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Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmte d des taux de reduction diffdrents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul clich6, 11 est f ilm6 d partir de I'angle supdrieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prennnt le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 ^ y— T^sr- ^yfr^^tm^ m TBT /iT& iSBft ^|L ^^ ^|k j1^ ^k K>ivJvir;s^*;^ '/i^' ^^^^^1^^!^ q5>:if? RINCIPLES >f>f.. | .. | ., | ., | . OF I -t "I -I ' I ■ ! ' Cbrtstian Xife PUBLISHED IN THE YEAR 18«8, by Car dinql JOACHIM PECCI, now LEO XIII, fllotiouglg teiflnfng pontiff. * !3lu I)i>ma0e \o ova 0tttismb«rs BY THE EDITORS of the Annals of 5' Anne de Bea/u^ri i I ^^■^^ ^#;^#j^gj^gj^^ *^ »^ :*M*>f^*M*;*:^^ w ^ ^^^'^^^^^^T ■i "BV^ISO L>^li^ . ^< >.6 •.^•Cl3t3 HHHHHHHH.^I-iC«C4C40)NC4C4C4CIC|(«3 PC QC PC PQ pfi 73 >» 73 >» ^ ^bli^ . ^ tA^^^ . ^;>>^ s' . ^^ bb^i^ . ^^ >;b 17373 fl 73 TJ a e4 Ml 17373 P 173/^ 5 S S-S s^ Siz; g 5-5 S-3 giz; S s-^ S-S Sg g g-^ S-S Sg S w cy3 ::a:ci3t> ja-C15t)i M N to '♦'lO vO t^oo O^ O M ei fo -i^io vo t^oo C7> O M et «*3 r}-i/:> vo t^oo O C' w i-iHMHHMMWHHNeiCINNNe*ejC«CfO •0 >» .•ix >> <* ^ -^ >> ^)C4C4C4rO(*3 ca . >^>tu> ca b^>tCO CO ^ CO . >,>sa) CO ^ ca . >^ >^ CO CO b^ n-TS a 9) bT3H4^T3 a S b?H4?73 a m bT3'->4?73 d w b^R43 a wtS H.S \i\Z S M73 t!4? iit?5 rt «7=j hi2 b^ « W7n »- 0) 4) 0) dT3 P 0) 3*0 pi V 0) 'So^ 5:2 M W »0 ^no VO t^QO O* O H N ««5 «*»0\0 t^OO 0> O M N co -^lO vO «>^bO 0> MMHHHHHl-IIHHeiKCleiClCieiCICIOI W ca .1 CO •O >» CO • t.&»5' .S^>.bSff.g^^^15'.b.>.S5 p^ 0) 3T> P ■o'CtJCJ H M <«3 ^lo NO t^oo ON O M « to ^»n vo t^oo ov o •-• « to rhm vo t^oo ov o •-• HMHHHHHHHMCieier^(^r^(^ PRINCIPLES OF CHRISTIAN LIFE V^Vt^<.t^<^Vt^^^^^ I. HE Catholic Christian is he who pro- fesses the true Faith and Law of Jesus Christ. The sole keeper and unerring mistress of that Faith and Law is the Church Catholic, Apostolic, Roman. Wherefore, the true Catholic Christian is ever careful to not prove himself unworthy in his deeds of that glorious profession and to stand always united to that Church. 11. T is not enough to believe in the secret of one's heart the truths revealed by God, as, likewise, it is not enough to hold fast to the Church in the interior of one's soul : but, it is indispensable that Faith be shown and PRINCIPLES OF CHRISTIAN LIFE. that it work outwardly, it is indispensable that the profession of his religion inspire all the acts both inward and outward of the true believer. For, as the Saviour has said : « He that belie- veth not, shall be condemned >>, likewise also Scripture teaches us that « Faith without v/orks is dead, » that the eternal Judge v/ill ask an ac- count of the woiks of men, that according to the works of each one, also of him who believeth, He shall give him his reward or his punishment. HI. URE of the divineness of his Faith, the true Catholic believes the truths which it tea- ches, although they be above the reach af his mind; he believes them even when they meet with contradiction on the part of those whom the world calls learned : he believes them all without excepting a single one; he believes them more firmly than the things which he has seen with his own eyes or which he has learned from the testimony of man. t IV. E looks upon his Faith as a gift of Heaven and as a priceless treasure greatly sur- passing all the riches of the earth, because it raises man to the knowledge of God and assures unto him his supreme end. Therefore he endeavors to keep it ; he places it above the demands of the world and the favor of men, even should he, for that reason, give up all the riches af the earth, and life itself. PRINCIPLES OF CHRISTIAN LIFE. V. B loathes and spurns the maxims of the unbelievers of the age, as : « Any religion is good to save one's soul, » cc Hell is a bugbear, » « Inward Faith alone is enough to save one's soul, » and other like sayings that he often hears. He spurns them because he knows that there is only one God, only one truth, and that, therefore, there must be only one Faith, one religion, which latter cannot be grounded on the whims or opi- nions of men, but solely on the authority af the revealing God. VI. iSHiNG to keep his Faith, he stays far away from the society of the wicked , who openly war against it ; he is on his guard against the cunning of those who, in secret, lay snares for him : he recognizes the former by the impudent scorn they profess for all that is holy : he will find out the latter by the zeal they afifect to profess to reconcile religion with the licentiousness of the age. sant hood such VII. £ abhors the reading of bad books; he considers it as hurtful to the mind as poison is to the body. He lets himself not be lured away by the new forms or plea- style put in use by unbelief to spread false- and to pervert minds. He avoids receiving evil books, and if he possesses any, he dis- 6 PRINCIPLBS OF CHRISTIAN LIFB. cards them, or returns them to their owner ; he advises his friends to do likewise when he finds them with bad books in their hands. VIII. B confesses that the Catholic Church has been shaped by Jesus Christ into a pei- fect society, with authority to enact laws, to punish the guilty and drive away from her bosom those who rebel against her authority : he therefore professes towards her sentiments of ^^MBddocility and respect. He has a wholesome dread of her penalties and censures, although nowadays the world despises them; he remembers tho great power granted to her by her Founder when He said : a Whatsoever thou shalt bind upon earth, it shall bs bound also in Heaven. » ix; NOwiNG that in the Catholic Church there are divine springs of heavenly grace, which are the sacraments, he feels grateful to God who, in His great bounty, has deign- ed to create them, he uses every care to profit thereby to his advantage; and he feels deep sor- row at the blindness of the unfortunate who despise them or have no care for them. • X. B particularly prizes the sacraments of Penance and Eucharist, because, in the one, he finds the remedy to his own faults, and strength against his weaknes- PRINCIPLSS OF CHRISTIAN LIFB. fj ses ; from the other he draws the most efficacious help for his virtue and an unspeakable fulness of heavenly consolations by receiving in his heart the Author of grace : he allows not himself to be deterred from frequenting them through human motives or the mockeries of the worldly. He keeps engraved in his soul these great sentences of the Redeemer ; a Except you (do p enance g' you shall all likewise perish : — except you eat the ffesh of the Son of man, you shall not have life in you. » XI. HE sincere Catholic also distinguishes himself by an attitude full of respect and devotion in the holy temple. — He is not led thither by a vain curiosity nor by the fashion of the age ; but by a sincere piety, by the desire of paying to God the outward tribute of his filial homage. He is deeply grieved on witnessing the bearing of those who come to the house of God to pro- fane it, to deride the piety of others, to cast dis- credit on the sacred rites of religion. xn. E knows that there exists in the Catholic Church a priestly order, to which Jesus Christ, the eternal Pontiff, has entrusted the mission of handing down to others the great power of consecrating and offering up the divine sacrifice, of dispensing the holy sacra- ments, of guarding and preaching His heavenly doctrine. ; At^U/>xf ^ n> i:i 8 PRINCIPLES OF CHRISTIAN LIFB. Therefore, he looks upon the Priests as minis- ters and embassadors of God Himself ; He views their dignity with feelings of respect, he shows it to them in all his acts. ^ ^^^^ — He listens to their teaching with docility^^nd he helps them to have it put into prffcflceTHe is compassionate for the defects he may remark in their character, which is not exempt from the frailties of human nature: He feels a lively sorrow when he sees the perverse world reviling their sacred character and thwarting their august mission. xni. ¥ E moreover acknowledges that the priestly order, ranged by God in different dbgrees of hierarchy, has received thf office of governing and feeding the Christian flock with the authority that Jesus Christ has entrusted to Peter and to the Apostles, and that He has left as an inheritance to their lawful successors ; he shows himself devoted and obedient above all to the Vicar of Jesus Christ, the Roman Pontiff, universal Father and Master, Vho unites in his person the fulness of po^ePin the governpaent of the whole Catholic family. He likewise professes sentiments of filial sub- mission and piety towards the Bishop who is charged with the spiritual government of his dio- cese, and towards the parish priest, to whose care are entrusted the souls of his parish. / PRINCIPLES OF CHRISTIAN LIFE. *<# XIV. E also acknowledges the infallibility of teaching which, by virtue of the assistance of the Holy Spirit — assistance which shall never fail her — the Church posses- ses in matters of Faith, of worship and of morals ; wherefore, with respect and docility, he accepts the decisions of the supreme tribunal, he conforms thereto his thoughts and acts , he never strays from that guide in the search for truth and in his bearing towards the changeful opinions and the novelties of the age. XV. EMEMBERiNG that the true Christian must profess, not only the Faith, but also the Law of Jesus Christ, he endeavors with fruitful zeal to know all the duties that bind him to God, as well as all the precepts and teachings that Jesus Christ has committed to His holy Gospel ; he strives to fulfil them all exactly, knowing that he is worthy of damnation who vio- lates the law on a single point, because he rebels against divine authority which has laid down the whole law. .XVI. AiTHFUL to that law, he loves all creatures, he loves his parents and relatives, he loves his country, but according to due order and proportion. He loves God above all things — which is the first and greatest of the commandments ; — he places above all the rest 10 PRINCIPLES OF CHRISTIAN LIFE. the honor and service which is due to Him. — When he hears His holy name blasphemed, he is grieved and pained thereat, and, without reviling the blasphemer, he charitably advises him, as an erring brother, who insults the common Father ; if he cannot do so, at least he prays for him that he may be enlightened, he does his best to repair the o£fence given to God, by acts of praise and blessing. XVH. EAST-days, in his eyes, are the days of the Lord , who has expressly consecrated them to His service, who has commanded their observance in the Old Law, a com- mandment confirmed in the New Law ; who has threatened to chastise the transgressors of that Law and promised a great reward to those who observe it. — The sincere Catholic holds that he can in no wise refuse to God such a just tribute of honor ; he considers that man himself profits there- by when resting from his labors. He, therefore, refrains from profaning them, and from doing, on such days, servile works, whatsoever may be the gain to result therefrom. He also strives to have them respected by others, using for thkt purpose both example and authority with those depending on him. xvin. B respects his parents, his superiors and his masters, because he remembers that he who resisteth against authority resis- teth against God Himself; he obeys them PRINCIPLES OF CHRISTIAN LIFE. XZ in all that is not contrary to the will of God, Father and supreme and universal Lord of all creatures. — If he be a father or a master himself, he rears his children or his subjects in religion and a salutary fear of God, he watches over their conduct, warns them of their failings, preserves them from occasions of evil and gives them good example and advice. XIX. N the second Commandment of Christian charity : Thou shalt lorjc fhy neighbor as thyself, he sees the order of God who wills that we do to others what we would that they should do to us, who likev/ise wills that we should look upon our fellow-creatures as children af the same heavenly Father : wherefore, he does not think that to devote one's self, for the love of God, to works of mercy spiritual and corporal, is a work either unrequired by duty or suggested by mere politeness ; on the contrary, he considers it as a duty and as a sign characteristic of the true disciple of Jesus Christ; for, it is the Saviour who has said : « By this shall all men know that you are my disciples, if you have love for one another. » • XX. B also considers, in that second precept, God's command not to do to others what we would not they should do to us, not to offend our neighbor in his person, in his honor or in his property. He, therefore, res- pects both the person and property of others; he abhors unjust gain or increase; faithful to his en- 12 PRINCIPLES OF CHRISTIAN LIFE. gage men ts in all circumstances, he never prefers usefulness to duty. He measures and moderates his speech so as not to hurt the fame af others ; he avoids spreading and favoring the slander that he hears ; he reveals not the secrets and faults that might endanger the esteem due to his neighbor ; if the fault be public, he speaks not of it ; or, if he does, he takes care to excuse the intentions of him who has been guilty of it. XXI. B regards his body as the temple of the Holy Ghost, because it contains a soul regenerated by God's grace and called to a heavenly heritage. He knows that to degrade it by sensual pleasures is to lower the dignity of man, is to despise the sacred character af the Christian, is to offend the all-pure eye of God, to whom nothing is hidden, is to prepare unhappiness in this world and dam- nation in the next. In order not to fall into such a vice, he guards his mind against dishonest thoughts and his heart against impure love, he shuns dangerous occa- sions ; he gives himself not up to the luxury and vanity of the world; he avoids corrupt compa- nions and obscene discourses ; he keeps aloof from spectacles and diversions that expose to danger the purity of his soul, he arms himself above all with the powerful buckler of prayer and continually walks in the presence of God. 1 I i I PRINCIPLES OF CHRISTIAN LIFE. i3 XXII. FTER the commandments of God, he is careful to observe the precepts of the Church/because he remembers the words of the Saviour : « He w^ho heareth you, beareth me ; he who despiseth you, despiseth me. » Wherefore he never neglects to assist at holy Mass on all holy-days, and he does so with respect and devotion. He lets himself not be deceived by those who cast discredit on Christian mortification, but he holds faithfully to the precept of the Church concerning both the quality of food and the absti- nence prescribed : he remembers that the Lord has ordained to all to « bring forth fruits worthy of penance. » With the same zeal he performs all things enjoined by the authority of the Church : in parti- cular, yearly confession and Easter communion ; he does not act thus from mere habit or human respect, but from a duty of conscience. XXIII. E holds in high esteem Christian piety which gives to man noble sentiments and prepares him for great deeds. He keeps the germs of devotion which he has recei- ved in early childhood, he derives later therefrom fruits of sincere religion and manly virtue. He serves God as a loving and respectful son; he esteems above every other the devotion towards the ever Blessed Virgin, to whom he has recourse in all his necessities and who gives him every =i 14 CH.^ISTIAJ^ LIF^. manner of help to remain firmly attached to his faith and to his own obligations, and to escape the corruption of tho world. c XXIV. iNALLY, he never forgets these three truths, which should be the guide and stay of the true Christian, in every circumstance : lo Sin is the true evil that we must always fear ; 20 The grace of God is the true good that we must always esteem ; 3° The salvation of our soul Is the supreme object to which we must al- ways aim. 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