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His Majesty has been pleased to command that, with the view of doing the fullest justice to Regi- ments, as well as to Individuals who have dis- tinguished themselves by their Bravery in Action with the Enemy, an Account of the Services of every Regiment in the British Army shall be pub- lished under the superintendence and direction of the Adjutant-General ; and that this Account shall contain the following particulars, viz. : — The Period and Circumstances of the Original Formation of the Regiment ; The Stations at which it has been from time to time employed ; The Battles, Sieges, and other Military Operations in which it has been engaged, particularly specifying any Achieve- ment it may have performed, and the Colours, Trophies, &c., it may have captured from the Enemy. The Names of the Officers, and the number of Non-Commissioned Officers and Privates Killed or Wounded by the Enemy, specifying the place and Date of the Action. a 11 GENERAL ORDERS. The Names of those Officers who, in con- sideration of their Gallant Services and Meritorious Conduct in Engagements with the Enemy, have been distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other Marks of His Majesty's grac us favour. The Names of all such Officers, Non-Com- missioned Officers, and Privates, as may have specially signalized themselves in Action. And, The Badges and Devices which the Regi- ment may have been permitted to bear, and the Causes on account of which such Badges or Devices, or any other Marks of Distinction, have been granted. By Command of the Right Honorable GENERAL LORD HILL, Commanding- in- Chief, John Macdonald, Ai^utant- General. ( iii ) PREFACE. The character and credit of the British Army must chiefly depend upon the zeal and ardour by which all who enter into its service are animated, and consequently it is of the highest importance that any measure calculated to excite the spirit of emulation, by which alone great and gallant actions are achieved, should be adopted. Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplishment of this desirable object than a full display of the noble deeds with which the Military History of our country abounds. To hold forth these bright examples to the imitation of the youthful soldier, and thus to incite him to enmlate the meritorious conduct of those who have preceded him in their honorable career, are among the motives that have given rise to the present publication. The operations of the British Troops are, indeed^ announced in the " London Gazette," from whence they are transferred into the public prints: the achievements of our armies are thus made known at the time of their occurrence, and receive the tribute a2 iv I'REFACR. 1 of praise and admiration to which they arc entitled. On extraordinary occasions, the Houses of Parliament have been in the hahit of conferring on the Com- manders, and the Officers and Troops acting under their orders, expressions of approbation and of thanks for their skill and bravery ; and these testimonials, confirmed by the high honour of their Sovereign's approbation, constitute the reward which the soldier most highly prizes. It hiis not, however, until late years, been the prac- tice (which appears to have long prevailed in some of the Continental armies) for British Regiments to keep regular records of their services and achievements. Hence some difficulty has been experienced in obtain- ing, particularly from the old Regiments, an au- thentic account of their origin and subsequent services. This defect will now be remedied, in consequence of His Majesty having been pleased to command that every Regiment shall, in future, keep a full and ample record of its services at home and abroad. From the materials thus collected, the country will henceforth derive information as to the difficulties and privations which chequ r the career of those who embrace the military profession. In Great Britain, where so large a number of persons are devoted to the active concerns of agriculture, manufactures, and commerce, and where these pursuits have, for so PREFACE. long a period, being undisturbed by the presence of war^ which few other countries have escaped, com- paratively little is known of the vicissitudes of active service and of the casualties of climate, to which, even during peace, the British Troops are exposed in every part of the globe, with little or no interval of repose. In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which the country derives from the industry and the enter- prise of the agriculturist and the trader, its happy inhabitants may be supposed not often to reflect on the perilous duties of the soldier and the sailor, — on their sufferings, — and on the sacrifice of valuable life, by which so many national benefits are obtained and preserved. The conduct of the British Troops, their valour, and endurance, have shone conspicuously under great and trying difficulties ; and their character has been established in Continental warfare by the irresistible spirit with which they have eflfected debarkations in spite of the most formidable opposition, and by the gallantry and steadiness with which they have main- tained their advantages against superior numbers. In the official Reports made by the respective Com- manders, ample justice has generally been done to the gallant exertions of the Corps employed; but the details of their services and of acts of individual s.- PREFACE. bravery can only be fully given in the Annals of the various Regiments. These Records are now preparing for publication, under his Majesty's special authority, by Mr. Richard Cannon, Principal Clerk of the Adjutant General's Office ; and while the perusal of them can- not fail to be useful and interesting to military men of every rank, it is considered that they will also afford entertainment and information to the general reader, particularly to those who may have served in the Army, or who have relatives in the Service. There exists in the breasts of most of those who have served, or are serving, in the Army, an Eftprit de Corps — an attachment to everything belonging to their Regiment ; to such persons a narrative of the services of their own Corps cannot fail to prove interesting. Authentic accounts of the actions of the great, the valiant, the loyal, have always been of paramount interest with a brave and civilized people. Great Britain has produced a race of heroes who, in moments of danger and terror, have stood " firm as the rocks of their native shore :" and when half the world has been arrayed against them, they have fought the battles of their Country with un- shaken fortitude. It is presumed that a record of achievements in war, — victories so complete and sur- prising, gained by our countrymen, our brothers, PRKFACE. VII our f't'llow citizens in arms, — a record which revives the memory of the brave, and brings their gallant deeds before us, will certainly prove acceptable to the public. Biographical memoirs of the Colonels and other distinguished Officers will be introduced in the Kecords of their respective Regiments, and the Honorary Distinctions which have, from time to time, been conferred upon each Regiment, as testify- ing the value and importance of its services, will be faithfully set forth. As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record of each Regiment will be printed in a distinct num- ber, so that when the whole shall be completed, the Parts may be bound up in numerical succession. Pi; i;it If INTRODUCTION TO THE INFANTRY. The natives of Britain have, at all periods, been celebrated for innate courage and unshaken firmness, and the national superiority of •'he British troops over those of other countries has oeen evinced in the midst of the most imminent perils. History con- tains so many proofs of extraordinary acts of bravery, that no doubts can be raised upon the facts which are recorded. It must therefore be admitted, that the distinguishing feature of the British soldier is Intrepidity. This quality was evinced by the inhabitants of England when their country was invaded by Julius Cajsar with a Roman army, on which occasion the undaunted Britons rushed into the sea to attack the Roman soldiers as they de- scended from their ships ; and, although their dis-* cipline and arms were inferior to those of their adversaries, yet their fierce and dauntless bearing intimidated the flower of the Roman troops, in- cluding Caesar's favourite tenth legion. Their arms consisted of spears, short swords, and other weapons of rude construction. They had chariots, to the ! m X INTRODUCTION axles of which were fastened sharp pieces of iron resembling scythe-blades, and infantry in long chariots resembling waggons, who alighted and fought on foot, and for change of ground, pursuit or retreat, sprang into the chariot and drove off with the speed of cavalry. These inventions were, however, unavailing against Caesar's legions: in the course of time a military system, with dis- cipline and subordination, was introduced, and British courage, being thus regulated, was exerted to the greatest advantage; a full development of the national character followed, and it shone forth in all its native brilliancy. The military force of the Anglo Saxons consisted principally of infantry: Thanes, and other men of property, however, fought on horseback. The infantry were of two classes, heavy and light. The former carried large shields armed with spikes, long broad swords and spears ; and the latter .were armed with swords or spears only. They had also men armed with clubs, others with battle-axes and javelins. The feudal troops established by William the Conqueror consisted (as already stated in the Intro- duction to the Cavalry) almost entirely of horse ; 'but when the warlike barons and knights, with their trains of tenants and vassals, took the field, a pro- portion ot men appeared on foot, and, although these were of inferior degree, they proved stout- hearted Britons of stanch fidelity. When stipen- diary troops were employed, infantry always con- stituted a considerable portion of the military force ; TO THE INFANTRY. V iron long e forth msisted men of The light. spikes, r ..were ad also Les and im the 3 Intro- horse ; li their a pro- Ithough stout- stipen- ds con- force ; and this arme haa sip*' acquired, in every quarter of the globe, a celt .ty never exceeded by the ayniies of any nation at any period. The weapons carried by the infantry, during the several reigns succeeding the Conquest, were bows and arrows, half-pikes, lances, halberds, various kinds of battle-axes, swords, and daggers. Armour was worn on the head and body, and in course of time the practice became general for military men to be so completely cased in steel, that it was almost impossible to slay them. The introduction of the use of gunpowder in the destructive purposes of war, in the early part of the fourteenth century, produced a change in the arms and equipment of the infantry-soldier. Bows and arrows gave place to various kinds of fire-arms, but British archers continued formidable adversaries; and owing to the inconvenient construction and im- perfect bore of the fire-arms when first introduced, a body of men, well trained in the use of the bow from their youth, was considered a valuable acqui- sition to every army, even as late as the sixteenth century. During a great part of the reign of Queen Eliza- beth each company of infantry usually consisted of men armed five different ways ; in every hundred men forty were ^^men-at-arms," and sixty '■^ shot ;" the " men-at-arms" were ten halberdiers, or battle- axe men, and thirty pikemen ; and the " shot" were twenty archers, twenty musketeers, and twenty harquebusiers, and each man carried, besides his principal weapon, a sword and dagger. Xll INTRODUCTION Companies of infantry varied at this period in numbers from 150 to 300 men ; each company had a colour or ensign, and the mode of formation re- commended by an English military writer (Sir John Smithe) in 1590 was : — the colour in the centre of the company guarded by the halberdiers ; the pike- men in equal proportions, on each flank of the halberdiers: half the nmsketeers on each flank of the pikes ; half the archers on each flank of the mus- keteers, and the harquebusiers (whose arms were much lighter than the muskets then in use) in equal proportions on each flank of the company for skirmish- ing.* It was customary to unite a number of com- panies into one body, called a Regiment, which frequently amounted to three thousand men : but each company continued to carry a colour. Nume- rous improvements were eventually introduced in the construction of fire-arms, and, it having been found impossible to make armour proof against the muskets then in use (which carried a very heavy ball) without its being too weighty for the soldier, armour was gradually laid aside by the infantry in the seven- teenth century : bows and arrows also fell into dis- use, and the infantry were reduced to two classes, viz. : musketeers^ armed with matchlock muskets. * A company of 200 men would appear thus;- 20 20 20 30 30 20 20 20 Harquebuses. Archers. Muskets. Pikes. Halberds. Pikes. Muskets, .\rcliers. Harquebuses. The musket carried a hall which weighed ^yh of a pound ; and the harquebus a ball which weighed j'jth of a pound. )d in |y had )n re- John Itre of pike- ^f the ik of mus- TO THK INFANTRY. XIII swords, and daggers ; and pikeineriy armed with pikes from fourteen to eighteen feet long, and swords. In the early part of the seventeenth century Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, reduced the strength of regiments to 1000 men ; he caused the gunpowder, which had heretofore been carried in flasks, or in small wooden bandoliers, each contain- ing a charge, to be made up into cartridges, and carried in pouches; and he formed each regiment into two wings of musketeers, and a centre division of pikemen. He also adopted the practice of form- ing four regiments into a brigade ; and the number of colours was afterwards reduced to three in each regiment. He formed his columns so compactly that his infantry could resist the charge of the celebrated Polish horsemen and Austrian cuirassiers ; and his armies became the admiration of other nations. His mode of formation was copied by the English, French, and other European states ; but so great was the prejudice in favour of ancient customs, that all his improvements were not adopted until near a century afterwards. In 1664 King Charles II. raised a corps for sea- service, styled the Admiral's regiment. In 1678 each company of 100 men usually consisted of 30 pikemen, 60 musketeers, and 10 men armed with light firelocks. In this year the King added a com- pany of men armed with hand-grenades to each of the old British regiments, which was designated the " grenadier company." Daggers were so contrived as to fit in the muzzles of the muskets, and bayonets A it ,.>r if ?• XIV INTllODUCTION similar to those at present in use were adopted about twenty years afterwards. An Ordnance regiment was raised in 1685, by order of King James II., to guard the artillery, and was designated the Royal Fusiliers (now 7th Foot). This corps, and the companies of grenadiers, did not carry pikes. King William III. incorporated the Admiral's regiment in the second Foot Guards, and raised two Marine regiments for sea-service. During the war in this reign, each company of infantry (ex- cepting the fusiliers and grenadiers) consisted of 14 pikemeu and 46 musketeers; the captains carried pikes ; lieutenants, partisans ; ensigns, half-pikes ; and Serjeants, halberds. After the peace in 1697 the Marine regiments were disbanded, but were again formed on the breaking out of the war in 1702.* During the reign of Queen Anne the pikes were laid aside, and every infantry soldier was armed with a musket, bayonet, and sword ; the grenadiers ceased, about the same period, to carry hand gre- nades ; and the regiments were directed to lay aside their third colour : the corps of Royal Artillery was first added to the Army in this reign. About the year 1745, the men of the battalion companies of infantry ceased to carry swords ; during * The 30th, 3l8t, and 32nd Regiments were formed as Marine corps in 1702, and wore employed as such during the wars in the reign of Queen Anne. The Marine corps were embarlccd in the Fleet under Admiral Sir George Rooi nial territories in distant and unfavourable climes. The supf'riority of the British infantry has been pre-eminently set forth in the wars of six centuries, and admitted by the greatest commanders which Europe has produced. The formations and move- ments of this arnie, as at present practised, while they are adapted to every species of warfare, and to all probable situations and circumstances of service, are calculated to show forth the brilliancy of military tactics calculated upon mathematical and scientific principles. Although the movements and evolutions have been copied from the continental armies, yet various improvements have from time to time been introduced, to insure that simplicity and celerity by which the superiority of the national military cha- racter is maintained. The rank and influence which Great Britain has attained among the nations of the world, have in a great measure been purchased by the valour of the Army, and to persons who have the welfare of their country at heart, the records of the several regiments cannot fail to prove interesting. THE FIFTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT. TI I 2- ■ HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE FIFTEENTH, OH, THE YORKSHIRE EAST RIDING, REGIMENT OF FOOT, CONTAININa AN ACCOUNT OF THE FORMATION OF THE liEGlMENT IN 1685, AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES TO 1848. COMPILED BY RICHARD CANNON, Esq. ADJDTANT-OENEKAL's office, HOBSE GUABDiJ. ILLUSTRATED WITH PLATES. LONDON : PARKER, FURNIVALL, & PARKER, 30 CHARING CROSS. Jl UCCC XLVJII. Ill It ; .ONUON ..U.NTKD BT ^V. CU>^VKS AND ^ONS, BTA..F..UD WUKKT. roil iiKU M\jBarva stationkkv okhob. ■4 "•■'"'ir.v . -n ; THE FIFTEENTH, OB, THE YORKSHIRE EAST RIDING, REGIMENT OF FOOT, BEABS OM TU£ REGIMENTAL COLOUa THE WOBUS » M A R T I N I Q U E," AND " GUADALOUPE," IN COMMEMOKATION OF THE GALLANTRY DISPLAYED IN THE CAITUBE OF THOSE ISLANDS IN THE YEARS ISOO AND 1810. A 2 FIFTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT. CONTENTS. Year 1685 Formation of the Regiment at Nottingham 1686 Establishment 1687 Encamped on Ilounslow Ileatli . 1688 Revolution in Great Britain Marched to Scotland 1689 Battle of Killicrankie 1690 at Cromdale Marched to Inverlochy 1691 Submission of the Highlanders to King William and Queen Mary 1694 Embarked for Flanders — — Engaged in the capture of Huy .... 1 695 at Fort Kenoque at the surrender of Dixmude to the French Colonel Sir James Lesley cashiered, and suc- ceeded by Colonel Emanuel Howe Garrison of Namur surrendered . Released from prisoners of war . 1696 Marched to Bruges . . 1697 Proceeded to Brussels . Treaty of Peace at Ryswick Embarked for England Proceeded to Ireland . Page I 2 4 5 6 8 10 11 12 13 14 XXVI CONTENTS. m n ■■ Year 1701 Preparations for War with France Re-einbarkeil for Holland .... Reviewed at Breda by King William III. . 1702 Proceeded to Rosendael Siege of Kayserswerth Engaged at Nimegueu .... War declared against France and Spain The Earl of Marlborough assumed the comman of the army in Flanders Engaged at tiie siege of Venloo . Ruremonde . 1 Liege 1703 Surrender of Bonn Proceeded toMaestricht .... Engaged at the capture of Huy . , — Limburg . . 1704 Proceeded from Holland to the Danube . Joined the Imperial Army .... Battle of Schellenberg .... Blenheim — — Marshal Tallard taken prisoner, and the French Army defeated Siege of Landau 1705 Re-capture of lluy Forced the French lines at Neer-Hespen and Helixem 1706 Battle of Ramilies Many prisoners, with cannon, colours, &c. take: Surrender of Brussels, Ghent, &c. of Ostend of Menin • of Dendermond and Aeth . 1708 Re-embarked for England to repel the invasion of the Pretender ..... Returned to Flanders Pago 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 CONTENTS. XXVll Year 1708 1709 1710 1711 Battle of Oudenarde . Engaged In the Siege of Lisle Re-capture of Ghent and Bruges Siege and Capture of Tournay Battle of Malplaquet . Siege and Capture of Mons Marched into winter-quarters at Forced the French lines at Pont Siege and Captunj of Douay Encamped at Villars-Brulin Surrender of Bethune . of Aix and St. Venant IMarched into quarters at Courtray Encamped at Warde and reviewed by the Duke of Marlborough Forced the French lines at Arleux Siege and surrender of Bouchain 1712 1713 1714 1715 1719 1728 1740 1741 Negociations for peace commenced . Duke of Ormond assumed the command of the Army Returned to Ghent Removed to Dunkirk to Nieuport Returned to England Decease of Queen Anne, and accession of King George I Employed against the rebels in Great Britain Employed in Scotland Invasion of a Spanish force at Kintail Defeat and surrender of the invaders at Glensheil Reviewed at Blackheath by King George II. Encamped in the Isle of Wight . Embarked for the "West Indies . Arrived at Jamaica Sailed for Carthagena Pago 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 xxvin CONTENTS. ' Year 1741 1742 1745 1746 1748 1749 1751 1755 1756 1757 1758 Attack and capture of Bocca-chica . Siege of the Castle of St. Lazar .... Forts of Carthagena destroyed .... Returned to Jamaica Re-embarked for England Embarked for Ostend Ostend captured by the French .... Recalled to England in consequence of the French invasion Battle of CuUoden Embarked for the coast of France, and pro- ceeded against Port L'Orient and Quil)eron Returned to England Peace concluded at Aix-la-Chapelle . Proceeded to Ireland Royal Warrant issued for regulating the clothing colours, &c. War re-commenced with France Returned to England Encamped at Blandford .... Encamped at Barham-Downs Embarked on an expedition against the coast of France Capture of tlie Isle of Aix .... Returned to England Embarked for North America . Formed part of an expedition against Louisbourg, and in the taking of the Island of Cape Breton, under Brigadier-General James Wolfe Tlie captured colours, &c. i -esented to the King, and publickly conveyed from Kensington I'alace to St. Paul's Cathedral . Rewarded by the approbation of the Sovereign, and by tlie thanks of Parliament. Pago ai 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 J" % i < CONTENT?. XXIX Year 17«39 Embarked in an expedition against Quebec, under Major-General James Wolfe Death of Major-General Wolfe .... Surrender of Quebec Approbation of the King of the conduct of the troops, thanks of Parliament, and public thanksgiving of the Nation .... 1760 Defence of Quebec against an attempt of the French to retake it , . . Joined in an attack on Montreal Conquest of Canada .... 1761 Encamped at Staten Island . Embarked for Barbadoes . 1762 Engaged on an expedition in the capture of Martinique Embarked on an expedition to the Havannah Capture of Moro Fort, nine ships of war, &c 1763 Peace with Spain concluded . . The Havannah restored to Spain . Embarked for New York, and proceeded to Canada . . .... ng George III. 1768 Embarked for England 1770 Reviewed at Chatham by Ki 1772 Marclied to Scotland . 1774 Embarked for Ireland. 1776 War with North America Embarked for America Proceeded on an expedition against Charleston Re-embarked and proceeded to Staten Island Effected a landing at Long Island Proceeded against New York White Plains Fort Washington 1777 Peek's-Hill . Danbury Pn£e 39 41 42 43 44 44 45 46 47 48 XXX Year 1777 CONTENTS. Arrived at Ridgefield Engag«l at the Hill of Conipo . Einbariit'd at New York .... Procee Emanuel Howe — 1709 Algernon Earl of Hertford, afterwards Duke of Somerset. ....... 86 1715 Harry Harrison — 1749 John Jordan 87 175() Jeffery Amherst, afterwards LortI Amherst . — 17()8 Ciiarles Hotham, afterwards Thompson . . 88 1775 Richard Earl of Cavan 89 1778 Sir William Fawcett, K.B — 1 792 James Hamilton 92 1794 Henry Watson Powell — 1814 Sir Moore Disney, K.C.B _ 1846 Sir PhineasRiall, K.CH 93 APPENDIX. Battles, Sieges, &c., from 1689 to 1697 from 1702 to 1713 95 96 PLATES. Colours of the Regiment Costume of the Regiment to face 1 82 ! !F '1 !K T IK IK 1^^ T ^lil K iK I '. Hll .K ".'^ "I" : ,^ F 'F T HISTORICAL RECORD OP THE FIFTEENTH, OR YORKSHIRE EAST RIDING REGIMENT 0¥ FOOT. Peace with foreign nations and tranquillity at home, jggs accompanied by improvements in the domestic and commercial interests of the kingdom, followed the ac- cession of King Jamks II. to the throne, in February, 1685; but few months elapsed before James Duke of Monmouth appeared as a competitor to the throne, and raised an army in the west of England. The King immediately augmented his regular forces; and among the corps then raised was the regiment which now bears the title of the Fifteenth Regiment of Foot. This corps was raised in Nottinghamshire and the adjoining counties, the general rendezvous being at Nottingham ; and the several companies of which it was composed were raised by the following gentlemen : — Sir William Clifton, Cotter, Baker, William Barnes, William Dobyns, Thomas Fowke, John Stanhope, Warren, William Stow, and B II s- 2 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE 1G85 RoGKR KiRKHY, Sill WiLLiAM Clifton was appointed colonel by commission dated the 22nd of June, 1G85 ; Captain Cotter was appointed to be lieut -colonel, and Cajitain Baker to be major. While many loyal men were arraying themselves under the Kinf^'s banner, and the several companies of the regiment were making rapid progress towards being comi)lcted in numbers, the rebel army was over- thrown at Sedgemoor, and the Duke of Monmouth was afterwards captured and beheaded. In August, the regiment marched from Nottingham to Hounslow, and pitched its tents on the heath ; where it was reviewed by the King, who thanked the officers and soldiers for the readiness they had evinced to support the Crown ;it the moment of danger : it afterwards marched to London, was quartered for a short period in Moorfields, and in September proceeded to Carlisle, North Shields, Landguard Fort, and Scar- borough Castle, where it passed the winter. 1G86 The King, having resolved to retain the regiment in his service, fixed its establishment, by warrant under the sign-manuab bearing date the 1st of January, 1G85-G, at the following numbers and rates of pay (see p. 3). In the spring, the regiment proceeded into York- shire, and was quartered at York, Hull, &c. Colonel Sir William Clifton retired from the service, and was succeeded by Colonel Arthur Herbert, after ^ wards Earl Torrlngton, by commission dated Tith of May, 168G. 1687 The regiment passed this year in the north of England; in February, 1687, it marched to Kingston- upon-Thames, from which detachments proceeded to Windsor, to mount guard at the castle. At the same riFTEENTU REGIMENT OF FOOT. CuLONEL Sill William Clifton's Regiueny. Staff. The Colonel, as Culonel . Lieut, -Colonel, as Lieut.- Colonel Major, as Major Clmplaiii Cliinirgeoii 'is., his Muti> 2s. (id . Adjutant Qiiaitei'-Mostcr and Marshal . Total for Staff The Colonel's Company. The Colonel, as Captain Lieutenant Ensign 2 Serjeants, Is. (yd. each , 3 Corijorals, Is, each , 1 Drummer . . . , 50 Soldiers, 8d. eacli . Total for one Company Nine Companies more at the same rate Total per day . Per Annum £10.922 12s. Gd. 1687 Pay per day. £. s. d. 12 7 5 U 6 8 C e U 4 4 2 5 2 8 4 3 3 3 « 1 1 13 4 2 15 4 24 18 29 18 6 time a grenadier company was added to the establish- ment. On the 12th of April, Colonel Herbert was succeeded in the command of the regiment by Colonel Sackvillc Tufton, brother to the Eai'l of Thanet. At this period, the following officers were holding commissions in the regiment : — b2 IIISTOIIICAL RECORD OF THE H m 1687 Captains. Sackvillc Tufton (col). Rupert Billingsby(lt.- col). Edward Nott (major). John South. William Stow. William Barns. Jolui Stanhope. Thomas Fowkcs. William Dobyns. Roger Kirk by. Sackvillc Tut'ton, J Lieutenants. William Sandys. Pierce Row. Ralph Philips. William Ilussey. Matthew Rugby, John Thornill. John Dakeyns. James Prince. Michael Baker. Peter Ashton. Ensigns. Joshua Dereham. John Davies. Charles Rckc. Thomas Whctham.* William Lasccls. Robert Adams. John Graydon. John Larson. John Price, William Kirkby. J Grenadier Company. iJohn Baron. Andrew Armstrong./ Charles Pharlcy, Chaplain. Robert Baker, Ckirurgeon. Gregory Broom, Adjutant. Tliomas Gibbons, Quarter-Master. In June, the regiment again pitched its tents on Hounslow Heath, where it took part in several military spectacles, cxhi1)ited in the presence of the royal family; and afterwards marched into quarters in Norfolk, It once more encamped on Hounslow Heath in the sum- 1688 mer of 1688, and subsequently proceeded to Berwick, where it arrived in September. An officer of the regi- ment states in his memoirs, ' I sojourned two peaceable ' campaigns on Hounslow Heath ; where I was an ' eye-witness of one mock siege of Buda ; after which 'our regiment was ordei'cd to Berwick,'! At this period, England was in an agitated state ; the proceedings of the King in favour of papacy and arbitrary government had occasioned many noblemen * Afterwards colonel of the twenty-seventh foot, \ Memoirs of Captain George Caklbton. This officer was appointed lieutenant in the Fifteenth foot, from tlie Dutch service, in June, 1687. He was born at Ewehne in Oxfordshire, and was descended from an an- cient and honorable family : Lord Dudley Carleton, who died Secretary of State to King Charles I., was his great-uncle ; and in the same reign, his father was envoy in Spain, and his uncle ambassador in Holland. Several editions of his Memoirs have been printed. FIFTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT. and gentlemen to invite the Prince of Orange to come 1688 to Kngland with an army, to enable them to oppose the Court. The Prince arrived in November • the King fled to France ; and the Prince assumed the reinp of government. Colonel Tufton, not agreeing with the new order of things, was succeeded in the command of the regiment by Colonel Sir James Lesley, by commission dated the 31st of December, 1088. The Prince and Princess of Orange having been 1689 elevated to the throne by the title of King William the Third and Queen Mary, their accession was opposed in Scotland, where the Duke of Gordon held the Castle of Edinburgh in theinterestof King James, and Viscount Dundee aroused the Highland clans to arms. In con- sequence of these proceedings, the regiment was ordered to Scotland, in the spring of 1689; and it was stationed at Leith, as a reserve and support to the troops block- ading Edinburgh Castle, until the beginning of June when it was ordered up the country tojoin the forces under Major- General Mackay, who was retreating before the Highlanders under Viscount Dundee. The regiment joined Major- General Mackay about six o'clock on the evening of the 5th of June ; other troops also arrived, and the major-general being thus rein- forced, advanced against the clans, who instantly retired towards the mountain fastnesses. The Fif- teenth foot followed the retreating Highlanders to the borders of the wilds of Lochaber, and afterwards proceeded to Inverness, where the regiment was sta- tioned some time. Captain Carlcton states in his memoirs : * We ' marched to Inverness, a place of no great strength, ' where we lay two long winters, perpetually harassed 6 IHSTOniCAIi HECOllD OF THE m J. f hi 144 1689 'upon parties, and hunting of somewhat wilder than ' their wildest game, — the HighUinders, who were, if not •as nimble-footed, yet fully as hard to be found.' While the regiment was at Inverness, the battle of Killicrankie was fought, in which the King's troops were defeated, and Viscount Dundee was killed. He was succeeded by Major-General Cannon. 1690 In April, 1690, Brigadier-General Sir Thomas Livino-stone, who commanded at Inverness, ascertained that a general rendezvous of the clans was ap])ointed to take place at Strathspey, from whence they ])urposed descending in a body into the Lowlands ; and that two thousand men, under Major-Generals Cannon and Bufhan, would arrive at Cromdale on the 30th of April ; he therefore advanced with the royal Scots dragoons (Greys^, Fifteenth foot, and some detachments, to attack the Highlanders. At dusk, on the evening of the 30th of April, the troo])S arrived within two miles of Balloch Castle ; they traversed the difficult defile in the dark, and arriving at the castle, had the camp- lights of tiic enemy, on a plain beyond the S])ey, pointed out to them ; when, notwithstanding the fatigue they had undergone, the soldiers expressed a wish to be led forward. After a halt of half an hour for refresh- ment, the troops crossed the Spey at a ford, and advanced towards the camp, when several small parties of Highlanders were seen attempting to escape towards the hills, and a squadron of the Greys galloped forward to intercept the fugitives. The soldiers rushed into the camp and commenced the work of destruction ; at the same time a party of the Fiftekntu attacked the enemy's guard at Cromdale- church. The High- landers, suddenly aroused from sleep, endeavoured to escape without clothes, and through the misty dawn \i\ FIFTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT. numbers were seen running in every direction, some 1690 attempting to escape on any terms, and others defend- ing themselves stoutly with sword and target, against the dragoons, and soldiers of the Fiftkentii fi.ot, who made great slaughter. Major-Generals Cannon and Duchan were taken by surprise as much as their men, and the one escaped with his shirt and night-cap only, and the other without coat, hat, or sword. ' We pur- ' sued them till they got up Cromdale-hill, where we ' lost them in a fog ; and to me, at that instant of time, ' they seemed rather to be people received up into ' the clouds, than flying from an enemy.' * The enemy had placed a small «!;arrison in Lethindy Castle, which was summoned to surrender; but the Highlanders fired upon the party, and wounded throe grenadiers of the Fifteenth foot. Lieut- Carleton, of the regiment, proceeded to an old house near the castle, from whence he threw two or three hand- grenades into the works, which so alarmed the enemy, that they instantly surrendered. About three hundred Highlanders were killed on this occasion, and one hun- dred taken prisoners : a standard, which had been unfurled a few days previously for King James, was captured. The loss of the King's troops was limited to a few horses killed and wounded and five men wounded.| 'This happened on Mtay-day, in the morn- ' ing ; for which reason we returned to Inverness with ' our prisoners and boughs in our hats ; and the High- ' landers never held up their heads so high after this ' defeat.' • General Mackay having received orders to build a ' fort at Inverlochy, our regiment was commanded to * Caileton's Memoirs. t London Gu/ctlo. 8 mSTOIlICAL BECOUl) OF THE ■ I if i'i' I '!■- 1G90 ' that service. The two regiments ap])ointed to the 'same duty, with some dragoons, having joined (in •J line), we marched together through Lochaher. This * surely is the wildest country in the Highlands, if not ' in tlie world ; I did not see one house in all our march ; ' and the economy of the ])eoj)le, if I may call it such, ' is much the same with that of the Arabs or Tartars. ' In this march, or rather, if you please, most dismal * ])eregrination, we could rarely go two ahrcast ; so ' that our very little army had sometimes an extent of 'many miles; our enemy, the Highlanders, firing down ' upon us, from the summits of the mountains, all the ' way. Nor was it possible for our men, or very rarely ' at least, to return their favours with any prospect of ' success ; for, as they popped upon us always on a ' sudden, they never staid long enough to allow any of ' our soldiers a mark, or even time enough to fire : and, ' for our men to march or climb up those mountains, ' which to them were natural champaign, would have ' been as dangerous as it ai)peared to us impracticable. ' Nevertheless, under all these disadvantages, we ar- ' rived at Inverlochy, and there performed the task * appointed, building a fort on the same spot where * Cromwell had raised one before : and, which was not a 'little remarkable, we had with us one Hill, a colonel, ' who had been governor in Oliver's time, and who was * now again appointed governor by General Mackay. * Thus the work on which we were sent being effected, ' we marched back again by the way of Killicrankic, ' where that memorable battle had been fought, under ' Dundee, the year before.'* ■J * Carleton'g Memoirs. — From a defect of memory, Captain Carleton lias placed the expedition to Inverlochy after the action at Cromdale. FIFTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT. 9 After its return from Inverlochy, the regiment was 1691 stationed some time at Inverness; uhere Lieutenant CarU'ton was rewarded with a commission of captain in Brigadier-General Tiffin's regiment (now twenty- seventh foot) for his distinguished conduct at the action at Cromdale. Defeated on every occasion, and over- awed by numerous garrisons, the Highlanders lost all hope of success, and in 1G91 they tendered their sub- mission to King William. A proclamation was after- wards published, offering indemnity and pardon to all who should cease opposition to the government and take the oath of allegiance, before the 1st of January, 1G92. I'ranquillity being thus restored in Scotland, the 1692 regiment became disposable for other service; it, how- ever, remained in the northern districts of the king- dom during the year 1693. In the meantime, the Jkitish Monarch was engaged 1(593 in war to arrest the progress of the French aggressions on the continent. The King of France brought an army of superior numbers into the field, and gained several advantages. The allies made strenuous exertions to raise new 1694 levies, augment the strength of their contingents, and to turn the balance of war in their favour ; the FiFTKKNTH foot was ono of the corps selected to pro- ceed on foreign service. The regiment embarked from Scotland in the spring of 1694, and landed at Ostend, marched from thence to Malines, where it was sta- tioned until the army took the field. In the beginning of June, the British train of artillery arrived at Malines, from whence it advanced under the escort of the twelfth. Fifteenth, and Buchan's (afterwards disbanded) regiments, and joined 10 1IIRTOIUCAI. llECOIll) OK TIIK ; i 1094 the army under Kinj;' William in person, at the camp at Hcrtofifcndalo, cm tlu- (jth of June. The tenth, fourteenth, Fii'tiiknth, seventeenth, Castleton's, and Lauder's (afterwards disbanded) regiments, were formed in brij^ade under Brigadier-General Stuart, in the division under Majiu'-Cieneral Ik'ibisis. The regiment took part in the oj)erations of this campaign, and the numbers of the confederate forces were so far augmented, tliat the ])rogre8s of French conquest was arresled, die enemy was forced to act on the (U'fensive, and in the autumn the allies be- sieged and captured the fortress of 11 uy. The Fif- teen! ii formed part of the covering army during the siege; and afterwards marched to Dixmudc, where they halted a few days, and subsequently went into cantonments in the villages along the canal of Niou- port. where they were statiomd during the winter. 1G95 From these quarters, the regiment was called in May, 109'), to enter ujxm the active services of another campaign, and it pitched its tents near Dixmude, where a small force was assembled under Major-Ge- neral EUemberg ; at the same time the main army took the field under King William. In June, the Duke of W'irtemburg took the command of the troops at Dixmudc; reinforcements also arrived; and an attack was made on Fo7't Kcnoqnc, situated at the junction of the Loo and Dixmude canals, with the view of draw- ing the French forces to the Flanders side of their fortified lines, to favour the design of besieging Namur. On the 0th of June, the grenadiers of the Fifteenth, and other corps employed on this enter- prise, drove the enemy from the entrenchments and houses near the Loo canal; and the attempts made by the French to regain this post were repulsed. A re- KIFTKKNTII HKdlMKNT OK FOOT. 11 (l<)ul)t was al'tcrwiinlH taken, and a lodgment effected 1095 on the works at the hridj^e, in which ucrvice the regi- ment had Huveral men killed and wounded. These attacks ])roduced the desired efTect ; the fortrese of Namur was invested, and the attack on Fi)rt Keiiocjue was soon afterwards desisted from, when the Fif- TKKNTii regiment returned to Dixmude. During the early ])art of the siege of Namur, the FiF- Ti'iKNTii foot, commanded by their colonel, Sir James Lesley, were in garrison at JHxinudc, a fortress of very little strength, under Major-(ieneral KUemherg, a foreign officer. On the l.'ith of .luly, this place was invested by a stnmg division of the French army, under General de Montal, who commenced the siege with vigour. Major-Ceneral EUemberg failed to make that spirited op])osition to the enemy which the circumstances of the case called for : he a])peared to view the ])rogress of the besieging army with apathy ; and eventually called a council of war, to which ho advanced several reasons why the town could not bo defended, and proposed to capitulate to save the garri- son, which was agreed to by the m^' nty of the council of war, although o])posed by otht-rs. When the sol- diers were informed they were t<> become prisoners of war, they became enraged at not being ])ermitted to defend the place, many of them broke their arms to pieces, and some tore their regimental colours from the staves, that they might not bo delivered to the enemy. D'Auvcrgno states, in his history of this campaign, — ' The body of the garrison had the same ' heart and soul w ith their comrades which did such won- 'dcrs before Namur;' but the soldiers were delivered into the power of the enemy against their will. The soldiers of the Fifteenth were sent prisoners 12 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE n- 1695 to Ypres ; the conditions ot the cartel were afterwards violated by the enemy ; the British were sent to Arras, Bethune, Bouchain, &c., the officers were placed in close confinement, and attempts were made to induce the men to enter the French service. When the castle of Namur surrendered, the garri- son was permitted to march out with the honors of war ; but Marshal Boufflers was arrested, and detained until the British and other soldiers of the allied army, kept prisoners contrary to the cartel, were released. This produced the desired effect; the Fifteenth re- joined the army, and marched into quarters at the town of Damme, where they received new arms and equipment. All the officers concerned in the surrender of Dix- mude, were tried by a general court-martial : Major- General Ellemberg was sentenced to be beheaded, and executed at Ghent on the 20th of November, Colonel Sir James Lesley, and several other officers were cashiered. King William conferred the colonelcy of the Fif- teenth regiment on Colonel Emanuel Howe, from captain and lieut. -colonel in the first foot guards. 1696 After passing several months at Damme, and re- ceiving a detachment of recruits from England, the regiment marched, early in 1696, to Bruges, where it was left in garrison when the army took the field. On the 20th of May, it marched out of Bruges, and pitched its tents along the banks of the canal, where it was posted several weeks. The regiment served the campaign of this year with the army of Flanders, under the Prince of Vaudemont ; it was formed in brigade with a battalion of the royals, the twelfth, and Collingwood's (afterwards disbanded) t f FIFTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT. 13 regiments, under Brigadier-General the Earl of 1696 Orkney ; and was stationed, during the summer, along the banks of the Bruges canal, to cover Ghent, Bruges, and the maritime towns of West Flanders, which service was fully accomplished. In the autumn, the regiment marched into garrison at Bruges, where five regiments of cavalry and eleven of infantry were stationed during the winter. On the 13th of March, 1697, the regiment quitted I697 Bruges, and proceeded to Brussels, from whence it advanced , through the forest of Soignies, and pitched its tents near the village of Waterloo. It served the campaign of this year with the army of Brabant, under King William ; and brought into the field forty officerjj, thirty-four Serjeants, twenty-five drummers, sixty-three grenadiers, one hundred and sixty pikemen, and five hundred and eighty musketeers (including men detached). The Fifteknth, seventeenth, twenty •• seventh, CoUingwood's, and Saunderson's (afterwards disbanded) regiments, were formed in brigade under Brigadier-General Tiffin, in the division commanded by Lieut.-General Sir Henry Bellasis. The regiment took part in the operations of the cam- paign ; and when the French commanders menaced Brussels with a siege, the Fiftkknth marched with the army, from Waterloo through the forest, during the night of the 22nd of June, in dark »rid tempestu- ous weather, and taking post before that city, was instrumental in defeating the designs of the enemy. After the regiment had been encamped before Brus- sels nearly three months, hostilities were terminated by the treaty of Ryswick ; and the efforts of the British monarch, to arrest the progress of French con- quests and preserve the liberties of Europe, were thus ' 1 i , ! i M H 1 1 1 1 i' i^ i 1"^ ■;'• 14 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE 1697 attended with success. The restoration of peace hcing accomplished, the regiment proceeded in boats down the canal to Bruges, and during the winter it embarked for England. The regiment was jjlaced upon a peace establish- 1698 ment; and, in 1G98, it proceeded to Ireland, where it was stationed during the two following years. The respite from war, ceded to Europe by the treaty of Ryswick, was of short duration. The French monarch, continuing to pursue schemes of aggrandizement, by which he had long agitated Christendom, procured the accession of his grandson, Philip Duke of Anjou, to the throne of Spain, — • seized on the Spanish provinces in the Netherlands, — and detained the Dutch troops which were in garrison in the barrier towns. These proceedings produced a violent sensation throughout Europe : the house of Austria claimed the Spanish monarchy, and declared war against France; the Dutch solicited British aid; and the Ii'ifteknth Foot was one of the corps which proceeded to Holland on this occasion. 1701 The regiment was augmented to eight hundred and thirty, officers and soldiers ; and embarking from Cork on the 15th June, 1701, arrived at Helvoetsluys, on the island of Voorn, in South Holland, on the 8th of July. From this place the regiment proceeded up the Maese, in !rwards abandoned that city and also Brussels. The States of Hiabant, and the magistrates of Brussels, renounced their allegiance to King I'hilip. The principal towns of Brabant, and several places in Flanders, were immediately delivered up, and others surrendered on being summoned, or in a few days after- wards. Ostend, Menin, Dendermond, and Aeth were captured. Towns which had resisted numerous armies fur months and years, and provinces di8])uted for ages, were the conquest of a summer. After sharing in these sy)lendid achievements, the regiment was placed in gar- rison in Flanders. During the campaign of 1707, the services of the 1707 regiment were limited to marching, and occupying various encampments. No general engagement or siege occurred. In the spring of 1708 the regiment was called from 1708 its winter quarters in Flanders, in consequence of the King of France having fitted out a fleet, and embarked troops at Dunkirk, for the purpose of making a descent on the British coast, in favour of the Pretender. The •24 IIIHTOKUAL HKCOIID OP TlIK h; n08 FiiTKKNTii, and sevcralotlior regiments, marcliod from (ihi'iit on the Nth of March, 1708, oinbarkod at OHtond on the i')tli, and anivod in England on the 'ilst; hut the French fleet, with the Pretender on board, having been chased from the British shori's by the English navy, the regiment returned to Flanders: it landed at Ostend o' the 'JOth of April, and j)rocecdcd in boats, along the canal, to Ghent. Leaving its ((uarters towards the end of May, the regiment joined the alii 'd army, and was engaged in the active operations which followed. The French gained jtosscssicm of (ihent and Bruges by treachery. On the 1 1th of July, the regiment j)as8ed the Scheldt, on a pontoon bridge, between Outlenardv and the abbey of J*]enanie, and engaged the French troojjs under the Duke of Burgundy and Marshal Vendomc, in the fields and open grounds beyond the river. A fierce conflict of musketry ensued ; and charge succeeded charge until the shades of evening gathered over the scene, and the ]n*ogress of the conflict could only be discerned by the flashes of musketry, which pointed out the ground on which the battle raged. The French were forced from their ])ositioii ; j)art of their army was se- parated, and nearly destroyed ; but it was preserved from complete annihilation by the darkness of the night. This victory prepared the way for additional con- quests; and the Fiftkknth foot formed part of the covering army during the siege of the important fortress of Lisle, the capital of F^-ench Flanders, which was defended by fifteen thousand men under Marshal Bouflflers. The regiment was in position when the united French forces advanced to raise the siege, but were frustrated by the sujjerior tactics of the Duke of ^1 FIFTKENTII IlEQIMENT OK FOOT. '2r) Marlhorou^h. Thcgreiiudicrcoiujdiny of flic iT^iinuiit 1108 joim-d the besieging army, and took part in the attacks on the town. When the llU^ctor of Bavaria besieged Hrussels, the regiment formed part of the force whidi marched to the relief of that city, passed the Sr/wl(/f. and carried the enemy's positions beyond that river on the 27th of Nov( mbcr; which was foUowed by the retreat of the enemy from before Urusscls. The citadel of Lisle surrendered on the 0th of De- ceiiiber ; Ghent and Dnujes were afterwards recaptured, and the regiment had its winter quarters at Ghent. Having reposed a few months in quarters, and re- 1709 ceived a body of recruits from England, the regiment traversed the conquered territory to l.isle, in June, 1709, and afterwards took ])art in the manoeuvres by whicli Marshal Villars was induced to reduce the strength of his garrisons in his fortified towns, to re- inforce a line of entrenchments and forts, in which he ex})ected to be attacked. This object gained, the siege of Tournay was immediately commenced ; and the FiFTKKNTH foot, commanded by Lieut. -Colonel Andrew Armstrong, formed part of the covering army ; but when the town surrendered, the regiment joined the besieging force, and took part in the attacks on the castle. This proved a des])erate service. The citadel of Tournay was celebrated for the multiplicity of its under-ground works, and the approaches were carried on by sinking pits, and excavating subterrane- ous passages to the enemy's casemates and mines. The soldiers employed on these works were sometimes drowned with water, suffocated by smoke, and buried by explosions ; and at other times parties of the be- sieging force and of the garrison met, and fought J 26 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE I I III - 1 709 with sword and pistol in these gloomy labyrinths. In these services the Fiftkknth regiment had a number of men killed and wounded ; it also lost several men from the explosion of a mine, which destroyed a bat- tery. On the 3rd of September, the citadel of Tournay surrendered ; and the army traversed the country to- wards Mons, the capital of the ])rovince of Hainault, leavino; tlie Fiftkenth and several other corps at Tournay. to level the approaches and fill the excava- tions. Immediately after this work was performed, the regiment traversed the country towards Mons, and joined the army, on the morning of the 1 1 th of September, at the moment the columns of attack were advancing to assault the enemy's fortified posi- tion at Mnlplmpiet. This proved one of the most san- guinary and hard-contested battles of the war : the confident and fierce attacks of the allies were made against formidable Avorks, defended with resolution, which occasioned a great sacrifice of life ; but eventu- ally the position was forced, and the French army retreated with the loss of many colours, standards, cannon, and officers and soldiers made prisoners. The FiFTEKNTH wcro in reserve on this occasion, and its loss was limited to Brevet Major Leslie, killed, and three or four private soldiers killed and wounded. This victory was followed by the siege of Mons, and the regiment formed j)art of the covering army. The garrison surrendered in October. On the 23rd of October, Major-General Howe was succeeded in the colonelcy of the regiment by Algernon Earl of Hertford, afterwards Duke of Somerset, who had served with reputation at several battles and sieges on the continent. i.»t FIFTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT. 27 Thti regiment quitted its winter quarters at Ghent, 11 10 on the I4th of April, 1710, and inarched to the rendez- vous of the army near Tournay. The services of the Fifteenth foot were this year connected with the forcing of the French lines at Pont-a- Veudin, and with the siege and capture of Douay, which fortress sur- rendered on the !27th of June. They subsequently formed part of the covering army encamped at Villars- Hrulin, during the siei^e of Bethuie. This place having surrendered on the 29th of August, and the I'rench array avoiding a general engagement, the fortresses of Aire and St. Venant were invested, and taken ; and these conquests were the last important events of the campaign. After taking part in these services, the regiment marched into quarters at Courtray, where it was sta- tioned during the winter. Towards the end of April, 1711, the regiment ad- 1711 vanced from Courtray, and joining the army near Douay, was formed in brigade with the foot guards, a battalion of the royals, and the twentieth and twenty- third regiments. It was reviewed on the 8th of June, at the camp at Warde, by the Duke of Marlborough ; and afterwards took part in the skilful operations by which the enemy's formidable and newly constructed lines were passed at Arleux, on the 5th of August ; and this success was followed by the siege of Botichaiti, a fortified town of Hainault, situate on both sides of the river Scheldt. The regiment formed part of a division of twenty battalions of infantry, commanded by Lieut.- General the Earl of Orkney, which took post on the north and north-west side of the town and river ; and it shared in the duties of the trenches, and in carrying on the attacks, in which services it had several men i] r 1^ If m II. il^^ 28 HISTORICAL KECORU OF TUB nil killed and wounded. The garrison agreed to sur- render on the 13th of September. Thus the French monarch found his armies defeated and dispirited ; his fortresses wrested from him, and the victorious legions of the allies prepared to penetrate the interior of his kingdom ; and he sued for peace. 1712 In the spring of 1712 the Fiftkknth regiment took the field with the army under the Duke of Ormond, who had been appointed to the command in succession to the Duke of Marlborough, and advanced to the frontiers of Franc.?. Negociations for jjeace having commenced, a suspension of hostilities tookplacc between the British and French, and the regiment returned to Ghent; from whence it was afterwards removed to Dunkirk, the French monarch having agreed to deliver uj) that fortress until the ti'eaty of peace was concluded. 1713 The regiment was stationed at Dunkirk in 1713, 17 14 and at Nicuport in the early ])art of 1714. While the regiment was in Flanders, the decease of Queen Anne, and the accession of King George I., occurred, on the 1st of August, 1714, and soon after- wards the Fifteenth foot, and several other corps, were ordered to return to England. 1715 On the 8th of February, 1715, the Earl of Hert- ford was promoted to the colonelcy of the second troop (now second regiment) of life guards, and was suc- ceeded in the command of th'* Fifteenth foot by Co- lonel Harry Harrison, The regiment was actively employed in South Britain durini; the troubles in 1715; but it was not called upon to take the field against the rebels under the Earl of Mar, who were dis])ersed, in the beginning 1716 of 1716, by the King's troops under the Dukeof Argyle. FIFTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT. 29 In 1719, the re<^iment was stationed in Scotland, nig when the King of Spain fitted out an armament for the invasion of Great Britain in favour of the Pre- tender. The Spanish fleet was dispersed by a storm ; two ships, however, arrived on the coast of Scotland, and four hundred Spaniards and about a hundred Scots and English gentlemen, landed on the 27th of April, at Kintail, and were afterwards joined by about fifteen liundred Highlanders, Against this force, three troops of the Greys, and the eleventh, four- teenth, and Fifteenth regiments of foot, marched from Inverness on the 5th of June, under Major- General Wightman, and encountered the rebels on the lOth of that month, at the pass of Glenshiel ; when the Spaniards and Highlanders withdrew a short distance, and formed for battle on the romantic moun- tain scenery in the pass of Strachell. About five o'clock in the afternoon, the grenadiers of the three regiments climbed the rocky crags, and commenced the action ; they were followed by the eleventh, and a detachment of the Fifteenth under Colonel Har- rison ; at the same time, the Greys galloped forward along the road ; and the Spaniards and Highlanders were forced from the lofty ground on which they had taken post. The rebels made a second stand on the top of the hill, but were speedily driven from thence. The Highlanders afterwards dispersed to their homes, and on the following day, the Spaniards surrendered prisoners of war. On the appearance of a continental war, in 1727, the 1727 regiment was augmented, and held in readiness to proceed to Holland, but no embarkation took place. King George II. reviewed the second and Fifteenth i728 regiments in brigade on Blackheath, on the 29th of n 1< ; fl tK' 30 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE '728 June, 1728, and exprossed his high apiirobation of their appearance and movements. The sitjns of war disappearing, the establishment was afterwards re- duced. 1739 When hostilities commenced between Great Bri- tain and Spain, in 1731), the establishment was again augmented. 1740 In the middle of June, 1740, the Fifteenth, twenty-fourth, twenty-seventh regiments, and the six battaliouB of marines, were encamped on the Isle of Wight, under the orders /of General Lord Cathcart. Towards the end of July, the camp broke up, and the FiFTEKNTH, and twenty-fourth regiments, and the six regiments of marines, embarked on board the fleet for the West Indies. Some delay occurred, and after ])utting to sea, the fleet was twice driven back by con- trary winds ; on the 26th of October it sailed a third lime, and was dispersed by a temj)est in the Bay of Biscay ; but the greater part of the vessels were re- collected and proceeded on the voyage. Arriving at Dominica to provide wood and water, the troops lost their gallant leader. General Lord Cathcart (then colonel of the sixth dragoon guards ov Carabineers), who died of dysentery ; and the command devolved on Brigadier-General Thomas Wentworth. 1741 The expedition arrived at Jamaica in January, 1741, and the appearance of this force dispelled the aj)pre- hension of an attack on that island by the combined fleets of France and Spain, and also enabled the B)'i M commanders to act offensively. The expedi- tion put to sea, and after some delay, an attack on Carthaf/cna, the capital of a wealthy province in the country of Terra Firma, in South America, was resolved upon. This place was found stnmgly fortified. li FIFTEENTH REGIMENT OP FOOT. 31 and the garrison reinforced by the crews of a squadron 1741 of large ships, at the same time the season for active service in that part of the world was fast passing away ; but the design was persevered in, and the fleet having silenced several small IbrtE, the Fifteenth mustering one thousand officers and soldiers, and several other corps, landed on ai> island near the mouth of the harbour, on the lOth of March, and commenced the siege of the principal fort, or castle, called Bocca-chica. On the evening of the 2oth of March, the grenadiers of the Fifteenth, and other regiments, mounted the breach in gallant style, to storm the fortress, when the Spanish garrison fled, and the place was captured without loss. Channels having been made through the sunk ves- sels with which the Spaniards had blocked up the entrance to the harbour, the Fifteenth and twenty- fourth re-embarked, and commenced landing near the city of Carthagena. From the place of landing, the two regiments advanced along a defile, preceded by the grenadiers, through a country covered with trees and herbage of luxuriant growth, the interwoven branches forming a shelter impenetrable both to heat and light, and several men were v/ounded by shots fired from the tracks and openings into the >\ood. Di- verging from the defile, the two regiments encountered a body of Spaniards advantageously posted to dispute the passage, but as the grenadiers sprang forward to commence the attack, the enemy fled. The two regi- ments proceeded to the vicinity of the castle of St. Ltizar, which commands the town, and were followed by the six battalions of marines. The soldieis passed three nights in the open air, for want of tents and tools, and their health was seriously injured. The siege of the castle was commenced ; and as the it I I f ir*^ 32 HISTORICAL RECORD OF ''UE 1741 men were fast tlecrcasino; in numbers from the effects of hard duty and climate, Brigadier-General Went- worth was induced to attack the place by escalade, to which dangerous entcrpvise he was urged by Vicc- Admiral Vernon. Twelve hundred men stormed the enemy's entixnchnients under the walls of the fort, exjwsed to a heavy fire of musketry. The grenadiers, led by Colonel Grant, rushed forward with astonish- ing bravery, and leaping- into the lines, carried the works in j^nllant style. The Spaniards fled over a drawbridge into the fort. The fJritish pursued, and called for la ' 1 ] i ' i j-i 1*745 At this period, Charles Edward, eldest son of the Pretender, had aroused the Highland clans to arms, and asserted his father's pretensions to the British throne. This rchcllion occasioned the regiment to be recalled from Flanders : it arrived in the river Thames, and landed at Gravcsend, on the 25th of October ; but it was not ordered to march against the insurgent clans — it was destined to remain in the south of Eng- land, to oppose the threatened invasion of the French. 1 746 When the hopes of the Pretender had been annihi- lated by the battle of Culloden, on the 16th of April, 1746, part of the miUtary force of the kingdom became disposable for other services, and the Fifteknth regiment was selected to form part of an expedition against the French possessions in Canada. Various circumstances occasioned the fleet to be detained so long, that this enterprise was deferred, and an attempt on the port of Z'Orje/j^, the principal station for the French East India Company's shipping and stores, was resolved upon. The expedition sailed from Plymouth on the 1 4th of September ; on the '20th a landing was effected on the coast of France, and the troops assembled to oppose the debarkation were driven from the shore. On the following day, the British advanced in two columns towards L' Orient; the Fifteenth forming part of the second column. The French militia fired upon the troops from the woods, and put the men of one or two corps i'.ito some cimi'iisiim, when Captain Honorable James Muiray led the grenadier company of the Fifteknth forward with great gaihintry, and dispersed the enemy. When the leading companies arrived at the village of J'lo- mur, they were fired upon from the houses; but this resistance was speedily overcome, and the peoj)lo FIFTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT. 35 were punished for their temerity. On arriving before 1746 L'Orient, the governor proposed to surrender ; but the conditions denoanded were not ucceded to, in conse- quence of a report of the engineers stating tlie prac- ticability of reducing the town. The siege was imme- diately commenced ; but the artillery and stores with the expedition proved unequal to the undertakinjr, and the troops retreated to the coast, and re-embarked without molestation. Another descent was made on the French coast in October : the troops landing on the peninsula of Qui- heron, capturing a fort with eighteen guns, and after- wards destroying the guns and forts in the peninsula, with those in the isles of Houat and Hedic. These services performed, the regiment returned on board the fleet and sailed for England. Negociations for a treaty of peace were commenced 1148 in 1748, at Aix-la-Chapellc. In 1749, the strength of 1749 the army was reduced, and the regiment proceeded to Ireland. After commanding the regiment thirty- four years, Lieut.-General Harrison died, in March of this year, and was succeeded by Colonel John Jordan, from the lieut.-colonelcy of the tenth dragoons, by commission, dated 15thof April, 1749. In the clothing warrant, dated the 1st of July, 1751, 1751 the facing of the regiment is directed to be yellow. The first, or King's colour, to be the great union ; the second, or regimental colour, to be of yellow silk, with the union in the upper canton ; in the centre the num- ber of the regiment in gold Roman characters, within a wreath of roses and Uilstles on the same stalk. The uniform at this period was cocked hats bound with white lace; scarlet corvt>. . ced and turncu up with I' ii \;i \i \y > d2 xp^mf 36 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE 1 \ 1 \ 6' 9 BT^ 1755 yellow, and ornamented with white lace; scarlet waist- coat and breeches ; white gaiters; white cravats; and buff belts. The regiment remained in Irclii* ' 'intil the unde- termined boundary of the "Rr'tiah a,;' French settle- ments in North America occasioned a rupture between the two kingdoms. The aggressions of the French led to the sending of a body of British troops to North America in 1755; at which period the estabrshn' it of the Fifteenth was augmented, and the regiment embarked for England. 1756 Colonel Jordan was removed to the ninth dragoons, in April, 1750, iiud King George II. conferred the colonelcy of the Fiftkentii foot on Colonel Jeffery (afterwards Lord) Amherst, from captain and lieut.- colonel in tho first foot guards. In July of this year tlie regiment pitched its tents near Blandford, where un encampment was ibrmed of six regiments of foot and two of dragoons under Lieut. - General Sir Charles Howard. 1757 Numerous encampments were formed also in the following year, and the troops held in readiness to repel a threatened invasion of the French. The Fifteenth foot, and four other corps, pitched their tents on Bar- ham-downs, under Charles Duke of Marlborough. From Barham-downs the regiment proceeded to the Isle of Wight, in order to form part of an expe- dition against the French naval station of Rochfort, on the river Charente. The Fifteenth, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Honorable Sir James Munay, was formed in brigade with the fifth, twer< *burth, thir- tieth, and fifty-first regiments ; the laii i for( "S were under Lieut. -General Sir John Mordaunt, and the navy unaer Adniiral Sir Edward Hawke. The fleet FIFTEENTH RKOIMENT OF FOOT. 37 sailed in the early part of September; on tho 'i3id of 1757 that month the Isle of Aix was captured, and the forts were afterwards destroyed. Owing to unfavourable weather a landing could not be effected near llochfort before thr enemy was alarmed and prei)ared for a vigorous resistance. The troops were repeatedly in readiness to land, and on one occasion the first division was in the boats ; but the weather, and other causes, prevented a debarkation taking place. The expedi- tion afterwards returned to England. Early iu the following year, the Fifteenth regi- 1758 ment, mustering eight hundred and fifty officers and soldiers, commanded by Lieut-Colonel Honorable James Murray, embarked for North America, to take part in the attack of the French possessions in that part of the world. It proceeded to Halifax, in Nova Scotia, where the expedition was prepared against Louishurg, the cai)ital of the island of Cape Breton,* in the Gulf of St. LawreTfc, under th.- ordersof its colonel, Lieut.- General Sir ^ effery Amherst, K.B : the naval force being under Admiral Boscawen. The expedition sailed from Halifax on the 28th of May, and approached Louisburg, 011 the 2nd jf June; but the weather was so unfavourable that a landing could not be effected before the 8th of June. On that occasion, the grena- dier company of the Fifteenth formed part of the centre division under the gallant Brigadier-General James Wolfe, designed to force a landing; and the regiment formed part of the left division, under Briga- * Cape Breton had been iireviously captured, in the year 1745, by the New England Militia, under the command of Colonel William Pepperell, assisted by a naval squadron umlor Commodore Warren, Mutual restitu- tions taking place by the conditions of the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, Cape Breton was restored to France, in exchange for Madras, which had beeu taken by the French. I' I f: ii: 38 III8T d<» on the town. In this service, great hardship tolx' ndured; a thin soil, hardly suffi- cient to tover the troops in their approaches, a scarcity of water, and the labour of dragging the artillery seve- ral miles over a rocky country, ar^'l under a burning sun. called forth the efforts >f the army and navy. The works were carried on, the !v,t,llies of the enemy were repulsed, ai»4 the Moro fort was captured by storm on the 30tii of July. A series of batteries were erected against Ire town and on the 11th of August they opened so w'fH-directed a fire, that the guns of *^he garrison were sjlenced, and flagKf>f truce were 1) nnr ut from the town, and ships in the iiarbour. The t*^rans of capitulation were agreed npon, and the British touk possession of this valuable s<4tlement with .':iinc men of war in the harbour, and two upon t\yf stocks. The regiment los^, a number of men (»» this imjx)rt- ant service ; Lieutenant Skeii^- was amow^^r ftlfce killed ; Captain Tyrwhitt and Lieutenant Winter diied from the effects of climate. After the capture of the Havannah, Jfae regiment was stationed at that plac» eleven months. ' « If 46 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE : 163 In the meantime a treaty of peace had been concluded, and in 1763 the Havannah'vvas restored to Spain; the regiment was relieved by the Spanish troops which arrived to take possession of the colony, and embarked for New York, from whence it proceeded, by Albany and Lake Champlain, to Canada, where it was sta- tioned several years. 1*764 After occupying quarters successively at Montreal, 1765 Quebec, and on the upper lakes, until the summer of 1768 1768, th ^ vegiment embarked for England, and landed at Portsmouth in July, Occarrences of a political character having induced Sir .lelfery Amherst to resign the colonelcy of the rcgi- m >v, he was succeeded, on the 2 1st of September, 1766, b Colonel Charles Hotham (afterwards Sir Charlea ihompson, Baronet) from the sixty-third regi- ment. 1769 The regiment occupied various quarters in the southern and midland counties of England, until the 1770 summer of 1770, when it was reviewed at Chatham by 1771 King George III. and in the spring of 1771 marched into Yorkshire. n']2 In 1772 the regiment marched to Scotland, where it 1773 was stationed during the following year, and in the 1774 spring of 1774 it embarked at Port Patrick for Ire- land. 1775 Major-General Sir Charles Thompson was succeeded in the colonelcy of the regiment, in September, 1775, by Major-General Richard Earl of Cavan, from the fifty-fifth regiment of foot. 1776 In the meant me, the determined spirit evinced by the British colonists in North America to resist the acts of parliament passed in England for raising a revenue in their country, had been followed by hostilities, and the FiFTKKNTH regiment was one of the corps selected to i < FIFTEENTH REQIMENT OF FOOT, 47 proceed across the Atlantic, to aid in the attempt to 1716 reduce the refractory provincials to submission. The regiment embarked from Ireland early in 1776, and proceeded to Cape Fear, in North Carolina, with four other corps, under Major-General the Earl Cornwallis. These troops arrived on the coast of North Carolina early in April, and Lieut.-General Clinton assumed th,; command. The men landed at Cape Fear to re- fresh themselves after the voyage, and returning on board the transports, sailed, on the Ist of June, with the expedition against Charleston. After passing Charles- ton bar, the troops landed on one of the islands, but the armament proved of insufficient strength for the cap- ture of the capital of South Carolina, and the five re- giments re-embarked and proceeded to Staten Island, where" the main body of the British forces was assembled under General Sir William Howe. The Fifteenth, commanded by Lieut. -Colonel John Bird, were formed in brigade with the fourth, twenty-seventh, and forty- fifth regiments, under Major-General Pigot. A landing was effected on Lomj Island on the 22nd of August, and the Fifteenth regiment formed part of the force under Ijieut. -General Clinton, which ad- vanced after dusk on the evening of the 20th to seize on a pass in the heights, and turn the enemy's left flank at Flat-bush. This pass was taken possession of on the following morning ; the army advanced, and the Ame- ricans were driven from their position with considera- ble loss, and forced to retreat to their fortified lines at Brooklyn, 'i'he loss of the regiment on this occasion was limited to a lew men wounded. The Americans quitted their fortified lines during the night of the 28th of August, and retired across the East River, in boats, to New York ; and the reduction !''^ 48 UI8TORICAL RECORD OF THE •?1 hi , f P n76of Long Island was thus accomplished in a few days, with little loss. From Long Island the regiment proceeded with the army across the East River, when General Washington was forced to abandon New York, which city was taken possession of by the British. Proceeding up the river, the regiment took part in the operations of the army by which tVe Americans were forced to evacuate their lines on White Plains; but it did not sustain any loss. The regiment took part in the attack and capture of the enemy's lines and redoubts near Fort Washivfjton, on the 16th of November, when it had a few private soldiers killed and wounded. After taking part in these services, the regiment proceeded into winter quarters at the city of New York. 17*J7 Information being received that the Americans were forming magazines at Peclis-hill, about fifty miles up the North River, Lieut.-Colonel Bird, of the Fiftkentii, was detached from New York against that post, with a body of troops, of which a division of the regiment formed part. The troops sailed from New York on the 22nd of March, 1 771 , and as they approached Pcek's- hill the Americans set fire to the stores and retreated. The British landed, completed the destruction of the magazines, barracks, &c., and afterwards returned to New York. Extensive d('jH)ts were also prepared by the Ame- ricans at l\inbiiry, and other ])laces *. 1777 Eif-lit rank and tile of the Fi' ikkntii rci^i.ncnt wore killed on this expedition ; Caiituin Harry Ditnias, one Serjeant, and fifteen rank and lile wounded ; two men missing. Lieutenant Charles Hastings, of the twelfth foot, serving as a volunteer with the regiment, was also wounded. Afterwards taking the field with the army in the Jerseys, the regiment was engaged in the ojjerations designed to bring the enemy to a general engagement but the Amerieans ke])t close in their fortified lines i the mountains ; and an ex])edition against the |)oi)u- lous and wealthy city of Philadelphia was resolved u])oii. The FiKTKKNTii, commanded by Lieut -Colonel John Bird, were employed in this enterprise, and were formed in brigade with the seventeenth, forty-second, and forty-fourth regiments, under Major- General (after- wards Earl) Grey. Embarking from Sand, Hook, the army sailed to the Chesapeake, and pr h*« i((!ing up Elk lliver, landed en the northern shov*? ou i.ho 2.')th of August, The Ahi Tican army took u]) ;? position at Brandi/wiuc to oj)j)ose the advance, and on the 11th of Se})tembcr the royal forces moved forward to engage their opponents. The FiFTKENTH formed part of the column under M{ijor-(icneral the Earl Cornwallis, which made a circuit of .some miles to turn the right and gain the rear of the American army. The action j)roved deci- sive; the enemy was driven from his ])ositi(m, and forced to make a precij)itate retreat. 'J he battalion companies of the regiment did not sustain any loss on this occasion ; but the flank com])unies, being formed in grenadier and light infanli-y battalions, liad Lieu- tenant Faulkencr killed ; Captain Cuthcart, Cajjtain Douglas, and Lieutenant Leigh wounded ; also several men killed and wounded. riFTEKNTII ItnorMENT OF FOOT. 51 AfttT this victory, the army oontinucj its advance ; 1777 IMjiladcIphiu was taken jxjssossion of, and tlic Hritish troojis took up a position at Cn-rnuintown, the Fii'- TiENTii being posted on the left of the vilhige. Makin<^ a forced march during tiie night of the 3rd of Octol)er, the American army a])j)eared suddenly in front of Grrinaiitoivn before daylight on the following nu)rning, and attacked the Ih'itish outjxjsts, thinking to surprise the trooj)8 in an un])repared state. Tl' first assault was opposed by the second battalion light infantry, and the fortieth regimi'ut, under Lieut. Colonel Musgrave, posted at the head of the village ; these cor])S were forced to fall back, and Lieut.-Colonel Musgrave threw himself, with six companies of the fortieth, into a large store- house, where he was attacked by an American brigade, aided by i'our j)ieces of cannon. During the contest, while the soldiers of the fortieth were defending their ])0st manfully, Major-General Circy brought forward the Fifteenth, and two other corjis; and making a determined attack on the Ameri- can regiments, drove them back with great slaughter. The enemy was also repulsed at every ])art of the field, and forced to make a precipitate retreat. Lieut.-Colonel John Bird, Ensign Anthony Frede- rick, and five rank and file of the regiment were killed; Cajjtains CJeorge Goldfrap and Harry Ditmas, Lieu- tenant George Thonuis, Ensign Henry IJall, two Ser- jeants, and forty-two rank and iile wounded. In allud- ing to the death of Lieut.-Colonel Bird, General Sir William Howe spoke of it as an event 'much to be ' lamented, he being an ofticer of experience and ap- * proved merit.' General Washington formed a forti- fied camp at Whitemarsli ; and early in December the British army advanced with the view of inducing the E 2 I r I: IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) // ^ i r! i 1801 Grenada to take part in this service. Those colonies surrendered on being summoned, and loss of life was thus prevented. 1808 in July, 1808, a draft of six Serjeants and two hun- dred and ninety-three rank and file joined from the second battalion. In November and the early part of December, the regiment lost about one hundred and fifty men from the effects of the climate of the West Indies. 1809 The regiment joined the expedition under Lieut.- General Beckwith, which sailed from Carlisle-bay, Barbadocs, on the 28th of January, 180?), against the island of Martinique. The first division landed in Bay Robert, and the second near St. Luce and Point Solomon. The enemy's force was numerous, and some sharp fighting occurred, in which the regi- ment had the honor to distinguish itself, and had several men killed and wounded. The conquest of the island was achieved in a few weeks, and Lieut.- General Beckwith stated in his public despatch, — ' The having ' commanded such an army will constitute the pride of ' my future life. To these brave troops, conducted ' by Generals of experience, their king and country • owe the sovereignty of this important colony ; and I * trust, that by a comparison of the force which de- ' fended it, and the time in which it has fallen, the ' present reduction of Martinique will not be deemed ' eclipsed by any former expedition ' The royal authority was afterwards given for the regiment to bear the word "Martinique" on its colours, to commemorate its distinguished gallantry on this occasion. Lieut.-Colonel Riall received a medal for commanding a brigade, and Major Andrew Davidson for commanding the regiment. FIFTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT. 61 Three French sail of the line and two frigates, from 1809 L'Oricnt, having taken shelter in the Saints, in the vicinity of Guadaloupc, they were blockaded by Rear- Admiral Sir Alexander Cochrane ; and three thousand men, of which force the Fifteenth formed part, were detached, under Major -General M aitland, for the re- duction of the islands. This expedition sailed from Port Royal on the I'ith of April; a landing was effected in Ance Bois Joly, and the difficult heights of Mount Russel, eight hundred feet high, were stormed and captured, and a battery soon forced the French shipping to put to sea. The reduction of the islands was accom])lished in a few days, and the enemy's garrison was made prisoners of war. During the ac- tion on the 15th of April, Lieut. -Colonel Phineas Riall voluntc<;red to storm Fort Morelli, with the Fifteenth regiment; but Major-Gcncral Maitland would not allow the corps to engage in so dangerous an enterprise. Towards the end of April, the regiment returned to Grenada, where it was stationed about nine months. Three hundred men of the regiment, including the 1810 flank companies, embarked from Grenada, early in January, 1810, under Lieut.- Colonel Riall, for Barba- does, to join the expedition against Guad'i'oupe, under Lieut. -General Sir George Bcckwith, and were formed in brigade with a battalion of light infantry, and the third West India regiment, under Brigadier-General Harcourt ; this officer bein<^ afterwards appointed to the command of a division, the brigade was commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Riall, of the Fifteenth. The expedition rendezvoused at Prince Rupert's, Dominica, and the Fifteenth accompanied the second division, which sailed on the 26th of January, and an- ^ m 02 HISTORICAL RECOIil) OF TIIR I I' 1 I ■j ■ ■ ■ t ■■;.] leiOehoreJ at the Saints until 'ho 'IMth, when it proceeded towards (Juadaloupe, and menaced the enemy's de- fences at tlie Three liivers. During the night the regiment landed in the bay near the village of Lea Vieux llabitans without ()])])08ition, and afterwards advanced, the enemy's ])OstH falling back skirmish- ing. The French appearing in force on some high open ground, the Fifteenth turned their right flank, the Royal West India Rangers the left, and the thir- teenth liglit infantry advanced against the front, when the enemy was speedily forced from his ground. The regiment afterwards took part in completing the conquest of the island, an achievement which re- flected credit on the troops employed in the enterprise. The conduct of Lieut.-Coloncl Riall was commended in the ])ublic des})atch of the Commander of the Forces. The following statement appeared in general orders, dated Gth February : — • The Commander of the Forces ' returns his thanks to the officers of all ranks, for their ' meritorious exertions, and to the non-commissioned ' officers and soldiers, for the cheerfulness with which * they have undergone the fatigues of a march, difficult ' in its nature, through the strongest country in i\\e ' world, and the spirit they have manifested on all ' occasions to close with the enemy.' The loss of the regiment was limited to a few pri- vate soldiers killed and wounded, and Captain William Grierson wounded. To commemorate the distinguished gallantry of the regiment on this occasion, the royal authority was afterwards given for the word "Guadaloupe" to be displayed on its colours. Lieut. -Colonel Riall re- ceived a medal for commanding a brigade. FIKTEKNTII IlEGIMENT OF FOOT. «8 In March, that portion of the vcgiinent which had 1810 been luft at Grenada, Joined at Ciuaduluupe ; uIhu a draft of ninety men from the Hccund battalion. Another draft of one hundred men Joined from the second battalion in July, under Lieut. -Colonel Uarry, who assumed the command of the regiment, — Lieut. -Colonel iliall proceeding to Europe on leave of absence. The health of the men soon afterwards suffered severely from the effects of the climate of (juadaloupe, and two hundred and seventy-six uon-commiHsioned officers and soldiers died. The survivors were moved to the Champ de Mars, and afterwards occupied the convalescent posts of Matuba, Dolce, Vermont, and Vicux Fort. The regiment remained at Guadaloupc during the 1811 year 1811 ; in May, 1812, it was removed to St. Chris- 1812 tophcr's and stationed on Brimstone-hill, under Lieut.- Colonel Davidson. On the 21st of September, Lieut.-Colonel Rcnny joined with a detachment of two Serjeants, and (me hundred and forty-six rank and file, from the second battalion. Several detachments also joined from the second 1813 battalion in 1813. After commanding the regiment twenty years, 1814 General Powell died in the summer of 1814, and was succeeded in the colonelcy by Lieut.- General Moore Disney, from major in the first foot guards. The victories of the British troops, in the Peninsula and the south of France, having accomplished the reduction of the power of Napoleon Buonaparte, and the restoration of the house of Bourbon to the throne of France, a general peace was proclaimed, the army was reduced, and the second battalion of the Fj ftkknth 64 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE I'll I; I ^^ lli! > :■; 3 ■■A 1814 was disbanded in October, 1814, on the island of Jersey, whither it had proceeded in June, 1811 : its services had been limited to Great Britain and Jersey. 1815 Early in 1815, the men of the late second battalion embarked to join the regiment at the island of St. Christopher; but the transports encountered much severe weather, and were forced into Falmouth har- bour, and the soldiers landed. At this period, Buona- parte had violated the treaty of 1814, and regained the throne of France. War immediately followed; and His Royal Highness the Prince Regent directed the second battalion of the Fifteenth regiment to be re-formed ; this took place accordingly, and the men who had landed at Falmouth proceeded to Guernsey, where they were joined by the depot. The French troops on the islands of Martinique and Guadaloupe evinced a disposition to renounce their allegiance to Louis XVIII., and proclaim Buonaparte, and the former island was taken possession of by British ti'oops in June ; at Guadaloupe, the Emperor Napoleon was proclaimed on the 18th of June, a day fatal to his power on the field of Waterloo ; and the first battalion of the Fiftkentu regiment proceeded from St. Christopher to Barbadoes, from whence it sailed with the expedition against Guadaloupe, under Lieut.- General Sir James Leith. A landing was effected on the island on the 8th of August, and the French troops were speedily forced to surrender pri- soners of war. The regiment proceeded to the Champ de Mars, where it was stationed until the end of September, when it embarked for Barbadoes. 1816 Peace having been restored, and Buonaparte sent in mi FIFTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT. 6ft exile to St. Helena, the second battalion of the vegi- 1816 ment was disbanded in the island of Guernsey, on the 25th of January, 1816 ; the men fit for service embark- ing to join the first battalion at Barbadoes. On the 15th of April, the regiment marched from garrison at St. Anne's, to quell an insurrection among the negroes in the interior of the island or Barbadoes, where strong detachments remained until June, when the regiment was removed to Martinique. In August, the French eighty-eighth regiment, or Martinique Legion, arrived to garrison the island, and the FrpxEENTH, being relieved, proceeded to Grenada, where they landed on the 5th of Septc":ber, and marched into garrison at Eichmond-hill. From Grenada the regiment embarked, in the 1817 spring of 1817, in two divisions, under Lieut. -Colonel Davidson and Major Maxwell, for Halifax in Nova 1818 Scotia, where it was stationed two years. The right Aving, under Major Maxwell, embarked 1819 for Bermuda in June, 1819, and relieved the left wing of the sixty-second regiment at Fort George barracks, where the Fifteenth lost between sixty and seventy men of the yellow fever, in August and Sep- tember. During the year 1820, the regiment was stationed 1820 at Bermuda and Nova Scotia. In the summer of 1821, it was relieved at the former station by a wing 1821 of the second battalion of the sixtieth, and at the latter by the eighty-first regiment ; and embarking for England, landed at Portsmouth in July and Au- gust, and was stationed at Fort Cumberland until November, when it embarked for Plymouth. In the summer of 1822, the regiment was removed to 1S22 Hull; in October it embarked at Liverpool for Ireland, t;'. 66 HISTORICAL tlfiCORD OF THE 3|l Hi I ■ $1 ! ; •' J. i I; 1 ■i ', I !' n i li I 1^2^ and landing at Dublin, occupied Richmond bftrrHclcs a few weeks, and afterwards proceeded to Naas. 1823 The regiment was removed in the summef of 1823 to Waterford, and in the autumn to Cork, with a de- tachment at Spike Island ; and it occupied this station 1824 during the year 1824. 1825 Leaving Cork in July, 1825, the regiment proceeded to Buttevant, with detachments to the towns in the neighbourhood. 1826 A division of the regiment marched to Templemore in February, 1826, and sent out numerous detachments. One party stationed at Thurles, under Captain Temple, evinced groat patience and forbearance, united with ft proper degree of firmness, in suppressing a riot at that place, when several persons had been killed by the police. Captain Temple received an address of thanks and approbation from the magistrates and principal inhabitants of the town, for his cool and judicious con- duct on this occasion. In the autumn the regiment marched to Galway, sending out eleven detachments. 1827 In April, 1827, the regiment was divided into six service and four reserve companies, and marched to Fermoy, where it was inspected by Major- General Sir George Bingham, who expressed his unqualified approbation of its appearance, discipline, and interior economy. In May, the service companies embarked from the Cove of Cork, under Lieut. -Colonel Macin- tosh, for Canada, and arrived at Quebec on the 29th ofJuneandGth of July; they immediately proceeded up the river St. Lawrence, to Kingston in Upper Canada, where they remained ten months. 1828 Retiri ig down the River St. Lawrence, in boats, ''n May and June, 1828, the service companies proceeded to Montreal, from whence the first division continued FIFTEENTH REOIll)l^^ ,f FOOT. G7 its journey, in a steam vessel, to Quebec, and was i828 followed by the second division in August. The regiment was stationed at Quebec during the 1830 years 1829 and 1830; in October of the latter year, a strong detachment proceeded to the Isle aux Noix, on Lake Champlain. The regiment continued in garrison at Quebec, detaching 100 rank and file to the Isle aux Noix and St. John's, with a proportion of officers and non- commissioned officers. The regiment moved to Montreal on the 3rd of May 1831 of this year, continuing its detachments. On the 21st of May, 1832, Lieut.-Colonel Macintosh, 1832 commanding the regiment, and Commandant of the Garrison of Montreal, was called upon by the magis- trates of that place to be prepared to assist the civil power in the event of a riot occurring at a contested election for the west ward of the city, which was to ter- minate on that day. Captain Temple was the cap- tain of the piquet on the occasion, but when it was turned out, Lieut.-Colonel Macintosh took command of it in person. At the close of the poll, several acts of violence were perpetrated both on persons and pro- perty, when it became necessary to require the co-ope- ration of the piquet in restoring order. The Riot Act having been read, the Lieut.-Colonel was authorised by the Magistrates to take such steps as might appear to him necessary. The piquet was immcdiatclv marched in the direction of the rioters, who assaued the party with stones and other missiles, when the order to "fire" was given, not, however, until every eifort had been exerted to cause them to disperse. The front rank alone, consisting of about ^'xtecn men, dis- charged their pieces in quick succession, the conse- f2 1 1 6S HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE 1832 quences of which proved fatal on the spot to three of the rioters ; several others were severely wounded, but the disturbance was eifectually checked. The regiment remained under arms in different parts of the town during the night. A company of the Royal Artillery stationed at the Island of St. Helen's, under the command of Captain W. C. Anderson, brought over two nine-pounders in the short space of twelve minutes from the time the signal was given for their services, and remained on duty with the regiment until the next day. This was remarkaWe, as the river is nearly a mile broad, with a very rapid current, and the guns had to be shipped in bateaux after the signal was made, and re-limbered on landing at the Montreal side. The conduct of the troops, particularly that portion under the immediate orders of Lieut.-Colonel Macin- tosh, was marked by great steadiness and forbearance, notwithstanding that they had been harassed by con- tinual alarms for some days previous to the riot. On the day of the 2 1st the rain fell in torrents, whilst the men were exposed to it for hours before the riot commenced. The following documents are deemed worthy of a place in these Records ; the conduct and discipline of the corps, on the occasion referred to, being highly estimated by the civil and military authorities. Presentment of Grand Jury. * The grand jury humbly represent to the court, that, ' in the investigation of the occurrence upon which were * founded the bills for murder against William Robert- ' son and Pierre Lukin, esquires, Colonel Macintosh and ♦ Captain Temple, they have fully and impartially ex- ' amined into all the circumstances of the case, and the FIFTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT. 6U ' result of their proceedings is the conviction, that no 1832 ' ground exists for any criminal charge against those ' individuals. In such an instance as the present, where * violent agitation has convulsed society, the grand jury * are compelled by a sense of duty, beyond the mere re- * jection of the bills, to endeavour at allaying excitement, * by an expression of the knowledge at which they have * arrived after a severe inquiry into the transaction. * However much the grand jury may deplore the fatal 'consequences which flowed from the introduction of an * armed force on that occasion, they feel persuaded that ' it was fully justified by the conjuncture ; and its timely * interposition, in their belief, averted the calamities ' which must have ensued if the rioters had been suffered 'to pursue their impetuous and destructive course. * With this view of the case, the grand jury cannot with- ' hold the public declaration of their opinion, that the * conduct observed, as well by the magistrates as by the ' military authorities, during those events, is worthy * of commendation at the hands of those who lo»re peace 'and respect the laws; while the inhabitants of the * city of Montreal, in particular, are deeply indebted to 'the firm discharge by those gentlemen of their re- * spcctive duties, for restoration to a state of security * and for the protection of their lives and property. GENERAL ORDER. ' Head Quarters, ' Quebec, 2nd September, 1832. ' On the 21st of May last, a detachment of the Fifteenth regiment, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Macintosh, having under his orders Captain Temple of the same regiment, was called out by the magistrates 70 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE 1833 ' I M i' '. '111 m-' of Montreal, for the purpose of aiding the civil power in the suppression of a riot in that city, by which the lives and property of the inhabitants were endangered ; and the magistrates having failed in their efforts to restore order by other means, the troops were required to make use of their arms, on which occasion three individuals were unfortunately killed, and others wounded. ' Tho loss of life caused by the fire of the troops is an event deeply to be deplored, and the Commander of the Forces is persuaded that throughout the colony there are not to be found any individuals who more sincerely and more sensibly lament that event than Lieut .-Colonel Macintosh, Captain Temple, and those very soldiers whose painful duty it was to make use of their arms on the 21st of May. It is, however, con- soling to reflect that the riot was suppressed without a further sacrifice of human life, which there was every reason to apprehend ; and perhaps very many of the peaceable inhabitants of the city of Montreal are at this moment indebted for the preservation of their lives and property, to the timely interference of the troops acting under the direction of the magis- trates. ' Although the Commander of the Forces was disposed to place the greatest reliance on the discretion and judgment of Lieut.- Colonel Macintosh, and upon the steadiness and discipline of the regiment under his command, his Lordship, nevertheless, considered it to be incumbent upon him to suspend the judgment in regard to the events of the 21st of May, until the whole of the circumstances connected with those events should have undergone the fullest investiga- tion before the proper tribunals of the country. FIFTEENTH BEaiME^T OF FOOT. 71 whoso duty it is to take cognizance of criminal 1833 offences. ' This duty has now been performed, and Liout.« Colonel Macintosh, Captain Temple; and the tvooym under their command, in suppressing the riot at Montreal on the 21st of May last, having been ab- solved from all blame, the Commander of the Forces hastens to embrace the opportunity thus afforded him, to convey to Lieut.-Coloncl Macintosh, Captain Temple, and the non- commissioned officers and sol* diers of the Fifteenth regiment, employed in the suppression of a riot at Montreal on the 21st of May last, his approbation of the judgment, steadiness, and discipline, displayed by the^it in their respective sta* ^io^s OQ that occasion.' An address was likewise presented to Lieut. -Colonel Macintosh and Captain Temple, by the citizens of Mon* treal, from which the following extracts are made. : — * Gentlemen — We, the subscribers, citizens of Mon- ' treal, feel it a duty that we owe to you, to express our thanks for your conduct and that of the troops under ' yoi^r command, on the occasion of your being called ' upon to restore and preserve t)io public peace, so un- ' happily broken, at Uie close of the poll for the elcc- ' tion of a member for the west ward of this city on the * 21st of May last. ' So strong was our conviction of the importance of * the services rendered by you and the magistrates on * that occasion, that our desire was to have expressed * our testimony of them immediately upor^ their occur- ' fence ; but considerations arising from the inter- ' position of judicial authority prompted us to defer it. ' These considerations having now been removed in ' a manner the must satisfactory to you and U) ourselves, t i 1^ f li .* !j (1 J i ?■ |l;i 72 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE 1832 * wc beg most respectfully to convey to you this exprcs- ' sion of the obligation we feel we are under to you for ' the safety, that we then, and have since, enjoyed in our ' persons and property through your means ; for that it ' is to the military, and to the magistrates, that we owe * our preservation, has been manifestly brought to light * before the grand jury, by their finding and present- ' ments lately returned into the Court of King's * Bench. * We have only further to express a regret that the * performance of a necessary but painful duty, should ' have subjected any one of you to unpleasant and ' unmerited restraint.' The following letter from the Military Secretary of the General Commanding in Chief, addressed to Lieut.-General Lord Aylmer, K.C.B., Commander of the Forces in Canada, was published in the General Orders of the Colony : — ' Horse Guards, Oct. 23rd, 1832. • My Lord, ' I have had the honor to receive and sub- mit to the General Commanding in Chief, your Lord- ship's despatches of the 30th July and 7th September last, conveying, for Lord Hill's information, reports of v/hat had taken place in consequence of a detach- ment of the Fifteenth Regiment of Foot, under the command of Lieut. -Colonel Macintosh and Captain Temple, called out in aid of the civil power at Montreal on the 2 1st of May last, having been compelled to resort to the use of their arms, by which, unfortu- nately, three persons were killed, and several wounded. The General Commanding in Chief, equally with your Lordship, laments (he loss of life upon the occasion adverted to ; but, in justice to Lieut.-Colonel Mac- FIJTEENTU REGIMENT OF FOOT. 73 intosh and Captain Temple, feels bound to say, after 1832 an attentive perusal of all the papers bearing upon the case, that he knows no instance in which troops have been employed in the suppression of riots, where greater judgment, discretion, or humanity, has been displayed ; and if these officers have since been annoyed by accusations of murder, and by every pro- ceeding which could tend to keep alive anxiety, they have at least the consolation of feeling that they have discharged a painful but imperative duty, with temper and moderation, and that by so doing they put an end to disorders, which would probably have led to consequences most disastrous to the city of Montreal. (Signed) ' Fitzroy Somerset.' In the month of June of this year, the colony was visited by that afflicting scourge, the Asiatic cholera. One of the very first individuals attacked was a sentry on the regimental guard ; he was relieved from his post, complaining of the usual symptoms, and despite the most prompt attention, he expired in a few hours. From this time the utmost consternation prevailed in the city, the disease making rapid progress : the deaths were one in ten of the whole population, without dis- tinction of age or rank. Several men were hourly admitted into hospital, where death very shortly ended their sufferings. The hospital serjeant and all the orderlies (several of whom had volunteered to assist their unfortunate comrades) fell sacrifices to their zeal, when the disease was on the decline. One man only, who was in the worst stage of the disease, finally sur- vived. It is worthy of remark that none of the officers were in the least affected, although their duties ex- posed them constantly, by day and night, to an infected atmosphere. 74 HISTORICAL RBCOBD OF THU I 'I: 1832 In order to givo increased ventilation in the barracks, as well as to relieve the attention of the soldiers, a large detachment, chiefly of married men, was sent to La Prairie to occupy an old cavalry barrack there; but this step proved fatal to many of them. It was shortly after determined to remove the whole regiment to the Island of St. Helen's, opposite to the city, where the men were encamped. Thirty-seven men died of this scourge between the 12th and 24th of June, 1832, but not a single case occurred after the regiment was placed under canvass. Licut.-Coloncl Macintosh pro- ceeded to England, and did not again rejoin the regi- ment, having exchanged to half-pay mi\^ Lieut. -Colonel G. W. Horton. 1833 The regiment was moved to Kingston, Upper Ca- nada, in the spring of this year, where it had been stationed on first arriving in the colony, detaching one company to Brockville in aid of the civil power, and ^ company to Cornwall, where some public works were in course of construction. 1834 The Fifteenth moved this year to Toronto, the seat of Government in Upper Canada^ detaching one company to Fort George and another to Amherstburg, frontier posts ; and a subaltern's party proceeded to Penctanquishene, the most advanced military post on Lake Huron. The Canadas were again visited this year by the Asiatic cholera ; the regiment, however, did not suffer in the least. 1835 Lieut.-Colonel G. W. Horton, from the half-pay, vice Macintosh, assumed the command of the regiment. 1836 During the year 1836 the detachments at Fort George and Amherstburg, were relieved by companies from head quarters. 183T I" ^^® y^^'^ ^ ^'^7 all the detachments w ere withdrawn, and the regiment moved to Quebec, in cxpcctfitipn pf I' FIFTEENTH HEOIMENT OF FOOT. 75 returning to England : tho unsettled state of the Cana- 1839 das, however, called for an increased force, and the regi- ment remained in that garrison during tho autumn and winter of 1837. The importance of the citadel at a time when a rebellion had actually broken out, and the population of the place hostile to the government, caused tho duty of the garrison to bear heavily upon the regi- ment, which, with two companies of the sixty-sixth regiment, two companies of artillery, and a battalion of volunteer militia, raised on the emergency, formed the whole force for the protection of this important place. On the 9th May, several ships of war were announced 1838 by telegraph ; and they shortly after anchored opposite the citadel, having on board the Governor-General, the Earl of Durham, and suite, and a brigade of guards, consisting of upwards of 1600 men, under Major-Ge- neral Sir James Macdonnell. The regiment immediately vacated its quarters and proceeded to Chambly, on the river Richelieu, an im- portant post, as being situated in the centre of a popu- lous and disaffected country. Two drafts consisting of 2'26 men joined from the dep6t companies, nearly 100 of them volunteers from the nineteenth regiment. New accoutrements were supplied, and all unserviceable arms were likewise replaced. Lieut.-Colonel Horton resigned the command of the regiment, and proceeded to England in the month of June, at which time two troops of the seventh hussars were added to the garrison of Chambly. Lieut.-Colonel Lord Charles Wellesley, who ex- changed from half-pay with Lieut.-Colonel Horton, arrived in Canada, and assumed the command of th^ regiment in October, 1838. 76 UIBTOUICAL HKC'OKU OF THE t t8 ; 1838 On the 18th of October the headquarter division of the first (or King's) dragoon guards, under the com- mand of Liout.-Coloncl the Honorable Ocorgo Cath- cart, replaced the squadron of the seventh hussars. About midnight, a fire was discovered in the centre of the officers' quarters, which consisted of a long range of buildings of one story only, but being very old, and entirely of wood, they were consumed in less than half an hour. The regiment had to deplore the loss of the two senior Ensigns (Walter Carey and William Dering Adair Boe), the fire having originated in the particular ])orch in which their quarters were situated. Ensign Carey had got clear of all danger, but incau- tiously attempted to secure a favourite object of value, when he sank in the midst of the burning mass. En- sign Roc was rescued from the flames, apparently not murh burnt; he walked nearly half a mile to the hospital without assistance, but died in the course of the day, mortification having rapidly tak( a place : the unfortunate sufferers were committed to the same tomb, and a tablet was erected to their memory in the parish church, by their brother officers, as a mark of their regard, and of deep regret at their untimely fate. The cause of the fire could not be ascertained. Althougii the revolt of 1837 had been put down, another attempt to wrest the colony from the control of the Supreme Government was known to be in agi- tation ; and, as the line of the Richelieu was the most disaffected, several parties of the military forces were employed in searching for arms, and apprehending suspected persaas. About mid-day of the 8th Novem- ber, an unexpcctirid order was received to move the chief part of the fcgimeni to St. John's, (where a detachment of 100 men had been stationed for some FIFTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT. f7 '♦ time,) and although the weather wat most i alotnent, ISM the regi.ncnt reached its dcBtination shortly after dark H'u Excellency Lieut. -General Sir John i ol borne, now Lord Scaton, Commander of the Forces and ()o- vernor-in-Chief, was there in person, with the whole of his stafT. The seventy-third regiment had also been brought from M ctri al. A large y >(lj oi' In' Ui'gents having taken possession of a vill.ig*' netw the frontier, their sympathizing friends in the rjnited btates endeavoured to open a communi- catlu'i ,/ith them and join them; that, being united, they might ac( with more effect against the isolated ]>ositions occupied by the troops : in this object they were, however, frustrated by the timely approach of the Ccimmandcr of the Forces in person. As the troops advanced, the country was deserted by the misguided inhabitants, who did not anticipate the immediate consequences of their disaffection, and on arriving near the village of Napiervillc, where the rebels were said to be in force, it was discovered that they had dispersed ; nor could they afterwards be brought to face the troops in any single instance. A small party, however, of volunteers, signalized them- selves by attacking a superior force of the disaffected, who in their turn became the aggressors, but they were repulsed, and dispersed with great loss. The troopt. were cantoned for a few days in the im- meuxate neighbourhood of Napierville, during which the misguided habitans sheltered themselves in the woods, submitting their property to the pillage of the sol- diery, who were living at free quarters during the time. An irruption being threatened by the sympathizers, at a place called Henmigford^ a short distance from the frontier, but on the opposite side of the Richelieu, 78 HISTORICAL RECORD OP THE \\ 1838 the Commander of the Forces moved there, accompa- nied by a division of the Fifteenth and seventy- third regiments, some artillery, and two troops of the first (or King's) dragoon guards. The loyal portion of the inhabitants were speedily formed, and prepared to assist the troops in acting as circumstances might require. But the activity of the Commander of the Forces checked the ardour of the marauders, who never fairly made their appearance. During the remainder of the month of November, the regiment was employed in searching for arms, throughout the counties bordering on the Richelieu, and succeeded in securing large quantities of them, after which service the corps returned to Chambly. 1839 The head-quarters were again moved in December to St. John's, and from thence to the Isle aux Noix, sending two companies to take post at Napierville, thus occupying the frontier line. But one occasion offered for proving the alacrity and discipline of the regiment. An order was received about eleven o'clock, A.M., on the 5th January, to move two hundred and fifty to Henry ville, a small hamlet to the east of the Riche- lieu, with all possible despatch; and the division, in complete marching order, arrived at its destination before sunset ; although the distance was only seven miles, the march had to be performed through un- cleared woods, and over roads in many places breast- deep in snow, where the men were obliged to file in single rank. The sixty-sixth regiment, and some com- panies of the grenadier guards, together with a half battery of artillery, were already concentrated there, un- der the command of Major-General Sir James Macdon- nell. The promptness of this forward movement, how- ever, deterred the marauders from effecting their nefa- FIFTEENTH REGIMENT Ol' FOOT. 79 rious designs ; and the troopR shortly returned to their 1639 several stations. The regiment moved to Montreal, and took up quar- ters at the island of St. Helen's, withdrawing the com- panies at Napiervillc, but detaching two companies to William Henry, and one to Three Kivers. During the summer, the regiment suffered severely from ophthalmia, and although situated most favour- ably (the rapid and clear stream of the St. Lawrence perpetually flowing round the island), and unremit- tingly watched by the staff and regimental surgeons, the disease was not eradicated. The service companies returned to England on the 1840 25th June of this year, on board the" Athol" troop- ship, and disembarked at Portsmouth, where the dcpdt companies awaited their arrival. The regiment was quartered at the Haslar and 1841 Fort Monckton barracks, until January, 1841, when it marched to Winchester. From thence it was moved to Woolwich in June, detaching thive companies to Dept- ford. The Fi FTEENTH movodto Windsor early in the month 1S42 of April, where the regiment remained until November. On being relieved by a battalion of the grenadier guards, the regiment proceeded to Manchester, the head-quarters moving shortly after to Chester Castle. Whilst stationed at Windsor, the regiment was highly honored by the personal inspection of Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen, and her August Consort, the Prince Albert. Her Majesty, on another occasion, reviewed the regiment in the Home Park, attended by H.R.H. the Prince Albert, and the Hereditary Grand Duke of Saxe Coburg Gotha. ''J J , i 1 .1 80 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE 1842 Her Majesty was, on both occasions, most graciously pleased to express her approbation of the appearance of the men, and the precision of their movements. The half-yearly inspection of the regiment, by Lieut.- G eneral Sir John Macdonald, G.C.B., Adjutant-General to the Forces, took place in the Home Park at Windsor, on the 22nd of July. He uas pleased to approve highly of the interior discipline and appearance of the regiment. At this period, upwards of five hundred men had been recruited for the regiment since its return from Canada, and fifty-eight volunteers were furnished to the following corps this year, namely, to the forty-second royal Highland regiment, the ninety-seventh regiment, and the St. Helena regiment. On the 31st October and 1st November, the Fif- teenth proceeded from Windsor to the northern dis- trict, and were stationed at Chester, where the regiment 1643 remained until June 1843, when it marched to Man- chester, and in the following month embarked for Ireland, and was stationed at Templemore. 1844 In March, 1844, the regiment proceeded from 1845 Templemore to Limerick ; and in July, 1845, it was formed into six service and four depot companies. The former marched to Cork, and embarked on the 8th and 17th September, in the "Maria Somes" and "Mariner" transports, for Ceylon; the head- quarter division under the command of Lieut- Colonel Thomas A. Drought, and the second division under Major R. A. Cuthbert. The depot companies proceeded from Limerick to Waterford in August, 1845, and were quartered there during the following year. 1846 The service companies arrived at Ceylon on the 1 5th FIFTEENTH REQIMENT OF FOOT. 81 and '26th January, 1846, and wcro stationed at Colombo 1846 until the 26th November, when the head-quarters were removed to Kandy, remaining there during the year 1847. The dep6t companies marched from Waterford to Clonmel, in July, 1847; and on the 21st 1847 October embarked at Dublin for Liverpool, and pro- ceeded to Chester. In June, 1848, the period of Iho conclusion of this 1848 Record, the service companies of the FiPTiiENTH regi- ment remained at Kandy; the depot com[)anies removed in the month of May, from Chester Castle to South Wales, the head-quarters being stationed at Brecon, with detachments at Dowlais and Swansea. ] 1848. n « Ml i \ :\\ ■^4 ..-''ii! F;lIFTlK;iKIVT!l'! K :K G .[ :^1,1;; ;-> T DIV xUW T'lP. CANNJNS Mll.llAKi rifCOHO^ 83 SUCCESSION OF COLONELS OB Tim FIFTEENTH. OR YORKSHIRE EAST UIDINO REGIMENT OF FOOT. Sir William Clifton, Baut. Appointed 22nd June, 1685. William Clifton succeeded, on tlie deceiue of lib uncU*, in January, 1675, to the dignity of Baronet, of Clifton in Nottinghamshire. On the breaking out of the rebellion of James Duke of Monmouth, he evinced loyalty to King James II., and interested himself in raising a regiment for IMm Majesty's service, now the Fifteenth foot, of which ho won appointed colonel, by commission dated the 22nd of June, 1685. When tranquillity was restored, he retired from tho service, and was not afterwards employed in u military capacity. Arthur Herbkut. Appointed I2th May, 1680. Arthur Herbert (son of Sir Edward Herbert, attorney- general to King Charles I., and afterwardH keeper of tho great seal) was educated for the naval Mervice, and after serving in subordinate commissions, he tuid the command of u squadron before Tangier ; he afterwards watt at tlie head of a fleet sent against Algiers, and obtained the reputation of un able naval commander. King James II. gave him the colonelcy of a corps of musketeers and pikemen, now the FiFTi^UNni 2 ■wmMm Ill .J* 84 SUCCESSION OF COLONELS. foot ; but aflerwards deprived him of hh commission for opposition to tl«e measures of tlie court. He proceeded to Holland, and was well received by the Prince of Orange, who nominated him Admiral of the Dutch fleet which accompanied His Highness to England in the autumn of 1688, when the revolution wai> accomplished. When the Prince and Princess of Orange were elevated to the throne. Admiral Herbert was raised to the peerage by the title of Baron Torbay and Earl op ToRHiNCiTON, his Creation bearing date the 29th of May, 1689. He was aiso constituted first commissioner of tlie Admiralty, commander-in-chief of the fleet, and colonel of a regiment of marines, which was afterwards disbanded. He commanded the Britisli sliipping in a sharp engagement with the French, in Bantry-bay, in tlie summer of 1689 ; he also commanded the Britisij fleet in the disastrous naval action oft' Beachy-head, in the summer of 1690; and was afterwards committed to the Tower on suspicion of treachery, in consequence of his not having brought the British fleet gallantly into action, which occasioned the Dutch shipping to sustain severe loss in con- test with superior nunibers. He was brought to trial before a court-martial, and acquitted ; but he was removed from his appointments, and was not afterwards employed in the service of his sovereign. He died in April, 1716. :■ Sackville Tufton. Appointed \2th March, 1687. Sackville Tufton, brother of tlie Earl of Thanet, was several years an officer of the first foot guards, in which corps Kinf Ciiarles II. promoted him to the commission of captain of His Majesty's own company. He also served in the foot guards in the early part of the reign of King James II., who promoted him to the colonelcy of a corps of infantry, now the Fifteenth foot. At the revolution in 1688, he adliered to the interest of the Stuart dynasty, and refusing to take the oath to the Prince of Orange, he was superseded in the command of his regiment. He died in 1741. SUCCESSION OF COLONELS. 80 Sir James Lesley. Appointed ^\st December, 1688. This officer serveil with reputation in the Queen's regiment, now second foot, or the Queen's Royal, at Tangier in Africa, where he had opportunities of distinguisliing himself against the Moors, and King Charles II. promoted him to the majority of his regiment. He served against the rebels under the Duke of Monmouth, in uie summer of 1685 ; was at the battle of Scdgemoor ; and was rewarded by King James II. with the lieut.-colonelcy of the Queen Dowager's regiment. Joining the interests of the Prince of Orange, at the Revo- lution, he was nominated colonel of the Fifteenth foot, with which corps he served against the insurgent clans in Scotland, and also under King William III., in Flanders. He commanded a brigade at the attack of Fort Kenoque in 1695; and was afterwards engaged in the defence of Dix- mude, where he yielded to the suggestions of the governor, and voted, in a council of war, for the surrender of the town, for which he was cashiered, by sentence of a general court- martial. The governor, the Dutch General EUemberg, was beheaded at Ghent. Emanuel Howe. Appointed 1st November 1695. Emanuel HowE,brother of Viscount Howe, of Ireland, served under King William IIT., in the Netherlands, in the first foot guards, in which corps he was advanced to captain and lieut.- colonel. In the autumn of 1695, His Majesty nominated Lieut. Colonel Howe, to the colonelcy of the Fifteenth foot, with which corps he served during the remainder of the war. In the reign of Queen Anne he was employed in a diplomatic capacity, and was several years envoy extraordinary at. the court of Hanover. He was promoted to the rank of m.ijor- generdl in 1707, and to that of lieut.-general in the begin- ning of 1709. He died on the 26th of September, 1709. / 86 SUCCESSION OF COLONELS. Algernon Eabl of Hertford. Appointed 23rd October, 1709. Algernon Seymour, Earl of Hertford, eldest son of the Duke of Somerset, served with reputation under the cele- brated John Duke of Marlborough, in Flanders, and was at the battle of Oudenarde, and covering the siege of Lisle, in 1708. In 1709 he served at the siege of Tournay, the battle of Malplaquet, and the siege of Mons ; and on tiie death of Lieut.-Gen. Howe, he was nominated to the colonelcy of the Fifteenth foot, at the head of which regiment he served in Flanders during the campaigns of 1710, 1711, and 1712; and he was appointed governor of Tynemouth castle, and Clif- ford-fort. On the accession of King George I., the Earl of Hertford was appointed to the second troop, now second regi- ment, of life guards; in 1737 he was nominated governor of Minorca and was removed in 1740 to the royal regiment of horse guards (blue) ; in 1742 he resigned the government of Minorca, and was appointed governor of Guernsey. In 1748 he succeeded to the dignity of Duke of Somerset. His decease occurred in February, 1750. Harry Harrison. Appointed Sth February, 1715. This officer entered the army as ensign in a regiment of foot, on the 22nd of February, 1695, and served two campaigns in Flanders under King William III. He also served with reputation in the wars of Queen Anne, and was promoted to the lieut. -colonelcy of the thirty-ninth foot, with which corps he embarked for Portugal in 1707. He served the campaign of 1708, on the frontiers of Portugal, under the Marquis of Fronteira; and in 1709, evinced signal gallantry at the battle of the Caya. lie served in Portugal during the remainder of the war ; was i)romoted to the rank of colonel in 1711 ; and at the peace of Utrecht, accompanied his regiment to Minorca. In 1715, King George I. rewarded his services with the colonelcy of the Fifteenth foot, with which regiment he SUCOBSaiON OF COLON RLS. 87 served in the action at Glensheil in 1719. He was promoted to the rank of brigadier-general in 1735, to that of major- general in 1739, and lieut.-general in 1748. He died in March. 1749. at in e of John Jordan. Appointed \5th April, 1749. John Jordan procured a commission in the army in Decem- ber, 1704, and served in the war of tlie SjMiiiish succession. In 1739 he was appointed major, and in 1741 lieut.-colonel of the tentli dragoons ; and his constant attention to all the duties of his station was rewarded, in 1749, with the colonelcy of tlie Fifteenth foot. In April, 1750, he was removed to the ninth dragoons. He died in the following month. Jeffery Amherst. Appointed 22nd May, 1756. Jepfeby Amherst attached himself in early life to the pro- fession of arms, and in 1745 he was appointed captain and lieut.-colonel in tlie first foot guards. In 1756 he was pro- moted to the colonelcy of the Fifteenth foot; and in 1758 he was nominated commander-in-chief in North America (with the local rank of lieut. -general), and colonel-in ciilef of the sixtieth regiment : in tlie following year lie was pro- moted to tlie rank of major-general. The achievements of the British forces in Nortli America, during the period he was commander-in-chief in that country, are inscribed on an obelisk in tlie grounds of his sesit at Montreal, viz : — Louisbourg surrendered, and six battalions made prisoners of war, July the 26th, 1758. Fort du Qtiesne taken possession of, 24th November, 1758. iVja^fara surrendered, 25th July, 1759. Ticonderago taken possession of, 26th July, 1759. Crown Point taken possession of, 4th August, 1759. Qweiec capitulated, 18th September, 1759. 8H SUCCESSION OP COLONK1.S. ! 1 ! i i 1 fort Levi mrramhuH], 25tli August, 17G0. Isle nux Nnix abatuloiuHi, 29th Augu»f, 1760. Montreal hiirreiiilertKl, and with it ull Caimer8t resigned hia commissions; but was soon afterwards appointed colonel of the third regi- ment of foot, and also re- appointed colonel-in-chief of the dixtieth, or royal American regiment of foot. He wan ad- vanced to the peerage by the title of Bakon Amherst of Ilolmesdale, in the county of Kent, in 1776; and three yeara afterwards the colonelcy of the second troop of horse grena- dier guards was given to his lordship. On the decease of Lord Rt)bert Hertie, in 1782, TiOrd Amherst was appointeN OF (OM)Ni<;iJ). 8U that of licut.-goticral ill 1777; and geiionil in 1793; he was alHO honored with the dignity of Knight of the Order of the Unth. lie rcHigiied tlie coltinclcty of hi» regiment in 1775; he hIso relinquiNhtHJ his court appointmnit of groom of the bedchamher to Hid Mujcwty, Imt tlie King kept the situation vacant until hix deceone in 1794. Ric'iiAiiD Earl op Cavan. Appointed 1th September^ 1775. ' RiciiARU Lamuakt, son of tiie Honorable Henry Liimbart, third son of Cliiirles third Karl of Cuvun, served in tliu army in tlio war of tlie Austrian Biicccflsicm, and in June, 1756, he was promoted to captain and lieut. -colonel in the first foot guards. He was advanced to the rank of colonel in 1762, and to that of major-general in 1772; he succeeded to the dignity of Karl of Cavan in the same year. In 1774 he was a[)pointed colonel of the fifty-fifth regiment ; and was re- moved to the FiFTEKNTii in the following year: in 1777 ho wa«i [iromoted to the rank of lieut. -general. He died in No- vember, 1778. Sir William Fawcktt, K.B. Appointed \2th November 1778. William Fawcett, descended from the ancient family of Fawcett."*, of Shi|)den Hall, near Halifax, having, from his early youth, a strong predilection for a military life, Ida friends procured him an ensign's commission in General Oglethorp's regiment, which was stationed in Georgia; but a liritish force having been sent to Flanders in 1742, he resigned his commission, proceeded to the continent, and, serving as a volunteer, was at the l)attles of Dottingeii and Fontenoy, where his gallantry attracted admiration ; and he was appointed ensign in a regiment raised by ColonelJohnstone, with which he served until the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, in 1748, when it was disbanded. Being now unemployed, he engaged in the service of a mercantile establishment in the city of London ; but finding i 1; ■ 1 " 1 t 1 . ft ,\ ll 90 SUCCESSION OF COLONELS. his propensity to a military life invincible, he subsequently purchased an ensign's commission in the foot guards, and, by a strict attention to his duties, procured the favour of his Royal Highness William Duke of Cumberland, who gave him the adjutancy of the second battalion of the third foot guards, which he held together with a lieutenantcy, which gave him the rank of captain. Neglecting no opportunity of qualifying himself for the highest posts in his profession, he studied the German and French languages, acquired a know- ledge of Prussian and French tactics ; and in 1757 published a translation of the * Memoirs upon the Art of War, by Mar- ' shal Count de Saxe,' and ' The Regulations for Prussian * Cavalry ;' and, in 1759, * Regulations for the Prussian In- * fantry,' and * The Prussian Tactics.' These works met with great attention, and a new edition in 176U was also well re- ceived. In the early part of the Seven Years' War, Captain Fawcett served in Germany as aide-de-camp to Lieutenant-General Grenville Elliott, where he acquired increased knowledge of the military art; and his ardour, intrepidity, and attention to the duties of his situation, were such, that on the decease of Lieutenant-General Grenville Elliott, Captain Fawcett was recommended for the appointment of aide-de- camp to Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick, and he had also the offer of the same appointment to the Marquis of Granby ; he chose the latter, and was sent to England with the despatches which gave the account of the victory at Warbourg ; on which occasion, King George II. was highly gratified at having the particulars of this engagement related to him in the German language by Captain Fawcett. He was advanced to tlie rank of lieutenant-colonel in the army on the 25th of November, 1760; and, continuing to serve in Germany, was appointed military secretary to the Marquis of Granby. It is recorded that, in Lieu tenant.- Colonel Fawcett's character, strength and softness were happily blended together, and to coolness, intre- pidity, and extensive military knowledge, he added all the re- quisite talents of a man of business, and the most persevering assiduity. He was highly esteemed by every officer on the staff of the army, and was the intimate and confidential friend of the Marquis of Granby. He remainen service until the SUCCESSION OP COTiONRlJS. 91 peace in 1763, when he returned to England ; and his know- ledge of the German language, with the information he pos*^ sessed from his late office, was the occasion of his being em- ployed by King George III. as commissary to settle the claims made by the Allies against Great Britain for the ex- penses of the war. In November, 1767, he obtained a company in the third foot guards; and in 1772 he was promoted to the rank of colonel in the army, and nominated deputy adjutant-general of the forces. At the commencement of the American war, Colonel Faw- cett was sent to Germany, to negotiate with the states of Hesse, Hanover, and Brunswick, for a body of troops to serve in British pay. In 1776 he was appointed governor of Graves- end and Tilbury-fort ; was promoted to major-general in 1777, and nominated colonel of the FiFTnENTH foot in 1778: 1781 he was constituted adjutant-general of the forces. in The rank of lieut.-general was conferred upon this valuable servant of the crown in 1782; in 1786 His Majesty honored him with the riband of the Order of the Bath, and in 1792, gave him the colonelcy of the third, or Prince of Wales's, dragoon guards. In May, 1796, Sir William Fawcett received the rank of general, and was appointed governor of the Royal Hospital, Chelsea, in July following. The duties of adjutant-general requiring greater exertions than his health would admit of, he obtained the King's permission to resign, and on retiring from office His Majesty honored him with distinguished marks of his royal favour and approbation. In 1799 Sir William Faw- cett was appointed general on the staff, and performed the duties of commander-in-chief during the absence of the Duke of York on the continent. He died in March, 1804, and his funeral was honored with the presence of His Koyal IlighncsH I lie Piinoe of Wales, their Royal Highnesses the Dukes of York, Clarence, Kent, and Cambridge, and of many noblemen and general officers. 92 SUCCESSION OF COLONELS. James Hamilton. Appointed 22nd August, 1 792. This officer served with reputation in the reign of King George II., and in 1761 he took an active part in raising the 1 1.3th regiment, or Royal Highlanders, of which corps he was appointed major-commandant. At the peace in 1763 his corps was disbanded, and he was placed on half-pay ; he was pro- moted to the rank of lieut.-colonelin May, 1772, and appointed to the twenty-first regiment, or Royal North British Fusiliers, in March, 1771. He served with reputation in the American war : was promoted to the rank of colonel in 1780 ; to that of major-general in 1787 ; appointed colonel of the Fifteenth regiment in 1792, and removed to the twenty-first in 1794. He obtained the rank of lieut. -general in 1797, and tlat of general in 1802. His decease occurred in 1803. Henry Watson Powell. Appointed 20th June, 1794. At the augmentation of the army in 1756, this officer was appointed captain of a company in the second battalion of the eleventh foot, wliiuh battalion was numbered the sixty-fourth regiment in 1758. In 1770 he obtained the majority of the thirty-eighth, and in 1771 the lieut.-colonelcy of the fifty- third, at the head of which corps he served in the American war. He was promoted to the rank of colonel in 1779, and to that of major-general in 1782; in 1792 he obtained the colonelcy of tiie sixty-ninth regiment, from which he was re- moved in 1794 to the Fifteenth foot. In 1796 he obtained the rank of lieut.-geiieral, and that of general in 1801. He died in 1814. Sir Mooke Disney, K.C.B. Appointed 23rd July, 1814. This officer commenced his career in tlie army, as an ensign in the grenadier guards, on the l7th April, 1783, and served with them to the close of the American war. He was pro- SUCCESSION OF COLONKI.S. 93 moted lieutenant and captain on the Srd Juno, 1791, and from the end of 1793 till the return of the army in May, 1795, he served under his Royal HighneHH the Dul Furnes and Dixmude captured .... — Sept., The French lines at D'Otiguies forced . . 10 July, 1693 Battle of Landen 29 July, ■ Surrender of Huy 17 Sept., 1694 Attack on Fort Kenoquc 9 June, 1695 Dixmude surrendered to the French . . . 16 July, Namur retaken by King William III. . . 25 July, Citadel of Namur surrendered .... 5 Sept., — — Treaty of Byswick signed 11 Sept., 1697 96 APPENDIX. 1 LiiU of Siegea, Battles, ^c. in the Netherlandn and Germany, during the Campaigns tinder the Duke o/" MAHLBOROuaH, from 1702