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Meps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed et different reduction ratios. Those too lerge to be entirely included in one exposure ere filmed beginning in the upper left hend corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many fremes ss required. The following diegrems illustrste the method: Les csrtes, pisnches, tebieaux, etc., peuvent Atre film6s A des tsux de reduction diff6rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul clichA, 11 est film* A partir de I'engle supArieur geuche, de gauche A droite, et de heut en bes, en prenant le nombre d'imeges nAcessaire. Les disgremmes suivants illustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 ;' j''^ O V NARIKG ON THK t ^ y ^..^^ •'* ,«*v SOCIAL & CIVIL CHARACTER " M.i.uiOF MONTREAL. The Committee of the Montreal Temperance Society hare fre- quently directed attention to Intemperance as a great cause of crime. An inspection of poor-houses, hospitals, and prisons, affords ample proof of this ; and Montreal is no exception to the rule. It is the opinion of the Police Magistrate and the Recorder that almost all the cases which come before them have their origin in intemperance, and that drunkenness prevails in proportion to the facili^ with which in- toxicating liquors can be procured. Laws have been enacted to limit the number of persons who trade in them ; yet, the partial restraint has not stopped the flow of poverty, disease, and erime. For example, the Chief of Folice reported that the criminal calendar of the city for 1859, contained 6881 cases, apportioned as follows :•— „ Tippling II », Drunk 2793 Drank and disorderly 417 Breach of the peace 487 Assaulting the Police 71 Protection .1863 Vagrancy 467 Larcenies, &c 782 •' There can be no di£Bculty in concluding as to the origin of rery heariy all these cases. The expense of the Police establishment (omitting Jails, Courts, hospitals, &c.) for 1859 was $35,404< ; while the revenue of the city from licenses (if that can be denominated income which is w^paid!) was as under : — From Innkeepers' lioeuses $10,230 '^ do. do. unpaid 675 Y From grocers' licenses 2,421 $13,326 121101 B«8peetiag; the $675 unpaid, it probabif coosists of the rani ($27) which should be paid to the Corporation bj each of twenty-fiTe per- sons whose applications may ha^e been granted bj the License Com- mittee, but who hare not paid the dues, — selling liquor nerertheless like licensed houses ! The number of Hcensed houses (afterwards referred to) ought therefore to be raised from 366 to 391,— the citj reyenue ought to have been $675 better,— and the general Groremment ought to have had $1000, which is now lost to the eichequer bj defaulting publicans. More than that, there are a number of mch defaulters every year ! Who are they 1 Inquiry was made at the proper City officer about them, but he interposed a very respectful waiver. The following are the cases tried before the Recorder in January, February, and March, of this year : — Dnmkenness, men, 438 .\ 4I do. women, 129 ,. Fighting, Assaults, ftc, men, 106 ^- do. do. women, 19 1'^ ' Protection, 306 ^^' Vagrancy, 19 i!) Larcenies, &c • 214 O' When navigation opens, and commerce crowds the wharves, the Police Magistrate's court will greatly swell the numbers. The first three months of the year are never the busiest in this department of city life. The evils to which these figures point are distributed through Montreal by license laws ; and some of their provisions are as follows : — 14> & 15 Vic. cap. 100, enacts :— iis v;?: ;. e. • Section 4. Revenue Inspectors shall issue licenses. ■• >.vni ^i.. ' Sec. 5. No license shall issue until a certificate is produced, signed by fifty municipal electors, approved by the Municipal Council or Corporation, and signed by the Mayor and Secretary. [The certificate here referred to, should set forth that the applicant is " personally known to each of us, that he is a subject of Her Majesty, is honest, sober, and of good repute, and is a fit and proper person, &c."] Sec. 6. Municipal Council " may refuse to confirm any such certificate, if they see fit so to do." Sec. 9. Persons selling without license are liable in a penalty, of £12 108. Sec. 12. The keeper of every licensed place shall keep a peaceable, decent, and orderly house, shall not permit gambling in it, nor vend liquors to any intoxicated person, nor on Sundays to any persons whomsoever, except sick persons or travellers, " nor to any soldier, seaman, apprentice, or servant, 4 knowing him to be such, on any day after eight o'ciock in the afternoon in annuner, under a penalty of five pounds for each offence." See. 21. Revenue Inspector, or Deputy, to visit and examine every iicen- •ed bouse at least once a year, and prosecute for offences against tliis Act. " Sec. 26. " License to be constantly exposed in a conspicuous place and manner." Sea 35. Licenses of persons convicted under the act, " or of any felony," shall be revoked. .> Seo. 36. List of Licensed houses to be published once apyear or oftener. Bee. 37. Persons convicted of giving liquor to others, who afterwards, being intoxicated, commit suicide, &c., to be adjudged guilty of a misde- meanor, and liable in fine or imprisonment. Seo. 42. All suits under this act (except See. 37) to be brought in name of the Revenue Inspector. ,, 16 Vic. cap. 214, (amendatory of the foregoing,) enacts :— :j^i Seo. 2. The fifty municipal electors must reside in the ward for which li- cense is asked. Sec. 3. Oity Oouncils are requireid to ve^rify the signatures attached (o applications. 7'"' " ': - . .^ - Sec 4. And may require proof. - To ordinary minds, these provisions indicate a positive limitation of the traffic to such as comply with certain requirements. Those who ' grant licenses, must also investigate applications to secure conformity to these laws ** for the repression of intemperance." In reference, however, to licenses granted by the City Council last year, little or no investigation was made respec^g the signers of^applications. True, the Chief of Police was required to examine and report upon a few cases, which were consequently refused, but afterwards granted. Then, as now, liquor-sellers' applications were hawked about for signature by persons who received from $2,50 to $4 for each (includ- ing the swearing of it tkroughf if necessary.) In a certain instance, license was granted in one Ward, while the names on the application were evidently copied from one presented from another Ward ; and this is understood not to be a solitary instance. One of the signature- solicitors employed last year to " get up" a number cf applications, called on a butcher for his name, stating that he must sign three copies, one for the Mayor, one for the Council, and one for the Revenue Inspector ; being too busy to examine, he signed thrice, but on tifourtfi bping presented, he looked and saw he had been cheated into signing for so many different hotels and taverns, of the keepers of which he probably Imew nothing at all ! In this way houses of infamous repu- tation have procured license to sell liquor. The effrontery of some of the eanvasaera is only equalled by the batenesi of the buiineis. Lait year a member of committee of the Montreal Temperance Society was called upon, and nolent volern the name-honter commenced writing the gentleman's signature on four or fire petitions. A few days ago, a Chief Officer in the Order of the Sons of Temperance was remonstrated with for unneighborliness, in refusing to sign an appli- cation for a man he did not know. - < > v^ a ^ ^v^fi-^t r^ The applications for license from 1st of next month are now being got readf . There is one person w|io states he has 17 on hand, for the completion of which he will be paid $4 each. Another individual (the carrier of a citj dailj newspaper) has 25, for which he expects an average of $2,50 each ; while another person (alleged to be unable either to read or write) has from 8 to 12, for which he is to get from 10s. to I2s. 6d. a piece ! Had the license committee acted as the law and public morality demanded, a large number of applications would have been peremptorily rejected last year. Instead of that, the city suffers from a brood of fashionable Valhallas and miserable stews, saloons, recesses, and rum-holes, whence issue unspeakable evils as from a dread Pandora's box. Here is the illustration :— •»■ > V -3liJI££, — ^Kwingtht numbtr of licensed Iniu, Tavema and Skop$i % te MoHtreal, with the population by the cenetu of 1861, the number o/ municipal eUetore, and tuppoud population in 1860. .', \.,. , .; ;.. .^ * WARDS. Inns and Tavsbns. Shops. Population IN 1861. SCPPOMD Population IN 1860. MUNIOll>AL ELICTeBS. i.. '• Centre Ward. West " St. Ann's " St. Aatoine " St James' " East " St Lawrence " St Louis *' St. Harm's «' 19 26 39 32 'J7 47 60 21 24 4 7 20 4 7 17 8 11 3 2004 2680 8699 9940 8447 2286 8268 9012 6589 2779 3640 11899 13790 11747 3185 11468 12462 9130 289 361 1773 1730 1331 374 1414 1365 922 , 1 286 81 67,716 80,000 9,669 Accordingly, there are 366 places within the city limits, licensed to sell intoxicating liquors — being one for every 219 of the population, one for every 44> families, or one for every 27 municipal electors. •• " But there is another feature of the evil — namely, a legion of unli- cebsied houses where intoxicating liquors are vended— in some instan- ces secretly, the drink only being sold to such as give a preconcerted rignal or pass-word,— in others openly and fearlessly, as can be d«- •4 monstrated by the records of the Courts ! In 1857, the estimate of sneb places was that they were as two to one of the legalised houses. The number has rather increased than diminished. At present, 800 are belieyed to be the inside figures ! According to this estimate the ratio is 1 to every 100 persons, or one for every 20 families, or one for every 12 electors 1 If the estimate of the unlicensed traffic is nearly cor- rect, irnd the licensed figures are supplied from the Revenue Inspectors' books, there are 1166 places in Montreal where Uquors are vended*— being one foi^ every 70 of the inhabitants, or one for every 14 fami- lies, or one for every 8 electors I Deduct several thousands of ab- stainers, and the figures become truly appalling. Exclusive of local preachers and city missionaries, there are in our city (of all denomin- ations/ Eoman Catholic, Episcopalian, Methodist, Presbyterian, Congregational, Baptist, &c., &c.,) 117 clergymen, who have each, on an average, to contend against the malign influence of ten liquor i^iopt or bar-rooms ! But there is another note-worthy consideration. There are very few grocery stores in Montreal where liquors are not sold. A grocery license does not permit sale in quantities less than three half-pints— not to be drunk on the premises, yet many sell in small quantities to suit customers ! Nearly all the unlicensed places are groceries or pro- vision stores, numbers of which have been previously licensed, and some of them still have " licensed to retail spirituous liquors** over their doors! V7*..,*;> -»,. t,r. ,.-..;;;! :t vi i 7j:>i.;>' ;, .,.i>j i,:j-«i' :,.:.; A particular aspect of the evil which over-rides 'i>;3treal is, fre- quent and flagrant violations of the revenue laws. Nou i but a person who is a subject of Her Majesty, and who "is honest, sober, and of good repute," is supposed to be licensed. But this is al- most a fiction, so far as this city is concerned. Court records will show whether some of the privileged or licensed class are not violators of a law, which they have given bonds not to infringe. There are charges entered on the Police books against 109 liquor-sellers (some of them unlicensed ;) and the numbers of informations against indivi- duals range from one upwards — nine of them having been reported 40, 42, 44, 45, 47, 49, 59, 62, and 75 times respectively^since last August — and.not proceeded against ! One house is reported as " never closed, and is frequented by bad characters." An unlicensed house is thus described— << entertains disorderly persons at late hours, drinking and fighting." Another unlicensed house is designated — ** the worst place in Griffiatown, the resort of thieves and prostitutes, open the 6 «vaole night." Another unlieensed place is reported to be ** open almost ill night.*' And another unlicenied den, out of which three cabmen iuued on a recent 8abbath,moming about four o'dockf in time to find their sleighs en route for the Police Stationi— of which it is reported, " kept open all night as a rule, from sunset to sunrise throughout the greater part of the year.** The cabmen were fined hj the Recorder, — but the Magistrate could not reach the keeper of the place, (there being no noise or disturbance on that occasion,) ' the power to prosecute Ijing with the Revenue Inspectors. In this connection it should be mentioned that authority to prosecute under the license acts is vested exclusivelj in the Revenue Inspectors. At the door of the General Government, therefore, lies the heavy re- sponsibility of allowing all this violation of law to pass unpunished. For example, by mc. 12 it is enacted that no gaming whatsoever, by which " money, or anything which can be valued in money, shall be lost or won," shall be permitted in places licensed to sell intoxicating liquors. Yet it is notorious that gambling is practiced regularly in certain licensed houses ; and it is well enough understood that billiard, bagatelle, pigeon-hole, and Mississippi tables are in constant use in Montreal, in violation of a city ordinance which imposes a tax upon each ofthemof $100 Worse still, are not the liquor traffic and the drinking customs, the stepping-stones to the great " social evil" that, like a cancer, is strik- ing deep into society ? There are said to be thirty common houses of prostitution in our city, kept in premises made comparatively respecta- ble by a corporation license to sell liquor ; and there are, besides, as many houses of assignation where liquors are covertly sold. Com- ment is not desirable, further than to say, the names of the keepers have been shown. Why, for the sake of the morals as well as the fin- ances of the city— as also for the pecuniary welfare of Government — do not Licensing Committees and Revenue Inspectors do their duty 1 There may not be any consolation in the circumstance, still it may be mentioned, that immunity from prosecution is not alone a city privilege. Information from municipalities in the vicinity justify the belief, that an official inquiry would uncover a large amount of transgression winked at by officers. ' ,..:./%,, ■ ,.f There is another point to be referred to. Hon. Justice Mondelet^ in bis address to the Grand Jury at the opening of the recent session of the Court of Queen's Bench, (24fth March) called their attention in strong language to the intimate connection between intemperance and li enme. On the 27tb the Committee of the Montreal Temperance Soeietj sent a deputation to the Grand Jurj, to produce the teatimonj which is the baiis of this statement. Thej had an interTiew with the Foreman ; doeumentarj eyidence was shown to him, and further per- sonal testimonj proffered ; in repljr to which he expressed entire satis- faction, and stated that special notice would be taken of the matter hy the Grand Jurj. He requested a paragraph to be written, to be em- bodied in the presentment, — whieh was furnished to him. The fol- lowing note was subsequently received bj one of the deputation :— Grand Jurt Rooms, 30th March, 1860. DiAR Sir :— I beg to inform you, that the Grand Jury were not of opinion to make any presentment during the term,— not throueh any opposition from their part to your suggestions, whieh they cordi- ally approve, but merely from want of any other topics brought before them during this sitting. I remain. Dear Sir, yours truly, (signed) P. Lacoubk, Foreman. This naive communication implies, that the subject after all does not deserve special attention — notwithstanding the cordial approval. — With becoming respect for the judgment of the gentlemen of t!.e jury, it is nevertheless submitted that the flagrancy and extent of the evils herein set forth, demand a thorough investigation,— that but for the liquor-traffic and its attendant evils, Grand and Petit Juries would have fewer cases before them,— and that the whole subject merited presentment. In conclusion, it may be explained, that investigations in which the Agent of the Montreal Temperance Society has been engaged have disclosed so much material for serious reflection, that a statement of but a few of the facts is all that can be offered at present. It is pub- lished for the purpose of directing the attention of the public, the members of the Corporation, and particularly the License and Health Committees, to great and growing evils,— and to enable those at whose instance the inquiry was instituted, to discharge a duty incum- bent on all who have the welfare of society at heart. SUGGESTIONS RESPECTING LICENSES. Would it not be competent for the License Committee, with consent of the Corporation, and prior to considering applications for licenses, to determine how many hotels, taverns, saloons, shops or groceries, should be licensed for the retail sale of intoxicating liquors in each Ward of the city — taking into accofint the number of inhabitants, and any special necessity that may be supposed to exist 7 Shovhl not the Licenie Coninittee examine, or caiMe to be ei- amined minutelj, everjr apptieioion) and eqMciallj the aignaturei appended thereto, and ascertain the character of each applicant, and the reputation of the house for which license is asked,— ascertain whether the signatures on the bond required bj law are the names of reputable and responsible persons,— and then grant onlj so roanj as maj appear to be required t Should there be more than one licensed house for ever/ one thousand of the population 1 Under Act 19th and 20th Vic, c. 101, the Council could require all houses of " entertainment*' to ha?e a certain number of sleeping apartments, stabling accommodation, &c., for want of which there are now so manj one-hole places licensed in this citj. Would it not subserve the interests of society that the committee publish, first, the names of all applicants for license, with the full desig- nation of their premises 1 and, second, publish a similar list of those to whom license had been granted 1 The following are altered from a statement laid before the Royal Commission on the Forbes' McKenzie Act, by the Glasgow Ab- stainers' Union :— No grocer or provision dealer should be licensed to sell intoxieating liquors. ,. ~ No premises having back or side doors should be licensed. No liquor license should be granted for, or in connection with, places of public amusement. No intoxicating liquors should be allowed to be sold on river or canal boats, or railway cars, or at railway stations, nor at fairs, races, or other public gatherings. No property belonging to any Municipal Corporation, nor the pre- mises of any Municipal Councillor, nor of any public o£Qcer, or of any officer under the general Government, should be licensed. No house for the sale of intoxicating liquors should be opened before 8 o'clock, a.m.,nor kept open after 8 p.m., during the week days*-nor at all during the Sabbath. > Tenants or occupiers of premises where illicit traffic is carried on, and all parties found on such premises, accessory to or conusant of illicit selling, whether purchasers of liquor or others, should be subject- ed to penalties as actual traffickers. Dealers in intoxicating liquors should bear the entire expense incur- red in attending to, and desiiing with such cases brought before the Courts, as are known by the designations <^ drunk," " drunk and disor- derly," &c., and all cases of accident or death traceable to their in- strumentality, — besides being liable to civil suits in certain cases. NoTS. — The facts comprising the foregoing Statement were selected from among a mass of items the result of inquiries made at the request of the Oom* mittee of the Montreal Temperance Society, by their Agent, W. J. Patterson ; and they are now published and circulated under their superintendence. MONTIlBAIi : PRIMTIU BY J. 0. BIOKIT, ORIAT SAINT JAMIS STBIBT