IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) •l»l 1.0 ^^tii u Itt |22 .0 LI M u 140 1:25 iU 11.6 Hiotographic Scifflices Corporation 23 WIST MAIN STRUT WIUTER,N.Y. MSM (716)S73-4S03 4^ ^ V WrS CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICIVIH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical IMicroraprod'Jctions / Inttitut Canadian da microraproductiont historiquaa Tachnical aniJ Bibliographic NotM/Not«t t«chniqu«M at bibiiographiquM 1 t Th« Inttitut* has attamptad to obtain tha baat original copy avaiiabia for filming. Faaturaa of thia copy which may IM bibliographically uniqua. which may altar any of tha imagaa in tha reproduction, or which may aignificantly changa tha uauai mathod of filming, ara chaclcad balow. Coloured covara/ Couvartura da coulaur [~n Covara damaged/ D D D D Couverture endommagte Covers restored and/or laminated/ Couverture restaurte et/ou pellicula □ Cover title missing/ Le titre de couverture manque I I Coloured maps/ Cartes gtegraphiques en couleur □ Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black)/ Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) I I Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ D Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur Bound with other material/ Reli* avac d'autres documents Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin/ La re liure serrde peut causer de I'ombre ou de la distortion le long de la marge intArieure Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajouttes lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans le texte, male, lorsque ceia Atait possible, ces pagea n'ont pas 4tA fiimAas. Additional comments:/ Commentaires supplAmentaires; L'institut a microfiimA le meilleur exemplaira qu'il iui a AtA possible de se procurer. Les dAtaiis da cat exemplaira qui sont pc^it-Atra uniquea du point da vue bibliographiqua, qui pauvent modifier une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une modification dana la mithode normala de fiimage aont indiquAs ci-daaaous. □ D D E Q D D D D Coloured pages/ Pages da couleur Pages damaged/ Pages endommagtes Pages restored and/or laminated/ Pages restauries et/ou pelliculAes Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ Pages dAcolortes, tachettes ou piqutes Pages detached/ Pages dAtachAes Showthrough/ Transparence Quality of print varies/ Quality inigaie de I'lmpression Includes supplementary material/ Comprend du materiel supplAmentaire Only edition available/ Seule Mition disponibie Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata alips, tissues, etc., have been ref limed to ensure the best possible image/ Les pages totalement ou partiellement obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une pelure, etc., ont M fiimtes A nouveau tie fa^on A obtenir la meilleure image possible. 1 I < f t t i c f s c I fc fi r r This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est film* au taux de r6duction indiquA ci-dessous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 26X 30X 7 12X 1SX 20X 24X 28X 32X Th« copy filmad h«r« ha* b««n r«produe«d thanks to tha ganaroaity of: D.B.WildonUbrary Univiriity of WMttrn Ontario L'axamplaira film* fut raproduit g^-iea A la g4n4roait4 da: aB.W«ldonUbrary Univwfiity of Waittm Ontario Tha imagaa appaaring hara ara tha baat quality poasibia conaidaring tha condition and iagibility of tha original copy and in Icaaping wKh tha filming eontraet apacif ioationa. Las Imaga* auivantaa ont At* raproduitas avae la plus grand soin, compta tanu da la condition at da la nattatA da I'axampiaira fiimA, at an conformitA avac las conditions du contrat da filmaga. Original eopias in printad papar covara ara fllmad baginning with tha front covar and anding on tha last paga with a printad or illuatratad impraa- aion, or tha bacii covar whan appropriata. All othar original copiaa ara fllmad baginning on tha firat paga with a printad or illuatratad impraa- aion, and anding on tha laat paga with a printad or illuatratad impraaaion. Tha last racordad frama on aach microfieha shall contain tha symbol — ^> (maaning "CON- TINUED"), or tha aymbol ▼ (maaning "END"), whichavar appliaa. Las axampiairas originaux (*ont la couvartura an papiar aat imr rimAa sont filmAs an commanpant par la pramiar plat at an tarminant soit par la darnlAra fiaga qui comporta una amprainta d'impraasion ou d'illustration, soit par la sacond plat, aalon la cas. Tous las autraa axampiairas originaux sont filmAs an commandant par la pramiAra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'impraaaion ou d'illustration at an tarminant par la darnlAra paga qui comporta una talla amprainta. Un daa aymboias suivants apparaltra sur la darnlAra imaga da chaqua microfiche, salon la cas: la aymbola — ► signifia "A 8UIVRE". la symbols V signifia "FIN". Maps, platas, charta, ate, may k>a fllmad at diffarant raduction ratios. Thoaa too larga to ba antiraly included in ona axposura ara fllmad baginning in tha uppar laft hand corner, laft to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illuatrata the method: Lefi •'tea, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre filn. ■» A des taux da rAduciion diffArents. Lorsciue la document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul clichA. il est fiimA A partir da I'angia supArieur gauche, de gauche a ;iro'ta, et de iMut on bas, an prenant la nombre d'imagas nAcessaire. Les diagrammas suivants illustrant la mAthoda. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 SlfHil!IJ-IinmrWBH«m!!W!KW!WS!a!HB!MSRS«!^^ ■i..j..i..jj.j. -i-t t-unu..i.4.4..j. T } JOURNAL OF THE VOYAGE or THE -ii BRDMWICK AUXILIARIES » -H moM' ^SVOLFENBUTTEL to QUEBEC BY F. V. MELSHEIMER, CHUPLMH TO THE DUKE OF DRUNSWICK'S DRDGOON REGIMENT, * - (iiNDBN, 1770. : r i ':,-■% . I . . ' QUEBEC: I 'MOKMINO CHBblilOLB" StBAM PBIimKG EsTABLISMMBMT. 1891. Kl / :M < ■• •'.'■SI i t.^; ; *' :f : . ^^-V-£. :•> ^ n \ mK ii i':A JOURNAL OF THE VOYAGE OK THE BRUNSWICK AUXILIARIES moM TVOLFENBUTTEL TO 'I I'' QUEBEC IJY F. V. MELSIIEIMER, CHAPLAIN TO THE DUKE OF BRUNSWICK'S DRAGOON REGIMENT, MINDBN, 1776. QUEBEC : "MoRNisG Chronicle" Stkam Printing Establishmext. 1891. 10 OtS^^ ( t V V T B PREFACE. Thi, Journal was presented fo the Society by William L. Stone. Esq.. of Jersey City. N. J.. U. S. A., author of the Lrfe and Times of Sir Wm. Johnson. &e.. &o.. together with the translation from the German, of the second part. The first pari having been translated by William Wood, Esq Council Secretary; to both these gentlemen the thanks of tHe Society are tendered. Melsheimer was Chaplain of the Brunswick Regiment Of Dragoons and was present at the battle of Bennington where it seems his regiment suiTered severely, and he was wounded in the arm shortly before being taken prisoner. The Journal of the Hessian Regiment Von Huyn states he was. in October. 1778, at Newport on parole with other xfrunswick officers. \ 1 PAl^T I. The 22nd February, 1770, was the day appointed for the marchhig of the first four regiments of Brunswick auxiliaries from Brunswick and Wolfenbiittel. The regiments march- ing with the lirst Division were : 1. The Duke of Bruns- wick's Dragoons, under Lieut.-Colonel Baum. 2. Riedesel's Foot under Lieut.-Colonel Von Speth. 3. Prince Frederick's Foot under Lieut.-Colonel Pretorius. 4. The Grenadiers under Lieut.-Col. Breymann : all under the command of Major General Von lliedesel. Our route from Brunswick almost to Stado lay entirely through moors, an unpleasant one for those who wore accustomed to better districts highly cultivated by an in- dustrious peasantry. No fruitbearing field, no pleasant meadows, no happy hamlets, but everything miserable; everything dismal, an unvarying monotony and 27 miles of it without a break ! Whoever could go through this with- out melancholy must be far above the reach of pleasure. The route taken by the Dragoons (the corps was divided on the march) lay by Grossen Schwiilper, the first Hanoverian village, the property of Herr Von Wahrenholz and situated 2 miles from Wolfenbiittel, from here to Isenbiittel (2 miles) and Wahrenholz (3 miles), where we had our first rest, which, on account of the good arrangements of the Hano- verian government, refreshed us very much. The first camp after this was at Nettelcamp (4 miles), then Linden (2 miles), and lastly Amolunghauson (2J miles), w^here we rested another day. The Major General and Staff joined us here, and from this time on our regiment had the honour of seeing the General continually with it. We left the wretch- ed village behind us with joy, and our next billet in 188 I i 138 X ^,.r Iho \>e8t was III 1 \ was much be"^^' ". . , _^ account of its favourable «'« ^ custom h'""«-.^,he t„rtift.'»- citizens. Hote h.te ^^^^^ ^^^^ ®' v ' e a mile wide ,,,o„g fori ou »^« ^'^/l. The Elbe 'f^-;^' J^i„« on tious ate '"f "^ *^,„,H.rs of iBlands, the goo B ^ ^^^^ ,„d is dotted v,>th^.«»^^^^ ,„„ -"""'Tosrpowettul which is much sou^n Germany » »<» ' ^ ^a Tight than the vtev^■ of o,^ ^^^^^^^^ , the ^^ commercial toNvn^. ^^^^ 8^ ^ „ther pl^JJ " „, ^iU ri,e..,andyouha^etoo'. j^. It wa« ag«n5^,,,^„de -"' ^n SSace -d took our;-* ^f 'liugh this that we left *^".^'„„ over a day lor rest. ,* ^ tg ate <'-*""'t::uXted- Haarln.rS^He^.^ab^^ ^^^ place IS as well 8 by RshmS-. ^ ^^ched on Ustly POO' ""'V; stade (24 miles), whtch we re our last march to ^^e (J_^^ ^ ^.^^,„ rtra-PO^'" the 5th March with ^^ ^.^^^„^^,. As i* ^j^^ „ent either by deser^^ ^^^^ 1"«*^''^„lrrest on their had not yet ^l^'l^l^i at having -«'°j!\j; g„od tort- -^^'"^ '^fdet a fairly large place "^^^^l^j, the '"""'ft is oted to the Elbe by » J*J^, ., ,«, small i Si;eAo.l.oodshavetobeb ^^^^^^^^^ "clnel Eaucet ha^ ^^ rSgUe^o ^^^^ corps was mustered and ^ ^^ ^arch <>« J'^/ora- of England taken ^'^^^^barcation began With th {^^^^^^^' ^U Colonel Baum. (2) Minerva *.'.** Major Van Meibom. (3) TJnlon 139 was iA account eU to do h i» i^^ * , fortiR<-a- mile >N'ide grazinff on ine a finer t powerftti ^ the broad p around to .nst out vriU u Buxtebude IthougH this habitants aie made Lcn vre ,e reached on from the regi- the transports (4) John uud Jumos Lt.-C*olonel Broymanu. (a) Laurie Captain Von Biirtliiig. (0) Apollo CaptiiJii Von Schick. (7) Uoyal Briton Captain Voii Lohneisen. (8) Harmonic Lt.-Coloncl Von Spoth. (0) Elizabeth Captain Von Toclnitz. (10) Polly Captain IIar»)ort. (11) Nancy Major Von Mengo. (12) Prince of Wales Lt.-Coloncl Pretorius. (18) Providence Major Von Ilille. (14) Lord Sandwich Captain Rosenberg. {lit) Beggy Captain Dieterich. ( 16) Martha Lieutenant Wolgast, which was told off as a horse-transport. the town; Considering that we were at sea, whtire the comforts of land life are necessarily al)seni, our quarters were very good. The vessel I found myself in was the '• Minerva," 102 Rhenish feet long by 24 beam ; the cabin was an un- commonly good one with two side rooms fitted up with beds. We had a crew of 143, who were provisioned for six months. The soldiers' sleeping quarters were very good, clean and in good sanitary condition. Every soldier got the very first day a mattrass, a small pillow and a plain and a coloured coverlet, with all which he could make himself very comfortable. The daily rations consisted of the "tn , pulse, biscuit, salt meat, butter, cheese, small beer, brandy lance to the IS-i b . j^^j water, which were divided into proper portions. We h our transp ^ j^^^^ hardly been two days at sea before we had become so ran "With the V (accustomed to our new way of living that we almost forgot leVs and the i (that there was anything new in it at all. At last the day •ked. T^^® ^* f of departure broke in upon our pleasures, pleasures for ^which we were chiefly beholden to the leading families of ill Kiedesel, (fitade. Eleven A.M. the 19th March we all, with the ex- )ragoon8. jlception of the Flagship and four others, set sail for Frey- )auin. i)urg, where we again anchored, being thus enabled to still ileibom. the test on their ^as a good fort- tributary, tne kt in very small on I 1 140 ' c.u T?lhP • a litU« lower iown tW „,e Ae sweet waters of he Elbe ^^^ ^^ ^^^ became brackish. Ou this our ^ „an-ot-wai in GWckstadt, a Dan-^ town Aj w ^^^ ^^^ ^^ the little harbour, it being '"^"^ " ^ ^^,^ i^st chance of of the customs. Asl ^-^^^^,^1 also to settle some enjoying myself f^««, "^f, ^oVreyburg on the afternoon afi'airs at m, inn, I 7«»* .°;" .i, either a village han » of the 20th. The pl-<=^.' .^^^'K,,, ^nd fisher folk. By town, the people are cb.efly^ ^f^j,, .hips coming on fro™ «y ,eturn the sailors hai^'S^e^ ,i„ weighed anchor Stade and elsewhere. Ihe ""^J =g ^Ues), the wind aud dropped down only to ^-f^H ,^, „ight prepara- bein" not very favourable , he e w i ^^ ^ suburban S;°toan early start thenext ay. Cuxh^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^^^ part of Hamburg, «'t"***^\;\riJor clearing. Its citizens Ling convenient for «h.P« - -;= ^, , a.m. the 23rd of are prosperous and !>"* >^tle *axed i^ the officer in corn- March, the wind being moreja ^^ ^^^ ^.^^^^ f , ..andorderedaguntobefi^ed, ^^^ very fast J^ our putting oat. ^^^ '^^ J„,„^erck, with its Ught-house leaving behind the Island of N^»^ ,,,^el was m and straggling bui^-|^- J «- ,, t,e pilots off; ours waiting opposite the isian manner. Taking leave of us in .lU J= an aff cUn„^^^ ^^^^ The commencement "f °« /;/j aid we glide throagl SO light was the -'"^^"^^ Wer part of the day m JO V the water that we spent *« -'« J^^^^ ^y ^ sea like converse on deck. We ^"e^"' of the sun. Sue ^inor which was lit "P^^^f ^^^ul imP^ession on ar Tsi-ht never fails to make a P^^^f ^ ^j^.^g so subta on? previously -rrTti^e^-^oJoi Heligola. 0„e?.M.wesightedthered nds^er ^^^^ ^ and at 5 P.M. were so "J^J^^^^^t objects to strike everything very f f y-. .^^te and then a little town ,Ja church and a^h^o-^^^ down by the wat the clitfs and some tistitrme 141 edge. There is a little white-sand island between which and the mainland lay a large number of ships, some refit- ting, others victualling the port, for no corn grows there. We sailed away so slowly that at 4 A.M. on the 24th we could still see the island. The wind then changed and freshened. The lively motion of the ship soon made both officers and men very sea-sick; Cornet Grraef and Surgeon Vorbrod were not sick, and as for myself I never felt the slightest touch of it. We were now alone and the captain could not make out one of our companions. Before you have been to sea yourself you have terrifying ideas of a gale. Waves as high as the highest towers, bot- tomless abysses, and so on, who can help a shudder at all this on reading it in a book of travel. It is true enough that our ship was often borne up on the crest of an immense wave and then fell back with a plunge into the trough. However there is no real danger, the ships rising and fall- ing with the sea is the most natural way. From time to time we would ship a sea, or, to speak more correctly, a drenching shower of spray which some great wa^e would dash against the bulwarks; I have often observed this. If those kind mothers whose love compels them to torture their children by rocking them in a little cradle could only be tossed about for a day as we were they would hardly aiiiic*- . -^..R take such severe measures again to put their babies to , xnost auspicioub. o I ri ihrouffh sleep; for even the strongest of us, though not actually ^ u' A in ioUy is^^^» ^^1* * giddiness and headache as well as a soreness of ^ K^g a fthe limbs the whole time we were on board. Sucli 1 The 25th we had a stiff and favourable wind, so that we on an^ Jhad hopes of soon sighting England. How we rejoiced the down they yje passed an-of-war in le protecting st chance of > settle some the afternoon rillage than a jherfolk. By omingonfrom weighed anchor les), the wind night prepara- n is a suburban the Elbe, and ing. Its citizens L.M. the 23rd of e officer in com- ,s the signal for very fast, soon ith its light-house ilot vessel was in pilots off; ours anner. a sea 8 of the sun impression thing so subHm« 5iiext morning on seeing our hopes fulfilled. The English /w liffolan^ |coast, on account of its chalk formation, is most dazzling to ^^^^ A' fnffuis^^® ®y®*^ when the sun is shining on it. First we sighted ^^® *° ^^trike x^ Forelands, then a little town, and then about 10 A.M. )bjects ^^^^Lq^ into the Channel proper. We bogged our captain to then a i ^^^ ^j^^ shore, so closely as posf^ible, in order th-U. we might own by tne w» ^ 4 +v»is he did for us. We Uve a good view of ^^^XlnA^ cliff for some time; had seen Dover Castle P^^^^^ "''^ther parts. In the dis- Lw we could d^tingmsh many oth^^ ^ ., ,„ as tance the castle aPP«»'*'\*° ^^ „[ high antiquity- TJ»4«^- ' .e conldjudge it seemed t be fM^^.^^^ ^^^^^.^ neath lay the town, f^rly 1«S ^^ji ,,,vice be- aodem in appearance ahere i ^^^^^^^^ ^^ ly tween Dover and C^-. -J ^e. ^he same boat often twenty-one English miles wi ^^ g^^j^^^ = i crosses and recrosses « '^^^^ J ,^,y^s the Frencl German miles.) A ^S P^j;; ^1 rf different kinds kep coast. A great number of s^ tow ^^^^^ ^,,ti„g on ih continually oirfnS -^^^Je ,os; sight of Dover, an raaste and yards. At 1 F* f . eonsiderabl from this on the Channe kj on ^^^^ ^^ ^ ^ Soon we lost s.ght of France a ^^^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^ . talked much that day abouMhePPy^^^^ ^^^^.^1 , rest in peace. ^^^ ,, the captain thai Although we had ^«" P ^ ,„^ that evening, would drop -2\lg d L«^ ^y -~''*^y Tt were di«»PP°^.f t' ^ ' i^^ found ourselves opposite the ,, t A.M. on tl'^ 26th we tou p„t,^outh we of Wight. Asthowmdwas^a^^^^^.^^^j^.j^^^,„ to go on tacking till 1 ^^ • , prosperous vc 7 we dropped a'^^^J"' f ^i^^ ,- ,„d " Laurie " were from Cuxhaven The Unio ^^^^^^^ ^^ the evening before, the rest to o J ^^^ ^_^^^^^ in on the 2Mh. As we were e^ S ^^ ^.^j^^^ tr- ti ttt. .i"^ ^'.- "• •" iu id for us. "We ' is safe for the largest ships, and is very well buoyed. Be- f T some tiiue ; sides several others .aere was a man-of-war here all ready . Yn. the dis- for sea which protected the roads. The town itself is of vinff * so ^*^ *^ ^^^ ^^^ appearance towards the sea ; the houses are small 'auitv. Uuder- and nearly all one-storied, the streets are narrow, >vith the wealthy uor exception of High Street. The side-walks are flagged with ail service be- big stones and the carriage ways well paved. The arsenal rhannel is only and dockyard are splendidly equipped. You can view boat often them except on Sundays and at meal timefi. The ramparts IPQ English =15 (are lined with fine trees and form a favourite promenade . nff the French for the townsfolk. They are mounted with 142 iron ff nt kinds kept cannon which command the roadstead. We had the plea- \ n resting on the 'Bure of seeing a great warship still on the slips. She is the \\t of Dover, an(3 1* Britannia," of 120 guns, 220 ft. stem to stern and 52 beam, ' nff considerably with a crew of 700. She is to be more powerful than any f England. W* foreign ship afloat — power is her strong point, as she can lot of England, o^nly sail with a good breeze. aken especial cart . rpj^^ Marine Hospital, which strikes the stranger's eye [rh south coast is ||[iore than anything else, is on the other side of the har- of invaders, and s|^m, (Opposite lies Gosport with its ramparts and bat- seas her people marries.) It is a large copper-roofed building excellently adapted for its purpose. Here those who have served their the captain that loountry by sea for many years may calmly pass the rest of da that evening, ^!Eeir days in peace, not forgetting to bless the King who, if contrary winds, yj;^ has done little else in a philanthropic way, is at least in 'Ives opposite the liiijys instance of the Marine Hospital entitled to the heartfelt Portsmouth "We hjjanks of his subjects. What reflexions the mere sight of wind shifted and fjis building gives rise to — the perils of battle, of the sea, prosperous voya|ie loss of ship mates, the glories of victory. The inhabi- " Laurie " were th|(|its' manners are mid-way between the lightsomeness of rreat delight, all caMg French and the gravity ot the English. The continual ? for America vi,||^gence of so many strangers has undoubtedly altered the seeino" the sights, .jltional character here. They are open-hearted, wide- Iv situated, the harb^ake, ready to oblige if you only win their confidence by north and east (^y unaffected goodfellowship. Goods of all kinds are WigM. Theentrar; i,vs I 144 dear6t than in Gl-efmany, but much better ; if it was not 1 the heavy duties there would be little difference in pric( The English troops haying embarked, and also the Hesi Hainault Regiment, which was in Major Greneral Rie( sel's command, we waited for our sailing orders. We g them at 5 P.M. the 4th of April ; but had to come to aga as the wind was ahead. Our fleet was now of twenty-ni sail, including two frigates of thirty-two guns each, whi were to convoy us across. The 5th the wind shifted ai we weighed anchor and stood out at 7 A.M. (W. by N. 3 We were astonished at the change in the colour of t water ; the North Sea appeared bright green, this blac On this account we could now see clearly the phosphon cent wake we left behind us. (W. ^ N. 38.) The 7th } were off Plymouth, where we ran in according to ordei So bad was the wind that we spent the whole day tackif up the roadstead. (W. by N. 40.) At 5 P M. we savvj tender, which brought General Burgoyne fresh ordeif these shattered all our hopes of seeing this famous port a^ closer. "We were very much disappointed at missing i^ chance of seeing this place which, cur captain assured ( possessed many advantages over Portsmouth. [ Our fleet was now thirty-seven strong. Ten A.M. on^ 8th (W. by N. 58) we could still see the English ooast ; \ thenceforth we had nothing but sea and sky around ^ The 9th S. W, by W, 48, 10th W, S. W. J W. 101, 11th 68, 12th W. 110, 13th W. ^ N. 90, 14th W. 74, 15th A\V S. 115, Up to the 16th nothing noteworthy happei, (W. by S. 141.) The wind being nearly always good,', were able, by the help of the weather and the Grace oi! to promise ourselves a prosperous voyage. 17th (S. S. 85) one of the sick died in the night. The same dayi parations, and those of the simplest kind, were made>| the burial. They tied the corpse up in two bits of caijj put a stone at his head, anoth^^r at his feet, and slid into the water — this is the custom on board ship. Sti- 145 ; if it was not io|Jideed for those accustomed to mourninjo:, tolling of bells ierence in price. j^d wakes ! The same day we sighted a fleet holding the id also the Hess^iHiue course as ourselves. At first we could not make them r Greneral Riedt^^t as British transports ; the following day, the 18th (W. orders. We gfSJL W. 78) we discovered them to be friends, thirty-seven to come to agai^^ii in all, out from Cork w^th fresh regiments bound for )W of twenty-nn^^ebec on board. How we rejoiced at this addition to our runs each, whic^gt. (19th W. S. W. J W. 17.) wind shifted an The 20th (W. by N. 40) a ship out from America met us, .M. (W. by N. 3(,nt brought no important news. The 21st TV. N. W. J N. 80, the colour of tlj^nd W. N. W. J N. 78. The 23rd (S. W. 73) a dead calm. green, this blacj^yeral grampuses amused us very much with their gam- ly the phosphore»^ls ; one monster must have been ten ells long. He was . 38.) The 7th Hfown with a horizontally placed tail, and was 'spouting with Lccording to ordej^^eat force ; we saw him well as he was half above water. whole day tackii^he 24th (W. by N. 67) we had a miserable day, a heavy ; 5 P M. we sawterm and driving mist, compelled us to keep our berths ; royne fresh ordeiQon after however it cleared and the wind fell. The Irish his famous port a.^et had lost us and we did hot sight them again. 2.5th tted at missing 4 by N. 81, 26th W J N. 29, 27th W. 82, 28th W. 134, captain assured Qth, 6 P.M., wind very strong. A clumsy sailor let slip Qouth. he tiller, the helm swung to, and everything and every- Ten A.M. on i^dy were knocked about by the violence of the shock. En«"lish coast ; ^e then found out that we had been in danger, having Mid sky arounda^en a tremendous list and shipped a great deal of water. ^ W. 101, nth fThe 29th (W. S. W. 84) we had good weather and good W. 74, 15th TVVJnd ; but the nearer we came to America the coldar it eworthy happei^. The sea water now changed back from black to green. y always good/^j-day we saw gulls again w^hich, no more than fishes, we md the Grace ol ip not seen for some time. With some probability we now rao'e. 17th (S. Idfessed that we were not far off land. The captain con- The same daytjaed our opinion by telling Wj that we were now only and, weremade»iie 220 English miles off .Newfoundland. The 30th n two bits of cai4 W. 74) a contrary wind and tacking all day long in feet, and slid •der to keep our course ; 10 P.M. the wind shifted but board ship. Strrjig j;qo light to do us much good. This evening, May day 1 146 eve, our thoughts went back to our Fatherland, 1000 Gei man miles awajr, to where the spectre appears on th Brocken. Oh ! how we blessed the future that should re store us to our home ! The 1st of May (N. by W. 31) came in darkly To-da] if anything convinced us that we were breathing the air o a new land. No magic song of the nightingale awakenini the listener to new felt joys and then drawing forth sigh from his breast with its sweet complaint ; none of th( strengch and the splendour of spring born Nature, no sof warm rays of the summer sun calling again the fruits of th< earth to life and filling our hearts with thankfulness t( God ; but all is waste and dead, nothing stirring save th( melancholy wind sighing through the shrouds. A thicl fog lay like a great white pall upon the sea, shutting in th view on every hand. Truly this day has been our worst we can see scarcely twenty paces ahead ; all day louj there is the booming of cannon which serves to mark ou position and to keep the fleet from scattering. A dea( calm and cold so penetrating that we can hardly support i for two minutes together on deck. To-day our captai caught what he called a young sword fish ; it was barely foot long, the head being half its total length, and sharpl pointed, the belly was uncommonly thick and inclose with two flaps of hide, the tail was thin, broad and shor its skin resembled frog's spawn and its flesh was like whi jelly. We could discover only one bone, a very broad or and hinged on to another one which was sickle-shapec Two big eyes situated at the juncture of head and bac were the only outward things visible to the naked eye. According to our captain we might expect many moi days of calm and fog before landing at Quebec ; wou that we had reached the end of our voyage ! At 10 P.5 the skv cleared, the wind blew and the moon shone oi brightly, so we looked forward to better weather, but vain. 14t land, 1000 Qer- The 2nd of May was as bad and as foggy as the first, appears on the (W. N. "W. J W. 52.) The signal guns were again fired to that should re- keep us together. A great number of sea-fowl were flying tbout us. The English call them sea-pigeons ; they seem larkly To-day 4o be some sort of diver about as big as a quail, thick- ithinc the air of headed, with a pointed bill, white breast and black wings ; o-ale awakening tfieir cry was not unlike a throstle's. The spoon-bills too Jinff forth sighs were visible in these waters, and although a couple were t • none of the shot by the officers it was impossible to get them on board. Nature no soft The 3rd of May (W. N. W. 96) was as foggy as the two the fruits of thepjreceding days ; the wind, however, was stronger; there thankfulness terras a very heavy fog on the Banks. To-day a one-masted trrin"" save theBnglish ship, bound for the fisheries, passed us. England h ouds A thickws reserved the fishing rights for herself, making prison- hutting in th0|s of all who do not keep the statutory distance from land. \ / Q^y worst riiese fisheries are to England what Peru is to Spain or a • all day lonf^va to Holland. "We were now on the Great Banks, and -es to mark ou*l H o'clock the weather clearing, and the Commodore ob tterin"". A deadflffving that some vessels had already got out of their hardly support i>ljices and were straggling off, gave the signal to make J our captaiiwy slowly. Our captain wishing to give us some thing it was barely Wsh for dinner began trolling astern. A great big fish of crfH and sharplW ^^- was caught, all running aft to see it, the English ■\ and inclose!^ it Cod, we Laberdan ; it had some mussels and a small * V^ oad and shoTllf digested fish inside. I could see the sinker on the bot- ^ Vi was like whit>* ^ • *u ^ \ At 10 P liP^®^ ^*y "^® ^^^ ^^^ right our captain was ; the fog y*°® • ^^^^ oT***iii^ed, and the 4th of May (N. by N. 112) was like ,. iu^^ jjilember. A New Jersey fishing smack met us and e were all very much pleased to feel so near our journey's S I I I I 148 ond, and to seo the first native American. Several gan ling grampuses kept us amused on deck for two houi spite of the biting cold. At 3 A.M. on the 5th I rose to a bright May sun streaming in on me ; what was my prise to find the deck covered with ice ! Even the hi sailor said his "very cold morning" with a shiver, sun rode majestically in the Heaven, but soon withd behind thick banks of clouds as if ashamed of looking such a May morning. At 4 P.M. we could have sig Newfoundland had the weather only been a little cleai This morning, the 6th of May, the captain pointed oi me the coast of Newfoundland. The weather was f< good, but the wind contrary. (W. N. W. by W.) We a long talk with the captain about the wonderful dev( ments of the art of navigation, he showing us many c\ and instruments which he was in the habit of using. ] astonishing is the industry and activity of those who low the sea — no spot in the ocean that they do not ki no sand-bank they have not measured, no coast they ca: accurately describe. The Englishman, proud of his < mand of the sea, despises danger on it, trusting U knowledge of his profession and knowing that in a moi he can find his position and his path across the trac waste of waves. Though the heavens may be hid in c( he knows the way and follows it without swerving a ' breadth to right or left. This day and the next we hindered by contrary winds. The 8th of May the wind was favourable and the w tolerably fine. A two-masted ship spoke the Comm( but we could not hear. The 9th we had a good] which soon increased, and from 4 till midnight half gale. A Nova Scotian fisherman, whom we recoj as an American by his clothes, met us. The lOtl winds and not very favourable. We fished and two cod, one of which the English cook did for us German fashion. At 2 in the afternoon the wind 1 149 Sevorai g ^^^ became stroni^er and more favourable. The air was for two no ^^.jj ^jj^^jy j^^^j foggy. As the ship was not pitching or e 5th 1 rose lulling much we went early to bnd to get a good rest ; but ^'hat was y ^^ worst possible night awaited us and banished all rest Even the *^*^°^iid hope. The " Pallas," either through the negligence of th a shiver. '^^ seamen or through the look-out not discovering us soon ut soon wit aiiough, bore down lull on us, and then crash went both the ncied of ^o^^^^S o^^ipg together. The shouts of the crew, the roaring of the •ould have sig ijfiri^ and the darkness of the night made every thing still jen a little c e jnore terrible. But Providence watching over us guarded ptain pointe ^1 ^^^^ danger. Chilled to the marrow and almost with- weather was ^nt clothing of any kind we ran to the cabin, and there, W.by W.) ^ 'lie danger past, gave thanks to God for his protection, woiiderlul Tlom midnight till 8 the next morning a great gale blew ; ving "US many ^ helm was lashed and there we lay at the mercy of the habit of ^sing.^ Ho^jj^^g ^^^ ^^^^^ ^^-y ° . ^j^Q^ The 11th and 12th contrary winds carried us hither and t they ^g^jjj^hither with much buffeting. We longed for our journey's ' 110 coa nr^^'^t ^or our food was nearly finished and the water be- n, proud of his co^ ' ^ "n U, trusting to ?f'^S bad. that in a mome |t was an indescribably joyful moment when for the first the trackl*>6 for five weeks we sighted land, at 8 on the morning of be hid in cloii® 13th of May. Cape Breton lay like a blue cloud in the pTvinff a haivBtance ; the wind was contrary, so we kept the same po- V -.gxt we wtion all day. The morning of tho 14th at 5 o'clock we itted Cape Ray and the Island of St. Paul with a favour- u nd the weatw wind ; we could see both coasts easily with the naked ^ ^r +h Commodo^and both were covered with snow. Cape Ray -'^~"^- ^^ \> A a ffood vsipoldly and mountainously, and has a grand loc we had a good "dniffht ble*^8iter. St. Paul Island, twenty to twenty-five miles off, , reco"'ni*lfc very low in the water. The distance between the The 10th li<|l mainlands is about thirty-five miles. At midday we 1^ r ii bed and caii^pg^t of both, and an hour later entered the Grulf of St. V rid for us iiiV^rence. The wind was favourable all day, and the ^^ ih wind shl'^^ cheered us with the information that with such a stands look from 11 150 wind wo should make Quebec in five or six days. ' 16th was also a day of good winds, and as the weather \ bright and fairly warm, and the sea smooth, we co reckon this day among the few pleasant ones spent at i There was much sea-weed floating about of difl'erent kii some with red berries, some with a kind of long lea^ others with stems of such prodigious length that the lost them in trying to follow them to their end. Some tm birds, not unlike sparrows, came aboard ; they had a w stripe on each side of the head. A hungry bird of p seized one of these and carried him off from one of masts. The 16th we were wafted over the water very gently i almost imperceptibly ; but there was a good deal of hanging about, and so signal guns were continually li by the two frigates. An English ship who had damaj her steering gear sailed at random through the fleet and ] a collision with another vessel. We saw this accident fi a distance ; it was not very serious, though a great dea the rigging was brought away ; happily, too, the wind ' light and the sea smooth, otherwise in the fog we would Y got separated. At 11 o'clock a strong contrary wind and kept swinging us clear out of our course. At sighted the Island Bonaventure about thirty-six miles but the wind being so strong we stood out well to sea were well knocked about till 10 P.M. During the r the Aurora Borealis lit up the sea with great splendou At 6 A.M. on the 17th we sighted Anticosti ; the rather good, the weather bright and warm, the sea ca we approached the island till at 3 o'clock we were onlj miles distant. The bushes and scrubby trees growin the rocky hills were not yet out. At the foot of the we saw some snow still remaining which surprised u a little. The wind becoming contrary again compell to tack. We had hoped to be in the mouth of the riv this time. The 18th still found us off" Anticosti, the wel 151 >r six days. The was liiu^ and the wind jjood thoui^h lij^ht. At midday a J the weather wm ohaiijjfe took place, ji^reat black cloudH rolled up, audit camo mooth we couul on to snow so heavily that soon our decks were quite cover- ones spent at sea ed. Soldiers and sailors snow-balled each other, wonder- ; of dill'erent kinds jng at such a snow storm in May. What, we asked our- id of long leavi's pelves, is to become of our troops in such a changeable \\