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Loraque le document eat trop grand pour Atra reproduit en un aeul cllchA, il eat film* k partir da I'angle aupArleur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en bee, en prenant le nombre d'Imagea nAcaaaaira. Lea diagrammea auivanta illuatrant la mAthode. 1 2 3 32X 1 2 3 4 5 6 r /^, WAIFS IN VERSE, &C. I9AY WAIFS IN VERSE, &C. BY G. W. WICKSTEED Q. C. for fifty years Law Clerk of the House of Commons ok Canada. -»-*'»*VlB/»*^ OTTAWA: A. BUREAU & FRfeRES, PRINTERS 1891. HIAY ? fO«}o 219503 TO THE MEMORY OF MY WIFE MY CHILDREN AND MY FRIENDS THIS VOLUME IS AFFECTIONATELY DEDICATED. •r Ce fin rtcucti de poesies u4lacMc«, oil renthouiivime du patriote se mile ik la v«rve c.-iu^itique du chansonnier, la iiute Itigurcment sentimentale avec la petite poiiite du satiriste de bonne huiiieur. C'est Ih un 'petit volume fort int^ressant sous •bien des- rajiports, at pour luquel noU« ufiTrons-nos plus. Mncires remcrciements Jk I'auteur — Dr. L. FRicHtxTE, La ratrU, IK July, i3S4. "WAirs lit Vkbsk," a brilliant amusing and instructive tittle volume. Mr. Wicksteed's great age, (over 80) does not prevent him from still indulging in the writing of excellent verse, and occasioha! irarislations of great merit . Serani;s. Canadian Itirtlutay Book, Toronto, 1887. I J AN APOLOGY FOR MY WAIFS IN VERSE. Gkntlk Kiaobr and Friind, Except only in the matter of dollara^ any intention of making which by the Hale of my Waifs I utterly renounce, the Preface 1 wrote for my good friend Mrs. Grant's " Stray Leaves " so nearly states the inducements which led me to print this little volume, and the spirit in which I wish you to road it, that on the points which that prefaces touches I need scarcely say more;— and I have, therefore, (contrary to my general rule.) placed it first in my table of contents. But the reasons therein given for bespeaking your favorable criticism, rolMe only to the quality of the articles, and I must therefore say something about their matter and spirit. Tbey are indeed Waifs, born of the occasion and with no object beyond it ; and so little care had I taken of them, that many were lost altoge- ther, and but for the kindness of some of my friends who had kept copies of them, and more especially of my brother and my excellent friend, the late Honorable Judge Black of Quebec, I should have been unable to collect enough to make this modwt little book ; and as Waifs, written each for its own special occasion, and generally at the instances of some friend whose views and feeling it was to express, I wish them to be judged. Many of those which may seem most trivial to the general reader, will be most acceptable to some of my dearest friends, from the pleasant memories they will awaken. For the rest, I must not hope entirely to escape the application of Mrs. Grant's confession : I may have a modest wish for honorable mention in VIM An Apofnifi/J'ot' nil/ Wnifa. tho Cimadiiin List of Authors, as havinof written Homothing be- hIcIos 8latiitos and Tables ofSlatnles; — In Mor(;an's usi-ful hook iny plnce is small ;' In stati'ly Taylor's work I've none at nil. — I may have a Hocrot aspiration for u higher place in the former and Home little obscure niche in the latter: — " Vanity perhaps f.Bsisting." r have arranged the pieces almost always in the order of their birth, and tho earlier ones arc therefore the most sentiment il. 1 was young then and am old now; but hope you will think tho linos on old Christ Chui'ch, and tho touching In Memoriam to the Timm^ show that in my old age tho quality is . not quite extinct in me. "■ But, you may ask, why should I, a rather ancienl Q. 0. and Law Clerk of tho House of Commons, write and print verses. My good friend, what I have done officially is the very reason and justification for what I am doing now. An Knglish author apologizing for his hero, an apothecarj', who attaches a short poem to tho neck of his physic vial, exclaims, — " Ajiothtcary's verso !- -and where's the treason ? "" "If patients swallow physic without reason," , " It is Init fair to .idd a little rhyme ; "' — and asks indignantly — * ' *<■' • " Can n't men have taste who cure a phthisic." -, " Of poetry tho' patron Ciod, " Apollo patronizes physic." * Now I have helped to make the public to swallow some thousands of pages of heavyish reading prescribed by legislative doctors, in the shape of laws, and I am, therefore, not merely entitled, but bound in fairness, to give them a /iV^/e rhyme ? Lawyers and Legislators have been poets. A grave Lord Chan- cellor of England in advising students at law as to the distribu- tion of their time, after bidding them give six hours to the * See Notes. An Apnloijy for my Wa\ffi. study of ^' equal lawn," and cortain othor hourn to other tbingH, tells them to give the rest to the MuseH, — '• Quod aiij)«rest ultra Sacria largire Camixnis." Tolfourd was a 8ei'|jfont-at-low when ho wrote " Ion," on the beauties of which our leading litleroteur Ih 80 fond of diwcoursing. The late Mr. Joseph Howe and Mr. D'Arcy McClee, both publisiied some very capital poetry. I do not know that any of our present leading politicians have dis* tinguished themselves in verse, but they must have the main element of poesy in them, when their very opponents acknow- ledge their speeches to be " full of invention," and of "- imagi- nation all compact." On this point, therefore, I am justified by precedent and authority as ample as a lawyer could wi>h for. But you may perhaps object, that I have occasionally been a little harder on public men and their doings than betitA my po.sition: — that I by no means inculcate teetotulism as becomes the author of a Temperance Bill ; — and that I am sometimes slightly critical on my French Canadian fellow subjects. But be pleosod, my dear friend, to remember that I almost always wrote in a representative character, and had to express the feelings and views of my constituents, my nonpaying clients, rather than my own. The Quebec Gazette, under the late John Neilson, and his successor, had its own notions about things in general, and the Coalition in particular, very different from those of the Transcript, a literary papci' edited by Mrs. Grant: — while the Pilot differed from both ; — and when I said, in the New Year's Address of the latter, that, Mr. Hincks,— *' Would the Taxes imix)se in so charming a way, " 'Twould be bliss to receive them and pleasure to pay ;" my Muse w&s in charge of her Pilot, and steered my verses as he directed, and. if Mr. H. did not quite fulfil her vaticination it was not my fault,— nor perhaps his ; he tried his best, as Mr. Cartwright is doinjr now; and even he may possibly come short, find the complete accomplishment of the prophecy may beleft fo^ An Apology /or my Waifa. \\\e Finance Minister of the Millenium. Then as to Tempe- 1 vnce ; — I am myself fond of cold water, — but I was not to sing my own songs. Lord Byron complains of being expected to make Lucifer talk like a Clergyman ; and tio one who knew my friend Archibald Campbell, Esq., Her Majesty's Notary Public, of Quebec, would have thought it natural to make him sing like Father Matthew or 'a Bouge from St. Eoch's. When 1 wrote for my worthy brother or Major Lindsay nothing could be more innocent and harmless than my'lines. • • As to my Gallic fellow citizens, I loved th6m dearly, as Mr, Neilson did, until they broke out into rebellion, and I love them again (as he would do if alive) now that they are quiet and loyal. They should not have rebelled ; but after all they only contended for what we would all now fight to retain. Messrs. Papineau, Vigor, Vallieres, Lafontaino and Cartior were my tried and honored friends. Of all the Speakers under whom I have served, no one was kinder or more courteous than Mr. Papineau; of all the Ministers I have worked with and for none more so than Sir George Ctrtier. I have always loved the eloquent language of France and been conversant with it I was Translator before I was Law Clerk ; and perhaps the most acceptable compliment I ever received was from Mr. Vallieres, when in returning me with thanks a translation I had made for him, he said " jEquavit ne-dum superavit exemplum." I was young then and had a name to make and never forgot the kindness. ' ' *■ The New Year's Addresses are only lively versified memo- randa of some of the more marked events of the expiring year, viewed in the spirit of the Journals they were written for, but they will, I hope, awaken many not unpleasant recollections of old times in many of mj' readers. The Ephemeral Government Bill, and the Coup d'Htat, are but short chapters in rhyme of ^be history my heroes made; and the Wbite-Wash Bill is a An Apology /or my Wai/a. versified " Tract for the Times." The "Little Gun" is the only article into which any thing like personal feeling entered. With the help of Messrs. Hincks and Dunkin, I amended the Attorney (reneral's Seigniorial Bill, and abolished that oppro- brium of the seigniorial tenure, the W« et ventea. or mutation fines. We did not think we got our full share of credit for this work. Hence our little squib. But we are all good friends now, and have been for the four and twenty years since past. L. T. D. and Mr. Dunkin were made judges, Mr. Ilincks became Sir Francis and a Governor, and I got my Q. C, not undeservedly, I trust, for, apart from this great service to Lower Canada, few men have given H. M.'h advisers more accepted advice that I have done. 1 was told that on thia occasion I came near upsetting the good ship Coalition, but the Attorney General kindly gave way and relieved the strain, and shemvam upright again. With this exception I never had a misunderstanding with Minister or Member; yet before this year is out I shall have been tifty years in my present office of Law Clerk i^nd Trans- lator, and forty of these as Chief; nor has an}' one ever said that I gave undue preference to any party or person, though it has depended on me that many thouaanda of bills should be examined, printed, corrected, noted, translated and put through all their stages, each in its lawful order and turn; and a very considerable portion of them had to be drafted or amended. I made many a Bill for the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada, and translated the famous 92 BeBolutions; — was Chief Assistant to Mr. Attorney General Ogden in the time of the Special Council, and helped to make ( tnong others) the first Begistration Bill and Municipal Bill for L. C, and the first Board of Works Bill. For the Legislature of the United Canadas, I drafted, under Mr. Draper's instructions, the first Municipal Bill for U. C, the first Post office Bill under Mr. |jafontaine's and the Ifrst Currency Bill undei Mr. Hincks, MI An Apology for my Waifs, ji'id a great many others under divers Ministers and Ministries i om 1841 to 1867; and for the Parliament of Canada I have, u:ider divers Ministries also drafted, consolidated, revised, amended, or had some not. unimportant part, in almost every Public Bill which has originated in the House of Commons, and have worked with and for almost every Minister and every Member of note. I am proud to say that the best and ablest on either side have ever treated me with the most consideration and confidence. I am by nature and habit non-partizan and inclined to look at both sides of every question, and this was well, for no party man coald perform the duties of my office with pleasure to himself or satisfaction to the House. Party spirit has run high, tmd Members have said hard things and accused one another of all sorts of abominations, in the heat of party strife; — but this I can say, — no one of any party has ever asked me to draft or help to draft, bill, clause, amendment or resolution which I do not think he honestly believed to be for the good of Canada independent of party; — and I feel sure that the foremost men on either side, whom I am proud to call my friends, might, and would in their calmer moments, fairly say, with Coriolanus, to those of their opponents worthy of their steel, — :iii " I've done as yoit have done, — that's what I could, — " Induced as you have been, — that's for uiy country." I have ventured to finish with a National Anthem for Canada. There are plenty of poems and songs about "Canada First," and woods and lakes and mountains, and maple loaves and beavers, many of which are very pretty in themselves, but. want concentration, and are not singable to any tune that any body knows. I have tried to avoid these objections ; and trust there is little of the expletive or diffusive in my wording, while my theme is widely patriotic, and ray tune known and sung or piayed wherever tho British flag flies. There can be 1^9 An Apology for my Waifs. XIII National A'Mhem but "God save the Queen " for Her Majesty's Dominion of Canada. G. W. W. Ottawa, 23rd April, 1878. Note. — In the present Beprint of my Waifs in Verse; I leave the old Title and Title page, becauRe all it contains was wiitteii while I still held the office of Law-Clerk of the House of Commons of Canada, which I resigned at the end of January, 18S7, when I nad held it, and a like office under the Legislatures of Lower Canada and the Province of Canada, for 58 years, and was rather over 87 years of age:— I retain my "Apology" as equ'illy applicable to the contents of this and to those of the former little book. I have added several " Wai/s" written since it was printed, and some explanatory notes. With respect to the longest of ihe new pieces, (my translation of Dr. L. Frechette's '•'^ Fors Vhonnetir^'). I may say, that ha- ving been at iho same time Law Clerk and Chief of the Translation Department, [ thought it well, "Vanity perhaps again assisting," to insert a sample of mj'' quality in the latter capacity', in which I had for so many years, had the French Version of every Act passed by the House, read over to me by the French Translator with the English before me; and I believe, wo left but few mistakes if any. The prose additions in the Appendix belong rather to my quality of Law Clerk. I have always refrained from meddling with personal or parly politics, but in questions of pure law or public policy I have taken deep interest, and have now and then ventured an article in a Law Journal or Newspaper. I insert two on subjects which drew considerable attention at the time and which are still of great interest. To that on " Time" I have added an explanatory note. That on " Socialism " scarcely needs one, in view of the recent outburst of Anarchism preach- ing the enforcement of the wildest doctrines of Socialism, by An Apology of my Waifs. murder, robbery and the violation of every right held sacred by honest men ; the only avowed end being the destruction of life and property by the moat cowardly and inhuman means To whatever criticism my little book may be open, it can hardly be said to want variety, or harp always on one string or deal only with one class of subjects or mood of thought. — " / Mum fere scribendi genus nan tetigit ". — The ablest critics are always the kindest ; will any very gentle reader add, " Nullum quod tetigit nan ornavit," — and oblige— His or hers very truly, Ottawa, 18 November, 1887. G. W. W. \l Note. — In the present reprint I have added to those mentioned in the preceding Apology and Note, some articles subsequently written, and to which I have prefixed, (p. 185) a short notice of their raison d'itre. They will show that since my superannuation I have not ceased to take a deep interest in the public affairs of Canada. I have printed nothing for sale, but every article in the book appeared first in some journal of wide circulation, and my W. is reason- ably well known. On some important questions I have tried to say something which, if not new or profound, might at least be intelligible, brief and clear, and tend to peace and good understanding among Canadians of every race or creed ; and I venture to think that my translations from our French Canadian Laureate Frechette, side by side with the originals, and my notice of Dr. Kingsford's His- tory of Canada, will not give an unfavorable impression of Canadian literature and feeling. ' ' G. W. W. Ottawa, ist December, 1891. I? CONTENTS. Preface to " Mis. Grant's Stray Leaves" Song, " As slowly glides from Shore the Bark ' Sicilian Mariner's Hymn. ... .... Hymn at sea ... .... ... ... Song " Partant pour la .Syrie " ... To my Friends in England ... .... Song, " Rousseau's Dream " . .... To my Sister, with Thomson's Seasons Hymn, " Adeste fideles " Hymn. "German Hymn" ... Samson's Prayer ... .... .... Advent Hymn . . .... ... 104th Psalm Epitaph, on a young Lady .... .... Horace ; Ode XV, Lib. i. " Pastor quum iraheret " " Ode XXX, Lib. i. " Persicos odi, puer, apparatus" Martial VH, 89, "I, felix rosa " Epitaph, on a favorite Cat .... .... .... Epitaph on a favorite Dog .... .... .... .... Song, " Donne I'Amore " ... .... ... ... New Year's Address ; — Star, Quebec, 1830 ... L' Amore Dominatore .... .... .... .... ... Beautiful Things ... .... .... .... ... Sonnet to a God-daughter .... .... .... .... Song, " The Constitution " Song, " Phrenology "... .... .... Song. "St. George" Song, " St. Andrew's night " . . . . .... .... .... Song, " Men of Scotia's blood and land " .... .... The Bombardier's Recruiting Song .... .... .... The Quebec Debating Club, Song .... .... .... Song for Sir Isaac Newton's Birthday .... .... Epigram — Plains of Abraham The Ladies' Address to Lord Gosford — Nobody gives us a ball The Fancy Ball, Lord DuflFerin's .... .... .... The Devil's Extra, a Real Fancy Ball, of the Rebellion .... Lord Gosford's answer to the Ladies' Address I i 4 5 6 7 10 II II 12 »3 13 14 IS 16 18 18 19 20 21 22 25 30 31 32 33 35 37 38 39 4« 44 45 46 48 5° 52 XVI Contents. Song of the Volunteer Officers With Artillery accompaniment .•. . . The Ladies' Address to the " Inconstants " The " Insconstants " Answer Sonnet lo my Wife with "The British Poets" Canadian I'ic-Nic St)ng, "Vole, men coeur, vole' An Album's Petition . . .... .... To my Sister .... .... .... New ^' ear's address, Qiiehec Transcript, 18.^9. . A. W. toM. K New Year address, Quebec Gazette, 1839. . New Year*!- address, Quebec Transcript, 1840. . (J. \Y. W. to.M. K., 1840 The Lady's Answer .... .... Ba]3tismal Address, a Sonnet .... An Ordinance respecting Albums. ... Birthday Sonnet ; with a Theological t^uestion . New \' ear's Address, Quebec Gazette, 1840 The North Shore Railroad, 1847 New \'ear's Adclress, Pilot, 1849 .... The Carrier's Carol, — Quebec Gazette, 1849. . . . Epitaph on Mr. John Neilson .... The Steam Excavator or F'atent Irishman, Latin Ode. The Carrier's C\\a.\m\.,^Quehec Gazette, 1850. . . The little Gun ;— Exhibition of 1854 The Carrier's Coalition Addrese, Quebec Gazette, 1855. The Patriotic Fund ;— Committee's Address H. ^L Ephemeral Covernment ; — a Ctmservative Coupd'Elat . In Memoriam ; — Old Christ Church New Christ Church ;— The Attack New Christ Church ; — The Defence Thule or Thule, a Joint Stock Poem . . In Memoriam Teinporum .... Epitajih on By-Town j .... The White Wash Bill The Coup d'Etat (Reform).. The Queen's Birthday — ^Toasts ... .... Epitaph on L. n. Holton... Something for Esther's Album Something for Maude's Album 53 56 59 .... 61 . ... 63 64 67 68 69 71 71 76 78 79 81 81 83 84 87 89 92 93 95 96 100 103 106 It 108 112 «i3 '15 118 131 132 «32 134 13s '37 137 '38 Vi Contents. XVII 53 S6 . 59 . 6i 63 . 64 . 67 68 69 7» . 7> • 76 . 78 . 79 1 , 81 81 • 83 . 84 . 87 ■ 89 92 93 . 95 • 96 100 . 103 , 106 . 108 112 ■ 113 . "5 . 118 131 • 132 132 • 134 13s • 137 137 . 138 I'. R. Leap Year Valentine ... .... About Rag Money. . .... .... Sir ( ieo. Cartier and the Civil Code. . . . La Statue de Cartier All lost but honour .... Jubilate, for the Queen's Jubilee National Anthem ... Notes and Appendix to foregoing Waifs Bibliographic (Frechette on the Waifs) Standard or Railway Time .... Socialism .... .... .... Waifs in Prose, &c. .... The Railway Case, Manitoba vs. C The decision of Supreme Court. Jesuits' Estates Act ... .... Les Excommunies (Frechette) Translation of the same .... .... Le Drapeau Anglais .... Translation of the same .... .... Kingsford's History of Canada, V'ol. I. The same. Vol. IL .... .... The same, Vol. IIL .... Commercial Union with U. S Mr. Hitt's Resolution, thereon Disallowance of Provincial Acts .... The same discussed .... Session of 1890. Costs of .\ppeal. The same, and Rykert Case . . . Curiosities of .Measurement .... Cosmic Forces, and White's Sonnet Robert Browning .... .... Educational Questions .... Behring Sea Case .... .... Kingsford's History of Canada, Vol. I\'. Review of W'aifs — Montreal (la/.ette In Memoriam — .Sir John A. Macdonald C S. to her friend entering his 92nd year Behring .Sea Case .... .... Railway Time, I've. Law Journal 139 140 142 146 >5o 160 163 .. 166 175 177 .. 181 I8S .. 186 189, 190 .. 190 194 ■ 195 202 203 206 211 2>5 221 223 .. 225 227 . 231 233 ■■ 235 237 .. 238 240 .. 242 244 • ■ 250 254 • 255 256 . 258 t WAIFS IN VERSE '^cSt^aS^laaS*' PREFACE To Mrs. Grant's " Stray Leaves." WrUten at her reqwat. Should you ask me gentle Eeader,— Very kind and gentle Reader, — Easy, kind and soft subscriber To the volume now before you, How I came to write this volume, — What inducement made me print it, — How I hope to pay the printer ! — I should answer, I should tell you, In the strain of Hiawatha : I had not the least intention, When I penned my modest verses, That they ever in a volume Should collected be, and printed ; Printed, prefaced, bound, and published ! Thus it happened :— From my childhood, I Preface. J I I ;! I \\ Like young Popo, " I linped in numbers " (All, I foar, we have in common,) And whene'er occasion prompted, Slight or weighty, grave or merry, Birth or burial, christening, weddin.-. Sad removal, happy meeting. Tearful parting, joyous greeting. Action brave or patriotic, Faithful love or warliUe daring, I must have my " lines " upon it. Venting all my soul in rhyming. As I grew in years and statui'e, Editors my verses welcomed, Friends around me kindly flatter'd. Urged me to collect and publish, Offered to become subscribers. Offered to procure me others ; Talked of profits, talked of dollars, (Things I very sadly needed,) Talked until at last I yielded, — Vanity, perhaps, assisting. Thus it comes to pass, Header, That I throw me on thy mercy, — Book and author on thy mei*cy. Sages tell us that the medium Through the which wo see an object. Gives it colour bright or gloomy, — Gives it ugliness or beauty, Makes it lovely or unlovely ; Therefore, when thou art perusing This my unpretending volume, Sead it with the eye of friendship. Bead it by the light of kindness, Sony. Through good naturo'tt rosicHt gloHsos ; So its itnprosuming pnget4 Shall for thoo soom gay with fancy, Bright with wit and warm with fooling, Burning with poetic pasaion, Glowing with reflected beauty From thy heart, gentle Eoador ! Thus shall recomponHo be made thoe, Pair, and good, and manifold. And thy dollar bo repaid thoe, Like a "greenback" turned to gold. SONG.* As slowl}' glides from shore the bark, When day's last beam is just departing, And all around is drear and dark. Life's saddest tear is starting ; Nor hope itself can lend a ray To light the pensive wanderer's way. Allegro. — Yet morn again shall gild the skies, And love's gay visions yet shall rise. To soothe the pain of parting. How dear is then our native shore. How dear, to every better feeling, The smile that fond affection wore Love's purest form revealing : — How sad, o'er ocean's waste to roam. Far from the sacred joys of home. v * Written for a lady and adapted to the Air of " Mary of the Ferry." Sicifinu Afariiier'n l/ymn. All. — But ht)i)OHhnll conio with coining day To chuHO tlio houi't-folt tear iiway, Tlint down the cJjoek in utoaling. Tho »l»ip slill cleavoH hor foamy way, From homo and lovo and friendship gliding, Opposing still tho dashing spray, And wave from wav8 dividing: But onward as tho vossol goes Again the parted waters close: — All. — So hearts, where love and friendship reign. Shall only part to moot again, In mutual faith contiding. And fiercer now the billows rise, Against the gallant vessel beating; Before tho gale, — as on she flies, The clouds of night are fleeting; But winds that part from all that's doar Serve too our onward path to clear : All. — So years of painful absence past Shall, when wo meet again at last, Enhance tho joys of meeting. ;!f- '' r! SICILIAN MAEINEE'S HYMN. Holy Virgin chaste and fair Hoar the wandering sailor's prayer ;- Empress of the restless sea. Let our vows ascend to .thee. Swiftly o'er the swelling tide Bid our bark in safety glide : n yf^fmn at Sea. Still tlio pilots broust inform, And nhioid us from the huwiinp Storm. Holy Virgin, Ocoftn'n Quoon, Let thy mountain star be seon. * While the world is wrapt in sleep We must roam the pnthlews deep ; Far from pleasure, peace and homo O'er the bounding wave must roam. Still the pi Ioi'm breast inform And shield us from the howling Storm. HYMN AT SEA. Creator of the Waters,— thou whoso hand, Formed them from nothing, — and at whoso command The reetless winds are hushed,— thy guarding arm, Can shield the wanderer on the wave from harm ; — To thee, while o'er the trackless deep, A pensive exile roaming, Where angry winds the waters sweep And broken seas are foaming ; Still ore ray soul can sink to rest My prayers, my vows, shall be addressed. While o'er the desert ocean's dreary waste Form each dear scene of social joy I haste, Though me afar the rolling waters bear My prayers are England's and my homo is there : My dearest wish, my fervent vow, * The Pole Star :— Tramontane. 6 III- Hi Song. With more than passion's zeal devoted, To Heaven's high throne is rising now For those on whom my heart has doated : — From pleasure banished let me rove Where'er ihou wilt !— but those I love, Almighty father ! — let thy power Make happier with each coming hour. The sun has set, his faintest rays of light Are streaming from the west, and sullen night Wraps in her deepest shade the sea and sky : — One solitary star is beaming high. Whose dimly seem yet cheering ray Thro' scenes of thickest darkness glancing. — Still as the foaming waters play, Upon the high dark wave is glancing. — — Tho' friends are far and peril near Faith can the wanderer's bosom cheer, And beaming on his spirit be Like the lone star on Winter's sea. SONG. " Partant pour la Syrie. " Parting for Syria's crimson'd fields The youthful Stanley came To Mary's hallowed altar, there Invoked her sacred name. " Chaste Queen of Heaven, " he kneeling cried, " Oh grant a warrior's prayer ; — " Let me be bravest or the brave ** And love the fairest fair, " To my friends in England. He vow'd his vow to Mary there With every sacred rite : Then followed Eichard to the war And fields of thickest fight : True his vow, 'mid battle's rage Aloud he shouted there, — " Let mo bravest of the bravo '* And love the fairest fair. " Through him the victory was won : His gallant leader cried, " By thee my glory is obtain'd, " My daughter be thy bride. " For this I'd tell my warrior band, '♦ Tho' Eichard's self wore there, " Thou art the bravest of the brave, " She fairest of the fair." The war had ceased, and Stanlev then Eesought his native land, And there at Mary's altar soon Eeceived his Emma's hand ; And all who knew his gallant deeds And saw his Emma there, Owned him the bravest of tho bravo, Her fairest of the fair. TO MY FEIENDS IN ENGLAND. Bright in the south now beams the God of day, And tin-clad roofs return the sparkling ray ; From every chimney silvery vapours aise, |n >vhitening eddies to the deep-blue skies, 8 To my friends in England. fl 'Ml i I The cold snow creaks the passing foot beneath, White on'his eyebrow hangs the traveller's breath, Th'else sallow cheek with deepest crimson glows, And mocks the paleness of surrounding snows. Frost o'er the scene in chilling splendor reigns And binds St. Lawrence in his icy chains; From bank to bank rough fields of ice extend, Save one dark lake — whence steaming mists ascend, ^ 8 if the waters breathed. The cariole now Speeds on its way beneath the tall ship's bow : The red-tuqued habitants the market throng. With noisy jokes and rough old Norman song; The frozen meats now choke the crowded way, And " coldly furnish forth " the well fill'd sleigh ; Hard hearted greens have felt stern " winter's flaws; " Geese, turkies, fowls, confess his *• biting laws ; " — To brittle fish the grating saw's applied. And brandished axes solid milk divide. Now annual visits must be duly paid. And solemn calls with strict punctilio made; The knowing whip — with "conscious pride of art." In ticklish tandem plays the driver's part, O'er the smooth road his graceful cariole glides, And spotted furs o'erhang its polish'd sides ; Half the proud seat his blooming partner shares And muffled to the chin the breath of winter dares. Now fashion's votaries ply the knocker hard, Madam's not in, — tant mieux— yon leave your card : * She is — you enter — taste her cakes and wine, — Pay compliments, — observe — " the weather's fine But cold " — she smiles — you bow — and haste away With other dames the same dull farce to play. , To my friends in England. 9 But, scorning fashion's cold and heartless law, Close to the roaring stove my chair I draw, Pensive I sit, — thick crowding fancies come. Thought follows thought and every thought is home. And memory wakens : — at the enchantress' call Bright visions rise — and home is in them h\\. My father, — blessings be around thee spread, And many a year fly gently o'er the head ; — My mother, — oh could words my heart declare — Expression wrongs the fervent wishes there, He, whom alone I honor more than thee, When I forget thee cease to think on me. Dear Emily — may every coming year Make thee to me — to all — more justly dear : — Smooth be thy path — thy every prospect bright — Thy days unclouded — and thy slumbers light : A brother's blessing be on thee, my love, And peace around thy steps where'er they rove. * :tc 9|c 1c 4c :ic Alfred, Horatio, — Shakespeare's honor'd pages Have told us human life has " seven stages : " Oh may your stages with unjolting wheel O'er life's Macadamised causeway steal. In pleasure's colors bo each scene arraj'^ed And hope's gay varnish over all be laid, Honor and faith the lamps your course to guide, And honest hearts the passengers inside. Thou royal throne of kings— thou sceptred Isle." Land of my boyhood— where a mother's smile, 10 Song. First waked my heart to love, — a father's hand, Tended my infant steps, thou dear, dear land ; From thee my feet but not my heart may roam, Thou, England, art my Country and my home ! An Exile blesses thee from cot to throne : May every patriot virtue be thine own : Thy sons in arts and arms tor ever shine; Valour and beau'y be for ever thine; Thy flag triumphant over ocean wave. And heaven's protecting arm my Country save ! See Notes. i« iiif! SONG Air—" Rousseau's Drbam." Softly round thy pillow stealing May love's image still be nigh. Calling from the depths of feeling Passion's tenderest, purest sigh : May kind fancy's touch entrancing Soothe thy soul with visions blest, Till the sun's first day-beam glancing Gently breaks thy balmy rest. May magic tones of music falling Seem to charm thy list'ning ear, Joys that long have past recalling — Bidding long lov'd friends appear. Like the moonbeam falling lightly May thy dreams, dear Mary, be, Coming o'er thy soul as brightly Ab that beam descends on me, Hymn. 11 TO B. M. A. W. WITH THOMSON'S SEASONS. When I am gone, sister, forget me not ; When spring's returning warmth shall call each floweret To wonted beauty, let affection's sigh Be breath'd for me : if summer scorch the earth Or autumn crown it with deep-blushing fruit, Thro' all the seasons still remember me. But chiefly when around the winter's fire With well lov'd friends thou sittest and the tale Of other days is caught from tongue to tongue. When music's magic tones shall to thy memory Eecall the hours that we have passed together, And friends then near us at the potent spell Shall rise, like phantoms in a sumrr.er's dream. Before thy waking eyes, — forgot me not. HYMN. Air — "Adbstb Fideles. When deep'ning thunders roll on high, And flashing light'nings rend the sky. While thickening clouds obscure the day Thy power, Jehovah, we survey. When summer shines serene and fair Thy balmy zephyr cools the air : When autumn's waving crops appear Thy love with plenty crowns the year. Thro' the wide world thy power is shown, Jn every land thy name is known. 12 Hymn. •ill And rocks of ice or plains of sand. Display the same Almighty hand. Thee burning Afrio's sons confess, Thee frozen Lapland's children btoss, For thou art He by all ador'd, " Father of all," Creation's Lord. \ I 111 \ 'i I '; HYMN. Air — "German Hymn. Glory be to God on high, God whoso mercy fills the sky Peace on earth to man bo given Man the wed belov'd of Heaven. Now let men with angels sing Glory to the Almighty King ; Praise to him by all ador'd Halleluiah to the Lord. When the trumpet of the skies Bids the buried dead arise. Bocks shall melt and mouutains fall And boundless ruin swallow all : Then the sun shall feel decay, Then the stars shall fade away, As the fleeting dreams of night Vanish with the morning's light! But with awful glory crown'd Amid the crash of worlds around, Jehovah's truth for ever faf • . Shall for endlesB ages last, Advent Hymn. 13 SAMSON'S PRAYER. Hear Jehovah, thou whose hand Did the rushing wuterw close, When from Egypt's hated land Israel fled, on countless foes ; Now, while Dagon's sons of shame Thy avenging arm defy, While they mock thy sacred name Hurl thy vengeance from on high. God of Jacob, hear my vow, Hear my last — my fervent prayer ; Strengthen thou thy servant now Aid the efforts of despair : On Philistine heads around Soon this vaulted roof shall fall Dash'd in ruin, on the ground, And destruction bury all. He speaks— consenting Heav'n his prayer attends- Ho bows, — the fabric fulls and thousands die Beneath its crush — and vengeance is his own. ADVENT HYMN— (New Verses.) Now, the sleep of ages breaking, Hear th'archangel trumpet sound : Nations from the grave awaking Rise in countless myriads round. Halleluiah, Amen. 14 104th Paabn. n Earth and soa, their dead restoring, Shrinking own his awful name : Bonding crowds, their God adoring, Now the Son of Man proclaim. Halleluiah, Amen. He, th'unjust, the proud, th'opressor. Dooms to never-dying fires : Pure religion's mock professor Trembling at his word retires. Halleluiah, Amen. But the just and good approving Who their Saviour's name confoss'd, He, mid saints and angels moving Leads to endless joy and rest. Halleluiah, Amen. Hark ! the blest Eedeemer praising Millions join the glorious song : Golden harps in triumph raising Seraphim the strain prolong. Halleluiah, Amen. 104th PSALM.— (New Verses.) In light as a robe Our God is arrayed ; At the voice of His thunder The hills are afraid. On the wings of the whilwind His chariot is borne, While myriads of angels His triumph adorn. Epitaph, 16 O'or the waves of tho doop His messonger flios; At the voice of his bidding Tho billows arise: — Tho storm and the tompost Are hushed at His will, They hear His rebuking And ocean is still. O'er all that hath life His providence reigns, His goodness created His bounty sustains : '• To God their Creator, " Let all creatures raise " The hymn of thanksgiving " Of worship and praise." EPITAPH. To the Memory of E. M. who died in her 4th year this Stone is dedicated by her Mother. "Of such is the Kingdom of Heaven." To anxious hope, and ceaseless prayer denied, He lies a father's joy, — a mother's pride; Oh, V ho that watched her infant mind expand To reasoning thought, beneath the almighty hand, And day by day beheld new beauties bloom Could deem she blossomed only for the tomb : Could deem nor wit, nor worth, nor youth could save, Our loved Eliza from an early grave. 16 Horace: Ode XV. Lib. /. Forgive, Oh God, forgive a mother's tear, Who dared to murmur at thy judgments here, A tear like hers the pure Redeemer shed When holy Martha spake of Lazarus dead ; In the cold tomb the lov'd disciple slept, The God rostor'd him — but the Master wept. t HOEiCE: Ode XV. Liu. I. ' Pastor quum trahcrct. " I When the perfidious Shepherd boy Spread his light sails, and bore to Troy The perjur'd Queen, — the azure main Stept tranquil, the prophetic st -.in Old Nereus waked, th'unwiling winds were still, While thus the prophet sang the course of future ill : " With Gods averse, thou bear'st away The cause of many a bloody day, Whom banded Greece shall seek in arms And curse her fate provoking charms ; — Till Troy shall see her God erected wall ' And Priam's ancient house, and Priam's kingdom fall." " War comes with all his horrid train ; The foaming steed shall snort with pain ; \ Proud man shall bleed, — the tortur'd horse Shall spurn the already lifeless corse, — Lo I Pallas, even now, prepares her dreaded spear, And shakes her Gorgon shield — while nations quake with fear." Horace : Ode XV. Lib, I. " Trusting to Vonus' aid in vain — Thy l}ire shall wake th'ignoblo strain; In vain with soft unwarliko care, Thy hand shall comb thy golden hair ; — In vain within the shameless harlot's bed Thou hid'st from Cretan darts thy false dishonor'd head." " In vain thou shun'st the Grecian sword And the fierce ire of Sparta's Lord:— In vain thou fliest with frantic fear Swift Ajax' hot pursuing spear : By Grecian steel shall coward Paris die And soiled in dust obscene his golden tresses lie." " Seest thou not stern Ulysses here, Tne scourge of all thy race, and near The Pylian sage, while from afar Sthelenus, Teucer. wake the war ; Both skill'd alike in glory's chase to lead, To crush the shrinking foe, or rule the iiory steed. " " See Merion to the fight advance And shake aloft his ready lance, And haughty Diomed, whom thou. Forgetful of thy boasting vow. With panting breast and pallid cheek shalt fly As flies the trembling stag when the giim wolf is nigh. " " Brief is the time the Gods decree To tottering Ilion and to thee : — Pelides' anger may delay Awhile the inevitable day : — Yet Troy shall fall at last, and hor proud dames Shall see her haughty towers consumed by Grecian flames." % 18 Martml VU, S\). l' I .1(1 ' j ! ODR XXX, Lb. I. •* I'crsicos odi, pucr, appar.iluH." Gugy my boy, I hato the big PutlM Hwollitig ol'au Englitth wig :- Lot it Hit, ( u hotter placo) Ovor some unmeaning face. Lot the tailor's caroloHH hand Make me a Himpio gown and band, These, my boy, sit well on thoo, May they sit aH well on mo. Who, beneath thy caro discerning, Drink the stream of legal learning. MARTIAL VII., 89. I, felix rosa, mollibusque scrtis Nostris cinge comas Apollinaris, Quas tu nectere Candidas, — sod olira, — Sic to semper amet Venus, memento. Imitatbd. ) 1 . 1 i 1 { • i i Go happy roses, form a wreath around Apollinaris' hyacicthino hair ; And mind, so love you Venus, it bo bound > By you, — long hence, — when snow has fallen there. Epitaph. \% EPITAPH. Sci'utching, purring, mowing, crying, liound in giddy circioH flying, — Seoiting over varying plays ; Thus I puHKod my kitlori duyu. ThoHo I loft: — in cathood's primo, When Hoboror joys employed my time, Fiorco rats have trembled at my si/'lit, And mice tlioir bacon Haved by flight. And lovors tried their amorous wiles : — 1 was " was a toast upon the tilos," And tabby beaux in whisker'd pride Scampor'd o'or house-tops by ray side. A numerous family I rais'd, For cat-like virtues all were praised ; And slaughter'd mice, and frighted rats Have proved my kittens' kittens cats. A mistress too I loft behind, A gentle being, fair and kind A little gny light hearted hollo. Who loved her friends and pussy well. All those I left: — ah I what avail The goosobery eye, the graceful tail, The rosy nose, the shining vest. The spotted back, the spotless breant V For he who laughs at charms like these, And catches cats, as cats catch fleas, Grim death, my joys with envy saw And lixed on mo his murd'ring paw. 20 Epitaph. Go reader — iearn from pussy's fate That beauty's but of transient date: That rosy cheek, or rosy nose, That splendid fur, or gaudy clothes, That slender waist, or graceful tail, 'Gain'st the sharp claws of death will nought avail And learn from her, — of mortal charms the best, In cat or woman is the spotless breast. EPITAPH. Hero Philis lies — weep reader if you will, For all who knew her worth lament her still : No angel, tho' by nature's self inspired To more than human virtues she aspired. She never once, when fortune's tide grew slack, On those she once had courted turned her back ; — Faithful thro' life she ne'er betray'd her friends Nor flatter'd foes to gain her private ends ; And never once, — (ask those who knew her well) In whisper'd hints aspers'd a sister belle. Tho' in Hyde-Park admired by many a beau, She went for exercise and not for show. With graceful ease she bore her beauties rare, It seemed in truth she knew not she was fair. And when old time, that foe to mortal charms, Attack'd her beauties with resistless arms, Without a sigh she saw her graces fade Nor curs'd the ravages that time had made. If thine tho boast, — " O'er stiff-neck'd beaux I reign. ' From Phillis learn, — all mortal charms are vain ; — In pride of beauty if thine heart boats high — From Phillis learn, e'en beauty's self must die. Sotty. 21 SONG Air — " Donne l'Amobe." Oh Lady, lovo is light, As summer's hroath when lightest: And fleeting as the bright But fading ray of eve : If thou receive him, Life's early hope thou blightest. If thou believe him He will, he will deceive ! With faithless tears and fickle smiles He still the trusting heart beguiles, Oh never then believe him. Yet Lady, love is sweet, Tho' light as summer's breathirg, Like evening's ray will fleet But is as heavenly too : — Wilt thou reject him Flowers and thorns en wreathing ? — Wilt thou neglect him While yet the dream is know ? 'Tis better sure to smile and weep. Than tileep the long unchanging sleep Of hearts that love ne'er waken'd. / ' 22 New-Year's Address^ 1830, NEW-YEAR'S ADDRESS "i ;|, '-- I 3' 1 i '!! r^ i **^' ■ i' , I, r Of the Carrier of the Star and Commercial Advertiser. Quebec, January i, 1830. Twice has this earth since we our course begun, Wheeled on her silent axle round the sun ; Twice has the sun, upon the polar snows, Arisen and sunk since first our " Star " arose ; " The beacon of the patriot's course " 't has been ; Not like that star in Cassiopeia seen A Sun, and then a Cinder — No; it came And lit the horison with a steady flame ; With equal motion, unabating force, Climbs and will climb slong its destined course, Until it reach its zenith. — Shall it fall Thence like an exhalation — losing all The glorious light it should for aye reserve, And leave the world to night — and La Minerve ? We cannot tell — the times, alas are gone, When poesy and prophecy were one. But while old Earth along her orbit ran, And traced the great ellipsis, what has man Been doing ? — Th'autocrat of Russia's nation Holds the professorship of Moderation,, And gives good proof he ought, by merely lunching On certain Persian Provinces, and munching A moderate share of Turkey by the way Of dinner. There was once a wolf, they say. Who somehow got a crane's neck in his jaws, * A College Journal edited liy A. S. late brother 11. S., and now, 1887, C. J. now Judge S. C, (Quebec, and his New-Year' a Address^ 1830. 23 And did not bite it oil— no doubt tho cauoe Was the wolf's moderation^ as he said, And the crane humbly acquiesced. We read Eome's founder sucked a wolf, and that may be The reason why in history's list we see No nation half so moderate, save the Roman, As are the Russians now, — a fact which no man Will contradict, — The sword has done its work, And man has suffered much. The Russ and Turk Have bled, tho' not alike. War's horrid blast Has swept across the East, and when it passed, Destruction marked its course. But then, 'tis true. Much good has followed — " Tout est pour le mieux : " The blood of nations hath not flowed in vain : The once bright Orescent now is in the wane ; Now where his fertile shores the Danube laves, Christians no more shall be the Moslem's slaves. And, more than all, no longer Greece shall be T'le opprobrium of the world ; for Greece is Free.- More good shall follow — to its native East The tree of knowledge hath returned, — its feast Of goodly kind is spread : By British hands 'Twas planted, — girt by British swords it stands. Not to forbid approach' but to ensure The blessings that for ages shall endure : O'er the dark East the mental day shall spread. Till Burmah's golden-footed chief shall read A Burmese " Star ' by gas-light. Usurpation Shall but assist thy maich, Civilization 1 Hero in the west " Our President " has been Saying soft things to Europe's " Ocean Queen. " Perhaps some million acres, more or less, ^re \^orth that trouble. Jonc'ohan may guess iif 24 I New Year's Address, 18S0. West India Trade is good, and calculate That both together will return the state By way of profit more than cent per cent, For words employed in well tarned compliment. But give the Devil his due,—" Old Hickory's blood " Is English— and when he in battle stood Against us in the field, he only did His duty to his country : God forbid We were worse friends for that, — and now his hand Is stretched in friendship to the gallant land Whence he and his descended, let us take The hand he offers with a hearty shake. — Our " Houses " too will meet, and our respected Collective Wisdom be again collected ; — Accounts will be examined — rulers taught Economy — and lectured as they ought On saving public money, by the light Of spermaceti candles, night by night. Twice seven wise men from old St. Stephen's Hall Where chosen, met, looked wise, and swallowed all The piteous tale about the dreadful state Of Canada, and her unfortunate " Condition : " and the men whose nation owes Only eight hundred millions, felt the woes Of Canada, that neither pays nor buys, Placemen or patriots, ministers or spies, Army or navy — So they wrote a book Which their wise brethren here for Gospel took, ^ And px'actising the economy they'd hinted, Ordered six hundred copies to be printed. — Strange things like these bOyond all doubts betoken Some near and great event. We have not spoken Jn f UAinore Diminatore. 25 Our thought before ; but we can understand By signs that the millennium is at hand, Or just begun. If so, our " House " shall reign A thousand years, and meet and meet again. Our Speaker freed from patriotic fears Enjoy his thousand pounds a thousand years ; A thousand times shall A-B,— right or wrong, Present his bills a thousand clauses long. A thousand times our gracious House shall give The thousand pounds we printers shall receive, — A thousand judges yet shall feel the lash, Some thousand witnesses shall touch the cash. A thousand times shall we repeat our rhymes, And which " All health to all " a thousand times. L'AMORE DOMINATORK. * "That very strain that mourns a broken vow, " Is sadly sweet because it breathes of love." I saw an ancient castle stand In varied light and shade. And softly on its battlements The glancing sunbeams play'd. From many a pictured window there Eeturn'd the softened rays : — The very air the spirit caught And breathed of other days. * Written in humble deprecation of L. K, L's attack upon the credit of tht; rosy god. 2d UAmore Dominatore, And closely there the ivy twined Around each warlike tower, And blooming o'er each pointed arch Was seen the sweet wallflower ; I'!! Emblem of ancient days, when love Was half the soldier's duty, — And on the steel-clad wai'rior's helm Was seen the scarf of beauty. f (I'll'i I saw that castle's future heir, A noble generous youth ; On his clear brow was honor stamped, On every feature truth. Si? f i And yet there was a listlessness And languor in his air ; His spirit flashed not from his eye And genius slumber'd there. Time passed : — I saw that youth again, That listlossness was gone : — His eye had caught a keener glance His voice a clearer tone : — I marked the poet's glance of firo As he raised the glowing song ; I heard an echo sweet and low The gentle notes prolong. And soft as on the breath of spring The tender strain arose, — One word, one oft-repeated word, Was beard in every close. m L' Amove Dominatore. 7n In sweetor notes — in clearer tones It thrill'd along the grove — It echo'd back at every pause : I listened,— it was,—" Love. " His country calls — her bravest sons Bush to the battle-field. And British arms in Britain's cause — The sons of freedom wield. That youth was first: — on crimson 'd plain, Or on the slippery deck : He dauntless braved the raging storm The battle fire, the wreck. War ceased — they bound his brows with oak The youthful warrior came. And grateful thousands lined the way And shouted forth his namc>, Mid thousand faces one alone That youthful warrior sought ; 'Mid thousand eyes one eye alone His answering glance has caught. The approving look, the timid smile, Of yonder blushing maid, Are more to him than all his fame. His toils are overpaid. For her he fought, for her he bled. Her name his song inspired, Her gentle love the sole reward ^is beating heart desired, ■"T 28 V Amove Dominatore. Again — I saw a wedded pair ; Around their quiet heart A group of smiling infants played In childhood's reckless mirth. Fondly around a brother's neck A sister's arm was thrown, Affection smil'd in every look Love spoke in every tone. I mark'd the matron's eye of pride, I saw the father's smile; — Envied I then the hearts of those Whodaro love's name revile? Time held his course — again I look'd And saw an ancient pair : Each form had lost the grace of youth Time filver'd o'er their hair. One gentle feeling still unchanged Each look — each action prove, It breathes, it speaks in every word, 'Tis chasten'd but 'tis Love. I turn 'd to tales of other days, I read the rolls of fame, They spoke of many a godlike deed And many a deathless name. Yet still I found the noblest hearts One softer power could move. The bravest knelt before his shrine. The proudest bowed to Love, !f-t V Amove Dominatore. Eome's haughtiest son on Rorao herself* The storm of vengeance hurl'd, — All had been lost, — love spake and saved. The mistress of the world. He first in every youthful heart Did generous thoughts inpiro, Ho nerved the warrior's arm in fight, He fann'd the patriot's fire. And more than all — th' immortal verso Was taught by him alone ; He glowed within the poet's breast And song was all his own. To thee, oh love — in youth or ago Life's purest joys we owe ; From thee the sacred ties of homo From thee its blessings flow. Hail then to thee, and at thy shrine Let every mortal bend, As husband, father, brother, son, As lover or as friend. " They cannot paint thee," — for the forms Which youthful poets see When rapt in visions of the Muse, Alone can picture thee. — % * Coriolanus. X L. E. L's poem ends with " They cannot paint thee, let them dream A dark and nameless thing, Why give the likeness of the dove Where is the serpent's sting." f? 30 beautiful things, !;1 i' ■ f " i 1 'M 1 1 ( 1 [ ■ f 1 ;i ♦' lij llf 1 ' I BEAUTIFUL THINGS. * Have you heard after all the pro and the con — Of counsellor Supple and counHollor Pliant, When the judge had summed up and the charge was done, A verdict returned for your own good client ? Have you stood by the clerk to see it recorded That nothing might happen your hopes to dash — Have you heard, as you saw it was properly worded, In fancy the chink of your client's cash ? Have you lost your way in a pathless wood When the sun was set and the sky growing dark, And puzzled and tired as in doubt you stood Have yoa leapt to hear the watch dog's bark 7 Have you stood by the bow of a noble ship When the place of her building grew suddenly bare; Have you seen her keel in the waters dip, Have you heard the cheer that greeted her there ? After Canada's winter have you seen The St. Lawrence set free by the generous sun : — While the birds returned and the hills grew green, Have you heard the first seen vessel's gun ? i' Have you ever heard, when far away (As you thought) from all that could breathe of home, Some song that you learned in a happier day Like a voice from the dead in a strange land come ? * Written for some ladies and suggested by certain lines they sent with their notions of " Beautiful things. " :• I Somiet. 31 Have you over heard Pbganini play, Or Braham sing his •' Eobin Adair," Or Miss Stephens chaunt " Auld Robin Gray ; " . Have you heard Rossini's " Di piacer " ? Have you sat by a maid you would fain should be Your own in woe and your own in bliss ; Have you said to that maiden " lovht thou mo " And half-felt, half-heard, that she murmured " Yos: " When the soul that hath gone astray is forgiven, The song the rejoicing Seraphim sing May bo the sweeter, perhaps, but on this side heaven You shall hear no sweeter, no holier thing. SONNET. ent with their A Lady to her god-daughter. They tell me you're ray god-daughter, dear baby, And therefore, tho' at verse I'm not a dab, I Feel that the honor is so great — that on it I cann't do less than pen a little sonnet.— And now I am your god-mother, and therefore Ifyoitare sinful, /must answer; — wherefore Be a good girl and woman, big or little. Not breaking toys or hearts tho' both are brittle ; And bo not pettish tho' you be a pot, And if you're pretty be not a coquette : — And keep your dresses clean and sav^ your pins, And say your prayers at night ; — or for y II 1: 'M 34 Song — Phrenology. In the head of Johny Bull Alivientiveness is full, So his failing, isO his failing, Is to get a little mellow ; But when friends are smiling round, And wit, wine and song i»bound, He that could not, or that would not, Is a mighty churlish fellow. Churlish follow. Under Sandy's sandy wig There's AcquisitiveneSD big. So he's toiling, so he's moiling, To put placU and plack thegither ; Yet he'd spent his last bawbee But he'd make the couple three, And, with John and Pat, his whistle wot, A gay and canny fellow, Canny fellow. In Paddy's scull we guess Thei'o is a large Combativeness^ And another bump, a tender lump. That makes him love the lasses ; But Paddy he can do Something else than fight and coo. O'er his whisky, — Ho gets frisky. And a roaring jolly fellow. Jolly fellow. But the best of all their lumps. And the very King of Bumps, Is Adhesiveness, Adhesiveness, That binds them all together. Soiig. — »S^^ George,. 35 Pat and Sandy hard and fast Stick to Johnny to the last, And who beats them, — or who cheats them, Is a dov'lish clover fellow. Clever fellow. Toast — " Dr. Parnell and Phrenology in a bumper." SONG. * Air— "There is nae luck about the house." St. George he was an errant knight And rode about the world, And when he saw a dragon, straight At him his spear he hurl'd. — These dragons were the grievances That did the earth infect ; So good St. George's march was like Our march of lotellect. St. George became old England's Saint, And thus she did inherit His cordial hate of all misrule. His anti-dragon spirit : — When Lackland did a tyrant turn. In thought and word and dec i, St. George inspired the Barons bold Who camped at Runnj'mede. * Sung by Archibald Campbell, Es(j., at Si. (Jcorgc's dinner, 23 April 1835. i! .i «i 36 3 -■ ' i! Song — St. George. And ever against tj'ranny Hath gallant England stood, And strained for freedom every norvo, And bought it with her blood. She will not bear that King or Mob Should rule without control, And spurns the tyrant aggregate As well as tyrant sole. Earth's dragons are, — antique abuse Eeceived upon tradition, Despotic sway, and slavish fear, And vice and superstition : — In Kingdoms (and Republics too) ' Corruption or excess, And mob-made law ; — and earth's St. George Is England's public press. And there/ore is she first of all That are or that have been Among the nations of the earth. And therefore Ocean'i* Queen ; — And therefore on her flag the sun Doth hourly rise, — and will, Because the Spirit of St. George Is England's spirit still. We've Dragons here who sit at once In places three and four ; — We've one with four and thirty heads. And one with many more : — Another's ignorance that doth Imagined evils forge ;— f Song — St. Andrew. 37 Another's — Mr. Joseph Hume, And Peel is our St. George. TOAST. St. George and Merry England — may The hearts of all adore them ; And may the dragons of the earth For ever fall over them. ft SONG. * Air — '* The Storm. Cease your loud and blust'ring railings, Politicians one and all ; Search not for each others failings, Seek not places great or small : — Whether democrat or tory. Juste milieu, left or right. Listen to St. Andrew's story ; — He's our autocrat to-night. When he came for the conversion Of our fathers wild and free, He, good saint, had no aversion, To the taste o' bailey bree; Well he knew, — like all our Masters, — Christian, Eoman, Greek or Jew, Nothing softens life's disasters Like good wine or mountain dew. Sung by Archibald Campbell, Esq., on St. Andrew's night, 1837. ffl ' i:ii il l0 38 Song — St. Andrew. Well he knew unaided reason Cannot fancy perfect bliss, — Love itself has thorns, and treason, Once at least, profaned a kiss : — Preaching's nought without example, Only what we feel wo know : Men must drink, or taste no sample Of unmingled joy below. Thus our fathers, waxing daily Better in their deeds and words, Spent the day in good, and gaily Passed the night round festal boards, Never trod a Scotsman faintly In the path his sires found right ; — Kindly, freely, gaily, saintly., Let M« pass St. Andrew's night. SONG. * Air — "Scots wha hae. Men of Scotia's blood or land, No longer let us silent stand — Our " origin " while traitors brand. As "foreign " here. We scorn to wear a coward mask, And when the boasting Gaul shall ask Our claim, 'twill be a welcome task To bid him hear — Sung by Archibald Campbell, Esq., at St. Andrews dinner, 1837. \ ■ The Bombardier s Song, 39 Upon the crests of Abram's heights. Victorious in a thousand fights, The Scottish broad-sword won our rights Wi' fatal sweep ; By gallant hearts those rights were gain'd - By gallant hearts shall be maintain'd ; E'en tho' our dearest blood be drain'd Those rights to keep. Then when th3 Gaul shall ask again, Who called us hero across tho main ? Each Scot shall answer bold and plain, " Wolfe sent for me." Be men like those the hero brought, With whose best blood the land was bought, And fighting as your fathers fought, Keep it or die ! THE BOMBARDIERS SONG. Air—" Barney Brallaghan." Twas on a busy day. Which we shall long remember, When Bombardier Blazeaway, Some time in last November, When radical boasts were loud And Yankees talked of invading. * Written for W. B. Lindsay, Esq. , Clerk of the Legislave Assembly, and Major of Volunteer Artillery ; and sung by his Lieutenant, H. A. Wicksteed. u< I i 40 The Bombardiers Song. Recruited among the crowd, And this was his mode of pursuading : " Only say " You'll be an artillery-man ; " Don't say nay ; '* Now's the time, — if you will you can," '* With a clerk of Assembly's whim " If the service should happen to chime, boys, " We'll refer some ordinance to him, •' To report from time to time, boys. " If an Auctioneer comes, that we'll rid " The country of rebels sure them am I, " For he'll only wait for a hid " To knock down the forts of an enemy. " Only K.iy, &c. " Come Lawyers, you're not raw, " (Tho' drilling your knowledge enlarges,) •' For you know the canon law " And are famous at lieavy charges : " You can't ho much at fault, " J'or this I can say without flattery " You can profit by an assault^ '' And make the most of battery. " Only say, &c. '• Come, ye Merchants' come, " Leave you goods on the shelf now, " Honor the notes of the drum, " Think no more of j-our f>elf now : " At a glut of our goods we scofi, ^' Dven rebels and Yankees have sept for 'em \ f The Bombardier' a Song. " Tho' they're lieavy they all go off^ '* For we always find a vent for 'em. *' Only say, &c. ^ II' ' Gome all ye Medical Tribe, " Like physic oar science in fact is, For we doses of powder prescribe, " And have plenty of mortar practise. • Come, Printers, your knowledge will grace '* The tools we are always dandling, ' For you constantly stand around the chase, " And the primer are frequently handling. ** Only say, &c. i( The man that deals in fruit " Can prune the wings of the foe, sir, And a capit&l good recruit " Is a cam« fi 1 ' ^ ': I: j. ■>. ,,; ; ■ ; SONG. For Sir Isaac Newton's Birthday. * Air— "'Barbara Allbn." When Archimedes, reverend sage, By trump of fame renowned, sir, Deep problems solved in every page, The sphere's curved surface found, sir; He e'en himself had still outshone And higher borne the sway, sir, Had he but once our secret known, And drunk his bottle a day, sir, When Ptolemy so long ago Believed the world stood still, sir, He never could have fancied so, .. Had he but drunk his All, sir; He'd then have seen it circulate, And learnt without delay, sir, That he who'd be both wise and great Must drink his bottle a day, sir. Copernicus, that learned wight. The glory of his nation, * This song, I am sorry to say, is not mine. It was written by my uncle the late Mr. Justice Fletcher, of .Sherbrooke, a brother of Sir Richard Fletcher, R. E., who was killed at St. Sebastian. The Mathematical Society of London had been prosecuted by a common informer for having had some notices printed inad- vertently without the printer's name. Mr. Fletcher, a member of the Society, had successfully defended them, and the Society had voted him a silver cup which was presented to him at their annual meeting on Sir Isaac Newton's Birthday, 1802, when he sang this song which he had written for the occasion. I have the Cup — and cannot forbear taking this occasion of telling its history and giving the song and a little Epigram by the same hand, f \ H nil -II Song, — For Newton's Jiirtlutay, 45 With draughts of wino refroshod his sight And Huw the earth'u rotation ; Each planet then its orb described, The moon got under weigh, sir. The truth he thus at once imbibed, For he dranl< his bottle a day, sir. Ye Philomaths, what then avails It how the world map state us, — Experiments can never fail With this our apparatus. Let him who'd have his merit known Remember what I say, sir, Fair science yields to him alone Who drinks his bottle a day, sir. '■' 'tf EPIGRAM. By I he same oh seeing a crop of oats on the Plains of Altram, Some men seek glory, others sigh for groats ; Here Wolfe reaped laurels — and Dalhousio outs. ji ' I 46 Soiiy — by Mian Quculrifle. II ! i II 1 EXTRA BXTRAORDINAEY. * We have jusi received the followiug communication, -announ- cin|Lf u danger with which Her Majoniy's Government iw threa- tened from a new and unexpected quarter. We lone no time in laying it before our readers : — Ft*)' the Quebec Mm'niuy Herald, Mr. Editor. — I am commanded to inform you, that the Henti- mcnts expressed in the following song have been unanimously concurred in by a brilliant assembly of no less than 92 ladies. If the grievance complained of be not npeedily I'odressed, let the parties implicated look to it. 1 am, Mr, Editor, Your obedient servant, Miss (Quadrille. * Quebec, I8th Dec, 1837. SONG. Air—'* Oh dear, what can the matter be ! " Oh dear what can the matter be ? Dear, dear, what can the matter bo ? Oh dear what can the matter be ? ; Nobody gives us a ball I Vainly my ringlets I braiding and curling am, Vainly in dreams, too, I twisting and twirlin/' am, Oh, my Lord Gosford, great Baron of Worlingham, Why don't you give us a ball ? Oh dear, &c. * I did not invent this signature, — some young lady corresiwnilent had used it ; and I took a great fancy to it as charmingly odd. Hony — by Miaa Quadrille, 47 Ho promised, when tirHt lio cjimo, ho'd givo uh plenty — Wo thought in ouch Hooson we'd got nt least twenty ; But if to perform that fair promise ho meant, ho Would Huroly now givo us a boll. Oh dear, .'v J. Then our beaux are all priming a»;d lomliug apa\ (billing; With bravo loyal ardour each bosoiin is ll!riiHnc, If the bravo lovo the fair,— why tiie 'ui; lovo qnadiilling, — Then why don't they ^',ivc Ui; a ball V Oh dear, &c. Let them ne'er think that m\\H check niyi'ri a?'i0n>. fu;- lighling. Or that J!;m»i/)« throw cold wutc v or vrlint ihoy 'leli/.^ltf. '.n \ For the man who all points of war's scior/a. ^v«l right in, To Waterloo went from a ball. Oh dear, &c. If our Governor, lovers, or brothcfH ov ppouPM, Will not open their castles, their h«&rts an.i their houfjfjs, And their tyranny once our resistance nro«H0<«, We know who will give us a ball. Gh dear, &c. We'll resolve that the grievance surpasses all .ennon ; We'll declare such brutality justiiion treason; We'll compound with the rebets fov oro itirow again the course they try, Toiling up the glassy sleep, Gain the top, and from on high Swift as arrows down they sweep. What to-morrow, &r. Thus wo pass our pleasant lime, Frost and fund our hearts elating, Down wo slide and up we climb 'Till we lioJir that — dinner's wailing. What to-morrow, &c. m I % it^- i .ii'!U' [II i 66 Canadian Ptc-nic Sonr;. See the crowilod table spread, Flesh and fowl and fruit and li>!i ; — That we might bo duly fed Every guest has brought a dish. What to-niDrrow, &c. Every hou-iit 1 forget not thee: Our fViontlyihip'H not of uncioiit dale, no l- 4? if Iif lit ; ' iriil Hi' I Us ilih Y4 JITew 7ear'« Address— 1839. Their faces turn'd and struck ; and then At the first blow the Rebels qnailed, And sympathizing Brigands failed. ' Then came the Lord of high pretence And wonderful magnificence. — Consistent— iho' he seemed to be Embodied inconbiptency: — The ballot man, despising nil, — Th* Aristocratic Badical.* He thought within our land to rule Just like a master in a school, And deem'd the country needs must thrive When governed by himself nnd^i;*, Who, learning all things in a minute, Consulted not a soul within it. But time, who air-built castles evens, Showed all at sixes and at sevens; Too true himself to think his friends — Would give him up to serve their ends, Too brave to think that loj'alty Required a captive foe should die, — The Rebel Leaders ho befriended, But rather far his powers extended. Brougham led the attack with ancient hate, And Melbourne left him to his fate. — Deserted by his friends and cuifd By enemies — the Lord got huif'd, And when Glbnelo was next awake He'd a new Governor to make. Meantime Victoria's brow was bound With Britain's diadem ; and crown'd * See Notes. New Year's Address— 18S9. w In the world's proudest, highest place, She peerless sat, with j'outhful grace ; And Ealeigh's spirit comes again To British hearts,— and British men The deep devoted feeling prove, Of mingled Io;-alty and love. As if to grace the maiden's reign, Steam speeds the news across the main ; The tidings to Virginia camo, In shorter time than she from whom Virginia has her name, could send A message to an Irish friend. Stern winter came-^the Lord was gone, And at his post was good Sir John ; And they whom beating could not teach, Whose hearts his men»y could not reach. Once more in mad rebellion rush'd Against him, — and again were crush'd. Our Council then the laws amended, A nd Judges were themselves suspended ; They held that our wise Council's laws Had a great hole, thro' which a deep And subtle advocate might creep. — Thro' the whole case the Council saw And sagely passed another law. Declaring, what the Judges call A hole, to be no hole at all. But members of the craft that we Held gifted with all purity. All learning and ail eloquence, All loyalty, and common sense—' I « fcis, hii 76 New Year's Address — 18^.0. Men whom we imps with reverence saw, On whom we cast our eyes with awo, Are now (Heav'n grant with little reason) / Suspected of the crime of treason ! This, — this, the hearts of devils breaks. And iron tearrt run down our cheeks ; Sobs choke our voice — but we must try Our sobs to chock, our eyes to dry : — The joj'ous season calls for joy. Gay thoughts all honest hearts employ. Bright be the prospects of the year To you, and all whom you hold dear, Kind generous Patrons: — all wo ask. Now that we've done our yearly task. Is, that you kindly take our hint. And deign to smilo on what toe print. And that we please you, Patrons all. We hope for Proof whene'er we call . All health, all joy, all peace be yours, The pride of pleasing you bo ours ! NEW YEAR'S ADDRESS. Qttebec Transcript, 1840. Behold another New Year's day :— Twelve changeful months have passed away Since first mm wrote for fame; To us your smiles have, as it passed. Made each a " Transcript " of the last, And welcome as it came, New Year's Address — 1840. 77 But what, kind Patrons, Hhall wo tako To be our theme to-day, and make The Kubject of our verse ? We ci.nnot ask ov/r Muse to bend To Politics, or condescend Its squabbles to rehearse. We hold the Politician's schemes, Lord Russell's plans, Lord Durham's dreams, But necessary evils ; Wo talk of them in proso sometimes, But in our hearts and in our rhymes, We're Literary Devils. y P W.: i 5'-« About them many make u fuss, But things like these appear to us To verge upon the stupid : We chant love ditties as we stroll, And each of us in heart and soul Is but an Inky Cupid. Our Ministers and Gracious Queen Each bent on " Union " now are seen. We like our Queen's the best ; And tho' we wish she could prefer A Briton to a Foreigner, We hold that union blest. Of those who think the otJier right And just and wise, we are not quite The foremost on the list ; And yet, we almost wish we were, For he who seeks to win the fair Must be a Unionist. '- '■ h. • ti k f i I 78 G. W. W. to M. K, 1840. Dear Readers, if " United, ' may Youi" joys increase each New Year's day ; And if your bliss be single, May such sweet Union soon be found That Love and Bliss in endless round Of hap})iness shall raingle. / Wo have a gentle wish ourselves, — But we ai'O all such modest elves That for our lives we cann't sue ; — If you can guess it we're delighted, — And Hfieen ugly pence " united " Make a most lovely trente sous. G. W. W. to M. K., 1H40. Remember us ever — remember Quebec, Remember its virtues, remember its faults : Remember our dance on the gay frigate's deck, Remember the people who taught you to waltz; Remember our pic-nics, remembei" our balls, Remember our moonlight quadrille at the Palls. Remember your taste of an Editor's evils, Remember the types and remember the press ; Remember the Transcript, remember its devils, Remember their neat lilUe New Year's address: Remember the pleasure of Mining the Vi. Remember your squabble with poor Mr. Y. Ilemomber St. Giles, and remember yc\\v blind. Remember our drive through the woods all in flame: Remember poor Memory, riding behind. Remember our horse and remember his name. ■'I i. . .,1: The Lady^a Answer. 79 Eemember Remember Remember Remember Remember Remember Remember Remember Remember Remember Remember Remember Remember Remember Remember Remember Remember Remember Remember Remember Miss Smith and the cows and the uheep, the river, remember poor Sweep. Anne Mocock, remember her face, the Elephant hung in her room; the Chaudiere, that picturesque place, the Etchemin bridge and the boom ; the rain's constant drizzle and mizzle, our wishing for something like swizzle. our ice, and remember our snow, the Marche-doncs, remember their skins ; our Towns, both Jibovo and below, the house whoi'e you dwelt for your sina : the evenings that in you've given, the reason we christened it " Heaven." , > your neighbors, your friends and well-wishers, the parties at which they all shone ; the Fletchers, the Lindsays and Fishers, the Natural Steps and the Cone : this Poem's delightfully clever; '-" us all and remember us ever. \ Inserted by permission. THE LADY'S ANSWER. I'll ne'er forget thee, dear Quebec, — thy clear, bright frosty days, I'll ne'er forget thy carioles, thy bark canoes or sleighs; I'll ne'er forget thy bitter cold that made our fingers tingle, I'll ne'er forget thy nice warm stoves, both double, dumb, and single. I'll ne'er forget thy gentlemen befurred up to the eyes, I'll ne'er forget the strange snowshoes that made them look such guys ; I'll ne'er forget thy martial men, the gallant volunteers ; i \ \i i (i \[ l'5| .Mil 1 ri ^ i ■!li'! il« 90 The Lculy'a Anttoer. ril ne'er forget the Artillery, Queen's Own or Engineers ; I'll ne'er forget a single star of all the varied throng ; I'll ne'er forget a single ball, a piunic, dance or song. I'll ne'er forget the dear abode of friends sincere and many, I'll ne'er forget the one I loved the very best of any : I'll ne'er forget to nioarn its fate, its destiny so cruel, I'll ne'er forget to grieve that it was turned at last to fuel ; I'll ne'er forget the «oir^(e« there, the gay, the merry joke, I'll ne'er forget *' The time I've lost," nor yet " The brave old Oak ; " I'll ne'er forget sweet Annie's voice, her song, ''They come, they come," I'll ne'er forget dear Harriet who always ** Loved to roam ; " I'll ne'er forget the witchery, the power of music mighty : I'll ne'er forget His Majesty " The King of Otaheiteo ;" I'll ne'er forget huw harmony entranced the list'ning ear, I'll ne'er forget how all encored my song, *' The Soldier's Tear ; '* I'll ne'er forget the Pleasant Mount, nor e'er the wedding-day, I'll ne'er forget the evening the bride was borne away ; I'll ne'er forget her happy smile, her graceful, gentle mien, I'll ne'er forget the company who graced the busy scene, I'll ne'er forget good, kind papa, who did our mirth partake, I'll ne'er forget, tho' last not least, the charming wedding-cake. I'll ne'er forget my own abode, — beyond St. John's I mean, I'll ne'er forget its charming site, or beautiful " wood-scene." I'll ne'er forget the troubles that as Editress I knew, I'll ne'er forget the kindly friend who always helped me through. I'll ne'er forget thee, Canada, the land that rapture wakes, I'll ne'er forget thy lovely falls, thy mountains or thy lakes; I'll ne'er forget thee, tho' I may not see thy beauty more, I'll ne'er forget in memory to visit oft thy shore. I'll ne'er forget you, oh, my friends, wherever I may be, I'll ne'er forget to hope that you will aye remember me. M. K., London, 1840. mi' An Ordinance respecting Albutnu. 81 . BAPTISMAL ADDRESS. To H. Z., a Boy. Your Godfather and Godmother, sweet Baby, Salute you with a joint eponsorial icisa; — They send you nothing else just now— but may be Their loving kindness will not end with this ; — If aught that's nice for ornament or pluy be Found in the town the chance thoy will not miss. So now, be very happy : — and do, pray bo Exceeding good, — in virtue place your bliss: And go to school betimes, and mind your book; Go twice a day to church, thro' shine or showers, At least until you get confirmed — for, look, Till then we pay for all your wicked hours. — If you must sin. pray sin on your own hook, And at your cost and peril, — not at ours. n : *ili AN ORDINANCE RESPECTING ALBUMS fs. 1840. Friendship calls her special coun- cil together. They pass an ordinance. When Friendship heard that Harriet meant To Hport an album, off she sent Her messengers to summon Wit, Wisdom and Poesy, to sit With Music and Design and Plan ('Twas thus the writ of summons ran) How the said Album should be filled By persons competently skilled. They came, the}' sat with due decorum, (Five just made Friendship's Council Quorum.) And after grave debate, at last The following ordinance was passed. it An Ordinance respecting Albums. i'f t I )« V- » Preamble. An inspector of contributions appointed. Certain articles prohibited. Proviso. An ordinnnce for tho protection Of Harriot's Album hy tW inspection -By some one competently skilled Of things with which it shall be filled. Whereas it hath boon represented, That Harriet Fletcher hath consented To keep t.ii Album which she sends For contribution to her friends, — And whereas it importoth much, The contributions should be such As ought in Albums to appear — We have in special council here. Ordained, enacted, and directed Each contribution be inspected By E. T. F., and be rejected, If when he comes to look it o'er He thinks he's seen its face before. And be it furthermore ordained That no admission shall be gained By any verses incomplete In decent, rhymes, or short of feet ; Or drawings, where a rose receives, A lily's stalk and poppy leaves. Or music which performance mars By disregarding time and bars : But, saving this, we will that all Be taken — if original : — Provided that each contribution Admitted to the Institution. For reading, looking at, 6r fiddling, Be classed as •' good " or " bad " or " middling " By the inspector, who shall brand Suob class upon it out of hand. Birthday Sonnet Love verses to nameless ladies prohibited. Proviso. And further, lliat as love in rhyme Is apt to wnstu his bruins and time, And fiachelors if lot alone Will rhyme upon no theme but one, And books of nameless Ladies full Are apt to be exceeding dull ; - It is ordained that none shall dare To write on love to any fair, Unless he prove his passion's strength By giving all her names at length. Provided always, and it is The true intent and sense of this, That it shall be th' Inspector's duty To find vast wisdom, wit and beauty, In each foregoing clause and line And brand this Ord'nance '^ Superjine." 83 '! 'Ml n n i.'i BIRTHDAY SONNET. To If. F. with Cotvper's Poems. A bard unmarried, Harriet, might, perchance, A volume of a warmer tone have sent, Some rhyme of love and passion, some romance < Of hope and fear and joy and rapture blent : Bat / have but an elder brother^ voice To wish thee years and hours of health and peace : And therefore for a Birthday gift my choice Hath fallen on one whose numbers never cea^e To praise our calmer joys, who was content With virtue for a theme, and wove a strain Whose grave rebuke or harmless merriment. 84 The Carrier^ a Addreaa^ 1847. Reproved or luughod ut vice and folly'H reign. Among the volumes which thy boudoir grace The Sofa'8 bard may hold a worthy place. 14 December, 1839. Most gentle Reader, — Was Cowper's CalviniHtic croud all right ? Was I predestined ore 1 saw the light To make and send th' above dulightf'ul sonnet? Were you foredoomed to smile or frown upon it ? Or did his creed err ^ THE CARRIERS ADDRESS. Quebec Gazette, ist January, 1847. Hark I once again the midnight chime, Hath given a solemn tongue to Time, And the last tone of yonder bell Hath bid the vanished year farewell ; Gone like all years before, and cast In the wide Gulf we call the Fast ! Yet that year's influence may extend Far hence to time's remotest end, And future good or ill may fix Its earliest root in " forty-six." Shall he have cause to grieve or laugh, Who writes the dead year's epitaph ? Let's see — Her Majesty the Queen (Whom may God prosper) hath not seen It fitting in this year to bless The Carrier's Adtlrea$, 1847. 85 John Bnll with Prince or with Prinooss. But yet we trust that bets are even, We've one or both in forty-seven. Princes, the King of France has thought, Are getting scarcer than they ought. And that the royal Crown of Spain, Might fit a Bourbon's head again ; So sends his sons to fetch the Bride, With hopes of Crown and wealth beside, And though the British Lion'n growl Somewhat disturbs the Gallic fowl, France bnives the storms that o'er hor lower And turns for comfort to the dower. — Cracow, the Autocrats agree, Had better be no longer free. And though the Lion threats hor foes And Gallia's Bird against them crows, Poor Cracow's glory's past away Till freedom hails a brighter day. Old Uncle Sam cares nought for this, Th' affair he thinks is none of his , And holds it very little odds Which way old Europe's *' balance " nods, Provided that same balance scheme Molest not his ambitious dream, And that no Prince or Queen assume a Bight to the Halls of Montezuma. For Uncle Sam hath modestly Besolved that these his own shall be. — Our '• balance " here is rather nice And may be upset in a trice ; Lord Elgin will not find two pins * ■: 1 'ii I- >i| Wm j: 1 m vj : ; ^m 11 mBs ik^mm % h ' I 1 86 ., i a The Carrier's Address, 1847' Of odds of weight' twixt outs and ins, So even do their chances seoin. That either yet may kick the beam. Much work (between ourselves and you) The gracious Lord will have to do ; And if he satisfies the claims Of every party, — if he names ., Men to each office, who shall be Prom all objection wholly free, — If he shall fill the public chest, By means that all shall hold the best, — If he to Parliament shall send Measures that all men shall commend, — Tf under him our troubles cease And jarring factions work in peace, — If on the " College question," he Shall get all interests to agree, — If Baldwin shall be hand and glove With Sherwood, — if Lafontaine move A vote of confidence in Draper And laud each Ministerial paper, — If Williams' verdict shall attest The Ministerial "Channel " best, And Armstrong own that none bat Turks Would vilify the Board of Works, — If GuoT shall praise with pen and tongue, Indite the praise of Colonel Younq, — If editors in Montreal Shall cease among themselves to brawl, Until our own old " Glorious John " Has nothing to comment upon, — He will, (we speak with all respect,) Do quite as much as we expect, \ If i The North Shore Railroad. 81 Patrons and friends, the bygone year, Hath left one little score to clear ; Through wind and rain, thro' cold and sun, Our weary round we've daily run, From north and south, from west and east, We've brought the intellectual feast : We hope some proof that not in vain, We've faced the wind, sun, cold and rain,— Some token that our work of love You've deigned to notice and approve. Carriers love Cash — We say no more ; We've proved your generous hearts before. And bright and blissful may your New Year be, From every care and every sorrow free ! — THE NOETH SHORE RAILROAD. '^ Quebec Gazette, i8jy. Dkar Mr. Editor. I know I have no right to appear in verse more than once a year, and that my time for this year is past ; but as I trudge through the streets distributing your invaluable lucubrations to every body, every body will talk to me about the Rail-road, and really the poetic lire within will consume me if I do not give it vent ; — pray print me then, and I will carry you about with double diligence. ' I am. Dear Mr. Editor, With profound respect, One of the humblest of your devils, A. B. C. What is it that awakes my lyre, And fills me with unwonted fire ? The thing to which all hopes aspire ; Our Rail-road, 88 The North Shore Railroad. Whnt's that on which we all agree, Old Nestor* within the " Journal " free, And Cauchon with the Mercury ? Our Bail-road. At whose success we'd all be glad, The Tory, moderate, or the rad, All sects and sorts (except the mad) — Our Eail-road. If" What will be far the surest plan, To keep us loyal to a man, And make us laugh as Jonathan ? Our Bail-road. What will the provinces unite, In real union, firm and tight, And keep us British and ail right ? Our Ball-road. What, if we don't the boon refuse, Will forward every body's views, And make us all as rich as jews ? Our Bail-road. What will convey our wood and grain At every season to the main. And bring us British goods again ? Our Bail-road. What will the rapid steam cars dash on To bring us London's newest fashion And gratify dear woman's passion ? Our BaiUroad. I most humbly crave your, pardon, Mr. Editor for this poetic license. New Yem'B Addreaa — 1849. What may perhaps do something more, And to mis-ased Qaebec restore The rank she held in days of yore ? * Our Eail-road. And then perchance it may befall, Onr t wives shall hear the pleasant call, To grace Lord Liberal's Castle Ball ! ^ .> Dear Rail-road ! Then let us heart and hand combine, And all in one great effort join, To urge this wonder-making line , . Of Rail-road. m NEW YEAR'S ADDRESS. » Pilot, 1849. Huzza ! for the Pilot that weathered the storm, — Huzza I for Lord Elgin— Huzza ! for Reform, — Huzza ! for our Ministers, honest and able, — Huzza ! for the measures they'll lay on the table, — Huzza I for the Session that's going to be, The Session the Province is longing to see. — Huzza ! for ourselves, who in prophecy bold. In our last New- Year's Rhyme, all this triumph foretold. Proving thus that in gifts, if no longer in name. The Poet and Prophet are ever the same. • The Seat of Government. t Another poetic license for me, Mr. Editor, but remember I shall be a rich man then (thanks to the Rail-road) and Lord Liberal may choose to forget I was a poor devil once, if he knows I was alwap an honest one. f • U! -H I H\ .4;,; '"•yi , I f: i 90 ^ Ij: New Year's Address— 1849. Huzza! for the friends that stood ^jteadily by us, — Huzza ! for Lamartine — Huzza I for Pope Piue, — Huzza! for the Banner of Freedom unfurl'd For the good of all nations, the weal of the world ; — Huzza! louder than all for our own native land, For its c) erful obedience to lawful command, For the best Constitution the world ever saw, — Huzza ! for the people, the Queen and the Law 1 And, huzza ! for the men that asifiist the attack Of the Communist's doctrine : — long live Cavaignac. We haven't got much, but we'd like to retain it, Not divide with the boys that did nothing to gain it, Nor sharing our New Year's emoluments sweet. With the first ragamulSSns we find in the street. But this is digression, — our present vocation Is to deal in poetical vaticination. The Session that's coming shall ever bo blest, As the longest, the wisest, the greatest, the best : Mr. Baldwin shall make all our Colleges flourish, LaFontaine shall justice and equity nourish, — Mr. Drummond all crimes shall detect and repress, Mr. Blake all abuses expose and redresH, — Mr. Morin shall charm ug with eloquent words, — Mr. Caron shall do the same thing in the Lords, — Mr. Leslie shall answer all questions and calls Mr. Merritt shall give us all kinds oi comawU, — Messrs. Cameron and Tach^ make bridges and roads, In all sorts of places, and all sorts of modes, — Mr. Yiger shall lessen our national debt — A thing that no tory has ever done yet, — Mr. Hincks shall make perfect our Bepresentation, Shall get us Free Trade too, and Free Navigation, — ^hall the duties impose in so charming a wa^, ,: .< New Year's Address — 18Ji9. 91 'Twill be bliss to receive thorn and pleasure to pay, — With such exquisite tact he the Tariff shall fill, It shall gladden John Glass and please Peter M'Gill ; — He shall issue Debentures (a marvellous thing), That shall pay themselves off with the profit they bring : Libel law shall amend that the Press may be free, And that men may write truth without fear of Gugee: — He shall make us all rich : — but if thus we run on, In foretelling his deeds, we shall never have done. -^ If you know what is good for our country, you know What he'll think, say, and do, and — Amen, be it so I Having thus drawn aside the dark curtain of State, And unveiled the designs of political fate — Having speechified from our poetical throne, Which we hold v.more'B the pity) for one day alone. We come to the point, which, in all ihronal speeches, The great end of Government touchingly teaches ; Tho' a point of vast import in few words it lies — " Dkar Ladies and Gentlemen orant us Supplies : " You know what the Carrier's necessities are, — We^ll accept of Debentures^ and take them at par ! 'I t I ■ 92 1 ! s . ■' .' ? '■- ■t f . • ' 'r. .1 1 ■j': r !'■' t ill I IVw Carrier's Carol— for 1849. THE CARRIER'S CAROL— FOR 1849. Quebec Gazette.* Amid the orash of thrones and flight of Kings, — The downfall of timc-honor'd thoaghts and things, — 'Mid violence bafliing freedom's brightest hope, — And the brave oflbrts of the libei-nl Pope ; — 'Mid Rebel outbreaks and the fiery gleam Of Towns bombarded, and Italia's dream Of adding one more nation to the list : — 'Mid Red Republican and Communist, — 'Mid democratic movements near and far, — And lurid portents of impending war. — A year hath passed and ended ; — heaven be praised. The withering storm hath yet but lightly grazed Our British Parent, while ourselves have gazed Untouched spectators of the wreck around, In tempered freedom safe, by love and duty bound I True, our funds are rather low, \ And Debentures do not go Quite so readily at par As we could have wished, — yet far Be it from our thoughts to grumble : In the universal tumble We have lost in cash and labors Less than many of our neighbors : That is the Province has — for we. Imps as we are known to be. With a deep affliction mourn O'er our lamented Patron's Urn ! f Would we could raise his cenotaph And there inscribe this Epitaph ! * See Notes, f John Neilsoii, The Carrier's Carol— for 1849. 93 THE EPITAPH. An honest man lies here, — not falsel}' biand, But kind in very deed and true in heart, * With unbought zeal who served our native land, And not for office played the Patriot's part. Wielding with easy power his trusty pen, Keen without gall, without un kindness free, His aim to raise and serve his fellow men, He tempered censure aye with courtesy. Our country weeps in him her sagest friend, The press its ancient ornament and pride ; — In us all mournful thoughts and feeling blend. Guide, friend and master lost when Neilson died. When in our final case we lie, Knocked out of form and into />t, May we a like impression leave ; Like proof of love may we receive, And inky Imps our praise rehearse, In honest if in rugged verse I But we must not be gloomy — the New Year is come. And the Session is coining, to make us all glad. For our Ministers (bless them 1), with trumpet and drum, Have proclaimed that they'll rid us of every thing bad, And will give us all good things, — a College, and Cash, And a new Judicature, no second-hand hash But a spic and span new one, — and free Navigation To make us a mighty magnificent nation. New Taxes, new Duties, new Corporation Of Cities and Boroughs, and new Registration ; — Of Post Office matters a new Begulation, New Districts, new Counties, pew Eepresentation, New School laws ensuring us Illumination, %\ 94 The Carrier' a Carol— for 1849. New Census Bills giving us now information, New schedules of Salaries, working vexation (With a salvo, of course, for their own preservation) To overpaid placemen, and great tribulation ; ^ New schemes for our Revenue's vast augmentation. For increasing industrious and sound population, By encouraging Settlement and Immigration, That is by addition and multiplication ; — And many more things that need verification I Don't we wish we may got them ? — no matter 1 we'll hope ; — Who'd have thought Reformation would come from the Pope? If they do all this good and remove all these evils, We'll all turn Responsible Government d Is ; We'll hurra for LaFontaine and Baldwin, — we'll take The oath of allegiance to Drummond and Blake, — We'll confess (as the Pilot apparently thinks) That there may be some good in our friend Mr. Hincks, We'll believe that there's virtue in Leslie and Price, And that Tachd and Cameron are free from a vice. Patrons, may the coming year Find and leave you happy here ; And, life ended, may you be Happy through eternity. Do you wish such happiness ? Seek your fellow men to bless. Would you, now that cash is rare, ?i Invest at interest high, yet fair ? — What's given to the poor is lent On better terms than cent per cent, — And on these terms poor way-worn elves, — We'll take a trifling loan ourselves. m :!l The Steam Excavator or Patent Irishman, THE STEAM EXCAVATOE OR PATENT IRISHMAN. The following poem, was wiitien expressly for a young gen- ileman ut Upper Cannda College, as an appendix to his Theme on this subject ; the Ode tho' not strictly Horatian, expresses my admiration of this Invoiiiion. I am proud to say that it obtained the applause of Dr. Scadding who marked it as " Good — " worthy of Hildebort." •^ AD EXOAVATOREM. O, Excavator nobilis I O, Machina mirabilis! Quae longe ante alias, is, * Potentior Hibernicis, In terram fodiendo I E patrifi Yankeornm. Venisti ut laborum Levamen sis nostrorum, £t versuum meorum, Tutamen in canendo ! Te pueri circumstantes. Te senes et infantes, Aspectu Jubilantes, Ingenio triumphantes, Laudabunt in videndo 1 Virtutes, quas narrare, Nee laudibus esquare, Nee versibus can tare, Non credo me prsestare, — Mirabor in silendo I (ii.l ^.1- • Ab " Eo." ^i 96 The Carrier's Chaunt—1850, « 'B Mi ! *■!: t THE CARBIEE'S OHAUNT. Quebec Gazette^ January, tSjo. Oh I had we a Pegasus willing and able, — We'd mount him and ride; but there's none in our stable. So we'll oen take a hint from balloon loving Gale, "Who proposes in search of poor Franklin to sail : Our balloon shall be made out of last year's Gazette. And our gas be the hope that you will not forget The poor Imps who have brought it you. (Thanks to our Mayor, We might get real gas if we'd coppers to spare.) And thus mounting on high, we at 'vantage may cast, A glance o'er the future, the present and past. We are up— we can see over all fortt-ninb, With its good deeds and bad, from the Pole to the Lino. Towards the future, dark clouds seem to limit our view. But with breaks here and there we shall try to peep through. We see anarchy nipping young Liberty's bud, And " baptizing the first birth of freedom in blood," Upsetting each landmark and tried constitution, And rejecting Beform to embrace Revolution. We see France preaching fraternization and hope To her brethren at Rome, and — restoring the Pope ! We see Christians engaging in butcher-like work, * j, And the victims of tyranny — saved by the Turk If We see Pestilence march with her death-flag unfurl'd Spreading fear and dismay o'er" three-fourths of the world, 'Till the Angel of Mei'cy came down to their aid . At the cry of the lands, and the Demon is stay'd; — Now the bright gleam of hope hath succeeded despair, u And man's gratitude breathes in thanksgiving and prayer. At the Holy Sepulcre ! f Kossuth, &c. SI 3. r Mayor, irough. rid, rer. The Carrier' a Chaunt- 1860. Why from Canada latit ? Hatli uhe none to oxpross ? Wax her strait not as sore ? Ih hor thunUugiving less ? But perhaps my Lord Eloin wuh waiting to »qq What his fate with the TorontowogiaiiH would bo. True, we've plagues enough left, but they're such as we may With a will and an effort sweep deftly uway ; And there's good with the bad :— Wliilc wo'jo up in the sky fioth the good and the bad we can readily spy, And as each meets our view we shall just jot it down ; — We can't handle the globe like Commissioner Brown. We see our ovation crown'd Governoi , who Is eggregi (o) U8 Professor of dignified — whew ! — With one hand he rewardetb ihe Eebels who tried Annexation by force in their indolent pride ; With the other chastiseth the men who are seen Humbly seeking the same thing by leave of the Queen : While Bbn-Holmbs, move consistent, resisted the force, But applaudeth the thing in its peaceable course !— We see our Responsibles handling the pelf, And each taking good care of his friends und himself. We see the five C's that embellish our City, Standing each for a Chiseller cunning and witty ; Chauvbau, Chabot and Cauchon, and Caron, — and then The great Chiseller of Chisellers, our own CITIZEN. * Number one is a turbulent, troublesome boy, But he's not a bad chisel— ask Circuit Judge Eoy. Number two's mode of working was clever tho' queer, For he chiselled himself in.to Chief Engineer ! Number three in a Pilot-boat followed the sport, 'Till he found himself out a snug berth in our Port. Number four most of all by his chiselling gains Getting lid of the work while the profit remains. • Robert Christie, Ksq. 7 1 . , i :> '' i i 1 'ml •kI * ^ m ■ I 98 The Carrier's Chaunt—1850. I' / ./' 4 1! ■['■*'» h-. i: i Number five on economy writoH, and on hihtory . With a certain gold pen about which thoro'n a mystery: Standing chief among OhiHollorH, uloof and alone, And doubling the pay of the Houhe— and his own. But there en revanche, Htandn our oxeollont Mayor, Our four times unanimous choice, whose good care Hath enlightened our City with Gas, and who sought her Health, safety and profit, by seeking for water; (Employing a Baldwin who hated a job, And HO differed in that from responsidlo Bob,) And hath tried party feeling and quarrels to smother Until cit should meet cit as a friend and a brother. We see annexation — But stop, through the oloud We've a glimpse of the future, — that future is proud. No stripe sullied flag doth our Citadel deck, But the Standard of Britain waves over Quebec; Montreal hath regained her old mercantile fame, And her sons have abandoned their errors and shame ; * Toronto gleams bright in prosperity's sun. And the trade of the West hath been tried for and won ; Of the tide of good luck the Kingstonians drink ; And the new seat of Government's — where do you think 7 We may not tell more,— but it has but one seat, (And that one in the place that's most fitting and meet) And no more like the softest of members is found Which between its two seats tumbles bump to the ground. And Lord Elgin is off— and all parties are tired Of bemiring each other, and getting bemired ; Even Editors argue, as Editors should, Not for argument's sake, but for Canada's good, And have found that a Country is little or great, Not bee .use it's a Colony, Province or State, • See Notes. The C^rrier'a Ckttimt—1860. 99 But that wUe ro«n attain tu the end thoy'ru pursuing, Not by tnlking or bogging, but thinih the stripes when tho stars are unfurl'd, And their flag may compote with the pride of the world ; With the red cross of Albion it then may go forth, As the banner of freedom, of wisdom and worth. Let them Winthrop elect and thoir Congress bhall bo The boast of Columbia, the hope of the free ; Let them list to his counsels, their Eagle shall rise With his pinions unfetter'd, and soar to the skies. I 1 1 . 1 ^ ■i I ind. And now again we rest on oarth And hear the sounds of human mirth : Seasonable sounds of glee. Laugh and jest and revelry. Hut cold and rough the wind doth blow And sharp the frost, and deep tho snow ; And many in winter's season rude Lack clothing, shelter, fire and food. Give then, ye rich ones, to the poor ; — The gift shall largo increase ensure, Returning thus your offered gold In blessings rich and manifold. Would ye for mercies numberless Your gratitude to Heaven express? The most acceptable thanksgiving, Is worthy, holy, Christian living ; ; u^-i . ■>.,■■ ,iJ ''iPl I« 100 The Little Exhibition of 1854- And of the Christian virtues three The chief and beat is charity. Better than penance, prayer or shrift, Is God'h delight, the cheerful gift I And don't forget, that cold and wet, Or faint with heat, the CARRIEE ooor, Hath toiled his way, from day to day, To bring your Neilson to your door, And Cometh now to wish you all good cheer, A merry Christmas, and a happy new year ! THE LITTLE EXHIBITION OP 1854. I r i A Riddle for M. P. P.'sof both Houses.* Sic vos Hon vobis — ViRc; : . f A little man did make a Gun, A very sorry thing, The barrel weak, the stock awry, A lock with crazy spring. And on the back side of the stock, A silver plate put he, Marked " eighteen hundred fifty-four " And " Fecit, L. T. D." He laid the Gun before the men Who judge of things like these, They thought it bad, and yet they wished, The little man to please. See Notes. \ :^ The Little Exhibition oj 185^ For twice before in vain he tried, The public prize to snatch, And three long years had toiled away, That luckless Gun to patch. They gently hinted, that they would For some good workmen send, — Who might in some particulars, Stock, lock, and barrel mend. 101 iU'^l So said, so done, — those workmen made A barrel sound and slick, A stock right good, of walnut wood, A lock as lightning quick. But on the backside of the stock, That plate you still may see. Marked '' eighteen hundred fifty-four " And " FecAi, L. T. D." The little man who feared the work, For hi8 might seem too good, Stiffened the lock, — the barrel scratched. And scraped the varnished wood. But still the thing was capital, A first rate shooting gun, The Judges gave the prize, — and all Applauded what they'd done. :i|;l: The little man he struts about, As any peacock proud, Parades the Gun, and shews the prize, "QxA boasts are long and loud, Ti'-ia : : f is rax. : m tiliil 1 u The Little Exhibition of 1864, If any man presume to douot, That his the work could be, He points unto that silver plate, And shews him " L. T. D." The skilful workmen are forgot, And few may know their name, Theirs was the work, — the little man's The profit and the fame. Interpretation Clause. Put " Bill " for " Gun,"— be wide awake,— Thou clever M. P. P. And tell me who the workmen were ? — And who was L. T. D— ? M. P. P. thinks a little and then guesses right. " Eureka " shout, — thou'st found it out, Thou cleverest of men ! — Kight well, I say, — in wordy fray. Thou'lt earn thy one pound ten I ilil The Carrier's Coalition Address. 103 THE CARRIER'S COALITION ADDRESS. Midnight, 18S4-S — Quebec Gazette. " God bless the master of this house, And mistress also ; And all the little children That round the table go ; With their pockets full of money, And their cellars full of beer — And God send you all a happy New Year. " Tolls that loud bell for fifty-four Or doth it welcome fifty-five ? Mourns it the year that is no more, Hails it the year that's now alive ? Mourns it for England's; France's brave ? Knells it o'er valour's early grave ? Or peals it cheerly through the night For Inkerman's all glorious fight? Tolls it for Elgin who is gone, And all the good he might have done ? Or greets it him who rules instead, Our untried, welcome, hopeful Head ? We cannot say — for good and evil Come now so mixed that we, the Devil, (Of the Gazette) can hardly say Whether we shall be grave or gay. • ■ We would, perhaps, McNab abide, If Drummond sat not by his side ; And charming Cayley might appear If Chabot were not quite so near ; if 1-i ' p I: t ! i \^ P! ':i.\ 3 I« Pi ■» ^ I 104 i 1 1 ■i I The Carrier's CocUition Addren. (How in silk gown so spruce and new "Will ho the Law-Bricklaying do ?) Macdonald would rejoice our sight If Morin sat not on his right: Bob Spence would far more pleasing show, Were he not linked with dull Ohauveau ; — E'en honest, jolly Smith looks cross, Clapped cheek by jowl with blundering Ross. Is there no chance our British men Should ever get their rights again ! Is Lower Canada so low, That her best man is P. Cbauveau ; Her lawyers so extremely small, That Drummond overtops them all ; In her wide confines is there not An engineer can beat Chabot; Is genius to her clime so foreign That her first specimen is Morin ? May her good freemen never hope, That one or two at least may sit In council, who mistrust the Pope, Nor cringe to Priest or Jesuit? Shall our good city never be Cleansed of that odious A. B. C. ? Yet there is one un mingled good — One shadowless and sunny spot, Smooth, cat like Bolph is out and gone, To pestle, pill and gallipot : — However bad the rest may be, * They are not half so bad as he. The C a/trier's Coalition Address. 105 Our rulers have three little Bills To prop their fame and cure our ills : They boast of Beciproclty And how they'll make the Yankees pay, But Jonathan's as 'cute as we, And that may turn the other way. They boast they've finished the Reserves, And well they may — but there, methinks, A greater gun the meed deserves, The great ten-thousand-ponnder Hincks.'" Whipp'd Lewis brags about his Bill. We might as well be told The patient made the Doctor's pill That cured him of his cold. He swallowed it — the thing was good — No man hath e'er gainsayed it. He swallowed wdl, but — * by the Bood, f He should'nt say he made it. '">- -i But truce to Ministerial tricks, And truce to dirty politics. And truce to in and out ; Apart from these the gentlemen Are just as good as nine in ten, And generous souls no doubt : So as their Poets Laureate, we Expect from them a double fee. * See Nctes. • t Note. — The Editor, a modest man, put this in,' — our own phrase was more energetic and our rhyme and metre quite as gootl ; hut the Editor thought it unpolite, and savouring too much of ' ' t.' Thb Devil, li ■ ! !..i 106 Address — Patriotic Fund. 1855. To them and all Happy Year, A cellar full of foaming beer And lots of Christmas Pies ; And if our budget you approve, Kind Patrons, then we humbly move You grant us the Supplies. Poor suppliants to your doors we come, Our Estimate's the usual sum, But yet. we would be glad, If, seeing beef and bread and wood Are very dear, you only should A moderate Bonus add ! ADDHESS. The Patriotic Fund Committee to their fellow citizens. Ye sons of Britain, Ireland, France, Whose brethren side by side advance Against the ruthless Cossack lance, And freedom's foe; The wives and orphans of the brave. Whose valour earned a soldier's grave, Appeal to yon to help and save From want and woe. For they who fell on Alma's height, Or Balaclava's hero fight, , Or died for froodom, God and right, At Inkermann, Stretched on the soldier's bloody bier, Bequeathdd you those they hold must dear, That you might dry the mourner's tear, ,. ^ As Christians can, ' - L- : Address — Patriotic Fund, 1865. tot Tour brethren strive on battlefield, Who best his country's arms shall wield, Who first shall force the foe to yield, Or bravely die : Strive ye, who first and best shall be In the great work of charity, To sooth by generous sympathy, The mourner's cry. By Erin's Harp and Shamrock green,— By bonnie Scotland's Tartan sheen, — By England's Bose, — by Britain's Queen, (Long may she live I) By the red cross your fathers bore To victory on every shore, By Gallia's glorious tricolor, — Give, — freely give. Give, — and so may the hallowed gold Return to you a hundred fold, And blessings and rewards untold. To you be given : To succour in their deep distress, The widow and the fatherless. Is virtue's purest happiness, Forecasting Heaven. — Quebec, l6th January, 1855. , ■' i.i; 1 ,1 ! J 'ti| ^ i; 108 H. M. Ephemeral Oovernment^ 1868. No. looo. — 1st Session, 6th Parliament, 21-2 Vi:tonm, i8j8, BILL. An Act to immortalize certain Membors of Her Majesty's Most Ephemeral Government. First Reading Monday, i6th August, 1858. Second and Third Reading instanter. Mr. V. Orrrn. Nena Sahib, Printer to the King of Delhi. i No. 1000.] BILL. [1868. An Act to immortalize certain Members of Her Majesty's Most Ephemeral Government.* FTTTB FIRST. 1. A pleasant game of Fox and Geese Was played by cerain famous men, 'Twas not in Egypt, Borne or Greece — We won't say where it was or when. 8. Baited with place and power and cash Sly Senard sot a cunning gin ; The leading Gander's soul was rash, And twelve great geese at once rushed in. 3. He might have caught at least a score, ^ . For all were eager to be taken, /,. Only the trap would hold no more, And so the small ones saved tfareir bacon. * See ^he Journals of Parliament of this date, and Notes, :il*'<-:;lli I H' M. JSphemercd Government^ 1868. 109 4. One curly gosling seemed to pout, And others' eyes the tears ran o'er in, That bigger geese should crowd them out, And that the trap would take no Mor'in. 5. ThoHe in the trap grow mighty proud, And little dreaming of disui>tert<, Strutted about and gabbled loud, And thought they were the Fox's Masters; 6. Not so the Fox — in merry mood He laughed to Bee the waddling rout ; He broke no bones, he drank no blood, But pulled their prettiest feathers out ; 7. He clipped their wings in Vulpine play. He spoilt their dream so fair and bright, Then turned them out to find their way Back to their pen as best they might. 8. Sweet pen I where they with brazen throats In oratory used to dabble, And daily gain their ninety groats By legislative noise and gabble. 9. Alas I the way is hard to find, And very rough ad rude the track, And many may be left behind And never, never more get back ! . ■1 ' <\l !; f i' •J ^'•'& ,:tn| :4y m m M' FTTTI SECOND. 10. Who played the Fox and who the Goose — lu that eventful time ? — Attend the answer of the muse In true and deathless rhyme. no H. M. Ephemeral Government. 1868. 11. The Pox a mystery remains, N'OMlNIS UMBRA STAT, And people puzzle hard their brains In guessing this and that. 12. Son;e think what seems the Fox's Head . Vice-regai honours wears; — While others hold that in their stead A lawyer's coif appears. 13. Some think him wrong, some think him right, (Those Quidnuncs of the Town) Some call him black— some call him white, But no one thinks him Brown. 14. The name of every goose he caught In print recorded was, In that great work which may be bought, Of Mister Desbarats. 16. And not among them all was seen A goose of orange hue, But some were rouge — tho' all were green, And now look very blue. 16. And one you'd think could never be Entrapped, — he looks so sage, And so deep read, — no doubt but he ' Enjoys a green old age. 17. The geese uncaught were of all hues, Including White, they say ; — , (Between the reader and the muse) The curly goose was Grey. , , I H. M. Ephemeral Government^ 1858. Ill 18. But there nre men of other creed Who hold the Pox a myth, Like Fellowes' voters, — or a. feed By Mr. Speaker Smith. 19. ThoHe think the Fox was love of power, And love of profit to, — And Dorion'H maxim for the hour, Was — tout est pour Lemieux : 20. In short that in ambition wrapped, Nought heeding wisdom's frown, Foley by folly was entrapped, And Brown by Brown done brown. t ' ' ' OONO L USION. 21. Thus was the game of Fox and Geese Played by those famous men : — They were in luck who saw the piece, It can't be played again. 22. Great geese, ere Agamennon reigned, No doubt the ancients saw ; — No tuneful Poet they obtained, And died by Nature's law. — 23. Our greater geese through every age, Like cocks of Gullia mat/ crow, Their names are writ on. Clio's page. NON OAaKNT][yATX SAORO. r ■ V 1 I."." I 1 >:. tj 5 M,:< , !«' vi 112 In Memortam. IN MEMOBIAM. 0/J Christ Church. Ottawa. 5th March, 187a. Dear Old Times— They arc pulling down Old Christ Church. It was not handsome certainly, Init it had memories attached to it which the new one cannot have. I, for one, cannot help feeling grieved ; and perhaps some lines in which I have tried to give expression to my grief, may find an echo in the heart of more than one old Bytownian : if you think so you may print them and oblige Your's most truly, lANE Farewell old Ohurob, where on my infant brow With solemn rite the rayslio sign was traced, And when my youthful fate renewed the vow, On my bowed head confirming hands were placed : Where first I shared the Ohristian feast divine. His flesh the bread, the atoning blood the wine : Before whose altar once I stood a bride, And where through many a year I knelt in prayer, A thoughtful wife, with children by my side, And on my Saviour oast my every care : Where over oNi the thrilling words were read, Which when the weary leave this scene of strife, Console the living, sanctify the dead. And tell of resurrection and of life. A fairer fane may rise to take thy place, Whose broader aisles ma}* own a statelier grace ; Through pictured windows richer light may stream On moulded architrave and sculptured beam ; \ From loftier tower the Sabbath bell be rung. By fuller choirs the swelling anthem sung : — These will be well — but no new church can be, What THOU hast been — thou dear old Church, to me. Ottawa Times, March 8th, 1872. See Notes. \J2. erlainly, for one, d to Hive one old NE. 1: er, Iftiv Christ Church— The Attack, 113 THK ATTACK. A f.ay hy a Layman. (AFTER TENNYSON) ["The Now Clirisl Church will contain ux hundred sittings"] — Repott oj the Building' CoininiiUc. I. Deop in debt, deep in debt, Deep in debt, deeply, — Swiftly to ruin'H brink Drift the uix hundred. " Build, build " the Rector said ; Fuint hearts they nil obeyed, Into the clutch of debt Sunk the six hundred. IL Now the foundation's laid, Wise men all stand dismayed ; But though the laity knew Some one had blundered , Their.s not to question why ? Theirs not to reason why ? Theirs but to pay and sigh : — Truly in slime of debt Crawled the six hundred. III. See all their purses bare, Filled now with nought but air, Paying the workmen there, 8 \\ i\ I,* ' ■} . ^l\ !«: % i 1 114 New Christ Church — The Attack. Paying an army, while All the world wondered : Plunged into carpets, glass, Grand organ, lamps, and gas ; Native and stranger, Sickened, discordant mass. Worn out and plundered : — Parsons are pleased, — but not, Not the six hundred. IV. Duns rough to right of ihem, Duns hard to left of them. Duns firm in front of them Threatened and thundered. Callous to writ and bill, Swallowing the bitter pill. Into the Bankrupt Court, Into the legal mill. Must go the six hundred. v.. , When will the debt be paid ? O the rash move they made ; All the world wondered. Pity the error made, Pity the poor betrayed. Hapless six hundred. R. J. W. /. New Christ Church — The Defence. 11& THE DEFEKCB. My Dear "Times'," — Today find tomorrow tho ladies offer us a Christmas Tree and other pleasant things in the base- ment story of Christ Church, and on Friday next, there is to be a very amusing entertainment, at Gowan's Hall. — both in aid of the Organ Fund of tho Church. Shall ihey fail ? St. Cecilia forbid I They must be a great success ; and as poets have Ji prescriptive right to bo prophets, I venture to send you a little poem about them in the prophetic spirit, as if written after tho event, but differing from that of another of your poets, vvlio, though a little severe, may have done us, (as I am bound to believe he intended to do), good service, by shewing us what debt might lead to. Ever yours, most truly, Mi:' 1 yHill: One op the Six Hundred. ■ it-:v I. " Deep in debt, deep in debt," — " Let not the thing be said," — " fiouso ye my faithful flock, " Up and repel the charge, " Faithful six hundred ; "— Thus our good Eector said, Cheerfully all obeyed ; Spurning the shame of debt, Rose the six hundred. II. All to their Christmas tree Thronged with such kindly glee. 116 I'-* |;!li 1* : 1 Jfeiv Christ Church — The Defence. Soon it was plain to see No one had blundered ; Theirs was the motive high, Theirs was the brave reply, Theirs was the noble cry, " Freely our help we'll give ; "— Worthy six hundred. III. Then came they one and all, Crowding to Gowan's Hall, Answering their Bector's call, Heaping their offerings while All the world wondered ; Clergy with laymen vied, Opening their purses wide, Swelling the golden tide ; Poor man and wealthy In feeling not sundered, Giving their best to God, All the six hundred. IV. Croakers to right of them, Croakers to left of them, Croakers in front of them. Vainly had thundered ; Strong in their sense of right Strong in their cause's might. Bravely they fought the fight. Freeing their Church from shame. From the reproach of debt. Generous six hundred. / New Christ Church— The Defence. 117 '^- 1 V. Glorious the effort made, Heavy the debt they paid, While the world wondered ; Praise we the victory won, Praise the work nobly done By the six hundred. ■*?■ Ottawa, December 16, 1873. '■•V '1 i >■■ i gn> H •hi ! I 118 Thule or Thtile. THULE OE THULE. The following letters, — inserted by permisHion. — throw some light op the composition of the poem in question, and they show too the interest which His Excellency took in the modest production of the Company's Muse, and that he was graciously pleased to " Read it by the light of kindness " " Through good nature's rosiest glasses," — an example which I trust the readers of my " Waifs " will loyally imitate. Ottawa, 8 June, 187t>. My Lord, If Your Excellency were only Governor General of Canada, I should perhaps doubt whether so dignified a personage as a Q. C. of rather ancient standing, might with propriety edit, or, having edited, offer for Your Excellency's acceptance the accom- panying trifle, — the first production of " The Thulo or Thule Passage at Arms Campanj' (Limited) " — of which I have the honor to be the Editor. Ejiut as the author of '' Letters from High Latitudes " and more especially of the famous Latin after dinner speech in Iceland, I cannot but hope that Your Excel- lency wiJl take some interest in our attempt to throw light upon what our Benedictine Friar calls " the weird mysterious Island's name," And Your Excellency, though not a member of the Company, is in some sort responsible for its formation, — for without The Ball, there would have been no Britannia among us, and without Britannia no " Passage at Arms," which was a real bond fide encounter of the wits of some of Your Excel- lency's faithful Canadian Lieges, the greater part of them being Thule or Thule. 119 of the Civil Sei'vice. In proof that one of us (Our Friar) is capable of higher things, I inclose a paper* which I had the honor of editing for him some time ago. I have the honor to be, with profound respect, Your Excellency's most obedient servant, G. W. WlOKSTlBD. ■t^i Government House, Ottawa, June 10th, 1876. My dear Wicksteed, I am really most obliged to you for having sent me such a charming jeu d' esprit. I only wish Lady Dutferin and I could have been by at the Passage of Arms thus happily rendered immortal. It would, however, have been as an humble spectator, as I should have hardly felt competent to engage in so learned a controversy. Yours sincerely. BUFFERIN. ■^Hi • Our I^rd at Bethany, by E. T. Fletcher. ! :t \ il ' ! ( l>u v. i '^W !ri 120 Ihule or Thule. THULE OR THULi:. {A PASSAGE AT AKMS IN RHYME.) Respectfully liedicated to Britannia. May farthest Thule obey thee. Tibi serviat ultima Thul^. THE ARGUMENT. (j. W. W. mentions in the course of conversation " Prin- cess of Thule.' A lady whose excellent impersonation of the character at the Great Fancy Ball, entitles her to be designu. ted as firitannia, thinks it should be " Thule, a place in Scot- land." G. W. W. very respectfullj' begs leave to diflFer. W. H. G. takes up his lance for Britannia and becomes her Knight, G. W. W. fights in his own defence and right. Each Knight mounts his Peerasus and couches his lance. First Trumpet sounds a Point of War. If any man respects his school, he Certainly will call it Thuld ;— But if he owns Britannia's rule, Why then perhaps he'll call it Thule. Second Trumpet answers. When Irish Celts follow the funeral car, Their grief finds expression in " shule, shule, agrah ! " " Oh Patsy ohone I and why did you, die ? " " Shule, shule, agrah," is their wailing cry. Whiskey and sorrow may make them unruly, 3ui never, oh never, will make thorn sav " Shule | '' Thule or Thule. . 121 Now Thule may, I think have a Celtic aflSnity, And escape from the rules of your worship's latinity ; So if I should bow to Britannia's decision, I may very well be on the side of precision ; If her trident won't serve her to govern a word, Why as to the waves, — it would be quite absurd. (W. H. G.) First Trumpet sounds again. Though Britannia's command of the waves may be great, It is very well know that she don't rule them straight ; And her feminine subjects too often complain. That she puts them to somewhat unwarranted pain ; So now, — with a semi-barbarian Celt Who wont let their names be pronounced as they're spelt, She conspires many amiable ladies to tease, And by cruel cur I Thule or Thule. 129 With Celts held frequent commune, and must go Still unconvinced. Let him the fact declare, If such their be: — I find none anywhere. How came the word in use? Where all is dark, Permit me hero to hazard the remark, That in the language of the ancient Finns, Whose history roiminates where ours begins, Tuli means " Fire." In old primeval days, Sailing far north, perhaps the sudden blaze Of Hecla flashed upon their wondering sight And tinged the sky with red volcanic light And thus the weird mysterious island's name Haply from these rude navigators came. And so, — a mere conjecture, — pardon me, — I finish with a Finnish theory. Brothers farewell. I hear the vesper bell That summons me to — Where I need not tell. God ye good den. Sit Dominus tutaraen. Laus Deo semper in excelsis. Amen. (E. T. F.) 77/« Queen of Beauty speaks ami makes her award. Now stop the strife;— let no more bones be broken. The contest s ended when the Church hath spoken ; Her word is law ;— for truth hath ever graced it. — And victory's crown must lest where she hath placed it. Yet a fair wreath shall gra( e the Celtic Knight, Who against fearful odds maintained the fight, And proved at least, Britannia may be right. Cease then to deal each other stalwart blows ; — Wipe, learned Pundit, thy sanguineous nose: . Sir Gilder, if in verse you tilt again, 9 ' \m h^ ■%. %. It Hi "I riii 130 Thuie or Thule. Do strive to put more purpose in your strain : And, Pedes, learn that Viigil's work sublime, Which you appeal to, — was not writ in Rhyme. And now let every angry feeling cease, Join hand in hand and kindly part in peace. I grieve the learned Friar could not wait, Lest he for Vespers should perhaps bo late ; — But I perceive without him we are eight ; And were he here, that holy man would tell us, "Nunc pede libero est pulsanda tcUus." Sound trumpets once again, — this time " the Lancers ; " Britannia and myself will both be dancers. And when that's done, I hold t'would not be bad, We sought our homesteads in a Galopade ! But first, — march past my throne, and, as you pass, Salute me in the words of Hudibras I TAey mate A past, saluting the Queen with " Madam, we do. as is our duty, " Honour the shadow of your shoe-tie," And bow before the Queen of Beauty. ' * " They dance the Laiuers. — For want of Laiiies the Puudit and School- master pair together, — and Pedes walks the figures with Sir Caledon. As they finally go off in the Gallop, the Friar looks at them from the window of his cell, and says: " Beati pacificatores. Amen." i Note. — The several portions of this little Epic, to which initials are appended, were really written by gentlemen whose initials they bear, at Ottawa, Quebec, or Montreal, without any understanding, collusion, or com- munication, except only of the portions preceding theirs respectively. In Memoriam Teniporum. IN MEMORIAM TEMPORUM. rs; 58, ami School- As they fhis cell, ami initials are ley bear, at ion, or com- ely. Farewell dear Times, Bray'n Vicar of the press, But not, alas! with his renowned success. He died a Vicar, thou by sad mishaj), Did'st die for lack of patronage and pap ! — Conservative, then Grit, and then again Conservative, became thj' pliant pen. — JSut as thou died'st repentant of thy schism, \ very Magdalen of journalism , V'e trust thou'st left non-j)a3nnjL'- work below, For that good place where virtuous journals go. I'd write thy Requiescat^ — but 1 fear That super-protestant religious sneer Would call it '• praying for the dead " — and hope I had not quite gone over to the Pope ; And mix me up in that unseemly brawl, Where Christian priests, unmindful of St. Paul And of the poet's bitter couplet,* call Each other ugly names, and each in turn Inclines to think his brother priest nmst burn Hereafter, — not remembering that of three Great virtues, far the first is Charity. How shall I miss thee at my morning meal, — How at my noon-day lunch thine absence feel ; And how, when weary to my couch I creep, Without thy leaded leader shall I sleep ? " Christiani- have burnt each other quite persu.ided " That all the Apostles would have done as they did." — Byron. ; 1] '1 w 1 !w|, i: i t :\ f: :• I 1 ■' 1 JH t.^i. lit Special Notices of. Motions. Besurqas; — may'st thou rise again and find A farger patronage, more rich, more kind, Perchance another name ; — as Bytown died * And rose as Ottawa, the crown and pride Of the Dominion, so thy poet's rhymes Vaticinate that thou as the "New Time-," Shalt like a Phoenix rise, and by that name Mount the very peak of wealth and fame I W. 4th Session, jrd Parliament, 40 Victona, 1877. SPECIAL NOTICES OF MOTIONS. April Slat, j Mr. Neutral (rVcy— Leave to bring in IStT. I the following Bill:— An Act to amend some musty old laws, Contained in some fusty old sayings and saws. W HEEBAS— An ancient proverb, heretofore held right, Declares two blacks can never make one white ; And as this saying has of late been spoiled Of its old force, by party spirit's might ; As both sides handled pitch and were de- filed, Preamble: HANSARD,9th April, l8>7. : \ 'a i 1 i 1 p if! ill i life;, .* ■r ,1 ill • Being of a less diffusive turn than Ottawa's worthy Laureate, Mr. Lett, I, some time ago summed up the pre-Ottawaite history of the city in this brief and alliterative — Epitaph on Bytown. > " Bytown was built by By — butby-and-by — Both By and Bytown died, so bye-bye By. " Ana' sec Notes. 10 15 20 Special Notices of Motions. 133 And the good Commons voted one was white, The seventy-two rejoining, " Scriptures II. Kings, show '^' ^' Who left a Prophet's presence white as snow." As none decide where parties disagree, Committees sticking fast at C. A. V. ; As law and practice should agree in one, And nothing be required that cann't bo done; Her Majesty, considering the facts, With Senate and with Commons thus enacts : — 1. When either party does a deed of shame, The other side may rightly do the same. Mutual Whitewash. 2< The atoning rule's reversed, and he alone Stoning rule Who's black himself shall cast the foremost "reversed. stone. 8< The Independence Act is so amended, -j y ^ ^^ That these provisions shall be with it amended. blended. 4. May briefly cite this Act, whoever will, Short Title. By its short title of " The Whitewash Bill. \ 26 Mr. VerdatU Green will move in amendment to strike out all the words after •' enpcts " to " blended " inclusive, and insert : — 30 All now offenders shall be pardoned when This Act is law, and held as blameless men And most Immaculate Commoners ; but then, With this proviso, " Don't do so again." — ^ ■Vi : •« f 1 i % • m i' fi •ti if?*! is' J m k % !' '' r ' 1 ; ^^- ■1 . ■ , ■ 'ii\ ,, 1 '■ :i ;' 1 , |!,: ■I ■ 1 1 • i t • j i i i i : 1 ' ' ? i ; i ■ M ■ { i i i| ,; ; • 1' V Vv*"-' I i / 1 i i (r ■ i5! 134 Third Parliament— Fourth Session. Mr. Deep Black will move in amendment to the amendment, to strike out " n't," in the last line. "■ Who can come in and say that I mean him, When such u one as he, such is his neighbour. Thinking that I mean him, but therein suits His folly to the mettle of my speech. — Let me see wherein My tongue hath wronged him: — if it do him right, Then he hath wronged himself; — if he be free, Why then my taxing like a wild goose flees. Unclaimed of any man." Shakkspeare— v^j You Like It ; Act. II., See. VII. THIRD. PARLIAMENT-FOURTH SESSION. Scene the Last — The Coup d'JStat.* The members meet — the Speaker in the chair : jEmilius holds a paper with the air Of one who knows a thing or two ; the House Attentive sits ; all quiet as a mouse : — " Sir, our report on some election cases," — The members rise e. pectant in their places ; The Speaker takes it, hand it to the Clerk, Who, standing up, reads half a line, when, — hark ! , ,; A knock I " Admit the messenger " — no more : The mace is shouldered, and the session's o'er. Sir John protesting, does not see the joke, But his indignant protest ends in smoke. When Monsieur Frenchman, smiling, cries " Ha I ha ! *' Cela s'appelle un fameux ooup D fexAT." A. P. Ottawa Citizen of 4th May, 1887. ._. * S(e Notes, , ^ ' , , The Qtveen's Birthday, 1878. THE QUEEN'S JIETHDAY, 1878. Toast attd National Anthem. THB QUEEN. 186 •H i*!ft Tho Queen, — this day around the world As westward rolls the sun, The British flag shall float unfurl'd, The British cheer shall run, To her, — the great, the wise, the good. The Sovereign of the free, — Each true heart warmed by British blood Vows deep fidelity. In Her, — our glory and delight, We own a right divine : We'd pour our blood for her in fight, We pledge her in our wine. Then fill tho goblet hig'i, — to shrink Were ungallant and mean. As men we to the Lady drink, — As Britons to the Queen. The Queen,— beneath her gentle sway, With equal rights and laws. May all her subjects truly say. They own one common cause ; That cause the common good of all, Who are and who have been Beady alike to stand or fall With England and the Queen, ■■ '■ ' if ^M. i '■'' ' K i '''hi • ' ' m ; r ''-11 ■' m .'.in, so Vansittart told The Kegent, were as good as gold."* And ihori I funcied mywelf at a roproMentation of tlio '' P'^-a- foro,"," and Little Buttercup "mixed up" the Ffg Bii*'y v^lth the others, and she and Captain Corcoran snii;;^ '♦.<) tiunouB l/' But it occured also to me, that perV.ipa our bank-law reformers are for amending in the wrOig place, when they make the security of the bank r<>te thuir main object. There has been very little, if any, eventual loss on the notes of failing banks. The losses have fallen mainly on the shareholders, and have been occasioned by defaulting and unfaithfVil or negligent offi« cers or directors, and for these, a hi'^her standard of morality, a , 1 r . il Iff'' *' MJ'- \ i^K '\ ' '^B'* . 1 Hi 1 1 t :.'i. .,1* . m n 'mm ■■ ■ '" Ki<- ' \k M''-' ^i 1 in r ! 1 ,i* '• "^,, Ifi Sir George C artier and the Civil Code. sterner nense of duty, and a strong public opinion, are the best, if not the only remedies " You yourself have said it, And it's greatly to your credit,' ., that you have done so. Yours with profound respect. AntiJiag, SIR GEORGE CARTIER AND THE CIVIL CODE.* Canada Law Journal, i April, 1885. We have been reminded pleasantly, but a little reproach- fully, that our columns have never contained a tribute to the memory of the late Sir George Cartier, an eminent statesman and lawyer, under whose auspices, as Attorney-General for Lower Canada, the Civil Code of that Province — the first work of the kind ever attempted in Canada— was projected, drafted, and brought into force ns law in 1866. A lawyer who loved his pro- fession and its professors, and its supporters too, for his favou- rite toast at a Bar dinnei- was '' The Client," adding u few words in praise of that always welcome personnage. We are going to try to remedy this omission in our present number by the insertion of two articles, the first by a hand which will not besupected of flattery, and the other by an old and valued contributor of ours, a lover of our deceased brother in the law, the most English of French Canadians, — nn Englishman speak- ing French. • * See Notes. Sir George Cartier atui the Civil Code. 143 The first extract, taken from a recent issue of T/tg Week, is as follows : — Sir George Cartier, whose statute was unveiled the other day by his old friend and colleague, .Sir John Macdonald, may be classed among the best representatives of French Canadians. More perhaps than any other of our public men he combined in his own person the theoretical and the practical Reformer. In his career were seen strong marks of the rude transition from the oligarchical to the constitutional system. Against the former, at an age when the blood is hot and wisdom young, he fought at St. Denis, where dlscip/ine prevailed over ill-armed enthusiasm ; and he found refuge in exile with a price upon his head. The belief was for some time general, that in his attempt to es;ape he had perished miserably in the woods. Exile did not sour his temper, and when, the storm having blown over, he returned, no one was jealous of the distinguished young a Ivocate, who was only known for the hair-brained adventure in which he had taken part, and in which nothing but defeat had ever been possible ; and no one in his wildest dreams saw in the returned exile the future Premier, nc one had any interest in curbing his ambition and holding him back. Cartier did not, like Papi- neau, in 1848, look to France for a model ; he accepted in good faith the new C(mstitution, and determined to make the best of it. The redeeming jioint in the Conquest of 1760 was, in his estimation, that it saved Canada from the misery and the infamies of the French Revolution. Though he bore his part in carrying the leading measures of his time, Cartier's best monument is to be found in the Code of Civil Law and the Code of Procedure : a code common to the whole country was an achievement impossible to our public men. In the first he saw the individuality and the nationality of his race and his Province. He used to say, half in jest and half in earnest, though he could not seriously have believed the prediction, that Ontario would one day borrow the civil code from her French neighbour. A French- speaking Englishman, as he would on occasion call himself, he settled in favour of his race the long-contested question of which law should prevail in the Eastern Townships, French or English, with the result that the French population which was before gaining ground, bids fair entirely to swamp the English in a regior where Lord John Russell thought it desirable to brild up a rampart of English colonists between the French settlements and the American frontier : a project founded on a state of things which has entirely passed away. Judicial decentralization in Quebec was one of Cartier's most difficult achievements ; the local opposition aroused by divi- M« U 'I 144 S&r George Cartier Mid the Civil Code. ding the Province into nineteen new judicial districts being of the most for- midable nature. When in 1857 he succeeded Dr. Tache as leader of the Conservatives of Lower Canada, Cartier breaking through the narrow limits of party, took two Liberals, M. Sicotte and M. Belleau, into the Cabinet, and made overtures to M. Dorion which the Liberal Chief was not able to accept. On the Lysons Militia Bill his immediate followers, yielding to vague fears among their constituents of the conscription, not less than the great increase of expense, deserted in numbers, leaving him with only a small minority at his back. A good Catholic, he had yet the courage to defend the rights of the State against the encroachments of Bishop Bourget, at a time when the Bishop's influence was omnipotent ; an act of duty which cost him his seat for Montreal. He saw the beginning and the end of the Legislative Union which he cordially accepted and assisted in working, and which when it had served its purpose he was among the first to assist in superseding by the Confederation. Whatever success he attained was due in a large measure to hard lalx)ur and perseverance ; for the first fifteen years of his public life he was, when not disturbed, as he was often, chained to his desk fifteen hours a day ; and for thirty years fancied that to get through his task he must labour seven days a week. The other article appeared as a letter in an Ottawa paper some weeks 8i nee : — 1 Two Ministers, who had been his colleagues and knew him well, spoke at the unveiling of the statute of the late Sir George Cartier, and eloquently and lovingly eulogized his qualities as a statesman and the great services he ren- dered to our country ; and he deserved their praise, for no man ever worked more earnestly and impartially for the welfare of Canada and of Canadians of every race and creed. Here in Ottawa he will be long remembered for his kindly geniality ; and very many of our citizens and visitors will recol- lect the pleasant evenings at his house on Metcalfe street, when arran- ging his guests in make-believe canoes, with make-believe paddles in their hands, he would sing and make them join in his favourite boat song, with the refrain of which Sir John, in concluding his speech, so happily apostrophised his old friend and colleague. I feel sure that they, and all who knew Sir George, will join Sir John in saying from their hearts as I do — " II a longtemps que je.t'aime, Jamais je ne t'oublierai." li if:: most for- er of the limits of jinet, and t able to ieUling to than the Lh only a :ourage to 3 Bourget, duty which end of the )rking, and to assist in d was due Wteen years ained to his through his wa paper Sir George Cartier I'nd the Civil Code. Not through the statue which his country's love Math to his honour raised, hut through the deeds And qualities which won that love, shall he, The patriot whom we mourn, forever live In true Canadian hearts of every race. And chiefly through his strong and steadfast will That difference of race, or creed or tongue, Should not divide Canadians, but that all Should be one people striving for one end. The common good of all. His country stretched From Louisbourg to far Vancouver's Isle, And claimed and had his patriot love and care. And thus he won a high and honoured place Among the worthiest of his name and race. G. W. VV. 145 *tv m well, spoke xjuently and ices he ren- ever worked f Canadians mbered for will recol- when arran- es in their song, with postrophised knew Sir ':£- •• <■.:■■■ ■ , : ..)•!• " ■ ( i ■Alt m 10 146 La Status de Cartief. LA STATUE DE CA^TIER. iitt 1^; m^ Voyez, dans ce bronze fidele, Fait pour triompher des autans, Celui qui servait de moddle Auz patriotes de son tempa ! II reparait, superbe dans sa force, Dressant un front qui n'a jamais plie. CcBur g^nereux, " chene a la rude ecorco," Le Canadien ne I'a pas oublid, Ne Ta pas oubli4 ! Yenu de I'epoque lointaino Oti rintrigueoppriraait le droit, Get h^ritier de Lafontaine Nous affranchit d'un joug dtroit. Grand ouvrier dans la tfiche commune, Avec ardeur il a sacrifi^ Sant^, repos, et bonhenr et fortune. Le Canadien ne I'a pas oubli^. Ne I'a pas oublie I Le souci de la politique N'altera jamais sa gaite, ' Souvent la verve podtique Chez lui brillait en liberty. Et, bout en train, type de Jean-Baptiste, Comme il chantait 1 'amour et I'amiti^ ! L'humble couplet nous rdv^le un artiste. Le Canadien ne I'a pas oublid, Ne I'a pas oubliS I Cartier's Statue. CARTIERS STATUE. ^n.K Here in enduring bronze Proof against time and stornij Stands he, *' Ihe mark und glass " Of patriots of his time ! A head to frame his country's laws, A brow that never blanched with fear, A generous man,— a " rough burked oak." Whom Canada has not forgot, Will not forget! Born in that long past time When intrigue baffled right ; True heir of Lafontaine He broke our galling yoke. Brave toiler for the common good, Without regret he sacrificed Health, pleasure, fortune, rest. Him Canada has not forgot, Will not forget ! The wearing v^ares of state Checked not his gaiety ; His pleasant strains of verse Flowed often bright and free. And once set off, true type of Jean-Baptiste, How well he sang of love and friendship's charm ; His modest rhymes t'ae artist's skill I'evoal, Whom Canada has not forgot, Will not forget ! W^M Ml: i: !i |: r-^'^- i«i*. 148 La Stattie de Cartier. Prds des souvenirs que j'honore, , Son image est dans ma maison ; II convient d'applaudir encore Son esprit ferme et sa raison. A ]a jeunesse il enseigno I'histoire, Car son dostin fut le plus enviS. Nous I'avons mis au temple de memoire. Le Canadien ne I'a pas oublid Ne Ta pas oublie ! Bbnjamin Sulte. Ottawa, Janvier 1885. (,U ll\^ Cartier^a Statue. 149 'Mid treasures highest prized, His portrait decks my home ; Good is it that we love to praise His steadfast will, by reason ruled. His story teaches virtue to our youth, For his the path that all should strive to tread In memory's temple still ho lives enshrined. Him Canada has not forgot, Will not forget I G. W. W. m Mr' itf . ili l!« 'i , i ■!;'!r ' ^ 'M : ■■•r^l^ifi 'I 'i:". 1 ! I .Hii ' iili'i! iS'ii li: Fors I'ffonneur. FOES L'HONNEUE.* C'est par un soil* huinide et ti'iste de I'automne. Dans les plis dn brouillard, ]a plainte monotone Du St.-Laurent se mele aux murmuves confus Des chenes et des pins dont les domos touffus Gouronncnt les hauteurs de I'ile Sainte-H^lene. Au loin tout est Ingnbre ; on sent coramo une haleine Do mort flotter partout dans I'air froid de la nuit. Au zenith nuageux pasun astre ne luit. Tout devrait reposer; pourtant, sur I'iie sombre. A certaines lueurs qui so meuvent dans I'orabro. On croirait entrevoir, vaguemont dessines. — Groupes mysterieux partout dissemin^s, Et se sen-ant la main avec des airs funebres, Corame des spectres noirs roder dans les tenebres. Tout a coup, sur le fond estompd des massifs, Et teignant d'or lo f&t des vieux ormes pensifs, Dans les petillements attises par la brisc, Et les craquements sourds du bois sec qui se brise. Eclatent les rongeurs d'un immense brasier Prenant pour piedestal Taffut d'un obusier; Un homme, au meme instant, domino la clairiere : A son aspect, un bruit de fanfare guerriere Eetentit; du tambour les lointains roulements Se confondent avec les brefs commandements Qui prompts et saccades, se croisent dans I'espace. Place I c'est la ruraeur d'un bataillon qui passe. Un autre bataillon le suit, et, tour a tour, ^ On voit les regiments former leurs rangs autour Du rougeoyant brasier dont les lueurs troublantes Eclairent vaguement ces masses ambulantes, A chaque ba'ionnette allumant un eclair. * See Notes, All lost but Honour. 151 ALL LOST BUT HONOUR. Wet, dark and ciad comes on the autumn night ; Through the thick mist the river'n murmuring sound Blends with the rustling of the oaks and pines Crowning St. Helen's Isle ; and far and near The landscape saddens, and the heavy air In the chill night feels as if charged with death. No star the zenith brightens, and o'er all Quiet should reign : but on the sombre Isle Faint, wavering lights that flicker in the dark, Make dimly visible mysterious groups Scattered around with clasped hands as if Black spectres moved about in darkness there. Sudden against the back ground of thick woods, And tipping as with gold the pendent elms, Amid the rustling sound of rising wind And crackling as of dry wood breaking up, Burst forth bright flames as from a furnace based Upon the broad black carriage of a gun : A man stands forth and dominates the scene, On whose appearing warlike sounds are heard ; The distant roll of drums blends with the brief Prompt, sharp command ; — Make room ! — They come, Battalions followed by battalions pass ; Each following each the regiments surround The glowing furnace whose bright flames illume The moving mass, until each bayonet seems To bear the lightning's flash upon its point. ,- im n:|||i ?i|: \ ■] '},*'i ' ' I '3 M I '". ] ui n. P I f 1 n 152 /'or« I'Honneur. Alorn, couvrant le bruit, un timbro m&le ot clair, Ou vibro jo no huIm quel trotnblement faroucho, Eesonne, et vopet^s tout baa do boucho en boucho, Parmi los cliquetit*, los clamours ot lo vont, ». Laisso tomber cos mots : — — Los drapertux on avant I ArretonB.nouH devant cette page d'histoire. ■'- .= * ■ , Nos conquerants ^taient maitroH du torritoire. Cerne dans Montreal, lo marqnis de Yaudreuil, Apres plus de sept ans de luttos et de deuil, Apres plus de sept ans de gloire et de souft'rance, No voyant arriver aucun secours de Prance. Le d^scspoir au coeur, avait capitul^. L'orgueilloux ennomi mdme avait stipule, , , — La rouireur a ma jouo, h^las ! on monte encore, — Quo lo lendumain mSmo, au lover de I'aurore, Nos defonseurs, parquea comme de vils troupeaux, Au general anglais romettraient lours drapeaux. Lours drapeaux !... Cos drapeaux dont le pli fier et libra Durant un siecle avait soutenu I'equilibre Contre lo raondo entier, sur tout un continent! Cos drapeaux dont le vol encore tout frissonnant . Du choc prodigieux des grands tournois ^piques, . .,, Cent ans avait jete, des poles aux tropiques, , , Son ombre gloriouse au front des bataillons I o • 'yi Cos drapeaux dont chacun des sublimes haillons, Noir do poudre, rougi de sang, couvert de gloire, Cucbait dans ses lambeaux quelque nom de victoire I Cos Standards poudroux qui naguere, la-bas, Sous los murs do Quebec, avaiont de cent combats Couronne lo dernier d'un triomphe supremo ! Cos insignes sacres, 11 fallait, le soir mdme. \ ( All lost hut flanour. Then rises o'er the tumult clear and stern A voice that all obey, and the command From mouth to mouth repeated, sounds above The clamour of the crowd and roar of wind : — '* The colours to the Front I "— And briefly scan a page of history. Here let us pause Our conquerors were masters of the ground ; — Close pent in Montreal, the brave Vaudreuil, After seven years of glory and of suffering, Seeing no hope of succour sent by France. [{ear^broken by despair, capitulated ; And the proud enemy had stipulated, (Shame makes my cheek burn while I mention it) That on the following morn, at break of day, Our brave defenders, penned like timid sheep, Should into English hands deliver up Their colours — colours whose folds proud and free, Had foi a century held their own against A world in arms, throughout a continent I Whose onward sweep, still bearing the impress Of the great epic contests of the past. During a hundred years, from pole to line, Bore them in front of conquering battalions ; And upon every glorious rag of which, Blackened by powder, red with blood, was stamped The proud memorial of some victory ! Those colours, battle-stained, which at Quebec Had left the latest of a hundred fights Triumphantly, — to them there naust be Ba|4 ■■vl: :'«' I*'t if. 154 foTH rHoniwur, |! L«ur fuire pour toujoui'K d'liumiliuntri adieux \ Indignd, r^volt^ par ce pacte odieux, Ldvis, ce dernier pieux de la grnnde ^pop^e, Le regard mena^unt la main Bur son dp^e, S'dtait levd soudain, et sans long argument, Contro Tinsulto avait protest^ fldromeiit. Vingt mille Anglais Kont la qui campunl dnns la plaine, Lui n'ii plus qu'un debris d'nrm^o A Sainto H^Une: N'importe ! les soldats frnnqftis out hu jadis Plus d'une fois combattro et voincre un contre dix I La Prance, indiff(6i ente, au sort nous nbandonno : N'importe encore ! on raeurt quand le devoir I'ordonne ! II veut, sans compromis, r^sister jusqu'au bout. ll'se retirora dans I'ilo, et la, debout A son poste, en h^ros luttera sans relache. — Dans mes rangs, disait-il, il nest pas un seul Ifiche! Ne prdtez pas la main A ce honteux raarchd ; Je puis, huit jours au raoins, dans mon camp retranchd, Avec mes bataillons tonir tete A I'orage; ■ Et si la Franco encor, trompant notre courage, Refuse d'ici lA le secours implord, Dans un combat fatal, sanglant, d^^ec^p^r^, Tragique d^nodimcnt d'une antique quorelle. Nous saurons lui montrer commtMit on meurt pour elle Yaudreuil signa pourtant. Refuser d'ob^ir, C'dtait plus que de braver la mort, c'etait trahir. — Trahir 1 avait pensd le guerrier sans reproche... ^ Et c'est lui, qui dans I'ombre, avant que I'aube approche, A ses Boldats dmus, dans la nuit se mouvant, Avait jet^ ce cri ; — Les drapeaux en avant 1 ^Uait-il les livrer? Allait-il, A I » face f All lost hut Honour, m That night, with shatno and grief a last adieu I Indignant at the odious compromiBO, L^viH, the truest knight of that dark time, Fire in his eyes, his hand upon his sword, Bose sudden, and without long argument Against the insult proudly made protest. Upon the plain were twenty thousand foes Encamped ; — the ruins of an army all He hud upon St. Helen's Isle ; — no matter, — Soldiers of France had often fought before With ten to one against them, — and had won. If France uncaring leaves us to our fate, No matter still, — We die when duty calls. His voice was for resistance to the death : Withdrawing to the Island, there would he Stand firm and fight, a hero to the last. Within my ranks no coward can be found I Yield not one jot to this contract of shame. I can, eight days at least, in camp entrenched With my brave comrades stand against the storm ; And then, if France deceiving our fond hope, Still fails to send the succour we implore, In one great battle, bloody, desperate, The tragic closing of an ancient feud. We'll show her we know how to die for her." Yet Yaudreuil signed. Refusal to obey Were worse than death — were treason to his chief; So thought our warrior irreproachable, — And in the dark hours that precede the dawn. He to his soldiers stirring in the night Gave that command, — " The colours to the fiont I " To give them up ? Would he before the eves I 1*1^ W' •■* , 16C For a V Honnenr. J*'*;* De seH vieux compagnons — honte que rien ii'efface — Souiller pon ecusson d'un opprobre eternel ? On attendait navr6 le moment solennol. LSvis s'avance alors. Dans son oeil energique, Oil le feu du brasier met un reflet tragique, Malgr^ son calme, on sent trembler un pleur brtilant. Vers les drapeaux en deuil I'homme marche a pas lent, Et, pendant que la main do I'histoiro bnrine, Lui, les deux bras croisessur sa vaste poitrine, Devant ces fiers lambeaux ou tant de gloire u lui, Longtemps et fixement regarde devant lui. Dans le fond do son coeur il ^voquait suns ooute, Tous les morts g^nereux oublies sur la route. Oil, le pli tout baignS de reflets eclatanls, Ces guidons glorieux marchaicnt depuis cent ans. Enfin, comme s'il eut entendu leur r^ponse, Pendant t NOTES TO THE FOREGOING WAIFS. These notes are repenteti without alteration from the copy of the Waikr printed in Nov., 1887, and must therefore be read as written and spealting at that date, and not at that cf the pre* tent Reprint. Apology. — Page viii. Some of my readers may not know the short poem in question or its tragic sequel : — The words are " When taken, to be well shaken." The attendant, not having graduated under Miss Nightingale, applies them to the patient instead of to the physic. The Doctor inquires after the effect of his prescription and learns the fact ; the cons quence is dramatically told in the following dialogue : What ! shake a patient, man ;— a shake won't do. — No, Sir, and so we gave him two. — Two shakes, — Odd's curse. 'Twould make a patient worse ! It did so, Sir, and so a third we tried. Well, and what then ? — Then, Sir, my master died. The poem was short and clear ; but the clearest and best writings are liable to misinterpretation. Think of Galileo, and of the authority adduced for bishop* burning and the Inquisition. Even my Waifs might be misinterpreted, but for the great intelligence and kindness of my readers. « Thou England art ht Countrt and hy Homk." — Page 10. This was written fifty-seven years ago. Since then I have been constantly resident in this Country, and have learned " not to love England less, but to love Canada more." I married in Canada, and my children are Canadians by birth. I was born at Liverpool, in December, 1799, My father was a member of the Cheshire and Shropshire family of our name. My mother of a Lancashire family, by name Tatlock. I came to Canada, in 182 1, on the invitation of my uncle, Mr. Fletcher, who was soon afterwards appointed Judge of the then new District of '4l. 1'' ?■ f 1" i'-gi ■'if IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) •*'-.V^. 1.0 1.1 UilU 125 ■ 50 ^^" ■■■ US Ui a [If Ijg * •» 140 ■tt KB u £..1. 2.0 IL25 1111.4 i U4 It HiotQgraiiiic Sdences Cbrpoiation 23 WIST MAIN STREIT WIBSTER.N.Y. 145M (716) •73-4503 UA ^ •i .«l 1 I ■ ■ 111!' 168 Notes. St. Francis, and remained so for 22 years, until his decease in 1844. I had studied mechanical engineering in England, and was for some time employed in work connected with that profession. The gout du premier mitier is not quite extinguished in me, and I still take great interest in engineering matters. But in 1825 I commenced the study of the law under the late Col. Gi.gy, to whose family I had been introduced in 1821, by the late Mr. Andrew Stuart. In the fall of 1828, I entered the service of the Legislative Assemlily of L. C. as Assistant Law Clerk, Mr. Willan, Col. (Jugy's brother-in-law, being my principal. He was afterwards made Clerk ot the Crown and Peace, and Mr. William (ireen became my chief; he died of cholera in 1832, and was succeeded by the Honble. Hugues Heney, who eventually got into trouble with the House, by becoming an Executive Councillor, and was removed ; the late Mr. Etienne Parent was appointed in his stead, but never acted ; — the times of trouble came on, the Constitution was suspended, and the .Special Council for L. C. constituted : and after some time I became one of its officers under the Attorney-General, Mr. Ogden. In 1841, on ihotion of Mr, John Neilson, I was appointed Law Clerk and Chief English Translator to the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada : — and in 1867 to the same office in the House of Commons of Canada, and I hold it still. In 1841 I was appointed, with the Honble. Mr. Heney and Mr. A. Buchanan, a Commissioner for revising tht Statutes and Ordinances of Lower Canada, with the present Mr. Justice Johnson for our Secretary. In 1854 His Excellency the Earl of Elgin gave me my silk gown. In 1856 I was appointed with Sir J. B. Macaulay, Ex. C. J., and five other gentlemen from Upper Canada, and Messrs. A. Polette, R. MacKay, A. Stuart and T. J. J. Loranger, (all now Judges,) and Mr. Geo. De Boucherville, (now Clerk of the Legislative Council,) from Lower Canada, a Commissioner to "examine, revise, consolidate and classify" the Public General Statutes of Canada. The Upper Canada Commissioners under- took the Statutes affecting their Province, and the Lower Canada those affecting theirs, all the Commissioners undertakinc those affecting the whole of Canada. The three Volumes were reported to the Legislature in 1859 and i860, examined and passed, the Governor being authorized to cause the Statutes of the Session to be incorporated with the work of the Commissioners ; which was done for Upper Canada by the Hon. Sir James Macaulay, one of the Commissioners, — for Lower Canada by me, — and for all Canada by Sir James and me jointly. In 1864-5 ^ was a Commissioner with Ex-Chancellor Blake and Mr. Justice Day for fixing the remuneration to be paid by the (jovernment to the several Railway Companies for the carriage of the Mails. These Commissions were official or profeisional. In Lower Canada I had been one of the Commissioners for building the Parliament House at Quebec, and for divers other public works. On the death of Mr. Lindsay, Senior, Sir Geo. Cartier offered me the Clerkship of the Legislative The Transcript was a very nice little literary paper edited by my friend Mrs. Grant, of the " Stray Leaves," and her sister, (the M. K. of page 78,) and printed by Mr. T Donoghue, their brother ; but it was before the age and died young, ^ things fair and fragile will do, 'fij i J, i Notes. r 169 Assembly, but told me the Government would prefer my remaining in my then position, which he considered at least as important. He promised that it should be made equally good in rank and emolument ; and it was made so accordingly. I have been twice married in Canada, first to the second daughter of John Gray, first President of the Bank of Mont; 'al, and secondly to the eldest daughter of Captain John Fletcher of H. M. 72.>d Regiment, then an officer of H. M. Im- perial Customs at Queliec : and I have l^e^n a householder in each of the five Cities 'vhich have been the Seats of Government. I think, therefore, that I may now fairly call myself a Canadian, without ceasing to remember that I am English born. I write this brief memoir for the information of my children and my younger or newer friends. The Fancy Ball at Bideau. — Page 48. The little article on Lord Duiferin's Ball is out of place as to date, but its subject is so cognate to the Fancy Ball in the Parliament House at Queliec that the anachronism may lie pardoned. The Fancy singers at the Quebec Ball were all officers of the Lower Town Volunteers. Lord Gosford was himself the most good-natured and jolliest of Governors and of hosts. Thb " Inoonbtants." n. M. S. ^'^ Incotistant" was really the loveliest vessel of the twelve ; and though the officers of all the ships were, as sailor officers always are, high in favor with the ladies, yet somehow the " Inconstants" stood first. Possibly there was a charm in the name. . m QuBBKo Transobipt.— Pages 69 and 76. IW Notes. Page 74. '* The Lord of high pretence " was of course Lord Durham, who kindly com- muted the sentence of some of the rebels, and sent them to Bermuda, where of course they were released on habeas corpus, and the Lord was called over the coals in Parliament. "Good Sir John" was Sir John Colborne who put down the rebellion with a firm but merciful hand. Page 93. The Hon. John Neilson, to whose memory I have here paid the tribute of a few lines, was the first Editor of a Canadian newspaper in English, dating I think from 1769. He enjoyed the perfect confidence of the French Canadians, and represented the County of Quebec in the Legislative Assembly until he opposed the 92 resolutions and the violent measures then resorted to, and lost his election ; but he was again restored to favor and elected to the Parliament of United Canada in 1 84 1, a sobered man as to some of his former opinions, but a true patriot and a firm supporter of free institutions. He was ever my good friend. I have put into the mouths of others what I myself felt on losing him, but I know that they felt as I did. " HkR sons have ABANDONBD THKia ERRORS AND »HAHE." — Page 98, !f I' I After Lord Elgin gave the Royal Assent to the Rebellion Losses Bill, and the consequent burning of the Parliameut House, the annexation feeling became very strong in Montreal, even among the formerly most loyal citizens, and the removal of the Seat of Government did not tend to allay it. It died out gradually, and is now extinct in Montreal as in the rest of Canada. Page 100. I havie referred to this little squib in my V Ajrology." The Seigniorial Act was passed in 1854. Mr. Drummond brought it in and very ingeniously contrived the Seigniorial Court, which finally settled the disputed points relative to the tenure. Mr. Dunkin most ably and zealously explained and defended the rights of the Seigniors, and I, with the potent aid of Mr. Hincks, succeeded in getting t)ie lods et ventes abolished^ the Seigniors being compensated on equitable term$ Notet. Ill out of provincial funds. Mr. Drummond and his friends wished to apply the government aid to the reduction of the heavy rents exacted by some Seigniors, but these, if unlawful, could be reduced by the Court : the lods et ventes, a fine of one- twelfth of the value, nat of the land alone but of all buildings and improvements on it, were perfectly lawful, but a hindrance to all improvement and to all free deal- ing with the land, while they were a constant source of attempted fraud on the Seignior and of vexation to tenants : and no fair terms of compensation by the tenants for their abolition could l^e contrived, because while they bore so heavily on those who wished to improve or were willing or compelled to sell their lands, they were not felt by others who had their lands from their fathers and meant to leave them to their children. Mr. Drummond for some time opposed the amend- ment but eventually acceded to it. The Act went into force and was perfectly successful ; so completely was every difficulty removed under its operation, that in the Act passed in 1856 for codifying the Laws of Lower Canada, the Commis- sioners were forbidden to say anything of the Seigniorial Tenure. " Thb qrkat ten thousand poundkb H1NOK8."— Page 105. •i-m I? 1 \il. ' ' ' ' I It is, I hope, unnecessary to say, that this has nQ reference whatever to Mr. Hincks' income or fortune, but simply to the tremendous weight of metal he carried, and the great initial velocity he could give it. Sir John Macdonald brought in the Clergy Reserves Bill and carried it, with the very efficient aid of Mr. Hincks, then an independent member and not in the coalition administration. " Let both divide the Crown," for both deserve it. — The whole Civil Service of Canada owes a deep debt of gratitude to Sir Francis Hincks for the Superannua- tion Act, an invaluable boon to every member of the service, and not the less so to the Government when wisely used, — as of course it will always be. I never assisted with greater pleasure in preparing any Bill than this. H. M. Ephimbral GovBRNMiNT. — Page 108. This was a Conservative Co»p d'Etat. In his late Pamphlet " A Constitu- tional Governor " Mr. Todd records it thus : " In 1858, upon the defeat of Mr. John A. Macdonald's ministry by an fidverse vote in the Legislative Assembly upon the question of the Se^t of 1 m m m 111 ! .H'l \12 Notes, ■eing of course high pressure and non-coitdensing. But his sentiments are noble and patriotic, and his style earnest, vigorous and manly. Magis magisquejloreat, Thk Whits- Wash Bill and Ahkndmentb. — Page 132. The House eventually passed the Bill, substantially in the form suggested by Mr. Verdant Green, without the Preamble, but with the Proviso "don't do so again" — Mr. Deep Black's amendment finding no seconder. Many members have since resigned under its provisions, and almost all of them have been re- elected. The Act says nothing about profits (if any) obtained by the violation of the law, leaving the question open, as a matter of conscience on which Honorable Memliers could scarcely have any doubt. Hamlet's Uncle had a very strong opinion on the point : — "Then I'll look up,— My fault is past — But oh what form of prayer Can serve my turn : — Forgive me my foul murder, — That cannot be, since still I am possessed Of those effects for which I did the murder. My Crown, mine own ambition and my Queen : — May one be pardoned and retain the offence ? " Hamlet, Act 3, Sc. 2. .M7{ , C. A. v.— Page 133. For the benefit of unprofessional gentlemen I explain, and for that of non- cerulean ladies I translate. The letters stand for Curia Advisare Vult, the court wishes to deliberate : and mean, that the judges are puzzled and don't exactly know what to say. m ^t ill .:i| ii m '% 'M -I M ;!ii I i h'* Notti, Thi Coup d'Etat— Page 132. A' This was a Reform Coup d'Etat and a very clever one. It would never have done to allow Mr. Irving to make his report. Like the Conservative one im- mortalized on page io8 et sequ. it was perfectly within the law, and saved a wonderful amount of trouble and confusion. Ottawa, St. George's Day, 23rd April, 1878. LiAP TiAR Yalkntini.— Page 139. This may be useful in the present or any future Leap Year, it is very straightforward and effective, but requires to be used with caution, as it would certainly support an action for breach, if the lady should change her mind. The Queen or the heiress apparent has a perpetual Leap year, and proposes to whom she pleases, and in the latest case on record was gratefully accepted. Something about Rag-monbt.— Page 140. I have always had a horror of irredeemable paper, and helped, with pleasure, to demolish any little bill or scheme tending that way : and I have known M. P. 's wUh a leaning towards it. I must have had some attempt of the sort in my mind when I dreamt the dream I have recorded. Mr. Wallace was a ring leader in favor of the Rag. In BfiMOBiAH— Sir Giorgb Etibnnk Gartisr.— Page 142. This Tribute to Sir George Cartier came warm from my heart. "He WM my friend, faithful and just to me." The article from the " Week " is not mine, but is good, and I know it to be true. The French verses are from the graceful pen of Mr. Benjamin Suite, of the Militia' Department, an intimate friend of .Sir George and a sincere mourner for his loss. The Ministers who spoke at the unveiling of the statue, were Sir John A. Macdonald and Sir Hector Langevin. In MiMORiAM, Sept., 1*760.— Page 150. « I read the original of this in the St. Jean Baptiste day's No. of La Patrie and thought it very good. And remembering Lord Byron's lines about Marceau, " Our Enemy, but let not that forbid " Honour to Marceau.— He kept, " The whitwieM of his soul, and thus men o'er him wept." Notet. 176 I translated Dr. Frechette's tribute to our brave enemy, L^vis, and sent it to the author, who liked it and got it printed in The Montreal Gazette, and at the same time wrote and printed in La Patrie the following very kind and elegant notice of my " Waifs " — BiBLinORAPHIK. Waifs in verse by G. IV. IVicksteed, Q. C.hMontrial^ches Lovell, 187S. — Comme on le voit ce volume de vers n'est pas tout ce qu'il y a de plus recent. Mais I'auteur ne oses of life. A ilork with two hour and minute hands, or hands with two points, would show legal and standard time at once ; and there would be no places with two slandaril times, ns there arc now at the boundary of each time zone. I am informed that the authorities of the Naval Observatory at Washington hold the same opinion. — If any but the present legal time is used as such the change slwiitii he made by law, as it was in Kngland. In the United States, it appears that every State has power to fix its own legal time ; Congress has it only for the District of Columbia (ten miles s(iuare, I believe), and has exercised the jniwer by an Act adopting standard time of 75" west longitude. But the said ■ ' - , - A„ What we want our clocks and watches to (ell us, is — the time of Jay where we are. i;!f ;• m 1 1 wW^ 1 MM, \ ;5 Appendix 181 SOCIALISM. What is Socialism ? What do Socialists want, and believe they have a right to insist upon ? The fullest and most direct answers to these questions seem to be those contained in an article by Annie Besant, in the July number, 1886, of the Westminster Review. She begins by quoting the saying of Professor Huxley, " that he would rather have been born a savage in one of the Fiji Islands than in a London slum," — declares the Professor right, and gives reasons, not easily dis- putable by those who know what a London slum is, for the declaration. She then states the growth of the doctrine she expounds : the decay of religious belief among the classes interested, the influence of foreign writers, more especially the (ierman, and the modification of their doctrine by the habits of English life and their Democratic tendency, and says that "no mere abuse can shake the Socialist ; no mere calling of names can move him ; he holds a definite economic theory which should neither be rejected without examination, nor accepted without study." .She maintains that Socialists assent to all the sound doctrines of ]X)]itical economy, and more especially that capital is the unconsumed result of past and present labor ; but they hold, — that individual property in land must disappear, that the soil on which a nation is born and lives ought to belong to the nation as a whole and be cultivated by individuals and co-operative groups holding directly under the State ; that capital always has been, and must be, obtained from the partial confiscation of the results of the labor of others, and is not found in the hands of the lalwrious and industrious, but of the idlers who have profited by such confiscation. She says, — the laborer is not free ; nominally he may be, but in reality he is no more free than the slave. The slave is free to refuse to work, and take in excnange the lash, the prison, and the grave, and such freedom only has the laborer ; if he refuses to work he must take the lash of hunger, the prison of the workhouse, or, for continued refiisal, the gaol The renedy is the alx>lition of the landlord and the capitalist. Interest on capital as no place in .Socialism, strongly as it protests against the whole system of which landlords and capitalists form an integral part, it reserves its uttermost reprobation for the theory which justifies a class of the latter in living solely on money drawn as interest on investments. So long as capital remains in private hands interest will be demanded and paid perforce for its use, and so long there will be an idle class, a burden on the industrious who may labor for their support. Socialism aims at rendering the existence of an idle class impossible Healthy adults will have to work for things they require. The very young, the old, the sick, will be free from labor ; but for the strong and mature no bread of idleness, no sponging upon the people. In thus condemning an idle class, socialism does not assail th« i*.! If! '■ m t I ■ m .1 II' i I ' -f, ^■r -:i« m Appendix. individuals who now compose it ; they are not to blame for the social conditions in which they were born ; it is one of the most hopeful signs for the Socialistic movement that many who are working in it belong to the very classes that will be abolished by it ; they can do no good by throwing their fortunes away, and plung- ing into the present competitive struggle ; all they can do is to live simply, and use their position as a pedestal on which to place their advocacy of Socialist pro- paganda. There is no fear that individualism will be crushed. Exhausting toil and growing anxiety, these crush out individuality and stifle genius. Socialism will give leisure as well as work to all, lift the burden of care from all shoulders, and allow lime to think and to endeavour. She adopts the doctrine of Malthus, except his objection to early marriages, for which she would substitute prudential restraint, and twits him quietly with having eleven children, thinks the doctrine is essential to the success of Socialism, and that highly educated women, full of interest in public work, and taking their share of public duty, will not consent to spend year after year of their prime in nothing but expecting, bearing, and suck- ling babies, and she concludes with the following emphatic passage : "A glance backward over the history of our own country since the Reform Bill of 1832 opened the gate of political power, to those outside the sacred circle of the aristocracy, will tell how an unconscious movement towards Socialism has been steadily growing in strength. • Our Factory Acts, our Mine Regulation Acts, our Land Acts, all show the set of the current. The idea of the State as an out- side power is fading, and the idea of the State as an organized community is com- ing into prominence. In the womb of time the new organism is growing ; shall the new birth come in peace or in re^■olution, heralded by patient endeavour, or by the roar of cannon ! This one thing I know, that come it will, whether men work for it or hinder ; for all the mighty forces of evolution make for Socialism, for the establishment of the brotherhood of man." The article, of which I have endeavoured to give the substance in a condensed form, is inserted in the "independent section" of the Keview, set apart *' for the reception of able articles which, though harmonizing with the general spirit, may contain opinions at variance with the particular ideas or measures it advocates." Very able indeed the writer shows herself in the statement of the views anc^ inten- tions of Socialism, and it is well that these should be widely known, for they con- cern us all. Forewarned is forearmed, and knowing what they are we shall be better prepared to deal with them, and they strike at the very root of civilization and progress, in atx)lishing the right of property, and forbidding a man's enjoying or leaving to his children the enjoyment of the fruit of his labour, which is the great motive of exertion, bodily or mental. To all fair means of promoting the more general distribution of wealth, and dioiinishing the hardships of poverty, — by representation, by the association of >.i ■ yl/ ">endix. 183 workers, and by laws such as the writer refers to as passed by the British Parlia- ment, there is no objection, and I rejoice with her at the spirit which led to their enactment. The writer has told us what she wishes for, but she has not told us by what means her wishes are to be carried into eflfect, or what are the enactments by which she would provide for the division of all casting wealth equally among all, furnishing all with work equally well paid, and compelling them to perform it. The raising of the common fund, and the division of it equally among all would be no easy matter, and requires explanation. The scheme of general con* fiscation would probably l)e resisted. There must be government of some kind to enforce if, and we have a right to know how such government is to be constituted and maintained. The proper carrying out of the ^f althusian doctrine which the writer declares (very truly) to l)e essentia! to 'he success of Socialism, would require some rather difficult and delicate legislation. With every wish to believe in her good intentions, I can hardly think the writer expects to induce the millionaire to divide his millions with the labourers by moral suasion ; and indeed her last paragraph would seem to imply — "quietly if possii)le, forcibly if we must." There may be a gentle touch of dynamite in her "come it will." To me her scheme seems absurd as it is dangerous, and to be jKissible only if and when it shall please heaven to endow all of us with equal strength of arm and brain, with the same powers, wants, and wishes, and with such perfect faith in the Socialist dispensation as will preclude all desire of progress or improvement of condition. — What may come to pass in Europe, with its ever increasing popula- tion and apparent want of useful employment for it, I do not know : the prospect is not bright, and even Punch speaks anxiously in words and cartoon, and the Laureate denounces it in patriotic and prophetic verse. lUit " there's a divinity that shapes our ends, rough hew them as we may," and that shaping will be for good. In America there is less reason for anxiety. The Knights of Labor do not adopt .Socialism or Anarchy ; and in Harper's Weekly of 6th November last there is an excellent article by V. M. Arthur, (Irand Chief of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, in which he maintains there is no antagonism between labor and capital which cannot be easily overcome. — He says, " Every man of industrious habits may hope to become a capitalist ; indeed, the desire to accumulate is one of the most powerful instruments for the regeneration of society, it supplies the basis for individual energy and activity. I have no sympathy with men who claim that might is right, and that the rich owe the poor a living." Let us try to diminish the amount of poverty, and to mitigate its evils by legislation in the spirit of that referred to with approval by Annie Besant, and by all other means that wisdom may suggest ; there is the highest authority for doing this, by the exercise of brotherly love and christian charity in the highest sense of the words, but none for confiscation, robbery, or violence. Poverty has its hardships, and we must '!« ii ^ti! 1 ■'M m N ; ';! ! ! ' li ■ It 1 '1 ' 1 , ^' 1 1 1 1 J 1 i :|ll 184 Appendix. strive earnestly to remove or diminish them ; l)Ut difference of wealth or station has but a limited influence on human happiness, and is a far less evil than what Socialism proposes to substitute for it : Order is heaven's first law, and this confessed Sonte are — nay, must be greater than the rest ; iore rich, more wise ; but who infers from heme That such are happier, shocks all common sense. W. The Wrek, 1887. * ..j WAIFS IN PROSE, &C. Having been at my own roquent, placed on the superannua- tion list at the beginning of 1888, when my age was rather over eighty-seven, but being still kindly allowed to use the seat [ had occupied for more than twenty years in the room assigned for my office as Law Clerk in the House of Commons when the plan of the Parliament Building was made, I could not help still taking a deep interest in public, aud especially in Parliamentary aifairs ; nor could I abstain from now and then writing quiet little articles(never touching party politics) which Editors were kind enough to like and print; and some of which I have had the vanity to collect and get printed together in the following pages, for my own use, or that of any of my friends who might like to have them as a memento of their old acquaintance, W. And a few of these relate to important decisions and considera- tions touching public matters. ' G, W, WlO^STSKD, Ottawa, 11 Jul^, 1890. ^!i' M \M .1; ■,.:i '11 fV .;: 1 i^m •■ ili «%!' ! , 1 m i i I If. 11 '» 1 ' ■ THE RAILWAY CASE. \ . Manitoba vs. C. P, B. Itlditor of The Citizen : 3(11, — Tlie ^reat caso has boen heard, and the grand tourna- nient of the Kniglits of the Bar. and Railway has been held. On the 14th proximo wo are to huar the result, and the Chief Justice, as the Quepn of Beauty presiding at the contest, will award the laurel wreath to the victors. The Knights of the Bar and their E:4quiros did not break the record of their prowess. Mr. Blake, clad in the panoply of the strict letter of the law, stoutly maintained that under two clauses of oar Canadian Constitution, a Provincial railway declared by our Parliament to be a work " for the i^enertil advantage of Canada," is with- drawn absolutely from Provincial legislative authority and control, and placed exclusively under that of the Dominion Parliament, and that the railway in question had been so declared. And Mr. Mowat, opposing to the letter of the law which killeth, the spirit which giveth life, contended resolutely that the said clauses and declaration merely gave the Dominion Parliament power to make the railway, if it chose, though entirely within a Province, or to assume the control of it if made, and not that of sa^'ing, ct la dog in the mangor, " We won't make it and you shan t; ' and to argue that the Imperial Parliament intended that a Province would lose its right to make a railway because it would be for the general advantage of Canada, was giving a very severe twist, not to the British Lion's tail, but l<) his parliamentary clause w. Jfoyomber 27th, 1888, The Railway Ceue. 187 Referring to the case now before the Supreme Court in re the Province of Manitoba and the Canadian Pacific Railway Company, wo gather from the reports in tiio papers, that Mr, filako contended, that the Manitoba railway in question came within the do>uription of ihose which had been declared by the Dominion Parliament to be '' for the general advantage of Canada," and was. therefore, by the i)rovis.ion of the Constitu- tional Act in such case, withdrawn from the legislative authority of the Provincial Legislature, and exclusively placed under that of the Dominion Parliament, and was therefore, unlawfully made under the Manitoba Aci, contrary to the said provision of the Constitutional Act, and was not entitled, under the Railway Act of i888, to the benetit of the provisions therein made respecting railway crossings. Mr. Mowat on behalf of the Province, maintaining thiit the proviwion of the Constitutional Act did not prohibit the making of a railway declared to be *' for the general advantage of Canada," but made it subject thereafter to the legiblativo authority of the Dominion Parlia- ment, and placed it, when made, and until the said Parliament should otherwise direct, under the laws governing railways under its authority; that the Dominion Parliament had made no special provision as to the said railway, which was, therefore entitled to the benetit of the provisions of the Railway Act of 1888, including those rosipocting railway companies and others, which by section 4 are declared to be applicable ' to all rail- way, whether otherwise under the authority of Parliament or not;'' and that this construction of the Imperial Act seemed more consistent with common sense, and with the allowance by the Dominion Government, acting of course under the opinion of the Attorney-General, of the Provincial Railway Acts cited by him (Mr. Mowat) and more consistent with the intention of the Dominion Parliament, than the view which supposes it to have been intended to prevent the construction by a Province of ^ m <■ t \h-r: i ; I ' i ' V- 11 t i t ■•■■ ill 1S8 7%« Railway Ca$e. Avork entirely within its boundaries, because it was declareU to le " for the general advantage of Canada." The Imperial provision has been frequently extended to Provincial railways, but always for the purpose, not of prohibit- ing them, but of extending them, so that they should be for the greater advantage of Canada. It is difficult to believe that a Parliament which, in the then last sost'ion, had repealed the enactments establishing railway monoply in Manitoba under one form, intended to re-eetablis^h it in another, which Mr. Blake's construction of the Imperial enactment would certainly do. W. ^' Canada Law Journal," Ui December, 1888. In a very strong editorial of The Week for 29th November, the Government and Parliament wore ^^overol^' handled with respect to this matter, under the supposition that Mr. Blake's interpretation of the Imperial provision was the correct one ; and W., believing that the Editor was mistaken in this view, wrote, and The Week published in its then next number, the following letter :— i Editor of The Week ; Sib, — fieferring to the article in your number of November 29th, respecting the case now pending in the Supreme Court between the Canadian Pacific Bailway Company and the Pro- vince of Manitoba, I think you should acquit the Dominion Government and Parliament of any intention to re-establish, under the provision in the Railway Act, the monopoly tney had abolished in the preceding session. It is only reasonable to believe, that the Government and Parliament held that the provision of the Constitutional Act, respecting the effect of ^ !rhe Railtvwy Case. 189 ared to ided to rohibit- for the I that a ilcd the a under ich Mr. ertainly W. jvembor, led with Blake's ect one ; is view, her, the lovembcr le Court 1 the Pro- »minion [Btablish, tney had able to*^ hat the ect of ^ declaration that any Provincial work was one '* for the general advantage of Canada," was not intended to prevent a Province from constructing a railway wholly within such Province, but to enable the Dominion Parliament to make such railway, or to subject it, when made by a Province, to such provisions as might be established for the government of railways generally, us the Railway Act does ; and under this interpretation of the Imperial clause the Government, acting of course under the opinion of their Attorney-General, must have acted in allowing the Pro- vincial Acts cited by Mr. Mowut in his address to the Court. The Dominion Parliament never claimed the power of preventing the construction by a Province of a railway within its limits : and when the Government desired to prevent the construction of certain railways, as tiot consistent with the general advantage of Canada, the Act passed for the purpose only declared that Buch construction would not be sanctioned ; and this declaration was acted upon by the exercise of the power of disallowance. The Railway Act does not forbid such construction or requite such disallovvance, and therefore does not re-establish the monopoly you so justly denounce as inconsistent with good faith and equity. Abiding by their consistent interpretation of the Imperial provision, the Government was not bound to call the attention of members to the possibility of a pretention on the part of the C. P. R. Company, invalid in law, and which .seems only to have been raised for the sake of profitable delay. How far the managers of the Company are justified in not having called attention to the point when the Railway Act was under discussion, is for them to show. The Company, and not the Government, is contesting the right of the Province to make a railway declared to be for the general advantage of Canada. W. Ottawa, 4th December, 1888. 'M. m ill I •If 'ill < in-. 190 Jeauita* Ealateti Act. And on Saturday, the 22nd of December, the Supreme Court una.iimously declared its opinion, that the Manitoba Act is valid and the railway constructed under it entitled to cross the C. P. R, subject to the approval ot the Bailway Committee, as provided by the Railway Act. No'iK. — The two letters appeared in the issues of the papers mentioned, next after their resjiective dates, and the article from the Law Journal, in its No. for 1st December, antl they have therefore been largely circulated separately. The writer hopes that he may be pardoned for reprinting them together for the perusal of some of his friends, now that the Supreme Court has sanctioned the opinion they express, as to the (rue intent and effect of a i)rovision of the Constitutional Act affecting the statutory powers of all the Provinces and of the Dominion, respectively. - • W. JESUITS' ESTATES ACT. With reference to the articles in the Law Journal of the I6th February, 1889, the purport of which seems to be that the Jesuits' Estates Act, passed by the Legislature of the Province of Quebec, ought to have been disallowed, permit mo modestly to express ray o))inion that the Dominion Ministry could not properly have advii-ed its disallowance ; — not because it was within the constitutional powers of the Quebec Legislature, for. If that alone were a sufficient reason, the Veto power would be useless, as tin Act ultra vires would be ipso facto, null and void, although not disallowed ; — but because, being perfectly within the powers of the Legislature, it wns passed without opposition or remonstrance by any party, and is a fair and amicable settlement of a long standing difficulty and the expression of the ii! ■im 'm I' 'il '. Jeanita' MatatM Act, 191 i\e Court st IB valid C. P. It., provided tioneil, next n its No. for rately. The r the perusal I the opinion lonstitutional e Dominion, W. «AL of the be that the Province , modestly could not jBe it was [ilature, for, would be and void, Itly within 1 opposition amicable Ision of the will of the people of the Province. It does not violaie the principle of the Bcparation of Church and State more than the Clergy Reserves Act : both authorize the isulo of property given for church purposes and education, and divide a certain propor- tion of the proceeds of the cale among the parties who appear justly entitled thereto, once for all, and so avoid any further interference of the Government which can neither add to nor diminish the share assigned to each, and such share, in the case before us, will be moderate enough, for it (>eems likely that the principle sum, 9400,000, will be divided among several educa- tional institutions, and the interest of each share, at four per cent., will be a very modest contribution towards the support of an institution for superior education. The main objection made to the grant is that it is made to the Jesuits; but the Act does not give them the whole or any definite part of it, but allows the Pope to divide it among institutions, who must use it within the Province, for the purposes mentioned within the preamble ; and from the latest reports it seems probable that the Jesuits' share will not be exorbitant. The articles in question treat the work done by the Order rather slightingly, but in Canada at least, their work compares favorably with that done by any other missionary body, and the martyr spirit in which it has been done is denied by none. They have shown them- selves good teachers, and have several educational institutions against which I have heard of no complaint. St. Mary's College at Montreal, was incorporated by Act of Parliament of United Canada (Upper and Lower) in 1852. the corporators being the Roman Catholic Bishop of Montreal and six members of the Order ; — it has 1 believe been very successful. HiW any complaint been made against it during the 37 years it has existed ? In 1887 the Jesuits were incorporated by the Quebec Act 50 Vic , c. 28, which was not disallowed, nor was its allowance made a matter of reproach to the Dominion Ministry. — It has been made a subject of reproach to the Jesuits and to the Pope, that he ^11 it ti' it '1 1 1 'i 192 ,/«8uiU* Bataten Act. ii| i'i h^ Mi'* BupproHsed them in 1763 and roHtored them in 1814 ; but may not the Pope have been right in both casoH, may not the JonuitM have shown him that they had Huen the error of the practicoM by which Ibey had offended, and reformed them ? A hundred years have made great changeH in men's ideas of morality and right. The Boman Catholic clergy do not now complain of the Jesuits, though they did in 1763. They have the virtues of obedience, self-denial, industry and temperance. They opposed the sale of intoxicating liquor to the Indians when the French Governor for profits' sake allowed it. The}' are accused of holding doctrines contrary to morality; but they deny the oharge, and challenge proof. Their constitution and rules wore printed in Latin and French at Paris in 1845, and there is a copy in our Parliamentary Library — why is it not cited to justify the accusation ? They preach regularly in the church attached to St. Mary's College at Montreal ; — is their preaching complained of? I am a Protestant and wish earnestly that all Jesuits and Boman Catholics were of my persuasion ; but I do not think Protestants alone are Christians. The vast majority of our fel. low subjects in Quebec are Boman Catholics, and acknowledge the Pope as the Head of their Church, and 1 do not think a more faithful, devoted, or well beloved and respected body of men can be found anywhere than the Boman Catholic clergy of Lower Canada. Tennyson has written, — " Love your enemies, bless your haters," said the Greatest of the Great ; " Christian love among the Churches seems the twin of heathen hate." Ought not the members of every Christian church, while obeying the commandment cited. in the Laureate's first line, to do their bcbi to prove the bitter taunt in the second to be undeserved ? And as respects the article questioning the constitutionality of the said Act, — it does not seem to mo that the English Acts J«$nitH' Estateti Act. 193 but may iie Jortuitrt practices , hundred •ality and ain of the virtues of ly opposed iie French kccuped of deny the rule»4 wore po is ft copy justify the attached to complained Jesuits and not think of our fel- cnowledge lot think a ed body of c clergy of e Great ; hate." irch, while irst line, to )nd to be Itution ality Iglish Acts cited in it can apply to Canada, which whon they were paMsed was no part of the lealm of Er.e of the Uoman Catholic religion, of which the Pope Im tliu head, and his Hupremaoy as Huch part of its very esseiico. The later law derogates* from and virtually repeals any former proviaion contrary to it. The Eiigiinh laws disqualifying Roman CiitholicH from holding certain offices wore never in force in Canadn. The money ap])ropriated belonged to the Province, and is grantod by itsLcgislutuie for the purposes for which the properly from which it arises was given by the French King, and tho Act of appropriation is Hanctioncd by the assent of the Queen, who may, without impropriet)'. avail herself, in dealing will) it, of the advico and assistance of the Head of the Church and of an ecclesiastical and educational corporation, which, if not legally the (i f. 'i 1 ' 1 ;I m V , '"■ 1 r- ( 1| 196 Les Excornrnuni^d. Mui8 d'autres repoussant tout servage execre, Apres avoir brfil^ lour derniere cartouche, Benferm^s ddsormais dans un orgueuil farouche, Bevolt^s impuissants, sans crainte et saiis remord, Voulurent, libres meme en face de la mort, Emporter au tombeau leur eternellehaine... En vain I'on invoqua I'autorite romaine; En vain, sous les regards de ces naifs croyants, Le pretre deroula les tableaux eifrayants \ Des chfitiments que Dieu garde pour les suporbes ; ^ En vain Ton epuisa les menaces acerbcs ; Menaces et sermons resterent sans succes t — Non ! disaient ces vaincus; nous sommes des Frangais ; Et nul n'a le pouvoir de nous vendre a I'enchere ! La foudre un jour sur eux descendit do la chairo : L'Eglise pour forcer ses enfants au devoir, A regret avait du frapper sans s'^mouvoir. 11 n'en resta que cinq : Ceux-la furont semblables, Bans leur folie altidre, aux rocs indbranlables : lis laisserent gronder la foudre sur leurs fronts, Bt malgre les frayeurs, et malgrd les affronts. Sublimes egar^s, dans leur sain to ignorance, Ne voulurent servir d'autre Dieu que la France ! La vieillesse arriva; la mort vint a son tour, Et, sans pretre, sans croix, dans un champ, au detour D'une route fangeuse ou la brute so vautre, Ghaque robello alia dormir Tun apred I'autre. Thfi Exenmmnnicated. lOY But some who spurned all hateful pervitude. — When their last cartridge had been spent in vain. Nursing their wrath in gloomy, savage pride, Impotent rebels, without fear or shame, — Determined, free and in the face of death, To carry to the grave their deathless hate. And vainly was the power of Rome invoked ; And vainly in her simple followers' ears. The priest read out the fearful catalogue Of pains reperved by God for ptubborn souls ; In vain exhausted all its awful threats; Nor threatenings nor sermons aught availed I No! said the vanquished I we are Frenchmen still, No man has power to sot us up for sale 1 \t length the thunder from the pulpit came : The Church to force her children to obey, Struck with regret, but calmly resolute. Five only braved the blow ; — but these resembled In their proud folly, the unshaken rock ; They let the thunder growl above their heads, And in despite of insult and of fears, Sublimely mad, in holy ignorance. Refused to bow to any God but France I Old age crept on them, — death came in its turn, — And without priest, or cross, in that rough plot, Close by the muddy road, where cattle browse ^hese stubborn souls lav down in tarn to sleep. Ir,, . ;;l I r i ■i'i I- 1^!' I r, I ! i in I ■ , ■ IL 198 Les Exconimunida. II n'en restait plus qu'un, un vieillard tout cassd, Uno ombre I Plus d'un quart de slecle avait passe Depuis quo sur uon fronl pesait I'fipre anatheme. Pench^ sur son b&ton branlant, la levre blSme, Sur la route deserte on le voyait pouvent, '^ A la brtkne, roder dans la pluie et le vent, Comme un spectre. Parfois detour nan b les paupidres, Pour ne pas voir Tenfant qui lui jetait des pierres, II s'enfoncait tout seul dans les ombres du soir, I Et plus d'un afflrmait avoir cru I'entrevoir — — Les ferames du canton s'en signaient interdites — Agenouill^ la nuit sur les tombes muudiles. Un jour on I'y trouva roide et gele, Sa main Avait laisse tomber sur le bord du chomin Un vieux fusil rouili6, son arrao de nuguere, Son ami des grand jours, son compagnon de guerre, Son dernier camarade et son supreme espoir. On crensa de nouveau dans le sol dur et noir ; Et Ton mit cote a cote en la fausso nouvelle, ' Le vieux mousquet fran9ais avec le vieux rebelle I Le penple a conserve ce sombre souvenir. Et lorsque du couchant I'or commence a brnnir, — Au village de Saint Michel do Bellochasso, ^ Le passant, attard^ par la peche ou la chasse, ^ Graignant de voir surgir quelque fantome blanc, Du fatal carrefour se ddtourne en trorabiant. i Done, ces cinq paysans n'eurent pour sepulture •< Qu'un tertre oii I'animal vient chercher sa pfiture ! 1. 1! J! ■'■ Ax J! The Excomimmieated. 199 One yet remained, a broken down old man, A shadow ; five and twenty years had passed Since on bis bead the anathema had fallen. Bowed on bis trembling staff, with whited lip, On the deserted road be oft was seen At twilight, wandering in the rain and storm. Spectre-like, — turning oft bis eyes away, To shun the child that pelted him with stones, He plunged alone into the shades of night. And more than one affirmed to having seen him, — The village women crossed themselves in fright- Kneeling in darkness by the unblessed graves. One day they found him frozen stiff; his band Had in its weakness on the road let fall An ancient rusted gun, — bis old-time weapon. His friend in the bravedays,— his war companion. His latest comrade and bis supreme hope. They dug into the black and hardened soil. And laid in that new grave, and side by side, The old French musket and the old-time rebel. The people cherish yet this sad remembrance ; And when the sunset gold fades into grey, The passer through St. Michel de Bellechasse, Belated at hie sport with rod or gun. Fearing to see some sheeted spectre rise, Turns trembling from the fatal spot away. So these five peasants had for burial place, ip'ive little moi^nds where cattle seek their foo4 1 ^M\ in : I »*■ I>N; !iii 200 Les Excommunih. lis le m6ritaient,— fioit! Mais on dira partout Qu'ils furent bel et bien cinq horos apres tout ! Je respecte I'arret qui les fiappa, sans doule ; Mais lorsque le hazard me met sur cotte route, Sans demander a Dieu si j'ai tort en cola Je d^couvie mon front devant ces tombes la 1 Louis Fr6ohkttk. 31,!!' The Exccnnmnnienteff. 201 Deserved it, — yes— perhaps I Yet men will say They were in truth five heroes after all ! I bow, no doubt, to the decree that struck them, Tet, when by chance I pass along that road, — Not asking God if I be right or wrong — I pause— uncovered— near those lowly graves ! G. W. WlOKSTBBD. This story is true. Dr. Frechette gives the names of the five, vi/. : iMargi\erite Racine, — Laurent Racine, — Felicite Dore — Pierre Cadrain, — ^Jean Baptiste Racine, father of Laurent ; — and that of the Bishop of Quebec, who pronounced the Anathema, — Monseigneur Briand. .I'j B *' i , 1 ^' '^ 1 ■ ' '*■ i ' n If 202 Zfi Drapfinn Anglais. LE DRAPEAU ANGLAIS. I; Ktl Rogarde, mo disait mon pere, Ce drapeau vaillamment porte ; II a fait ton pays prospdre, Et respecte ta liberty. C'est le drapeau de I'Angleterro ; Sans tache, sur le firmament, Presque h tou8 les points de la terre II flotte glorieusement. Oui, sur un Imilieme du globe C'eat r^tendard offiuiel ; Mais le coin d'azui-qu'il d^robe Nolle part n'obscurcit le ciel. II brille sur tons les rivages; II a seme tous les progr^s Au bout des mers les plus sauvages Gomme aux plus lointaines forets. Laissaiit partout sa fi^re erapreinte, Au plus f(^roces nations ■ II a porl^ laflamme sainte De nos civilisations. \ 'ffl '■ :'i Devant I'esprit bumain en marcho Mainte fois son pli rayonna, Com me la colombe de I'arcbe, Qu comme 1 'Eclair du Sina, MM: i:^! ■f I- The British Flag, THE BRITISH FLAG. Behold, my son, my father said, That gallant banner bravely boi*he; It made thy country prosperous, And hath respected liberty. That banner is the British Flag ; Without a stain beneath the sky, O'er almost every coign of earth It floats unfurled triumphantly. Over an eighth part of the globe It waves the ensign of command ; Covering a little patch of blue. But nowhere dimming heaven's light. It waves o'er every sea and shore ; And carries progress where it flies ; — Beyond the farthest ocean's verge, And to remotest forest lands. Leaving on all it« proud impress, To wildest tribes of savage men It comes the harbinger of light And civilizing arts of life. And in the march of intellect, How often hath it shown the way, Like the dove loosed from out the ark, Qr Sinai's guiding column's glow, 203 If: ' ' if I ! . f: m '■{■! ■ I,; 5 ■ I 11*:^ SM Le Drapeav Anglnif. Longtemps ce glorieax insigne . De notre gloire fut jaloax, Gomme s'il se fQt era soul digne De marcher de pair avec nous. Aveo lui dans bien des batailles, Sur tous les poiDts de I'univers, Nous avons mesur^ nos taillen Aveo des rdsultats divers. Un jour, notre bannidre auguste Devant lui dut ne replier ; Mais alors s'il nous fut injusto, 11 a 8U le faire oublier. Et si maintenant son pli vibre A nos remparts jadis gaulois, G'est au moins sur nn peuple libre Qui n'a rien perdu de ses droits. Oublions les jours de tempdtes ; Et mon enfant, puisque aujourd'hui Ge drapeau flotte sur nos t^tes, II faut s'incliuer devant lui. — Mais, pdre, pardonnez si j'ose... N'en est-il pas un autre a nous ? — Ah I celui-ld, c'est autre chose : XI faut le baiser a genoux ! ^OUIS FatCHITTKf The Brituh Flag. 205 Of old that glorious flag with ours A jealous rivalry maintained ; Deeming itself the only peer Of ours in the race for fame. In many a famous battle then ; In every quarter of the world, With ours it measured strength with strengtb,- Victor and vanquished each in turn. One day our fleurs de lis were doomed Before that rival flag to bow ; But if it wrought us sorrow then, It since has taught us to forget. And if to^ay it floats above Those ramparts that were French of yore, It waves above a people free, And losing nothing of their rights. Lot us forget the stormy days ; And since, my son, we have to day That banner waving o'er our heads, We must salute it reverently. — But, father,— pardon if I dare : — Is there not yet another, — ours ? — — Ah! tlmty — that's quite another thing, — And we must kiss it on our knees. [ITTK. G. W. WlOKSTESD. '■& 'vl :''! Li' m The History of Canada. THK HISTORY OF CANADA. By William Kinqhford. \'ol. I. Toronto: Howsell »>' Huhhinson xSHtf. It iH ihe natural and luudnblo douire of overy man to know what ho can of the history of tho land ho lives in, and in the volume montionod in the heading of this article, Mr. King»«ford undertakes to tell us the stor}* of Canada under French rule fiom its earliest date to 1082. We understand that his intention is to continue the work to the Union of Upper and Lower Canada in 1841, so as to comprise the history of our country under French rule, until tho capitulation of the Marquis de Vaudreuil in 1760, and its cession to Groat Britain by the Treaty of Parii in 1763; and thereafter under the Government of Great Britain and of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Mr. Kingsford's qualifications for the work he has under- taken are — the intense interest ho takes in his subject, indefatig- able industry, a perfect knowledge of the languages in which tho documents from which his information is derived are written, and a familiarity with the archives of Canada, now under tho charge of Mr. Bry mner, to whose ability and courtesy Mr. Kinghford bears ample and dofserved tobtimony in his work on the archeology of Canada,— and above all a reputation and cha- racter which justify our full faith in tho assurance he gives in his opening chapter: " That ho will make every ett'ort to be fair and honest," and in his confident hope '* that those with whom he may have the misfortune to differ, will recognize that he has consulted original authorities, and that whatever opinions ho expresses are not hastily or groundlessly formed ; but that, on The UiaUyry of Canada, 207 m to know and in tho Kingtiford Von oh rule is intention wor Canada ntry under a Vaudreuil ,ty of Paris •eat Britain and. has under- , indefatig- which tho re written, under the urtesy Mr. iH work on an and cha- 10 gives in t to be fair ith whom that he has pinions ho t that, on the contrary, he has warrant for the belief that they are fully sustained by evidence." With this assurance ho enters upon tho story of tho occupation and colonization of Canada, and shows us that in Canada, as in the English colonies in North Ameriou, the work was commenced, not by the Government, but by pri- vate enterprise moved by tho spirit of adventure and the hopo of gain, aided after a while, in Canada, by the desire to extend * the influence of tho Church, and for the conversion of savage nations to Christianity ; receiving later some official assistance by the incorporation of a company with moans and influence and special powers of settlement and organization ; and lastly, by the direct intervention of the Sovereign, and the assumption of the government of the country by France as a Boyal possession. He then narrates in ordered sequence, the three voyages of Car- tier to the St. Lawrence, and his ascent of that Biver to Montreal, his attempt at settlement, and the sufferings he and his crew endured from the Canadian climate in winter, his discourage- ment and return to France ; the twelve voyages of Ohamplain, his discoveries and explorations of tho great rivers and lakes, his skillful diplomacy in treating and dealing with the Indians, and finally his appointment as Governor-General of Canada; the conquest ot Quebec by tho English under Eirke, in 1629, its occupation by them for three years, and its restoration to Franco under the Treaty of St. Germain en-Laye. He then places vividly before tho reader tho great events and actions of what Lord Lansdowne, on u late occasion at Montreal, rightly styled the heroic age of Ca/nada ; — the long, tierce struggle with the Indians, then a numerous and most formidable enemy ;— tho attacks upon tho French settlements and posts by tribes coming often from very distant ])arts of the country, as the Mohawks from tho country still bearing their name in Western Now York ; and the counter expeditions of the French against them to like distant places, through tracts of thickly wooded coutry, with only the Indian trail for guidance . \ Ill 208 The History of Canada. > w: '■ii I I 1, , , 1 ) ] \\ll and without horses or carriages, or in canoes over lakes and rivors then recently disco^'ered and but little known ; — their explorations of theretofore unknown lakes and rivers, from the St. Lawrence upward to Lake Superior, and of the country north of it to Hudson's Bay, and southward down the Illinois and Mississippi to the Gulf of )Iexico ; the hardships suffered in these daring expeditions and explorations, and the courage and per severance displayed in overcoming them ;— the victories and defeats, successes and disappointments, incident to these Indian wars; — the various modes and forms of government tried by the adventurers, by the Company of the Hundred As^sociates, or by tno Council appointed by the Crown or Governor ; the introduc- tion of the Seigniorial system ; the contests of the ecclesiastical and lay elements for supremacy, and especially on the burning question of the prohibition of the sale of liquor to the Indians, in which Frontenac and Bishop Laval took opposite sides, the Governor being the winner : — and, in a word, the cares, labours, trials and vicissitudes of fortune under which were laid the foun- dations of the land we now live in, and in the narration whereof Mr. Kingsford shows us " Quantte molis erat Canademem condere gentem." He intersperses in his narrative incidents from the history of France, and even of England, respecting religious and political events, and throwing light on Canadian history, and short sketches of the lives and characters of those who play parts in his drama, and does full justice to the ability and firmness of Frontenac, the indomitable courage apd perseverance of De La Salle and his fellow pioneers in discovery, De Tonty, Duluth, Joiliet and others ; the ability and religious zeal of Bishop Laval, and the martyr spirit of the BecoUets, Jesuits, and religious ladies ; -but his bero is Champlain, whom he calls the True Founder of Canada, and whose character and deeds he paints in glowing terms. Indeed we cannot give our readers a better idea of the spirit and Gftyle of Mr. Eingsford's book than by citing the following excerpts from his character of .Champlain which The History of Canada, 209 m %k ikeb and ; — their from the ry north nois and I in these and per ii'ies and se Indian ed by the tes, or by introduc- lesiaatical e burning e Indians, sides, the IS, labours, i the foun- n whereof m condere from the religious [1 history, who play d firmness since of De y, Duluth, lOp Laval, religious the True paints in a better by citing ain which follows the narrative of his death, and the incidents immediately preceding it : " There are few men whose characteristics can be more distinctly traced than those of Champlain ; thoro are few cha- racters which more satisfactorily sustain the examination bestowed on them. There* is no moral leaven to weaken the regard or esteem with which Champlain's character must be considered. It is seldom that we become acquainted with a life in which the pure, tranquil, constant advance of an individualism can be so fully traced. . . . There is no character known to us in the British or French history of the Amorican continent in modern days, which can advance higher claims to honourable fame. If I were to make a comparison between Champlain and any historic name which we possess, it would be with that of Julius Csesar, with whose excellences and genius he bears strong relationship unalloyed by those vices and that social deformit}' which marked Eoman life. Much of the brighter side of Csesar's character is repeated in that of Champlain ; his equanimity, his liberal opinions, his triumphs over difficulties and misfortune, his modesty and ability in relating his actions, his high-bred stoicism. . . . Both cultivated the elevating and consoling pursuits of literature. . . . Judged by his writings Cham- plain comes before us with a rare modesty, and a careful obser- vation of truth, 80 that his statements obtain immediate acceptance. A quiet humour runs through all he tells us. He does not sacrifice reality to effect. ... To him discovery was not merely sailing up the waters of a river and never penetrating beyond its shores. His genius was to advance to distant localities, to learn the resources of a country, its cha- racter, the extent of the population of the native tribes, and to study their manners and customs. He saw that the only means of gaining this end was by identifying himself with the Indians, with whom he entered into friendly relations. His discoveries were remarkable : ho made known from personal examination 'n mm I Silt :|' I! f U;:l 1 I: .1 ■ ,. iij 210 The History of Canada. the Ottawa, Lake Huron, Lake Ontario, the St Lawrence which he correctly describes, and Lake Champlain. He indeed traced out the southern portion of the Province of Ontario, without the precise minor details. . . . No statue, no monument has been raised to Champluin's memory. No memorial exists to teach the youth of the Dominion what excellence there is in a noble, honest life, marked by devotion to duty, and an utter dis- regard of self. Canada has shown no honour to his name. It remained in modern days for Laval University to disseminate the true perpetuation of his genius in the record of his life and labours. It is a contribution never to pass away, and one by which Laval has established an enduring claim to consideration in the world-wide republic of letters. . . . Cham plain's name is imperishably written in the first and foremost pages of his country's history; it is the name of a man of genius, of pure and untarnished honour, the True Founder of Canada. (See pp. 131 to 134.) " A captious critic might object to the comparison of Champlain to Julius Ceesar, and our substitution of Canadenaem for Homanam in Virgil's line. — but we must remember that, although not invested with the Imperial purple, Champlain's were " Hands that the rod of Empire might have swayed," , and he would have made a better legislator than the monarch whom he served. No French- Canadian can be dissatisfied with the account the book gives of his ancestors, and no English-Cana- dian can refuse to acknowledge the merits of his French precur- sors. We trust both will like and patronize this work, and though some may differ from opinions expressed in it with which others may agree, none can charge it with wilful mistatemeut or unfair prejudice. Mr. Eingsford's style is simple and clear. Some minor slips of the pen or press ma}* be found by keen-eyed critics, but - : ' V ■ \- : _■. • ■ /__: ■""Tft The History of Canada. 211 ice which led traced , without monument I exists to ere is in a I utter dis- name. It isseminato lis life and ind one by nsideration hamplain's •St pages of ius, of pure a. {Sea pp. comparison imber that, Jhamplain's le monarch Ltisfied with Iglish-Cana- Inch precur- 1 and though Ihich others lut or unfair llome minor critics, but they can mislead no one. We think it would be well if the author had appended, or would append in a future volume, a brief account of the several Indian tribes and the tracts of country the}' inhabited, and of the rolii^ious orders which are prominent in his narrative. But, take it all in all, no book yet published in English seems to us to give so clear and detailed an account of the period of French government in Canada as the one before us ; and, believing as we do for the reasons we have stated, that its statements of fact are correct, we hold it to be a work whicli no student of Canadian history can afford to be without. It is well got up and printed, nnd the dates inserted at the head of each page of the events recorded in it, much facilitate its use. KINGSFORD'S HISTORY OF CANADA-Vol. II. Mr. Kingsford continues his important and laborious work, and we have before us the second Volume of his " History of Canada." The first contained the story of our country under French rule, from the earliest date down to 1682; the present volume continues it down to 1725, embracing the events occur- ring in the tirst administration of De Frontenac, those ofDe la Barre and Denonville, the second administration of Be Fron- tenac and those of De Callieres and Vaudreuil ; in the reigns of Louis XIV and Louis XV of Franco, and of Charles II, James II, William and Mary, William III, Anne and George I, in England ; a period fraught with most important events for Canada and the British Coloniej in America, as well as to the mother countries of both : and very interesting he has K^.ade the story he had to tell, and has told in the 518 pages of the book, and an appendix by which ho elucidates the events he has related. '■ * rl I I i I ' •)« m The History of Canada. It is impossible in the limited space allowed us, to give more than a very summary account of the scope of this important work, and to mention some few of the matters as to which we think it relates facts not generally known, or gives them with fuller details, or places them in a new light. It contains the ac- count of the dissentions in the council and the occurrences which led to the recall of De Fronlonac, and the changes following it until his re-appointment as governor, and then deals with those stormy times and events in Canada and the neighbouring colonies during his second administration, the effect of which still is, and will be long deeply felt. The ancient feiid between the mother countries was continued with increased intensity and bitterness between Now France and New England and the other Ensriish settlements, and to the suffering and hori'ors attendant on war in the older countries were added the atrocities of barba- rism and savagery ; for both sides employed the Indian, and war was conducted after the Indian fashion — cruel, pitiless and unsparing — by attacks generally in the dead of night, when neither women nor children were spared, and when prisoners were given up by Christian leaders, at the demand of their savage allies, to Indian revenge and torture. Plans were laid by each side for the destruction of the other; by the English for the conquest of Canada, and by the French for that of New York, with intentions as to a mode of dealing with the conquered less lenient than that adopted towards Canadians when they became British subjects. Both plans came to nought. A separate chapter is devoted to the history of Acadia duritig the period to which the volume relates, and the war carried on between it and New England, in which the Indian tribes of the Abenaquis and Canabas were employed on the French side, and many attacks made on New England villages, including Cocheco and Pemaquid, in which the spirit of Indian warfare was fully developed, and murder, arson and pillage reigned supreme, as they did in the massaci'es at Schenectady and Lachino by the iitt S'J The History of Canada. 213 8, to give important which we them with ins the ac- nees which allowing it with those 32 colonies ich still is, etween the ensity and d the other s attendant es of barba- an, and war (itiless and ight, when n prisoners id of their i8 were laid English for New York, iquered less ey became [adia during carried on I'ibes of the \\\ side, and Ing Cocheco [•e was fully Supreme, as jhino by the Iroquois as allies of the English. Mr. Kingsford has partly hupplied a want we noticed in our account of his first volume, by a long note about the Iroquois, or Five Nations, and the several tribes which comprised the Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas and Senecas, and the tracts of country occupied by them. These tribes generally took part with the English. Wo think the note should have included the Algon- quins, Abonaquis, and others who sided with the French. The account given of the abortive attempt at the conquest of Quebec by Phi ps in IGOO, is very interesting, and the scene between his party and Do P'onlenac, who was given, by the New Et)gland Major, one hour to consider the surrender of the Fort and its stores, is very picturesque, and by no means to the credit of the New Englanders. Phips was a brave man and an excellent sailor, and found his way safely up the St. Lawrence and out of it, but he had no skill as a soldier or a diplomatist, and his discomfiture and retreat show the impolicy of New York in sending him. There is also a g.'aphic and detailed narrative of the unfortunate attempt to attack Quebec by the English fleet under Admiral Hovonden WalUor in 1711, when by strange want of seamanship and precaution, eight ships and nearly one thousand men were lost at the entrance of the St. Lawrence which Phips had passed with ease and safety. The account of the tragic death of De la Salle is touching and sad, and the summary of his adventures and discoveries very interesting, as is that of his character as a man equal to any amount of adventurous daring, but deficient in that power of winning and keeping respect and affection which ensures un- hesitating obedience and faithful service, while he had a haughty manner which excited anger and dislike, under the influence of which he was murdered by two of his own followers. Mr. Kings- ford states his belief as to the manner in which Be la Salle's movements and conduct were probably influenced by the Suaniard Penatossa^ and the expedition under his command, i I 214 Un ii ; 'I ' M < M ■-■ . TVte History of Canada. A short extract from Charlevoix gives a pleasant descrip- tion of life and society in Cuiiada in 1720 as compared with that in the English settlements, very prettily translated, and by no means unfavourable to our countrymen of that date, and still less to our countrywomen of the same period. The account of the death and character of De Frontenac are graphic and fair, with " nothing extenuated nor aught set down in malice ; " our author defends him against the charge of extra- vagant pretentions to power and the adoption of a policy for private ends, of violence of temper, and of exaction of personal consideration without true dignity; adding, that even if these faults be conceded, he still stands forth the most prominent of French Governors, and that the great stain on his name is the ruthless character of the massacres which he authorized ; and of this he says " His nature was genial and kindly, and the fault may bo attributed to the school in which he was reared, and the maxim of war then recognized — that anything whatever that caused disaster to an enemy was permissible." Our historian calls him the ''Second Pounder of Canada," and winds up with Charlevoix's epitaph : " After all, Now France owed to him all she was at the time of bis death, and the people soon perceived the great void he had loft behind him." As an appendix, Mr. Kingsford has added a full and detailed account of the negotiations and events which led to the Treaty of Utrecht, which had so important etfect upon the boundaries of Canada and the then English Colonies, and the terms of which he believes would have been much more favourable to England, if the conduct of the latter years of the war to which it put an end had been left to the Duke of Marlborough, of whom he speaks in terms of the highest admiration, as u general and a man of honour and unswerving fidelity to his country, and whom he holds to have been removed by the sovereign from his command under the influence of mean jealousy and intrigue, and defends fVom all the charges which have been brought against him ; ■\ The Histm'y of Canada, 215 though he acknowledges his love of money to have been inor- dinate. The chapter is interesting as an essay on a moot point in English history, as well as in relation to Canada. The account is not flattering to the courts and sovereigns engaged ; — corrup- tion was at least as flagrant then as now. Mr. Kingsford has thus performed the promise he made, and given us a history of Canada during the time over which his two volumes extend, which leaves little to be desired in extent of scope or fulness of detail, ably, and, as we believe, conscien- tiously written, with as much impartiality as human frailty admits of, after a faithful and indefatigable examination of trustworthy authorities. His style is simple and clear, prefer- ring truth to rhetorical effect. He appears to have spared no pains to think rightly, and to say inteligibly what he thinks. We can say of this volume, as of the first, — No student of Cana- dian history can efford to be without it. ' \ KINGSFOED'S HISTORY OF CANADA— Vol. III. We have been favored with a copy of the work of which the title forms the heading of this article, and though our journal is not a literary review, nor the work in question a legal essay or report, it is one so deeply intei'esting to all Canadians and to lawyers certainly not less than others, as a record of events which have made Canada what it is, that we feel bound to call the attention of our readers to it, and to give such brief account of it as we did of the two volumes which preceded it. We were at first rather disappointed to find that this volume does not bring the history down to the conquest ; but Mr. Kingsford in his brief and modest preface, explains that he not only found it impossible to fulfil bis intention of bringing it down to that period, but also, that although the capture of Quebec might be virtually considered the terrnination of Frenqh 'm ' I I, i- I! ■ i ' H 216 The History of Canada. rule in Canada, yet the events between that capture and the final cession of the country under the treaty of Paris, in Febru- ary, 1763, formed ho important a part of its history that his worl< could not have been considered complete unless it included them, and that an account of these events and those prior to the conquest and not included in the present volume, would of themselves fill a fourth, on which he is now occupied, and which he hopes to publish is September, 1890. Among the events so referred to are — Levis' attack on Quebec, with Murray's defeat in May and the capitulation of Montreal in September, 1760, followed in 1763 by the treaty of Paris; while among the subjects indisponisablo to the completion of his work and included with others in the present volume are — the history of Hudson's Bay up to its cession under the treaty of Utrecht ; a summary account of the settlement of Louisiana in its relationship to Canada; and the events in Acadia after its cession under the treaty of Utrecht, including the creation of the Province of Nova Scotia, and the foundation of the city of Halifax ; the capture and subsequent restoration of Louisburg ; the capture of Port Royal (now Annapolis) ; the fruitless expedition of the Due d'Anville ; the sufferings and surprise of the New England troops by Coulon de Villiers in Acadia ; De la Verendrye's explorations; the character of de la Galissoniere ; de Celeron's expedition up the Ohio; the founding of Ogdensburg by Picquet; the charac- ter and intrigues of LeLoutre ; the Marquis Duquesne's expedition to the Ohio ; Braddock's expedition against Fort Duquesne, his defeat and death ; Dieskau's expedition on the west side of Lake Champlain ; the extraordinary ecclesiastical quarrel at Quebec in 1727; the State of Canada and Canadian society in 1755-6. This volume contains 578 pages, divided into 5 books, each again divided into chapters. It is very handsomely and clearly printed, the type and paper are good ; and it is altogether got up in the best modern style. It has a very full table of contents ; four small but vor^ useful map ; man^ ex|>lanatorj|r notes^ au4 f \ 1 and the in Febru- ory that unless it and those t volume, occupied, raong the 1 Murray's eptember, iraong the d included ' Hudson's summary ionship to under the ice of Nova le capture re of Port f the Due and troops ilorations ; [edition up ,he charac- expedition uesne, his Ide of Lake at Quebec 1755-6. ooks, each nd clearly ether got contents ; notes^ an4 The Hiatoffy of Canada. 217 full references to the authorities for statements of fact, and in many cases, citations of important passages from documents referred to. There is no verbal index to persons and events, but Mr. Kingsford promises that a very full one shall be given with the fourth volume, to it and the three preceding it. His style is clear without attempts at oratorical flourishes and effects; and we hold with respect to this volume, the same con- viction of the author's conscientious fidelity, cai*e and labour in collecting and verifying the facts he relates, the impartiality of the inferences he draws from them, and his charaterizations of the personages whose acts he records, which we have expressed as to the preceding volumes ; and as an instance of his fairness wo give his character of Basle a Jesuit of the Jesuits, a body for whom M. Kingsford has as little love as we have : — 'In spite of Kasle's persevering hostility to New England and his never ceasing attempts to embroil England and France in war, for a small extent of border territory which even to day is but imperfectly settled, he demands our sympathy from the high qualities he possessed. Had he been placed in a wider field of action where his energy could have been exercised, and by experience and contact with the world he could have learned to overcome his prejudices, he might have been remembered in history by the side of Bichelieu, Mazarin or Alberoni. Great pow- ers always command respect, especially when allied with those brilliant traits of character which impress us by their pnysical, rather than by their moral force. To Basic's high ability he added unfaltering courage and self-reliance ; and it was by no means in disaccord with his character that he refused to give or take quarter. In his young years he had been an earnest student of polite literature. At the Jesuit's College he had been distin- guished by great application, and was an elegant Latin scholar ; and throughout his life, though he had been a mission- ary for many years living with savages, he retained these pastes. He had obtained a perfect knowledge of Abenaki. an4 ! I m li.h \'V," 218 The Hiatnry (>/' Canada. liad attempted to give it Homogrammatiual form. Ho had taught fioveral of his people to read and write, and ho delighted to cor- respond in their own languages with them. He is said even to have written Indian poetry. He knew ibTo Dutch language to speak it; English only imperfectly. He had a hatred of every- thing English, the people, their language, their protestantism, their mode of life ; and accordingly -hia manners were often offensive. There was no deceit on his part in his enmity, it was openly expressed ; and Rasle by the side of a ruffian like Le Lou- tre appears a saint." The covert designs intended by the French to be ac- complished through the Indians, and Basic's intrigues for that purpose, are narrraled at length. Mr. Kingsford is English, and of course wishes to give the English view of some matters upon which he thinks existing histories have created erroneous impressions, and the first two chapters of this volume are devoted to a defence of the English claim to the discovery and right of possession of Hudson's fiay. He says, and appears to us to prove, that nothing can be more clear than the English claim to the discovery of and settlement on these northern waters : the northern part of America being discovered in 1497, by Sebastian Cabot, under a commission from Henry VII, and Hudson having in 1610, by authority of James I, taken possession of the bay and straits that bear his name : and he then cites his authorities and states at length his reasons for the opinion he expresses. Another and more important matter, since it affects England's repuUHion for justice and humanity, is the account he gives of the deportation of the inhabitants of a certain portion of Acadia, in 1755, on wich the American poet, Longfellow, has founded his pathetic and beautiful ]>oom, Evangeline, which does not directly reproach the English authorities with harshness or cruelty, but yel leaves the impression that the proceeding if^bich was aided by the New England colonists, and cannot he^y^ The History of Canada. 219 been disapproved by them, had something of cruelty and tyranny in it. In England it was looked upon as an act of painful nocen- sity, tt duty unwillingly undertaken, and performed with as much care to prevent unnecessary suffering as possible. Families were not separated, and were allowed to carry with them all their portable effects for which room could be found in the vessels which carried them. They had brought the suffering upon themselves For forty years, says Mr. Kingsford, the country had belonged tc England, and all its inhabitants over forty years of age had been born British subjects. They had been repeatedly asked to take the oath of allegiance, and had refused, sometimes with insolence, and on every poss.ble occasion joined the French and Indians in their savage attacks on the English colonists and their property. Every Acadian was a spy to give intelligence to the enemy, and their removal was a painful but unavoidable act of selfdefence. We request any doubling reader to peruse Mr. Kingsford's statement of the case in chapter VI of Book VIII. The time covered by this volume, extends from 1*726 to 1756, and embraces the administration of the several Governors of Canada during that period, viz.— Le Marquis Beauharnois, Le Marquis de la Jonquiere, Le Marquis Duquesne, and Le Marquis de Vaudrouil, and portions of the reigns of Louis XIV, and Louis XV, in France, and George I, and George II, in England. It is impossible in the limited space allowed us to give any idea of the amount of information and detail in the volume before us, containing as it does a very full account of a most important part of the struggle between France and England for the possession of the northern part of America. The period embraced has been called the heroic age of Canada, and it was so as regards daring, hardihood and adventurous spirit, but it was not the age of Chivalry, or generous rivalry in arms, but that of '^savage, unrelenting, murderous war," between two na- (jpns who bad been rivals front; the time of th^ battles of HastingSi " f"i !l>. I i i ''i 1, ^1 i i; t H- 220 7'fie History of Cnvatia. CiOBsy and Agincourt, adopting m allies iho rndian navago, and foiced by such alliance into peimittittg, if not adopting, all the alominationa of Indian warfare. The book before us is crowded with details of such warfare ; midnight attacks on villages, the murder of their inhabitantH and destruction of their property, the carrying oft' of women and children into life slavery, and the torture of priuonern, sometimes with the consent of Chris- tian allies, and sometimes in spile of them. The attack and destruction of DeerHold, and the reprisal on Norridgowock being specimens of the maiinoi- in which the contest between two great Christian peoples was conducted in America. Mr. Kingsford believes, and wo are most willing to believe with him, that the worst things were not done on the English side; but there were Indians on both sides, and the Christian victors were sometimes forced to shut their eyes while their allies indulged in the pleasure of burning a few captives. This was called la petite yuerre. Up to the time when the narrative closes, the fortunes of tno French seem to be in the ascendant ; they had destroyed Oswego, defeated Braddock, and extended their hold- ings on Lakes Champlain and Ontario, and the Ohio, and had gone down the Mississippi to New Orleans, round the English Colonies; their reinforcements from France, their despotic form of government and the military character of their people giving them a decided advantage over the democratic and separate governments and the mercantile and agricultural habits of the English colonists; so that but for the coming into power of the first Pitt, and his energetic policy and action, they might possibly have carried into eft'ect their cherished idea of driving the English into the sea, or at any rate of confining them to the Atlantic seaboard. But Pitt came to the helm of state, and Bent Wolfe, and roused the latent energies of the English colo- nists, and it was not long before the aspect of afiairs was changed, and Canada became an English Province. G, W. W. r , - ■ , Convnercial Union. 221 \i 1 ^'1 vago, and g, nil tho » crowded lages, the property, jrery, and of Chris- ttack and [•idgowock t botwoon rica. Mr. lievo with Tlish side; ian victors their allies This was tive closes, ; they had their hold- and had English potic form pie giving separate bits of the wer of tho ,t possibly •iving the |em to the state, and glish colo- |s changed, ^ w. le COMMKUCIAL UNION. Kuilor of The Citizbn. Sir, — Mr. Chambcrliiin's answers to his intervioworn on the subject of Commercial Union and Unrestricted Reciprocity are so perfectly clear and so exactly confirmatory of what you and your correspondents have said about them that I cannot help congratulating yon on tho fact ; and thoy are so wise and convin- cing that I think Canada may fool sure that her interests and honour are safe in Mr. Chamberlain's hands. He holds Commercial Union to be a surrender of the power of taxing ourselves into the hands of the United States, and so ceasing to be an independent country, which would imply the giving up ot all claim to become a nation ; and Uurestricted Reciprocity to be an impracticable scheme, leaving the Custom Houses along the 3,000 miles of border lino, with the difficulty of ascertaining the origin of every article of commerce passing thorn, which was found insuperable in England. I wish the supporters of either to the two "fads" joy of Mr. Chamberlain's opinion of their bantlings. It has been said that the Americans object mainly to what they consider the harsh and unneighbourly provisions of the treaty of 1818, denying their fishing vessels ihe right of entering Canadian ports for commercial purposes ; and it does seem to one not cognizant of the intentions or motives of the framers of the treaty, that the said provisions must have been inserted solely for the purpose of preventing such vessels from entering upon and fishing clandestinely within the thi^je-mile limit, for neither their buying and selling, or exchangi>ig cargoes, or forwarding '» I 222 Commercicd Union. '■>i^i-^rl them over Canadian railways, could bo injarious or indeed otherwise than advantageous in themselves to Canadian interests. Our neighbours say they do not want to fish within the three- mile limit, and if the obnoxious provisions were really only intended to prevent their doing so, would not they themselves help to prevent such unlawful fishing, and instruct their cruisers to assist ours in this duty and so remove these objectionable provisions ? Our neighbours only ask that we should do by them what they say they are ready to do by us ; cannot means be found to avoid what seems to hurt and annoy them without doing us any good ? or if it does us any good Uncle Sam might make some little concession in return for its removal, The headland difficulty might be easily settled by the commissioners, or if not, by arbitration ; and so also the Bebring Sen difficulty, where it would seem the harsh dealing has not been on our side. Where there is a will there will be found a way, and on both sides justice only can bo desired. " Blessed are the peace- makers." Some are unwise enough to think that Commercial Union would settle the fisheries difficulty. It would give us free trade in fish ; it would not give U. S. our in-shore fisheries, or take away orr exclusive right to them. Annexation might, and that would be granted if the two Houses of our Parliament asked it, and they would ask it if Canada wanted it— but Canada does not. W. Ottawa, December 27th, 1887. •^ ^yc Mr. Hitt's Resolution. 223 MR. HITT'S RESOLUTION. Editor of The Citizen. Sir, — Mr. Hitt in offering us Commercial Union is kind enough to say that Canada should be consnlted in arranging any tariff intended to be common to her and the United States ; and as such consultation could only be made effective by giving us a vote in the arrangement, this concession is an admission that representation must accompany taxation. If the United States Legislature is to tax us, we must be represented in it as to such taxation ; and though, as Mr. Hitt says, sixty millions must of course control five, a vote of one-twelfth is better than no vote at all, and may even have very considerable eflfect in a body by no means unanimous on tariff questions. And our right must extend not only as to the tariff itself (including excise or internal revenue), but as to all enactments relating to or affecting it, or the officers, courts and authorities by whom it is to be carried into effect, the laws affecting it administered, and the revenue collected, accounted for and divided. And as it cannot be supposed that such tariff and laws are never to be altered, Canada must in like manner have a vote in any such alterations. The re- presentation or number of votes for these purposes, sheuld be regulated, as in the United Stated, by population in the Lower House and by provinces in the Senate. Our representatives would, of course, only vote upon the matters aforesaid ; but as debates on such matters may come on at any time, they must always be on hand and ready. The arrangement must be for all time, for it would never do to have to discontinue it, and to re- establish the old laws and custom-houses along the boundary li»N Ml' 224 Mr. Ititt's Resolution. line, from time to time. Would the United States agree to this ? And if they would, how must the agreement be made ? Canada has nut treaty-making powers, for the plain reason that England could not be bound to enforce treaty conditions made without her approval and assent ; nor would shq^bo likely to assent to a treaty to last forever, and we have seen that a temporary arran- gement would not answer the purpose. The matter would clearly be one difficult to manage, but probably, if Lord Salis- bury, the President and Sir John agreed upon it, the thing might be done. Mr. Hitt has, perhaps, considered the little difficulties in the way, and sees his way through them : if so I should like to see his modus operandi ; for it seems to me that Commercial Union, instead of merely leading to Annexation, is the thing itself., and must rather be preceded by, than follow it. Unrestricted Reciprocity would not be quite so hard to work out; but hard enough if it is to extend to all productions or manufactures of either country. It would not remove the Cus- tom houses along the boundary line, for there would remain the difficulty of proving the place of production. Mr. Chamberlain when here, stated the difficulty the question of origin had occasioned in England ; and I have read lately that a Sheffield cutler complained not of the competition of foreigners as to the goods made by them, but of their marking them as made in Sheffield. I believe it is intended that articles subject to duties of excise or internal revenue must be excepted. No one disputes the desirability of the freest and most amicable intercourse with our cousins south of us, and the removal of every check to trade with them ; but we cannot help considering the cost at which this is to be done. Whatever objections there may be to permanent protection, we cannot break faith with those whom we have induced to establish manufactories which cannot yet compete with for- eigners, though we may hope they will be able in time to do so. And can we afford to abandon the revenue from dulies on Ameri- V Mr. Ititt^a Iteaotution. 3 to this ? Canada England ) without sent to a iry arran- er would lOrd Salis- ing might liffioulties lould like jmmercial ) the thing id to work luctions or 7Q the Cus- •einain the amborlain origin had a Sheffield 3 at} to the is made in ,0 duties of e disputes urse with k to trade t at which )roteotion, induced to with ftyr- le to do so. on Ameri- can manufactures ? Our Treasury is not overflowing, and our people rather object to direct taxation. True we have some among us who favour Mr. George's scheme, and would make the land holders pay for ail ; but the plan is not generally liked, though it is favoured in theory by eminent political economists, as to " unearned increment," or increased value of real property not produced by the labour or oapital of the owners. There is difficulty in applying the theor} to improved properly. A feas- ible plan by its supporters, say in Ottawa, would be very useful ; there is a very large amount of " unearned increment" in this city, ai. ' some even in the two hundred feet along the canal, now . , ute in the Exchequer Court, which, if it should give t. ■ ;,.jd to the claimant, might, perhaps, subject it to the repayment of the said " increment." The Court might say some- thing on this point (jhiter. Ottawa, 6th Jan., 18U0. POWEE OF JJISALLOWANCE. To the Editor of The Canada Law Journal : Bear Sir, — In what you say in youv last numberof the great usefulness and value of Dr. Bourinot's lectures I perfectly agree ; they well deserve to be made a text-book on the subject to which they relate, and ought to be in the hands of every student of the profession of the law, and, indeed, of every citizen who wishes to know his rights and duties as such ; and the admitted lawyer will find it worth while to have them at hand for reference. They state very clearly the constitutional law on non-doubtful points, and on doubtful ones ihey offer comments and saggestioDB 15 ...,: -j; il:, I !» Power of DisaUowance. 'M. I: ' ! much liiio worse for the law and lawyers, and Mr. BlaLe •« ^^'.^vii yiiig BiU is the more urgently necessary. I think if a iiko cnv* !.ii.(i hi.'jn referred by Hamlet's father to his Lord Chancello'-, or whoever might there be the proper authority, and he htwl repDrto;* no remedy, King Hamlet would have thought an*' •^aul tl.oru was '* something rotten in the State of Denmark/' which munt tuvi should be cured. ^. June, 1890. I CURIOSITIES OF MKASU-UKMENT. In our last number we inserted a very interesting engraving of the Eift'el Tower, now being erected at Paris as ono of the attractions of the great exhibition to be held there in 1880, i'lo highest building in the world, the Washington monumont at Washington coming next. We also add on tho j.Uue *ht3 bfti/'lits of some of the other lofty structures for ccmparisan, which *Moy be carried a little further by comparing tb- W'W'.r with oome of nature's structures, the mountains of the world. This would show the height of the tower to be .iie-eiirhth of that of Mount Washington (8.000 ft.) ; about o.Ktifieenth of that of some of the highest Alps and one tw-mty ninth of that of the hiirhest Hima- layas ; so that nature beats Mr. Eiffel very considerably, won- derful as his work will be. But a comparison of the mountains with the size of the earth itself throws them into the shade, and shows what small excrescences they are on this great globe we jnl^abit. We see by the papers that the Paris exhibition is tp ill n 236 CurioniHen of Measurement. contnin something that will facilitate this latter comparison. They say there is to be a terrestrial globe of thirty metres in diameter, about 100 feet, and we suppose that on this the moun- tains will be shown in relief, and on a scale which will serve for comparison with each other, but will probably be much larger than the Kcale of the diameter, just as an engiiieer shows the true elevations and depressions of a line of railway on a larger scale than the horizontal distances. Some years ago there was ex- hibited, in London, a globe of 60 feet diameter, but turned inside out;, the spectators being inside it. and the countries, seas and othei" geological divisions being shown on the inside, elevations and depressions included, the latter being shown a greatly en- larged scale, but, even then, being very small indeed, as com- pared with the size of the globe. The comparison was very interesting and instructive. We cannot all see either the said Paris or London globe ; let us try whether wo can use a globe of no very formidable sixe, and yet get some idea of the compari- son which we have mentioned. Suppose we have one of forty inches diameter (thirty-six inches is not uncommon Hut forty will work more easily into our computatfon), then, taking the diameter of the earth at eight thousand miles, each inch of our globe will represent two hundred miles, and one mile will be represented by the two-hundredth part of an inch. Now, to get a tangible exhibition of this small quantity, let us take any printed book of which the edges of four hundred pages, when the book is close shut, will make one inch in thickness ; that of each leaf (two pages) will ihen be the two-hundredth of an inch, and a scrap of such paper as the leaf is made of, pasted on the globe, will represent a mountain one mile high (5280 feet), or two-thirds of the height of Mount Washington, or more than five times that of the Pliffel tower ; and less than six thicknesses of such paper will represent that of the highest mountain in the world, and not far from the greatest depth of the ocean, which \» now considered to be ratl^er more than the height of the lof(. Ctirioaities of Measurement. 237 pari son. ictros in le moun- *erve for h larger the true rer scale ) was ex- ed inside seas and levations eatly on- , as corn- was very • the said e a globe compari- of forty h\it forty iking the ih of our lo will be |w, to got ,ake any |es, when that of ■ an inch, td on the feet), or Ithan five lesses of lin in the I, which the loft- iest mountain. We shall thus have a fair idea of the compara- tively small elevations and depressions in the earth's suifucc, and of the very slight increase in them respectively, which would drown whole continents, or leave the bottom of the ocean bare; and we shall have some idea of the comparative size of man and that of the world he inhabits, for a thickness of our supposed paper will represent more than eight hundred times his average stature ; and yet man's stature and power are admirably adapted to the world he has lo live in, and neither giants nor pigmies would bo so well suited to it as ho is. W. Dominion Illustrated. COSMIC FORCES. In our number before the lust we presented our readers with an engraving of the Eitfel Tower, the loftiest building ii. the world, and in our last number, as a sequel, wo gave them some "Curiosities of Measurement," in which we compared the tower with some of Nature's works in this world of ours. But what are the greatest of these compared with God's work outside of this world ? The sun and his attendant planets, and the stars, infinite in number, each a sun accompanied, astronomers tell us, by its attendant planets ; and an infinity of space beyond them again, with stars whose light has not yet reached this world, Those of them which we can see are made visible by their light, which also, by tbo aid of that wonderful insti'ument the spectroscope, has shown us that many of the elements of which they are con- stituted are the same or similar to those found on our earth, and thus revealed the unity of creation. Yet that very light by which we see these at night, makes them invisible by day, and I ii ■•]'■■■-] lU'. 238 Cosmic Forces. if tho snn shone always upon us, we should know nothing of those other worlds and suns. Our readers, or many of them, must be acquainted with Blanco White's beautiful sonnet founded on the facts we have mentioned, but many have probably never seen it. It will boar repetition, and wo reproduce it. It has been called the finest, and is certainly among the finest, sonnets in our language. Mysterious night ! when our first father knew Thee, by report divine, and heard thy name, 1 Did he not treinlile for this lovely frame — \ This glorious canopy of light and blue ? Yet 'neath a curtain of translucent dew, Bathed in the rays of the great setting flame, Hesperus, with the Host of Heaven, came. And lo ! Creation widened in man's view. — Who could have thought such darkness lay concealed Within thy beams, O Sun ? or who could find, While flower and leaf and insect stood revealed. That to such countless orbs thou mad'st us blind ? — Why do we then shun Death with anxious strife ? — If Light can thus deceive us, why not Life ? Dominion Illustrated. w, EOBBET BROWNING. To the Editor of The Dominion Illustrated : Sir, — On a hint some time ago from your excellent and kind- ly contributor, Lockhart, that he was contemplating a Canadian symposium on Browning, I sent him the lines I subjoin, and was rather disappointed at finding fro'm the extract in your now last number, from the '* Transcript MontJdy^ of Portland" that the editor had not tound room for them, as I hope yon will. My praise seems reasonably strong — Mr. Boberts, I see, gently com- II ihing of if them, founded y never It has sonnets W. land kind- ICanadian \, and was now last that the nil. My itly com- Hobert drowning. 289 mentson our poet's love of the obscure — and the clear and loving spirit of Mr, Lockhart's own verse leads me to believe that he would not object to a little more light and love, and will not be angry with mo that I incline to agree with Mr. Duvar, in pre- ferring the wife to the huisband as a poet ; I say nothing as to his psychological analysis or just and keen satire, or the theosophy of *' Caliban mi Setebos." Since you ask nie, gentle Lockhart, Leader of the band of minstrels In the songs of our Dominion, What I think uf Robert Browning — Take my thoughts for your symposium. What he wrote, am! what he taught j Is bright with wit, with wisdom fraugh Large and lofty, strong and pure. His pregnant verse at times obscure, ■" But still with some deep thought behind it — So deep that many fail to find it. Old proverbs say, that of the dead Nothing but good should e'er be said ; Yet, I should better like our bard If his hard things were not so hard. Is there not something of the sphinx In Caliban's mysterious "Thinks?" Something not Hebrew, Greek or Asian, And not exactly Athanasian ? Some hidden thing we long to see , In that deep, mystical* "So he ?" _ . Must we not Browning's spirit call To lift the veil, and, once for all, These riddles to expl.iin and solve * ' ■* With all the mysteries they involve, And thus from all reproach our honoured bard absolve ? W. Ottawa, 1890. 240 Educational Questions. EDUCATIONAL QUESTION*^ To the Editor of The Week : Sir, — I read with much pleasure the paragraph in the lead- ing article of The Week of the 25th July last, in which yvVi remark and refer to Tits Bystander as agreeing with you, that three-fourths of those who use the Public schools are just as well able to pay for the schooling of their children as for their food and clothiiig, and are equally bound to do so : that there is reason to fear the very class for which gratuitous education is needed don't avail themselves of the provision ; and if the state of the law is such that we are unable to get the children of the poorest educated, it should be altered for that purpose , and that the free education of all classes which is in many cases given in the high schools is something still more unreasonable : in all which I most cordially agree, as I do also with your concluding remark that the provision last mentioned is not merely unjust to those who make no use of the schools, but is frequently injurious to those who are induced to use them, when they might be better em- ployed in manual labour. With reference to this last remark £ think it would do no harm to call the attention of your readers to the following extract from Mr Punch's sensible and dramatic illustration of the case as respects the Public schools in England : — • TOO CLEVER BY HALF. Being questions attd answer's cut on the straight. Question. — So you have finished your education ? Answer. — Yes, thanks to the liberality of the School Board. Q. — Do you know more than your parents? Educational Questions. m A. — Certainly, as my father was a sweep and my mother a charwoman. Q. — Would either occupation suit you? A. — Certainly not ; my aspirations soar above such pursuits, and my health impaired by excessive study, unfits me for a life of manual laljour. Q. — Kindly mention what occupation would fiwiK you? A. — I think I could, with a little cramming, pass the examination for the Army, the Navy or the Bar. Q, — Then why not become an officer in either branch of the United Service, or a member of one of the Inos of Court ? A. — Because I fear, that as a man of neither birth nor breeding, I should be regarded with contempt in either the Camp or the Forum. Q. — Would you take a clerkship in the city ? A, — Not willingly, as I have enjoyed something better than a commercial education ; besides city clerkships are not to be had for the asking. Q. — Well, would you become a shop-boy or a counter-jumper? A. — Certainly nof ; I should deem it n. sin to waste my accomplishments (which are many) in filling a situation suggestive of the servants' hall rather than of the library. Q. — Well, then, how are you to make an honest livelihood ? A. — Those who are responsible for my education must answer that question. Q. — And if they can't? A. — Then I must accept an alternative and seek inspiration and precedents frcm the records of success in another walk of life, beginning with the pages of the Newgate Calendar ! — Punch, July 12, i8go. Punch is a moralitst and philosoplier of the laughing school, but our English proverb tells us, there is many a true word spoken in jest. The J?oman philosopher and poet asks : Rxdentem dicere verum,—Quid vetat f " What hinders a jester from speaking the truth?" Common sense answers, nothing hinders, and Punch's illustration is apposite to his case in hand. It is not right that boys should receive at the public expense an educa- tion which unfits them for manual labour ; and those who make the laws which give them such education at the coat of the tax payer, are responsible and must answer the question Punch's examiner puts. Education at the public expense should be given only to those whose parents cannot pay for it, and should applj' 16 I I Behring Sea Controversy . to Buch subjects as will be of use to them in Nuch callings und employments as they may reasonably be supposed likely to be engaged in, and should certainly not be such Uo would unfit them for manual labour, the independence and respectability of which, especially in agricultural pursuits, should be always strongly insisted upon. Institutions for higher education should be supported by voluntary contributions, or if aided from the public purse should only be so to a very moderate extent, and for purposes in which the state has a direct interest, or which are connected with the scholar's probable calling and means of support. No one should be placed, at the coht of the taxpayer, in the position in which Punch's examinee finds himi^olf, by being " too clever by half." The Wbbk, 22 August, 1890. BEHKING SEA CONTROVERSY. = m Editor of Th2 Citizbn : Dbar Sib, — In the Fbbb Pbbss of the 6th instant I find the following paragraph : " Washington, 6th. — The President yesterday sent a further communication to the House of Representatives concerning the Behring Sea Controversy. Great stress is laid on the fact of Great Britain having excluded vessels from within eight leagues of St. Helena when Napoleon was confined there, and also, the protection exercised by that power over the Ceylon pearl fishe- ries. Mr. Harrison objects to the form of the proposed arbitra- tion, and says it will amount to something tangible if Great Britain consents to arbitrate the real questions discussed for the hehring Sea Controversy. 243 last four years. What were the rights exorcised by Russia in Behring Sea ? How far were they conceded by Great Britain ? Was Behring Sea inchided in the Pacific Ocean ? Did not the United States acquire all of Russia's rights ? What are the pre- sent rights of the United States ? And if the concurrency of Great Britain is found necessary, then what shall be the protected limits in the close season ? Secretary Blaine denies that the United States ever claimed Behring Sea to be a closed sea, and quotes Minister Phelps, in 1888, where he says that the question is not applicable to the present case." This is followed by a brief statement that the Foreign Office has received Mr. Blaine's letter above mentioned, but nothing more : and in an elaborate and well written article in yestei'day's issue, the editor refers to the very great interest of Canada in the question, and shows clearly how fully Lord Salisbury has already refuted Mr. Blaine's argumentt). But he cannot refrain from using the old cry of official delay and red tape, and the readiness of the British Government to sacrifice Canadian rights to Impe- rial interests, and the old complaint that Canada cannot commu- nicate freely with foreign Governments, forgetting that we are a portion of the British Empire and that it would be inconsistent with our position that we should be able to make, without the express authorization of the Imperial Government, agreements which it only could enforce ; a position which we hold in com- mon with a State in the American Union, the constitution whereof expressly provides that "no State shall enter into any treaty, alliance or confederation." Mr. Harrison objects to the form in which Lord Salisbury proposes arbitration, and seems to wish that a number of special points should be expressly refer- red to, and not the main and real question — "Whether the United States have any exclusive I'ight of catching seals in Beh- ring Sea outside the limit of their territorial jurisdiction under international law,"— in the consideration of which question, that of all those he mentions (including those he founds on England's M ' !'' 244 Kinga/ord's History of Canada. i I"! 1 :i Hi precautions for preventing the oscnpo of Napoleon from St. He- lena, or for the regulation of the pearl fisheries off Ceylon.) might of course be brought up as points affecting the decision, which would in fact be one determining the righis of the United States as against the rest of the world; for if British vessels have no right to take seals in the said open sen, neither have those of any other country than the United States ; nor could a close season agreed upon by Great Britain and the said States affect any country not a party to such agreement, except so far only as may be required by the comity of nations. If any party has suffered damages through mistake as to the rights of the United States in Behring Sea, the amount thereof should be ascertained and awarded by the arbitrators, Jind paid hy the party by vrfiose mistake they have been occasioned. Yours, etc., Ottawa, Jan. 9th, 1891. M l KING3P0BDS HtSTORY OP CANADA— Vol. IV. Ir! Wo have been favored with a copy of the fourth and last volume of this valuable work, and feel bound, for the reasons we assigned for noticing the three former volumes, to call the attention of our readers to that now before us. The close of Vol. Ill, left the aspect of affairs favorable to French ascendency, after the destruction of Oswego, the extension of French power on Lakes Champlain and Ontario, and down the Ohio and Missis- Bippi to New Orleans. The present Volume records the principal events which, commencing with the advent of Pitt to power and his energetic policy and action, ended in the conquest and cession of Canada to England, and relates— the expedition under If*: Kings/ord'a History of Canada, 245 Foi'bos against Fort Duquosnc, hiw defeat ami heroic perseverance until, on the repetition of his advance, he found the Fort aban- doned ; the fiiego and taler« are wanted. It is not stated to whom candidates are to apply. As remedies for the epidemic, an article in the lay press suggests higher pay for 3f.P.'s, a suggestion probably founded on the absolute absence of bribery and boodling acro8.s the border, where tht? remedy is applied! A board of control has been mentioned, but who shall control the controllers ? The Auditor General's department has been attacked, and even the Count of the Holy lloraan Empire has not escaped i RnVwuy Time. :i51) Of hills for amending tho law, there are but few : the Com- monH BO amended the Anti-Combines Act as to make it effective, but the Senate has so modified the amendment as to make the Act a chip in porridge; — for would not a combine causing *' detriment to the public " be a conspiracy to commit a crime and punishable without the Act? — .\ At last, ten years after the English Act, 43 & 44 Vict., c. 9. for the like purpose, we have a bill for meeting tho difficulty arising out of the rapidity of travel by railroad, introduced by Mr. Tuppor, the Minister of Marine. It is understood that tho bill is not intended ti pa>s in the present session, and that it is prin- ted for the consideration of members and the public; and therefore, it Is a proper subject for you and your readerb to deal with, which I hope you and they will do. The preamble refers to the iiileriiational conference at Washington in 1884, which recommended the meridian of Greenwich as tho prime meridian common to all nations (at which Canada was ably represented Jby Mr. Sandford Fleming, and to which all English-speaking peoples are indebted for its decision) and then mentions what is called the " Hour Zone System " of reckoning time, as having been adopted with great advantage to the public by railway companies in America and many other countries, including -Canada, and the doubts that its adoption has occcasioned as to its legal ett'ect in the latter: for though there is no doubt that the legal civil time in tho Dominion is mean solar time as 4ieretofore, and no power but the legislature could make it other- wise, many people believe the time adopted by the railway ■companies, and which they call standard time, has been substi- tuted for it. The enacting clauses of iho bill do not sanction this belief, or adopt the fifteen degree hour zone system, as defined in the original scheme of the railway companies, in the hill introduced by Mr. Evarts in the United States Senate, and •more especially in the amusing and instructive article by Mr. Fleming in the American Engineering Magazine for May, 1891, i \' t 2»i0 RaUway Time. but rnuko tiiuc-zoiios ol pi-ovincon, and torritorios, without reforriii^ to their ioiigitudii, following in thin respect the prin- ciple of the English Act. But under thul Act the greatest diffe- rence between the Nf.'itutory time and mean solar time would be twenty-four minutes, and in the time-zones as defined in Mr. Fleming's article, tiiirfy minutes; while under Mr. Tupper's bill it would be more than two hours in Quebec and Ontario. — This would, I think, be a very great inconvenience, though a diffe- rence of half an hour might, in England, be rounterbalanced by certain advantages. The hour zone >ystem has never been made legal in the United States, excep. in the District of Washing- ton (ten miles square), and it appears that elsewhere the subject is one for the State legislatures. The advantage of zone time would seem to be limited to zones comprised in or com- prising one country or tract under the same civil juris.liotion. Boundaries by meridians would be difficult to find aiid' use, jnid the extent of Quebec and Ontario from east to west is over 30", or two hours of time. When the question first aro.se, the opinion of gentlemen of the Washington Observatory was, that the best plan for America would be to have one Jiailway Time (thai of 90' west) across the continotjt, leaving solar time for the ordi- nary purpo.«es civil life. — I believe * this would be the best for Canada, and that Mr. Tuppei-'s bill, with a provision that its time clauses should apply only to contracts and agreements, oral or in writing, in which expressions of time are declared to mean and refer to Railway Tivie^ (but should in them be binding in law,), would be unexceptionable; though it would perhaps be still better if one Railway Time were enacted for the whole Dominion; legal civil time for other purposes remaining, as heretofore, the mean solar time of each locality. The twenty- four hour day is very good; it is and has long been in used in Italy and other countries. W» Ottawa, Sept. 22nd, l!)9l. * And see article on pages, 176 to 180. IISriDEJ TO SI'KCIAL AND INCIDKNTAL MATTERS. nlliout ) prin- it diffe- ouUl be in Mr. or'sbill .—This a diffe- iced by m made ushing- aubject of /.one or com- (iiotion. ISO, I'Tld vev 30', I opinion ho best (that of ho o!'di- best for that its omenta, arod to lem be would for the aining, wenty- in used Albums : -Articles for '37-8 Ajxilojjy for my Waifs viii Behring Sea Case 242-256 British Flag, K. and F. Translation 202 Browning, Robert 238 By -Town Kpitaph. on -. 132 Carriers' address 1839, Lord Durham 71-74 1847, 1849, 1850 84-89-92 Cartier, Sir lieo. K 142 Coalition, 1854 103 Commercial Union 221 Devils' F^xtra, Volunteer Ball 50 Disallowance of I'rovincial Acts 225 Double Shuffle, Ministerial 108 P'pitaph on a young lady 15 " Luther H. llolton 137 1 litt's resolution 223 Inconstants 59 Jesuits' restates ,\ct 190 Kingsford's ('anada. Vols. 1, 2, 3 2o6 Vol. 4 244 Leap-year Valentine 139 Levis burning his Colours, F,. and F. Trauslation 150 Macdonald, Sir John, In memoriam 254 Measurement — Curiosities of, Cosmic Forces 235 National .\ntheni, Canadian 163 Neilscm, John — Epitaph 72-93 New Years' addres.ses. See Table of contents. Old Christ Church, Ottawa 112 Preface I Queen's birthday Jubilee 160 Rag Money 140 Railway case, Manitoba vs. C. F. R 186 Railway time 258 Socialism 181 Translations 16, 17, 18 Waifs reviewed 250 Thule or Thule 118 But see also Table of contents. dv