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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS, >^ Aiuoiig the (l(jcuuiont8 at the Ministry of Marine in P«ris, catalogued by the Doiniuion Archivi8t.,i.s.i intiini»iial dated 1686 reli^^iiigto "Boaubassin.or Ciiignuc- to and Jiaif Vorte." Tlio c Jiitonts are not yivHii\but this early reference to Baie Vorte, and since Beau bassin ia ojupied with it, i'lferentially tu the route auroHs tile isthkiiuH aftia'wards so much used for niilitai;; purposes, is worthy uf note. In tlie same ollectinn is found a letter dated Quebec, -^2iid September, 16J)2 from d'Iburville, c.i|)tain of L.Poli, who h>d sailed from K(,4.Uelle in April, s:iy- ii'g that he brought to Baie Vorto provisions for deVillebon, L^^u commanding of- ficer in Acadia. The latter had been sent out from France in ^^591 as Governor of Annapolis, then Port Royal, in succession to Menneval, who hl'.d Burrendencl to Phipps in the jirevious year. At the time d'Iberville wrote frov Quebec, or shortly boforo,deViUeboii, hiviii;^ retaken the seat of his government from the chief sergeant (i. e. major) loft there hy Phipps, was engaged in <\>urHtions against some small forts near Boston. He certainly d les luit appear, by ii^tisdes- patchef>,to have been at that period in the neighborhood of Bnie Verte; her^.^e al- though there is no positive statement that the stores left there for his use \i,>fre transported by land to BeaubasRin, it is possible that they were taken by ti^;t route to Annapolis. >, It 'vill be mentioiittd later, that the road from Fort Beauacjour to Fort ( jaspeieau, was constructed in 1754, but it has been suggested by good authority that the work then done may have consisted in widening and making [)ritctic- able f.»r vehicles, an existing bridle-path; as it long before had been custoinary to drive cattle across from the Bay of Fundy for shipment at Bay Verte, and as it is recorded that about 1746 the Bishop of Quebec made the journey on horse- back. Colonel Moi Be of the Royal Engineers reported in 1784: "There is a road from Cuiu'oerland to Baie Verce. still passable, though it has been long neglected, and in some places broken up, hut in the time of the French uaft mnch »«sili8 laiuleil at T';iie Verto. In May 1 741} (JovLTiwir Shirley called atteiilioii to tlio iienossity for watcliiii'^ Haie Veito and Cliij^iieoto, repeatiii<4 tlie waruiiig in No- vemUor i)f that year. Shirley's fore»i«{lit can l)e iecoi;nized, when it in reiiieni- bared tiiat on the Hlh assin. In the follow in\f .lune, one Musen liennett furnislu'd the Kn^rlish (Government with a list of French ships then at Bale Verte, where «le Rameza} was strongly posted, with the desij^n, it was supposed, of attacking Annapolis. Notwith- standing the occasional use <)f IJaie Verte as a naval station and a t for provisions, no regular entrenchments appear to have been made there up to that time; and in fact the more important settlement of I5eaul)asi;in was theii* without defensive works, though they were soon to follow. Considered strategically, the isthmus of Chignecto has been, and ever will be, of the utmost imi)ortance. The part played in the last century liy the waters of the Missicjuash, and the Mic-Mac portage, or later by the FreJicli Road, will, in the warfare of the future, be undertaken by the Ship Railway and the Cape Tormentine Railway . Traces of that portage were seen near the liead of the river, many years ago, by Mr. Munro, the veteran Crown Land Surveyor, and Civil Engineer, who describes it as being aliout ten feet wide, and hollowed to troiigli shajjc by wear. Doul)tless their first efforts in the direction of roadmaking, were applied by the Frendi to the improvement of the two miles of portage, at the beginning (jf which indeed, remains of an old Acadian settlement mf, by Ue La Corne, of the French military posf, which developed into Fort lij lusujoiir, on the 8out!i side <;f the I-»thmus of Chignecto, was im nediatjly followed by .ho erecti:)u of Fort Liwrenoe. 2 miles distant, on the Biitish siile of the Missitiuash. The Acidians apparently were not actively h'Mtile to the measure, for on Sept. 27th, 175), M. Prevost, Comp- troller of Louisburg, informed the French Minister of War that the Engli.sh had disembarked 2.01)0 men at Hoaubis.ui.^burg that Fort Law- rence was of little importance; and the French denpatche^ of .lune 1751 report their continued resistance to Le Lontre's efforts to transplant them to the Island of St. .lohn, "becaust! they await a settlement of the boundaries." _i NOTES OF FORT MONVKTON. )l>8t, of llt.!» 'ert! iiil)- 1)1(1 tl»o trr- [1)11. ill iv\ - lOlt iiial This iljiiiMiistrHtion of tlio Eii^lisli wis le^ardod oth rwise by Lu Lxitre, wlio, iLC.'g!;iziiig the iimjoitaiice of m liiitniiiiug coimimiinj.ilion hdv juii llio for- tile Aaiiliaii sottleiiieiita of the liny ot Fiiudy and the fortresses of Quebec and Lf.iiishiiry, iiiyed the iiistaiit necessi'.y of buildiiii; reyular works at Huausejour and also ;it (Jasitereau Ilivor in Baie Ve.'te, with storehouses and niai^azines at the latter place. A letter from him dated IToD states that 40 families were al- ready settled about (i;(8|)ereau, and that he expected an addition uf GO in the s[)riM^ from Beaulias.sin. His representations were evireparations were at once made to found Fort Ueaiisejour, and in the same y<;ar, intelligence was received at Halifax, that the actual construction of Fort (Jaspereau had been commenced. Almost simultaneously, news arrived there uf the capture in Haie Verte of tl»e French 8loo|) L(*au«/i, 70 t»»ns, laden with arms, ammunition and stores fur the new fort, by Captain Le Cras of the Triitl. A letter from M. de iSt. Ojrs Doeh lillon, eomuuMidiiv^ the [lo.-its of Acidi.i, dated Aulac, 8th May, IT*")!, says th.it be hiks midn it his duty to laiild two forts, «»noatr^oi.J lieausejour, the (»th»!r at liaie Verte. where' he will w.iit for ;i.ll liii re inforcements. The s.inu letter rufer.s to the shipwreck of an EiiL'lish vessel near Oiifskitk, the crew of which had been ])rotecteil by the Frt.iicii from Tiidian «»utrat;e. Another, d ited LouisbiiTi,', 2ittli ,June, states that, it i.s ncoi-ssaiy tli.it M. de la Clue should ^o to liaie Verte, in order to c invoy thure t!ie ships wliith should Ljo clionce to Cauad i; presuin ibly with ]trovi8ion; for the <.;arrison of (.Jiiebec. P'ort (Jf'Npereau, now Foit Mouektoii, is placed upon a poin* of land o)dy a fev\ feet abovu tide, at tlTe miuth of the u ni)ere.iu, two miles fri.n the vdlaijo of Baie Verte. It oriijiiially was ^,^ palisideiO}ce - Cone 1 — Henry Y. Brown| 'I'rumball jDavid Day Willaid i- Willard Ephriam Jones iWm. Prescot Josiah Winslow — Armstrong Sand. Cilbert. — Fuller. 'Timo. Brow n IJoshua Lock STAFF OFFICEliS: Philip Godfrey, Cast Surgeon; Jacob March and (Ujrneliu-? Nye, Surgeon's Mates; Philip Godfrey. Cast Quarter master; John Bovven, Adjutaut. NOTES OF Four AWNCKTON. Juhn V'('ss('Im Kn,u;i<4" m I in Mt 11 C 20 kl oil's K«ns K.\l-eiliti()ii U. M. S. SiU'i'ess C'aitt. John House Washing )i Shi ley 1 1. M. rf. Alei-iiiiiid 20 iruns 11. M. S. Screh. JO Kuns Tonnage. ■' i*io".)e. UJk. Nh ne. Master Sloop I'ro.sperous 76 Joseph Bragdon 4( Molly 77 John Dog'^e t i( Klizabeth 97 Nathaniel Mulberry (t Victory 02 Wdliaui Roderick Schooner Leopard 88 Thomas Church Sloop Endeavour M Irwett t4 Dolphin 73 Na.haulel Herryman «i ae viiowor 81 Samuel ilarris .1 Swan 84 Jonathan Love't l« Mermaid 82 Sa iiuel Line )in Schooner Neptune Inclusiry 100 William Ford Sloop 8U V W', >rge ioodw; i ti Victory 77 WillianGro,v (( Hannah Hi'^hard Vdauis tt Three I'iend H OS Tho lias Cariis t» Yorke J^ N.uhaniel Preble •1 I'jiideavour Jatnes Nijholls it FhieiiiA N'athvaiel iiittle ie.d 4« .loUv 40 Jo.iakh I 1 Oavis kt Sally and .1 )ll V James P.irnngiDn «l i'ltrtuna iis John (Jhipp <• Biderod Benjamin Daniel (t III i^Jr Francis Perry B-iKHntiue Swallow Willia'u Hasp (t Falni juh With i'oLe (t Pega uis Atnininii- Nathan el Mile ilm Sc'ho >nL*r Molly tion Natha liel Go -don Sloop Eiideav(Uii and Edward Bacon S -hooiier Grjylioimd Stores — llodgkins it Mo'Tiuiack J Samuel Covi-rley It J ^au re nee (with Mom k- Hector Macneil . _ t) I ami S" a. 1.) . On the 26th May they reached Annapolis, whore they were joined by f.iur small vessels, and the Heet, 41 s»il in all anchored off the Joggins on the Ist June. On the following day they pi'ocoeded to fJalop's Cove, at a point of land lying between the iVfissiquash and La Planclie, where the diHembarkalion took place without opposition ; and by seven in the evening the troops were safely lodged in and about Fort Lawrence. The next day was devoted to l.uiding the stores, but early on the 4th, the Provincial Regiment, rei.iforced by 250 regulars marched towards Fort Beausejour, taking t)n the way, after \ spirited resist- ance,the blockhouse at Point de Bute. The interestinsj details ot the fall of Beau- sejour are beyond the scope of these notes, and indeed afford nn.ple material for it separate paper. Briefly, the seige was at once buuun in due form, and on the I6th June the Governor,M. de Vergor,8urrendered, marching NVKT()N. of w«r. It may bo hero Ruiil tliiit ho fell info «r'«jjrrtco on this nrcount, but was BubH««iuently rostorod to favour, Iuiviul; buoii clcarud of the accusations liiailo Hgiiinst him Willi roferonce to Bt'iiusojour, the (» tveriior of Louisburif repres- oiitod to the Minister on Nov. lOth, followini^ that ho had heard nothing lyiii-ist M. D. Vergor, who "niido a stout rosislanco coiiHidoring tlio circuniHtinco.i buth as regarding the fort and the niiniher (»f the garrison." Four years later thin officer was wounded and taken prisoner at Quebec, when coniniandiiig the guard on the heights e.scaladed by Wolfe. Having arranged by letter for the surrender of Gaspcroau, on June 18tli, Mo'ickton directtd Col,)iieI Winslow commanding the 1st battalion ot (iovernor bhirley's regiment, ^o jtarade 600 men in marching order at 10, a ni.. with the folhtwiiig instructions. It will be obiervol lint Be lusojour hid already received its present name: Fort Cc.mbehla.vu, .Jlnb 18. 1765. SiK,— I have o.xchan.;ed tern>.s of capitulation with rhe otticers y the side of a brook, refreshed ounselves and .set forward. Came to the Misaquach River at about three miles off the Bay of Verb, where the French had a tine bridge across, but n >\v dem disho.l, which retarded us .some till we could lay a new one, which we acconiplisheil and niarclied on. All the way a good cait road, tho' wet; the land for the most part very good till we came near the Bay, where it grew wor.so. Pa.ssed through the village at Bay Vert, arriv- ed at the fort about sunset, imniedi itely entend and took [)o8se88ion. M Ville- ray, commands, with about thirty regulars and some artiticers and marched out. The latter part of the day proved rainy." On tho 19th when reporti'ig to Monckton, he described the fort as being 180 feet square, having four bad blockhouses, a ditch partly du'.;, and an inferior palisade, but no ranij)art or glacis. He found a large storehouse in bad condi- NOTL'S OF FORT MOXCKTON. tioii. with no floor, uiitl tlio otlier huiMiiigs uiiteiiaiiliiblo. "No wnter buc whfit w;is ill tiil).s sot ill tliu groiuiil." Ho coiioluded Ijy rfcoiumoiuliiig that tlio fort ttlioulii 1)0 (li8iiiiiiitlcil. Tlio foliowiiig warlike atoros and pfovibiouH woro found there : 4 (iiiDs, 1 pounders. H Hopfsheads Molasses. 4 (Juiis, 2 pouiuluru. n Harrt'ls Peas. •J Swivels. H Harrols I'Mour. ') (lUii l/'arriaj?i'.s. 2:{') Marri'ls I'oik. 1 Hiirrels Powdor. •■i HarrtHs Tallow. 1 cwt. Musket 1 Jails, 10 (Jalloiis Lamp Oil. I'M) U')uud Shot. Dozen t;od Ijines. 50 Cartridges. Tlie diary continues : '*i'.)th .June. Or.lorod a [Kirly ot' 200 men to procood to tlui villai^o .»f Bay Verto, to make search for M. Lo L nitre's chest and papers, said to ho lodifLf the pro- 1 cotdiiiirs of the expedition, in v.'hioh are noti.'d several incidents of interest that occured in the neigliborhood of Sackville. He was soiujtimes at (Jaspereau a.- the following extracts will show. "97th June, 1755. Pleasant day, wind S. W. Lieut. Carter came from (iaspereau, Lieut, Lewis of the Rangers, likewise. They measured the road and find it 15( miles from Fort Cumberland to Fort Gaspereau" "8th July. Half after 5 ;i. in. , I marched with Major Preble, Ca])tain Steviiis, Lieut. Hervick, Mr. Philips (chajdain), two regular otHcers with a jiarty of 50 men from the camp to Fort Ga.speroau. We marched 9 miles, then A'or/iW o/-' Fnirr m<>N('kt(>s'. h;iltH(l tit II l)irrid({u,rt.>fruHlio(l ournulvcH iit n FriMicli lioiiite iienr tliu rivui,,iK>ii iiiHichuil to n vill.iyti lit the Hiiy of Vuit. KifieMliud ihhmuIvwh hI one iJhco iVIorol's ImusH, who is oiu! <>f the prinoipul iiili ihituitn of tliu vi[|;i;j;i'. 'I'lii.-i Wiis iihojt II o'clock, 11. 111. TliDii we pin.i ovt-r ii c.iiiHuwiiy ono and h hiilf miles in liMiutli, coiiiu to the Fort ((iLsiioiciiii. It i.s Hitii.itud on h point of hiiid wiiicli runs down tlic Buy. It in iiuitr 10 Imtgiio.i from tlui Irtliuid of .St. John. \iy I'.iu Fiuiicli Hccoiiut this oliopof thi! B ly iihoiind.i with chims, oystors, lobsttMs, eels, niiickeiol, etc, niid in Home seiisoiis of the year with all sorts of siii fowl, ^I't-so liriint, swans, in very ^'reat plenty, the tiiiilier oil the land chiefiy Hr. Captain Cobl) 'It present commands tliis Fort with Captain .loiios and IHO men. it is )>uiltwith pickets, 4 V>lockhoiif«is, on»' in each corjier of the fort, the whole Uroninl that it contain.s is 11)0 ffet sijnare, store house and barracks for '20U men. ' "JJLh.Iiiiy. Pleasant day. Alioiit 8 o'clock a. m., I aniputated a ley th liriiiitriiy. After the opi-ration was over all the gentlemen a> and i went to the villa;{v- aboiit 7 of the clock in the evening to see a Fruiiohwoinaii, sick. Roturneil to the Fort at 9 o'clock." "lOth Il.iiny. Wind N. E I woiibto the villiiire '^^iiin p. in., to visit some Freimh that were sick " "2r>tli I halgod at F 'it Lawrence. Lieutenant Wilaoii [lie lies buried in tim fort] came from (i.ispeieaii, brings an account that one of (.'apt. Cobb's men was killed passitii; from the fort (MoMoklon) to the village ui his horse. \'>>t\\ he ami his horse were killed, liis iia lu was Whitcom!), h.j came from Ilnnl- wick. Colonel M mckton ordered IVIajor Bourne out with 200 men lo (Jaspereaii to eiiipiire into the aflair. " "27th Pleasant day. Mr. Philips iiroached all day. Maji:r B.niriie re- turned to camp, and siipposrs the iiiaii aforeuieutioned whs killed by the Iinliaiis fioiii the Island of St John." In the small biiryinj ground of Fort Monckton, «heie from the eiicroich- nieiit < f sea, bleached human bones are exposed to view, may be seen the grave of the ntHii Dr. Thomas mentiona. The stone bears tiie iDseriptioti; "James Whitcond., killed by the Indians 24 July, 1755." "15tli .\U'4. Captain .loiies came in from (iaspereau. Brings us an account fl>Ht •"Miie of the party which marched from us tiCobigate and Ilamshak had ar- rived to Claspereau with two vtssela w hich they had taken from the French in a harbor as tlu>y were bound for Louisbifg with cattle and stieep." "3id Sept. Major Frye returned with hi.^ party and brought us the account of \\\n defeat (at Petitcoliac by Boishebert), and the wounded, among whom was LieiiteUMiii Hillings, badly wounded through in the arm and Ik dj , A pfniy likewise from the l>ay of Vert under the coinniand of Captain dilbert, who had been and eonsumeil that village, and the houses adjacent " "27tli Sept. TJiis moriiiiii,' 200 men marched for (Jaaperiau under the oomnMiid of Major Frye. Doctor Tyler went with them." "6th Oct. Captain .Jones came here [Fort Cumberland]t'rom (Jaspereaii with 40 men." Here follow some interesting notes of military operation in the neighbor hood of Sackville, but no further reference to Fort CJaspereau appe.ars in Dr. N0TE8 OF FOHT MONUKTON. Jaiiiua H- tliu .11 with ThomHB' dinry; Hiid it is prdbablo thiit Miijor Frye who nnrchml on Sept. 27th with 20U iiiun to Fort Moncktim, remained tliere in command until ihu follow - in'4 Hprini.'. Colonel VVinalow hnd iilrendy left (m Auj,? Kith for MinaH, and Dr. Thomaa proceeded to Halifax on Dec; Jst. In Auj^UHt (Jovernor Lawrence had written to Colonel Monckton, tixin<4 theHtreiiKth of the garrisons for ) he coming winter as follows: For Fort Cumberland 500 men. F»>r Fort Lawrence 100" For Fort (iaspereau 200" The ^arriHon for Gaspereau corresponds to the party marched oui ^>y Major Ktye, who apparently remained on the Isthmus, for in 17fi0 ho was i»: onunand <>l Fort Cumberland, as ap|)ear8 in the report of the Dominion Arclnv.st, [List .>f ilocuments at the Ministry of Marino in Paris]. "Feb. Htl 17<>0, Articl".. of submission made ind entered into by M. itlenack, priest, Fr» icolj Ar- senau, Abraham Du(.' ■ ^'ichael Bour}» and Paul Le lilai.c, for thoin.-'ves and on behalf of the French residents >f Miraniichi, Ri'^hiboucco, B »ukiop, Mem- eramkouk, ami , etkoutiak, to Joseph Frye, Esijuire, Colonel comnia»»f'iinj; tha English wjirrison at Fort Cumberland." In April 17r»<) tha Governor of Louis- bur)^' reported to the French Minister of War that Forts Bennoejour and Gas- pereau had been closely beset by the Indians during the winter. Another tombstone in the burying jjround records that Sergeant Mackay and eight men were killed and scalped by the Indians in 1756, while brimong firewood into the fort. In the same year a lieutenants' party of 30 men was surprised and several lives were lost. It is not clear whether b<»th the accounts point to the same disaster or to diti'erent incidents. Two places are shown as scenes of ambuscade; (me at Indian Point on the shore of the bay, the other on the road to Pr>rt Elgin at a short distance from the fort. Near the first, a stone arrowhead has been |tickea up, while other Indian weapons have been found in the neighborhood. That constant ))etty warfare was carried on against the garrison is certain, in fact the service of fatigue parties became at length so dan- gerous, that on Sept. 15 175(5 the governor in Council determined to abandon the smaller forts, Lawrence and Monckton, and to strengthen Fort Cumberland by their garrisons, assigning for reastm that the French and Indians I rking in the woods never failed to tire upon small j)arties. Murdoch says: "On the 26th Aprcl 1756, Lieutenant Bowen was out fiom this fort with a party of 30 men, in order to get wood. They were attacked by a body of Indians, who killed and 8cal])ed nine of the men and wounded another." In that year Boishebert, whose force in 1757 was one hundred Acadiansand 250 Indians, made a descent upon Baie Verte, kil'ing seven Englishmen, and taking one prisoner, besides burning a vessel of 200 tons upon the stocks, and a schooner lying at anchor. Whether this occurred before or after the garrison WHS withdrawn does not appear. TJT^' 10 NOTES OF i?ORT MONCKTON. Although Governor Shirley's regiment was raised fur one year's service only,and that the particular expedition upon which it embarked, it has been seen that Major Frye of the second battalion remained, to become governor of Fort Cumberland in 1760. It is pr obtble that others remained with him attracted by the fertility of the soil and the prospect of obtaining grants of land. A single instance is known. There came to Newburyport in 1764 from Plymouth in Devonshire, three bi others named Goodwin. One of them Daniel Goodwin, attached as scout to Capt Adams' company of Rangers, of VVinslows' battalion, remained behind also as one of the garrison of Fort Cumberland, where afterwards most of his child- ren were bom. This progenitor of the numerous race of the name residing in the vicinity of Bale Verte, is traditionally said to have b«en the tirst Englishman to cross 'the Isthmus from Fort Lawrence to that place, hence it is supposed that he was the bearer of Monckton's letter summoning Villeray to surrender That the quality of the land about Chignecto was observed and appreciated by the members of the expedition, is evident from the diaries of Winslow and Dr. Thomas. It is not therefore unlikely when the immigration to Nova Scotia from New England took place in 1763. that some of Shirley's regiment may have returned to settle in the neighborhood of the forts they had assisted to capture. Inscriptions at Fort Monkcton. (June 1, '91 I JAMES WHITCOMB, Here Lyes ye [body] Kiu.BD BY Indians, OF Serjt, MacKay, July the 24th, 1755. & 8 MEN KiLL'd [and] scalp'd by ye Indians Increase Robinson. IN BRINGING IN f[iRE] DIED Oct'r. ye 5th, 1755. wood [feb 26] 175«. AGED 28 YEARS. Here Lieth ye Body op Nathaniel Hodge. Capt. Joseph Will[son]. DIED Sept, 1755. WHO DIED OCT. 9th, 1755. iET 32 AGED 50 years. hir Note: Joseph Allen of Cape Tormentine, now about 77 years of ago (whose grandfather was present at the taking of Fort Beausejour) says that his father, many years after the occurrence, saw at Baie Verte the Indian who killed James V\''hit?omb, and who related the particulars uf the affair. It appears that the Indian lay in ambush on a wooded knoll in the marsh since called Birch Island, and as Whitcomb rode by from the village, where he had been sent for milk for the Fort, bade him stand -tnd he would give him fl;ood quarter. The soldier refused to surrender whereuiK>n the Indian shot him. I YORKSHIRE SETTLERS. CHARLES DIXON. nmrsh lere he u him n shdt The following paper was read before the Chignecto Historical Society on 9th July 1892, tit the celebration on the Dix<»n homestead of the 120th anniver- sary of the landing of Chailes Dixon at Sackvill ', by his grandsc n, Jauies D. Dixon, Esq.: To the rid^^e of land upon which we stand beliinga perhaps as ninoh oxen and , 25 young cattle, six horses, 30 sheep, 13 I hogs and 2 goats. A house and barn and some out houses stood ujion the property very near where the house of the late Captain Towse now stands. Thire was also h house and barn on the farm at Frosty Hollow and about 20 head of stock which was undei rental to one Daniel Dickinson. To this land where 12 YORKSHIRE SB^TTLERSi. we are assembled he gave the name of Patiujalsle. Mr. Dixsun himself wa3 not -i fai mer iiiid had never follow ed that occupation. The spring he arrived here was late, cold ai:d diacourayihi^. He saya h>* found almost the whole popular tioii, whi; had come here from New B]iigland some seven years previously umch discontented and de>irou8 of s. 11- ing their '.mds and letiirnin;^ to New England. He strove to ascertain the cause of such universal discontent aiid soon arrived at the- conclusion if was due to indolence aiid iyuorance. Accustonu'd as he had heen to untice the agriculture al operations of Yorkslriv, jierhaps at that time the most advanced, of any pun of Engljind or even of Europe, the n w- er and cruder opei.ttions which here met his obr-eivution could noi but suf- fer by jomparis(Ui. It is but reasonable to suppose l:he New E'l^landers with tlieir seven yjars experience with the soil and cliuiate of this country, should have actjuired a more correct general know leilije of the country and its caj a- bilities than a stranirer, who had no practical knowledge of agricultural pur» suits could he capable of forming with (Uiiy a couple of weeks observation. Here, howver he applied himself (lili- j;ently to the cultivHtiou and improve- ment of his estate in which he was assist- ed the first y( ar by Thomas Anderson who with his youthful bride were his fel- low passeu[;e;8 from Enylind. If is said of Mis. Anderson that upon their arrival at Halifax, she was so Inunesick she earnestly desired to return to Eiij;- land in the same ship. A vtar la;( r Mr. Dixon writes a pnper rcconling the cir-^ cumstaiices of his early life, his occipa- tion, his reliu'ious views, his nuirriai.'e, the reasons inducing hiui to leave Eul'-' land and his coming to America and his settlement here concluding with the words f(»llowing '"and now let us adore that Providence that h;is brought us through many dai'<.'ers froinour Father's house and given us a It in a strange land and an inheritance which we never deserved nor exjiected." Between 1772 and 1777 a considerable number of other families from YorKshire came out and settled in Sackville and adjoining locali- ties, some of whom were encouraged to do so by Mr. Dixtn while some were aided and assisted by him in procuring suitable locations for settlement. The loyalty of these English immigrants was jilmost immeaiately put to a severe test by circumstances connected with the vevx olutionary war, and the fact that so large a proportion ot the New England settl- ers here, actually .sympathized with the revolted Cohmies. But to the h