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»yw:{f,-..: 
 
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ON 
 
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 IMXENT :MU){'I:H!)IX(;8 
 
 I\ 
 
 EPISCOPAL SYNODS, 
 
 IN ki;lation to 
 
 IIELIGIOUS TRUTH A.\I) rHKEllOM. 
 
 11 Y 
 
 JOllX G. .ArAUSIfALL. 
 
 (Uetlrol .Iinlgo, Hc.) 
 
 lIALir.\X. X. S. : 
 rniNTED IJY WILLIAM MACXAB, 11 PRINCE STIILKT, 
 
 1808. 
 
 *mm**m<mnm0 
 

(9a |^r0mainQjei in (B^Htm^ J$l|ttod$, &(. 
 
 The proceedings of the Episcopal Assembly lately held in Eng'- 
 land, called the Lambeth Conference, have unavoidably ittracted 
 very general attention, and drawn forth a variety of opinions as to 
 their true character, and probable tendencies and effects. Many 
 have thought that such an Assembly was altogether needless, — 
 believing that the Articles, Canons, and other laws and regulations, 
 composing what may be called tne Standards of the English Epis- 
 copal Church, were either quite sufficient as to the faith and prac- 
 tice of its clergy and laity ; — or if any alterations were really 
 required, they ought to be made by some legally constituted 
 authority. Others have viewed those proceedings rather with 
 indifference as to their consequences, by reason of the Assembly 
 not having been of any constitutionally authorized character, but 
 merely of a voluntary description. Some others, — even a large 
 number, are of opinion, — not without good reasons, — that although 
 it was of that voluntary nature, some of its measures when carried 
 into operation, will have compulsor^ id binding effects, and pro- 
 duce injurious consequences to that Section of the Christian Church ; 
 and to truly evangelical religion generally This last opinion 
 Beems to be the best founded, as will be shown by the facts and 
 remarks which will be set forth in the course of this Essay. 
 
 The Conference was convened by the Archbishop of Canter- 
 bury, the Primate of the established Church, and was com- 
 posed of a majority of the Bishops of that Church, and of the 
 Bishops of the Churches of Scotland, the Colonies, and the States 
 of the American Union. Those of the two last named countries 
 formed the large majority of the Assembly. The Archbishop of 
 
York, atul sovcral ulliors of tlie Englisli Episcopacy, rofraiiifil from 
 atlcndiiiL^' the Coiiforoiico. 
 
 Diniiii;- lis sittiiip:s niinierous resoliilioiis ami oilier afis woro 
 passcil, iiiiil iiiciisnrcs su^ii^ostcd or rocomniondcij lor coiisitltTation 
 ami aiU)[iti(»ii. by the Episcopal riiiirclics g-c;icially, Imt f'S|MMialiy 
 liy those in Ihe ('oloiiios oi' the Eiiij»ire. 1( is not iiitemleil 1m at- 
 tetni»t, here, any re\ iew, or coinnieiits on the whole, or e\ m jtny 
 hnjjce portion ol' the proceeding's of that di<,^nilied Asscnd)ly : hut 
 some u[' its acts are of such (lescri[)tions, as justly to warrant uu 
 behalf of rrn/li/ or/hu'loj- chri^lidnily, some plain an<l even <'e!i>nrable 
 strictures. One part of its objectionable ami alarmin;^- proceed- 
 ing's, — and which has chielly produced this i)ublication, consists, 
 in havin;^' passed and recommended for adoiitioii by the ehiu'hcs, 
 a measure of an unauthorized and improperly restrictive eharactcr, 
 and which in carryin<;* it into elVect, will to a certainty, I'O att<'nded 
 with opj)r(!ssive and otherwise injurious conse(piciices, as lej^ards 
 the due l'ree<lom and purity of the En.ii,'lish Ministry and (.'hurch, 
 more especially ; and also the interests of sound Christianity ,u;;enc- 
 rally, I allude to a declaration re(iuired to be made by camlidates 
 for admission into the Ministry ol'that Church, and in certain oilun' 
 spccilietl cases. In the last meetin<;* of the Synod of this JHocesc, 
 that Declaration was adopteil and established for observ.inci.\ 
 
 Before setting' it forth, verhathn, and oflering' rennirks concerning' 
 it, I will avail myself ol" the freedom obviously aiforded, of ex- 
 pressing' sonic thoughts wdiich have arisen, irotn a consideration of 
 the character of that Lambeth or Pan Anglican Conference, and 
 some other parts of its i)ublished proceedings. It would scorn that 
 it was designed to su[)))l3' some supposed defect of ecclesiastical 
 power, or raise some further barrier lor the Church, in relation to 
 its ci)nn(;ctioii with the State. It is well known, that tliere are 
 very o[)[)osite opinions regarding this connection, not onI\ in the 
 establishment itself, but to some extent, in the various dissenting 
 bodies. The latter, however, very generally comlemn that con- 
 nection. Like nearly all other human institutions, there are in 
 that English connection, both evils and advantages ; and therefore, 
 it is not at all surprising, that there is such a dilference of opinion, 
 as to which of those opposite qualities predominates in that es- 
 tablishment. History, through all ages, has tCHtilied, that the 
 
 so 
 
 UI 
 
 th 
 
 e\l 
 
 li: 
 in 
 Ir. 
 
•i.illy 
 
 secular and ccclosiastical powers have, yrpnrnfrli/, ami also wlicn 
 coinh/ii'-'f, porsociitod, — oftcMi with flic most horrid cnioltics, — not 
 only fur ilic iK'nfi'ssion, but rr<'(ju<'ntly for the siisjh'cidii o(" <'('rtain 
 vcrilnhlc t/<ir/r}iu:-< and (ilisi'rrfinir.<, condcmnod l»y oiic, or hnlh of 
 those powers. The cccli'siaxficnl has, on the whole. 0(pialh'd. il'not 
 oxcoc'dcd, the .svvv^An' authority, in thai spi.-eicfi of* iitriiciniis wickcil- 
 Ufss. Happily, in the present day, any stndi sanj^ninary ciMielties. 
 as were c.ininiitted in I'liriner a^es, eaiuiot he perpetrat(>d i:i i'i\i- 
 li/.ed eniiiitries. But still there are dan.<»'ers and injuries t^ the 
 interests and the pm^i-ess ol' true relij:!;'ioii ennstantly oxistinu*, and 
 from liin" to time increasing', l»y reason ol" some oi- many loi'ins of 
 error, as to doctrines, modes of worshiji, or lui othei- jxiints. These 
 <'vils arise from the eneroaehmiMit , (U" other impropei' proeeedini;'!* 
 of'eith'M' the stjcid ir or the eci'lesiastii-al power, ami at times from 
 both. 
 
 At present, in the seculai' or State authority, in the KiiL^'Iish es- 
 tahlislmieiit, th(.'r(! is, dou.htless, ii lar.t;'e measure of eoi-ruplin;^' aiid 
 ruinous h^u'en, called crat^-'iaiu'f^m, or ralioiinlisii), as rei;'ards true 
 relij;'ioii. It may, indeed, he more ])r(>perly termed >'•////, if not 
 cnlirf injiffrh'fi/, as to the olilip,'atory fdi'ce of scriptiiral tndh and 
 authoi'ity. In connection with this ^'reat and <lestruct i\-e evil, 
 thci'c i~ another, and one of its natui'al conse<puMic<'s, in the samo 
 .secuhir (piarter, — that of, — a laxity, or careless imlilVerence as to 
 the piii-ih/, iind all the other vital interests of scriptural Christianity. 
 On the other hand, in the ecclesiastical portion of the estahlish- 
 inent, althou_!.;'h there is much that is (wcellent, both in iloctriiK! 
 and i>ractic(>, tliero have been for numy late years, sovei-al most 
 pernicious defecti(»ns, and forms of evil, both as to docti'ines ami 
 modes of worship, and other external observances, ll may seem, 
 then'l'iii'i', I'adier dillicnlt to detei'ndne, which (dass, or combination 
 of e\-ils. — those in th'.' .•<cr>.ilnr, or those in the rfi-li'sias/ii-dl part of 
 that es'.dilishment, — are the nujst (lani;'ei"ous and injuiMous, as re- 
 gai'ds tnn^ scriptural religi(ui. The State does not mow jiersocute, 
 as form"iiy, for relig'ious opinions or observances; ami could not 
 do it. il'so dispos(xl ; nor does it seem at all imdim.'d to interfere in 
 any tlmoloo-icjil or relig^ious coutroversi(>s, unless almost co:n[)ell(?d 
 to do it, by the imp<'rativc authority of existing law. It seems 
 probable, that this indiilcrence and inactivity of the State power, 
 
6 
 
 has hocn one of the reasons for the calling, and for some of the 
 proceedings of the late Lambeth Conference. The histories of 
 nearly all Conncils, Synods, and other ecclesiastical AsHomblies, 
 have shown, that all their movements and measures should be very 
 carefully observed and scrutini'/x'd, as to doctrines, and, indeed, on 
 all other points, by both clergy and laity, who hold tiie true faith 
 in divine revelation. Ecclesiastical records, througli all ages, have 
 shown tlie truth of what a clerical dignitary of Bristol declared, on 
 a public occasion, several years ago, that nearly every heresy, false 
 doctrine, and erroneous ceremony and observance, which has af- 
 flicted the Church, was originated and introduced l>y nuMubers of 
 the clerical order. This has been true from the early heresies of 
 Arius, Paul of Samosaba, the Apollonaria, Celestius, Nestorms, — a 
 Patriarch, — Eutyches, Socinus, and many other lierctical systems 
 and doctrines, of lesser prevalence and influence. The same has 
 also been the case, as regards a variety of corrupt and superstitious 
 doctrines, ceremonies, and practices, introduced during wiiat are 
 called the middle and dark ages, and even down to the present cen- 
 tury. Nearly all of them have been introduced by dignified ecclesi- 
 astical characters, and into more than one of the various Churches. 
 
 These facts have been referred to, and the foregoing remarks 
 suggested, from a perusal of the letter of the Archbishop of Canter- 
 bury, on behalf of that late Pan Angelican conference, addressed 
 to the Patriarchs, and other dignitaries and priesthood of " the 
 Greek Church of Russia." The address to them at the head of the 
 letter, is in the following words : — "To the Patriarchs, Metropoli- 
 tans, Archbishops, Bishops, Priests, and Deacons, and other 
 beloved brethren of the Eastern Ortlwdox Church. Ciiarles Thomas, 
 Archbishop of Canterbury, Primate of the United Church of Eng- 
 land and Ireland, &c., sendeth greeting." 
 
 After mentioning in the commencement, the calling of tlie Con- 
 ference, the letter says ; — " We notify to you, brethren in the Lord, 
 what has lately taken place among us, that you may rejoice with 
 us in our oneness of mind." 
 
 Now, to show that the terms here employed ; — "beloved breth- 
 ren," and " brethren in the Lord," were Scripturally unwarranted, 
 and altogether inappropriate, as applied to those ecclesiastical 
 characters in that eastern church, it will be requisite to advert to 
 
what, for very many ages, have been, and still arc, the principal 
 doctrines, ceremonies, and observances of that church. 
 
 Mihier, in his comprehensive and accurate Church History, has 
 written concerning it, at difl'ercnt periods, in the following terms : 
 " The vices which tarnished the west, were superstition, polemical 
 subtilty, and monasticism. Tiiose same vices, meeting with little 
 or no check from the revival whicli took place in Africa, and spread 
 a benign influence through the Latin Churches, — prevailed in the 
 East, almost universally," (Mil. 2 V. 518). This is given as to 
 the ^//i century, and before its final separation from the western 
 church. In writing on that eastern church, in tlie dghth century, 
 and just after that separation, he relates, tiiat an image of the Savi- 
 our having been placed on a cross erected in Constantinople, the 
 Emperor ordered an officer to take it down, who, while endeavour- 
 ing to do so, was murdered by several women. Some persons who 
 had been concerned in the murder, were tried and executed, and 
 Milner says : — " Such was the triumph of idolatry, at length, that 
 the murderers are honored as martyrs by the Greek Church to this 
 day." And again he says ; — " the reigning powers, both in the East 
 and West, were overgrown with false worsliip,"(3 v. pp. 157 — 170). 
 Of the ciiurches in the ninth century, he writes : — " Botli the east 
 and the west were indeed full of idolatry, and darkness, and seemed 
 to vie with each other in supporting the kingdom of Satan." (3 v. 
 p. 226). Writing of the twelfth century he says : — " Of the Greek 
 Church, hardly anything occurs, which properly falls within the 
 design of this history. Superstition, idolatry, frivolous contentions, 
 and metaphysical niceties, attended with a lamentable want of true 
 piety and virtue, from almost the whole of the religious phenomena 
 in the east." (3 v. 417). Of ihc fourteenth century, as to the 
 East, he writes; — "No christian records are come down to us of 
 anything like the primitive go^spel.-' (4 v. p. 65). 
 
 That Greek church has ever since continued to be of the same 
 heterodox and corrupt character The fifteenth edition of "A 
 sketch of the Denominations of the Christian World," by Dr. John 
 Evans, gives the following descriptions and particulars, relating to 
 the Greek Church in Russia : — " It diflers from the reformed church 
 in the number of the sacraments, in using pictures, in admitting 
 the invocation of the Saints, in transubstantiation, or rather con- 
 
s 
 
 snl).st;iii1iiitioji, aii'l ol (•oiii'S(\ the adoialioii of the liosi ; ainl 
 tln)ii;^-li it rejects piiru^atorv, it lias sonietliiii)^ that may l»e said io 
 roseinhle il ; ami it admits masses and scM'vieos for the (h'ad." 
 " 1'he (Jreek Church e(|iials the Ki)mish Church, in the imi'iher -of 
 eeremniiies, and sii))erstiti(»ns customs ; some (d' wliit.'li are thus 
 (Icserihed in CMianhreii's travels, into Uussia : — •' At the l»e;^-in(iin;j,' 
 of the year, — tin* Kiny-'s dav, — i^^ a sin<''ular festival, which Ihov cuH 
 the liriH'th'c/ion III' ]V(ifi'r.<! On the Neva, (hen fro/cen. llior<! is raised 
 for the c('n'iii()iiy a kind nl" 1cm|)]<\ of an octaj;'onal lit;Mire, on thf 
 lop nf which lliere is a St. John (he Haj>tist, and (ho insid*? is 
 dec(tra(<'i| with pitdnres, representing the' baptism nf .lesns, his 
 transliii'nration. and some odier parts (d' his life, '{'here, your 
 attention is drawn (o an eiinrmoiis Holy (Jliost, appearin;;* to 
 doHcend IVmn hcaN'cn : a dec-oration cnmnion in the (Ireel< ('liiirch, 
 which introdnces (he Holy (Jlinst e\erywdi(!re. In the middle of 
 the Sanctnary, is a stpiare place, where the broken ice leaves a 
 communication with the wa(ci's i*unnin,i4' below, and (he rest is 
 r)rnament<Ml with I'ich tapes(ry. Around this tein])1e (here is 
 erected a kind of ii'allery. wliicdi communicate-; \vi(h one dl" the 
 windows (d' (he Imperial palace. a( which (}i(> llmpress wi(h Ikt 
 family conu^ out, to at lend the cercMuony, wdiich Ix^^'ins as soon as 
 the re^'imenl of Hm' guards have taken post on the river. Then 
 the Ariddtishop, at the sound of the ludls, and of the arlillery (d 
 the fortress, c<^mes out of (he palace, and walks in [)r(M'esNion with 
 all his cderij,"y. to the lidle (emjjle we haxc j'list mentioned. \Vhen 
 an-ived at the ])lace w here the ice is l)roken, he descends by means 
 of a ladder, to the side <d'(he water. VV/c/v he dij)s his cross three 
 or four times, afterwards says some prayers, an orison to the o-rcat 
 St. Nicholas, and the waters are then thouj^'ht blessed. Tln^ prelate 
 s))riid\les the water on the ;-om[)any around him. and on (he c(dours 
 of all (he rc!j;-iments that h;ij)peu to beat ."^t. Pet(>rsl)urg'. After 
 this bfMiediction, the Archbi.shop retires. Then the jtcople crow(I 
 towards the hole by which (his prelate has blessed the waters. 
 They drink of them with holy avidity. Notwithstanding- the cold, 
 the mothers plung'o their iid'ants, and the ohl men their heads, into 
 them. Kvervbodv makes it a duty to carry away some for the 
 purification of their houses, and curinp; certain distemi)ers, ag'ainst 
 which the g'ood Russians i)retend this holy water is a })tfwerful 
 s[)ecific." 
 
n 
 
 " TIm' Mdiiiiiiislnitioii of lin|>ti>;Mi l-y tlic (inck rimrrli. is truly 
 cnridiis, iiinl wurtliy ol" attciitiitu." " /•.'.ninisni is used dii the 
 ut'Ciisiuii. W'hoii llic chilli is l);i)>tis('(l. i!ic priot iininctliaicly 
 procoetls to aiinoint it with tlio Imh/ rknsin : U*v this, tlnnif^ii 
 rt'ckoiicil !i (li.stiiK't mystery, is in^cparaMo IVoiii liaptisin. I*i('\ii»ii> 
 to l»ai»lisiii, the cliiM Wiis aiiiit>iiit('i| with mH, which was likewise 
 mscmI ill the coiisccraliuii ol" the haptisiiial water; hut this ilirlsni 
 is \erv iliU'ereMt IVoin it, ami consists of \aiioiis nils, ami other 
 precious iimTcdients, which, in ilillei-ciit propurtions, arc all hoiled 
 to''-etiier. and art<'iwaids s(deniiilv cnusicrated hv a hishop. It 
 can he )irepared oiih/ I>y a hishitp, and niihi <iii Maunday Thursday, 
 that is. Thursilay in Tassion week. This auointinn', the (irecUs 
 call 'the seal m]' the irirt ol the lloiv <ihosi." whi(di wnrd.^ the 
 |)riest repeats, while he applies tiie chrism, tu* hnly nil, to the lore- 
 head, eyes, nostrils, nnuith, ears, lu'east, hands, and leet id' the 
 child. Inniiedi.'itely alter, ov some days alter, as oi-dei'ed. tiie 
 child is a,^-ain hrou.'Li'ht to the church, when the priest, alter pi'ayiiii;' 
 lor it , nn! ies its ^-ii'dle and linen idothes, and t;ikin,^" a new sponj^'e, 
 moistened with (dear water, he washes its face, l.icast. \v,, 
 
 sayilip,', — ' thoii hast jieen /xi/tlizrt/, rtilif/llh'in il, Hnninh'tl , .-til iic/i/icJ . 
 and iri/slh'// ill the name ol'the l-'atlu'i', and id" the Son, and of tiie 
 IloIy(jhost. now ;iml liirevei', even untn aj;"es (d' a^'cs, amen!''' 
 "There is now in th(> church of .<(. Nicdndas, at i'etci-shorouiih, ;i 
 picture oi'an oA/ ni'in, hoh/iii'/ a '//chr. and surrounded with an,^■els, 
 oil wlijeli (,'n.-/ f/'if /')i/lirr is inscrilied." 
 
 Smdi as (h'scrihed in the roi-eu,-oin,i;' extracts from those valid au- 
 thorities, has heon, and still is, tlie hetoi'odox and Corrupt tdiaraeter 
 of tliat Masferii Churidi, to which that Kpisile id" the I'an AiiLi-lican 
 Synod v,"as addressed, styling" it an nr/hoi/n.r I'mirdi, and calling;' its 
 ecclesiastical heails and ruh.n's, — '• heloved hi'ethrcii " nnd " hrelli- 
 ren in the Lord ;"' and to wliiidi (diurdi in iJiissia. 'o.as ilirceted to 
 he con\\'Ved, a J'csolution <d"lhe Svnod, cNpressini;' svnipathv with 
 it, in the joss it has susiaiu(Ml, hy tiie death of the nudropolitan ol 
 Moscow. l! wonld ho a most indecorous and iiumiliat inu,' imputa- 
 tion oi. the di^'iiilied and learned nuinhers id' that Synod, to sup- 
 pose that they were iii'uoraiit of the tenets and reliL:,ious cereinonics 
 and (d>serv;iiices of that (Jreek or Eastern (.'hiircli in IJussia. Sucdi 
 ignorance could, indeed, be the only excuse for the ap[iellation. 
 
10 
 
 orthodox and for those fraternal expressions in that Synodical 
 Epistle, and for the passing and transmission of that resolution of 
 sympathy. A letter in the like terms, might with equal consistency 
 and propriety have been addressed from that Synod, to similar 
 dignitaries in the Roman Ciiurch, — to many of the important doc- 
 trines and observances of which Church, the members who com- 
 posed that Synod, are, by their professed principles, so directly 
 opposed. It would also luave been scarcely more inconsistent, to 
 have passed a similar resolution, relating to the death of the head 
 of the Roman Church, or of one of its Cardinals, or other digni- 
 taries. It is not at all suprising, that the really orthodox and 
 faithful portion of both clergy and laity of the English establish- 
 ment, are so dissatisfied with those proceedings, and other Acts 
 of that Lambeth Synod. Its measures have aiVorded sufficient 
 grounds for very serious regret and alarm ; — rejjret that such a 
 dignified and influential body, should have given any countenance, 
 or signified and held any religious fellowship, with persons at the 
 head of a Church, — if it may be named, — holding such doctrinal 
 errors, and practising such anti-christian and superstitious observ- 
 ances ; and oi' alarm as to the consequences of those measures, in 
 reference to the scriptural and pure character of the faith and wor- 
 ship in that English branch of the Christian Church. A further 
 cause for that regret and alarm has arisen from the lollovving Reso- 
 lution of the lower House of Convocation of the Province of Can- 
 terbury at its sittings in July last : — " liesolved, — That this House 
 humbly prays His (J race the President, that he will be pleased in 
 conjunction with his brethren of the Episcopal Order to take steps 
 towards opening direct negotiations with the Eastern Patriarchs 
 and Metropolitans with a view to establish such relations between 
 the two communions as shall enable the clergy and laity of either 
 to join in the Sacraments and offices of the other without forfeiting 
 the communion of their own Church." 
 
 Of the Clergy who concuried in that resolution nothing need 
 here be specially remarked in the way of censure. As they must 
 be supposed to have known the doctrines and observances of that 
 Eastern Church, their misguided conduct speaks fur itself Do 
 those members of that House who passed that erroneous and 
 dangerous resolution really wish to have the unscriptural and false 
 
uam 
 
 11 
 
 doctrines and superstitious and absurd observances of that Ohurch 
 which have just been set forth, introduced into the English estab- 
 lishment and thereby make a great and grievous addition to the 
 evils and dissensions with which it is now so greatly distracted and 
 afflicted ? Such will inevitably be the consequences to some ex- 
 tent should that resolution be carried into effect. 
 
 Those proceedings of the Synod and those of Convocation rela- 
 tive to the Greek Church, seem quite irreconcilable with the 
 Scripture injunction, to "contend earnestly for the faith once deli- 
 vered to the saints;" to "have no fellowship with the unfruitful 
 works of darkness ;" and are also inconsistent with the inspired 
 command of the Apostle John — "If there come any unto you, and 
 bring not this doctrine, receive him not into your house, neither 
 bid him God speed, for he that biddeth him God speed, is partaker 
 of his evil deeds." It is related of this loving and beloved Apostle 
 that entering a bath, and seeing Cerinthus the heretic in it, he 
 hastily left, saying, "let us flee, lest the bath should fall, while 
 Cerinthus an enemy of the truth is within it." This relation is 
 given by Milner, who mentions the testimonies as to its verity. 
 What a contrast is also exhibited between those proceedings of 
 that Lambeth Synod, and in the Convocation towards that Anti 
 Christian Russian Church, and the conduct of the holv and zealous 
 Polycarp, who when Marcion the heretic called out to him, in pub- 
 lic, — " Own us Poiycarp," he answered, " I do own thee to be the 
 first-born of Satan." 
 
 An oecumenical council, composed of dignitaries of the Roman 
 Catholic Church, is shortly to be held at Rome ; at which, as stated 
 in a public religious journal, "the Bishops of the Greek Church 
 have been invited to attend, and to unite in discussions but not in 
 voting;" audit is mentioned, that great numbers of them, from 
 eastern countries named, will accordingly proceed to Rome. This 
 affords an additional proof of the extreme inconsistency and error 
 of that Lambeth Conference, and the House of convocation, desiring 
 and seeking, any intercommui»ion or fraternization between the 
 Greek Church, and that of the English establishment. The article 
 in the paper, giving the account, declares, that, "in Russia, 
 Erastianism, pure and simple, is the order of the day." 
 
 Agreeably to the intimation on a previous page, I will now 
 
•■n.o-.»n*'.->«w»W««i«W»««»WW«»»fl*-». 
 
 12 
 
 offer some remarks on the very excoptioii!i1)Io cliaracter of tlio De- 
 claration there alluded to, Avliich was framed and recomnietidod by 
 the Lambeth Conference, and has lately been adopted by a R(\'<olution 
 of the Synod of this Diocese — relating to admission into the Sacred 
 Ministry, and on other points ; and will mention some injurious 
 consequences, as certain to result from that Declaration. It is set 
 forth in the following- words : — " Declaration to be made, (in a<ldi- 
 tion to any declaration required by the rules of the province, or 
 diocese, as to doctrine and worship) by ])ersons to be adniitted to 
 holy orders, and by clergymen to be admitted to the cure of souls, 
 or to any other oflice of trust in the Church :— I, A. B. do declare, 
 that I consent to be bound bv all the rules and ren-ulations wliich 
 have heretofore l)een made, or which may from time to time be 
 made, by the Synod of the Diocese of and the Pro- 
 vincial Synod of , or either of them, [and in consider- 
 
 ation of being" ajipointed 
 
 I hereby undertake, immediately 
 
 to resign the said a])pointment, together with all the rig'hts and 
 emoluments appertaining thereto, if sentence reqinring such resig- 
 nation, should at any time bo passed upon me, after due exami- 
 nation had, by the tribunal appointed by the Synods of the afore- 
 said province and diocese, for the trial of a clerg'yman ; saving all 
 rights of appeal allowed by the said Synod.''] 
 
 (The part in brackets to be omitted, when there is no appoint- 
 ment to a cure of souls, or office of trust.) ^j 
 
 On this Declaration, I remark first, that it will not. bo in the 
 power of the Bishop, but probably he will consider it iinpo-aJivc 
 on him, to require ever}'' person presented, or applying to him for 
 ordination into the ministry, to make tliis Declaration ; and if he 
 declines to make it, the Bishop it is ahnost certain will refuse to 
 ordain him. Now, neither those Synods, nor any such Declaration, 
 ])reviously existed in the Established Church. They are both new 
 and unauthorized measures, as regards both Church and State legal 
 authorities ; and the Declaration, therefore, may well bo considered 
 as an arbitrary and unlawful addition to the established laws and 
 requisitions, relative to ordination, and admission into the ministry 
 of tiiat Church, and as regards the appointments referred to in that 
 Declaration. As to its consequences, let us consider first, how it 
 will operate as to ordination. Suppose an individual applying for 
 

 ^-•"•^4; 
 
 13 
 
 it, is a truly converted and spiritual person, of unblemislied repu- 
 tation, possessed of iair educational accpiirenients, and ol (|uite suf- 
 ficient knowledge of theological subjects ; and is so well acipiainted 
 with, and so iully assents to, all the articles, canons, rubrics, and 
 other laws and regulations of the Church, as to be fidly (pialified 
 for admission into the ministry; but he finds some of tin; existing 
 rules and decisions of the Synod, such as ho cannot assent to, with 
 i\ satisfied j'udgment and conscience. Or suppose he does assent to 
 all Synodical Acts (Ji<'n in force, but is so purely and properly cu/)- 
 ,scicnl ions', that he cannot, as the Declaration r(^..juires, consent to 
 observe and obey, "all the rules and regulations, which may from 
 time to time be made by the Synod of the diocese, and by the pro- 
 vincial Syn(»d." Now, unless he can and will, in the words of the 
 Declaration, avow that he consents to be bound by all the rules 
 and regulations of those Synods, fhen exiHtimj, and also all such as 
 they may llwreafter make, — which no truly conscientious person 
 could consent to do, — the 15isho[), it is nearly certain, will deny 
 him ordination. Let it be further supposed, that according to the 
 extreme ritualistic, novel and ><enmoHfi tendencies of the present 
 day, in public religious services, the Synod should establish rides, 
 or sanction, or the Bishop permit, that in such services, some or 
 all, of the following, observances and ceremonies, shall be used and 
 performed ; — lighted candles, in the communion place in the day- 
 time, — insence freely used in the various parts of the service, — 
 processions of clergy and attendants, through the aisles of the 
 Church, — crosses adorned with tlowcrs in certain situations in the 
 Church, — an altar table covered with a sumptuous and decorated 
 cloth of fabric and colour specially prescribed, — and that the cler- 
 gyman, or pricfil, as he is im[)ro})erly called, be re([uired to array 
 himself, for the performance of certain portions of the service, in 
 vestments of different kinds and colours, not until recently known 
 or used, in the Church : and that in the celebration of the Sacra- 
 ments he shall at a part of the ceremony, elevate the emblems, at 
 the same time bow repeatedly with his face directed towards a cer- 
 tain (juarter ; and further that the services shall, far more than at 
 present, be of a choral, semi-choral, or inloned description ; and that 
 m^iQ-AiX o{ preacliin(j tlie prayers, ix^ha^ been said, they shall be 
 niaile in a choral or inloned manner. Sui)pose, I say, that all or 
 
v-f.i-i r,-.' '.■ ,v ^.^Hf !■««*)»«». W»ii«tP«!ftfa»:«i 
 
 14 
 
 some of these and other auti-christian and superstitious novelties, 
 now observed in several churches in England, — and which, with 
 good reason, are offensive to all the Scripturally pious and devoted 
 members of the Church, — should by a Synod at any time hereafter 
 be ordered for observance, or be sanctioned or permitted by a 
 Bishop within this diocese ; such a conscientious or prudent person 
 as has been described, desiring ordination, could not obtain it, be- 
 cause he would not consent to bo bound to a compliance with such 
 nov j1 and improper acts and superstitious observances. 
 
 The phrase just mentioned, " preaching the prayers," I have 
 seen, for the first time, in the Church Chronicle for July last ; and 
 it is there used in contradistinction to a choral, or intoning manner 
 of uttering the prayers ; and a preference seems to be there given 
 to this latter mode of performance. To all ordinary and uninitiated 
 persons, it will be ver> difficult to ascertain or understand, what 
 is meant by this obscure and lately invented phrase, " preaching 
 the prayers." We all know the meaning of the ordinary terms, — 
 reading the prayers, — saying prayers, — offering up prayers ; but 
 the " preaching " them, is quite a novel and enigmatical appella- 
 tion. We read in Scripture, of " presenting prayer,'^ "making 
 prayer and supplication," with other similar expressions ; but 
 aowhere, in those inspired oracles, do we find a word or hint, 
 about either preaching, or singing, or intoning the prayers. Our 
 blessed I^ord has given us this instruction, "when ye pray, — say 
 ye " &c., and of his petitions in the garden, it is said, " He prayed, 
 saying the same words." lie sang a hymn with his disciples, be- 
 fore going to the mount of agony, but his prayers there, were in 
 ordinary speech. The choral or singing method of prayer, if indeed 
 it can properly be called prayer, is not only disagreeably novel, 
 but unscriptural, and may well be considered, to fall within the 
 scripture prohibition against praying and speaking in public wor- 
 ship, in an "unknown tongue." It is quite possible that a Synod 
 may make some additions to the choral manner of offering the pub- 
 lic prayers, to which, as to some or all of the other innovations 
 mentioned, a candidate for the Ministry could not conscientiously 
 agree ; and consequently, according to the terms of the previously 
 required Declaration, he would be refused ordination. 
 
 That Declaration forms a grievance, and an infringement on re- 
 
15 
 
 ligious freedom, which affects not merely the members of the 
 Episcopiil Church, but all other religious bodies. Members of 
 these, will have sons qualified for the Sacred Ministry, as before 
 described, and who would rather enter it in that Church, than in 
 any other denomination. There arc now, in this Province, several 
 instances of Clergymen of that Church, whose parents belong to 
 other religious bodies. 
 
 Were the respectable lay gentlemen, members of the Synod, who 
 moved and seconded the adoption of that Declaration, aware of the 
 great probability, or rather certainty, that such instances and re- 
 sults as have been described, relating to ordination, would oc- 
 casionally, or even frequently occur ? I am well convinced they 
 had no such apprehensions, or thoughts, or they would not have 
 proposed or agreed to the measure. It is said, that a son of one 
 of those i^cntlcmen, is now preparing for the ministry in the Epis- 
 copal Church. It is rather surprising, that a majority of either the 
 Clerical or lay members of the Synod, especially the latter, could 
 and did assent to a measure of such an exclusive and obligatory 
 description. It will inevitably have one injurious effect to the 
 Episcopal Church, that of inducing all such conscientious and ju- 
 dicious persons as have been described, to prefer, and seek ad- 
 mission, into the ministry of some of the dissenting Churches. 
 
 In addition to the fact, that all Councils, Synods, and other 
 Assemblies of ruling powers, in Churches, have been either alto- 
 gether, or in the great majority of their members, composed of 
 persons of the clerical order, there is another reason or cause, 
 which as in every other religious system, has ever given that Or- 
 der, undue and absolute power and influence, in every thing relating 
 to doctrine, worship, and discipline, in the christian religion. That 
 cause has been, the very general and culpable neglect of the laity, 
 to search for themselves, into the sacred oracles, to become truly 
 and accurately informed on those important subjects, and indeed 
 on all others, relating to their christian belief and conduct. They 
 have ever been so ardently engaged in the pursuits of worldly 
 wealth, rank, power and pleasure, — in seeking the gratification of 
 " the lusts of the flesh, the lusts of the eyes and the pride of life," — 
 in some, or many, of the various forms of sensual indulgence, that 
 even in the most christian countries, they have greatly neglected. 
 
a»«»!H*i?-5«K^ 
 
 in 
 
 to scarcli, as diviiioly enjoined, into those inspired nM;r)r(ls. — the 
 only sure dei)ositoncs of religious knowledge and truth, ami infal- 
 lible guides to duty, and for obtaining present and everlasting 
 ha|)pinoss. With those sacred oracles now so abounding, and 
 cheaply obtained, yet the vast majority who profess Christianity, 
 still neglect, diligenth^ to examine and study them, to ascertain the 
 sure foundations for their faith and practice ; and to 1)0 estalilished 
 in their minds and hearts concerning them ; and to b(^ able to give 
 scriptural reasons and authority for the doctrines, and other essen- 
 tials oi the religion they profess. They seem content to t;tke their 
 religion, i^nch an it is, at second ]io,nd, from hearing sermons, and 
 occasional exhortations, — in most instances very soon forgotten, — 
 attending other external means and observances, and thus remain- 
 ing with merely "the form of godliness," but neither knowing nor 
 possessing the "power thereof," which alone constitut(>s real con- 
 veri<ion, and frue rdigion. Take any number of the pr(d'essed mem- 
 bers and adherents of most^ if not all, of the different Cliurclies, and 
 let them be questioned to give Scripture passages and testimonies, 
 for their belief of the several doctrines of christianilv which they 
 profess to hold ; and 1 feel persuaded, the grc.^t majority of them 
 would be unable to cite such authorities, or be readily, if at all, 
 able to find them in the sacred book. And yet, they, aiul all others 
 are there told, to look " to the law and to the testimony;" — to 
 "search the Scriptures ;" and are further commanded, — "receive 
 with meekness the engrafted word, which is able to save your 
 souls;" — "let the word of Christ dwell in yon richly;" with man^'- 
 similar injunctions to all, to searcii and learn from those records of 
 infallible truth. Our blessed Lord has said, — " he that receiveth 
 not my words, hath one that judgeth him, the word that 1 have 
 spoken, the same shall judge him in the last day.'' There is not a 
 word in Scripture, to show, or intimate, that any of those who 
 possess the Scriptures, or can have access to them, will be judged, 
 and acquitted, or condemned, merely from the words and teachings 
 of others. The careless and neglectful persons, who have just 
 l)een described, are altogether different from each of the pious 
 laity of old, who said, — " Thy word is a lamp unto my feet, and a 
 light unto my path ;" — "I will nu?ditate in thy precepts, and have 
 respect unto thy ways ;" — " Thy word have 1 hid in my heart, that 
 
n 
 
 I might not sin a^uinwt thoe," Thoy «^r*> unlike the thoughtful and 
 prudont Boroans, who " s(;urch«'(i the Scripturos daily, whether 
 thoHO thin^^H were so, then IcMe many oC tlu»in heli(?v('(l." Tliat 
 culpalik^ and danfferous nej^li'ct ol the laity, through all the ag«'s of 
 our Christian dispensaliun, and down (i> tht; present day, — tos(,'arch 
 and l(;arn, — through thrir (twn }»ray<i|id ('arnestness ami diligenc.'e, 
 — the truths of the ('hristianil y they pndV'sseil, — -ha?; been, and still 
 is. (»ne of the ehiel t'aiis«'s ol'thr xarions hcr<'sics. nnseriptural doc- 
 trines, and false and snpcrslilioiis ecrfniMnics iind observanees, 
 which have from tinit.' (n tinir Ihnu intnidnced into the (-hurcln.'s 
 by the clerical cu'ders. and \vhi«h have so grea'ly dt'faci^l and so 
 deeply injured CMiristiaidty, and Inndercd its more extensive ditlu- 
 sion and influence. That same ,t;>Micia1 nejrlect fjf the iScriptures. 
 by the laity, has prepared the way. and led to atj .issent and sanc- 
 tion, to tin.' diabolical and cruel persecutions which, under the 
 name and cloak of ij zeal for religions truth, so dreadfully sc()uig<?d 
 arul afllicted the faithful servants of tiod. throiigli so many ages, 
 and brought down siu'h retributive judgments and jiunishments on 
 those guilty nations, in which such heresies and I'alsities prevailed, 
 ami those atrocious <iuelties wtre perpetrated. Whatever may be 
 urged by way ofexcns*^ fm- the laity, lor that can;l(!ssness ;iinl neg- 
 lect, in iormer ages, when there was so miu'h ililVniilty in (d)taiiMng 
 the Scriptures, no excuse can be reasonably oflV;red Ibr such neglect, 
 for now a long period, in nmdern ages, during vvhi<.h the Sacred 
 Scriptun's havt; been so readily and cln'af)ly attiiinable, by all who 
 had anv desire to <d)tain them. 
 
 That Declaration set forth in a previcuis page, and adopted by 
 the Synod of this diocese, is not only ('xtr<'m(dy objectionable and 
 <Uingerou8, as regards ordin;iti(ni iiiti> lln- ministry, but it is e(|ually 
 restrictive and binding and even more (d>jectionable and injurious, 
 in relation to those within the < h"ri( id order. It requirt-s eNcry one 
 of these, on being "' admitted to the cure of souls, or to any other 
 ofllce of trust in the clinrch," to declar<', that he conscnds to be 
 bound, by all tht; rules and regulations previ»ui!>ly ma'le, "or which 
 may from time to time be made," by the Synorl mentioned in the 
 Declaration; and "hnme<liately to resign his appointment, with all 
 the rights and emoluments appertaining thereto, if sentence nupiir- 
 ing such resignation, should at any time be pa^Hed upon him, after 
 
 W)W»tWW»« 'WiMfWt ii 
 
,;«'V-Mif*t:«». 
 
 due examination had, by the tribiinal appointed bj the Naid Synods, 
 for th<? trial of Clergymen ; saving all right of appeal allowed by 
 the said Synod." According to this part of the Declaration, erery 
 clergyman of a parish, or who huMs an office of trust in the Church, 
 who cannot vonacientioualy, and does not, comply with any rule or 
 regulation, prescribed by a Synod, directing the observance of 
 some or all of the novel and objectionable services, ceremonies, and 
 practices, herein before described, or of any oth<?r description pro- 
 scribed by the Synod, he must resign whatever appointment he 
 received and holds under that Declaration. It is a most arbitrary 
 measure, and is not authorized or sanctioned by any laws ecclesi- 
 astical or secular, and is contrary to religious freedom, both in the 
 United Kingdom and these Ameiican Provinces. It is oppressive 
 in its character and tendency, and if legally sanctioned, or allowed 
 to remain as a rule of the J*yiiod, will, in its operation, inevitably 
 produce most unjust and otherwise injurious eoneecpiences, not only 
 as regards the persons to whom it literally applies, but in relation 
 to the purity and other interests of religion generally, within this 
 Province, and othtjr parts of the Diocese. If at any time, its 
 bishop should be favourable to any or all of those novel ritualistic 
 forms and practices, and permits them to be introduced and ob- 
 served in the Churches ; or if they are prescribed or sanctioned by 
 any resolution or act of a Synod, it will, under that Declaration, be 
 in the power of the bishop, to refuse ordination to those who are 
 opposed to those novel and objectionable observances, and to or- 
 dain only those wht) approve of them. Thus, all additions to the 
 ministry, would be only i'rom the latter and exceptionable descrip- 
 tion, and in time, such might become the character of the whole of 
 the clergy of the diocese. 
 
 By further proceedings of that Lambeth Conference, and adopted 
 at the late meeting of the Synod of this diocese, clergymen are 
 made liable to further restrictions and injuries. The following is 
 a part of those proceedings here alluded to : " That every Clergy- 
 man removing from one Colonial or Missionary diocese, or district, 
 into another, ought to carry with him letters testimonial, from the 
 Colonial or Missionary bishop, whose diocese or district he is leav- 
 ing." The form of the letter of recommendation, framed by that 
 Conference, and adopted by the Synod here, is as follows: — "To 
 
Itf 
 
 the Rif^t Rovorond the Bishop, and Reverend the Clergy, and to 
 the faithful in Christ, of the Diocese of A. We, B., by Divine por- 
 misKion, Bishop of C, send greeting in the Lord. Wo recommend 
 to your brotherly kindness, by these our letters, I). E., Priest [or 
 Deacon] of our own diocese, beseeching you to receive him in the 
 Lord, as a brother sound in the faith, of a well ordered and religi- 
 ous life, and worthy of all Ohrintian fellowship, and to render him 
 any asKlstatice of which he may stand in need ; and so we bid you 
 i'arowull in Christ our Lord. Witness our hand. A., Bishop. 
 
 B., Sec'y." 
 
 Now, if a clerg^ytnan, disapproving of these novel ceremonies 
 and ob8crvanc(?fl, and refusing to comply with them, voluntarily 
 resigned the appointment he held, according to his promise in that 
 Declaration ; or if he should be compelled to resign it, by the sen- 
 tence of the tribunal mentioned therein, and should wish to remove 
 to another diocese, or district, and obtain a cure of souls, or an ap- 
 pointment of trust tliete, he would not obtain either without that 
 letter of recommendation. This the bishop would, of course, refuse 
 to grant. b(?cause of that non-compliance with those ceremonies 
 and observanccK established by the Synt>d and sam^tioned by the 
 bishop; for it must be borne in mind, that they could not have 
 been established without his assent, us his veto, as in f»ther ca«es, 
 could and would have prevented it. Here, then, would be another 
 and still greater injury, probably even utter ruin to the poor perse- 
 cuted clergyman, in regard to his temporal interests. 
 
 It is but just and proper to inentioTi, that in all the Church as- 
 semblies herein treated of, there wt»re 8ome wise and faithful men, 
 who conten<led against the enoneous proceedings of the other and 
 misguided members, but uidiappily, the latter, for the tinie, formed 
 the majorities. 
 
 The proceedings of the Lambeth Conference liuve been reviewed 
 and s«;rutinized in a very keen and able uiitnner, by an English 
 writer, in a course of letters, under the signature of " an ex M. P." 
 addressed to the Archbishop of (yariterl)!iry. the President of 
 the Conference. In his first letter, referring to those proceedings 
 in relation to the Colonies, he says ; — " 1 apprehend that our Colo^ 
 nies carry with them, and in no small measure, the traditions and 
 feelings which they have imbibed at home; — the dislike of arbitrary 
 
.,i.r--j<iPit*.-i. .:»«,,, 
 
 10 
 
 poviror, the lot« of Enj^Ilfih fr*»odom, the rovercncft for thf? Ihwb 
 pasBod by Parliament, and administered by Secular Judp^os, the 
 dread of arbitrary power, in any 8hap(!. and not the least, when 
 lawH emanate from Priests, and ar<' administered by Priests Does 
 your Gra('(» beli(;ve, that tliis scheme will be accepted by our Colo- 
 nies, as a remedy for their ditli('ulti(rs ; or ('(mimend itself to tin- 
 peo{)le of Ki.j^land, as an (expedient whieh they can approve ?" 
 
 The same writ<T. in his second letttT, in retnarking in ^('neral 
 terms on the pro('(?(!ditigs of the OonfenMice, as regards g-ovf'rnment 
 and discipline, has written as follows : — "This is the scheme of 
 government, proposed by Committees of Bisln^ps, for the (Joloiiiul 
 OInircli ; and the scheme is framed, so as to iiu^lose in its iiori ruit. 
 all who call themselv(vs members of the Ciinrcli of England. The 
 Layman must not act a;H Churchwarden, or sit in the Synod, tudess 
 he has decdared his submission to this schcm<\ The Covernment 
 Chaplain must not act. till he has a license from the Bishop; the 
 Missionary must not hcgin his mission, until he has submitted to 
 this absolute authority, (p. Hi>.) Nor can any Clergyman, hope to 
 escape this, by flight : lie may leave the Cohuiy, but the grasp of 
 the Hishop follows him. Mo must seek a passport from his Uishop, 
 (p. .*i.*i ;) an<l without su(d» passport, no Hishop in any diocese, 
 throughout the wi(h* world, can venture to receive him." 
 
 " We have murmured at our ('ourts Martial, as too much 
 
 unrestrained by law : but tliesf l^j»i?^eopal (,'ourts are far m<M'e free 
 in theii- action, and more fidl in their i)o\vi'rs. Nor is the scheme 
 without pnHJedeiiis. It is borrnwed Ironi one of the wisest and 
 most (Effective governmenls, that of the (■inircjli ol' Rome. Framed 
 by the subtlest intellerts. perfected by Io!ig experience, it secures 
 what is sought, .arbitrary and incsjionsilije power. Vour Grace 
 may study it in full op(>rati(>n, now, in Italy. Ivi'land and Fraii(?e.'' 
 
 The writer closed his last lettei'. with th<? ibilowing startling 
 words: ••If the sch<!me of the Linnbeth Cimference ever passes 
 from a [)rttject into a fact, it will present a plan of sacerdotal go- 
 verunuMit and jndi<'ature, with which the Roman States are fami- 
 liar, but which is unknown in England." 
 
 It may be tried oTk in English colonies; 1 am sure it will not he 
 ^ong emiured. If attempted in England, it will overthrow the 
 Queen's snprenuicy, and the constitution of our courts ; but it will 
 
Tl 
 
 21 
 
 do somothino' m..r('. f..r il will npsct (lie rimrcli ..f Rno-l;,,,,). And 
 those wlm vi.lMc tlic cliinvl,. ;,s tl„. imosI iinportai.t, I I,„,,o the 
 most lastino- nf mir iiistihiti.uis, will imitr in cppesiiijr a schcriip 
 80 contrary I., !l„. laws ami lihcrtios ..I \Uv ivahn. an.l t., tliesafoty 
 both of (!liiircli aihl Slat.'. 
 
 Hy fuitlicr prncccdino-s i,, d,,. ]..,(,. nK-.-tidi;- nf fl„. Synod of thi« 
 di<)«-<'so, it apiM-ars, that it is inlnnh.! l,. n.ak.. applicatinn tu tho 
 Donnni..Ml>arliani.M,(, In,- sn,,;.- I..,^-al .M.artnuM.t . anthori/in-thP 
 admissi.n. urtl... tw,. .IJor.M.s of X..v, S,-oii,, and rrodoiirt-urinto 
 tho f>r("s,.nt uninn Mm,,. .|i,.,-,.s..s .,1 tl... (":,„adiai. Pn.vinccs, so a« 
 tlMM-eby t.. ton.. ..,„■ s..pivn..- Syi,o,i. (i..- li.r wl.ol. ..f f j,,. IVnvi.i(v« 
 Should tins dosi^Mi h,. rlYrru.l. it wiilsiiH f.i rl l.rr. a i.d ..avatly 
 • Mcroaso Episcopal p..w,.r. and linal aiiil.n.iiv: a.id still ..on- erl- 
 dan^cr the purity nf faith and worship, and ih- .id.ls a,.d IVocd.,ni 
 of iH.th cku-y and laity. It will ...lar.^v and .-..nsolidat." the 
 sphoro of ilu. Kpisr.,pal srhotnc I..- ,u-ov.n,n...nt . whirl, ihv writer 
 whoso roM.arks hav. ju>i l.^n ,p,ut,.d, has not unaptly stvh-d au 
 ^.ron.H.t." Sho,ddthol,<.|;,,,n.<.ntiono,Iapplh-atinn Lo'tnado to 
 Parhamc.t, for lurthor powers orauthoritv to anv Svt.od. dio.vsan 
 or I rovtncal, it n.ay he h.,pod and -..xperled, that' Ihe friends of 
 
 rol.^.ous truth and tiv.,],HM. in !h,. I'a.lian.ent. wilhdoselv .va.nine 
 mt(. the whole suhfeot : and - ,pp.se any In rt her enla.-,vu;<.n t of t he 
 «phere and powers of Synods, or ..f KjMseopal authoriiv ; and resist 
 every attempt wl.id. ,..ay I,e u.ade. to en'o,., u.easure.; havin<>- any 
 endenc^ to e,.dan.er Scriptural truth a,.d purity, or er.cnuJ^h on 
 true relig-ious liherty. 
 
 I