate^t cr^lt upon their oiflcers and voluntee-s, ill of whom evinced the best possible disposition, and, by their zeal, courage ' and activity, afforded ample evidence that the city had been perfectly safe in their keeping. ,j!u !!^ ^'*''^^ «n*l»e morning of Thursdi^ the UA,^Commander ofthePoreeBi left hi^fluattere ' atSt, Bfartin, and crossed the northern branch of the Ottawa Biver, od the ice, about t hree mitei be- J I i ..'.V >' V -*"%*. ;i;, ,:' W?3»!t'-a<|«Wi!'"^;:-:. i^'",V «?»»■.- ■««■■■ i" ' " \ . \ . A^r •■^.-^ 5S AN»ALSJ>F CANADA'. t low St. Eustachq, with the, two brigades, six field-pieces, the Montreal Volnnteer Cavalry, and the Rifle corps; while Captajn Globensky's com* pany of volunteers, attracted the attention of the re- bels by marching in the direct route to St. Edstacfae, dislodging from the neighbouring woods, as they went akmg, some pickets of the rebels, and driving them in, or dispersing them. In iparcfaing np to St. Enstache, which is situated on the left bank of the river, the Light Company of the 32n*d Regiment, with two guns, covered the advance of the troops. On a nearer approach, the rebels .were seen crossing \he ice in divisions to an island opposite the village, upon which orders were given by the Commander of the Forces that itwo guns should open a fire upon them, which bad £he effectof compelling them; to r^ tire into the village. The troops having again advanc- ed in the same order to within si^c or sev^n hundred yardsof the village, the guns took up a position^ and opened a fire upon the Church and the adjacent buildings, the former- appeltring to bQ occupied by^ the insurgents in considerable fprce. Shortly after- wards, a^eeably to the direclions of His Excellency^ Colonel Maitland changed the direction of the first brigade, under his comniand, to the right, the 32nd Regifnent leading, covered by it$ Light Company, and followed by the 83rd Regiment, with the view of securing th6 roads and bridges on the opposite side of the village, leading 40 the St. Benoit road, where it was supposed the rebels would eventually make a stand. By this movement the troops- forming this > division were placed within mttsket "'pi' :■■ :;-¥^'.i '■''?i.-^'-riri-'ir-'t'*rf.. 'i 09»m- ' j »^-''i'""w^mrm II il « li l i l 1 ; | •fMM ASNAU OS CANADA. " /^ .hot Of the village, and found groatdifficilty In ad- vaneing owing to the niggodnc, of theptoaghed 11^ u" ^?"' "'"•* 'P""' ""•» «•« '"Ong fence, which they had to break throagh. They, however, exerted themMlve. to the utmost, and, having takei. PP.je..,on of the road, add hridgei, .ncceeded ta capturing a number of prisoner., who were rnnninir in great coofMion from the vilUge. The object of. Colonel Maitland having been so rar accimplished, . he "•» «det4ehment of the 83rd Regiment to «!cure . M^82nd Kegtoent toward, die Chmy*, and oe- «pW-TOine house, clow toit,on the«)nthwe.t rid« ^i.^ «1 f : ^" '"^^"fl *» *W« P<»««»» for ZSl^'rt."" """*'*'' '■"he ChorchjColonel ttnthmd found it necessary to withdraw Ww. advMced Btuatlod, In coBseqnenceSf hi. ReglmMt hani^ been unavoidably eipo.ed to the iw of the Artillery from the oppcite side of the villwe, a. well a. to that of the rebels. Bnthe detaohSa, ^Grenadier., and the first and recond companies, to |t&vou,^Iepo.ition,forthepuTHMeofinte«epting* Zl^h '•^' '?" »"<*«atted,pt to eickp^ from fte Church ; add i, the- performance of thi. dutyiheypfoved eminently successful, as, ipon the underthe fire pf part of these companies. ' . W«Z!.?"*''r*'lf "^'^ ^e>^.m6^ Lieut. Col.' Ivll^i ' 7 'f '■'''"« *'*'^'' '» Iteir detour of ff Ji^. "i: 'H.''"W»e of ontting off the retreat ' <)fther«liel»by thea.Benolt road, and on arriv- »'■ ■ mg opp o site to d ie centre of the village, ^weredj. ^% , ■» «»,,: y _»*j5urfi 1 A^ »^. . • * ( ♦ > 1 \ u i ... ■• ■■^■, ANNAU OF CAMADl. "ff ■# r .;. •■■ . • -, " 1 ' ■■ . 1^ ' '■■ :■'.-.. ■■■ r - r" ^' 1 1 rected hy the^Commander of. the Fortei to enter at this point." They did so, and having advanced np the main street, leadii|(g to the front of the Church, oc<;npying the most defensihle houses, and meeting with no opposition, Colonel Wetherali reported the circumstances to the Lieutenant Greneral, who desired him to detach an officer to bring pp the Artiilery. In endeavouring to execute this duty, the dlBcer was .driven baclc by the fire from the Church. The Artillery entered the village by the rear, and, at a distance of two hundred and eighty yards, openlsd a fire on the Church door, while some companies of the Royal Regiment, and the Rifles, occupied the houses near the Church, After about im bourns firing, and the Church door still remain- ing unforced, a party of the Bloyal Regiment as- saulted the Presbytdre, killed some of the defisnders and set it on fire. The smoke soon enveloped the Ghnrcb, and the remainder of the battaUon ad- vanced. A straggling fire was opeAed on them from the Seigneur's house, (Mr. Dnmont's,) forming one face of the square in which the Church stood. Colo&el Wetherali directed the grenadiers to carry this bouse, which they immediately did ; killing several of the rebels, taking many prisoners, and setting it on fire. At the same time, another party of the Royals, commanded by Major Warde, and led by Mr. Gugy as a volunteer, entered the Church by the rear, and captured and dislodged its garri- son, setting the Church itself on fire. In these as- saults one hundred and eighteen prisoners were taken. The conduct of Lieutenant OrqiBby, of the soners, and ■i ANNALS 0^ CANADA. ^ d5 Hoyals, who narrowiyx escaped from being killed. M he entered the building, a pistol having been discharged at him, by a reltel standing within a few feet of him, was very conspicuous, and deserving of the report made with resect to it by his com- "*i"^!'^*^''* **'• ®"^^ was severely wounded t ' and the R^l Regt. hammander of the Forces was met by delegates bearing flags of truce from the rebels, and stating that they were prepared to lay down their arms unconditionally. On the line of march, similar tokens were exhibited in rags of something white from almost ^very house, and none of the in-\ habitants were the least molested. When the ex- pedition arrived at St. Benoit, the Lieutenant Gene- ral fixed bis head quarters at the house of Girouard, one of the insurgent chiefs, and opposite to which His Excellency found abOut two hundred and fifty of the rebels drawn up in line, suing for pardon, and stating that their leaders had deserted them. Their request was readily complied with, and, after they had given up their arms, they we^e dismissed to tl^ir homes and occupations, Girouard had .-?> 'tk\' *• INNALS OP Ci ¥^^' but ho wau surrendered tTdu Lac, having niade his 08ca|)« the prece seized a few days afterward^ himself, to Mr. Simpson of Co' vainly attempted to cross over to the United States, and was conveyed a prisoner to Montreal. The entrenchments of the rebels at St. Benolt were destroyed, as well as the houses of the insurgents. On the 16th, His Excellency ordered Ck)lon6l Mait- land to proceed to St, Scholastlque, with the 32nd Regiment, two fleid^ pieces under the command of Captain Howell, Iloyal Artillery, and a detachment of the Queen's Light Dragoons ; while the remain- der of the troops were ordered to march by St. ^t tacbe to Montreal; the Commander of the F^Rp also returning to that city in the aftenioon of the same day, escorted by the Montreal Cavalry and the Queen's Light Dragoons. It is but simple justice to His Excellency to sttt^ in this place^ that during his absence on thisjirdu- ous and Important expeditlop, he directed cons'tani communication to be kept up with Lieutenant Colonel Hughes, the officer demanding at Mont- real, detailing the operations of the troops, and which were immediately communicated to the pub- lic. Id short, during the whole rebellion, His Ex- cellency, in the spirit of his characteristic attention to the feelings of the community, never failed to make known throughout this city and Proviiice, whatever important intelligence reached him as Commander of the Forces. This is.another debt of gratitude which His Excellency has imposed upon the loyal inhabitants of both Province? ; and we 1^ «- -^ 'm ••1 '--^'■. / ■/ 58 ANNALS OP CANADA. have no hesitation in asserting that it is deeply and .-sincerely felt. On the same day, the 1,6th, the Montreal Rifles retorned to town. Next day, at noon, the Royal Artillery, under Major Jackson, came in. At two o'clocUn the afternocli, the Koyal Regiment, nnder Lieutenant;Colonel Wetherall, marched in, amidst theaccjamationsof the citizens, bringing 105 prison- ers along with them, among whom were Dumou* chelle, of St. Benoit, and two leaders of the name of Major. And a few -hours afterwards, the 83rd Regiment, under the command of- the Hon. Lieut. Colonel Dnndas, marched into town, greeted, in a similar manner, with the cheers of the inhabitants, who went out of town to meet the wbole^ of their brave countrymen, and thus thank them for the services they had performed in putting Sown a most unjust and tiiinatural rebellion. "^ .Meanwhile, e^lonel Maitland^ as we noticed, marched to St. ^chojastique ; ;and onapproaohing the village, was met by aboijt three huhdr^ men with white flags, desfring to be permitted to surren- der themselves unc Light Dragoons, who were at- ta^ed to the diyisionj in search^of Scott, and they socc^eded in taking him prisoner. In his despatch, reporting this circumstance, Colonel Maitlund stated, that the march of the troops under liis com- ■ mand, from St. Scholastiqud to St Th6rdse, had heen attended with Ihe best effect. Their appear- anc(3 had stntck terror among the ill disposed, whilst it gave security to the loyal inhabitants, who had ]l)een pillaged and driven away from their pro-^ perty, and who were m6t, returning with joy, from . fdl directions, to the possession of their houses. ' Colonel Maitland also bbWrved that he found the dragoons extremely zealods and |i^^^ and hoped that the Lieutenant General woidd recommend them to the. Governor in Chief for the rewarii offered fQr the apprehensioii of Scott. \ lie r had much plea- sure in adding, that the trodps had condoct^d them- ° selves well, not having committed the tmallest de- predation upon auy of the inhabitants. Cdonel Maitland marched from St. Th6rdsd to St. Miirtin ;. and arrived at head, quarters aihidst the eh*eers of the inhabitants, who lined the streets, at Iftlf-past oiie o*ch)ck in the afternoon of Tuesday, the l^th of December. • , . • - ; . *^ 1. i. /•-■■ -. •; :■ ,■*',■ '" i\ "'i^WBSWw, 60 « ANNALS OF CANADA. Si. V ■./'■ j^ Major Townsend returned to hia quarters at Ca- rbon, on the night of the 16th. , ;t We conclude this part of our narrative with the following extracts from Sir John Colborne's des- patch to Major General Lord Fitzroy Somerset' dated the 22nd of December:— _ "Thegoodresulto of tfiese movementa have been ph)rea by the wtura of the peasimtry to their usefiU ocou^U6n». and the ^ disappearance of armed parties of the ^j^j^ , 5^ -^^^ Ikw ' 'f""'*'y possible to suppose that the loyal and peaceable •ubje^ whose property had been pillaged, and i^&^re! ^^flfered from^e outrages coiamitted by^lPWbel. of Gnmd Brule and the River du <3h6ne. a popukUon of ihe worst . chanwrter eould be prevented, oh being liberated from their op- ** pressors, from committing acts of violence at St Benoifc «U penod, by^thep great exertions, enabled me to assemble the troops promptly. ."'"'' V^iavjtoissure the General Commanding in" Chief; that r i^ S^''**'**^'*»I^'^"P<«»ti<>'^»ooppor^ty force couldjbe collected to mar^h against them, withbut exposing or leaving unprotectfed the important station, of Montreal. Cham! bly, St Johns and SoreL *«, v^uiiui* ^the Deputy A^jutont-General. Lieutenant-Colonel Eden, and n« ^<^ Quartermaster-General, Colofael Gore, and the Officers of my^personalSlaf, and from Captain Poster, Royal » S??!.?"' ^ ^'^^r J~''«>" *»* Macbean. Royal ArtiHery. * and the respective officers - ^ ^The Commissary-General has. by hU able arrangements. '' greatly facihtated the movement of the troops in this district^^ and of the reinforcement on the march fnnjii New Brunswick. . ;*^; my return from the county of the Lake of Two Moun- tains. I ordered part of the 24th Regiment to proceed in sleighs to Kingston and Toronto. I find, howeyer, from my repwts from TWonto, that the loyal Upper Canadians awi^ tod^fend their institutions, and to insure the pi^ervation of pubhc peace, without the aid of Her Majesty's tro.>ps. -r^r w s.^ * ANNALS OF CANADA. 61 "I cannot .close this di»p«toh without mentioning that all the corps of Telunteen of Montreal have occasion^ly 'token the duties of the garrison, and thus enabled me to leave «ie town under their protection. ^^a.^ **Fmmtbel«ports and comjpdunioationh from every district, order has been restored." ' /^Q On the night of th6 4tK^of December, 1837, the inhabitants of the ti^ of Toronto were alarmed by the intelligence, th#'a body of about five hundred armed insurgents w^re approaching the city— that they had mnrderft^olonel Moodie,* a gallant officer, and highly respecjtabfe gentleman, while proceeding to Toronto, with intelligence of the designs of the rebels— and that they had made. ■ — ~~~ ~ ■ ' -.'' '. ■ ' — — '.,. — ■ .m . ■ - ' * Colonel Moedfe was a man of active hi^i|s and a, vigorous frame, and from long residence with the Army in c£la, pre- " vious ta the general peace in 1816, was wri^ inured to the cli- mate, and acquainted with the country tnd people. Colonel Moodie was a native of W*t Fife.* He entered thearm^arly in life, and served in many of the severest camptigns in the late war. He was wjth Sir Balph Abeicrombie In Egypt, and was then a Captain in the 51st— a Regiment which was so dr^dftil- ly cut to pieces amongst the sand hills; that of a few who ^ survived, scarcely one «8caped unwounded. His transatlahtio service precluded him from earning the glories of Waterloo. Having attained the rank of Lieutenant jCoIoiiel, in the 104th, he served in Canada during the short American war of 1813, and - having been conspiciious in many minor aflfhirs with the enemy, ifvas dUtinguishcd at the battle of Queenston in the summer of ' 1814. Having retired from the Army, he became a resident in St. Andrews, for the sake of the education of h1s*family, in 1822, and continued there till he.lefk.for Canada, in April, 1835. The following gracious and kind expression of Her Majesty's 1^ sypajiithy with ty bereaved family of the late Colonel Moodie, . has been communicated to the widow by Sir (>eorge Arthur': and, in the midst of their distress for the loss of their late snp- » // -♦ -g, ^ I -ri-V ■•■^^^[^S^jivfsrii;.^;: -.•♦^, I: !.■>; 62 » ANNALS OP CANADA*/ seyeial loyal iiubjects prisoners. The avowed' ob- ject of the insurgents itas, in the first place, to bum the city of Toronto, to rob the ,bank% to plunder the inhabitantsj to murder the*Ciieutenant Gover- ; nor, aiidalt the^Goyemmei^t and Municipal officers; 1 aoi tben'ito procUim the independence of the Pro- i vince. There wer^no regular troops at this critical - Iperiod in Toronto, nor in any part of Upper Canada, ^ in consequence, as we have seen, of their httvingbeen drafted away into Lower Canada, by mutual agree- ment between Sir John Golbeme, and Sir Francis Head. But in a few hours after the alarm ta which ■ • ■ .. ■ • ■ ■ . 9 jporter and protector, most have prored gratii^og to tli« afflicted relatives of that gallant aoldiet:— V • yOoTBmuirr HdVBif^ I 4prilKl698. . Madaic,— I haTiB the honour to transmit to yon, by command of His Excellency the Lieatenant Oovemor, an extract of a despatch which Hw Excellency has recently .received from Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies, in which His Excellency is directed to ftbnTey'to yoa the expression of Her Majesty's sympathy for the lamented loss of Colonel Mo<6die, aloss which, I am desired to assure yoa, no individual in the Colony more deeply regrets than His Excdlency the Lieatenant Govemor. I have the honour to be. Madam, your most obedient humble servant, ^ Z'.'".^',. •'■.■''■'■;'. ^'Joutfn*"^ Mrs-Moodie.. .. '^' "'/-'-■'■■'■'', '^- '.:;'', '■'•■:.'"■■ J :- " The Qaeen has learned with deep concern the inttrder of Gplonel Moodie, in his endeavour to apprise/ the Executive Qot> emmeHK«fi| tbe. preparations which wi^ u progress amQng the ' Insurgenttj and I am commanded! to convey tUroUgli ypn to Colonel Moodie's family, the expression of Her M^^esty's symp»> thy with their loss." In addition to tiiis, the Legislature of Upper Canada has se(> tied an annual pension of £100 upon Mrs. Moodie for Ufr. ^.1. "v '■Jm . \ ANNALS OF CANADA. ' 68 we have alluded reached Toronto, a devoted and- respectable, though undisciplined fo^^^ was col- lected inA armed in self-defence,' and awaited the threatened attack. The insurgents, however, fail- ed to canty their intenti9ii8 into ezecniion, intelli*' gence having reached them that the Inhabitants of Toro|lto,^efeinfonned of their movements, and had determineia to/giv^ them the reception which insurgents and plun&ers deserved at the h^nds^ loyal and well-affected subjects. Meanwhile, news of the insurrefetion having been st)reiid through* various parts of Upper Canada, the people poured into Toronto from all qftarterq, with the view of opposing the insurgents, *vho obtaiiied no increase' of numbers ; but, on, the ccHh-ary, were deserted by- many of their body^ conse|^ce of the acts of • dftvastaiion and plunder into wSich they had been ^forced by their leaders* Thus an 4tver^helmin^ force was collected at Toronto ; and, o(ptte 7th of December, marched agftinst the in^urgehts, under the immediate command of Sir Frauds Head. The insurgents were attacked by the loyalists, and di»* persed without the loss of a man. Many of them were^taken prisoners—som^ of them surrendered themselves to justice— and their leaded fled in all directions.^ ■ \ '■. ,:■ ■ - -.« '-/■:■;,■.:'.■■■■-- It was ascertained about thiii time, thata similar insurrectionafy disposition had been m^fested in the District of London ; and it was discovered that about three hundred persons had t^ece |^en assem- bled in arms, under Dr. Duncombe, a native of the United States, and a Member of the Provinci^ il ."r. ■.-\ I .1 I' -I ^ 1 T*^^^*^— '-I '•')■ -i V-fri^?i>i 'nl^ m :,' } .r befo%'.b|i(^m;|o.' _ loD) aad'comp^i^ fifil^t ,,^/A Militia forc«|of abdnl ) imibediatelj se^into that loaned by allf^tfoyal ih- |li# f^ ' ^*'*^»**!^% ^' theiP iwrc^ed^ect tl^ lliirasion P^iJw^'^yf^: :^ Canada, bjr an armed force, composi^d of the ' Jw >^ J \ ^Hi^ns q^ a connt^^ peace, ' and' of establishing in thesfe Proyinccs o( theLBritbh ^ dominions/ what yf^ tJ?rmed by^the insni^ * brigands a Provisionalv Government, a ^ V ' Republican jtt|itution8. With thi 1 recruits wt^jppisted^^YoInnteer com ed) and arms, ninnitions, aiid provis led' by contributions 'openly made, "deadly war resounded through the jand; brigand fancied himself a hero a%d a Accordingly, on the 13th of December, some hun- dreds of tho citizens pt the State of New York, joined by about twenty desperate Jpitives from the Province of Upper Canada»ppenl | M jt cd them- ! i. ;i I .' ■^'■ t(BrcnV 1 i-i ,; MUM.:: X^ SB _ .^y. *^HiJi or cjLSABA. __ fc^Wlvei,'and iBvaded thai Province by UkiDir nov I «e«»«n of Navy Wand, where they intrenched themselves in opposition to the laws »«1 authority of Gwait Britain. A few day. afterwards, a Pr^- cUmation was issned « by order of the Committee ^ the Provisional Government," and signed br Maekenz^, as « Chairman, j»™ ^pon," ^^uing three hondred acres of the most valnable lands i* Upper^Canada, to each volunteer who might join . the -Patriot Forces,'» encamped on Navy Island, and a hundred doltar, in silver, payable on the flrstday of May, 1838. In a short time, thb law- less band of pirates, for they can be called nothing: else, obtained from Jtoj^^nals of the State rf Ne«r roric,.b3r the connKance of those in ch«il several pieceay artillery and other arms, which were openly transported to JJavy Island, without any resistancefi^m the American authorities. The people of BoffaTo and'»be,,dj««,tcbuI!tryconU- «..d tosupplyth^fM^^im^XMtd \ additional men. eallsted in tfieijfera® Theirulti- mate objett^as, of cour^ to effect a IdM^ jl ^ force, upon the Canadian niain land. B^nX to cojipteract such a mVement, « body of MilMi^ w^ l^ily collected, aud.taUdiled o^eS^^ tot under the command of Colonel KennetkCaoie^ - ron, formerlv of th* 7Qrt. ni.j...-.! " 'sV*"'^»?V ron, formerly of th« . 79th Highlanders, ajd 'Olonel MacNab, S[*afcft- .: segaently under of the pouse of '«l«H||>ho received 'ord^ii «ct o» the defenstve^P Meanwhile the pS tK '.f "r "P?**' »''«» 'f ordnwil K th»<;anadi»y.,horfa'^fchbthicklv.«itl^hr .!? ^v f^'- ■m X J' ■■ if J- li ji:.. V ^l. •;:: !1- \ ;^ ••■V ^ AN«AJL» OF CA|IADA part of thye country, and deatroyect much property the distance of Navy Island from the main land being only about six hundred yards. The piratea also fired repeatedly upon our boats. They still continued to receive supplies of men and warlike stores from the State of "New Yoric, which .were diiefly embarked at a landing placemen the Ameri- can main shore, called Fort Schlosser) fieaj^Iy oiH posite to Navy Island. ^ ^ ! • On the 28th of Deeembe^ositive information ; had ^n given to Col. MacNab, that a small steam^ - , bo?it,n»Iled the Caroline, had been hired ^7-^^ * pirates on Navy Island, and wa8to.be emplofOTin^ carrying caniion and other stoi'es, and in transport- , i^g men aild provisions, from the shores of the United States to Navy Island. He resolved, if she camet down and engaged in this servic^; to take - and destroy her. She did "come, down, agreeably to the information he had received. She trans- ported a piece of artillery and other stores to the; ' island, and made repeated passages during the day between the island and the\Akerican mdn s^re^ appearing nnder British colours. Col. Mac^atr i^iherefore determined upon cutting her out;|tffd^ V accordingly fssued orders to Capt Drew topro^d with a party of volunteers to execute his desijp.. On the night of Friday the 28th of J)ec€anberi about nine o'clock, seven boats were maiiilea. for this purpose, having /hine. volunteers in each boat,' ~ commanded by an officer. The boat%* crews con- sisted partly of hardy veteran^ who had retired ^Zfj from their country's service, but 'who, in the hour V y^ :-A., .,-ii-v,« \i '^.: I AUN^LS OF CANABA. 67 ' ■■ . " ■■•'.■ 4 ■ . . , '" of danger, once More flocked around^ita standard, and partIx.of ^irited young men, determined to follow the .example of their "seniors in defence of , their rights and the honour ©(their country. The boats left Chippewa about tea at night, and pulled op stream along the bank ; but finding it too de- . dious and fatiguing for his brave fellows,. Capt.^^ Drew ordered them to get on, shore an^ towilie • ' ^boats. When the Wats hall in this manner as- v^ cended the i;iver to near tbe place called "The viBe men, Impressing upon them the necessity of sUence £ind coolness iu an expedition like that in V which„th6y were engaged. The word was then given to push , Off, jttn order that was obeyea With 8teadiue8s«nd ^kr%,\ *« And who," records ke . document from whFeh wfe qu«te,« "amongst the boats' crews will foi^l that moment? It wJuId be vain^in me to attempt to descrilie it : those duly who have been in hair-breadth 'scapes can under- stand the feelirigs of the gallant band. The B alls pf.Niagara, a milejnd a half below, on the one side, and the ^Ofght of the sentiy's fire on J?e JtWr, when y^ knew that one word spcken " loud5» wonld bring the guns to bear upon us ; and ' that,ontheothe5^aiid,abrokettoaroradi8a)led ^ l«)at would have^t us to explore tha^ye^^u ifit- thomed deep, the Tails of Niagara I" iriiJex: peeted that the Caroline would, have been^lmid J. "'^^^'^y Navy Island; but s he had leftljpt:^^^ few belonging to the BoJF^ ^ ' ^ ?. ^i 1^ .Ti .«; s' K ,; -Sff'* I r*iv^. .^-.■\,-«- ANNAU3 OF CANADA. , - .NN .,.- «' ,"*% c- • fv'- ,f ' '^ , •V )( ll'- , and roturned to Schlotser, whifher the ceoded in pnrftiilt of ber, the crews potiing qnletty as thef could up the creek. Upon ap- proaching the Caroline, Capi. Drew's boat was cballengiBd by the watch on board, but no reply •was miide. The sentry, pr<|^ably imagining that it might be a friendly boat from Navy Islandi a|^ peare^ not to have been alarmed, at no* answer '^ being ml^ to his challenge. Perceiving the boats, ' however, dfSpping dose alongside, he A^ain sang out ; bat r^eiyfag na satisfactory answer, the tmth bnrst npoa himr fl»| he fired ^8 musket^, bat ' without injogr to any onef'-IFhe Caroline was then immediately^l|ar<)M( ,Pap#^ew tilling the first man who planted bis foot upon her deck. The ^ combat was i^uH^at short, ^d nqthJog^i^as heithl -^ .bnt the clash ofwnns. Capt^H^Corma^ waslred 4' and the balliiadsed thrQMli'his left arAfyb^^ knlf of tbH^nHl Wiih his. eaUass, he ^eft the* skal we: beti^lc the ite wretch wai jjthe* iiLlleallack. Cant;Warren ly woutioM^' from pehihd, whilst o ^iid ^th An enemy (n front. being now completely desf^rted by ^pt. J^rew gave orders for nnmooring ttiog her on fire; having previonsLy 4e^ery part of the vessel, and fonnd that th^reWas no ehemy on board pf her. Immediately nponaccomplishii^ their object, Capt. Drew and his party returned to Chippewa, where their friends ' held put a light to direct their ^o^e^ and where were received wnidst the hearty ■ cheering of " -r - „ # »^fe. ANNAL8 OF CANADA. 68 their eomrftdds In arms. MeanwhUe the burning steamboat giided into the carrent, ftd was carried down tite stream with great rapidity, a blazinf column V lurid light, until quenched in the foam and enveloped in the thunder of Niagara !• L t&*..(I™»<*««? »»>«* •ubHinlty of thia Men*, U to hspplly Bnil IHftttMJjy„p^^l„jhe following •Uniitt, txinoML from m Ewni mMr». QiiMnna MoBdie, of Upper Cuiadm upon "Th« araln^B the CMoIloe," thmt we bave inflnite MtiefecUon ia g*»Hig tnVt • piece in this note, m (he best description which we cen p res%|t o our>eaderB of a gnuid spectacle, to an ample d^^^^PW * ** ^'^^ "*"' ***" powers to be totaUy in*- Fivm jiMp murky shore, WhafVBfon vesi^l glides, ^^ . ' Stemmm the nnstemm'd tides ?T^ ^^-- , , Where madd'ning breakers roar. > .. In hostile surges, rouind her path, ', Or hi»s recoiling from her prow, y * ' . •^r?*'**' '^•"'K' •t*ggers to their wrath^i . - \vvhilstdistlint shores return the glow That brightens from her burning frame. And all abore, aroiud, below, -' la wrapt in ruddy flame 1 Sail on I sail on! no mortal hand Directs that Teasel's biasing course I— The ▼eogetaoe of an injured land Impels her with resistless force. 'Midst breab^ wave and fiery gleani, r A O'er-canopied with clonds of smoke, ""v V, Midway she stems the raging stream, * ' -^ I ^ And feels the rapid's thundering stroke: Now buried dee^, now whirl'd on hiffh, • . - She stmsgles with her itwful doitfn) ' v" With iVftqtio speed, now hurries by ' To find Vwmfery tomb I" ,. ■- ..'"^ t. '.'■'-. .." "'. <■ ,• to! poised upon the topmost sttrge. She shudders o'er the dark abyls, '*'* The foaming waters round her hiss, * ■',■■< And hoarse wares ring lier funeral dirge; ^- ? ' » Th^ chafing billows round her close : Ik^' j - ~ But, ere her bnming planks are riVen,- 3^ '" Shoots np one ^ddy spout of fire— ^ , ? * Her last &rew«ll to earth and hearen-- Down, dowif to efUless tight she goes. n m a w tl i a t — 1 * »«^» k»» jk ^ — ^t =-= — z J':- So m ay the trai t o r' s hope extMe,— S9 perish all our country's roes I - ^^Kf% ¥ w.. ^fl I ^•-■- . ■ -*•■• ■■ .1 • ■ ■• . ■ . '•■ ■ . ..■-.-■ .- •j:..:' - . I" M' ^i-; ( :t- i^-'.-/:^ fO i^NAU) OF CANAUA, 'file Gov^r^r'of the State of New Yo^ pre- tended to consider tliis destruction of the Caroline tM an invasion of the territory uf the United States, notwithstanding the obvious necessity of the act ; but the British Government promptly as- sumed the responsibility of it, and, in a despatch from the Secretary of State for the Colonial De- partment to the Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada, His Excellency was commanded to convey to Col. MacNab, (he Commander of the Militia force on the Niagara frontier, and by whose express orders the Caroline was seized and destroyed. Her Majesty's gracious approbation of his services, and Her Majesty's satisfaction at the courage, spirit and ability which he displayed in the transactions in which he was concerned on the^ frontier : thus approving, in as positive terms as approbation ■could be expressed, of the destruction of the Caro' linej notwithstanding the' complaints of the Local and General Governments of the United States. Nor is this all : the honour of Knighthood was con- ferred upon CoL MacNab by his Sovereign, as a token of Her Majest/s approbation of his services \ an honour well bestowed and meritoriously earned. It is only necessary to add, that the rebels and brigands assembled on Navy Island, unable to withstand the cannonade opened upon them from the main land of the British shore, on the 12th and 13th of January, found it necessary to evacuate their position on the island, and to disperse in va- rioUs directions on the frontier of the United 'States. '^ ■ ■ : : ' . - ' ". ' . AMNALI or CANADA. n In the sister Provinces of Nova Scotia and Nevir Branswick, the most enthusiastic support was of- fered to the struggling loyalists of Canada ; and the Lieuten ant-Go vcrnorsy in their animated ap- peals to their respective Legislatures, and the an- swers of these honourable bodies, only echoed the warm feelings of the people. 'fHanks were voted^^ by the Legislative Council of Nova Scotia, to Sir Francis Head, to Col. MacNab, and the Militia of Upper Canada, for their gallant conduct in crush- ing in Its Infancy the rebellious attempt in Upper Canada, and in exhibiting a noble example of the spirit with which Her Majesty's North American subjects were determined to preserve their connex- ion with their Mother Cf^ntry, and to put down all endeavours to weaken or destroy it. 4 We cannot omit to mention in this place, that the mariner in which the inhabitants of Halifax, and almost the whole of Nova Scotia, entered into voluntary subscriptions for the 8liB|^im)f the w^ives and families of the soldiers who^%^'i|een marched off from that Province j in the ihidst of winter, to put down rebelliori in Canada, reflected the greatest credit upon theii* humanity and munificence ; atfd will be a lasting memorial of their loyalty, as well as of their veneration Cur those institutions, civil and religious, by whiei alone British subjects can be rendered truly free and pernaanently happy. Early in January Intelligence of this gallant spirit reached this Province, and the natural conse- quence was the infusion of new vigor into the arms of the already' determined supporters of the . ^ -V- t •i • V J'v r 72 ANXAL3 OF CA17ADA. k 1r L--^ dignity of the Crown and the rights of tlie peopled ;^ The straggle of the Anarchists was now, however, altogether hopeless; "' / It v^af generally understood afbng the frontiers 4)/ ^ Upper Canada, that a large body of the ii^igands, who were compelled to -evacuate Navy Island/ had proceeded to the State of Micbigs^, and ass^mblf d .in the neighbourhood of Detroit, wherer 4hey c61- ■' lected a quantity of arnis and other military store's/ and endeavoured to organize an army of what th% denominated " Patriots,'? with the vie,w of invading ^ the Western feistrict of Upper Canada. Here ' ^ . they were 4aid to -have collected a moHey force of . from a thousand to twelve hundred men, the nnture and object^f whose intende(^i$pedition against ^, the loyal inhabitants of the ^ter Province was > made manifest by the Proclamations of^ their Qom-' > manderirlChief, Sutherland—a sample of wMch* we here, transcribe :— ' . ' A PROCLAMATION. /. ■ >■■■:■. , • ■ . J, ^ :...■■ • ■ , ': ■ "^ TO tHE FATBlO'TIC CITtZBRS OP DPPBX CANADA. ToU are called upon by the vmoe. of your bleeding coiu|try to Join the patriot foraes, and flree your land from tyraniiy.^^ordiB •of worthless parasites of the British Crown are quartertfd upoQ, y^°/lfeif^^^'°°''' yg"*^ su bstance— -to outrage your righ^8-4o let hi^MP^pbn yotiraefencieles^ wives and daughters a brutal gol- Mny, - ' , .. *•'. ,, ; ■#•... ■/ ."-■. Kally thed around the staiid«ii;[| of Liberty, and vicio] glorious future of independence will be yours. ^ ^'js i^' ■''■"■ Thomas J. SuTHw . •■•■•• ■. ■; ■•*»•"■■ . _ . ■ , .>/-.- .- ■ -.■ -'■■ Bi Commanding2nd Di^^ion Patriot Afi^i 'Head Quarters. 2nd pirision, ) Bois Blanc, U. C.,^ January 9th, IMS. i ,fcv :_^^ :,-,.,?; I., V ■*», v^ /'» -i ,. ■■ ■»'l«»» J I " ••<•»*». ANNAtr OP CANADA. ,, .73 ' PROCLAMATION. ' V . wjoa^. we «^. <«-, fo,1^X^"Xl' riJff,'^^"* '"V-^'WI b. protected, dl j,i„ jri«u P^tandlioiiorableteiftire. ^^ * ««" 07 » pjrm*. - ««»t>dHfid K^^*'**^" °^ :«•• ^*^ ^ soldiers jUre^Iy «»«>^Hfc^ora^n a.ve ypunKri^es from confijcatj . •iMse» and aU wUI bo weU with ydtt. ; ■ • ■■' :--■''■: ^.'.■''^■'/ ■■:::■■■ ■■;-:' ;: .v^ Thomas J. Soiheblakd^ * ' \ Head Qnanen, 2011 tMfiaioo,' 1 • '^. • ^■Bta»,_U.«,Jmu«iJ,I0tl^ 1838./ ... *hi8 worthn,^yled himself "Brigadier Gene- r^ Gommaading 2,^Divi8ioB, P«t/ot Army m ^ and I i«id_t»j4 led »loo8.^.„d wapdSiwA l.f.i, a88fl«>!Dg, by t„rD8, any oecupation orTmpS ment capaMe «f aToMing him the "scanty meaSsIf ..dissolute existence.- He was a naUvi «f the C.TT^ ipW.which snffidently acoonnts for the.tol«¥le softness of the -coipposilii of his M d^e^fe and despatches, ulXC^ «eUer, ^ho had assamei to bipself the style and •«■ V- f * <■: ^iL I r , 1 I 1 ■ M ^i S' »^ ARNALS OP CANADA. title of « Brigadier General f fujd who seems to have beea tbe most active and enterprising of the two chief ofiicers of the invading army. He was- a British subject, and was bom in Ireland; but. after residing for some time in the Colonies, he finally emigrated to the United States, where he endeavoured to establish himself in business, prm-v cipallyas a mescal pracjltioner, being gener^ly designated as "Doctor Theller." At the period lie was metamorphosed into a General, he kept an ^ exiensive grocery storein Detroit; and did all m . hi power, it ia said, to render his establishment gubservient to the nefarious traflSc in which he had engaged, as a leader of brigrands and meroenaiy plunderers. The more subordinate officers of thisr body of marauders, consisted of a « Colonel" M^c- kinney, a theatrical amateut and manager of De- troit: a "CotoneP Dodge, and a " Captain" Davis, of the Infantry, and " Colonel " Brophey of the ' Engineers ; and, withal, to use the^ words of Sutherbnd, in a despatch to Van Ken88elaer| »* Commander, in aief of the Fatriot Forces of ^ Upper Canada," " many other gallant and spirited officers ; all of whom were gentlemen of character, possessing high notions of honour and integrity,^ heart and soul in our cause, and of the highest pro-W misei"-.' ■■.■.■■•-:,■. "/:■■■■- :-S:'\ J -■-■"■ On the 7th of January, Sutherland, to use hi» ' own expressions, fbund himself «a| Aeheadof a very respectable and gallantband of armed Patnots,, ready to do or die.'' With thte force, early in the morning of the 9th, Sutheriand, by mean? of m ■ .-.li. Y^%:'-,j,.r, view they despatched the armed schooner Anne, un^- der the command of Theller, to batter ^e town of Amherstbui^h. After havift^ cruised for some * time up and^pwn the river, l)etwee| the island and the4own, sh6, at last', and as it began to get dark neared the panadian shore. On receiving infer- <^ mation of this, Colonel Jladcliffe, commanding in'" the Western District, reinforced his- guards and pickets, solely composed of the lojal inMbilnts of Amherstburgh and its neighbottrhoDd,;and caUed the garrison,' if so it may be termed, taarihs. By this time the piratical schooner again paai^ed the town, into which ak^ threw some round shot and f >* 4 }■ '4 1 ,10 I h I ■Mj' y '■ V. / •**, Lr*: ,r8" i f^ ANNALS OP CANADA. ' 1.. ■• "».- .. „-"'» * »■/ ■ '> X '>■'„ .~ ■' ' k •.-■; ,. ■ "■.. .*»'■' '• • _■' t, n k ^kmSAk i' I'm *^; and CJolonel Badcliffe, fearing that she. Sd land an armed force at a place^called the Foint, opposite to the Light House on Bois Blanq, ordered his men to proceed in that direction, where, he had before taken the precimtion of placmg a guard, reinforced by an outlying picket. The schooner tben cameclo^e up to the shore, and com- menced firing grape and ronnd-^hot, a« well as - musketry. Upon this the MiUtia opened a brisk fire upon her; and, running aground, she was im- mediately boarded, althougb the men were but indif- ferently armed, i^nd «P *« *J.^^r"^^*i^!^.t^^^^^ While in the act of boarding, the Militia found Theller reloading a ph^ounder; Gaptain Lang boidly approached the:S^n, and took t^^^ out of its moutW; wl#e, at the same time. Captain, Ironside, of the^MiiS^a^pnlled down the flag ott^^ • schooner ; and thus tlie 4n«e was gallantly boarded and captured W a few brave militia volttnteersim- .perfectly arm^, J>Ht"who were deternjined that no foreign foe shoild plant his foot upon their soil with impmiity. Besides IMler, twenty pi'^tes were fbund on bo«td, oi^«f ^1«>«^^^ ^"^S* "^jj three WounM. The schooner was ^^^ ^^\ . three pieces of cannon ; m^ aboi^ two hiiiidred stAAd oif smaU arms and other munitions^of^^^r, as weU as some stores, were ft)und;on boardof;^> all of which being 8e<^ured,and the pnsoners to^ght ashore, she was'set on,^re/^.^(»C?^ P^^ besideJ theUer, werr t)odge^:J>aSis, «rpphy, M* ^ ^ ^therland, '^^-^^J^^^ J^i "4 '» -?^-*|- •" "-V*;i.' ■ ), *>■. ...4 that she. ialled the [)isBlatiq, on, where, placing a et. The , and com- § well as id a brisk ° e was im- ebatindif- the water, litia foiind tain Lang e cartridge le, Captain^ flag of the Uy boarded dnteers im- led that no lir soil with [rates were killed, and irii^d with ^0 hattdred onsof wjyp, oardof^; lersbrflr^t le irs. Bropbyiand 'Wt' )ci-:--:. &•>•,■ -^ ■ '.■ % jrr .4 - * * - £ Blanc had been rendered untenable bythefatfero of Theller»s attack npon Amherstbnrgh and the ■ capture^of hfs armed schooner, deemed it prudent to evacuate the island, and to effect a retreat into the Michigan territory. So disastrous a termina- tien of this expedition of the American- brigands ' * for thfelnvasion, and conquest of Canada, seems to " i' haye inspired the authorities of Detroit with some- '-. sense of their dutj as preservers of international ^ ^ peace and harmony; dnd accordingly we find, tfidt^ two days afterwards^ upon the appearaice o^ •" Sutherhind and Mackinney in that city, they were both arrested on a charge oC contravening the laws of the United States^, in lending aid to a kM party- hut although Mackinney was bound over to appear ^ some future occasion, Sutheriand wa» ^t at lj})erty, on pretence as it was asserted, // there be- ing no evidence to authorize tm dttention or com- mitment, v ' " MeanwEile Tbeller &u4 t^w Mow ^mners were conveyed from place to ^m^,, mS m»»y to Toron- to. There Theller, being a British subject, was tried for high treason before the ^;fnrt of High Comiaission and Oyer and TeraMiiWl. /y)nvict€d, and ordered to be executed on Ae tm of April, m^tought up to receive mti^m^fh^ addressed, ^,.„ .. ihe Gour^ at great length in m^^t // jfidgme^. •: T^" OK^, , He toiitended that he A?t^^^ aJ'ea and not «|li- ' ^ ^* ^ tish subject/ and oo^sequWlJr not iiff}^^^^ jflnsdicUon of the .Gourt3feief(^ whic* m ytMm iiied.- H^Mated^at & Ia#^r «^%pa ^n. ti^ #asiinji^t, tyranol^ a^^p^^^i^^ t ■^ \ ' 4 f'l .,•%•* u" »'j^ ..;/? • « "«'"." '^'f-^^^ /• *» : itealso vr" /H-- :-/ ^^ 7» » ' ANNA^iS OP CANADA. Tg^'-Ze r^fc of olden timfes, six centwies ago. ili^/Wntained, that lie could liot be fiuilty o^ Jiig| 1^/' treason against Great Britain or her Colonies, beip^ '^ a citizen of tke United States, and having reiiounced his allegianco sixteen years before, by a sqlemnoath in open Court ; forgetting, however, that tf British subieet carf never, under any circumstances, re^ nounce or divest himself of his allegiance to his So-, vereign. Theller concluded by praying ior thne to enable him tolfay his case before Her Majesty s / Oovernment in England. Whether his request /was granted,^e know not; but lie was shorUy '•^ afterwards ripri^ed,>nd his sentence was filial^ commuted to transportation. Foi that purpose he ^ eonveved, along with ccrt^iin other prisoners convicted of similar offences, to/Quebec, and stricUy confined to the citadel of that celebrated fortress ; from which, however, both Mmself and Dodge con- trived to effect Jteir escape In the month of Novem- ber, and, by tfifprei^ei^d aid and conmvaiice - of some disaflfected per^ns at Quebec, to find tbeir way back into the Wtiited States, notwithstanditag . Wutmost vigUanceonihe part of both the civil and nlilitary authoritie^. Of his singular escaj^ I 1 T^ has published/a long account, which, a^ ■ ' though it deals someAftt in the marvellous, is said ' ta contain many aith^ntifciacts. Immediately npon ^ Ws arrival in the liriited States, he resumed his ^ pldprofession of a biigand, and became an itinerant lecturer in the great cause of « sympathy.' Ha^ . ing said so much of this bandit, we may be permit- : ^ . ted to' add, that he has all the appearance of one. % ft ^ 'f ' " .. " ^ . "^v, ^)- iw; ■ tT I Ji-'' . " IJTNALS OF CANADA. 79 He is short in stature, but stoutly made. Wi' tiountenance is round and dark, with eyes that at once display the duiracter and propensities of a bold, reckless, arid insolent marauder, without com- punction or the smallest ^ark of generosity. li is here incumbent upon us to state, that up to this period, being the middle of the month of Jan- qary, and even to the very day of the departure of ^^e Earl of Gosford from the Province, Addresses /continued to be presented to his Losdship from the Freflch Canadians, expressive of theii loyalty, and attachment to Her Majesty's person and govern- ment, and their desire to perpetuate the conneJtloii so happily subsisting between the Proviitce and th^ Mother Country. These Addresses were esJiniatM at the time by the truly loyal inhabitants pf the Province, at their proper value ; knowing, as they did, that they could be of no importance wfaatever^ except to an individual like Lord Gosford, who had «o deeply inyolyed himself in the meshes of the Canadian faction j that he mistook an avowal of loy- alty, no matter from what source it came, for the * real sentiment, and foolishly enough imagined, that this parchment loyalty would be suflScient to shield his weak and injudicious policy from contumely^ and his reputation from obloquy. They also knew that those, who had recently and of a sudden becon^e 80 vociferous in th^r loyalty, did not, in fact, know the real intent and meaning of the word y that many of them had^ not long before, been irarms against the Sovereign, to whom they had vowed u^ierable attachment; and that the time^ might m%%e far ./ yk: I " i "im M H 1, r'-i'i' .'if' "i U: ^%i» ^1^: ,|jj ^ 4:!-. r^t/-. 1 X; - , - h.- - '^% '%■' m ANNALS OF CANADA. !■ \ ■■:"-* •Vi, * ' at* distant, when they should once more exchange the pen of attached and obedient subjects for the cxtermi- nating sword of traitors and rebels. The event has fully justified the surmise, as we shall find in the sequel of these annals* ' < On Sunday, the 2l8t of January, tlie waters of the River St. Lawrence suddenly rose so high as to inundate a great portion of the city and suburbs of Montreal. The whole of St. Paul Street, Grif- fintown, the Recollect, and part of the St. Antoine Suburbs, were covered witb water to the depth of several feet ; and in this vicinity, the river i^as not known to have risen so high since 1787. Many houses were consequently abandoned, and the oc- eupiers of others were oWiged to take refuge in the # upper apartments. Almost aU the streets wluclii had been thus overflovni, were traversed iftyboats and canoesy^aiid fieveral ferries estabUshed from on» place to another. Next^«ay, however, the water ■ was hozin over, and the ice became sufficiently itrongtcr admit of travelling by trains andcartoles. Much aiidihreparable tosi ^t property was sustain- ed fbmtlsAliindation. Mjiny poor families were not Q?^ dBvl» from" their" tombte homes, but lost , Ihe^all; i^d^bai notice eharit&ble disposition of ^&ei#morelbrttti^fai(W^fcitiaens b^^^ promptiy %ferpo8^iii.tfe5ii^beJial|many^. lives tnight also ha^ Beet^ lost.. ; Ke^r JB^ MlKpi^serancl-judi llflldngS ^ and p#6 desatutfi suf- |p^;U^6iihe£|^^ m^m for, ■■)'"•■- ■ :V".-,M %':\-y.. < . ti- ^ . ,:•»-*«'•;■ "... .-j; i,. ■>,(■» ■' , !'' '. .. m Cbl. Vvv Pra earli fellc ban drei proi ' oft •:! II ■.-. ■.! -'.-.J; I •■;"(■-■■ o<' ' ■■■ •:■ (■'•■; fs '■■■'- m / »}^.v 'M » 1 ANMAU OF CANADA. II . i^lf On tire 4th of Febuoary, about three hundred of - »'fii}<^ Glengarry Highlanders, under the command of . (3^. D. Macdonell, marched into Mo'ntreal from 'tipper Canada, escorted by the Queen's Ligh| IJragoons, the Rifles, and the Light Infantry, who, early in the day, had gone out to meet their loyal fellow-volunteers. They were preceded by the band of the Royals, and the pipers of the St. An- ^ jdrew's Society of Montreal, alternately playing ap- "" propriate national airs. -Next day, another body of the same hardy sons of the Norfh, consisting of about five hundred, under the command of Col Alexander Fraser, marched into town, escorted i a similar manner by the Lachlne troop of cayalr/!| and the baiid of the 83rd Regiment. Both parties Blade a formidable appearance, and were heartily welcomed and cheered by hundreds of our fello^^ citlsens. As soon as both battalions Were suitably clothed and armed, they were marched to the froB- • tier, where they continued to do duty as regular- forces till the latter end of April ; when they re>||. turned to their homes, after having performed the service required of themt in a manner which reflec- rted great credit upon their loyalty and discipline ^ On the X9th of February^ subscription lis^ opened in Montreal, for presenting a testi the gratitude of the inhabitants to Gol. We of the Royal Regiment, for his judicious at St. Charles, as more partic\]larly desorib^ i' our account of the taking of that place in Novembe' 1S37, after having been fortified by the rebe^ ; conduct, the moralefrect^^f which was prodQcUvd I m^ •I ■ i^i v.^ ^^-.v 82 ANNALS OF CANADA. n :<,i- "*»; of as much benefit to the Province, as the exploit, itself will reflect . lustre on the Oritish arms. A few days aftfer these lists were opened, they were filled up to the amount required, we believe, of about j^400 ; and, at a meeting: of the subscribers, it was agreed that a piece of plate should be pro>- sented to t diately, of it: can^la grenadier of llant Colonel. Orders were imme- ed to London, for the manufacture s formed in the shape of a grand ,0 plinth of which is supported by a Hoyals, an artilleryman, and one of the Montreal Volunteer Cavalry. Below, on one side, is a highly-finished chasing, representing the attack upon St. Charles ; on the second, the arms of Col. W^therall ; and on the third, the fol- lowing inscription : " To Q. A. Wetherall, K.H., Lieut.-Col. 2nd Batt. ls# Royal Regiment, the Loyalists of Canada present this 'Testimonial of Gratitude, for bis important service to the great catise of British connexion, in the defeat of the rebels at St. Charles, on the 25tb November, 1837 ; to which, by its moral influence, may be mainly as- cribed, under Providence, the speedy arrest of in- surrectionary movement : and of admiration of his wisdom in conduct, his gallantry in action, and his mercy in victory." Thjs magnificent piece of plate was shipp^ on ^f)oard the bark Colbomef Captain Kent, which sailed from London on the 30th of August, bound for Quebec and Montreal, with a very valuable cargo and several passengers. The Colbome experienced a continuation of adverse .winds ; 1)ut liothing of consequence bappieued nhtil ■IL 'fiiS ':,■;:: jr. ■"•£!i %>•» r J- V . ANNALS OF CANADA. f */.'■■■ the I6th of October, when the cry of " Breakers^ ahead 1" was heard from the men who were at Work on the foroyard ; and, before fief course could bo altered, she struck on a rock at Macque- reaux, on the north side of the entrance toJhe Bay des Chaleurs, and in the course of the night was , upset, burying in the deep the whole of the crew and passengers, corisisUng,Q|fiTty-four rouIb, with the exception qJ the second mate, ^ght jof the j handSj and three passengers. Some days afteiv | wards, the Colborne was towed in shpte, and amon^ the articles which had drifted from flie north side of the bay, from the wreck, a distance of about sixty miles, picked up by two of the French inhal)itants, and promptly placed uu^er the charge of Mr* Deblois of Bathurst, was the case containing the intended testimonial to Colonel Wetherall ; the whole of which, straiigfe to say, being discovered - to be in a state of perfect preservation. As soon as the navigation of the Sts Liiwience was open in. spring, the valuable donation ^as Torwafded to its destination, and forthwith .presented to the gallant Coloneli as a just tributi to his taefitorious con- duct, from the loyal citizens of Montreal. Xbat he may long and happily .enjjiy tlie possession of .the gratefhl gift, is, we are | sure, the sincere wish of every, loyal subjectln Lo^er Canada. At thi<, time," intelligence bad been received in* the Province, that the Earl of Gosford had been recalled "from the Administration of the Govern- ment ; and that His Excellency Sir John Colborne, the Commander of the Forc^s^ h^4 been appointed M. ,/ :^v ■ 1 I 1 ■ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I 1 ■ i^-:: 1 JHHI 1 ■ 1 ■ ■ ■ 1 ■ ■ 1 1 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ^*- i . .j ■•, , ■ '; ^ 1 I I P t . 4 .' ".■ ■ ' • • ^ <•■ 4 S , V ■'■■"'■.•■ 1 w ^ • ■ -'^ « A /^ • ' to / v> . * ..-. ■ . » ,'■ < ' , . ;■ ^ ^' ' ■ ■ , ,.-■ "■■,. ."■■" :■:,-.: - • -■.-■■* -.^ . - .T " , 'Si - 1 » f t * ■ • ■' ■ ' ■ '. 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' "■■•■■. ■ .■■ .■ ■;-' ''.■■..■; ■■-/.;. , i^if . ■ ■ 'S^ / * ■ ■ , • (• / /':.■ -•". * , '".' • ' ■ ■■. -4 * ■ ■; '"-.-. ■•"- ■'■'■ : • •• ■;, u ■ .' . -"■ ■ - ■: " ''" - i' r,/' '^"- , 'f ■ ■ - :s' " ' . '■■ ■ . » ■ ■ ■ f ' ■ ■ . 'V / ■ • / . '■. * ■ ■?- ^ - ^ ■J ' ° \ ' • ^, — r •: ■•■^ ■ , ^ '" -•'' . / '^^^ ■ . . />'.. ^ 0- 1 . - ■ ■■'' _•■,-■ *■ ^■■.^•::v'-i§ T ' . . f ■ y- . ' ■ . ' ■ -. ■ ■ . ;■■-,_ • ■ , ■... ■_ *»-. / » 'A' ,..,■„• ,- - _ ' ■ ■„ ■ i ■ .^ v »sr«:- ^ rf*"- :.M r- 'z iH t) 1; J^NILSJOF CAIUDA to sQcceed hiis Lord8l|ijg; It i^ nnnecesaaiy to re- call to the minds ofojof readers, the joy which this intelligence diffased thr6ughont all classes of the joyal inhahitants of the Provii^ce. The task which we have assumed to ourselves, h rather to record events than to express opinions ; and therefore we shall not be tempted, on thei present occasion, to draw an invidious distinction Wtween Lord Gos- f0rd and the eminent and distinguished Officer by whom his Lordship was succeeded in the Adminis- tration of the Government, with the tie w of ac- counting for the spontaneous joy to which we have ^luded. It is sufficient to observe, that, after dis- jcovering, at the latest possible period at which such ii discovery could be made, that neither his own, nor the policy of the Imperial Government, by which his conduct had been regulated, was calcu- lated to obviate or suppress the revolutionary pro- jects of the House of Assembly, and its myrmi- dons and supporters without. Lord Gosford, in a despatch to the Colonial Secretary, dated as far back as the 8th of September, 1837, requested to be relieved from his station as Governor-in-Ghie^ in the following terms:— " My situation now is not an enviable one; and, on every private consideration, I shall g£ldly relinquish it. It is probable, and,/ indeed, reasonable, that, if malters'faere should come to extremities, you would prefer to have a man m my place .who has not so avowedly declared his wish to canyon his government on the principle of condliation/V When the Frencb-jbanadians/Were about to assmne arms in vindicati. Debartwh, George Femberton, Louis Panet, F. A. Quesnel and WilliaA Sheppard, with Mr. G. H. Rybnd, Clerk Assistant, awaited tL\s Excellency's arrival The Council being formed, a letter was read from the Earl of Gosford, announcing his intend-^ ed departure from the Province on the morning of that day, when, of course, the Adnunistration of the Government would devolve upon Sir John Colboriie. The usu«l oaths Wefe then administered to His Excellency, and afterwards to the Executive Cowtcillors. The ceremony of the installation having been com- pleted, two l^oolamations were approved of ; i^nd d^patches frwn the Colonial St^oretary read; after which. His ExceUenoy retnrped to his own residence, escorted as before. The Royal Artillery, who were drawn up on the Champ de Mars, fired a sahite when Sir John Colbome left his own house to be sworn in, and another when the ceremony had tenniilated. k^ < miversal 'rovince, 8 Minii)- ciples in It. The isistency ras well believe, in Lower ilicbear- nal rale, ndnct in reasons, 'atulated rted by the >vernmeiit- lODor, cdii« Dt, and the he CoancU Execu^re ', Pierre b. laesDel and Assistant, 1^ fonned, a his intend- ' that day, a^nt would 1 Were then ) Executive : been com- dMpatches ExoeUenoy TbeBoyal ATS, fired a be sworn ■■r4 ^^r^ ;■•■■ -, .,:•. _■- .■ ... . ■ ; 1 1 ♦ • It .^ ANNALS OP CANADA. 7. 87 themselves upon the auspicious event which had placed at the head of their distracted affairs, a good man, a distinguished officer, and the saviour, under Providence, of Lower Canada, from the final miseries of an unjustifiable and unnatural rebellion. In token of these sentiments, the city of Montreal, and various other towns and villages throughout the Province, were illuminated on the evening of the day, on which Sir John Colborne was sworn into offlcie as Administrator of the Goverament— notlcfSMjIgrateiul remembrance of his past services, than^flpely anticipation of his future conduct both^Givil Governor and Military Commander. . Theiity of Montreal, in particular, presented on this joyful oceasion, a scene of splendour and magnificence which was never before witne^ed in Lower Canada; and which reflected the highest credit Upon the taste, and honour upon the loyalty and public spiirit of the citizens. 1 We observed at, the time, that it is by spontaneous actsof this kind, the real sentiments and feelings of awholepe(^le can be best demonstrated: and that, if it could 0, possible to convey to Her Majestjrs Ministers eveifv but a faint idea of th« spectacle Which this great ' and populous *city presented on the night in ques-/ tipn, it would Yead to them a lessonlas to the fuftire/ which could not do otherwise than redound to their own honour and the glory of the\ Empire. The whole was a scene truly British in heart and spirit. The dark and gloomy vista of the past was forgot- ton, for a while, amidst the splendour that reigned around; and nothing was heard during the whole / ii n 4; V V ifci^ul ■''-wA«rA ^44t^ *\'- ■W " " Ifl i: Hi t ) 88 " ANNALS OF fiANApA. eveniDg, bnt the goond'bf innocent joy, Wi^al enthoaiasflii and the most deyoted loyalty to our beloved Qaeen and country. It is scarcely neces- sary to add, that Sir John Colbome never wavered in bis public career, betrayed his trust, nor belied the anticipations of Her Majesty's loyal subjects in this Province. About the 25th of February, information had reached head-quarters, at Montreal, that six or seven hundred of the rebels, who h£cl quitted the Province in December^ 1837, and who had for some weeks been cantoned at Ghamplain, Ghazy, and Plattsburgh, in the United States, were actively employed in concentrating and equipping them^ selves for a movement towards the frontier, having been liberally supplied with arms and ammunition by their partizans in the States of, New York and Vermont, taken, it was said, from the arsenal at Elizabethtown. They crossed Lake Champlaiii^, accompanied by a nimierous train of sleighs, with fifteen hundred stand of arms, ammunition and three field-pieces. They proceeded to Alburg, in Ver- mont, and entered the Province on the 28thj halt- ing at Weeks* house, about a mile from the fron« tier-line. This body of the riebels were chiefly Gan&dian hdbila'M from the CJounti^s of X*Acadie and Laprairie; and were commanded by Dir. Robert Ifelson, late of Montreal, and Dr. Cote, of Napier- Tille—two refugee rebel leaders, who had never ceased touse their utmost exertions to involve their " native country fii the miseries of internal comm(^ tion— whom experience cannot reach, whom mis- ;Wi)Bfiial Ity to oor jly neces- r wavered ior belied abjectsin utioti had it six or aitted the 1 for some lazy, and i actively ig them^ iTy having imnnition York and rsenal at bamplaiii^, ghs, with and three , in Ver- 8th,halt- the fron- re chiefly L*Acadie hr. Robert f Napier- lad never olve their [ commoH' horn mis- ANNALS OP CANADA. 89 fortnne cannot soften^ and whose fdlly^al insujrgent chiefs, could only have been surpassed by theit per- sonal cowardice^ and their treachery to ||k)se igno- rant and deluded men who were ind)CM;ie r * ^ ' :.:-i .'. ■«: .-1J i,] ,/^ ■^... 90 / ANNAM OF CANADA. As soon as it was known where Nelson and Cote had crossed the frontier l|ne, the Miss^qnoj Volunteers, with their nsnal zeal and ajfiwrity, assembled on the flank of the rebels, and wem pre;/ pared to assail them in a manner worthy of the brave and loyal subjects which they have always proved themselves to be; bat thejr were directed by Colonel Warde, Inspecting Field OflScer, to de- lay their attack till the arrival, from Henry ville, of the Queen's ^ps, under the command of Colonel Booth. The rebels and brigands availed them- selves of this opportunity to recross the frontier line, which they did on the 1st of March ; being obliged to surrender their arms, amunition, and equipage Canada to the best advantage. According to agnreement, Mackenzie, with ylarge force, and well provided for war, took up his march towards Upper Canada on Friday morning i his army was safely encamped near Gammoque, about eighteen mHes be- low Kingston, and last evening a slip from Montreal came to hand, saying that he ^ad taken Kingston. This news, we are assured, was confirmed by a despatch from Sir John Colborne to General Wool, at Champlain, this morning. ^ On the first report of M'Kenxie's movements at Watertown, «ll the spare troops possible were s(bnt oa towards Upper Canada, and this morning we hear that Sir John is on his way thither, having taken the l&rgest number of regulars he could with him. We have so arranged that Wool and Colborne are under the \ firm persuasion, that we have secretly sent on onr men and \ means to the assistance of Mackenue, and this is confirmed by the apparent absence of our men and ampiui^tion. We are in- formed, on this evening. Wool will move west, to guard the St. Lawrence frontier, disregarding us— that will much facilitate our entry into Lower Canada on Monday night and Tuesday morning. Our force is abundant for our pnrpose^and, if you can posi ribly co-operate, our success will be of easier attainment. I )fi and s^qaoj off tbe always (irected , to Se- ville, of Colonel ier line, obliged quipage greementt kr, took up i his army ) mHes be- ll came to [latch from s morning^. iTatertowii, er Canada, ay thither, t with him. I under, the : men and nfirmed by We are in- lard the St. h facilitate d Tuesday ottcanpos* linment. I ANNALS OP CANADA. 01 to General Wool, of the United States Army, who had pursued them from Plattsburgh, and hjjd pre- viously, it is said, warned them of both the folly and unlawfulness of their enterprize. Nelson and Cote were arrested, and delivered over to the civil authorities of the tfnited States ; but they were soon set at liberty, upon finding bail to take their trial for an infraction of the laws of those States. W^ believe that it was during this incursion of the rebels, under Nelson and Cote, the first of his ''State" documents which were made pub/ lie in the Province ; but whether they were very widely circulated or no% we have been unabl^ to ascertain^They were evidently the production of revolutionary madmen and disappointed traitors. As to their composition, they are altogether beneath the dignity of criticism. They are as devoid of would advise ypu to make your way with all possible speed to Three Rivers, if you have men enough, where we shall, by rapid moTements, join you, after having secured Montreaf— if your Ibrce is insufficient f ters until you receive instructions— if again your force is still less, move on with what you can muster, to Missisquoi Bay, St Johns and Laprairie; collect all yon can of fire «rms. Papineau has abuidoned us, and this through selfish and family motives regarding the seigniories, and inveterate love of the old French bad laws. We can do well withM^ him, and better than if we had him, a man oyly fit for words, but not for action. We have the most positivy'assura.nce of a lively and cordial recepticn on our arrivaL We have named yon > Captain, but I do not send the oommis- sion now, it is unnecessary. Yours truly, •| BOBBBT NnLSOM. J. B. Ryan, Esquire, Derby Line. I ■H 2SsaiCfcS»?*S^?SW«fe?:^^ «*ftW^^—^i^ A 92 ANNALS OP CANADA. k-l literary taste and acumea, as of truth and common sense, and therefore not worthy of record in these pages. About the same time that the rebels and bri- gands had entered the Province from Alburg, in- formation reached Stanstead, that a horde of ma- rauders had enteted the Township of Potton, in that County, from Troy, in the State of Vermont, with the intention of pillaging all the arms they could, and laying the whole of the surrounding country waste. Upon receipt of this intelligence, the Magistrates of Stanstead despatched a messen- ger to Sherbrooke, for a reinforcement of a body of Volunteers ; and in less than twenty-four hours after the ordefto march had been received, almost the whole disposable force of that section of the Eastern Townships was quartered at Stanstead, where they were received with great kindness and hospitality hy the inhabitants. But the enemy had not made his appearance in that quarter ; and tU Volunteers returned to their respective quarters.* Atf Potton, hgi/Jrever, a search was made by the brigands for arms. For that purpose, they at- tacked the house of an old man of the name of • The following is the Brigade Order which was issued on this oocasion:— • ,,.»». j •• Colonel Heriot returns his best thanks to Major Austm and the Queen's Mounted Rangers, also to Captain Brown^ndtjie Sherbrooke American Rifle Company, for the tcalous and mill- ta^-like manner in which they adtranced from Sherbrooke to Stanstead, upon the alarm on Wednesday last; which Colonel Heriot will not omit to report to His Excellency Lieutenant- General Sir John Colbome." " '■ \ , ■ ' . ' ' ■.■..'■'■■' >0 ' — — ANNALS OF CANADA. 98 common in theso • and bri- burg, in- ie of ma- otton, in Vermont, irms they Tounding elllgence, I messen- a body of )ur hours d, almost on of the Jtanstead, dness.and nemy had ; and th6 quarters.* ie by the they at^ le nainc of ssudd on this r Anstiii and 'own.^nd t|ie ona and iniH> therbrooke to hich Colonel Lieutenant* Elliins, who, assisted by bis son and grandson, then in the house, nobly defended himself. The two latter fired down a staircase, and killed an American, as ho was rushing up with a firelock in his hand. After this, a mob of about flflty in number levelled their muskets at the house, threatening to fire into it and burn it to the ground, if Elkins and his family did not immediately give up their arms« The old man, becoming afraid that his little grand-children might be killed in the assault, consented to surrender his arms; when the parties went away,- carrying the dead body of their companion along with them. On the 22nd of February, the birth-day of Washington, it was discovered that about four hundred American brigands hid been concentrated at French Creek, a village on the St. Lawrence, in the State of New York, about twenty-five miles below Kingston, and nearly opposite to the town of Gananoque, oi^e Canadian shore. They were under the command of Van Rensselaer, who' had escaped flrom Navy, Island, and of the notorious William Johnston, who had long been' a renegade from British justicci, and of whose Sovereign he is an unworthy subject, though long resident in the United States. This motley body of unprincipled plunderers crossed over from French Creek on the ice, with several pieces of cannon, and took posses- sion of Hickory Island, near Gananoque, which place they menaced with an attack. But the alarm being given, the Militia and Volunteers of the adjacent country from Brockville to Kingston \W : f'^ J— - ~ . i_ 94 ANNALS OP CANADA. h i>- i >v4 flew to the post of danger, determined to defend their country and their property from the graap of these ruthless freebooters. A brave and loyal band, under the command of Colonel Hartwell, being formed in the neighbourhood of Gananoque, . advanced to attack the enemy on Hickory Island ; but intelligence vras brought in that the brigands, alarmed at the menacing attitude and formidable^ appearance of the loyalists, were fast retreating upon French Greek^ and that Hickory Island would' soon be evacuated. And so it was ; for as the loyalists advanced, the brigands were seen disper- sing in all directions. Five prisoners were, how- ever, made during the flight, and some urms and ammunition seized. A few days afterwards, two hundred and fifty brigands moved from the vicinity of Buffalo with three fleld-pleces, across the lake, in the direction of Point Ablno, about thirteen miles from Fort Erie, on the Canadian shore, ?md nk far from the Western Locks of the Wclland Canal. But they were pursued by Col. Worth, of the United States Army, and dispersed. The next of that series of corablifed attacks made upon our frontiers by the brigands of the United States, took place by the invasion of Fighting Island, a part of the British territories in the West- ern District of Upper Canada, and situated in the Elver Detroit, which connects the waters of Lakes Huron and St. Clair with those of Lake Erie. This island is sometimes called Turkey Island ; it is about four miles in length, and situated nearly . I C'dirfs. . --TV 1^ • — •- • .Ji ANNALB OF CANADA/ 95 \ midway between AmherMtburgli and Sandwich. The island is low and hiarshy. On the 28th of January, Major Townshend, of the 24th Ryglmcnt, arrived at Araherdtbdrgh, hav- ing command, with the local rank of Coloi^el, of a detachment composed t)f one company of the 24tli, and two of the 82nd, wtth two six-Ronnders. The march, as stated by Col. Townshend, in his dev^ patch of the dOth of January, was performed with greater expedition than had been calculated upon, from the bard and broken slate of tl\e roadiij and ihe necessity of keeping to the waggons, which were constantly breaking down. Upon arriving At Amherstburgh, Col. Townshend' found an Ame- rican steamboat at the wharf, haying on board Lieut. Col. Worth and a detachment of United States troops, together with other official charac- ters employed by the United States Government for dispersing and disarming the brigands on their northern frontiers. Col. Worth had obtained the leave of Col. Radcliffe to come to anchor at Am-, hergtburgh. In consequence of the inclemency of the weather j being on bis return td Buffalo from Detroit, where he had stationed fifty men, with fifty more at Fort Gratiot, for the purpose of check- ing the movements of the brigands in the neigh- bourhood. Col. Townshend waited upon Col. Worth, and was Informed by him, thathe believed the excitement on the American side hiid greatly subside^ and that the'invading banditti had been totally dispersed. But this statement, as we shall soon find, proved to be incorrect In fact, though, as V ^ 4 =^ > o # .^ «-'; h ■■ .- / I / 1; c:> ^':. V: iV'. 96 ANNALS OP CANADA* stated by Col. Tojynshend, ijt. appeared to have been made in. candour and good faith. Trusting, however, to the report of Col. Worth, and tp cor- responding information received from other sources, ' Col. Townsh^d permitted Col. Radcliffe, who commanded the whole Militia and Volunteer corps on the frontier of the Western DistrictV to allow as many of the men as possible to retuVft to their .homes and families'; a permission Which was judi- ciously exercised, without impairing to any consi* derable extent the locaiforce on the Amherstbnrgh and Satfdwich frontier," ' " » Op the afternoon of the 24th of Febrimry, infor- mation reach^? Sol. Maitland, of th#!i2nd Regi- ment, then at Amherstburgh, and commanding in » the Westeim District, that a body of three or four hundred pirates from Detroit, had taken possession • of Fitting Island, being well provided with arms u^ahd stores of «very description, and, withal, in possession of three field-pieces. Col. Maitli^nd was jtlso informed that reinforcements of men and arms • were momentarUy expected on the inland, to strengtHen tfad|piitioDr%4he brigadds. Fearing that such would dipinbtless follow:, if means were not , taken to dislodge them, he determined to lose no i time in sendihgii*4etachment of troops to drive the ^ brigands off thjE^ inland. This detachment was en- trusted to tji^ command of Col. Townshend; and the service required of it was performed in a man- ner which reflects the highest credit on that excel-/' lent officer and his gallant band. On the night of thev^th, he proceeded with an escort of the St. :ft.r.^li.;: ,_-.;,.-.•>.: ^.40U r -I' ANNALS OF CANADA. 97 Thomas CaVfllry to the Petit Cdte, for the purpose ©4 reconnoitring the position of Fighting Island, then in possessiofr of the brigands, and to ascertaip the practicability of passing troops ovelr the ice for the purpose of ^lodging them. Finding that Col* Bltlot, commanding at Sandwich,vnad returned to his post with the Militia and Volunteers under his command, Coli ToWnshend despatched a dragoon for the purpose of recajling;hlm, and desiring that he would co-operate with thQ regular^forces. These consists of {^company of the S2nd,' under Capt. Browne, a ^bdtpany of the 83rd, under Ljeut. Relsall, and Captf Glasgow's detachment of the ^ojal Artillery. Tfie Militia and Volunteers, under Colonels Elliot and Askin, consisted of from three to four hundred men. Upon approaching a proper position, Col. Townshend gave instructions to Capt. Glasgow to open a fire on the enemy, who were seen in' great numbers on the banks of the island and on the ice. The practice of Capt. Glasgow, as well here as at St. Charles and Navy Island, Was attended with thOf^best results; the brigands being much discomposed by the precision and rapidity of the fire. On concentrating his forceSj^ Col. Townshend adopted the resolution of passing the ice at any point that might be found practicable, much doubt having existed as to the safety of the passage. He was, bowevtr, fortunate in selecting one at which to cross in single files belpw the island ; the enemy imagining such an event to h^ impossible. Capt Browne, with the company of the 32nd, led the V- 11 08 ANNALS OF CANADA. wiyV followed by that of the 83rd, under Lient. Kelsall. The former being the first over, were directed by Col. Townshend to keep the outskirt? of the island facing the United States, with a view of intercepting the retreat of the pirates ; while the latter moved at extended order through the brush- wood, flanked and supported by the Militia and Volunteers. "This advance," says Col. Town- shend's despatch, " was executed with great regu- larity *nd order ; and I only regret that the enemy did not give us the opportunity of disprovmgta the American nation, and the rebels whb have 8(> actively disseminated the libel, 'that the Militiaof Upper Canada would not fight against them ;' asl can safely say I never witnessed more alacrity and zeal displayed than wasshewn on this occasion^y that%ody, or greater anxiety to encounter the foul aspersers." This was a compliment as generously bestowed, as it was meritoriflhsly earned ; and is a convincing proof to us that nothing can be more conducive to the cordial co-operation of the regular troops and their loyal fellow-subjects of the MiUtia and Volunteer force, than to be led, as they were in the present instance, by a brave and exceUent officer, who had the good sense and penetration to trust to both forces alike, ^nd to do equal justice to their zeal in the service of their country. _ The flight of the pirates from Fighting Island was most precipitate. They left behind them one field-piece, which was only discharged once, various arms, such as rifles, muskets, pistols, swords j apd provisions of every kind, togetiiejr with powder, ¥ y^t- ^ '.. t :; ANNALS OF CANADA. 99 r Lieai' r, were tutskirts I a view labile the e brash- itia and , Town- lat rega- le enemy ovlng tor have so Militia of m;' asl urity and sasion by the fool jneronsly and is a I be more e regular le MiUtia hey were excellent tration to justice to Dg Island them one te, various ords^ a^d 1 powder. shot, and other munitions. It ought to be particu- larly observed that the muskets taken on this oc- casion were those of the United States army. They were perfectly new, never having been fired; and appeared to have been just taken out of the boxes which were found in the pirates* camp. The pro- visions, however, were, in many cases, of a quality different from what would be furnished to regular troops, consisting of crackers, or small hard bis- cuits, in barrels, boxes of smoked herrings, and such other articles of food as would, as humour- ^ously but justly observed by Col. Townshend, " have been contributed by & sympathising public, rather than by a Commissariat," The whole of these particulars, with the excep- tion of one or two sentiments of our own, we have collected from Col. Townshend's despatch to Col. Maitland, of the 25th of February ; hut the conclu«^ ding part of it we must give in his own words. He says : ''The most pleasing and yet most diffi- cult part of my duty remains to be performed,^— namely, the calling your attention to the steadi- ness and general good conduct of the troops em- ployed on this occasion, and the alacrity and zeal evinced by the large body of Yolunteers and Mi- litia that responded to my call. Where fiyery one vied in the discharge of the duties assigned to them, it would be invidious in me to particularize ; but I must be excused if ,1 mention the zealous co- operation of the following officers commanding corps I Colonels Elliot and Askin, of the 2nd Essex MiUUa; Capt. Glasgow, of the Royal Artillery; .e ^ X <. r \ 100 AKNALS OP CANADA. Capt. Ermatinger, of the St. Thomafl Volunteer Cavalry ; and Lieat.-CoK Prince, who, though not commanding, .was conspicuous as a volunteer. I beg also to call your attention to the alacrity with which the Indians of the neighbourhood turned out to our assistance. It is perhaps worthy of remark that on the rebels retiring to the American shore, they .there formed themselves into platoons, and fired several rounds on us, but without effecit.*' And with regard to this extraordinary circumstance, it is well known that the brigands experienced no opposition or obstruction whatever from the autho- rities of the United States. The observations of Col, Maitland upon this part of the conduct of the American authorities, is as just as it is well ex- pressed. In his despatch of the 25th of February, reporting that of Colonel Townshend, he says: "Whatever may be the professed desire to pre- serve the neutrality between Great Britain and the United States, or the orders given for enforcing it, my opinion is that the conduct of the authpritieft in this instance partakes more of connivance at the outrages daily practised under their own eyes, th^n of the smallest effort to prevent those. occurrenqeaV 80 much to be complained of." * ■ V ^ It is only necessary to add, in order to complete our account of this branch of the public service of Her Majesty's foieeesi regular and, sedentary, that, a few days after the expulsion of the brigands fi*om Fighting Island, a general Order was issued by the Lieutenant-feovertior of Upper Canada, con- veying to both/ Colonels Maitland and Townshend, j'*?^»*»nT0'|*SM*?fS^'" ' f=*^r AVVklA OF CANADA. ^^401 as well as to the troops under their command, His Excellency's approbation of the prompt and e£fee- taal manner in which the brigands were driven from Fighting Island^^ Addresses were also pre- sented to Col. Townshend, when about to leave that section of Upper Canada, from the Magistrates and Officers of the Western District, recognizing with gratitude hid services at lighting Island, and expressing their admiration of the zeal and effi- ciency with which his professional duties hadbeen performed in the Western District. There is one paragraph in the replies of Col. Tow&shend to these Addresses, which is Worthy of being quoted, as highly complimentary to the loyal people of Upper Canada, and with which we shall clo^the present subject. It is as follows :^ . ** It is now tnrenty>four years since I first cinnmenced my mili- taiy career, and became acquainted with the Militia'of.this Pro- vince, in the campaigfn of 1814, on the Niagara frontier; and I am happy in being able to bear testimony, that the men of the present day are in no way 'degenerated, either in loyalty or prowess^ from their siresi." . Qnth^ 2d March, inflation was received at Ainherstburgh, by. Col. Maitland, who commanded tfie d2nd Recent, and the Western District, that a.laf^e body bjn)rigands from the Americaii side of Lake Erie, had Wen possession of Point-au-Pel4e Island, in Upper Canada,:— in what force could not be precisely ascertained, as the British inhabitants of the island had beeo made prisbners,^nlf others, who went to reconnoi^e^ were fired at, and obliged to retreat without gaining any information. Capt. Glasgow, Royal Artilleryy was then sent to ascer- V li i _3C3& roaiM S£l' -ST «: 102 ANNALS OF CANADA. tain the state of the Lake Ice ; and as he reported it strong enough to bear the guns, Col. Maitland determined to attack these marauders. Point an Pel6e Island is situated near the western extremity of Lake Erie, about midway between the Ameri- can and Upper Canadian shores, is nme miles in length, and about six miles across at the broadest part; there is a clearance of some acres at the northern extremity, whefe there is a light-house; but at the southern extremity, a thick bush comes dow« to the water's edge; the intermediate sur- face of the island is covered with alternate stripes of bush atid swamp. On the east side, there is a clearance, in which are some few scattered houses, the principal one belonging to Mr. M*Cormack, the owner y the island, who had been obliged to fly frommhome some dayf previous, and the leaders of those marauders were living in his house. The . lake on the east side was quite open: it never ifeeiies over there : and it is to be remarked that 4 the southern end of the island, at a'distance of iot more than six or seven miles, there are two smaU American islands. The force destined for this attack consisted of four companies of the 83rd ; two six-pounders, under the command of Captain Glasgow, Eoyal Artillery ; some few Militia, and a smaU troof of Volunteer Cavalry of about twenty- five men. A sufficient number of sleighs having been prolrided for the transport of the men, the iroops left Amhersttmrgh about -haltfast five o'clock on the evening of the 2nd March, and *ept the lake shore for about twenty miles, arnving at ▲NNAL8 O^ CANADA.' 105 ji small plaCe^alled Colchester about ten o'clock. Here Col. Maitland baited to rest tbe horses ; and the people of the village learning that the soldiers were coroinf, had made every preparation for their comfort. About half-past one o'clock the next morning, the expedition started from Colchester, leaving the lake shore, and striking off, directlf across the ice, to Point-au-Pel6e island. A guide was placed in the leading sleigh. At first start- ing, it was tolerably light ; but before they had gone inany miles across the lake, it became quite dark, and all trace of the road was lost. It then became absolutely necessary to procure a light for the l^ide. One of the Volunteer Cavalry was sent back in search of one, who returned after some time with a lantern. After some delay and trouble, tlile road was again found ; but not being much beaten, they had great difficulty in keeping it. This unexpected and, unfortunate delay pre- vented Col. Maitland making his dispositions for the attack before daybreak, which bad been his in- tention 5 besides which, as was afterwards ascei> tained, the moving light atCfacted the attention of the enemy, wl|p were consequently warnid of their approach. Having travelled twenty miles across r tjie lake, the troops arrived withit^ a mile of the island shortly after daylight. Heria detachment, consisting of Captain Browne's and Cji^tain Eve- leigh*s companies of the d2iid Regi^nt, a small nnml)er of the Volunteer Cavalry,and half a dozen Indians, branehed off to the right, to take up a po- rtion at the Bontb end of thc^ island, in oVder to be :A- ■s',^ . ■" *■ ■ ■ . ■'. K. \ ': -\ ■ ■v ' ' ' ' \ 1 .■'■•■sl ■^Si Efi^'.J TgS^TafiJBgC- N -1 104 ANNALS OF CANADA* M ; ready to intercept, and cut off the retreat, of the Americans to ihcir own shore. Captain Browne's orders were to keejy aiong the ice, out of musket- shot of the bush. The main body ^focceded on- wards, and reached the island without opposition, though they saw tliirty or forty armed men, who, however, took to their heels immediately j'and were soon hid in the busBT Col. Maitland sentlo ap- prize Captain Browne of this circumstance. We shall now leave the main body, and follow the./ movements of Captain Browne's detachment, which proceeded at once to its destination ; but not very easily, as the road was exceedingly rough, and co- vered with broken ice. From the point of separa- tion, to where Capt. Browne's party halted and took up their position on the ice, at the southern extremity of the island, was nine miles. After halting, seeing all quiet, thd men piled arms, took, off their great-coats, and had their breakfast. Two Indians were sent into the woods to endeavour to procure information. One of them retmrned shortly, and reported that the main body of the brigands, amounting to between three and four hundred men, were coming down in the direction of Captain Browne's position, all well armed, and with bayo- nets fixed; and that in less than half an hour he was quite sure they would arrive upon thrice. He also reported that he had not seen or heard anything of the main body of the troops under Col. Maitland ; but that he supposed they were in pur- -suit of those very fellows. Capt. Browne, though fully persuaded upon thiSj that a party of the brU ANNALS OF CANADA. 105 gands wero * f^j^t''ir\J-sr\r\r^j-\j'vJ'fj'\j.y iA«Mf*'^'^"'r"'*' ivi^' r yi'!- 'EK,'"'--^ "i. TE^ J'l 106 ANNAliJ OP CANADA. word « Quick march " was given by their leader (a man calling himself" Major" Hudley), andthey came boldly on. Capt. Browno's^allant little band, which mustered only ninety-Hvf men, and those all young soldiers who had never been under fife, then prepared to meet, them. Finding that the enemy's line threatened completely to ootfiank his small force, Capt. Browne ordered his files to ex- tend to three paces distant from each other, so as to show a better front ; the American force being at least three times that of the troops. The former came on in good order ; and the soldiers (who liad been directed not to fire a shot until a positive command was given) remained perfectly steady, pntil the fellows came within good range, and then opened upon them with right 96od will. This Are arrested their advance, and they all went down upon one knee and returned it immediately. A very brtek fire was kept up on both sides for about twentyliinutes. However, the scoundrels had a Bomewjiat better position than that of Captain Brown; for the ice wa^ very rough^where they^ stood; which covered them a good deal. The, enemy knowing that their only safe line of,reti:(!?t was thus cut off, also expecting the maih>dy df -^ the troops in their rear, fought desperately ; and being good marksmen; (as indeed all the Americans are, from constant practice,) the soldiers were fall- ing very fast. At this crisis, seeing many of his l)rave fellows stretched npon thfe ice, Capt. Browne judged it expedient to charge ; aMno sootier was ihft wnrd jyl ven. than it wasrcspondedHaJgLa loud .-■v k leader id they 3 band, 1 those er fife, lat the %nk his ; to ex- , so as being foraiiei' tIio liad positive steady, nd then 'his fire it down ely. A )r about } had a Captain 5're they ) il. The: r,reti;(!M' ' Jbody ijf ^ ily; arid [liericans rere fall- y of his Browne )toer was jjraloud ANNAL9 OF CANADA. X07 Im- cheor, and his men rnshcd on with tlie greatest petnosity. At first, the enemy stood firm, ahd appeared determined to resist the bayonet ; but as thjB soldiers ne&red them, they fired a volley, which brought down elghiof Capt. Eveleijgh's left subdivision ; and then they gave way, and fled in allldirections into the wood, where Capt. Browne was unablrto follow them, owing to the smallness of his force. He therefore ^t once withdrew his men to their original position, and re-formed, fully expecting a second attack. The wounded men were sent to the rear. On mustering the twocom- patiies, which originally amounted to ninety-five tnen, thirty had fallen,— a fearful proportion. Of these, two died almost immediately. Twenty were severely, and eight slightly wounded. Of the for- mer, two died within a w^ek, and several lost limbs by^putation. The blue surtouts of the officers, contrasting with the red coats of the men, ren- dered the (oTm4r a very conspicuous mark, and attracted ' the enemy's fire towards them ; but though the officers received several balls through diflferent parts t)f their dress, they most fortunately escaped un'hurti^ About an hour after this affair, the Americans were observed at a distance, upon the' ice, making their escape towards their own shore. The lew Cavalry Capt. Browne had with him were despatched in pursuit of them; but the ice was so dangerous in the direction in which they escaped, and the ruffians had already got so far, that the cavalry could not succeed in overtaking any of them. On visiting the sc^ne of conflict. V I • -^ « . "- ■'"\X'W«Sf' 108 ANNAUS OF CANADA. Major lludloy, the commander of the American brigands, and three other of their leaders, and seven of the men, were found dead. Eleven moic had been made prisoners, Ave of whom were wounded ; but it was stated, that they had sleighs coi[JCcalcd In the wood, in which most of their >«^«QjQided inen were carried off. Their loss was ^eal^ for, a week after this, a gentleman arrWei at Amherstburgh from Portland, U.S., to which place the feUows had fled, who stated that they ad- mitted to haa lost eighty in killed, wounded, atid missing. Many of the latter were wounded In endeavouring to mak(i_ their escape across the ice. It may here be ne^ary to add, that the main - body of the troops, under Col. Maitland, after hav- ing scoured the woods in every direction, without^^ firing a shot, or^eveii sfecing an enetay, arrived at Capt. Browne's position about three hours after the attack had been naade^ioC ivbich they knew no- thing, not having ^^^^^'^^'I^^Kv; i* was ascer- tained from the vvounli^Uteie^that >lajor Hiidley had watched ^^^ l|^pMF^'"^ix ^^^ ice, until he witnessed th^PSpon of tli^pilKfpSy when he determined upon iltackmg Capt. Browne's party with his whole force, and thus make good his retreat to the American shore, not daring to await the attack of the main body, which hie saw was pi-ovided with artillery. ^ ^ Col. Maitland, and the troops under^s com- mand, returned to Amherstbnrgh at eleven a*clock on the night of the Srcl March.* :' "^ A; 'x • Tiib g raphk^atwtoBt^ th o dafoat ot Iho brigandraiPmi •tt-r«l£e, WM compiled from the letters of an officer engaged. \€: \ ■»1-- annI 1^1' - 'CANApA. 101^ tn addition to tlii^, it is stateiTby Col. Maitland, in his despatch .of tlio 4tii March, that Mr. Tliomas Parish, a private of tlio St. Tliomas troop of Vo- lunteer Cavalry, wal killed in rear of the 32nd Regiment, by a muslfct ball. Col. Prince, of Sand- ^ wich, Mr. Sheriff Lachlan, Capt. ^irty, and several Other gentlemen asked and received permission , f^'om Col. Maitland io accompany the ejcpedition. They gallantly acted with their rifles against the pirates; and the Colonel adds that ho found them" vc^ useful from their knowledge of the locality of the island. The whole of the gang driven from the British soil on this occasion, were composed of American ci|i2;ens. This fact Col. Maitland Mated <>n thgh^Bt satisfactory authority. A large tri- <^olorjH p |j|i^h two.||||', anflifho word '< liberty " roaiwHHpWit, was taken along with the prison- ers ; and about forty American muskets, some am- munition, swords, &c. It was the intention of tho brigands to have landed pn the Canadian shore ol| the night of tho 3rd March, and proceeded t« A herstburgh, destroying by fire, and otherwise lay- ing waste, all before them. With this view, they were joine^^ by six sleigh loads of American citt- 2ens from l^andusky Bay, on the night previous to the attack ; but who made their escape back, upon tlie appearance of our troops in front of the island. Thi^ noble exploit on the part of those gallant troops, received from the. proper authorities, as well as from their loyal f(5(llow-subject8 in both the Ca- nadas, that app^obationdEind gratitude which it so i well defleryed./Thc„ Gcnoral Orders igsned^a^fe eFJ } - vM ^ I . ..__■- &: y / t^aipiP'i^ =«St 'mr ' Ukif'D .«»fe basins »"*,. 1 r Mr "'^ f^ ' f (:'^.: t» % ■^■ lirf ANNALS OP CANADA. / occasion. Were highl> complimentary to the whole party, who thus taught the marauding sons of ra- pine that they were not to he pernjitted to pollute the British territories with impunity. In a letter from Sir Francis Head to Col. Mwlandj ^is Ex- cellency says ; "The gallantry, /promptitude , and . decison With which you determined to atta6kj and the nohlc manner in which it wAs executed, claim my warmest acknowledgments^ J and 1 beg you will convey to Capt. Browne hO^^ brave men who fonned his detachment, dtv Ymcere thanks for the semce which tliey haveifendered to this Province, in Which they were so ablylupported by the rest of thetjflScefs and soldiert inder your command." When tbe gaUant condiicyrof Capt. Browne had beencommunicated to tU Horse Guards, it was there so highly approved] rf, that he was promoted to the brevet rank Of ^mx in the Army,— a dis- tinction its appropriately conferred as it was well earned and merited. / /t.. Nor were the servi^s of the Commander of this expedition,SotlK^his occasion and during the early part of««li?winter in Lower Canada, suflfered to go unrewarded ; for in June 1838, he was ap- pointed a Companij^iv^f the Most Uonourable Order o7 the Bath.C ^ As soon as the gallant fellows who were wound- ed and disabled on this service, had so far reco- vered as to be* able to proceed to their native country, they were conveyed from Amherstburgh to Quebec. Subscriptions were raised at Toronto, ' and at various other places in bpth provinces, to ANNALS OF CANADA. Ill y whole .^ I of ra- pollute % letter lis Ex- icle f and , idcj and 1, claim you will len who I for the •rovince, the rest amand." i?ne had , it was )romoted ,— a dia- was well jr of this iring the /suffered I was ap- )nourahle •e wound- far reco- lir native lersthnrgh t Toronto, evinces, to almost immediately followed hy the death of the brave and gallant officer who commanded the expedition. We subjoin the terms in which this melancholy event was announced at the timo :-^ — ' ' > ■ "" ' ' — r- • ■'■;' V .., ■ ■*"'^. . • ""■■<"'' . " . " ' . .' ;/ ■ ' 'it is*witl| sincere and, unfeigned regret that we have to re- cord the death of Colonel the Honourable John Maitland, of the 32nd Begiment» which tbok place at Xf. Prince immediately recognized the brigand Bri- gadier General " Sutherland ; and, approaching withiu a rod of himself and his companion, de- manded their swords. The "General "hesitated to comply with the request, whereupon Col. Pnnce rushed in upon him, and disarmed him without re- sistance. At this time, Mr. Haggeity came up, . and, agre'cahly to the\ orders of Col. Prince, aj^ proiched the fellow-traveller of Sutherland, and demanded his sword, which he delivered ^pwitli great civility. This individual proved to be « Captain " Spencer, and assumed the rank ol Aide-de-camp to Sutherland. This took place, it is proper to observe, within a mile and a half of the Caiiadian shore, and upwards of four miles from that of Michigan. The prisoners were put into the sleighs and conveyed to Amherstburgh. In his despattsTtJUlje Officer commanding the forces in Upper Canai^ announcing this circum* stance. Col. Maitland stated that he thought Su- therland, when taken, must have been endeavour- ; ing to^akeWs^w^^ ^ ■■ •These fects are derived from evidei»ce adduced op Suther. lind'strial. , x X:J t - fk. ri. Col. is pistols , he pro- dvai\cing , he <:om- with the ere, they ns. GoL nd "Bri- proaching inion, de- hesitated Jol. Prince fithout re- came up, . Prince, ap^ rland, and id up with red to be le rank of ik place, it • d a half of four miles rs were put lerstburgh.* landing the ibis circum* thought Su- i endeavour- 'el6e Island, iced on Suther- ANNALS OF CANADA. 115 ' though he pretended to know nothing of the action which hu4 taken place on the preceding day. On thje following day, both prisoners were sent to To-^ ronto, under an e«cort, pommandld by €^ptain Rudyer, of that cUyl :* I "^ On the X3th of March, Sutherlijind W£^ put upon his tri^ at Toronto, before a GQurt Martial com- posed of Militia Officers, in pursuance of an Act passed by the Legislature of Upper Canada, enti-* tuled *VAn Act to protect the inhabitants of this Province against lawless aggressions from tbe isub- jects of foreign countries at peace with Her Ma- jesty." The deportment of Sutherland on this oc- casion was said to be calm and collected. He re^ presented himself to have been a lawyer. H« is a tall and muscular man, of about five feet eleven inches in height, with bold and strongly-marked features; a full, quick, light^grey eye, dark, sallow complexion, and black hair ; but his countenance did not appear to us, whe^, vfe saw him, to have been illuminated with a ray of that wildly-fierce and independent spirit which betokens the ruthless brigand. He was dressed, on his trial, in a sort of half-<-militaiy blanket frock-coat, similar to the sur- touts worn by the Indians, havinfg dark-blue but- tons, collar and cuffs ; grey pantaloons, with seams of dark-blue. He was furnished with a copy of the charges against him, and was allowed to con- sult counsel, who were not, however, permitted to plead for him. On the opening of the Court, on the second day of the trial, it was discovered that, during the preceding night, the prisoner had at- ■ / I > »• ' ' '. «:r--/ r. ( ''(I I ! 1 7 'i V\ 116 ANNAL8 OP CANADA. f tempted to bleed himself to death by opening veini in Ms arms and feet ; and had consequently become go4uch exhuusted as to be unable to appear in (?ourt. After a week's adjournment, Sutherland had so far recovered as to be able to proceed with his trial ; and after the evidence for the pro- secution had closed, he entered upon his defence. This he read at great length ; but called no wit- nes>e^s, confining his case wholly to mere points of 'law The Court having thereupon deliberated, transmitted their sentence to the Lieutenant Go- vernor, for his approval; and, in a few days, it was found that Sutherland was condemned to be transported for life to some of Her Majesty's penal settlements. In the meantime, he was reported to haVe made very important disclosures with respect toihe plots and projects of both the American bri. Jnds and Canadian rebels; but such disclosures, if made at all, could only amount to the facts Lich bave since transpired, and yhich reflect Infavorably upon the United States as a civil- ized country and independent nation, assuming a rank as such. A short time afterwards, ^Suther- land, in company with some of his late brethren in arms, and now fellow^onvicts, was conveyed f^pm To^itoto Quebec, where he. was committed tp the : Citadel as a State' prisoner. ^ It appear8,^upon a consideration of his caseby Her Majesty's Govern- ment:that, instead of carrying the sentence of this ^^eader of brigands into execution, orders were given to permit him to return to'the United States, upon -»te- kUate A» AVifklA OF CANADA. 117 Ingveini ^become ippear in itherland proceed •thepro^ defence, d no wit- points of liberated, nant Go-* T dajs, it ngd to bi6 ty's penal . sported to th respect irican bri- isclosures, the facts ich reflect IS a civil- isBuming a Is, Snther- irethren in reyed fi^om ittedtptfae ir8,npona 'a Govem- mc^ of this were given tates, upon giving security in the sum of two thousand pounds that he would never again return to Canada. ' On the 12th of Maech, a^eea^y to General; Orders, the Whole of the trotfps in" garrison at* Montreal, as well the regulars as- the volunteers, were paraded in heavy marching order on the Place -^ d'Armesj the Volunteer Rifles forming the ad- vanced piarty. The first division consisted of the Royal Regiment, the 2nd and 3rd Battalions of Volunt^rs, the 34th Regiment, and the Royal Montreal Cavalry. The second division consisted of the Royal Artillery, the Volunteer Artillery, the 83rd Regiment, the Ist Battalion of Volun- teers, the Montreal Light Infantry Volunteers, the 85th Regiment,. and the Queen's Light Dragoons. When these different corps took up their position in the Place d'Armes, the spectacle was very\ im- posing to the mind of the spectator, and resembled ft host preparing for battle. The bands of theW gular troops played some airs, ./hile the Volunteers were taking up their ground in close columns, which gave additional interest to the parade. At half-past ten o'clock, the whole body marched off in sections through Notre Dame Street, as fkr as Vic- toria Road, and at the latter place were paraded in brigade order, and inspected by GoK Wetherall, Commandant of the Garrison. The conduct and appearance, on this occasion, of tiie different Vo- lunteer corps, both cavalry and infantry, teflected great credit upon the general state of discipline, and afforded no ground for any disparagiiig con- trast being drawn between them and the regular V-; .'.J-v'' ■■ 1 ■I*. fXf^ T.a^., ji.::p*« :^^i i ' iju;. 118 V ANNALS OF CANADA. ' troops. But, besides, the loyal Inhabitants of the Province felt, at this time, that they owed a deep debt of gratitudo to ■ and lealdui roroij^in ' thetaiaed a tower of toereandea- )per Canada M.' /■ itofy, an in- any connlty he .person of which their red to them; leMunicipid. ble occaucmf fHerMiges- Your Address is the more jpeculiarly gratifying to me at this moment^ as, by a full knowledge of, and confidence in its power, the Eiyeoutive GoTemmeiA^^is^aore at liberty,, where justice does not al^olutely forbid it, to unfurl the banner of mercy. Harshness and severity are distinguishing marks of weakness and apprehension. ' < v The country is strong enough to be magnanimous; and, as the inhabitants of Upper Canada have the reputfttion of being a reli- gious people, it will now be open to them, collectively and indi- vidually, to fi^ve proof of their Christian profession, by forgiving, without any Rations upbraiding, the eztremeinjuiies they have received. ^^^"--c . ■ . - . „ , . - ■ --K .. - "Thaqoslity of meroj to not strained i , \ '' :,^ It droppeUi H the gentle dew from HMV»n >x^^ Upon-the pjaoe benestb' It 1« twice bleiMd: :\ It bieueth him tbst gives, end him thsttekM; . ' "^ It's mightiest in the mightiest." If the great ticUh^ which has been achieved, be now used with moderation an.d witii well-timed conciliation, the late seenting frown of Providence upon this noble Fh>vincei, may issue in a^ very |;reat bbsung; for I do not despair of semng many persons ^ now come fonraidj openly and avowedly^ as loyal supporters of the ConstitntilB, who, although hitherto advocates of some par- tial changes int^ institutions of tiie country, nevertheless would be desirodi to 4Mf« the most public deolarati / y \ / IW- WM V -.!' "■■t 126 ANNAM OP CANADA. the Speech from the Throne, the Qaeeii recom- mended the state of this Province to the serious consideration of Parliament. Accordingly at as early a period as the state of business would admit of. Lord John Russell stated in the House of Com- mons, tha$,a8 to the adjournment of the House for the lat of February, he did not think that he^would i£ justiaed, in consequence of the state of affairsin Canada, to propose such adjournment ; f ^» ^^«; fore, he proposed the adjournment for the 16th of January. The Ministry would then, liis^ordship said, call upon Parliament for such measures as the necessityof the 45ase might demand; and submit, whether it was their determination that the well- affketed to the Crown in Canada should be sup- ported. Ill the meantime, ihe duties of Governor of the Province would devolve upon Sir John Ul- horne, who had been informed that Her Majesty 8 Government had the greatest conBdencem his steadiness and judgment. A similar Btatement was made in the Honse of Lords by Lord Glenelg, the Secretary of State for the Colonial Department. ■ liVhen Parliament re-assembled, on the 16tU oi January, it wis found that, on that very day, the Earl of Durham had been appointed Governor-be- neral, Vice-Admiral and Captain-Glneral of all Her Majesty's Provinces within, and adjacent to North America; and High Comjmissioner for the ndjustment of certain important affairs aflfectmg the^rovinces of Upper and Lower Canada^ ^^^ ^ the House of Commons, Lord John Russell, after entering into a full consideration of the state \ A ANNALS 01^ CANADA. 127 of affairs in Canada, $nd developing the view» of \ - Ministers with regard to them, asked, and, after a ^^ long and interesting debate, obtained leave to pro- pose an Address to the Qdeen, stating the concern witb which the House had heard of the distur* bances and revolt in Lower panada, and pledging -^^ itself to support Her Majesty in restoring tranquil- lity and affording protection to her loyal subjects in that Province. In thanking the Commons for this Address, Her Majesty observed, that the un- fortu^ate events which bad taken place in Lowel Canada gaveJier the deepest concern; but that Her Majesty lo(med forward with anxiety to that period^ when the re-establisfiment of order would enable her to lay the foundation of lasting peace in the Colonies. "The spirit," says Her Majesty, *' manifested by the loyal inhabitants of the Pro- vinces of North America, and the exertions they have made in support of my authority, demand my wannest acknowledgments." A similar Address was voted by the House of Lords, and a similar answer returned to it by Her Majesty.* . . ^ ■■5__ _ — ,^- -■ ' — ■ ■ ' — ■^— — -■ « ■ ■ . * On the 18th of JaaJiary, when Lord Glenelg mored the Ad- f^ dreis, a very animated discussion arose in the Hotuse of Lords; and we deem it due to the Earl of Durham to record in this place his speech on that. occasion, in j^rder to show the motives and sentiments by whic^he was actuated in assuming the go- vernment of these Provinces. It is dike an eloquent and pa« triotic speech, and would do honourto any statesman bf whatever . •ge:— • i ■ : . : , .The Earl of DtmHAX said: My Lords, I think it necessary ^* . to address a few words to your Lordships, in explanation of the '^ |>rinciples which, in point offset, have induced me to accept the office which I now hold. My Lords, it is impossible for laa- '>^ \ / ^ :.:; 128 ANNALS OF CANAII On the 17tll Of January, agleeably to notice given the preceding day, tord LoM Russell moved for leave to bring in 4 Bill to mak^temporary pro- , vision for the Government of Lowet Canada; and the motion having heen granted, thlft sulyect was debated in the House of Common^ for several nights. On the motion of Sir Robert feel and Sir Edward Sngden, the preamble and sei^ral clauses of the Bill were ameided by the conseiM of Minis- ters; and thus amended, it was pasay by the • «ia«>toexpTe88tbereluctanoewith which I hwreionsentdlto ffiSe thTdaty; and nelhing but the «»08t .*^ ^^^^^ ment and most detirmlned devotion to Her MosI G Vj"' M*" Ws house and interests, and to the serwoe of n^country, Sd bar induced me to place ^^^''^ ^^^"1 ^^SS.^^, iSation. where I fear that 1 cannot answer the expeltotions of mv noble friends who have requested me to undertake Ih.s office, S^ev«. my own. [Hear! hlarlV The noble and jllustnou. Duke who has spoken with so mueh candour to-mght, 1 tbatJie regrete & hear that the olgect of these measu stated ^hicb le sup« Lora- ^hip that It is with ho such view tnat i nave »«««'^'«r"iy P^ 2n?duty. [Hear! hear!] My duty.j«IconcgveiM.tok^rt^ in the first instance, the supremacy of Her ¥»J«5yj»r®™V menii «,d to Vindicate, in the n«xt. *l»^»'<>»o«^, •°^. IW^ Sehiw^takiie care that it b not set »t nought in the re4ot^. SbbS AeStest settlement of Canada: [Hear^ rAJl feel that I have not performed that dutjr, whilst the dig- JiS aufsu^rJmacy.of'tirCrown and the law continue to Be S3, rffi! hew!] Having settled these pnmary and pre- SaS objects, I wiih» casting aside aU c^siderations of • Shf • iriSsh, and a Cana%n party-for I wiU fcjnow i«^^^ Stair of a French, a British, or a Canadian parg, but wilUook Si &man alike ft? Her Majesty's subjects [Hear! hear!]-! Ssrr«Sea?to eilwidto thm ^'^^^^^^%'^^^?^. Son. nSew! heirfi] I will protect, on the^e huid, the local Skid ^rileges if those who T^ »*" «<>"•^««^:^i?!^JK: Stowof Uiesoil; and, on the other, those commercial nghte wnririleges which are considered more peculiar^ to affect Se BShfStlers. The noble ftnd learned lord, at the^fcl^ 6f the speech delivered from the bench below me, said that I Vn» » iirtd i .rti.l >''T' ^^\ *■ thankless tas t carrying m« '^,#:;- IL ._:iXA.^l ^ ■ F . ■ 'i:^ ' .■ |. :;-**'-f^'»--.' L ANNALS OF CANADA. 129 Commons on the 24th of January, and sent ap to the House of Lords. ' Here, as well as in the Lower House, the measure was much debated, and^ a stipendiary Agent of the late House of Assembly^ was permittfd to address their Lordships in oppo- sition to tlje Bill. It was, however, read a second time on the 5th, and finally passed on the 9th of^ February, and received the Royal sanction next 7 day. By this Act, it was declared that the state of the Province of Lower €anada was such, that " to Canada the suspension of its Coiistitntion. My Lords, on th^s . as on many other points, I cannot agree with that nuble and learned pereonage. These afts ought not to be considered in > the Ught in which the noble and learned Lord has been pleased, to yiew them. The Constitution of Canada is sudpended, not by any act; of the British Parliament;; but by the rebellious ai^s oT individuals in that Province. [Hear! hear!] I do not consider, <— if I did r would not undertake the task — I do not consider that I go to Canada to suspend its Constitution: I go there to 'provide a remedy for anextraordinai^ btate of things, produced by . rebels, who have rendered th^ working of that Consj^tutiop im* practicable/ {Hear!] And to execute this honodrable, and dif> ' ncuU, and dangerouis mission — difRcult and dangerous, I mean, ^ as affects my reputation — I implore of your Lordships to give ' me such powers as will enable me to make a final settlement of theae un&rtunate diff$rences,->as will produce final contentmen'i and satisfitction among all parties,^-'«nd as will not merely asdst the dignity of the Crown and the supremacy of. the law* but will also pr9iaote the general happiness and proBparity of one of the most imiportant cuonial possessions of Great Britain. i If I could accomplish this great object, my Lords,! should consider no personal sacrifice— not even that of my life — too mm^; [Hear!] and I can hope to accomplish it by the cordial sn|>port pf my noWe-friends below- me, :Wer Majesty's Ministers, which I feci ' sure that I sball meetr-^by th^ active co>operati-, posed politically all niy Ufe,«which I am induced to believe they ' will display towards me; from the candour which the noble aud «^ illuj^trious Duke has exhibited on tl^is oceasictn; as on all other ' . occasiorib where the public interests' have been concerned. [The ^ noble Earl than sat'Oown amidst loud cheering froofboth aides of the Bouse.] / \ • J ■-■! "■'■■ i- """.'- ■ .'i. " .-i .■ ' \ 4 . ' " ftf*- . *• -i , ■ ii f J .♦ _::'S.- ■ M; - ' - ■■ k -m;-' 130 ANNALS OP CANADA. M ^ \f^) •, . . y '.^ 1 i!'»; M ■ ¥ fr. ^ f V ) •• » s^^ the Hoijse oT AsseraWy could not be called together ^ withoiit\ serious detriment to the tnteuests of the Proyinc^; and that it was expedient to make tem- *porary provision for the government of Lower Ca- nada, in order that Parl^ment might be enabled, aVter matute deliberation, to make permanent ar- ' rangementi for the constitution and government of the Proving, upon such a • basis as nflght b^st secure the rights and liberties, a|id promote the in- terests of alt classes of Her Majesty's subjects in Lowef Canada. It was therefore provided, that, y from thd proclamation of the Act in the Province, till the Ist of Novembery 1840, so much of the Act of 1791 which Constituted or provided for the call- ing of the. Legislative Council and Assembly of Lower Canada°ir conferred any pov^r or fiinc-^ ^ tions on either of those bodies, should cease and^ be of no for^. Itwas then enacted, that it should be lawful for Her Majesty to constitute a Special CouncH ,for the affairs of Lotyer Canafla, with whosefadvice and consent th^ Governor, was au- thorisie^ to miie such Laws or Ordinances for the . |)eace, welfare and good government of the Pro- vince, as the previous Provincial Legislature waa empowered to make ; such laws to be proposed by tlie Governor,— to be limite4 iJi their duration till the ist of November, 1842,— to impose no taxes, ^— to ^flfect none of the Existing laws respecting " rights- 6f elections^nor ^*to repeal, suspend or aJfer any provision of any Act of the Parliment of . Qreat Britain, or the Parliament of the United Kinydnm, or of any Act <)f the Legislature^ of V ■>:■ 3 1%. ANNAW OF CANADA. 181 . ■ .» ..■.■•,,.,. Lower Canada as now constituted, repealing or altering any sucli Act of Parliament." ^larly in May, intelligence arrived in the Province,^ of the death of George Ramsay, ninth Earl of Dal/ housie. This melancholy event took place at DaJ- housie Castle, on the 21st of March ; his LordsWp being then in the sixty-eighth year of his age. iMtd Dalhousie acceded to the. government of this pro- vince in i«20, npon the demise ot the Poke of Richmond*, being at that time Lieutenant-Governop of Nova^Scotia; and filled the important office of Captain General and Governor in Chief of British J^orth America till 1828, when his Lordship was appointed Commander of the Forces in India. The Eari of palhottsie was one of the best and worthiest men of his time; and he endelared himself to the loyal inhabitants of this Province, not less by his private virtues and numerous acts of g^erous munificence, than by the stern, unflinching integrity of his conduct in every department of his public station. The death of his Lordship was deeply lamented throughout the whole of these Provinces, but Jarticulariy in this one, where the numeroua admirers of his many excellent qualities, felt, that they KaTindeed lost a faithful friend and st^^dy benefactor. >i • jUthough siicb an event as the successful navi- gation of the Atlantic ocean bjr steam, forms no part, strictly speaking, of the Annals of Canada, yet it is, nevertheless, an epoch in the history of the worid^ and of science, of too important a character to be passed over without notice. , ; '} ; ,-*- Kf • 1 1 J- °" • ^ ■ ' "»:.■ ' ^^ fefei :%■ 132 ANNALS OF CANADA. .■■-1; Tl On the 23d of April, being St. George's day, two British steam ships, the Strim and Oreat Western, , arrived almost simultaneously at New York. The former, commanded by Lieut. Roberts, R. N., sailed from Cork, on the evening of the 4th of April, and arrived at New York, early in the morning of the 23d. She proved herself to be an excellent sea boat during the paAwge, which was a very stormy and trying on* ; and Iier performance was such as fully to answer the most sanguine expectations of her owners and commander. The Oreat Western acr- rived at New York, at three o'clock in the afternoon of the 23d, having sailed from Bristol on the 7th. Her trip was performed within the period specified by the most ardent friends of noble enterprize, not- withstanding that the voyage was an exceedingly boisterous one. Her motion, however, was so trifling, as to render it unnecessary to employ the ordinary frame-work to secure the dinner ftirftlture on the table. She was commanded by Captain /Hosk^n,R.N. On the 24th both steamships were visit(^ by the Mayor and Aldermen of this city of >• New York, accompanied by a number of the most respectable citizens ; and were entertained by both Captains with the cordial welcome arid hearty cheer of ^British sailors. In return for wh hqspitalUy, the Mayor and Aldermen invitecl Captains Roberts and Hosken to a public dinner at mw^York, at S which the best feelings prevailed; exhibiting much of that warmth of afiecUon, and generosity of senti^ ment which must ever prevail betwcenVa kindred pidpkj whate v e r ma y be their nation a l d^ffer e n eetN «>■■, ^'•. .'-*. J-.' ■ ANNALS OF CANADA.* i8d and political strifes. The -StWiwl^fl New York, for London, oh the Ist, and the OreahWeatemy (or Bristol* on the 7th of Mav, hoth crowded with passengers, and accompanied by the best wishes of the citizens of New York for a prosperous voyagOj and a speedv return. Since this erst attempt terna^ 4 vigate the 'Atlantic by steam; ift regular line of Bteam-packets has been established, *he regularit)^ and success of which has won the^ admiration of the world. ; * * It would be unpardonaWe, in " these our An- nals," not to notice so interesting an event as the solution of the great problem of the North-West Pasr- sage, intelligence of which reached us about the mid- dle of May, 1838. THat important question, which ha& excited the curiosity, animated- the bravery, and employed the jwjience and nautical skUl of Great Britain, dttring a period of three centuries, was ulti- inately4)nt to rest by tlie intrepidity of two of her pnvate subjects,— Messrs. Dease and Simpson of the Hudson's Bay Comt)any. On the 10th of May, fifty-two prisoners, confined at Toronto on charges of High Treason, and who had pleaded for paWon upon acknowledgment of their guiit, werr«alled before the Court of King's Bench, and informed by Chief Justice Robinson, that they would be discharged upon finding bail ;to keep the peltee for three years. But, iua very impressive speech, his Lordship told them, that the Provincial Government had not the power to remit the forfeiture of their property. The offence thflY had contemplated, would have struck at the -I-"-. ■♦'■ « V • - 1 ■\r .i-ih \ »x, J-iya .u 184 ANNAL8 OF CANADA. K t root of the British Crown, and from the Homo Go- vernment afone could be obtained the remiasion. He trusted they would in future become good subjects; jfor upon that would probably depend whether the forfeiture of their property would be exacted or hot. He would refrain from the language of reproach ; but it was desirable that when they I'eturned to the mass of mankind, they should do so with as little prejudice as possible. Many good and loyal men in the neighbourhood of which they resided, might dif- fer in opinion, as to the policy of Government in the lenity it had shewn ; but they^ught to remember that it was their loyalty and undaunted courage which had enabled the Government to exteud its mercy. When they returned to their homes, they should endeavour to live happy and comfortable, to say they were misled, but not, he conjured them, to attempt to justify themselves before their loyal neighbours ; to acknowledge themselves wrong, and no man would be hard upon them. It was their previous character which powerfuUy prevailed in obtaining their release; and it ^bs the previous character of some of them, tvhieh made the leader of the late rebellion so desirous to avail himself of their^names to grace his miholy cause. ^—^^ - ' A few days afterwards, a Proclamation waaissued by His Excellency Sir George Arthur, fulfilling th0 foregoing judicial notification. At tli^ same time, His Excellency caUed upon all Her Majesty's good and faithful subjects, to unite with the Government in calming, as much as possible, those feelings of indignation and displeasure which th« late wicked i • 'I » ANNALS OP CANADA. * • IM rebellion had so naturally cxciM, and by the exercise of a kind and generous forbearance, to 8ul!er their misguided fellow subjects to return as speedily and entirely as might be, to the peaceful and confident enjoyment of these blessings, which, by their folly and misconduct, they had endeavoured to destroy. It was earnestly hoped, that all who had^pon that occasion, experienced the merciful forgiveness of their Govemnyent, might hereafter so demean them-^ selves, as to show tl£eir just and grateful sense of the Royal clemency ; that they might imitate, in ftiture, the loyal fidelity of -those, by whpse brave and ac- tive exertions the late insurrection had been so promptly suppressed ; and, by their dutiful obedience to the laws, and their orderly and inoflfensive co^-*^ duct, they might leave no occasion to their Govern^ ment) or to their fellow subjects, to regret the lenient conrse ^hich had been adopted towards the6i. Finally, all good and worthy inhabitants of Upper Canada were assured, that Her Majesty was deeply sensible of the exceflent conduct, which had so ho- nourably distinguished them during. the trials to which thejr ban been exposed; and that, if ever again theii peace should be disturbed by domestic or foreign enemies, they might rely upon receiving . the utmost support of their Sovereign and of thei British nation. Towardc^ the latter end of May, a very important change^ todk place in the government of Lower Canada, in {consequence of the arrjyai of the Earl of Durham^, with the commissio&' of Governor GeneraL an4 High Commisaioner; and the reliQ- - -■I ■M-' A -'*»- ~^^r~ ■■1^: *i', :4. ise ANKALS OF CANADA. qulshment of the administration of the governmenU by Sir John Colhorne. Before proceeding to record the circumstances attending the first of those events, we deem it to be our duty to preserve a memorial of the public opinion, with respect to an adminis- tration which was as memorable in itself and creditable to the wisdom and energy ot the gallant veteran at its head, as it was beneficial to the best Interests of the Province. About the middle of May, Sir John Colborne removed his Head-Quar- ters and the Seat of Government from Montreal to. Quebec, in the daily expectation of the arrival of the Earl of Durham ; and at this time, very numeiv- ous and most respectable public meetings were held in both cities, for the purpose of considering the projiriety of presenting Addresses to His Excel- lency, on the occasion of his retirement from the administration of the government. Nothing, we are sure, could have bpen more gratifying to His Excellency, or, indeed, to any servant of the Crown placed in similar circumstances, than the warm and unanimous sentiments of approbation, which were expressed, as well in the general pro- ceedings, as in the Resolutions of the meetings In question, of the conduct of His Excellency as Administrator of the Goi^rnraent. The Address agreed upon by the inhabitants of the city and vicinity of Quebec, was presented to the late Ad- ministrator on the first of June, the day imm©- dlately after the landing of the Earl of Durham, and while Bir John Colborne wai upou the eve of his ANNALS OF CANADA. 187 we departure from the city, upon a military tour of in- fl]()oction to Upper Canada. On the 5th of June, Sir John Colborne ahrived at Montreal from Quel^i> and proceeded, without delay, on his tour to tTpper Canada, accompanied by his Staff. In that Province, Ills Excellency was received with every demonstration of respect and congratulation ; and Address^, containing the ^ost gratifying expressions oMoy and satisfac- tion, at beholding the former Quyernor once more amongst them, were ev^pry where presented to His Excellency by the loyal inhabitants of that Province, j^r John Colborne arrived at Montreal, from Upper Canada, on the 15th June, under a ti^alute ' from St. Helen's battery; and put up at tbe resi- dence of Mi^oi^General Clitherow, In the course ' of the day, a deputation of fifty gentlemen, of the first respectability, waited upon His Excellency with the Address, which had been agreed upon at a public meeting of the inhabitants of Montreal, held on the 10th of May, headed by the Hon. Mr. M'Gill, Chairman of the meeting. In this Address, the heartfelt satisfaction and the warm and affec- tionate regard of the inhabitants of Montreal, were ^expressed for His Excellency. In bits reply to this> Address, His Excellency stated, that he was con-^ ▼inced the restoration of tranquillity adverted to, conld not have been effected, without the support which had been afforded by the loyal inhabitants of Montreal, and of the Province generally. Be had great satisfaction in hearing that the inhabitants of Montreal approved of his measured, during the time • g2 A m ?t^.t^i^mF¥'9-" - m ^ % N LttMatflbH t r*««s;; * *•<» ";f als^ pnbUshed in the Official G^tte, »lf ng ftat HU Excellency the Governor Genwd h«d »»«>» Slased, by liters Patent nnder the Great Seal of Sn^Vince, bearing date the first of Jane, to dis- Xthe SpicUl ConncU, which stood prorogaed L Si* John Colbome to the 18th of, th»t mon tiu ThU was to be expected, as the late AtoimstnUor «f the Government, in the aPP"-*"™* » f «-?«»' gonndBors, expressly >"*««.«»'""' ^'f.^r ham wonid enter np6n the discharge of hi. dnues y,mr nnfettered as to the choice of XJonnciUors^ Se appointments to the Special ConncU wonld Tentire^ provisional-«id that the Bpyal ^- structions which had been forwarded to His Excel- C4, Sir John Colbome, woold be revoked and .* •5k ANNALS OP CANADA. 141 superseded by the CommisBion and the Instructions, of which Lord Durham would be the bearer. For a few days after his arrival, Hirf Excellency the Earl of Durham, was thus engaged in making preliminary arrangements for his future govern- ^ment, and in receiving and answering Addresses from various parts of the Province, co^«ifct^°S ^'his lordship uj?on his assumption ofj||^overn- ment, and expressing the utmost c()|BP?e m his Administration. The first of thes^ Addresses wa» one from the inhabitants of the city and vicinity of Quebec, which waa presented bn^he 4th of June, by a large number of gentlemen, who proceededm a body from the Exchange to the Castle of St. Lewis. His Excellency, attended by a most bril- liant Staff, received the Deputation with great urbanity ; and the Address having been read by William Walker, Esquire, the chairman of4he meeting at which it was adopted. His Excellency; in a. tone and manner which excited universal admiration, read his answer. His lordship thank- ed the deputation for their kind and friendly ad- dress. Following, as it did, the cordial reception which he experienced on his first landing on their shores, it gave His Excellency great satisfaction, for it convinced him that he might rely upon their support and co-operation in the afifiomplishment of the arduous task, which, m obedience to the com- mands of his Sovereign, M had undertaken. - He earftestly entreated, that, at such a crisis, all party andpolittealfeelingwould belaid aside; and he would thus be enabled to proceed without hindrance -.a^ r"' ■ 'TW^ ■ ■■•■' ' ■'■ . ' ': ■- 1 ■ ■» .. .••h ■^ 142 ANNALS OF CANADA. in acpdmplishiag -the grand objects of jis mission, and placing iti a pennanent state of ^ecurit]^ those interesti^E wliicli tlie inhabitants of the Province were so deeply^fpncemed. Addresses were also presented at tlfis. time, to His E]teell,ency from the injiabitafcts of Three Rivers ; from#Citizens, inhabitants, proprietors, apd others, subjects of Heir Majesty," of. French origin, resid- ; ing in the District of Montreal ; fr»m the Britiaj^ .Wesleyp Ministers stationed in tower Canada, and from the jmembers of the Literary and Histot^ cal Society of Qu^eVto'aU of which suitable an-i ^ swers w^re returhed. At a later, jperiod addresses were presented to his Lordship, from various other public bodies and places In the Province^ ^ >. The 30th of May has be^n rendered memorable . by the forcible seizure arid destructiouSHhe steam- boat Sir Robert Peeiy\ij a band of arined ruffians, while lying at ^Hs' Island, in the lyaters of the^ ,, United States. This boat was built at Brockville in the course of the year 1837 j and is said tor have cost upwards of ten thousand pounds, having been fitted up and furnished in a style superior to m9st of the steamboats plying on -^?A* Ontario, Her owners were partly^ British subjects, and partly citizens of the United States ;, and she was com- manded by Captain Armstrong. On the evening . of the 29th of May, she left Prescott for Toronto ,r and, on her voyage, ^topped at Wells^ Island^ in the vraters and territories of the United States,, fo^ the purpose of taking in a supply of wood, as sl» was accustomed to do. This island is situate*. about the C^ York ; sand^: forms Narro pistol- two < thatt and i pjuttii disgu posse gers rvhe were tp d boar '■■ and boat way shoi stro thr« the the V tral tho atti . tha JiOI am ^■'Vr.^^. _,^_ , 'Jr, ---—' ^ » •v-'itttt* ■* • ANNAifl OP CANADA. 143 -S. dssioni (. those royince , to His itivers ;" others, , resid-^ Britia^ ^Jahada, Histoti^ kbieani Idresses 18 other morable. J8teanir\^ riiffian9; J of the , ockville tchave- ng been to roost ^. fler t partly ras com- evoQing forontoY siiand^ia ;ate8).ifor , J, as she situaied . ihbut'seven miles helow French Creek, * towa of the Cdtanty of Chautauquej in the State -61 IJew York : and is one of the gronp caUed * The Thou- sand hies." It is the largest of the ^gronft a'^d forms what is designated by theMllors the Upper^ Narrow8"^the passage bringing vessels withm pistolrshot otthe island; It was between one pr Iwo o'clock ii^ themouiing of the 30th 5f May, , that the Sirm^t ifee? touched at Wells Islan^/, and it was while-the handft were ^mpU)ywl in , nutting fire^woodvon board, that'B band of armed and Ssguised pirates made their^appearance and took powession of the boat. Tlie whole pf (he passen- • gersandsome of the'crew;yrereinbedat#etime. ^^ The pirates hiight be about 'thirty in riumbw,- apd ^ were.under the command of a leader who. appeared . to direct all 4heir movements. They rushed, on. board in' tf comp^t body, charging n^iih their arins, - and taking immediate possession of aU parts of the boat. They, however, left a guard on the g^g- w^ to ptfcvent any of.the crew who||ad been on shore from retarning to'thfe boat. Oaptaiij. Arm- strong and one or two persons oh deck, were threatened with instant death unlfess they quitted, the boat. The Captain remonstrated, and ordered the boat t^ be cul adrift ; hut^is design was frus- trated by the pirates, who forced himself, and all those on deck at the same tijihe, ashore. The next attack was made on the ladies' cabin. Itapj^ars that one of the ladies, who had.been alarmed by some unusual ^circumstance, had got* out of bed ; . and lifting one of the curtains at the side window qf 1 - * > V- t ■ !' "■ \ /'"- i \ r ■ » - "" ^ 1^~^^ "^t*^ ' "Jiff '^] pv^u • [A r. It' /" 144 \ A^mJA OF <■ LDA^ the door, beheld the pirates rtisbirig on bojird the boat. She at once perceived the actual 8tate of the case; bait afraid to occasion Vnneceslary alarm, she merely informed her companipns, that she believ- ed the boat was on fire, upon which they imme- diately got up,'!ind endeavoured to dress themselves. ; They ^ad scarcely begun to do so, when a loud •knocking was heard at their cabin door, increasing \ia violence, and liccompanied by threatening ex- pressions, in consequence of some unavoidable .delay in obtaining the key and unlocking the door. When opened, one of the pirates entered ; but was arrested by the same lady, who seized his arm, and telling her name, asked, whiiHhey wanted? The only answer was-, **Coroe Ivith me and I shall save you— the nations are at war." " But surely," said she, " you shall allow us to dress ourselves, and save out baggage," to which he replied, *' Yes," and left the cabin. But before the ladies had time to put on their clothes, Ihe ciibin windows were shattered by pikes, bayonets, and other arriSs, amidst the most terrific menaces and imprecations, and '7 cries of " Remember the^ GaroUne /" The ladies were then roughly hurried ashore ; and being joined by one of the deck passengers, they were led, some of them without shoes or stockings, through mud, and over ^larp stones, to the summit of the island, where they sat down jn perfect darkness, endea- ^ Touring to prepare tJie mseiyes Ibr the worst.* ^^ •We have tdien «lu« ^rief sUtenkMit of the |ttaok upon the ^ kdies' cabin* md their brutal expulsion ftom tte bws were iS, amidst ions^ and he ladies ng joined led, some Dgh mad, lie island, B, endea- 'st»-^-':-:;: : ik upon the loat, from » irhole aflUr, icribed, "A, iert Ped.** ANNAU OP CANADA. 145 ■■x:c !^fean while, thej^entlemen passengers hearing the noise on deck, got up and attempted to teave their ; cabin, but they were rudely pushed baclt by the pl^ rates witbthieir bayonets, guns and lances. At last* howeyer, after the cabin windows had be^n broken, and sotne of themselves assaulted and beaten in a most savage and barba^us manner, they were ordered on deck, alid forced on shore, mauy of them dhdressed, and without being able to save anyof their b^gage. * Some of them made an* effort to recover therr plotHes, but the alarm and confusion were so great, that but little^Uccess attended- the attempt. Much property and very large sums ef iponey we^e thus lost ; bu| we believe that a considerable part of the latter wak afterwards tecbxpreid. The object of the pirates having been thus far accoraplislied) they cut out the steamboat, and allowed her to drift ^ctown the current for a short* distance^ when they brought her to wichor. They then plundered her of everything thai was valuable, and set fire to her ; betaking themselves in five or sixboats to the Ame- rican shore. "Instantly," pays the" faiif writer whom we have already quoted, I'a brilliant 'flame ascended, the red light of which disclosed to Us everything around us. The Sir Bcheii Bed had been taken to rather a distant point, and our bean- •tiful boat was burning; but we had no power to save her. We saw the 'cowardly band, when they had finished their fiend-like deed, row quietly away through the calm water, as if they had done npnght to tronble us or them. Suddenly our thoughts were turned from ourselves and the pirate^; for there ■\t: 4 '4 /--•. ■p'^' .K'Y, t ■ * I «? \k: ^n:r::^r3wttrzetws>! y \ 146 ANNAL8 OP CANADA. i^.;*^- ' liiOBe from the midst of the flames, most piercing ^ shrieics of * My God I my Gl>dl can nobody save roe?* FortQoately there was a skiff moored to the wharf, which was quickly pot off, bat before it had reached the boming boat, the sufferer, who was proved to be the mate, had thrown himself into the Water. He was picked up and brought to the hut |n>ost dreadfully burned/' The passengws and crew of the Sir Robert Pe$l then betook themselves, for. shMter, to a shanty or hut on Well's Island, where they remained |n a most forlorn condition till about six o'clock iff the morning, when they were taken off^by the American steamboat Oneida, Captain Smith, wb6, thougli oh his paiwage down the St. tawrenoe to Ogdertasbur^, kindly^ returned witb them to Kingston. ; ^' : /^ When intelUgenee of this unparalleled ofitrage had been communicated to the Executive Governments nt Quebec and Toronto, both the Earl of Durham and Sir Qjope Arthur issued Proclamations with regard i^wj^In that of the former, a reward of ohe thoiM4|||il|ra|}d8, was promised to any person or personMPpDttid Identify and bring to convietion before any competent tribunal, any person ebtually engaged in, or directly aiding and abetting the per* petration of the outrage. His Lordship also pro* claimed his determinfttion to secn!«B the protectloti of ^er Majesty's subjeets in Upp«r Can«da, by the ^emploj^menf of every means In hi» power, and to- ap^lto the Ooverwnent of the United Stated t(^ vindtcalft its honour, by avenging the insuH wbicli had been offered to their authority by a baaid el •m, V ."i-^Vi^ \ , V. ANNALS or CANADA.^ u: \ piercing « )dy save Dored to before it who WHS into the I the hat indcrew " ilves, fof . d, where till about sre tal^en Captain the St. ned with tragehftd emmeoU Darhaiii ioos with irdof ohe person or ionvietion nilbtiially g the per* also pro*- }teetioti of la, by the eri and' to^ I States U^ 911H whicb a baind of lawless plraten, and rcpalrliig the wrongs whldi hud been inflicted on Her Majeity's uubjects. His Kx- , cellency, however,, earnestly exhorted all persons^ carefolly to abstain from any acts of retaliation - which might expose them to the imputation of a disregard of. their own honour, by a violation of the internal rights of a4jaining powers. The proclama- tion of Sir George Arthur was to the same effect, _ except that it did not offer a reward. His ExceK lency very jgstly observed, that the demeanour and conduct of the population of Upper Canada had been that of a people resting securely upon the sanc- tity of law, and the regular exercise of the power of the great Empire of which-they formed a (iart ; Hod ' accordingly^, even daring rebellion* and foreign Inva- sion, that Province bad not been disgraced by any ecenes of Individo^a violence, or revenge, on the part of its loyal Inhabitants. The character which had thus been gained to that Province had com- manded the admiration of the British people— d^ monstrated the proud superiority of British instl- ttttions^and Was too valuable to be 8aKA$^o the number of about forty or fifty, and had moved off in the direction of the Short Hills. The fact was, that a great many briganda from the Niagara frontier of the United States, Invited, enconraged and assisted by a few disaffected ihdividaala on the samd frontier }n Upper Canada, had taken their ^^^artjure from several points, a^d found their way into the Province in email, detached parties, ga^ thering strength as they appr<)^hed the place of rendezvous. A few days previous to thf .attack on the Short Hills, a body of fifom twenty td thirty brigands had assembled on Navy Island, the old liaunt of insurgents and pirates; from whence they crossed the river, landing in the bush above Chippewa, where they hid daring the whole of next day. At night they moted forward, and took # up their quartera in a deserted bam, near the old Camp Ground. Here they were informed by i^ scout that the main body of the brigands had re^' moved into Winchester's bush ; and that, by going in a certain direction, they would probably me^t " :••;-■■: I. i.* j:a "-V, f. r^» **-! ■.^. m .'■JL W' #■ Aim AIM or OAKApA. ■'*%, ■'^ ,^" with some one on the look-out, who would shew them the way to the camp of their friends. They did meet such a person ; and on arriving in the eamp) as it is called, they found a tirge party of men, with military; stores, under the command of James Morean, bearing the rank of Colonel. Here the combined forces of the brigands remained concealed for two days previous to the affair of the Sliort Hills. During this time they were fre- quently visited by Samuel Chandler, who brought them ample supplies of provisions, and who was called Commissary. It was at last determined that a small party, consisting of ten men, of the embodied Militia called the Queen's Lancers, sta- tioned at Osterout's Tavern at St. John's, in the Short Hills, should be attacked ; and, accordingly, nboot nine o'clock on the night of tbf) 20th June, . the brigands marched out of their cnuip in ibrcd divisions, the whole being under the coniroxind of Moraau. Arriving at a school-4ious< > tite tJiird divisioii vas ordered into a hollow, anJ desired to halt, wtiile the first and second march* ^i onwards to the attack.. They arrived at the ta'.^rn where the Lancers were quartered at about one o'clock in the morning of the 21st ; and immediately opened a very hot fire upon it. The. whole of the Lancers were in bed, with the exception of the sentry, wbo ' gave the alarm, and ran up stairs, stating that he •had been fired upon from without. This firing commenced, the Lancers returned it with their pistols. The action continued for nearly an hour, no impr of strav( the hoi under tl test, aoi not bef severely Lancert ^n hi. i nergeat house f housed - rebelP' Lancerf barbaro strlppec of theii the car where i In th the Lai despatc ": cers, to the tru( immedi ' anothei who ha oeaded Chandli own hi • swamp, .»» 'V*» ^- V'f- ^^lli 8t»- .:Jf V'r the ui no fmpr«iston p[pon the Lancers, brouglit bundles of straw from an adjoining building, and set Are t the hoiiie. By this meanSi ^he Lancers were under the necessity of giving up the unequal con-, test) and of surrendering themselves priitohers ; but^ not before two of their assailants had been vcry^ severely wounded. ''The gallant conduct of the - LancerSy on this occasion/' says Major Townshend ^n his despatch of the 22nd, " is beyond alt praise.^ Sergeant Bailey, who commanded the part/ in the ' house at St. John's, did not surrender. riBoner, after a i grof" n 9 „ ,- ^3» b ® V I '-ii!*!Pl«», «l»^ .A mi Wh u m JiNDALB OF CANADA. desperate resistance. ' WUeii thti brigands found that Chandler had been iaken prisoner, they re- treated up the Gainsborongh road as far as the Narrows, where they halted for a few honrs, and then inarched up the Chippewa River, tliey Icept in a body till about three miles above Siaithville, when t|iey began to disperse in various directions, leaving their commander, Moreau, in the reltf. Bot Morgan was shortly afterwards arrested by a Volunteer of the name of Charles Eady, who brought him before Major Townshend, to whom he confessed that he wns a nativfrC''!/ Pennsylvania. Several other prisoners were shortly afterwards 'taken. ■■::..'"'■■:■''■■■'". ' ■^■"'/_ -. -' '"■'^-r' • Immediately after information of this affair had reached Sir George Arthur, His Excellency issued a Proclamation giving full notice of it, and com- manding that no person should be permitte'd to land upon, or. leave the shore, on the British side of the Niagara, coming from or going to the tehri- tories of the United States, unlesd he should give a full and reasonable account of him'^elf, and show that he was coming or going in the prosecution of his lawful affairs or business, wliich person ^oUld be' fiimished with a passport tp* secure him from /urtfaer hindrance or molestation. His Excellency then repaired to the Niagara Disirict, where he is^eji another Proclamation, offehng a reward of five hundred pounds for the ar^st of Moreau; but, '^. we havQ seen, the brigand bad already been arrested. -^ *M , Qn Itlje 2l8t of Jfuly, lloreau was tried before a ^• / Court of Justice J lony, uni lature fc found ii peace of was exei other pri sentence penal co Quebec^ view of .auan*B L pool, thi and Mr. reason 1 Bonersl th^wc aiffidavil of Quee to Lend placed Cdlirtr custody ever,^ Ithose r hadtlf^ prisqne to m of conn '■'■■''. ■-^^ . J ...tiiJAVt. a •>;■ ; ■tp^y. . -9*v*t''y|Si'W^;;K / ANMAI^ OF CANADA. hi ■' ', S'Si; Jt Court of Special Commission held at ;!'CaIla'- j|||||f|I^IN[it^ Etienne Rbdier, Thomas Storrow ^iim,^|^er Duvemay, Etienne Caitier, George £|^ Gartie^ttTdhn Ryan the elcHar, Johh Ryan the jKQiinger, ptuis Perrai^It, Pierre Paul Demaray, Joseph F%<*ois I^avighon, and Louis ^ Gautier. % tke conci«^ig*tsliiiifl«rof the Ordinance, it was •BiMJ^ thai liiv^ini^^^^ therein, or in any Plroc|*majdQn thai^||i|^ be issued in consequence of it, should be construed, to extend to the cases of ^persons, charged as being concerned in the mni^ d«y of Lieoteiiaiit Weir and Joseph Ghartrand. ^^.^nnnsdifttely after the pjsssing of this Ordinance, a Proclpmation was issued by the dKvemor-Generai -^1. m $ % i lit j I.'^' >^t* M ZT .ifSf' -■^i^ iar: '^% ANKALS OF CANADA. ■■""tj". >.%.•■ ■-^; f'^- 1 ' n i I few dliys aflisrwiurda, (Ifb«1^bt pH^^ to be traiup^rted to Beriyiijg^ mm Wmti fk thk d^ to Qaebee, juid i^i^^jik^ luMfMI, on board H. M.$^V^itaL iNit ti«6Mi^ ^Ai^yfo^gbortlj afkerwaids di«^t>Yr«^ Ifor Mil^iiiAd an Aeflmsfled by tbe |to|wrf^ l^mi^Vib indemnifying^ tbose irlH> bid iiMltd it ' and acted^nder it, the prbtoiieitf %ei^ pf^t^ Id leave tbelijdi^f banisbnuAt. Jbejr aQ land^fl^ j # hw, montiw kfterwardi, in tiia 'Uaitid €lt»te#/^< wfaBMBii i% bijjto gNiik% re&4^ / •^» Mtbe^vfJuly, |]^ptQ^iym^ tb^ E^u^of \fli^^Qi»\Ke, in tbl9 JWb» i ^ Uppeii^Pttada ; * bnC. bit ^mk^;: till Uttct dtkjf trhen be «Mui and welo^ed hj tbe wbole babitahtsoftbccity. > '^^ .AAer< being present ^ a _ kiK^ in gaffTOon at MoptiMi en tbe 9tb «f Jnly, wiM' wfta tcmdDdy-^and. receiving ,jil>|M>fnt. ..... : i V ^lev< .T4#^ Wi^M!^^ -f' .* fr '^■*^ ? .m^ \7.?^ ■\-:: ^tbii /% MItd'it' I; r--:^^'-: /,..?■ * ; ' ^■i^ ' C" t^- ii>t 'i '•\ ■Wi' , •\ / % - * 1 < »' 'n ... ,^ ;i6^^ A %■ r;..:>. ^•.v^- ■■ ■ •■ , • is :^'i ^ ■^■1 -rrr ■=-'i», ^ :■■ H ;• ■ .S. r ! . ^ ■ *< : >.^ . .t';, .-.■i ^ ■■■>*: 'flil*.{ ^ .■..■■. ■ '■■-%: . 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